Environmental science, engineering and technology Books

Book Synopsis'Here's a work arriving just at the right moment and contributingnew insights at precisely the time when public opinion remains sceptical of the not very promising future we are preparing for our children, when governments balk at explaining to their electorates the vital but unpopular decisions that have to be taken and when civil society, with few ways and means, is finally becoming involved. This remarkable work will help all actors to understand the inter-linkages between economic activities and the environment in the Mediterranean Basin and take concerted, effective action to build a positive, sustainable future' Mohamed Ennabli, former Minister of the Environment and Land Use Panning, Tunisia 'The Blue Plan has carried out a remarkable assessment of the serious environmental probems and insufficiently targeted cooperation in the Mediterranean, and also of new financing systems to be implemented, which would increase the capacities of local authorities and economic and social partners' Georges Corm, former Minister of Finance, Lebanon The Mediterranean Basin and its surrounding countries is a microcosm of the environmental and sustainability challenges facing people across the world. Depending on the development path it takes in the future, the region can either become a positive model for the regional regulation of globalization, or, more onerously, it might reinforce global instability. This unique volume is the definitive, authoritative assessment of the environment and development of the Mediterranean Basin and its 22 countries and territories, spanning five decades from 30 years in the past to 20 years into the future. Produced by the Blue Plan within the framework of UNEP/Mediterranean Action Plan and backed by the EU and national governments, it brings together the work of more than 100 researchers from dozens of national, regional and local governments and research groups into the only comprehensive insight into sustainable development issues in the region. Core coverage includes water, energy, transport, cities, rural and coastal areas, as well as related issues such as climate change, population growth, geopolitical changes, unemployment and poverty, pollution, economic and environmental policies, regional cooperation and the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership. Information is clearly presented through hundreds of full-colour maps, graphs, tables and a wealth of case studies. This is a must-have reference for all levels of government, NGOs and libraries, as well as practitioners, academics and businesses involved in economics, natural resource management, land and maritime transport, water, energy, infrastructure, urban and rural development, agriculture, fishing and aquaculture, tourism and coastal management. Countries and territories covered: Spain, France, Italy, Monaco, Malta, Cyprus, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbia and Montenegro, Albania, Greece, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Palestinian Territories, Israel, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco. Preface by Lucien Chabason, Chairman of the Blue Plan.Trade Review' impressive..a beautiful book...a 'must have reference' for all levels of government, NGOs, practitioners, academics and business people involved in the sustainable development of the Mediterranean area.' Luc Hens, Environment and Pollution, 2010.Table of ContentsPreface * Introduction * Part I: The Mediterranean and its Development Dynamics * The Mediterranean Region: A Unique But Neglected Heritage * Determining Factors of the Mediterranean Future * Part II: Six Sustainability Issues * Water * Energy * Transport * Urban Areas * Rural Areas * Coastal Areas * Part III: Summary and Call for Action * Index

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Book SynopsisDeforestation is frequently a topic of discussion in the environmental arena, but it is not just the number of trees that matters; the quality of the forest is also important. Even where the forest area is stable or increasing, there are often rapid changes in its character. Natural forests are being replaced by plantations or by intensively managed forests. Around the world, forests are becoming younger and less diverse, in both species and structure; this has important impacts for biodiversity and also affects many human values. In this groundbreaking text, forest quality is discussed as a useful new concept in forest conservation and management. Three main assessment criteria are used: authenticity; environmental benefits; and social and economic benefits. The book describes a methodology and protocol for collecting and analysing data, and outlines in detail the approach required with each indicator. The authors advocate a landscape approach to assessment and demonstrate how assessment works through a series of case studies that show how this approach can be used in many ways to help forest conservation management. This hands-on manual is for professionals involved in forestry, conservation and resource management worldwide, and contains case study material from Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America that demonstrates practical uses of the new 'landscape' approach to forest conservation. Published with IUCN and WWFTable of ContentsPart 1: Measuring Forest Quality * What is Forest Quality? * Why Assess Forest Quality at a Landscape Scale? * Who Should Assess Forest Quality? * How to Assess Forest Quality at a Landscape Scale * Part 2: Criteria of Forest Quality * Forest Authenticity and Prioritizing Conservation * Environmental Benefits of Forest Quality * Social and Economic Benefits of Forest Quality * Part 3: Case Studies * Part 4: Appendices - Broader Issues and Sources of Information * References * Index

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Book SynopsisInternational trade rules have significant impacts on environmental law and policy, at the domestic, regional and global levels. At the World Trade Organization (WTO), dispute settlement tribunals are increasingly called to decide on environment- and health-related questions. Can governments treat products differently based on environmental considerations? Can they block the import of highly carcinogenic asbestos-containing products or genetically modified crops? Does the WTO allow governments to protect dolphins or endangered sea turtles through the use of import restrictions on certain products? How can civil society participate in WTO dispute settlement? This Guide, authored by five world leaders on international environmental and trade law at the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL), is an accessible, comprehensive, one-of-a-kind compendium of environment and trade jurisprudence under the WTO. Providing an overview for both experts and non-experts of the major themes relevant to environment and trade, it also analyses how WTO tribunals have approached these themes in concrete disputes and provides selected excerpts of the most significant cases.Table of ContentsIntroduction * Part I: Like Products * Background * Discussion of relevant WTO provisions * Selected literature * Selected jurisprudence relating to 'like products' under GATT Articles I and III * Part II: General Exceptions Clauses * Discussion of relevant WTO provisions * Selected literature * Part III: The Necessity Requirement * Discussion of Relevant WTO Provisions * Selected issues relating to the necessity requirement * Part IV: Processes and Production Methods * Eco-labelling * Discussion of relevant WTO provisions * Part V: Extraterritoriality * Discussion of relevant WTO provisions * Selected literature * Part VI: The Role of Science and the Precautionary Principle * Discussion of relevant WTO * Selected issues relating to the role of science and the Precautionary Principle * Part VII: The Relationship Between the TRIPS Agreement and the CBD * Discussion of relevant provisions * State of play at the WTO and CBD * Part VIII: Participation in WTO Dispute Settlement: The Case of Amicus Briefs * Discussion of relevant WTO provisions * Authority of panels and the Appellate Body to accept and consider legal and/or factual information * Application of discretionary power * Selected jurisprudence relating to amicus briefs *

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Book SynopsisHalf of the world's people live in urban areas, and roughly a third of these live in desperate poverty without access to basic amenities. Taking on the themes of UN-HABITAT's Water and Sanitation in the World's Cities (2003), this new volume focuses on the deficiencies in the provision of water and sanitation where most of the populations of the developing world live: in towns and small cities. Drawing on extensive unpublished research and 15 commissioned papers from experts involved in designing and implementing innovative projects around the world, this is the first major study of the problems facing the smaller urban centres that are recognized to be of enormous importance by governments, international agencies, NGOs and service providers. Tackling these problems is a crucial part of development and of good governance, and critical to meeting the Millennium Development Goals. The volume will be essential reading for all professionals and researchers in the relevant fields and a valuable resource for teachers and students of urban development.Trade Review'I trust that this publication will help to bring a renewed awareness on the needs of small urban centres and their role in achieving the Millennium Development Goals.' Anna Kajumulo Tibaijuka, Under-Secretary-General, United Nations, and Executive Director, UN-HABITAT 'A young girl's dream in urban slums or rural areas is to marry into a household with a latrine.' A young mother from an Indian Slum, heard at the Unheard Voices of Women event at the 12th Session of the Commission on Sustainable Development, New York 'Lack of access to water for meeting basic needs such as health, hygiene and food security undermines development and inflicts enormous hardship on more than a billion members of the human family.' Kofi Annan, Secretary General, United NationsTable of ContentsPart I Meeting Water and Sanitation Needs in Small Urban Centres * Part II Small Urban Centres and Large Villages: The Habitat of Much of the World's Low-Income Population? * Part III Deficiencies in Provision for Water and Sanitation in Small Urban Centres * Part IV Addressing Needs: How to Attain the MDG Targets in Each Locality * Part V Information for Action and Indicators for Monitoring Provision * Part VI Key Challenges to Meeting Needs in Small Urban Centres * Part VII Finance for Water and Sanitation in Small Urban Centres * Part VIII Integrated Water Resources Management and the Provision of Water Supply and Sanitation in Small Urban Centres * Part IX The Needed Pro-Poor Governance Framework in Small Urban Centres

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Book SynopsisWhat does it mean to be part of the mass known as 'The Poor'? What visions are conjured up in our minds when someone is labelled 'Muslim'? What assumptions do we make about their needs, values and politics? How do we react individually and as a society? Who develops the labels, what power do they carry and how do such labels affect how people are treated? This timely book tackles the critical and controversial issue of how people are labelled and categorized, and how their problems are framed and dealt with. Drawing on vast international experience and current theory, the authors examine how labels are constituted and applied by a variety of actors, including development policy makers, practitioners and researchers. The book exposes the intense and complex politics involved in processes of labelling, and highlights how the outcomes of labelling can undermine stated development goals. Importantly, one of the book's principal objectives is to suggest how policy makers and professionals can tackle negative forms of labelling and encourage processes of 'counter-labelling', to enhance poverty reduction and human rights, and to tackle issues of race relations and global security. The Afterword encapsulates these ideas ands provides a good basis for reflection, further debate and action.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Labelling, Power and Accountability: How and Why �Our� Categories Matter * Labels, Welfare Regimes and Intermediation: Contesting Formal Power * Labelling People for Aid * The Politics of Representing �the Poor� * Disjunctures in Labelling Refugees and Oustees * When Labels Stigmatize: Encounters with �Street Children� and �Restavecs� in Haiti * Poverty as a Spectator Sport * �Muslim Women� and �Moderate Muslims�: British Policy and the Strengthening of Religious Absolutist Control over Gender Development * Black Umbrellas: Labelling and Articulating Development in the Indonesian Mass Media * Labelling �Works�: The Language and Politics of Caste and Tribe in India * Exploring the Intersection of Racial Labels, Rainbow Citizenship and Citizens� Rights in Post-Apartheid South Africa * Afterword: Changing Practice * Index

