Medical research Books

Book SynopsisClinical and preclinical exploration of gene and cellular immunotherapy have seen rapid growth and interest with the development and approval of five Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) products for lymphoma and myeloma and one Bispecific T-Cell Engager (BiTE) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). These advances have dramatically improved the management of patients with relapsed refractory lymphoma, myeloma and leukemia. Gene and Cellular Immunotherapy for Cancer offers readers a comprehensive review of current cellular and gene-based immunotherapies. Divided into eighteen cohesive chapters, this book provides an in-depth and detailed look into cellular-based immunotherapies including CAR-T, TCR-T, TIL, Viral CTLs, NK cells in addition to T/NK cell engagers, focusing on their historical perspectives, biology, development and manufacturing, toxicities and more. Edited by two leading experts on gene and cellular immunotherapy, the book will feature chapters written by a diverse collection of recognized and up-and-coming experts and researchers in the field, providing oncologists, immunologists, researchers and clinical and basic science trainees with a bench to bedside view of the latest developments in the field.Table of ContentsPart I: Overview1. The History of Cellular Therapies 2. Basics of Immunity Part II: CAR-T3. Biology of CAR-T 4. Cell Types Used for CAR-T Generation5. Combination Therapeutics with CAR-T Cell Therapy 6. Safety Switches Used for Cellular Therapies7. Off the Shelf CAR-T8. Manufacturing of CAR-T Cells: the Assembly Line9. Navigating Regulations in Gene and Cell Immunotherapy10. Bringing CAR-T to the Clinic11. CAR-T Cell Complications 12. Mechanisms of Resistance and Relapse after CAR-T Cell Therapy Part III: TIL13. Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TIL): From Bench to Bedside Part IV: TCR14. T-cell Receptor (TCR) Engineered Cells and Their Transition to Clinic Part V: Viral CTLs15. Viral Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTLs): from Bench to BedsidePart VI: NK Cell16. Biology of NK Cells and NK Cells in Clinic Part VII: T/NK cell engagers17. Biology and Clinical Evaluation of T/NK Cell Engagers Part VIII: Logistics 18. Roadmap for Starting an Outpatient Cellular Therapy Program

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Book SynopsisThis book, written by academics across a range of disciplines, including healthcare and social sciences discusses the increasing use of the arts in healthcare research, which often stems from the recognition that for some topics of investigation, or when dealing with sensitive issues, the usual qualitative or quantitative paradigms are not appropriate. While there is undoubtedly a place for such approaches, arts-based research paradigms (ABR) offers, not only additional study and data-collection tools, but also provides a new and enjoyable experience for those involved. The use of the arts as a medium to improve health and wellbeing was well documented by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2019, with over 3,000 studies conducted around the globe on the value of the arts in the prevention of ill health and promotion of health across the life span. This book examines how the arts, in a variety of forms, can be used by those working directly in healthcare settings as well as those involved in research across all health or patient settings. Covering a range of ABR genres, including literature (such as narrative and poetic inquiry); performance (music, dance, play building); visual arts (drawing and painting, collage, installation art, comics); and audio-visual and multimethod approaches, this user- friendly book will appeal to nurses, researchers in nursing and allied healthcare professions, as well professionals in the social sciences, psychosociology, psychology, literature and arts.Table of ContentsPreface Chapter 1. Introduction to the book, its purpose and the context to which it is writtenHinsliff-Smith, McGarry, AliThis chapter will lay the foundation for the flow of the book including how it is intended to be used and read as a resource for practitioners and those interested in incorporating ABR or as a standalone research method within a healthcare context.Chapter 2. Arts use within healthcare and what is the evidence across health care disciplines and professionsDr. Jamie Bird Sage Stephanou This chapter will outline the role of the arts within healthcare research from the perspective of the creative and expressive arts having a radical agenda to challenge the status quo. The arts give shape and voice to those experiences and lives that have been silenced and hidden by structural practices of prejudice and discrimination. The arts challenge the colonial and capitalist practices of domination and the mastery of human and non-human others through rationality, as they appear within academic research and healthcare practices. The arts bring imaginative, intuitive and embodied experiences into the same space as reason and logic in order to create a radical ethics of care, so that the marginalised becomes centred, and participants become the beneficiaries and co-producers of knowledge. Drawing upon the authors knowledge and practice of the use of the arts within therapeutic and research contexts, the chapter will expand upon these themes, putting forwards a structure for framing arts-based research within healthcare, that will make it appropriate for adapting to, and responding to, a changed society that we desperately need to imagine.Chapter 3. “It is…, it stands for…, it shows…”: arts-based representations in data generation and analysis Nicole BrownArts-based approaches are employed because they allow researchers get closer to the participants’ experiences and emotions, because they help participants express experiences differently, and because they support participants’ processes of reflection and meaning-making. The benefits of arts-based approaches are therefore undisputed and often summarised as enabling richer, deeper data. In my contribution, I draw on my research into the lived experience of chronic illnesses and disabilities to highlight how two kinds of arts-based work leads to different forms and results in data and furthermore, how arts-based data generation lends itself to an arts-based analytical process. I argue, that the data is not necessarily richer or deeper, but different, which makes it insightful and exciting. I commence my chapter with an outline of the theory underpinning the work with metaphorical representations and object-work, before presenting two examples from my research: LEGO models and identity boxes that research participants produced. I then demonstrate how these representations in combination with conversations with participants lead to embodied, visceral responses, which, in turn and quite automatically, call for an arts-based approach to analysis. I show the benefits for researchers as well as participants and the wider society, when it comes to understanding and sharing experiences. I conclude with practical strategies and wider consideration of applicability of arts-based stance in data generation and analysis in healthcare research. Key words: metaphors, Lego, identity box, chronic illness, disability, fibromyalgia, arts-based analysisChapter 4. Proximity, accessibility, sensitivity, voice: the possibilities for arts based approaches in healthcareDr Julie McGarry Traditionally, two main research paradigms, broadly described as positivism (quantitative methodologies) and interpretivism (qualitative methodologies) have been used to describe the epistemological and ontological positioning of a researcher. The former derived from the natural sciences and the latter developing from the recognition of the differing meaning and nature of ‘knowledge’. Latterly however, even traditional qualitative approaches have elicited a degree of criticism in terms of their limitations to fully appreciate the ‘constant movement’ of social life. For example, Foster (2007) describes her rationale for using an arts based research approach as taking ‘into account a host of standpoints as well as capturing the complexities and not least, the beauty of life….the research process is every bit as key as the resultant findings’ (p363). Leavy (2015) further supports this approach in describing the ‘synergies between artistic and qualitative practices’ (p18). For example, highlighting that both seek to provide sensitive accounts of people, their situations and their lives in order to challenge dominant discourses and expose bias. Importantly, arts based approaches offer a medium thorough which participants may feel empowered to share their experiences through their own accounts rather than that of the researcher. This is arguably of central importance within the sphere of research that may be deemed ‘sensitive’, for example in hard to reach group or where the voices of participants have been largely unheard. The use of arts based research approaches as a way of exploring the lived experience of individuals therefore is also now recognised both within post-modern qualitative research methods (Foster, 2007) and within the context of informing professions in everyday practice. It has been argued that the value of personal narrative for example, lies in the reframing of the discourse of health and illness from one which is professionally dominated to one which holds the most meaning for the individuals concerned (Frank, 2013). A deeper exploration of these facets alongside examples from the authors own work form the basis for this chapter. Chapter 5. Use of Personas and participative methods when researching with hard to reach groupsDr Parveen Ali The term hard-to-reach is frequently used within the fields of health and social care refers to those groups in society who experience distinct barriers to inclusion, participation and access to services and research especially when researching sensitive issues such as domestic abuse, experiences of inequalities etc. People often find it hard to share their views on this topic and researchers and professionals have to think of new ways to overcome this barrier and facilitate discussion. In such situation use or art can be helpful. Anything that makes one use their creative thinking, imagination and creative skills is classed as art. The purpose is to express emotions, feelings, concerns and issues about any phenomena. Use of personas or pen portraits thus can be classed as arts as it allows participants to explore and share their views, concerns and experiences by creating a new person. Personas are used to identify, understand and address the needs, motivations, attitudes and behaviours of a specific individuals or groups in a community. As people can explore issues in relation to the person described in pen portrait, it makes it easier for them to talk about sensitive healthcare issues. This chapter will explore how personas or pen portraits can be useful as a method to encourage the use of creative thinking, imagination and storytelling to facilitate discussions around sensitive issues such as domestic abuse. Examples from projects will be used to help explain how the method was used in practice. Keywords: Personas, pen portrait, creative thinking, imagination, artsChapter 6. Photo-elicitation: unleashing imagery in healthcare research Lucian Milasan“A picture is worth one thousand words” the old adage goes. For qualitative researchers in particular, who traditionally rely on language to convey meanings, this appears to be an advantageous transaction in the context of staggering levels of visual information encountered daily. It is estimated, for example, that approximately half a billion photos are added every day to social media platforms, without taking into account videos that are currently on a rising trend. Unsurprisingly, this represents only a small fraction of the avalanche of visual stimuli to which we are subjected, not to mention the “mental” images that we generate in a lifetime i.e. quasi-perceptual imagery resembling the actual experience, but occurring in the absence of external stimulatio It becomes clear from the theoretical stage that photo-elicitation, as with photography in general, is an innovative technique that has the potential to develop, and be developed alongside with, methodologies for which verbal and written language is essential. This advantage is due to the relative simplicity of the photo-elicitation method that consists in handing out photo cameras to research participants to capture aspects of the researched phenomena and discuss these with the researcher in interviews or focus groups (Harper, 2002). In most of the instances, photographs are produced by the research participants, also called “native image-making” (Wagner, 1979), but occasionally clippings from magazines (Larivière et al., 2015), images or video-clips downloaded from the Internet (Greco, Lambert, & Park, 2017), and visual images produced by the researcher (Glaw, Inder, Kable, & Hazelton, 2017), or a combination of those, are also utilised in photo-elicitation. Keywords: photography, photo-elicitation, interviews, (mental) health / healthcare, qualitative researchChapter 7. At the Interface of Life Writing and Life Sciences: Eating Disorders Narratives of Lived Experience in English, German and French Literature Dr Heike Bartel & Dr Richard VytniorguLiterary narratives dealing with lived experience of eating disorders – from fiction and autobiographical writing to poetry and graphic novels – can deliver for those researching and working in healthcare important insights into these often misunderstood and stereotyped mental illnesses. However, such narratives are much more than useful delivery tools for content to benefit medical practice and science. Our chapter will outline how these texts at the interface of life writing and life sciences can raise pressing ethical and aesthetic questions about the articulation of the ‘voices’ of sufferers and survivors, the challenges to the authority of rigid medical systems as well as established literary traditions, the cultural formulation of illness and the potential of literary expression for recovery and change. Our comparative literary approach will focus on select text by female and male authors in English, German and French.Key words: eating disorders, mental health, autobiographical writing, Health / Medical humanities, patient voiceChapter 8. How can Arts be used within the context of dementia care?Dr Emily CousinsHealthcare research is increasingly inter-disciplinary, accounting for multiple perspectives and paradigms. Taking the field of the arts and dementia as an example, this chapter will explore how its evidence base has been strengthened by blending methodological approaches from the humanities and sciences to demonstrate ‘what works’. Clinical research often assumes a quantifiable treatment, with a prescribed dosage to achieve particular outcomes. Conversely, the benefits and effects of arts interventions can be subjectively analysed using interpretive methods. Furthermore, the philosophy of person-centred care rightly gives voice to the expertise of people with dementia. How can researchers reconcile scientific rigour with creative understandings and personal insights of care and wellbeing? By combining mutually enhancing methodologies, it is possible to generate inter-disciplinary findings that are as robust as they are rich. Keywords: methodology; arts; dementia; taxonomy; paradigm Chapter 9. Hand-drawn infographics: a tool for reflection and creativity in healthcare research and beyondJulia Reeve This chapter will draw on my experiences in creative researcher and academic development. It will provide the wider context of my work using arts-based approaches to research, plus supporting theory. It will then focus on the affordances of hand-drawn infographics in a healthcare setting, supported by visual examples. Visualising a research topic using analogue techniques such as drawing and collage provides researchers with:• A powerful tool for reflection, both on the self and the topic• A catalyst for creative thinking and the gaining of new insights• A vehicle for communication with diverse audiencesThe chapter will conclude with reflective, hands-on activities that can be applied to a variety of healthcare research settings.Key words: Infographics/Reflection/Communication/Visualisation/DrawingChapter 10. Use of writing letters and other literature forms to capture experiences of research participantsDr Heike Bartle, Julie McGarry, Kathryn Hinsliff-Smith and Gill LangWithin any form of qualitative research the researchers role is to help the participant share their experiences and for the researchers to translate and convey the messages often as interview themes and findings. However, often these traditional qualitative approaches to research are not appropriate and may cause undue distress and anxiety to the participant and also to the researcher. For example, with any tramatic or life affecting experience as often seen within healthcare, such as receiving a terminal diagnosis or other survivor stories. Use of letters and other written forms are a really useful medium to engage with patients who may find this aproach less intrusive, less intimidating and more acceptable to participate in. In this chapter the authors will share the expericnes of letter writing used when working with surviors of sexual violence, a topic that is not easily spoken about by surviors often women and girls. Chapter 11. Collage, an often neglected Art form for use in research, using Canadian examplesDr Kimberley Fraser This chapter will address the use of collage as an arts based intervention to elicit, reflect on, and express stories. Collage is an effective strategy to attract a wide range of individuals because it does not require any prior knowledge of art making. Most of us learned to cut and paste in kindergarten making this arts-based activity a little more accessible to those participants who might not otherwise engage, perhaps feeling uncomfortable or unfamiliar with a specific medium such as drawing or painting. This chapter will describe the process used in a specific arts-based research study using collage and follow up interviews with family caregivers, the majority of whom were older adults. The approach to data analysis for collage and other arts-based products will be described. This chapter will conclude with an overview of three different innovative knowledge translation activities and events with clinicians (world-café), decision-makers (conference art-show), and the general public (display in a public art gallery with a public talk).Last chapter x3 Editors (Hinsliff-Smith, McGarry, Ali) Summary Chapter for the book drawing upon the many examples where ABR is described within this resource in order to ellicit an understanding of often very complex healtcare interactions. The book will draw upon work conducted across various healthcare settings by a range of different academic disciplines from a wide spectrum of social sciences including philsophy and education to healthcare professionals and clinicians working in research and healthccare settings. This resource will be applicabel for anyone intersted in ABR in any geographic setting.Chapter 12. Conclusion Hinsliff-Smith, McGarry, AliChapter for the book drawing upon the many examples where ABR is described within this resource in order to ellicit an understanding of often very complex healtcare interactions. The book will draw upon work conducted across various healthcare settings by a range of different academic disciplines from a wide spectrum of social sciences including philsophy and education to healthcare professionals and clinicians working in research and healthccare settings. This resource will be applicabel for anyone intersted in ABR in any geographic setting.

