Medical imaging: radiology Books

Book SynopsisTable of ContentsIntroduction Approach to Imaging Modalities Radiography Computed Tomography Magnetic Resonance Imaging FDG PET/CT Ultrasound Approach to Clinical Presentation Chest Pain Chest Trauma Cough Acute Dyspnea Chronic Dyspnea Hemoptysis Immunosuppression Intensive Care Unit Oncology Stridor Wheezing Lungs and Airspaces Approach to Lungs and Airspaces Approach to Lungs and Airspaces General Imaging Patterns Acinar Nodules Air Bronchogram Apical Opacity Architectural Distortion Atelectasis Bullous Disease Calcification/Ossification Cavity Consolidation Cysts Lucencies Migratory Opacities Micronodules Peripheral (Subpleural) Consolidation Pulmonary Mass Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Multiple Pulmonary Nodules Pulmonary Nodules with Cavitation Modality-Specific Imaging Findings: Radiography Low Lung Volumes Large Lung Volumes Lucent Hemithorax Opaque Hemithorax Luftsichel Sign Silhouette Sign S-Sign of Golden Modality-Specific Imaging Findings: Computed Tomography Air Crescent Sign CT Halo Sign Ground-Glass Opacity Reverse Halo Sign Interstitium Approach to Interstitium Approach to Interstitium General Imaging Patterns Interstitial Opacities Reticular Opacities Honeycombing Upper Lung Zone Predominant Lung Disease Lower Lung Zone Predominant Lung Disease Peripheral (Subpleural) Lung Disease Modality-Specific Imaging Findings: Computed Tomography Interlobular Septal Thickening Mass-Like Fibrosis Miliary Nodules Perilymphatic Nodules Airways Approach to Airways Approach to Airways General Imaging Patterns Tracheal Dilatation Tracheal Narrowing Finger-in-Glove Sign Modality-Specific Imaging Findings: Computed Tomography Airway Wall Thickening (Focal) Airway Wall Thickening (Diffuse) Tracheal Lesion Endobronchial Lesion Mosaic Attenuation and Air-Trapping Centrilobular Nodules Tree-in-Bud Opacities Bronchiectasis Mediastinum and Hila Approach to Mediastinum Approach to Mediastinum General Imaging Patterns Focal Mediastinal Enlargement Diffuse Mediastinal Enlargement Anterior/Prevascular Compartment Lesion Middle/Visceral Compartment Lesion Posterior/Paravertebral Compartment Lesion Cardiophrenic Angle Lesion Azygoesophageal Recess Lesion Lymphadenopathy Pneumomediastinum Modality-Specific Imaging Findings: Radiography Hilum Overlay Sign Mediastinal Shift Modality-Specific Imaging Findings: Computed Tomography Fat-Containing Mediastinal Lesion Cystic Mediastinal Lesion Soft Tissue Lesion Enhancing Soft Tissue Lesion Mediastinal Calcification Modality-Specific Imaging Findings: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mediastinal Mass Pulmonary Arteries Approach to Pulmonary Arteries Approach to Pulmonary Arteries General Imaging Patterns Pulmonary Artery Enlargement Modality-Specific Imaging Findings: Computed Tomography Pulmonary Artery Filling Defect Pulmonary Artery Mass Pulmonary Artery Invasion Focal Pulmonary Artery Enlargement Thoracic Aorta Approach to Thoracic Aorta Approach to Thoracic Aorta General Imaging Patterns Dilatation of Thoracic Aorta (Diffuse) Dilatation of Thoracic Aorta (Focal) Dilatation of Ascending Thoracic Aorta Narrowing of Thoracic Aorta Aortic Calcification Modality-Specific Imaging Findings: Radiography Reverse 3 Sign Modality-Specific Imaging Findings: Computed Tomography Aortic Wall Thickening High-Attenuation Mural Thickening Acute Aortic Syndrome Aortic Mass Mural Thrombus Pleura Approach to Pleura Approach to Pleura General Imaging Patterns Free Pleural Effusion Loculated Pleural Effusion Pleural Thickening Pleural Nodule/Mass Pleural Calcification Pneumothorax Pleural Air-Fluid Level Chest Wall and Diaphragm Approach to Chest Wall and Diaphragm Approach to Chest Wall and Diaphragm General Imaging Patterns Elevated Hemidiaphragm Congenital Deformity Chest Wall Asymmetry Diaphragmatic Mass Hernia Modality-Specific Imaging Findings: Radiography Incomplete Border Sign Modality-Specific Imaging Findings: Computed Tomography Chest Wall Mass (Soft Tissue) Chest Wall Mass (Osseous) Chest Wall Fluid Collection Modality-Specific Imaging Findings: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Chest Wall Mass Heart Approach to Heart Approach to Heart General Imaging Patterns Left Atrial Enlargement Right Atrial Enlargement Left Ventricular Enlargement Right Ventricular Enlargement Multichamber Enlargement Wall Motion Abnormality Myocardial Thickening Atrial Mass Ventricular Mass Valvular Mass Modality-Specific Imaging Findings: Computed Tomography Atrial Calcification Ventricular Calcification Valve Calcification Coronary Artery Anomaly Modality-Specific Imaging Findings: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Delayed Enhancement Pericardium Approach to Pericardium Approach to Pericardium General Imaging Patterns Pericardial Thickening Pericardial Calcification Pericardial Effusion Pneumopericardium Modality-Specific Imaging Findings: Computed Tomography Pericardial Nodules/Masses

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"overall it is a good book thatI am sure will make its wayinto many radiology departmentsand also onto theshelves of many radiologistswho report PETCT."Table of ContentsPET IMAGING: THE BASICS Introduction to PET Imaging Overview PET Interpretation Approach to Interpretation Artifacts and Pitfalls PET Protocols Whole Body Protocols Central Nervous System Protocols Cardiac Protocols Physics and Radiopharmaceuticals Physics and Quality Control Physics and Instrumentation Radiopharmaceuticals Clinical Radiopharmaceuticals Radiopharmaceuticals in Development PET IMAGING: CARDIAC Myocardial Ischemia Myocardial Viability Cardiomyopathy Acute Cardiac Infection and Inflammation PET IMAGING: CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM Dementia Alzheimer Disease Frontotemporal Dementia Corticobasal Dementia Lewy Body Dementia Posterior Cortical Atrophy Multi-Infarct Dementia Behavioral and Movement Disorders Epilepsy Intractable Seizure Disorder CNS Infection and Inflammation Cerebral Abscess and Encephalitis Cerebral Toxoplasmosis PET IMAGING: SOFT TISSUE INFECTION AND INFLAMMATION Abdominal Infection and Inflammatory Disease Pulmonary Infection and Inflammation Granulomatous Disease Fever of Unknown Origin Vascular Infection and Inflammation Large Vessel Vasculitis PET IMAGING: MUSCULOSKELETAL Pediatric Nonaccidental Trauma Benign Bone Neoplasms Bone and Joint Infection PET IMAGING: ONCOLOGY Adrenal Adrenal Carcinoma Breast Oncology Primary Breast Cancer Breast Cancer Staging Central Nervous System Oncology Primary Brain Malignancy Brain Metastases Cutaneous Oncology Melanoma Squamous Cell Carcinoma Merkel Cell Carcinoma Gastrointestinal Oncology Esophageal Cancer Gastric Cancer and Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Anal Carcinoma Peritoneal Carcinoma and Mesothelioma Genitourinary Oncology Uterine and Endometrial Cancers Ovarian Cancer Cervical Cancer Vulvar and Vaginal Cancer Prostate Cancer Testicular Cancer Renal Cell Carcinoma Transitional Cell Carcinoma Head and Neck Cancer Squamous Cell Carcinoma Parotid and Salivary Gland Carcinoma Hepatobiliary Oncology Hepatocellular Carcinoma Adrenal Oncology Pancreatic Oncology Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Pancreatic Islet Cell Tumor/Neuroendocrine Thoracic Oncology Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumor Lung Adenocarcinoma Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Small Cell Lung Cancer Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Thymoma and Thymic Carcinoma Thyroid and Parathyroid Carcinoma Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Papillary and Follicular Thyroid Cancer Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Parathyroid Carcinoma Lymphoma Hodgkin Lymphoma Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Musculoskeletal Oncology Primary Bone Tumors Multiple Myeloma Sarcomas Neuroendocrine Oncology Abdominal Carcinoid Tumors Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Pediatric Oncology Neuroblastoma Ewing Sarcoma Osteosarcoma Pediatric Lymphoma PET: EMERGING CLINICAL APPLICATIONS

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsSolnes: Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging: Case Review Series, 3e Opening Round 1. Thyroid Graves Disease 2. Prostate Cancer 3. Brain Death 4. MUGA 5. Biliary Leak 6. Delayed Solid Gastric Emptying 7. Osteomyelitis 8. Thyroid Nodule 9. Insufficiency Fracture 10. Acute Cholecystitis 11. Colon Cancer 12. Osteosarcoma 13. Cold Nodule 14. Brown fat 15. High Grade Obstruction 16. GI Bleed 17. Pagets Disease 18. Lymphoma 19. Chronic Cholecystitis 20. Lung Cancer 21. Flood Images 22. Superscan 23. Myocardial Ischemia 24. Adenoma 25. Toxic Adenoma 26. Colon Uptake 27. Metformin 28. Radioactive Decay 29. Acute Pyelonephritis 30. Meckels 31. Vesiculoureteral Reflux 32. GCSF Post Therapy Scan 33. Star Effect 34. Biliary Atresia 35. Horseshoe Kidney 36. Head and Neck Cancer 37. Pulmonary Embolism 38. Multinodular Goiter 39. Carcinoid 40. Lytic Lesion 41. Reflux 42. Leak 43. Pheochromocytoma 44. Non AC 45. Shin Splints 46. Poor Preparation 47. Hot Spots 48. Mediastinal Parathryoid Adenoma 49. Status Post MUGA 50. Thyroiditis 51. Right to Left Shunt 52. Pituitary Adenoma 53. Lymphantic Obstruction 54. Jejunal Bleed 55. Vocal Cord Paralysis 56. Endometrial Cancer 57. Scarring 58. NPH 59. Therapy 60. Vasculitis 61. Lipomatous Hypertrophy of the interatrial Septum 62. Vertebral Osteomyelitis 63. Thyroid Lingual 64. Liver Metastases 65. Thymic Hyperplasia 66. Melanoma 67. Parkinson's Syndromes 68. Osteoid Osteoma 69. Bronchogenic Carcinoid 70. Myocardial Infarction 71. QC 72. Lung Metastases 73. Complex Regional Pain Syndrome 74. CNS lymphoma 75. Subacute Thyroiditis 76. Breastfeeding 77. Thyroid Lymphoma 78. Alzheimer's Disease 79. Breast Cancer 80. Free Pertechnetate 81. Cerebellar Diaschisis 82. Splenosis 83. Bars 84. Viability 85. Sarcoid 86. Pancreas Cancer 87. Warthin Tumpr 88. Sternal Lesion Breast Cancer 89. Adrenal Metastases 90. Gastric Cancer 91. Osteomyelitis 92. VPS 93. Enchondroma 94. Thyroid Probe 95. Generator 96. TB 97. Hemangioma 98. Cervical Cancer 99. Amyloid 100. Retroperitoneal Fibrosis Challenge 101. Amyloid 102. Colitis 103. Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) 104. Breast Cancer 105. Elastofibroma Dorsi 106. Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia 107. Craniopharyngioma 108. Metastatic Pheochromocytoma 109. Thyroid Cancer 110. NaF 111. Cardiac Sarcoid 112. Ewings Sarcoma 113. Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism 114. Cortical Dysplasia 115. FNH 116. Endocarditis 117. Neurofibromatosis 118. Carcinoid, Ga68 DOTATATE 119. Prostate Abscess 120. Metastatic Pulmonary Calcifications 121. Hepatobronchial Fistula 122. Fat Necrosis 123. Neuroblastoma 124. Encephalitis 125. PTLD 126. Epitrochlear Node 127. Hamartoma 128. Meningioma 129. FACBC 130. Erdheim Chester 131. Transverse Myelitis 132. Hernia Plug 133. Kartageners Syndrome 134. Sinonasal Lymphoma 135. Renal sestamibi 136. Renal Cyst 137. Gastric Carcinoid 138. Multiple Sclerosis 139. Lumboperitoneal Shunt Patency Evaluation 140. Laminar Necrosis 141. Ulcerative Colitis 142. Seizures 143. Bronchopleural Fistulas 144. Otitis Media 145. Renal En bloc 146. Septic Joint 147. Spill 148. Transportation 149. PSMA

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsAnatomy and Normal Variants Anatomy Breast Overview Embryology and Normal Development Nipple-Areolar Complex and Skin Segmental Anatomy Pectoralis Muscle and Chest Wall Neurovascular Supply Lymph Nodes and Lymphatics Axilla Normal Variants Axillary Breast Tissue Pectoralis Muscle and Chest Wall Variants Sternalis Muscle Imaging Modalities Mammography: Positioning Mammography: Diagnostic Tomosynthesis Contrast-Enhanced Mammography/Tomosynthesis Ultrasound Elastography Automated Breast Ultrasound Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (MR) MR Spectroscopy Molecular Breast Imaging (MBI and BSGI) Dedicated Breast PET (PEM) PET/CT Interpretive Criteria Approach to the Lexicons of Breast Imaging Mammography BI-RADS Lexicon and Usage Ultrasound BI-RADS Lexicon and Usage MR BI-RADS Lexicon and Usage Probably Benign Lesions Molecular Breast Imaging Lexicon (Includes BSGI) Breast PET Lexicon and Usage Lesion Imaging Characteristics Masses Circumscribed and Obscured Margins Intramammary Lymph Node Fat-Containing Mass Microlobulated Margins Indistinct Margins Spiculated Margins High-Density Mass Calcifications, Typically Benign Typically Benign Calcifications Round Calcifications Milk of Calcium Calcifications, Not Typically Benign Punctate Calcifications Coarse Heterogeneous Calcifications Amorphous Calcifications Fine Pleomorphic Calcifications Fine Linear Calcifications Calcification Distribution Diffuse Distribution of Calcifications Regional Distribution of Calcifications Grouped Distribution of Calcifications Linear Distribution of Calcifications Segmental Distribution of Calcifications Additional Findings One-View-Only Findings Asymmetries Developing Asymmetry Architectural Distortion Trabecular Thickening, Edema Multiple Bilateral Similar Findings Duct Ectasia Solitary Dilated Duct Ultrasound Lesion Characteristics Margins, Not Circumscribed (US) Echogenic Rim (US) Lesion Orientation (US) Posterior Acoustic Features: Enhancement & Shadowing (US) Posterior Shadowing (US) Echogenicity: Anechoic (US) Echogenicity: Isoechoic, Hypoechoic, and Mixed (US) Echogenicity: Hyperechoic (US) Heterogeneous Internal Echogenicity (US) Simple Cyst (US) Complicated Cyst With Debris (US) Clustered Microcysts (US) Intraductal Mass (US) Complex Cystic and Solid Masses Calcifications (US) MR Findings Background Parenchymal Enhancement (MR) T2 Hyperintensity (MR) Kinetic Assessment (MR) Dark Internal Septations (MR) Rim Enhancement (MR) Focus (MR) Focal Area, Regional, and Diffuse Enhancement (MR) Linear Enhancement (MR) Segmental Enhancement (MR) Clumped and Clustered Ring Enhancement (MR) Clustered Ring Enhancement (MR) [DELETE AFTER WENDIE DONE WITH IT] Histopathologic Diagnoses Approach to Histopathologic Diagnoses Benign Lesions Tubular Adenoma and Nipple Adenoma Adenosis, Sclerosing Adenosis, Microglandular Adenosis Apocrine Metaplasia Columnar Cell Lesions Cyst, Ruptured/Inflamed Fat Necrosis, Oil Cyst Hamartoma (Fibroadenolipoma) Fibroadenoma Fibroadenomatoid Change Fibrocystic Changes Fibrosis Hematoma Lipoma and Angiolipoma Myoepithelial Neoplasms Myofibroblastoma Papilloma, Benign PASH Risk Lesions Radial Scar, Radial Sclerosing Lesions Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia Atypical Lobular Hyperplasia Flat Epithelial Atypia Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (Classic) Mucocele-Like Lesions Atypical Papilloma Locally Aggressive Lesions Fibromatosis Granular Cell Tumor Phyllodes Tumor: Benign Malignant Lesions DCIS, General DCIS, Low Grade DCIS, Intermediate Grade DCIS, High Grade DCIS, Micropapillary Invasive Ductal Carcinoma NOS, General Invasive Ductal Carcinoma NOS, Grade 1, 2, 3 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma Invasive Lobular Carcinoma, Pleomorphic Lobular Carcinoma In Situ, Pleomorphic Mixed Invasive Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma Apocrine Carcinoma Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma Luminal A and B Cancers HER2-Positive Cancer Triple-Negative and Basal-Like Breast Cancer Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Medullary Carcinoma Metaplastic Carcinoma Mucinous Carcinoma Tubular Carcinoma Tubulolobular Carcinoma Encapsulated Papillary Carcinoma Papillary Carcinoma, Invasive Phyllodes Tumor: Borderline and Malignant Sarcomas Lymphoma, Primary Breast Signs and Symptoms Approach to Signs and Symptoms of Disease Nipple Nipple Discharge Nipple Retraction and Inversion Paget Disease of the Nipple Skin Epidermoid Cyst Sebaceous Cyst Skin Lesions, Other Erythema Skin Retraction Skin Thickening Axilla Axillary Adenopathy Axillary Nodal Calcification Metastatic Adenopathy, Unknown Primary Breast Palpable Lump or Thickening Pain Shrunken Breast Vascular Entities Mondor Disease Benign Lesions of Vascular Origin Postoperative and Post-Treatment Imaging Approach to Postoperative Imaging Findings Results of Benign Intervention Benign Surgical Biopsy, Postoperative Imaging Post-Core Biopsy and Clip Placement Imaging Reduction Mammoplasty, Imaging Implant, Saline Implant, Silicone Implant With Multiple Lumina Implants and Cancer Silicone Granuloma Cosmetic Augmentation Injections Results Following Treatment for Malignancies Positive or Close Margins Post Breast-Conserving Surgery Recurrent Breast Carcinoma Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation Tissue Transfer Reconstruction Imaging Special Topics Hormonal Changes Hormonal Manipulation Gender Reassignment Terminology and Imaging Appearance Cancer and Screening in Transgendered Patients Pregnancy Galactocele Lactation Lactating Adenoma Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer Infections and Inflammation Abscess Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis Mastitis Unusual Infections Breast Manifestations of Systemic Conditions Weight Fluctuations Diabetic Mastopathy/Lymphocytic Lobulitis Collagen Vascular Disease Breast Manifestations of Organ Failure Sarcoid Amyloid Leukemia Lymphoma, Secondary Metastases to Breast Trauma Trauma Male Breast Gynecomastia Male, Breast Cancer Male, Other Neoplasms Artifacts Artifacts: Mammography and Tomosynthesis Artifacts: Ultrasound Artifacts: MR Artifacts: Nuclear Medicine Imaging Safety Radiation Dose and Safety: Mammography and Tomosynthesis Gadolinium Safety Contrast Reactions Screening Focused Issues in Screening Approach to Screening Risk Assessment Models Screening Mammography Screening Intervals: Annual vs. Biennial Screening at Age Extremes (< 40, > 70 Years) Screening in 5th Decade (40-49 Years) Interval Cancers Missed Cancers CAD and Double Reading Breast Density Screening Ultrasound Screening MR Abbreviated Breast MR Personal History of Breast Cancer Surveillance Prior Chest Radiation Therapy, Surveillance Genetics Indications for Genetic Testing BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Gene Mutations Beyond BRCA Genetic Testing Techniques (e.g., Oncotype, MammoPrint) Treatment Principles in Treatment Approach to Breast Cancer Staging: Breast Pathology Overview Surgery Overview Radiation Therapy Overview Oncology Overview (Adjuvant and Neoadjuvant) Focused Issues in Treatment Approach to Treatment Planning Multifocal/Multicentric Breast Cancer Extensive Intraductal Component Contralateral Breast Cancer Locally Advanced Breast Cancer Pectoralis Muscle and Chest Wall Invasion Skin Invasion Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma Internal Mammary Adenopathy Metastatic Breast Cancer Breast Cancer in Young Patients (< 40 Years) Procedures Image-Guided Procedures Ductography Cyst Aspiration Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy, Breast Skin Localization Ultrasound-Guided Core Biopsy Ultrasound-Guided Vaccum-Assisted Biopsy Stereotactic Biopsy, Prone Stereotactic Biopsy, Upright MR-Guided Vacuum-Assisted Biopsy MR-Directed Ultrasound Imaging-Histopathologic Discordance Preoperative Wire Localization, Mammography Preoperative Wire Localization, Ultrasound Preoperative Wire Localization, MR Preoperative Localization, Tomosynthesis Preoperative Radioactive Seed Localization Preoperative Localization in Axilla Preoperative Lesion Localization, Bracketing Preoperative Magnetic, Other Nonradioactive Localization Specimen Imaging Image-Guided Thermal Ablation (and Cryotherapy) Surgical Procedures Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Axillary Lymph Node Dissection Targeted Axillary Dissection Breast-Conserving Surgery Mastectomy Oncoplastic Techniques Reduction Mammoplasty, Procedure TRAM and Other Flap Procedures

