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Book SynopsisDeconditioning is an integrated physiological response of the body to a reduction in metabolic rate, that is, to a reduction in energy use or in exercise level. Deconditioning and Reconditioning presents selected background information on the many aspects of ground-based and in-flight physiological research and applications. This multi-author volume emphasizes human research programs on prolonged bed rest, immersion and confinement studies simulating conditions of space flight, as well as data from humans in space. Consolidating this research, chapters cover the psycho-sociological aspects of confinement deconditioning, the effects of deconditioning and reconditioning on aerobic power, thermoregulation during deconditioning, and practical applications.Trade Review"This book is a valuable contribution to the field. Each contributing author presents a comprehensive summary of the current state of knowledge regarding their specific topic. … This book contains much useful information about the physiological deconditioning response associated with bed rest, prolonged water immersion, and prolonged space flight and weightlessness. The book is a good starting point for all students interested in understanding where good health begins, i.e., being physically active." - Doody's Review "[T]he volume offers a global experience in the understanding of maintaining optimal physiology. Dr. Greenleaf and his collaborators have created a useful primer and reference text on the physiology of conditioning and deconditioning … The editor and the various authors have made an admirable effort in keeping the reading both engaging and understandable for an audience not necessarily limited to medical personnel. … [T]his work offers a wealth of information for a wide audience or readers: aerospace physiologists, physicians, nurses, and technicians … . ." - Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine "The individual chapters are informative… .The text will provide useful graduate-level reading…."-Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology, Roy J. ShephardTable of ContentsIntroduction. Psycho-Sociological Aspects of Confinement Deconditioning. Effects of Deconditioning and Reconditioning on Aerobic Power. Physiological Consequences of Deconditioning in Physically Active Populations. Immobilization and Disuse Muscular Atrophy. Free Radical Processes in Conditioning and Deconditioning. Water Immersion Deconditioning in Medicine. The Brittle Bones of Deconditioning. Bed Rest Muscular Atrophy. Bed Rest and Orthostatic-Hypotensive Intolerance. Thermoregulation During Deconditioning.

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Book SynopsisManaging in Health and Social Care is about developing skills to manage and improve health and social care services. The focus throughout is on the role that a manager can play in ensuring effective delivery of high-quality services. Examples from social care and health settings are used to illustrate techniques for managing people, resources, information, projects and change.This new edition has been extensively revised and updated, and includes many new case studies and examples, as well as a new chapter on motivation. It covers topics such as: interorganisational and interprofessional working leadership responding to the needs of service users the service environment accountability and risk working with a budget standards and quality managing change. The authors explore how managers can make a real and positive difference to the work of organisations providing health anTrade ReviewThis book will help service and project managers and should be key to the development of local projects management communities - Anthony Douglas, Community CarePraise for the first edition:'This book will help service and project managers, and should be key to the development of local projects' management communities.' - Community CareTable of ContentsPart 1: The Manager and the Team 1. Your Job as a Manager in Health and Social Care 2. Improving your Effectiveness as a Manager 3. Management and Leadership 4. Understanding Motivation 5. Values and Vision Part 2: Managing for Service Users 6. What do your Service Users Want? 7. Mapping the Service Environment 8. Engaging with Service Users 9. Managing Outcomes for Service Users Part 3: Managing Services 10. Managing Processes 11. Working with a Budget 12. Service Planning, Accountability and Risk Part 4: Managing Improvement 13. Quality in Services 14. Working with Standards 15. Management Control 16. Developing Effective Performance 17. Managing Change 18. Planning and Managing Projects

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Book SynopsisWorking in the Dark focuses on the authorsâ understanding of an individualâs pre-suicide state of mind, based on their work with many suicidal individuals, with special attention to those who attempted suicide while in treatment. The book explores how to listen to a suicidal individualâs history, the nature of their primary relationships and their conscious and unconscious communications.Campbell and Hale address the searing emotional impact on relatives, friends and those involved with a person who tries to kill themself, by offering advice on the management of a suicide attempt and how to follow up in the aftermath. Establishing key concepts such as suicide fantasy and pre-suicidal states in adolescents, the book illustrates the pre-suicide state of mind through clinical vignettes, case studies, reflections from those in recovery and discussions with professionals. Working in the Dark will be of interest to social workers, probation officers, nurses, psycholTrade Review‘Its subject notwithstanding – what a brilliant, much-needed, and ultimately hopeful-helpful book this is! The experience, if not the facts, of suicide remain taboo. The authors, based on nearly a century of combined clinical experience, expound its psychic meaning, developmental origins, and therapeutic implications in ways relevant and accessible to all mental health practitioners. Robustly yet flexibly psychoanalytic, they demonstrate the paradox of suicide as ‘an attempt to live at the cost of life itself’; outline the ‘10 danger signals’ of suicide for professionals; and illuminate the underlying phantasies inherent in the suicidal act. Heeded, this book will be a life-saver!’ – Professor Jeremy Holmes, MD, FRCPych, University of Exeter, UK'The authors’ unrivalled knowledge and experience garnered over many years is distilled to present a rich and compelling approach to suicide and therapeutic practice with suicidal people. The exploration of the influential concept of the pre-suicide state makes sense of suicidal motivations, explains the strong, and often seemingly strange counter-transference responses encountered in this work, and why working with suicidal people can draw negative reactions from professionals. Challenging conventional wisdom, Working in the Dark demonstrates that understanding unconscious suicide fantasies underpinning suicidal behaviour is essential to prevent the dangers of repeated suicide attempts.' - Professor Stephen Briggs, University of East London‘Its subject notwithstanding – what a brilliant, much-needed, and ultimately hopeful-helpful book this is! The experience, if not the facts, of suicide remain taboo. The authors, based on nearly a century of combined clinical experience, expound its psychic meaning, developmental origins, and therapeutic implications in ways relevant and accessible to all mental health practitioners. Robustly yet flexibly psychoanalytic, they demonstrate the paradox of suicide as ‘an attempt to live at the cost of life itself’; outline the ‘10 danger signals’ of suicide for professionals; and illuminate the underlying phantasies inherent in the suicidal act. Heeded, this book will be a life-saver!’ – Professor Jeremy Holmes, MD, FRCPych, University of Exeter, UK'The authors’ unrivalled knowledge and experience garnered over many years is distilled to present a rich and compelling approach to suicide and therapeutic practice with suicidal people. The exploration of the influential concept of the pre-suicide state makes sense of suicidal motivations, explains the strong, and often seemingly strange counter-transference responses encountered in this work, and why working with suicidal people can draw negative reactions from professionals. Challenging conventional wisdom, Working in the Dark demonstrates that understanding unconscious suicide fantasies underpinning suicidal behaviour is essential to prevent the dangers of repeated suicide attempts.' - Professor Stephen Briggs, University of East London'Given the exceptional combination of clinical experience in dealing with suicide and self-harm, and the theoretical sophistication that Don Campbell and Rob Hale bring to the understanding of deeply disturbed people, I was prepared for a very significant contribution and I was not disappointed. The reason that you really do need to read this book from beginning to end , is because of the help it brings to all of us who in our daily professional lives need to survive the trauma of working with people in the extremes of crises of mind and relationships. This is not just a book for the young inexperienced staff who are usually, and often inappropriately, left to deal with the emotional complexities of those who have tried to harm themselves. No matter how long you have been in the field you will time and again find help, insight and support in this very valuable book.' John, Lord Alderdice FRCPsych, University of Maryland, Baltimore USATable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Attitudes about suicide over the ages 2. Suicide and Mental Illness 3. Psychoanalytic Interest in Suicide 4. The core complex 5. Suicide Fantasies and the Pre-suicide State of Mind 6. How Learning from the Patient Generates Theory 7. The Role of the Father in a Pre-suicide State 8. Pre-suicide States in Adolescence 9. Implications for the professional 10. Self-mutilation 11. A patient’s account Conclusion

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Book SynopsisCovering topics in Radiobiology, Modern Physics, Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, Foundations of Medical Physics serves as an introduction to the field of Medical Physics, or Radiation Oncology Physics.An overview of the history of cancer and cancer treatment along with a brief introduction to the fundamental principles of Radiobiology constitute Part I of this book, which serves as the motivation for the principles of Radiation Therapy, or cancer treatment with radiation. Part II contains the fundamental ideas from Modern Physics that form the foundation for an understanding of the approaches to treatment used in Radiation Therapy. Finally, Part III shows the applications of Parts I and II to Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy.This unusual introduction to Medical Physics is aimed at undergraduate physics majors along with other science majors who have taken at least one year of Physics and one year of calculus, although Medical Physics graduate student

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Book SynopsisA considerable number of journal publications using a range of qualitative synthesis approaches has been published. Mary Dixon-Woods and colleagues (Mary Dixon-Woods, Booth, & Sutton, 2007) identified 42 qualitative evidence synthesis papers published in health care literature between 1990 and 2004. An ongoing update by Hannes and Macaitis (2010)identified around 100 additional qualitative or mixed methods syntheses. Yet these generally lack a clear, detailed description of what was done and why (Greenhalgh et al, 2007; McInnes & Wimpenny, 2008). Choices are most commonly influenced by what others have successfully used in the past or by a particular school of thought (Atkins et al, 2008; Britten et al, 2002). This is a substantive limitation. This book brings balance to the options available to researchers, including approaches that have not had a substantial uptake among researchers. It provides arguments for when and why researchers or other parties of interest should opt for a cTable of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. List of Contributors. 1 “It looks great but how do I know if it fits?”: an introduction to meta-synthesis research (Barbara L. Paterson). 2 Obstacles to the implementation of Evidence-Based Practice in Belgium: a worked example of meta-aggregation (Karin Hannes and Alan Pearson). 3 Medicine taking for asthma: a worked example of meta-ethnography (Nicky Britten and Catherine Pope). 4 The use of Morphine to treat cancer related pain: a worked example of Critical Interpretive Synthesis (Kate Flemming and Elizabeth McInnes) 5 The Internet in medical education: a worked example of a realist review (Geoff Wong). 6 Mixed methods synthesis: a worked example (Josephine Kavanagh, Fiona Cambell, Angela Harden and James Thomas). 7 Bayesian approaches to the synthesis of qualitative and quantitative research findings (Jamie L. Crandell, Corrine I. Voils and Margarete Sandelowski). 8 Conclusion (Nathan Manning). Index.

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Book SynopsisMedicines are the core of treatment in biomedicine, as in many other medical traditions. As material things, they have social as well as pharmacological lives, with people and between people. They are tokens of healing and hope, as well as valuable commodities. Each chapter of this book shows drugs in the hands of particular actors: mothers in Manila, villagers in Burkina Faso, women in the Netherlands, consumers in London, market traders in Cameroon, pharmacists in Mexico, injectionists in Uganda, doctors in Sri Lanka, industrialists in India, and policymakers in Geneva. Each example is used to explore a different problem in the study of medicines, such as social efficacy, experiences of control, skepticism and cultural politics, commodification of health, the attraction of technology and the marketing of images and values. The book shows how anthropologists deal with the sociality of medicines, through their ethnography, their theorizing, and their uses of knowledge.Trade Review'… [this] recent volume in the Cambridge Studies in Medical Anthropology series [is an] important contribution to the study of medicines, not only for medical anthropologists, but for anybody who wants to understand what medicines do and how they do what they do … This book does a good job of presenting some of the research that has been done, and makes a persuasive plea for more anthropological and public health attention to this area.' Journal of Biosocial Science'It is difficult to do justice to a book that is full of so many different ethnographic studies and details. The plethora of ethnographic material is the book's big strength.' Journal of Social AnthropologyTable of ContentsPart I. Introduction: 1. An anthropology of materia medica; Part II. The Consumers: 2. Mothers and children: the efficacies of drugs; 3. Villagers and local remedies: the symbolic nature of medicines; 4. Women in distress: medicines for control; 5. Sceptical consumers: doubts about medicines; Part III. The Providers: 6. Drug vendors and their market: the commodification of health; 7. Pharmacists as doctors: bridging the sectors of health care; 8. Injectionists: the attraction of technology; 9. Prescribing physicians: medicines as communication; Part IV. The Strategists: 10. Manufacturers: scientific claims, commercial aims; 11. Health planners: making and contesting drug policy; Part V. Conclusion: 12. Anthropologists and the sociality of medicines.

