Oceanography (seas and oceans) Books
Harvard University Press Neptunes Laboratory
Book SynopsisWe have long been fascinated with the oceans and sought “to pierce the profundity” of their depths. But the history of marine science also tells us a lot about ourselves. Antony Adler explores the ways in which scientists, politicians, and the public have invoked ocean environments in imagining the fate of humanity and of the planet.Trade ReviewIn his entertaining, readable history of marine science, [Adler] shows how humanity’s fundamental ignorance about the sea has often fed fantastical ideas of it as savior, battlefield, playground, storehouse, angry beast or hapless victim…Left me with a sense of urgency about the ocean’s perilous state…Enlightening. -- Boris Worm * Nature *The best narrative of oceanography’s history that I have ever read, Neptune’s Laboratory elucidates humanity’s relationship with the ocean. Compelling, imaginative, and exceptionally well researched, this book will make a difference in the world by offering insight into the fears and fantasies that forged our understandings of the ocean in the past and how, against mounting environmental challenges, they continue to shape our courses of action. -- Helen Rozwadowski, author of Vast Expanses: A History of the OceansA social and cultural history of how Western societies have, over the last two hundred years, conceptualized the oceans as a place that can be scientifically understood…Thoughtful and well conceived. It communicates a changing understanding and imagining of the oceans… While of obvious interest to scholars of the ‘oceanic turn,’ it should also find a much broader audience among those interested in how the public interacts with science and with the environment, and how these interests feed and are fed by political goals and fears. -- Penelope K. Hardy * British Journal for the History of Science *Neptune’s Laboratory is a major accomplishment. Adler contributes penetrating new insights into marine research and technology from the last two centuries, and examines how that scholarship has shaped scientists’ hopes and fears for the future. The result is a sophisticated, evocative, and highly original approach to subject matter that challenges easy analysis. -- Eric Mills, author of The Fluid Envelope of Our Planet: How the Study of Ocean Currents Became a ScienceThis book presents a remarkable account of the imagined futures that scientists, politicians, explorers, and mariners built around marine environments over two centuries. Taking us through the history of marine sciences from the nineteenth century to the present, Adler argues for a picture of oceanography that takes seriously practice, context, and a profound human engagement with the oceans. Neptune’s Laboratory will appeal to anyone interested in the history of the future. -- Simon Werrett, author of Thrifty Science: Making the Most of Materials in the History of ExperimentAn engaging new book about the history of humanity’s relationship with, and improving understanding of, the ocean…Neptune’s Laboratory is not only about the history of modern marine science but also about how we perceive the ocean—and how that perception has changed over time. -- David Shiffman * Issues in Science and Technology *
£32.36
Princeton University Press Fundamentals of Ocean Climate Models
Book SynopsisThis book sets forth the physical, mathematical, and numerical foundations of computer models used to understand and predict the global ocean climate system. Aimed at students and researchers of ocean and climate science who seek to understand the physical content of ocean model equations and numerical methods for their solution, it is largely general in formulation and employs modern mathematical techniques. It also highlights certain areas of cutting-edge research. Stephen Griffies presents material that spans a broad spectrum of issues critical for modern ocean climate models. Topics are organized into parts consisting of related chapters, with each part largely self-contained. Early chapters focus on the basic equations arising from classical mechanics and thermodynamics used to rationalize ocean fluid dynamics. These equations are then cast into a form appropriate for numerical models of finite grid resolution. Basic discretization methods are described for commonlTrade Review"Stephen Griffie's book ... will be found open on the desks of those who develop ocean models for years to come... This is a unique and useful work."--Matthew Hecht, Bulletin of the American Meteorological SocietyTable of ContentsFOREWORD XIII PREFACE XV ACKNOWLEDGMENTS XXV ABOUT THE COVER XXVII LIST OF SYMBOLS XXIX Chapter 1. OCEAN CLIMATE MODELS 1 1.1 Ocean models as tools for ocean science 1 1.2 Ocean climate models 2 1.3 Challenges of climate change 3 PART 1. FUNDAMENTAL OCEAN EQUATIONS 5 Chapter 2. BASICS OF OCEAN FLUID MECHANICS 7 2.1 Some fundamental ocean processes 7 2.2 The continuum hypothesis 9 2.3 Kinematics of fluid motion 10 2.4 Kinematical and dynamical approximations 16 2.5 Averaging over scales and realizations 20 2.6 Numerical discretization 21 2.7 Chapter summary 22 Chapter 3. KINEMATICS 24 3.1 Introduction 24 3.2 Mathematical preliminaries 24 3.3 The divergence theorem and budget analyses 29 3.4 Volume and mass conserving kinematics 31 3.5 Chapter summary 40 Chapter 4. DYNAMICS 42 4.1 Introduction 42 4.2 Motion on a rotating sphere 43 4.3 Principles of continuum dynamics 47 4.4 Dynamics of fluid parcels 51 4.5 Hydrostatic pressure 56 4.6 Dynamics of hydrostatic fluid columns 58 4.7 Fluid motion in a rapidly rotating system 62 4.8 Vertical stratification 68 4.9 Vorticity and potential vorticity 70 4.10 Particle dynamics on a rotating sphere 75 4.11 Symmetry and conservation laws 80 4.12 Chapter summary 83 Chapter 5. THERMO-HYDRODYNAMICS 87 5.1 General types of ocean tracers 87 5.2 Basic equilibrium thermodynamics 91 5.3 Energy of a fluid parcel 95 5.4 Global mechanical energy balance 105 5.5 Basic non-equilibrium thermodynamics 110 5.6 Thermodynamical tracers 111 5.7 Ocean density 114 5.8 Chapter summary 118 Chapter 6. GENERALIZED VERTICAL COORDINATES 121 6.1 Introduction 121 6.2 Concerning the choice of vertical coordinate 122 6.3 Generalized surfaces 128 6.4 Local orthonormal coordinates 130 6.5 Mathematics of generalized vertical coordinates 131 6.6 Metric tensors 136 6.7 The dia-surface velocity component 138 6.8 Conservation of mass and volume for parcels 141 6.9 Kinematic boundary conditions 143 6.10 Primitive equations 145 6.11 Transformation of SGS tracer flux components 147 6.12 Chapter summary 149 PART 2. AVERAGED DESCRIPTIONS 153 Chapter 7. CONCERNI NG UNRESOLVED PHYSICS 155 7.1 Represented dynamics and parameterized physics 155 7.2 Lateral (neutral) and vertical processes 157 7.3 Basic mechanisms for dianeutral transport 159 7.4 Dianeutral transport in models 161 7.5 Numerically induced spurious dianeutral transport 166 7.6 Chapter summary 167 Chapter 8. EULERIAN AVERAGED EQUATIONS 169 8.1 Introduction 169 8.2 The nonhydrostatic shallow ocean equations 171 8.3 Averaged kinematics 173 8.4 Averaged kinematics over finite domains 174 8.5 Averaged tracer 179 8.6 Averaged momentum budget 182 8.7 Summary of the Eulerian averaged equations 183 8.8 Mapping to ocean model variables 185 8.9 Chapter summary 187 Chapter 9. KINEMATICS OF AN ISENTROPIC ENSEMBLE 189 9.1 Parameterizing mesoscale eddies 189 9.2 Advection and skewsion 191 9.3 Volume conservation 194 9.4 Ensemble mean tracer equation 203 9.5 Quasi-Stokes transport in z-models 206 9.6 Chapter summary 212 PART 3. SEMI-DISCRETE EQUATIONS AND ALGORITHMS 215 Chapter 10. DISCRETIZATION BASICS 217 10.1 Discretization methods 217 10.2 An introduction to Arakawa grids 218 10.3 Time stepping 219 10.4 Chapter summary 221 Chapter 11. MASS AND TRACER BUDGETS 222 11.1 Summary of the continuous model equations 222 11.2 Tracer and mass/volume compatibility 223 11.3 Mass budget for a grid cell 223 11.4 Mass budget for a discrete fluid column 227 11.5 Tracer budget for a grid cell 228 11.6 Fluxes for turbulence mixed layer schemes 232 11.7 Flux plus restore boundary conditions 233 11.8 Z-like vertical coordinate models 234 11.9 Chapter summary 235 Chapter 12. ALGORITHMS FOR HYDROSTATIC OCEAN MODELS 237 12.1 Summary of the continuous model equations 237 12.2 Budget of linear momentum for a grid cell 238 12.3 Strategies for time stepping momentum 244 12.4 A leap-frog algorithm 248 12.5 Discretization of time tendencies 251 12.6 A time staggered algorithm 258 12.7 Barotropic updates with a predictor-corrector 262 12.8 Stability considerations 265 12.9 Smoothing the surface height in B-grid models 277 12.10 Rigid lid streamfunction method 278 12.11 Chapter summary 280 PART 4. NEUTRAL PHYSICS 281 Chapter 13. BASICS OF NEUTRAL PHYSICS 283 13.1 Concerning the utility of neutral physics 283 13.2 Notation and summary of scalar budgets 286 13.3 Compatibility in the mean field budgets 287 13.4 The SGS tracer transport tensor 288 13.5 Advection and skewsion 290 13.6 Neutral tracer fluxes 291 13.7 Chapter summary and a caveat on the conjecture 294 Chapter 14. NEUTRAL TRANSPORT OPERATORS 296 14.1 Neutral diffusion 296 14.2 Gent-McWilliams stirring 304 14.3 Summarizing the neutral physics fluxes 308 14.4 Flow-dependent diffusivities 309 14.5 Biharmonic operators 317 14.6 Chapter summary and some challenges 326 Chapter 15. NEUTRAL PHYSICS NEAR THE SURFACE BOUNDARY 328 15.1 Linear stability for neutral diffusion 328 15.2 Linear stability for GM stirring 332 15.3 Neutral physics near boundaries 333 15.4 Chapter summary and caveats 343 Chapter 16. FUNCTIONAL DISCRETIZATION OF NEUTRAL PHYSICS 345 16.1 Foundations for discrete neutral physics 345 16.2 Introduction to the discretization 350 16.3 A one-dimensional warm-up 352 16.4 Elements of the discrete dissipation functional 354 16.5 Triad stencils and some more notation 361 16.6 The discrete diffusion operator 363 16.7 Diffusive flux components 367 16.8 Further issues of numerical implementation 371 16.9 Chapter summary 374 PART 5. HORIZONTAL FRICTION 377 Chapter 17. HORIZONTAL FRICTION IN MODELS 379 17.1 Boussinesq and non-Boussinesq friction 379 17.2 Introduction and general framework 379 17.3 Properties of the stress tensor 380 17.4 Properties of the viscosity tensor 387 17.5 Transverse isotropy 389 17.6 Transverse anisotropy 393 17.7 Generalized orthogonal coordinates 396 17.8 Dissipation functional 398 17.9 Biharmonic friction 402 17.10 Some mathematical details 404 17.11 Chapter summary 407 Chapter 18. CHOOSING THE HORIZONTAL VISCOSITY 409 18.1 Stability and resolution considerations 409 18.2 Comparing Laplacian and biharmonic mixing 415 18.3 Smagorinsky viscosity 416 18.4 Background viscosity 420 18.5 Viscosities for anisotropic friction 421 18.6 Chapter summary 422 Chapter 19. FUNCTIONAL DISCRETIZATION OF FRICTION 424 19.1 Comments on notation 424 19.2 Summary of the various formulations 425 19.3 Horizontal friction discretization 426 19.4 Laplacian plus metric form of isotropic friction 436 19.5 Chapter summary 439 PART 6. TENSOR ANALYSIS 441 Chapter 20. ELEMENTARY TENSOR ANALYSIS 443 20.1 Introduction 443 20.2 Some practical motivation 444 20.3 Coordinates and vectors 446 20.4 The metric and coordinate transformations 448 20.5 Transformations of a vector 451 20.6 One-forms 452 20.7 Mapping between vectors and one-forms 454 20.8 Transformation of a one-form 454 20.9 Arbitrary tensors and their transformations 455 20.10 Tensorial properties of the gradient operator 456 20.11 The invariant volume element 457 20.12 Determinants and the Levi-Civita symbol 459 20.13 Surfaces embedded in Euclidean space 461 20.14 Chapter summary 464 Chapter 21. CALCULUS ON CURVED MANIFOLDS 466 21.1 Fundamental character of tensor equations 466 21.2 Covariant differentiation 468 21.3 Covariant derivative of a second order tensor 470 21.4 Christoffel symbols in terms of the metric 471 21.5 Covariant divergence of a vector 471 21.6 Covariant divergence of a second order tensor 472 21.7 Covariant Laplacian of a scalar 473 21.8 Covariant curl of a vector 473 21.9 Covariant Laplacian of a vector 473 21.10 Integral theorems 474 21.11 Orthogonal curvilinear coordinates 474 21.12 Summary of curvilinear tensor analysis 481 PART 7. EPILOGUE 487 Chapter 22. SOME CLOSING COMMENTS AND CHALLENGES 489 BIBLIOGRAPHY 493 Index 511
£92.65
Princeton University Press Our Affair With El Nino
Book SynopsisUntil 1997, few people had heard of the seasonal current that Peruvians nicknamed El Nino. This book discusses the scientific, political, economic and cultural developments that shaped our perceptions of this force of nature. It outlines the history of El Nino, an innocuous current that appears off the coast of Peru around Christmas time.Trade Review"George Philander provides [an understanding of El Nino] simply and authoritatively. He does so, not by losing the reader in elaborate descriptions of data acquisition and mathematical modeling, but by the apt use of analogies drawn from the viewpoints of the poet, musician and painter."--Richard Shelton, Times Literary Supplement "Our Affair with El Nino is a very readable, entertaining and instructive book that will appeal to scientists and non-scientists alike... [Philander] writes with the enthusiasm of an eye-witness and the authority of an expert. The book skillfully weaves together descriptions of El Nino physics, the historical backdrop that led to widespread interest in El Nino, and the philosophical perspectives on the role of scientific research in addressing present-day environmental problems."--Michael J. McPhaden, Nature "[Philander] presents the current scientific understanding of El Nino concisely, explaining the details of circulation in the ocean and atmosphere with lucid analogies and thoughtful examples. He describes the broad outlines of how this understanding emerged, piecemeal, along complex and tangled paths. It is as a work in the history of science that the book makes its greatest contributions."--Benjamin S. Orlove, American ScientistTable of ContentsACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix PROLOGUE: Assessing Our Affair as It Approaches a Critical Juncture 1 PART 1: WHO IS EL NINO? 1 A Mercurial Character 11 2 A Fallen Angel? 28 3 A Construct of Ours 34 4 A Matchmaker 40 PART 2: OUR DILEMMA 5 Two Incompatible Cultures 65 6 "Small" Science versus "Big" Science 81 PART 3: COMMON GROUND 7 The Perspective of a Painter 93 8 The Perspective of a Poet 118 9 The Perspective of a Musician 129 10 A Marriage of the "Hard" and "Soft" Sciences 139 11 The Cloud 151 PART 4: A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE SCIENCE 12 Predicting the Weather 161 13 Investigating the Atmospheric Circulation 177 14 Exploring the Oceans 189 15 Reconciling Divergent Perspectives on El Nino 213 16 Taking a Long-Term Geological View 227 PART 5: COPING WITH HAZARDS 17 Famines in India 237 18 Fisheries of Peru 240 19 Droughts in Zimbabwe 244 EPILOGUE: Becoming Custodians of Planet Earth 251 NOTES AND REFERENCES 259 INDEX 273
£31.50
Princeton University Press The Great Ocean Conveyor
Book SynopsisWhat were the repercussions of past climate shifts? How do we know such shifts occurred? This book shows how Earth scientists study ancient ice cores and marine sediments to probe Earth's distant past, and how they blend scientific detective work with the technological advances to try to predict the future.Trade Review"Wally Broecker is one of the great pioneers of paleoclimatology, the study of past climate changes in Earth's history. He introduced the term global warming and, in the 1980s, proposed the global ocean-circulating system, which he dubbed the Great Ocean Conveyor... In The Great Ocean Conveyor, Broecker offers a history of his thinking on the topic. Relating his breakthroughs and setbacks, he portrays science as a 'continual struggle to understand more fully and more accurately how the world really works.'"--Nature "As U.S. climate scientist Wally Broecker ... discovered, the planet's climate has abruptly flip-flopped many times. The culprit is the Great Ocean Conveyor, a planet-wide system of ocean currents known to the cognoscenti as the thermohaline circulation. [I]t's an entertaining personal tale of pulling the scientific pieces together."--Leigh Dayton, Australian "In his latest book, prolific author and noted scientist Broecker investigates how the ocean's vast network of currents drives abrupt climate change. The author explores the science behind ocean current models such as the Great Ocean Conveyor Belt as a trigger to explain the mystery of the Earth's intermittent pattern of global ice ages... Anyone who has walked on a beach, thrown a snowball, or flown over the ocean will be fascinated by this excellent book geared to undergraduate scientists and the general public."--Choice "I strongly recommend the book to all the students interested in climate change but also to active researchers... One of the biggest advantages for young researchers may be to find in Broecker's book not only answers but also clear statements about important open questions. They may serve in my opinion as a good guide stimulating future research."--Witold Szczucinski, Geologos "This is an outstanding lesson of how things in the scientific community should be! Broecker's book is recommended as a must read for professionals and graduate students specialized in the late Cenozoic palaeoclimatology and palaeoceanography."--Dmitry A. Ruban, Zentralblatt fur Geologie und PalaontologieTable of ContentsPreface vii Chapter 1 . The Setting 1 Chapter 2 . A Surprise 19 Chapter 3 . The Villain 35 Chapter 4 . Puzzles 51 Chapter 5 . Hot Clues 66 Chapter 6 . The Solution 77 Chapter 7 . A Confirmation 88 Chapter 8 . The Last Hurrah 102 Chapter 9 . Holocene Wobbles 113 Chapter 10 . The Anthropocene 126 Glossary 139 Figure Credits 145 Supplementary Readings 147 Index 149
£999.99
Princeton University Press The Eternal Darkness
Book Synopsis"Featuring a new preface by the author."Trade ReviewWinner of the Commonwealth Award for Science and Invention, Sigma Xi Commonwealth Award for Science and Invention, Sigma Xi Association of American Publishers Award for Best Professional/Scholarly Book in Geography and Earth Sciences Honorable Mention for the 2000 Award for Best Professional/Scholarly Book in Geography and Earth Sciences, Association of American Publishers "A straightforward look at a complicated business that shows again not just that exploration is worth doing but that even at home here on earth it is far from over."--Michael Parfit, New York Times Book Review "An excellent book... It is impossible to put down."--Richard Shelton, Times Literary Supplement "The man who found the Titanic, discovered black smokers on the sea floor, and first ventured into the mid-Atlantic ridge tells the story of deep-sea exploration... Scores of photographs highlight the steadily absorbing text; together, words and pictures present a vital and authoritative general history of humanity's adventures deep beneath the waves."--Publishers Weekly "Drawing from the expertise gained during his more than one hundred trips into the abyss, Ballard highlights historical and scientific events that he and Hively weave into a series of scintillating tales."--Loretta DiPietro, Scientific American "Cool technology meets personal obsession in this history that's also a memoir by the discoverer of the wreck of the Titanic. Break out the bathospheres, the minisubs and the ROVs (Remote Operated Vehicles); it's time to take the plunge and see what's Down There."--Washington Post Book World "This book takes the reader into the deep-sea realm along the discovery paths of famous deep-sea explorers as chronicled by the preeminent explorer of our time. Ballard's book will leave readers enlightened and concerned about the expanding role the oceans are playing as the future evolves."--Choice "Pitched to the lay reader, Ballard's The Eternal Darkness is engaging, sometimes thrilling and always authentic... Ballard was also involved in the 1985 discovery of the Titanic, and his account of the sleuthing that went into the hunt makes for terrific reading."--Dennis Drabelle, Washington Post Book World "An informative and interesting book written with authority on a fascinating subject."--Daniel Lenihan, Naval History "A remarkable story of science and adventure, as fascinating as the exploration of space and the landing on the moon."--American Way (Airline Magazine) "The Eternal Darkness is a highly readable book... I am always on the lookout for books that will motivate and enthuse potential and present students. The Eternal Darkness will become a firm favourite on that list, as Ballard shows what can be achieved by hard work, determination and unbounded enthusiasm."--Paul Tyler, New Scientist "Doing science is exciting! This is the main message of Ballard's fascinating combination memoir and history of deep ocean science."--Library Journal "Titanic discoverer Ballard ... handily summarizes a technology unfamiliar to many readers. Ballard has published popular books about his recovery of other famous sunken ships besides the movie's namesake, which adds cachet to this more scholarly work."--Booklist "Dr. Ballard is a passionate advocate of deep-sea exploration, pointing out that all such expeditions so far undertaken have probably surveyed less than 1 percent of the sea floor... One can hardly disagree with Dr. Ballard's proposal that we should expand that 1 percent."--Phoebe-Lou Adams, Atlantic MonthlyTable of ContentsPreface to the 2017 Edition vii Acknowledgments xv Introduction 3 I Depth 1 A Simple Tethered Sphere 13 2 Bathyscaphs Race to the Bottom 33 3 The Tragic Dawn of the Modern Deep Submersible 58 II Discovery 4 Scientists Begin Exploring the Deep 93 5 The Midocean Ridge:Womb of the Earth 117 6 Hydrothermal Vents: Exotic Oases 157 7 Black Smokers: Recipe for a Salty Ocean 187 III Detachment 8 A Tethered Eyeball Races to Find the Titanic 217 9 Recovering Our Past by Remote Control 255 10 Should Humans Continue to Dive? Two Paradigms 299 A Note on Sources 313 Further Reading 315 Index 375
£20.90
Princeton University Press The Oceans
Book Synopsis
£15.19
Princeton University Press Physical Oceanography of Continental Shelves
Book Synopsis
£52.70
Princeton University Press The Global Circulation of the Atmosphere
Book SynopsisTrade Review"This edited volume, derived from a three-day conference held in 2004, includes 12 comprehensive chapters covering various aspects of the global circulation. The authors are experts in their respective fields; hence the chapters are very informative."---S.C. Pryor, Choice"[This book] represents an outstanding aggregation of science at the forefront written by leading experts of the field. It is hard to imagine someone reading it without enhancing their insight into the fascinating field of the general circulation of the atmosphere."---Thomas Birner, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
£59.50
John Wiley and Sons Ltd The Geopolitics of Deep Oceans
Book Synopsis* A probing, cutting-edge analysis of the past, present and future of the world's largest single habitat * Argues that the contemporary geopolitics of the deep ocean are characterised by competing political, economic, and ecological interests.Trade Review"John Hannigan provides a confident and engaging survey of the geopolitics of the deep oceans. He shows, through careful thematic analysis, why we need to turn our collective gaze beyond the shorelines and continental shelves of the world's continents and islands. While few may actually see these spaces first hand, we urgently need to better understand the deep oceans as they hold vital insights into why the human species is transforming planetary ecosystems and climate." Klaus Dodds, Royal Holloway University of London "Each thread of Hannigan�s important book recognizes the value of social science in forging understanding of the deep sea and setting the tone for the use of its resources. Well written and convincingly argued, it is a splendid addition to the scholarship." Helen M. Rozwadowski, University of Connecticut Avery Point "Hannigan's highly readable survey of the current status of deep oceans extends from a summary of scholarship over the past half century and more to popular culture."Irish TimesTable of ContentsContents Acknowledgements Glossary of Abbreviations and Acronyms Text Boxes Introduction 1. Oceanic Frontiers: Harvesting the Commons 2. Governing the Abyss: Sharing the Commons 3. Sovereignty Games: Claiming the Commons 4. Saving the Ocean: Protecting the Commons 5. Conclusion: Global Climate Change and the Future of Deep Oceans Notes References Index
£45.00
John Wiley and Sons Ltd The Geopolitics of Deep Oceans
Book Synopsis* A probing, cutting-edge analysis of the past, present and future of the world's largest single habitat * Argues that the contemporary geopolitics of the deep ocean are characterised by competing political, economic, and ecological interests.Trade Review"John Hannigan provides a confident and engaging survey of the geopolitics of the deep oceans. He shows, through careful thematic analysis, why we need to turn our collective gaze beyond the shorelines and continental shelves of the world's continents and islands. While few may actually see these spaces first hand, we urgently need to better understand the deep oceans as they hold vital insights into why the human species is transforming planetary ecosystems and climate." Klaus Dodds, Royal Holloway University of London "Each thread of Hannigan�s important book recognizes the value of social science in forging understanding of the deep sea and setting the tone for the use of its resources. Well written and convincingly argued, it is a splendid addition to the scholarship." Helen M. Rozwadowski, University of Connecticut Avery Point "Hannigan's highly readable survey of the current status of deep oceans extends from a summary of scholarship over the past half century and more to popular culture."Irish TimesTable of ContentsContents Acknowledgements Glossary of Abbreviations and Acronyms Text Boxes Introduction 1. Oceanic Frontiers: Harvesting the Commons 2. Governing the Abyss: Sharing the Commons 3. Sovereignty Games: Claiming the Commons 4. Saving the Ocean: Protecting the Commons 5. Conclusion: Global Climate Change and the Future of Deep Oceans Notes References Index
£14.99
MN - University of British Columbia Press Protecting the Coast and Ocean A Guide to Marine
Book SynopsisProtecting the Coast and Ocean, the first comprehensive guide to marine protection law in British Columbia, analyzes and compares the legal tools available to reverse ocean decline.