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsKoch and Hamilton, Expert DDx Head and Neck Suprahyoid & Infrahyoid Anatomically Based Differentials Parapharyngeal Space Lesion Pharyngeal Mucosal Space Lesion, Nasopharynx Pharyngeal Mucosal Space Lesion, Oropharynx Masticator Space Lesion Buccal Space Lesion Parotid Space Mass Carotid Space Lesion Carotid Artery Lesion Perivertebral Space Lesion Brachial Plexus Lesion Visceral Space Lesion Cervical Tracheal Lesion Tracheoesophageal Groove Lesion Posterior Cervical Space Lesion Cervicothoracic Junction Lesion TMJ Mass Lesions Calcified TMJ Lesions TMJ Cysts Generic Imaging Patterns Diffuse Parotid Disease Multiple Parotid Masses Focal Retropharyngeal Space Mass Diffuse Retropharyngeal Space Disease Diffuse Thyroid Enlargement Focal Thyroid Mass Invasive Thyroid Mass Clinically Based Differentials Cheek Mass Trismus Oral Cavity, Mandible & Maxilla Anatomically Based Differentials Oral Mucosal Space/Surface Lesion Sublingual Space Lesion Submandibular Space Lesion Submandibular Gland Lesion Root of Tongue Lesion Hard Palate Lesion Maxillary Bone Lesion Generic Imaging Patterns Tooth-Related Mass, Sclerotic Tooth-Related Mass, Cystic Modality-Specific Imaging Findings Low-Density Jaw Lesion, Sharply Marginated (CT) Low-Density Jaw Lesion, Poorly Marginated (CT) Ground-Glass Lesions of Mandible & Maxilla (CT) Hypopharynx & Larynx Anatomically Based Differentials Hypopharyngeal Lesion Laryngeal Lesion Generic Imaging Patterns Epiglottic Enlargement Diffuse Laryngeal Swelling Subglottic Stenosis Clinically Based Differentials Vocal Cord Paralysis (Left) Vocal Cord Paralysis (Right) Stridor in Child Lymph Nodes Generic Imaging Patterns Enlarged Lymph Nodes in Neck in Adult Avidly Enhancing Lymph Nodes Enlarged Lymph Nodes in Neck of Child Transspatial, Multispatial, or Multilocation in Head and Neck Generic Imaging Patterns Air-Containing Lesions in Neck Solid Neck Mass in Infant Solid Neck Mass in Child Cystic Neck Mass in Child Cystic-Appearing Neck Masses in Adult Transspatial Mass in Child Transspatial Neck Mass Modality-Specific Imaging Findings Hyperdense Neck Lesion (CT) Low-Density Neck Lesion (CT) Hypervascular Neck Lesion (CT/MR) Clinically Based Differentials Angle of Mandible Mass Supraclavicular Mass Sinus and Nose Anatomically Based Differentials Sinonasal Anatomic Variants Generic Imaging Patterns Nasal Septal Perforation Congenital Midline Nasal Lesion Fibroosseous & Cartilaginous Lesions Inflammatory Patterns of Sinusitis Multiple Sinonasal Lesions Expansile Sinonasal Lesion Nasal Lesion With Bone Destruction Nasal Lesion Without Bone Destruction Sinus Lesion Without Bone Destruction Sinus Lesion With Bone Destruction Facial Bone Lesion Modality-Specific Imaging Findings Hyperdense Disease in Sinus Lumen (CT) Calcified Sinonasal Lesion (CT) T2 Hypointense Sinus Lesion (MR) Clinically Based Differentials Nasal Obstruction in Newborn Anosmia-Hyposmia Epistaxis Traumatic Lesions of Face Orbit Anatomically Based Differentials Preseptal Lesion Ocular Lesion, Adult Ocular Lesion, Child Optic Nerve-Sheath Lesion Intraconal Mass Extraconal Mass Lacrimal Gland Lesion Orbital Wall Lesion Generic Imaging Patterns Microphthalmos Macrophthalmos Optic Nerve Sheath Tram-Track Sign Extraocular Muscle Enlargement Large Superior Ophthalmic Vein(s) Ill-Defined Orbital Mass Cystic Orbital Lesions Vascular Lesions of Orbit Accidental Foreign Bodies in Orbit Surgical Devices & Treatment Effects in Orbit Modality-Specific Imaging Findings Intraocular Calcifications (CT) Clinically Based Differentials Leukocoria Painless Proptosis in Adult Painful Proptosis in Adult Rapidly Developing Proptosis in Child Infectious & Inflammatory Orbital Lesions Extraocular Orbital Mass in Child Temporal Bone Anatomically Based Differentials External Auditory Canal Lesion Middle Ear Lesion, Child Middle Ear Lesion, Adult Inner Ear Lesion, Adult Petrous Apex Lesion Inner Ear Lesion, Child Facial Nerve Lesion, Temporal Bone Generic Imaging Patterns Enhancing Middle Ear Lesions Expansile-Destructive Petrous Apex Lesion Bony Lesions of Temporal Bone Clinically Based Differentials Conductive Hearing Loss Peripheral Facial Nerve Paralysis Vascular Retrotympanic Mass Pulsatile Tinnitus Traumatic Lesions of Temporal Bone Secondary (Referred) Otalgia Skull Base Anatomically Based Differentials Normal Skull Base Venous Variants Skull Base Foraminal or Canal Variants Congenital Anomalies of Skull Base Intrinsic Skull Base Lesion Anterior Skull Base Lesion Cribriform Plate Lesion Central Skull Base Lesion Sellar/Parasellar Mass With Skull Base Invasion Unilateral Cavernous Sinus Mass Bilateral Cavernous Sinus Mass Meckel Cave Lesion Posterior Skull Base Lesion Clival Lesion Jugular Foramen Lesion Dural Sinus Lesion, General Foramen Magnum Mass CPA-IAC & Posterior Fossa Anatomically Based Differentials Small Internal Auditory Canal Large Internal Auditory Canal CPA Mass, Adult Prepontine Cistern Mass Cisterna Magna Mass Posterior Fossa Neoplasm, Adult Posterior Fossa Neoplasm, Pediatric Generic Imaging Patterns Cystic CPA Mass Clinically Based Differentials Hemifacial Spasm Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Adult Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Child Cranial Nerve & Brainstem Anatomically Based Differentials Midbrain Lesion Pontine Lesion Medulla Lesion Clinically Based Differentials Monocular Vision Loss Bitemporal Heteronymous Hemianopsia Homonymous Hemianopsia Oculomotor, Trochlear, or Abducens Neuropathy Trigeminal Neuropathy Trigeminal Neuralgia Complex Cranial Nerve IX-XII Neuropathy Hypoglossal Neuropathy Horner Syndrome Generic Imaging Patterns Enhancing Cranial Nerve(s)

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"The image quality is excellent, and the information is useful for clinicians. The book is well written and covers all topics pertinent to gastrointestinal imaging." -Tara M Catanzano, MD (Baystate Medical Center) for Doody's Review ServiceTable of ContentsImaging Anatomy and Overview COMMON SYMPTONS AND SIGNS: IMAGING APPROACH AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Abdominal Pain Nausea and Vomiting Small Bowel Obstruction and Ileus Diarrhea Constipation Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding Jaundice DISORDERS AFFECTING MULTIPLE ORGANS: IMAGING APPROACH Infectious, Inflammatory, and Degenerative Abdominal Abscesses and Fistulas HIV/AIDS IgG4-Related Disease Vasculitis Sarcoidosis Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis and Esophagitis Scleroderma and Related Disorders Cystic Fibrosis Trauma and Foreign Bodies Abdominal Trauma Foreign Bodies Barotrauma Neoplasms Leukemia and Lymphoma GI Stromal Tumors Neuroendocrine Tumors ABDOMINAL WALL AND PERITONEAL CAVITY: IMAGING APPROACH AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Peritoneum, Mesentery, and Abdominal Wall: Imaging Approach and Differential DiagnosiS Infectious, Inflammatory, and Degenerative Peritonitis Ascites Inguinal Hernia Femoral Hernia Ventral Hernia Umbilical Hernia Obturator Hernia Spigelian Hernia Lumbar Hernia Paraduodenal Hernia Transmesenteric Hernia Bochdalek Hernia Morgagni Hernia Mesenteritis Benign Neoplasms and Tumor-Like Conditions Lymphangioma (Mesenteric Cyst) Desmoid Malignant Neoplasms Abdominal Mesothelioma Peritoneal Metastases and Lymphoma Pseudomyxoma Peritonei ESOPHAGUS: IMAGING APPROACH AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Esophagus: Imaging Approach and Differential Diagnosis Infectious, Inflammatory, and Degenerative Candida Esophagitis Viral Esophagitis Chagas Disease Reflux Esophagitis Barrett Esophagus Caustic Esophagitis Drug-Induced Esophagitis Radiation Esophagitis Epidermolysis and Pemphigoid Esophageal Webs Schatzki Ring Cricopharyngeal Achalasia Achalasia Esophageal Motility Disturbances Zenker Diverticulum Pulsion Diverticulum Traction Diverticulum Intramural Pseudodiverticulosis Trauma Esophageal Perforation Boerhaave Syndrome Treatment Related Esophagectomy: Ivor Lewis and Other Procedures Fundoplication and Other Antireflux Procedures Benign Neoplasms and Tumor-Like Conditions Intramural Benign Esophageal Tumors Fibrovascular Polyp Esophageal Inflammatory Polyp Malignant Neoplasms Esophageal Carcinoma Esophageal Metastases and Lymphoma STOMACH AND DUODENUM: IMAGING APPROACH AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Stomach: Imaging Approach and Differential Diagnosis Embryology and Anomalies Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis Duodenal Stenosis or Atresia Gastric Diverticulum Duodenal Diverticulum Infectious, Inflammatory, and Degenerative Gastritis and Duodenitis Duodenal Ulcer Gastric Ulcer Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome Ménétrier Disease Gastroparesis Gastric Bezoar Hiatal Hernia Gastric Volvulus Treatment Related Iatrogenic Injury: Feeding Tubes Partial Gastrectomy: Bilroth Procedures Imaging of Bariatric Surgery Benign Neoplasms and Tumor-Like Conditions Gastric Polyps Intramural Benign Gastric Tumors Malignant Neoplasms Gastric Carcinoma Gastric Metastases and Lymphoma SMALL INTESTINE: IMAGING APPROACH AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Small Intestine: Imaging Approach and Differential Diagnosis Embryology and Anomalies Malrotation Duplication Cyst Meckel Diverticulum Infectious, Inflammatory, and Degenerative Small Bowel Diverticula Mesenteric Adenitis and Enteritis Opportunistic Intestinal Infections Intestinal Parasites and Infestation Celiac Sprue Disease Intestinal Lymphangiectasia Whipple Disease Mastocytosis Crohn Disease Intestinal (Angioneurotic) Angioedema Small Bowel NSAID Stricture Pneumatosis of the Intestine Bowel Ischemia Intussusception Gallstone Ileus Treatment Related Postoperative State, Bowel Radiation Enteritis and Colitis Small Intestine Transplantation Benign Neoplasms Hamartomatous Polyposis Syndromes Malignant Neoplasms Small Bowel Carcinoma Intestinal Metastases and Lymphoma COLON: IMAGING APPROACH AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Colon: Imaging Approach and Differential Diagnosis Infectious, Inflammatory, and Degenerative Infectious Colitis Neutropenic Colitis (Typhlitis) Ulcerative Colitis Toxic Megacolon Ischemic Colitis Appendicitis Colonic Diverticulosis Epiploic Appendagitis Omental Infarct Sigmoid Volvulus Cecal Volvulus Colonic Ileus and Ogilvie Syndrome Trauma Colorectal Trauma Benign Neoplasms and Tumor-Like Conditions Colonic Polyps Villous Adenoma Malignant Neoplasms Colon Carcinoma Rectal Carcinoma Familial Polyposis and Gardner Syndrome Appendiceal Tumors Colonic Metastases and Lymphoma LIVER: IMAGING APPROACH AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Liver: Imaging Approach and Differential Diagnosis Emryology and Anomalies Congenital Hepatic Fibrosis Hepatic AD Polycystic Kidney Disease Infectious, Inflammatory, and Degenerative Hepatic Pyogenic Abscess Hepatic TB and Fungal Infections Hepatic Amebic Abscess Hepatic Hydatid Cyst Hepatic Schistosomiasis Viral Hepatitis Alcoholic Liver Disease Autoimmune Hepatitis Steatosis and Steatohepatitis Hepatic Injury From Toxins Cirrhosis Nodular Regenerative Hyperplasia Regenerative and Dysplastic Nodules Glycogen Storage Disease Hemochromatosis (Iron Overload Disorders) Wilson Disease Vascular Disorders Arterioportal Shunt Portal Vein Occlusion Passive Hepatic Congestion Budd-Chiari Syndrome Venoocclusive Disease Hepatic Infarction Peliosis Hepatis Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia Treatment Related Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) Hepatic Transplantation Benign Neoplasms and Tumor-Like Conditions Hepatic Cyst Hepatic Cavernous Hemangioma Focal Nodular Hyperplasia Hepatic Adenoma Biliary Hamartomas Hepatic Angiomyolipoma and Lipoma Hepatic Inflammatory Pseudotumor Malignant Neoplasms Hepatocellular Carcinoma Fibrolamellar Carcinoma Peripheral (Intrahepatic) Cholangiocarcinoma Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma Biliary Cystadenocarcinoma Hepatic Angiosarcoma Hepatic Metastases and Lymphoma BILIARY SYSTEM: IMAGING APPROACH AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Biliary System: Imaging Approach and Differential Diagnosis Embryology and Anomalies Congenital Abnormalities of the Gallbladder Caroli Disease Choledochal Cyst Infectious, Inflammatory, and Degenerative Ascending Cholangitis Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis Pancreatobiliary Parasites Gallstones and Sludge Gallbladder Hydrops and Empyema Gallbaldder Hydrops and Empyema Acute Calculous Cholecystitis Acalculous Cholecystitis Emphysematous Cholecystitis Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis Mirizzi Syndrome Hyperplastic Cholecystoses Porcelain Gallbladder Treatment Related Chemotherapy-Induced Cholangitis Benign Neoplasms and Tumor-Like Conditions Gallbladder Polyps Biliary Papillomatosis Malignant Neoplasms Gallbladder Carcinoma Cholangiocarcinoma Ampullary Carcinoma Biliary IPMN Biliary Metastases and Lymphoma PANCREAS: IMAGING APPROACH AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Pancreas: Imaging Approach and Differential Diagnosis Embryology and Anomalies Agenesis of Dorsal Pancreas Annular Pancreas Pancreas Divisum Ectopic Pancreatic Tissue Infectious, Inflammatory, and Degenerative Acute Pancreatitis and Complications Chronic Pancreatitis Groove Pancreatitis Autoimmune (IgG4) Pancreatitis Treatment Related Postoperative Pancreas Pancreatic Transplantation Benign Neoplasms and Tumor-Like Conditions Nonneoplastic Pancreatic Cysts Pancreatic Serous Cystadenoma Malignant Pancreatic Neoplasms Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma Mucinous Cystic Pancreatic Tumor Pancreatic IPMN Pancreatic Solid and Pseudopapillary Epithelial Neoplasm Pancreatic Metastases and Lymphoma Atypical and Rare Pancreatic Tumors

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsAbbara, CT & MR in Cardiology Introduction and Overview Cardiac CT: Acquisition and Postprocessing Indications and Interpretation Cardiac MR: Acquisition and Imaging Protocols Multimodality Approach to Cardiovascular Disorders Cardiac Anatomy Coronary Artery Disease Approach to Coronary Heart Disease Coronary Anatomy Myocardial Bridge Duplicate LAD Anomalous Origin from Opposite Sinus Anomalous Left Coronary Artery, Benign Anomalous LCX Anomalous RCA Coronary Fistula Bland-White-Garland Syndrome Coronary Artery Aneurysm Kawasaki Disease Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Coronary Thrombosis Coronary Artery Stenosis Ischemia Imaging With CT-FFR Ischemia Imaging With CT Perfusion Ischemia Imaging With MR Coronary Embolism Coronary Artery Dissection Acute Myocardial Infarction Right Ventricular Infarction Infarction LAD Distribution Nontransmural Myocardial Infarction Chronic Myocardial Infarction Nonatherosclerosis Myocardial Infarction Papillary Muscle Rupture Postinfarction Mitral Regurgitation Left Ventricular Free Wall Rupture Ventricular Septal Rupture Postinfarction LV Aneurysm Postinfarction LV Pseudoaneurysm Postangioplasty Restenosis In-Stent Restenosis Post-CABG Thrombosis Post-CABG Atherosclerosis Post-CABG Aneurysm Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies Approach to Heart Failure Right Heart Failure Left Heart Failure Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Right Ventricular Hypertrophy PVH/Pulmonary Edema (Cardiogenic) Imaging of Cardiomyopathies: Evidence and Technique Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Cardiac Amyloidosis Cardiac Sarcoidosis Myocarditis Hypereosinophilic Syndrome Endomyocardial Fibrosis Arrhythmogenic RV Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy Left Ventricular Noncompaction Chagas Disease Iron Overload Syndromes Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Muscular Dystrophy, Storage Disorders Devices in Heart, Including VAD Heart Transplant Valvular Approach to Valvular Disease Bicuspid Aortic Valve Aortic Stenosis Aortic Regurgitation Mitral Stenosis Mitral Valve Prolapse Mitral Regurgitation Mitral Annular Calcification Tricuspid Stenosis Tricuspid Regurgitation Carcinoid Syndrome Pulmonary Stenosis Pulmonary Regurgitation Multivalvular Disease Infective Endocarditis Rheumatic Heart Disease Radiation Valvular Disease Valvular Prosthesis Prosthetic Valve Complications Left Ventricular Apical Aortic Conduit Pericardial Approach to Pericardial Disease Pericardial Anatomy Acute and Uremic Pericarditis Uremic Pericarditis Chronic Inflammatory Pericarditis Neoplastic Pericardial Involvement Constrictive Pericarditis Pericardial Cyst Absent Pericardium Pericardial Effusion Pericardial Tamponade Effusive Constrictive Pericarditis Pericardial Mesothelioma Cardiac Neoplasms Approach to Neoplastic Disease Tumor Mimics Lipomatous Hypertrophy, Interatrial Septum Cardiac Thrombus Atrial Myxoma Papillary Fibroelastoma Cardiac Lipoma Hemangioma Paraganglioma Rhabdomyoma Fibroma Metastatic Disease Tumor Extension Into the Atria Cardiac Sarcoma Lymphoma Leukemia Congenital Heart Disease Anatomical Approach to Congenital Heart Disease Surgeries for Congenital Heart Disease Imaging Approach for CHD Tetralogy of Fallot Tetralogy of Fallot: Postsurgical and Palliation, BT Shunt D-Transposition of Great Arteries L-Transposition of Great Arteries Truncus Arteriosus Single Ventricle Pulmonary Atresia Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome Ebstein Anomaly Cor Triatriatum Heterotaxia Syndromes Approach to Shunts Atrial Septal Defects Ventricular Septal Defects Endocardial Cushion Defect Patent Ductus Arteriosus AP Window Interventional and Electrophysiological Procedures Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Procedure Planning Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Follow-Up Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair Pacemakers/ICDs Imaging Before and After Electrophysiology Procedures Pulmonary Vein Mapping Left Atrial Thrombus LAA Imaging Pre and Post Occluder Device Placement Evaluation for CRT MR Prior to Ablation of Scar in Ventricle Aorta Approach to Congenital and Acquired Disease of the Aorta Thoracic Aorta and Great Vessel Anatomy Coarctation of Aorta Interrupted/Hyoplastic Aorta Double Aortic Arch Right Aortic Arch Persistent Fifth Arch Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery Pseudocoarctation Ductus Diverticulum Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Mycotic Aneurysm Marfan Syndrome Aortic Dissection Aortic Intramural Hematoma Penetrating Atherosclerotic Ulcer Takayasu Arteritis Giant Cell Arteritis Traumatic Aortic Laceration Chronic Post-Traumatic Pseudoaneurysm Surgeries of Thoracic Aorta Postsurgical Complications Pulmonary Arteries Approach to Pulmonary Vasculature Proximal Interruption of Pulmonary Artery Pulmonary Sling Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation Pulmonary Aneurysm Pulmonary Pseudoaneurysm Acute Pulmonary Embolism Chronic Pulmonary Embolism Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Pulmonary Venoocclusive Disease Pulmonary Artery Stenosis Veins Approach to Venous Disease Venous Anatomy Left Superior Vena Cava Azygos Continuation of the IVC Scimitar Syndrome Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return Pulmonary Vein Stenosis Superior Vena Cava Syndrome