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Book SynopsisThe introduction of the 5-station PACES (Progressive Assessment of Clinical Examination Skills) exam inspired a great deal of apprehension among candidates. This edition provides complete coverage of all the most common medical cases that will be covered in PACES and similar exams.Trade ReviewComments from candidates' reviews: "The book is an excellently designed companion to PACES preparation. It is portable enough to be carried around with you (unlike some other texts!), and removes some of the fear factor that can hamper preparation. I certainly used this book as my main text whilst on the wards and have recommended it ever since. I feel it is the best PACES text." "The book's format follows the format of the exam and helps to focus and get an idea what one needs to prepare for. It focuses not only on signs related to certain diseases, but also how to recognise and interpret these. As a second step it includes treatment/management to discuss the disease/case in the exam." "One of the greatest assets of this text is the positioning of relevant (and often asked!) questions at the end of this case. Even if studying alone it is possible to see a real patient and then test oneself on the questions practicing for the real exam experience. The close proximity of the answers (directly following the questions) aids readability, as some texts require you to seek out other pages. The competition lacks the questions which help you get good pass marks." "The miscellaneous section of 100 tips is motivating and all-encompassing! I often flicked to the back of the book throughout my preparation. It is also excellent for the night before the exam." "Hall's PACES for MRCP has comprehensive and up-to-date information presented in a very easy-to-read format. It quotes up-to-date studies. The content appears to be more comprehensive than any of the other PACES books out in the market that I have seen." BMA Book Awards 2009 - judges commentsTable of ContentsINTRODUCTION STATION 1 RESPIRATORY AND ABDOMINAL SYSTEM RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Examination of the respiratory system Cases 1.1 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 1.2 Consolidation 1.3 Dullness at the lung base 1.4 Pneumonia 1.5 Lung cancer 1.6 Pancoast's syndrome 1.7 Superior vena cava obstruction 1.8 Collapse/pneumonectomy/lobectomy 1.9 Bronchiectasis 1.10 Cystic fibrosis 1.11 Kartagener's syndrome 1.12 Tuberculosis 1.13 Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and diffuse parenchymal lung disease 1.14 Rheumatoid lung 1.15 Extrinsic allergic alveolitis 1.16 Asbestos-related lung disease and pneumoconiosis 1.17 Pulmonary sarcoidosis 1.18 Pulmonary hypertension 1.19 Cor pulmonale 1.20 Pulmonary embolism 1.21 Pleural effusion 1.22 Pleural rub 1.23 Pneumothorax 1.24 Obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome 1.25 Lung transplant ABDOMINAL SYSTEM Examination of the abdominal system Cases 1.26 Chronic liver disease 1.27 Jaundice 1.28 Ascites 1.29 Alcoholic liver disease 1.30 Viral hepatitis 1.31 Autoimmune hepatitis 1.32 Primary biliary cirrhosis 1.33 Hereditary haemochromatosis 1.34 Wilson's disease 1.35 Hepatomegaly 1.36 Splenomegaly 1.37 Hepatosplenomegaly 1.38 Felty's syndrome 1.39 Abdominal mass 1.40 Crohn's disease 1.41 Ulcerative colitis 1.42 Carcinoid syndrome 1.43 Enteric and urinary stomas 1.44 Chronic myeloid leukaemia 1.45 Polycythaemia vera, myeloproliferative disorders and myelodysplasia 1.46 Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia 1.47 Lymphadenopathy and lymphoma 1.48 Polycystic kidney disease 1.49 Nephrotic syndrome 1.50 Renal transplant STATION 2: HISTORY-TAKING SKILLS Introduction to history-taking skills Clinical reasoning The traditional medical history model Incorporating the patient's perspective - ideas, concerns and expectations History-taking skills - the communication skills that make history-taking effective The traditional model and communication skills - putting these two together Cases Respiratory problems 2.1 Breathlessness 2.2 Asthma Abdominal problems 2.3 Dyspepsia 2.4 Dysphagia 2.5 Abdominal pain 2.6 Altered bowel habit Cardiovascular problems 2.7 Prevention of cardiovascular disease and weight gain 2.8 Chest pain and angina 2.9 Acute coronary syndrome 2.10 Heart failure 2.11 Palpitations 2.12 Atrial fibrillation 2.13 Dyslipidaemia 2.14Hypertension Neurological problems 2.15 Headache 2.16 Transient ischaemic attack 2.17 Weakness and wasting 2.18 TMultiple sclerosis 2.19 Tremor Locomotor problems 2.20 Back pain 2.21 Joint pain Eye problems 2.22 Visual loss Endocrine problems 2.23 Type 1 diabetes mellitus 2.24 Type 2 diabetes mellitus Renal and metabolic problems 2.25 Acute renal failure 2.26 Chronic kidney disease and renal replacement therapy 2.27 Glomerulonephritis 2.28 Systemic vasculitis 2.29 Hypercalcaemia 2.30 Hyponatraemia 2.31 Poisoning and metabolic disturbance Haematological problems 2.32 Anaemia 2.33 Sickle cell disease and thalassaemia 2.34 Purpura 2.35 Haemophilia 2.36 Deep vein thrombosis 2.37 Thrombophilic tendency 2.38 Myeloma Infectious disease 2.39 Human immunodeficiency virus infection Other general internal medicine and elderly care problems 2.40 Falls and rehabilitation 2.41 Syncope 2.42 Seizures 2.43 Acute confusion 2.44 Mild cognitive impairment and dementia 2.45 Incontinence 2.46 Raised inflammatory markers 2.47 Polymyalgia and giant cell arteritis 2.48 Pyrexia and sepsis 2.49 Weight loss 2.50 Tiredness STATION 3: CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM AND NERVOUS SYSTEM CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Examination of the cardiovascular system Cases 3.1 Mitral stenosis 3.2 Mitral regurgitation 3.3 Aortic stenosis 3.4 Aortic regurgitation 3.5 Tricuspid regurgitation and Ebstein's anomaly 3.6 Other right-sided heart murmurs 3.7 Mixed valve disease 3.8 Mitral valve prolapse 3.9 Prosthetic valves 3.10 Permanent pacemaker 3.11 Infective endocarditis 3.12 Congenital heart disease 3.13 Cyanotic heart disease 3.14 Hypertrophic (obstructive) cardiomyopathy 3.15 Pericardial rub and pericardial disease NERVOUS SYSTEM Examination of the nervous system - Overview of the organisation of the nervous system and how to examine it - Cranial nerves - Higher cortical function and specific lobes - Speech and language - Power and sensation - Upper limbs - Lower limbs - Gait Cases 3.16 Visual field defects 3.17 Ocular nerve lesions 3.18 Internuclear ophthalmoplegia 3.19 Nystagmus 3.20 Ptosis 3.21 Large pupil 3.22 Small pupil 3.23 Horner's syndrome 3.24 Cerebellopontine angle syndrome 3.25 Facial nerve palsy 3.26 Bulbar palsy 3.27 Anterior circulation stroke syndromes 3.28 Dysphasia and dysarthria 3.29 Pseudobulbar palsy 3.30 Agnosias and apraxias 3.31 Posterior circulation stroke syndromes 3.32 Parkinson's disease 3.33 Cerebellar disease 3.34 Spastic paraparesis and Brown Sequard syndrome 3.35 Syringomyelia 3.36 Absent ankle jerks and extensor plantars 3.37 Motor neurone disease 3.38 Cervical myeloradiculopathy 3.39 Cauda equina syndrome 3.40 Carpal tunnel syndrome (median nerve lesion) 3.41 Ulnar nerve lesion 3.42 Radial nerve lesion 3.43 Wasting of the small (intrinsic) muscles of the hand 3.44 Common peroneal nerve lesion 3.45 Peripheral neuropathy 3.46 Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and hereditary neuropathies 3.47 Guillain-Barre syndrome 3.48 Myasthenia gravis 3.49 Myotonic dystrophy STATION 4: COMMUNICATION SKILLS AND ETHICS COMMUNICATION SKILLS AND ETHICS Introduction to communication skills and ethics Cases Discussing clinical management 4.1 Explaining a diagnosis 4.2 Explaining an investigation 4.3 Discussing a treatment 4.4 Discussing management, prognosis and possible complications in a patient with multiple problems 4.5 Discussing diagnostic uncertainty 4.6 Discussing risk and treatment effect 4.7 Negotiating a management plan for a chronic disease/long-term condition 4.8 Encouraging concordance with treatment and prevention Communication in special circumstances 4.9 Cross-cultural communication 4.10 Communicating with angry patients or relatives 4.11 Communicating with upset and distressed relatives 4.12 Discharge against medical advice 4.13 Delayed discharge Breaking bad news 4.14 Cancer - potentially curable 4.15 Cancer - likely incurable 4.16 Cancer - patient not fit for active treatment 4.17 Chronic disease 4.18 Discussing an acutely terminal situation with relatives Confidentiality, consent and capacity 4.19 Legal points in confidentiality 4.20 Breaching confidentiality when a third party may be at risk 4.21 Breaching confidentiality in the public interest 4.22 Confidentiality when talking with relatives and other third parties 4.23 Consent for investigation or treatment 4.24 Consent and capacity 4.25 Refusal to consent 4.26 Deliberate self-harm End of life issues 4.27 Resuscitation-status decision-making discussion with patient 4.28 Resuscitation status decision-making discussion with relative 4.29 Appropriateness of intensive therapy unit transfer 4.30 Withholding and withdrawing life-prolonging treatments - Artificial hydration and nutrition 4.31 Withholding and withdrawing life-prolonging treatments - antibiotics and drugs 4.32 Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostromy feeding 4.33 Palliative care 4.34 Advance directives/decisions 4.35 Persistent vegetative state 4.36 Brainstem death 4.37 Discussing live organ donation 4.38 Requesting an autopsy (post-mortem) Clinical Governance 4.39 Critical incident 4.40 Managing a complaint and the question of negligence 4.41 Fitness to practice - poor peformance in a colleague 4.42 Fitness to practice - misconduct in a colleague 4.43 Fitness to practice - health problems in a colleague 4.44 Recruitment to a randomised controlled trial Other communication, ethical and legal scenarios 4.45 Genetic testing 4.46 HIV testing 4.47 Needlestick injury 4.48 Medical opinion on fitness for anaesthesia 4.49 Fitness to drive 4.50 Industrial injury benefits STATION 5: SKIN, LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM, EYES, ENDOCRINE SYSTEM SKIN Examination of the skin Cases 5.1 Psoriasis 5.2 Dermatitis 5.3 Lichen planus 5.4 Blistering skin condititions 5.5 Facial rash 5.6 Scleroderma, vitiligo and autoimmune skin disease 5.7 Oral lesions 5.8 Nail lesions 5.9 Shin lesions 5.10 Neurofibromatosis 5.11 Tuberose sclerosis 5.12 Neoplastic skin lesions 5.13 Skin vasculitis 5.14 Xanthomata and xanthelasmata 5.15 Skin and soft tissue infection LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM Examination of the joints Examination of the hands and arms Examination of the legs Examination of the spine Cases 5.16 Rheumatoid hands and rheumatoid arthritis 5.17 Ankylosing spondylitis and spondyloarthropathies 5.18 Systemic lupus erythematosus 5.19 Scleroderma 5.20 Crystal arthropathy 5.21 Osteoarthritis 5.22 Paget's disease 5.23 Marfan's syndrome 5.24 Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 5.25 Osteogenesis imperfecta EYES Examination of the eyes Cases 5.26 Diabetic retinopathy 5.27 Hypertensive retinopathy 5.28 Swollen optic disc and papilloedema 5.29 Optic atrophy 5.30 Chorioretinitis 5.31 Retinitis pigmentosa 5.32 Central retinal vein occlusion 5.33 Central retinal artery occlusion 5.34 Retinal detachment and vitreous haemorrhage 5.35 Drusen and age-related macula degeneration (asteroids) 5.36 Angioid streaks 5.37 Myelinated nerve fibres 5.38 Glaucoma 5.39 Cataracts 5.40 Uveitis and red eye ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Examination of the thyroid Cases 5.41 Hyperthyroidism and Grave's disease 5.42 Hypothyroidism 5.43 Goitre and neck lumps 5.44 Acromegaly 5.45 Hypopituitarism 5.46 Cushing's syndrome 5.47 Hypoadrenalism and Addison's disease 5.48 Hirsutism and polycystic ovarian syndrome 5.49 Hypogonadism and gynaecomastia 5.50 Pseudohypoparathyroidism APPENDIX 100 tips for passing PACES INDEX