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Book SynopsisThe thought-provoking articles in Conservation can assist in catalyzing the transition to a new green economy by shaping the mind-sets of leaders, students, teachers and the public alike.' Achim Steiner, UN Under-Secretary General and Executive Director, UN Environment Programme (UNEP) 'An extremely useful compilation of articles on the complex issues underlying nature conservation.' Ashish Kothari, Co-chair, IUCN Intercommission Strategic Direction on Governance, Equity, and Livelihoods in Relation to Protected Areas (TILCEPA) 'In this intelligently chosen, broadly ranging set of readings on conservation, Professor Adams assembles a set of vital readings for professionals, teachers, students, and the interested public.' Kent Redford, Director, Wildlife Conservation Society Institute This 4-volume set, edited by a leading expert on nature conservation, brings together in one collection a series of papers fundamental to understanding the social, political, cultural and scientific dimensions of conservation. Each volume is introduced by a new review essay, which both sets the scope for the collection and advances analytical understanding of conservation issues. Volume I covers the historical development of conservation ideas and reviews the diverse contemporary philosophical, ethical, cultural and practical arguments for conservation. Volume II addresses the core issue of conservation: the maintenance of living diversity in the face of human demands on the biosphere. The intention here is not to offer a sourcebook of conservation science, but to include the key texts that have changed the way conservation is understood and practised. Volume III explores the overlaps and conflicts between conservation and development, andwin-win solutions to conflicts between the two, including ideas of sustainable development. Volume IV presents work on conservation as an essentially political process, drawing chiefly on social science and, in particular, political ecology and environmental history.Table of ContentsVolume I: The Idea of Conservation Editorial Introduction to Volume I Part I: Western Ideas of Nature 1. Creating a Second Nature 2. The Origins of Environmentalism 3. Walking 4. The Hetch Hetchy Valley 5. A Fable for Tomorrow and the Obligation to Endure Part II: Indigenous Ideas of Nature and Conservation 6. Animals 7. Traditional Knowledge Systems in Practice Part III: The Misuse of Nature 8. Destructiveness of Man and Human and Brute Action Compared 9. Principles of Conservation 10. The Former Abundance of Wildlife 11. The Round River Part IV: Philosophies of Conservation 12. Ideas of Nature 13. The Cultural Approach to Conservation Biology 14. The Conservation Ethic 15. Definitions, Values and Philosophies Part V: Wilderness and Countryside 16. Thinking Like a Mountain 17. The Trouble with Wilderness; or Getting Back to the Wrong Nature 18. The Making of an Ideal Part VI: Protecting Nature 19. Perspectives 20. The Carbon Connection Index Volume II: The Conservation of Diversity Editorial Introduction to Volume II Part I: Biodiversity and Biodiversity Loss 1. The Vulnerable Earth: Toward a Planetary History 2. Biodiversity Threatened 3. Human domination of Earth's ecosystems Part II: Understanding Change in Nature 4. Anecdotes and the Shifting Baseline Syndrome of Fisheries 5. What is Natural? The Need for a Long-term Perspective in Biodiversity Conservation 6. False Forest History, Complicit Social Analysis: Rethinking Some West African Environmental Narratives Part III: Ecology and Conservation 7. The Use and Abuse of Vegetational Concepts and Terms 8. Resilience and Stability of Ecological Systems 9. Pyromancy: Reading Stories in the Flames Part IV: Conservation Planning 10. Biodiversity Hotspots for Conservation Priorities 11. The Global 200: A Representation Approach to Conserving the Earth's Most Biologically Valuable Ecoregions 12. Mapping the Conservation Landscape 13. Systematic Conservation Planning Part V: Managing Species and Spaces 14. Command and Control and the Pathology of Natural Resource Management 15. Directions in Conservation Biology 16. The Island Dilemma: Lessons of Modern Biogeographic Studies for the Design of Natural Reserves 17. A Regional Landscape Approach to Maintain Diversity 18. Effectiveness of Parks in Protecting Tropical Biodiversity Part VI: Conservation Management and Restoration 19. Biological Invasions: Winning the Science Battles but Losing the Conservation War? 20. Restoration Ecology: Repairing the Earth's Ecosystems in the New Millennium Index Volume III: Conservation and Development Editorial Introduction to Volume III Part I: Conservation and Sustainable Development 1. The Land Ethic 2. Towards Sustainable Development 3. Conservation of Biodiversity in a World of Use 4. Biodiversity Conservation and the Eradication of Poverty Part II: Sustainability and Wild Harvests 5. Fishing Down Marine Food Webs 6. Having Your Wildlife and Eating It Too: An Analysis of Hunting Sustainability Across Tropical Ecosystems 7. Requiem for the Grand Banks Part III: Institutions and Environmental Management 8. The Struggle to Govern the Commons 9. Human Ecology and Resource Sustainability: The Importance of Institutional Diversity 10. People, Livelihoods and Collective Action in Biodiversity Management Part IV: Economics and Conservation 11. The Value of Nature and the Nature of Value 12. Who Should Pay for Tropical Conservation, and How Could the Costs Be Met? 13. Direct Payments to Conserve Biodiversity Part V: Community and Conservation 14. If Community Conservation is the Answer, What is the Question? 15. Enchantment and Disenchantment: The Role of Community in Natural Resource Conservation 16. The Background to Community-based Conservation 17. Planning for People and Parks: Design Dilemmas 18. The Future of Integrated Conservation and Development Projects: Building on What Works 19. Sustainable Use and Incentive-driven Conservation: Realigning Human and Conservation Interests Index Volume IV: The Politics of Conservation Editorial Introduction to Volume IV Part I: The State, Conservation and Protected Areas 1. Nature and Space 2. Nature-State-Territory: Towards a Critical Theorization of Conservation Enclosures 3. The Environmental Challenge to the Nation-State: Superparks and National Parks Policy in Zimbabwe 4. Coercing Conservation? The Politics of State Resource Control Part II: Science, Knowledge and the Politics of Conservation 5. Deliberative Democracy and Participatory Biodiversity 6. Environmentality: Community, Intimate Government, and the Making of Environmental Subjects in Kumaon, India 7. Non-governmental Organizations and Governmentality: 'Consuming' Biodiversity and Indigenous People in the Philippines 8. Green Dots, Pink Hearts: Displacing Politics from the Malaysian Rainforest 9. The Shifting Middle Ground: Amazonian Indians and Eco-politics 10.The 'Wild', the Market and the Native: Indigenous People Face New Forms of Global Colonization 11. Radical American Environmentalism and Wilderness Preservation: A Third World Critique Part III: The Social Impacts of Protected Areas 12. Salvaging Nature: Indigenous Peoples and Protected Areas 13. Farewell Song 14. Displacement and Relocation from Protected Areas: Towards a Biological and Historical Synthesis 15. The Winding Road: Incorporating Social Justice and Human Rights into Protected Areas Policies 16. Political Incentives for Biodiversity Conservation Part IV: Conservation Futures 17. Love it Or Lose it: The Coming Biophilia Revolution 18. Nature Matrix: Reconnecting People and Nature 19. Society With Nature 20. Optimism and Hope in a Hotter Time Index

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Book SynopsisThis topic is central to contemporary concerns for more sustainable agricultural development. This is a well-written and clear book, with excellent data, tables and illustrations, addressing issues of water use, climate change, poverty and small farmers. The authors are highly respected and complement each other's acknowledged international expertise.' Professor Jules Pretty, University of Essex, UK 'This useful guide shows that there is great potential for increasing the productive capacity of smallholder farms in the drylands via a range of water management techniques, from the simple to the more complex. Providing a theoretical grounding and a practical guide, Water and cereals in the drylands will appeal to workers on-location as well as students, researchers and policymakers.' New Agriculturalist Cereals are by far the most important source of food throughout the world, either directly for human consumption or indirectly in the form of animal feed for livestock products consumed as food. With world population set to rise to nine billion by 2050, there is an urgent need to examine ways to increase cereal production. Indeed recently the future of cereal production and consumption has been complicated by rising energy prices and the economics of biofuels, which are competing for the use of cereals. One way to increase cereal production is by the more effective use of marginal dryland areas. This book reviews the potential for increased cereal production in drylands across the world, from the USA, Australia and Southern Europe to Asia and Africa. It describes how improved water conservation, water harvesting and investment options can contribute to this, and suggests policies for the more efficient use of existing natural resources in order to lessen the dependence of agriculture on further irrigation development.Trade Review'Would be well used to inform the discussion in scientific papers.' Blair M. McKenzie, Cambridge University Press, 2009. '[The book] describes how improved water conservation, water harvesting and investment options can contribute to ths, and suggests policies for the more efficient use of existing natural resources in order to lessen the dependence of agriculture on futher irrigation development.' Biotechnology, Agronomy Society and Environment, 2009.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements Preface Introduction 1: Drylands, People and Land Use 2: Cereal Production in Drylands 3: Enhancing Cereal Production in Drylands 4: Social and Economic Aspects of Dryland Investment 5: Wider Issues of Water in Drylands Conclusions Bibliography Annexes Index

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Book SynopsisWinner of the Choice Outstanding Academic Titles of 2010 award. This book is a comprehensive and accessible guide to understanding the opportunities offered by regulated and voluntary carbon markets for tackling climate change. Coverage includes: - An overview of the problem of climate change, with a concise review of the most recent scientific evidence in different fields - A highly accessible introduction to the economic theory and different constitutive elements of a carbon allowances market - Explanation of the Kyoto Protocol and its flexibility mechanisms - Explanation of how the EU Emissions Trading Scheme works in practice - Ongoing developments in regulated carbon markets in the US - Up-to-the-minute coverage of regulated carbon markets in Australia - Developments in New Zealand and Japan - Carbon offsetting and voluntary carbon markets. Combining theoretical aspects with practical applications, this book is for business leaders, financiers, carbon traders, lawyers, bankers, researchers, policy makers and anyone interested in market mechanisms to mitigate climate change. The carbon emissions resulting from the production of this book have been calculated, reduced and offset to render the bookcarbon neutral. Published with CO2 NeutralTrade Review'Carbon markets are key to fighting climate change cost-effectively. This guide is timely as more and more countries follow Europe's lead in developing cap and trade systems. Linked together, these will establish a global carbon market over the coming years.' Stavros Dimas, European Commissioner for the Environment 'This book provides valuable insights into carbon markets, an important determinant of measures to mitigate emissions of greenhouse gases.' R.K. Pachauri, Chairman, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 'The creation of political will require strong and powerful arguments. That is the responsibility of us all and an important contribution of this book.' From the Foreword by Nicholas Stern 'Get this book, round up an accomplished professor, and spend a full semester together dissecting the contents. You are likely to emerge as a greenhouse gas emissions trading expert. ...[The authors] do not miss a beat.' Crosslands Bulletin 'This well-written volume provides excellent background on the evolving area of carbon markets...Few publications address the relatively new issue of worldwide carbon markets so thoroughly' S. Dutta, Choice. 'Thought-provoking and convincing ... Highly recommended.' S. Dutta, Choice. 'This book strikes me as the first genuinely comprehensive - i.e. this is the only one you need - book on the subject.' Dan Lewis, research director with the Economic Research Council, in E&T Magazine 'After having rea through Brohe et al., any reader 'with no prior experience' will have a good overview of climate policies of the early 2000s' Axel Michaelowa, Climate Policy ' I find it interesting that it is possible to create an entirely new market for a specific social purpose, whereas we are used to being told that 'the market' is a forece beyond political control.' Kristian Ravnkilde, WEM.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements Foreword by Sir Nicholas Stern List of Acronyms and Abbreviations Introduction 1 Climate Change 2 Emissions Trading: A New Tool for Environmental Management 3 The Kyoto Protocol 4 The EU Emissions Trading Scheme 5 US Carbon Markets 6 Emissions Trading in Australia 7 Other Emerging Mandatory Schemes 8 Voluntary Offsetting Market 9 Conclusion: Carbon Markets in the Age of Uncertainty Index

