Scientific equipment, experiments and techniques Books

Book SynopsisThis book is a special edition, compiled for to the MSc Course Research Methodologies as taught at the Faculty of Aerospace Engineering at Delft University of Technology. It is a compilation of useful chapters from several sources on how to structure, set up, carry out and write up your (thesis) research to aid you in writing your research plan. Next to that it acts as a companion during your thesis research. After introducing you to the philosophy of scientific research, subsequent chapters each contribute to the different phases of your research. The book uniquely allows for the often multi- or interdisciplinary research many of you carry out, based on the established Dutch university tradition of (semi-)independent student research, creating a thread through the process for you to follow. This edition is a collection of chapters from An Introduction to Interdisciplinary Research (2016), edited by Steph Menken and Machiel Keestra, and Academic Skills for Interdisciplinary Studies. Revised edition (2019), by Koen van der Gaast, Laura Koenders and Ger Post, published by Amsterdam University Press.Table of ContentsPart 1 From ‘An Introduction to Interdisciplinary Research’ 1 Introduction 2 What is science? A brief philosophy of science 2.1 What is science? 2.2 Moving through the Science Cycle 4 Interdisciplinarity 7 The interdisciplinary research process 7.1 The IIS model of interdisciplinary research 7.2 Planning your research project 8 The problem Step 1 Identify problem or topic Step 2 Formulate preliminary research question 9 Theoretical framework and research question Step 3 Develop theoretical framework Step 4 Finalize research question Step 5 Formulate sub-questions 10 How to collect and analyze your data Step 6 Develop research methods and design Step 7 Data collection and analysis 11 Discussion and conclusion(s) Step 8 Interpret results, discuss research & draw conclusion(s) References Part 2 From ‘Academic Skills for Interdisciplinary Studies’ 1 Preparatory reading and searching 2 Gathering and organizing key information 3 Studying thoroughly and critically 4 From your topic to your question 5 Formulating a good question 6 A testable concept 7 Making a research instrument 8 Research practice 9 The structure of your article 10 Finishing your article: academic writing, titles, and abstracts 11 Citing sources and the bibliography 12 Preventing fraud and plagiarism Appendices Appendix A Sample literature review Appendix B Sample research article

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book discusses the various principles in confocal scanning microscopy which has become a useful tool in many practical fields including biological studies and industrial inspection. The methodology presented in this book is unique and is based on the concept of the three-dimensional transfer functions which have been developed by the author and his colleagues over the last five years. With the 3-D transfer functions, resolving power in 3-D confocal imaging can be defined in a unified way, different optical arrangements can be compared with an insight into their inter-relationship, and images of thick objects can be modeled in terms of the Fourier transform which makes the analysis easy. The aim of this book is to provide a systematic introduction to the concept of the 3-D transfer functions in various confocal microscopes, to describe the methods for the derivation of different 3-D transfer functions, and to explain the principles of 3-D confocal imaging in terms of these functions.Table of ContentsThree-dimensional Fourier optics of a thin lens; confocal bright-field microscopy with a point detector; confocal bright-field microscopy with a finite-sized detector; confocal single-photon fluorescence microscopy; confocal two-photon fluorescence microscopy; fibre-optical confocal microscopy; confocal microscopy under ultrashort pulse illumination; confocal microscopy with high-aperture objectives; significance of three-dimensional transfer functions.

Read more less

Book SynopsisFriction force microscopy is an important analytical tool in the field of tribology on the nanometer-scale. The contact area between the probing tip and the sample is reduced to some square nanometers, corresponding to the ideal of a single asperity contact. Traditional concepts, such as friction coefficients, adhesion and elasticity and stick-slip are re-examined with this novel technique. New concepts based upon classical and quantum mechanics are investigated.Table of ContentsPart 1 Instrumental aspects: deflection sensors; force sensors and probing tips; implementation into different environments; calibration procedures; force vs. distance curves; elasticity and adhesion measurements; determination of friction coefficients; 2-d histogram technique. Part 2 Theoretical concepts: forces, elasticity and adhesion; viscosity; Amontons laws; adhesion model; atomic-scale stick-slip. Part 3 Tribological experiments on the nanometer-scale: contrast mechanisms of friction force microscopy; lubrication studies by friction force microscopy; nanometer-scale modifications; wear mechanisms; conclusions and outlook.