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsThe Respiratory System: Introduction. Structure of the respiratory system. Elastic properties of the respiratory system. Airflow in the respiratory system. Ventilation in the respiratory system. Gas exchange between air and blood: diffusion. The pulmonary circulation: bringing blood and gas together. Carriage of gases by blood and acid/base balance. Chemical control of breathing. Nervous control of breathing. Lung function tests.

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsThe Renal System: Urinary tract structure and infection. Body fluids, nephron function and diuretics. Water balance and regulation of osmolarity. Acid-base balance and regulation of pH. Glomerular filtration and acute kidney injury. Proteinuria and the nephrotic syndrome. Glomerulonephritis and the acute nephritic syndrome. Diabetic nephropaphy and chronic kidney disease. End stage kidney disease and replacement of renal function. Hypertension and the kidney. Pregnancy and the kidney. Urinary tract obstruction and stones. Renal masses and urinary tract tumours. Drugs and the kidney.

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Book SynopsisEssential Orthodontics: Diagnosis and Treatment is designed to help dental students, orthodontic residents, and general dentists understand the basic concepts and procedures essential to the diagnosis, treatment planning, and treatment of patients who have relatively simple malocclusion problems.Trade Review"This book is best suited for use by the undergraduate student but may have interest for the general dentist wishing to further their orthodontic knowledge. The treatment of simple malocclusions is emphasised which makes the book less suitable for the orthodontist or a postgraduate student, but the technical chapters would be of benefit to the training dental technician interested in the construction of orthodontic removable appliances." (Australian Orthodontic Journal, 2 November 2011) Table of ContentsPreface xiii Acknowledgments xv Introduction xvii Chapter 1 Orthodontic Diagnosis and Treatment Planning 3 Normal and Ideal Occlusion 3 Normal Occlusion in the Primary Dentition 4 Centric Occlusion and Centric Relation 5 Angle Classification of Malocclusion 6 Angle Class I Malocclusion 6 Class I Malocclusions in the Primary and Mixed Dentitions 7 Angle Class II Division 1 Malocclusion 7 Angle Class II Division 2 Malocclusion 8 Class II Malocclusions in the Primary and Mixed Dentitions 8 End-to-End Occlusion 8 Angle Class III Malocclusion 9 Class III Malocclusions in Primary and Mixed Dentitions 9 Super Class I Malocclusions 9 Super Class II and Super Class III Malocclusions 9 Subdivision Malocclusions 9 Class II Subdivision Malocclusions 9 Class III Subdivision Malocclusions 9 Class II-III Subdivision Malocclusions 10 Incisor Dental Compensations in Class II and Class III Malocclusions 10 Iowa Notation System for Angle Classification 10 Rules for Assigning Angle Classification 10 Rating the Severity of a Malocclusion 11 Orthodontic Records 11 Clinical Examination 12 Summary of Findings, Problem List, and Diagnosis 16 Consultation with Patient and/or Parent 17 Chapter 2 Dental Impressions and Study Cast Trimming 19 Study Casts 19 Digital Casts 19 Alginate Impressions 20 Mandibular Impression 20 Maxillary Impression 21 Record of Centric Occlusion 21 Pouring of Plaster Study Casts 22 Study Cast Trimming 22 Chapter 3 Dental Cast Analysis in Adults 33 Tooth Size–Arch Length Analysis 33 Measurement of Tooth Size and Arch Length 33 Factors Influencing a Tooth Size–Arch Length Analysis 34 Curve of Spee 34 Incisor Inclination and Anteroposterior Position 36 Second and Third Molar Evaluation 36 Comparison of TSALD Analysis and the Irregularity Index 37 Arch Width Measurements 37 Diagnostic Setup 38 Bolton Analysis 38 Overbite and Overjet Measurements 40 Mandibular Crowding 42 Tooth Widths in Normal Occlusion 42 Chapter 4 Dental Cast Analysis in the Mixed Dentition 43 Tooth Size–Arch Length Analysis 43 Prediction of the Widths of Nonerupted Canines and Premolars 44 Radiographic Enlargement of Nonerupted Canines and Premolars 45 Revised Hixon-Oldfather Prediction Method 45 Iowa Prediction Method for Both Arches 48 Upper Arch 48 Lower Arch 48 Standard Error of Estimate 48 Radiograph Image Problems 53 Proportional Equation Prediction Method 53 Tanaka and Johnston Prediction Method 54 Measurement of Arch Lengths on Casts 54 Measurement Instruments and Guidelines 55 Factors that Influence a Mixed-Dentition Arch Length Analysis 55 Interpretation of a Mixed- Dentition Arch Length Analysis 55 Chapter 5 Radiographic Analysis 57 Periapical Survey 57 Panoramic Radiograph 57 Occlusal Radiographs 61 Cone Beam Radiographs 62 Lateral Cephalometric Radiographs 64 Anatomic Landmarks 65 Cephalometric Landmarks 65 Cephalometric Point Locations 66 Cephalometric Planes 67 Cephalometric Angles and Distances 68 Skeletal Angles and Distances 68 Dental Angles 69 Distances of Incisors to Anterior Vertical Lines 69 Cephalometric Norms and Treatment Goals 71 Lateral Cephalometric Tracing 71 Posteroanterior Cephalometric Radiograph 72 Analog versus Digital Radiography 73 Chapter 6 Lingual and Palatal Arches 75 Incisor Liability and Leeway Space 75 Passive Lower Lingual Holding Arch 75 Prevalence of Incisor Crowding 76 Premature Loss of a Primary Molar 77 Asymmetric Loss of a Primary Canine 78 Nance Holding Arch 79 Trans-palatal Arch 82 Insertion of a Passive Lingual or Palatal Arch 83 Fixed-Removable Lingual and Palatal Arches 84 Undesirable Side Effects of Passive and Active Lingual and Palatal Arches 86 Laboratory Prescription and Construction of a Lower Loop Lingual Arch 87 Failure of a Lower Lingual Arch 92 Chapter 7 Management of Anterior Crossbites 95 Prevalence of Anterior Crossbite Malocclusions 95 Angle Classification 96 Centric Relation to Centric Occlusion Functional Shift on Closure 96 Overbite 96 Adequate Arch Length 96 Inclination of Maxillary Incisor Roots 97 Rotation of Tooth in Crossbite 97 Number of Teeth in Crossbite 97 Alignment of Lower Anterior Teeth 97 Treatment of Anterior Crossbites with Removable Appliances 97 Treatment of Anterior Crossbites with Fixed Appliances 102 Construction of a Removable Maxillary Appliance to Close a Diastema and Correct a Lateral Incisor in Crossbite 104 Chapter 8 Management of Posterior Crossbites 113 Definition of Posterior Crossbite 113 Prevalence of Posterior Crossbite Malocclusions 113 Angle Classification 114 Intermolar Width Measurements 114 Age of Patient 114 Buccolingual Inclination of the Posterior Teeth 114 Etiology of Bilateral and Unilateral Posterior Crossbites 115 Vertical Dimension 116 Treatment of Posterior Crossbites 116 Correction of Posterior Crossbites with Removable Appliances 116 Correction of Posterior Crossbites with Fixed Expander Appliances 123 Chapter 9 Management of Incisor Diastemas 135 Prevalence of Maxillary Diastemas 135 Etiologic Factors to Consider 135 Size of Teeth and Bolton Analysis 136 Arch Size 137 Maxillary Labial Frenum 137 Rotated Incisors 138 Thumb-Sucking Habit 138 Angle Classifi cation 139 Management with Appliances 139 Treatment of a Diastema with a Removable Loop Spring Appliance 139 Treatment of a Diastema with a Finger Spring Removable Appliance 141 Treatment of a Diastema Caused by a Thumb Habit 143 Treatment of a Diastema with the Edgewise Fixed Appliance 144 Chapter 10 Molar Uprighting and Space Regaining 151 Introduction 151 Ectopic Eruption of Permanent First Molars 151 Uprighting Molars in the Mixed Dentition 153 Ectopic Eruption of Upper First Molars 153 Ectopic Eruption and Tipping of Lower First Molars 158 Mesial Tipping of Permanent Molars after Loss of a First Molar 162 Prevention of Molar Tipping after Loss of a First Molar 164 Impaction of Second Molars 164 Loss of Both First and Second Molars 165 T-Loop Uprighting Spring and Edgewise Fixed Appliance 165 Forces Generated by the T-Loop Uprighting Spring 167 Patient Treated with a T-Loop Uprighting Spring 168 Helical Uprighting Spring 169 Forces Generated by the Helical Uprighting Spring 171 Patient Treated with a Helical Uprighting Spring 171 Other Appliances Used to Upright Molars 172 Repositioning of Teeth Prior to Prosthetic Restoration 172 Chapter 11 Orthodontic Examination and Decision Making for the Family Dentist 177 Introduction 177 Orthodontic Screening 178 Guidelines for Orthodontic Decision Making 179 Problems 180 Pretreatment Records 180 Patient 1 181 Patient 2 182 Patient 3 184 Patient 4 186 Patient 5 187 Patient 6 189 Patient 7 190 Patient 8 192 Patient 9 193 Treatment Records 195 Patient 1 195 Patient 2 196 Patient 3 198 Patient 4 200 Patient 5 202 Patient 6 204 Patient 7 206 Patient 8 208 Patient 9 210 Chapter 12 How Orthodontic Appliances Move Teeth 213 Introduction 213 Biomechanics 216 Newton’s First Law 218 Newton’s Second Law 219 Keys to Understanding the Delivery of Orthodontic Forces 219 General Displacements of Rigid Bodies: Euler and Chasles 221 Limitations of Illustrating Three-Dimensional Tooth Movements in Two- Dimensional Figures 221 Translation of a Tooth in the Edgewise Fixed Appliance 222 How a Tooth Is Translated in the Edgewise Fixed Appliance 222 Rotation of a Tooth in the Edgewise Fixed Appliance 225 Newton’s Third Law 226 Chapter 13 The Edgewise Fixed Appliance 229 Introduction 229 The Edgewise Appliance 229 Arch Wires 230 Bands 231 Separators 231 Fitting a Band 231 Cementing a Band 231 Band Cements 232 Removal of Bands 232 Bonding of Brackets 232 Anatomic Considerations 233 The Straight Wire Appliance™ 234 Bracket and Molar Tube Placement 234 Direct and Indirect Bonding 236 Removal of Brackets and Bonded Attachments from Teeth 236 Arch Form 236 Chapter 14 Retention Appliances 239 Introduction 239 Fixed Retainers and Tooth Positioners 239 Invisible Retainers 243 Essix Retainers 249 Basic Retainer Design 251 Wire-Bending Skills 252 Maxillary Labial Bow Bending 254 Ball Clasp 267 C-Clasp 271 Adams Clasp 271 ReSta Clasp 285 Mandibular Labial Bow 294 Acrylicing Retainers 301 Acrylic Finishing and Polishing 307 Chapter 15 Orthodontic Materials 317 Introduction 317 Orthodontic Wires 317 Stainless Steel Wires 317 Sensitization 317 Cold Working 318 Recovery Heat Treatment 319 Annealing 319 Cobalt-Chromium-Nickel Wires 319 Beta-Titanium Wires 320 Nickel-Titanium Wires 320 Physical Properties of Orthodontic Wires 320 Wire Sizes 322 Electric Welding 323 Flame Soldering 324 Electric Soldering 324 Index 327

