Nuclear physics Books

Book SynopsisThe first book to focus on the relationship between famed scientist Marie Curie and her two remarkable daughters. Drawing on personal interviews with Curie's descendants, as well as revelatory new archives, this is a wholly new story about Marie Curie and a family of women inextricably connected to the dawn of nuclear physics.Trade Review"Emling offers an intimate look at Curie's relationship with her children...[and a] fascinating, moving story... [with an] inspiring message conveyed throughout." - Carmela Ciuraru, The Boston Globe "The story of the second act of the genius's life, as a widowed mother of two." - Harpers "Emling delivers a compulsively readable biography of Curie and her formidable daughters." - Ms. magazine "The often harrowing tale covers the great physicist's struggle with xenophobia and sexism, her mental and physical breakdowns, and the campaign by American journalist Missy Meloney to supply her with radium. Most compellingly, it bares Curie's relationships with her daughters, the Nobel prize-winning chemist Irene and writer Eve." - Nature "Emling reveals a hidden side of the life of two-time Nobel Prize winner." - Publishers Weekly "An intimate portrait of the professional and private lives of legendary scientist Marie Curie and her daughters, Irene and Eve... A uniquely human look at a brilliant scientific family." - Kirkus Reviews "Shelley Emling makes an invaluable contribution to history by documenting the afteraffects of radiation and fame on this remarkable pioneer of the atom, a woman who sacrificed herself for the sake of deadly knowledge." - Tom Zoellner, author of Uranium: War, Energy and the Rock That Shaped the World "Publicly glum and famously determined, Marie Curie struggled against the extraordinary prejudices of her time, and became an icon. In this engagingly delightful look behind the heavy skirts of the era, Shelley Emling reveals Marie's and her two disparate daughters' idiosyncratic family life, and especially the significant role that their visits to the United States played in their personal development." - Peter Atkins, author of Galileo's Finger "Marie Curie and Her Daughters breathes life into an icon of science. Emling uses private letters, the unpublished papers of her daughter, Irene Curie, and an interview with her granddaughter Helene Langevin-Joliot to take the reader into Curie's role as the mother of two daughters, as a traveler to America and beyond, and as a woman in a man's world. If young women are looking for a real-life role model beside today's celebrities, this story will fill that niche." - Elizabeth Norman, author of We Band of Angels "A book that should inspire all young women to go out and make things happen." - Frank Close, author of The Infinity Puzzle: Quantum Field Theory and the Hunt for an Orderly Universe "Shelley Emling's dazzling chronicle of the three Curies and their world famous accomplishments is surpassed only by her account of how each stretched her era's concept of the possibilities for women. A tour de force!" - Megan McKinney, author of The Magnificent Medills "Ms. Emling's riveting new biography reveals in page-turning prose the life-balance struggles of a true genius. It's a tip of the hat to the private Marie, the single working mother, whose many accomplishments include her two amazing daughters." - Lisa Verge Higgins, New York Journal of Books 'Shelley Emling's excellent joint biography of Marie, her daughters (and a granddaughter, too) is an exhilarating story that couples scientific discovery and motherhood. A book that should propel young women into science for the sheer fun of it, it's also a rich tale of war and peace, family commitment, friendship and medical progress.' - Adele Glimm, author of Gene Hunter and Rachel Carson "A must read for every woman and every female teenager. In accessible prose, Emling enlightens the world about this enigmatic scientist, and, with the help of personal letters shared by Curie's granddaughter, Emling has woven a story of a woman full of grace and of the daughters who loved her without fail. I loved this book." - Mary H. Manhein, author of The Bone Lady and Trail of BonesTable of ContentsPrologue An Absolutely Miserable Year Moving On Being with Pierre Beyond Pierre Meeting Missy Finally, America Another Dynamic Duo Turning to America - Again

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Book SynopsisThe textbook begins with exercises related to radioactive sources and decay schemes. The problems covered include series decay and how to determine the frequency and energy of emitted particles in disintegrations. The next chapter deals with the interaction of ionizing radiation, including the treatment of photons and charged particles. The main focus is on applications based on the knowledge of interaction, to be used in subsequent work and courses. The textbook then examines detectors and measurements, including both counting statistics and properties of pulse detectors. The chapter that follows is dedicated to dosimetry, which is a major subject in medical radiation physics. It covers theoretical applications, such as different equilibrium situations and cavity theories, as well as experimental dosimetry, including ionization chambers and solid state and liquid dosimeters. A shorter chapter deals with radiobiology, where different cell survival models are considered. The last chapter concerns radiation protection and health physics. Both radioecology and radiation shielding calculations are covered. The textbook includes tables to simplify the solutions of the exercises, but the reader is mainly referred to important websites for importing necessary data.