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Book SynopsisCancer screening is a prominent strategy in cancer control in the United States, yet the ability to correctly interpret cancer screening data eludes many researchers, clinicians, and policy makers. This open access primer rectifies that situation by teaching readers, in simple language and with straightforward examples, why and how the population-level cancer burden changes when screening is implemented, and how we assess whether that change is of benefit. This book provides an in-depth look at the many aspects of cancer screening and its assessment, including screening phenomena, performance measures, population-level outcomes, research designs, and other important and timely topics. Concise, accessible, and focused, Assessment of Cancer Screening: A Primer is best suited to those with education or experience in clinical research or public health in the United States - no previous knowledge of cancer screening assessment is necessary. This is the first text dedicated to cancer screening theory and methodology to be published in 20 years.Table of ContentsFoundations.- Behind the scenes.- Performance measures.- Population measures: definitions.- Population measures: cancer screening’s impact.- Experimental research designs.- Observational research designs.- Cancer prevention screening.- Additional considerations.- Closing thoughts

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Book SynopsisWriting manuscripts is central to the advance of scientific knowledge. For an early career aspiring scientist, writing first author manuscripts is an opportunity to develop critical skills and to credential their expertise. Writing manuscripts, however, is difficult, doubly so for scientists who use English as a second language. Many science students intentionally avoid a writing-intensive curriculum. Careful, thorough reviews of draft manuscripts are difficult to secure, and experienced scientific supervisors face more demands on their time than they have time available. Weak draft manuscripts discourage supervising scientists investing the time to coach revisions. It is easier for experienced scientists to ignore the request, or to simply rewrite the article. Early career scientists are motivated to address these barriers but specific advice is difficult to find, and much of this advice is behind a pay wall. This essential, open access text presents writing lessons organized as common errors, providing students and early-career researchers with an efficient way to learn, and mentors with a quick-reference guide to reviewing. Error descriptions include specific examples drawn from real-world experiences of other early-career writers, and suggestions for how to successfully address and avoid these in the future. Versions of this book have been used by Stanford University, UC Davis, Johns Hopkins, and numerous international institutions and organizations for over a decade. Table of Contents1. Introduction1.1 The pathway to publishing1.2 Think before you write approach1.2.1 Develop a framing document1.2.2 Focus on the high level outline (HLO)1.2.3 Use the ‘most common errors’1.2.4 Understand authorship and mentoring responsibilities1.2.5 Structure the writing and feedback process1.3 The scientific writing style1.4 Converting preliminary work into manuscripts1.4.1 Converting reports into manuscripts1.4.2 Converting posters and verbal presentations into manuscripts1.5 The process of peer review2. Most common errorsA. General research and writing practicesA1. Insufficient knowledge of the literatureA2. Not referencing statementsA3. Weak citations A3a. Citing a secondary sourceA3b. Presenting conclusions rather than data from referencesA3c. Arguing from authorityA4. Endnotes not in standard styleA4a. Varying endnote notationA5. Not using standard draft manuscript formA6. Repeating informationA7. Labelling a scientific document as ‘final’A8. Characterizing an observation as ‘the first’A9. Errors in reasoningA9a. Casual assertion of causalityA9b. Assuming association is causalityA9c. Assuming reported behavior reflects actual behaviorA9d. Confusing imperfect recall with recall biasA9e. Confusing absence of recognition with absenceA9f. Asserting seasonality with a single year of dataA9g. Drawing conclusions using confirmation biasA10. Constructing a multivariate model using only statistical criteriaA11. PlagiarismB. Content of quantitative papersB1. Improper focus or format of title and abstractB2. Confusing the role of Introduction, Methods, Results, and DiscussionB3. Not writing the Methods section in chronological orderB4. Not emphasizing steps taken to protect human subjectsB5. Listing interpretations, but not defending one in the DiscussionB6. Not fully explaining limitationsB7. Writing generic recommendationsB8. Presenting new data in the DiscussionB9. Reporting the number of enrolled subjects in the MethodsB10. Specifying the contents of a questionnaireB11. Naïve theories of changeB11a. Recommending a massive increase in fundingB11b. Ignoring incentives and barriersB11c. Assuming weak states can implementB12. An insufficiently focused IntroductionB13. Failure to clarify key sample size assumptionsB14. A high level outline that is not high levelB15. Specifying software used for routine data analysisB16. Presenting rationale in the last sentence of the IntroductionC. Mechanics of writingC1. Using non-standard abbreviationsC2. Using non-standard spacesC3. Improper spellingC4. Capitalization problems C4a. USING ALL CAPITAL LETTERSC4b. Capitalizing non-proper nounsC5. Failure to spell out an isolated numeral < 10C6. Starting a sentence with a numeralC7. Not indenting paragraphsC8. Not aligning text to the leftC9. Problems with parenthesesC10. Not recognizing when an abbreviation has become a nameC11. Misplaced commas in large numbersC12. Varying fonts within the narrativeC13. Using bulleted lists rather than sentencesC14. Uninformative document namesD. Grammatical structures and stylistic strategiesD1. Using present rather than past tenseD2. Failure to use definite and indefinite articlesD3. Excessive use of passive voiceD4. Improper use of “we”D5. Writing from a psychological perspectiveD6. Using excessive sub-headings in the discussion sectionD7. Misplaced modifiersD8. Using nouns with awkward syntax in place of verbsD9. Using different terms for the same object or the same ideaE. Achieving clarity and concisenessE1. Labelling rather than explainingE2. Using weak opening phrases for sentencesE3. Using adjectives and qualifiersE4. Overusing studies or authors as sentence subjectsE5. Using non-descriptive numeric or alphabetical labelsE6. Using respectivelyE7. Using the word etceteraE8. Using foreign wordsE9. Using local words, expressions or monetary figuresE10. Using the term ‘developing country’E11. Using the term ‘socio-economic status’ as a synonym for wealthE12. Using a technical term in its non-technical senseE12a. Using the term ‘random’ in its non-technical senseE12b. Using the term ‘reliable’ in its non-technical senseE12c. Using the term ‘significant’ in its non-technical senseE12d. Using the term ‘valid’ in its non-technical senseE12e. Using the term ‘incidence’ incorrectlyE12f. Using the term ‘correlated’ incorrectly E13. Using the verb ‘documented’E14. Framing an argument in terms of needE15. Using the term ‘illiterate’ as a synonym for ‘no formal education’E16. Using the word ‘challenging’ as a synonym for ‘difficult’E17. Describing a laboratory test result as positiveE18. Using increase or decrease in the absence of a time trendE19. Describing a test as a gold standardF. Recording scientific dataF1. Using statistics in place of the study question to frame resultsF1a. Framing narrative results around p-valuesF2. Not presenting the core dataF3. Using too many decimal placesF4. Using too few decimal placesF5. Using incomplete headings for tables and figuresF6. Imbalance between table and narrative presentation of the resultsF7. Pointing too explicitly to tables and figuresF8. Using inappropriate figuresF9. Using the wrong symbol to designate degreeF10. Using non-standard footnote symbols in tablesF11. Comparing to a varying baselineF12. Generic data tables that lack a clear messageF13. Table layout that impairs comparisons*F14. Maps with irrelevant detailsF15. Numbering figures or tables out of sequenceF16. Listing results in a paragraph that are more clear in a tableF17. Using less informative denominators in a tableF18. p-value in a baseline table of a randomized controlled trialF19. Emailing draft manuscripts with figures that are not compressedG. Approaching publicationG1. Failure to respond to reviewers’ commentsG2. Incomplete response to reviewsG3. Invalid authorship line G4. Missing acknowledgement sectionG5. Choosing an inappropriate journalG6. Not following a specific journal’s details of styleG7. Not using a checklist to review your paper before submissionG8. Exceeding the journal word limitG9. Asking your senior author to recommend reviewersG10. Responding to journal reviewers using the first person singularG11. Retaining comments in subsequent draftsG12. Not finding a description of the error codeG13. Requesting an unprofessionally short turnaround timeG14. Sending blank forms for co-authors to completeG15. Not providing co-authors a copy of the submitted manuscriptG16. Not keeping co-authors informed of journal discussionsG17. Re-using an email thread when circulating a revised manuscriptG18. Not proofreading references prior to submissionG19. Not including text of the manuscript changes in response to reviewersG20. Not including readability statisticsH. Slide and poster presentationsH1. Bullets on the wallH2. Chart junkH3. Copying a manuscript figure instead of developing a custom figureH4. Photos with an unnatural aspect ratioH5. Too many photographs on a single slideH6. Field workers as the dominant subject of photographsH7. Using bullets without hanging indentsH8. Using a pie chartH9. Using vertical bars when horizontal bars would communicate betterH10. Including a final “Thank you” slideH11. Using sentences for bullet pointsH12. Too much space between bulletsH13. Failure to separate ideas in a multi-lined titleH14. Using 3 dimensional chart features as decorationsAppendix 1: Flowchart for reviewing scientific documents Appendix 2: Concept note outlineAppendix 3: Critical questions for protocol developmentAppendix 4: Framing documentAppendix 5: Conference/scientific meeting abstractsAppendix 6: Quantitative manuscript high level outline (HLO)Appendix 7: Example of quantitative manuscript HLOAppendix 8:Authorship Scorecard Appendix 9:JANE (Journal/Author Name Estimator)Appendix 10: STROBE StatementAppendix 11: CONSORT StatementAppendix 12: List of common errors Appendix 13: Concept note exampleReferences

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Book SynopsisWriting manuscripts is central to the advance of scientific knowledge. For an early career aspiring scientist, writing first author manuscripts is an opportunity to develop critical skills and to credential their expertise. Writing manuscripts, however, is difficult, doubly so for scientists who use English as a second language. Many science students intentionally avoid a writing-intensive curriculum. Careful, thorough reviews of draft manuscripts are difficult to secure, and experienced scientific supervisors face more demands on their time than they have time available. Weak draft manuscripts discourage supervising scientists investing the time to coach revisions. It is easier for experienced scientists to ignore the request, or to simply rewrite the article. Early career scientists are motivated to address these barriers but specific advice is difficult to find, and much of this advice is behind a pay wall. This essential, open access text presents writing lessons organized as common errors, providing students and early-career researchers with an efficient way to learn, and mentors with a quick-reference guide to reviewing. Error descriptions include specific examples drawn from real-world experiences of other early-career writers, and suggestions for how to successfully address and avoid these in the future. Versions of this book have been used by Stanford University, UC Davis, Johns Hopkins, and numerous international institutions and organizations for over a decade. Table of Contents1. Introduction1.1 The pathway to publishing1.2 Think before you write approach1.2.1 Develop a framing document1.2.2 Focus on the high level outline (HLO)1.2.3 Use the ‘most common errors’1.2.4 Understand authorship and mentoring responsibilities1.2.5 Structure the writing and feedback process1.3 The scientific writing style1.4 Converting preliminary work into manuscripts1.4.1 Converting reports into manuscripts1.4.2 Converting posters and verbal presentations into manuscripts1.5 The process of peer review2. Most common errorsA. General research and writing practicesA1. Insufficient knowledge of the literatureA2. Not referencing statementsA3. Weak citations A3a. Citing a secondary sourceA3b. Presenting conclusions rather than data from referencesA3c. Arguing from authorityA4. Endnotes not in standard styleA4a. Varying endnote notationA5. Not using standard draft manuscript formA6. Repeating informationA7. Labelling a scientific document as ‘final’A8. Characterizing an observation as ‘the first’A9. Errors in reasoningA9a. Casual assertion of causalityA9b. Assuming association is causalityA9c. Assuming reported behavior reflects actual behaviorA9d. Confusing imperfect recall with recall biasA9e. Confusing absence of recognition with absenceA9f. Asserting seasonality with a single year of dataA9g. Drawing conclusions using confirmation biasA10. Constructing a multivariate model using only statistical criteriaA11. PlagiarismB. Content of quantitative papersB1. Improper focus or format of title and abstractB2. Confusing the role of Introduction, Methods, Results, and DiscussionB3. Not writing the Methods section in chronological orderB4. Not emphasizing steps taken to protect human subjectsB5. Listing interpretations, but not defending one in the DiscussionB6. Not fully explaining limitationsB7. Writing generic recommendationsB8. Presenting new data in the DiscussionB9. Reporting the number of enrolled subjects in the MethodsB10. Specifying the contents of a questionnaireB11. Naïve theories of changeB11a. Recommending a massive increase in fundingB11b. Ignoring incentives and barriersB11c. Assuming weak states can implementB12. An insufficiently focused IntroductionB13. Failure to clarify key sample size assumptionsB14. A high level outline that is not high levelB15. Specifying software used for routine data analysisB16. Presenting rationale in the last sentence of the IntroductionC. Mechanics of writingC1. Using non-standard abbreviationsC2. Using non-standard spacesC3. Improper spellingC4. Capitalization problems C4a. USING ALL CAPITAL LETTERSC4b. Capitalizing non-proper nounsC5. Failure to spell out an isolated numeral < 10C6. Starting a sentence with a numeralC7. Not indenting paragraphsC8. Not aligning text to the leftC9. Problems with parenthesesC10. Not recognizing when an abbreviation has become a nameC11. Misplaced commas in large numbersC12. Varying fonts within the narrativeC13. Using bulleted lists rather than sentencesC14. Uninformative document namesD. Grammatical structures and stylistic strategiesD1. Using present rather than past tenseD2. Failure to use definite and indefinite articlesD3. Excessive use of passive voiceD4. Improper use of “we”D5. Writing from a psychological perspectiveD6. Using excessive sub-headings in the discussion sectionD7. Misplaced modifiersD8. Using nouns with awkward syntax in place of verbsD9. Using different terms for the same object or the same ideaE. Achieving clarity and concisenessE1. Labelling rather than explainingE2. Using weak opening phrases for sentencesE3. Using adjectives and qualifiersE4. Overusing studies or authors as sentence subjectsE5. Using non-descriptive numeric or alphabetical labelsE6. Using respectivelyE7. Using the word etceteraE8. Using foreign wordsE9. Using local words, expressions or monetary figuresE10. Using the term ‘developing country’E11. Using the term ‘socio-economic status’ as a synonym for wealthE12. Using a technical term in its non-technical senseE12a. Using the term ‘random’ in its non-technical senseE12b. Using the term ‘reliable’ in its non-technical senseE12c. Using the term ‘significant’ in its non-technical senseE12d. Using the term ‘valid’ in its non-technical senseE12e. Using the term ‘incidence’ incorrectlyE12f. Using the term ‘correlated’ incorrectly E13. Using the verb ‘documented’E14. Framing an argument in terms of needE15. Using the term ‘illiterate’ as a synonym for ‘no formal education’E16. Using the word ‘challenging’ as a synonym for ‘difficult’E17. Describing a laboratory test result as positiveE18. Using increase or decrease in the absence of a time trendE19. Describing a test as a gold standardF. Recording scientific dataF1. Using statistics in place of the study question to frame resultsF1a. Framing narrative results around p-valuesF2. Not presenting the core dataF3. Using too many decimal placesF4. Using too few decimal placesF5. Using incomplete headings for tables and figuresF6. Imbalance between table and narrative presentation of the resultsF7. Pointing too explicitly to tables and figuresF8. Using inappropriate figuresF9. Using the wrong symbol to designate degreeF10. Using non-standard footnote symbols in tablesF11. Comparing to a varying baselineF12. Generic data tables that lack a clear messageF13. Table layout that impairs comparisons*F14. Maps with irrelevant detailsF15. Numbering figures or tables out of sequenceF16. Listing results in a paragraph that are more clear in a tableF17. Using less informative denominators in a tableF18. p-value in a baseline table of a randomized controlled trialF19. Emailing draft manuscripts with figures that are not compressedG. Approaching publicationG1. Failure to respond to reviewers’ commentsG2. Incomplete response to reviewsG3. Invalid authorship line G4. Missing acknowledgement sectionG5. Choosing an inappropriate journalG6. Not following a specific journal’s details of styleG7. Not using a checklist to review your paper before submissionG8. Exceeding the journal word limitG9. Asking your senior author to recommend reviewersG10. Responding to journal reviewers using the first person singularG11. Retaining comments in subsequent draftsG12. Not finding a description of the error codeG13. Requesting an unprofessionally short turnaround timeG14. Sending blank forms for co-authors to completeG15. Not providing co-authors a copy of the submitted manuscriptG16. Not keeping co-authors informed of journal discussionsG17. Re-using an email thread when circulating a revised manuscriptG18. Not proofreading references prior to submissionG19. Not including text of the manuscript changes in response to reviewersG20. Not including readability statisticsH. Slide and poster presentationsH1. Bullets on the wallH2. Chart junkH3. Copying a manuscript figure instead of developing a custom figureH4. Photos with an unnatural aspect ratioH5. Too many photographs on a single slideH6. Field workers as the dominant subject of photographsH7. Using bullets without hanging indentsH8. Using a pie chartH9. Using vertical bars when horizontal bars would communicate betterH10. Including a final “Thank you” slideH11. Using sentences for bullet pointsH12. Too much space between bulletsH13. Failure to separate ideas in a multi-lined titleH14. Using 3 dimensional chart features as decorationsAppendix 1: Flowchart for reviewing scientific documents Appendix 2: Concept note outlineAppendix 3: Critical questions for protocol developmentAppendix 4: Framing documentAppendix 5: Conference/scientific meeting abstractsAppendix 6: Quantitative manuscript high level outline (HLO)Appendix 7: Example of quantitative manuscript HLOAppendix 8:Authorship Scorecard Appendix 9:JANE (Journal/Author Name Estimator)Appendix 10: STROBE StatementAppendix 11: CONSORT StatementAppendix 12: List of common errors Appendix 13: Concept note exampleReferences