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Book SynopsisThe first book of its kind, this reference describes current diagnostic and treatment strategies for acute and chronic heart failure in the fetus, neonate, child, and young adult-encompassing every aspect of pediatric heart failure including historical perspectives, the latest technologies in mechanical circulatory support, and recent information on the psychosocial aspects of heart failure in children.Table of ContentsIntroduction and Historical Perspective. Mechanisms of Pediatric Heart Failure. Acute Heart Failure in Fetus, Neonate and Infant. Acute Heart Failure in Children and Adolescents. Chronic Heart Failure in Children. Special Considerations

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Book SynopsisTranspersonal Hypnosis presents a multidimensional, energy-based view of human awareness that integrates disparate biological, psychological, and spiritual therapeutic techniques. Each of the chapters - all from world-renowned contributors - includes both a historical overview and the theory behind the development of each technique. The authors emphasize experimental studies that examine the validity of using hypnotically accessed transpersonal states of consciousness to heal the body, mind, and spirit. Several clinical vignettes highlight the types of medical and psychological symptoms responsive to these approaches. The emerging field of spiritually-influenced treatments is transforming the practice of medicine.Trade Review"Transpersonal Hypnosis explores an ancient yet modern view of the mind-that it extends beyond the body and is free in space and time. Modern physicians, therapists, and scholars are at long last beginning to take seriously this view of consciousness. The implications of this perspective for our origins and destiny are full of hope and promise, as this book compellingly reveals."-Larry Dossey, M.D., Editor, Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine"A wonderful collection of information and insights that are vital to our understanding of the nature of life, healing and consciousness."-Bernie Siegel, M.D."The new frontier is on these pages; this is where the intellectual excitement, the creativity, and the healing potential truly lies. Bravo!"-Belleruth Naparstek, author of "Your Sixth Sense" "Overall, this is a highly recommended book that is clearly written and provides helpful information for anyone interested in transpersonal growth in clinical practice, from novice to experienced professionals. I was pleased to pick up new insights, new techniques, and new suggestions for further reading from many of the chapters." - Daniel J. Benor, MD, author of "Healing Research, Volumes I-IV"Table of ContentsIntroduction Chapter Overviews and Authors' Biographies Fear of Psychic Phenomena-Charles Tart, Ph.D. Mesmerism, Hypnosis and the Human Energy Field-Eric Leskowitz, MD Energy Healing and Hypnosis-Eric Leskowitz, MD Clinical Intuition and Energy Field Resonance-John Tatum, MD Hypnosis, Yoga and Psychotherapy-Susana Hassan-Schwarz Galle, Ph.D. Yogic Breathwork and Ultradian Hypnosis-Darlene Osowiec Ph.D. Animal Imagery and the Personal Totem Pole Process-Stephen Gallegos, Ph.D. Ericksonian Hypnosis and Meditation-Stephen Wolinsky, Ph.D. Jungian Past Life Regression-Roger Woolger, Ph.D. Prenatal and Perinatal Hypnotherapy-David Chamberlain, Ph.D. Spirit Releasement Therapy-Joseph Wicker, Psy.D. Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Transpersonal Hypnosis-Stanley Krippner, Ph.D. Channelling and Hypnosis-Eric Leskowitz, MD

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisPublished by the UKs Leading Medical Admissions Company, the Ultimate Medical Personal Statement Guide is the most comprehensive personal statement book available. It contains detailed expert advice for every stage of the writing process; from starting the opening sentence to making the finishing touches.It also includes 100 Successful Medical School Personal Statements so you can see what the admissions tutors at your university like (and don't like!). With contributions and advice from over 25 Specialist Medical Tutors, this is a MUST-BUY for those looking to secure their place at medical school.For more personal statement resources check out www.uniadmissions.co.uk

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Book SynopsisExploring the forces that determine the rate and direction of medical progress, this book brings together the worlds of scientific policy, economics, sociology, and innovation to describe the medical research landscape. Covers how issues, including incentive structures and lack of novelty in drug development, influence and impede progress.Trade Review'With engaging examples and a surprising breadth of research, The Trajectory of Discovery, brilliantly illuminates how both the rate and trajectory of medical research rests on the incentives built into the scientific system and the social context in which research takes place. Khurana deftly applies a host of classical and new findings from across scientometrics, sociology of science, and the economics of innovation to the medical area and highlight why we (don't) know what we (don't) know. Through examples, theory, and empirical research, the book argues that discovery rests crucially on the aggregated choices of many scientists, whose actions are shaped by the social logic of scientific system - a logic that is not necessarily optimized for this endeavor. It will be a great read for social scientists interested in the intricacies of medical science, or doctors in search for explanations of why science works the way it does.' Emil Bargmann Madsen, Postdoctoral Researcher, Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy, Aarhus University'The rate and direction of medical progress remain neglected topics for systematic study. Mark P. Khurana's The Trajectory of Discovery shines the spotlight on such issues and makes this what is likely to be the most important book on both biomedicine and science policy this year.' Tyler Cowen, Professor of Economics, George Mason University'A compelling route into the contemporary world of science. With plenty of illuminating examples from biomedical research, Khurana gives us an insider's view into how prizes, important discoveries, easily-accessible tools, funding bubbles, temporary emergencies and crises have long-term effect on what scientists study, and contribute to determine whether science will ultimately progress or sluggish. It shows how patients' groups, philanthropic institutions, corporate lobbies and governments can have a say into what gets prioritized and discusses how some of the current obsessions of science, such as having positive findings, publishing first and cumulate citations pose additional frictions. The final portrait is a world where little room, if any, is left to academic freedom.' Chiara Franzoni, Professor of Applied Economics, School of Management, Polytechnic University of MilanTable of ContentsPart I. Incentives, Context and Capital: 1. Citations as currency; 2. Hacking statistics; 3. The allure of prizes; 4. Streetlight effects; 5. Patented and regulated progress; 6. Teams and diversity; Part II. The Financial Determinants of Discovery: 7. The research marketplace; 8. Winners take all; 9. Public service; 10. The medici model; 11. The goldilocks zone; 12. Kindling creativity; Part III. Bending the Arc: 13. Lobbying for change; 14. Scientific elasticity; 15. Death of a star // new kids on the block; 16. Great emergencies; 17. Fraudulent findings; 18. Serendipity; 19. Converging paths; Part IV. Reflecting on the Trajectory: 20. Civic engagement; 21. Uncertainty; 22. Commercialization and power; 23. Morality and progress.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisMany medical professionals are now seeking to train in Cosmetic Practice, and there are many courses offering practical training and many texts offering detailed guides to the procedures; this text offers instead a helpful overview of the fundamentals involved and how they impact on practical skills, patient management, and potential complications. It constitutes the perfect guide to professional certification and beyond that to Cosmetic Practice. *Presents the starter in aesthetic practice with the fundamentals of minimally invasive treatments. *Offers a reliable resource for any medical professional wishing to certify in this specialty. *Combines material on both main treatment and on aesthetic patient management.Trade Review'One might think we do not need another book about how to inject botulinum toxin A and tissue fillers. However, this reference contains thorough, practical advice on how to start performing these procedures, how to avoid common mistakes, and how to rectify these mistakes should they occur. The author emphasizes the importance of properly obtaining patient consent and discussing the procedures and their attendant risks. He particularly does an excellent job of explaining how to recognize early signs of complications. There are many diagrams indicating his approach to performing filler injections in various areas on the face. These are clearly marked, with the accompanying textexplaining the rationale for the direction and order of the injections diagrammed.'- Patricia Wong, MD, Private Practice, Doody Enterprises"...practical, clear, and easy to understand."Doody's Review ServiceTable of ContentsThe history of botulinum toxin * The history of dermal fillers * Facial anatomy * Anatomy, physiology, and histology of the skin * The science of ageing * Patient assessment * Communication skills * Introduction to botulinum toxin * Botulinum toxin practical skills * Botulinum toxin complications and management * Introduction to dermal fillers * Dermal filler practical skills * Dermal filler complications and managements

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Book SynopsisMammalian heme peroxidase enzymes play a critical role in innate immune responses and disease prevention. The formation of potent chemical oxidants is essential to this protective physiologic activity in immunity. Although highly beneficial in the context of immune defense, it is now well established that peroxidases and their overproduction of oxidants contribute to the initiation and persistence of many chronic inflammatory conditions in the cardiovascular, neurologic, respiratory, renal, and gastrointestinal systems. Peroxidasins, a protein family related to heme peroxidases, play a novel role in tissue biogenesis and matrix assembly, which are also attracting attention in different pathological contexts. Given the diverse roles of mammalian heme peroxidases and the breadth and incidence of pathologies associated with these enzymes, there has been significant interest in modulating peroxidase activity as a therapeutic strategy. This book highlights recent developments in our undeTable of ContentsSECTION 1: INTRODUCTION TO MAMMALIAN HEME PEROXIDASES Structure, function, phylogeny of heme peroxidases Biosynthesis of MPO and other heme peroxidases Peroxidasin structure and function SECTION 2: REACTIVITY OF PEROXIDASE OXIDANTS Reactivity of peroxidase oxidants with proteins and proteoglycans Reactivity of peroxidase with nucleic acids, RNA and DNA Reactivity of peroxidase oxidants with lipids – modification and signaling Role of MPO in the modification of lipoproteins (LDL and HDL) Regulation of cellular signaling and survival by peroxidase oxidants Global profiling of cell responses to peroxidase oxidants SECTION 3: PEROXIDASES IN INNATE IMMUNITY MPO and immune cell recruitment and activation Role of MPO in extracellular trap release by neutrophils Imaging HOCl production by neutrophils How microbes combat reactive chlorine species Priming the innate immune system to combat respiratory disease SECTION 4: PEROXIDASES IN PATHOLOGY Imaging the reactivity of MPO in vivo Role of MPO in vascular dysfunction and signaling MPO in ischemic heart disease Role of MPO in neurodegenerative disease Role of MPO in kidney disease Role of peroxidases in respiratory disease Role of peroxidasins in disease SECTION 5: PREVENTION OF MPO INDUCED DAMAGE Design and functionality of MPO inhibitors Modulation of disease using MPO inhibitors Novel peroxidase inhibitory protein “SPIN” with broad target specificity Selenium and resistance to oxidative enzyme inactivation

