Language: history and general works Books

Book SynopsisDuring the 1740s, literate Russians mostly kept to traditional forms of written language. Although the linguistic reforms undertaken by Peter the Great earlier in the century affected printed secular texts and the imperial administration, these reforms were less radical than often assumed. This study draws conclusions based on an analysis that differs from earlier ones. First of all, the study examines the Russian language during a comparatively little-known decade of the eighteenth century. In doing so, it takes into account not only strictly linguistic data, but also developments in Russian society. Second, the investigation analyzes sources that are seldom valued for their linguistic content, thus offering a broader perspective on the Russian language of the period. Trade Review“This book offers a meticulous examination of written Russian texts dating to the 1740s, the first decade of Tsarina Elizabeth’s reign. … The author’s methodology will inform future investigations of brief time periods in the history of Russian language usage needed to better understand the country’s social development. This book is a model for sociolinguists, especially social historians interested in the development of education and literacy in czarist Russia. … Recommended.”— E. J. Vajda, Western Washington University, CHOICE (April 2023: Vol. 60 No. 8)"...[T]he manuscript heritage of the 1740s is an extensive and very heterogeneous material. A comprehensive analysis of this array in all its diversity is a matter of the future – in this regard, T. Rosen's book offers a promising direction for further research and is an essential step towards them."— Natalia Kareva, Вивлiоѳика: E-Journal of Eighteenth-Century Russian Studies (Translated from Russian)Table of ContentsAuthor’s NotesNotes on TransliterationSpelling of NamesThe Old Style CalendarTranslation of QuotationsAcknowledgmentsChapter 1: Introduction1.1 Aim and Purpose of the Investigation1.2 Language and Society in Eighteenth-Century Russia1.3 Historical Sociolinguistics?1.4 Chronological Delimitations1.5 Was Post-Petrine Russian in Disarray?1.6. Research Questions1.6.1 Extralinguistic Questions1.6.2 Linguistic Questions:1.7 Outline of the InvestigationChapter 2: Survey of Existing Research2.1 Russian Language from the 1740s as a Field of Study2.2 General Studies of Eighteenth-Century Russian2.3 Sociolinguistically Oriented Studies of Eighteenth-Century Russian2.4 Language and Politics in the 1740s2.5 Assessing the Situation2.6 ConclusionsChapter 3: The Impact of Society on Language3.1 Introductory Remarks3.1.1 Peoples and Languages3.1.2 Social Stratification3.1.3 Politics and Administration3.2 Education and Literacy in Eighteenth-Century Russia3.2.1 Education3.2.2 Literacy3.3 Language Management3.3.1 Examining Language Management in Handwritten Documents from the 1740s3.3.2 The Imperial Academy of Sciences, a Language Management Agency3.3.3 A New Function: The Founding of the Russian Conference3.3.4 The Demise of the Russian Conference3.4 Language Management in the Administration3.4.1 Template for the Imperial Title, 17413.4.2 Template for a Letter of Credit, 17443.5 ConclusionsChapter 4: Available Sources4.1 Electronic Corpora of Eighteenth-Century Texts4.2 Printed Texts4.2.1 Books4.2.2 Newspapers4.2.3 Popular Prints4.3 Archival Material4.3.1 Selection of Sources4.4 Paleographic Characteristics of the Material4.4.1 Developments in Printing during the 1740s4.4.2 Handwritten Documents4.5 The People behind the MaterialChapter 5: Methodological Considerations5.1 Existing Methods5.2 Methodological Renewal5.2.1 The Uniformitarian Principle5.2.2 The Uniformitarian Principle and the Registers of Eighteenth-Century Russian5.2.3 What May Have Influenced the Registers?5.2.4 Register Analysis5.3 Register Analysis of Russian from the 1740sChapter 6: Situational Analysis of Registers6.1 Participants6.1.1 Individuals6.1.2 Institutions6.2 Relationships among Participants6.3 Channel6.3.1 Change of Printed Medium: A Weather Phenomenon in Spain6.3.2 Speech to Writing: Witness Statements6.4 Processing Circumstances6.5 Setting6.6 Communicative Purpose6.7 Topics6.8 ConclusionsChapter 7: Linguistic Analysis7.1 Autographs7.1.1 Mate Filipp Lanikin’s Receipt7.1.2 Mikhail Turchenikov’s Letter and Its Cultural Contexta) The Reportb) The Letters7.2 The Language of Regional Administration7.3 The Language of Diplomacy7.3.1 The Treaty on Subsidies7.3.2 Letters to the Royal Families7.3.3 A Letter by A. I. Rumiantsev7.4 The Life of Printed Texts7.4.1 Printing and Obsolete Characters7.4.2 The Development of Printed Texts7.4.3 Parallel Editions: Field-Marshal de Lacy’s Reports from the FrontChapter 8: Functional Analysis8.1 Tradition8.2 Education8.3 Social Identity8.4 Efficiency of Administration8.5 Informativity8.6 ConclusionChapter 9: General Conclusions9.1 Territorial Expansion and the Need for Trained Specialists9.2 Education and Literacy9.3 Organized Language Management9.4 Functional Spheres of Russian in the 1740s9.5 PerspectivesBibliographyArchival SourcesArchival Sources on the InternetPrinted SourcesLiterature