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Book SynopsisThis book serves as an introduction to the concepts of medical biotechnology, with great details about fundamentals and early disciplines of study as well as emerging fields and the latest research. The book follows a chronological order from the earliest discoveries and breakthroughs of medical biotechnology to the latest areas of study. The book contains up-to-date citations for each chapter and section, which makes it easy for the reader to understand the concept and also to follow the latest developments in the particular area. It is an ideal book for undergraduate and graduate students who aspire to derive basic knowledge and are also keen on learning about the latest advancements in the field of medical biotechnology. Table of ContentsChapter 1. The Advent of Medical Biotechnology Dr. Zeenat Farooq, Dr. Mumtaz AnwarChapter 2. Biotechnology in Medicine: FundamentalsDr. Pooja MalhotraChapter 3. Biotechnology in Medicine: Advances-IDr. Hafeez Faridi, Dr. Mohd ShahidChapter 4. Biotechnology in Medicine: Advances IIDr. Zeeshan Zahoor BandayChapter 5. Analytical Techniques in Medical BiotechnologyDr. Shubha PriyamvadaChapter 6. Immunology in Medical BiotechnologyDr. Sajad Ahmad BhatChapter 7. Epigenetics and Medical BiotechnologyDr. Altaf Bhat, Dr. Zeenat FarooqChapter 8. Stem Cell TechnologyDr. Willayat Yousuf WaniChapter 9. Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyD.r Mohammad TauseefChapter 10. Diagnostic and Therapeutic BiotechnologyDr. Ashvinder Raina, Dr. Aadil Hussain BhatChapter 11. Nanotechnology and NanomedicineDr. Abhalaxmi SinghChapter 12. Laboratory Protocols in Medical Biotechnology - IDr. Mohsin MaqboolChapter 13. Laboratory Protocols in Medical Biotechnology - IIDr. Medha PriyadarshiniChapter 14. Ethics and Medical BiotechnologyDr. Mohd Saleem Dar, Dr. Syed Mudasir AhmadChapter 15. Career Opportunities in Medical BiotechnologyDr. Saroj Nepal

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Book SynopsisElectricity and Magnetism (E&M) underlies many lifesaving medical devices, such as magnetic resonance imaging scanners, neural stimulators, and heart pacemakers. But E&M also attracts its share of bogus health claims, such as biomagnetic therapy. How do you separate the good from the bad? Sometimes it’s not easy: experiments are prone to artifacts, theories are limited by assumptions, and clinical trials can result in ambiguities. In this book, the author separates the wheat from the chaff, showing which applications of E&M are bogus and which are not. This book takes the reader on a tour through a range of fascinating phenomena, from effects that are constant in time at one extreme, such as transcranial direct current stimulation of the brain, to the millimeter-wave whole-body scanners which are familiar to frequent flyers at the other. Along the way, the author looks in depth at the dispute about power line magnetic fields and leukemia, a case study in what can go wrong when dubious claims inflame unjustified fears. The debate about cell phones and brain cancer still rages today, particularly for the microwave frequencies encountered with new 5G technology. Recently, the so-called Havana Syndrome has been attributed to microwave weapons, but the underlying biophysics of such weapons is unclear. For all these encounters with electricity and magnetism, the author, an eminent biophysicist, uses science and evidence to sort out fact from fantasy. This book is aimed at general readers who want to make sense of the mysterious and often controversial ways in which E&M interacts with the human body. It is also ideal for students and professionals in bioscience and health-related fields who want to learn more without getting overwhelmed by theory.Trade Review“This book is an essential reference that would be a great addition to every skeptic’s bookshelf. It summarizes the evidence about the health effects of electromagnetism and provides ammunition for debunking pseudoscientific rumors. It’s short, inexpensive, well-written, and full of interesting facts. I was particularly intrigued to learn that an electric eel has its own Twitter account.” (Harriet Hall, Science-Based Medicine, sciencebasedmedicine.org, June 14, 2022)Table of ContentsChapter 1: Can Magnets Cure All Your Ills?Chapter 2: Can a 9-Volt Battery Make You Smarter? Chapter 3: Do Power Lines Cause Cancer? Chapter 4: Can Electrical Stimulation Eliminate Pain? Chapter 5: Is Your Cell Phone Killing You? Chapter 6: Did Cubans Attack an American Embassy with Microwaves? Chapter 7: Are Whole Body Scanners at Airports Dangerous?

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Book SynopsisIn the age of "publish or perish," this book provides everything one needs to know about conducting research and successfully publishing it in a scientific journal. The reader learns about the complete process of scientific publishing: from selecting the most appropriate research design, to obtaining permissions and funding, to resourcefully presenting the research results in a poster and oral presentation. Additionally, the practical tips provided here help the reader formulate a compelling scientific article and choose the most suitable journal (subscription vs. the various open access modalities) for their publication.This book also addresses "invisible aspects" of scholarly publishing that are nonetheless important and that everyone should know and understand: avoiding predatory journals, understanding the editor's perspective, and becoming familiar with the various research metrics (from author to journal) that can all determine success or failure of a publication. Written in an informal style in which the author shares personal perspectives and experiences, the book is easily accessible to the reader. The book offers early career scientists in biomedicine and medicine a unique perspective on publishing research articles and how this process can enhance the authors' "scientific value" within the scientific ecosystem as well as their personal CVs.Table of ContentsSee Attachments:

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Book SynopsisThis book covers fundamental microscopic techniques for Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and other microscopic tools. It provides step-by-step instructions and explanations of the basic fundamental concepts and mechanisms and guides the reader on resolving queries related to taking and analyzing microscopy images. The latest advancements and developments in microscopic equipment are described. Theoretical background on microscopy is also provided to enhance the reader’s understanding of microscopy techniques and tools. Microscopic Techniques for the Non-Expert is an ideal book for undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as researchers with a background in environmental science, materials science, biomedicine, engineering, or bio-nanotechnology.Table of ContentsA Beginner’s Guide to Different Types of Microscopes Principles of Light and Fluorescence Microscopy Confocal and Multiphoton Microscopy Scanning Probe Microscopy: tipping the path towards atomic visions Atomic Force Microscopy - An Advanced Imaging Technique: From Molecules to Morphologies Exploring the microcosm at atomic precision using Atomic Force Microscopy Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM): Learning to generate and interpret the topographical aspects of materials Recent updates on methods, applications, and practical uses of scanning electron microscopy in various life sciences Transmission electron microscopy - A powerful and novel scientific technique with nanoscale resolution for characterization of materials Preparation of Biological Samples for SEM: Techniques and Procedures

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Book SynopsisThis image-rich book explores the practice as well as the theory of visual representation and presents us with the importance of designing appropriate images for communication to specific target audiences. This includes the appropriate choice of high-tech digital or low-tech analogue technologies in image-making for communication within the medical education, biological research and community health contexts. We hear from medical students about the value of using clay modelling in their understanding of anatomy, from educators and curriculum designers about visual affordances in medical education and from a community-driven project in South Africa about their innovative use of locally designed images and culture-specific narratives for communicating important health information to marginalised communities. A chapter explores the evolution of scientific visualisation and representation of big data to a variety of audiences, and another presents the innovative 3D construction of internal cellular structures from microscopic 2D slices. As we embrace blended learning in anatomy education, a timely chapter prompts us to think further about and contribute to the ongoing discourse around important ethical considerations in the use and sharing of digital images of body donors. This book will appeal to educators, medical illustrators, curriculum designers, post-graduate students, community health practitioners and biomedical researchers.Table of Contentssee attachment

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Book SynopsisThis book entitled “Cancer Stem Cell Markers and Related Network Path-ways” is about cancer stem cell (CSC) markers and the molecular network pathways. CSCs play an important role in the cancer drug resistance, metastasis and recurrence. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is closely related to CSC phenotype.This book covers various aspects of the molecular networks related to CSCs including the important phenotypic change such as EMT. Readers will discover the importance of the identification of CSC markers and EMT-related molecules in CSC network pathways.The CSC signaling pathways and EMT molecular network pathways attract researchers in the field to define the cancer therapeutic targets. Cancer environment is important in the acquisition of CSC phenotype in cells. The revealing of this CSC mystery is across 7 chapters. The topic of this book is particularly relevant to research in the field of cancer and stem cells, as well as the network pathways. We hope that this book helps the readers to be interested in understanding why the CSC concept is important and attractive.Table of Contents​1. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cellsby Shihori Tanabe2. The transcription factors Zeb1 and Snail induce cell malignancy and can-cer stem cell phenotype in prostate cells, increasing androgen synthesis ca-pacity and therapy resistanceby Fernanda López-Moncada, Enrique A Castellón, Héctor R Contreras3. ERBB signaling pathway in cancer stem cellsby Ghmkin Hassan and Masaharu Seno4. Functional and molecular characters of cancer stem cells through devel-opment to establishmentby Said M Afify, Ghmkin Hassan, Hiroko Ishii, Sadia Monzur, Hend M Nawara, Amira Osman, Hagar A Abu Quora, Mona Sheta, Maram H Zah-ra, Akimasa Seno, Masaharu Seno5. Microenvironment in cancer stem cellsby Shihori Tanabe6. Cancer stem cells contribute to drug resistance in multiple different waysby Maram H Zahra, Hend M Nawara, Ghmkin Hassan, Said M Afify, Akimasa Seno, Masaharu Seno7. Abnormal glycosylation in cancer cells and cancer stem cells as a thera-peutic targetby Sabina Quader, Shihori Tanabe, Horacio Cabral

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Book SynopsisWritten by dedicated and active professionals from different areas of the pharmaceutical, biomedical, and medtech sectors, this book provides information on job and career opportunities in various life sciences industries. It also contains useful tips to launch your own startup. The pharmaceutical, biomedical and medical technology sectors offer a wide range of employment opportunities to talented and motivated young graduates. However, many of these employment prospects are not well known to early career scientists, who concentrate primarily on the scientific and academic content of their fields of interest. The book is divided into five parts: Part 1 provides an academic perspective that focuses on the specific preparation required in the final years of study to embark on a successful career in the pharmaceutical and biomedical industries. In Part 2, industry experts discuss employment possibilities all along the drug or product life cycle, from discovery research and development to commercialisation. Part 3 follows, highlighting opportunities in support functions such as regulatory affairs or quality assurance. Part 4 focuses on additional opportunities in the wider biomedical sector, while Part 5 contains practical tips and training opportunities for entering the pharmaceutical and biomedical industries. In the epilogue, the authors reflect on this fascinating field and its career prospects. The book offers a multidisciplinary perspective on career opportunities in the pharmaceutical and biomedical industry to a wide range of students and young life scientists.Table of ContentsTitle: Career Options in the Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Industry: An Insider’s Guide Preface (Introduction) Part 1: Setting the scene Chapter 1:Life after Academia: Launching your Pharma/Biotech CareerChris van Schravendijk Chapter 2:Competences for PharmacistsJeffrey Atkinson & Chris van Schravendijk Chapter 3:Job and Career Opportunities in the Pharmaceutical Industry: An OverviewJosse R. Thomas Part 2: Opportunities along the drug/product life cycle Chapter 4:Career Opportunities in ToxicologyMark Martens & Miranda Cornet Chapter 5:Job Possibilities in Clinical ResearchBenedikt Van Nieuwenhove Chapter 6:How to Get and Develop a Career in a Market Access Role in the Medical Devices IndustryVito Palatino Chapter 7:Job Opportunities in Pharmaceutical MarketingVicky van den Nieuwenhuyzen Chapter 8:Working in Medical Affairs and Clinical Operations: Life-Changing CareersDrago Vuino et al. Chapter 9:The Role of Medical Science LiaisonRoberta Manfroni Chapter 10:Career Development for Physicians in the Biopharmaceutical IndustryAnke Van den Broeck & Ann Dhoore Part 3: Opportunities in Supportive Functions Chapter 11:Job and Career Opportunities in Regulatory Affairs/ScienceAnn Emmerechts and Josse R. Thomas Chapter 12:Job Opportunities in Clinical Research Quality AssuranceIris Gorter de Vries Chapter 13:Job Opportunities in Quality Assurance Related to Manufacturing of Medicinal ProductsMaaike Gons Part 4: Other Opportunities in the Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sector Chapter 14:Careers Perspective in a Science and Technology ParkLaura Aldrovandi & Simona Sbardelatti Chapter 15:To be or not to be: Entrepreneurship and Enterprise Creation as a Way to Innovate in LifeSciencesBrian Cahill et al. Chapter 16:How to Become a Successful Hospital and Community PharmacistLilian M. Azzopardi Part 5: Practical tips and tricks Chapter 17:A Successful Career in the Life Sciences Industry: How to Write your Strongest Resumé andAce that InterviewSofie Paeps & Charlotte Peters Chapter 18:Skill Building for Career Advancement: Public Speaking and NetworkingHynda K. Kleinman Chapter 19:Training Opportunities for a Career in the Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Industry/SectorJosse R. Thomas Epilogue