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Book SynopsisThe pursuit of nuclear fusion as an energy source requires a broad knowledge of several disciplines. These include plasma physics, atomic physics, electromagnetics, materials science, computational modeling, superconducting magnet technology, accelerators, lasers, and health physics. Nuclear Fusion distills and combines these disparate subjects to create a concise and coherent foundation to both fusion science and technology. It examines all aspects of physics and technology underlying the major magnetic and inertial confinement approaches to developing nuclear fusion energy. It further chronicles latest developments in the field, and reflects the multi-faceted nature of fusion research, preparing advanced undergraduate and graduate students in physics and engineering to launch into successful and diverse fusion-related research.Nuclear Fusion reflects Dr. Morse’s research in both magnetic and inertial confinement fusion, working with the world’s top laboratories, and embodies his extensive thirty-five year career in teaching three courses in fusion plasma physics and fusion technology at University of California, Berkeley.Table of ContentsChapter 1 IntroductionFusion as an energy sourceWorld energy supply and demandAvailability of fusion fuelRisk factors for energy sources:Comparative risks of fusion to other energy technologiesProspects for a fusion energy technologyHistorical backgroundChapter 2 Fusion nuclear reactionsCross sections and reactivityResonant and non-resonant fusion reactionsReactivity models for maxwellian distributionsReactivity in beam-maxwellian systemsChapter 3 Energy gain and loss mechanisms in plasmas and reactorsCharged particle heatingOhmic heatingExternal heating methodsRadiation loss:Charge ExchangeReactor energy balanceLawson criterion and QPulsed vs. steady state energy balanceThermal conversion efficiencyBlanketsChapter 4 Magnetic ConfinementMHD fluid equationsPressure balanceMagnetic pressure concept and Z pinch: Bennett pinch theoremInstabilities in Z pinchPerhapsatronTokamak configurationGrad-Shafranov equationNumerical solutionsEffect of flow on equilibriumChapter 5 MHD instabilities Ideal MHDEnergy PrincipleInterchange instabilityKink and sausage instabilityWesson diagram for tokamak stabilityBallooning modesNumerical solutionsResistive MHDMagnetic Islands’ and Rutherford growthMagnetic stochasticity" theory="" and="" transportVlasov equationCollision operators Braginskii transport equationsTimescale hierarchy for electrons and ionsBeam slowing down Chapter 7 Neoclassical effectsPfirsch-Schluter regimeTrapped particlesBootstrap currentNeoclassical tearing modeELMs and MARFEsChapter 8 Waves in plasmaCold plasma dispersion relation: CMA diagramCutoffs and resonancesWarm plasma wavesWKB approximationRay tracing and accessibilityLaser-plasma interactionsChapter 9 RF heating in magnetic fusion devicesIon cyclotron heating: sources, antennas, transmission linesLower hybrid heating: sources, antennas, transmission linesElectron cyclotron heating: sources, antennas, transmission linesIon Bernstein waves and high harmonic fast wavesRF current driveRunaway electronsChapter 10 Neutral beam injectionPositive and negative ion sourcesNeutralization efficiencyChild-Langmuir lawBeam optics calculationsHigh voltage breakdown issuesChapter 11 Inertial confinement Direct vs. indirect driveLasers, optics, frequency doubling and triplingHohlraum designCapsule hydrodynamicsRayleigh-Taylor instabilityElectron preheat and mixHeavy ion driversFast ignitionNumerical simulationsChapter 12 MagnetsSuperconductivityThermal stabilityStress calculationsBending moments and torsional stabilityRadiation damageChapter 13 TritiumHealth issues: HTO vs. HTSievert’s law and leakage calculationsH-D-T separation processesAvailability and costHe-3 recoveryChapter 14 Materials issuesFirst wall: MFE vs. IFEThermal shock and fatigueThermal stress calculationsCoolant compatibilityPlasma-wall interactionRadiation damage: dpa cross sections and He productionEmbrittlement, void swelling, and creepComposite materialsDivertor and limiter designChapter 15 Vacuum systemsCryogenicsCryopumpsScroll pumpsConductance calculationsTransient response of vacuum systemsChapter 16 BlanketsLi vs. LiPb vs. LiO Tritium removalFire safetyressureFission hybrid decay heat issuesChapter 17 Economics and SustainabilityThe cost of moneyMaterial availabilityPlant lifetime considerationSite licensesAccident mitigation Is it “Green?”