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Book SynopsisDuring the 1740s, literate Russians mostly kept to traditional forms of written language. Although the linguistic reforms undertaken by Peter the Great earlier in the century affected printed secular texts and the imperial administration, these reforms were less radical than often assumed. This study draws conclusions based on an analysis that differs from earlier ones. First of all, the study examines the Russian language during a comparatively little-known decade of the eighteenth century. In doing so, it takes into account not only strictly linguistic data, but also developments in Russian society. Second, the investigation analyzes sources that are seldom valued for their linguistic content, thus offering a broader perspective on the Russian language of the period. Trade Review“This book offers a meticulous examination of written Russian texts dating to the 1740s, the first decade of Tsarina Elizabeth’s reign. … The author’s methodology will inform future investigations of brief time periods in the history of Russian language usage needed to better understand the country’s social development. This book is a model for sociolinguists, especially social historians interested in the development of education and literacy in czarist Russia. … Recommended.”— E. J. Vajda, Western Washington University, CHOICE (April 2023: Vol. 60 No. 8)"...[T]he manuscript heritage of the 1740s is an extensive and very heterogeneous material. A comprehensive analysis of this array in all its diversity is a matter of the future – in this regard, T. Rosen's book offers a promising direction for further research and is an essential step towards them."— Natalia Kareva, Вивлiоѳика: E-Journal of Eighteenth-Century Russian Studies (Translated from Russian)Table of ContentsAuthor’s NotesNotes on TransliterationSpelling of NamesThe Old Style CalendarTranslation of QuotationsAcknowledgmentsChapter 1: Introduction1.1 Aim and Purpose of the Investigation1.2 Language and Society in Eighteenth-Century Russia1.3 Historical Sociolinguistics?1.4 Chronological Delimitations1.5 Was Post-Petrine Russian in Disarray?1.6. Research Questions1.6.1 Extralinguistic Questions1.6.2 Linguistic Questions:1.7 Outline of the InvestigationChapter 2: Survey of Existing Research2.1 Russian Language from the 1740s as a Field of Study2.2 General Studies of Eighteenth-Century Russian2.3 Sociolinguistically Oriented Studies of Eighteenth-Century Russian2.4 Language and Politics in the 1740s2.5 Assessing the Situation2.6 ConclusionsChapter 3: The Impact of Society on Language3.1 Introductory Remarks3.1.1 Peoples and Languages3.1.2 Social Stratification3.1.3 Politics and Administration3.2 Education and Literacy in Eighteenth-Century Russia3.2.1 Education3.2.2 Literacy3.3 Language Management3.3.1 Examining Language Management in Handwritten Documents from the 1740s3.3.2 The Imperial Academy of Sciences, a Language Management Agency3.3.3 A New Function: The Founding of the Russian Conference3.3.4 The Demise of the Russian Conference3.4 Language Management in the Administration3.4.1 Template for the Imperial Title, 17413.4.2 Template for a Letter of Credit, 17443.5 ConclusionsChapter 4: Available Sources4.1 Electronic Corpora of Eighteenth-Century Texts4.2 Printed Texts4.2.1 Books4.2.2 Newspapers4.2.3 Popular Prints4.3 Archival Material4.3.1 Selection of Sources4.4 Paleographic Characteristics of the Material4.4.1 Developments in Printing during the 1740s4.4.2 Handwritten Documents4.5 The People behind the MaterialChapter 5: Methodological Considerations5.1 Existing Methods5.2 Methodological Renewal5.2.1 The Uniformitarian Principle5.2.2 The Uniformitarian Principle and the Registers of Eighteenth-Century Russian5.2.3 What May Have Influenced the Registers?5.2.4 Register Analysis5.3 Register Analysis of Russian from the 1740sChapter 6: Situational Analysis of Registers6.1 Participants6.1.1 Individuals6.1.2 Institutions6.2 Relationships among Participants6.3 Channel6.3.1 Change of Printed Medium: A Weather Phenomenon in Spain6.3.2 Speech to Writing: Witness Statements6.4 Processing Circumstances6.5 Setting6.6 Communicative Purpose6.7 Topics6.8 ConclusionsChapter 7: Linguistic Analysis7.1 Autographs7.1.1 Mate Filipp Lanikin’s Receipt7.1.2 Mikhail Turchenikov’s Letter and Its Cultural Contexta) The Reportb) The Letters7.2 The Language of Regional Administration7.3 The Language of Diplomacy7.3.1 The Treaty on Subsidies7.3.2 Letters to the Royal Families7.3.3 A Letter by A. I. Rumiantsev7.4 The Life of Printed Texts7.4.1 Printing and Obsolete Characters7.4.2 The Development of Printed Texts7.4.3 Parallel Editions: Field-Marshal de Lacy’s Reports from the FrontChapter 8: Functional Analysis8.1 Tradition8.2 Education8.3 Social Identity8.4 Efficiency of Administration8.5 Informativity8.6 ConclusionChapter 9: General Conclusions9.1 Territorial Expansion and the Need for Trained Specialists9.2 Education and Literacy9.3 Organized Language Management9.4 Functional Spheres of Russian in the 1740s9.5 PerspectivesBibliographyArchival SourcesArchival Sources on the InternetPrinted SourcesLiterature

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Book SynopsisRoutledge English Language Introductions cover core areas of language study and are one-stop resources for students. Assuming no prior knowledge, books in the series offer an accessible overview of the subject, with activities, study questions, sample analyses, and commentaries.Revised and updated throughout, this fifth edition of Practical English Phonetics and Phonology: treats British and American English side-by-side throughout the book, which is new to this edition; presents the essentials of the subject and their day-to-day applications in an engaging and accessible manner; covers all the core concepts of phonetics and phonology, such as the phoneme, syllable structure, production of speech, vowel and consonant possibilities, glottal settings, stress, weak forms, rhythm, intonation and the surprises of connected speech; gives descriptions of the sound systems of Spanish, Italian, French, German, Polish and Japanese