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Book SynopsisThis book focuses on the challenges to biomedical education posed by the lockdowns and restrictions to on campus teaching brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic and highlights the tools and digital visualization technologies that have been successfully developed and used for remote teaching. Biomedical education for science, medical, dental and allied health professionals relies on teaching visual and tactile knowledge using practice-based approaches. This has been delivered for decades via on-campus lectures, workshops and laboratories, teaching practical skills as well as fundamental knowledge and understanding. However, the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic meant that education across the globe had to pivot very quickly to be able to deliver these skills and knowledge in a predominantly online environment. This brought with it many challenges, as Higher Education staff, had to adapt to deliver these visual subjects remotely. This book addresses the challenges and solutions faced by Higher Education staff in teaching visual content in distance education. Chapters include literature reviews, original research, and pedagogical reflections for a wide range of biomedical subjects, degrees such as medicine, dentistry and veterinary sciences with examples from undergraduate and postgraduate settings. The goal of the book is to provide a compendium of expertise based on evidence gathered during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as reflections on the challenges and lessons learned from this dramatic shift in teaching. It also presents new examples of best practices that have emerged from this experience to ensure that they are not lost as we return to on-campus learning in a new era of biomedical teaching. This book will be of interest to anyone looking for a helpful reference point when designing online or blended teaching for visual practice-based subjects.Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisThe book provides a comprehensive overview of classic and modern approaches of centrosome research, including new aspects of centrosome functions focusing on primary cilia and their implications in numerous diseases. In addition, several chapters raise awareness of centrosomes in areas that have not yet fully considered the centrosome as an organelle that impacts other organelle functions directly or indirectly. It further relates centrosome functions to other research areas such as aging and stem cell research. Since its discovery almost 150 years ago the centrosome is increasingly being recognized as a most impactful organelle for its role, not only as primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) but also as a major communication center for signal transduction pathways and as a center for proteolytic activities. Its significance for cell cycle regulation has been well studied and we now also know that centrosome dysfunctions are implicated in numerous diseases and disorders including cancer, cystic diseases of the kidney, liver fibrosis, cardiac defects, obesity and several other diseases and disorders. This new volume reviews the latest advances in the field and provides valuable background information that is readily understandable for the newcomer and the experienced centrosome researcher alike. Due to the interdisciplinary of the subject, it is a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians working in biomedical research, cell biology, cancer biology, reproduction and developmental biology, neuroscience and stem cell research. Table of ContentsIntroduction 1) Cell and Molecular Biology of Centrosome Structure and Function 1.1 Historical Perspectives 1.2 Centrosome Structure, Molecular Composition, and Function 1.3 Centrosome Matrix and Centrosomal Proteins Centrosome Proteins 1.4 Centriole Structure and Cell Cycle-specific centriole dynamics 1.5 In vivo imaging of Centrosomes 2) The centrosome Cycle within the cell cycle 2.1 Centrosome-nuclear interactions 2.2 Centrosome maturation, mitosis and cell division this all needs sorting 2.3 Chromosome (DNA)-centrosome synchronization cycle - this all needs sorting 2.4 Centrosome-Golgi relationships and interconnected functions 2.5 Primary cilia 3) Centrosome as center for proteolytic activity and dysfunctions associated with pathogenesis of human disease 3.1 Centrosomes as center for proteolytic activity and dysfunctions in disease 3.2 Other centrosome-related dysfunctions in disease 3.3 Vesicular transport dysfunctions and disease 3.4 Basal body dysfunctions and disease 4) Centrosome dysfunctions in cancer Needs sorting - Viral transformation and aneuploidy - Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes - Centrosomes as targets for cancer therapy 5) Virus exploitation of centrosomes 6) Centrosomes in reproduction Introduction 6.1 The importance of choosing an appropriate animal model 6.2 Centrosome terminology questions in reproductive cells 6.3 Centrosome reduction during gametogenesis 6.4 The Sperm Centriole Complex Before Fertilization 6.5 Centrosomes in unfertilized eggs and oocytes 6.6 Centrosomes during oocyte maturation, fertilization and first cell division - oocyte maturation - fertilization and first cell division 6.7 Effects of aging on oocyte centrosomes (something like this) 7) Transition from centrosomal to non-centrosomal microtubule organization during cellular polarization 8) External and environmental effects on Centrosomes 8.1 Effects of ionizing radiation on centrosomes 8.2 Environmental and genotoxic stress on centrosomes 9) Centrosomes and centrosome equivalents in other systems 9.1 Stem cells 9.2 Neuronal cells 9.3 T cells (cytotoxic T-lymphocytes; CTLs) 9.4 Centrosomes and centrosome equivalents in other systems and in model organisms - Parasites - Yeast (spindle pole bodies; SPBs) - Dictyostelium (nuclear associated bodies; SPBs) - C elegans - Drosophila 10) Non-centrosomal microtubule organization in plant cells

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Book SynopsisThis book addresses current topics on pathogenic Vibrio spp. from a comprehensive and holistic perspective. Here, experts in the field provide timely chapters, ranging from genomics, pathogen emergence, and epidemiology to pathogenesis, virulence regulation and host colonization. Questions addressed include: How does climate change affect the spread of these bacteria? What is the status of current vaccines? Are there novel therapeutic options to treat Vibrio infections? Is there likelihood of emergence of new pathogenic strains or species? Can insights from mathematical models and epidemiology lead to prediction of pathogen outbreaks?Recent decades have seen a steady increase in Vibrio spp. infections originating in aquatic and marine habitats, driven by higher human population densities, warming of polluted oceans, natural and human-made disasters, and mass seafood production. These conditions increase the likelihood of pathogenic Vibrio spp. coming into contact with humans, making their study even more timely and relevant as these problems escalate over time. This book is a valuable resource for health management professionals, experienced microbiologists/ microbial ecologists, and early career scientists alike who want to learn more about these important environmental human pathogens. The ideas and technologies presented in this book for preventing, controlling, and monitoring Vibrio spp. infections contribute to the UN Sustainable Development Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being. Table of ContentsChapter 1. Vibrio Infections and the Twenty-First Century.- Chapter 2. New Insights into Vibrio Cholerae Biofilms from Molecular Biophysics to Microbial Ecology.- Chapter 3. Type VI Secretion Systems: Environmental and Intra-Host Competition of Vibrio cholerae.- Chapter 4. Motility Control as a Possible Link Between Quorum Sensing to Surface Attachment in Vibrio Species.- Chapter 5. The Vibrio Polar Flagellum: Structure and Regulation.- Chapter 6. Environmental Reservoirs of Pathogenic Vibrio Spp. and Their Role in Disease: The List Keeps Expanding.- Chapter 7. Cholera Dynamics and the Emergence of Pandemic Vibrio cholerae.- Chapter 8. Role of Bacteriophages in the Evolution of Pathogenic Vibrios and Lessons for Phage Therapy.- Chapter 9. Vibrio vulnificus, an Underestimated Zoonotic Pathogen.- Chapter 10. The Role of Nutrients and Nutritional Signals in the Pathogenesis of Vibrio cholerae.- Chapter 11. Stress Responses in Pathogenic Vibrios and Their Role in Host and Environmental Survival.- Chapter 12. Vibrio parahaemolyticus Epidemiology and Pathogenesis: Novel Insights on an Emerging Foodborne Pathogen.- Chapter 13. The Viable but Non-Culturable (VBNC) State in Vibrio Species: Why Studying the VBNC State Now, Is More Exciting than Ever.- Chapter 14. Structural Insights into Regulation of Vibrio Virulence Gene Networks.- Chapter 15. When Vibrios Take Flight: A Meta-Analysis of Pathogenic Vibrio Species in Wild and Domestic Birds.- Chapter 16. What Whole Genome Sequencing Has Told Us About Pathogenic Vibrios.

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Book SynopsisThis is an open access book. In honor of his 75th birthday, we reflect on the impact of the pioneering work of Alan Grodzinsky and his laboratory. This volume includes in-depth discussions of tissue electromechanics, mechanobiology and biomechanics, and matrix biology in addition to the latest advancements in understanding the pathogenesis, progression and treatment of osteoarthritis. Unique to this volume, we overview decades of groundbreaking research that set the stage for the latest efforts in the field, highlighting the legacy of one researcher and their trainees.Table of ContentsPreface (Brianne K. Connizzo, Lin Han, Robert L. Sah).- Scientific Impact.- Chapter 1. Aggrecan and Hyaluronan: The infamous Cartilage Polyelectrolytes- Then and Now (Anna Plaas, Meghan Moran, John Sandy, Vincent Hascall).- Chapter 2. Understanding the Influence of Local Physical Stimuli on Chondrocyte Behavior (Byumsu Ki, Lawrence J. Bonassar).- Chapter 3. Multiscale In Silico Modeling of Cartilage Injuries (Rami K. Korhonen, Atte S.A. Eskelinen, Gustavo A. Orozco, Amir Esrafilian, Cristina Florea, and Petri Tanska).- Chapter 4. In Vitro Models and Proteomics in Osteoarthritis Research (Martin Rydén, Patrik Önnerfjord).- Chapter 5. Nanomechanics of Aggrecan: A New Perspective on Cartilage Biomechanics, Disease and Regeneration (Chao Wang, Elizabeth R. Kahle, Lin Han).- Chapter 6. Computational Modelling for Managing Pathways to Cartilage Failure (Saeed Miramini, David W. Smith, Bruce S. Gardiner, Lihai Zhang).- Chapter 7. Gene Delivery to Chondrocytes (Christopher V. Nagelli, Christopher H. Evans, Rodolfo E. De la Vega).- Chapter 8. Mechanical Articular Cartilage Injury Models and Their Relevance in Advancing Therapeutic Strategies (Bodo Kurz, Melanie L Hart, Bernd Rolauffs).- Chapter 9. Hip Osteoarthritis: Bench to Bedside Perspective (Young-Jo Kim).- Chapter 10. Harnessing Growth Factor Interactions to Optimize Articular Cartilage Repair (Stephen B. Trippel).- Personal Tributes.- Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book discusses the theory and practice of teaching biostatistics to students in the life sciences, in particular medical and dental trainees and researchers, as well as its crucial importance to biomedical research and evidence-based health care. Specific tools and resources to biostatistics teaching (e.g., “R shiny”) are described, and how they can be used effectively to increase interaction with students and improve engagement with the subject. The book is structured into three parts: teaching and learning of statistics in medicine and allied health sciences; the move to online learning and online learning methods, especially in light of the impact of COVID-19; and computer tools and resources. It provides a unique insight into teaching biostatistics to medical and dental students from some of the most prominent biostatisticians who also have a very strong interest in biostatistics pedagogy. Biostatistics teaching is important for maintaining the quality of biomedical research and also in evidence-based medicine, both of which are key to the health and well-being of the world population. This book is particularly useful to readers who are new to the field of biostatistics teaching as well as to more experienced teachers as it presents the latest accounts of the teaching and learning of biostatistics, recent experiences of increased use of online teaching, and useful computer resources and tools for teaching biostatistics.Table of Contents1. A Survey of Biostatistics Teaching in Medicine and Dentistry in Higher Education in the UK2. Evidence-based practice teaching for undergraduate dental students3. Teaching Medical Statistics within the context of Evidence Based Medicine4. Teaching Null Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST) in the Health Sciences: The Significance of Significance5. Teaching conceptual understanding of p-values and of confidence intervals, whilst steering away from common misinterpretations 6. Using directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) to represent the data generating mechanisms of disease and healthcare pathways: a guide for educators, students, practitioners and researchers7. Statistics without maths: using Random Sampling to teach Hypothesis Testing.8. COVID-19: Online not distant – MSc students’ feedback on an alternative approach to teaching ‘Research Methods and Introduction to Statistics’ at UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology.9. Common misconceptions of online statistics teaching 10. Authentic project-based assessment using the Islands: Instructor’s view. 11. An interactive application demonstrating frequentist and Bayesian inferential frame-works12. Teaching data analysis to life scientists using “R” statistical software: challenges, opportunities, and effective methods13. Statistics in a world without science14. Killing me softly with your stats teaching: How much stats is too much stats?15. Life as a medical statistician.

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Book SynopsisThis book helps nursing students increase the quality of their clinical reasoning and therefore the quality of care. It teaches students to recognize when clinical reasoning is needed, and what reasoning is involved, and to avoid reasoning errors. This is important for nurses, since good quality of their clinical reasoning leads to a good quality of their decisions. Thus, it is directly connected to better nursing care. This volume is based on current knowledge about learning complex cognitive skills. From this knowledge, four sets of standard questions have been formulated that allow students to develop cognitive scripts for reasoning about diagnosis, etiology, prognosis, and interventions. Special attention is payed to diversity-sensitive reasoning in this English edition. From the 4C/ID model, a scientific educational whole task model for learning and developing and complex cognitive skills, complexity levels, learning tasks and subtask exercises are included. Learning clinical reasoning is supported with case videos and flash lectures, among other things. It consists of three parts: the first part, on clinical reasoning, is written for first- and second-year bachelor students in nursing. Part two, on evidence-based practice (EBP), is also suitable for later years. It teaches students to read and critically appraise scientific articles, and to assess whether they can be used in their own practice. Part three contains more in-depth information, extra explanations, examples, and material that teachers can use in a flexible way. This book is illustrated with videos.The translation from Dutch to English was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). The authors have subsequently revised the text further in an endeavour to refine the work stylistically.Table of ContentsPart 1 Clinical reasoning1. Background knowledge 2. Decision on diagnosis: what is the problem?3. Decision on etiology: what caused the problem?4. Decision on prognosis: what can be achieved?5. Decision on therapy: what can we do about the problem?Part 2 Evidence-based practice6. Clinical reasoning and evidence-based practice7. What is the problem: how to appraise scientific articles on diagnostic tests?8. What caused the problem: how to appraise scientific articles on etiological factors?9. What can be achieved: how to appraise scientific articles on prognostic research?10. What can we do about the problem: how to appraise scientific articles on interventions?11. How to reach a better understanding of the patients' perspective: reading and appraising qualitative researchPart 3 Extra's12. this part is one chapter with many short paragraphs related to, and deepening the content related to the previous chapters. E.g. clinical examples and elaborations.13. Education about clinical reasoning and evidence-based practice.

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Book SynopsisThis open-access textbook is an excellent introduction to systems biology, which has developed rapidly in recent years. It discusses the processes in living organisms in an integrated way, enabling the reader to understand the fundamental principles and cause-effect relationships in biology and biochemistry. The authors have chosen an original but at the same time clear way of presenting the topics, repeatedly drawing comparisons and models from the macroscopic world and making the reader aware of the unity of the laws of physics, chemistry and biology. The fully updated 2nd edition also contains information that has only become available as a result of the increase in knowledge in recent years. This includes information on tumorigenesis, where significant progress has been made due to the explosive development of genetic knowledge as well as bioengineering with a highly effective technique adopted from the solutions of the bacterial world, such as CRISPR/CAS. This richly illustrated book is essential for postgraduate students and scientists of the following disciplines: biology, biotechnology, medicine, bioinformatics, robotics and automation, biocybernetics, and biomedical engineering. It is also an exciting read for anyone interested in biology. Table of ContentsSee attachments

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Book SynopsisChapter 1. The Changing Employment Distribution of Life Science Doctorates.- Part I. Science and Education Policy.- Chapter 2. A Long and Winding Road: Reflections on a Career in Science Policy.- Chapter 3. From the Lab Bench to the Capital: My Career Evolution from Biologist to Government Relations Professional.- Chapter 4. Don't Do what I Did: A Circuitous Career from Science to Science Policy and Beyond.- Chapter 5. STEM Society Education Director: Finding the Job I Never Knew Existed.- Chapter 6. A Career Detour: Transforming Institutions and Organizations to Support an Inclusive STEMM Ecosystem.- Chapter 7. Leadership in Inclusive Science Education and Training:  Who Are We, and How Did We Get Here?.- Chapter 8. Scientific Societies: Working for Science, but Not on Science.- Part II. Tech Transfer and Commercialization.- Chapter 9. My Path to Technology Transfer.- Chapter 10. From Academic Bioscience to Patent Law.- Chapter 11. My Journey into Academic Tech Transfer.- Chapter 12. A Biologist's Path to a Career in Finance.- Part III. Research Administration.- Chapter 13. Beyond the Bench:  A Career in Scientific Research Administration.- Chapter 14. My Career in Science Administration.- Chapter 15. The Unplanned Journey: From the Bench to University Leadership to Biotech Company CEO.- Chapter 16. Leaving the Lab, Staying in Academia: University Research Administration.- Chapter 17. The Critical Role of Grants Facilitation for Supporting Individual and Team Science.- Part IV. Teaching.- Chapter 18. Finding my Dream Job with Undergrads after Only Three Decades of Searching: The Art of Changing Careers in Science.- Chapter 19. A Compass to Academic Success: Charting an Educational Career Path at a Large Research University.- Chapter 20. Why I Left a PhD Program in Wildlife Biology and Became a Teacher.- Chapter 21. My Career Path to Teaching High School Biology.- Chapter 22. Driving without a License Career Advice from a Non-PhD Scientist.- Part V. Publishing, Editing, and Writing.- Chapter 23. A Publishing Career.- Chapter 24. The Accidental Profession: A Career in Life Sciences Publishing.- Chapter 25. Scholarly Publishing as a Career Path for the Scientist.- Chapter 26. A Rewarding and Fulfilling Career in Publishing: Working Alongside Academics to Publish the Highest Standards of Research.- Chapter 27. From Postdoc to Communications Director: Exploring Science Communications.- Chapter 28. From Field to Forum: A Journey of Transformation from College Athlete to Science Communicator.- Chapter 29. Finding Your Footing in Science Writing.- Part VI. Research.- Chapter 30. I did it My Way: From Medicine to the Lab and Beyond.- Chapter 31. The Long and Winding Road: From Rural Oklahoma to the Birthplace of Biotech.- Chapter 32. Navigating the Transition from Academia: Advice from an Industry Postdoctoral Scientist.- Chapter 33. How to Transition from Academia to Biotech (A Personal Perspective).- Chapter 34. Clinical Research: Bringing Discoveries from the Lab to the Clinic.

