Technology, Engineering & Agriculture Books
Schiffer Publishing Ltd The Wehrmacht Weapons Testing Ground at
Book Synopsis
£25.19
Schiffer Publishing Ltd More Gulfâ Oil Collectibles
Book Synopsis
£23.79
Schiffer Publishing Ltd FockeWulf Ta 183 X Planes of the Third Reich
Book Synopsis
£9.49
Schiffer Publishing Ltd Americas Army and Air Force Airplanes
Book Synopsis
£41.39
Schiffer Publishing Ltd Petroleum Collectibles
Book Synopsis
£23.79
Schiffer Publishing Ltd Panzers 35t and 38t and their Variants 19201945
Book Synopsis
£54.39
Schiffer Publishing Ltd Gray Ghosts
Book Synopsis
£39.09
Schiffer Publishing Ltd Discovering Antique Phonographs
Book Synopsis
£39.09
Engineers India Research Institute Textile Auxiliaries and Chemicals with Processes
Book SynopsisThe book covers Classifications and Chemistry, Manufacturing Processes of Textile Auxiliaries, Commercial Textile Auxiliaries, Formulations of Textile Auxiliaries, Classification of Surfactants, Details of Raw Materials, Anionic SurfactantS.
£32.24
Schiffer Publishing Ltd Germanyâs V2 Rocket
Book Synopsis
£33.29
Schiffer Publishing Ltd TOUCHING SPACE The Story of Project Manhigh
Book Synopsis
£20.69
PHI Learning Mechanical Vibrations and Noise Engineering
Book SynopsisThis book on mechanical vibrations and noise engineering offers tools for addressing vibration and noise issues in machines and structures. It focuses on mechanical engineering applications, includes examples, and covers sound levels, noise effects, and regulations. Suitable for students and practicing engineers in various engineering disciplines.
£13.99
Running Press,U.S. Sea and Smoke
Book SynopsisA gorgeous restaurant book celebrating a pocket-sized world-class spot on a tiny island, where "local" rules and the meal is the best of its kind.Trade Review" [A]n intimate look inside the creative vision and techniques of chef Blaine Wetzel and his Willows Inn restaurant in Washington State's San Juan Islands. It begins with nearly 100 pages of lush and gorgeously illustrated essays about Lummi Island, its wild foods, fishermen and small farmers, and the daily work of the restaurant over one year... Any adventurous, experienced cook will find fresh ideas here, and those living near wild places may be inspired to forage for new flavors close to home. ... Discover: The beautiful and wild culinary visions of chef Blaine Wetzel. --Shelf Awareness, starred review "Wetzel's first book is a work of art... The recipes are clearly written, and the adventurous home cook with access to a broad array of ingredients will delight in replicating dishes served at the Willows. For fans of such high-end regional cookbooks as Magnus Nilsson's Faviken and Sean Brock's Heritage." --Library Journal "This book is written with passion and talent. It is outstanding. It will make a great gift."?-Edouard Cointreau, President of the Jury - Gourmand World Cookbook Awards
£28.00
Hirmer Verlag BMWi: Visionary Mobility
Book SynopsisElectro - mobility is the number one topic when it comes to our mobility in the future. What does the vision of the BMW Group, Germany’s main pioneer in the field, l ook like? For the first time providing extensive insight into BMW’s workshop of ideas, this volume presents the multi - faceted concept for sustainable and visionary mobility right up to autonomous driving. In the spring of 2008, a think tank of engineers, d esigners, trend researchers, and financial experts met on a factory floor of BMW’s parent plant in Munich to rethink mobility. This volume traces the exciting venture in its complex development, while also looking at the future. A main focus is on the major challenges of our time — climate change, scarcity of resources, megacities — and the solution approaches: technological innovations, networked mobility, and the use of renewable materials. Autonomous driving plays a particularl y important role. Terrific close - ups and design drawings present all models from the BMW i3 and the BMW i8 to the BMW i Vision Future Interaction.
£36.00
LID Publishing Wholegarment: The philosophy and technology of a
Book SynopsisIn 1962, Masahiro Shima founded Shima Seiki, with the aim of developing a fully automated seamless glove-knitting machine. Following this success, the company expanded into flat knitting machines. However, the age of the computer brought a whole new era for Shima Seiki. By committing to computerization in its mainstream products, Shima Seiki gradually began to stand apart from its competitors. Shima Seiki's focus on computer-aided knit design and programming, in fact led to a revolution in the fashion industry. Written by the inventor himself, this book looks at how Masahiro Shima developed both the technology and philosophy to enable his company to be market leaders in industrial knitting machines - and fundamentally change the fashion industry. This culminated in the launch of the company's Wholegarment knitting machine in 1995, which altered forever the way knitted garments are produced, and which today is used by fashion manufacturers across the world.
£15.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd Product Design and Sustainability
Book SynopsisWhether it is the effects of climate change, the avalanche of electronic and plastic waste or the substandard living and working conditions of billions of our fellow global citizens, our ability to deal with unsustainability will define the twenty-first century. Given that most consumption is mediated through products and services, the critical question for designers is: How can we radically reshape these into tools for sustainable living? As a guide and reference text, Product Design and Sustainability provides design students, practitioners and educators with the breadth and depth needed to integrate the most appropriate sustainable strategies into their practice. It establishes the principles that underpin sustainability and introduces a diverse range of social, economic and environmental design responses and tools available to designers. The numerous real-world examples illustrate how these strategies play out in different product sectors and reinforce the vTrade Review"For anyone fatigued by the term "sustainability," Jane Penty breaths vitality back into the word—expanding its purview and animating its potential. Traversing multiple disciplines from material culture and artificial intelligence, to business frameworks, ethics, and social innovation, Jane Penty's Product Design and Sustainability may be the single most effective compendium for simultaneously defining a contemporary understanding of sustainability while providing an actionable toolkit for its practice. Required reading for design professionals, educators, and students; essential reading for anyone who needs to believe that we can find a way forward."Allan Chochinov, Chair, SVA MFA Products of Design, NY; Partner, Core77"A book that is timely and urgently needed - revisiting the complex and fast-evolving relationships between design, consumption, economics and technology at a pivotal moment. Product Design and Sustainability will help answer questions we all have as designers, and help further close the gap between the work that we do and our lived experience of the world." Hugo Jamson, Creative Director, New Territory, London"Far from the tired, doom and gloom rhetoric peddled by so many academics on this topic, Penty’s hopeful treatise lights the way toward a sustainable design future. Her clear and precise theoretical writing is further elucidated by a rich repertoire of case studies, methodological tools and practical examples. This important book will surely become an essential point of reference for anyone working at the intersections of design, sustainability and systems change."Jonathan Chapman, Professor and Director of Doctoral Studies, School of Design, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh"A wonderfully comprehensive real-world guide through the maze of sustainability for anyone involved in new product creation. It manages to be both rigorous and pragmatic in equal measure and is the perfect starting point for designers, students and academics."Alex Hulme, director, Map Project Office, London"Through a very accessible yet profound work, Jane Penty reminds us that product designers can play a major role in the transition to a more sustainable and meaningful tomorrow. For a whole new generation of designers ready and mobilised to engage on this course of action, this book offers a valuable tool to inform their thinking and practice."Anne Marchand, Professor of Product Design, School of Design, Université de Montréal "Product Design and Sustainability is a resource primed for designers to tackle wicked global problems they are increasingly required to help solve. Penty sets the scene of humanity's 'unsustainability' from a vast body of knowledge, identifying practical environmental, economic and social levers for designers to use in response. Real world examples then contextualise frameworks that are life cycle based; systemic; efficiency-led; regenerative; regulatory; socially equitable; circular; and economically transformative, to assist designers in reorienting their practice to be sustainability-driven." Simon Lockrey, Senior Lecturer, RMIT University, Executive Director, Glowpear, Melbourne"Jane Penty’s book is a well-informed and engaging overview of the dramatic material challenges of our contemporary world we live in, as well as a useful and practical guide as to how design tools, methods and practice can be used to drive change." Clare Brass, designer, circular economy expert and director, Department 22, London"In a world where doomsday scenarios paint alarming pictures while designers work on the next new trend, Jane Penty’s voice is calm and points to a better world through design. She asks the difficult question - what problems are we solving and how? Product Design and Sustainability calls upon us to be conscious and responsible designers and shows us how. The mix of carefully put together information, insightful analysis, detailed examples and design strategy is valuable for both the student and practitioner of design. It is comprehensive and covers several design disciplines and their intersections." Naga Nandini, Industrial Arts and Design Practices, Srishti Institute of Art, Design and Technology, BangaloreTable of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. Introduction. Part 1: Concepts and context. 1. Sustainability and design in context. 1.1 Our unsustainability and major threats. 1.2 The concept of sustainability: definitions and models. 1.3 A timeline: design and the sustainability movement. 1.4 Obstacles, challenges and key players for change. Chapter summary. Key texts and further reading. Endnotes. Part 2: Strategies, tools and approaches. 2. Environmentally led strategies. 2.1 From less bad to better and positive: an overview of approaches. 2.2 Thinking in systems and designing for life cycles. 2.3 Tools and metrics for better design choices. 2.4 Carrot and stick: voluntary, mandatory, regulations and certification. 2.5 Radical rethinks: low tech and old tech. Chapter summary. Key references and further reading. Endnotes. 3. Socially led strategies. 3.1 Overconsumption: shifting the consumer society through behaviour change. 3.2 Better products and real needs: human centred and socially responsible design. 3.3 The other 70%: design for the base of the pyramid. 3.4 Ethics & sustainability: design as a tool for change. Chapter summary and key design challenges. Key references and further reading. Endnotes. 4. Economically led strategies. 4.1 Introduction to economy and sustainability. 4.2 The rise of more responsible business. 4.3 Emerging business models: the collaborative economy. 4.4 Emerging business models: open design and distributed production. 4.5 Emerging business models: the circular economy. Chapter summary. Key references and further reading. Endnotes. Part 3: In practice. 5. Short-use products: packaging, consumables and disposables. 5.1 In the balance: pros and cons of Consumer Packaged Goods. 5.2 Key re-design strategies. Chapter summary. Endnotes. 6. Electronic tools and digital gateways. 6.1 the visible and invisible environmental impacts of the digital world. 6.2 design strategies for reducing the environmental impacts of electronic devices. 6.3 the social value of digital tools. Chapter summary. Endnotes. 7. Furniture and space related products. 7.1 Furniture trends and their sustainability implications. 7.2 Problematic materials and toxicity. 7.3 Design strategies for more sustainable furniture. Chapter summary. Endnotes. 8. Transportation and mobility: products and services. 8.1 The environmental, social and economic impacts of transportations and mobility. 8.2 Design for more sustainable transport modes. 8.3 Systems thinking: new technologies and business models for mass personalised mobility. Chapter summary. Endnotes. Conclusion. Glossary. Index.