Read more less

Book SynopsisModulation spectrometry of neutrons refers to a measuring principle, characterized by classification of neutron histories in a probabilistic way, not the usual deterministic way. In order to accomplish this, neutron beams entering the sample are modulated by high-transmission, white-beam selectors of the multislit type, such as Fourier or statistical choppers or high-frequency-modulated spin-flippers. In this scheme it is impossible to decide in a unique way through which particular slit any single neutron passed, but the distribution of histories for a large population of neutrons can nevertheless be correctly obtained, by classifying each conceivable history either as a high-probability or as a low-probability event, based on the actual observed state of the neutron selector. So far the principle has been successfully applied to powder diffraction, but it seems to offer extra degrees of freedom if applied to measuring dispersion curves of coherent excitations, such as phonons in single crystals.Table of ContentsHistorical review; statistical classification of modulation schemes; pulsed modulation; pseudorandom modulation; golay code modulation; Fourier modulation; reverse time-of-flight principle; powder diffraction application to crystallography; application to residual strain determination; prospects for spectroscopy of coherent excitations.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book is divided into two parts. In the first part we introduce the foundations of special relativity, such as, the inertial frame of reference, the definition of simulataneity, and Einstein's two basic hypotheses. We give the main relativistic effects, e.g. the relativity of simultaneity, velocity addition, length-contraction, the apparent shape of a moving body, time-dilation, Doppler effect, and the Thomas precession, In particular, the simultaneity problem and slow transport of clocks are investigated in detail by means of the test theories of special relativity. In the second part, variant types of experiments performed up to now are analyzed and compared to the predictions of special relativity. This shows that the experiments are a test of the two-way speed of light, but not of the one-way speed of light.Table of ContentsThe foundations of special relativity; relativistic kinematics; the test theories of special relativity; relativistic mechanics; electrodynamics in media; the proca vector field; test of constancy of velocity of light; tests of time dilation; electromagnetism tests; tests of relativistic mechanics; upper bounds on photon mass; tests of Thomas precession; appendix - Minkowvski space-time, four dimension formulation.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book deals with the subject of secondary energy spectroscopy in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SEM is a widely used research instrument for scientific and engineering research and its low energy scattered electrons, known as secondary electrons, are used mainly for the purpose of nanoscale topographic imaging. This book demonstrates the advantages of carrying out precision electron energy spectroscopy of its secondary electrons, in addition to them being used for imaging. The book will demonstrate how secondary electron energy spectroscopy can transform the SEM into a powerful analytical tool that can map valuable material science information to the nanoscale, superimposing it onto the instrument's normal topographic mode imaging. The book demonstrates how the SEM can then be used to quantify/identify materials, acquire bulk density of states information, capture dopant density distributions in semiconductor specimens, and map surface charge distributions.

Read more less

Book Synopsis'Although the study of such defects is regularly examined at length in more general books on electron microscopy, this text in which they are centre-stage will surely be appreciated.' [Read Full Review]UltramicroscopyThis unique reference text provides those who are studying crystal lattice defects using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) with a basic knowledge of transmission electron microscopy. As it has been written for beginners, the principles of both transmission electron microscopy and crystallography have been clearly and simply explained, with the use of many figures and photographs to aid understanding. Mathematics is avoided where possible, and problems and exercises are amply provided.