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Book SynopsisA unique legacy, these lecture notes of Schwinger’s course held at the University of California at Los Angeles were carefully edited by his former collaborator Berthold-Georg Englert and constitute both a self-contained textbook on quantum mechanics and an indispensable source of reference on this fundamental subject by one of the foremost thinkers of twentieth century physics.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "Quantum Mechanics: Symbolism of Atomic Measurements is not just another textbook on quantum mechanics. Rather, it contains truly novel elements of both content and style. In particular, Schwinger begins his treatment not with de Broglie waves or the Schrödinger equation but rather with the measurement process. His idea is to derive, or at least make plausible, the formalism of state vectors, bras and kets, by reference to quantum measurements such as the Stern-Gerlach experiment. This [...] is simply the basis of a new way of teaching quantum mechanics. This opening chapter should be of interest to all scholars of quantum theory and might form a new topic of research for philosophers of quantum mechanics." (Contemporary Physics, 44/2, 2003) "There are dozen of excellent textbooks on the market. But this one really is different." (T. Kibble, The Times Higher Education Supplement, 2001) "The material covered is superficially similar to that of a typical graduate quantum mechanics course [...] However, each chapter has beautiful and unusual treatments of familiar topics. [...] This book would make an outstanding supplement and reference for a graduate quantum mechanics course. Theoretical physicists will delight in this wonderful book, which should be available in the library system of any institution with a research or graduate program in physics. Graduate students through professionals." (CHOICE, Dec. 2001) "The book is a tour-de-force. Once the groundwork is laid, he goes into subjects with the mathematical virtuosity for which he was famous – not advanced mathematics, but the incredible use of simple mathematics. … there are gems throughout the book. … it is a wonderful book for a professor to own, like Feyman’s lectures, because there is so much to learn from it. … The book was lovingly edited from some UCLA lecture notes, by Berthold-Georg Englert, a longtime student and assistant of Schwinger’s … ." (Daniel Greenberger, American Journal of Physics, Vol 71 (9), 2003) "Editor Englert has performed a service for physicists everywhere by making available this book, which is based on Schwinger’s unpublished UCLA lecture notes. … each chapter has beautiful and unusual treatments of familiar topics. … There are excellent problems at the end of each chapter. This book would make an outstanding supplement and reference for a graduate quantum mechanics course. Theoretical physicists will delight in this wonderful book, which should be available in the library system of any institution with a research or graduate program … ." (M. C. Ogilvie, CHOICE, December, 2001) "The book commences with an absorbing prologue in which Schwinger talks us through the development of quantum mechanic and quantum field theory in an easy conversational style. … The book is packed with exercises for the reader to attempt. … Anyone who works religiously through these exercises will acquire a thoroughly adequate command of quantum mechanics." (W. Cox, Mathematical Reviews, Issue 2002 h) "Quantum mechanics: Symbolism of Atomic Measurements is not just another textbook on quantum mechanics. Rather, it contains truly novel elements of both content and style. … This opening chapter should be of interest to all scholars of quantum theory and might form a new topic of research for philosophers of quantum mechanics. Throughout the text, new material is presented at a breathless pace. All the