£43.99
Forgotten Books The Teacher's Handbook of Slöjd: As Practised and Taught at Naäs, Containing Explanations and Details of Each Exercise (Classic Reprint)
£22.99
CABI Publishing Urban Pest Control: A Practitioner's Guide
Book SynopsisThis guide brings together the varied and multiple skills and activities required of pest control practitioners, including biology, chemistry, architecture, engineering, sales, logistics, legal and accounting, presented with a primary emphasis on pest organisms at its core. This book provides information and tips on all of these aspects and: explores the business of controlling pests (including trends in the industry, pest control tools, and sustainable pest control); covers biological information on each pest in addition to information on control and management, monitoring and follow-up; focusses particularly on globally significant pests with internationally-applicable use and guidance; and provides practical and hands-on experience, drawing on original case studies This is a key resource for pest control practitioners, as well as in-house staff of companies or buildings involved in household or urban pest control. It is also a valuable reference for researchers, and sanitation and building managers.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Understanding the business of controlling pests Chapter 2: Household pests and their control – Cockroach Chapter 3: Household pests and their control – Flies Chapter 4: Household pests and their control – Mosquito Chapter 5: Household pests and their control – Bed bug Chapter 6: Household pests and their control – Termite Chapter 7: Sporadic pests and their control Chapter 8: Stored product pests Chapter 9: Vertebrate pest and their control – Rats Chapter 10: Methodology in pest control – Insecticide formulations Chapter 11: Methodology in pest control – Insecticide baits and baiting Chapter 12: Sift to Integrated pest management (IPM) Chapter 13: Handling pesticide
£20.89
Forgotten Books The Sloyd System of Wood Working
£23.49
Clbm, LLC Principles of Mass and Flow Production
£22.50
Andrews UK Limited The Jupiter ACE Manual - 35th Anniversary Edition: Forth Programming
£13.62
HarperCollins Publishers Inc Never Lost Again The Google Mapping Revolution
Book SynopsisTrade Review“Kilday makes you feel like you were there in person for the incredible rise of Google Maps and the geolocation industries that were built on top of it. Get the inside scoop on this world-changing technology from a talented storyteller who makes every page fun.” — Joshua Baer, founder of Capital Factory “In Never Lost Again, Kilday takes us back to the origins of the Google mapping revolution, offering a personal, insider’s account of the startups, people and technologies behind it all. It’s a wild ride, and they don’t always take the most direct route, but they end up changing the way we navigate the world. It’s a five-star trip!” — David Richter, Global Head of Business and Corporate Development, Uber “the author crafts an engaging, blow-by-blow account of people and events that made mapping an unusually powerful tool...Informative, entertaining reading for nontechies.” — Kirkus Reviews “Will appeal to those looking for the inside scoop on the business side of tech. But Kilday provides enough detail on the development of Google Maps—from CD-ROMs to negotiating prices of data sets to the development of “geocoding”—that this will also appeal to tech geeks and map nerds.” — Booklist “Every would-be founder should take advantage of the hours saved by map technology and read this book. It is an epic of tradeshow demo hell, cash flow struggles, engineering brilliance and sheer perseverance that delivered one of the miracles of our age. It’s a captivating yarn with insider details and story-telling other start-up books rarely seem to capture and bring to life.” — Bing Gordon, Partner, Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, and previous CCO of Electronic Arts “Never Lost Again is an entertaining and inspiring story of perseverance and determination.” — Inc.
£19.00
Random House USA Inc 101 Things I Learned in Engineering School
Book SynopsisProviding unique, accessible lessons on engineering, this title in the bestselling 101 Things I Learned® series is a perfect resource for students, recent graduates, general readers, and even seasoned professionals. An experienced civil engineer presents the physics and fundamentals underlying the many fields of engineering. Far from a dry, nuts-and-bolts exposition, 101 Things I Learned® in Engineering School uses real-world examples to show how the engineer''s way of thinking can illuminate questions from the simple to the profound: Why shouldn''t soldiers march across a bridge? Why do buildings want to float and cars want to fly? What is the difference between thinking systemically and thinking systematically? This informative resource will appeal to students, general readers, and even experienced engineers, who will discover within many provocative insights into familiar principles.