Read more less

Book SynopsisRelated Title: Laboratory Scientific Glassblowing: A Practical Training MethodThis book pushes back the boundaries of Scientific Glassblowing, emphasizing the possibilities of the material.In addition to the author's own chapters, he has invited Scientific Glassblowers from around the world to describe advanced glassblowing techniques in addition to the historical background of its development.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe first edition of this classic book has become the authoritative reference for physicists desiring to master the finer points of statistical data analysis. This second edition contains all the important material of the first, much of it unavailable from any other sources. In addition, many chapters have been updated with considerable new material, especially in areas concerning the theory and practice of confidence intervals, including the important Feldman-Cousins method. Both frequentist and Bayesian methodologies are presented, with a strong emphasis on techniques useful to physicists and other scientists in the interpretation of experimental data and comparison with scientific theories. This is a valuable textbook for advanced graduate students in the physical sciences as well as a reference for active researchers.Trade Review"I highly recommend that this book be kept on every desk -- for consultation when a question arises, for browsing when in the mood to learn something interesting, and for a straight read-though to get a grounding in the classical theory of statistics from an experimental physicist's perspective."CERN CourierTable of ContentsBasic Concepts in Probability; Convergence and the Law of Large Numbers; Probability Distributions; Information; Decision Theory; Theory of Estimators; Point Estimation in Practice; Interval Estimation; Test of Hypotheses; Goodness-of-Fit Tests.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe first edition of this classic book has become the authoritative reference for physicists desiring to master the finer points of statistical data analysis. This second edition contains all the important material of the first, much of it unavailable from any other sources. In addition, many chapters have been updated with considerable new material, especially in areas concerning the theory and practice of confidence intervals, including the important Feldman-Cousins method. Both frequentist and Bayesian methodologies are presented, with a strong emphasis on techniques useful to physicists and other scientists in the interpretation of experimental data and comparison with scientific theories. This is a valuable textbook for advanced graduate students in the physical sciences as well as a reference for active researchers.Trade Review"I highly recommend that this book be kept on every desk -- for consultation when a question arises, for browsing when in the mood to learn something interesting, and for a straight read-though to get a grounding in the classical theory of statistics from an experimental physicist's perspective."CERN CourierTable of ContentsBasic Concepts in Probability; Convergence and the Law of Large Numbers; Probability Distributions; Information; Decision Theory; Theory of Estimators; Point Estimation in Practice; Interval Estimation; Test of Hypotheses; Goodness-of-Fit Tests.

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn-situ high-resolution electron microscopy is a modern and powerful technique in materials research, physics, and chemistry. In-situ techniques are hardly treated in textbooks of electron microscopy. Thus, there is a need to collect the present knowledge about the techniques and achievements of in-situ electron microscopy in one book. Since high-resolution electron microscopes are available in most modern laboratories of materials science, more and more scientists or students are starting to work on this subject.In this comprehensive volume, the most important techniques and achievements of in-situ high-resolution electron microscopy will be reviewed by renowned experts. Applications in several fields of materials science will also be demonstrated.Table of ContentsEnvironmental Transmission and Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (R Sharma); In-Situ High-Resolution Observation of Solid-Solid, Solid-Liquid and Solid-Gas Reactions (H Saka); Atomic-Scale, In-Situ Studies of Solid-State Reactions (J L Hutchison); Functionality and Dynamical Properties of Metal Nanoclusters (J T M De Hosson & G Palasantzas); In-Situ HRTEM Studies of Interface Dynamics in Solid-Solid Phase Transformations in Metal Alloys (J M Howe); In-Situ TEM Analysis, Electrical Probing and Manipulation of Inorganic Nanotubes (D Golberg); In-Situ Ion and Electron Beam Effects on the Fabrication and Analysis of Materials (K Furuya); High-Voltage, Atomic-Resolution, In-Situ Electron Microscopy (F Phillipp); In-Situ TEM Observations of the Formation of Atomic Defects in Carbon Nanostructures (K Suenaga); Electron Irradiation of Nanomaterials (F Banhart).

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe book presents a clear and comprehensive review of the current status of the holographic microscopy with discussion of the positive and negative features of classical and holographic methods for solving the problem of three-dimesional (3D) imaging of phase microscopic objects. Classical and holographic methods of phase, interference and polarization contrast are discussed. Combination of the developed holographic methods with the methods of digital image processing allowed creating the digital holographic interference microscope (DHIM). The first 3D images of native phase microscopic objects such as blood cells were obtained using the DHIM. The results of DHIM application for study of blood erythrocytes, thin films, micro-crystals are presented.Table of ContentsHistory of Holographic Microscopy; Digital Holographic Interference Microscopy of the Biological Phase Microscopic Objects; Laser Holographic Microscopy of the Artificial Microscopic Objects; RBC Shape: Biophysical Mechanisms and Mathematical Models.