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Book SynopsisIn most developing countries wastewater treatment systems are hardly functioning or have a very low coverage, resulting in large scale water pollution and the use of very poor quality water for crop irrigation especially in the vicinity of urban centres. This can create significant risks to public health, particularly where crops are eaten raw. Wastewater Irrigation and Health approaches this serious problem from a practical and realistic perspective, addressing the issues of health risk assessment and reduction in developing country settings. The book therefore complements other books on the topic of wastewater which focus on high-end treatment options and the use of treated wastewater. This book moves the debate forward by covering also the common reality of untreated wastewater, greywater and excreta use. It presents the state-of-the-art on quantitative risk assessment and low-cost options for health risk reduction, from treatment to on-farm and off-farm measures, in support of the multiple barrier approach of the 2006 guidelines for safe wastewater irrigation published by the World Health Organization. The 38 authors and co-authors are international key experts in the field of wastewater irrigation representing a mix of agronomists, engineers, social scientists and public health experts from Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and Australia. The chapters highlight experiences across the developing world with reference to various case studies from sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, Mexico and the Middle East. The book also addresses options for resource recovery and wastewater governance, thus clearly establishes a connection between agriculture, health and sanitation, which is often the missing link in the current discussion on 'making wastewater an asset'.Trade ReviewThis book represents the best, modern innovative thinking on the topic and symbolizes an important turning point in the history of wastewater reuse in irrigation as a major contributor to water and nutrient conservation, public health and welfare.' Professor Hillel Shuval, Hadassah Academic College and Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel 'This is a tremendously useful book with its clear focus on developing countries where wastewater treatment does not work. It is also a great resource for students.' Sasha Koo-Oshima, FAO This book is likely to be of interest to decision makers, consultants and researchers who are looking for practical tools to improve the selection of wastewater management strategies particularly in countries of the global south, and where water scarcity is critical. The lively and informative style makes it an accessible and easy read...definitely a worthwhile investment.' Barbara Evans, Waterlines 'The volume is successful in moving the state of knowledge beyond these basic perceptions and documenting methods for safe wastewater irrigation.' International Journal of Water Resources Development 'This book provides great insights into appropriate solution development for anyone interested in closed loop or cradle-to-cradle design and presents an approach for how to apply these concepts to a complex and culturally sensitive topic.' Ecosystem MarketplaceTable of ContentsPreface Foreword List of Acronyms and Abbreviations Part I: Setting the Stage 1: Wastewater, Sludge and Excreta Use in Developing Countries: An Overview 2: Assessing and Mitigating Wastewater Related Health Risks in Low-Income Countries: An Introduction Part II: Risks and Risk Assessment 3: Risk Analysis and Epidemiology: The 2006 WHO Guidelines for the Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture 4: Approaches to Evaluate and Develop Health Risk-Based Standards Using Available Data 5: Tools for Risk Analysis: Updating the 2006 WHO Guidelines 6: Non-Pathogenic Tradeoffs of Wastewater Irrigation 7: Risk Analysis Integrating Livelihood and Economic Impacts of Wastewater Irrigation on Health Part III: Minimizing Health Risks 8: Wastewater Treatment for Pathogen Removal and Nutrient Conservation: Suitable Systems for Use in Developing Countries 9: Low-Cost Options for Pathogen Reduction and Nutrient Recovery from Faecal Sludge 10: Farm-Based Measures for Reducing Microbiological Health Risks for Consumers from Informal Wastewater-Irrigated Agriculture 11: Farm-Based Measures for Reducing Human and Environmental Health Risks from Chemical Constituents in Wastewater 12: Applying the Multiple-Barrier Approach for Microbial Risk Reduction in the Post-Harvest Sector of Wastewater Irrigated Vegetables 13: Cost Effectiveness Analysis of Interventions for Diarrhoea Disease Reduction among Consumers of Wastewater-Irrigated Lettuce in Ghana Part IV: Wastewater Governance and Adoption of Risk Reduction Options 14: Challenging Conventional Approaches to Wastewater Use in Agriculture 15: Designing Reuse-Oriented Sanitation Infrastructure: The Design for Service Planning Approach 16: Facilitating the Adoption of Food Safety Interventions in the Street Food Sector and on Farm 17: Harnessing Farmers' Knowledge and Perceptions for Health Risk Reduction in Wastewater Irrigated Agriculture 18: Multi-Stakeholder Processes for Managing Wastewater Use in Agriculture Part V: Conclusions and Outlook 19: Wastewater Irrigation and Health: Challenges and Outlook for Mitigating Risks in Low-Income Countries

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Book SynopsisIn the last decade biodiversity loss and persistent poverty in developing countries have been recognised as major international problems that require urgent attention. However, the nature and scale of the links between these two problems, and between efforts to address them, has been the subject of much heated debate. Understanding the different elements of this debate is critical if we are to move towards constructive solutions. This Reader provides a guide to, and commentary on, the different strands of the current conservation-poverty debate through a selection of key readings from both the conservation and development literature including policy documents, journal articles and reports. The breadth of material will help readers, including both students and professionals, to locate current debates within their wider contexts. Among the areas of debate covered are: ' The lack of attention to biodiversity concerns in international development policy ' The social implications of protectionist conservation policy ' The roles and responsibilities of conservation NGOs towards local communities ' The links between climate change, biodiversity and poverty reduction, and in particular the implication of discussions around reduced emissions from deforestation (REDD) as a climate change mitigation strategy.Trade Review'We are at the threshold of an exciting but fraught new paradigm that compels conservation NGOs to shift from the notion that nature must be protected from people, to embracing the realization that natural systems must be conserved for people. This timely and important book is a must read for all who are ready to explore and examine the challenging new frontier that links conservation with human well-being.' – Steve McCormick, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, USA 'Biodiversity provides essential goods and services that people everywhere - above all poor people -- depend on. And it helps people cope with change and manage risk. Yet too often development erodes biodiversity, and too often conservation has been promoted without engaging poor people and without caring for their needs and rights. This book provides a valuable toolkit that will assist all those seeking to eradicate poverty, conserve biodiversity, and manage the trade-offs between these fundamental goals.' – David Cooper, Secretariat, Convention on Biological Diversity 'This book provides a stark reminder that one group's biosphere is another group's backyard. The rich biodiversity of our forests, coasts, and grasslands stands in contrast with the poverty of the people living there. The plants, people, and animals in these landscapes are inextricably connected. In this outstanding reader leading experts describe and debate those connections. No easy answers here, but who said life was simple. This is definitely worth the read.' – David Kaimowitz, Ford Foundation 'The collection of writings thoroughly explains the complex relationships between conservation and poverty reduction. It is possible to imagine motivated and careful readers to become well enough informed after finishing this book to work in the field or want to.' – Crosslands: Bulletin on Business, Law and the Environment 'The editors have drawn together a galaxy of authors who bring expertise on all aspects of biodiversity loss, conservation, poverty and its alleviation. In fact the book may be regarded as a manual on these two subjects with a wealth of references, experiences and perspectives.' – Professor John Hodges, AGRI 'The breadth of material will help readers, including students and professionals, to locate current debates within their wider contexts.' – Abstracts of Public Administration, Development, and Environment. "The editors (Dilys Roe and Joanna Elliot) have carefully structured the Reader to cover a range of important issues and provide a clear and helpful commentary on the individual articles ... Many of the articles are thought provoking and likely to stimulate renewed discussion on the difficult questions that confront those interested in the topic" – Toby Hodgkin, Experimental AgricultureTable of Contents1. Biodiversity Conservation and Poverty Reduction: An Introduction to the Debate Part I: Linking Biodiversity Conservation and Poverty Reduction - Where, How and Why? Editors' Introduction 2. Biodiversity Conservation and the Eradication of Poverty 3.Linking Conservation and Poverty Reduction: Landscapes, People and Power 4. Poverty, Development and Biodiversity Conservation: Shooting in the Dark? 5. Livelihoods, Forests and Conservation in Developing Countries: An Overview Part II: Conservation's Place in International Development Editors' Introduction 6. Integrating the Rio Conventions into Development Co-operation 7. Wildlife and Poverty Study 8. Striking a Balance: Ensuring Conservation's Place on the International Biodiversity Assistance Agenda 9. Report of the Ad Hoc Open-ended Working Group of Review of Implementation of the Convention 10. Contested Relationships between Biodiversity Conservation and Poverty Alleviation 11. Poverty and Conservation: The New Century's 'Peasant Question?' 12. Making Poverty Reduction Irreversible: Development Implications of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Part III: Conservation Policy and Protectionism Editors' Introduction 13. Protected Areas and Poverty - The Linkages and How to Address Them 14. Conservation Policy and Indigenous Peoples 15. The Role of Protected Areas in Conserving Biodiversity and Sustaining Local Livelihoods. 16. Eviction for Conservation: A Global Overview 17. Political Ecology and the Costs and Benefits of Protected Areas 18. A Property Rights Approach to Understanding Human Displacement from Protected Areas: The Case of Marine Protected Areas Part IV: Conservation NGOs and Poor People Editors' Introduction 19. Two Agendas on Amazon Development 20. International Conservation Organisations and the Fate of Local Tropical Forest Conservation Initiatives 21. A Challenge to Conservationists 22. Conservation, Development and Poverty Alleviation: Time for a Change in Attitudes 23. Conserving What and for Whom? Why Conservation Should Help Meet Basic Needs in the Tropics 24. Disentangling the Links between Conservation and Poverty Reduction in Practice Part V: New Developments: Ecosystem Services, Carbon and Climate Change Editors' Introduction 25. Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Current State and Trends 26. Selling Out on Nature (and letters in response) 27. Payments for Environmental Services and the Poor: Concepts and Preliminary Evidence 28. Climate, Carbon, Conservation and Communities 29. Protecting the Future: Carbon, Forests, Protected Areas and Local Livelihoods 30. Seeing REDD? Forests, Climate Change Mitigation the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities Part VI: Moving Beyond the Debate - The Need for Conservation-poverty Partnerships Editors' Introduction 31. Partnerships for Conservation and Poverty Reduction 32. Common Ground between Anthropology and Conservation Biology 33. Thinking Like a Human: Social Science and the Two Cultures Problem

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Book SynopsisOne of the major problems facing practitioners and scientists working with water management is how to integrate knowledge and experiences from scientific, policy and stakeholder perspectives. In this book this science-policy-stakeholder interface (SPSI) is examined both analytically and through the description of practical experiences from river basins in Europe, India and South-East Asia. These include the Tungabhadra (India), Sesan (Vietnam/Cambodia), Tagus (Spain/Portugal) and Glomma (Norway), which particularly highlight issues associated with pollution, severely altered river flows and transboundary conflicts. Following two chapters which lay the framework for the book the authors describe how SPSI was managed in the case study basins and how stakeholder participation and scenarios were used to integrate different perspectives, and to facilitate the communication of different forms of knowledge. Four important aspects of water management and SPSI are then discussed; these are water pollution, land and water interaction, environmental flow and transboundary water regimes. Short descriptions of the case study rivers are provided together with analyses of how SPSI was managed in water management in these basins and policy recommendations for the basins. The book concludes by providing a series of recommendations for improving the science-policy-stakeholder interface in water management. It represents a major step forward in our understanding of how to implement integrated water resources management. Trade Review'There is a fast growing field of interest around the coupling between scientific results and policy uptake. This highly updated book reflects upon these issues in the context water management. An important feature of the book is the discussion of science-policy interfacing needs with practical examples from four river large basins. The book will be a valuable reference for others engaging in research for sustainable development as well as policy-makers and stakeholders involved in IWRM implementation and development.' Philippe Quevauviller, DG Research, European Commission, and Dept. of Hydrology and Hydrological Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) 'Integrating different forms of experts' and local knowledge is increasingly needed to cope with the challenge of managing complex socio-ecological systems. This book, by a highly interdisciplinary, multinational team, describes and reflects upon sustainability challenges in the context of integrated water resource management (IWRM). The authors' analysis of these challenges, however, translates beyond the water context into useful insights for a much broader community of sustainability-oriented researchers and practitioners.' Carlo Sessa, Institute of Studies for the Integration of Systems. RomeTable of ContentsList of Contributors Acronyms Preface 1. Introduction: The Science-Policy-Stakeholder Interface (SPSI) 2. Putting the 'Integration' In Science-Policy-Stakeholders Interface 3. SPSI and Stakeholder Participation 4. The Science-Policy-Stakeholder Interface in Sustainable Water Management: Creating Interactive, Participatory Scenarios Together with Stakeholders 5. The Science-Policy-Stakeholders Interface in Water Pollution Assessment 6. The Science-Policy-Stakeholder-Interface (SPSI) in Land and Water Use Interactions 7. SPSI and Environmental Flow 8. The SPSI and Transboundary Water Regimes 9. SPSI in Water Management- Lessons Learnt and the Challenges Ahead Index

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Book SynopsisA new weapon is emerging to help us fight climate change. It is becoming feasible to take carbon dioxide from power stations and industry, and lock it away safely before it can enter the atmosphere. In the next few years, major demonstration programmes will start up in the USA, EU and elsewhere. But can carbon capture compete with other low-carbon technologies, is it safe and environmentally-friendly, and will people and governments accept it? "Capturing Carbon" examines the need for carbon capture, and the technologies, existing and emerging, that make it work. It describes geological storage and, uniquely, compares it to biological carbon sequestration in soils and forests. It looks at the costs, the economics, and how big a contribution carbon capture can make to avoiding dangerous climate change. It covers the policies that need to be in place, the public reaction, and the opportunities for business. Finally, it gives a hard-headed description of the risks of carbon capture projects. The book is the first comprehensive yet accessible study of the subject. It is a vital resource for environmentalists, policy-makers, investors, academics, industry specialists and anyone else wishing to understand this fast-moving field.