£31.50
University of Nebraska Press Transforming the Fisheries Neoliberalism Nature
Book SynopsisExamines how scientific, economic, and regulatory responses to the problem of overfishing have changed over the past twenty years. Based on fieldwork in a commercial fishing port in Ireland, Patrick Bresnihan weaves together ethnography, science, history,and social theory to explore the changing relationships between knowledge, nature, and the market.Trade Review "A must read."—Antipode“Eloquently written, deeply researched, deftly argued. This is a brilliant, critical reappraisal of capitalism’s relationship with the sea and should be read by anyone concerned with environmental crisis more generally.”—Christian Parenti, author of Tropic of Chaos: Climate Change and the New Geography of Violence“A gracefully written and analytically powerful account of the crisis of European fisheries. Bresnihan’s Transforming the Fisheries ranks among the most insightful of a new wave of political ecology, ably weaving together work, power, and capital. It is must reading for anyone concerned about ecological crisis and global capitalism.”—Jason W. Moore, associate professor at Binghamton University and author of Capitalism in the Web of Life: Ecology and the Accumulation of Capital“Transforming the Fisheries is a milestone in current debates on the commons. It not only offers an insightful discussion of the many radically divergent approaches to the commons and their complex relations to politics, but also provides a framework for rethinking and expanding the commons beyond its intense liberal and humanist entanglements. It introduces an understanding of the commons as a shared practice of socio-material experimentation.”—Dimitris Papadopoulos, associate professor at Leicester University and coauthor of Escape Routes: Control and Subversion in the Twenty-First Century Table of ContentsAcknowledgments1. Introduction: Ecological Crises and Beyond2. The End of the Line: Scarcity, Liberalism, and Enclosure3. Stewards of the Sea: Neoliberalism and the Making of the Environmental Entrepreneur4. Community-Managed Resources: A “Third Way” for Environmental Governance5. The More-Than-Human Commons: From Commons to Commoning6. Conclusion: Neoliberalism and the CommonsNotesBibliographyIndex
£31.50
Louisiana State University Press Winds Waves and Warriors
Book SynopsisExamines the oceanographic conditions that US military planners considered, or should have considered, when landing troops and vehicles on the beach at three historic amphibious assaults: Normandy, Tarawa, and Inchon. Oceanographer Thomas Mitchell brings welcome insight into a little-studied yet extraordinary aspect of ground warfare.
£30.56
Rutgers University Press The Tragedy of the Commodity Oceans Fisheries and
Book SynopsisTrade Review"Impressive and compelling. The historical, political, and ecological perspectives? offered in The Tragedy of the Commodity are vital to understanding the link between the 'tragedy' inherent in many 'common property' situations." -- Bonnie McCay * author of The Question of the Commons and Oyster Wars and the Public Trust *"The Tragedy of the Commodity is a timely, readable, comprehensive, and critical guide to what is wrong with our relationship with the sea and its creatures and what can be done to recreate this necessary relationship. A must read for anyone interested in knowing what is wrong with our relationship with the sea and how to go about changing it for the better." -- Dean Bavington * author of Managed Annihilation *"Consider[s] some of the most brutal aspects of the effects of capitalism in the process of turning every part of nature and every aspect of people's lives within it into something salable … The Tragedy of the Commodity also makes clear that to stop this destruction our society has to be organised in a completely different way and we have relatively little time to achieve it." * International Socialism *"The Tragedy of the Commodity is a fantastic piece of literature that should be a staple book for graduate courses in environmental sociology." * Human Ecology Review *"A crucially important contribution to the discussions on the future of our oceans and our relationship to them." * Journal of Agrarian Change *"The Tragedy of the Commodity is an important step toward situating commons governance and ecological crises within a critique of the political economy of capitalism. " * International Journal of Comparative Sociology *Table of ContentsPreface1 Sea Change2 Human Ecology, Social Metabolism, and the Tragedy of the Commodity3 Managing a Tragedy4 From Tuna Traps to Ranches5 From Salmon Fisheries to Farms6 A Sea of Commodities7 Healing the RiftsNotesIndex
£29.70
MW - Rutgers University Press The Tragedy of the Commodity Oceans Fisheries and Aquaculture
Trade Review"Impressive and compelling. The historical, political, and ecological perspectives? offered in The Tragedy of the Commodity are vital to understanding the link between the 'tragedy' inherent in many 'common property' situations." -- Bonnie McCay * author of The Question of the Commons and Oyster Wars and the Public Trust *"The Tragedy of the Commodity is a timely, readable, comprehensive, and critical guide to what is wrong with our relationship with the sea and its creatures and what can be done to recreate this necessary relationship. A must read for anyone interested in knowing what is wrong with our relationship with the sea and how to go about changing it for the better." -- Dean Bavington * author of Managed Annihilation *"Consider[s] some of the most brutal aspects of the effects of capitalism in the process of turning every part of nature and every aspect of people's lives within it into something salable … The Tragedy of the Commodity also makes clear that to stop this destruction our society has to be organised in a completely different way and we have relatively little time to achieve it." * International Socialism *"The Tragedy of the Commodity is a fantastic piece of literature that should be a staple book for graduate courses in environmental sociology." * Human Ecology Review *"A crucially important contribution to the discussions on the future of our oceans and our relationship to them." * Journal of Agrarian Change *"The Tragedy of the Commodity is an important step toward situating commons governance and ecological crises within a critique of the political economy of capitalism. " * International Journal of Comparative Sociology *Table of ContentsPreface1 Sea Change2 Human Ecology, Social Metabolism, and the Tragedy of the Commodity3 Managing a Tragedy4 From Tuna Traps to Ranches5 From Salmon Fisheries to Farms6 A Sea of Commodities7 Healing the RiftsNotesIndex
£105.40
University of Hawai'i Press Seascapes Maritime Histories Littoral Cultures
Book SynopsisHistorians have only recently begun to chart the experiences of maritime regions in rich detail and penetrate the historical processes at work there. Seascapes makes a major contribution to these efforts by bringing together original scholarship on historical issues arising from maritime regions around the world.
£22.36
Oregon State University An Ocean Garden
Book SynopsisIn this captivating book, artist and avid beachcomber Josie Iselin reveals the unexpected beauty of seaweed. Produced on a flatbed scanner, Iselin’s vibrant portraits of ocean flora reveal the exquisite color and extraordinary forms of more than 200 specimens gathered from tidal pools along the California and Maine coasts.
£19.96
MP-OSU Oregon State Universi Touching This Leviathan
Book SynopsisAsks how we might come to know the unknowable - in this case, whales, these animals so large yet so elusive, revealing just a sliver of back, a glimpse of a fluke, or, if you're lucky, a split-second breach before diving away.
£16.96
Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Marine Genomics
Book SynopsisThis detailed volume provides an overview of recent advances in the application of genomic technologies in several domains of marine biology, raising awareness of various DNA- and RNA-based technologies. Genomic methods are essential in identifying previously undetected taxonomic (e.g. DNA barcoding), genetic (e.g. sequencing), and functional (e.g. gene expression, analysis of metabolites) diversity, as shown in the chapters of this book, with sections focusing on next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, bioinformatics in marine genomics research, marine biotechnology, as well as a variety of methods successfully applied in fish. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, MTable of Contents1. Mitochondrial Genome of Non-Model Marine Metazoans by Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) Tullia I. Terraneo, Kiruthiga G. Mariappan, Zac Forsman, and Roberto Arrigoni 2. Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Protocol for Epigenetics Studies Annalaura Mancia 3. Transcriptome Mining to Identify Genes of Interest: From Local Databases to Phylogenetic Inference Daniele De Luca and Chiara Lauritano 4. Detecting Structural Variants and Associated Gene Presence-Absence Variation Phenomena in the Genomes of Marine Organisms Marco Sollitto, Nathan J. Kenny, Samuele Greco, Carmen Federica Tucci, Andrew D. Calcino, and Marco Gerdol 5. From Sequences to Enzymes: Comparative Genomics to Study Evolutionary Conserved Protein Functions in Marine Microbes Angelina Cordone, Alessandro Coppola, Angelica Severino, Monica Correggia, Matteo Selci, Antonio Cascone, Costantino Vetriani, and Donato Giovannelli 6. VenomFlow: An Automated Bioinformatic Pipeline for Identification of Disulfide-Rich Peptides from Venom Arsenals Eleonora Achrak, Jennifer Ferd, Jessica Schulman, Trami Dang, Konstantinos Krampis, and Mande Holford 7. Population Genomics Analysis with RAD, Reprised: Stacks 2 Angel G. Rivera-Colón and Julian Catchen 8. A Metabarcoding Protocol to Analyze Coastal Planktic Communities Collected by Desalination Plant Filters: From Sampling to Bioinformatic Exploratory Analyses Matteo Cecchetto, Andrea Di Cesare, Ester Eckert, Isabella Moro, Diego Fontaneto, and Stefano Schiaparelli 9. Barcoding of Antarctic Marine Invertebrates: From Field Sampling to Lab Procedures Stefano Schiaparelli, Maria Chiara Alvaro, Matteo Cecchetto, and Alice Guzzi 10. DNA Barcoding Procedures for Taxonomical and Phylogenetic Studies in Marine Animals: Porifera as Case Study Laura Núñez-Pons, Valerio Mazzella, Francesca Rispo, Jana Efremova, and Barbara Calcinai 11. Environmental DNA from Marine Waters and Substrates: Protocols for Sampling and eDNA Extraction Dominique A. Cowart, Katherine R. Murphy, and C.-H. Christina Cheng 12. Metataxonomic Analysis of Bacterial Diversity Associated with Marine Organisms Nadia Ruocco, Roberta Esposito, Valerio Zupo, and Maria Costantini 13. From Sequences to Enzymes: Heterologous Expression of Genes from Marine Microbes Angelica Severino, Alessandro Coppola, Monica Correggia, Costantino Vetriani, Donato Giovannelli, and Angelina Cordone 14. Expression of Recombinant Cold-Adapted (Hemo)Globins from Marine Bacteria Daniela Giordano and Cinzia Verde 15. Isolation of UV-Resistant Marine Bacteria by UV-C Assays Daniela Coppola, Cinzia Verde, and Daniela Giordano 16. Fractionation Protocol of Marine Metabolites Genoveffa Nuzzo, Emiliano Manzo, Carmela Gallo, Giuliana d'Ippolito, and Angelo Fontana 17. Detection and Quantification of Small Non-Coding RNAs in Marine Diatoms Alessandra Rogato and Angela Falciatore 18. Optimized Proteolistic Protocol for the Delivery of the Cas9 Protein in Phaeodactylum tricornutum Monia Teresa Russo, Anna Santin, Alessandra Rogato, and Maria Immacolata Ferrante 19. Production of a Chimeric Mouse-Fish Monoclonal Antibody by the CRISPR/Cas9 Technology Alessia Ametrano and Maria Rosaria Coscia 20. Identification, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of Immunoglobulin Genes from Antarctic Fish by PCR Methods Alessia Ametrano and Maria Rosaria Coscia 21. Physical Mapping of Repeated Sequences on Fish Chromosomes by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) Laura Ghigliotti, Juliette Auvinet, and Eva Pisano 22. Functional Genomics of Fish Erythrocytes Mikko Nikinmaa and Amélie Crespel 23. Stain-Free Approach for Western Blot Analysis of Zebrafish Embryos Jianmin Xue and Paola Corti 24. Proteomics of Fish White Muscle and Western Blotting to Detect Putative Allergens Liliana Anjos, Arsenios-Zafeirios Loukissas, and Deborah Mary Power 25. In Vitro Assays for the Bifunctional Acylpeptide Hydrolase (APEH) Enzyme from Antarctic Fish Carmela Fusco, Bruna Agrillo, Marta Gogliettino, Gianna Palmieri, and Ennio Cocca
£179.99
John Wiley & Sons Inc The Mediterranean Sea
Book SynopsisSurface, intermediate, and deep-water processes and their interaction in time and space drive the major ocean circulation of the Mediterranean Sea. All major forcing mechanisms, such as surface wind forcing, buoyancy fluxes, lateral mass exchange, and deep convection determining the global oceanic circulation are present in this body of water. Deep and intermediate water masses are formed in different areas of the ocean layers and they drive the Mediterranean thermohaline cell, which further shows important analogies with the global ocean conveyor belt.The Mediterranean Sea: Temporal Variability and Spatial Patternsis a comprehensive volume that investigates the temporal and spatial variability patterns in the ocean basin. Volume highlights include: Discussions of state-of-the-art physical and biogeochemical properties of the Mediterranean Sea Multiple physical ocean circulation processes, both in time and spatial scales (basin, sub-basin, and mesTable of ContentsContributors ix Preface xi 1 Introduction to The Mediterranean Sea: Temporal Variability and Spatial Patterns Gian Luca Eusebi Borzelli, Paola Malanotte-Rizzoli, Miroslav Gačić, and Piero Lionello 1 2 Spatiotemporal Variability of the Surface Circulation in the Western Mediterranean: A Comparative Study Using Altimetry and Modeling Ananda Pascual, Enrique Vidal-Vijande, Simón Ruiz, Samuel Somot, and Vassilis Papadopoulos 5 3 Exchange Flow through the Strait of Gibraltar as Simulated by a σ-Coordinate Hydrostatic Model and a z-Coordinate Nonhydrostatic Model Gianmaria Sannino, J. C. Sánchez Garrido, L. Liberti, and L. Pratt 25 4 Mixing in the Deep Waters of the Western Mediterranean Harry Bryden, Katrin Schroeder, Mireno Borghini, Anna Vetrano, and Stefania Sparnocchia 51 5 The 2009 Surface and Intermediate Circulation of the Tyrrhenian Sea as Assessed by an Operational Model E. Napolitano, R. Iacono, and S. Marullo 59 6 The Eastern Mediterranean Transient: Evidence for Similar Events Previously? Wolfgang Roether, Birgit Klein, and Dagmar Hainbucher 75 7 Deep-Water Variability and Interbasin Interactions in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea Emin Özsoy, Sarantis Sofianos, Isaac Gertman, Anneta Mantziafou, Ali Aydoğdu, Sotiria Georgiou, Ersin Tutsak, Alex Lascaratos, Artur Hecht, and Mohammed Abdul Latif 85 8 An Internal Mechanism Driving the Alternation of the Eastern Mediterranean Dense/Deep Water Sources Alexander Theocharis, George Krokos, Dimitris Velaoras, and Gerasimos Korres 113 9 Thermohaline Variability and Mesoscale Dynamics Observed at the Deep-Ocean Observatory E2M3A in the Southern Adriatic Sea Manuel Bensi, Vanessa Cardin, and Angelo Rubino 139 Index 157 Color plate section is located between pages 84 and 85.