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Book SynopsisIncluded in the TLS Books of the Year 2023 Written by an author brought up in working-class Liverpool in the 1960s and 1970s, Liverpool: A Memoir of Words is a work of creative non-fiction that combines the study of language in Liverpool with social history, the history of the English language and personal memoir. A beautifully written book, based on a lifetime’s academic research, it explores the relationship between language and memory, and demonstrates the ways in which words are enmeshed in history and history in words. Starting with ‘Ace’ and weaving its way alphabetically to ‘Z-Cars’, the work illustrates the deep relationship that has been forged in the past two hundred years or so between a form of language, a place and a social identity. The account is funny, sad, full of surprises and always illuminating. It tells the real history of ‘Scouse’, details the multicultural complexity of Liverpool English, examines the common use of ‘plazzymorphs’, and shows how Liverpudlian words exemplify standard processes of change and development. Neither a memoir, dictionary or history book, this work crosses different fields of knowledge in order to weave an engaging and fascinating story. It is a book that will educate and delight Liverpudlians, students of language and social historians alike.Trade Review‘Liverpool is a city that treasures words. Here Tony Crowley joyfully opens the treasure chest and holds words up to the light of history, politics, memory and love. A gold mine of a book.’ Frank Cottrell-Boyce‘Both dazzlingly erudite and refreshingly readable, Tony Crowley’s book, which is part memoir and part cultural history, brings Scouse to life, showing us with abundant humour and grace the many ways we use language and language uses us.’ Professor Deryn Rees-Jones, University of Liverpool‘By means of a lexicon of keywords in Liverpudlian English, Tony Crowley is able to interweave personal, social and linguistic history, drawing upon native wit, etymological erudition and a remarkable recollection of childhood years. Shorn of condescension and prejudice, the Liverpool vernacular with which he grew up is analysed with an accentuated sense of time and place that historians can but admire. So much more than a personal memoir, here is a significant work on the social and cultural history of Liverpool, wondrous place.’ Professor John Belchem, University of Liverpool, author of Irish, Catholic and Scouse‘As a poet from “over-the-water”, Liverpool: A Memoir of Words offers an enjoyable exploration of vernacular language. Recognising the nuanced differences, edges and boundaries between localities within a city and its wider region, Tony Crowley places emphasis on variation and change, on the many-voiced reality of Merseyside, creating a perspective on the region which is both highly specific and yet coursing with the flow of historical tides. Language shifts as does identity, and by hearing and noting these linguistic changes an account is offered of how Liverpool and the wider region reimagines itself in response to its legacy as a port city and as a coastal landscape, of being of the land and always of the water.’ Dr Eleanor Rees, Liverpool Hope University‘Who has done the most for Liverpool – the Beatles, Ken Dodd, Wayne Rooney? In scholarship the answer has to be Tony Crowley… Touching, sceptical and massively well-informed, it’s an ace book, wackers.’ John Kerrigan, Times Literary SupplementTable of ContentsIntroduction: Our Common Language Ace Bommie Cash Dekko Easy Six Footy Gobshite Hard Ippies and Ozzies Jigger Kop Liverpool Mersey Nark Ollies Proddydog Queg Rozzer Scouse Togs Us Vaults Woollyback Xy Yonks Z-Cars

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Book SynopsisExplores the historical geography and toponyms of the Beth Qa?raye region.

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Book Synopsis'My first English lesson was grammar with the terrifying Mrs Petrie. She spent the entire time marching up and down the classroom, thwacking various items of school furniture with a ruler while she banged on about the ING part of the verb. I sat there, vibrating with fear, desperately trying to figure out what on earth she could mean. Irregular Negative Gerund? Intransitive Nominative Genitive? It was only years later, when I was teaching English to foreign students, that I realised that English grammar wasn't obscure and wilfully difficult but a fascinating subject which I was already brilliant at - and this book will prove that you are too.'Forget the little you think you know about English grammar and start afresh with this highly entertaining and accessible guide. English for the Natives outlines the rules and structures of our language as they are taught to foreign students - and have never before been explained to us. Harry Ritchie also examines the grammar of dialects as well as standard English and shows how non-standard forms are just as valid. With examples from a wide variety of sources, from Ali G to John Betjeman, Margaret Thatcher to Match of the Day, this essential book reveals some surprising truths about our language and teaches you all the things you didn't know you knew about grammar.Trade ReviewRitchie's approach to English grammar in this entertaining book on the subject is a relief * Sunday Times *This informative read reassures that mastering our language is easier than it seems * Mail on Sunday, Paperback of the Week *A hugely entertaining read, full of attitude and verve and sharp running jokes. And underneath all this lies rigorous linguistic heft, which gives the book real authority * Daily Mail *I learnt a lot about my own language from English for the Natives, and about how our language and our understanding of the world have developed in tandem. And I particularly appreciated Harry Ritchie's bold dismantling of the metaphysics of Chomskyan structuralism. Wonderful to have such a fresh first-hand observation of how language actually works * Michael Frayn *Clear, trenchant, funny, Ritchie makes thinking a pleasure * John Carey *Essential reading * Nick Hornby *An engaging response to an educational disaster . . . This book is sensible, valuable and written with a sense of fun * TLS *How many new books are there about words, grammar and language? Nonetheless, Harry Ritchie's English for the Natives leaps to the top of the pile for its sharp, good sense, linguistic rigour [and] sense of humour -- Marcus Berkmann * The Spectator *On the pleasantly scholarly end of the word book spectrum. Informed by linguistics, it has a particularly good discussion of the controversy between "innatists" (following Chomsky) and others * Guardian *

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Book SynopsisWord Origins is the only guide to the science and process of etymology for the layperson. This funny, charming, and conversational book not only tells the known origins of hundreds of words, but also shows how their origins were determined. Liberman, an internationally acclaimed etymologist, takes the reader by the hand and explains the many ways that English words can be made, and the many ways in which etymologists try to unearth the origins of words. Part history, part how-to, and completely entertaining, Word Origins invites readers behind the scenes to watch an etymologist at work.Trade ReviewProf. Liberman's excellent book would make a fine Christmas present for anyone interested in the history of the English language. * Irish Times, *