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"This work will be essential in all departments of radiology as a benchbook and will be of use to both specialist and trainee musculoskeletal radiologists. Orthopaedic surgeons will also find the content and tips invaluable." "The book addresses a gap in the book literature, and this second edition has new chapters reportedly reflecting advances in imaging techniques and new teaching approaches. It is a very useful guide for trainees who are learning to perform image-guided arthrography. It should be included in all resident libraries." Reviewed by Tara M Catanzano, MD (Baystate Medical Center) Doody's Score: 96, 4 Stars!Table of ContentsGENERAL PRINCIPLES Fluoroscopic-Guided Joint Injections Ultrasound-Guided Joint Injections Tendon Sheath Injections Aspiration for Fluid Analysis Therapeutic Injections Arthrographic Appearance of Arthritides SHOULDER Shoulder Procedures Shoulder Anatomy ABER Positioning HAGL Lesion Bankart Lesion and its Variants Posterior Labroligamentous Complex Injuries Chondral & Osteochondral Injury, Shoulder SLAP and Rotator Interval Tears Capsular Laxity & Adhesive Capsulitis Rotator Cuff Tear Postoperative Findings, Shoulder ELBOW Elbow Procedures Elbow Anatomy Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injury Radial Collateral Ligament Injury Chondral & Osteochondral Injury, Elbow WRIST Wrist Procedures Wrist Anatomy Scapholunate Ligament Injury Lunatotriquetral Ligament Injury Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Injury Ulnar Impaction Syndrome Chondral & Osteochondral Injury, Wrist Postoperative Findings, Wrist HIP Hip Procedures Hip Anatomy Labral Tear, Hip Femoroacetabular Impingement Capsular Ligament Injury, Hip Developmental Dysplasia Perthes Disease Chondral and Osteochondral Injury, Hip Postoperative Findings, Hip Ligamentum Teres Abnormality Iiliopsoas Impingement SACROILIAC JOINT Sacroiliac Joint and Pubic Symphysis Procedures Sacroiliac Joint & Pubic Symphysis Anatomy KNEE Knee Procedures Knee Anatomy Meniscal Injury Chondral & Osteochondral Injury, Knee Postoperative Findings, Knee ANKLE Ankle Procedures Ankle Anatomy Lateral Ligament Injury, Ankle Medial Ligament Injury, Ankle Impingement Syndromes, Ankle Chondral & Osteochondral Injury, Ankle Postoperative Findings, Ankle FOOT Foot Procedures Foot Anatomy Ligament Injury, Foot Chondral & Osteochondral Injury, Foot

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Physics, Machine and Technique 2. Artifacts 3. Peritonsillar Abscess 4. Neck Masses 5. Ocular 6. Carotid Artery 7. Cranial 8. Lungs 9. Transthoracic Echocardiography 10. Pediatric Transthoracic Echocardiography 11. Transesophageal Echocardiography 12. Approach to the Patient with Shortness of Breath 13. Approach to the Patient with Chest Pain 14. Ultrasound-Guided Resuscitation 15. FAST of the Abdomen - Beyond Basics: False Positives, Limitations, and Approach to the Unstable Patient 16. Liver and Spleen 17. Gallbladder and Biliary 18. Pancreas 19. Kidney and Renal Transplant 20. Abdominal Aorta 21. Lower Abdomen and Bowel 22. Male Pelvis 23. Female Pelvis, Nonpregnant 24. Female Pelvis, Pregnant - First Trimester 25. Female Pelvis, Pregnant - Second/Third Trimester 26. Peripheral Veins and Arteries 27. Soft Tissue 28. Musculoskeletal 29. Ultrasound-Guided Procedures 30. Venous Access 31. Nerve Blocks

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsFundamentals of Body CT 5E Part 1 - The Thorax 1. Introduction to CT of the Torax: Chest CT Techniques 2. Mediastinum: Introduction and Normal Anatomy 3. Mediastinum: Vascular Abnormalities and Pulmonary Embolism 4. Mediastinum: Lymph Node Abnormalities and Masses 5. The Pulmonary Hila 6. Lung Disease A. Lung Nodules and Cancer Screening B. Diffuse and Other Types of Lung Disease 7. Pleura, Chest Wall, and Diaphragm Part 2 - The Abdomen and Pelvis 8. Introduction to CT of the Abdomen and Pelvis 9. Peritoneal Cavity, Vessels, Nodes, and Abdominal Wall 10. Abdominal Trauma 11. Liver 12. Biliary Tree and Gallbladder 13. Pancreas 14. Spleen 15. Kidneys and Ureters 16. Adrenal Glands 17. Gastrointestinal Tract 18. Pelvis Part 3 - Musculoskeletal System 19. CT in Musculoskeletal Trauma 20. CT in Musculoskeletal Nontrauma

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsLyshchik, Specialty Imaging: Fundamentals of CEUS Introduction History of CEUS Physical Principles of Microbubble-Based Contrast Agents Imaging Safety and Biological Effects of Microbubble-Based Contrast Agents Quantification Cost Efficiency of CEUS Ultrasound Contrast Agents Ultrasound Contrast Agents: SonoVue/Lumason Ultrasound Contrast Agents: Definity Ultrasound Contrast Agents: Optison Ultrasound Contrast Agents: Sonazoid CEUS Technique CEUS Technique: Machine Settings/Injection Setup CEUS Technique: Protocols CEUS Technique: Artifacts CEUS Technique: Tips for Beginners CEUS Technique: Pitfalls CEUS Lexicon CEUS Lexicon Liver Liver: CEUS Protocol Liver: Benign Focal Lesions Liver: Malignant Focal Lesions in Normal Liver Liver: Focal Lesions in High-Risk Patients Liver: CEUS LI-RADS Liver: Tumor Imaging With Sonazoid Liver: Multimodality Assessment of Focal Lesions (US, CEUS, CT, MR) Liver: Transplant Evaluation Liver: Diffuse Liver Disease/Portal Hypertension Liver: Biliary Tract Liver: Gallbladder Liver: Pseudolesions Liver: Infection Kidney Kidney: Benign Lesions Kidney: Malignant Lesions Kidney: Lesion Classification Approach Kidney: Renal Infection Kidney: Renal Transplant Evaluation Bowel Bowel: IBD Bowel: Inflammatory Masses Bowel: Tumors Pancreas Pancreas: Cystic Lesions Pancreas: Solid Lesions Pancreas: Pancreatitis Spleen Spleen: Benign Lesions Spleen: Malignant Lesions Spleen: Diffuse Disease Adrenal Glands Adrenal Glands: Benign Lesions Adrenal Glands: Malignant Lesions Adrenal Glands: Diffuse Disease Gynecology Gynecology: Uterine and Cervical Tumors Gynecology: Benign Adnexal Masses Gynecology: Malignant Adnexal Masses Gynecology: Ovarion Torsion Gynecology: Entopic Pregnancy Gynecology: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Prostate Prostate: Benign Lesions Prostate: Malignant Lesions Prostate: Diffuse Disease Scrotum Scrotum: Benign Lesions Scrotum: Malignant Lesions Scrotum: Diffuse Disease Scrotum: Testicular Torsion Breast Breast: Benign Lesions Breast: Malignant Lesions Breast: Diffuse Disease Thyroid Thyroid: Benign Nodules Thyroid: Thyroid Cancer Thyroid: Acute and Chronic Thyroiditis Parathyroid Parathyroid Lymph Nodes Lymph Nodes Vascular CEUS Vascular CEUS CEUS-Guided Interventions Preprocedure Evaluation and Procedure Guidance CEUS in Treatment Response Evaluation CEUS in Treatment Response Evaluation: Evaluation of Chemotherapy Response CEUS in Treatment Response Evaluation: Cryoablation CEUS in Treatment Response Evaluation: RFA and Microwaive CEUS in Treatment Response Evaluation: TACE and Y-90 CEUS of Thorax CEUS of Thorax Intracavitary CEUS Intracavitary CEUS Endoscopic CEUS Endoscopic CEUS Abdominal Trauma Abdominal Trauma Pediatric Applications Pediatric Applications: Focal Liver Lesions Pediatric Applications: Focal Renal Lesions Pediatric Applications: Bowel Imaging Pediatric Applications: Voiding Urosongraphy (ceVUS) Pediatric Applications: Small Parts

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsOpening Round 1. Portal venous gas; mesenteric ischemia 2. Focal Nodular Hyperplasia 3. Cirrhosis and portal venous hypertension 4. Hepatic Adenoma 5. Budd Chiari 6. Acute cholecystitis 7. Gallbladder perforation 8. Porcelian gallbladder 9. Gallbladder polyp 10. Acute pancreatitis 11. Chronic pancreatitis 12. Pancreatic Cancer 13. Splenic abscess 14. Splenic cyst 15. Splenic Gamna Gandy bodies 16. Wandering spleen 17. Splenic laceration 18. Adrenal myelolipoma 19. Adrenal cyst 20. Lipid poor adrenal adenoma 21. Deep renal laceration with active bleeding 22. Acute obstructing ureteral calculus 23. Acute pyelonephritis 24. Horseshoe kidney 25. Crossed fused ectopia 26. Retrocaval ureter 27. Renal stone 28. Bladder cancer (Synchronous transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and ureter). 29. Bladder cancer 30. Urethral diverticulum 31. Acute Emphysematous cystitis 32. Extraperitoneal bladder rupture 33. Bladder distension/Urinary retention 34. Mature cystic teratoma 35. Bicornuate uterus 36. Vaginal wall cyst 37. Infected Bartholin's cyst 38. Endometrial carcinoma 39. Endometriomas 40. C-section defect 41. Fibroids 42. Ovarian vein thrombosis 43. Normal ovaries and corpus luteum 44. Proximal fallopian tube occlusion/hydrosalpinx 45. Adenomyosis 46. Testicular torsion 47. Fournier's gangrene 48. Esophageal adenocarcinoma, with esophageal stent migration 49. Cricopharyngeal bar 50. Schatzki Ring 51. Small Bowel Obstruction 52. Contrast enema; large bowel obstruction 53. Diverticulitis 54. Colon cancer 55. Pseudomembranous colitis 56. Acute appendicitis CT and US 57. VP Shunt Pseudocyst 58. Malpositioned enteric tube 59. Ascites 60. Intraperitoneal free air on supine abdominal radiograph Fair Game 61. Hepatocellular Carcinoma 62. Fatty liver; Occult liver metastasis 63. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma 64. Hepatic Abscess 65. Gallbladder cancer 66. Emphysematous cholecystitis 67. Mirizzi's syndrome 68. Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis 69. Pancreas divisum 70. Pancreatic laceration 71. Pancreatic laceration 72. Splenic angiosarcoma with liver metastases 73. Splenic hamartoma 74. Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage 75. Pheochromocytoma 76. Renal arteriovenous shunt 77. Fibromusclar dysplasia 78. Acquired cystic kidney disease 79. Renal cell carcinoma with IVC thrombus 80. Deep renal laceration (IV) 81. Renal lymphoma with diffuse infiltration 82. Angiomyolipoma with hemorrhage 83. Pelvic kidney 84. Forniceal rupture 85. Renal devascularization (Grade V) 86. Urachal remnant adenocarcinoma 87. Urethral diverticulum cancer 88. Bladder rupture 89. Leiomyosarcoma 90. Cervical carcinoma 91. Endometriosis with adenomyosis 92. Submucosal fibroid 93. Abdominal wall endometrioma 94. Acute ovarian torsion 95. Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome 96. Testicular carcinoma with retroperitoneal mass 97. Testicular carcinoma with retroperitoneal mass 98. Prostate abscess 99. Prostate anatomy on MRI 100. Prostatitis 101. Prostate Adenocarcinoma 102. Gastric emphysema 103. Slipped gastric band 104. Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass; Gastro-gastric fistula 105. Nissen fundoplication 106. Paraesophageal hernia, Type III 107. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) with metastasis to liver 108. Small bowel lymphoma 109. Small bowel carcinoid 110. Small bowel Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) 111. Acute mesenteric ischemia 112. Epiploic appendagitis 113. Epithelial appendiceal neoplasm 114. Diaphragmatic herniation Challenge 115. MRI Safety 116. Iron overload 117. Inflammatory Pseudotumor 118. Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telengiectasia 119. Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma 120. Perforated peptic ulcer 121. Biliary Cystadenoma 122. Biliary stricture post liver transplantation 123. Ectopic pancreas 124. Insulinoma 125. IgG4-related autoimmune pancreatitis 126. Main duct IPMN 127. Cystic pancreatic lesion 128. Splenic sarcoidosis 129. Splenic rupture 130. Splenic lymphangiomatosis 131. Adrenocortical carcinoma 132. Adrenal Castleman's disease 133. Renal abscess 134. Acute cholecystitis 135. Bosniak classification 136. Bladder carcinoma staging 137. Perivascular epitheloid cell tumor (PEComa) of the uterus 138. Rectal endometriosis 139. Cervical carcinoma staging 140. Endometrial carcinoma staging 141. Ovarian metastases 142. Ovarian carcinoma staging 143. Ovarian serous low grade tumor 144. Granulosa cell tumor 145. Endometroid carcinoma 146. C-section scar implantation of pregnancy 147. Intravascular leiomyomatosis 148. Placenta accreta spectrum 149. Penile fracture 150. Penile mass 151. Peyronie's disease 152. Prostate cancer with extraprostatic extension 153. Post-prostatectomy prostate cancer recurrence 154. Gastric lymphoma 155. Krukenberg tumor 156. Crohn's Disease - Active Inflammation 157. Crohn's Disease: Stricture 158. Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) involving small bowel 159. Internal hernia 160. Intussuception 161. Villous adenoma of the rectum 162. T3 Rectal adenocarcinoma 163. Cervical cancer 164. Fistula-in-ano 165. MRI in pregnancy: acute appendicitis

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsCardiac High-Output Heart Failure Massive Cardiomegaly Cardiac or Pericardial Mass Acyanotic Heart Disease With Increased Vascularity Cyanotic Heart Disease With Decreased Vascularity Cyanotic Heart Disease With Variable or Increased Vascularity Right Atrial Enlargement Right Ventricular Enlargement Small Pulmonary Artery Prominent Pulmonary Artery Left Atrial Enlargement Left Heart Obstructive Lesion Congenital Aortic Arch Anomalies Obstructive Aortic Arch Lesions Dilated Thoracic Aorta Situs Anomalies Chest Reticulonodular Infiltrate Neonatal Irregular Lung Opacities Bubbly Lungs Unilateral Hyperlucent Lung Bilateral Hyperlucent Lungs Lung Cavity Lucent Lung Mass Round Lung Mass Multiple Pulmonary Nodules Consolidation Neonatal Chest Mass Chest Wall Mass Rib Lesion Pneumothorax Pneumomediastinum Mediastinal Widening Anterior Mediastinal Mass Middle Mediastinal Mass Posterior Mediastinal Mass Esophageal Stricture Esophageal Extrinsic Impressions Gastrointestinal Neonatal Proximal Bowel Obstruction Neonatal Distal Bowel Obstruction Microcolon Dilated Stomach Duodenal Obstruction Small Bowel Obstructions Beyond Neonates Diffusely Abnormal Small Bowel Acute Abdomen in Infants and Children Right Lower Quadrant Pain Abnormal Appendix Intussusception Colitis Pneumatosis Pneumoperitoneum Mesenteric Lesions Cystic Abdominal Mass Abdominal Mass in Neonate Solid Abdominal Mass in Child Abdominal Aortic Anomalies Hepatic Mass in Neonate Hepatic Mass in Child Multiple Liver Lesions Pancreatic Mass Splenic Lesions Abdominal Calcifications in Child Metallic Foreign Bodies Genitourinary Retroperitoneal Mass Suprarenal Mass Solid Renal Mass, Solitary Solid Renal Mass, Multifocal Renal Cysts Bilateral Hydronephrosis Unilateral Hydronephrosis Pelvic Mass Ovarian Mass Scrotal Mass Scrotal Pain Bladder Mass Urethral Variations and Abnormalities Musculoskeletal Epiphyseal Irregularity or Stippling Epiphyseal Overgrowth Dense Metaphyseal Bands and Lines Lucent Metaphyseal Bands and Lines Metaphyseal Fraying/Irregularity Metaphyseal Cupping Physeal Widening Physeal Bridge/Growth Arrest Bubbly Bone Lesion Multifocal Nonaggressive Bone Lesions Multifocal Aggressive Bone Lesions Extensive Marrow Abnormalities Diaphyseal Lesion Sclerotic Bone Lesions Painful Hip Abnormal Femoral Head Coxa Magna Deformity Joint Effusion or Synovitis Arthritis in Child Elbow Fractures Radial Dysplasia/Aplasia Lower Extremity Bowing Congenital Foot Deformity Skeletal Dysplasia With Short Extremities Skeletal Dysplasia With Short Ribs Skeletal Dysplasia With Major Spine Involvement Focal Gigantism/Macrodactyly Soft Tissue Mass Soft Tissue Calcifications Multifocal Periosteal Reaction Child Abuse Brain Microcephaly Macrocrania/Macrocephaly Subarachnoid Space Normal Variants Ventriculomegaly Intracranial Hemorrhage Suprasellar Mass Pineal Mass Cerebral Hemisphere Mass Lateral Ventricular Mass Posterior Fossa Neoplasm Cystic-Appearing Posterior Fossa Lesion Extraaxial Mass Brain Tumor in Newborn or Infant Thick Cerebral Cortex Abnormal Shape/Configuration of Corpus Callosum Signal/Attenuation Abnormalities of Corpus Callosum Abnormal Brainstem Morphology Congenital Cerebellar Malformation Intracranial Calcifications Multifocal White Matter Abnormalities Metabolic Disorders Affecting Primarily White Matter Diffuse Abnormalities of Myelination Deep Gray Nuclei Abnormalities Ring-Enhancing Lesions Craniocervical Arterial Stenosis Sulcal or Cisternal Enhancement Skull Base Lesion Head and Neck Stridor Epiglottitis Thickened Retropharyngeal Tissues Enlarged Lymph Nodes in Neck Solid Neck Mass in Neonate Solid Neck Mass in Child Cystic Neck Mass in Child Transspatial Mass Extraluminal Gas in Neck Leukocoria Ocular Lesion Microphthalmos Macrophthalmos Optic Nerve or Nerve Sheath Lesion Rapidly Developing Proptosis Sinonasal Mass Congenital Midline Nasal Lesion Nasal Obstruction in Newborn Congenital Anomalies of Skull Base Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Child Inner Ear Lesion in Child Middle Ear Lesion in Child Spine Scoliosis Kyphosis Bullet-Shaped Vertebra/Anterior Vertebral Body Beaking Scalloped Vertebral Bodies Vertebra Plana or Platyspondyly Back Pain Spinal Dysraphic Lesion Presacral or Sacrococcygeal Mass Intramedullary Spinal Cord Lesion

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1 A Multidisciplinary Approach to Cancer: A Radiologist's View 2 A Multidisciplinary Approach to Cancer: A Surgeon's View 3 A Multidisciplinary Approach to Cancer: A Medical Oncologist's View 4 A Multidisciplinary Approach to Cancer: A Radiation Oncologist's View 5 Assessing Response to Therapy 6 Head and Neck Cancer 7 Lung Cancer 8 Primary Mediastinal Neoplasms 9 Pleural Tumors 10 Liver Cancer: Hepatocellular and Fibrolamellar Carcinoma 11 Cholangiocarcinoma 12 Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma 13 Cystic Pancreatic Lesions 14 Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors 15 Esophageal Cancer 16 Gastric Carcinoma 17 Small Bowel Malignant Tumors 18 Colorectal Cancer 19 Renal Tumors 20 Urothelial Carcinoma (Bladder Cancer and Upper Tracts) 21 Testicular Germ Cell Tumors 22 Primary Adrenal Malignancy 23 Prostate Cancer 24 Primary Retroperitoneal Tumors 25 Tumors of the Uterine Corpus 26 Cervical Cancer 27 Ovarian Cancer 28 Breast Cancer 29 Myeloma and Leukemia 30 Hematologic Malignancy: The Lymphomas 31 Thoracic Metastatic Disease 32 Metastases Abdominal-Pelvic Organs 33 Peritoneal Cavity and Gastrointestinal Tract 34 Bone Metastases 35 Cancer of Unknown Primary 36 Imaging in Thyroid Cancer 37 Melanoma 38 Soft Tissue Sarcomas 39 Interventional Imaging in the Oncologic Patient 40 Complications in the Oncologic Patient: Chest 41 Complications in the Oncologic Patient: Abdomen and Pelvis 42 Pulmonary Embolic Disease and Cardiac Masses and Tumors 43 Protocols for Imaging Studies in the Oncologic Patient 44 Front Matter

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsChapter 1: Mammography Acquisition Chapter 2: Mammogram Analysis and Interpretation Chapter 3: Mammographic Analysis of Breast Calcifications Chapter 4: Mammographic and Ultrasound Analysis of Breast Masses Chapter 5: Breast Ultrasound Principles Chapter 6: Mammographic and Ultrasound-Guided Breast Biopsy Procedures Chapter 7: Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Breast Cancer and MRI-Guided Breast Biopsy Chapter 8: Breast Cancer Treatment-Related Imaging and the Postoperative Breast Chapter 9: Breast Implants and the Reconstructed Breast Chapter 10: Clinical Problems and Unusual Breast Conditions Chapter 11: FDG-PET/CT and Nuclear Medicine for the Evaluation of Breast Cancer