Read more less

Book SynopsisScanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) is the enabling tool for nano(bio)technology, which has opened new vistas in many interdisciplinary research areas. Concomitant with the developments in SPM instrumentation and techniques are new and previously unthought-of opportunities in materials nanofabrication and characterisation. In particular, the developments in addressing and manipulating matter at the level of single atoms or molecules, and studies of biological materials (e.g. live cells, or cell membranes) result in new and exciting discoveries.The rising importance of SPM demands a concise treatment in the form of a book which is accessible to interdisciplinary practitioners. This book highlights recent advances in the field of SPM with sufficient depth and breadth to provide an intellectually stimulating overview of the current state of the art. The book is based on a set of carefully selected original works from renowned contributors on topics that range from atom technology, scanning tunneling spectroscopy of self-assembled nanostructures, SPM probe fabrication, scanning force microscopy applications in biology and materials science down to the single molecule level, novel scanning probe techniques, and nanolithography.The variety of topics underlines the strong interdisciplinary character of SPM related research and the combined expertise of the contributors gives us a unique opportunity to discuss possible future trends in SPM related research. This makes the book not merely a collection of already published material but an enlightening insight into cutting edge research and global SPM research trends.Table of ContentsNanotip Technology for Scanning Probe Microscopy (M Rezeq & C Joachim); In-situ STM Studies of Molecular Self-Assembly on Surfaces (W Chen & A T S Wee); Ballistic Emission Microscopy on Hybrid Metal/Organic/Semiconductor Interfaces (C Troadec & K E J Goh); Force - Extension Behaviour of Single Polymer Chains by AFM (M I Giannotti et al.); Probing Human Disease States Using Atomic Force Microscopy (A Li & C T Lim); Conducting Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquids (N N Gosvami & S J O'Shea); Dynamic Force Microscopy in Liquid Media (W Hofbauer); Fabrication of Bio- and Nano-Patterns by Dip-Pen Nanolithography (Q-Y He et al.); Atomic Force Microscopy Based Nanooxidation (X N Xie et al.); Nanolithography of Organic Films Using Scanning Probe Microscopy (S Jegadesan et al.).

Read more less

Book SynopsisScience Sifting is designed primarily as a textbook for students interested in research and as a general reference book for existing career scientists. The aim of this book is to help budding scientists broaden their capacities to access and use information from diverse sources to the benefit of their research careers.The book describes why the capacity to access and integrate both linear and nonlinear information has been an important historic feature of pivotal scientific breakthroughs. Yet, it is a process that our students are rarely, if ever, taught in universities. This book goes beyond simply describing the features of great scientific breakthroughs. It discusses the basis for accessing and using nonlinear information in the linear research context. It also provides a series of tools and exercises that can be used to enhance access to nonlinear information for application to research and other endeavors.Topics covered include focal points in scientific breakthroughs, the use of concepts maps in research, use of different vantage points, information as patterns, fractals for the scientist, memory storage and access points, and synchronicities. Young researchers need useful tools to help with a more holistic approach to their research careers. This book provides the useful tools to support flexibility and creativity across a long-term research career.Roald Hoffmann — Winner of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Chemistry — has contributed the to Science Sifting. More information on Professor Hoffmann can be found at .Table of ContentsPreparing for a Fulfilling Research Career; Introduction to Working in Linearity and in Nonlinearity; A History of Nonlinear Scientific Advancement and Breakthroughs; Untapped Research Information; Information Terrains in Learning and Research; Using Fractals and Fractal Dimensions as a Viewfinder; Multiple Intelligences for Acquiring and Using Information; Synchronicities and Other Intersecting Patterns; A Career of Innovation and Inspiration.

Read more less

Book SynopsisScience Sifting is designed primarily as a textbook for students interested in research and as a general reference book for existing career scientists. The aim of this book is to help budding scientists broaden their capacities to access and use information from diverse sources to the benefit of their research careers.The book describes why the capacity to access and integrate both linear and nonlinear information has been an important historic feature of pivotal scientific breakthroughs. Yet, it is a process that our students are rarely, if ever, taught in universities. This book goes beyond simply describing the features of great scientific breakthroughs. It discusses the basis for accessing and using nonlinear information in the linear research context. It also provides a series of tools and exercises that can be used to enhance access to nonlinear information for application to research and other endeavors.Topics covered include focal points in scientific breakthroughs, the use of concepts maps in research, use of different vantage points, information as patterns, fractals for the scientist, memory storage and access points, and synchronicities. Young researchers need useful tools to help with a more holistic approach to their research careers. This book provides the useful tools to support flexibility and creativity across a long-term research career.Roald Hoffmann — Winner of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Chemistry — has contributed the to Science Sifting. More information on Professor Hoffmann can be found at .Table of ContentsPreparing for a Fulfilling Research Career; Introduction to Working in Linearity and in Nonlinearity; A History of Nonlinear Scientific Advancement and Breakthroughs; Untapped Research Information; Information Terrains in Learning and Research; Using Fractals and Fractal Dimensions as a Viewfinder; Multiple Intelligences for Acquiring and Using Information; Synchronicities and Other Intersecting Patterns; A Career of Innovation and Inspiration.