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Book SynopsisA 77-year-old man phones â999â after experiencing severe backache. The paramedics arrive to find him in severe pain, and cold and clammy. While at his house, they note that he smokes and also elicit a history of hypertension. He is tachycardic and hypotensive en route to hospital, and intravenous fluids are started. You have been assigned his initial assessment ...100 Cases in Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine presents 100 clinical scenarios commonly seen by medical students and junior doctors in the emergency department, outpatient clinic, operating theatre or in general practice. A succinct summary of the patient's history, examination and initial investigations is followed by questions on each case, with particular emphasis on the interpretation of the results and in which an understanding of the underlying clinical pathology is central to arriving at the correct diagnosis. The answer includes a detailed discussion on each topic, providing an essential revision aid as well as a practical guide for students and junior doctors, especially those preparing for undergraduate and postgraduate examinations. Making speedy and appropriate clinical decisions, and choosing the best course of action to take as a result, is one of the most important and challenging parts of training to become a doctor. Fully revised and updated for this second edition, these true-to-life cases will teach students and junior doctors to recognize important clinical conditions, to request the appropriate pathological investigation and correctly interpret those results, and, as a result, to develop their diagnostic and management skills.Table of ContentsSection 1- LABORATORY MEDICINECase 1 POLYURIA AND POLYDIPSIACase 2 TRACES OF BLOOD FOUND ON URINE DIPSTICKCase 3 CONFUSION, LETHARGY AND SHORTNESS OF BREATHCase 4 A CHILD WITH FACIAL SWELLINGCase 5 JOINT PAINS AND FATIGUECase 6 ANXIETY, IRRITABILITY AND REDUCED MENSTRUAL FREQUENCYCase 7 SCREENING FOR PROSTATE CANCER?Case 8 A YOUNG WOMAN FOUND UNCONSCIOUS IN BEDCase 9 A MIDDLE-AGED WOMAN WITH JAUNDICECase 10 DRUG OVERDOSECase 11 FATIGUE, WEAKNESS AND CONSTIPATIONCase 12 EXCESSIVE HAIR GROWTH AND INFERTILITYCase 13 FATIGUE AND IRREGULAR PERIODSCase 14 STIFF AND PAINFUL HANDSCase 15 ABDOMINAL PAIN, NAUSEA AND VOMITINGCase 16 FREQUENT THROAT AND CHEST INFECTIONSCase 17 A ROUTINE ‘HEALTH CHECK’ FOR A 55-YEAR-OLD MANCase 18 COLLAPSE IN A PATIENT UNDERGOING CHEMOTHERAPYCase 19 A 10-DAY-OLD BABY WITH AMBIGUOUS GENITALIACase 20 FATIGUE, WEAKNESS AND WEIGHT GAINCase 21 HYPERTENSION IN A YOUNG WOMANCase 22 NAUSEA, VOMITING, WEAKNESS AND PARAETHESIACase 23 ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION IN A YOUNG MANCase 24 A YOUNG MAN WITH ‘HIGH CHOLESTEROL’Case 25 RASH AFTER A BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTCase 26 A FALL ON AN OUTSTRETCHED HANDCase 27 A PATIENT IN FOLLOW-UP AFTER A LIVER TRANSPLANTCase 28 A MAN WITH POORLY CONTROLLED BLOOD PRESSURECase 39 DIZZINESS ON STANDING UPRIGHTCase 30 SUDDEN-ONSET CHEST PAIN IN A TALL WOMANCase 31 CONCERNS ABOUT THE RISK OF BREAST CANCERCase 32 SEIZURE IN A NEONATECase 33 FLU -LIKE ILLNESS AFTER FOREIGN TRAVELSection 2- HISTOPATHOLOGY Case 34 A YOUNG WOMAN WITH ANKLE SWELLING AND SHORTNESS OF BREATHCase 35 CHEST PAIN AND SUDDEN DEATHCase 36 AN ELDERLY MAN WITH SEVERE BACK PAINCase 37 INCREASED BREATHLESSNESS AND SUDDEN DEATHCase 38 A WORSENING COUGH AND HAEMOPTYSISCase 39 A YOUNG MAN WITH SHORTNESS OF BREATH AND HAEMOPTYSISCase 40 SUDDEN ONSET WEAKNESS AND DYSPHASIACase 41 NUMBNESS, WEAKNESS AND CLUMSINESSCase 42 FORGETFULNESS AND DISORIENTATIONCase 43 COFFEE-GROUND VOMITINGCase 44 EPISODIC RIGHT UPPER QUADRANT ABDOMINAL PAINCase 45 CHRONIC DIARRHOEA AND FLATULENCECase 46 A YOUNG MAN WITH BLOODY DIARRHOEA Case 47 ABDOMINAL DISCOMFORT AND GENERALISED WEAKNESSCase 48 ABDOMINAL PAIN IN A PUBLICANCase 49 ABDOMINAL DISTENSION, LOSS OF APPETITE AND MALAISECase 50 BACK PAIN AND FEVER IN A DIABETICCase 51 URINARY PROBLEMS IN AN ELDERLY MANCase 52 A YOUNG MAN WITH A TESTICULAR LUMPCase 53 HEAVY AND PAINFUL MENSTRUAL BLEEDINGCase 54 ABNORXMAL VAGINAL BLEEDINGCase 55 A LUMP IN THE BREASTCase 56 LYMPH NODE ENLARGEMENT IN A YOUNG MANCase 57 AN ITCHY, BLEEDING MOLE ON THE BACKCase 58 BLOOD IN THE URINE IN AN ELDERLY MANCase 59 THYROID DISEASE IN A YOUNG WOMANSection 3 – HAEMATOLOGYCase 60 SHORTNESS OF BREATH AND HEARTBURNCase 61 RAISED WHITE CELL COUNT IN AN ASYMPTOMATIC INDIVIDUALCase 62 WORSENING FATIGUE AND BLEEDING GUMSCase 63 BURNING URINE AND AN ABNORMAL CLOTTING SCREENCase 64 HEADACHES, BLURRED VISION AND ITCHINGCase 65 A PAINFUL ARM AND A LARGE SPLEENCase 66 A RASH ON THE THIGHSCase 67 FATIGUE AND WEIGHT LOSSCase 68 PNEUMONIA WITH ABNORMAL LIVER FUNCTIONCase 69 RECURRENT EPISTAXISCase 70 BRUISING AFTER A PNEUMONIACase 71 HEADACHE AND A RASHCase 72 SHORTNESS OF BREATH AND WEIGHT LOSSCase 73 ANAEMIA RESISTANT TO A BLOOD TRANSFUSIONCase 74 ASYMPTOMATIC ANAEMIA IN THE ELDERLYCase 75 BACK PAIN AND FATIGUECase 76 SHORT OF BREATH AND UNDERWEIGHTCase 77 DETERIORATION AFTER A BLOOD TRANSFUSIONCase 78 HEADACHE AND BLURRED VISIONCase 79 LOWER BACK PAINSection 4 – MICROBIOLOGYCase 80 LEG PAIN AND FEVERSCase 81 FEVER AND COLLAPSECase 82 BURNING SENSATION WHEN PASSING URINECase 83 A BIT SHORT OF BREATHCase 84 UNHAPPY CAMPERCase 85 DIARRHOEA IN AN ELDERLY MANCase 86 A PAINFUL KNEECase 87 A PAIN IN THE EARCase 88 A RED EYECase 89 CHILD WITH A RASHCase 90 PELVIC PAINCase 91 A PAINFUL SWOLLEN JAWCase 92 TRAVELLER’S DIARRHOEACase 93 FEVER IN A RETURNING TRAVELLERCase 94 A SPOT OF CONFUSIONCase 95 CONGENITAL INFECTIONCase 96 A CHRONIC COUGHCase 97 A JAUNDICED VIEWCase 98 GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERAEMIACase 99 A GROIN SWELLINGCase 100 URETHRAL DISCHARGE

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Book SynopsisRelational Care focuses on how people working in and around healthcare can improve the delivery of whole person care. This text integrates Systems Theory and a range of communication tools to support readers in working collaboratively and developing individualized road maps for difficult conversations.Focusing on the relationships between patient, family, and clinician, known as the Relational System, the authors explore how effective communication in healthcare can improve the well-being of all. Beginning with theoretical chapters, the Personal System is described as body, mind, and spirit. Using both Systems encourages readers to see the whole person as they practice. The book incorporates how relational practice improves care in topics such as grief, end-of-life care, stress, and burnout, giving bad news and resolving conflict. Each chapter includes case studies, reflective questions, and prompts for critical thinking to help the reader embed their learning.This praTable of ContentsPart I: Opening Our Eyes, 1. Introduction, 2. Defining the Problem, Part II: Elements of the Whole, 3. Body, 4. Mind, 5. Spirit, 6. Relational System, Part III: Barriers and Baggage, 7. Dying and Death, 8. Grief, 9. Cautionary Issues, 10. Stress, Compassion Fatigue and Burnout, Part IV: Creating Solutions, 11. Telling Bad News, 12. Bridging the Gap, 13. Taking Care of the Caregiver

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Highlighting the experiences of midwives who provide care to women opting outside of guidelines in the pursuit of physiological birth, Claire Feeley looks at the impact on midwives themselves, and explores how teams and organisations can support or discourage the promotion of women’s birth choices.

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Book SynopsisThe uniqueness of this textbook lies in the fact that, it is the FIRST book in the field of allergy addressing in detail the various diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. The rationale behind presenting this book is to appraise the reader regarding the underlying principles of such procedures and to identify the limitations as well as usefulness in clinical practice. The chapters do include both traditional and modern methodologies representing the global nature of the specialty. Authors have been drawn across the globe to represent the variety of such procedures used in clinical medicine. This textbook will be appealing to medical students, physicians-in-training as well as consultants.