£105.40
John Wiley & Sons Inc Modeling Atmospheric and Oceanic Flows
Book SynopsisModeling Atmospheric and Oceanic Flows: Insights from Laboratory Experiments and Numerical Simulations provides a broad overview of recent progress in using laboratory experiments and numerical simulations to model atmospheric and oceanic fluid motions. This volume not only surveys novel research topics in laboratory experimentation, but also highlights recent developments in the corresponding computational simulations. As computing power grows exponentially and better numerical codes are developed, the interplay between numerical simulations and laboratory experiments is gaining paramount importance within the scientific community. The lessons learnt from the laboratorymodel comparisons in this volume will act as a source of inspiration for the next generation of experiments and simulations. Volume highlights include: Topics pertaining to atmospheric science, climate physics, physical oceanography, marine geology and geophysics Overview of the most advaTable of ContentsContributors vii Preface xi Acknowledgments xiii Introduction: Simulations of Natural Flows in the Laboratory and on a Computer 1 Paul F Linden Section I: Baroclinic-Driven Flows 1 General Circulation of Planetary Atmospheres: Insights from Rotating Annulus and Related Experiments 9 Peter L Read, Edgar P Pérez, Irene M Moroz, and Roland M B Young 2 Primary Flow Transitions in the Baroclinic Annulus: Prandtl Number Effects 45 Gregory M Lewis, Nicolas Périnet, and Lennaert van Veen 3 Amplitude Vacillation in Baroclinic Flows 61 Wolf-Gerrit Früh Section II: Balanced and Unbalanced Flows 4 Rotation Effects on Wall-Bounded Flows: Some Laboratory Experiments 85 P Henrik Alfredsson and Rebecca J Lingwood 5 Altimetry in a GFD Laboratory and Flows on the Polar β-Plane 101 Yakov D Afanasyev 6 Instabilities of Shallow-Water Flows with Vertical Shear in the Rotating Annulus 119 Jonathan Gula and Vladimir Zeitlin 7 Laboratory Experiments on Flows Over Bottom Topography 139 Luis Zavala Sansón and Gert-Jan van Heijst 8 Direct Numerical Simulations of Laboratory-Scale Stratified Turbulence 159 Michael LWaite Section III: Atmospheric Flows 9 Numerical Simulation (DNS, LES) of Geophysical Laboratory Experiments: Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) Analogue and Simulations Toward Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) Analogue 179 Nils PWedi 10 Internal Waves in Laboratory Experiments 193 Bruce Sutherland, Thierry Dauxois, and Thomas Peacock 11 Frontal Instabilities at Density–Shear Interfaces in Rotating Two-Layer Stratified Fluids 213 Hélène Scolan, Roberto Verzicco, and Jan-Bert Flór Section IV: Oceanic Flows 12 Large-Amplitude Coastal Shelf Waves 231 Andrew L Stewart, Paul J Dellar, and Edward R Johnson 13 Laboratory Experiments With Abrupt Thermohaline Transitions and Oscillations 255 John A Whitehead 14 Oceanic Island Wake Flows in the Laboratory 265 Alexandre Stegner Section V: Advances in Methodology 15 Lagrangian Methods in Experimental Fluid Mechanics 279 Mickael Bourgoin, Jean-François Pinton, and Romain Volk 16 A High-Resolution Method for Direct Numerical Simulation of Instabilities and Transitions in a Baroclinic Cavity 297 Anthony Randriamampianina and Emilia Crespo del Arco 17 Orthogonal Decomposition Methods to Analyze PIV, LDV, and Thermography Data of Thermally Driven Rotating Annulus Laboratory Experiments 315 Uwe Harlander, Thomas von Larcher, Grady BWright, Michael Hoff, Kiril Alexandrov, and Christoph Egbers Index 337
£121.46
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Submerged Landscapes of the European Continental
Book SynopsisQuaternary Paleoenvironments examines the drowned landscapes exposed as extensive and attractive territory for prehistoric human settlement during the Ice Ages of the Pleistocene, when sea levels dropped to 120m-135m below their current levels. This volume provides an overview of the geological, geomorphological, climatic and sea-level history of the European continental shelf as a whole, as well as a series of detailed regional reviews for each of the major sea basins. The nature and variable attractions of the landscapes and resources available for human exploitation are examined, as are the conditions under which archaeological sites and landscape features are likely to have been preserved, destroyed or buried by sediment during sea-level rise. The authors also discuss the extent to which we can predict where to look for drowned landscapes with the greatest chance of success, with frequent reference to examples of preserved prehistoric sites in different submerged eTrade Review“[The book’s] importance transcends academic boundaries. It would be at home on the shelves of the marine geologist, as it would be in the library of the underwater archaeologist.” Underwater Technology “This is a well-written, well-organized volume that provides the reader with an unparalleled collection of data sources and references used in the study of submerged landscapes.” International Journal of Nautical Archaeology “An impressive volume, offering a useful reference to all those working or interested in the European continental shelves.” GeoscientistTable of ContentsContributors vii Foreword xi Preface xv Acknowledgement xvii Chapter 1: Introduction: Prehistoric Remains on the Continental Shelf – Why do Sites and Landscapes Survive Inundation? 1Nic Flemming, Jan Harff, Delminda Moura and Anthony Burgess Chapter 2: Sea Level and Climate 11J. Harff, N. Flemming, A. Groh, B. Hünicke, G. Lericolais, M. Meschede, A. Rosentau, D. Sakellariou, S. Uscinowicz, W. Zhang, E. Zorita Chapter 3: Non-Cultural Processes of Site Formation, Preservation and Destruction 51Nic Flemming, Jan Harff and Delminda Moura Chapter 4: Standard Core Variables for Continental Shelf Prehistoric Research and Their Availability 83Nic Flemming Chapter 5: The Baltic Sea Basin 103Alar Rosentau, Ole Bennike, Szymon Ucinowicz and Gra¿yna Miotk-Szpiganowicz Chapter 6: The Northwest Shelf 135Kieran Westley Chapter 7: The North Sea 147Kim M. Cohen, Kieran Westley, Gilles Erkens, Marc P. Hijma, and Henk J.T. Weerts Chapter 8: Northern North Sea and Atlantic Northwest Approaches 187Sue Dawson, Richard Bates, Caroline Wickham-Jones and Alastair Dawson Chapter 9: Paleolandscapes of the Celtic Sea and the Channel/La Manche 211R. Helen Farr, Garry Momber, Julie Satchell and Nic Flemming Chapter 10: Irish Sea and Atlantic Margin 241Kieran Westley and Robin Edwards Chapter 11: The Iberian Atlantic Margin 281Delminda Moura, Ana Gomes and João Horta Chapter 12: The Western Mediterranean Sea 301Miquel Canals, Isabel Cacho, Laurent Carozza, José Luis Casamor, Galderic Lastras, and Anna Sànchez Chapter 12 – Western Mediterranean: Annex 1 Submerged Karst Structures of the French Mediterranean Coast: An Assessment 333Yves Billaud Chapter 13: The Central Mediterranean 341Fabrizio Antonioli, Francesco L. Chiocci, Marco Anzidei, Lucilla Capotondi, Daniele Casalbore, Donatella Magri and Sergio Silenzi Chapter 14: Physical Characteristics of the Continental Shelves of the East Mediterranean Basin, Submerged Settlements and Landscapes – Actual Finds and Potential Discoveries 377Ehud Galili, Yaacov Nir, Dina Vachtman and Yossi Mart Chapter 15: Late Pleistocene Environmental Factors of the Aegean Region (Aegean Sea Including the Hellenic Arc) and the Identification of Potential Areas for Seabed Prehistoric Sites and Landscapes 405D. Sakellariou, V. Lykousis, M. Geraga, G. Rousakis and T. Soukisian Chapter 16: Geological and Geomorphological Factors and Marine Conditions of the Azov-Black Sea Basin and Coastal Characteristics as They Determine Prospecting for Seabed Prehistoric Sites on the Continental Shelf 431Valentina Yanko-Hombach, Evgeny Schnyukov, Anatoly Pasynkov, Valentin Sorokin, Pavel Kuprin, Nikolay Maslakov, Irena Motnenko and Olena Smyntyna Chapter 17: Late Pleistocene Environmental Factors defining the Black Sea, and Submerged Landscapes on the Western Continental Shelf 479Gilles Lericolais Chapter 18: Submerged Prehistoric Heritage Potential of the Romanian Black Sea Shelf 497Glicherie Caraivan, Valentina Voinea, Corneliu Cerchia Glossary Index
£999.99
John Wiley and Sons Ltd Boron Proxies in Paleoceanography and
Book SynopsisTable of ContentsPreface vii Acknowledgments viii About the Companion Website ix 1 Introduction and Concepts 1 1.1 Why Are we Interested in Reconstructing Marine Carbonate Chemistry? 1 Acknowledgments 8 References 8 Further Reading/Resources 12 2 Boron Systematics 13 2.1 Introduction 14 2.2 What Determines the Sensitivity of δ11B and B/Ca to Marine Carbonate Chemistry? 15 2.3 Boron Proxy Systematics in Synthetic Carbonates 21 2.4 Boron Isotopes in Biogenic Marine Carbonates 42 2.5 Secular Evolution of [BT] and δ11B in Seawater 81 2.6 The B/Ca Proxy in Foraminifera 88 References 105 3 Reconstructing Paleo‐Acidity, pCO2 and Deep‐Ocean [CO32–] 120 3.1 Introduction 120 3.2 Estimating Paleoseawater pH from Boron Isotopes 122 3.3 Estimating Marine Carbonate Chemistry from B/Ca Ratios 150 3.4 Guidelines for Selecting Sediment Core Sites and Sample Sizes 155 References 156 4 Boron Concentration and Isotope Ratio Analysis 165 4.1 Introduction 165 4.2 Inter‐Laboratory Comparison Studies 170 4.3 Standard Reference Materials and Data Quality Assurance 172 4.4 Boron Concentration and Isotope Ratio Analysis 175 4.5 Sample Preparation and Cleaning 179 4.6 Boron Separation and Purification 183 4.7 Instrumental Techniques 188 4.8 Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) 201 4.9 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) 204 4.10 Other Techniques 206 4.11 Outlook and Future Directions 210 References 211 Index 224
£94.46
John Wiley & Sons Inc Beaches and Coasts
Book SynopsisTable of Contents1 Coastline Variability and Functions in the Global Environment 1 1.1 Coastal Settings 1 1.2 Population and the Coast 3 1.2.1 History of Coastal Occupation 3 1.3 General Coastal Conditions 3 1.4 Coastal Environments 4 1.5 Historical Trends in Coastal Research 8 Suggested Reading 13 2 The Earth’s Mobile Crust 15 2.1 Introduction 15 2.2 Earth’s Interior 18 2.3 Plate Boundaries 21 2.3.1 Divergent Boundaries 21 2.3.2 Convergent Boundaries 24 2.3.3 Transform Boundaries 28 2.3.4 Plate Movement 29 2.4 Continental Margins 31 2.4.1 Tectonic Evolution of Continental Margins 34 2.5 Tectonic Coastline Classification 36 2.5.1 Collision Coasts 37 2.5.2 Trailing Edge Coasts 42 2.5.3 Marginal Sea Coasts 46 2.6 Tectonic Effects on Coastal Sediment Supply 47 2.6.1 Continental Drainage 48 2.6.2 Location of Rivers 49 2.6.3 Continental Shelf Width 51 2.7 Summary 52 Reference 53 Suggested Reading 53 3 Sediments and Rocks: Materials of Coastal Environments 55 3.1 Rock Types 55 3.2 Sediment Texture 56 3.2.1 Grain Size 56 3.2.2 Grain Shape 59 3.3 Mineralogy 60 3.4 General Origin and Distribution of Sediments 60 3.4.1 Composition 61 3.4.2 Texture 64 3.5 Summary 65 Reference 66 Suggested Reading 67 4 Sea‐Level Change and Coastal Environments 69 4.1 Changing the Size and Shape of the Container 71 4.1.1 Tectonic Causes 71 4.2 Climate and Sea‐Level Change 74 4.2.1 Seasonal Changes 74 4.2.2 Non‐seasonal Cyclic Changes 75 4.2.3 Long‐term Climatic Effects 76 4.3 Sea‐level Rise due to Sediment Compaction and Fluid Withdrawal 77 4.4 Isostasy 81 4.5 Changes in the Volume of the World Ocean 81 4.5.1 Advance and Retreat of Ice Sheets 81 4.6 Post‐Glacial Rise in Sea Level 85 4.7 Current and Future Sea‐Level Changes 86 4.7.1 Impact of Increasing Rise in Sea Level on Modern Coastal Environments 90 4.8 Summary 93 References 94 Suggested Reading 94 5 Weather Systems, Extratropical Storms, and Hurricanes 95 5.1 Introduction 95 5.2 Basic Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Patterns 97 5.2.1 Wind 97 5.2.2 Atmospheric Circulation 97 5.2.3 Prevailing Winds 101 5.2.4 Cyclonic and Anticyclonic Systems 101 5.2.5 Land‐breezes and Sea‐breezes 102 5.3 Mid‐latitude Storms 102 5.3.1 Frontal Weather 103 5.3.2 Cyclogenesis 105 5.3.3 Extratropical Storms 106 5.4 Hurricanes and Tropical Storms 109 5.4.1 Low Latitude Storms 109 5.4.2 Origin and Movement of Hurricanes 110 5.4.3 Anatomy of a Hurricane 113 5.4.4 Hurricanes at the Coast 115 5.5 Summary 125 Suggested Reading 132 6 Waves and the Coast 133 6.1 Water Motion and Wave Propagation 136 6.2 Wind Wave Types 140 6.3 Distribution and Transfer of Wave Energy 142 6.4 Other Types of Waves 146 6.5 Wave‐Generated Currents 148 6.6 Summary 150 Suggested Reading 152 7 Tides of the Ocean 153 7.1 Introduction 153 7.2 Tide‐Generating Forces 153 7.2.1 Gravitational Force 153 7.2.2 Centrifugal Force 154 7.2.3 Tide‐Producing Force 156 7.3 Equilibrium Tide 157 7.3.1 Tidal Cycle 157 7.3.2 Orbiting Moon 158 7.3.3 Inclination of Moon’s Orbit 159 7.4 Interaction of Sun and Moon 159 7.5 Effects of Orbital Geometry 161 7.6 Effects of Partitioning Oceans 162 7.7 Tidal Signatures 163 7.8 Tides in Shallow Water 167 7.9 Summary 175 References 176 Suggested Reading 176 8 River Deltas: The Source of Most of our Coastal Sediments 177 8.1 How Deltas Develop 178 8.2 Deltas and Sea Level 182 8.3 Delta Environments 184 8.4 Delta Plain 184 8.4.1 Delta Front 186 8.5 Delta Processes 189 8.6 River Processes 189 8.7 Delta Classification 190 8.7.1 River‐Dominated Deltas 192 8.7.2 Tide‐Dominated Deltas 193 8.7.3 Wave‐Dominated Deltas 193 8.8 Intermediate Deltas 195 8.9 Human Influence 195 8.10 Summary 200 References 200 Suggested Reading 201 9 Estuaries 203 9.1 Estuarine Hydrology 206 9.1.1 Classification of Estuaries 207 9.1.2 Estuarine Processes 208 9.1.3 Time–Velocity Relationships 209 9.1.4 Model Estuary 214 9.1.5 Estuary Types 219 9.2 Human Impact on Estuaries 222 9.3 Summary 227 References 227 Suggested Reading 228 10 Coastal Lagoons 229 10.1 Definition 229 10.2 Morphology and Setting 229 10.3 General Characteristics 231 10.4 Lagoonal Processes 233 10.5 Lagoonal Sediments 235 10.6 Example Lagoons 239 10.7 Summary 244 Suggested Reading 245 11 Tidal Flats 247 11.1 Morphology of Tidal Flats 247 11.2 Sediments 249 11.3 Organisms 249 11.3.1 Vagrant Organisms 250 11.3.2 Sessile Organisms 250 11.3.3 Limiting Factors 250 11.3.4 Bioturbation 254 11.4 Sedimentary Structures 254 11.5 Tidal Flat Processes 260 11.5.1 Tides 260 11.5.2 Waves 263 11.6 Tidal Channels 265 11.7 Some Examples 267 11.7.1 German Wadden Sea and Jade Bay 267 11.7.2 The Wash 272 11.7.3 Bay of St.‐Malo 273 11.7.4 Bay of Fundy 273 11.8 Human Impact on Tidal Flats 274 11.9 Summary 276 References 278 Suggested Reading 278 12 Coastal Wetlands 281 12.1 Characteristics of a Coastal Marsh 281 12.1.1 Marsh Plants 281 12.1.2 Global Distribution 284 12.2 Marsh Characteristics 285 12.2.1 Marsh Classification 287 12.3 Marsh Sedimentation 289 12.3.1 Sediments 290 12.3.2 Sea Level and Marsh Development 292 12.4 Human Impact on the Marsh Environment 293 12.5 Marsh Summary 293 12.6 Mangrove Coasts 297 12.7 Mangrove Distribution 297 12.7.1 Global Distribution 297 12.7.2 Local 297 12.7.3 Zonation 298 12.8 Mangroves and Coastal Processes 300 12.9 Human Impact on Mangroves 303 12.10 Summary 303 References 305 Suggested Reading 305 13 Beach and Nearshore Environment 307 13.1 Nearshore Environment 307 13.2 Foreshore 312 13.3 Backbeach 322 13.4 Human Impact on Beaches 328 13.5 Summary 331 Suggested Reading 337 14 Coastal Dunes 339 14.1 Types of Coastal Dunes and Their Distribution 339 14.2 Dune Formation 345 14.3 Dune Dynamics 349 14.3.1 Dune Structures 351 14.4 Human Influence on Dunes 352 14.5 Summary 353 Suggested Reading 357 15 Barrier Systems 359 15.1 Introduction 359 15.2 Physical Description 359 15.3 Distribution and Coastal Setting 362 15.4 Summary 366 15.5 Barrier Types 366 15.5.1 Barrier Spits 367 15.5.2 Welded Barriers 374 15.5.3 Barrier Islands 376 15.6 Prograding, Retrograding, and Aggrading Barriers 380 15.6.1 Prograding Barriers 381 15.6.2 Retrograding Barriers 384 15.6.3 Aggrading Barriers 388 15.7 Barrier Stratigraphy 390 15.8 Barrier Coast Morphology 393 15.8.1 Hayes Models 394 15.8.2 Georgia Bight 396 15.9 Barrier Coasts: Morphology and Evolution 399 15.9.1 Eastern Shore of Nova Scotia 399 15.9.2 Mississippi River Delta Barriers 400 15.10 Summary 403 References 403 Suggested Reading 404 16 Tidal Inlets 405 16.1 Introduction 405 16.2 What is a Tidal Inlet 405 16.3 Inlet Morphology 409 16.3.1 Tidal Deltas 409 16.3.2 Ebb‐Tidal Delta Morphology 413 16.4 Tidal Inlet Formation 415 16.4.1 Breaching of a Barrier 415 16.4.2 Spit Building across a Bay 415 16.4.3 Drowned River Valleys 417 16.4.4 Ephemeral Inlets 419 16.5 Tidal Inlet Migration 419 16.6 Tidal Inlet Relationships 423 16.6.1 Inlet Throat Area–Tidal Prism Relationship 423 16.6.2 Ebb‐Tidal Delta Volume–Tidal Prism Relationship 425 16.7 Sand Transport Patterns 426 16.7.1 General Sand‐Dispersal Trends 427 16.7.2 Inlet Sediment Bypassing 427 16.8 Tidal Inlet Effects on Adjacent Shorelines 438 16.8.1 Number and Size of Tidal Inlets 439 16.8.2 Tidal Inlets as Sediment Traps 440 16.8.3 Changes in Ebb‐Tidal Delta Volume 441 16.8.4 Wave Sheltering 442 16.8.5 Effects of Inlet Sediment Bypassing 445 16.8.6 Human Influences 446 16.9 Summary 448 References 451 Suggested Reading 452 17 Glaciated Coasts 453 17.1 Introduction 453 17.2 The World’s Glaciers 454 17.2.1 Glacier Formation 456 17.2.2 Glacier Movement 457 17.2.3 Distribution and Types of Glaciers 458 17.3 Pleistocene Glaciation 462 17.3.1 Introduction 462 17.3.2 Defining the Pleistocene 463 17.3.3 Causes of the Ice Ages 464 17.3.4 The Late Pleistocene 466 17.4 Glacial Effects on Coastlines 467 17.4.1 General Erosional Processes 467 17.4.2 Fjords 468 17.4.3 Rocky Coasts 469 17.4.4 General Depositional Processes 471 17.4.5 Depositional Landforms 473 17.5 Examples of Glaciated Coastlines 477 17.5.1 Cape Cod 477 17.5.2 Drumlin Coasts 480 17.5.3 Sand and Gravel Beaches 482 17.5.4 Uplifted Coasts 482 17.5.5 Drowned River Valleys 485 17.6 Summary 485 References 487 Suggested Readings 488 18 Rocky Coasts 489 18.1 Introduction 489 18.2 Types and Distribution 490 18.2.1 Tectonic Settings 490 18.2.2 Glaciated Regions 490 18.2.3 Other Bedrock Coasts 491 18.3 Erosional Processes 493 18.3.1 Physical Processes 493 18.3.2 Biological Processes 497 18.3.3 Chemical Processes 498 18.4 Factors Affecting Rates of Erosion 498 18.5 Morphology 500 18.5.1 Sea Cliffs 501 18.5.2 Horizontal Erosional Landforms 504 18.5.3 Sea Stacks, Arches, and Erosional Features 506 18.6 Summary 511 Suggested Reading 512 Index 513
£71.20
Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient