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Book SynopsisThe current policy for climate change prioritises mitigation over adaptation. The collected papers of Climate Change as Environmental and Economic Hazard argue that although efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are still vital, the new policy paradigm should shift the priority to adaptation, with a special focus on disaster risk reduction. It should also consider climate change not purely as a hazard and a challenge, but as a window of opportunity to shift to a new sustainable development policy model, which stresses the particular importance of communities' resilience. The papers in this volume explore the key issues linked to this shift, including: ' Increasing research into the Earth Sciences, climate reconstruction and forecasting in order to decrease the degree of uncertainty about the origin, development and implications of climate change; ' The introduction of more binding and comprehensive regulation of both greenhouse gas emissions and adaptation measures, like that in the United Kingdom; ' Matching climate policy with that for disasters and mainstreaming it into overall development strategies. The volume is a valuable addition to previous climate change research and considers a new policy approach to this new global challenge. Table of Contents1. Managing Natural Disaster Risks in a Changing Climate 2. Strengthening Socio-ecological Resilience through Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation: Identifying Gaps in an Uncertain World 3. United States Hurricane Landfalls and Damages: Can One to Five Year Predictions Beat Climatology? 4. Building a Low-Carbon Economy: The Inaugural Report of the UK Committee on Climate Change 5. Responsibility Framing in a 'Climate Change Induced' Compounded Crisis: Facing Tragic Choices in the Murray-Darling Basin

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Book SynopsisRecent developments in international policy on Reduced Emissions from Deforestation in Developing countries (REDD) open the way for crediting of carbon saved by rural communities through management of the forests in their vicinity. Since the annual changes in forest carbon stock under this kind of management are relatively small and often under the canopy, they cannot easily be assessed using remote sensing, so ground-level data collection is likely to be essential over large areas of forests. The potential role of communities in measuring, monitoring and reporting carbon stock changes in their forests has been explicitly mentioned in UNFCCC documentation on methodology for REDD+, the extended form of REDD that includes forest enhancement, sustainable forest management and forest conservation. This book presents practical methods by which communities can do it. These methods were developed and tested with communities in villages in Africa and Asia under a six-year research programme. The reliability of the data gathered by the community is shown to be equivalent to that of professional forest inventories while the costs are much lower. Involvement of local communities in collection of this data may be the most cost-effective solution for national REDD+ programmes. Moreover, it could provide the basis for a transparent system for distribution of the financial rewards from REDD+ and the carbon market. The book first presents the policy context, concepts, methods and general results, which include estimates of typical carbon savings resulting from community management in different types of tropical forests. It also looks at the governance issues that may be involved and a variety of ways in which incentive schemes might be designed to encourage communities to participate. The second half of the book is devoted to case studies from the countries involved in the research. These provide both ideas and practical experience to enable agencies to engage with local communities to monitor carbon stock changes.Trade Review'Incentivizing and compensating local forest users for reduced emissions require regular monitoring of forest carbon stocks. This book demonstrates convincingly - based on extensive field research - that this can be done by local communities themselves in a reliable and cost-efficient way.' Arild Angelsen, Professor, Norwegian University of Life Sciences & Senior Associate, CIFORTable of ContentsPart I: Principles and Issues 1. Why Community Forest Monitoring? 2. How Much Carbon Does Community Forest Management Save? 3. Local Participation In Mapping, Measuring and Monitoring for Community Carbon Forestry 4. The Policy Context of Community Monitoring for REDD+ 5. Information Requirements for National REDD+ Programmes 6. The Costs And Reliability of Forest Carbon Monitoring by Communities 7. A Field Guide for Community Forest Carbon Monitoring 8. Participatory Mapping and Monitoring of Forest Carbon Services Using Freeware: Cybertracker and Google Earth Part II: Case Studies 9. The Cost to Communities in Nepal of Participating in REDD+ 10. Community Carbon Forestry to Counter Forest Degradation in the Indian Himalayas 11. The Potential of Community Forest Management Under REDD+ for Achieving MDG Goals in Tanzania 12. West Africa: Carbon Savings Through Community Management of Dry Savanna Woodlands 13. Can Carbon Compete with the Loggers in Papua New Guinea? 14. Will Poor Nepalese Communities be able to Access REDD+ Carbon Credits? A Legal Analysis

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Book SynopsisPersonal carbon trading is rapidly moving up the political agenda as recognition grows of its potential to address urgent issues of climate change and natural resource use. Under personal carbon trading schemes a carbon allowance would be allocated to each individual, to be used and traded in the same way as in national and international carbon trading schemes. This volume presents the latest research on personal carbon trading at different scales - from the effects on the individual, communities and organisations, to its place in national, EU (including the EU ETS) and global policy landscapes. It presents key research on the economic and policy barriers and implications, and will be essential reading for anyone involved in emissions trading research or policymaking.Table of ContentsPCT at EU and International Level 1. Personal Carbon Trading in the Context of the EU Emission Trading Scheme 2. PCT in Different National Contexts PCT at a National Level 3. The Economics of Personal Carbon Trading: a Review 4. The Interaction of Existing and Proposed Economic Instruments and Personal Carbon Trading Schemes 5. Barriers to Personal Carbon Trading in the Policy Arena 6. Policing Carbon: Design and Enforcement Options for Personal Carbon Trading PCT and Individuals, Communities and Organisations 7. Effects of Personal Carbon Allowances on Decision-Making: Evidence from an Experimental Simulation 8. Social Acceptability of Personal Carbon Allowances: Findings from a Mixed-method Study PCT Variants - Brief Contributions 9a. Upstream, Downstream 9b. An Upstream Alternative to Personal Carbon Trading

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Book SynopsisThe purpose of this book is to assess a variety of economic issues as they relate to agro-biodiversity and show how addressing these issues can assist in agro-biodiversity policy-making. This is illustrated using empirical data from some of the countries (Ethiopia, Nepal and Zambia) which are part of the Genetic Resources Policy Initiative. The empirical chapters apply the relevant economic methods, including regression analysis, choice experiments, hedonic pricing, contingent valuation and farm business income analysis. The authors discuss the economics of managing crop diversity on-farm in the context of crop variety attribute preferences, farmers' perception of agro-biodiversity loss, and value addition and marketing of the products of traditional crop varieties. The case studies include detailed analysis of traditional varieties of groundnut, maize, rice, sorghum, and teff. The results are relevant not only to GRPI countries but also to other countries concerned with the sustainable utilization of these resources. Overall, the studies illustrate how genetic resources issues can be integrated into rural development interventions.Trade Review'The book by Wale and collaborators helps to enlighten us about the deep rooted causes of agro-biodiversity loss. A very valuable addition to the libraries of policy makers, scientists and environmental and development NGOs concerned with this global problem.' Dr. Unai Pascual, Lecturer, Department of Land Economy, Cambridge 'Based on the Genetic Resources Policy Initiative (GRPI), which aims to strengthen the capacity of developing countries to design comprehensive policy frameworks for genetic resources, this book aims to document the range of economic issues of relevance to agro-biodiversity policy. In so doing, it succeeds to link results based on scientific, in this case economic, work to policy recommendations and thereby contributing to both the scientific as well as the policy discussion. Its major contribution to the scientific discussion is the application of various economic approaches (e.g., choice experiments, hedonic pricing, variety attribute preference ranking, contingent valuation and farm business income analysis) to empirically analyze the value chains of plant genetic resources used in food production. In that way the multi-dimensions of in situ conservation become better understood and it is easier to integrate in situ conservation policies into rural development interventions to address potential policy trade-offs. The enhanced economic understanding of the decision processes enables the improved design of well targeted conservation policies for both the traditional varieties well marketable (de facto conserved) and the threatened varieties, which need clear (financial) compensatory measures to be maintained by the farmers. By doing so, the book takes forward the policy discussion to make the conservation of plant genetic resources (used in food production) part of the broader rural development agenda.' Dr. Detlef Virchow, Food Security Center (FSC), University of Hohenheim, GermanyTable of ContentsPreface List of Contributors Part I: Setting the Scene 1. Introduction: Setting the Scene for GRPI Economics Part II: Variety Trait Preferences and On-Farm Conservation Policy 2. Economic Analysis of Ethiopian Farmers' Preferences for Crop Variety Attributes: A Choice Experiment Approach 3. Valuation of Rice Diversity in Nepal: A Trait-based Approach 4. Farmers' Perceptions on Replacement and Loss of Traditional Crop Varieties: Examples from Ethiopia and Implications Part III: Market Value Chains, Commercialization and On-farm Conservation Policy 5. Consumers' Attribute Preferences and Traders' Challenges Affecting the Use of Local Maize and Groundnut Varieties in Lusaka: Implications for Crop Diversity Policy 6. Commercialization and Market Linkages for Promoting the Use of Local Rice Varieties: A Nepalese Case Study Part IV: Conclusions and Outlook 7. Findings, Conclusions, Implications and Outlook Index

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Book SynopsisHow should we be putting a price on carbon, particularly in developing countries? This volume takes up this contested issue and examines how different economic instruments might apply in developing countries, with a special focus on South Africa. The papers included address a variety of themes in this area: Emissions trading, carbon taxes, fiscal and non-fiscal instruments, policy and institutional dimensions, and lessons from the Clean Development Mechanism. Presenting the very latest research, the volume will be of interest to academics and policymakers in economics, policy and development.Table of Contents1. Putting a Price on Carbon in the Context of Development 2. Carbon Pricing and Industrial Policy in South Africa 3. Comparison of Emissions Trading and Carbon Taxation in South Africa 4. Structuring Approaches to Pricing Carbon in Energy- and Trade-Intensive Sectors in South Africa 5. Meeting a National Emission Reduction Target in an Experimental Setting 6. Is Emission Trading a Possible Policy Option for India? 7. Aligning South African Energy and Climate Change Mitigation Policy