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Book SynopsisThe second edition of this bestseller provides a practical, user-friendly manual guiding the theory and practice of cardiac electrophysiology. The handbook provides the specialist in training with a thorough grounding procedures, and clinical findings for clinicians. It provides a review of the main kinds of arrhythmia with illustrations of typical ECG findings supported where appropriate by correlative imaging. It also details the principal diagnostic and therapeutic procedures include implantation of pacemakers, resynchronization therapy, and ablation techniques. Key Features Provides concise, user friendly guide to the equipment, procedures and clinical findings with which EPs need to be familiar Delivers alternatives resource to the flagship titles available in this field - idea for those beginning training or seeking an update Presents extensively updated material to enhance comprehension Trade ReviewThis expanded second edition of a comprehensive overview of the complex subject of electrophysiology focusing on the intricate clinical aspects of diagnosis and treatment. It addresses the updated aspects of pacemaker and ICD technology as well as the advances in ablation therapy. The objectives laid out by the editors are adequately met and the use of detailed graphics, ECGs, charts, and graphs provides excellent visual aids to guide physicians in understanding the objectives. It builds a framework for the understanding of complex concepts by starting with the diagnosis of specific arrhythmias and incrementally adding more complexity to the treatment. The use of numerous ECG examples with arrows and detailed explanations helps to conceptualize sophisticated electrophysiology. The use of other figures, charts, and graphics significantly helps readers solidify their understanding of the text. This book is a valuable resource for cardiology fellows in training interested in electrophysiology, electrophysiology fellows, and electrophysiologists. The quality of ECGs and the content of the book is excellent. Matthew Alan Colna, MD(East Tennessee State University Quillen College of Medicine) Table of ContentsBASIC EP LABORATORY SETUP AND EQUIPMENT. Device Lab Set-Up. Organization of The Arrhythmia Lab. Holter and Event Monitor Laboratory Setup. BRADYARRHYTHMIA. Bradycardia. Indications For Permanent Pacing and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIA. Atrial Flutter. Atrial Fibrillation. VENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIA. Genetically Determined Ventricular Arrhythmias. Idiopathic Ventricular Tachycardia. SYNCOPE. Syncope Events, Definitions, Causes, and Features. Syncope Management Facilities. Syncope Management and Diagnostic Testing. DEVICE PROCEDURES. Implantation of Pacemakers and ICDs. Left Ventricular Lead Implantation For Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. Extraction of Devices. PERFORMING BASIC EP STUDIES. Venous and Arterial Access, EP Catheters, Positioning of Catheters. Basic Intracardiac Intervals. Basics of Electrophysiology Study. Head-Up Tilt (HUT) Table Testing. CATHETER ABLATION TECHNIQUES. Ablation of SVT (AVNRT and AVRT). Management and Ablation of Atrial Flutter. Radiofrequency Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. Ventricular Arrhythmias in the Structurally Normal Heart. Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Fibrillation and Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia. Mapping and Catheter Ablation of Postmyocardial Infarction Ventricular Tachycardia (VT): A Substrate-Based Approach. Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy And Ventricular Arrhythmias. Ultrasound in the Electrophysiology Lab. Left Atrial Appendage Closure. ECG Features of Normal Heart PVCs. Epicardial Access and Indications. ECG-Based Origin of Atrial Flutter.

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Book SynopsisThe field of medical humanities is growing rapidly and offers many valuable insights for medical education generally and for enhancing and improving communication specifically. Through practical and thought-provoking examples, this innovative new text demonstrates how engaging with the arts and humanities can benefit the work of doctors and make them better, more effective practitioners with a focus on achieving this through better communication and by stimulating self-reflection.Key features: Utilises modern and familiar examples, including case studies, to illustrate and explore language and communication skill deployment in a variety of given scenarios Reflects the increasing use of online consultation and the associated importance of ensuring effective communication in virtual settings Describes several models for reflective practice Supported by a selection of eResources to enhance reader experience and understanding; visit www.rTable of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 1a. Establishing Rapport - People are Social Animals 1b. When Rapport Breaks Down 1c. The Role of the Humanities within Professional Distancing 1d. Models of Communication 1e. Modes of Communication Chapter 2: A Definition of the Humanities 2a. The Two Hemispheres 2b. C.P. Snow - The Great Divide 2c. What Can the Humanities do for Science? 2d. Cool Story, Poe - Theory of Mind 2e. The Notes Between the Notes Between the Notes: Talking to Eds Chesters 2f. Issues of Accessibility Chapter 3: The Role of the Humanities in Medicine Through Time 3a. Frankenstein: or the Modern Prometheus (Frankenstein) 3b. Typhoid Fever: There’s Something About Mary Mallon 3c. The AIDS Crisis: ‘Art Lives on Forever’ 3d. Write Your Own Narrative Journey Chapter 4: Medical Ethics 4a. The Ethics of Persuasion 4b. Fake News - When Storytelling Cancels Science 4c. The Telephone Game: When Storytelling Goes Wrong 4d. The Tabloid Press 4e. Children in the Media Chapter 5: Case Scenarios 1 5a. Case Scenario 1a: Azzura (Aggie) Romano 5b. Case Scenario 1b: Oscar James Thompson 5c. Case Scenario 1c: Arnold Gaylor 5d. Case Scenario 1d: Nihal Anand 5e. Case Scenario 1e: Abby Sable-Adamson Chapter 6: The Art of Communication in Practice 6a. Gillian Lynne - ‘Wriggle Bottom’ Chapter 7: Case Scenarios 2 7a. Case Scenario 2a - Dermatology 7b. Case Scenario 2b – DNACPR 7c. Case Scenario 2c – ‘Wild Goose Chase’ 7d. Case Scenario 2d – Neurosurgery Chapter 8: The Art of Reflection 8a. Jean-Dominique Bauby - The Case of Patient A Chapter 9: Reflective Models 9a. Rolfe et al.’s Three-stage Model of Reflective Practice (2001) 9b. Kolb’s Reflective Model of Experiential Learning (1984) 9c. Gibbs Reflective Cycle (1988) Chapter 10: Conclusion Appendix 1 – Structured Reflective Templates 11a. Template 1 – Rolfe et al.’s Three-Stage Model of Reflective Practice (Rolfe et al, 2001) 11b. Template 2 –Kolb’s Reflective Model of Experiential Learning (1984) 11c. Template 3 –Gibbs Reflective Cycle (1988) Index

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Book SynopsisHealthcare simulation is the modern way to educate healthcare providers to achieve high performance and to improve patient safety. It encompasses mannikin based training for teamwork and nontechnical skills, task trainers for procedural skills, simulated participants for communication skills, and virtual/augmented reality simulation. Based on an award-winning postgraduate course, this text provides the background knowledge required to: run a healthcare simulation centre; use simulation for training and education; and support simulation-based quality improvement and research activities.*Presents a focused and highly practical approach to course material *Offers a detailed guide for anyone who uses healthcare simulation for education, quality improvement, or research *Shows a practical focus for teaching, quality improvement, and researchTable of ContentsIntroduction, History, and Key Concepts. Learning Theories. Instructional Design. Scenario Writing. Physical Safety in Simulation. Psychological Safety and Prebriefing. Debriefing. Assessment. Running a Simulation Facility. Using Simulation for Research. The Use of Simulation for Quality Improvement. Team Scenario Development Template. Standardised Participant Case Development Template. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis well-respected core text provides a comprehensive solid foundation for students of nursing and practitioners who care for and or support people with learning/intellectual disabilities in a range of health and social care settings and scenarios. This book addresses learning/intellectual disability nursing from various perspectives, including historical and contemporary practice, health promotion, interventions for good mental health, people with profound disabilities and complex needs, care across the lifespan, and forensics. This new edition has been comprehensively updated throughout and now includes two entirely new chapters. One covers liaison nursing, and the other explores the future for learning/intellectual disability nursing. The book includes numerous case studies and learning activities to support the reader, as well as remaining clinically relevant. Uniquely this text is linked and benchmarked to the Nursing and Midwifery Councils, UK Future Nurse Standards oTable of Contents1.The nature of intellectual disabilities and its relationship to intellectual disability nursing. 2.History and modern-day practice of intellectual disability nursing. 3.Intellectual disability nursing throughout the lifespan. 4.Role of the intellectual disability nurse in promoting health and well-being. 5.Intellectual disability nursing and mental health. 6.Intellectual disability nursing for people with profound intellectual disabilities and complex needs. 7.Intellectual disability nursing in forensic settings. 8.Challenging and distressed behaviour in people with intellectual disabilities: The role of intellectual disability nursing. 9.Community intellectual disability nursing. 10.Intellectual disabilities liaison nursing. 11.Current and future roles of intellectual disability nurses. Appendix A: Nursing and Midwifery Council (2018) Standards of proficiency for registered nurses. Appendix B: Nursing and Midwifery Board of Ireland (2016) Competencies for entry to the register of nurses.

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Book SynopsisThe field of asthma has expanded in the last decade with specific drugs targeting the disease mechanisms. This book is an updated treatise covering diagnoses, phenotypes and endotypes of asthma along with its management. It includes diagnostic work-up which is required prior to medical assistance and basic immunology assessment, illustrating the types, severity, number of exacerbations due to disease activity, allergy or infections. As the treatment selection has changed from one size fits all to precision-based medicine, it aims to refine asthma management with right medication usage, neither overuse nor underuse, and initiation of the new hospital administered biologic drugs.Key Features Covers both respiratory physiology and airway inflammation Highlights the use of biologic drugs Discusses precision-based medicine Explores the comorbidities through clinical casesTrade Review'This book is a short yet comprehensive guide describing various types of asthma and how the treatment of this condition has changed over the years. The subjects are presented in an organized fashion and are easy to follow. Thisbook is a valuable resource for those who are interested in reviewing a short topic on asthma treatment.' - Massoud Mahmoudi, DO, PhD, University of California San Francisco, Doody EnterprisesTable of Contents1. Introduction2. Pulmonary – Treatable traits3. Extrapulmonary – Treatable traits4. Risk factors – Treatable traits5. Diagnostic tests in respiratory medicine6. Key Cases – Treatable traits7. Evaluation of the asthmas8. Organising an asthma clinic9. The future of the asthmas10. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisAn essential handbook that covers the radiological findings of all the common surgical conditions. Candidates preparing for the MRCS or FRCS (in General Surgery) exams will find this indispensable guide will prepare them for a wide range of questions, including rare and obscure examples that are not found elsewhere. Radiological findings are presented according to systems such as colorectal, upper GI and HPB, urology, emergency surgery and others. Each chapter describes the use of radiological modalities in different clinical scenarios and includes figures illustrating the defining characteristics of common clinical scenarios.The clear and illustrated content provides the knowledge required to answer what would otherwise be some of the most difficult questions in postgraduate surgical examinations. It is also a practical reference book that can be kept at hand to inform ward rounds and multidisciplinary team meetings. MRCS and FRCS exam candidates are expected to have Table of ContentsChapter 1: Radiological Modalities Chapter 2: Emergency Surgery Chapter 3: Upper Gastrointestinal And Hepatobiliary Surgery Chapter 4: Colorectal Surgery Chapter 5: Breast Surgery Chapter 6: Vascular Surgery Chapter 7: Paediatric Surgery Chapter 8: Urology Chapter 9: Trauma And Orthopaedics Chapter 10: Neurosurgery, Ent And Endocrine Surgery

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Book SynopsisThis practical guide equips midwives with the skills and knowledge necessary to support pregnant women living with obesity, from communicating meaningfully about weight through to providing evidence-based information about optimising health and making changes.Beginning with an overview of what living with obesity means for women, this book supports midwives to develop consultation skills and structure their encounters with women for maximum effect. It presents up-to-date, evidence-based information about the impact of obesity on pregnant women and their unborn babies from conception to birth and beyond. Chapters on changing health behaviours, nutrition and physical activity explore how to mitigate these risks and optimise health.Including reflective questions and case studies, this book is designed for practising and student midwives looking to develop their personalised care and communication skills.