£15.19
Catoblepas Press Saps, Blackjacks and Slungshots: A History of Forgotten Weapons
£28.99
Bloomsbury Publishing PLC StressFree Navigation
Book SynopsisYou might think stress-free navigation sounds like an impossible paradox. But it need not be. All boaters, whether under sail or under power, need to be able to navigate safely on the water both to keep themselves and their crew out of trouble and to avoid endangering others. Yet navigation has often been presented almost as a black art complicated, full of tricky maths, and with alien concepts to get your head around. Step in Mr Stress-Free': having in his previous books presented techniques for sailing and motorboating in an accessible, manageable fashion, Duncan Wells now turns his attention to navigation. He makes concepts easy to understand and the practice of navigation perfectly achievable for all with minimum stress. The book covers the basic introductory elements clearly and simply for novices, and progresses through more advanced techniques for experienced navigators, so that there is something for everyone, whatever their skill level. Diagrams, quick-reference tables and flowcharts, explanatory step-by-step photographs, box features, top tips and QR codes giving access to explanatory videos are all features that have been much appreciated by readers of Duncan's other top-selling titles.Trade ReviewAn indispensable myth-busting guide to the reality of navigation. Never be lost again – and never think the stars are beyond your reach. * Yachting Times *
£17.09
Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH Quantum Mechanics, Volume 2: Angular Momentum,
Book SynopsisThis new edition of the unrivalled textbook introduces concepts such as the quantum theory of scattering by a potential, special and general cases of adding angular momenta, time-independent and time-dependent perturbation theory, and systems of identical particles. The entire book has been revised to take into account new developments in quantum mechanics curricula. The textbook retains its typical style also in the new edition: it explains the fundamental concepts in chapters which are elaborated in accompanying complements that provide more detailed discussions, examples and applications. * The quantum mechanics classic in a new edition: written by 1997 Nobel laureate Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and his colleagues Bernard Diu and Franck Laloë * As easily comprehensible as possible: all steps of the physical background and its mathematical representation are spelled out explicitly * Comprehensive: in addition to the fundamentals themselves, the book contains more than 170 worked examples plus exercises Claude Cohen-Tannoudji was a researcher at the Kastler-Brossel laboratory of the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris where he also studied and received his PhD in 1962. In 1973 he became Professor of atomic and molecular physics at the Collège des France. His main research interests were optical pumping, quantum optics and atom-photon interactions. In 1997, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, together with Steven Chu and William D. Phillips, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his research on laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms. Bernard Diu was Professor at the Denis Diderot University (Paris VII). He was engaged in research at the Laboratory of Theoretical Physics and High Energy where his focus was on strong interactions physics and statistical mechanics. Franck Laloë was a researcher at the Kastler-Brossel laboratory of the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris. His first assignment was with the University of Paris VI before he was appointed to the CNRS, the French National Research Center. His research was focused on optical pumping, statistical mechanics of quantum gases, musical acoustics and the foundations of quantum mechanics.Table of ContentsAN ELEMENTARY APPROACH TO THE QUANTUM THEORY OF SCATTERING BY A POTENTIAL Introduction Stationary Scattering States. Calculation of the Cross Section Scattering by a Central Potential. Method of Partial Waves Complements ELECTRON SPIN Introduction Special Properties of Angular Moment 1/2 Non-Relativistic Description of a Spin 1/2 Particle Complements ADDITION OF ANGULAR MOMENTA Introduction Addition of Two Spin 1/2's. Elementary Method Addition of Two Arbitrary Angular Momenta. General Methods Complements STATIONARY PERTURBATION THEORY Description of the Method Perturbation of a Non-Degenerate Level Perturbation of a Degenerate Level Complements AN APPLICATION OF PERTURBATION THEORY: THE FINE AND HYPERFINE STRUCTURE OF THE HYDROGEN ATOM Introduction Additional Terms in the Hamiltonian The Fine Structure of the N=2 Level The Hyperfine Structure of the N=1 Level The Zeeman Effect of the Hyperfine Structure of the 1s Ground State Complements APPROXIMATION METHODS FOR TIME-DEPENDENT PROBLEMS Statement of the Problem Approximate Solution of the Schrödinger Equation An Important Special Case: Sinusoidal or Constant Perturbation Complements SYSTEMS OF IDENTICAL PARTICLES Statement of the Problem Permutation Operators The Symmetrization Postulate Discussion Complements APPENDICES Fourier Series and the Fourier Transform The Dirac "Function" The Lagrangian and Hamiltonian in Classical Mechanics
£999.99
Workman Publishing Practical Woody Plant Propagation for Nursery Growers
An exhaustive exposition of propagating methods, from growing from seed to cuttings, grafting, layering, and tissue culture. It is based on the actual working methods of successful propagators worldwide and presents detailed explanations and illustrations of the procedures used. This book is only available through print on demand. All interior art is black and white.
£45.00
American Society of Agronomy Methods of Soil Enzymology
Book Synopsis
£86.36
Workman Publishing Building with Stone
Book SynopsisDiscusses the uses of stone in the garden.
£14.24
Michael O'Mara Books Ltd Plato's Alarm Clock: And Other Amazing Ancient
Book SynopsisWe all like to think we are pretty smart. New medical advances seem to come along every day; space travel suddenly doesn't seem so difficult; self-driving cars are no longer a thing of the future . but if we were stranded on a desert island tomorrow, most of us wouldn't know how to catch a fish or start a fire, let alone rebuild all that extraordinary technology we now rely on. The truth is that we're not necessarily more clever than our ancestors, we just have an accumulation of centuries of technological progress on which we can rely. As this book shows, many of the ancients were much more advanced that we realize - indeed there are recent inventions that had actually been discovered centuries earlier and then forgotten. And what about all those modern day devices and machines that rely on ancient inventions such as paper, levers and gears? From brain surgery in the Stone Age to Chinese whisky from the 7th century BC, to Damascus steel - once the hardest metal in the world, which we no longer know how to make - this insightful book collects together the stories of hundreds of ancient devices, inventions and breakthroughs from around the world and across the centuries, giving us a fascinating glimpse into past eras that were far more technologically advanced than we sometimes realize.
£9.49
ASM International Atlas of Fatigue Curves
Book SynopsisContains more than 500 fatigue curves for industrial ferrous and nonferrous alloys. Also includes an explanation of fatigue testing and interpretation of test results. Each curve is presented independently and includes an explanation of its particular importance.
£246.50
Society of Manufacturing Engineers Fundamentals of Manufacturing
Book Synopsis
£122.55
MP-SMM Society for Mining Mineral Processing Plant Design Practice and C
Book SynopsisThis indispensable resource covers all aspects of plant design - from concept to pilot plant to full-scale production. Valuable guidance is provided on overall project management, and on the design, optimization, and control of all related processes.
£102.40
Prospect Books Fasting and Feasting 1990 Proceedings of the
Book Synopsis
£27.00
The University of Chicago Press Engineering the Eternal City Infrastructure
Book SynopsisTrade Review"Pamela Long's wonderful book brings the reader into the streets and squares of late Renaissance Rome, and recreates the lost cultures of knowledge and practice that took shape there. She shows in vivid detail how scholars and engineers, artists and prelates struggled to recreate ancient Rome and rebuild the infrastructure of the modern city."--Anthony T. Grafton, Princeton University "In Engineering the Eternal City, Pamela Long recaptures the energy and efflorescence of the Eternal City in the late sixteenth century, when Rome appeared to many visitors to be a vast and never-ending construction site. During these crucial decades after the Sack of Rome popes, architects, engineers, physicians, antiquarians, humanists, and city officials devised numerous solutions to the problems of repairing an ancient city as part of making an early modern city a magnificent expression of Rome's unique legacy as the heart of an ancient empire renewed by faith. Readers who love this city and want to learn more about it will enjoy this book."--Paula Findlen, Stanford University
£37.05
Cameron & Hollis Charles Rennie Mackintosh
Book SynopsisThis fourth edition of Billcliffe's work on the furniture of Charles Rennie Mackintosh, has been completely revised and redesigned to incorporate all the new information (not to mention pieces of furniture) discovered since the third edition was published 20 years ago.
£144.00
SDC Publications Interior Design Using Autodesk Revit 2019
Book SynopsisThe intent of this book is to provide the interior design student a well-rounded knowledge of Autodesk Revit tools and techniques. These skills can then be applied to enhance professional development in both academia and industry. Each book also includes access to nearly 100 video tutorials designed to further help you master Autodesk Revit.