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Book SynopsisThis first and only work of non-fiction by the author of two novels, two collections of short stories and a collection of poetry, has an accessible and conversational tone, which perhaps disguises its enormous ambition. It not only deals with the origins of language to argue its centrality to humanity and the naturalness of bilingualism and multilingualism, but examines how writing and printing built on that centrality to develop the "social mind" - the sum of knowledge within any given society. More recent technological changes have undermined the importance of language in society, and could possibly damage psychological health and society at large. All the arguments are couched in a sceptical approach, and the author principally wants to initiate a debate rather than give a defining analysis of a complex subject. Each chapter is introduced by a short story that illustrates the argument of that chapter.Trade Review"...there is so much here that is important ... and his humanity so winning and welcome, ..." "A deeply reflective, extraordinarily wide-ranging meditation on the nature of language, infused in its every phrase by a passionate humanism" - Terry Eagleton "I like In Praise of the Garrulous very much indeed, not only because it says a good many interesting and true things, but because of its tone and style. Its combination of personal passion, observation, stories, poetic bits and serious expert argument, expressed as it is in the prose of an intelligent conversation: all this is ideal for holding and persuading intelligent but non-expert readers. In my opinion he has done nothing better." - Eric Hobsbawm "This is a brilliant tour de force, in space and time, into the origins of language, speech and the word. From the past to the present you are left with strong doubts about the Idea of Progress and our superiority as a modern, indeed at times post-modern, society over the previous generations. Such a journey into the world of the word needs an articulate and eloquent guide: Allan Cameron is both and much more than that." - Ilan Pappe; "Weaving effortlessly from classical literature to the modern day, In Praise of the Garrulous takes language back from the domain of the pedants and reinstates our proudest achievement at the heart of human society." - Lesley Riddoch "In Praise of the Garrulous is a diverting, chewy read, its tone simultaneously chatty, professorial and even vatic. There are some interesting ideas" - The Sunday HeraldTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Silence, like gold, is the currency of the powerful (an examination of the relationship between language and power) 2. The birth of language (the origins and language as means to story knowledge) 3. Words are a gift from the dead (language is the product of historical happenchance and the cumulative efforts of individuals over generations) 4. The creation of the social mind (the "social mind", a key concept in the author's argument) 5. Big is not beautiful, but merely more profitable (minority languages do the same things as dominant one, but the economies of scale are driving them into extinction) 6. Register (a neglected subject: the disappearance of register over the last thirty years) 7. The need for a lingua franca and its inherent dangers (powerful international languages are necessary lingua frances, but they are a danger to cultural diversity and themselves) 8. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis innovative collection of essays shows how linguistic diversity has inspired people across time and cultures to embark on adventurous journeys through the translation of texts. It tells the story of how ideas have travelled via the medium of translation into different languages and cultures, focusing on illustrated examples ranging from Greek papyri through illuminated manuscripts and fine early books to fantasy languages (such as J.R.R. Tolkien’s Elvish), the search for a universal language and the challenges of translation in multicultural Britain. Starting with the concept of Babel itself, which illustrates the early cultural prominence of multilingualism, and with an illustration of a Mediterranean language of four millennia ago (Linear A) which still resists deciphering, it goes on to examine how languages have interacted with each other in different contexts. The book also explores the multilingual transmission of key texts in religion, science (the history of Euclid), animal fable (from Aesop in Greek to Beatrix Potter via La Fontaine, with some fascinating Southeast Asian books), fairy-tale, fantasy and translations of the great Greek epics of Homer. It is lavishly illustrated with a diverse range of material, from papyrus fragments found at Oxyrhynchus to Esperanto handbooks to Asterix cartoons, each offering its own particular adventure into translation.Table of ContentsCONTENTS Foreword 1 Babel: Curse or Blessing? (Matthew Reynolds) 2 ‘Debabelization’: Creating a Universal Language (Dennis Duncan) 3 Translating the Divine (Matthew Reynolds) 4 An Epic Journey: Translating Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey (Stephen Harrison) 5 Translating Tales: Beast-fables around the World (Stephen Harrison) 6 Traversing Realms of Fantasy (Katrin Kohl) 7 Negotiating Multilingual Britain (Katrin Kohl) 8 Languages Lost in Time (Dennis Duncan) Notes Further Reading Acknowledgements Index

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Book SynopsisThis Language, A River is an introduction to the history of English that recognizes multiple varieties of the language in both current and historical contexts. The book aims to enable students to both grasp traditional histories of English, and to extend and complicate those histories. Exercises throughout provide opportunities for puzzling out concepts, committing terms and data to memory, and applying ideas. A comprehensive glossary and up-to-date bibliographies help to guide further study.This accompanying workbook includes exercises keyed to each chapter of the textbook. Exercises are graded into beginning, intermediate and advanced groupings, which will aid in making the textbook appropriate for different levels of students.Trade Review“This Language, A River: Workbook complements the eponymous textbook perfectly and is therefore a fantastic resource for students and instructors alike. With the comprehensive coverage of historical and linguistic phenomena in the textbook, the exercises provided in this workbook allow students to experience the English used in specific periods in a hands-on way, which deepens and broadens the understanding of the history of English. This workbook is extremely accessible. Each chapter features activities for students at different stages in their academic career—beginner, intermediate, and advanced—which allows instructors great flexibility to adjust material for lower and upper division and even graduate-level courses. The way in which the exercises build on each other and become more complex also ensures that no activity is redundant. Even at a higher-level course, the beginner-level exercises will serve as great introductory activities to a specific topic. This workbook is a marvelous resource.” — Dominik Heinrici, The University of Tennessee ChattanoogaTable of Contents 1: Introduction 2: Grammar Fundamentals 3: Before English 4: Introduction to Phonetics 5: Germanic 6: Orthography, Phonology, Morphology, and Syntax 7: Old English 8: Middle English 9: Early Modern English 10: The Modern Period and Global Englishes Glossary of Terms

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Book SynopsisOne of the most distinctive characteristics of English is the number of words and phrases it has borrowed - and continues to borrow - from other languages, originally and most notably from Latin and French but now also from every corner of the globe. From the frequently used veranda and futon to the less familiar quinquennium and catenaccio, from the longstanding in vino veritas and vade mecum to the recent doosra and galactico, this highly informative reference book provides a revealing record of that remarkable story. With 6,000 detailed entries from aa to zut, this dictionary is the authoritative guide to foreign words and phrases used in contemporary British and American English. Drawn from over 40 languages, entries provide details of the history of each word or phrase, including language of origin, spelling variants, pronunciation, and its sense and use in English. Information is given on specific items of interest, such as the use of daemon in Philip Pullman''s His Dark MaterialTrade ReviewReview from previous edition frightfully good value. Clarifies those little words and letters that so often puzzle * Express *a delight to peruse * Toby Lichtig, Times Literary Supplement *Table of ContentsPREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION; PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION; PRONUNCIATION GUIDE; OXFORD DICTIONARY OF FOREIGN WORDS AND PHRASES; APPENDIX