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Book SynopsisThis title covers computer vision and machine learning (ML) advances that facilitate automation in diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventative healthcare. The book shows the development of algorithms and architectures for healthcare. Table of Contents1. Human–AI Relationship in Healthcare. 2. Deep Learning in Medical Image Analysis: Recent Models and Explainability. 3. An Overview of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Explainable Artificial Intelligence in fNIRS. 4. An Explainable Method for Image Registration with Applications in Medical Imaging. 5. State-of-the-Art Deep Learning Method and Its Explainability for Computerized Tomography Image Segmentation. 6. Interpretability of Segmentation and Overall Survival for Brain Tumors. 7. Identification of MR Image Biomarkers in Brain Tumor Patients Using Machine Learning and Radiomics Features. 8. Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Breast Cancer Identification. 9. Interpretability of Self-Supervised Learning for Breast Cancer Image Analysis. 10. Predictive Analytics in Hospital Readmission for Diabetes Risk Patients. 11. Continuous Blood Glucose Monitoring Using Explainable AI Techniques. 12. Decision Support System for Facial Emotion-Based Progression Detection of Parkinson’s Patients. 13. Interpretable Machine Learning in Athletics for Injury Risk Prediction. 14. Federated Learning and Explainable AI in Healthcare.

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Book SynopsisThis volume in the popular series, Drugs and the Pharmaceutical Sciences, begins with the history of cancer treatment, carcinogens, and molecular mechanisms involved in cancer pathogenesis. It incudes conventional and advanced cancer therapies ranging from oral and parenteral preparations to advanced fabricated systems such as nanoparticles, liposomes, antibodies, aptamers, poly(amidoamine) and photodynamic therapies. The preparation and mechanisms of molecular targeting of cancer are presented and the authors focus on a diverse audience including undergraduates and research students.Features Timely coverage of changes in process control technology for the phamaceutical industry, a dynamic area in terms of products and manufacturing processes Provides an update on the unique requirements of these industries and how they differ from others, for example the microelectronics or specialized chemicals industries Draws on the author''s vaTable of Contents History of Cancer Therapies Cancer and Carcinogens Causes of Death from Cancer Passive Targeting Cancer Active Targeting Strategies Conventional Cancer Therapies Oral Anticancer Therapies Parenteral Anticancer Therapies Advanced Cancer Therapies The Advent of Micro and Nano-spheres for Cancer Treatment The Emergence of Liposomes in Cancer Therapy Niosomes-Based Anticancer Therapies Solid Lipid Nanoparticles-Based Anticancer Therapies Mesoporous Nanoparticles-Based Anticancer Therapies Antibody-Based Cancer Therapies Aptamer-Based Anticancer Therapies Polyamidoamines-Based Anticancer Therapies Photodynamic Therapies for Cancer Treatment

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Book SynopsisThis up-to-date study guide for the Final FRCA CRQ comprises questions based on every topic examined in the Royal College of Anaesthetists'' (RCoA) Final written exam from the past 12 years. It therefore covers the areas of the syllabus that are key to exam success, offering factual learning and the opportunity to practise CRQ-style questions, with chapters that reflect the RCoA syllabus format to help organise learning.The inclusion of diagrams and additional commentary ensure that that this book will help candidates to learn rather than just providing a list of suggested model answers. Advice is offered about revision approaches, best sources of learning for the examination and guidance on structuring answers, which will support exam success in all parts of the Final FRCA. This resource will save hours of work for anaesthetists preparing for the Final FRCA.Table of Contents1. Anaesthesia for neurosurgery, neuroradiology and neurocritical care. 2. Cardiothoracic anaesthesia and cardiothoracic critical care. 3. Airway management. 4. Critical incidents. 5. Day surgery. 6. General, urological, and gynaecological surgery. 7. Head, neck, maxillofacial and dental surgery. 8. Management of respiratory and cardiac arrest. 9. Non-theatre. 10. Orthopaedic surgery. 11. Perioperative medicine. 12. Regional anaesthesia. 13. Sedation. 14. Trauma and stabilisation. 15. Intensive care medicine. 16. Obstetrics. 17. Paediatrics. 18. Pain medicine. 19. Ophthalmic. 20. Plastics and burns. 21. Vascular surgery. 22. Anatomy. 23. Applied clinical pharmacology. 24. Applied physiology and biochemistry. 25. Nutrition. 26. Physics and clinical measurement. 27. Statistical basis for trial management.

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Preterm birth is a significant cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, with a devastating impact on families. This essential guide introduces the knowledge that midwives require for practice, drawing together the most up-to-date research and identifying care pathways.Preterm Birth: A Handbook for Midwives presents the latest evidence, discussing the causes and consequences of preterm birth. It describes what preterm birth is, explores the risk factors and causes, explains monitoring methods and presents interventions for reducing the risk of preterm birth itself as well as interventions for managing its consequences. Womenâs voices are heard throughout as they describe their experiences in their own words, and each substantive chapter includes recommendations for practice.Compact and accessible, this practical guide is an indispensable handbook, enabling students and qualified midwives to care confidently for women at risk of preterm birth.

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Book SynopsisIn this fully revised third edition of Isokinetics: Muscle Testing, Interpretation and Clinical Applications, a group of international experts cover the main developments that have taken place in the field of isokinetics in the last 20 years. Isokinetic dynamometry is well recognized as the standard in assessing muscular strength status and particularly its variation following intervention. Key features of this Third Edition;â New chapter on multiple joint isokinetic testingâ New chapter on isokinetic reconditioning in the clinical settingâ New chapter on isokinetics in neurological disordersâ New chapter on isokinetics in neuromuscular diseases â New chapter on isokinetic testing and training in the elderlyâ New chapter on isokinetic testing in childrenIsokinetics Third Edition provides a wealth of essential information for those especially concerned with the assessment of muscle function due to disease or injury and it

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Book SynopsisFully updated for its fourth edition, The Biological Basis of Clinical Observations provides readers with the understanding needed to perform clinical observations, make accurate judgements about the patient's condition and make good decisions concerning patient care. This essential textbook supports safe and effective clinical practice by explaining the techniques involved in making clinical observations, alongside the biological knowledge which gives them meaning. For each topic, it explains the pathological basis for variations in observed results, focusing on relevant anatomy and physiology, genetics and pharmacology, and the basic principles of care. A greatly expanded chapter on pharmacology reflects the increased importance of this subject in the nursing curriculum. Topics discussed include: temperature cardiovascular observations respiratory observations urinary and bowel observations <Table of Contents1.Temperature. 2.Cardiovascular observations (I): Pulse and ECG. 3.Cardiovascular observations (II): Blood pressure. 4.Cardiovascular observations (III): Blood tests. 5.Respiratory Observations. 6.Fluid and electrolyte balance. 7.Nutrition. 8.Elimination (I): Urinary observations. 9.Elimination (II): Digestive observations. 10.Skin. 11.Neurological observations (I) Consciousness. 12.Neurological observations (II) Pain. 13.Neurological observations (III) Eyes. 14.Neurological observations (IV) Movement. 15.Pharmacology and drug side effects, interactions and allergies. 16.Physiological changes occurring in pregnancy.

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Book SynopsisIncluding over 500 multiple choice questions covering a wide range of vascular disorders to test the skills of all vascular specialists. Suitable for postgraduate trainee vascular medicine internists, interventional radiologists, vascular surgeons, and endovascular therapists as they prepare for exams or ensure that they remain up to date.Divided into 21 subject specific-sections and meticulously written and researched, the questions and their accompanying rationales are enhanced by explanatory illustrations and supported by key references. Students and experienced clinicians will be prepared for both testing and teaching in all aspects of clinical practice.Advances in the treatment of vascular disease have played a significant role in rising life expectancy over the past 70 years, resulting in lower morbidity, mortality, and quicker recoveries. However, there remains an urgent challenge in controlling risk factors such as obesity, sedentary lifestyles, and tobacco abuTable of ContentsPreface, Author Bio, Acknowledgements, Section 1 Anatomy, Physiology, and Hemodynamics, Section 2 Vascular Laboratory, Section 3 Radiation Safety, Section 4 Vascular Medicine, Section 5 Cerebrovascular Disease, Section 6 Vascular Surgical Critical Care, Section 7 Thoracic Outlet Syndrome, Section 8 Aorto-iliac Disease, Section 9 Lower Extremity Arterial Disease, Section 10 Renal and Mesenteric Disease, Section 11 Upper Extremity Arterial Disease, Section 12 Vascular Trauma, Section 13 Venous Disease, Section 14 Lymphology, Section 15 Dialysis Access, Section 16 Amputations, Section 17 Endovascular Retrieval of Foreign Bodies, Section 18 Graft Infections, Section 19 Vascular Closure Device, Section 20 Rare Vascular Entities, Section 21 Biostatistics