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsSECTION 1: AIRWAY 4 Approach to Pediatric Airway A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP NORMAL DYNAMIC AIRWAY FINDINGS IN INFANTS 6 Expiratory Buckling of Trachea A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 7 Pseudothickening of Retropharyngeal Tissues A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP NEWBORN AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION 8 Congenital Nasal Pyriform Aperture Stenosis Bernadette L. Koch, MD 10 Nasolacrimal Duct Mucocele Bernadette L. Koch, MD and Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR 12 Choanal Atresia Bernadette L. Koch, MD 14 Lymphatic Malformation, Cervical Bernadette L. Koch, MD 16 Congenital High Airway Obstruction Syndrome A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 17 Tracheal Agenesis A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP INFECTIOUS CAUSES OF AIRWAY COMPROMISE 18 Epiglottitis Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 22 Croup Emily S. Orscheln, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 26 Exudative Tracheitis A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 30 Retropharyngeal Space Abscess Bernadette L. Koch, MD EXTRINSIC VASCULAR COMPRESSION OF AIRWAY 34 Double Aortic Arch Randy R. Richardson, MD and Mantosh S. Rattan, MD 38 Pulmonary Sling Randy R. Richardson, MD and Mantosh S. Rattan, MD 42 Innominate Artery Compression Syndrome Prakash M. Masand, MD and Randy R. Richardson, MD 44 Right Arch With Aberrant Left Subclavian Artery Randy R. Richardson, MD and Prakash M. Masand, MD MISCELLANEOUS AIRWAY OBSTRUCTIONS 46 Infantile Hemangioma, Airway Bernadette L. Koch, MD 48 Tracheobronchomalacia Randy R. Richardson, MD and Mantosh S. Rattan, MD SECTION 2: CHEST 52 Approach to Pediatric Chest Randy R. Richardson, MD and Mantosh S. Rattan, MD NORMAL DEVELOPMENTAL VARIANTS 56 Normal Thymus Arthur B. Meyers, MD 60 Palpable Normal Variants of Chest Wall A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP CONGENITAL LUNG LESIONS 62 Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation Hank Baskin, MD 66 Bronchopulmonary Sequestration A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 70 Bronchogenic Cyst Emily S. Orscheln, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 74 Congenital Lobar Overinflation Hank Baskin, MD 78 Bronchial Atresia A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP and Randy R. Richardson, MD NEONATAL CHEST ISSUES 80 Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula Steven J. Kraus, MD 84 Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 88 Surfactant Deficiency Disease Hank Baskin, MD 92 Neonatal Pneumonia Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 94 Meconium Aspiration Syndrome Emily S. Orscheln, MD 96 Transient Tachypnea of Newborn Hank Baskin, MD and Randy R. Richardson, MD 98 Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema Emily S. Orscheln, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 102 Neonatal Pneumothorax Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 104 Chylothorax Randy R. Richardson, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 106 Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Emily S. Orscheln, MD 110 Umbilical Catheter Positions and Complications Emily S. Orscheln, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 112 Esophageal Intubation Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 113 ECMO Catheters Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 114 PICCs Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc CHEST INFECTIONS 116 Viral Chest Infection Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 120 COVID-19/MIS-C Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 124 Round Pneumonia Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 128 Parapneumonic Effusion and Empyema Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 130 Pneumonia With Cavitary Necrosis Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 134 Fungal Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Children Alexander J. Towbin, MD 136 Papillomatosis Alexander J. Towbin, MD MEDIASTINAL MASSES 140 Lymphoma Alexander J. Towbin, MD 144 Germ Cell Tumors Alexander J. Towbin, MD 148 Neuroblastoma, Thoracic Alexander J. Towbin, MD PULMONARY MASSES 152 Pleuropulmonary Blastoma Alexander J. Towbin, MD 156 Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation Hank Baskin, MD TRAUMA 158 Child Abuse, Rib Fractures Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 162 Lung Contusion and Laceration Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 166 Aortic Injury Hank Baskin, MD 170 Pneumomediastinum Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc PEDIATRIC INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASES 174 Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia of Infancy Mantosh S. Rattan, MD and Randy R. Richardson, MD 176 Pulmonary Interstitial Glycogenosis Randy R. Richardson, MD and Mantosh S. Rattan, MD 178 Alveolar Growth Abnormality Mantosh S. Rattan, MD and Randy R. Richardson, MD 180 Surfactant Dysfunction Disorders Mantosh S. Rattan, MD and Randy R. Richardson, MD 182 Swyer-James Hank Baskin, MD 184 Lymphangioleiomyomatosis A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 186 Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Pulmonary Randy R. Richardson, MD and Mantosh S. Rattan, MD MISCELLANEOUS 188 Asthma Hank Baskin, MD 192 Bronchial Obstruction Hank Baskin, MD 196 Cystic Fibrosis, Pulmonary Randy R. Richardson, MD 200 Chronic Esophageal Foreign Body Randy R. Richardson, MD 202 Sickle Cell Disease, Acute Chest Syndrome Alexander J. Towbin, MD 206 Pectus Excavatum Mantosh S. Rattan, MD and Randy R. Richardson, MD 208 Minimally Invasive Pectus Repair Appearance Randy R. Richardson, MD and Mantosh S. Rattan, MD 209 Askin Tumor/Ewing Sarcoma of Chest Wall Arthur B. Meyers, MD 210 Chest Wall Hamartoma A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 211 Kaposiform Lymphangiomatosis A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 212 EVALI Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc SECTION 3: CARDIAC 216 Approach to Pediatric Heart Randy R. Richardson, MD CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE 220 Atrial Septal Defect Randy R. Richardson, MD 224 Ventricular Septal Defect Randy R. Richardson, MD 228 Atrioventricular Septal Defect Randy R. Richardson, MD 232 Patent Ductus Arteriosus Randy R. Richardson, MD 236 Tetralogy of Fallot Randy R. Richardson, MD and Ryan A. Moore, MD 240 Pulmonary Atresia Randy R. Richardson, MD 244 Ebstein Anomaly Randy R. Richardson, MD 248 D-Transposition of Great Arteries Randy R. Richardson, MD Artery Anomalous Origin Randy R. Richardson, MD and Ryan A. Moore, MD 270 Double Outlet Right Ventricle Randy R. Richardson, MD 272 Aortic Coarctation Randy R. Richardson, MD 276 Aortic Stenosis Randy R. Richardson, MD 280 Pulmonary Artery Stenosis Randy R. Richardson, MD 284 Scimitar Syndrome Randy R. Richardson, MD SURGICAL PROCEDURES FOR CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE 286 Glenn Shunt Randy R. Richardson, MD and Prakash M. Masand, MD 288 Fontan Operation Randy R. Richardson, MD and Prakash M. Masand, MD 290 Arterial Switch Procedure Randy R. Richardson, MD and Prakash M. Masand, MD 292 Norwood Procedure Randy R. Richardson, MD 294 Blalock-Taussig Shunt Randy R. Richardson, MD and Prakash M. Masand, MD 296 Amplatzer Occluder Device Randy R. Richardson, MD 298 Sano Shunt Randy R. Richardson, MD and Prakash M. Masand, MD CARDIOMYOPATHIES 300 Myocarditis Randy R. Richardson, MD and Ryan A. Moore, MD 302 Left Ventricular Noncompaction Randy R. Richardson, MD and Ryan A. Moore, MD 304 Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Randy R. Richardson, MD and Ryan A. Moore, MD 306 Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy-Related Cardiomyopathy Randy R. Richardson, MD and Ryan A. Moore, MD 308 Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia Leila Rezai Gharai, MD, John D. Grizzard, MD, and Randy R. Richardson, MD MISCELLANEOUS 312 Heterotaxia Syndromes Randy R. Richardson, MD and Ryan A. Moore, MD 316 Rhabdomyoma Randy R. Richardson, MD, Ryan A. Moore, MD, and Paula J. Woodward, MD 320 Kawasaki Disease Randy R. Richardson, MD and Ryan A. Moore, MD 324 Rheumatic Heart Disease Randy R. Richardson, MD 326 Marfan Syndrome Randy R. Richardson, MD 328 Loeys-Dietz Syndrome Randy R. Richardson, MD SECTION 4: GASTROINTESTINAL 332 Approach to Pediatric Gastrointestinal Tract Alexander J. Towbin, MD NORMAL PEDIATRIC VARIANTS 336 Normal Variations of Duodenojejunal Junction Position Steven J. Kraus, MD 340 Normal Variations of Cecal Position Steven J. Kraus, MD 342 Age-Related Appearance of Spleen Ethan A. Smith, MD NEONATAL UPPER INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTIONS 344 Malrotation Steven J. Kraus, MD 348 Midgut Volvulus Steven J. Kraus, MD 352 Duodenal Atresia or Stenosis Steven J. Kraus, MD 356 Duodenal Web Steven J. Kraus, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 357 Pyloric Atresia A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP NEONATAL LOWER INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTIONS 358 Jejunoileal Atresia Steven J. Kraus, MD 362 Colonic Atresia Steven J. Kraus, MD 363 Multiple Intestinal Atresias A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 364 Meconium Ileus Steven J. Kraus, MD 368 Neonatal Small Left Colon A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 370 Hirschsprung Disease Steven J. Kraus, MD 374 Anorectal Malformations Steven J. Kraus, MD Reflux Steven J. Kraus, MD 390 Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 394 Gastric Volvulus Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 396 Ingested Coins Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 398 Ingested Button Batteries Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 400 Ingested Multiple Magnets Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc ABNORMALITIES OF ABDOMINAL WALL 402 Hernias Alexander J. Towbin, MD 406 Omphalocele A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 410 Gastroschisis A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 414 Cloacal Exstrophy/OEIS A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 415 Limb-Body Wall Complex A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP OTHER ABNORMALITIES ASSOCIATED WITH BOWEL OBSTRUCTION 416 Appendicitis Emily S. Orscheln, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 420 Ileocolic Intussusception Steven J. Kraus, MD 424 Meckel Diverticulum Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 428 Colonic Volvulus Steven J. Kraus, MD 430 Internal Hernia Ethan A. Smith, MD 431 Segmental Volvulus Ethan A. Smith, MD LIVER ABNORMALITIES 432 Hepatoblastoma Alexander J. Towbin, MD 436 Hepatic Hemangiomas, Infantile and Congenital A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 440 Focal Nodular Hyperplasia Ethan A. Smith, MD 442 Hepatic Adenoma Ethan A. Smith, MD 444 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Alexander J. Towbin, MD 445 Undifferentiated Embryonal Sarcoma Alexander J. Towbin, MD 446 Mesenchymal Hamartoma A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 447 Biliary Rhabdomyosarcoma Alexander J. Towbin, MD 448 Biliary Atresia Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 452 Choledochal Cyst Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 456 Caroli Disease Alexander J. Towbin, MD 458 Fibrosis/Cirrhosis Alexander J. Towbin, MD 460 Steatosis/Steatohepatitis Alexander J. Towbin, MD 462 Hepatic Venoocclusive Disease Ethan A. Smith, MD 464 Abernethy Malformation Alexander J. Towbin, MD 466 Liver Transplant Complications Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP and Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc SPLENIC ABNORMALITIES 470 Wandering Spleen A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 472 Splenic Infarct Ethan A. Smith, MD 474 Splenic Cysts Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 476 Cat-Scratch Disease A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP PANCREATIC ABNORMALITIES 478 Pancreatoblastoma Alexander J. Towbin, MD 480 Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm Alexander J. Towbin, MD 482 Pancreas Divisum Alexander J. Towbin, MD 484 Pancreaticobiliary Maljunction Alexander J. Towbin, MD 486 Annular Pancreas Alexander J. Towbin, MD 488 Pancreatitis Alexander J. Towbin, MD MESENTERIC ABNORMALITIES 492 Primary Mesenteric Adenitis Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 494 Mesenteric Lymphatic Malformation A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 496 Omental Infarction Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc TRAUMA 498 Hypoperfusion Complex Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 502 Bowel Injury Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 506 Hepatic Trauma Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 510 Splenic Trauma Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 514 Duodenal Trauma Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 518 Pancreatic Trauma Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc ABNORMALITIES IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED CHILDREN 522 Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disease Alexander J. Towbin, MD 526 Pseudomembranous Colitis Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 528 Neutropenic Colitis Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 530 Graft-vs.-Host Disease Ethan A. Smith, MD 532 Chronic Granulomatous Disease Alexander J. Towbin, MD 536 Pneumatosis in Older Children Ethan A. Smith, MD INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE 538 Crohn Disease Alexander J. Towbin, MD 542 Ulcerative Colitis Alexander J. Towbin, MD MISCELLANEOUS 544 Esophageal Strictures Alexander J. Towbin, MD 548 Bezoars Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 552 Gastrointestinal Duplication Cysts A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 556 Small Bowel Intussusception Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 558 Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 562 Cystic Fibrosis, Gastrointestinal Tract Alexander J. Towbin, MD 566 Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc and Swathi Selvam, MD 570 Burkitt Lymphoma Ethan A. Smith, MD 572 Castleman Disease Ethan A. Smith, MD 573 Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor Ethan A. Smith, MD 574 Abdominal Aneurysms Ethan A. Smith, MD SECTION 5: GENITOURINARY 578 Approach to Pediatric Genitourinary Tract Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP NORMAL DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES 582 Normal Neonatal Kidney Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 584 Normal Neonatal Adrenal Gland Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 586 Normal Prepubertal Uterus and Ovaries Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP CONGENITAL URINARY TRACT ABNORMALITIES 588 Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 592 Vesicoureteral Reflux Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 596 Ureteropelvic Duplications Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 600 Ureterocele Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 604 Primary Megaureter Steven J. Kraus, MD 606 Megaureter-Megacystis Steven J. Kraus, MD 607 Megacystis-Microcolon-Intestinal Hypoperistalsis Syndrome Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 608 Prune-Belly Syndrome Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 610 Posterior Urethral Valves Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 614 Urachal Abnormalities Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 618 Cloaca Malformation Steven J. Kraus, MD 620 Bladder Exstrophy Steven J. Kraus, MD 622 Renal Ectopia and Fusion Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 626 Renal Agenesis Ethan A. Smith, MD MULTICYSTIC RENAL DISEASE 628 Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 632 Polycystic Kidney Disease, Autosomal Recessive Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 636 Polycystic Kidney Disease, Autosomal Dominant Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP RENAL MASSES 638 Wilms Tumor Ethan A. Smith, MD and Hank Baskin, MD 642 Nephroblastomatosis Alexander J. Towbin, MD 646 Multilocular Cystic Nephroma Alexander J. Towbin, MD 648 Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 652 Renal Rhabdoid Tumor Ethan A. Smith, MD 653 Clear Cell Sarcoma of Kidney Ethan A. Smith, MD 654 Renal Cell Carcinoma Ethan A. Smith, MD 656 Renal Medullary Carcinoma Alexander J. Towbin, MD 658 Angiomyolipoma Alexander J. Towbin, MD MISCELLANEOUS RENAL CONDITIONS 662 Pyelonephritis Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 666 Renal Injury Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 670 Renal Stones Alexander J. Towbin, MD 674 Transient Neonatal Renal Medullary Hyperechogenicity Arthur B. Meyers, MD 676 Renal Vein Thrombosis Ethan A. Smith, MD 678 Renal Artery Stenosis Ethan A. Smith, MD 679 Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP BLADDER ABNORMALITIES 680 Neurogenic Bladder Steven J. Kraus, MD 684 Bladder Diverticula Steven J. Kraus, MD 686 Post-Deflux Procedure Appearance Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 688 Rhabdomyosarcoma, Genitourinary Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP ADRENAL ABNORMALITIES 692 Neonatal Adrenal Hemorrhage Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 696 Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Alexander J. Towbin, MD 700 Neuroblastoma A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 706 Adrenocortical Carcinoma Alexander J. Towbin, MD 708 Pheochromocytoma Alexander J. Towbin, MD UTERINE AND OVARIAN ABNORMALITIES 710 Hydrometrocolpos Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 714 Müllerian Duct Anomalies Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 718 Ovarian Cyst Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 722 Ovarian Teratoma Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 726 Ovarian Malignancies of Childhood Alexander J. Towbin, MD 730 Ovarian Torsion Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 734 Ectopic Ovary Hank Baskin, MD SCROTAL/TESTICULAR ABNORMALITIES 736 Epididymoorchitis Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 740 Testicular Torsion Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 744 Torsion of Testicular Appendage Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 748 Paratesticular Rhabdomyosarcoma Hank Baskin, MD 750 Testicular Tumors Hank Baskin, MD 754 Testicular Trauma Hank Baskin, MD 756 Ectopic Testicle Hank Baskin, MD 758 Variations of Hydroceles Ethan A. Smith, MD SECTION 6: MUSCULOSKELETAL 762 Approach to Pediatric Musculoskeletal System Christopher G. Anton, MD NORMAL DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES 766 Primary and Secondary Growth Centers Arthur B. Meyers, MD 768 Red to Yellow Marrow Conversion Arthur B. Meyers, MD 770 Normal Developmental Variants Confused With Disease A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 776 Distal Femoral Avulsive Irregularity A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP CONGENITAL ANOMALIES 778 VACTERL Association Arthur B. Meyers, MD 782 Polydactyly Arthur B. Meyers, MD 783 Tibial/Fibular Hemimelia Arthur B. Meyers, MD 784 Tibial Bowing Arthur B. Meyers, MD 785 Arthrogryposis Arthur B. Meyers, MD 786 Clubfoot Arthur B. Meyers, MD 788 Discoid Meniscus Christopher G. Anton, MD TRAUMA: GENERAL 792 Physeal Fractures Arthur B. Meyers, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 796 Apophyseal Injuries A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 800 Incomplete Fractures Emily S. Orscheln, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 802 Child Abuse, Metaphyseal Fracture Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc 806 Other Fractures of Child Abuse Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 810 Stress Injuries Arthur B. Meyers, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 814 Osteochondroses Arthur B. Meyers, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 816 Osteochondritis Dissecans Arthur B. Meyers, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 820 Fracture Complications Arthur B. Meyers, MD 824 Orthopedic Hardware and Complications Arthur B. Meyers, MD 828 Soft Tissue Foreign Bodies, Acute and Chronic Arthur B. Meyers, MD 830 Morel-Lavallée Lesion A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 831 Muscle Hernia A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP TRAUMA: UPPER EXTREMITY 832 Supracondylar Fracture A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 836 Lateral Condylar Fracture Christopher G. Anton, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 840 Medial Epicondyle Avulsion A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 842 Forearm Fractures Emily S. Orscheln, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 844 Clavicle Injuries Arthur B. Meyers, MD TRAUMA: LOWER EXTREMITY 846 ACL Injuries Arthur B. Meyers, MD 850 Patellar Dislocation Arthur B. Meyers, MD 854 Patellar Sleeve Avulsion A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 855 Tibial Tubercle Avulsion A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 856 Triplane Fracture Christopher G. Anton, MD 858 Juvenile Tillaux Fracture Emily S. Orscheln, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 860 Toddler's Fracture Emily S. Orscheln, MD 861 Trampoline Fracture Emily S. Orscheln, MD INFECTION AND INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS 862 Osteomyelitis A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 868 Syphilis Arthur B. Meyers, MD 870 Septic Arthritis A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 872 Transient Synovitis A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 874 Soft Tissue Abscess A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 876 Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Christopher G. Anton, MD 880 Dermatomyositis Christopher G. Anton, MD 882 Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis Arthur B. Meyers, MD SOFT TISSUE MASSES 886 Infantile Hemangioma A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 890 Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 892 Venous Malformation A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 896 Lymphatic Malformation A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 900 Arteriovenous Malformation (MSK) A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 902 Fibromatosis Christopher G. Anton, MD 906 Infantile Myofibroma/Myofibromatosis A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 908 Plexiform Neurofibroma Arthur B. Meyers, MD 910 Lipoblastoma A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 911 Pilomatrixoma A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 912 Rhabdomyosarcoma, Musculoskeletal Christopher G. Anton, MD 916 Nonrhabdomyosarcoma Soft Tissue Sarcomas (NRSTS) Arthur B. Meyers, MD 920 Granuloma Annulare Arthur B. Meyers, MD 922 Myositis Ossificans Arthur B. Meyers, MD FOCAL, MULTIFOCAL, AND DIFFUSE BONE LESIONS 924 Ewing Sarcoma Christopher G. Anton, MD 928 Osteosarcoma Christopher G. Anton, MD 932 Leukemia Christopher G. Anton, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 936 Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 940 Nonossifying Fibroma A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 944 Osteoid Osteoma A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 948 Chondroblastoma A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 950 Osteochondroma A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP ABNORMALITIES OF HIP 954 Developmental Hip Dysplasia Hank Baskin, MD 958 Proximal Focal Femoral Deficiency Christopher G. Anton, MD 960 Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease Arthur B. Meyers, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 964 Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP CONSTITUTIONAL DISORDERS OF BONE 968 Achondroplasia Christopher G. Anton, MD 972 Mucopolysaccharidoses Arthur B. Meyers, MD 976 Osteogenesis Imperfecta Arthur B. Meyers, MD 980 Osteopetrosis A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP MISCELLANEOUS 982 Rickets A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 986 Sickle Cell Disease A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 990 Scoliosis Christopher G. Anton, MD 994 Tarsal Coalition Christopher G. Anton, MD 998 Brachial Plexopathy Arthur B. Meyers, MD 1000 Hemophilia A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP SECTION 7: BRAIN 1004 Approach to Pediatric Brain Luke L. Linscott, MD NORMAL DEVELOPMENTAL VARIATION 1008 Normal Myelination Blaise V. Jones, MD 1012 Enlarged Subarachnoid Spaces Luke L. Linscott, MD 1014 Cavum Septum Pellucidum Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1015 Cavum Veli Interpositi Usha D. Nagaraj, MD CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS 1016 Dandy-Walker Continuum Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1020 Other Cerebellar Malformations Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1022 Cephalocele Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1024 Holoprosencephalies Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1026 Callosal Anomalies Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1028 Hemimegalencephaly Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1030 Lissencephaly Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1032 Heterotopic Gray Matter Luke L. Linscott, MD 1034 Schizencephaly Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1036 Polymicrogyria Luke L. Linscott, MD 1038 Focal Cortical Dysplasia Luke L. Linscott, MD 1040 Chiari 1 Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1042 Chiari 2 Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1044 Aqueductal Stenosis Usha D. Nagaraj, MD PHAKOMATOSES 1046 Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Luke L. Linscott, MD 1050 Tuberous Sclerosis Luke L. Linscott, MD 1052 Sturge-Weber Syndrome Luke L. Linscott, MD 1054 PHACES Syndrome Bernadette L. Koch, MD and Caroline D. Robson, MBChB 1055 Neurocutaneous Melanosis Luke L. Linscott, MD CYSTS AND NEOPLASMS 1056 Colloid Cyst Luke L. Linscott, MD 1058 Arachnoid Cyst Luke L. Linscott, MD 1060 Dermoid and Epidermoid Cysts Luke L. Linscott, MD 1062 Pineal Cyst Luke L. Linscott, MD 1063 Enlarged Perivascular Spaces Luke L. Linscott, MD 1064 Pilocytic Astrocytoma Luke L. Linscott, MD 1066 Medulloblastoma Luke L. Linscott, MD 1068 Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor Luke L. Linscott, MD 1070 Posterior Fossa Ependyoma Luke L. Linscott, MD 1072 Supratentorial Ependymoma Luke L. Linscott, MD 1073 Glioblastoma Luke L. Linscott, MD 1074 Brainstem Tumors Luke L. Linscott, MD 1078 DNET Luke L. Linscott, MD 1079 Ganglioglioma Luke L. Linscott, MD 1080 Desmoplastic Infantile Tumors Luke L. Linscott, MD 1081 Embryonal Tumor With Multilayered Rosettes Luke L. Linscott, MD 1082 Craniopharyngioma Luke L. Linscott, MD 1084 Germinoma, Brain Luke L. Linscott, MD 1086 Choroid Plexus Tumors Luke L. Linscott, MD TRAUMATIC AND VASCULAR LESIONS 1088 Abusive Head Trauma Luke L. Linscott, MD 1092 Germinal Matrix Hemorrhage Luke L. Linscott, MD 1096 White Matter Injury of Prematurity Luke L. Linscott, MD 1098 Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Luke L. Linscott, MD 1100 Childhood Stroke Luke L. Linscott, MD 1102 Moyamoya Luke L. Linscott, MD 1104 Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation Luke L. Linscott, MD 1106 Arteriovenous Malformation Luke L. Linscott, MD 1108 Cavernous Malformation Luke L. Linscott, MD 1110 Birth Injury Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1112 Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Luke L. Linscott, MD 1114 Childhood Aneurysms Luke L. Linscott, MD METABOLIC, INFECTIOUS, AND INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS 1116 Metabolic Brain Disease Blaise V. Jones, MD 1120 Mitochondrial Encephalopathies Blaise V. Jones, MD 1122 Leukodystrophies Blaise V. Jones, MD 1124 TORCH Infections Blaise V. Jones, MD 1126 Brain Abscess Blaise V. Jones, MD 1128 Acute Encephalitis Blaise V. Jones, MD 1130 Demyelinating Diseases Blaise V. Jones, MD MISCELLANEOUS 1132 Craniosynostoses Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1136 CSF Shunts and Complications Usha D. Nagaraj, MD SECTION 8: SPINE 1142 Approach to Pediatric Spine Blaise V. Jones, MD CONGENITAL SPINAL MALFORMATIONS 1144 Myelomeningocele Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1146 Lipomyelomeningocele Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1147 Dorsal Dermal Sinus Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1148 Caudal Regression Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1149 Split Cord Malformation Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1150 Terminal Myelocystocele Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1151 Neurenteric Cyst Usha D. Nagaraj, MD 1152 Tethered Spinal Cord Blaise V. Jones, MD 1153 Diffuse Leptomeningeal Glioneuronal Tumor Luke L. Linscott, MD 1154 Syringomyelia Blaise V. Jones, MD NEOPLASMS 1156 Spinal Cord Ependymoma Blaise V. Jones, MD 1158 Spinal Cord Astrocytoma Blaise V. Jones, MD 1160 Sacrococcygeal Teratoma Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP INFLAMMATORY LESIONS 1164 Discitis/Osteomyelitis Luke L. Linscott, MD 1166 Inflammatory Myelopathies Blaise V. Jones, MD TRAUMA 1168 Craniocervical Junction Injuries Luke L. Linscott, MD 1172 Chance Fracture Blaise V. Jones, MD and A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP 1174 Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis Christopher G. Anton, MD SECTION 9: HEAD AND NECK 1178 Approach to Congenital Cystic Neck Masses Bernadette L. Koch, MD NASAL AND SINUS CAVITIES 1182 Nasal Dermal Sinus Bernadette L. Koch, MD and Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR 1186 Juvenile Angiofibroma Bernadette L. Koch, MD and Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR 1190 Acute Rhinosinusitis Nicholas A. Koontz, MD ORBIT 1194 Orbital Cellulitis Bernadette L. Koch, MD 1198 Retinoblastoma Bernadette L. Koch, MD TEMPORAL BONE 1202 Congenital Auricle Malformations Bernadette L. Koch, MD 1204 Large Vestibular Aqueduct William T. O'Brien, Sr., DO, FAOCR and Bernadette L. Koch, MD 1206 Congenital Cholesteatoma Bernadette L. Koch, MD 1208 Acquired Cholesteatoma Bernadette L. Koch, MD 1210 Acute Otomastoiditis With Abscess Luke L. Linscott, MD SYNDROMES WITH CRANIOFACIAL INVOLVEMENT 1214 CHARGE Syndrome William T. O'Brien, Sr., DO, FAOCR and Bernadette L. Koch, MD 1215 Branchiootorenal Syndrome William T. O'Brien, Sr., DO, FAOCR and Caroline D. Robson, MBChB 1216 Treacher Collins Syndrome Bernadette L. Koch, MD and Caroline D. Robson, MBChB 1217 Pierre Robin Sequence Bernadette L. Koch, MD and Caroline D. Robson, MBChB NECK MASSES BEYOND NEWBORN PERIOD 1218 Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Bernadette L. Koch, MD 1222 Branchial Cleft Anomalies Bernadette L. Koch, MD 1226 Acute Parotitis Bernadette L. Koch, MD 1228 Infantile Hemangioma, Cervicofacial Bernadette L. Koch, MD 1232 Rhabdomyosarcoma, Head and Neck Bernadette L. Koch, MD 1236 Fibromatosis Colli Sara M. O'Hara, MD, FAAP 1240 Suppurative Adenitis Bernadette L. Koch, MD and Nicholas A. Koontz, MD