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Book SynopsisThis book tells the story of development studies in practice over the last fifty years through the work of one remarkable individual, Robert Chambers. His work has taken him from being a colonial officer in Kenya through training and managing large rural development projects to a fundamental critique of top-down development and the championing of participatory approaches. The contributors eloquently demonstrate how he has been at the centre of major shifts in development thinking and practice over this period, popularising terms that are now at the centre of the development lexicon such as vulnerability, multi-dimensional poverty, sustainable livelihoods and 'farmer first'. Robert Chambers played a major role in the massive growth in participatory approaches to development, and particularly the application of participatory methods in development research and appraisal. This has led to fundamental challenges to development practice, ranging from approaches to monitoring and evaluation to institutional learning and professional training. There is probably no-one who has had more influence on approaches to development in the past decades. Revolutionizing Development offers a unique overview of these contributions in thirty-two concise chapters from authors who have been intimately involved as collaborators, critics and colleagues of Robert Chambers.Trade Review'A powerful influence on development doing and thinking, Robert Chambers provokes us to focus on what doesn't fit our neat categories, reversing our normal assumptions. He has transformed attitudes and behaviours through impelling us to reflect on how we work and what we do. This wonderful collection of perspectives on Robert's life and work reminds us how much a single person can do by being confident, pragmatic and willing to take risks.' Dr Camilla Toulmin, Director, International Institute for Environment and Development, London 'Robert Chambers has been an ardent advocate of a livelihood approach to development, a testimony to his holistic vision of sustainable human security and happiness. This book captures the essence of his many original contributions during the last fifty years. Through the 'farmer first ' approach he has shown the pathway for linking ecology, economics, equity and employment in a mutually reinforcing manner leading to food for all and forever.' Professor M S Swaminathan, Chairman, M S Swaminathan Research Foundation, Member of Indian Parliament (Rajya Sabha); and Chair, High Level Panel of Experts of the Committee on World Food Security of the UN Food and Agriculture OrganisationTable of ContentsNotes on Contributors. Acknowledgements. Acronyms. Robert Chambers. Putting the Last First: Reflections on the Work of Robert Chambers. Conceptualising Development. Challenging Development Priorities. Beginners in Africa: Managing Rural Development. The Path from Managerialism to Participation: The Kenyan Special Rural Development Programme. Foxes and Hedgehogs – and Lions: Whose Reality Prevails? Participation in International Aid. Power and Participation. Reframing Development. Rural Development, Poverty and Livelihoods – Exploring Sustainable Livelihoods. Putting the Vulnerable First. Seasonality: Uncovering the Obvious and Implementing the Complex. Refugee Studies. Farmer First: Reversals for Agricultural Research. Agricultural Development: Parsimonious Paradigms. In Search of a Water Revolution: Canal Irrigation Management. The Last Frontier: The Groundwater Revolution in South Asia. Trees as Assets: Legacies and Lessons. Finding a Sustainable Sanitation Solution: Scaling up Community-Led Total Sanitation. Technology and Markets. Methodological Innovations Village Studies. Whose Knowledge Counts? Tales of an Eclectic Participatory Pluralist. Learning to Unlearn: Creating a Virtuous Learning Cycle. The Use of Participatory Methods to Study Natural Resources. Participatory Numbers. Practising Development: New Professionalism. The Personal and the Political. International Poverty Professionals and Poverty. Changing Attitudes and Behaviour. Networking: Building a Global Movement for PRA and other Participatory Methods. Institutional Learning and Change. Participation, Learning and Accountability: The Role of the Activist Academic. Development Professionalism. Appreciation and Reflections. Appendix. List of Robert Chambers' Publications. References. Index

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Book SynopsisEvery day, every one of us contributes to the waste problem but, despite being a part of our lives, waste is poorly understood, even by those who should know better. We live in a throw-away society and yet what is discarded is a vital raw material and ingredient being traded as a valuable commodity around the world. Recycling our Future provides an insight into the challenges facing the industry and individuals as the world contemplates expanding waste mountains. Finite sources are being eroded as the world's growing and increasingly affluent population demands a better standard of living with bigger houses, new TVs, computers, etc. Waste is a valuable raw material when treated correctly but a hazard when neglected. The author warns of illegal shipments of waste continuing unabated, and highlights the pressures and challenges facing governments and the industry. He also explains how the system works from the moment a carton is dropped into a bin to being recycled, resold and restocked on supermarkets' shelves. He explodes the myths about waste recycling, looks at the technology that is used and explains why the subject matters to everyone.The book is supported by information from sources around the world and the author reveals how so-called rubbish has a value, how it is traded on the financial markets and suggests that waste should be treated as a prize worthy of investment, rather than a problem to be shunned.Trade Review'...is an instructive and succinct piece of opinion writing that succeds in breaking down a highly complex industry for the layman. ...offers a refreshing perspective on subjects that continue to evolve'. letsrecycle.com '...worth reading... ...explains the forces and drivers that impact upon the recycling business and is about practicalities.' Recovered Fibre News

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Book SynopsisMany traditional approaches to rural land management are strictly sectoral, with a rigid introspective focus. Consequently the impact of silo-driven change on other land users they can often be overlooked or not appreciated. This book critically reviews why there has yet to be a clear route to upland resource management and provides insight and options for integrated transdisciplinary land management solutions for rural areas, specifically uplands. It considers the problem in order to derive appropriate solutions enhanced by a number of in-depth case studies by resource management professionals and the use of many examples of contemporary good practice from different uplands, organisations, projects and programmes.The overarching approach of the book is to provide a tool kit for those individuals, groups or organisations looking to manage the upland resource for the benefit of all. Readers are provided with a range of practical options to develop their own solutions. The book is written in such a way that readers can dip in and out of sections to plug knowledge gaps or read in its entirety for those experiencing a first foray into the complexities of upland resource management.Increasingly, rural areas are becoming recognised as a wider resource beyond traditional food, fibre and water, leading to inevitable management tensions. Goal setting, vision and strategy development, management planning, aims, objectives and prescription (actions) are considered and some of the new agendas for resource use in uplands which may be worth consideration for individual projects are explored. This comprehensive book deals with the implementation, advantages and disadvantages of a range of traditional and contemporary resource management approaches which are then expanded upon by a range of resource management professionals based on their own experiences. These case studies demonstrate the development of more effective projects and the book concludes by considering how work can be monitored and evaluated before ideas are synthesised for best practice.Trade Review'...this is a competent and thorough contribution, demostrating extensive knowledge and diligent research. It should serve as a standard reference of rural planning and economics, agriculture, human geography etc. It is also relevant to specialists within government departments, local authorities, national park administrations, environmental charities, environmental consultancies, land and forestry agents and larger rural estate offices...' Scottish Forestry, the RSFS journal​ -------------------- `A wonderfully comprehensive and insightful exploration of the multiplicity of issues affecting the uplands. The focus boxes are really good'. John Clarkson, Senior Lecturer Wildlife Conservation, Nottingham Trent University -------------------- `...we need more and better livelihoods in the uplands - Lois Mansfield's new book shows, with some much needed intellectual rigour, how this can be achieved. There's a nice set of tables...giving a pick-and-mix menu for upland resource management which is well worth thumbing through'. Alan Spedding, RuSource the rural information network and Royal Agricultural Society of England Members' Agri-Bulletin -------------------- `...an invaluable blueprint for the future. ...a narrative, interspersed with diagrams, coloured charts, tables, lists of all kinds to which you can refer for evidence and information. The results of an immense amount of research are summarised and acknowledged. Most interesting are the large sections of case studies of `working with people', and `working with territories'. ...this most complete reference book for the professionals, the scientist, the academic, or the amateur upland enthusiast. It's a one-book degree-course - highly recommended'. George Macpherson, Consultant Editor to Appropriate Technology MagazineTable of ContentsUpland resource management: why has it failed?; The character of traditional upland resource use; Setting goals for uplands; Resource appraisal techniques; Approaches to resource management; Case studies: working with people; Case studies: working with territories; Monitoring and evaluation; Upland resource management: new agendas; Glossary; References; Index

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Book SynopsisGlassfibre reinforced concrete (GRC) is the most complex materialwidely used in current construction practice. It is an unusual composite, inwhich both the matrix and the reinforcement themselves are composites.This book provides guidance on the properties, its specification, testingand the latest methods for efficient production. Detailed information ispresented about the unique aspects of the internal structure and fracturemechanisms of GRC and how the latest advances in nanotechnology areleading towards a fuller understanding of the rational design of GRC andthe potential for further improvement of properties beyond those used incontemporary construction practice.GRC is already firmly established as the high-tech material of choice for architects and designers and recent decadeshave witnessed a rapid increase in production of GRC world-wide. However, to provide the full picture and encompass themost recent developments in GRC and how it can be exploited in major projects, a substantial part of the book is made upof case studies.GRC has been always a very versatile material; however, its range of practical applications has grown significantly.From small, simple items (flowerpots, drainage channels, window sills, etc.) to large-scale, high-tech iconic projects fromleading architects, where GRC has to cope with the highest demands regarding structural complexity, freedom of shape,striking appearance combined with durability and overall quality and excellent environmental performance. Thecomposite is well used in the reconstruction of complex historic facades and GRC has moved beyond construction into thedomain of art and interior decorations and furniture. The case studies show numerous examples of such designs andproducts, including recently developed large double-curved panels with unusual surfaces and strong colours, and selfcleaningand photocatalytic (air-cleaning) e-GRC.Trade Review`…provides an overview of GFRC information for all construction professionals from architects, designers, and construction engineers and end users of buildings to the GFRC manufacturer and developers… …a valuable learning material for students. BETON ------------------- `The book is well laid out with use of colour throughout. ...a well written text. ...the only text to review the current stage of development and applications of GRC’. Concrete, IS Newsletter and ICT Newsletter -------------------- `...provides a good insight into the aspects of glassfibre-reinforced concrete (GRC). It starts with the development, manufacture and properties of GRC and then outlines structural design criteria, specification and the compliance requirements. The well-illustrated section on applications includes location, design engineer, contractor and material casting supplier’. Civil EngineeringTable of ContentsIntroduction and scope; Brief history of development; Constituent materials; Manufacture; Composite action; Properties of fresh and hardened GRC; Structural design; Specification and compliance; Health and safety; Summary of benefits; Applications (Mature structures, Civic buildings, Office and commercial buildings, Residential buildings and developments, Religious structures, Art and recreation, Reconstruction/conservation of historic and contemporary buildings, Interior decoration and furniture, Architectural building components, Civil and environmental engineering); Standards; References; Appendices (Calibration of GRC spray equipment, Determination of glass content of uncured GRC, Determination of flexural properties of GRC, Determination of dry and wet bulk density, water absorption and apparent porosity of GRC); Index

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Book SynopsisContemporary events have shown that buildings designed to modern day codes need to be able to resist accidental extreme actions such as impact, explosions, weather, chemical and seismic events. This is one of the reasons for the present reviewing of the Eurocodes used to design concrete structures. The definition of the use of concrete used in extreme environments is difficult, but extreme events are usually defined as those rare events which occur at the extreme ends of the statistical distribution in a particular situation. Often the clients who order the concrete structures are unable to determine the extremes of environments the concrete will encounter and rely on the designers and construction companies to be able to predict the service conditions.Trade Review`there are many books that examine the behaviour of concrete in adverse environment...but this takes concrete to another level... the chapters describe actual experiences in these unusual environments. ...this is a reassuring book that shows that concrete can be designed to deal with some of the most severe, extreme environments from around the world'. Concrete -------------------- 'To help increase access to a range of experiences, the chapters in the book have covered areas such as recognizing severe environments, construction materials failures with concrete in extreme environments, high cycle fatigue of concrete structures in harsh environments both in design and monitoring... ...will provide a valuable tool for practising engineers...' Concrete Plant + Precast Technology------------------‘…a variety of authors describe their experience in using concrete in such environments as concrete dams, sewer networks, heavily-salted roadways, nuclear waste containers, and offshore wind-turbine towers…Survival depends upon…having a deep understanding of these forces both in the lab and in service’. Concrete ConstructionTable of Contents1. Recognising extreme environments D. Wimpenny 2. Extreme response of reinforced concrete framed buildings using static and dynamic procedures for progressive collapse analysis E. Brunesi, G. Faga and D. Cicola 3. Use of calcium aluminate cements in H2S biogenic environment François Saucier, Jean Herisson and Dominique Guinot 4. High cycle fatigue of concrete structures, in harsh environments; design and monitoring M. K. Hovgaard 5. Validation of models for prediction of chloride ingress in concrete exposed in de-icing salt road environment Luping Tang 6. Evolution of corrosion parameters in a buried pilot nuclear waste container in el Cabril C. Andradea et al. 7. Reactions of cements in geothermal wells Neil B. Milestone