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Language and Power is widely recognised both as a classic and an essential introductory textbook to the field of Critical Discourse Analysis. It focusses on how language functions in maintaining and changing power relations in modern society, the ways of analysing language which can reveal these processes and how people can become more conscious of them, as well as, more able to resist and change them.In this twenty-fifth anniversary edition, Norman Fairclough includes a substantial new introduction and brings the discussion up-to-date. He shows both the importance of the book in the development of critical discourse analysis over the past three decades and how language and power relations have changed due to major socio-economic changes. It remains vital reading for all students of discourse analysis, critical discourse analysis and other related courses.

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Book SynopsisLearning English focuses on young children's acquisition of spoken and written English in monolingual and bilingual contexts and explores the debates surrounding English in schools and colleges, and the often controversial nature of the English curriculum in different parts of the world. English is learned in most parts of the world, both through use in the home and community, and as a major language of education. Learning English represents just some of this diversity. Table of ContentsEnglish as a First Language. Language in the Repertoire. Learning to Read and Write in English. English as a Classroom. English and the Curriculum. English for Speakers of Other Languages. English for Academic Purposes

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Book SynopsisOne of the most interesting changes in Proto-Germanic was the alternation of y and w after short syllables with i and u after long, respectively - an alternation with far-reaching effects. Described by Eduard Sievers in 1878, this law has been the subject of controversy ever since. Is it related to a similar phenomenon in Vedic Sanskrit, and was it, therefore, Indo-European in origin? What is its relationship to alliterative verse in Germanic? This study addresses such questions and demonstrates that Sievers'' Law has played a wider role in Old English than heretofore demonstrated.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisSinglish is the colloquial variety of English spoken in Singapore. It has sparked much public debate, but so far the complex question of what Singlish really is and what it means to its speakers has remained obscured. This important work explores some of the socio-political controversies surrounding Singlish, such as the political ideologies inherent in Singlish discourse, the implications of being restricted to Singlish for those speakers without access to standard English, the complex relationship between Singlish and migration, and the question of whether Singlish is an asset or a liability to Singaporeans. These questions surrounding Singlish illustrate many current issues in language, culture and identity in an age of rapid change. The book will be of interest to scholars and advanced students of World Englishes and sociolinguistics. Its detailed analysis of the Singlish controversy will illuminate broader questions about language, identity and globalization.Trade Review'Wee's book, which combines theoretical discussions with relevant examples, is … a welcome reality check for language researchers, educators, and policy makers to reassess their claims and positions beyond narrow linguistic descriptions, evaluative discourse, and linguistics prejudices.' Stefanie Pillai, Language in SocietyTable of Contents1. Language policy in Singapore: English, Singlish and the mother tongues; 2. Ideology pooling and metadiscursive convergence in the Singlish debate; 3. Language experts, linguistic chutzpah and the Speak Good Singlish Movement; 4. Voice: who speaks about Singlish?; 5. The commodification of Singlish; 6. Singlish, migration and mobility; 7. What is Singlish? Language, culture and identity in a globalizing world.

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Book SynopsisThis volume provides a new critical text of the Prologue and the first two books of Venantius Fortunatus'' Vita Sancti Martini, a work, written in the latter half of the sixth century, which paraphrases in epic verse the famous prose hagiography of St Martin by Sulpicius Severus. This edition offers the first English translation of and the first full commentary on that part of Venantius'' poem. Venantius was one of the last writers in a recognisably classical Latin tradition and his Vita affords a fascinating insight into the language and literary culture of his time. It is, however, a deceptively allusive and difficult poem, and the introduction and commentary of this book deal extensively with matters of exegesis, textual criticism, language, metre and much else. It will be valuable for students of the literature and culture of late Latin antiquity, and for those interested in early Christianity and hagiography.Trade Review'Nigel M. Kay's edition, with its elegant but faithful translation and helpful … opens this enjoyable text to a wider readership and will be a useful tool for generations of scholars to come … Kay's text, translation and commentary is a masterpiece of philological craftmanship.' Enno Friedrich, Bryn Mawr Classical ReviewTable of ContentsIntroduction; Sigla; Text and translation; Commentary; Appendices.

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Book SynopsisThis lively account of the making of Canadian English traces the variety''s conceptual, social and linguistic developments from the twentieth century to the present. This book is not just another history of Canadian English; it is a history of the variety''s discovery, codification, and eventual acceptance, as well as the contribution of the linguists behind it. Written by an active research linguist focusing on Canadian English, this book is an archive-based biography on multiple levels. Through a combination of new data and re-interpretations of existing studies, a new voice is given to earlier generations of Canadian linguists who, generally forgotten today, shaped the variety and how we think about it. Exploring topics such as linguistic description and codification, dictionary making, linguistic imperialism, linguistic attitudes, language and Canadian identity, or the threat of Americanisation, Dollinger presents a coherent, integrated and balanced account of developments spanningTrade Review'Stefan Dollinger has undertaken heroic archival sleuthing to resuscitate the coalition of amateur logophiles and English professors that succeeded in bringing Canadian English into print and, more important, into our consciousness. Through him, this small, almost forgotten band of scholars come to life with their foibles, their labours and above all their dedication.' Jack Chambers, University of Toronto'For this brilliantly researched book, Stefan Dollinger bravely ventured to parts of the archives other scholars had never reached. He emerged with the fascinating story of how the 'Lennon & McCartney of Canadian English', Walter S. Avis and Charles J. Lovell, persuaded Canada - and then the world - to recognize Canadian English as the distinctive language variety that it truly is.' Peter Trudgill, Université de Fribourg, Switzerland'It is consistently seasoned with lively examples, gems of Canadianisms, explained in context and documented by references to the DCHP and other works. For anybody interested in such a perspective Dollinger's book is a captivating read.' Edgar W. Schneider, English World-Wide'… Creating Canadian English provides us with a highly competent and readable story, diligently researched in archives and by interviews, written by a scholar working in Canada, in nuanced Canadian English, that all audiences should find is a helpful introduction to its subject and a clear call for further community-involved efforts. I rate it highly.' David Douglas Robertson, LINGUIST ListTable of Contents1. What is Canadian English?; 2. The heritage of Canadian English; 3. Avis pulls it off; 4. The 'technology': slips, slips, and more slips; 5. 1967 – excitement and hype; 6. Riding the wave of success; 7. A global village and a national dictionary war; 8. Decolonizing DCHP-1 and DCHP-2; 9. Is there really a Canadian English?; Further reading.