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Book Synopsis.- Cooking, Eating, Tasting..- The Tongue, Chewing and Tasting..- The Five Basic Tastes..- The Nose and Smelling..- Adaptation, Cross-Adaptation and Masking of Odours..- Feeling in the Nose, Mouth and Throat..- Psychology of Tasting and Eating.

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Book SynopsisPart I Basic research on effects of exercise on physiological systems and health.- Foundations of exercise and physical activity research.- Applied physical activity epidemiology Relationship of physical activity and exercise exposures with health outcomes.- Multiple sex and circuit-specific mechanisms underlie exercise-induced stress resistance.- Exercise and neuroendocrinology.- Part II Exercise and laboratory studies of mood and cognition.- Exercise and acute cognitive enhancement.- Exercise and acute affect.- Exercise and fear and safety learning.- Exercise and memory.- Part III Exercise and clinical symptoms and treatment.- Exercise for the prevention and treatment of depression.- Exercise and smoking cessation.- Exercise and anxiety.- Adaptive and maladaptive exercise in eating disorders.-  Exercise and ptsd.- Exercise and protection from age-related cognitive decline.- Physical activity and fatigue symptoms Neurotypical adults and people with chronic multisymptom illnesses.- Influence of regular physical activity on sleep.- Exercise training for chronic pain Available evidence, current recommendations, & potential mechanisms.- Exercise and schizophrenia.- The placebo effect in exercise and mental health research.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1. Bioinspired green biomaterials for advanced therapeutics, diagnostics and biosensors.- Chapter 2. Sustainable nanocomposites with green biomaterials: Synthesis, properties, and applications.- Chapter 3. Biomaterials for Tissue Engineered Cartilage Product for Orthopedic  (osteoarthritis) Reconstruction .- Chapter 4. Bioresorbable Polymeric Scaffold: Advancing minimally invasive surgical procedure for Cardiovascular and its applications.- Chapter 5. Plant-derived biomaterial and their use in cardiac tissue repair.- Chapter 6. Conductive Polymers and Hydrogels for Brain-Computer Interfaces.- Chapter 7. Green biopolymers as carriers for innovative drug delivery.- Chapter 8. Selective bioadsorption of gold and platinum by varying the amount of dead biomass of aspergillus niger in binary aqueous systems.- Chapter 9. Terpenes: Nature's Plasticizers for Sustainable Biopolymer Enhancement.- Chapter 10. Tailore-made sustainable nanocomposites for injection moulding and fused granulate fabrication.- Chapter 11. Advancing Eco-Friendly Biomedicine: Sustainable Nanocomposites as Platforms for Genetic Vaccines.- Chapter 12. Biodegradable materials for customized medical devices improve personalized medicine.- Chapter 13. Antimicrobial Biomaterial for Dental Healthcare Application.- Chapter 14. Recent Trends in Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Bridging the Gap Between Bench and Bedside.- Chapter 15. Attractive potential of alginate-based oil-in-water emulsion Liquid Marbles for the promising carrier of the controlled release of limonene.- Chapter 16. Suitability of 3D-printed cellulose-based polymer materials for electrical insulation applications.- Chapter 17. Advances in Green Biomaterials for Biomedical Implants and Tissue Engineering.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1. Letter from the Editors: Sustainable Biopolymers and Composites for Biomedical Applications.- Chapter 2. Current Trends in Sustainable Biopolymers for Biomedical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Applications.- Chapter 3. Green Synthesis of Sustainable Materials from Biomass for Bioengineering.- Chapter 4. Sustainable Materials for Tissue Engineering. - Chapter 5. Advancements in Lignin-Based Binders in Medical Application: From Extraction to Applications.- Chapter 6. Polysaccharide-Based Encapsulation of Active Ingredients for Biomedical Applications: From Macroscale to Nanoscale.- Chapter 7. Lignin Chemistry and Functionalization for Potential Medical Applications.- Chapter 8. Lignin as an Emerging Sustainable Biosensing Platform for Medical Applications.- Chapter 9. Lignin Composites for Biomedical Applications.- Chapter 10. Lignin Hybrid Materials and Blends for Biomedical Applications – A life cycle analysis.- Chapter 11. Lignin Based Nanomaterials for Potential Biomedical Applications.- Chapter 12. Lignin Based Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications.- Chapter 13. Lignin as a Drug Encapsulant.- Chapter 14. Lignin-based Hydrogels for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications.- Chapter 15. Sustainable carbon fibres and Piezoelectric Sensors for Possible Integration in Future Biomedical Devices.- Chapter 16. Three-Dimensional Printing of Lignin-Based Materials.- Chapter 17. Lignin Based Energy Materials for Biomedical Applications.- Chapter 18. Bioinspired Corona Nanomaterials for Point-of-care Testing Sensors and Drug Delivery Systems.- Chapter 19. Sustainable Marine-based Biopolymers and Biocomposites for Advanced Biomedical Applications.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a detailed analysis of human movement, building from simple physical models to more complex analyses and biomechanical models, including forces internal to the body. The book integrates principles of Physics with the functioning of the nervous and musculoskeletal systems to understand how movement in general, and dance movements specifically, can be executed to enhance performance and reduce injury risk.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides an introduction to the principles of both cardiovascular epidemiology and molecular pathophysiology; as a unique aspect, it also outlines and discusses the molecular concepts underlying epidemiological observations. This third volume is focused on the most common “cardiovascular events” to provide an overview on pathogenesis and clinical aspects. The book promotes the use of interdisciplinary approaches in the field of preventive medicine based on recent advances in molecular and cellular pathophysiology. The book offers a valuable resource for researchers in basic biomedical fields and clinical scientists alike, as well as guidelines for novel avenues of research in both basic pathophysiology and cardiovascular therapy and prevention.Table of ContentsIschemic heart disease.- Stroke.- Heart Failure.- Cardiac arrhythmias.- Pulmonary hypertension.- Peripheral artery disease.- Venous Thromboembolism.- Abdominar aortic aneurism.​

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Book SynopsisThis volume is intended for neuropharmacologists, psychopharmacologists, pharmacologists, pharmacists, sleep researchers, translational neuroscience researchers, and other basic researchers and clinical scientists interested in an interdisciplinary approach to sleep medicine. The level of the book is aiming at CNS researchers, drug development scientists, basic and clinical sleep researchers, as well as senior medical students and fellows in psychiatry and neurology. Orexin and Sleep provides a unique resource, giving a comprehensive and highly readable summary of the basic concepts in orexin biology and pharmacology along with clinical applications in sleep medicine in general, and narcolepsy in particular.Trade Review“This is an up-to-date look at these hypothalamic neuropeptides and how we have come to understand their wide range of neuroregulatory roles. … This is highly technical book that reviews in detail the research that has led to the discovery and understanding of the orexin neuropeptides and their role in a wide range of neuromodulatory systems. … provide some insights into how manipulation of this system may result in therapeutic interventions for a number of neurological and psychiatric conditions.” (Michael Easton, Doody’s Book Reviews, February, 2016)Table of ContentsHistory of Orexin Research.- The Hypocretin Story.- Input and output systems of orexin neurons.- Physiological roles of orexin receptors on sleep/wakefulness regulation.- Orexin receptor functions in the ascending arousal system (Folder name - Leonard).- Elucidation of neuronal circuitry involved in the regulation of sleep/wakefulness using optogenetics (Folder name - Yamanaka).- Modulation of thalamocortical pathways by orexins.- Orexins, Alcohol and Sleep Homeostasis.- Orexin induced modulation of REM sleep and its loss associated patho-physiological changes are mediated through locus coeruleus.- Role of orexin on sleep: interactions with other neurotransmitter systems.

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Book SynopsisThe aim of these lecture notes is to give an introduction to several mathematical models and methods that can be used to describe the behaviour of living systems. This emerging field of application intrinsically requires the handling of phenomena occurring at different spatial scales and hence the use of multiscale methods.Modelling and simulating the mechanisms that cells use to move, self-organise and develop in tissues is not only fundamental to an understanding of embryonic development, but is also relevant in tissue engineering and in other environmental and industrial processes involving the growth and homeostasis of biological systems. Growth and organization processes are also important in many tissue degeneration and regeneration processes, such as tumour growth, tissue vascularization, heart and muscle functionality, and cardio-vascular diseases.Table of ContentsPreface.- Cell-based, continuum and hybrid models of tissue dynamics.- The Diffusion Limit of Transport Equations in Biology.- Mathematical Models of the Interaction of Cells and Cell Aggregates with the Extracellular Matrix.- Mathematical modeling of morphogenesis in living materials.- Multiscale computational modelling and analysis of cancer invasion.

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Book SynopsisThis book discusses in detail various serological tests that are used to identify medical conditions and diseases, from a general overview of each test to the equipment and steps needed to carry them out. The book is aimed specifically at immunology students and professionals who may occasionally need to use these tests, and thus lack training and experience in performing them. The book provides a brief overview of the immune system, including antibodies, antigens, and their interactions. The bulk of the book is comprised of 16 chapters that each explain different serological tests. These chapters start with a general introduction of the test or disease being detected, followed by the test principle, reagents required for the test, procedures and steps to perform the test, and, finally, result interpretation. Both test principles and result interpretation segments include illustrations to aid comprehension. In addition, the book also enables the reader to distinguish between positive and negative results in serological testing.Table of ContentsForeword.- Preface.- Acknowledgements.- Introduction to the Immune System.- Antibody and antigen interaction.- Precipitation and Agglutination Reactions.- Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) Test.- Treponema pallidum heamagglutination (TPHA) Test.- Stained Brucella suspensions.- Rheumatoid Factor (RF).- Suspension Anti-streptolysin-O (ASO/ASL) Test.- C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Latex Agglutination Test.- Complement fixation Test (CFT).- Radioimmunoassay (RIA).- Enzyme-immunoassay (EIAs) and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA).- Pregnancy Test.- Radial immunodiffusion (RID).- Immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE).- Immunofluorescence assay (IF).

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Die Hauptmerkmale der Vögel.- 2. Vom Vogelnest.- Wie die Vögel schlafen. Verschiedene Nistweisen. Nestbau und Brutgewohnheiten. Gelege und Eiablage..- 3. Die Brut.- 4. Über Nesttreue, Lahmstellen, Nest-Irrungen.- 5. Kennt der Vogel seine Eier ?.- 6. Erkennt der Vogel seine Jungen?.- 7. Wer füttert und führt die Jungen ?.- 8. Hängt die Brutdauer von der Größe des Vogels ab ?.- 9. Hängt die Eigröße von der Größe des Vogels ab ?.- 10. Vögel, die in fremde Nester legen.- Das Kuckucksei. Der junge Kuckuck und seine Pflegeeltern..- 11. Vogelmischlinge und -zwitter.- 12. Paarbildung und Ehe.- Ehigkeit. Ortsehe. Zeitehe. Dauerehe. Keinehigkeit. Balz..- Beispiele: Gans, Stockente, Tauben (Kropfmilch)..- 13. Über das Ei und das Wachstum der Jungen.- Schalendicke. Dotter und Eiweiß. Kükendotter. Wachstums-geschwindigkeit der Jungen. Nahrungsverbrauch. Feder-wachstum..- 14. Der Federwechsel (die Mauser).- Gleichzeitiger und allmählicher Wechsel der Schwung- und Schwanzfedern. Mauserzeit. Jugendmauser..- 15. Farbenmuster und Umfärbung.- Federfarbstoffe. Strukturfarben. Abnutzung. Federscharten. Ausblassen. Zustandekommen des Zeichnungsmusters. Verschiedenheit nach Alter und Geschlecht. Hahnenfiedrigkeit, Daunenfarbe. Tonerzeugende Federn..- 16. Gefiederpflege.- Einfetten. Einpudern. Baden. Kratzen. Schütteln. Sich strecken..- 17. Ernährungsweise der Vögel.- Zerkleinerung der Nahrung. Kropf. Blinddärme. Fleisch- und Pflanzenfresser. Gewölle..- 18. Verständigungsweisen der Vögel.- Stimmlaute und ihre Bedeutung (Huhn, Gans, Enten). Stimmerzeugung. Einzel- und Siedlungsbrüter. Ausdrucksbewegungen. Gesang. Tonnachahmung (Spotten, Sprechen)..- 19. Die Sinneswerkzeuge der Vögel.- Geruch. Geschmack. Tastgefühl. Gesichtssinn. Gehör. Verhalten bei Wärme und Kälte..- 20. Bewegungsweisen.- Laufen.- Klettern.- Fliegen.- Bau der Flügel und Flugfedern. Flugweisen. Fluggeschwindigkeit..- Schwimmen und Tauchen.- Spezifisches Gewicht, Schwimmweisen, Tauchleistungen..- 21. Die geistigen Fähigkeiten.- „Klugheit“ und „Dummheit“. Triebhandlungen. Selbst-dressur..- 22. Wie findet sich ein Vogel zurecht ?.- Nahorientierung. Wiederfinden der Brut- und Winterheimat. Verfrachtungsversuche..- Verzeichnis der wissenschaftlichen Namen, zugleich Seitenweiser.