Read more less

Book SynopsisRecent developments in atomic force microscopy (AFM) have been accomplished through various technical and instrumental innovations, including high-resolution and recognition imaging technology under physiological conditions, fast-scanning AFM, and general methods for cantilever modification and force measurement. All these techniques are now highly powerful not only in material sciences but also in basic biological sciences. There are many nanotechnology books that focus on materials, instruments, and applications in engineering and medicine, but only a few of them are directed toward basic biological sciences. This book tries to bridge this gap.Edited by a prominent researcher, this volume provides an overview of modern AFM technologies: the basic AFM protocols in Part I, newly developed technologies in Part II, and the most recent applications of AFM technologies in biological sciences in Parts III and IV. The chapters are contributed by some of the leading scientists in the field of nanobiology.Trade Review"An outstanding review of the current AFM technology and a must-read for light microscopists interested in super-resolution approaches."Prof. Michael Tamkun, Colorado State University, USA"In the last decade, atomic force microscope (AFM) has developed as a tool for imaging the surface of biological samples and for measuring forces at the nanoscale level. Edited by Dr. Takeyasu, this book covers many topics from basic AFM protocols to specific ones that are essential to investigate ligand–receptor binding strength, motion, and dissociation dynamics. It also discusses newly developed technologies and provides new approaches to understand the molecular mechanisms in biological sciences."Prof. Juan C. Alonso, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CSIC), SpainTable of ContentsBasics for AFM. A Short Story of AFM in Biology. Protocols for Specimen and Substrate Preparation, and Data Correction Methods. Chemical Modification of AFM Probe and Coupling with Biomolecules. Single Molecule Dissection and Isolation Based on AFM Nano-Manipulations. Development of AFM Technology: Imaging Dynamics and Complexities. Structural Biology with Cryo AFM and Computational Modeling. Development of Non-Contact High-Resolution AFM and its Biological Applications. Development of Recognition Imaging – From Molecule to Cells. Development of High-Speed AFM and Its Biological Applications. Real-Time AFM Combined with an Inverted Optical Microscope for Wetcell/Tissue Imaging. Imaging Membranes, Proteins and DNA. AFM imaging of Cells (Fixed and Living) and of Particularcellular Organelles and Compartments. Determination of the Architecture of Multi-Subunit Proteins Using AFM Imaging. Capturing Membrane Proteins at Work. Enzymes and DNA: Molecular Motors in Action. Genome Folding Mechanisms in the Three Domains of Life Revealed by AFM Imaging. Imaging, Force Spectroscopy and Physiology. Membrane Dynamics: Lipid-Protein Interaction Studied by AFM. Nano Surgery and Cytoskeletal Mechanics of Single Cell. Functional Investigations on Nuclear Pores with Atomic Force Microscopy. Mechanotransduction: Probing its Mechanisms at the Nanoscale using the Atomic Force Microscope.