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewDoody's Core Titles® 2022Table of ContentsAnatomy Abdomen Liver Biliary System Spleen Pancreas Kidneys Bowel Abdominal Lymph Nodes Peritoneal Spaces and Structures Abdominal Wall Pelvis Ureters and Bladder Prostate Testes Uterus Cervix Vagina Ovaries Diagnoses Liver Introduction and Overview Approach to Hepatic Sonography Diffuse Parenchymal Disease Acute Hepatitis Hepatic Cirrhosis Hepatic Fibrosis/Elastography Hepatic Steatosis Hepatic Schistosomiasis Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome (Venoocclusive Disease) Ultrasound LI-RADS Cyst and Cyst-Like Lesions Hepatic Cyst Biliary Hamartoma Caroli Disease Biloma Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm of Liver Pyogenic Hepatic Abscess Amebic Hepatic Abscess Hepatic *Echinococcus* Cyst Hepatic Diffuse Microabscesses Peribiliary Cyst Focal Solid Masses Hepatic Cavernous Hemangioma Focal Nodular Hyperplasia Hepatic Adenoma Hepatocellular Carcinoma Hepatic Metastases Hepatic Lymphoma CEUS LI-RADS Vascular Conditions Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) Portal Vein Occlusion Budd-Chiari Syndrome Portal Vein Gas Portal Hypertension Hepatic Artery Pseudoaneurysm Liver Transplants Liver Transplant Hepatic Artery Stenosis/Thrombosis Liver Transplant Portal Vein Stenosis/Thrombosis Liver Transplant Hepatic Venous Stenosis/Thrombosis Liver Transplant Biliary Stricture Biliary System Introduction and Overview Approach to Biliary Sonography Gallstones and Mimics Cholelithiasis Gallbladder Polyps Gallbladder Wall Pathology Acute Calculous Cholecystitis Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis Chronic Cholecystitis Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis Porcelain Gallbladder Hyperplastic Cholecystosis (Adenomyomatosis) Gallbladder Carcinoma Ductal Pathology Biliary Ductal Dilatation Choledochal Malformation Choledocholithiasis Biliary Ductal Gas Cholangiocarcinoma Ascending Cholangitis Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis Pancreas Introduction and Overview Approach to Pancreatic Sonography Pancreatitis Acute Pancreatitis Pancreatic Pseudocyst Chronic Pancreatitis Simple Cysts and Cystic Neoplasms Mucinous Cystic Pancreatic Tumor Serous Cystadenoma of Pancreas Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm (IPMN) Solid-Appearing Pancreatic Neoplasms Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm Pancreas Transplant Approach to Pancreatic Transplant Sonography Pancreas Transplant Vascular Complications Pancreas Transplant Nonvascular Complications Spleen Introduction and Overview Approach to Splenic Sonography Splenic Lesions Splenomegaly Splenic Cyst Splenic Tumors Splenic Infarct Urinary Tract Introduction and Overview Approach to Urinary Tract Sonography Normal Variants and Pseudolesions Column of Bertin, Kidney Renal Junction Line Renal Ectopia Horseshoe Kidney Ureteral Duplication Ureteral Ectopia Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Calculi and Calcinosis Urolithiasis Nephrocalcinosis Hydronephrosis Cysts and Cystic Disorders Simple Renal Cyst Complex Renal Cyst Cystic Disease of Dialysis Cystic Nephroma Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Urinary Tract Infection Acute Pyelonephritis Renal Abscess Emphysematous Pyelonephritis Pyonephrosis Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis Tuberculosis, Urinary Tract Solid Renal Neoplasms Renal Cell Carcinoma Renal Angiomyolipoma Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Renal Lymphoma Vascular Conditions Renal Artery Stenosis Renal Vein Thrombosis Renal Infarct Perinephric Hematoma Prostate Prostatic Hyperplasia Prostatic Carcinoma Bladder Bladder Carcinoma Ureterocele Bladder Diverticulum Bladder Calculi Schistosomiasis, Bladder Urethral Diverticulum Kidney Transplant Introduction and Overview Approach to Sonography of Renal Allografts Renal Transplant Complications Allograft Hydronephrosis Perirenal Transplant Fluid Collections Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis Transplant Renal Artery Thrombosis Transplant Renal Vein Thrombosis Renal Transplant Arteriovenous (AV) Fistula Renal Transplant Pseudoaneurysm Renal Transplant Rejection Delayed Renal Graft Function Adrenal Gland Adrenal Hemorrhage Myelolipoma Adrenal Adenoma Adrenal Cyst Pheochromocytoma Adrenal Carcinoma Abdominal Wall/Peritoneal Cavity Approach to Sonography of Abdominal Wall/Peritoneal Cavity Abdominal Wall Hernia Groin Hernia Ascites Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Peritoneal Space Abscess Segmental Omental Infarction Bowel Approach to Bowel Sonography Bowel Features Appendicitis Appendiceal Mucocele Intussusception Epiploic Appendagitis Diverticulitis Crohn Disease Bowel Masses Scrotum Introduction and Overview Approach to Scrotal Sonography Scrotal Lesions Testicular Germ Cell Tumors Gonadal Stromal Tumors, Testis Testicular Lymphoma/Leukemia Epidermoid Cyst Tubular Ectasia of Rete Testis Testicular Microlithiasis Testicular Torsion/Infarction Undescended Testis Epididymitis/Orchitis Scrotal Trauma Hydrocele Spermatocele/Epididymal Cyst Adenomatoid Tumor Varicocele Female Pelvis Introduction and Overview Approach to Sonography of the Female Pelvis Cervical and Myometrial Pathology Nabothian Cyst Cervical Carcinoma Adenomyosis Leiomyoma Uterine Anomalies Endometrial Disorders Hematometrocolpos Endometrial Polyp Endometrial Carcinoma Endometritis Intrauterine Device Pregnancy-Related Disorders Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy Unusual Ectopic Pregnancies Failed First Trimester Pregnancy Retained Products of Conception Gestational Trophoblastic Disease Ovarian Cysts and Cystic Neoplasms Functional Ovarian Cyst Hemorrhagic Cyst Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome Serous Ovarian Cystadenoma/Carcinoma Mucinous Ovarian Cystadenoma/Carcinoma Ovarian Teratoma Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Endometrioma O-RADS Non-Ovarian Cystic Masses Hydrosalpinx Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Parovarian Cyst Peritoneal Inclusion Cyst Vaginal and Vulvar Cysts Bartholin Cyst Gartner Duct Cyst Miscellaneous Ovarian Masses Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor Adnexal/Ovarian Torsion Ovarian Metastases Including Krukenberg Tumor Differential Diagnoses Liver Hepatomegaly Diffuse Liver Disease Cystic Liver Lesion Hypoechoic Liver Mass Echogenic Liver Mass Target Lesions in Liver Multiple Hepatic Masses Hepatic Mass With Central Scar Periportal Lesion Irregular Hepatic Surface Portal Vein Abnormality Biliary System Gallbladder Diffuse Gallbladder Wall Thickening Hyperechoic Gallbladder Wall Focal Gallbladder Wall Thickening/Mass Echogenic Material in Gallbladder Lumen Dilated Gallbladder Bile Ducts Intrahepatic and Extrahepatic Duct Dilatation Pancreas Cystic Pancreatic Lesion Solid Pancreatic Lesion Pancreatic Duct Dilatation Spleen Focal Splenic Lesion Urinary Tract Intraluminal Bladder Mass Abnormal Bladder Wall Kidney Enlarged Kidney Small Kidney Hypoechoic Kidney Hyperechoic Kidney Cystic Renal Mass Solid Renal Mass Renal Pseudotumor Dilated Renal Pelvis Abdominal Wall/Peritoneal Cavity Diffuse Peritoneal Fluid Solid Peritoneal Mass Cystic Peritoneal Mass Prostate Enlarged Prostate Focal Lesion in Prostate Bowel Bowel Wall Thickening Scrotum Diffuse Testicular Enlargement Decreased Testicular Size Testicular Calcifications Focal Testicular Mass Focal Extratesticular Mass Extratesticular Cystic Mass Female Pelvis Cystic Adnexal Mass Solid Adnexal Mass Extraovarian Adnexal Mass Enlarged Ovary Enlarged Uterus Abnormal Endometrium