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Book SynopsisThis new book is a substantially updated and expanded edition based upon the successful and acclaimed Basic Environmental and Engineering Geology by the late Professor Fred Bell. It incorporates the changes that have occurred since and also addresses some aspects of the discipline that have developed a much higher profile over the past few decades. The book is underpinned by two fundamental premises: that environmental and engineering geology represents a single coherent discipline that has a broad remit; and it is a vocational subject and not an academic pursuit, that aims to provide the societal means for safe, economic, and environmentally sustainable planning and development. The early chapters underpin the discipline and deal with: geology and geochemistry; geomorphology; engineering soils and rocks; pedological soils; hydrology and hydrogeology. A thorough appraisal of the various stages of site investigation is followed by nine chapters on the application of environmental and engineering geology. These chapters cover a broad range and draw on case studies taken both from the authors own files and those published elsewhere. In all examples the aim is to illustrate the way case studies have improved our knowledge and developed the science of environmental and engineering geology. The final chapter addresses some of the new issues that environmental and engineering geologists are now facing that were not considered in the first edition, including climate change, renewable energy, geoconservation, geoforensics, and modern military applications. In addition, the requirement for skills that are beyond subject knowledge required by practitioners are introduced, such as project management, health & safety, and seeking professional recognition. An extensive list of additional reading is provided for each of the chapters in the book, allowing readers to explore the rich literature that underpins this fascinating and important subject.Table of ContentsIntroduction to environmental and engineering geology; Geology and geochemistry; Geomorphology; Engineering soils and rocks; Pedological soils; Hydrology and hydrogeology; Site investigation: initial stage (desk studies, field mapping, remote sensing, GIS, ground models); Site investigation main stage (geophysics, exploratory holes, testing and reporting); Land-use planning, hazards and risk management; Land capability, agriculture and soil erosion; Catastrophic geohazards and disasters; Pernicious non-catastrophic geohazards; Mining and the environment; Waste, contamination and brownfield sites; Water resources; Geomaterials; Construction; Emerging issues and professionalism

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Book SynopsisThis volume of the series has been specifically designed to show engineering applications of some of these codes together with sufficient exposition of the theoretical background so that a prospective code developer or a user can gain the necessary insight into the current status of BEM.Table of Contents1. Advanced Applications of BEM to gas Turbine Engine Structures 2. Advanced Applications of BEM to Inelastic Analysis of Solids 3. Advanced Development of BEM for Elastic and Inelastic Dynamics Analysis of Solids 4. Boundary Element Methods for Poroelastic and Thermolastic Analyses 5. Advanced Substructured Analysis of Elastdynamic Wave Propagation Problems 6. BEM Analysis of Problems of Fracture Mechanics 7. Boundary Element Applications in the Automotive Industry 8. Advanced Stress Analysis by a Commercial BEM Code 9. Thermoelastic Analysis for Design of Machine Components

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Book SynopsisProceedings of a Conference on Medical Response to Effects of Ionizing Radiation held at Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre, London, UK, 28-30 June 1989.Table of ContentsPreface; The medical implications of nuclear power plant accidents; Setting the scenario—potential hazards of the nuclear fuel cycle; The medical management of radiation casualties; Medical management of the patient immunosuppressed by ionising Radiation; The Goiânia accident; Current radiation risk estimates and implications for the health consequences of Windscale, TMI and Chernobyl accidents; The role of biological dosimetry in a radiological accident in the UK; Some priorities in experimental radiobiology; Arrangements for dealing with emergencies at civil nuclear installations; The National Response Plan and Radioactive Incident Monitoring Network(RIMNET); The role of MAFF following a nuclear accident; Medical response to effects of ionising radiation: resources for coping with an event, the role of the Community Physician; Local emergency arrangements for radiation accidents; Monitoring and assessment of radiation exposure from routine radioactive discharges, and its relevance to the question of disease clusters; Studies of leukaemia incidence in Scotland; The relevance of population mixing to the aetiology of childhood leukaemia; The role of ionising radiation in the aetiology of the leukaemias; A method of detecting spatial clustering of disease; Prediction of the effect of small doses: inconsistencies in the epidemiological evidence.

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Book SynopsisA guide to all aspects of environmental management for businesses. The volume offers information on state-of-the-art techniques, trends and developments taking a user's perspective, capturing key viewpoints and drawing together best practice through the use of case studies. These display the practical implications of the topics under discussion and are set out to enable users to relate their information to their own experience.Trade Review'A broad-ranging yet succinct guide.' From the Foreword by Digby Jones, Director General, The Confederation of British Industry. 'This book presents key viewpoints and current best practices, giving practical examples on how businesses of all sizes, can successfully manage the environmental, economic and social issues, associated with sustainable development.' Social and Environmental AccountingTable of ContentsForeword by Digby Jones, Confederation of British Industry * Introduction by Ruth Hillary, Network for Environmental Management and Auditing * Section I: Sustainability and Biodiversity * Section II: Climate Change * Section III: Financial, Legal and Insurance Issues * Section IV: Products, Producer Responsibility and Final Disposal * Section V: Mobility, Transport, Communication and IT * Section VI: Environmental Management Systems * Section VII: Energy Management * Section VIII: Pollution Prevention, Air Water and IPPC * Section IX: Technology and Innovation * Section X: Planning Challenges, Contaminated Land * Section XI: Measuring and Reporting Environmental Performance and Stakeholder Dialogue * List of Acronyms and Abbreviations * Useful Contacts

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Book SynopsisIt is vital that we adopt interdisciplinary approaches such as ecological economics to gain an understanding of the values that determine human interaction with, and use and abuse of, the environment. This book is a model of applied ecological economics. It presents an accessible introduction to the subject while at the same time broadening its theoretical basis by introducing a post-positivist, participatory method. The theoretical framework is applied to case studies in biodiversity conservation, drawn from around the world and a range of different ecosystems. The book is a suitable textbook for students of ecological economics and an ideal introduction for scientists and environmentalists needing to understand the role of economics in ecology and conservation.Trade Review'This text is well referenced and especially in the first part, it is advanced in its levels of analysis, ideas, and vocabulary...well worth reading.' Patrick W. Colgan, Biodiversity, Journal of Life on Earth, 2001.Table of ContentsPart I: Methodology, Paradigms, Ethics and Participation - Introduction and Background * Scientific Methodology * Paradigms and Environmental Decision-making * Economics, Intergenerational Equity and Biodiversity Conservation * Economics, Land Use Planning and Participation * Part II: Case Studies - Conflict and Agreement in Australian Forests * Marine Conservation Through Collaboration and Partnership: Recent Australian Experiences * Biodiversity Conservation in Indonesia: Policy and Politics * From Top-down to Participatory Planning: Conservation Lessons from the Adirondack Park, United States * Policy, Institutions, Values and Biodiversity Conservation in Vanuatu * Negotiating Agendas in Biodiversity Conservation: The India Ecodevelopment Project, Karnataka * Conflict Management in community-based Natural Resource Projects: Experiences from the Lakekamu Basin Integrated Conservation and Development Project, Papua New Guinea * References * Index

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Book SynopsisSince the adoption of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1997, the negotiation of policy responses to climate change has become an area of major research. This authoritative volume sets out the main debates and processes of joint implementation - bilateral or multilateral investments in greenhouse gas emission reduction or sequestration - and explores the issues involved in constructing an appropriate institutional framework. It examines the key economic, environmental, social and ethical impacts, and assesses the operational design of the flexibility mechanisms of joint implementation, including emissions trading and the Clean Development Mechanism. An approach is developed in which streamlined assessment procedures are combined with institutional safeguards in order to balance the demand for practical mechanisms with the environmental objectives of the Protocol. The book provides detailed case studies of energy sector investment in Eastern European host countries.Trade Review'It provides structure to the often fuzzy discussion on joint implementation mechanisms. It shows how things can be applied in practice. It transcends generalities by providing in-depth discussions of concepts, evaluation procedures, and scientific uncertainty.' Luc Hens, Human Ecology Department, Free University Brussels.Table of ContentsPreface * Beyond Joint Implementation: an Overview and Summary of the Argument * The Language of Flexibility: Operational Forms of Joint Implementation * Objectives of Joint Implementation: Towards a Multicriteria Evaluation Framework * The Baseline Question: Dealing with the Problem of Counterfactuality * Case Study Projects * Environmental ad Social Aspects of Joint Implementation: Methodologies and Case Study Results * Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis: Methodology and Case Study Results * Measures for Managing Flexibility: Dealing with Complexity and Uncertainty * Evaluating Joint Implementation Options: an Illustrative Analysis * Appendix 1: Analysis of Crediting Regimes * Notes * References * Index

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Book SynopsisBy the year 2000, the world had built more than 45,000 large dams to irrigate crops, generate power, control floods in wet times and store water in dry times. Yet, in the last century, large dams also disrupted the ecology of half the world's rivers, displaced tens of millions of people from their homes and left nations burdened with debt. Their impacts have inevitably generated growing controversy and conflicts. Resolving their role in meeting water and energy needs is vital for the future and illustrates the complex development challenges that face our societies. The Report of the World Commission on Dams: - is the product of an unprecedented global public policy effort to bring governments, the private sector and civil society together in one process - provides the first comprehensive global and independent review of the performance and impacts of dams - presents a new framework for water and energy resources development - develops an agenda of seven strategic priorities with corresponding criteria and guidelines for future decision-making. Challenging our assumptions, the Commission sets before us the hard, rigorous and clear-eyed evidence of exactly why nations decide to build dams and how dams can affect human, plant and animal life, for better or for worse. Dams and Development: A New Framework for Decision-Making is vital reading on the future of dams as well as the changing development context where new voices, choices and options leave little room for a business-as-usual scenario.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Water Development and Large Dams * Part I: The WCD Global Review of Large Dams � Chapter 2: Technical, Financial and Economic Performance * Chapter 3: Ecosystems and Large Dams: Environmental Performance * Chapter 4: People and Large Dams: Social Performance * Chapter 5 Options for Water and Energy Resources Development * Chapter 6: Decision-Making, Planning and Institutions * Part II: The Way Forward - Chapter 7: Enhancing Human Development: Rights, Risks and Negotiated Outcomes * Chapter 8: Strategic priorities � A new Policy Framework for the Development of Water and Energy Resources * Chapter 9: Criteria and Guidelines � Applying the Strategic Priorities * Chapter 10: Beyond the Commission- An Agenda for Change * List of Tables * List of Figures * List of Boxes * A Comment � Medha Patkar * Annexes * Index

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Book Synopsis'What a welcome gift!' John Clark, Project Director, UN Secretary-General's Panel on UN-Civil Society Relations. 'This book truly breaks new ground in the field of civil society studies by introducing an innovative assessment tool which can be of use to practitioners, policy-makers and researchers alike.' Kumi Naidoo, Chief Executive Officer, CIVICUS Civil society - comprising the activities of non-state organizations, institutions and movements - has in recent years emerged as the major force for change in the realms of politics, public policy and society both globally and locally. Yet, despite the crucial importance of this political phenomenon to the principle and practice of democracy, it eludes definition and systematic understanding. This book provides a comprehensive and flexible framework for the definition, measurement, analysis and interpretation of civil society based on the innovative 'Civil Society Diamond'. Written as a guide for both practitioners and academics, the book presents precise and insightful solutions to the issues of how to understand the concept of civil society, where to locate it theoretically and empirically, and which techniques are best suited to its measurement. The approach presented here has been successfully adopted across a wide range of civil society organizations in over 30 countries. The author draws on and applies a diverse repertoire of indicators, tools and data - suitable for various organizational forms, practical contexts and theoretical perspectives - which measure the effectiveness of civil society initiatives and reveal certain strategic and policy options. The aim is to promote and facilitate structured, informed and fruitful dialogue within civil society organizations and between them and the governmental, corporate and academic actors with whom they are now so integrally linked.Table of ContentsMeasuring Civil Society: Why and How * The Civil Society Diamond: The Basics * The Civil Society Diamond: An Unfolding System * The Civil Society Diamond: First Applications * Indicators, Data, Process * Applying the Civil Society Diamond: Case Studies * The Way Ahead * Appendix A: indicator Repertoire and Assessments * Appendix B: Examples of Specific Methodologies * Appendix C: Data Sources and Other Indicators * Notes * References * Index