Book SynopsisOne of Springer’s Major Reference Works, this book gives the reader a truly global perspective. Paleoclimate topics covered in the encyclopedia give the reader the capability to place the observations of recent global warming in the context of longer-term natural climate fluctuations.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "This book is an A-Z series of entries on paleoclimatology and ancient environments. … offers a good overview of its subject matter and would be a suitable reference for any academic library that supports research in paleoclimatology and ancient environments or related fields. It would also be of interest to the general public who were interested in this subject area. … here is a chronological list of the geological time-periods as an appendix. This makes the text more accessible to the non-specialist … .” (Clari Hunt, Reference Reviews, Vol. 23 (8), 2009) “I was very impressed by the sedimentology encyclopedia … and I had therefore great expectations of this new title. … seems to be more interesting for Quaternary geologists and climatologists … . I must conclude that the volume comprises a wealth of valuable information, and that most chapters are truly useful. … the book is well printed, most figures are instructive and well-readable, and the binding has the quality that is required for such a huge work.” (A. J. Tom van Loon, Journal of Sedimentary Research, February, 2010)“This companion volume focuses on paleoclimatology and spans Earth’s climate history from the early Precambrian to the Little Ice Age, which ran from the 16th to the mid-19th centuries. … All articles contain excellent bibliographies leading to additional information. The work is well indexed, entries are cross-referenced, and the text is profusely illustrated with maps, graphs, and charts. Summing Up: Essential. Reference collections supporting programs in climate studies, lower-level undergraduates through professionals/practitioners, and general readers.” (J. C. Stachacz, Choice, Vol. 47 (6), February, 2010)“The chapters of the encyclopaedia are informative … . Palaeoclimatology, palaeogeography, geomorphology, geochemistry, and several more disciplines that are important for the climatological reconstruction of the geological past form a wide spectrum, and the encyclopaedia is, therefore, truly comprehensive. … easy to use. … Each chapter ends with cross-references, which indicate relevant chapters on related topics. … very useful for all geoscientists. It belongs in each geoscience library.” (Dmitry A. Ruban, Geologos, Vol. 16 (2), 2010)“The first major reference work covering the field of palaeoclimatology through the whole of Earth’s history from the early Precambrian to recent times. … the authors and editor have done a great job in making each entry accessible, creating a work that is extremely useful for providing introductions to undergraduate students approaching palaeoclimatology for the first time, or to postgraduates and academics wanting a quick explanation of an area outside of their area of expertise or an insight into how theories have developed over time.” (Jonathan R. Dean, Journal of Paleolimnology, Vol. 47, 2012)Table of ContentsList of Contributors.- Preface.- Acknowledgments.- Abrupt climate change.- Aerosols (mineral).- Albedo (feedbacks).- Alkenones.- Animal proxies, invertebrates.- Animal proxies, vertebrates.- Anoxic events.- Antarctica, glaciation history.- Antarctic Bottom Water and climate change.- Antarctic Cold Reversal.- Antarctic sea ice history, Late Quaternary.- Archean environments.- Archeological data and climate change.- Arctic sea ice.- Arid climates and indicators.- Astronomical theory of climate change.- Atmospheric circulation during the Last Glacial Maximum.- Atmospheric evolution, Earth.- Atmospheric evolution, Mars.- Atmospheric evolution, Venus.- Banded iron formations and the early atmosphere.- Basal ice.- Beachrock.- Beetles as Quaternary and Late Tertiary climate indicators.- Beryllium-10.- Binge/purge model of ice sheet dynamics.- Bolide impacts and climate.- Bølling-Allerød interstadial.- Borehole climatology: climate change from geothermal data.- Carbon cycle.- Carbon dioxide, dissolved (ocean).- Carbon dioxide and methane, Quaternary variations.- Carbon isotopes, stable.- Carbon isotope variations over geologic time .- Carbonate compensation depth.- Carbonates, cool water.- Carbonates, warm water.- Cenozoic climate and long-term cooling.- Cirques.- CLAMP (Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program).- CLIMAP.- Climate change, causes.- Climate forcing.- Climate variability, last 1000 years.- Coal beds, origin and climate.- Coastal environments.- Coccoliths.- COHMAP.- Continental sediments.- Corals and coral reefs.- Cordilleran ice sheet.- Cosmogenic radionuclides.- Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary.- Cretaceous warm climates.- Cryosphere.- Cyclic sedimentation (cyclothems).- Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles.- Dating, amino acid geochronology.- Dating, biostratigraphic methods.- Dating, dendrochronology.- Dating, fission tracks.- Dating, luminescence techniques.- Dating, magnetostratigraphy.- Dating, radiometric methods.- Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP).- Deltaic sediments, climate records.- Dendroclimatology.- Desert varnish as climate proxy.- Deuterium, deuterium excess.- Diamicton.- Diatoms.- Dinoflagellates.- Dole effect .- Drumlins.- Duricrusts.- Dust transport, Quaternary.- Earth laws and climatology.- Early Paleozoic climates (Cambrian-Devonian).- Eccentricity, earth’s orbit.- Eemian (Sangamonian) interglacial.- Electrical conductivity.- Eolian dust, marine sediments.- Eolian sediments and processes.- Eolianite.- Eskers.- Evaporites.- Evolution and climate change.- Faint Young Sun Paradox.- Flood basalts, climatic implications.- Foraminifera.- Geochemical proxies (non-isotopic).- Glacial erratic.- Glacial eustasy.- Glacial geomorphology.- Glacial isostasy.- Glacial.- megalakes .- Glacial sediments.- Glaciations, pre-Quaternary.- Glaciations, Quaternary.- Glaciofluvial sediments.- Glaciomarine sediments.- Glendonite/ikaite.- "Greenhouse" (warm) climates.- Heat transports, oceanic and atmospheric.- Heinrich events.- History of Paleoclimatology.- Holocene climates.- Holocene treeline fluctuations.- Hypsithermal.- Human evolution and climate change.- Ice cores, Antarctica and Greenland.- Ice cores, mountain glaciers.- "Icehouse" (cold) climates.- Ice-rafted debris (IRD).- Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP).- Interstadials.- Iron and climate change.- Isotopic fractionation.- Kames.- Kettles.- Lacustrine sediments.- Lake level variations.- Late Glacial Maximum .- Last Glacial Termination.- Laterite.- Late Paleozoic climates.- Late Quaternary-Holocene vegetation modeling.- Late Quaternary megafloods .- Laurentide ice sheet.- Little Ice Age.- Loess deposits.- Marine biogenic sediments.- Marine carbon geochemistry.- Marine clay minerals.- Marine non-biogenic (inorganic) sediments.- Mars: water and past climates .- Mass extinctions: role of Climate.- Maunder minimum.- Medieval warm period.- Mesozoic climates.- Messinian salinity crisis.- Methane hydrates, carbon cycling, and environmental change.- Mid-Pliocene warming.- Millennial climate variability.- Mineral indicators of past climates.- Monsoons, Pre-Quaternary.- Monsoons, Quaternary.- Moraines.- Mountain.- glaciers,.- Mountain uplift and climate change.- Nearest-living-relative method.- Neogene climates.- Nitrogen isotopes.- North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) records.- North Atlantic Deep Water and climate change.- Obliquity, earth’s orbit.- Ocean Drilling Program (ODP).- Ocean paleocirculation.- Ocean paleoproductivity.- Ocean paleotemperatures.- Organic geochemical proxies.- Ostracodes.- Outwash plains.- Oxygen isotopes.- PAGES.- aleobotany.- Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum.- Paleoclimate modeling, Quaternary.- Paleoclimate modeling, pre-Quaternary .- Paleoclimate proxies, an introduction.- Paleo-El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) records.- Paleogene climates.- Paleohydrology.- Paleo-ocean modeling.- Paleo-ocean pH.- Paleoceanography.- Paleolimnology.- Paleo-precipitation indicators.- Paleosols–pre-Quaternary.- Paleosols–Quaternary.- Paleotemperatures, proxy reconstructions.- Paleotempestology–sedimentary record of intense hurricanes.- Palynology.- Patterned ground.- Periglacial geomorphology.- Phosphorite.- Phosphorus cycle.- Pingo.- Plate tectonics and climate change.- Pleistocene climates.- Pliocene climates.- Pollen analysis.- Potassium-Argon/argon-argon dating.- Precession, earth’s orbit.- Pre-Quaternary Milankovitch cycles and climate.- Proglacial lacustrine sediments.- Proterozoic climates.- Quaternary climate transitions and cycles.- Quaternary vegetation distribution.- Radiocarbon dating.- Radiolaria.- Red beds.- Roche moutonnée.- Sapropels (organic-rich muds).- Scandinavian ice sheet.- Sea level change, Holocene.- Sea level change, Quaternary.- Sea level change, last 250 million years.- Sea level indicators.- Sedimentary indicators of climate change.- Snowball Earth hypothesis.- SPECMAP.- Speleothems.- Stable isotope analysis.- Strontium isotopes.- Sulfur isotopes.- Sun-climate connections.- Tephrochronology.- The 8200 year BP cold event.- Thermohaline circulation.- Time series analysis.- Till and Tillites.- Transfer functions.- Triassic-Jurassic climates.- Uranium-series dating.- Varved sediments.- Volcanic eruptions and climate change.- Weathering and climate.- Wisconsinan (Weichselian, Wurm) glaciation.- Younger Dryas.- Author index.- Subject index.
£461.67
Wiley-Blackwell Marine Conservation
Book SynopsisProviding a guide for marine conservation practice, Marine Conservation takes a whole-systems approach, covering major advances in marine ecosystem understanding. Its premise is that conservation must be informed by the natural histories of organisms together with the hierarchy of scale-related linkages and ecosystem processes.Trade Review“Marine Conservationis a valuable contribution to the conservation literature. The authors successfully argue that a holistic conceptual understanding of social, legal, and political issues, as well as science, is necessary for successful management of marine and coastal resources. During a period in history when issues such as climate change, overfishing, and marine pollution are becoming substantial public concerns, this volume provides a very accessible summary of the current state of marine conservation issues.” (The Quarterly Review of Biology, 1 October 2015) “This is critical reading for anyone interested in the marine environment. Summing Up: Essential. All library collections.” (Choice, 1 October 2014) “This thorough, accessible, scholarly and lavishly illustrated text book with diverse contributions from many experienced scientists and practitioners will provide a solid underpinning for future careers in conservation as well as informing the public, holding in turn the possibility of future success in living sustainably with the marine environment.” (The News Journal of the International Society for Reef Studies, 1 August 2014) “This is critical reading for anyone interested in the marine environment. Summing up: Essential. All library collections."—CHOICE, G. C. Jensen, University of WashingtonTable of ContentsContributors, ix Preface, xii About the companion website, xiv 1 IN PURSUIT OF MARINE CONSERVATION, 1 1.1 The emergence of modern marine conservation, 1 1.2 Defining "marine conservation", 4 1.3 Marine conservation’s scope, 4 1.4 Adapting marine conservation to the 21st century, 5 2 MARINE CONSERVATION ISSUES, 7 2.1 Igniting marine conservation concern, 7 2.2 Primary issues: loss of marine biodiversity, 7 2.3 Secondary issues: human activities, 13 2.4 Tertiary issues: emergent and unintended consequences, 30 2.5 The challenge for the 21st century, 35 3 MARINE CONSERVATION MECHANISMS, 43 3.1 The toolkit, 43 3.2 Biological conservation, 43 3.3 Spatially explicit conservation, 48 3.4 Governance: policy, strategy, tactics, 50 3.5 Policy instruments for marine conservation, 54 3.6 Management concepts, 65 3.7 Agents for conservation, 68 3.8 Conclusion, 70 4 MARINE SYSTEMS: THE BASE FOR CONSERVATION, 74 4.1 A systems approach, 74 4.2 Dynamic planetary forces, 74 4.3 Major ocean structures and conditions, 78 4.4 Planetary cycles, 81 4.5 Major planetary interfaces, 82 4.6 The dynamic coastal realm, 86 4.7 The coastal realm: an ecosystem of global importance, 92 4.8 The ecosystem concept, 97 4.9 Ecosystem base for conservation, 99 5 NATURAL HISTORY OF MARINE ORGANISMS, 105 5.1 What is natural history?, 105 5.2 Darwinian evolution, 105 5.3 Diversity of marine life, 106 5.4 Life history, 112 5.5 Biological associations, 123 5.6 Biogeographic patterns in space and time, 126 5.7 Biotic functional diversity, 127 5.8 "Seascape" as an organizing principle, 131 5.9 Natural history: the basis for conservation, 132 6 CHESAPEAKE BAY: ESTUARINE RESTORATION WITH AN ENVIRONMENTAL DEBT, 137 6.1 The great shellfish bay, 137 6.2 Ecological linkages to natural wealth, 137 6.3 Eastern oyster: quintessential estuarine species, 151 6.4 From resource abundance to ecosystem change, 154 6.5 Bay restoration: chartering a course, 163 6.6 People shall judge, 165 7 BERING SEA SEALS AND WALRUSES: RESPONSES TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE, 171 G. Carleton Ray, Gary L. Hufford, Thomas R. Loughlin and Igor Krupnik 7.1 A short history of dramatic change, 171 7.2 Biophysical setting, 172 7.3 Marine mammals of the southeastern Bering Sea, 174 7.4 Ice-dependent pinnipeds of the northern Bering Sea, 179 7.5 Do large marine mammals matter?, 186 7.6 The conflict arena, 191 7.7 Cultural factors: subsistence hunting, traditional knowledge, and community well-being, 194 7.8 Are Beringian pinnipeds and the Bering Sea ecosystem at risk?, 197 8 THE BAHAMAS: CONSERVATION FOR A TROPICAL ISLAND NATION, 200 8.1 A nation of islands, 200 8.2 Biophysical and social setting, 200 8.3 Conservation issues, 207 8.4 Governance for sustainability, 222 8.5 Island system at a crossroads, 230 9 THE ISLES OF SCILLY: SUSTAINING BIODIVERSITY, 234 Richard M. Warwick 9.1 Setting the scene, 234 9.2 Physical and biogeographic setting, 234 9.3 Measuring and measures of biodiversity, 237 9.4 Sustaining biodiversity from possible threats, 253 9.5 Conservation legislation, mechanisms, and voluntary actions, 256 9.6 The conservation status of Scilly, 260 10 GWAII HAANAS: FROM CONFLICT TO COOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT, 262 N. A. Sloan 10.1 Nation-to-nation pursuit of land-sea conservation, 262 10.2 Natural heritage, 263 10.3 Cultural and commercial heritage, 272 10.4 Integrating land-sea conservation, 278 10.5 Crucible for ecosystem-based management, 284 11 SOUTH AFRICA: COASTAL-MARINE CONSERVATION AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN A DYNAMIC SOCIO-POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT, 288 Barry Clark and Allan Heydorn 11.1 A challenge for governance, 288 11.2 South Africa’s coastal realm: physical, biotic, and human setting, 289 11.3 Major conservation issues of South African coasts, 294 11.4 Coastal resource management: past and present, 303 11.5 In pursuit of the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve, 306 11.6 The future of coastal management in South Africa, 311 12 SPECIES-DRIVEN CONSERVATION OF PATAGONIAN SEASCAPES, 315 Claudio Campagna, Valeria Falabella, and Victoria Zavattieri 12.1 Darwin's Patagonia, 315 12.2 A conservation dilemma, 316 12.3 Oceanographic and biogeographic settings, 319 12.4 Conservation setting: the status of a non-pristine ocean, 322 12.5 Seascape species: a first approach to setting conservation priorities, 323 12.6 From seascape spaces to important foraging areas, 324 12.7 The concept of "Large Ocean Reserves", 326 12.8 A first step towards a Patagonian Sea LOR: candidate areas for conservation, 331 12.9 Making slow progress, 335 References, 336 Suggested readings, 337 13 FROM BEING TO BECOMING: A FUTURE VISION, 339 13.1 The new normal, 339 13.2 From being . . . , 339 13.3 . . . to becoming, 340 13.4 Emerging concepts for marine conservation, 344 13.5 Look to the future, 353 References, 353 Species index, 357 Subject index, 361
£43.65
Johns Hopkins University Press Life in the Dark
Book SynopsisFenolio's rich and vibrant images shed new light on the world's fascinating creatures of darkness.Trade ReviewA well illustrated introduction to [deep sea] creatures! The Birdbooker Report In this intriguing text, Dante Fenolio takes readers on a remarkable tour of some of the most unique and extreme environments on Earth. From the abyssal depths of the deep ocean to the subterranean worlds of caves, this impressive collection of photographic essays provides a celebration of biodiversity in realms that exist in perpetual darkness. Underground Movement ... mesmerizing... Publishers Weekly ... amazing and full of detail... a must read MonsterFish Keepers.com If Edgar Allan Poe had been a nature photographer, he might have written a story with the following title: Life in the Dark... Fenolio's photography will capture anyone's attention. The writing is also excellent, with a conservation thread that runs throughout the book. -- Whit Gibbons Tuscaloosa News Life in the Dark is a coffee-table-book-sized hardcover that immediately entrances and sucks you in like an addictive thriller. The design features glossy black pages that help give a sense of the dark depths of the oceans of our planet. The pictures and photography are spectacular, with incredible detail and color. The book is also packed with information on different fish and watery wildlife from below, showing just how complicated and fascinating nature can get in an ecosystem of darkness with a pressure level that would squash an ordinary person as flat as a pancake. Manhattan Book Review With more than 200 first-class photographs accompanied by informative texts this author portrays the large diversity of these organisms living in lightless settings as well as pictures of these environments... Fenolio is a rare combination of someone with a doctorate in biology but who happens to be one of the best wildlife photographers around. Environmental Biology of Fishes ... I devoured this book; I read it like a novel while I marveled at the images. Marveled at the magnificent diversity of life on earth. Marveled at the beauty of evolution. If you're a naturalist, if you consider yourself in biodiversity's fan club, even if you just like a good photograph: buy this book. You will not be disappointed. It will open your eyes to a part of the planet that you likely have never seen or even pondered. Nature - Cool Green Science Fenolio's book showcases these rarely seen creatures in all their glory. From bioluminescent sea-life to creatures with refined senses to help them survive sans sunlight, Life in the Dark highlights these unbelievable creatures like never before. The Weather Channel Dante Fenolio's Life in the Dark: Illuminating Biodiversity in the Shadowy Haunts of Planet Earth reads like an unlikely cross between a deeply informative - yet easily digested - textbook and a slick coffee table book of obscure wildlife photography... Through crystal-clear visions of creatures clad in both flamboyant neon skins and prehistoric-looking camouflage getups, biodiversity takes center stage in dramatic fashion. The San Antonio Current ... to say that the photography of such a difficult and diverse subject is utterly stunning is to give poor credit... Think of Life in the Dark as a picture-rich, inspiring and personal journey by a naturalist through the world's more unusual forms of nature, accompanied by readable text and comment designed to draw you into learning more... If you have the slightest interest in nature, let alone caves, this book will captivate you. Descent Life In The Dark: Illuminating Biodiversity in the Shadowy Haunts of Planet Earth takes readers on a spectacular photographic tour of the places that our eyes alone could never show us: the unfathomable pitch black darkness of the deep ocean and caves and rivers far below the earth's surface... If there's one lesson [it] teaches, it's that the complexity and diversity of life is far greater than most of us could possibly imagine. Eastern Surf Highly recommended. Choice I can't imagine anyone not liking Life in the Dark. There is something for everyone here. The sheer number of beautiful and unique images is enough to make most ASIH members swoon. But there is a lot more here to draw inspiration from too. Buy this book! American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists Fenolio has done the impossible- he has produced a scientific coffee table book. This large format volume contains more than 200 stunning color photographs and an excellent text that includes references for those who want to know more. Although written to be accessible by the general public, the references and glossary make this a book that will appeal to a very wide rang of readers interested in natural history. SPNHC Connection ... full of fabulous pictures of weird and wonderful creatures... [ Life in the Dark is] loaded with information and carrys a strong conservation message. Conservation BiologyTable of ContentsNote to the ReaderAcknowledgments1. An Introduction to Life in the Dark2. The Deep SeaZooplanktonInvertebratesVertebratesThe Sea FloorNear-Shore Deepwater Wildlife3. Dark Freshwater Habitats4. Fossorial WildlifeFossorial BiodiversityTermite Mound Wildlife5. Subterranean LifeCavefishesOther VertebratesInvertebrates6. The Parasites Within7. ConservationAppendix Amphibian Skin Secretions and Potential Use by HumansGlossaryLiterature CitedIn AppreciationIndex
£31.35
Duke University Press Coral Empire