£55.00
John Wiley & Sons Inc Principles of Solar Cells LEDs and Related
Book SynopsisThe second edition of the text that offers an introduction to the principles of solar cells and LEDs, revised and updated The revised and updated second edition of Principles of Solar Cells, LEDs and Related Devices offers an introduction to the physical concepts required for a comprehensive understanding of p-n junction devices, light emitting diodes and solar cells. The author a noted expert in the field presents information on the semiconductor and junction device fundamentals and extends it to the practical implementation of semiconductors in both photovoltaic and LED devices. In addition, the text offers information on the treatment of a range of important semiconductor materials and device structures including OLED devices and organic solar cells. This second edition contains a new chapter on the quantum mechanical description of the electron that will make the book accessible to students in any engineering discipline. The text also includes a neTable of ContentsIntroduction xi Acknowledgements xv 1 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 1 1.1 Introduction 2 1.2 The Classical Electron 2 1.3 Two Slit Electron Experiment 4 1.4 The Photoelectric Effect 7 1.5 Wave Packets and Uncertainty 10 1.6 The Wavefunction 12 1.7 The Schrödinger Equation 14 1.8 The Electron in a One-Dimensional Well 18 1.9 Electron Transmission and Reflection at Potential Energy Step 24 1.10 Expectation Values 26 1.11 Spin 26 1.12 The Pauli Exclusion Principle 29 1.13 Summary 30 Further Reading 32 Problems 33 2 Semiconductor Physics 37 2.1 Introduction 38 2.2 The Band Theory of Solids 38 2.3 Bloch Functions 40 2.4 The Kronig–Penney Model 42 2.5 The Bragg Model 47 2.6 Effective Mass 48 2.7 Number of States in a Band 50 2.8 Band Filling 52 2.9 Fermi Energy and Holes 53 2.10 Carrier Concentration 55 2.11 Semiconductor Materials 65 2.12 Semiconductor Band Diagrams 67 2.13 Direct Gap and Indirect Gap Semiconductors 72 2.14 Extrinsic Semiconductors 74 2.15 Carrier Transport in Semiconductors 79 2.16 Equilibrium and Non-Equilibrium Dynamics 83 2.17 Carrier Diffusion and the Einstein Relation 86 2.18 Quasi-Fermi Energies 88 2.19 The Diffusion Equation 91 2.20 Traps and Carrier Lifetimes 94 2.21 Alloy Semiconductors 98 2.22 Summary 100 References 103 Further Reading 103 Problems 105 3 The p–n Junction Diode 111 3.1 Introduction 112 3.2 Diode Current 113 3.3 Contact Potential 117 3.4 The Depletion Approximation 119 3.5 The Diode Equation 127 3.6 Reverse Breakdown and the Zener Diode 139 3.7 Tunnel Diodes 141 3.8 Generation/Recombination Currents 143 3.9 Metal–Semiconductor Junctions 145 3.10 Heterojunctions 156 3.11 Alternating Current (AC) and Transient Behaviour 157 3.12 Summary 159 Further Reading 160 Problems 161 4 Photon Emission and Absorption 165 4.1 Introduction to Luminescence and Absorption 166 4.2 Physics of Light Emission 167 4.3 Simple Harmonic Radiator 169 4.4 Quantum Description 170 4.5 The Exciton 174 4.6 Two-Electron Atoms 176 4.7 Molecular Excitons 184 4.8 Band-to-Band Transitions 186 4.9 Photometric Units 190 4.10 Summary 194 References 195 Further Reading 195 Problems 197 5 p–n Junction Solar Cells 201 5.1 Introduction 202 5.2 Light Absorption 204 5.3 Solar Radiation 207 5.4 Solar Cell Design and Analysis 207 5.5 Thin Solar Cells, G = 0 214 5.6 Thin Solar Cells, G > 0 218 5.7 Solar Cell Generation as a Function of Depth 220 5.8 Surface Recombination Reduction 224 5.9 Solar Cell Efficiency 225 5.10 Silicon Solar Cell Technology: Wafer Preparation 230 5.11 Silicon Solar Cell Technology: Solar Cell Finishing 233 5.12 Silicon Solar Cell Technology: Advanced Production Methods 237 5.13 Thin-Film Solar Cells: Amorphous Silicon 238 5.14 Telluride/Selenide/Sulphide Thin-Film Solar Cells 245 5.15 High-efficiency Multi-junction Solar Cells 247 5.16 Concentrating Solar Systems 251 5.17 Summary 253 References 254 Further Reading 255 Problems 257 6 Light-Emitting Diodes 265 6.1 Introduction 266 6.2 LED Operation and Device Structures 267 6.3 Emission Spectrum 269 6.4 Non-radiative Recombination 271 6.5 Optical Outcoupling 272 6.6 GaAs LEDs 275 6.7 GaAs1−x Px LEDs 277 6.8 Double Heterojunction Alx Ga1−x As LEDs 278 6.9 AlGaInP LEDs 285 6.10 Ga1−xInxN LEDs 286 6.11 LED Structures for Enhanced Outcoupling and High Lumen Output 294 6.12 Summary 299 References 300 Further Reading 301 Problems 303 7 Organic Semiconductors, OLEDs, and Solar Cells 307 7.1 Introduction to Organic Electronics 308 7.2 Conjugated Systems 309 7.3 Polymer OLEDs 314 7.4 Small-Molecule OLEDs 320 7.5 Anode Materials 323 7.6 Cathode Materials 324 7.7 Hole Injection Layer 325 7.8 Electron Injection Layer 326 7.9 Hole Transport Layer 326 7.10 Electron Transport Layer 328 7.11 Light-Emitting Material Processes 330 7.12 Host Materials 332 7.13 Fluorescent Dopants 334 7.14 Phosphorescent and Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Dopants 335 7.15 Organic Solar Cells 340 7.16 Organic Solar Cell Materials 344 7.17 Summary 349 References 352 Further Reading 352 Problems 353 8 Junction Transistors 359 8.1 Introduction 359 8.2 Bipolar Junction Transistor 360 8.3 Junction Field-Effect Transistor 367 8.4 BJT and JFET Symbols and Applications 371 8.5 Summary 372 Further Reading 373 Problems 375 Appendix 1: Physical Constants 377 Appendix 2: Derivation of the Uncertainty Principle 379 Appendix 3: Derivation of Group Velocity 383 Appendix 4: The Boltzmann Distribution Function 385 Appendix 5: Properties of Semiconductor Materials 391 Index 392
£70.25
Craven Street Books Furniture Mouldings Fullsize Selections of
Book SynopsisA collection of 140 plates for mouldings from bedsteads, cabinets, cupboards, and more.
£17.99
David & Charles The 4-Cylinder Engine Short Block
Book SynopsisA complete practical guide on how to blueprint (optimise all aspects of specification) any 4-cylinder, four-stroke engine's short block to obtain maximum performance and reliability without wasting money on over-specced parts. Includes choosing components, crankshaft & conrod bearings, cylinder block, connecting rods, pistons, piston to valve clearances, camshaft, engine balancing, timing gear, lubrication system, professional check-build procedures and much more.Table of ContentsIntroduction Rpm limitations Pistons Crankshaft Connecting rods Camshaft drives Balancing Oil pump Sump (oil pan) Using this book Essential information Chapter 1. Buying a standard used engine Checking engine condition Summary of checks Chapter 2. Buying a used high-performance engine What to check in unused/rebuilt engines Chapter 3. Choosing replacement parts Pistons Cast pistons Forged pistons Piston rings Top ring Second ring Three-piece oil control ring Summary Main & connecting rod bearings Camshaft bearings (in-block cams) Connecting rod bolts Studs & nuts Gaskets O-ringing blocks Chapter 4. Plain bearing basics Bearing tunnels Bearing shell location tabs Fitting