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Book SynopsisThis book is an introduction to biophilosophy, written primarily for the student of biology, the practicing biologist, and the educated layperson. It does not presuppose technical knowledge in biology or philosophy. However, it requires a willingness to examine the most basic foundations of biology which are so often taken for granted. Furthermore, it points to the bottomlessness of these foundations, the mystery of life, the Unnamable .,. I have tried to further the awareness that biological statements are based on philosophical assumptions which are present in our minds even before we enter the laboratory. These assumptions, which often harbor strong commitments, are exposed throughout the book. I have tried to show how they influence concrete biolog­ ical research as well as our personal existence and society. Thus, emphasis is placed on the connection between biophilosophy and biological research on the one hand, and biophilosophy and the human condition on the other.Table of Contents- On the importance of Biophilosophy; Definitions.- 1 Theories and Hypotheses.- 1.1 Introduction - Questions and problems.- 1.2 The Aim of Science - General and singular propositions. Theories, laws, rules, hypotheses, auxiliary hypotheses, ad hoc hypotheses, working hypotheses, models, facts.- 1.3 Scientific Methodology or How We Gain Scientific Knowledge.- 1.3.1 General Considerations - Importance of methodology. Laboratory methodology.- 1.3.2 Induction and the Hypothetico-deductive Method.- 1.3.3 Validation of Hypotheses, or: Is Certainty Attainable?.- 1.3.3.1 The First Postulate of Validation - Hypotheses may be proved (justificationism). Criticism.- 1.3.3.2 The Second Postulate of Validation - Hypotheses cannot be proved, but may be disproved (falsified) (falsificationism). Criticism.- 1.3.3.3 The Third Postulate of Validation - Hypotheses can neither be proved, nor disproved; they may only be either confirmed or disconfirmed. Internal and external factors of science.- 1.3.4 A Systems Model of Scientific Methodology (Laszlo’s Model) - Empirical input, ideals (values) of science, and the relation of resistance factors to innovation. Irrationally in science. Demarcation of science.- 1.4 Is Scientific Progress Possible? - Incommensurability. Progress within paradigms. Coexistence of schools of thought. Unity of science. Complementarity and perspectivism.- 1.5 The Semantic View of Theories.- 1.6 Conclusions.- 1.7 Summary.- 2 Laws, Explanation, Prediction, and Understanding.- 2.1 Laws - Definition. Deterministic and probalistic laws. Accidental generalizations. Process and coexistence laws. Law and order versus chaos: is nature lawful?.- 2.2 Explanation - Two basic requirements for scientific explanation. Deductive-nomological explanation. Probabilistic explanation. Covering-law model of explanation versus narrative explanation. Other notions of explanation.- 2.3 Prediction - Characterization. Comparison of prediction and explanation. Predictive power and its limitations.- 2.4 Understanding - Understanding and explanation.- 2.5 Summary.- 3 Facts.- 3.1 Introduction - Facts as singular propositions.- 3.2 First Definition of ‘Fact’ : A proposition of a real particularity. Criticism of naive realism.- 3.3 Second Definition of ‘Fact’ : A proposition of an objective datum of perception. Perceiving and sensing. Primary realm. Culture- and theory-dependence of facts.- 3.4 Objectivity - Two definitions. Relativity and culture-dependence of objectivity. States of consciousness.- 3.5 Facts and Reality - ‘Datum’ (‘donné’),‘observation’, ‘factum’ (‘fait’; ‘Tatsache’). Absolute and moderate relativism. Criticism of absolute relativism. Patterned continuum.- 3.6 Experience - Perceiving, sensing, and experience as being (Zen).- 3.7 Summary.- 4 Concepts and Classification.- 4.1 Concepts.- 4.1.1 Introduction - Concepts as abstractions. Abstraction as selection. Examples.- 4.1.2 Nominalism Versus Realism - Controversy over universals.- 4.1.3 Degree of Adequacy of Concepts - Woodger’s map analogy. Restriction of map analogy. Examples. Complementarity.- 4.1.4 Limits of Concepts - Intension and extension of concepts. Meaninglessness. Example.- 4.1.5 Classification of Concepts - Qualitative, comparative, and quantitative concepts. Individual, class, relation, and quantitative concepts.- 4.1.6 Term, Concept, and Reality - Three level scheme.- 4.1.7 Definition - Importance of definition. Primitive terms.- 4.1.8 Operationism - Advantages and disadvantages.- 4.1.9 Are There Biological Kinds of Concepts? - Historical, functional, and polytypic (= polythetic) concepts. Significance of polytypic concepts. Fuzzy sets. Injunction. Types as injunctions.- 4.1.10 Fundamental Conclusions and Consequences - Fragmentation and wholeness (unity).- 4.2 Classification.- 4.2.1 Classes - Definitions of taxonomy and systematics. Class concepts. Species concepts. The biological species as an individual.- 4.2.2 Systems of Classification - Three steps in the construction of systems. Sameness. Qualitative, comparative (= semiquantitative) and quantitative homology. Weighting of characters. Phenetic versus phylogenetic systems. Are there natural systems? Complementarity. Hierarchical systems versus nets. Classifying versus ordering. Social and existential relevancy of classification and order.- 4.3 Summary.- 5 Comparative Plant Morphology: A Biophilosophical Case Study - An illustration and discussion of the major concepts dealt with in Chapters 1 to 4.- 6 Causality, Determinism, and Free Will.- 6.1 Causality.- 6.1.1 Introduction - Controversy over causality. Plato, Aristotle, Hume, Kant, Comte, Russell, Wittgentein, Collingwood, and Bunge on causality.- 6.1.2 Linear Causality - Causal chains, simple and branched (= hierarchical).- 6.1.3 Circular Causality - Feedback loops.- 6.1.4 Network Causality - Linear and circular causality as special cases of network causality. Network thinking. Wholeness.- 6.1.5 Mohr’s Model of Factor Analysis - Relation of causal analysis and factor analysis. Examples.- 6.1.6 Consequences of Network Thinking - Integration and systems thinking in science, society and our personal life. Relation of “cause” and “guilt”. Fire-walkers and kavadi bearers.- 6.1.7 Network Thinking in Medicine - Cancer; Myopia.- 6.2 Causalism - Two formulations of the principle of causality. Spontaneity and chance.- 6.3 Determinism - Definition. Indeterminism s. str. Methodological and ontological interpretations of Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. Determinism s. lat. Four types of determination. Indeterminism s. lat. Order and chaos.- 6.4 Free Will - Rejection of free will. Defense of free will through scientific argumentation or existential experience (Jaspers).- 6.5 Beyond Free Will - Schrödinger’s mystical solution of the apparent contradiction between determination and the experience of free will.- 6.6 Summary.- 7 Teleology.- 7.1 Introduction - Purpose and function. Semantic confusion and complexity of phenomena.- 7.2 Terminology - Four definitions of teleology. Teleonomy. External and internal teleology. Teleology of unique events. Purposiveness. Six definitions of function. Adapted systems. Finality.- 7.3 Goal-intendedness - Mohr’s model of human teleology. Relaxations of Mohr’s model applied to animals and plants. Degrees of consciousness. Do plants have emotions and consciousness?.- 7.4 Goal-directedness - Genetic “programs” are open. Cybernetics and its application to ontogeny and phylogeny. Integration.- 7.5 Function - Two meanings of function and their consequences: function as necessary for survival, and function as any activity that relates to the system. Functionality as complementary to causality. Network functionality and network causality. Linear functionality and linear causality. Can functional statements be reduced to causal ones? Integration and function.- 7.6 Teleology and Reality - Adequacy of teleological and teleonomic concepts. No ends and no purpose in nature. Functions as an aspect of nature, but not inherently natural. No-purpose. Going nowhere.- 7.7 Summary.- 8 Evolution and Change.- 8.1 Introduction - Basic kinds of questions in biology.- 8.2 Universality of Change - Everything flows. Slow and rapid changes. Catastrophes. Change of laws. Dynamism in other cultures.- 8.3 Historicity - Problems of historical science: prediction, explanation, and uniqueness.- 8.4 Evolution and Progress - Definitions of “evolution” and “progress”. Criticism of the idea of general progress and superiority.- 8.5 Modern Evolutionary Theory.- 8.5.1 Three Aspects of Evolutionary Theory.- 8.5.2 Chance and Necessity - External and internal selection. Systems theory of evolution.- 8.5.3 The Status of Evolutionary Theory and Tautology.- 8.6 Evolutionary Epistemology - Seven problems and Riedl’s solutions. Criticism of Riedl’s assumptions, postulates, and basic concepts. Merits of evolutionary epistemology.- 8.7 Evolutionary Theory and Human Values - Feedback between science and human values. Values underlying Darwinism, neo-Darwinism, and sociobiology. Alternative values. Pluralism. Deconstruction.- 8.8 Summary.- 9 What is Life?.- 9.1 Introduction - Ways of defining life.- 9.2 Vitalism - Animism. Vital principle. H. Driesch. Four criticism of vitalism.- 9.3 Mechanism - Four meanings of mechanism.- 9.4 Reductionism - Two kinds of mechanism in reductionist terms. Three kinds of reduction: ontological, epistemological and methodological. Emergence. No-thingness. Derivability and connectability. Replacement instead of reduction. Perspectivism. Compositionism.- 9.5 Machine Theory of Life - Two meanings. The computational metaphor.- 9.6 Organicism - Organizing relations. Directiveness. Historicity. Autonomy of biological theory.- 9.7 What is Life? - Monotypic, polytypic, and “fuzzy” definitions. Limitations of definitions. Life as direct experience. Oneness.- 9.8 The Mind-Body Problem - Statement of the problem. Several different approaches.- 9.9 Summary.- 10 World Hypotheses (World Views) and Truth.- 10.1 Introduction - The relevance of world hypotheses (world views).- 10.2 Pepper’s Seven World Hypotheses.- 10.2.1 Formism.- 10.2.2 Mechanism.- 10.2.3 Contextualism.- 10.2.4 Organicism.- 10.2.5 Modern Biology in Relation to the Above Four World Hypotheses.- 10.2.6 The Generating-substance Hypothesis.- 10.2.7 Animism.- 10.2.8 Mysticism.- 10.3 Truth.- 10.4 Summary.- Epilogue: On the Importance of Living.- References.

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Book SynopsisAs a reflection of the quantum leap that has been made in the study of glycostructures, the first edition of this book has been completely revised and updated. The editors give up-to-date information on glycostructures, their chemistry and chemical biology in the form of a completely comprehensive survey. Glycostructures play highly diverse and crucial roles in a myriad of organisms and important systems in biology, physiology, medicine, bioengineering and technology. Only in recent years have the tools been developed to partly understand the highly complex functions and the chemistry behind them. While many facts remain undiscovered, this MRW has been contributed to by a large number of the world’s leading researchers in the field.Table of Contents1 General Principles.- 1.1 Structure and Conformation of Carbohydrates.- 1.2 General Occurance and Properties of Carbohydrates.- 2 General Synthetic Methods.- 2.1 Reactions at Oxygen Atoms.- 2.2 Oxidation, Reduction and Deoxygenation.- 2.3 Heteroatom Exchange.- 2.4 Anhydrosugars.- 2.5 C-C Bond Formation.- 2.6 C=C Bond Formation.- 2.7 Degradations and Rearrangement Reactions.- 3 Chemical Glycosylation Reactions.- 3.1 Introduction to Glycosylation Reactions.- 3.2 Glycosyl Halides.- 3.3 Glycosyl Trichloroacid Imidates.- 3.4 Other Anomeric Esters.- 3.5 O-Glycosyl Donors.- 3.6 S-Glycosylation.- 3.7 Glycal Derivatives.- 3.8 Anomeric Anhydro Sugars.- 3.9 C-Glycosylation.- 4 Monosaccharides.- 4.1 Occurance, Significance and Properties.- 4.2 Monosaccharides and Polyols in Foods.- 4.3 De Novo Synthesis of Monosaccharides.- 4.4 Monosaccharides as Chiral Pools for the Synthesis of Complex Natural Compounds.- 4.5 Monosaccharides as Scaffolds for the Synthesis of Novel Compounds.- 4.6 Monosaccharides as Chiral Auxiliaries and Ligands for Asymmetric Synthesis.- 4.7 Carbohydrate Metal Complexes.- 5 Oligosaccharides.- 5.1 Occurrence, Significance and Properties.- 5.2 Sucrose and Related Oligosaccharides.- 5.3 Oligosaccharides in Food and Agriculture.- 5.4 Combinatorial Methods in Oligosaccharide Synthesis.- 5.5 Solid Phase Methods.- 5.6 Stereoselective Synthesis of ß-Manno Glycoside.- 5.7 Silalylation.- 5.8 Enzymatic Glycosylation by Tranferases.- 5.9 Enzymatic Glycosylation by Hydrolases.- 6 Complex Polysaccharides.- 6.1 Occurence, Significance and Properties.- 6.2 Starch.- 6.3 Cellulose and Hemicellulose.- 6.4 Gums and Related Polysaccharides.- 6.5 Bacterial Cell Wall Components.- 6.6 Fungal Cell Wall Components.- 6.7 Structure-Activity Relationship of Glycosaminoglycans.- 7 Glycolipids.- 7.1 Occurence, Significance and Properties.- 7.2 Synthesis.- 7.3 Biosynthesis and Degradation.- 7.4 Glycosylphosphatidylinositols.- 8 Glycoproteins.- 8.1 Occurence and Significance.- 8.2 Properties.- 8.3 Synthesis and Applications of Biologically Relevant Glycopeptides and Glycoproteins.- 8.4 Glycosilylation Engineering of Glycoproteins.- 8.5 Glycoprotein Analysis.- 9 Glycomimetics.- 9.1 Azaglycomimetics: Synthesis and Chemical Biology.- 9.2 Carbasugars: Synthesis and Functions.- 9.3 Sulfur Containing Glycomimetics.- 9.4 C-Glycosyl Analogs of Oligosaccharides and Glycosyl Amino Acids.- 9.5 Non-Sugar Glycomimetics.- 10 Key Technologies and Tools for Functional Glycobiology.- 10.1 Introduction.- 10.2 Microarrays.- 10.3 Chemical Probes and Monitoring.- 10.4 Glycomics and Mass Spectrometry.- 10.5 Bioinformatical Tools.- 11 Biosynthesis and Degradation.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 Biosynthesis and Degradation of Monosaccharides.- 11.3 Biosynthesis of Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides.-11.4 Degradation of Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides.- 12 Glycomedicine.- 12.1 Novel Approaches for Glycodrug Discovery.- 12.2 Biomedicine of Monosaccharides.- 12.3 Mammalian Carbohydrate-Lectin Interactions.- 12.4 Multivalency in Protein-Carbohydrate Recognition.- 12.5 Synthesis of Heparin-Fragments.- 12.6 Biomedicine of Glycolipids and Glycosphingolipids.- 12.7 Biomedicine of Enkephalin-Derived Glycopeptide Analgesics.- 12.8 Antitumor and Antimicrobial Glycoconjugates.- 12.9 Biomedicine of Glycosylated Natural Compounds.- 12.10 Mucin-based Vaccines.- 12.11 Polysaccharide-based Vaccines

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Book SynopsisThis extensive handbook helps clinicians and physicians make a precise diagnosis as well as the right decisions for patient treatment. Up-to-date and comprehensive information for differential diagnosis is presented in a well-structured manner. The different sections describe more than 1950 conditions and around 1200 drugs. It also includes a comprehensive section on international reference values of clinical-biochemical and laboratory parameters. The detailed parameter index and an extensive list of frequently used synonyms and abbreviations enable the reader to quickly locate the information they are looking for.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "This is a very important reference text which should be in the library of every hospital department, including emergency wards and outpatients clinics. It is a concise, clearly written Vademecum, which gives quick information. Useful not only to students and house staff but also to all other personnel. … The authors, especially the Slovak team, should be congratulated for assembling such a wealth of information. Note, the book is inexpensive." (PER - Pediatric Endocrinology Reviews, Vol. 1 (3), 2004)Table of Contentsto Laboratory Medicine.- Blood — Plasma — Serum.- Acid-base Balance.- Amniotic Fluid.- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid.- Cerebrospinal Fluid.- Gastric Fluid.- Hair.- Hematology.- Pericardial Fluid.- Peritoneal Fluid.- Pleural Fluid.- Saliva.- Seminal Fluid.- Sputum.- Stool.- Sweat.- Synovial fluid.- Tears.- Urine.- Biochemical/Laboratory Findings in Clinical Units and Conditions.- Medicaments — Interfering Factors.- Reference Ranges.- English Synonymous Vocabulary.- Literature Used.- Register.