Book SynopsisAnn Elias traces the history of two explorers whose photographs and films of tropical reefs in the 1920s cast corals and the sea as an unexplored territory to be exploited in ways that tied the tropics and reefs to colonialism, racism, and the human domination of nature.Trade Review"Coral Empire’s postcolonial jeremiad also registers the joyful endurance of surrealist visions of the submarine as a deliriously consciousness-altering realm." -- James Delbourgo * TLS *"[This] book shows that interdisciplinarity is possible. Elias combines the history of underwater cinematography and diving with attention to the surrealist art movement, natural history collecting, colonialism, and the history of tourism, and through this rich patchwork traces shifting popular interpretations of coral imagery in the early twentieth century." -- Antony Adler * Environmental History *"Ann Elias’ fascinating book couldn’t come at a better time. . . . Elias focuses on long neglected images from cinema, dioramas from museums, and illustrations from the press. She cleverly articulates them through a set of unexpected global connections that powerfully mobilise all the transforming ideas of empire, race, technology and nature at the time." -- Martyn Jolly * Australian Historical Studies *"This book is well written and the short chapters make it extremely readable. In addition, the book is beautifully printed, with black-and-white images embedded in chapters and their color counterparts inserted in the middle of the book. It is refreshing to see a book that relies on the reading of images paying such close attention to their reproduction in the text." -- Samantha Muka * H-Net Reviews *Table of ContentsAcknowledgments ix Introduction 1 Part I. The Coral Uncanny 1. Coral Empire 15 2. Mad Love 29 Part II. John Ernest Williamson and the Bahamas 3. Williamson and the Photosphere 49 4. The Field Museum—Williamson Undersea Expedition 68 5. Under the Sea 83 6. Williamson in Australia 97 Part III. Frank Hurley and the Great Barrier Reef 7. Hurley and the Floor of the Sea 117 8. Hurley and the Australian Museum Expedition 131 9. Pearls and Savages 147 10. Hurley and the Torres Strait Diver 165 Part IV. Hurley and Williamson 11. Explorers and Modern Media 185 12. Color and Tourism 199 Part V. The Great Acceleration 13. The Anthropocene 217 Conclusion 230 Notes 235 Bibliography 261 Index 277
£72.25
Duke University Press Blue Legalities
Book SynopsisThe contributors to Blue Legalities attend to the seas as a legally and politically conflicted space to analyze the conflicts that emerge where systems of governance interact with complex geophysical, ecological, economic, biological, and technological processes.Trade Review“Not a minute too early, the ‘blue turn’ finally takes pride of place in legal thinking. Blue Legalities balances the legal and the liquid in all their emanations. The contributions span from the oceanic depths of our planet to the glimmering surface of our limited comprehension, combining in an undeniably poetic whole, law, politics, science, anthropology, history, and philosophy amongst other epistemes. The feat of this book is diving headlong in the fathomless challenge of treating the material and the textual as one ontological ripple.” -- Andreas Philippopoulos-Mihalopoulos, author of * Spatial Justice: Body, Lawscape, Atmosphere *“Elisabeth Mann Borgese, one of the architects of the first Law of the Sea conference, argued that any approach to the ocean must be inherently interdisciplinary. Irus Braverman and Elizabeth R. Johnson have fulfilled this claim with a wonderful interdisciplinary collection. Plumbing the depths of human and more-than-human life and law at sea, this volume is a welcome and timely contribution to the field of critical ocean studies.” -- Elizabeth M. DeLoughrey, author of * Allegories of the Anthropocene *Table of ContentsIntroduction. Blue Legalities: Governing More-Than-Human Oceans / Elizabeth R. Johnson and Irus Braverman 1 1. Solwara 1 and the Sessile Ones / Susan Reid 25 2. Held in Suspense: Mustard Gas Legalities in the Gotland Deep / Astrida Neimanis 45 3. Kauri and the Whale: Oceanic Matter and Meaning in New Zealand / Katherine G. Sammler 63 4. Edges and Flows: Exploring Legal Materialities and Biophysical Politics of Sea Ice / Philip E. Steinberg, Berit Kristoffersen, and Kristen L. Shake 85 5. Liquid Territory, Shifting Sands: Property, Sovereignty, and Space in Southeast Asia's Tristate Maritime Boundary Zone / Jennifer L. Gaynor 107 6. Wave Law / Stefan Helmreich 129 7. Robotic Life in the Deep Sea / Irus Braverman 147 8. The Technopolitics of Ocean Sensing / Jessica Lehman 165 9. The Hydra and the Leviathan: Unmanned Maritime Vehicles and the Militarized Seaspace / Elizabeth R. Johnson 183 10. Clupea Liberum: Hugo Grotius, Free Seas, and the Political Biology of Herring / Alison Rieser 201 11. Whales and the Colonization of the Pacific Ocean / Zsofia Korosy 219 12. The Sea Wolf and the Sovereign / Stephanie Jones 237 13. Marine Microbiopolitics: Haunted Microbes before the Law / Astrid Schrader 255 14. "Got Algae?": Putting Marine Life to Work for Sustainability / Amy Braun 275 15. "Climate Engineering Doesn't Stop Ocean Acidification": Addressing Harms to Ocean Life in Geoengineering Imaginaries / Holly Jean Buck 295 Afterword. Adequate Imaginaries for Anthropocene Seas / Stacy Alaimo 311 Contributors 327 Index 331
£112.20
Duke University Press The Ocean Reader
Book SynopsisFrom prehistoric times to the present, the Ocean has been used as a highway for trade, a source of food and resources, and a space for recreation and military conquest, as well as an inspiration for religion, culture, and the arts. The Ocean Reader charts humans'' relationship to the Ocean, which has often been seen as a changeless space without a history. It collects familiar, forgotten, and previously unpublished texts from all corners of the world. Spanning antiquity to the present, the volume''s selections cover myriad topics including the slave trade, explorers from China and the Middle East, shipwrecks and castaways, Caribbean and Somali pirates, battles and U-boats, narratives of the Ocean''s origins, and the devastating effects of climate change. Containing gems of maritime writing ranging from myth, memoir, poetry, and scientific research to journalism, song lyrics, and scholarly writing, The Ocean Reader is the essential guide for all those wanting to understandTrade Review“Eric Paul Roorda’s selections for The Ocean Reader constitute an essential introduction to the wealth of writing—factual, fictional, and meditative; historical, experiential, and environmental—generated by people around the world throughout the course of recorded history. This volume is an essential companion for anyone interested in the story of our collective engagement with the world Ocean that touches us all.” -- Lincoln Paine, author of * The Sea and Civilization: A Maritime History of the World *“It's easy to pay lip service to the Ocean's vastness and its essential importance in human history. And yet, as Eric Paul Roorda notes, we still hold on to the conceit that only life on land really matters. This fabulous anthology—as deep as the Ocean itself—is a stunning compendium of materials that, for the landlubbers among us, opens up remarkably new understandings.” -- Orin Starn, Professor of Cultural Anthropology and History, Duke University"The very breadth of the selections and some of the breeziness of some of the writing keeps things on an even keel. Extra credit for including a geek’s delight that combines the absurd with a hint of the ominous: The story of how rubber duckies flung overboard in a storm proceeded to become pioneering conquerors of the Northwest Passage. The once-mythical trade route that swallowed up entire expeditions will soon become reality (and a potential trade war prize) thanks to global warming." -- T. E. Lyons * LEO Weekly *"Comprising 71 percent of the planet, the oceans are undoubtedly multifaceted, as this rich collection demonstrates, further exploring how humans have interacted and changed this vast watery realm over time. Recommended. All readership levels." -- JB. Richardson III * Choice *"A rich and valuable addition to anthologies of maritime writings.… A wonderful supplement for a global or maritime history course or an interdisciplinary course that explores the Ocean on its own terms." -- Dr. Patricia B. Bixel * World History Connected *"The short extracts from a wide range of larger works in The Ocean Reader at times have the rapid-fire feeing of an overstuffed lecture—but it is the best kind of lecture, the sort that has its audience madly scribbling down bibliographical details to follow up on later.… It would make an excellent backbone text for an introductory classroom or a stimulating reference for researchers looking to expand their view of the Ocean." -- Steve Mentz * Journal of Historical Geography *"A timely addition to a growing body of literature that seeks to historicize the world's oceans occupying an expanding 70 per cent of the Earth's surface.… Especially for individuals tasked with the difficult assignment of putting together a course on the oceans, possibly even through the ever-increasing virtual format, Roorda's reader offers an outstanding starting point." -- Rainer F. Buschmann * Journal of Pacific History *"A unique addition to the burgeoning field of ocean history. . . . as a pedagogical resource, The Ocean Reader is potentially invaluable. For those who teach surveys of ocean history there is nothing quite comparable for use in the classroom." -- Jack Bouchard * H-Sci-Med-Tech, H-Net Reviews *Table of ContentsA Note on The Ocean Reader xv Acknowledgments xvii Introduction 1 I. Creation 5 II. Ancient Seas 41 III. Unknown Waters 73 IV. Saltwater Hunt 121 V. Watery Highways 151 VI. Battlefields 203 VII. Piracy 261 VIII. Shipwrecks and Castaways 297 IX. Inspiration 337 X. Recreation 377 XI. Laboratory 433 XII. The Endangered Ocean 463 Suggestions for Further Reading 499 Acknowledgment of Copyrights and Sources 505 Index 515
£92.70
Duke University Press The Ocean Reader
Book SynopsisFrom prehistoric times to the present, the Ocean has been used as a highway for trade, a source of food and resources, and a space for recreation and military conquest, as well as an inspiration for religion, culture, and the arts. The Ocean Reader charts humans'' relationship to the Ocean, which has often been seen as a changeless space without a history. It collects familiar, forgotten, and previously unpublished texts from all corners of the world. Spanning antiquity to the present, the volume''s selections cover myriad topics including the slave trade, explorers from China and the Middle East, shipwrecks and castaways, Caribbean and Somali pirates, battles and U-boats, narratives of the Ocean''s origins, and the devastating effects of climate change. Containing gems of maritime writing ranging from myth, memoir, poetry, and scientific research to journalism, song lyrics, and scholarly writing, The Ocean Reader is the essential guide for all those wanting to understandTrade Review“Eric Paul Roorda’s selections for The Ocean Reader constitute an essential introduction to the wealth of writing—factual, fictional, and meditative; historical, experiential, and environmental—generated by people around the world throughout the course of recorded history. This volume is an essential companion for anyone interested in the story of our collective engagement with the world Ocean that touches us all.” -- Lincoln Paine, author of * The Sea and Civilization: A Maritime History of the World *“It's easy to pay lip service to the Ocean's vastness and its essential importance in human history. And yet, as Eric Paul Roorda notes, we still hold on to the conceit that only life on land really matters. This fabulous anthology—as deep as the Ocean itself—is a stunning compendium of materials that, for the landlubbers among us, opens up remarkably new understandings.” -- Orin Starn, Professor of Cultural Anthropology and History, Duke University"The very breadth of the selections and some of the breeziness of some of the writing keeps things on an even keel. Extra credit for including a geek’s delight that combines the absurd with a hint of the ominous: The story of how rubber duckies flung overboard in a storm proceeded to become pioneering conquerors of the Northwest Passage. The once-mythical trade route that swallowed up entire expeditions will soon become reality (and a potential trade war prize) thanks to global warming." -- T. E. Lyons * LEO Weekly *"Comprising 71 percent of the planet, the oceans are undoubtedly multifaceted, as this rich collection demonstrates, further exploring how humans have interacted and changed this vast watery realm over time. Recommended. All readership levels." -- JB. Richardson III * Choice *"A rich and valuable addition to anthologies of maritime writings.… A wonderful supplement for a global or maritime history course or an interdisciplinary course that explores the Ocean on its own terms." -- Dr. Patricia B. Bixel * World History Connected *"The short extracts from a wide range of larger works in The Ocean Reader at times have the rapid-fire feeing of an overstuffed lecture—but it is the best kind of lecture, the sort that has its audience madly scribbling down bibliographical details to follow up on later.… It would make an excellent backbone text for an introductory classroom or a stimulating reference for researchers looking to expand their view of the Ocean." -- Steve Mentz * Journal of Historical Geography *"A timely addition to a growing body of literature that seeks to historicize the world's oceans occupying an expanding 70 per cent of the Earth's surface.… Especially for individuals tasked with the difficult assignment of putting together a course on the oceans, possibly even through the ever-increasing virtual format, Roorda's reader offers an outstanding starting point." -- Rainer F. Buschmann * Journal of Pacific History *"A unique addition to the burgeoning field of ocean history. . . . as a pedagogical resource, The Ocean Reader is potentially invaluable. For those who teach surveys of ocean history there is nothing quite comparable for use in the classroom." -- Jack Bouchard * H-Sci-Med-Tech, H-Net Reviews *Table of ContentsA Note on The Ocean Reader xv Acknowledgments xvii Introduction 1 I. Creation 5 II. Ancient Seas 41 III. Unknown Waters 73 IV. Saltwater Hunt 121 V. Watery Highways 151 VI. Battlefields 203 VII. Piracy 261 VIII. Shipwrecks and Castaways 297 IX. Inspiration 337 X. Recreation 377 XI. Laboratory 433 XII. The Endangered Ocean 463 Suggestions for Further Reading 499 Acknowledgment of Copyrights and Sources 505 Index 515
£22.79
Duke University Press A Book of Waves
Book SynopsisIn A Book of Waves Stefan Helmreich examines ocean waves as forms of media that carry ecological, geopolitical, and climatological news about our planet. Drawing on ethnographic work with oceanographers and coastal engineers in the Netherlands, the United States, Australia, Japan, and Bangladesh, Helmreich details how scientists at sea and in the lab apprehend waves’ materiality through abstractions, seeking to capture in technical language these avatars of nature at once periodic and irreversible, wild and pacific, ephemeral and eternal. For researchers and their publics, the meanings of waves also reflect visions of the ocean as an environmental infrastructure fundamental to trade, travel, warfare, humanitarian rescue, recreation, and managing sea level rise. Interleaving ethnographic chapters with reflections on waves in mythology, surf culture, feminist theory, film, Indigenous Pacific activisms, Black Atlantic history, cosmology, and more, Helmreich demonstrates how wTable of ContentsForeword / Daniel R. Reichman and Robert J. Foster ix Preliminary. Forward and Back xiii Preface. Wave Clutter xv Introduction. Significant Waves 1 1. From the Waterwolf to the Sand Motor: Domesticating Waves in the Netherlands 31 Set One First Wave: The Genders of Waves 71 Second Wave: Venice Hologram 79 Third Wave: Wave Navigation, Sea of Islands 83 2. Flipping the Ship: Oriented Knowledge, Media, and Waves in the Field, Scripps Institution of Oceanography 91 Set Two First Wave: Being the Wave 141 Second Wave: Radio Ocean 148 Third Wave: Gravitational Waves, Sounded 154 3. Waves to Order and Disorder: Making and Breaking Scale Models inside and outside the Lab, from Oregon to Japan 159 Set Three First Wave: Massive Movie Waves 192 Second Wave: Hokusai Now 203 Third Wave: Blood, Waves 208 4. World Wide Waves, In Silico: Computer Memory, Ocean Memory, and Version Control in the Global Data Stack 211 Set Four First Wave: Middle Passages 242 Second Wave: Wave Power 250 Third Wave: Wave Theory ~ Social Theory 257 5. Wave Theory, Southern Theory: Disorienting Planetary Oceanic Futures, Indian Ocean 269 Postface. The Ends of Waves 301 Acknowledgments 305 Notes 311 References 339 Index 389
£83.30
University of Toronto Press The Arctic Frontier
Book SynopsisThe idea of the Arctic Ocean as a mediterranean sea is a shock to those of us—and that includes most of us—who cannot shake ourselves free of the Mercatorean vision. Yet this theme is repeated by many of the eminent ocntributors to this volume: as Michael Marsden states, "IT is difficult to impress upon the public and industry at large that the most essential quality of the Arctic is not cold, or gold, or polar bears, but a central position in the world community." This book, then, is about the North as a frontier, and about Canada's relations with the world beyond that frontier. It is about the Arctic community of which Canada is one of the major members, along with the Soviet Union, the United States, Denmark, Iceland, and Norway. It is also an exercise in perspective. Canadians have long been aware of the significance of their Atlantic and Pacific frontiers and of the implications of their Southern frontier. This volume points out that Canada is not a three-sided count
£24.29
University of Nebraska Press Transforming the Fisheries
Book SynopsisThere is now widespread agreement that fish stocks are severely depleted and fishing activity must be limited. At the same time, the promise of the green economy appears to offer profitable new opportunities for a sustainable seafood industry. What do these seemingly contradictory ideas of natural limits and green growth mean in practice? What do they tell us more generally about current transformations to the way nature is valued and managed? And who suffers and who benefits from these new ecological arrangements? Far from abstract policy considerations, Patrick Bresnihan shows how new approaches to environmental management are transforming the fisheries and generating novel forms of exclusion in the process.Transforming the Fisheries examines how scientific, economic, and regulatory responses to the problem of overfishing have changed over the past twenty years. Based on fieldwork in a commercial fishing port in Ireland, Bresnihan weaves together ethnography, Trade Review "A must read."—Antipode“Eloquently written, deeply researched, deftly argued. This is a brilliant, critical reappraisal of capitalism’s relationship with the sea and should be read by anyone concerned with environmental crisis more generally.”—Christian Parenti, author of Tropic of Chaos: Climate Change and the New Geography of Violence“A gracefully written and analytically powerful account of the crisis of European fisheries. Bresnihan’s Transforming the Fisheries ranks among the most insightful of a new wave of political ecology, ably weaving together work, power, and capital. It is must reading for anyone concerned about ecological crisis and global capitalism.”—Jason W. Moore, associate professor at Binghamton University and author of Capitalism in the Web of Life: Ecology and the Accumulation of Capital“Transforming the Fisheries is a milestone in current debates on the commons. It not only offers an insightful discussion of the many radically divergent approaches to the commons and their complex relations to politics, but also provides a framework for rethinking and expanding the commons beyond its intense liberal and humanist entanglements. It introduces an understanding of the commons as a shared practice of socio-material experimentation.”—Dimitris Papadopoulos, associate professor at Leicester University and coauthor of Escape Routes: Control and Subversion in the Twenty-First Century Table of ContentsAcknowledgments1. Introduction: Ecological Crises and Beyond2. The End of the Line: Scarcity, Liberalism, and Enclosure3. Stewards of the Sea: Neoliberalism and the Making of the Environmental Entrepreneur4. Community-Managed Resources: A “Third Way” for Environmental Governance5. The More-Than-Human Commons: From Commons to Commoning6. Conclusion: Neoliberalism and the CommonsNotesBibliographyIndex
£17.99
University of Nebraska Press The Settler Sea