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsSECTION 1: OVERVIEW AND INTRODUCTION 4 Imaging Approaches Bryan R. Foster, MD and Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD SECTION 2: RETROPERITONEUM 12 Introduction to Retroperitoneum Bryan R. Foster, MD and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR CONGENITAL 16 Duplications and Anomalies of IVC Bryan R. Foster, MD and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR INFLAMMATION 20 Retroperitoneal Fibrosis Alice Fung, MD and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR DEGENERATIVE 24 Pelvic Lipomatosis Bryan R. Foster, MD and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR TREATMENT RELATED 26 Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage Alice Fung, MD and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR 30 Postoperative Lymphocele Alice Fung, MD and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR BENIGN NEOPLASMS 32 Retroperitoneal Neurogenic Tumor Bryan R. Foster, MD and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS 36 Retroperitoneal Sarcoma Alice Fung, MD 40 Retroperitoneal and Mesenteric Lymphoma Alice Fung, MD and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR 44 Retroperitoneal Metastases Bryan R. Foster, MD and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR 48 Solitary Fibrous Tumor Bryan R. Foster, MD SECTION 3: ADRENAL 52 Introduction to Adrenals Mitchell Tublin, MD, Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD, and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR INFECTION 56 Adrenal Tuberculosis and Fungal Infection Mitchell Tublin, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR METABOLIC OR INHERITED 58 Adrenal Hyperplasia Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD 60 Adrenal Insufficiency Mitchell Tublin, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR TRAUMA 62 Adrenal Hemorrhage Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD, Mitchell Tublin, MD, and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR BENIGN NEOPLASMS 66 Adrenal Cyst Mitchell Tublin, MD 70 Adrenal Adenoma Mitchell Tublin, MD and Mark D. Sugi, MD 76 Adrenal Myelolipoma Mitchell Tublin, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 80 Pheochromocytoma Mitchell Tublin, MD and Mark D. Sugi, MD MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS 86 Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma Mitchell Tublin, MD, Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD, and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 90 Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma Staging Akram M. Shaaban, MBBCh 102 Adrenal Lymphoma Mitchell Tublin, MD and Mark D. Sugi, MD 104 Adrenal Metastases Mitchell Tublin, MD and Mark D. Sugi, MD 108 Adrenal Collision Tumor Mitchell Tublin, MD and Mark D. Sugi, MD SECTION 4: KIDNEY AND RENAL PELVIS 112 Introduction to Renal Physiology and Contrast Alessandro Furlan, MD and Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD 114 Introduction to Kidney and Renal Pelvis Alessandro Furlan, MD NORMAL VARIANTS AND PSEUDOLESIONS 120 Renal Fetal Lobation Amir A. Borhani, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 122 Junctional Cortical Defect Amir A. Borhani, MD 124 Column of Bertin Amir A. Borhani, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR CONGENITAL 126 Horseshoe Kidney Alessandro Furlan, MD, Mark D. Sugi, MD, and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 130 Renal Ectopia and Agenesis Alessandro Furlan, MD, Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR, and Mark D. Sugi, MD 134 Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Alessandro Furlan, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 138 Congenital Megacalyces and Megaureter Alessandro Furlan, MD and Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD 140 Renal Lymphangiomatosis Alessandro Furlan, MD and Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD INFECTION 142 Acute Pyelonephritis Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD and Alessandro Furlan, MD 146 Chronic Pyelonephritis/Reflux Nephropathy Alessandro Furlan, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD 148 Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis Lori Mankowski Gettle, MD, MBA, FSRU, Alessandro Furlan, MD, and R. Brooke Jeffrey, MD 152 Emphysematous Pyelonephritis Lori Mankowski Gettle, MD, MBA, FSRU, Alessandro Furlan, MD, and R. Brooke Jeffrey, MD 154 Renal Abscess Lori Mankowski Gettle, MD, MBA, FSRU, Alessandro Furlan, MD, and R. Brooke Jeffrey, MD 158 Pyonephrosis Lori Mankowski Gettle, MD, MBA, FSRU and Alessandro Furlan, MD 160 Opportunistic Renal Infections Alessandro Furlan, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD RENAL CYSTIC DISEASE 162 Renal Cyst Kanupriya Vijay, MD and Alessandro Furlan, MD 166 Parapelvic (Peripelvic) Cyst Kanupriya Vijay, MD and Alessandro Furlan, MD 168 Bosniak Classification of Cystic Masses Benjamin Wildman-Tobriner, MD and Kevin Kalisz, MD 172 Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Bryan R. Foster, MD and Alessandro Furlan, MD 176 Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD and Alessandro Furlan, MD 178 von Hippel-Lindau Disease Alessandro Furlan, MD and Mark D. Sugi, MD 182 Medullary Cystic Diseases Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 184 Lithium Nephropathy Lori Mankowski Gettle, MD, MBA, FSRU, Alessandro Furlan, MD, and Amir A. Borhani, MD 186 Localized Cystic Renal Disease Alessandro Furlan, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR BENIGN NEOPLASMS 188 Renal Angiomyolipoma Lori Mankowski Gettle, MD, MBA, FSRU and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR 194 Renal Oncocytoma Lori Mankowski Gettle, MD, MBA, FSRU and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR 198 Metanephric Adenoma Lori Mankowski Gettle, MD, MBA, FSRU, Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD, and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR 200 Mixed Epithelial and Stromal Tumor Family Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR INFLAMMATION 202 IgG4 Renal Disease Kevin Kalisz, MD and Benjamin Wildman-Tobriner, MD 206 Histiocytic Diseases Bryan R. Foster, MD MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS 208 Renal Cell Carcinoma Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR 214 Renal Cell Carcinoma Staging Lori Mankowski Gettle, MD, MBA, FSRU and Douglas Rogers, MD 234 Medullary Carcinoma Kevin Kalisz, MD 236 Collecting Duct Carcinoma Kevin Kalisz, MD 238 Urothelial Carcinoma Lori Mankowski Gettle, MD, MBA, FSRU and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR 242 Renal Pelvis and Ureter Carcinoma Staging Akram M. Shaaban, MBBCh 260 Renal Lymphoma Lori Mankowski Gettle, MD, MBA, FSRU and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR 262 Renal Metastases Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR METABOLIC 264 Nephrocalcinosis Kevin Kalisz, MD 268 Urolithiasis Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR 272 Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR RENAL FAILURE AND MEDICAL RENAL DISEASE 274 Hydronephrosis Lori Mankowski Gettle, MD, MBA, FSRU and Alessandro Furlan, MD 276 Glomerulonephritis Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 278 Acute Tubular Injury Alessandro Furlan, MD 280 Renal Cortical Necrosis Benjamin Wildman-Tobriner, MD 282 Renal Papillary Necrosis Kevin Kalisz, MD 284 HIV Nephropathy Alessandro Furlan, MD and Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD 286 Chronic Renal Failure Alessandro Furlan, MD 288 Renal Lipomatosis Alessandro Furlan, MD, Amir A. Borhani, MD, and Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD VASCULAR DISORDERS 290 Renal Artery Stenosis Amir A. Borhani, MD and Kanupriya Vijay, MD 294 Renal Infarction Kanupriya Vijay, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD 300 Renal Vein Thrombosis Kanupriya Vijay, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD 304 Renal Vasculitis Bryan R. Foster, MD TRAUMA 306 Renal Trauma Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR and Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD 310 Urinoma Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR TRANSPLANTATION 312 Kidney Transplant Normal Anatomy Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD 316 Vascular Thrombosis in Kidney Transplants Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD 320 Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD 324 Arteriovenous Fistulas Involving Kidney Transplants Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD 326 Pseudoaneurysms Involving Kidney Transplants Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD 328 Urinary Obstruction Involving Kidney Transplants Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD 330 Perinephric Fluid Collections Involving Kidney Transplants Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD 334 Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disease Involving Kidney Transplants Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD 338 Acute Tubular Necrosis in Kidney Transplants Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD 340 Rejection in Kidney Transplants Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD TREATMENT RELATED 344 Postoperative State, Kidney Benjamin Wildman-Tobriner, MD 348 Radiation Nephropathy Benjamin Wildman-Tobriner, MD 350 Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Kevin Kalisz, MD, Benjamin Wildman-Tobriner, MD, and Amir A. Borhani, MD SECTION 5: URETER 356 Introduction to Ureter Bryan R. Foster, MD CONGENITAL 358 Duplicated and Ectopic Ureter Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD 362 Ureterocele Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, INFLAMMATION 366 Ureteritis Cystica Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD 368 Ureteral Stricture Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD TRAUMA 370 Ureteral Trauma Bryan R. Foster, MD and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR NEOPLASMS 374 Fibroepithelial Polyp Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD 376 Ureteral Urothelial Carcinoma Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD MISCELLANEOUS 380 Ureterectasis of Pregnancy Kyle K. Jensen, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD SECTION 6: BLADDER 384 Introduction to Bladder Kyle K. Jensen, MD, Amir A. Borhani, MD, and Paula J. Woodward, MD CONGENITAL 388 Urachal Anomalies Kyle K. Jensen, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD INFECTION 392 Cystitis Kyle K. Jensen, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD 394 Bladder Schistosomiasis Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD 396 Malakoplakia Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD DEGENERATIVE 398 Bladder Calculi Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD 400 Bladder Diverticulum Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD 404 Fistulas of Genitourinary Tract Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD 408 Neurogenic Bladder Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD TRAUMA 410 Bladder Trauma Kyle K. Jensen, MD and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR TREATMENT RELATED 414 Postoperative State, Bladder Benjamin Wildman-Tobriner, MD and Amir A. Borhani,MD BENIGN NEOPLASMS 418 Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD 420 Bladder and Ureteral Intramural Masses Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS 424 Urinary Bladder Carcinoma Staging Akram M. Shaaban, MBBCh 438 Squamous Cell Carcinoma Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD 440 Adenocarcinoma Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD SECTION 7: URETHRA/PENIS 444 Introduction to Urethra Bryan R. Foster, MD and Paula J. Woodward, MD NEOPLASMS 446 Urethral Carcinoma Staging Akram M. Shaaban, MBBCh INFECTION 460 Urethral Stricture Bryan R. Foster, MD and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR 462 Urethral Diverticulum Alice Fung, MD and Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR TRAUMA 466 Urethral Trauma Bryan R. Foster, MD 468 Erectile Dysfunction Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR TREATMENT RELATED 470 Penile and Urethral Implants Bryan R. Foster, MD 474 Gender-Affirming Surgery: Female to Male Kyle K. Jensen, MD 478 Gender-Affirming Surgery: Male to Female Kyle K. Jensen, MD SECTION 8: TESTES NONNEOPLASTIC CONDITIONS 486 Approach to Scrotal Sonography Bryan R. Foster, MD 488 Cryptorchidism Bryan R. Foster, MD and Paula J. Woodward, MD 490 Testicular Torsion Bryan R. Foster, MD and Shweta Bhatt, MD 494 Segmental Infarction Bryan R. Foster, MD and Mitchell Tublin, MD 496 Tubular Ectasia Alice Fung, MD and Mitchell Tublin, MD 498 Testicular Microlithiasis Alice Fung, MD and Mitchell Tublin, MD NEOPLASMS 500 Germ Cell Tumors Kyle K. Jensen, MD and Mitchell Tublin, MD 504 Testicular Carcinoma Staging Akram M. Shaaban, MBBCh 520 Stromal Tumors Kyle K. Jensen, MD and Shweta Bhatt, MD 524 Testicular Lymphoma and Leukemia Shweta Bhatt, MD and Kyle K. Jensen, MD 526 Epidermoid Cyst Kyle K. Jensen, MD and Mitchell Tublin, MD SECTION 9: EPIDIDYMIS 530 Epididymitis Bryan R. Foster, MD and Mitchell Tublin, MD 534 Adenomatoid Tumor Bryan R. Foster, MD and Katherine E. Maturen, MD, MS 536 Spermatocele/Epididymal Cyst Alice Fung, MD and Katherine E. Maturen, MD, MS 538 Sperm Granuloma Alice Fung, MD and Mitchell Tublin, MD SECTION 10: SCROTUM 542 Hydrocele Bryan R. Foster, MD 544 Varicocele Bryan R. Foster, MD and Mitchell Tublin, MD 546 Pyocele Bryan R. Foster, MD and R. Brooke Jeffrey, MD 548 Inguinal Hernia Bryan R. Foster, MD 554 Fournier Gangrene Bryan R. Foster, MD and Mitchell Tublin, MD 556 Fibrous Pseudotumor of Scrotum Bryan R. Foster, MD and Paula J. Woodward, MD 558 Scrotal Trauma Bryan R. Foster, MD and Mitchell Tublin, MD SECTION 11: SEMINAL VESICLES 564 Congenital Seminal Vesicle Lesions Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD 566 Acquired Seminal Vesicle Lesions Bryan R. Foster, MD and Amir A. Borhani, MD SECTION 12: PROSTATE 570 Prostatitis and Abscess Bryan R. Foster, MD 572 Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Bryan R. Foster, MD 576 Prostatic Cyst Bryan R. Foster, MD 578 Prostate Carcinoma Bryan R. Foster, MD 584 PI-RADS Lexicon and Usage Bryan R. Foster, MD 594 Prostate Carcinoma Staging Jeffrey Dee Olpin, MD SECTION 13: PROCEDURES 612 Native and Transplant Kidney Biopsy Zachary B. Jenner, MD and Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD 618 Percutaneous Genitourinary Interventions Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR, Ashraf Thabet, MD, and Zachary B. Jenner, MD 630 Kidney Ablation Mitchell Tublin, MD, Ashraf Thabet, MD, and Zachary B. Jenner, MD 640 Kidney Embolization Zachary B. Jenner, MD, Mitchell Tublin, MD, and Ashraf Thabet, MD 650 Venous Sampling and Venography (Renal and Adrenal) Amir A. Borhani, MD, T. Gregory Walker, MD, FSIR, and Zachary B. Jenner, MD

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"This is a thorough resource for diagnostic radiologists as it has the most recent information available for diagnostic criteria, treatments, and the best course of imaging for specific diseases. With the new chapters on COVID-19 and EVALI, this book is truly up to date and highly relevant. The book is well organized and accessible, and the digital access is a wonderful tool as it provides additional imaging and resources, such as videos." ©Doody's Review Service, 2022, Elizabeth C Brien, MD Candidate (East Tennessee State University Quillen College of Medicine) Doody's Review: 4 Stars!Table of ContentsOverview of Chest Imaging Introduction and Overview Approach to Chest Imaging Illustrated Terminology Approach to Illustrated Terminology Acinar Nodules Air Bronchogram Air-Trapping Airspace Architectural Distortion Bulla/Bleb Cavity Consolidation Cyst Ground-Glass Opacity Honeycombing Interlobular Septal Thickening Intralobular Lines Mass Miliary Pattern Mosaic Attenuation Nodule Pneumatocele Reticular Pattern Secondary Pulmonary Lobule Traction Bronchiectasis Tree-in-Bud Opacities Centrilobular Perilymphatic Distribution Chest Radiographic and CT Signs Approach to Chest Radiographic and CT Signs Air Crescent Sign Cervicothoracic Sign Comet Tail Sign CT Halo Sign Deep Sulcus Sign Fat Pad Sign Finger-in-Glove Sign Hilum Convergence Sign Hilum Overlay Sign Incomplete Border Sign Luftsichel Sign Reversed Halo Sign Rigler and Cupola Signs S-Sign of Golden Signet Ring Sign Silhouette Sign Atelectasis and Volume Loss Approach to Atelectasis and Volume Loss Atelectasis Relaxation and Compression Atelectasis Cicatricial Atelectasis Rounded Atelectasis Developmental Abnormalities Introduction and Overview Approach to Developmental Abnormalities Airways Tracheal Bronchus and Other Anomalous Bronchi Paratracheal Air Cyst Bronchial Atresia Tracheobronchomegaly Lung Extralobar Sequestration Intralobar Sequestration Diffuse Pulmonary Lymphangiomatosis Apical Lung Hernia Pulmonary Circulation Congenital Interruption Pulmonary Artery Aberrant Left Pulmonary Artery Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return Scimitar Syndrome Pulmonary Varix Meandering Pulmonary Vein Systemic Circulation Accessory Azygos Fissure Azygos and Hemiazygos Continuation of the IVC Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava Aberrant Subclavian Artery Right Aortic Arch Double Aortic Arch Aortic Coarctation Cardiac, Pericardial, and Valvular Defects Atrial Septal Defect Ventricular Septal Defect Bicuspid Aortic Valve Pulmonic Stenosis Heterotaxy Absence of the Pericardium Chest Wall and Diaphragm Poland Syndrome Pectus Deformity Kyphoscoliosis Morgagni Hernia Bochdalek Hernia Airway Diseases Introduction and Overview Approach to Airways Disease Benign Neoplasms Tracheobronchial Hamartoma Tracheobronchial Papillomatosis Malignant Neoplasms Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Airways Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma Metastasis, Airways Airway Narrowing and Wall Thickening Saber-Sheath Trachea Tracheal Stenosis Tracheobronchomalacia Middle Lobe Syndrome Airway Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis Tracheobronchial Amyloidosis Tracheobronchopathia Osteochondroplastica Relapsing Polychondritis Rhinoscleroma Bronchial Dilatation and Impaction Bronchitis Bronchiectasis Cystic Fibrosis Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Mounier-Kuhn Syndrome Williams-Campbell Syndrome Broncholithiasis Emphysema and Small Airway Diseases Centrilobular Emphysema Paraseptal Emphysema Panlobular Emphysema Infectious Bronchilitis Constrictive Bronchiolitis Swyer-James-Macleod Syndrome Asthma Infections Introduction and Overview Approach to Infections General Bronchopneumonia Community-acquired Pneumonia Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia Nosocomial Pneumonia Lung Abscess Septic Emboli Bacteria Pneumococcal Pneumonia Staphylococcal Pneumonia Klebsiella Pneumonia Pseudomonas Legionella Pneumonia Nocardiosis Actinomycosis Melioidosis Tuberculosis Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection Mycoplasma Pneumonia Viruses Influenza Pneumonia Cytomegalovirus Pneumonia Coronavirus COVID-19 Fungi Histoplasmosis Coccidioidomycosis Blastomycosis Cryptococcosis Paracoccidioidomycosis Aspergillosis Zygomycosis *Pneumocystis jirovecii* Pneumonia Parasites Approach to Parasites Dirofilariasis Hydatidosis Strongyloidiasis Amebiasis Schistosomiasis Pulmonary Neoplasms Introduction and Overview Approach to Pulmonary Neoplasms Lung Cancer Adenocarcinoma Squamous Cell Carcinoma Small Cell Carcinoma Mutlifocal Lung Cancer Uncommon Neoplasms Pulmonary Hamartoma Bronchial Carcinoid Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Kaposi Sarcoma Lymphoma and Lymphoproliferative Disorders Follicular Bronchiolitis Lymphocytic Interstitial Pneumonia Nodular Lymphoid Hyperplasia Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disease Pulmonary Lymphoma Metastatic Disease Hematogenous Metastases Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis Tumor Emboli Interstitial, Diffuse, and Inhalational Lung Disease Introduction and Overview Approach to Interstitial, Diffuse, and Inhalational Lung Disease Idiopathic Interstitial Lung Diseases Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Acute Interstitial Pneumonia Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia Organizing Pneumonia Sarcoidosis Pleuropulmonary Fibroelastosis Smoking-Related Diseases Respiratory Bronchiolitis and RBILD Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema Pneumoconiosis Asbestosis Silicosis and Coal Worker's Pneumoconiosis Hard Metal Pneumoconiosis Beryliosis Silo-Filler's Disease Other Inhalational Disorders Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Smoke Inhalation E-cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI) Aspiration Excipient Lung Disease Eosinophilic Lung Disease Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia Chronic Eosinophilic Pneumonia Hypereosinophilic Syndrome Metabolic Diseases and Miscellaneous Conditions Alveolar Microlithiasis Metastatic Pulmonary Calcification Lymphangioleiomyomatosis Pulmonary Amyloidosis Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis Lipoid Pneumonia Dendriform Pulmonary Ossification Connective Tissue Disorders, Immunological Diseases, and Vasculitis Introduction and Overview Approach to Connective Tissue Disorders, Immunological Diseases, and Vasculitis Immunological and Connective Tissue Disorders Rheumatoid Arthritis Scleroderma Mixed Connective Tissue Disease Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Sjögren Syndrome Ankylosing Spondylitis Inflammatory Bowel Disease Erdheim Chester Disease Thoracic Complications in Immunocompromised Patients Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Solid Organ Transplantation HIV/AIDS Neutropenia Pulmonary Hemorrhage and Vasculitis Idiopathic Pulmonary Hemorrhage Goodpasture Syndrome Pulmonary Granulomatosis and Polyangiitis Eosinophilic Granulomatosis and Polyangiitis Behcet Syndrome Necrotizing Sarcoid Granulomatosis Mediastinal Abnormalities Introduction and Overview Approach to Mediastinal Abnormalities Primary Neoplasms Thymoma Thymic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm Thymic Carcinoma Thymolipoma Mediastinal Teratoma Mediastinal Seminoma Nonseminomatous Malignant Germ Cell Neoplasm Neurogenic Neoplasms of the Nerve Sheath Neurogenic Neoplasms of the Sympathetic Ganglia Neurofibromatosis Lymphadenopathy Metastatic Disease, Lymphadenopathy Mediastinal Lymphoma Mediastinal Fibrosis Castleman Disease Cysts Bronchogenic Cyst Esophageal Duplication Cyst Pericardial Cyst Thymic Cyst Vascular Lesions Mediastinal Vascular Masses Coronary Artery Aneurysm Paraesophageal Varices Mediastinal Lymphangioma Mediastinal Hemangioma Glandular Enlargement Thymic Hyperplasia Goiter and Other Thyroid Masses Diseases of the Esophagus Achalasia Esophageal Diverticuli Esophageal Stricture Esophageal Carcinoma Miscellaneous Conditions Mediastinal Lipomatosis Mediastinitis Mediastinal Fat Necrosis Extramedullary Hematopoiesis Hiatal and Paraesophageal Hernia Cardiovascular Disorders Introduction and Overview Approach to Cardiovascular Disorders Diseases of the Aorta and Great Vessels Atherosclerosis Aortic Aneurysm Acute Aortic Syndromes Marfan Syndrome Takayasu Arteritis Superior Vena Cava Obstruction Pulmonary Edema Pulmonary Edema Pulmonary Hypertension and Thromboembolic Disease Pulmonary Artery Hypertension Pulmonary Venoocclusive Disease/Pulmonary Capillary Hemangiomatosis Acute Pulmonary Thromboembolic Disease Chronic Pulmonary Thromboembolic Disease Sickle Cell Disease Fat Embolism Hepatopulmonary Syndrome Illicit Drug Use, Pulmonary Manifestations Diseases of the Heart and Pericardium Valve and Annular Calcification Aortic Valve Disease Mitral Valve Disease Left Atrial Calcification Ventricular Calcification Coronary Artery Calcification Post Cardiac Injury Syndrome Pericardial Effusion Constrictive Pericarditis Cardiovascular Neoplasms Cardiac and Pericardial Metastases Cardiac Myxoma Cardiac Sarcoma Pulmonary Artery Sarcoma Aortic Sarcoma Trauma Introduction and Overview Approach to Chest Trauma Airways and Lung Tracheobronchial Laceration Trauma, Lung Cardiovascular/Mediastinum Pneumomediastinum Traumatic Aortic Injury Esophageal Rupture Thoracic Duct Tear Pleura, Chest Wall, and Diaphragm Traumatic Pneumothorax Traumatic Hemothorax Thoracic Splenosis Rib Fractures and Flail Chest Spinal Fracture Sternal Fracture Diaphragmatic Rupture Post-Treatment Chest Introduction and Overview Approach to Post-Treatment Chest Life Support Devices Endotracheal and Enteric Tubes Vascular Catheters Cardiac Conduction Devices Thoracostomy Tubes and Mediastic Drains Surgical Procedures and Complications Pleurodesis Sublobar Resection Lung Volume Reduction Surgery Lobectomy Lobar Torsion Pneumonectomy Thoracoplasty and Apicolysis Lung Herniation Sternotomy Cardiac Transplantation Lung Transplantation Esophageal Resection Radiation, Chemotherapy, Ablation Radiation-Induced Lung Disease Drug Reaction, Intrathoracic Ablation Procedures Pleural Diseases Introduction and Overview Approach to Pleural Diseases Effusion Transudative Pleural Effusion Exudative Pleural Effusion Hemothorax Chylothorax Empyema Pneumothorax Iatrogenic Pneumothorax Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax Pleural Thickening Apical Cap Pleural Plaques Pleural Fibrosis and Fibrothorax Neoplasia Malignant Pleural Effusion Solid Pleural Metastases Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Localized Fibrous Tumor of the Pleura Chest Wall and Diaphragm Introduction and Overview Approach to Chest Wall and Diaphragm Chest Wall Chest Wall Infections Discitis Chest Wall Lipoma Elastofibroma and Fibromatosis Chest Wall Metastases Chondrosarcoma Plasmacytoma and Multiple Myeloma Diaphragm Diaphragmatic Eventration Diaphragmatic Paralysis

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsPart I: Normal Development 1 Normal Development Part II: Brain 2 Brain Malformations 3 Hypoxic Ischemic Injury and Cerebrovascular Disorders 4 Inherited and Acquired Metabolic Disorders 5 Infectious Disorders of the Brain 6 Demyelinating and Inflammatory Disorders 7 Brain Tumors and Treatment Complications 8 Epilepsy 9 Phakomatoses 10 Brain Trauma 11 Hydrocephalus and Other Cerebrospinal Fluid Disorders Part III: Neck, Face, Orbit, and Temporal Bone 12 Orbital and Craniofacial Malformations 13 Temporal Bone Malformations 14 Neck, Face, Orbit, and Temporal Bone Masses 15 Infectious and Inflammatory Disorders of the Head and Neck Part IV: Spine 16 Spine Malformations 17 Spine Masses 18 Infectious, Inflammatory, Demyelinating, and Vascular Disorders 19 Spine Trauma Part V: Differential Diagnoses, Summaries, and Pitfalls 20 Differential Diagnoses, Summaries, and Imaging Pitfalls Part VI: Normal Anatomy and Imaging Techniques (e-only) 21 Normal Anatomy 22 Imaging Techniques