main bearing shells Fitting big end bearings Chapter 5. Cylinder block - checking Checking main bearing tunnel sizes Check fitting main bearing shells Checking bearing crush Measuring main bearing inside diameters Chapter 6. Cylinder block - preparation Cleaning components Cast iron components Aluminium components Preparation before cleaning Cleaning after parts have been in the tank Crack & porosity testing Iron blocks Aluminium blocks Threaded holes Summary Drain tap Strapping welch (freeze) & camshaft plugs Block decking Reboring Cylinder block boring machines Final block detailing Install camshaft bearings (if applicable) Machined surface protection Chapter 7. Connecting rods - preparation Piston pin retention and little ends Circlip piston pin retention Interference fit piston pin retention Connecting rod big end tunnel resizing Big end bore honing Connecting rod bolts Checking connecting rod bolts for stretch Aftermarket connecting rods Bearing crush Optimum big end bearing clearance Big end bearing diameters Chapter 8. Crankshaft Checking the crankshaft Crankshaft preparation Crankshaft regrinding Check fitting the connecting rods to the crankshaft Flywheel dowelling Chapter 9. Engine balance Piston sets Connecting rods Crankshaft Flywheels Crankshaft dampers Chapter 10. Camshaft & lifters Used camshafts Reground camshafts Lifters Summary Chapter 11. Crankshaft - check fitting Camshaft installation (if in block) Crankshaft installation Thrust bearings `Check fitting' the crankshaft to the block Chapter 12. Timing chain Fitting timing chains Camshaft timing Accurate valve timing Chapter 13. Valve reliefs & fitting pistons to connecting rods Piston valve reliefs Accurate valve relief location Valve relief diameters Fitting pistons to connecting rods Interference fit piston pins Circlip retained piston pins Chapter 14. Pistons & connecting rods - installation Piston rings Measuring end gaps Altering ring gaps Side clearance Radial depth of the ring groove Fitting rings to pistons Oil control rings Compression rings Chapter 15. Camshaft & ignition timing marks Checking top dead centre Ignition timing marks Camshaft timing marks Degree marking the crankshaft pulley Checking camshaft timing (in-block cams) Chapter 16. Oiling system Stock sumps (oil pans) Windage tray & baffle Increasing oil capacity Aluminium sumps Engine installation angle Oil pumps Crankcase ventilation Oil & filter Chapter 17. Conclusion Starting and running-in a rebuilt engine Checking used oil & the filter Engine inspection with sump (oil pan) removed Valve sear recession Postscript Index
£16.99
John Wiley & Sons Inc SigmaDelta Converters Practical Design Guide
Book SynopsisThoroughly revised and expanded to help readers systematically increase their knowledge and insight about Sigma-Delta Modulators Sigma-Delta Modulators (SDMs) have become one of the best choices for the implementation of analog/digital interfaces of electronic systems integrated in CMOS technologies. Compared to other kinds of Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs), S?Ms cover one of the widest conversion regions of the resolution-versus-bandwidth plane, being the most efficient solution to digitize signals in an increasingly number of applications, which span from high-resolution low-bandwidth digital audio, sensor interfaces, and instrumentation, to ultra-low power biomedical systems and medium-resolution broadband wireless communications. Following the spirit of its first edition, Sigma-Delta Converters: Practical Design Guide, 2nd Edition takes a comprehensive look at SDMs, their diverse types of architectures, circuit techniques, analysis synthesis methTable of ContentsPreface xix Acknowledgements xxv List of Abbreviations xxvii 1 Introduction to 𝚺𝚫 Modulators: Fundamentals, Basic Architecture and Performance Metrics 1 1.1 Basics of Analog-to-Digital Conversion 2 1.1.1 Sampling 3 1.1.2 Quantization 4 1.1.3 Quantization White Noise Model 5 1.1.4 Noise Shaping 8 1.2 Sigma-Delta Modulation 9 1.2.1 From Noise-shaped Systems to ΣΔ Modulators 10 1.2.2 Performance Metrics of ΣΔMs 11 1.3 The First-order ΣΔ Modulator 13 1.4 Performance Enhancement and Taxonomy of ΣΔMs 16 1.4.1 ΣΔM System-level Design Parameters and Strategies 17 1.4.2 Classification of ΣΔMs 18 1.5 Putting All The Pieces Together: From ΣΔMs to ΣΔ ADCs 19 1.5.1 Some Words about ΣΔ Decimators 20 1.6 ΣΔ DACs 22 1.6.1 System Design Trade-offs and Signal Processing in ΣΔ DACs 22 1.6.2 Implementation of Digital ΣΔMs used in DACs 24 1.7 Summary 25 References 26 2 Taxonomy of 𝚺𝚫 Architectures 29 2.1 Second-order ΣΔ Modulators 30 2.1.1 Alternative Representations of Second-order ΣΔMs 31 2.1.2 Second-Order ΣΔM with Unity STF 34 2.2 High-order Single-loop ΣΔMs 35 2.3 Cascade ΣΔ Modulators 39 2.3.1 SMASH ΣΔM Architectures 46 2.4 Multi-bit ΣΔ Modulators 49 2.4.1 Influence of Multi-bit DAC Errors 49 2.4.2 Dynamic Element Matching Techniques 50 2.4.3 Dual Quantization 53 2.4.3.1 Dual-quantization Single-loop ΣΔMs 53 2.4.3.2 Dual-quantization Cascade ΣΔMs 54 2.5 Band-pass ΣΔ Modulators 55 2.5.1 Quadrature BP-ΣΔMs 56 2.5.2 The z → −z2 LP–BP Transformation 58 2.5.3 BP-ΣΔMs with Optimized NTF 58 2.5.4 Time-interleaved and Polyphase BP-ΣΔMs 61 2.6 Continuous-time ΣΔ Modulators: Architecture and Basic Concepts 64 2.6.1 An Intuitive Analysis of CT-ΣΔMs 66 2.6.2 Some Words about Alias Rejection in CT-ΣΔMs 69 2.7 DT–CT Transformation of ΣΔMs 70 2.7.1 The Impulse-invariant Transformation 70 2.7.2 DT–CT Transformation of a Second-order ΣΔM 72 2.8 Direct Synthesis of CT-ΣΔMs 74 2.9 Summary 76 References 76 3 Circuit Errors in Switched-capacitor 𝚺𝚫 Modulators 83 3.1 Overview of Nonidealities in Switched-capacitor ΣΔ Modulators 84 3.2 Finite Amplifier Gain in SC-ΣΔMs 86 3.3 Capacitor Mismatch in SC-ΣΔMs 90 3.4 Integrator Settling Error in SC-ΣΔMs 91 3.4.1 Behavioral Model for the Integrator Settling 91 3.4.2 Linear Effect of Finite Amplifier Gain–Bandwidth Product 95 3.4.3 Nonlinear Effect of Finite Amplifier Slew Rate 98 3.4.4 Effect of Finite Switch On-resistance 100 3.5 Circuit Noise in SC-ΣΔMs 101 3.6 Clock Jitter in SC-ΣΔMs 105 3.7 Sources of Distortion in SC-ΣΔMs 107 3.7.1 Nonlinear Amplifier Gain 107 3.7.2 Nonlinear Switch On-Resistance 109 3.8 Case Study: High-level Sizing of a ΣΔM 111 3.8.1 Ideal Modulator Performance 111 3.8.2 Noise Leakages 112 3.8.3 Circuit Noise 115 3.8.4 Settling Error 116 3.8.5 Overall High-Level Sizing and Noise Budget 117 3.9 Summary 119 References 119 4 Circuit Errors and Compensation Techniques in Continuous-time 𝚺𝚫 Modulators 123 4.1 Overview of Nonidealities in Continuous-time ΣΔ Modulators 123 4.2 CT Integrators and Resonators 124 4.3 Finite Amplifier Gain in CT-ΣΔMs 126 4.4 Time-constant Error in CT-ΣΔMs 128 4.5 Finite Integrator Dynamics in CT-ΣΔMs 130 4.5.1 Effect of Finite Gain–Bandwidth Product on CT-ΣΔMs 131 4.5.2 Effect of Finite Slew Rate on CT-ΣΔMs 133 4.6 Sources of Distortion in CT-ΣΔMs 134 4.6.1 Nonlinearities in