usual elements of the subject are there, but Schwinger’s presentation reveals surprises in even the most familiar of these." (S. M. Barnett, Contemporary Physics, Vol. 44 (2), 2003) "In the beginning, the editor has added an important material in the form of a prologue … . This is one of the best treatments of the philosophy of quantum mechanics, which I have come across. … One of the major features of the book is the incorporation of a large number of problems … . the contents of the problems are well integrated in the text and have become part of it. This has caused a rich and tight structure of the logical arguments." (S. S. Bhattacharyya, Indian Journal of Physics, Vol. 76B (3), 2002) "This unique textbook is based upon the lecture notes that Julian Schwinger wrote up for the students of the quantum mechanics course … . this book would probably make an ideal quantum mechanics reference … . There are a large number of problems included at the end of each chapter, which comprise an excellent resource for any lecturer … . this textbook is a unique resource, which provides an insight into the thoughts and deliberations of one of this century’s giants of quantum mechanics." (P. C. Dastoor, The Physicist, Vol. 38 (5), 2001) "There are dozens of excellent textbooks on the market. But this one really is different. … there is a carefully argued historical and philosophical prologue that sets the scene, centred on the two key features of quantum physics – atomicity and its probabilistic character; this alone would make the book worthwhile. The emphasis on discrete variables is a very modern approach… . To a theoretical physicist, this book is a delight and a wonderful resource. … This is a book I shall treasure." (Tom Kibble, Times Higher Education Supplement, September, 2001)Table of ContentsPrologue.- A. Fall Quarter: Quantum Kinematics.- 1 Measurement Algebra.- 2 Continuous q, p Degree of Freedom.- 3 Angular Momentum.- 4 Galilean Invariance.- B. Winter Quarter: Quantum Dynamics.- 5 Quantum Action Principle.- 6 Elementary Applications.- 7 Harmonic Oscillators.- 8 Hydrogenic Atoms.- C. Spring Quarter: Interacting Particles.- 9 Two-Particle Coulomb Problem.- 10 Identical Particles.- 11 Many-Electron Atoms.- 12 Electromagnetic Radiation.

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Book SynopsisA unique legacy, these lecture notes of Schwinger’s course held at the University of California at Los Angeles were carefully edited by his former collaborator Berthold-Georg Englert and constitute both a self-contained textbook on quantum mechanics and an indispensable source of reference on this fundamental subject by one of the foremost thinkers of twentieth century physics.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "Quantum Mechanics: Symbolism of Atomic Measurements is not just another textbook on quantum mechanics. Rather, it contains truly novel elements of both content and style. In particular, Schwinger begins his treatment not with de Broglie waves or the Schrödinger equation but rather with the measurement process. His idea is to derive, or at least make plausible, the formalism of state vectors, bras and kets, by reference to quantum measurements such as the Stern-Gerlach experiment. This [...] is simply the basis of a new way of teaching quantum mechanics. This opening chapter should be of interest to all scholars of quantum theory and might form a new topic of research for philosophers of quantum mechanics." (Contemporary Physics, 44/2, 2003) "There are dozen of excellent textbooks on the market. But this one really is different." (T. Kibble, The Times Higher Education Supplement, 2001) "The material covered is superficially similar to that of a typical graduate quantum mechanics course [...] However, each chapter has beautiful and unusual treatments of familiar topics. [...] This book would make an outstanding supplement and reference for a graduate quantum mechanics course. Theoretical physicists will delight in this wonderful book, which should be available in the library system of any institution with a research or graduate program in physics. Graduate students through professionals." (CHOICE, Dec. 2001) "The book is a tour-de-force. Once