Read more less

Book SynopsisEfficiency and life time of solar cells, energy and power density of the batteries, and costs of the fuel cells alike cannot be improved unless the complex electronic, optoelectronic, and ionic mechanisms underpinning operation of these materials and devices are understood on the nanometer level of individual defects. Only by probing these phenomena locally can we hope to link materials structure and functionality, thus opening pathway for predictive modeling and synthesis. While structures of these materials are now accessible on length scales from macroscopic to atomic, their functionality has remained Terra Incognitae. In this volume, we provide a summary of recent advances in scanning probe microscopy studies of local functionality of energy materials and devices ranging from photovoltaics to batteries, fuel cells, and energy harvesting systems. Recently emergent SPM modes and combined SPM-electron microscopy approaches are also discussed. Contributions by internationally renowned leaders in the field describe the frontiers in this important field.Table of ContentsIntroduction: Local Probes in the Next Decade of Energy Research: Bridging Macroscopic and Atomic Worlds (D A Bonnell and S V Kalinin); Scanning Probes for Energy Harvesting Systems: Photovoltaics and Solar Cells: Electrical Scanning Probe Microscopy on Solar Cell Materials (R Giridharagopal, G E Rayermann and D S Ginger); Organic Solar Cell Materials and Devices Characterized by Conductive and Photoconductive Atomic Force Microscopy (X-D Dang, M Guide and T-Q Nguyen); Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy for Solar Cell Applications (T Glatzel); Reversible Rectification in Sub-Monolayer Molecular P-N Junctions: Towards Nanoscale Photovoltaic Studies (J A Smerdon, N C Giebink and J R Guest); Study of Photoinduced Charges with Atomic Force Microscopy (M Dokukin, N Guz and I Sokolov); Imaging of Nanoscale Photogenerated Charge Transport in Organic Photovoltaic Materials (B Hamadani, P M Haney and N B Zhitenev); Photoassisted Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy for Characterization of Solar Cell Materials (T Takahashi); Scanning Probes for Fuel Cells and Local Electrochemistry: Electrochemical Strain Microscopy of Oxygen-Ion Conductors: Fuel Cells and Oxide Electronics (A Kumar, S Jesse, S V Kalinin, F Ciucci and A Morozovska); Ion Dynamics in Nanoscopic Subvolumes of Solid Electrolytes Analysed by Electrostatic Force Spectroscopy (A Schirmeisen and B Roling); Nanoscale Electrochemistry in Energy Related Systems Using Atomic Force Microscopy (W Lee, M H Lee, R P O'Hayre and F B Prinz); Scanning Probe Microscopy of Fuel Cell Materials Under Realistic Operating Conditions (S S Nonnenmann and D A Bonnell); Scanning Probe Microscopy of Energy Storage Materials and Devices: In situ SPM Analysis of Interfacial Phenomena in Lithium-Ion Batteries (M Inaba, S-K Jeong and Z Ogumi); Conducting-Probe Atomic Force Microscopy of Electrochemical Interfaces (P A Veneman and K J Stevenson); Electrochemical Strain Microscopy of Li-ion and Li-air Battery Materials (T M Arruda, N Balke, S Jesse and S V Kalinin); Emerging Scanning Probe Techniques: High Sensitivity Scanning Impedance Microscopy and Spectroscopy (S S Nonnenmann, X Chen and D A Bonnell); Scanning Microwave Microscopy: Advances in Quantitative Capacitance and Carrier Density Measurements at the Nanometer Scale (S Wu, F Kienberger and H Tanbakuchi); Mapping Electrochemistry at the Micro and Nanoscales with Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy (C Laslau, D E Williams and J Travas-Sejdic); Force Microscopy, Nanochemistry and Nanofabrication (R Garcia, M Chiesa and Y K Ryu); Studying the Mechanism of Piezoelectric Nanogenerators (J Song and Z L Wang).

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe concept of improving the use of electromagnetic energy to achieve a variety of qualitative and quantitative spectroscopic measurements on solid and liquid materials has been proliferating at a rapid rate. The use of such technologies to measure chemical composition, appearance, for classification, and to achieve detailed understanding of material interactions has prompted a dramatic expansion in the use and development of spectroscopic techniques over a variety of academic and commercial fields.The Concise Handbook of Analytical Spectroscopy is integrated into 5 volumes, each covering the theory, instrumentation, sampling methods, experimental design, and data analysis techniques, as well as essential reference tables, figures, and spectra for each spectroscopic region. The detailed practical aspects of applying spectroscopic tools for many of the most exciting and current applications are covered. Featured applications include: medical, biomedical, optical, physics, common commercial analysis methods, spectroscopic quantitative and qualitative techniques, and advanced methods.This multi-volume handbook is designed specifically as a reference tool for students, commercial development and quality scientists, and researchers or technologists in a variety of measurement endeavours.Number of Illustrations and Tables: 393 b/w illus., 304 colour illus, 413 tables.Related Link(s)