the Front-end Integrator 134 4.6.2 Intersymbol Interference in the Feedback DAC 136 4.7 Circuit Noise in CT-ΣΔMs 137 4.7.1 Noise Analysis Considering NRZ Feedback DACs 137 4.7.2 Noise Analysis Considering SC Feedback DACs 139 4.8 Clock Jitter in CT-ΣΔMs 140 4.8.1 Jitter in Return-to-zero DACs 141 4.8.2 Jitter in Non-return-to-zero DACs 142 4.8.3 Jitter in Switched-capacitor DACs 144 4.8.4 Lingering Effect of Clock Jitter Error 145 4.8.5 Reducing the Effect of Clock Jitter with FIR and Sine-shaped DACs 147 4.9 Excess Loop Delay in CT-ΣΔMs 149 4.9.1 Intuitive Analysis of ELD 149 4.9.2 Analysis of ELD based on Impulse-invariant DT-CT Transformation 151 4.9.3 Alternative ELD Compensation Techniques 154 4.10 Quantizer Metastability in CT-ΣΔMs 155 4.11 Summary 159 References 160 5 Behavioral Modeling and High-level Simulation 165 5.1 Systematic Design Methodology of ΣΔ Modulators 165 5.1.1 System Partitioning and Abstraction Levels 167 5.1.2 Sizing Process 167 5.2 Simulation Approaches for the High-level Evaluation of ΣΔMs 169 5.2.1 Alternatives to Transistor-level Simulation 169 5.2.2 Event-driven Behavioral Simulation Technique 171 5.2.3 Programming Languages and Behavioral Modeling Platforms 172 5.3 Implementing ΣΔM Behavioral Models 173 5.3.1 From Circuit Analysis to Computational Algorithms 173 5.3.2 Time-domain versus Frequency-domain Behavioral Models 175 5.3.3 Implementing Time-domain Behavioral Models in MATLAB 178 5.3.4 Building Time-domain Behavioral Models as SIMULINK C-MEX S-functions 182 5.4 Efficient Behavioral Modeling of ΣΔM Building Blocks using C-MEX S-functions 188 5.4.1 Modeling of SC Integrators using S-functions 188 5.4.1.1 Capacitor Mismatch and Nonlinearity 190 5.4.1.2 Input-referred Thermal Noise 191 5.4.1.3 Switch On-resistance Dynamics 194 5.4.1.4 Incomplete Settling Error 197 5.4.2 Modeling of CT Integrators using S-functions 200 5.4.2.1 Single-pole Gm-C Model 200 5.4.2.2 Two-pole Dynamics Model 201 5.4.2.3 Modeling Transconductors as S-functions 203 5.4.3 Behavioral Modeling of Quantizers using S-functions 205 5.4.3.1 Modeling Multi-level ADCs as S-functions 205 5.4.3.2 Modeling Multi-level DACs as S-functions 207 5.5 SIMSIDES: A SIMULINK-based Behavioral Simulator for ΣΔMs 209 5.5.1 Model Libraries Included in SIMSIDES 210 5.5.2 Structure of SIMSIDES and its User Interface 211 5.5.2.1 Creating a New ΣΔM Block Diagram 212 5.5.2.2 Setting Model Parameters 215 5.5.2.3 Simulation Analyses 215 5.6 Using SIMSIDES for High-level Sizing and Verification of ΣΔMs 216 5.6.1 SC Second-order Single-Bit ΣΔM 216 5.6.1.1 Effect of Amplifier Finite DC Gain 218 5.6.1.2 Effect of Thermal Noise 218 5.6.1.3 Effect of the Incomplete Settling Error 220 5.6.1.4 Cumulative Effect of All Errors 221 5.6.2 CT Fifth-order Cascade 3-2 Multi-bit ΣΔM 224 5.6.2.1 Effect of Nonideal Effects 227 5.6.2.2 High-level Synthesis and Verification 229 5.7 Summary 231 References 231 6 Automated Design and Optimization of 𝚺𝚫Ms 235 6.1 Architecture Exploration and Selection: Schreier’s Toolbox 236 6.1.1 Basic Functions of Schreier’s Delta-Sigma Toolbox 236 6.1.2 Synthesis of a Fourth-order CRFF LP/BP SC-ΣΔM with Tunable Notch 238 6.1.3 Synthesis of a Fourth-order BP CT-ΣΔM with Tunable Notch 240 6.2 Optimization-based High-level Synthesis of ΣΔ Modulators 245 6.2.1 Combining Behavioral Simulation and Optimization 246 6.2.2 Using Simulated Annealing as Optimization Engine 247 6.2.3 Combining SIMSIDES with MATLAB Optimizers 253 6.3 Lifting Method and Hardware Acceleration to Optimize CT-ΣΔMs 255 6.3.1 Hardware Emulation of CT-ΣΔMs on an FPGA 257 6.3.2 GPU-accelerated Computing of CT-ΣΔMs 258 6.4 Using Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithms to Optimize ΣΔMs 259 6.4.1 Combining MOEA with SIMSIDES 261 6.4.2 Applying MOEA and SIMSIDES to the Synthesis of CT-ΣΔMs 262 6.5 Summary 269 References 269 7 Electrical Design of 𝚺𝚫Ms: From Systems to Circuits 271 7.1 Macromodeling ΣΔMs 272 7.1.1 SC Integrator Macromodel 272 7.1.1.1 Switch Macromodel 272 7.1.1.2 OTA Macromodel 274 7.1.2 CT Integrator Macromodel 274 7.1.2.1 Active-RC Integrators 274 7.1.2.2 Gm-C Integrators 274 7.1.3 Nonlinear OTA Transconductor 275 7.1.4 Embedded Flash ADC Macromodel 276 7.1.5 Feedback DAC Macromodel 277 7.2 Examples of ΣΔM Macromodels 279 7.2.1 SC Second-order Example 279 7.2.2 Second-order Active-RC ΣΔM 283 7.3 Including Noise in Transient Electrical Simulations of ΣΔMs 286 7.3.1 Generating and Injecting Noise Data Sequences in HSPICE 287 7.3.2 Analyzing the Impact of the Main Noise Sources in SC Integrators 289 7.3.3 Generating and Injecting Flicker Noise Sources in Electrical Simulations 289 7.3.4 Test Bench to Include Noise in the Simulation of ΣΔMs 293 7.4 Processing ΣΔM Output Results of Electrical Simulations 294 7.5 Summary 298 References 298 8 Design Considerations of 𝚺𝚫M Subcircuits 301 8.1 Design Considerations of CMOS Switches 302 8.1.1 Trade-Off Between Ron and the CMOS Switch Drain/Source Parasitic Capacitances 302 8.1.2 Characterizing the Nonlinear Behavior of Ron 302 8.1.3 Influence of Technology Downscaling on the Design of Switches 304 8.1.4 Evaluating Harmonic Distortion due to CMOS Switches 305 8.2 Design Considerations of Operational Amplifiers 308 8.2.1 Typical Amplifier Topologies 309 8.2.2 Common-mode Feedback Networks 311 8.2.3 Characterization of the Amplifier in AC 313 8.2.4 Characterization of the Amplifier in DC 313 8.2.5 Characterization of the Amplifier Gain Nonlinearity 316 8.3 Design Considerations of Transconductors 317 8.3.1 Highly Linear Front-end Transconductor 318 8.3.2 Loop-filter Transconductors 320 8.3.3 Widely Programmable Transconductors 323 8.4 Design Considerations of Comparators 324 8.4.1 Regenerative Latch-based Comparators 325 8.4.2 Design Guidelines of Comparators 327 8.4.3 Characterization of Offset and Hysteresis Based on the Input-ramp Method 328 8.4.4 Characterization of Offset and Hysteresis Based on the Bisectional Method 328 8.4.5 Characterizing the Comparison Time 330 8.5 Design Considerations of Current-Steering DACs 332 8.5.1 Fundamentals and Basic Concepts of CS DACs 333 8.5.2 Practical Realization of CS DACs 333 8.5.3 Current Cell Circuits, Error Limitations, and Design Criteria 336 8.5.4 CS 4-bit DAC Example 336 8.6 Summary 338 References 338 9 Practical Realization of 𝚺𝚫Ms: From Circuits to Chips 341 9.1 Auxiliary ΣΔM Building Blocks 341 9.1.1 Clock-phase Generators 342 9.1.1.1 Phase Generation 342 9.1.1.2 Phase Buffering 342 9.1.1.3 Phase Distribution 344 9.1.2 Generation of Common-mode Voltage, Reference Voltage, and Bias Currents 345 9.1.2.1 Bandgap Circuit 345 9.1.2.2 Reference Voltage Generator 345 9.1.2.3 Master Bias Current Generator 346 9.1.2.4 Common-mode Voltage Generator 346 9.1.3 Additional Digital Logic 347 9.2 Layout Design, Floorplanning, and Practical Issues 348 9.2.1 Layout Floorplanning 348 9.2.1.1 Divide Layout into Different Parts or Regions 348 9.2.1.2 Shield Sensitive ΣΔM Analog Subcircuits from Switching