the groundwork is laid, he goes into subjects with the mathematical virtuosity for which he was famous – not advanced mathematics, but the incredible use of simple mathematics. … there are gems throughout the book. … it is a wonderful book for a professor to own, like Feyman’s lectures, because there is so much to learn from it. … The book was lovingly edited from some UCLA lecture notes, by Berthold-Georg Englert, a longtime student and assistant of Schwinger’s … ." (Daniel Greenberger, American Journal of Physics, Vol 71 (9), 2003) "Editor Englert has performed a service for physicists everywhere by making available this book, which is based on Schwinger’s unpublished UCLA lecture notes. … each chapter has beautiful and unusual treatments of familiar topics. … There are excellent problems at the end of each chapter. This book would make an outstanding supplement and reference for a graduate quantum mechanics course. Theoretical physicists will delight in this wonderful book, which should be available in the library system of any institution with a research or graduate program … ." (M. C. Ogilvie, CHOICE, December, 2001) "The book commences with an absorbing prologue in which Schwinger talks us through the development of quantum mechanic and quantum field theory in an easy conversational style. … The book is packed with exercises for the reader to attempt. … Anyone who works religiously through these exercises will acquire a thoroughly adequate command of quantum mechanics." (W. Cox, Mathematical Reviews, Issue 2002 h) "Quantum mechanics: Symbolism of Atomic Measurements is not just another textbook on quantum mechanics. Rather, it contains truly novel elements of both content and style. … This opening chapter should be of interest to all scholars of quantum theory and might form a new topic of research for philosophers of quantum mechanics. Throughout the text, new material is presented at a breathless pace. All the usual elements of the subject are there, but Schwinger’s presentation reveals surprises in even the most familiar of these." (S. M. Barnett, Contemporary Physics, Vol. 44 (2), 2003) "In the beginning, the editor has added an important material in the form of a prologue … . This is one of the best treatments of the philosophy of quantum mechanics, which I have come across. … One of the major features of the book is the incorporation of a large number of problems … . the contents of the problems are well integrated in the text and have become part of it. This has caused a rich and tight structure of the logical arguments." (S. S. Bhattacharyya, Indian Journal of Physics, Vol. 76B (3), 2002) "This unique textbook is based upon the lecture notes that Julian Schwinger wrote up for the students of the quantum mechanics course … . this book would probably make an ideal quantum mechanics reference … . There are a large number of problems included at the end of each chapter, which comprise an excellent resource for any lecturer … . this textbook is a unique resource, which provides an insight into the thoughts and deliberations of one of this century’s giants of quantum mechanics." (P. C. Dastoor, The Physicist, Vol. 38 (5), 2001) "There are dozens of excellent textbooks on the market. But this one really is different. … there is a carefully argued historical and philosophical prologue that sets the scene, centred on the two key features of quantum physics – atomicity and its probabilistic character; this alone would make the book worthwhile. The emphasis on discrete variables is a very modern approach… . To a theoretical physicist, this book is a delight and a wonderful resource. … This is a book I shall treasure." (Tom Kibble, Times Higher Education Supplement, September, 2001)Table of ContentsPrologue.- A. Fall Quarter: Quantum Kinematics.- 1 Measurement Algebra.- 2 Continuous q, p Degree of Freedom.- 3 Angular Momentum.- 4 Galilean Invariance.- B. Winter Quarter: Quantum Dynamics.- 5 Quantum Action Principle.- 6 Elementary Applications.- 7 Harmonic Oscillators.- 8 Hydrogenic Atoms.- C. Spring Quarter: Interacting Particles.- 9 Two-Particle Coulomb Problem.- 10 Identical Particles.- 11 Many-Electron Atoms.- 12 Electromagnetic Radiation.