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Book SynopsisUsing novel examples from live, unscripted radio/TV broadcasts and the internet, this path-breaking book will force us to reconsider the nature of everyday English and its complex interplay of syntactic, pragmatic, sociolinguistic and psycholinguistic factors. Uncovering unusual types of non-standard relative clauses, Andrew Radford develops theoretically sophisticated analyses in an area that has traditionally hardly been touched on: that of nonstandard (yet not clearly dialectal) variation in English. Making sense of a huge amount of data, the book demonstrates that some types of non-standard relative clauses have a complex syntactic structure of their own in which the relation between the relative clause and its antecedent is either syntactically encoded or pragmatic in nature, while others come about as a result of hypercorrection, and yet others arise from processing errors.Table of ContentsPrologue; 1. Background; 2. Resumptive relatives; 3. Prepositional relatives; 4. Gapless relatives; Epilogue.

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Book SynopsisThis book began as one of the publication outlets for two flagship conferences in 2019: 12th Conaplin (Conference on Applied Linguistics) and 3rd Icollite (International Conference on Language, Literature, Culture, and Education) which bring forth broad topics in the fields of education, applied linguistics, and literature organized by the Indonesia University of Education (UPI â Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia). Conaplin is one of the first annual conferences held by UPI, organized by the Language Centre in collaboration with the English Language Department. Icollite, on the other hand, emerged from the local scientific forum into an international conference to showcase the latest insights offered by new doctoral graduates in the Faculty of Language and Literature Education. For the themes of 2019 put forth by the two conferences, 12th Conaplin's "Applied Linguistics and Industrial Revolution 4.0: Reviewing Policy, Expanding Research, Enriching Practices" and 3rd Icollite's "Bridging Literacies, Culture, and Society towards Education 4.0", we highlight the importance of current buzz words in the language and education fields. We have observed that the proliferation of the use of these terms signals how communities in general, especially those in higher education, are grappling with responding to rapid changes in the IR 4.0. In the era we live in, humanity is being reshaped at an unprecedented speed and scale, mainly due to the advancement of technology. In order to maintain balance in our educational system so that social and cultural aspects can work harmoniously with the advancement of technology that can sometimes be isolating and impersonal, we collectively need to identify new and innovative ways in which we support the full potentials of our students, colleagues, and communities in interconnected global interactions. To this end, we need to review our existing policies in education, expanding our research to foster more collaboration and interdisciplinary connection to provide solutions and alternatives to problems that might arise as the consequence of the changing times.Table of ContentsPreface; Literacy, Culture, and Society in the Context of 4.0 Industrial Revolution: An Introduction; Towards Education 4.0: An Agenda for Multiliteracies in the English Language Classroom; The Industrial Revolution 4.0 and Language Education Policy: Indonesia Readiness to Use and Democratize English; Multilingual Societies and Language Policy in Indonesia; When Localization Travels to Southeast Asia: Elt Curriculum Development in the Age of Market-Driven Needs; Agency in Research on Education: How is Agency Researched?; Fostering Language Learner Autonomy for Lifelong Learning; Becoming a Professional Teacher: Exploring Early-Career Indonesian EFL Teachers Identity Formation; Emerging Teacher Professional Identity: The Experience of Pre-service Teacher in an International Teaching Practicum Program; Attitudes towards English as an International Language (EIL) during Overseas Study: A Study of Indonesian Postgraduate Students; Contextual Influences on Learner Engagement in University EFL Courses in Japan; The Effect of Mobile-Assisted Language Learning Quizizz on High School Students Reading Comprehension in the English Learning Context; Does Cognition Reflect Performance? Rhetorical Organization of Journal Article Abstracts Written by Indonesian Authors; Examining Form and Pattern of Ulama in Western Media: A Corpus-Aided Discourse Analysis Approach; Apology Speech Acts in Japanese and Sundanese: Strategies, Expressions, and Awareness in a Misunderstanding Situation; Digitizing Manuscripts into an Animated Movie as a Medium of Learning Childrens Literature in the Digital Era; Towards a Pedagogy for Learner Engagement Involving Spoken Texts; Capturing the Language of Flash Fiction: Suggested Teaching Activities Using Stylistics in the English Classroom; The Utilization of Video in Teaching Audio-visual-oral Indonesian Course in China; Index.