Noise 349 9.2.1.3 Buses to Distribute Signals Shared by Different ΣΔM Parts 349 9.2.1.4 Be Obsessive about Layout Symmetry and Details of Analog Parts 349 9.2.2 I/O Pad Ring 350 9.2.3 Importance of Layout Verification and Catastrophic Failure 350 9.3 Chip Package, Test PCB, and Experimental Setup 354 9.3.1 Bonding Diagram and Package 354 9.3.2 Test PCB 355 9.4 Experimental Test Set-Up 355 9.4.1 Planning the Type and Number of Instruments Needed 357 9.4.2 Connecting Lab Instruments 357 9.4.3 Measurement Set-Up Example 358 9.5 ΣΔM Design Examples and Case Studies 359 9.5.1 Programmable-gain ΣΔMs for High Dynamic Range Sensor Interfaces 360 9.5.1.1 Main Design Criteria and Performance Limitations 361 9.5.1.2 SC Realization with Programmable Gain and Double Sampling 362 9.5.1.3 Influence of Chopper Frequency on Flicker Noise 362 9.5.2 Reconfigurable SC-ΣΔMs for Multi-standard Direct Conversion Receivers 364 9.5.2.1 Power-scaling Circuit Techniques 367 9.5.2.2 Experimental Results 368 9.5.3 Using Widely-programmable Gm-LC BP-ΣΔMs for RF Digitizers 368 9.5.3.1 Application Scenario 371 9.5.3.2 Gm-LC BP-ΣΔM High-level Sizing 371 9.5.3.3 BP CT-ΣΔM Loop-Filter Reconfiguration Techniques 375 9.5.3.4 Embedded 4-bit Quantizer with Calibration 378 9.5.3.5 Biasing, Digital Control Programmability and Testability 382 9.6 Summary 385 References 386 10 Frontiers, Trends and Challenges: Towards Next-generation 𝚺𝚫 Modulators 389 10.1 State-of-the-Art ADCs: Nyquist-rate versus ΣΔ Converters 390 10.1.1 Conversion Energy 391 10.1.2 Figures of Merit 392 10.2 Comparison of Different Categories of ΣΔ ADCs 393 10.2.1 Aperture Plot of ΣΔMs 406 10.2.2 Energy Plot of ΣΔMs 407 10.3 Empirical and Statistical Analysis of State-of-the-Art ΣΔMs 408 10.3.1 SC versus CT ΣΔMs 408 10.3.2 Technology used in State-of-the-Art ΣΔMs 410 10.3.3 Single-Loop versus Cascade ΣΔMs 410 10.3.4 Single-bit versus Multi-bit ΣΔMs 411 10.3.5 Low-pass versus Band-pass ΣΔMs 413 10.3.6 Emerging ΣΔM Techniques 415 10.4 Gigahertz-range ΣΔMs for RF-to-digital Conversion 415 10.5 Enhanced Cascade ΣΔMs 418 10.5.1 SMASH CT-ΣΔMs 418 10.5.2 Two-stage 0-L MASH 419 10.5.3 Stage-sharing Cascade ΣΔMs 420 10.5.4 Multi-rate and Hybrid CT/DT ΣΔMs 420 10.5.4.1 Upsampling Cascade MR-ΣΔMs 421 10.5.4.2 Downsampling Hybrid CT/DT Cascade MR-ΣΔMs 422 10.6 Power-efficient ΣΔM Loop-filter Techniques 423 10.6.1 Inverter-based ΣΔMs 423 10.6.2 Hybrid Active/Passive and Amplifier-less ΣΔMs 424 10.6.3 Power-efficient Amplifier Techniques 426 10.7 Hybrid ΣΔM/Nyquist-rate ADCs 428 10.7.1 Multi-bit ΣΔM Quantizers based on Nyquist-rate ADCs 428 10.7.2 Incremental ΣΔ ADCs 429 10.8 Time-based ΣΔ ADCs 431 10.8.1 ΣΔMs with VCO/PWM-based Quantization 432 10.8.2 Scaling-friendly Mostly-digital ΣΔMs 433 10.8.3 GRO-based ΣΔMs 434 10.9 DAC Techniques for High-performance CT-ΣΔMs 436 10.10 Classification of State-of-the-Art References 437 10.11 Summary and Conclusions 437 References 438 A State-space Analysis of Clock Jitter in CT-𝚺𝚫Ms 463 A.1 State-space Representation of NTF (z) 463 A.2 Expectation Value of (Δqn)2 465 A.3 In-band Noise Power due to Clock Jitter 466 References 467 B SIMSIDES User Guide 469 B.1 Getting Started: Installing and Running SIMSIDES 470 B.2 Building and Editing ΣΔM Architectures in SIMSIDES 470 B.3 Analyzing ΣΔMs in SIMSIDES 473 B.3.1 Node Spectrum Analysis 474 B.3.2 Integrated Power Noise 474 B.3.3 SNR/SNDR 475 B.3.4 Harmonic Distortion 475 B.3.5 Integral and Differential Non-Linearity 477 B.3.6 Multi-tone Power Ratio 477 B.3.7 Histogram 478 B.3.8 Parametric Analysis 478 B.3.9 Monte Carlo Analysis 479 B.4 Optimization Interface 480 B.5 Tutorial Example: Using SIMSIDES to Model and Analyze ΣΔMs 482 B.5.1 Creating the Cascade 2-1 ΣΔM Block Diagram in SIMSIDES 482 B.5.2 Setting Model Parameters 482 B.5.3 Computing the Output Spectrum 484 B.5.4 SNR versus Input Amplitude Level 486 B.5.5 Parametric Analysis Considering Only One Parameter 487 B.5.6 Parametric Analysis Considering Two Parameters 488 B.5.7 Computing Histograms 489 B.6 Getting Help 489 C SIMSIDES Block Libraries and Models 491 C.1 Overview of SIMSIDES Libraries 491 C.2 Ideal Libraries 492 C.2.1 Ideal Integrators 492 C.2.1.1 Building-block Model Purpose and Description 492 C.2.1.2 Model Parameters 493 C.2.2 Ideal Resonators 493 C.2.2.1 Ideal_LD_Resonator 493 C.2.2.2 Ideal_FE_Resonator 493 C.2.2.3 Ideal_CT_Resonator 493 C.2.3 Ideal Quantizers 494 C.2.3.1 Ideal_Comparator 494 C.2.3.2 Ideal_Comparator_for_SI 495 C.2.3.3 Ideal_Multibit_Quantizer 495 C.2.3.4 Ideal_Multibit_Quantizer_for_SI 496 C.2.3.5 Ideal_Multibit_Quantizer_levels 496 C.2.3.6 Ideal_Multibit_Quantizer_levels_SD2 496 C.2.3.7 Ideal_Sampler 496 C.2.4 Ideal D/A Converters 496 C.2.4.1 Ideal_DAC_for_SI 496 C.2.4.2 Ideal_DAC_dig_level_SD2 497 C.3 Real SC Building-Block Libraries 497 C.3.1 Real SC Integrators 497 C.3.2 Real SC Resonators 501 C.4 Real SI Building-Block Libraries 503 C.4.1 Real SI Integrators 503 C.4.2 Real SI Resonators 505 C.4.3 SI Errors and Model Parameters 506 C.4.3.1 Basic_SI_FE(LD)_Integrator and Basic_SI_FE(LD)_Resonator 506 C.4.3.2 SI_FE(LD)_Int_Finite_Conductance 507 C.4.3.3 SI_FE(LD)_Int_Finite_Conductance & Settling & ChargeInjection 508 C.5 Real CT Building-Block Libraries 508 C.5.1 Real CT Integrators 508 C.5.1.1 Model Parameters used in Transconductors and Gm-C Integrator Building Blocks 511 C.5.1.2 Gm-MC Integrators 511 C.5.1.3 Active-RC Integrators 512 C.5.1.4 MOSFET-C Integrators 513 C.5.2 Real CT Resonators 513 C.5.2.1 Gm-C Resonators 514 C.5.2.2 Gm-LC Resonators 517 C.6 Real Quantizers & Comparators 517 C.7 Real D/A Converters 518 C.8 Auxiliary Blocks 519 Index 523
£108.86
Schiffer Publishing Ltd Maritime Casualties Causes and Consequences
Book Synopsis
£28.79
Haynes Publishing Group John Deere SRS 850 950 1050
Book SynopsisSpecific Models Covered:Models 850, 950, 1050
£33.75
Crecy Publishing Typhoon IA IB Pilots Notes
Book Synopsis
£9.19
The Crowood Press Ltd Essential Study Guide to BHS Stage 1
Book SynopsisThis is the first volume in a series of course books for career students and exam candidates preparing for the Stage 1 exam of the British Horse Society.
£14.39
Pen & Sword Books Ltd The History of The Channel Tunnel: The Political,
Book SynopsisThe Channel Tunnel, has been one of histories most protracted and at times acrimonious, construction projects. From the paranoia of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, when there was a fear that foreign hordes would rush through the tunnel and invade Britain, to the lethargic attempts in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, its a miracle, that this great feat of Engineering, was ever constructed at all. Nicholas Faith, has delved into the archives and researched the fascinating truth about this project, that took so long to authorise and construct. The author has found material in the archives, both in Britain and abroad, that has not been previously published or seen, outside a closed group of people.