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Book Synopsis"...Einer der Vorteile dieses Lehrbuchs beruht auf der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Experimentalphysiker und Theoretiker als Autoren, wobei beide international bekannte und geschätzte Wissenschaftler sind. Dadurch kommen beide Aspekte der Quantenphysik, die entscheidenden Experimente und das mathematische Gerüst, zur Geltung..." (Physikalische Blätter)Table of ContentsListe der wichtigsten verwendeten Symbole.- 1. Einleitung.- 2. Masse und Größ.- 3. Die Isotopie.- 4. Kernstruktur des Atoms.- 5. Das Photon.- 6. Das Elektron.- 7. Einige Grundeigenschaften der Materiewellen.- 8. Das Bohrsehe Modell des Wasserstoff-Atoms.- 9. Das mathematische Gerüst der Quantentheorie.- 10. Quantenmechanik des Wasserstoff-Atoms.- 11. Aufhebung der l-Entartung in den Spektren der Alkali-Atome.- 12. Bahn- und Spin-Magnetismus, Feinstruktur.- 13. Atome im Magnetfeld, Experimente und deren halbklassische Beschreibung.- 14. Atome im Magnetfeld, quantenmechanische Behandlung.- 15. Atome im elektrischen Feld.- 16. Allgemeine Gesetzmäßigkeiten optischer Übergänge.- 17. Mehrelektronenatome.- 18. Röntgenspektren, innere Schale.- 19. Aufbau des Pseriodensystems, Grundzustände der Elemente.- 20. Kernspin, Hyperfeinstruktur.- 21. Der Laser.- 22. Moderne Methoden der optischen Spektroskopie.- 23. Fortschritte der Quantenphysik: Tieferes Verständnis undneue Anwendungen.- 24. Grundlagen der Quantentheorie der chemischen Bindung.- Mathematischer Anhang.- A. Die Diracsche Deltafunktion und die Normierung der Wellenfunktion eines kräftefreien Teilchens im unbegrenzten Raum.- B. Einige Eigenschaften des Harniltonoperators, seiner Eigenfunktionen und Eigenwerte.- C. Herleitung der Heisenbergschen Unschärferelation.- Lösungen zu den Aufgaben.- Literaturverzeichnis zur Ergänzung und Vertiefung.- Fundamental-Konstanten der Atomphysik (Vordere Einbandinnenseite).- Energie-Umrechnungstabelle (Hintere Einbandinnenseite).

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Book SynopsisDieses Open-Access-Buch beschreibt das Leben und die Leistungen des norwegischen Ingenieurs und Physikers Rolf Widerøe. Zu seinen vielen bahnbrechenden Leistungen auf dem Gebiet der Beschleunigerphysik gehören unter anderem das Betatron und der Linearbeschleuniger, deren Konzepte er in seiner 27-seitigen Doktorarbeit veröffentlichte. Das Betatron revolutionierte die Bereiche der Krebsbehandlung durch Strahlentherapie und durch nicht-desktruktive Tests. Krankenhäuser auf der ganzen Welt setzen Widerøes Maschine ein, und auch die heutigen modernen Geräte zur Strahlenbehandlung basieren auf seinen Erfindungen. Die jüngste Renaissance des Linearbeschleunigers sorgt für beispiellose Röntgenintensitäten bei Freien-Elektronen-Laser-Anlagen, die weltweit in Betrieb sind. Widerøes Geschichte enthält eine gehörige Portion Dramatik, insbesondere während des Zweiten Weltkriegs, als sowohl die Deutschen als auch die Alliierten um seine Mitarbeit buhlten. Der Physiker hatte führende Positionen in multinationalen Industriekonzernen inne und war einer der Berater beim Bau des weltgrößten Kernforschungszentrums CERN in der Schweiz. Er erwarb über 200 Patente, erhielt mehrere Ehrendoktorwürden und eine Reihe internationaler Auszeichnungen. Die Autorin, Journalistin und Produzentin von Fernsehdokumentationen, erzählt in diesem Werk eine fesselnde Wissenschaftsgeschichte. Während ihrer Recherche hatte sie in mehreren Ländern Zugang zu bisher verschlossenen Archiven erhalten, die eine Fülle von neuem Material und Erkenntnissen, insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit den Kriegsjahren, lieferten. Die Übersetzung wurde von Daniela Stilzebach angefertigt. Das E-Book dieses Werks ist als Open-Access-Veröffentlichung auf springer.com erhältlich. Table of ContentsDanksagung.- Vorwort: You name it.- 1 Ein gut betuchtes Zuhause.- 2 Die Welt wartet.- 3 Das dunkle Kapitel.- 4 Landesverrat: Fall Nr. 3418.- 5 Aber da war mehr ….- 6 Warum?.- 7 Nachwort: Der Brief vom Bruder.