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsSECTION 1: ARTHRITIS INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW 4 Introduction to Arthritis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR EROSIVE 10 Rheumatoid Arthritis of Axial Skeleton B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 16 Rheumatoid Arthritis of Shoulder and Elbow B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 22 Rheumatoid Arthritis of Wrist and Hand B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 28 Rheumatoid Arthritis of Hip B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 32 Rheumatoid Arthritis of Knee B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 36 Rheumatoid Arthritis of Ankle and Foot B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 40 Robust Rheumatoid Arthritis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 41 Felty Syndrome B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 42 Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 48 Adult Still Disease B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR PRODUCTIVE 50 Osteoarthritis of Axial Skeleton B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 54 DISH B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 60 OPLL B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 64 Rapidly Progressive Osteoarthritis 66 Osteoarthritis of Shoulder and Elbow B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 70 Osteoarthritis of Wrist and Hand B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 74 Osteoarthritis of Hip B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 80 Osteoarthritis of Knee B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR MIXED EROSIVE AND PRODUCTIVE 86 Ankylosing Spondylitis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 92 Inflammatory Bowel Disease Arthritis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 98 Psoriatic Arthritis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 104 Chronic Reactive Arthritis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR DUE TO BIOCHEMICAL DISORDERS OR DEPOSITIONAL DISEASE 110 Gout Eva M. Escobedo, MD, B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR, and Kirkland W. Davis, MD, FACR 116 Pyrophosphate Arthropathy B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 122 Hydroxyapatite Deposition Disease B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 128 Amyloid Deposition B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 134 Hemochromatosis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 135 Ochronosis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 136 Wilson Disease B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 137 Oxalosis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR MISCELLANEOUS JOINT DISORDERS 138 Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis (PVNS) B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 144 Intraarticular Chondroma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 148 Nodular Synovitis (Intraarticular) B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 152 Multicentric Reticulohistiocytosis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 153 Synovial Vascular Malformation B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 154 Synovial Chondromatosis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 160 Charcot (Neuropathic) B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 166 Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 172 Complex Regional Pain Syndr B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR SECTION 2: OSSEOUS TUMORS AND TUMOR-LIKE CONDITIONS INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW 180 Bone Tumors: Diagnosis, Staging, and Biopsy B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 188 Bone Tumors: Treatment Options and Follow-Up B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR BONE-FORMING TUMORS 194 Enostosis (Bone Island) B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 198 Osteoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 204 Osteoid Osteoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 210 Osteoblastoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 216 Conventional Osteosarcoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 222 Parosteal Osteosarcoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 228 Periosteal Osteosarcoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 232 Telangiectatic Osteosarcoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 236 Low-Grade Central Osteosarcoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 240 High-Grade Surface Osteosarcoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 242 Secondary Osteosarcoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR CARTILAGE-FORMING TUMORS 246 Enchondroma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 252 Osteochondroma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 258 Multiple Hereditary Exostoses B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 264 Chondroblastoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 268 Chondromyxoid Fibroma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 272 Periosteal Chondroma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 278 Chondrosarcoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 284 Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 286 Periosteal Chondrosarcoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 288 Clear Cell Chondrosarcoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR MARROW TUMORS 290 Plasmacytoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR and Chris Hanrahan, MD, PhD 296 Multiple Myeloma Chris Hanrahan, MD, PhD 302 POEMS B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 304 Ewing Sarcoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 310 Leukemia: Osseous Manifestations B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 314 Lymphoma of Bone B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 320 Metastases: Bone Marrow B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR OTHER OSSEOUS TUMORS 326 Desmoplastic Fibroma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 330 Del_Liposclerosing Myxofibrous Tumor B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 332 Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Bone B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 336 Fibrosarcoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 338 Intraosseous Lipoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 342 Giant Cell Tumor B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 348 Adamantinoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 352 Hemangioma: Intraosseous B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 358 Epithelioid Hemangioma 362 Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma of Bone B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 364 Angiosarcoma: Osseous B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 368 Chordoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR TUMOR-LIKE CONDITIONS 372 Paget Disease B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 378 Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 384 Fibrous Dysplasia B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 390 Osteofibrous Dysplasia B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 396 Simple Bone Cyst B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 402 Aneurysmal Bone Cyst B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 408 Fibroxanthoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR TUMORS BENIGN ADIPOCYTIC TUMORS 430 Lipoma: Soft Tissue Catherine C. Roberts, MD and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 436 Lipomatosis Catherine C. Roberts, MD 442 Lipomatosis: Nerve Catherine C. Roberts, MD and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 446 Macrodystrophia Lipomatosa Catherine C. Roberts, MD 450 Lipoma Arborescens: Knee Catherine C. Roberts, MD and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 454 Lipoblastoma/Lipoblastomatosis Catherine C. Roberts, MD 456 Hibernoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD 460 Parosteal Lipoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR INTERMEDIATE ADIPOCYTIC TUMORS 464 Atypical Lipomatous Tumor/Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD MALIGNANT ADIPOCYTIC TUMORS 468 Myxoid Liposarcoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 472 Pleomorphic Liposarcoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD 473 Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD FIBROBLASTIC/MYOFIBROBLASTIC TUMORS BENIGN FIBROUS TUMORS 474 Nodular and Proliferative Fasciitis Catherine C. Roberts, MD 475 Bizarre Parosteal Osteochondromatous Proliferation Catherine C. Roberts, MD 476 Elastofibroma Catherine C. Roberts, MD 480 Fibrous Hamartoma of Infancy Catherine C. Roberts, MD 481 Myofibroma/Myofibromatosis Catherine C. Roberts, MD 482 Fibromatosis Colli Catherine C. Roberts, MD 483 Juvenile Hyaline Fibromatosis Catherine C. Roberts, MD 484 Fibroma of Tendon Sheath Catherine C. Roberts, MD 488 Desmoplastic Fibroblastoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD 490 Calcifying Aponeurotic Fibroma Catherine C. Roberts, MD 492 Myositis Ossificans/Heterotopic Ossification B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR INTERMEDIATE (LOCALLY AGGRESSIVE) FIBROUS TUMORS 498 Superficial Fibromatoses Catherine C. Roberts, MD 502 Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis Catherine C. Roberts, MD and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR INTERMEDIATE (RARELY METASTASIZING) FIBROHISTIOCYTIC TUMORS 508 Solitary Fibrous Tumor and Hemangiopericytoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 514 Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor Catherine C. Roberts, MD 518 Infantile Fibrosarcoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD MALIGNANT FIBROUS TUMORS 520 Fibrosarcoma: Soft Tissue Catherine C. Roberts, MD 524 Myxofibrosarcoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD 528 Low-Grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD 530 Sclerosing Epithelioid Fibrosarcoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD 534 Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans Catherine C. Roberts, MD SO-CALLED FIBROHISTIOCYTIC TUMORS BENIGN FIBROHISTIOCYTIC TUMORS 538 Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor, Extraarticular Catherine C. Roberts, MD and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 544 Diffuse-Type Giant Cell Tumor (Extraarticular PVNS) Catherine C. Roberts, MD 546 Deep Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD MALIGNANT FIBROHISTIOCYTIC TUMORS 548 Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma With Prominent Inflammation Catherine C. Roberts, MD SMOOTH MUSCLE TUMORS SMOOTH MUSCLE TUMORS, BENIGN 550 Leiomyoma: Superficial and Deep Catherine C. Roberts, MD SMOOTH MUSCLE TUMORS, MALIGNANT 554 Leiomyosarcoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR PERICYTIC (PERIVASCULAR) TUMORS 560 Glomus Tumor Catherine C. Roberts, MD 564 Angioleiomyoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD SKELETAL MUSCLE TUMORS SKELETAL MUSCLE TUMORS, BENIGN 566 Rhabdomyoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD SKELETAL MUSCLE TUMORS, MALIGNANT 568 Rhabdomyosarcoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD VASCULAR AND LYMPHATIC TUMORS BENIGN VASCULAR TUMORS 574 Vascular Malformations Catherine C. Roberts, MD and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 580 Hemangioma 584 Angiomatosis Catherine C. Roberts, MD 586 Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome Catherine C. Roberts, MD 590 Lymphangioma Catherine C. Roberts, MD INTERMEDIATE (RARELY METASTASIZING) VASCULAR TUMORS 594 Kaposi Sarcoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD 598 Hemangioendothelioma: Soft Tissue Catherine C. Roberts, MD MALIGNANT VASCULAR TUMORS 600 Angiosarcoma: Soft Tissue B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR CHONDROOSSEOUS TUMORS 604 Chondroma: Soft Tissue Catherine C. Roberts, MD 606 Extraskeletal Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD 608 Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD TUMORS OF UNCERTAIN DIFFERENTIATION BENIGN TUMORS OF UNCERTAIN DIFFERENTIATION 612 Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor 614 Myxoma B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR INTERMEDIATE TUMORS (RARELY METASTASIZING) OF UNCERTAIN DIFFERENTIATION 620 Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma 622 Ossifying Fibromyxoid Tumor Catherine C. Roberts, MD MALIGNANT TUMORS OF UNCERTAIN DIFFERENTIATION 624 Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 628 Synovial Sarcoma Stephanie Bernard, MD, Catherine C. Roberts, MD, and Kirkland W. Davis, MD, FACR 634 Epithelioid Sarcoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD 638 Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 642 PNET/Extraskeletal Ewing Sarcoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD PERIPHERAL NERVE SHEATH TUMORS NONNEOPLASTIC 644 Morton Neuroma Catherine C. Roberts, MD 648 Traumatic Neuroma Catherine C. Roberts, MD NEUROFIBROMA 650 Neurofibroma Catherine C. Roberts, MD and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR SCHWANNOMA 656 Schwannoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR MALIGNANT PERIPHERAL NERVE SHEATH TUMOR 662 Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Catherine C. Roberts, MD SKIN AND SUBCUTANEOUS LESIONS 666 Epidermoid/Epidermal Inclusion Cyst Catherine C. Roberts, MD 668 Rheumatoid Nodule Catherine C. Roberts, MD 672 Metastases: Soft Tissue Catherine C. Roberts, MD 676 Melanoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD SOFT TISSUE TUMOR MIMICS 682 Soft Tissue Tumor Mimics: Infection/Inflammation Catherine C. Roberts, MD 686 Soft Tissue Tumor Mimics: Vascular Catherine C. Roberts, MD 690 Soft Tissue Tumor Mimics: Crystal Disease Catherine C. Roberts, MD 694 Soft Tissue Tumor Mimics: Other Catherine C. Roberts, MD 700 Xanthoma Catherine C. Roberts, MD SECTION 4: CONGENITAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL ABNORMALITIES GENERAL 706 Arthrogryposis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 707 Amniotic Band Syndrome B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 708 Cerebral Palsy B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 709 Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21) B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 710 Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 711 Muscular Dystrophy B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 712 Neurofibromatosis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 718 Osteogenesis Imperfecta B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 724 Turner Syndrome B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR UPPER EXTREMITY 725 Glenoid Hypoplasia B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 726 Madelung Deformity B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 730 Ulnar Variance B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR LOWER EXTREMITY 734 Developmental Dysplasia of Hip B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 740 Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 746 Proximal Femoral Focal Deficiency B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 750 Osgood-Schlatter Disease B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 751 Sinding-Larsen-Johansson Disease B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 752 Blount Disease B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 754 Pes Planus (Flatfoot) B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 760 Club Foot (Talipes Equinovarus) B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 764 Congenital Vertical Talus (Rocker-Bottom Foot) B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 765 Pes Cavus B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 766 Tarsal Coalition B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR SECTION 5: DYSPLASIAS SKELETAL DYSPLASIA DWARFISM DYSPLASIA 774 Introduction to Dwarfing Dysplasias Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 778 Achondroplasia Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 782 Pseudoachondroplasia Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 783 Achondrogenesis Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 784 Thanatophoric Dwarfism Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 786 Asphyxiating Thoracic Dystrophy of Jeune Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 787 Chondroectodermal Dysplasia (Ellis-van Creveld) Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 788 Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 792 Multiple Epiphyseal Dysplasia Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA NONDWARFING DYSPLASIAS 796 Ollier Disease Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 800 Maffucci Syndrome Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 801 Chondrodysplasia Punctata Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 802 Cleidocranial Dysplasia Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 803 Caffey Disease Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 804 Fong Disease (Nail Patella Syndrome) Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA SCLEROSING DYSPLASIAS 806 Melorheostosis Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 810 Progressive Diaphyseal Dysplasia Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 814 Osteopetrosis Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 820 Pycnodysostosis Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 824 Osteitis Condensans Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 826 Osteitis Pubis: Non-Traumatic Origin Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 828 Intramedullary Osteosclerosis Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 829 Other Sclerosing Conditions of Bone Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA SECTION 6: SYSTEMIC DISEASES WITH MSK INVOLVEMENT GENERAL 832 Complications of Paraplegia Donna G. Blankenbaker, MD, FACR and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 836 Acroosteolysis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 840 Sickle Cell Anemia B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 846 Thalassemia B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 852 Myelofibrosis Donna G. Blankenbaker, MD, FACR, B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR, and Stephanie Bernard, MD 856 Hemophilia B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 862 Diabetes B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 868 HIV/AIDS B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 874 Sarcoidosis: Bone Sandra Moore, MD 878 Sarcoidosis: Muscle Sandra Moore, MD 880 Sarcoidosis: Joint Sandra Moore, MD 881 Sarcoidosis: Soft Tissue Sandra Moore, MD 882 Mastocytosis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 884 Tuberous Sclerosis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR STORAGE DISORDERS 888 Gaucher Disease B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 892 Mucopolysaccharidoses B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISORDERS 894 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 898 Systemic Sclerosis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 902 Inflammatory Myopathy B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 908 Overlap Syndrome/Mixed Connective Tissue Disease B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 909 Homocystinuria B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 910 Marfan and Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 912 Erdheim-Chester Disease B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR SOFT TISSUE DISORDERS 914 Denervation Hypertrophy Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA VASCULAR 916 Embolic Disease B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 917 Meningococcemia B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR SECTION 7: ORTHOPEDIC IMPLANTS OR ARTHRODESIS ARTHROPLASTIES AND ARTHRODESIS 920 Introduction to Arthroplasties B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 928 Hip Implant B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 934 Revision Arthroplasty B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 938 Knee Implant B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 944 Shoulder Implant B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 948 Elbow Implant B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 950 Ankle Implant B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 952 Ankle Arthrodesis Julia R. Crim, MD 954 Small Joint Implants and Arthrodesis: Hand and Toes B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR INTERNAL FIXATION 960 Hallux Valgus Corrections Julia R. Crim, MD 962 Intramedullary Nail/Rod Kirkland W. Davis, MD, FACR and Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 966 Plate Fixation Kirkland W. Davis, MD, FACR and Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 970 Screw Fixation Kirkland W. Davis, MD, FACR and Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 976 Cement and Bone Fillers Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 982 Wire/Cerclage/Cable Fixation Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 983 Anchoring Devices Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA SECTION 8: INFECTION OSTEOMYELITIS 986 Acute Osteomyelitis: Child Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 990 Acute Osteomyelitis: Adult B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 996 Spinal Infections Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1002 Chronic Osteomyelitis Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA SOFT TISSUE AND JOINTS 1006 Septic Arthritis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1012 Infectious Tenosynovitis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1013 Infectious Bursitis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1014 Soft Tissue Infection B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1018 Necrotizing Fasciitis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR SPECIFIC PATHOGENS 1020 Tuberculosis Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1026 Fungal Infection Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1027 Brucellosis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1028 Madura Foot Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1029 Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR Syphilis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1032 Polio B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1033 Parasitic Infection Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA CONDITIONS OF UNKNOWN ETIOLOGY 1034 SAPHO Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1035 Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR SECTION 9: BONE MARROW DISTRIBUTION PATTERN 1038 Marrow Distribution: Normal Sandra Moore, MD 1042 Increased or Decreased Marrow Cellularity Sandra Moore, MD 1048 Diffuse Marrow Infiltration and Replacement Sandra Moore, MD and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1054 Focal Marrow Infiltration and Replacement Sandra Moore, MD SECTION 10: BONE MARROW EDEMA AND NECROSIS BONE MARROW EDEMA 1060 Transient Bone Marrow Edema and Regional Migratory Osteoporosis Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA OSTEONECROSIS INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW 1062 Introduction to Osteonecrosis Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1066 Bone Infarct B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1070 Osteonecrosis of Hip Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1076 Osteonecrosis of Shoulder Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1077 Osteonecrosis of Knee Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1078 Osteonecrosis of Wrist Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1082 Osteonecrosis of Ankle and Foot Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1086 Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease Brady K. Huang, MD, B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR, and Stephanie Bernard, MD SECTION 11: METABOLIC BONE DISEASE INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW 1094 Introduction to Metabolic Bone Disease Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA DISEASES OF CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS 1100 Hyperparathyroidism Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1106 Osteomalacia and Rickets Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1110 Renal Osteodystrophy Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1116 Dialysis-Related Disease, Metastatic Calcification Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1117 Dialysis-Related Disease, Spondyloarthropathy Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1118 Hypoparathyroidism, Pseudo- and Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA OSTEOPOROSIS 1120 Primary Osteoporosis Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1124 Disuse Osteoporosis Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1125 Idiopathic Juvenile Osteoporosis Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1126 Anorexia Donna G. Blankenbaker, MD, FACR and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1127 Osteoporosis: Other Causes Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA PITUITARY DISORDERS 1128 Pituitary Disorders: Acromegaly and Growth Hormone Deficiency Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA THYROID DISEASE 1130 Hypothyroidism and Cretinism Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1132 Hyperthyroidism Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1133 Thyroid Acropachy Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA MISCELLANEOUS METABOLIC CONDITIONS 1134 Hypophosphatasia Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1136 Cushing Syndrome Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA 1137 Tumoral (Idiopathic) Calcinosis Donna G. Blankenbaker, MD, FACR and Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA SECTION 12: DRUG-INDUCED AND NUTRITIONAL MSK CONDITIONS DRUG-INDUCED EMBRYOPATHY 1140 Medications 1144 Warfarin (Coumadin): Complications B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1145 Alcohol B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR DRUG-INDUCED CONDITIONS 1146 Substance Abuse 1150 Anticonvulsants 1154 Corticosteroids B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1155 Bisphosphonates Cheryl A. Petersilge, MD, MBA and B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1156 Prostaglandins 1157 Hypervitaminosis A and Retinoids B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1158 Vitamin D B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1159 Retinoid-Associated Osteoarthritis B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1160 Statins 1164 Metals and Minerals B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1165 Fluoride: Complications B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1166 Voriconazole B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR 1167 Quinolones B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY 1168 Scurvy B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Introduction (basics of chronic liver disease - incidence, etc.) Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao (Yale University School of Medicine, CT, USA) Chronic liver disease is a substantial world-wide problem. It can be due to a wide range of etiologic agents. Any process that leads to chronic inflammation can progress to chronic liver disease. Its major consequence is increasing deposition of fibrous tissue within the liver leading to cirrhosis with its complications, such as portal hypertension, hepatic insufficiency and hepatocellular carcinoma. Key words: chronic liver disease, liver fibrosis, shear wave elastography, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, NAFLD, NASH. 2. Liver stiffness measurement techniques basics Giovanna Ferraioli, Mark L Palmeri (Duke University, NC, USA), Richard G Barr Liver elastography can be performed with various techniques. These include both ultrasound-based elastography and magnetic resonance elastography. The ultrasound methods include strain elastography (SE), VCTE, and ARFI techniques (pSWE and 2D-SWE). SE is limited in evaluation of liver stiffness and will not be presented in this book. Key words: VCTE, pSWE, 2D-SWE, ARFI, shear wave elastography, MRE, vibration elastography, phantom studies. a. TE b. ARFI techniques c. MRE d. Vibratory Techniques 3. Protocol for acquisition Giovanna Ferraioli, Richard G Barr For all of the ultrasound techniques (vibration-controlled transient elastography, point shear wave elastography and two-dimensional shear wave elastography) the patient is studied in the supine or slight left lateral decubitus position. The protocol for a correct acquisition will be presented in details. Key words: VCTE, pSWE, 2D-SWE, ARFI, shear wave elastography, liver stiffness. a. General protocol b. Quality Assessment i. Vendor specific quality assessment 4. Tips and Tricks Giovanna Ferraioli, Richard Barr For a reliable acquisition, several factors should be taken into account. They include depth for measurement, presence of liver steatosis, transducer frequency, transducer position, number of measurements, confounders and so on. All these factors will be analyzed in details. Key words: reliability, accuracy studies. 5. Artifacts Giovanna Ferraioli, Mark Palmeri (Duke University, NC, USA), Richard G Barr Identification of the artifacts is of outmost importance for the interpretation. Knowing them is also important for acquiring the best images for accurate diagnosis. Key words: reverberation, attenuation, failure, phantoms studies. a. TE b. ARFI techniques c. MRE 6. Staging liver fibrosis with shear wave elastography Giovanna Ferraioli, Davide Roccarina (Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy), Jonathan Dillman (University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH, USA), Richard G Barr As of today, shear wave elastography has been accepted as a reliable substitute of liver biopsy in several clinical scenarios, mainly in patients with viral etiologies and/or NAFLD/NASH. The role of shear wave elastography in several etiologies of liver disease and in the pediatric population will be presented. Key words: liver stiffness, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, NAFLD, NASH, primary sclerosing cholangitis, autoimmune hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, cystic fibrosis, biliary atresia, Fontan circulation, children. a. Viral etiologies b. NAFLD/NASH c. Other etiologies d. Pediatrics 7. Portal hypertension: liver and spleen stiffness Davide Roccarina (Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy) Liver stiffness correlates with the severity of liver fibrosis up to the threshold of clinically significant portal hypertension. At this stage, the strength of the correlation between liver stiffness and fibrosis decreases, probably due to an increasing role played by extrahepatic factors. It has been shown that spleen stiffness correlates better than liver stiffness with the portal pressures. Studies will be presented. Key words: HVPG, portal hypertension, stiffness. 8. Liver stiffness beyond the staging of liver fibrosis Giovanna Ferraioli, Richard G Barr An increase of liver stiffness has been reported in patients with liver congestion. It is a "confounding factor" for the evaluation of liver fibrosis. However, in the setting of right-sided heart failure liver stiffness seems directly influenced by central venous pressure and can be used as a prognostic marker to predict cardiac events. Key words: heart failure, liver congestion, hepatic sinusoidal obstruction, Fontan circulation, Budd Chiari syndrome, valvular diseases. 9. Guideline Giovanna Ferraioli, Richard G Barr The availability of accurate non-invasive methods for the assessment of liver fibrosis was an important breakthrough and has prompted ultrasound federations of societies as well as clinical or radiological societies to issue international guidelines or consensus on the clinical applications of the SWE techniques. This chapter presents the most important guidelines from a practical point of view. Key words: guidelines, WFUMB, EFSUMB, SRU, shear wave elastography, diffuse liver disease, chronic viral hepatitis, ARFI techniques, NAFLD. a. Reporting results 10. Non-invasive assessment of liver steatosis with US techniques Giovanna Ferraioli, Richard G Barr An accurate estimation of the fat in the liver is important in the diagnostic work-up of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Ultrasound methods of fat quantification have been developed. They will be presented in details. Key words: attenuation coefficient, ATI, ATT, UGAP, backscatter coefficient, speed of sound, steatosis. 11. Dispersion Katsutoshi Sugimoto (Tokyo Medical University, Japan), Giovanna Ferraioli, Richard G Barr The shear wave speed obtained in liver stiffness estimation is dependent on the ARFI frequency. The dispersion is the estimate of the stiffness at various ARFI frequencies. The relationship between dispersion and inflammation will be presented. Detection and grading of inflammation would add important information in the diagnosis, management, and follow-up of patients with chronic liver diseases. Key words: necro-inflammation, ARFI frequency, shear wave elastography. 12. Focal liver lesions - short section Stephanie R Wilson (University of Calgary, Canada) Several reports document that malignant lesions are more likely stiffer than benign lesions. However, there is significant overlap. Both benign and malignant lesions can be soft or stiff compared to normal liver. In addition, the stiffness of the liver varies significantly with fibrosis. Key words: hemangioma, focal steatosis, focal nodular hyperplasia, hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, liver metastasis. 13. Conclusions Giovanna Ferraioli, Richard G Barr The value of shear wave elastography in diffuse liver disease will be highlighted. Key words: shear wave elastography, liver stiffness, spleen stiffness, liver steatosis, chronic liver disease.