£18.75
David & Charles The Last Shelby Cobra: My Times with Carroll
Book SynopsisNow in Paperback! Carroll Shelby, legendary driving ace, race team owner, and designer of Shelby Cobra, Daytona, and Mustang GT350 classics is revered by automotive enthusiasts, yet little has been written about the last quarter century of Carroll Shelby’s life. During that time Chris Theodore, VP at Chrysler and Ford, developed a close personal friendship with Carroll. The Last Shelby Cobra chronicles the development of the many vehicles they worked on together (Viper, Ford GT, Shelby Cobra Concept, Shelby GR1, Shelby GT500 and others). It is an insider’s story about how Shelby came back to the Ford family, and the intrigue behind the five-year journey to get a Shelby badge on a Ford Production Vehicle. The author provides fresh insight and new stories into Shelby’s larger-than-life personality, energy, interests and the many unpublished projects Carroll was involved with, up to his passing. Finally, the book describes their unfinished project, the Super Snake II Cobra, and the serendipitous circumstances that allowed to the author to acquire ‘Daisy,’ the last Shelby Cobra. To his many fans, Carroll Shelby was truly ‘the most interesting man in the world.’Table of ContentsForward Prologue: Describes why I wrote this book Chapter 1: From Boyhood Hero to Automotive Legend • A summary of Shelby’s career • Criteria to become a legend • Why Carroll is one of the few who meets the criteria. Chapter 2: The Legend and a New Snake • First meeting Carroll • Carroll’s involvement with Chrysler • Shelby’s role in the development of the Dodge Viper Chapter 3: The Courtship of Carroll and Ford • The intriguing backstory behind reuniting Shelby and Ford Chapter 4: Project Petunia • 2005 Ford GT, Shelby’s first official role Chapter 5: Codename Daisy • Carroll’s involvement in “Daisy,” the Shelby Cobra Concept Chapter 6: Shelby GR1 • Carroll and the Shelby GR1, successor to the legendary Shelby Daytona. • The stillborn efforts to put Daisy and GR1 into production Chapter 7: Project Condor • How Shelby’s name finally appeared on a Ford product - the Shelby GT500 Chapter 8: Shelby GTs • The untold story of the ill-fated Shelby GT, a worthy successor to the Ford GT • How the Hertz Shelby Mustang GTH led to the introduction of the Ford Mustang Shelby GT Chapter 9: Super Snakes • Our efforts to create and Shelby Super Snake II Cobra • Shelby American’s introduction of the Super Snake Mustangs Chapter 10: Interesting Interests • In the midst of the “Great Recession,” I try to capture Carroll’s multi-faceted personality; his curiosity, interests, storytelling, humour, connections, temperament, stubbornness, vanity, charm, philanthropy, controversies, wisdom and friendship Chapter 11: Unfinished Business • The 2010 Shelby GT500 • Shelby GT350 • Progress on Super Snake II • Plans for a new line of Shelby Cobras and Daytonas • Carroll’s untimely death Chapter 12: Kismet • The Shelby Tribute • Shelby American’s ongoing operation • The serendipitous circumstances leading “Daisy,” the last Shelby Cobra coming home • Thanks to Carroll for the memories Epilogue • Lessons from Carroll • The future of “sport” cars Acknowledgments • Thanks to the many contributors who helped make this book possible, starting with Edsel Ford II Appendix: • Letter from Roy Lunn • Dan Gurney tribute speech • Project team members: Viper, Petunia, Daisy, GR1, GT500
£20.00
The University of Chicago Press The Other Dark Matter
Book SynopsisGrossly ambitious and rooted in scientific scholarship, The Other Dark Matter shows how human excrement can be a life-saving, money-making resource—if we make better use of it.Trade Review"A take on waste that's anything but wasteful—it's a fascinating dig into the history and science of handling human excrement. . . . Equally remarkable are Zeldovich's sections on the development and evolution of wastewater treatment plants. . . . Zeldovich is at home with an awkward subject, making for a grossly engrossing and vivid survey. Readers won't take the 'flush and forget' mindset for granted again." * Publishers Weekly *"Zeldovich is an engaging writer. She loves puns and poop jokes. (Who doesn't?) And her travels around the world are, in their own scatological way, inspiring." -- Elizabeth Kolbert * New York Review of Books *"[An] original, necessary book." * Nature *"It would be easy for a book that focuses on obstacles to improving global sanitation, fixing the agricultural waste cycle, reducing pollution, and improving health to resort to paralyzing gloom. The Other Dark Matter does not shy from the enormity of the problems, yet suggests solutions are achievable, at scales from individuals to entire countries. Paced quickly with prose enlivened by the author's on-location reporting and personal experiences, the book is far from a grim slog through the world's sewers—it's more like an exciting tour in a biogas-powered balloon." * Undark *"The Other Dark Matter does not shy from the enormity of the problems, yet suggests solutions are achievable, at scales from individuals to entire countries. Paced quickly with prose enlivened by the author's on-location reporting and personal experiences, the book is far from a grim slog through the world's sewers — it's more like an exciting tour in a biogas-powered balloon." * Salon *"It's unusual to come across a book that makes you say, 'Oh, crap!' in a good way." * American Scientist *“In bright and airy prose, she takes readers on a globe-spanning trip to sites where fecal material is reprocessed and figuratively turned into gold. . . . Readers should leave this book with a renewed interest in sustainable systems to manage what we normally put out of sight and out of mind." * Natural History *“It is unquestionably [a topic] that—given the ever-increasing human population belaboring the planet—merits our attention if we are, ecologically and sustainably speaking, to prevent finding ourselves collectively up a famous creek without a propulsion device. Ms. Zeldovich’s new book looks to be an excellent way to introduce ourselves to it.” * The Well-Read Naturalist *"Given the growing scale of public engagement in sanitation, there is a glut of books on the subject. Not all of them are readable, not all of them are well researched. This one is. It takes the technology questions further. It is an engaging read on a queasy topic" * Shaastra *"In writing a primer on poop and its possibilities, [Zeldovich] performs a much larger function: destigmatizing a vital biological product that has long gotten a bum rap." * Columbia Magazine *"Some of the ideas in [the book] really feel like they could change the world in a major way. . . . It's really excellent." * Across the Margin *"Even readers familiar with the history and ecology of waste management will not be disappointed. . . . As detailed as it is witty. . . . Given the growing scale of public engagement in sanitation, there is a glut of books on the subject. Not all of them are readable, not all of them are well researched. This one is. It takes the technology questions further. It is an engaging read on a queasy topic." * Shaastra *"This is some good shit, people. Not only entertaining, but deeply important. Everyone with a colon should read this book. Centuries back, people knew the value of shit. In countries with poor soil, human waste was like gold: people stole it, paid their rent with it, and gave it as gifts. Today, keeping it out of our waterways is our best hope for defusing what Zeldovich calls the Great Sewage Time Bomb. She is an ideal guide to this ridiculously fascinating world." -- Mary Roach, author of Stiff: The Curious Lives of Human Cadavers"Zeldovich shows to dazzling effect how a famously difficult subject—the often peculiar scientific history of human waste—can become an engrossing tale. The story is enlightening, surprising, occasionally enraging—and wholly worth your time." -- Deborah Blum, Pulitzer Prize–winning author of The Poison Squad"Zeldovich shows that excrement can be useful, profitable, and anything but waste, and does this with warmth, curiosity, and humor. This book is a great companion should you wish to journey to the rich and still underexposed world of shit (and you should)." -- Rose George, author of The Big Necessity: The Unmentionable World of Human Waste and Why It Matters"Here is an indispensable book about what we might call the Anthro-poo-cene. Humanity's current collision course with nature has everything to do with energy and how we abuse it—including the human waste products of our metabolic bodies. This lively and entertaining history is also full of innovative ways people are finally dealing with their you-know-what." -- Mary Ellen Hannibal, author of Citizen Scientist: Searching for Heroes and Hope in an Age of Extinction"Who knew our poop could be so fascinating and important? In her brilliantly reported and written new book, Zeldovich shows that now more than ever the health of humanity and the rest of nature depends on how we handle 'the other dark matter.'" -- John Horgan, author of Pay Attention: Sex, Death, and Science"An intriguing, compelling, very human story of how a valuable resource has been used and squandered, thrown away, and rediscovered. It is a story of the people who, against a background of mockery and disbelief, have developed creative, lucrative, and ecologically viable options for reframing what many have seen as a 'problem' of 'waste disposal' into an opportunity for innovative resource use. It will have wide appeal to all intelligent readers, both within and well beyond academia." -- David Waltner-Toews, author of The Origin of Feces: What Excrement Tells Us About Evolution, Ecology, and a Sustainable SocietyTable of ContentsPart 1: The History of Human Waste Chapter 1: How I Learned to Love the Excrement Chapter 2: The Early History of Human Excreta Chapter 3: Treasure Night Soil as if It Were Gold! Chapter 4: The Water Closet Dilemma and the Sewage Farm Paradigm Chapter 5: Germs, Fertilizer, and the Poop Police Part 2: The Present: A Sludge Revolution in Progress Chapter 6: The Great Sewage Time Bomb and the Redistribution of Nutrients on the Planet Chapter 7: Loowatt, a Loo That Turns Waste into Watts Chapter 8: The Crap That Cooks Your Dinner and Container-Based Sanitation Chapter 9: HomeBiogas: Your Personal Digester in a Box Chapter 10: Made in New York Chapter 11: Lystek, the Home of Sewage Smoothies Chapter 12: How DC Water Makes Biosolids BLOOM Chapter 13: From Biosolids to Biofuels Part 3: The Future of Medicine and Other Things Chapter 14: Poop: The Best (and Cheapest) Medicine Chapter 15: Looking where the Sun Doesn’t Shine Chapter 16: From the Kindness of One’s Gut: An Insider Look into Stool Banks Afterword: Breathing Poetry into Poop Notes Index
£23.00