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. The Basis of Monte Carlo 3. Pseudorandom Number Generators 4. Sampling, Scoring, and Precision 5. Variance Reduction Techniques 6. Markov Chain Monte Carlo 7. Inverse Monte Carlo 8. Linear Operator Equations 9. The Fundamentals of Neutral Particle Transport 10. Monte Carlo Simulation of Neutral Particle Transport 11. Monte Carlo Applications

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Book SynopsisThe gripping true story of Klaus Fuchs: the spy who sold the nuclear secrets to the Russians.Trade ReviewA gripping espionage story that might have been penned by the master of Cold War spy fiction John le Carre * Daily Express *Pacy and well-crafted * Guardian *

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Book SynopsisThe development of nuclear weapons during the Manhattan Project is one of the most significant scientific events of the twentieth century. This revised and updated 4th edition explores the challenges that faced the scientists and engineers of the Manhattan Project. It gives a clear introduction to fission weapons at the level of an upper-year undergraduate physics student by examining the details of nuclear reactions, their energy release, analytic and numerical models of the fission process, how critical masses can be estimated, how fissile materials are produced, and what factors complicate bomb design. An extensive list of references and a number of exercises for self-study are included. Revisions to this fourth edition include many upgrades and new sections. Improvements are made to, among other things, the analysis of the physics of the fission barrier, the time-dependent simulation of the explosion of a nuclear weapon, and the discussion of tamped bomb cores. New sections cover, for example, composite bomb cores, approximate methods for various of the calculations presented, and the physics of the polonium-beryllium "neutron initiators" used to trigger the bombs.The author delivers in this book an unparalleled, clear and comprehensive treatment of the physics behind the Manhattan project.Trade Review“The volume is targeted at readers with an advanced undergraduate physics background, with the goals of explicating the principles behind the fission bombs completed in 1945, and of using these principles to illuminate more general areas of physics, such as electromagnetism and statistical mechanics. … both physicists and historians might find it most useful as a reference work.” (Joseph D. Martin, Metascience, Vol. 30, August 25, 2021)Table of ContentsPreface.- Energy Release in Nuclear Reactions, Neutrons, Fission, and Characteristics of Fission.- Critical Mass and Efficiency.- Producing Fissile Material.- Complicating Factors.- Miscellaneous Calculations.- Appendices.- Appendix A: Selected.- Values and Fission Barriers.- Appendix B: Densities, Cross-Sections and Secondary Neutron Numbers.- Appendix C: Energy and Momentum Conservation in a Two-Body Collision.- Appendix D: Energy and Momentum Conservation in a Two-Body Collision That Produces a Gamma-Ray.- Appendix E: Formal Derivation of the Bohr-Wheeler Spontaneous Fission Limit.- Appendix F:Average Neutron Escape Probability From Within a Sphere.- Appendix G: The Neutron Diffusion Equation.- Appendix H: Questions, Answers.- Appendix I: Further Reading.- Appendix J: Useful Constants and Conversion Factors.