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Book SynopsisLanguage policy and usage in the post-communist region have continually attracted wide political, media, and expert attention since the disintegration of the USSR in 1991. How are these issues politicised in contemporary Estonia, Latvia, and Ukraine? This study presents a cross-cultural qualitative and quantitative analysis of publications in leading Russian-language blogs and news websites of these three post-Soviet states in the period from 2004 to 2017. The most notable difference observed between Ukraine, on the one side, and the two Baltic countries, on the other, is that many Russian-writing users in Ukraines internet tend to support the position that the state language, i.e. Ukrainian, is discriminated against and needs special protection by the state, whereas the majority of Russian-speaking commentators on selected Estonian and Latvian news websites advocate the establishment of Russian as a second state language. Despite attempts of Ukraines government to ukrainianise the public space, the position of Ukrainian is still perceived, even by many Russian-writing commentators and bloggers, as being precarious and vulnerable. This became especially visible in debates after the 20132014 Revolution of Dignity, when the number of supporters of an introduction of Russian as a second state language significantly decreased. In the Russian-language segments of Estonian and Latvian news websites and blogs, in contrast, the majority of online users continue to reproduce the image of being victims of their countries nation-building. They often claim that their political, as well as economic rights are significantly limited in comparison to ethnic Estonians and Latvians. This book illustrates thatnotwithstanding variations between the Estonian as well as Latvian cases, on the one hand, and Ukraine, on the otherthere is an ongoing process of convergence within Ukrainian debates if compared to those held in the other two countries in terms of an increasing degree of discursive decommunisation and derussification.

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Book SynopsisThis work comprises of three sections : 1. Materialism, 2. Doctrine, and 3. The origin of language. In the first section, he discusses philosophy from a different outlook, not as a subject but as the intellectual quintessence'. He includes the types of philosophy and the phenomenon of dialectics in discussion, He, then discusses doctrine as the highest epistemological achievement. It is the only work of its kind to discuss the process of doctrine formation.

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Book SynopsisThe Emancipation of Biblical Philology in the Dutch Republic, 1590-1670 argues that the application of tools, developed in the study of ancient Greek and Latin authors, to the Bible was aimed at stabilizing the biblical text but had the unintentional effect that the text grew more and more unstable. Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677) capitalized on this tradition in his notorious Theological-political Treatise (1670). However, the foundations on which his radical biblical scholarship is built were laid by Reformed philologists who started from the hermeneutical assumption that philology was the servant of reformed dogma. On the basis of this principle, they pushed biblical scholarship to the centre of historical studies during the first half of the seventeenth century.Dirk van Miert shows how Jacob Arminius, Franciscus Gomarus, the translators and revisers of the States'' Translation, Daniel Heinsius, Hugo Grotius, Claude Saumaise, Isaac de La Peyrère, and Isaac Vossius all drew on techniques developed by classical scholars of Renaissance humanism, notably Joseph Scaliger, who devoted themselves to the study of manuscripts, (oriental) languages, and ancient history. Van Miert assesses and compares the accomplishments of these scholars in textual criticism, the analysis of languages, and the reconstruction of political and cultural historical contexts, highlighting that their methods were closely linked.Trade ReviewVan Miert has done an excellent job placing biblical philology in its broader context. The study is clearly underpinned by meticulous research... * William A. Ross, The Catholic Biblical Quarterly *This is a valuable analysis of a time when the Bible was at the forefront of daily life and politics. * George J. Brooke, Journal for the Study of the Old Testament *This wonderful study was written in the context of the research project Biblical Criticism in the Seventeenth Century, led by Henk Nellen and Piet Steenbakkers. * Jan Bloemendal, Huygens Institute for the History of the Netherlands / Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Renaissance Quarterly *Table of ContentsIntroduction: Biblical Philology in the Sixteenth Century 1: Joseph Scaliger: The Power of Philology (1590-1609) 2: Biblical Philology: Nothing Radical (1609-1619) 3: Mobilizing Biblical Philology: The States' Translation (1619-1637) 4: The Biblical Philology of Daniel Heinsius (1619-1640) 5: Grotius's Annotationes on the Bible (1619-1645) 6: Claude Saumaise and the 'Hairy War' (1640-1650) 7: Radical Philology: Isaac de La Peyrère (1643-1660) 8: On the Eve of Spinoza: The Rise of Biblical Philology (1650-1670) Conclusion: The Emancipation of Biblical Philology (1590-1670) Bibliography

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Book SynopsisSir William Jones (1746-94) was the foremost Orientalist of his generation and one of the greatest intellectual navigators of all time. He re-drew the map of European thought. ''Orientalist'' Jones was an extraordinary man and an intensely colourful figure. At the age of twenty-six, Jones was elected to Dr Johnson''s Literary Club, on terms of intimacy with the metropolitan luminaries of the day. The names of his friends in Britain and India present a roll-call of late eighteenth-century glitterati: Samuel Johnson and James Boswell, Sir Joshua Reynolds, Benjamin Franklin, Joseph Priestley, Edmund Burke, Warren Hastings, Johannes Zoffany, Edward Gibbon, Oliver Goldsmith, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, Charles James Fox, William Pitt, and David Garrick. In Bengal his Sanskrit researches marked the beginning of Indo-European comparative grammar, and modern comparative-historical linguistics, of Indology, and the disciplines of comparative literature, philology, mythology, and law. He did moreTrade ReviewAll in all, this is an excellent biography of an extraordinary eighteenth-century intellectual ... the author has succeeded in giving a very lively portrait of a man with a fascinating personality, and the book offers the right balance between detailed and accurate factual information, a sensitive psychological interpretation of William Jones the man, and a clear exposition of the importance of his contribution to linguistics and Orientalism. * Pierre Dubois, Graat *... intelligent and stimulating ... This is a splendid book - in the richness of its research and the depth of its empathy, in the subtle delineation of William Jones's character and the diligent unravelling of a multi-faceted subject. * David Arnold, Times Literary Supplement *Michael Franklin has written the definitive biography of this most polymathic of men, moving with ease between the many facets of his remarkable mind. * James Mather, The Spectator *[A] readable and thorough biography...of one of the greatest polymaths in history * Andrew Robinson, The Independent *Michael Franklin has absorbed a lot of the gravitas and scholarly attention to detail of his chosen subject. * Robert Irwin, Literary Review *well worth reading * John Brockington, Translation and Literature *dynamic and definitive biography ... Franklin's portrait of Jones as a radical, republican mediator of hitherto disparate cultures is long overdue * Kurt A. Johnson, The Review of English Studies *Franklin's new biography of Jones goes much further than previous biographies ... in relating his career and his intellectual ambitions to the social and political circumstances of his time. [It] brings out many new biographical and critical insights into Jones's work and career * William Crawley, Asian Affairs *[an] admirable and engrossing biography. * The India Site *Michael Franklin has written an engaging, sympathetic, and definitive new scholarly biography of the first great British orientalist, Sir William Jones ... an impressive achievement * Peter J. Kitson, Wordsworth Circle *Table of ContentsPreface ; 1. Claiming Kin in Calcutta: Jones discovers the Indo-European family of languages ; 2. Persian Jones, London Welshman, surveys his roots ; 3. Druid Jones on the Carmarthen Circuit: Radicalization and Recreation on the Celtic Fringe ; 4. Impressive Patrons and Impressing Mariners ; 5. Republican Jones and the Poetry of Politics: Fragments of Liberty ; 6. Knowing India: Asiatic Researches/Recreations ; 7. Europe Falls in Love with Sakuntala ; 8. Life and Death in Calcutta: A Courtroom View of the Ethics of Empire ; 9. 'Indo-Persian' Jones and Indian Pluralism ; Select Bibliography ; Index