Book SynopsisAn environmental history of Southern California’s Salton Sea, the state’s largest inland body of water, and the complex politics of environmental and human health in the West.Trade Review"Writing from an environmental justice framework, Voyles (women's and gender studies, Univ. of Oklahoma) presents a detailed environmental history of the area around the Salton Sea, covering early Indigenous people, the coming of the settler colonists, the flora and fauna, the role of dams, insects, prisons, and the military's use of the area. . . . This is a must-read volume for anyone interested in environmental justice."—H. Quintana, Choice"This book is cutting edge scholarship. It incorporates feminist studies, settler colonialism, carceral studies, and environmental justice into local history. . . . It belongs on the top shelf of histories of southern California."—Benny J. Andrés Jr., Southern California Quarterly"As an act of intersectional scholarship, The Settler Sea is a remarkable achievement. Voyles is a competent writer with an enviable ability to build a narrative from reams of data, oral histories, census rolls, newspaper accounts and other sources. She gathers many spools of thread and artfully weaves them so the reader sees the links between past and present, the many unintended consequences of colonialism, including the colonization of the Colorado River which sits at the heart of this story, as well as the social and ecological impacts of military bases, corporate agriculture, tourism, and prisons. The picture that emerges by the end of the book is full and complex, but also disturbing when one reflects on the reasons behind all the damage wrought to the region."—Brian Tanguay, California Review of Books“In this story of the Salton Sea, Voyles paints an unconventional picture of a landscape that has been subject to every kind of abuse the settler state can inflict. It is a cautionary tale that links colonization of people with colonization of nature, refusing to see the two as different. And it reminds us that when we think spatially, centering land in our social narratives, we can more clearly see the inequities imposed by the settler state on racialized others. The Settler Sea is a delight to read, mixing metaphor with fact in a way that reflects the contradictions and ambiguities of the Salton Sea.”—Dina Gilio-Whitaker, author of As Long as Grass Grows: The Indigenous Fight for Environmental Justice from Colonization to Standing Rock“The Salton Sea may seem an odd place to interrogate the history of a settler society that dispossessed Native peoples and transformed the American West, but as Traci Voyles brilliantly shows us, all of the toxic pathologies of the colonial have flowed into and concentrated in this closed desert sink, only to become exposed to view as the shimmering settler dream evaporates. The Settler Sea is what the next generation of environmental history should look like.”—Paul S. Sutter, author of Let Us Now Praise Famous Gullies: Providence Canyon and the Soils of the South“Deeply researched and elegantly written. . . . Through the themes of settler colonialism and border studies, The Settler Sea reveals the ways that the exploitation of the environment in the name of food security through industrial agriculture went hand-in-glove with exploitation of the people and their labor in the Imperial Valley. The result is that the Salton Sea today is both a toxic wasteland from overuse as well as an indispensable natural resource that has endured despite the onslaught.”—Maria E. Montoya, author of Translating Property: The Maxwell Land Grant and the Conflict over Land in the American West, 1840–1900“Traci Brynne Voyles masterfully centers settler colonialism in environmental history, particularly the ways that landscapes and built environments, such as the Salton Sea and its related components, are refigured through settler colonialism to produce settler colonial outcomes. Voyles adeptly draws on many analytical angles to reveal the complexity of the Salton Sea, its complicated ecologies, and its problems.”—Joshua L. Reid, author of The Sea Is My Country: The Maritime World of the Makahs“Drawing on deep research, Voyles analyzes her subject matter brilliantly. Moreover, her prose is evocative, giving the reader a deep sense of both place and change over time. Consistently absorbing, The Settler Sea offers a powerful and disturbing history of a place that illuminates the costs of centuries of colonialism and points to the future. The Settler Sea makes an important contribution to Western history, environmental history, and Native American and Indigenous studies.”—Christina Snyder, author of Great Crossings: Indians, Settlers, and Slaves in the Age of JacksonTable of ContentsList of Illustrations Acknowledgments A Note on Naming Introduction: A World on the Brink Part 1 1. Desert 2. Flood Part 2 3. Birds 4. Concrete 5. Bodies Part 3 6. Bombs 7. Chains 8. Toxins Conclusion: A How-To Guide to Saving the Salton Sea Notes Bibliography Index
£45.00
University of Minnesota Press Drawing the Sea Near: Satoumi and Coral Reef
Book SynopsisHow Japanese coastal residents and transnational conservationists collaborated to foster relationships between humans and sea life Drawing the Sea Near opens a new window to our understanding of transnational conservation by investigating projects in Okinawa shaped by a “conservation-near” approach—which draws on the senses, the body, and memory to collapse the distance between people and their surroundings and to foster collaboration and equity between coastal residents and transnational conservation organizations. This approach contrasts with the traditional Western “conservation-far” model premised on the separation of humans from the environment.Based on twenty months of participant observation and interviews, this richly detailed, engagingly written ethnography focuses on Okinawa’s coral reefs to explore an unusually inclusive, experiential, and socially just approach to conservation. In doing so, C. Anne Claus challenges orthodox assumptions about nature, wilderness, and the future of environmentalism within transnational organizations. She provides a compelling look at how transnational conservation organizations—in this case a field office of the World Wide Fund for Nature in Okinawa—negotiate institutional expectations for conservation with localized approaches to caring for ocean life. In pursuing how particular projects off the coast of Japan unfolded, Drawing the Sea Near illuminates the real challenges and possibilities of work within the multifaceted transnational structures of global conservation organizations. Uniquely, it focuses on the conservationists themselves: why and how has their approach to project work changed, and how have they themselves been transformed in the process?Trade Review"This is a fascinating, original, and important ethnography of how conservation can decolonize itself and the multiple benefits of doing so. In thought-provoking and clear prose, C. Anne Claus has provided a sympathetic and challenging account that will be warmly welcomed by anyone working with, on, or for conservation. It is especially interesting for anyone who wants to better understand how large conservation organizations like the WWF function—and change."—Dan Brockington, author of Fortress Conservation and Nature Unbound "Claus’ book offers a most captivating and original ethnographic study that brings together several important topics that have hitherto not been put into dialogue, like the way different boarders - ecological, linguistic, social, sensorial- are linked and function as agents in the reconfiguration of human lives."—Contemporary Japan "Through rich ethnographic engagement with conservationists, and local practices that could be glimpsed through the beautiful interludes, this book is an invaluable contribution to scholarly efforts to decolonise conservation that, ultimately, draws the sea near to the readers themselves."—Ethos: Journal of Anthropology "An important contribution of anthropological ethnography to the studies of conservation and environmentalism. Concise yet enriching discussions of Japanese and Okinawan center–peripheral relations also make this ethnography an excellent case study and teaching resource for contemporary Japanese society and environmental politics."—American Anthropologist"The book’s clear prose offers an account of a case study that will certainly be engaging for many environmental scholars across disciplines. We are fortunate Claus made the ethnography personal - storifying it ensures that broader audiences are not deprived of the clear writing and important takeaways of Drawing the Sea Near."—Electronic Green Journal"In her new book, C. Anne Claus introduces some of the activities of marine conservation NGOs on the islands of Ishigaki and Okinawa. The result is an original, ethnographically rich, and convincingly interdisciplinary monograph of interest not only to environmental anthropologists and Okinawan studies scholars, but also to scholars working in development studies, political ecology, and nature conservation more broadly. "—Japan Review"The beauty of the volume lies in it moving beyond simply presenting egregious failures of transnational conversation, as such critiques are already well-documented in the literature, to presenting methodical, well-researched, and rich ethnographic detail that highlights the history of conversation and the need for equity and social justice. The author does so with descriptions and detail that easily conjure up the colours and flavours of the sea and local peoples. "—Anthropological ReviewTable of ContentsContentsAbbreviationsIntroduction: Drawing Near1. The Airport Problem: Transnational Politics at Japan’s EdgeA Song of Scientific Pluralism2. Satoumi: Localism, Environmentalism, and the Development of an Oceanic SocionatureShiraho’s Nearshore Sea (ino)3. Conservation in Collaboration: Transforming Practices at World Wide Fund for Nature’s Field StationSeeing the Sea4. Gustatory Engagements: The Taste of Okinawa’s SeaGods and Ghosts of the Sea5. Transnational Conservation: Compositions, Circumventions, and ConflictsSea Stories6. Touching and Smelling: Challenging Scientific Authority in Coral EncountersAcknowledgmentsNotesBibliographyIndex
£20.69
Texas A & M University Press Benthic Foraminifera of the Gulf of Mexico:
Book SynopsisIn 1981, Woods Hole researcher C. Wylie Poag published the book Ecological Atlas of the Benthic Foraminifera of the Gulf of Mexico.In this new volume, Poag has revised and updated the atlas, incorporating three decades of extensive data collections from the open Gulf and from an additional seventeen estuarine systems to cover species of benthic foraminifera from more than eight thousand sample stations. Benthic Foraminifera of the Gulf of Mexico features 68 plates of scanning electron photomicrographs, 64 color figures, and a large color foldout map, indicating species distribution of forams.This book is designed to aid students and teachers of geology, biology, oceanography, and ecology, as well as micropaleontologists in government and industry laboratories, and other researchers and consultants who have an interest in benthic ecology or paleoecology.
£56.25
University of Utah Press,U.S. Re-Envisioning the Anthropocene Ocean
Book SynopsisThe world is at a critical moment, when humans must grapple with thinking about the planet’s oceans from ecological, physical, social, and legal perspectives. Warming ocean temperatures, changing currents, cultural displacement, Indigenous resilience, melting polar ice, habitat loss, are but a few of the global issues reflected in the planetary ocean as a front line in the unfolding drama of climate change. Re-Envisioning the Anthropocene Ocean brings together leading scientists, lawyers, humanists, and Indigenous voices to tell of the ocean’s precarious position in the twenty-first century. The contributors affirm that the planetary ocean is crucial to our well-being and overdue for a positive change in public action to enhance the world’s resilience to climate change, ocean acidification, and other stressors. These essays begin that crucial work of positively re-imagining the ocean in the Anthropocene. This volume brings diverse perspectives to the planet’s ocean future. New essays are contextualized with narratives woven from earlier ocean writers, showing readers how past perceptions of the ocean have led us to where we are today in terms of both problems and potential new visions. In this one volume, readers experience both the history of humanity’s multi- and interdisciplinary interactions with the ocean, find new perspectives on that history, and discover ideas for looking forward.Trade Review “The book makes a unique contribution in bringing together thinkers across a wide range of disciplines, from oceanography to law to literary criticism. There are a number of new voices contributing insights into ocean management, ocean protection, and ocean narrative.” —Anastasia M. Telesetsky, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo “This collection is unique and innovative in coordinating the knowledge of scholars from the sciences and the humanities, as well as notably in highlighting the importance of a legal perspective. The writing is engaging and replete with pithy citations along with memorable, helpful details. Re-envisioning the Anthropocene Ocean is at once enjoyable, sobering, and thought-provoking.” —Margaret Cohen, Stanford University Table of Contents 1. Introduction: Why Re- envision the Anthropocene Ocean? By Robin Kundis Craig and Jeffrey Mathes McCarthy Part I. Re- envisioning the Ocean as Connection Editors’ Introduction to Part I 2. Literary Oceans: Ship, Crew, Climate by Jeffrey Mathes McCarthy 3. Creating Ocean: Planetary Immersion and Premodern Globalization by Steve Mentz 4. Minds Tossing on the Ocean: Venice, the Sea, and the Crisis of Imagination by Shaul Bassi 5. Mobilizing Vessels and Voices: “A Climate Movement in the Pacific, for the Pacific, and with the Pacific” by Taylor Cunningham Part II. Re- envisioning Ocean Protection Editors’ Introduction to Part II 6. Humanity’s Changing Relationship with the Ocean by Jeremy B. C. Jackson 7. A Reservation of Water by Thomas Michael Swensen 8. Re-envisioning the Value of Marine Spaces in Law: Massachusetts Lobstermen’s Association v. Ross by Robin Kundis Craig 9. One Step Forward, Two Steps Back: Reforming the National Ocean Policy for the Twenty- First Century by Nathaniel E. Broadhurst 10. Rights of Nature: The Answer to Our Oceanic Issues? by Abigail Benesh Part III. Re- envisioning Ocean Action Editors’ Introduction to Part III 11. Plastic in the Pacific: How to Address an Environmental Catastrophe by Christopher Finlayson 12. Recrafting Narratives to Disrupt the Oceanic Plastic Plague by Brenda B. Bowen 13. Adaptive and Interactive Futures: Developing “Serious Games” for Coastal Community Engagement and Decision-Making by Kathryn K. Davies, Benjamin A. Davies, Paula Blackett, Paula Holland, and Nicholas Cradock- Henry 14. The Human Face of the Ocean: Creative Collaboration for Conservation Tierney Thys 15. Conclusion: Ocean Wildlife Photography as a Metaphor for the Anthropocene Ocean by Robin Kundis Craig Appendices: Inspiring Ocean Voices Editors’ Introduction Appendix A: A Deeper Historical Perspective 1. Excerpt from The Free Sea, by Hugo Grotius 2. “They that Occupy Their Business on Great Waters,” excerpt from Atlantic, by Simon Winchester 3. “From Davy Jones’ Locker to the Foot Locker: The Case of the Floating Nikes,” excerpt from The Social Construction of the Ocean, by Philip E. Steinberg Appendix B: A Broader Global Perspective 1. “Our Sea of Islands,” by Epeli Hau‘ofa 2. “Just Where Does One Get a License to Kill Indians?,” excerpt from The Sea Is My Country, by Joshua L. Reid 3. “Praise Song for Oceania,” by Craig Santos Perez 4. Excerpt from “Rehabilitation: A Proposal for a Climate Compensation Mechanism for Small Island States,” by Maxine Burkett Appendix C: A Snapshot of the Last Century of Scientific Calls to Arms 1. “The Encircling Sea,” excerpt from The Sea Around Us, by Rachel Carson 2. “Summary for Policymakers,” excerpt from Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate, by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change About the Contributors Index
£76.50
University Press of Florida Fishes in the Freshwaters of Florida
Book SynopsisThis book is a comprehensive identification guide to the 222 species of fishes in Florida’s fresh waters. Each species is presented with color photographs, key characteristics for identification, comparisons to similar species, habitat descriptions, and dot distribution maps.Florida's unique mix of species includes some of the world's favorite sport fishes, the Tarpon and Largemouth Bass. This guide also features three species native only to Florida-the Seminole Killifish, Flagfish, and Okaloosa Darter-and the smallest freshwater fish in North America, the Least Killifish. Ranging from the panhandle to the Everglades, their habitats include springs, creeks, rivers, lakes, ponds, swamps, marshes, and man-made canals.As Florida's human population grows, the state's freshwater environments are being changed in ways that threaten its native fishes. This book provides important information on the diversity, distribution, and environmental needs of both native and nonindigenous species, helping us monitor and take care of Florida's water and its aquatic inhabitants.
£45.00
University Press of Florida Imperiled Reef: The Fascinating, Fragile Life of
Book SynopsisThis book brings alive the richly diverse world of an underwater paradise: the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef. Stretching 625 miles through the Caribbean Sea along the coasts of Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras, this reef is the second largest coral structure on the planet. Imperiled Reef searches out the breathtaking intricacies of this endangered ecological treasure.Sandy Sheehy describes in eloquent detail the hard and soft corals, sponges, and myriad marine creatures—from sea turtles to jellyfish to dolphins—that interact to form a delicately balanced interdependent ecosystem, as well as the culturally diverse human communities that depend on them. She explores the work of marine biologists, oceanographers, and ecologists who have devoted their lives to studying this unique environment.Research shows that the future of the reef is at risk, Sheehy explains. Looking closely at threats ranging from global warming to overfishing to irresponsible development, Sheehy draws attention to the inspiring efforts of nongovernmental agencies, scientists, and local communities who are working together to address these challenges. She includes practical actions individuals can take to protect this reef—as well as marine ecosystems everywhere.Celebrating a vast, submerged landscape that has too often been undervalued, Imperiled Reef is both a strong case for protecting an international marvel and a powerful message of hope for the world’s oceans.Trade Review“[An] impassioned study. . . . There is much to savor in Sheehy’s paean to a unique ecosystem.”- Publishers Weekly;“Takes us on a fascinating journey through the unfolding crisis on the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef, and by extension the world’s oceans and climate. Sheehy possesses a deep knowledge of reef biodiversity and the ability to clearly convey not only the complicated challenges but also the concrete steps that can be taken to ensure healthy ocean ecosystems for future generations.”- Deb Castellana, director of strategic partnerships, Mission Blue/Sylvia Earle Alliance;“Australia’s Great Barrier Reef often hogs the spotlight, but as Sheehy’s book shows, the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef fringing the tropical Atlantic coast of the Americas is no less remarkable. You’ll meet the corals that build it and the charismatic creatures that call it home and make it function. Equally important, you’ll get to know the people dedicating their lives to the reef and learn what you can do to help it thrive.”- Nancy Knowlton, author of Citizens of the Sea: Wondrous Creatures from the Census of Marine Life;“It is delightful to see decades of science and conservation work in the Mesoamerican Reef being highlighted in this informative yet entertaining book, with so many great interviews from the field- where the real conservation happens.”- Melanie McField, director, Healthy Reefs for Healthy People Initiative;“Highlights an iconic place and the people who care for it even in the face of frightening challenges. May the continued commitment and innovation of these heroes serve as an example for others who are struggling to protect what is still intact and restore what has been lost.”- Stephen Gittings, science coordinator, NOAA Office of National Marine Sanctuaries.