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Book SynopsisKompakte 3., aktualisierte und erweiterte Auflage: Die Autoren wenden sich an Studierende nach dem Vordiplom oder Bachelor-Abschluss und geben einen Überblick über die experimentellen und theoretischen Grundlagen des Faches. Ein Teil des Stoffes wird an einigen Universitäten bereits vor dem Vordiplom bzw. während der Bachelor-Ausbildung vermittelt. Die Autoren erläutern zahlreiche Anwendungen kernphysikalischer Methoden in der Materialforschung und der Medizin. Zusätzlich gehen sie auf die Entdeckung neuer Elemente ein, die in jüngster Zeit zu einer Erweiterung des Periodensystems führte. Plus: zahlreiche Übungen mit vollständigen Lösungen.Trade ReviewAus den Rezensionen: “... Gerade für den Studienanfänger ist dies ausgesprochen angenehm - dies umso mehr, als das Buch am Experiment orientiert ist und umfangreiche abstrakte Abhandlungen meidet. Dies ist sicherlich für die allermeisten Studierenden der beste, weil konkreteste Weg, den Stoff zu verinnerlichen. Der flüssig lesbare Band wird abgerundet mit Beispielen und durchgerechneten Übungsaufgaben. Die Literaturliste bietet schließlich zahlreiche Ansätze, einzelne Themen zu vertiefen.“ (www.buchkatalog.de)Table of ContentsÄußere Eigenschaften der Atomkerne.- Innere Eigenschaften von Atomkernen.- Kernmodelle.- Experimentelle Verfahren der Kernphysik.- Streuprozesse und Kernreaktionen.- Kernzerfälle – Radioaktivität.- Kernkräfte.- Anwendungen der Kernphysik.- Ausblick.

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Book SynopsisAtoms in strong radiation fields are interesting objects for study, and the research field that concerns itself with this study is a comparatively young one. For a long period after the ~scovery of the photoelectric effect. it was not possible to generate electro­ magnetic fields that did more than perturb the atom only slightly, and (first-or~er) perturbation theory could perfectly explain what was going on at those low intensities. The development of the pulsed laser bas changed this state of affairs in a rather dramatic way, and fields can be applied that really have a large, or even dominant influence on atomic structure. In the latter case, w~ speak of super-intense fields. Since the interaction between atoms and electromagnetic waves is characterized by many parameters other than the light intensity, such as frequency, iQnization potential, orbit time, etc., it is actually quite difficult to define what is exactly meant by the term 'super-intense'. Obviously the term does not have an absolute meaning, and intensity should always be viewed in relation to other properties of the system. An atom in a radiation field can thus best be described in terms of various ratios of the quantities involved. The nature of the system sometimes drastically changes if the value of one of these parameters exceeds a certain critical value, and the new regime could be called super-intense with respect to that parameter.Table of ContentsPreface. I: Multiphoton Ionization. Stabilization. General Strong-Field Ionization and High-Order ATI. Molecules. II: Multi-Electron Atoms. Correlation Effects. Coherence Transfer. Multiphoton Multiple Ionization. III: Hard Radiation Quanta. X-Rays. Two- Color Processes. Compton Scattering. High-Harmonic Generation. IV: Coherence and Interference. Non-Linear Light Propagation. Coherence, Interference and Wavepackets. Subject Index. Author Index.

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Book SynopsisBrings to life science's efforts to detect cosmic gravitational waves. This title offers readers an unprecedented view of gravitational wave research and explains what it means for an analyst to do work of this kind.Trade Review"Harry Collins is a distinguished sociologist, and in Gravity's Shadow he demonstrates why it is important to go beyond superficial characterizations of science to study how groups of scientists actually work.... This is a book that everyone who cares about the future of science should read." (American Scientist) "Harry Collins has presented us with an enthralling investigation into the way in which big science advances.... A perfect case study in the sociology of science." (Times Higher Education)"

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