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsEvidence-based approach to imaging interpretation in vulnerable patients with acute non-traumatic and traumatic conditions Imaging of unique neurological emergencies in geriatric patients Imaging of neurological emergencies in oncologic patients including emergencies related to administration of cancer medications Imaging of chest emergencies in pregnant patient with special focus on imaging of pulmonary embolism Imaging of unique abdominal and pelvic emergencies in oncologic patients including acute presentations of malignancies and cancer drug-related complications Imaging of common non traumatic emergencies in pregnant patient including appendicitis and renal colic Imaging of abdominal trauma in pregnant patient Imaging of bariatric patients with special focus on complications of bariatric surgery Imaging of abdominal emergencies in geriatric patient with focus on special considerations (cardiac output, renal failure), alterations in appearance of normal (biliary ectasia) Imaging of musculoskeletal manifestations related to recreational drug use Adequate image choice for age; utilization of fast imaging; acute emergency complications in chronically ill child; imaging in battered child syndrome Acute chest and abdominal presentations in chronically ill child; imaging in battered child syndrome

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Recognizing Anything: Past, Present and Future 2. Recognizing Normal Pulmonary Anatomy 3. Recognizing Normal Cardiac Anatomy 4. Recognizing Airspace Versus Interstitial Lung Disease 5. Recognizing the Causes of an Opacified Hemithorax 6. Recognizing Atelectasis 7. Recognizing a Pleural Effusion 8. Recognizing Pneumonia 9. Recognizing the Correct Placement of Lines and Tubes and Their Potential Complications: Critical Care Radiology 10. Recognizing Other Diseases of the Chest 11. Recognizing Adult Heart Disease 12. Recognizing the Normal Abdomen and Pelvis: Conventional Radiography 13. Recognizing the Normal Abdomen and Pelvis: Computed Tomography 14. Recognizing Bowel Obstruction and Ileus 15. Recognizing Extraluminal Air in the Abdomen 16. Recognizing Abnormal Calcifications and Their Causes 17. Recognizing Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Urinary Tract Abnormalities 18. Ultrasonography: Understanding the Principles and Its Uses in Abdominal and Pelvic Imaging 19. Vascular, Pediatric, and Point-of-Care Ultrasound 20. Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Understanding the Principles and Recognizing the Basics 21. Recognizing Nontraumatic Abnormalities of the Appendicular Skeleton and Arthritis 22. Recognizing Nontraumatic Abnormalities of the Spine 23. Recognizing Trauma to the Bony Skeleton 24. Recognizing the Imaging Findings of Trauma to the Chest 25. Recognizing the Imaging Findings of Trauma to the Abdomen and Pelvis 26. Recognizing Some Common Causes of Intracranial Pathology 27. Recognizing Pediatric Diseases 28. Using Image-Guided Interventions in Diagnosis and Treatment (Interventional Radiology) 29. Recognizing the Findings in Breast Imaging Index

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsSECTION 1: PERITONEUM AND MESENTERY GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS 4 Mesenteric or Omental Mass (Solid) Siva P. Raman, MD 10 Mesenteric or Omental Mass (Cystic) Siva P. Raman, MD 14 Fat-Containing Lesion, Peritoneal Cavity Siva P. Raman, MD 18 Mesenteric Lymphadenopathy Siva P. Raman, MD 22 Abdominal Calcifications Siva P. Raman, MD 28 Pneumoperitoneum Siva P. Raman, MD 32 Hemoperitoneum Siva P. Raman, MD 36 Misty (Infiltrated) Mesentery Siva P. Raman, MD MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 42 High-Attenuation (Hyperdense) Ascites Siva P. Raman, MD SECTION 2: ABDOMINAL WALL ANATOMICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS 48 Abdominal Wall Mass Siva P. Raman, MD 52 Mass in Iliopsoas Compartment Siva P. Raman, MD 54 Groin Mass Siva P. Raman, MD 58 Elevated or Deformed Hemidiaphragm Siva P. Raman, MD 60 Defect in Abdominal Wall (Hernia) Siva P. Raman, MD SECTION 3: ESOPHAGUS GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS 66 Intraluminal Mass, Esophagus Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 68 Extrinsic Mass, Esophagus Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 72 Lesion at Pharyngoesophageal Junction Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 74 Esophageal Ulceration Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 76 Mucosal Nodularity, Esophagus Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 78 Esophageal Strictures Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 80 Dilated Esophagus Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 82 Esophageal Outpouchings (Diverticula) Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 84 Esophageal Dysmotility Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS 86 Odynophagia Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR SECTION 4: STOMACH GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS 90 Gastric Mass Lesions Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 96 Intramural Mass, Stomach Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 98 Target or Bull's-Eye Lesions, Stomach Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 100 Gastric Ulceration (Without Mass) Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 102 Intrathoracic Stomach Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 104 Thickened Gastric Folds Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 110 Gastric Dilation or Outlet Obstruction Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 114 Linitis Plastica, Limited Distensibility Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS 118 Epigastric Pain Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 124 Left Upper Quadrant Mass Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR SECTION 5: DUODENUM GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS 130 Duodenal Mass Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 136 Dilated Duodenum Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 138 Thickened Duodenal Folds Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR SECTION 6: SMALL INTESTINE GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS 142 Multiple Masses or Filling Defects, Small Bowel Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 144 Cluster of Dilated Small Bowel Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 146 Aneurysmal Dilation of Small Bowel Lumen Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 148 Stenosis, Terminal Ileum Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 150 Segmental or Diffuse Small Bowel Wall Thickening Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 156 Pneumatosis of Small Intestine or Colon Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS 160 Occult GI Bleeding Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 164 Small Bowel Obstruction Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR SECTION 7: COLON GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS 172 Solitary Colonic Filling Defect Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 174 Multiple Colonic Filling Defects Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 176 Mass or Inflammation of Ileocecal Area Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 182 Colonic Ileus or Dilation Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 186 Toxic Megacolon Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 188 Rectal or Colonic Fistula Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 194 Segmental Colonic Narrowing Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 198 Colonic Thumbprinting Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 200 Colonic Wall Thickening Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 206 Smooth Ahaustral Colon Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS 208 Acute Right Lower Quadrant Pain Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 214 Acute Left Lower Quadrant Pain Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR SECTION 8: SPLEEN GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS 222 Splenomegaly Siva P. Raman, MD 226 Multiple Splenic Calcifications Siva P. Raman, MD 228 Solid Splenic Mass or Masses Siva P. Raman, MD 230 Cystic Splenic Mass Siva P. Raman, MD MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 232 Diffuse Increased Attenuation, Spleen Siva P. Raman, MD SECTION 9: LIVER GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS 236 Liver Mass With Central or Eccentric Scar Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 240 Focal Liver Lesion With Hemorrhage Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 244 Liver "Mass" With Capsular Retraction Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 246 Fat-Containing Liver Mass Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 248 Cystic Hepatic Mass Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 252 Focal Hypervascular Liver Lesion Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 258 Liver Mass With Mosaic Enhancement Atif Zaheer, MD 262 Mosaic or Patchy Hepatogram Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 266 Hepatic Calcifications Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 270 Liver Lesion Containing Gas Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 274 Portal Venous Gas Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 276 Widened Hepatic Fissures Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 278 Dysmorphic Liver With Abnormal Bile Ducts Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 282 Focal Hyperperfusion Abnormality (THAD or THID) Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING 288 Multiple Hypodense Liver Lesions Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 294 Multiple Hypointense Liver Lesions (T2WI) Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 298 Hyperintense Liver Lesions (T1WI) Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 304 Liver Lesion With Capsule or Halo on MR Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 308 Focal Hyperdense Hepatic Mass on Nonenhanced CT Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 312 Periportal Lucency or Edema Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR 318 Widespread Low Attenuation Within Liver Atif Zaheer, MD and Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR ULTRASOUND 322 Focal Hepatic Echogenic Lesion ± Acoustic Shadowing Atif Zaheer, MD, Gregory E. Antonio, MD, DRANZCR, FHKCR, and Eric K. H. Liu, PhD, RDMS 328 Hyperechoic Liver, Diffuse Atif Zaheer, MD, Gregory E. Antonio, MD, DRANZCR, FHKCR, and Eric K. H. Liu, PhD, RDMS 330 Hepatomegaly Hee Sun Park, MD, PhD and Aya Kamaya, MD, FSRU, FSAR 334 Diffuse Liver Disease Hee Sun Park, MD, PhD and Aya Kamaya, MD, FSRU, FSAR 336 Cystic Liver Lesion Hee Sun Park, MD, PhD and Aya Kamaya, MD, FSRU, FSAR 340 Hypoechoic Liver Mass Hee Sun Park, MD, PhD and Aya Kamaya, MD, FSRU, FSAR 344 Echogenic Liver Mass Hee Sun Park, MD, PhD and Aya Kamaya, MD, FSRU, FSAR 348 Target Lesions in Liver Hee Sun Park, MD, PhD and Aya Kamaya, MD, FSRU, FSAR 350 Multiple Hepatic Masses Hee Sun Park, MD, PhD and Aya Kamaya, MD, FSRU, FSAR 354 Hepatic Mass With Central Scar Hee Sun Park, MD, PhD and Aya Kamaya, MD, FSRU, FSAR 356 Periportal Lesion Hee Sun Park, MD, PhD and Aya Kamaya, MD, FSRU, FSAR 360 Irregular Hepatic Surface Aya Kamaya, MD, FSRU, FSAR 362 Portal Vein Abnormality Hee Sun Park, MD, PhD and Aya Kamaya, MD, FSRU, FSAR SECTION 10: GALLBLADDER GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS 366 Distended Gallbladder Siva P. Raman, MD 368 Gas in Bile Ducts or Gallbladder Siva P. Raman, MD 372 Focal Gallbladder Wall Thickening Siva P. Raman, MD 374 Diffuse Gallbladder Wall Thickening Jade Wong-You-Cheong, MBChB, MRCP, FRCR, FSRU, FSAR MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 378 High-Attenuation (Hyperdense) Bile in Gallbladder Siva P. Raman, MD ULTRASOUND 380 Hyperechoic Gallbladder Wall Jade Wong-You-Cheong, MBChB, MRCP, FRCR, FSRU, FSAR 382 Echogenic Material in Gallbladder Jade Wong-You-Cheong, MBChB, MRCP, FRCR, FSRU, FSAR 384 Dilated Gallbladder Jade Wong-You-Cheong, MBChB, MRCP, FRCR, FSRU, FSAR 388 Intrahepatic and Extrahepatic Duct Dilatation L. Nayeli Morimoto, MD and Aya Kamaya, MD, FSRU, FSAR CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS 390 Right Upper Quadrant Pain Siva P. Raman, MD SECTION 11: BILIARY TRACT GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS 398 Dilated Common Bile Duct Siva P. Raman, MD 404 Asymmetric Dilation of Intrahepatic Bile Ducts Siva P. Raman, MD 408 Biliary Strictures, Multiple Siva P. Raman, MD MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING 412 Hypointense Lesion in Biliary Tree (MRCP) Siva P. Raman, MD SECTION 12: PANCREAS GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS 416 Hypovascular Pancreatic Mass Siva P. Raman, MD 422 Hypervascular Pancreatic Mass Siva P. Raman, MD 426 Cystic Pancreatic Mass Siva P. Raman, MD 432 Atrophy or Fatty Replacement of Pancreas Siva P. Raman, MD 434 Dilated Pancreatic Duct Siva P. Raman, MD 438 Infiltration of Peripancreatic Fat Planes Siva P. Raman, MD 444 Pancreatic Calcifications Siva P. Raman, MD MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS ULTRASOUND 448 Cystic Pancreatic Lesion Fauzia Vandermeer, MD 452 Solid Pancreatic Lesion Fauzia Vandermeer, MD 456 Pancreatic Duct Dilatation Fauzia Vandermeer, MD SECTION 13: RETROPERITONEUM GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS 460 Retroperitoneal Mass, Cystic Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR 466 Retroperitoneal Mass, Soft Tissue Density Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR 472 Retroperitoneal Mass, Fat Containing Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR 474 Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage Matthew T. Heller, MD, FSAR SECTION 14: ADRENAL GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS 478 Adrenal Mass Mitchell Tublin, MD SECTION 15: KIDNEY GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS 486 Solid Renal Mass Mitchell Tublin, MD 490 Cystic Renal Mass Mitchell Tublin, MD 494 Bilateral Renal Cysts

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisSince the publication of the second edition of this volume, 3D echocardiography has penetrated the clinical arena and become an indispensable tool for patient care. The previous edition, which was highly commended at the British Medical Book Awards, has been updated with recent publications and improved images. This third edition has added important new topics such as 3D Printing, Surgical and Transcatheter Management, Artificial Valves, and Infective Endocarditis.The book begins by describing the principles of 3D echocardiography, then proceeds to discuss its application to the imaging ofâ Left and Right Ventricle, Stress Echocardiography â Left Atrium, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy â Mitral Regurgitation with Surgical and Nonsurgical Procedures â Mitral Stenosis and Percutaneous Mitral Valvuloplasty â Aortic Stenosis with TAVI / TAVR â Aortic and Tricuspid Regurgitation â Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Aorta â Speckle Tracking, Cardiac Masses, Atrial FibrillationKEY FEATURES In-depth clinical experiences of the use of 3D/2D echo by world experts Latest findings to demonstrate clinical values of 3D over 2D echo One-click view of 263 innovative videos and 352 high-resolution 3D/2D color images in a supplemental eBook. Trade ReviewThis expanded third addition addresses the updated aspects of 3D echocardiography, focusing on its clinical value. It provides detailed and comprehensive information on the complex nature of 3D echocardiography, focusing on the diagnostic aspects of valvular disorders and structural disorders, as well as special features such as speckle tracking and 3D printing. The use of detailed graphics, charts, and graphs provides excellent visual aids to guide physicians in understanding those objectives. From diagnosis to treatment of a variety of clinical etiologies, it builds a framework for the understanding of complex concepts. The use of numerous examples with arrows and detailed explanations helps to conceptualize this sophisticated topic. The use of other figures, charts, and graphics significantly help the readers solidify their understanding of the text. Given the complexity of the book and its subject manner, this is a valuable resource for cardiology fellows in training, cardiologists, and imaging specialists,. The quality of the examples and content of the book are excellent and provide a framework to help understand 3D echocardiography. Matthew Alan Colna, MD(East Tennessee State University Quillen College of Medicine)Table of Contents1. Principles of 3D Echocardiographic Imaging2. Left Ventricle3. Stress Echocardiography4. Right Ventricle5. Left Atrium6. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy7A. Primary Mitral Regurgitation7B. Secondary Mitral Regurgitation8. Mitral Stenosis9. Aortic Stenosis10. Aortic Regurgitation11. Tricuspid Regurgitation12. Infective Endocarditis13. Surgical Management14. Nonsurgical Transcatheter Treatment15. Artificial Valves16. Adult Congenital Heart Disease17. Aorta18A. Speckle Tracking18B. Tissue Tracking19. Cardiac Masses20. Atrial Fibrillation21. 3D Printing

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a qualitative and quantitative exploration of the action of radiation on living matter which leads to a complete and coherent interpretation of radiation biology. It takes readers from radiation-induced molecular damage in the nucleus of the cell and links this damage to cellular effects such as cell killing, chromosome aberrations and mutations before exploring organ damage, organism lethality and cancer induction. It also deals with radiological protection concepts and the difficulties of predicting the doseeffect relationship for low-dose and dose rate radiation risk. The book ends with separate chapters dealing with the effects of UV light exposure and risk classification of chemical mutagens, both of which are derived by logical extensions of the radiation model. This book will provide the basic foundations of radiation biology for undergraduate and graduate students in medical physics, biomedical engineering, radiological protection, medicine, radiology and Trade Review“This is a textbook on the understanding of radiation biology, which covers the basic principles governing the action of radiation on living matter. The book is well organized and easy to read. It is designed as an alternative or even complementary to other established books in the fields of radiation biology, radiotherapy, and radiological protection. Moreover, the plethora of mathematical formulas provided makes it easy to translate the presented theoretical concepts into practical tools in the clinic. The contents of the book correlate well with the required topics in preparation for the American Board of Radiology (ABR) board examinations.The most common aspects of radiation biology have successfully been addressed and presented in a way that satisfies the educational and practical goals of the book. The findings of more recent studies have been included. The book also expands to new fields such as ultraviolet light and genotoxicology. The book covers all the necessary theory, examples, and formulas that are useful to radiation biologists, radiation oncology physicians, and medical physicists (professionals and residents). The reference list at the end of the book is a great resource for individuals who want to further expand their literature investigation. This book is primarily designed to cover the needs of radiation biologists, radiation oncology physicians, and medical physicists. It can also be a useful reference for medical dosimetrists and therapy technologists. For faculty and established practitioners, it can serve as a great supplemental resource for dealing with radiation biology problems in the classroom or clinic.The book presents a coherent, quantitative, and qualitative theory of radiation biology, which has been developed and expanded over the years from the 1970s to present. It follows a practical approach providing the mathematical formulas that would allow for an intuitive implementation of the theoretical concepts in the clinic. It can help biologists and radiation oncology and medical physics residents build their background knowledge and understanding of why and how things happen in the clinical environment. Furthermore, it can serve as a quick and comprehensive review of the basic principles and concepts in the field of radiation biology. I recommend this textbook as a teaching tool for biology and medical physics training programs as well as for radiation oncology and medical physics residency programs.”—Panayiotis Mavroidis, PhD (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) in Doody’s Core Titles Review 2022.Table of ContentsPART I: Ionising Radiation Effects. 1. The Molecular Model and DNA Double Strand Breaks. 2. The Molecular Model for Cellular Effects. 3. The Link from Molecular Lesion to Cellular Effects. 4. DNA Double Strand Breaks and Chromosomal Aberrations. 5. The Effect of Dose Rate, Fractionation and Post-Irradiation Repair. 6. Radiation Quality. 7. Radiation-Induced Cancer. 8. Radiation-Induced Lethality. 9 Radiological Protection. PART II: Ultraviolet Light Effects. 10. The Molecular Model for the Cytotoxic Action of UV Light. PART III: Genotoxicology. 11. An Assessment of the Risk of Chemical Mutagens.

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