£22.36
Liverpool University Press Introducing Sea Level Change
Book SynopsisOne of the most important issues in current debates on climate change is sea level rise. Hardly a day goes by when there is not a newspaper article, TV or radio presentation on the topic. Nearly half of the world's population live on or near the coast, so there is real concern about the impact that future sea level rise may have. Yet media predictions of future changes tend to be depicted in a sensationalist manner and quite often the explanations of the science of sea level change bear little relation to reality. This book details the history of scientific discoveries that have explained the patterns of sea level change that have taken place across the Earth in the past. Alastair Dawson introduces the many complex processes, some of which are not well-known, that influence patterns and rates of relative sea level change. Using this knowledge, the reader is much better placed to form a clearer perspective on what the future is likely to have in store for sea levels on Earth.Alastair Dawson first addresses some of the most important misconceptions about the topic of sea level change. He then explains the principal causes of sea level change focusing on the key issues of vertical land movements and changes in global ocean volume. He explores the key areas of science that we need to understand in order to evaluate competing assertions of how sea level is likely to change in the future. He also shows how, remarkably, the melting history of the last great ice sheets on Earth is still playing an important part in contributing to present patterns of sea level change. The book concludes with a consideration of the rates and patterns of sea level change that have occurred over the last century and demonstrates how satellite technology is presently contributing new ways of understanding of present patterns of change.Trade Review'This book is a timely publication due to current debates on climate change and is part of a series that focuses on introducing a particular subject area. It is a good format, not too long (only 84 pages, excluding glossary and further reading) and written in a way that is accessible to those at undergraduate level. The aim of the book is to introduce the subject of sea level change in a concise, readable way and to provide the reader with the key scientific information that is needed to understand the complex nature of sea level change. Sea level rise is an important issue within the broader topic of climate change. As about half the world's population lives near the coast, sea level rise is a real cause for concern for many people. However, sea level rise is not simply due to the melting of ice sheets and glaciers due to climate change, nor is the change uniform across the globe. Alistair Dawson attempts and succeeds to produce a 'rough guide' to sea level change by producing simple and straightforward explanations of a highly complicated topic.' The Holocene 'Introducing Sea Level Change more than fulfils its aim of providing the key scientific information on which to understand and discuss the topic. It gives a concise and accessible overview of sea level change without compromising its scientific rigour. It would give any able sixth form student, undergraduate or teacher a focussed explanation of the topic. The book would also be of great value to policy-makers and members of the public who want to be better informed about such an important aspect of climate change and the environmental consequences of sea level change.' Teaching Earth Sciences 'This succinct 101 pages text provides a scientific perspective on sea level change and enables readers from introductory students to general interest backgrounds to go beyond the hype and headline figures to forge an understanding of the causes, questions and rigorous techniques for estimating sea level change. One of the key strengths of the book is to demystify common misunderstandings about sea level, and a second is to delve deeply but simply into the quandaries which must be resolved in order to provide a good understanding of sea level change.' Scottish Geographical Journal 'Introducing Sea Level Change packs a lot into 101 pages. A stimulating introductory chapter on the meaning of sea-level covers everything from the Potsdam gravity 'potato' and the geoidal surface, to the politics of sea-level change, via tide gauges, radar interferometry and the Last Glacial Maximum. The following three chapters deal with the reconstruction of past sea-level changes, including the types of evidence used, the construction of sea-level curves and the long-term record. Chapters 5 and 6 review what we know about the causes of sea-level change, including isostatic, eustatic and steric changes. Chapters 7-10 provide a view of long-term sea-level change over the last full glacial cycle. This section provides an excellent insight into the complexity of unravelling past sea-level change, from modelling the impact of the gravitational pull of former ice sheets on sea-level, to the evidence for meltwater pulses and catastrophic sea-level rise at the end of the last glaciation. The final two chapters of the book focus on present and future change, and the difficulties of predicting how sea-level rise will impact on different parts of the world.' Scottish Journal of GeologyTable of ContentsPreface. List of illustrations and tables. 1: What does 'sea level' mean? 2: Evidence for former relative sea level changes; 3: Long-term chronologies of relative sea level change; 4: Reconstructing past changes in relative sea level; 5: Response of the Earth's crust to surface loads; 6: Processes of relative sea level change; 7: Ancient and modern ice sheets and relative sea level changes; 8: Relative sea level change during the last glacial maximum; 9: Ice sheets and meltwater pulses; 10: Abandoning global sea level curves; 11: Present and future relative sea level change; 12: Understanding sea level change. Glossary. Selected further reading.
£24.50
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc From Deep Sea to Laboratory 2: Discovering H.M.S.
Book SynopsisThe scientific expedition of H.M.S. Challenger in the 1870s marks the starting point of physical oceanography. This ship traveled the seas of the globe pursuing a dual objective: to conduct an in-depth study of animal life and to observe the physical properties of ocean waters. Volume 2 analyzes and uses for the first time the physical measurements collected by the scientists of the Challenger to show that their surveys establish the link between ocean circulation and the distribution of the ocean’s temperature. From Deep Sea to Laboratory is available in three volumes for curious readers drawn to travel, history and science. Students, researchers and teachers of physics, fluid mechanics and oceanography will find material to deepen their knowledge.Table of ContentsForeword vii Preface xi Notations xv Chapter 1. The Vertical Distribution of Temperature in the Ocean 1 1.1. Introduction 2 1.2. Measuring the temperature of ocean waters 5 1.2.1. Ordinary thermometers 8 1.2.2. Recording thermometers 10 1.2.3. Electric thermometer 19 1.3. Sources of errors in temperature measurement 21 Chapter 2. Global Ocean Circulation 33 2.1. Introduction 34 2.2. Global ocean circulation 38 2.2.1. Geostrophic flow 40 2.2.2. Sverdrup relation: transport of planetary vorticity or effect of latitude on flow? 52 2.3. Conclusion and summary 67 Chapter 3. A Brief Consideration of Thermocline Properties 71 3.1. Modeling of the thermocline 72 3.1.1. Taking heat exchanges into account 72 3.1.2. Setting up boundary conditions 82 3.2. Assumptions used to solve the thermocline model 87 3.2.1. First simplified approaches 87 3.2.2. Approach proposed by the authors 88 3.2.3. Formulating the equation of state 93 3.2.4. Discussion 100 3.3. Characteristic properties of the thermocline 101 3.3.1. Determining the characteristic scale of the thermocline depth from measurements 101 3.3.2. Examples of empirical expressions of k0th(θ)-1 106 3.3.3. Vertical velocity at the base of the thermocline 109 3.3.4. Ocean water temperature, measurements and models 111 Chapter 4. Effect of the Ocean Mixed Layer (OML) 117 4.1. Ocean mixed layer modeling 118 4.1.1. Ekman layer 124 4.1.2. Consequences of Ekman transport 134 4.1.3. Conclusion and summary 141 4.2. Coupling between the OML and the geostrophic layer 143 4.2.1. Taking the bottom boundary layer into account 147 4.2.2. Coupling of Ekman boundary layers with the thermocline 158 4.3. Seasonal fluctuations 175 4.3.1. Role of the vertical temperature gradient in the OML 178 4.3.2. Effect of the Earth’s rotation on stratification 182 4.4. Role of sea ice 187 4.5. Thermohaline circulation 192 Conclusion 197 References 201 Index 205 Summary of Volume 1 209
£125.06
Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd Handbook on the Economics and Management of
Book SynopsisAs governments around the world work towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030, the trans-disciplinary topic of oceans management is fast being recognized as one of the most important challenges of the twenty-first century. This timely Handbook takes stock of the state of knowledge on ecosystem services derived from coastal and marine areas and offers innovative proposals for the future of this important topic. The Handbook on the Economics and Management of Sustainable Oceans brings together a carefully chosen collection of world-class contributions from ecology, economics and other development sciences. It provides policy-relevant scientific information on key topics such as ecosystem services from marine and coastal ecosystems and the nuances of economic valuation. Detailed chapters also consider relevant legal and sociological response policies for effective management of marine areas for enhanced human well-being. This comprehensive Handbook will be essential reading for advanced students and academics in economics, environment studies and resource management. The contributors also focus on the nexus of science-society and science-policy with the objective of educating decision-makers in governmental agencies, industry and civil society.Contributors include: M. Bailey, Y. Beaudoin, D. Belhabib, R. Billé, F. Bosello, J.H. Brito, V. Burgener, S. Bush, N. Carlson, S. Cataudella, L. Chabason, W. Chen, W. Cheung, G. da Fonseca, O.G. Dávila, E. Delpiazzo, S.T.M. Dissanayake, P. Drankier, I. Drysdale, S. Dupont, F. Eboli, G. Fauville, N. Ferri, D. Fezzardi, M.R. Flores, Y. Fujita, B. Galil, M. Garmendia, A. Ghermandi, E. Giacomello, A. Giannouli, G. Gitti, J. Gowdy, R.A. Groeneveld, M. Hamid, S. Hansen, L. Hansson, L. Karrer, M. Kettunen, E. Kotoroni, P. Koundouri, V. Lam, H. Lindhjem, M. Loureiro, K. Magnussen, E. Mailli, A. Markandya, F. Marques, J. Marsden, F. Massa, J. Matos de Sousa, M. McField, G. Menezes, M. Metian, D. Miller, B. Milligan, K. Mintenbeck, E.Y. Mohammed, E.J. Molenaar, R. Mongruel, K. Mutafoglu, S. Navrud, P.A.L.D. Nunes, D.O. Obura, E. Ojea, N. Okubo, L. Onofri, A. Onuma, M. Omori, D. Osborn, A. Pacheco Capella, A. Padilla, C. Papagianni, M. Pascual, D. Pauly, A.G. Petersen, R. Pott, H. Ralison, A. Ressurreição, J. Ribeiro, J. Richardson, J. Rochette, D. Russi, M. Samoilys, C. Santos, L.V. Santuario, P. Scheren, J.-P. Schweitzer, M. Seneque, C. Severin, P. Shah, I. Souliotis, A. Srour, P. Steele, D. Steinbach, R.M. Sultan, R. Sumaila, L.E. Svensson, V. Sweeney, J. Tanzer, P. ten Brink, L. The, F. Thevenon, J. van den Bergh, D. Waruinge, E. Watkins, S. Withana, P. ZiveriTrade Review'This important new book reveals the complex issues facing the planet's oceans, a vital global commons. The detailed description of practical policy tools and innovative solutions should be recommended reading for anyone working on the health and sustainable management of the marine environment.' --(Naoko Ishii, CEO and Chairperson, Global Environment Facility)'This comprehensive Handbook highlights, using both a scientific and a social lens, the importance of ocean governance, conservation and sustainable management. Healthy oceans play fundamental roles in improving human health and well-being, contributing to food security and mitigating impacts of climate change. The complexity of the issues relating to oceans requires multidimensional solutions that integrate all aspects of the socio-ecological system. This Handbook highlights solutions derived from a blue economy and an increased role of the private sector, leading to a more sustainable use of ocean resources within the framework of the 2030 Agenda.' --(Mette Wilkie, United Nations Environment Programme, Kenya)'This Handbook is a valuable instrument for science-based decision-making - either by corporate, public or third sector organizations - on a growingly strategic field: sustainable management and conservation of oceans. We should be grateful to all 101 contributors to this important book and make use of its lessons to successfully implement the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030.' --(Teresa Patricio Gouveia, Trustee, Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation)Table of ContentsContents: Foreword Achim Steiner Introduction Paulo A.L.D. Nunes, Lisa Emelia Svensson, Anil Markandya PART I: Emerging Multi-disciplinary Methods for Valuation of Marine and Coastal Ecosystem Services 1. A Socio-Economic Framework for Integrating Multi-Use Offshore Platforms in Sustainable Blue Growth Management: Theory and Applications Phoebe Koundouri, Wenting Chen, Osiel González Dávila, Amerissa Giannouli, José Hernández Brito, Erasmia Kotoroni, Evdokia Mailli, Katja Mintenbeck, Chrysoula Papagianni and Ioannis Souliotis 2. The Northern Mozambique Channel – A Capitals Approach to a Blue Economy Future David O. Obura, Valerie Burgener, Harifidy O. Ralison, Peter Scheren, Paulo A.L.D. Nunes, Melita Samoilys, Dixon Waruinge and John Tanzer 3. Nature’s ‘Blue’ Value: Innovating Approaches to Valuing our Ocean and Coasts Yannick Beaudoin, Alberto Pacheco Capella, Julie Richardson, Remi Mongruel, Megan Seneque, Jim Marsden and John Gowdy 4. Aquaculture in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea: a Blue Growth Perspective Fabio Massa, Laura Onofri and Davide Fezzardi 5. Valuing Marine Ecosystem Services Loss from Oil Spills for Use in Cost-Benefit Analysis of Preventive Measures Ståle Navrud, Henrik Lindhjem and Kristin Magnussen 6. Assessing the Annual Revenue of Marine Industries Operating at Condor Seamount, Azores Adriana Ressurreição, Gui Menezes and Eva Giacomello 7. Economic Value of Marine Ecosystem Services for Sustainable Ocean Management – the Case of Mauritius Riad Sultan 8. Preferences for Marine Protection in Okinawa: A Comparison of Management Options and Two Groups of Beneficiaries Payal Shah, Sahan T. M. Dissanayake, Nils Carlson, Yoko Fujita and Paulo A.L.D. Nunes Part II The Testimony of Economic Valuation in Ocean Management 9. Collaborative, Adaptive Management of the Mesoamerican Reef Melanie McField, Ian Drysdale, Marisol Rueda Flores, Roberto Pott and Ana Giró Petersen 10. Operationalizing the Ecosystem Approach to Resolve Mismatches in Ocean Governance Maialen Garmendia, Anil Markandya, Elena Ojea and Marta Pascual 11. Impact of High Seas Closure on Food Security in Low Income Fish Dependent Countries Louise Teh, Vicky Lam, William Cheung, Dana Miller, Lydia Teh and U. Rashid Sumaila 12. Jellyfish Outbreaks and Recreation in the Mediterranean Sea: Welfare Impacts and Impacted Recreationist Types in Tel Aviv and Barcelona Coastlines Maria Loureiro, Andrea Ghermandi, Bella Galil, John Gowdy and Paulo A.L.D. Nunes 13. A Story of the Successful Application of a Co-management Fishing Regime in Suruga Bay, Japan Makoto Omori, Ayumi Onuma and Nami Okubo 14. The Socio-economic Impacts of Marine Litter, Including the Costs of Policy Inaction and Action Emma Watkins, Patrick ten Brink, Sirini Withana, Marianne Kettunen, Daniela Russi, Konar Mutafoglu, Jean-Pierre Schweitzer and Giulia Gitti 15. Fiscal Reforms for Sustainable Marine Fisheries Governance: Institutional Frameworks and Design Essentials Essam Yassin Mohammed, Dave Steinbach, Paul Steele and Ben Milligan 16. Adaptation Policies and Strategies as a Response to Ocean Acidification and Warming in the Mediterranean Sea Patrizia Ziveri, Elisa Delpiazzo, Francesco Bosello, Fabio Eboli and Jeroen van den Bergh 17. Tackling Marine Plastic Pollution: Monitoring, Policies, and Sustainable Development Solutions Florian Thevenon and João Matos de Sousa Part III The Role of Science to Policy interface in Ocean Governance 18. The UN Architecture for Ocean Science Knowledge and Governance Luis Valdés 19. Ocean Acidification: Impacts and Governance David Osborn, Sam Dupont, Lina Hansson and Marc Metian 20. Private Governance of Ocean Resources Rolf A. Groeneveld, Simon R. Bush and Megan Bailey 21. The GEF Perspective: Strengthening Ocean Health and Ecosystem Services Through Transboundary Partnerships Gustavo A.B. da Fonseca, Leah Karrer, Christian Severin, Mish Hamid and Steffen Hansen 22. Post-Rio+20 Effective Management for Sustainability: The Case of the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Stefano Cataudella, Abdellah Srour and Nicola Ferri 23. On Governance in Fisheries in Senegal: from Top-down Control to Co-management Dyhia Belhabib, Allan Padilla, U. Rashid Sumaila and Daniel Pauly 24. Portuguese National Ocean Strategy 2013–2020 João Ribeiro, Conceição Santos and Fernando Marques 25. Regional Oceans Governance: Making Regional Seas Programmes, Regional Fishery Bodies and Large Marine Ecosystem Mechanisms Work Better Together Raphaël Billé, Lucien Chabason, Petra Drankier, Erik J.Molenaar and Julien Rochette 26. Ocean Literacy as a Key Toward Sustainable Development and Ocean Governance Sam Dupont and Géraldine Fauville 27. Consolidating 20 years of GPA and its Activities in Improving Sustainable Use of Oceans Vincent Sweeney Index
£233.00
Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd Ecological Economics of the Oceans and Coasts
Book SynopsisThis timely book offers a fresh view on how oceans and coasts are, and should be, managed. The urgency of this issue is increasingly being recognized, as critical limits to the economic exploitation of our oceans and coasts are reached. The authors argue that ecological economics is in a unique position to address this problem given its particular focus on interconnected ecological and economic systems.Four 'cornerstones' of this ecological economics approach to the oceans and coasts are presented; most importantly, sustainability is the overarching policy goal, rather than economic efficiency, as I soften emphasized in mainstream economics. Secondly, recognizing the biophysical limits and thresholds of marine systems is fundamental. Thirdly, a complex systems view is adopted, which has profound implications for managing marine systems in the face of intrinsic uncertainty, irreversibility and interdependent behaviour. Finally, the approach is necessarily methodologically pluralistic, given the complexity and multi-faceted character of marine ecological-economic systems.Ecological Economics of the Oceans and Coasts is a unique book that will be warmly welcomed by ecological economists, researchers and academics of coastal and marine management and policy as well as natural resource and environmental economists. Policy advisors on oceans and coasts, coastal and marine managers will also find this book of great interest and value.Trade Review'This timely book is enhanced by its provision of diverse fresh perspectives on ways to better manage our deteriorating oceans and coastlines. It will be welcomed by all those who value a holistic approach to environmental policy and who appreciate the need for urgent but well thought out improvements in ocean and coastal management.' -- Clem Tisdell, University of Queensland, Australia'This book covers a wide spectrum of issues of practical significance to those concerned about the state of the world's oceans. Its principal contribution is to bring together an ecological economics perspective to the ocean world. In so doing, it broadens the vision of how we should understand the marine environment and, perhaps, what we can do to mitigate or even resolve these challenges.' -- Quentin Grafton, The Australian National UniversityTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Towards an Ecological Economics of the Oceans and Coasts Murray Patterson PART I: FOUNDATIONAL ECOLOGY, COMPLEXITY AND SCIENCE ISSUES 2. Global Ecology of the Oceans and Coasts Ben McNeil 3. Biodiversity of the Oceans Murray Patterson, Garry McDonald, Keith Probert and Nicola Smith 4. Oceans and Coasts as Complex Adaptive Systems Mark Gibbs and Anthony Cole PART II: ECONOMIC AND OTHER VALUES OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT 5. Neoclassical Frameworks for Optimizing the Value of Marine Resources Basil Sharp and Chris Batstone 6. Non-Market Value of Ecosystem Services Provided by Coastal and Nearshore Marine Systems Matthew Wilson and Shuang Liu 7. Ecological Shadow Prices and Contributory Value: A Biophysical Approach to Valuing Marine Ecosystems Murray Patterson 8. The Open Horizon: Exploring Spiritual and Cultural Values of the Oceans and Coasts Charlotte Šunde PART III: MARINE SUSTAINABILITY: INTEGRATING ECOLOGY, ECONOMICS AND SOCIAL DIMENSIONS 9. Economic Drivers of Change and their Oceanic–Coastal Ecological Impacts Murray Patterson and Derrylea Hardy 10. Integrative Economy–Ecology Models for Marine Management Matthias Ruth 11. Poverty and Inequality at Sea: Challenges for Ecological Economics Bruce Glavovic PART IV: IMPLEMENTING AN ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS OF THE OCEANS AND COASTS 12. Minimum Information Management: Harvesting the Harvesters’ Assessment of Dynamic Fisheries Systems Chris Batstone and Basil Sharp 13. Designing Property Rights for Achieving Sustainable Development of the Oceans Basil Sharp 14. Ocean and Coastal Governance for Sustainability: Imperatives for Integrating Ecology and Economics Bruce Glavovic 15. Summary and Future Challenges for an Ecological Economics of the Oceans and Coasts Murray Patterson and Bruce Glavovic Index