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Book SynopsisA kitchen is no different from most science laboratories and cookery may properly be regarded as an experimental science. Food preparation and cookery involve many processes which are well described by the physical sciences. Understanding the chemistry and physics of cooking should lead to improvements in performance in the kitchen. For those of us who wish to know why certain recipes work and perhaps more importantly why others fail, appreciating the underlying physical processes will inevitably help in unravelling the mysteries of the "art" of good cooking. Strong praise from the reviewers - "Will be stimulating for amateur cooks with an interest in following recipes and understanding how they work. They will find anecdotes and, sprinkled throughout the book, scientific points of information... The book is a pleasant read and is an invitation to become better acquainted with the science of cooking." - NATURE "This year, at last, we have a book which shows how a practical understanding of physics and chemistry can improve culinary performance… [Barham] first explains, in a lucid non-textbooky way, the principles behind taste, flavour and the main methods of food preparation, and then gives fool-proof basic recipes for dishes from roast leg of lab to chocolate soufflé." - FINANCIAL TIMES WEEKEND "This book is full of interesting and relevant facts that clarify the techniques of cooking that lead to the texture, taste and aroma of good cuisine. As a physicist the author introduces the importance of models in preparing food, and their modification as a result of testing (tasting)."- THE PHYSICIST "Focuses quite specifically on the physics and food chemistry of practical domestic cooking in terms of real recipes... Each chapter starts with an overview of the scientific issues relevant to that food group, e.g. toughness of meat, thickening of sauces, collapse of sponge cakes and soufflés. This is followed by actual recipes, with the purpose behind each ingredient and technique explained, and each recipe followed by a table describing some common problems, causes and solutions. Each chapter then ends with suggested experiments to illustrate some of the scientific principles exploited in the chapter." - FOOD & DRINK NEWSLETTER Trade ReviewFrom the reviews:“The Science of Cooking is organized into two distinct sections, with an introduction and ancillary material. … The helpful Glossary provides basic definitions of chemical terms that many cooks may not have encountered. … ‘Foodies’, chemists who are interested in food, and serious cooks will enjoy the spirit of this book.” (Cheryl Baldwin Frech, Journal of Chemical Education, Vol. 81 (4), April, 2004)"This year, at last, we have a book which shows how a practical understanding of physics and chemistry can improve culinary performance… [Barham] first explains, in a lucid non-textbooky way, the principles behind taste, flavour and the main methods of food preparation, and then gives fool-proof basic recipes for dishes from roast leg of lab to chocolate soufflé."- FINANCIAL TIMES WEEKEND"This book is full of interesting and relevant facts that clarify the techniques of cooking that lead to the texture, taste and aroma of good cuisine. As a physicist the author introduces the importance of models in preparing food, and their modification as a result of testing (tasting)."-THE PHYSICIST"Focuses quite specifically on the physics and food chemistry of practical domestic cooking in terms of real recipes. Industrial food technologists and process engineers will not find design equations or process flowsheets. Instead they, and those with more immediate home cooking interests, will find a clear, fascinating, informative and serviceable description of the scientific phenomena occurring during domestic cooking, and how to exploit an understanding thereof to achieve results consistently, adapt recipes confidently and adeptly rescue catastrophes. Each chapter starts with an overview of the scientific issues relevant to that food group, e.g. toughness of meat, thickening of sauces, collapse of sponge cakes and soufflés. This is followed by actual recipes, with the purpose behind each ingredient and technique explained, and each recipe followed by a table describing some common problems, causes and solutions. Each chapter then ends with suggested experiments to illustrate some of the scientific principles exploited in the chapter."-FOOD & DRINK NEWSLETTER"Will be stimulating for amateur cooks with an interest in following recipes and understanding how they work. They will find anecdotes and, sprinkled throughout the book, scientific points of information... The book is a pleasant read and is an invitation to become better acquainted with the science of cooking."-NATURE"You do not have to be a chemist or a physicist to cook a meal, any more than you need a qualification in engineering to drive a car; but in both cases, a little technical knowledge can help when things go wrong. That is the reasoning behind this odd volume that combines an explanation of the scientific principles of cooking with a down-to-earth guide to kitchen utensils, ... some experiments to try at home, and a random collection of around 40 recipes."-THE ECONOMIST"I believe that cooking is a bit like this: it is natural ability, not scientific knowledge that makes a good cook. Not withstanding, as physicists who are always asking "why is it so?," this book is full of interesting and relevant facts that clarify the techniques of cooking that lead to the texture, taste and aroma of good cuisine. As a physicist the author introduces the importance of models in preparing food, and their modification as a result of testing (tasting)" - THE PHYSICIST"…At last, we have a book which shows how a practical understanding of physics and chemistry can improve culinary performance … [Barham] first explains, in a lucid non-textbooky way, the principles behind taste, flavour and the main methods of food preparation, and then gives fool-proof basic recipes for dishes from roast leg of lab to chocolate soufflé."–Financial Times Weekend"Will be stimulating for amateur cooks with an interest in following recipes and understanding how they work. They will find anecdotes and, sprinkled throughout the book, scientific points of information...The book is a pleasant read and is an invitation to become better acquainted with the science of cooking."–NatureTable of Contents1 Introduction.- 2 Sensuous Molecules — Molecular Gastronomy.- 3 Taste and Flavour.- 4 Heating and Eating — Physical Gastronomy.- 5 Cooking methods and utensils.- 6 Meat and Poultry.- 7 Fish.- 8 Breads.- 9 Sauces.- 10 Sponge Cakes.- 11 Pastry.- 12 Soufflés.- 13 Cooking with Chocolate.- Weights and Measurements.- Glossary of Terms.

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Book Synopsis21 Theorien anerkannter Fachleute legen hier den Grundstein für die fundierte Erforschung fachdidaktischer Fragen. Die Autoren präsentieren Theorien zum erfolgreichen Lehren und Lernen, zur Erkenntnisgewinnung, zum Bewerten und zu emotionalen Aspekten des Lernens und Handelns. Sie verdeutlichen die Komponenten jeder Theorie: Wie erreiche ich Ziele. Welche Faktoren muss ich kontrollieren während ich eine Untersuchung plane. Wie kann ich die Folgen einer bestimmten Handlung abschätzen. Wie erkläre ich Ergebnisse. Der schnelle Überblick für alle Forschungswilligen. Optimal vorbereitet für Examensarbeit und den Einstieg in die Dissertation.Table of ContentsEs gibt nichts Praktischeres als eine gute Theorie.- Es gibt nichts Praktischeres als eine gute Theorie.- Theorien zu Motivation, Interesse und Einstellung.- Theorie des Interesses und des Nicht-Interesses.- Einstellungen im Kontext Biologieunterricht.- Die Theorie des geplanten Verhaltens.- Das sozial-kognitive Prozessmodell gesundheitlichen Handelns.- Vom Motiv zur Handlung — Ein Handlungsmodell für den Umweltbereich.- Theorien zum Lernen.- Moderater Konstruktivismus.- Die Conceptual Change-Theorie.- Didaktische Rekonstruktion — eine praktische Theorie.- Theorie des erfahrungsbasierten Verstehens.- Intuitive Vorstellungen bei Denk- und Lernprozessen: Der Ansatz „Alltagsphantasien“.- Theoretische Ansätze zur Metakognition.- Lernstrategien, Lernorientierungen, Lern(er)typen.- Multimedia-Lernen und Cognitive Load.- Das Contextual Model of Learning — ein Theorierahmen zur Erfassung von Lernprozessen in Museen.- Theorien zur Erkenntnisgewinnung.- Erkenntnisgewinnung als wissenschaftliches Problemlösen.- Das Scientific Discovery as Dual Search-Modell.- Theorien zum Bewerten.- Theorien zur Entwicklung und Förderung moralischer Urteilsfähigkeit.- Bewertungskompetenz für systematisches Entscheiden in komplexen Gestaltungssituationen Nachhaltiger Entwicklung.- Einstellungen und Werte im empirischen Konstrukt des jugendlichen Natur- und Umweltschutzbewusstseins.- Theorien zum Lehren.- Theorien und Methoden der Expertiseforschung in biologiedidaktischen Studien.- Unterrichtsqualität als Forschungsfeld für empirische biologiedidaktische Studien.

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Book Synopsis Vertiefung der „Kurzgefassten Statistik" von Jürgen Bortz Auch ohne mathematische Vorkenntnisse verständlich Mit 47 Signifikanztafeln Table of Contents1. Wahrscheinlichkeitslehre.- 2. Beobachtungen, Hypothesen und Tests.- 3. Datenerhebung und Datenaufbereitung.- 4. Verteilungsfreie und parametrische Tests.- 5. Analyse von Häufigkeiten.- 6. Analyse von Rangdaten.- 7. Analyse von Meßwerten.- 8. Zusammenhangsmaße und Regression.- 9. Urteilerübereinstimmung.- 10. Verteilungsfreie Sequenzanalyse.- 11. Abfolgen und Zeitreihen.- Anhang (47 Signifikanzfafeln).

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Book SynopsisVielfach genutzt für die Verarbeitung von Daten in Tabellenform, war Excel bisher für statistische Analysen weniger geeignet. Seit 2009 kann mit dem Add-In RExcel die Statistiksoftware R eingebunden werden. Der Band bietet die erste Einführung auf Deutsch zur Benutzung der RExcel-Oberfläche. Anhand eines Beispieldatensatzes aus der Herz-Kreislaufforschung werden Deskriptive Statistik, Korrelation und Regression, statistische Tests, Überlebenszeitanalyse sowie Fallzahlplanung nachvollziehbar dargestellt. Mit Schritt-für Schritt-Anleitungen und Tipps.Table of ContentsAllgemeine Information.- RExcel starten und beenden.- Datenverwaltung mit Excel und RExcel.- Datenmanagement in Excel bzw. R-Commander.- Vorbemerkungen und Informationen zur statistischen Analyse medizinischer Daten.- Deskriptive Statistik.- Zusammenhang von Variablen.- Statistische Tests für unabhängige Beobachtungen.- Statistische Tests für abhängige Beobachtungen.- Einstichprobentests und Konfidenzintervalle.- Überlebenszeitanalyse.- Fallzahlberechnungen.- Anhang.- Stichwortverzeichnis.

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Book SynopsisA kitchen is no different from most science laboratories and cookery may properly be regarded as an experimental science. Food preparation and cookery involve many processes which are well described by the physical sciences. Understanding the chemistry and physics of cooking should lead to improvements in performance in the kitchen. For those of us who wish to know why certain recipes work and perhaps more importantly why others fail, appreciating the underlying physical processes will inevitably help in unravelling the mysteries of the "art" of good cooking. Strong praise from the reviewers - "Will be stimulating for amateur cooks with an interest in following recipes and understanding how they work. They will find anecdotes and, sprinkled throughout the book, scientific points of information... The book is a pleasant read and is an invitation to become better acquainted with the science of cooking." - NATURE "This year, at last, we have a book which shows how a practical understanding of physics and chemistry can improve culinary performance… [Barham] first explains, in a lucid non-textbooky way, the principles behind taste, flavour and the main methods of food preparation, and then gives fool-proof basic recipes for dishes from roast leg of lab to chocolate soufflé." - FINANCIAL TIMES WEEKEND "This book is full of interesting and relevant facts that clarify the techniques of cooking that lead to the texture, taste and aroma of good cuisine. As a physicist the author introduces the importance of models in preparing food, and their modification as a result of testing (tasting)."- THE PHYSICIST "Focuses quite specifically on the physics and food chemistry of practical domestic cooking in terms of real recipes... Each chapter starts with an overview of the scientific issues relevant to that food group, e.g. toughness of meat, thickening of sauces, collapse of sponge cakes and soufflés. This is followed by actual recipes, with the purpose behind each ingredient and technique explained, and each recipe followed by a table describing some common problems, causes and solutions. Each chapter then ends with suggested experiments to illustrate some of the scientific principles exploited in the chapter." - FOOD & DRINK NEWSLETTER Trade ReviewFrom the reviews:“The Science of Cooking is organized into two distinct sections, with an introduction and ancillary material. … The helpful Glossary provides basic definitions of chemical terms that many cooks may not have encountered. … ‘Foodies’, chemists who are interested in food, and serious cooks will enjoy the spirit of this book.” (Cheryl Baldwin Frech, Journal of Chemical Education, Vol. 81 (4), April, 2004)"This year, at last, we have a book which shows how a practical understanding of physics and chemistry can improve culinary performance… [Barham] first explains, in a lucid non-textbooky way, the principles behind taste, flavour and the main methods of food preparation, and then gives fool-proof basic recipes for dishes from roast leg of lab to chocolate soufflé."- FINANCIAL TIMES WEEKEND"This book is full of interesting and relevant facts that clarify the techniques of cooking that lead to the texture, taste and aroma of good cuisine. As a physicist the author introduces the importance of models in preparing food, and their modification as a result of testing (tasting)."-THE PHYSICIST"Focuses quite specifically on the physics and food chemistry of practical domestic cooking in terms of real recipes. Industrial food technologists and process engineers will not find design equations or process flowsheets. Instead they, and those with more immediate home cooking interests, will find a clear, fascinating, informative and serviceable description of the scientific phenomena occurring during domestic cooking, and how to exploit an understanding thereof to achieve results consistently, adapt recipes confidently and adeptly rescue catastrophes. Each chapter starts with an overview of the scientific issues relevant to that food group, e.g. toughness of meat, thickening of sauces, collapse of sponge cakes and soufflés. This is followed by actual recipes, with the purpose behind each ingredient and technique explained, and each recipe followed by a table describing some common problems, causes and solutions. Each chapter then ends with suggested experiments to illustrate some of the scientific principles exploited in the chapter."-FOOD & DRINK NEWSLETTER"Will be stimulating for amateur cooks with an interest in following recipes and understanding how they work. They will find anecdotes and, sprinkled throughout the book, scientific points of information... The book is a pleasant read and is an invitation to become better acquainted with the science of cooking."-NATURE"You do not have to be a chemist or a physicist to cook a meal, any more than you need a qualification in engineering to drive a car; but in both cases, a little technical knowledge can help when things go wrong. That is the reasoning behind this odd volume that combines an explanation of the scientific principles of cooking with a down-to-earth guide to kitchen utensils, ... some experiments to try at home, and a random collection of around 40 recipes."-THE ECONOMIST"I believe that cooking is a bit like this: it is natural ability, not scientific knowledge that makes a good cook. Not withstanding, as physicists who are always asking "why is it so?," this book is full of interesting and relevant facts that clarify the techniques of cooking that lead to the texture, taste and aroma of good cuisine. As a physicist the author introduces the importance of models in preparing food, and their modification as a result of testing (tasting)" - THE PHYSICIST"…At last, we have a book which shows how a practical understanding of physics and chemistry can improve culinary performance … [Barham] first explains, in a lucid non-textbooky way, the principles behind taste, flavour and the main methods of food preparation, and then gives fool-proof basic recipes for dishes from roast leg of lab to chocolate soufflé."–Financial Times Weekend"Will be stimulating for amateur cooks with an interest in following recipes and understanding how they work. They will find anecdotes and, sprinkled throughout the book, scientific points of information...The book is a pleasant read and is an invitation to become better acquainted with the science of cooking."–NatureTable of Contents1 Introduction.- 2 Sensuous Molecules — Molecular Gastronomy.- 3 Taste and Flavour.- 4 Heating and Eating — Physical Gastronomy.- 5 Cooking methods and utensils.- 6 Meat and Poultry.- 7 Fish.- 8 Breads.- 9 Sauces.- 10 Sponge Cakes.- 11 Pastry.- 12 Soufflés.- 13 Cooking with Chocolate.- Weights and Measurements.- Glossary of Terms.