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Book SynopsisThousands of years ago, seafront clans in Denmark began speaking the earliest form of Germanic language - the first of six signal events that Ruth Sanders highlights in this marvelous history of the German language. Blending linguistic, anthropological, and historical research, Sanders presents a brilliant biography of the language as it evolved across the millennia. She sheds light on the influence of such events as the bloody three-day Battle of Kalkriese, which permanently halted the incursion of both the Romans and the Latin language into northern Europe, and the publication of Martin Luther''s German Bible translation, a People''s Bible which in effect forged from a dozen spoken dialects a single German language. The narrative ranges through the turbulent Middle Ages, the spread of the printing press, the formation of the nineteenth-century German Empire which united the German-speaking territories north of the Alps, and Germany''s twentieth-century military and cultural horrors. Trade ReviewAn approachable overview of the evolution of the German language and a history of its speakers. * eLanguage *Ruth Sanders has written a biography of the German language and its speakers for the generalist and the specialist. She punctuates the broad sweep of historical recollections with vivid vignettes of daily life, and she supplements insights culled from traditional linguistic and historical research with the latest findings of genetic and archaeological studies. Ancient cultures come tantalizingly close in this engaging narrative. * Katherine R. Goodman, Brown University *An ingenious telling of just how German emerged from the primordial Germanic soup, and how many other ways it could have been. * The Economist *For any scholar of linguistics, this book offers rich material. * Organiser, New Delhi *Specialists and the intellectually curious will find here a wealth of information; the book has a very widespread appeal...An excellent bibliography and plentiful unobtrusive footnotes make this a fine reference work. This is an exhilarating and enlightening read. * Catholic Library World *Table of ContentsPreface ; Introduction: What this book covers ; Chapter One: Germanic Beginnings: Early Ancestors in Denmark ; Timeline : From the earliest settlements in northern Europe to the beginning of the Christian era ; Sidebars: ; 1. Indo-European: Protolanguage and culture ; 2. The First Sound Shift ; 3. Language contact and language change: The case of Finland ; Chapter Two: The Germanic Languages Survive the Romans: The Battle of Kalkriese ; Timeline: From the beginning of the Christian era to the end of the Western Roman Empire and the beginning of the Middle ges ; Sidebars: ; 1. The Germanic tribes ; 2. The Goths and the Gothic language ; 3. The Celts ; Chapter Three: A Fork in the Road: Germanic languages separate into Low and High ; Timeline: From the beginning of the Middle Ages to the Protestant Reformation ; Sidebars: ; 1. The Second Sound Shift ; 2. The Vikings: Raiders, traders, and neighbors ; 3. The Germanen go to England: The Anglo-Saxons and the English language ; 4. Yiddish: The creation of a new Germanic language ; Chapter Four: A perfect storm, and the birth of Standard German ; Timeline: From the beginning of the Reformation to the beginning of the First Industrial Revolution ; Sidebars: ; 1. The Thirty Years' War ; 2. The Reformation ; 3. The history of European printing ; Chapter Five: The German language gets a state ; Timeline: From the Unification of Germany to the beginning of World War I ; Sidebars: ; 1. The revolution of 1848 ; Chapter Six: Postwar Comeback Times Two: German Begins to Recover after a Fall from grace ; Timeline: From the end of World War I to the present ; Sidebars: ; 1. Spelling Reforms ; 2. Early Germanic language in a deep freeze: The case of Icelandic ; Bibliography

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Book SynopsisCarole Hough is Professor of Onomastics at the University of Glasgow, UK. She has published extensively on Old English and related subjects, and is Vice-President of the International Society of Anglo-Saxonists. John Corbett is Professor of English at the University of Macau. He has written widely on English and Scottish language and literature, and is Vice-President of the Association for Scottish Literary Studies.Trade Review"I wish I'd had Hough and Corbett's Beginning Old English as a first-year undergraduate myself." - Rachel Wicaksono, Times Higher Education Textbook Guide "This accessible and comprehensive book is certain to become a staple of Old English teaching for years to come." - Francis Leneghan, University of Oxford, UK "This book is a wonderful introduction to the story of Old English, together with its culture, history and influence. The lucid and friendly explanations of how Old English works are helpfully exemplified by illustrations and many texts along the way, so that the reader gains a real understanding of the richness of the corpus and the pleasure to be had in learning about the Anglo-Saxons' language and literature." - Elaine Treharne, Stanford University, USATable of ContentsList of Illustrations Acknowledgements Preface PART I Origins Recognising Old English Words People and Things Place, Time, Manner and Reason Actions and Events Introducing Old English Poetry Translating Old English Poetry: Beowulf Introducing Old English Prose PART II Introduction Text A: Cynewulf and Cyneheard Text B: Beowulf, lines 710-836 Text C: The Battle of Maldon Text D: The Dream of the Rood Text E: The Ruin Text F: Ælfric's Life of St Æthelthryth Concluding Remarks Glossary of Technical Terms Appendix: Old English Paradigms Further Reading Index.

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Book Synopsis

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