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Book SynopsisInternational tensions around water are rising in many of the world's most volatile regions. The policy recipe pursued by the West, and imposed on governments elsewhere, is to pass control over water to private interests, which simply accelerates the cycle of inequality and deprivation. California, as well as China, South Africa, Mexico and countries on every continent already face a crisis. This book exposes the enormity of the problem, the dangers of the proposed solution and the alternative, which is to recognize access to water as a fundamental human right, not dependent on ability to pay.Trade Review'[A] well-researched book [that] provides a sobering, in-depth look at the growing scarcity of fresh water and the increasing privatization and corporate control of this non-renewable resource.' Library Journal 'After reading this non-fiction account of the globe's shrinking water supply, it is hard not to think how privileged we are to enjoy simple morning showers, a glass of water, or one-hour drives to the beach.' Winnipeg Free Press 'To describe a book on water as 'refreshing' may be a clich but the directness and commitment that springs from these pages is both engaging and motivating.' New Agriculturist Online 'In Blue Gold, activists Maude Barlow and Tony Clarke offer an angry and persuasive account of how this (false sense of security) has damaged the environment and how the privatization of once-public resources threatens to exacerbate the problem.' Business Week 'This book points out the need for further research into water management, institutional and policy issues, principles and practices.' Natural Resources Forum 'Blue Gold provides an alternative viewpoint to that presented by many international institutions. The book is a must for campaginers against privatization of water services and makes interesting reading for anyone working in water and sanitation services.' Water LinesTable of ContentsAcknowledgements * Introduction * Treaty Initiative * I The Crises: Red Alert * Endangered Planet * Dying of Thirst * II The Politics: Everything for Sale * Global Water Lords * Emergent Water Cartel * Global Nexus * III The Way Forward: Fightback * The Standpoint * The Way Forward * Notes * Index

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Book SynopsisSocieties need to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases by 80 per cent in order to counter the risks of climate change. This study envisions a climate neutral society - one where the output of polluting gases is minimised by social innovations set up in households, by local authorities, through developments in information and communications technologies and dematerialization, and through the shift towards product service systems and emissions trading. The work discusses the possibilities for steering and orchestrating this long-term transition towards a climate-friendly society, mapping paths through current dilemmas in climate policy and exploring the legal issues of making this transition.Trade Review'Well illustrated and readable.' International Journal of Environmental Studies 'A very important book.' Tom Downing, Stockholm Environment Institute 'Brings together a range of evidence and perspectives to provide a multidisciplinary commentary on the problem of climate change' Alister Scott, Assistant Director, Global Environmental Change Programme, University of Sussex 'This work will encourage further work in this critical area from researchers in several disciplines' Professor Robert Socolow, Princeton University 'This is an awesome resource, with authoritative projections on many aspects of environment and resources.' Future Survey, September 2003Table of ContentsForeword * Towards a Climate-Neutral Society * Transforming the Energy System of The Netherlands: Two Versions on Reaching 80 Per Cent Emissions Reduction by 2050 * Contemporary Practices; Greenhouse Scepticism? * Technological Change and Innovation for Climate Protection: the Governance Challenge * Households Past and Present, and Opportunities for Change * the Role of Local Authorities in a Transition Towards a Climate-Neutral Society * Improved Material Management as Trend-Breaking Technology for Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions * The Contribution of ICT to the Transition Towards a Climate-Neutral Society * Economy Versus Environment? Design Alternatives for Emissions Trading from a Lock-in Perspective * Legal Aspects of a Changing System in The Netherlands in 2050 * Climate Options for the Long Term (COOL): Stakeholders' Views on 80 Per Cent Emission Reduction * The Climate-Neutral Society: Opportunities for Change * List of Contributors * Index

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Book SynopsisThe world's trade regime is promoted by international agencies and most governments as the best way to lift the poor out of poverty and achieve sustainable development. But does it contribute to human development or not? This reassessment looks in detail at the way it has worked under the GATT and under the World Trade Organization, and analyses how it is working and how it can be improved. The book aims to make major contribution to the debates surrounding globalization and the impact of trade on the poor, on social stability and on the environment. It is intended to provide a benchmark for future policy discussion and analysis.Trade Review'A call for a paradigm shift in trade discourse.' Ali Said Mchumo, Deputy Secretary General, East African Community, former ambassador of the United Republic of Tanzania to the WTO (1995-2002), Chair of the WTO's General Council (Feb 1999-2000) and coordinator for the Least Developed Countries in the WTO (2001). 'A key message of this book is that an evaluation of the multi-lateral trade regime should be based on whether it maximizes possibilities for human development - especially in developing countries.' Future Survey 'What this book does is to argue, quite forcibly, that there must be a major shift away from this dominance by the rich countries.' CNN Money 'The book can be read as a series of easily accessible chapters, even for the non-initiated, with well-demarcated chapters containing figures, tables and boxes that illustrate in a graphic way the glaring imbalances that bedevil the global trading system.' International Affairs 'A far-reaching reassessment of current multilateral trade regimes examines how they can be improved in order to make a genuine contribution to human development.' Business Horizon 'An authoritative and systematic handbook for trade negotiators and policy analysts alike' World Trade Review, vol 2-3 2003 'A welcome contribution and should go some way to strengthen efforts to rebalance the existing asymmetries to the multilateral trade system' World Trade Review, vol 2-3 2003 'This is a stimulating volume with a wealth of illustrative tables and figures. It has a truly international authorship and global perspective'. Alan Hay, Geography, Jan 2004.Table of ContentsPreface * Acknowledgements * Abbreviations * Glossary * Overview - Making Global Trade Work For People * PART 1 TRADE FOR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: Human Development And Trade * The Global Trade Regime * Towards A Human Development Oriented Global Trade Regime * Reforms To The Global Governance Of Trade * PART 2 AGREEMENTS AND ISSUES: Agriculture * Commodities * Industrial Tariffs * Textiles And Clothing * Anti-Dumping * Subsidies * Trade-Related Aspects Of Intellectual Property Rights * Trade-Related Investment Measures And Investment * General Agreement On Trade In Services * Competition Policy * Transparency In Government Procurement * Trade Facilitation * Standards * Trade And Environmental Policy * Strengthening Capacities

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Book SynopsisIn this book two distinguished metallurgists have traced the role of metallurgical technology in the creation of the scientific revolution and the formation of the Royal Society.

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Book SynopsisThis volume, illustrated with many photographs and drawings, commemorates the centenary of the death of Sir Henry Bessemer, one of the outstanding inventors of the 19th century.

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Book SynopsisProceedings of a workshop organised by the European Federation of Corrosion, Frankfurt/Main, 1999, the papers review the current understanding of materials behaviour under cyclic oxidation.

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Book SynopsisMaterials Congress ''98- Frontiers in Material Science and Technology, organised by the Institute of Materials was held from the 6 to 8 April 1998 at the Royal Agricultural College, Circencester. This event which was attended by more than 450 delegates from academia and industry consisted of technical sessions dealing with materials issues involving rubbers, polymers, composites ceramics, ferrous and nonferrous metals and alloys in applications ranging from medical prosthesis two advanced powerplant engineering. These proceedings contain the 10 most important papers presented in the session of the Congress concerned with materials for high temperature powerplant and process plant applications organised by the institute of Materials High Temperature Materials Performance Committee. The selected papers are largely in the form of critical reviews which not only highlight the development of materials to meet specific applications but also comment on solutions used for both current and future applications. These reviews not only discussed the evolution of advanced materials for high temperature power and process plant applications but also indicate the developments in materials which must take place to achieve the higher efficiency and environmentally acceptable plant for the 21st century and beyond.

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Book SynopsisThe 50th Meeting of the International Society of Electrochemistry (ISE) was held in Pavia, Italy in September 1999 and this volume contains selected papers from the symposium devoted to "Materials Corrosion and Protection". The papers cover the industrial application of the electrochemical approach to corrosion research, prediction, prevention and control as well as fundamental research. The papers. all carefully reviewed, are grouped under the headings of inhibitors, organic coatings, inorganic coatings, passivity and corrosion testing and evaluation in special environments.

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Book SynopsisThis volume contains the proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Ceramic Interfaces held at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon, Korea. 27 specialists from 8 countries contributed to the workshop which was divided into 3 sessions: Microstructural Development; Transport; Interfacial Phenomena and Kinetics.

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Book SynopsisLand is a finite resource and is the basis for 90 per cent of all human food, livestock feed, fibre, and fuel - and we are running out of it. Even worse, large amounts are degraded with only a third showing no signs of degradation, and a quarter being severely or very severely degraded. The economic implications of land degradation are vast and closer investigation of the costs involved in remediating degraded and contaminated industrial wasteland may reveal significantly higher costs, especially since large areas of industrial degradation have not yet been assessed. This book addresses the fundamental science and engineering of land degradation and rehabilitation from a multi-disciplinary perspective. The first part of the book discusses natural ground profiles dealing with soil science and the underlying geology, the functions of natural ground and ground engineering properties. In the second part, three basic mechanisms of ground degradation are introduced: erosion, chemical degradation and physical degradation. The third part addresses remediation, including strategies and techniques to investigate the ground and remediation measures.Finally, issues of land protection are outlined and a general strategy of sustainable land management are discussed. With a firm basis in soil science and allied subjects, this book provides an eminently readable and thoughtful introduction for anyone in the area of land remediation, whether as a professional seeking an overview or a student requiring a broad perspective.Trade Review'... a good point where to start and a sounding bell for those who are or will be in the position to act directly on the land. It bridges the gap between different subjects, different technical subjects and scientific knowledge. ... the book can be quite useful in introducing researchers and professionals, and especially students in engineering and environmental geology to the concepts of sustainability.' Science Direct'... one of the book's positive features is its 'reader-friendly' approach. It provides clear explanations of the situation; describes the problems; provides breif summaries of the fundamentals of soil mechanics and hydraulic properties; and gives some useful information on rocks. ... provides the reader with valuable background information... A wide selection of case studies ... the author has excelled in giving symptomatic examples ... The readable case histories ... make the book pleasant reading, and bring scientific and engineering knowledge close to the reader...' Land Contamination & ReclamationTable of ContentsIntroduction. Part I: Natural Ground: Profiles; Functions; Properties. Part II: Degraded Land: Erosion; Chemical degradation; Physical degradation. Part III: Remediation of Land: Investigation; Remediation; protection. References. Index

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Book SynopsisOur heritage is rooted in local cultures and environments. However, does modern communication and its international bias now threaten regional integrity? How do we combine global awareness with practical local action, and can heritage be exported from one place to another like Euro Disney? Also, how will future cultural and environmental policies be influenced by the principle of subsidiarity and Article 128 of the Maastricht Treaty? These are some of the questions and issues to be discussed by contributors from the Heritage Convention, and to be included in this collection of papers. Drawn from papers presented at The Robert Gordon University Heritage Convention in 1995, this volume addresses a range of questions and explores issues critical to the sustained use of the Earth's heritage and economic benefit of local communities.Table of ContentsSurvival and wilderness - a global dilemma, Nicholas Luard; globalization of the media - the impact on national cultures, Magnus Linklater; mickeying with the muses - Disney World and regional identity, William Tramposch; sustaining cultural identities - community arts in the United States, Lynne Williamson; why the arts matter, Lord Gowrie; axe the Arts Council - a threadbare figleaf, Robert Hewison; leave the Arts Council alone - a response to Robert Hewison, Lord Gowrie; the cultural potency of sport - a neglected heritage asset, Terry Stevens; the heritage consumers - identity and affiliations in Scotland, Angela Morris et al; clergyman and merchant - an iconography of the Dutch, Frans Schouten; the outdoor Viking - how the Norwegians do it, Per Freyland Pallesen; rural versus urban - environmental perceptions in Malta, Alexander Borg; routes to cultural identity - a European system of networks, Michel Thomas-Penette; silk and textile routes - Council of Europe cultural itineraries, Moira Stevenson; on the trail of music - origins of the Scottish triple pipes, John Purser; on the trail of folk furniture - a Highland heritage shared across the seas, Ross Noble; the North Sea highway - cultural arena or political barrier, Martin Carver; access to a nation's assets - challenges for Scottish tourism policy, Gordon Adams; access to our natural heritage - a new framework for Scotland, Roger Crofts; the freedom to roam - a cultural and economic asset, Robert Gordon Reid; natural heritage zones - a new approach in Scotland, Roger Crofts; harnessing heritage assets - the challenge facing local government, Peter Peacock; museums from the ground up - a community approach to development, Graham Watson; on the other side of sorrow - nature and people in the Scottish Highlands, James Hunter; beyond the memories - drawing strength from the diaspora, John Alec MacPherson; Scots Gaelic as a tourism asset, Roy Pedersen; mair licht on the mither tongue - Scots as a national language, Billy Kay. (Part contents)