£131.00
CABI Publishing Marine Ecotourism: Between the Devil and the Deep
Book SynopsisThe planet's most fascinating and yet tantalisingly under-researched component is now a rapidly growing tourism frontier. The sea attracts millions of tourists annually with its diverse array of exclusive activities, but its sheer size brings with it considerable problems for management. Within the context of other economic activities that may compromise the success, if not the very existence of marine ecotourism, this text examines the wide range of marine ecotourism resources, not only natural, but also cultural and man-made. Covering economic, marketing planning and regulation issues, this book also considers the vital role of marine ecotourism in raising awareness of the significance of the seas and oceans to sustainable coastal livelihoods. At a time of great concern over the effects of climate change and high profile issues such as depletion of fish stocks and oil spillages, the insights this book provides are essential reading.Table of ContentsChapter 1: INTRODUCTION SECTION I: PATTERNS AND PROCESSES Chapter 2: Marine Ecotourism in Context Chapter 3: Marine Ecotourism Resources Chapter 4: Marine Ecotourism Attractions and Activities SECTION II: PRIMARY STAKEHOLDERS AND INTERESTS Chapter 5: Coastal Communities Chapter 6: Marine Ecotourists Chapter 7: Marine Nature Chapter 8: The Marine Ecotourism Industry SECTION III: REGULATION, FACILITATION AND COLLABORATION Chapter 9: Planning Agencies Chapter 10: Institutional Structures Chapter 11: Networks and Initiatives Chapter 12: CONCLUSION
£86.94
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Ocean in the Earth System
Book SynopsisComplexity is an intrinsic property of natural systems. In the oceanic system, it is linked to many interactions with the atmosphere, geosphere and biosphere with which it exchanges energy and matter. Complexity of the ocean system has, at different spatial and temporal scales, hydrodynamic mechanisms of these exchanges and dynamics of elements and compounds, they are involved in biogeochemical cycles or used as tracers. By its pedagogical approach, it defines the terms, methods, techniques and analytical tools used. Then, it analyzes the consequences of climate change, future projections, human impact and the concept introduced with planktonic pelagic ecosystem component.Trade Review“Recommended Upper-division undergraduates, graduate students, researchers/faculty.” (Choice, 1 September 2015) Table of ContentsFOREWORD xi CHAPTER 1. THE OCEAN IN THE EARTH SYSTEM: EVOLUTION AND REGULATION 1 Philippe BERTRAND 1.1. The Earth system and its components 1 1.1.1. A system is a set of objects whose limit is arbitrary, but pertinent 1 1.1.2. One system is necessarily built into another 3 1.1.3. The Earth is a “closed” system 4 1.1.4. The major components of the Earth system 7 1.1.5. What is the biosphere? 8 1.2. The ocean, from its origins 9 1.2.1. Was there an ocean 4.4 billion years ago? 9 1.2.2. The origin of water on Earth (4.5 – 4 billion years ago) 9 1.2.3. The ocean and the end of the “Venus” phase of the Earth’s history (between 4.5 and 4 billion years ago) 10 1.2.4. Why are there oceans on Earth and a “Venus inferno” on Venus? 13 1.2.5. The ocean, cradle of the first living creatures (between 4.4 and 3.5 billion years ago) 16 1.3. The ocean, oxygen and the evolution of life forms 18 1.3.1. The essential characteristics had been selected in the ocean before the Cambrian period, over 540 million years ago 18 1.3.2. How did oxygen accumulate? 21 1.3.3. The first important accumulation of oxygen (around 2.5 billion years ago) 25 1.3.4. A moderate increase in oxygenation (between 2.5 and 0.5 billion years ago) 26 1.3.5. The second important accumulation of oxygen (between 500 and 350 million years ago) 27 1.4. The regulation of the greenhouse effect by the ocean 29 1.4.1. There is no life without a minimum greenhouse effect 29 1.4.2. The regulation of the greenhouse effect by the ocean 30 1.5. Oceanic photosynthesis regulates itself on a short timescale 36 1.5.1. When the ocean is deficient in nitrate 38 1.5.2. When the ocean has an excess of nitrate 40 1.5.3. The regulation of the N/P ratio 41 1.6. Conclusion 43 1.6.1. The ocean in the Earth system 43 1.6.2. The anthropogenic disturbance of the Earth system 45 1.6.3. And life among all that? 47 1.7. Acknowledgments 49 1.8. Bibliography 49 CHAPTER 2. THE OCEAN AND THE CLIMATE SYSTEM 55 Pascale DELECLUSE 2.1. Introduction 55 2.2. Climate change 55 2.2.1. The report on the findings 56 2.2.2. Interpretation of the observed changes 58 2.2.3. The Earth’s radiative equilibrium and greenhouse gases 59 2.2.4. The role of greenhouse gases – GHG60 2.2.5. Scenarios and projections 63 2.3. Physics and dynamics 67 2.3.1. Rotation, Coriolis, geostropy 69 2.3.2. An ocean moved by the wind 71 2.3.3. Ekman, spiral, transport, pumping, upwelling and downwelling 71 2.3.4. Interior ocean and western boundary currents 77 2.3.5. An ocean moved by thermohaline fluxes 80 2.3.6. Stratification, mixed layer, thermocline 82 2.3.7. Formation of water masses, convection and subduction 83 2.3.8. Schematization of global circulation: the great conveyor belt 85 2.4. Some key elements for understanding the ocean’s role in the climate 88 2.4.1. Typical times 88 2.4.2. Ocean–atmosphere in the tropics 90 2.4.3. Other types of variability 95 2.4.4. Climatic surprises 97 2.5. Some questions for the future 100 2.6. Bibliography 102 CHAPTER 3. OCEAN–ATMOSPHERE INTERACTIONS 105 Laurence EYMARD and Gilles REVERDIN 3.1. Introduction: what are ocean–atmosphere interactions? 105 3.2. Interface processes and their role in the coupled system 106 3.2.1. Radiative fluxes 107 3.2.2. Turbulent fluxes 109 3.2.3. Water exchanges between the ocean and atmosphere 115 3.2.4. Other exchanges of matter 118 3.2.5. Flux measurement 125 3.3. Examples of energy exchanges 129 3.3.1. Tropical cyclones 129 3.3.2. Surface temperature fronts 132 3.3.3. The interactions close to strong oceanic fronts 134 3.3.4. Marginal ice zones and associated air–sea fluxes 137 3.3.5. The example of the impact of the iron supply from Saharan aerosols 140 3.4. Conclusion 142 3.5. Bibliography 143 CHAPTER 4. MARINE BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES 145 Louis LEGENDRE 4.1. Introduction: geochemistry, biogeochemistry and marine biogeochemistry 145 4.1.1. Geochemistry and cosmochemistry 145 4.1.2. Biogeochemistry and marine biogeochemistry 147 4.2. A fundamental characteristic of the Earth’s system: biogeochemical cycles 149 4.3. Carbon: at the heart of living matter 152 4.3.1. Carbon in large natural reservoirs 153 4.3.2. Biogeochemical cycles of carbon 156 4.4. Oxygen: a poison that Earth cannot do without 166 4.4.1. The Great Oxygenation Event 168 4.4.2. Biogeochemical cycles of oxygen 169 4.5. Nitrogen: a chemical element over which countries have fought in the past 174 4.5.1. Nitrogen, abundant but difficult to access 174 4.5.2. Biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen 176 4.6. Phosphorus: a chemical element over which countries may fight in future 182 4.6.1. Phosphorus, not very abundant or exploitable 182 4.6.2. Biogeochemical cycles of phosphorus 182 4.7. Biogeochemical equilibria and human societies: problems 185 4.8. Bibliography 186 CHAPTER 5. OCEAN ACIDIFICATION AND ITS CONSEQUENCES 189 Jean-Pierre GATTUSO, Lina HANSSON and Frédéric GAZEAU 5.1. Introduction 189 5.1.1. What is ocean acidification? 190 5.1.2. A brief history of research on the acidification of oceans 193 5.1.3. Main research programs 197 5.2. Observations 197 5.2.1. Past changes 197 5.2.2. Recent changes 199 5.3. Projections 201 5.4. Impacts of ocean acidification 204 5.4.1. Impacts on organisms and communities 204 5.4.2. Impacts on biogeochemical cycles 219 5.4.3. Economy and society 221 5.5. What are the solutions? 225 5.5.1. The reduction of CO2 emissions 226 5.5.2. Geoengineering techniques 227 5.5.3. Adaptation measures 228 5.6. Conclusion 229 5.7. Acknowledgments 231 5.8. Appendix 231 5.8.1. Carbonate chemistry of carbonates and biogeochemical processes 231 5.9. Bibliography 233 LIST OF AUTHORS 255 INDEX 257
£125.06
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Development of Marine Resources
Book SynopsisMarine resources and their exploitation, recovery and economic networks they generate are here from the perspective now inevitable growing environmental constraints, policy management and technical innovation. A historical perspective shows that Ocean and its adjacent seas at all times, allowed coastal communities to adapt to a very volatile environment through many technological changes. The recent development of marine biotechnology , the discovery of a great pharmacopoeia especially in reef environments , the development of marine renewables , are examples which show that man can develop through these new technologies property and services of the ocean. But this development resources under pressure of global change requires not only taking into account technical, but also social and political. This is the price that the analysis of maritime activities will assess the sustainability and development of various economic sectors and coastal populations, faced with the objectives of a "blue growth" associated with a return to the "good state "of the marine environment.Table of ContentsFOREWORD ix CHAPTER 1. FISHING IN THE MEDITERRANEAN, PAST AND PRESENT: HISTORY AND TECHNICAL CHANGES 1 Daniel FAGET and Jacques SACCHI 1.1. Mediterranean fishing of the past (18th Century) 2 1.1.1. Brotherhoods and prud’homies: old forms of regulation of the fishing world 2 1.1.2. Plural communities 4 1.1.3. Diversity of traditional techniques in the Mediterranean 6 1.1.4. Speculative fishing: the madrague 10 1.1.5. A highly varied consumption, reflective of relative shortages 11 1.2. Evolving practices (18–19th Centuries) 12 1.2.1. The evolving world of fishing: human migration and technical changes 13 1.2.2. Between the thought of decline and fragility of the environment 15 1.2.3. Aquaculture, or the dream of a domesticated sea (1850–1900) 19 1.2.4. Rationalizing the fishing industry in the Mediterranean: the rise of “applied zoology” (1880–1914) 20 1.3. Industrial power at the service of fisheries (end of 19th–20th Century) 22 1.3.1. The industrialization of Mediterranean fishing 24 1.3.2. Seine fishing 25 1.3.3. Trawl fishing 31 1.4. Fishermen today in the Mediterranean 36 1.4.1. The role of fishing in the consumption of sea products 38 1.4.2. Diagnosis, fragility and over-exploitation 40 1.4.3. State of the resource and the environment 42 1.4.4. Ecosystem approach of fisheries and governance 43 1.4.5. Institutions 45 1.4.6. Seeking to promote the value of seas 46 1.4.7. Education, raising awareness and labeling: the fishermen, agents of a sustainable exploitation of the environment 48 1.4.8. The necessary consideration of the patrimonial dimension of artisanal fishing 49 1.5. Bibliography 50 CHAPTER 2. MICROALGAE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 57 Jean-Paul CADORET, Gaël BOUGARAN, Jean-Baptiste BÉRARD, Grégory CARRIER, Aurélie CHARRIER, Noémie COULOMBIER, Matthieu GARNIER, Raymond KAAS, Loïc LE DÉAN, Ewa LUKOMSKA, Elodie NICOLAU, Catherine ROUXEL, Bruno SAINT-JEAN and Nathalie SCHREIBER 2.1. Microalgae 57 2.2. The potential value of microalgae 59 2.2.1. Human nutrition 59 2.2.2. Animal nutrition 60 2.2.3. Health 61 2.2.4. Cosmetics 65 2.2.5. Industrial application 65 2.2.6. Microalgae as fuel sources 68 2.3. The culture of microalgae 70 2.3.1. Ecophysiological needs 71 2.3.2. Productions and productivities 85 2.4. Research in support of the development of the branch 94 2.4.1. Omics 94 2.4.2. Species improvement 97 2.5. Conclusion 100 2.6. Bibliography 102 CHAPTER 3. PHARMACOLOGY OF REEF MARINE ORGANISMS 117 Cécile DEBITUS and Jean GUÉZENNEC 3.1. Introduction 117 3.1.1. Geographical strengths 117 3.1.2. The marine environment: a source of new molecules 119 3.2. Applications of marine molecules: reality 124 3.2.1. Acquired results 124 3.2.2. Current trends 127 3.3. Concrete examples of marine natural products research programs 129 3.3.1. Steps of a project 130 3.4. Marine environment and biotechnology: the essential role of microorganisms 135 3.4.1. Microorganisms of the marine environment 136 3.4.2. Example of an atypical ecosystem: microbial mats, or kopara 139 3.5. Bibliography 152 CHAPTER 4. MARINE RENEWABLE ENERGIES 157 Michel PAILLARD, Bernard MULTON and Marc BOEUF 4.1. Introduction 157 4.2. The energetic context and the stakes in the development of renewable energies 158 4.2.1. Energy resources, reserves and final energy, definitions and concepts 158 4.2.2. Global, European and French contexts: the stakes 163 4.3. The place of marine energies in renewable energies 167 4.3.1. Marine renewable energies (MRE) 167 4.3.2. The specificities of MRE and their place in the energy mix 170 4.3.3. The four stakes of the development of MRE in France 171 4.3.4. Technological diversity 172 4.3.5. Involvement in France, Europe and the world 184 4.3.6. The importance of MRE overseas and the insular context 188 4.4. Technological and non-technological issues 191 4.4.1. Limitations of the marine environment 191 4.4.2. Development of reliable and economically competitive technology 194 4.4.3. The storing of electricity, a lever for large-scale development 194 4.4.4. Controlling environmental and societal impacts 197 4.4.5. Establishing an adapted regulatory context 200 4.5. Socio-economic consequences 201 4.5.1. The industrial stakes 201 4.5.2. Impacts and usage conflicts to control – compensatory measures 206 4.6. Perspectives 206 4.6.1. Development of the different sectors: present, short- and long-term 206 4.6.2. Today in the world, in Europe and in France 207 4.6.3. 2015–2025: from demonstrators to power plants via pilot facilites 208 4.6.4. 2030 and beyond: large-scale development 210 4.7. Bibliography 211 LIST OF AUTHORS 215 INDEX 217
£125.06
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Value and Economy of Marine Resources
Book SynopsisMarine resources and their exploitation, recovery and economic networks they generate are here from the perspective now inevitable growing environmental constraints, policy management and technical innovation. The recent development of marine biotechnology , the discovery of a great pharmacopoeia especially in reef environments , the development of marine renewables , are examples which show that man can develop through these new technologies property and services of the ocean. But this development resources under pressure of global change requires not only taking into account technical, but also social and political. This is the price that the analysis of maritime activities will assess the sustainability and development of various economic sectors and coastal populations, faced with the objectives of a "blue growth" associated with a return to the "good state" of the marine environment.Table of ContentsFOREWORD xi CHAPTER 1. THE SERVICES PROVIDED BY MARINE ECOSYSTEMS: ECONOMIC ASSESSMENTS AND THEIR USAGES 1 Harold LEVREL, Pedro CABRAL, Océane MARCONE and Rémi MONGRUEL 1.1. Marine ecosystem services 1 1.1.1. Ecosystem services 1 1.1.2. A historic balance leading to an inefficient exploitation of ecosystem services 4 1.1.3. Marine ecosystem services 6 1.2. The monetary evaluation of ecosystem services 11 1.2.1. The factors that motivate demands for monetary evaluation 11 1.2.2. Monetary evaluation methods and their limits 14 1.3. The monetary evaluation of ecosystem services: some results for marine ecosystems 20 1.4. The effective use of the assessment of benefits associated with ecosystem services 26 1.4.1. The expected uses of monetary evaluation 26 1.5. A complementary approach: assessing the cost of maintaining ecosystem services 29 1.5.1. The principles of assessment 29 1.5.2. Evaluation of the cost of the degradation of the environment in the directive framework “Strategy for the marine habitat” 30 1.6. Toward multifaceted evaluations of ecosystem services using a spatial approach 34 1.6.1. The integrated spatial evaluation of marine and coastal ecosystem services 34 1.6.2. The spatial integrated assessment of ES and the compromises associated with their development 37 1.6.3. Tools for spatial integrated assessment of ecosystem services 38 1.7. Conclusions 41 1.8. Bibliography 42 CHAPTER 2. FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE SUSTAINABILITY 53 Sylvestre VOISIN and Pierre FRÉON 2.1. Sustainability and responsibility of provisioning: learning the lessions from overfishing 53 2.1.1. Introduction: challenges and summary of key points 54 2.1.2. The initial fisheries approach challenged by the complexity of the ocean ecosystem and the failures of fisheries regulation 59 2.1.3. Contributions of the new sciences on sustainability and responsibility 68 2.1.4. New accounting framework for sustainability and responsibility: integrating uncertainty and “uncontrollability” in fishery and aquaculture management 86 2.2. Sustainability evaluation methods: translation of scientific knowledge for a political debate 94 2.2.1. Classification and good use of the sustainability and responsibility evaluation methods 94 2.2.2. Sustainability analysis of fisheries and aquaculture supply chains: state of the art, trends of the new practices and case study 96 2.2.3. Relevance of the concepts of ecosystem-based fisheries management, bioeconomics, sustainable and responsible consumption of seafood products 118 2.3. Interpretations of the evaluations of sustainability/responsibility in global performance: scenarios of complex organization policies and strategies 121 2.3.1. Interpretation of the sustainability analysis and knowledge management 121 2.3.2. Large prospective scenarios on the organization of fisheries and marine aquaculture supply chains in a globalized context 124 2.3.3. Conclusion and perspective: toward an integrated sustainable and responsible approach to fishery and aquaculture management 131 2.4. Acknowledgments 134 2.5. Appendices 135 2.5.1. Appendix 1 135 2.5.2. Appendix 2 136 2.5.3. Appendix 3 137 2.6. Bibliography 138 CHAPTER 3. FISHERIES ECONOMICS 153 Christian CHABOUD 3.1. Outline of fisheries economics 153 3.1.1. Object of fisheries economics 153 3.1.2. Specific features and characteristics of fisheries economics 154 3.2. The bioeconomic approach of fisheries 160 3.2.1. Gordon–Schaefer’s model 161 3.2.2. Dynamic non-equilibrium model 187 3.2.3. The Clark Munro’s model: the golden rule of the intertemporal allocation of natural capital 193 3.2.4. The age-structured bioeconomic models 200 3.2.5. Toward more realistic and complex bioeconomic models 210 3.3. Contribution of economics to fisheries management 211 3.3.1. A negative view about the efficiency of public policies in the fishery sector 211 3.3.2. A classification attempt of the tools for fisheries management 214 3.3.3. An economic assessment of the relevance of the tools of fisheries management 215 3.4. Conclusion: the contributions of fisheries economics and its future evolution 222 3.5. Bibliography 224 CHAPTER 4. MARITIME ECONOMY: DEFINITION AND MAIN ASPECTS 233 Régis KALAYDJIAN 4.1. Overview of the European maritime economy 235 4.1.1. Marine resources 235 4.1.2. Maritime transport 240 4.1.3. Management of the marine environment 242 4.1.4. The diversity of the maritime economy 244 4.2. The European maritime policy and its economic information requirements 245 4.3. Sector-based approach to the maritime economy 250 4.4. Maritime economy coverage 253 4.5. Maritime economy: sector-based approach and methodology issues 256 4.6. Sector-based approach to the French maritime economy 258 4.7. From a sector-based approach to a maritime basins approach 261 4.7.1. Economic and social assessment of the MSFD: use of marine waters 262 4.7.2. The Atlantic maritime basin: a European project 267 4.8. Ecosystems and costs of degradation 267 4.8.1. Ecosystem approach to the costs of degradation 268 4.8.2. Practical application of the ecosystem approach 272 4.8.3. Direct approach to degradation costs 273 4.8.4. Combining the different approaches: the problem of local data 275 4.9. Conclusions 278 4.10. Appendices 280 4.11. Bibliography 284 LIST OF AUTHORS 291 INDEX 293
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