Read more less

Book SynopsisProceedings of the 51st Course of the International School of Subnuclear Physics on 'Reflections on the next step for LHC', Erice, 24 June - 3 July 2013.Table of ContentsHot Theoretical Topics: Mass Hierarchy and Physics Beyond the Standard Model (I Antoniadis); Status of the Perturbative Approach to Supergravity (Z Bern); The Pedagogic Higgs - or Somebody's - Boson (F Close); Magic Supergravity from Squaring Yang Mills (M J Duff); Electric-Magnetic Duality and Supersymmetry (S Ferrara); Composite Weak Bosons at the LHC (H Fritzsch); Gauge Forces: From QCD to Quantum Gravity (L N Lipatov); Embedding Oscillatory Modes of Quarks for Baryons in QCD (P Minkowsky); Inflation and Quantum Origin of Structure in the Universe (V Mukhanov); No-Scale Supergravity in the Light of LHC and Planck (D V Nanopoulos); New Symmetries of N=4 Supersymmetric Gauge Theories (E Sokatchev); Three Erice Lectures (G 't Hooft); Hot Experimental Topics: Highlights from ATLAS - ALICE - CMS (S Bertolucci); Status of the Gran Sasso Laboratory (F Ferroni); Highlights from ALICE (P Giubellino); Planck Highlights (A Riazuelo); Latest Results from BNL and RHIC (M J Tannenbaum); Seminars On Specialized Topics: Status of the Three Neutrinos (A Bettini); What is the Ontological Status of the Higgs Particle? (T Y Cao); Roadmap at the LHC to the Higgs Boson and Beyond (P Jenni); New Spectroscopy with Charm and Beauty Multiquarks States (L Majani); Present Status of the EMC effect (K Rith); Reflections on the next Step for LHC (H Wenninger); The Problem of (CPT) Invariance in Experimental Physics and the Time of Flight (TOF) World Record (A Zichichi); Advances in Fast Timing up to 16 ps (K Doroud, M C S Williams, A Zichichi);

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe production and the properties of nuclei in extreme conditions, such as high isospin, temperature, angular momenta, large deformations etc., have become the subject of detailed investigations in all scientific centers. The main topics discussed at the Symposium were: Synthesis and Properties of Exotic Nuclei; Superheavy Elements; Rare Processes, Nuclear Reactions, Fission and Decays; Experimental Facilities and Scientific Projects.This book provides a comprehensive overview of the newest results of the investigations in the main scientific centers such as GSI (Darmstadt, Germany), GANIL (Caen, France), RIKEN (Wako-shi, Japan), MSU (Michigan, USA), and JINR (Dubna, Russia).Table of ContentsLight Exotic Nucley and Nuclear Structure: Few-Body Models of Light Nuclei (S N Ershov, J S Vaagen and M V Zhukov); Momentum Distributions in Stripping Reactions of Halo Nuclei on Light Targets (V E Pafomov, V A Sergeev and V P Zavarzina); Sub-Barrier Fusion: Does Rearrangement of Neutrons Play a Role? (A V Karpov, V A Rachkov, A Adel, A S. Denikin and V I Zagrebaev); Influence of Heavy Targets and Compound Nuclei on Fusion Excitation Function Mechanism (A A Hassan and Abdulla A Zahrani); Superheavy Elements: Synthesis and Properties: Outstanding Problems of Nuclear Physics (W Greiner); Exotic Nuclei and Matter in a Chirally Effective Approach (S Schramm); Chemical Pseudo-Homologues of Superheavy Element (Yu A Demidov and A Zaitsevskii); Possibility of Synthesizing a Superheavy Nucleus at the Center of Island of Stability (Y Aritomo); Nuclear Reactions, Fission and Decay: Rare Processes: Dynamical Aspects of Quasifission Process in Heavy-Ion-Induced Reactions (G N Knyazheva, I M Itkis and E M Kozulin); Study of Shape Isomeric States in Fission Fragments (Yu V Pyatkov, D V Kamanin, A A Alexandrov, I A Alexandrova, N A Kondtatyev, E A Kuznetsova, A O Strekalovsky, O V Strekalovsky, V E Zhuchko and N Mkaza); A Non-Equilibrium Equation of State in Heavy-Ion Collisions at Intermediate Energies (A T D'yachenko, K A Gridnev, I A Mitropolsky and W Greiner); The Twin Exotic Quasiparticles (V A Skvortsov and N I Vogel); Scientific Projects & Experimental Set-Up : Riken RI Beam Factory, Harvest Time (H En'yo); The Alto Facility (F Ibrahim, F Azaiez, S Essabaa, D Verney, M Cheikh Mhamed, S Franchoo, C Lau, R Li, B Roussiere, A Said, S Tusseau-Nenez, D Testov, Yu Penionzhkevich, V Smirnov and E Sokol); Status of Acculinna-2 Project (L Grigorenko, A Fomichev and S Krupko); Magnetic Analyzer MAVR for Study Exotic Weakly Bound Nuclei (V A Maslov, V I Kazacha, I V Kolesov, S M Lukyanov, V N Melnikov, N F Osipov, Yu E Penionzhkevich, N K Skobelev, Yu G Sobolev, E I Voskoboinik); and other papers;

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less