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Book SynopsisIdeas and concepts in sedimentology are changing rapidly but fundamental field work and data collection remain the basis of the science. This book is intended as a guide to the recognition and description of sedimentary rocks in the field. It aims to help the geologist know what to observe and record and how best to interpret this data. The emphasis is on illustrating the principal types of sedimentary rocks and the book contains over 400 superb colour photos and drawings. The introductory chapter defines the main types of sedimentary rock and their initial recognition, followed by a section highlighting safety in the field. The author goes on to describe the main field techniques and provides a comprehensive summary of the principal characteristics of sedimentary rocks. There is a chapter on each of the main rock types and on how to interpret facies and their features in terms of depositional environments and economic significance. This book is of value to students, amateur enthusiasts and professional geologists.Trade ReviewA much needed addition to the literature of sedimentology…the photographic images are impeccable…contains a grain size comparator chart at the front and a sediment description checklist at the back…as a tool in the field kit this book is excellent for professional geologists, teachers, students and amateur enthusiasts.—Sedimentary GeologyDeserves to be in the Christmas stocking of every earth sciences student in the land - and further afield…plaudits will undoubtedly accumulate for this book…the production values are also quite exceptional and the whole design and production team at Mansons deserve our warmest congratulations…tells students everything they need to keep in mind when they are examining and describing sedimentary rocks.—The Palaeontological Association NewsletterAn excellent and really beautiful book…More than a field guide.—Journal of Sedimentary ResearchTable of ContentsField techniques. Principal characteristics of sedimentary rocks. Conglomerates. Sandstones. Mudrocks. Carbonate rocks. Cherts and Siliceous sediments. Phosphorites. Coal. Evaporites. Ironstones. Soils, palesols and duricrusts. Volcaniclastic sediments. Interpretation: depositional environment and economic significance.

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Book SynopsisThis illuminating new book presents a series of in-depth case studies from around the world based on numerous personal interviews with organizational leaders and focusing on their journey towards sustainability. The aim is to provide visions of a more sustainable future, and shed light on the path, milestones and solutions – in particular the management processes these organizations employed – to provide a reliable compass that others can follow. Although each organization must take steps to fit its particular circumstance, business conditions and culture, Mapping the Journey proves that valuable lessons can be learned by setting aside critique as to where these organizations may yet make progress and instead focusing on the guidelines, targets, measures of success, tools and techniques and valuable wisdom about how pioneer organisations are travelling toward a prosperous, sustainable future. Each organization included has crafted its own unique strategic responses to an identified need for increased sustainability. While none can be said to have reached the end-point of a sustainable development strategy, all have found that, by addressing the challenge of sustainable industrial practices, they have found innovative solutions, new opportunities for revenue generation, better relationships with customers, new business and product opportunities and a boost to morale from the executive ranks to front-line employees. Mapping the Journey examines both public and private organizations worldwide: SJ Rail of Sweden; Sony Corporation; SC Johnson; TransAlta Corporation; Patagonia; Henkel; Volvo; ASG; Interface Flooring Systems; Suncor; DaimlerChrysler; AssiDoman; Germany's Centre for Technology Assessment and the Dutch National Environmental Policy Plan. These case studies provide an inspiring framework of effective processes for defining a sustainable development strategy and transforming it successfully into actions and results.Trade ReviewEach case study is an in-depth analysis of the context, motivations for change, steps to implementation, processes and people involved. The presentation is clear, factual, free of hype and clearly referenced ... This book has the potential to become a standard textbook for corporate management and for anyone interested in industry and sustainable development. - Tomorrow magazine An inspiring framework on how to define a sustainable development strategy and translate it into strategy, action, and results. - The Green Business Letter Stimulating; interesting; and challenging in parts. A definite buy for business leaders and managers – primarily to get them thinking about what they and their companies have to add to the 'journey'. - Social and Environmental Accounting At last! A book with some real, live information on how the international companies have approached the journey of implementing sustainable development programmes ... packed with useful ideas for industry leaders and managers. - Eagle Bulletin Well written and incisive, this work is a useful tool for those considering their own stance on sustainability issues. - Community Affairs Briefing The worlds of business and indigenous knowledge do not often interact, unless there is a conflict over natural resources. Certainly, indigenous knowledge (IK) research is rarely encountered on business management book shelves ... perhaps by reading more books like Mapping the Journey, we will discover the need for increased multi-disciplinary interaction. Perhaps there is value inviting CEOs and business researchers to learn from our detailed map of the global IK experience. - Indigenous Knowledge Monitor... innovative solutions which will prove inspirational to others. - Warmer BulletinTable of ContentsCase 1: Volvo. Strategic action toward sustainable mobility for society Case 2: AssiDoman. Foresters integrating dual goals of economy and environment Case 3: Patagonia. First ascents: finding the way toward quality of life and work Case 4: Interface Flooring Systems. Driving industrial standards higher Case 5: Sony. Operationalising the slogan 'Entertaining the world: caring for the environment' Case 6: ASG. Trailblazing toward sustainable logistics and transport Case 7: SC Johnson. Eco-efficiency and beyond Case 8: DaimlerChrysler. Redefining cost Case 9: Center for Technology Assessment. Pursuing regional approaches to qualitative growth and sustainability Case 10: Henkel. Traditional values and ecological leadership Case 11: SJ Rail. Turnaround to sustainable transport for the 21st century Case 12: TransAlta. New terrain: reducing greenhouse gas emissions Case 13: The Netherlands National Environmental Policy Plan. Developing sustainable industrial strategy Case 14: Suncor. Taking stakeholder relations to a new level

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Book SynopsisThis title examines the role of privatization, technology and multi-sectoral partnerships to provide answers to one of the most pressing environmental and social problems of the twenty-first century how to provide access to safe drinking water and adequate sanitation for some 2 billion of the world's poor in the next 15 years.Trade Review...The Business of Water and Sustainable Development ... ranges over many issues such as smart metering, ecological sanitation in developing countries, demand management and water pricing. There are five parts: 1. General theory; 2. Privatization; 3. Technology and regionally focussed case studies; 4. on the rural environment; and 5. on the urban environment. The first part on theory discusses what is perhaps the most thorny issue relating to water: whether it is a good or a right. Should water be free? The answer the book provides is No stating that such a right would be worthless when the river runs dry. The five chapters under the part on privatization show no clear cut agreement for and against but conclude that the private sector has significant role to play and that the negative effects of private sector involvement need to be carefully managed. The part on technology has chapters on geothermal energy for desalination, dry sanitation options, water metering and water for isolated communities. Broken hand pumps litter South Africa because the local population cannot repair and maintain them. Sustainable technology means the local communities must be able to maintain equipment. Low tech solutions are just as important as high tech solutions. The part on case studies discusses how important it is to deal with social systems and agricultural reforms. For example, certain crop species in Mediterranean areas require too much water for irrigation and should not be subsidized. Reasonable access to basic safe water is defined by the World Health Organization as 20 litres of clean water per capita from a source within 1 km. of the person's home. The editors, Jonathan Chenoweth and Juliet Bird have attempted to show how meeting the Millennium Declaration of the UN General Assembly (2000) to halve the proportion of people with no access to safe drinking water can be met * The Gallon Environment Letter Vol. 10 No. 17 (3 October 2005) *Table of ContentsIntroduction Jonathan Chenoweth, University of Surrey, UK, and Juliet Bird, University of Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaPart 1: General theory1. Incorporating demand-side information into water utility operations and planning Steven Renzetti, Brock University, Canada2. The price of water: Separating the natural from the optimal in water supply – ensuring the broadest community access to safe water Daniel Terrill, ACIL Tasman, Australia3. Balancing the cost implications and benefits of compliance with advanced risk analysis Davide Bixio, Chris Thoeye and Greet De Gueldre, Aquafin NV, Belgium4. Environmental management with the balanced scorecard: A case study of the Berlin Water Company, Germany Carl-Ulrich Gminder, Institute for Economy and the Environment, SwitzerlandPart 2: Privatisation5. The private sector and service extensionDavid Lloyd Owen, Envisager, UK6. Private-sector participation in water and sanitation reviewed: Insights from new institutional economics Dieter Rothenberger and Bernhard Truffer, Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Switzerland7. Ownership and performance of water utilities Steven Renzetti and Diane Dupont, Brock University, Canada8. The involvement of the private sector in water servicing: Effects on the urban poor in the case of Aguascalientes, MexicoLeslie Morris, Consultant, Canada, and Luis Fernando Gallardo Cabrera, IMPLAN, Mexico9. Joint-use municipal–industrial infrastructure: An innovative approach to expanding urban water services in the developing world Jennifer Bremer, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA, and Steven Nebiker, Hydrologics Inc., USAPart 3: Technology 10. Autonomous water supply of a remote island community: The case of geothermal water desalination on Milos, Greece Thomas Nowak, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany11. Ecological sanitation: Reaching for the MDGs Mayling Simpson-Hebert, Catholic Relief Services, Regional Office, Kenya, Arno Rosemarin, Stockholm Environment Institute, Sweden, and Uno Winblad, Kyoto University, Japan12. A measured step toward sustainability for rural water supply: One metering strategy that works Eric Johnson, Aquasanitas, USA13. Sustainable water supply for a remote rural community in Mozambique: Oxfam Australia and the Chicomo Rural Development Project Elizabeth Mann, Oxfam Australia Part 4: Regionally focused case studies: Rural environments 14. Indigenous people, women and water: The importance of local knowledge for project planning in an African context Fenda A. Akiwumi, Texas State University, USA15. The commitment of the chlorine industry to sustainable societies: A partnership case study in Guatemala C.T. 'Kip' Howlett Jr, Chlorine Chemistry Council, USA16. Water-pricing policies and the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC: A first approach concerning the agricultural sector in the Axios River Basin Konstantinos Sarantakos and Elias Dimitriou, Institute of Inland Waters, Greece, and Areti Kontogianni and Michalis Skourtos, University of the Aegean, Greece17. Reducing water and sanitation backlogs in rural areas: Umgeni Water's response as an implementing agent within KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa David A. Stephen, Umgeni Water, South Africa Part 5: Regionally focused case studies: Urban environments18. The demand-side versus the supply-side approach: The case for sustainable management of water supply in developing countries Lingappan Venkatachalam, Institute for Social and Economic Change, India19. Water supply in Singapore: Challenges and choices Kim Chuan Goh, National Institute of Education, Singapore

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Book SynopsisNow in its third edition, this dictionary contains 3,400 key terms, words, and phrases used in the day-to-day practice of project management. Along with traditional project management terms, it includes broader business terms to help seasoned managers and their successors navigate more easily the ubiquitous language of project-speak. Within the book, readers find the meaning of hundreds of technical terms and acronyms, with each entry providing important insight into some aspect of project management.

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