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Book SynopsisAuthored by experienced medical professionals, this essential book equips readers with the skills and knowledge needed to excel in the field of medical diagnosis. It is an extensive collection of Extended Matching Questions (EMQs) covering a wide range of topics in general medicine. Each question is accompanied by detailed explanations to provide comprehensive insights. By engaging with these realistic scenarios, readers will develop a deeper understanding of medical conditions, their presentations, and the appropriate diagnostic approaches. The book goes beyond memorization, fostering analytical skills and honing the ability to identify key diagnostic clues within the questions themselves.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Gastroenterology Theme: Bowel conditions 1 Theme: Bowel conditions 2 Theme: Bowel conditions 3 Theme: Esophageal disorders 1 Theme: Esophageal disorders 2 Theme: Gastric disorders 1 Theme: Gastric disorders 2 Theme: Gastrointestinal conditions (Paediatric) 1 Theme: Gastrointestinal conditions (Paediatric) 2 Theme: Gastrointestinal imaging 1 Theme: Gastrointestinal imaging 2 Theme: Gastrointestinal imaging 3 Theme: Hepatobiliary disease 1 Theme: Hepatobiliary disease 2 Theme: Hepatobiliary disease 3 Theme: Lumps and Hernias 1 Theme: Lumps and Hernias 2 Theme: Perianal conditions 1 Theme: Perianal conditions 2 Theme: Paediatric jaundice 1 Theme: Paediatric jaundice 2 Answers Chapter 2: Dermatology Theme: Childhood infections 1 Theme: Childhood infections 2 Theme: Skin reactions 1 Theme: Hair Theme: Nails 1 Theme: Nails 2 Theme: Nail signs of systemic illness Theme: Dermatitis 1 Theme: Dermatitis 2 Theme: Inflammatory disorders 1 Theme: Inflammatory disorders 2 Theme: Skin lesions 1 Theme: Skin lesions 2 Theme: Pigmentation disorders 1 Theme: Pigmentation disorders 2 Answers Chapter 3: Psychiatry Theme: Mood disorders 1 Theme: Mood disorders 2 Theme: Sleep disturbances 1 Theme: Sleep disturbances 2 Theme: Anxiety 1 Theme: Anxiety 2 Theme: Behavioural conditions 1 Theme: Behavioural conditions 2 Theme: Memory 1 Theme: Memory 2 Theme: Paraphilic conditions 1 Theme: Paraphilic conditions 2 Theme: Personality disorders 1 Theme: Personality disorders 2 Theme: Substance related and Addictive disorders 1 Theme: Substance related and Addictive disorders 2 Theme: Eating disorders 1 Theme: Eating disorders 2 Answers Chapter 4: Neurology Theme: Cranial nerve pathology Theme: Dizziness Theme: Epilepsy 1 Theme: Epilepsy 2 Theme: Facial pain Theme: Headache 1 Theme: Headache 2 Theme: Hearing loss 1 Theme: Hearing loss 2 Theme: Movement disorders 1 Theme: Movement disorders 2 Theme: Neuromuscular disorders 1 Theme: Neuromuscular disorders 2 Theme: Vision loss 1 Theme: Vision loss 2 Answers Chapter 5: Women’s and Sexual health Theme: Amenorrhoea 1 Theme: Amenorrhoea 2 Theme: Breast pathology 1 Theme: Breast pathology 2 Theme: Breast pathology 3 Theme: Menstrual irregularities 1 Theme: Menstrual irregularities 2 Theme: Male Infertility 1 Theme: Male Infertility 2 Theme: Complications of pregnancy 1 Theme: Complications of pregnancy 2 Theme: Vulvovaginal pathology 1 Theme: Vulvovaginal pathology 2 Theme: Female infertility 1 Theme: Female infertility 2 Theme: Obstetric complications 1 Theme: Obstetric complications 2 Theme: Dysmenorrhoea Theme: Sexually Transmitted Infection 1 Theme: Sexually Transmitted Infection 2 Theme: Genetic disorders 1 Theme: Genetic disorders 1 Theme: Pelvic-Abdominal pain 1 Theme: Pelvic-Abdominal pain 2 Answers Chapter 6: Urology Theme: Penis disorders Theme: Testicular and scrotal conditions 1 Theme: Testicular and scrotal conditions 2 Theme: Testicular and scrotal conditions 3 Theme: Urology 1 Theme: Urology 2 Answers Chapter 7: Musculoskeletal Theme: Ankle and shin 1 Theme: Ankle and shin 2 Theme: Back pain 1 Theme: Back pain 2 Theme: Elbow and Forearm 1 Theme: Elbow and Forearm 2 Theme: Foot pain 1 Theme: Foot pain 2 Theme: Foot pain 3 Theme: Hand and Wrist 1 Theme: Hand and Wrist 2 Theme: Hip pain 1 Theme: Hip pain 2 Theme: Knee pain 1 Theme: Knee pain 2 Theme: Neck and Shoulder pain 1 Theme: Neck and Shoulder pain 2 Answers Chapter 8: Cardiology Theme: Chest pain 1 Theme: Chest pain 2 Theme: Cardiac vessels Theme: Collapse 1 Theme: Collapse 2 Theme: Arrhythmias 1 Theme: Arrhythmias 2 Theme: Hypertension 1 Theme: Hypertension 2 Theme: Murmurs 1 Theme: Murmurs 2 Theme: CHA2DS2-VASc Scoring Theme: Hypertension grading Theme: Heart failure grading Theme: Cardiac structure 1 Theme: Cardiac structure 2 Answers Chapter 9: Respiratory Theme: Arterial blood gas interpretation 1 Theme: Arterial blood gas interpretation 2 Theme: ENT 1 Theme: ENT 2 Theme: Paediatric Respiratory 1 Theme: Paediatric Respiratory 2 Theme: Paediatric Respiratory 2 Theme: Respiratory conditions 1 Theme: Respiratory conditions 2 Theme: Respiratory conditions 3 Theme: Respiratory conditions 4 Theme: Pneumothorax Theme: Occupational respiratory conditions 1 Theme: Occupational respiratory conditions 2 Theme: Lung cancer Theme: Chest imaging findings 1 Theme: Chest imaging findings 2 Theme: Chest imaging findings 3 Theme: Respiratory microbiology 1 Theme: Respiratory microbiology 2 Answers

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Book SynopsisThe use of ultrasound to help clinicians specializing in the treatment of chronic pain has expanded greatly over recent years; this illustrated text from a team of experts gives both the experienced practitioner and the trainee a state-of-the-art course in safe and effective techniques. Summarizing the essential information concisely, each chapter presents a practical and visual summary of the nerve blocks indicated as an indispensable atlas resource for a pain management clinic.

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Book SynopsisFrom the proper function of the major organs and the role that proper nutrition plays in their functioning, to a breakdown of carbs, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, this title provides you with the easy-to-read guide you need to immerse yourself in the subject.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 Part I: Getting Started with Clinical Nutrition 5 Chapter 1: Getting Clinical about Nutrition 7 Chapter 2: Nutrition 101 21 Chapter 3: Determining Whether You’re Eating Correctly 35 Chapter 4: The Grim Reality of Worldwide Wellness 51 Part II: You Are What You Eat 67 Chapter 5: Observing Obesity 69 Chapter 6: Concerning Yourself and Cancer 89 Chapter 7: Cracking the Cardiovascular Case 109 Chapter 8: Discussing Diabetes 127 Chapter 9: Caring about Kidney Disease 141 Chapter 10: All about Food Safety 153 Part III: Major Organ Systesms and Nutrition 171 Chapter 11: Gaining Insight on the Gastrointestinal System 173 Chapter 12: Caring for the Cardiovascular System 191 Chapter 13: Exploring the Endocrine System 205 Chapter 14: The Ins and Outs of the Excretory System 219 Part IV: Nutrition through the Lifespan 231 Chapter 15: Having a Baby? Pre- and Post-Natal Nutrition 233 Chapter 16: Caring for Kids, from Infancy through the Teen Years 249 Chapter 17: Making Sense of Middle Age 271 Chapter 18: Retiring into the Golden Years 281 Part V: Theoretical Foundations of Health Behavior 299 Chapter 19: Modifying Health Behaviors 301 Chapter 20: Communicating Health Information 321 Part VI: The Part of Tens 335 Chapter 21: Ten of the Greatest Superfoods 337 Chapter 22: Ten Things to Know about Eating Disorders 341 Chapter 23: Ten International Resources You Don’t Want to Miss 347 Index 351

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Book SynopsisThe field''s bestselling reference, updated with the latest tools, data, techniques, and the latest recommendations from the Second Panel on Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Health is a practical introduction to the tools, methods, and procedures used worldwide to perform cost-effective research. Covering every aspect of a complete cost-effectiveness analysis, this book shows you how to find which data you need, where to find it, how to analyze it, and how to prepare a high-quality report for publication. Designed for the classroom or the individual learner, the material is presented in simple and accessible language for those who lack a biostatistics or epidemiology background, and each chapter includes real-world examples and tips and tricks that highlight key information. Exercises throughout allow you to test your understanding with practical application, and the companion website features downloadable data sets for students,Table of ContentsList of Tables, Figures, and Exhibits xi Preface xxi Acknowledgments xxv About the Author xxvii Chapter 1 Introduction to Cost-Effectiveness 1 Learning Objectives 1 Overview 1 Why Cost-Effectiveness Is Useful 2 Elements of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis 4 The Average and Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio 9 Why Conduct Cost-Effectiveness Analysis? 11 The Reference Case Analysis 14 Cost-Effectiveness Analysis and Policy 17 Summary 24 Further Readings 24 References 25 Chapter 2 Principles of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis 29 Learning Objectives 29 Overview 29 The Perspective of a Cost-Effectiveness Analysis 29 Capturing Costs 33 Capturing Quality 35 Interpreting the Cost-Effectiveness Ratio 39 Types of Economic Analysis 43 Summary 48 Further Readings 49 References 49 Chapter 3 Developing a Research Project 53 Learning Objectives 53 Overview 53 Eight Steps to a Perfect Research Project 53 Developing a Research Question 55 Designing Your Analysis 64 Summary 70 Further Readings 70 References 70 Chapter 4 Working with Costs 73 Learning Objectives 73 Overview 73 Opportunity Costs 74 Identifying Costs 77 Micro-Costing and Gross Costing 80 Getting Cost Data 82 Using Diagnosis Codes 84 Adjusting Costs 86 Costs Associated with Pain and Suffering 95 Assessing the ‘‘Relevancy’’ of Cost Data 97 Other Cost Considerations 98 Summary 102 Further Readings 103 References103 Chapter 5 Probabilities and Decision Analysis Models 105 Learning Objectives 105 Overview 105 The Idea Behind Decision Analysis 105 Probabilities 109 Decision Analysis Models 114 Summary 131 Further Reading 132 References 132 Chapter 6 Calculating Life Expectancy 135 Learning Objectives 135 Overview 135 Hand-Calculating Years Gained 135 Calculating Life-Years Lost Using Markov Models 140 Summary 150 Further Readings 151 References 151 Chapter 7 Working with Health-Related Quality-of-Life Measures 153 Learning Objectives 153 Overview 153 Framework 154 Deriving HRQL Scores 158 Other Considerations and Reminders 168 Using Disability-Adjusted Life-Years 171 Summary 172 Further Readings 173 References 173 Chapter 8 Calculating QALYs 177 Learning Objectives 177 Overview 177 Using the Summation Method 178 Using the Life Table Method 180 More On Discounting 189 Issues with QALYs 191 Calculating Incremental Cost-Effectiveness 192 Disability-Adjusted Life-Year (DALY) 195 Summary 196 Further Readings 196 References 196 Chapter 9 Conducting a Sensitivity Analysis 199 Learning Objectives 199 Overview 199 Performing a Sensitivity Analysis 199 Sensitivity Analysis 201 One-Way Sensitivity Analysis 203 Two-Way Sensitivity Analysis 207 Tornado Diagram 208 Multiway Sensitivity Analysis 210 Summary 222 Further Readings 222 References 223 Chapter 10 Preparing Your Study for Publication 225 Learning Objectives 225 Overview 225 Content and Structure of Cost-Effectiveness Articles 225 Title and Abstract 230 Introduction 231 Methods 233 Results 235 Discussion 238 Other 238 Technical Appendix 239 Figures and Illustrations 240 Summary 240 Further Reading 241 References 241 Chapter 11 Basic Concepts in Epidemiology and Application to Cost-Effectiveness Analysis 243 Learning Objectives 243 Overview 243 Review of Incidence 244 Understanding Error 252 Managing Error in Cost-Effectiveness Analysis 255 Calculating Weighted Means 261 Evaluating Study Limitations 263 Summary 274 Further Readings 275 References 276 Chapter 12 Finding the Data You Need 279 Learning Objectives 279 Overview 279 Finding Data in the Medical Literature 279 Grading Published Data 281 Using Electronic Datasets 282 Data Extraction Tools 290 Using Unpublished Data 293 Using Expert Opinion 294 Organizing Your Data 295 Summary 295 Further Readings 296 References 296 Chapter 13 A Worked Example 299 Learning Objectives 299 Overview 299 Helping Students Learn 299 Laboratory Exercise One: Building a Markov Tree 300 Laboratory Exercise Two: Comparing Interventions 320 Laboratory Exercise Three: The Cost-Effectiveness of Health Insurance 333 Laboratory Exercise Four: Sensitivity Analysis 344 Summary 358 Appendix A Answer Key to Exercises 359 Appendix B Life Expectancy and Quality-Adjusted Life Expectancy Tables 375 Appendix C EQ-5D-5L Health Questionnaire (English Version for the United States) 379 Appendix D Diagnosis, Charges, Medicare Reimbursement, Average Length of Stay, and Cost-to-Charge Ratio by Diagnosis-Related Groups, 2011 383 Glossary 419 Index 431

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