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Book SynopsisDieses essential befasst sich mit der einfachen linearen Regression, der simpelsten Form von Regressionsmodellen, in der für die Modellbildung nur eine einzige Einflussvariable berücksichtigt wird. Leser finden in diesem Buch die Methode der kleinsten Quadrate zur Schätzung der Modellparameter, Residualanalysen zur Überprüfung der Modellannahmen sowie weitere statistische Verfahren zur Beurteilung des Modells. Zudem erfahren sie, wie das Modell als ein Prognoseinstrument eingesetzt werden kann. Somit erwerben Leser eine solide Grundlage zum Verständnis komplexer Regressionsansätze, bei denen mehrere Variablen die Zielgröße beeinflussen und nichtlineare Zusammenhänge vorliegen.Table of ContentsDefinition des einfachen Regressionsmodells.- Überprüfung der Modellvoraussetzungen.- Beurteilung des Modells durch den Korrelations- und den Determinationskoeffizienten.- Regressionsgerade als ein Instrument für eine Prognose.- Umkehrregression.

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Book SynopsisMeinhard Kieser vermittelt anhand realer Beispiele die grundlegenden Prinzipien der Fallzahlberechnung und demonstriert deren Anwendung. Für die häufigsten Anwendungssituationen werden die entsprechenden Fallzahlberechnungsformeln hergeleitet. Einsteiger haben somit die Möglichkeit, die Grundlagen der Fallzahlplanung zu erlernen und einzuüben. Es werden außerdem die statistischen Hintergründe der Formeln und allgemeinere Zusammenhänge erläutert und Hinweise gegeben, was bei jeder Fallzahlberechnung beachtet werden sollte. Damit geht das essential deutlich über eine reine Formelsammlung hinaus und ist eine wertvolle Ergänzung für Personen, die bereits in der medizinischen Forschung tätig sind und Erfahrung bei der Fallzahlberechnung gesammelt haben.Table of ContentsDas Prinzip der Fallzahlberechnung.- Fallzahlberechnung für Zwei- und Mehr-Gruppen-Vergleiche bei normalverteilter und binärer Zielgröße.- Ausblick auf weitere Methoden zur Fallzahlberechnung in anderen Anwendungssituationen.- Hinweise auf Aspekte, die bei jeder Fallzahlberechnung beachtet werden sollten.

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Book SynopsisThis book is about the p53 gene, one of the most frequently mutated or deleted genes in human cancers. The frequent occurrence of inactivated p53 implicates this gene product in the genesis of many human cancers. The p53 gene can suppress the growth of cancer cells and the transformation process by oncogenes. The p53 protein is a transcription factor that can repress or activate promoters containing one of three p53 DNA-binding motifs. The activity of p53 is regulated by phosphorylation and other transcription factors. Replacement of the p53 function or restoration of the p53 biochemical pathway is a focus of gene therapy.Table of Contents1. The Role of p53 in Cancer.- 2. Gene Structure.- 3. Wild-Type versus Mutant p53.- 4. Biophysical and Biochemical Properties of the p53 Protein.- 5. Regulation and Modulation of the Function of p53.- 6. Potential Clinical Significance of the p53 Tumor Suppressor Gene in Cancer Patients.

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Table of ContentsPterine als Wirkstoffe und Pigmente.- The structure and biological activity of immunoglobulins and their subunits.- Inhibitors of adrenal cortical function.- The biosynthesis of cholesterol.- Transepithelial transport and its hormonal control in toad bladder.- Production, storage and release of anterior pituitary hormones.- The adipokinetic property of hypophyseal peptides.

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsG Proteins and G Protein–Coupled Receptors.- Traditional GPCR Pharmacology and Beyond.- Regulation of Intraneuronal Trafficking of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors by Neurotransmitters In Vivo.- Small GTPases and Their Role in Regulating G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signal Transduction.- Regulation of G Protein Receptor Coupling, Mood Disorders and Mechanism of Action of Antidepressants.- Dysregulation of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling in Cancer.- Growth Factors.- Insulin Signaling in Normal and Diabetic Conditions.- Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) Receptor Signaling and Cancer.- Leptin Signaling Pathway.- Signaling in Normal and Pathological Angiogenesis.- Signaling Platforms.- Spatial and Temporal Control of Cell Signaling by A-Kinase Anchoring Proteins.- Mitochondria, a Platform for Diverse Signaling Pathways.- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and Their Scaffolding Proteins.- Molecular and Functional Determinants of Ca2+ Signaling Microdomains.- Nuclear Receptors / Transcription.- Eukaryotic Gene Transcription.- Estrogen Signaling Mechanisms.- Signal Transduction Pathways Involved in Glucocorticoid Actions.- Reactive Signaling Molecules.- Cellular Signaling by Reactive Oxygen Species: Biochemical Basis and Physiological Scope.- Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase: The Nitric Oxide Receptor.- Cell Cycle, Cell Death and Cancer.- Distinct Roles of the Pocket Proteins in the Control of Cell Cycle.- Activation of the p53 Tumor Suppressor and its Multiple Roles in Cell Cycle and Apoptosis.- Aging and Cancer: Caretakers and Gatekeepers.- Signal Transduction in Embryonic Stem Cells and the Rise of iPS Cells.- Erratum to.

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Book SynopsisWas bedeutet eigentlich dieser p-Wert? Und was ist ein signifikantes Ergebnis? Dieses Buch bietet eine kompakte und verständnisorientierte Einführung in die Inferenzstatistik und beantwortet Fragen wie diese. Ein Schwerpunkt ist dabei die Logik, die der Inferenzstatistik und dem Testen von Hypothesen zugrunde liegt: Die Leserin und der Leser lernen die am häufigsten verwendeten Verfahren (t-Test, Varianzanalyse mit und ohne Messwiederholung, Korrelation/Regression) sowie die Tücken der Datenauswertung kennen und entwickeln das nötige Verständnis, um Ergebnisse korrekt interpretieren zu können. Die einzelnen Kapitel werden durch konkrete Auswertungsbeispiele aus dem Forschungsalltag ergänzt – inklusive exemplarischer Umsetzung mit den Programmen SPSS und R. Neben den klassischen Methoden sind auch Querverweise auf aktuelle Entwicklungen der psychologischen Methodenforschung enthalten. Die 3. Auflage bietet inhaltliche Überarbeitungen und Ergänzungen, etwa zur Bayes-Statistik.Table of ContentsEinführung und deskriptive Statistik.- Grundlagen der Inferenzstatistik 1: Zufallsvariablen.- Grundlagen der Inferenzstatistik 2: Population und Parameterschätzung.- Hypothesentests und Signifikanz.- Unterschiedshypothesen bei maximal zwei Gruppen: t-Tests. Konfidenzintervalle.- Fehlertypen, Effektstärke und Power.- Einfaktorielle Varianzanalyse.- Mehrfaktorielle Varianzanalyse.- Variananalyse mit Messwiederholung.- Zusammenhangshypothesen: Korrelation und Regression.- Anmerkungen zum Schluss.

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Book SynopsisJetzt kommt Bewegung in die Biochemie!Die ganze Welt der Biochemie und Pathobiochemie in 74 überschaubaren Kapiteln und über 1000 Abbildungen erklärt – da bleibt keine Frage offen.Und mehr noch, damit Sie die komplexen Vorgänge in Stoffwechsel, Signaltransduktion und Molekularbiologie schneller verstehen, sind mit der kostenlosen MoreMediaApp fast 400, teils vertonte Videos direkt aus dem Buch abrufbar – einfach das Bild mit dem Smartphone oder Tablet scannen und schon werden Citratzyklus, DNA-Replikation und Co. lebendig! So lässt sich auch später in der Klinik schnell etwas wiederholen – Film ab und das biochemische Hintergrundwissen ist aufgefrischt.Außerdem bietet die Biochemie und Pathobiochemie: 74 überschaubare Kapitel für einen guten Überblick Auflistung der Schwerpunkte am Kapitelanfang Einen Roten Faden, der kleine Abschnitte kurz zusammenfasst Zusammenfassungen am Kapitelende Tafelteil mit den wichtigsten Strukturformeln zum Nachschlagen Wie wichtig das Wissen über Moleküle, Mechanismen und Signalwege für das Verständnis pathologischer Vorgänge ist, wird anhand zahlreicher spezieller Abschnitte oder eigener Kapitel zur Pathobiochemie herausgestellt. Schließlich geben spannende Exkurse und Hintergrundinfos einen Blick über den Tellerrand oder weiter in die Tiefe.Biochemie ausführlich und animiert – Ihr Begleiter durchs ganze Studium!Table of ContentsI Grundlagen der Biochemie und Molekulären Zellbiologie: Ohne Wasser kein Leben.- Vom Molekül zum Organismus.- Kohlenhydrate, Lipide, Aminosäuren und Nucleotide - Bausteine des Lebens,mitTafelteil.- Thermodynamik und Bioenergetik.- Proteine - Struktur und Funktion.- Proteine – Analytische Untersuchungsmethoden, Synthese und Isolierung.- Enzyme - Molekulare und funktionelle Grundlagen der Biokatalyse.- Regulation der Enzymaktivität.- Enzyme in Analytik, Diagnoste und Therapie.- Nucleinsäuren - Struktur und Funktion.- Biokatalyse.- Zellorganellen und Vesikeltransport. Cytoskelett.-II Zellulärer Metabolismus: Glucose – Schlüsselmolekül des Kohlenhydratstoffwechsels.- Mechanismen der Glucosehomöostase.- Zucker - Bausteine von Glycoproteinen und Heteroglycanen.- Pathobiochemie des Kohlenhydratstoffwechsels.- Der Citratzyklus – Abbau von Acetyl-CoA zu CO2 und H2O.- Mitochondrien – Organellen der ATP-Gewinnung.- Oxidoreduktasen und reaktive Sauerstoffspezies.- Lipogenese und Lipolyse - Bildung und Verwertung der Fettspeicher.- Stoffwechsel von Phosphoglyceriden und Sphingolipiden.- Stoffwechsel von Cholesterin.- Lipoproteine - Transportformen der Lipide im Blut.- Pathobiochemie des Lipidstoffwechsels.- Prinzipien von Aminosäurestoffwechsel und Stickstoffumsatz.- Funktioneller Aminosäurestoffwechsel.- Pathobiochemie des Aminosäurestoffwechsels.- Purinnucleotide – Biosynthese, Wiederverwertung und Abbau.- Pyrimidinnucleotide – Biosynthese, Wiederverwertung und Abbau.- Pathobiochemie des Purin- und Pyrimidinstoffwechsels.- Porphyrine - Synthese und Abbau.- III Zelluläre Kommunikation: Prinzipien zellulärer Kommunikation.- Mediatoren.- Rezeptoren und ihre Signaltransduktion.- Insulin - das wichtigste anabole Hormon.- Glucagon und Katecholamine - Gegenspieler des Insulins.- Integration und hormonelle Regulation des Energiestoffwechsels.- Hormone des Hypothalamus und der Hypophyse.- Steroidhormone – Produkte von Nebennierenrinde und Keimdrüsen.- Schilddrüsenhormone – Zentrale Regulatoren von Entwicklung, Wachstum, Grundumsatz, Stoffwechsel und Zelldifferenzierung.- Wachstumshormon und Prolactin.- IV Molekularbiologie: Zellzyklus – Koordination der Zellteilung.- Replikation –Die Verdopplung der DNA.- DNA-Mutationen und ihre Reparatur.- Transkription und Prozessierung von RNA.- Regulation der Transkription – Aktivierung und Inaktivierung der Genexpression.-Translation – Synthese von Proteinen.- Proteine - Transport, Modifikation und Faltung.- Proteine – Mechanismen ihres Abbaus.- Der programmierte Zelltod - Apotose, Nektrotose, Ferroptose und Pyroptose.- Prinzipien der zellulären Tumorgenese und –progression.- Das Tumorstroma.- Gentechnik.- Gentechnik in höheren Organismen – Transgene Tiere und Gentherapie.- V Funktionelle Biochemie der Organe: Energiebilanz und Ernährungszustand.- Makronährstoffe und ihre Bedeutung.- Fettlösliche Vitamine.- Wasserlösliche Vitamine.- Spurenelemente.- Gastrointestinaltrakt.-Leber - Zentrales Stoffwechselorgan.- Quergestreifte Muskulatur.- Die glatte Muskulatur.- Niere – Ausscheidung von Wasser und Elektrolyten.- Niere – Der Säure-Basen- und Mineralhaushalt.- Blut – Zelluläre Bestandteile und Blutplasma.- Blut – Hämatopoese und Erythrocyten.- Blut – Thrombocyten und Leukocyten.- Immunologie.- Extrazelluläre Matrix - Struktur und Funktion.- Knorpel- und Knochengewebe.- Haut.- Nervensystem.- Anhang.

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Book SynopsisIn diesem Buch sind Lehrbeispiele gesammelt, die Dozierenden wertvolle Anregungen für ihre eigene Lehre liefern: Es werden Ideen für einzelne Übungen, Unterrichtseinheiten, Prüfungen oder ganze Kurse vorgestellt. Die benötigten Materialien sind für die Nutzer online frei verfügbar, um die Anwendung zu vereinfachen. Alle Beiträge dieses Buches wurden 2020 für den Preis für das beste Health-Data-Science-Lehrmaterial eingereicht, der von der Arbeitsgruppe Lehre und Didaktik der Biometrie der Deutschen Region der Internationalen Biometrischen Gesellschaft und der GMDS ausgeschrieben wurde. So entstand ein breiter Querschnitt an Beiträgen für lebendige Lehre in Biometrie, Epidemiologie, Public Health und ähnlichen Gebieten. Das Buch knüpft damit an die beiden Bände Zeig mir Biostatistik! und Zeig mir mehr Biostatistik! an, denen ähnliche Ausschreibungen vorausgingen. Die Herausgeber unterrichten Biometrie als Haupt- oder Nebenfach an verschiedenen Universitäten bzw. Hochschulen. Es verbindet sie das gemeinsame Ziel, den Austausch von Ideen und ausgereiftem Unterrichtsmaterial im Bereich Health Data Science zu fördern.Table of ContentsStatistischer Humor im Unterricht.- Personalisierte Medizin live erleben.- Herr Herbinger hat ein Herzproblem.- Der richtige Mix macht’s.- Ein (didaktischer) Werkzeugkasten für ein effektives R Training.- Biostatistik trifft auf OMICS.- Methoden zur Abwechslung, Auflockerung und Aktivierung in der (Biometrie-)Lehre.- Spielerisch Daten reinigen.- Flipped Classroom mit SAS on Demand.- P-Wert im Geldbeutel?.- Biomathe kann begeistern!.- Einsatz von Audience Response Systemen in der Lehre.

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Book SynopsisThe focus of this textbook is on application, rather than pure knowledge transfer of the results of all chemical biological work (which would also be beyond the scope of a book). It gives the reader, through the specific selection of chemical biological techniques and concepts, the necessary tools to be able to develop new ways of thinking and thus new therapeutic options in the complex field of chemical biology and drug development. The stated aim of this book is to provide concrete solutions and inspiration to students, (post)graduate students, and experienced scientists at universities as well as in industry in their problems. After an introduction to the problems addressed by chemical biology in drug discovery, the three levels of molecular biology dogma: DNA, RNA and proteins and their role as drug targets serve as the common thread of this book.This book is a translation of the original German 1st edition Chemische Biologie by Marco F. Schmidt, published by Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature in 2020. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.Table of ContentsForeword.- Introduction.- Part I: Chemical Biology and Drug Development.- Chemical Biology - a Holistic Science.- Drug Development.- From Genomics to Chemical Biology.- Part II: DNA.- DNA - blueprint of proteins.- Genomic Variation.- Gene Therapy and Genome Editing.- Part III: RNA.- RNA - information and function carrier.- RNA Interference in Drug Development.- Part IV: Proteins.- Peptides & proteins.- Proteins as drug targets.- Chemical genomics - From target protein to drug.- From target protein to macromolecular drug - Biologics.- Chemical proteomics: From drug to target protein.- Chemical genetics: validation of drug target by elucidation of signaling pathway.- Chemical biology - Addressing new drug targets.

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