Energy, power generation, distribution and storage Books
Theschoolbook.com Design Aspects of Power Transformers and Reactors
£13.59
2QT Publishing Services Hazardous Areas For Technicians
£14.50
2QT Publishing Services Motors and Control in Hazardous Areas
£21.05
Momentum Press Renewable Power and Energy, Volume II: Wind and Thermal Systems
Book SynopsisPhotovoltaic power systems are becoming a significant source of energy in our energy resource mix today. It is essential these systems are reliable, safe and secure. Precise engineering design is required to insure these new power systems meet these requirements. In particular, interconnected systems with existing utility power systems must operate in synchronism and improve overall quality of the electrical power grid. This book is intended to identify and explain engineering procedures for the design and operation of photovoltaic systems. It includes a review of conventional electrical power systems as implemented in the United States and common to all electrical systems throughout the world and introduces other types of renewable energy systems. The heart of the book is focused on the design of interconnected and stand-alone PV systems–battery storage is becoming an integral part of PV systems, and a significant portion of the text is dedicated to energy storage for stand-alone and back-up power systems. The author also highlights how economics and structural considerations are an essential part of the engineering design process.
£40.80
Faraday Press Transfer Functions of Switching Converters
£110.46
Blue Rock Station LLC Designing and Installing Solar PV Systems:
Book Synopsis
£75.95
Faraday Press The Fast Track to Determining Transfer Functions of Linear Circuits: The Student Guide
£59.46
Faraday Press Simulating Switching Converters with LTspice
£26.96
Springer Nature Switzerland AG High-Efficient Low-Cost Photovoltaics: Recent
Book SynopsisThis book offers a bird’s-eye view of the recent development trends in photovoltaics – a big business field that is rapidly growing and well on its way to maturity. The book describes current efforts to develop highly efficient, low-cost photovoltaic devices based on crystalline silicon, III–V compounds, copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) and perovskite photovoltaic cells along with innovative, cost-competitive glass/ flexible tubular glass concentrator modules and systems, highlighting recent attempts to develop highly efficient, low-cost, flexible photovoltaic cells based on CIGS and perovskite thin films. This second edition presents, for the first time, the possible applications of perovskite modules together with Augsburger Tubular photovoltaics.Table of ContentsPreface.- Milestones of Solar Conversion and Photovoltaics.- PV as a Major Contribution of the 100% Renewably Powered World.- Advanced Solar Grade Silicon Material.- Commercial High Efficient Silicon Solar Cells.- Silicon Nitride and Aluminum Oxide: Two Multifunctional Dielectric Layers are Boosting Present and Future Silicon Solar Cells.- PERC Solar Cells - Monofacial and Bifacial.- Industrial PERC Solar Cells.- III-V SolarCells and Concentrator Arrays.- CIGS Thin Film Photovoltaic – Approaches and Challenges.- Perovskite PV: Rigid and Flexible High Efficient Low Cost Cells and Modules.- Augsburger Tubular PV.- Fluorescent Solar Energy Concentrators: Principle and Present State of Development.
£113.99
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Thin Film and Flexible Thermoelectric Generators,
Book SynopsisThis book presents and facilitates new research and development results with hot topics in the thermoelectric generators (TEGs) field. Topics include: novel thin film; multilayer, composite and nanostructured thermoelectric materials; simulation of phenomena related to thermoelectricity; thermoelectric thin film and multilayer materials manufacturing technologies; measurement techniques for characterization; thermoelectric generators; and the simulation, modeling, design, thermal, and mechanical degradation problems. This book helps researchers tackle the challenges that still remain in creating cheap and effective TEGs and presents the latest trends and technologies in development and production of advanced thermoelectric generation devices.Table of ContentsNovel thin film and multilayer thermoelectric materials.- Simulation of phenomena related to thermoelectricity.- Thermoelectric thin film and multilayer materials manufacturing technologies.- Measurement techniques for Characterization thin film and multilayer materials and devices.- Thermolectric generators simulation, modeling, and design.- Thermal and mechanical degradation problems in prospective thin film and multilayer thermoeclectric materials and TEG modules.
£54.99
Springer Nature Switzerland AG A Holistic Solution for Smart Grids based on LINK– Paradigm: Architecture, Energy Systems Integration, Volt/var Chain Process
Book SynopsisThis book presents a holistic solution for Smart Grids that includes the electricity: producers, electricity storages, grids, market and customer plants. The authors have derived the architectural paradigm for Smart Grids LINK from the signature of their fractal structure. The presented LINK-based holistic architecture enables the large-scale integration of distributed energy resources by minimising the data to be exchanged, thus considering privacy and cyber security by design. The straightforwardness of LINK-Solution is related to its standardised structures, enabling the coupling of energy and non-energy sectors and Energy Communities. The Volt/var chain control as one of the most challenging operation processes of Smart Grids is covered in detail in this edition. Chapter by chapter, the reader is smoothly introduced to this unique solution, facilitating its practical implementation. This book is a valuable resource for experts, consultants, engineers, scientists, and students in the Smart Grids area and actors of the electricity market and politicians.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Holistic architecture.- Energy Systems Integration.- Volt/var chain process.
£39.99
£65.55
Springer International Publishing AG Mathematical Modeling of Lithium Batteries: From Electrochemical Models to State Estimator Algorithms
Book Synopsis This book is unique to be the only one completely dedicated for battery modeling for all components of battery management system (BMS) applications. The contents of this book compliment the multitude of research publications in this domain by providing coherent fundamentals. An explosive market of Li ion batteries has led to aggressive demand for mathematical models for battery management systems (BMS). Researchers from multi-various backgrounds contribute from their respective background, leading to a lateral growth. Risk of this runaway situation is that researchers tend to use an existing method or algorithm without in depth knowledge of the cohesive fundamentals—often misinterpreting the outcome. It is worthy to note that the guiding principles are similar and the lack of clarity impedes a significant advancement. A repeat or even a synopsis of all the applications of battery modeling albeit redundant, would hence be a mammoth task, and cannot be done in a single offering. The authors believe that a pivotal contribution can be made by explaining the fundamentals in a coherent manner. Such an offering would enable researchers from multiple domains appreciate the bedrock principles and forward the frontier.Battery is an electrochemical system, and any level of understanding cannot ellipse this premise. The common thread that needs to run across—from detailed electrochemical models to algorithms used for real time estimation on a microchip—is that it be physics based. Build on this theme, this book has three parts. Each part starts with developing a framework—often invoking basic principles of thermodynamics or transport phenomena—and ends with certain verified real time applications. The first part deals with electrochemical modeling and the second with model order reduction. Objective of a BMS is estimation of state and health, and the third part is dedicated for that. Rules for state observers are derived from a generic Bayesian framework, and health estimation is pursued using machine learning (ML) tools. A distinct component of this book is thorough derivations of the learning rules for the novel ML algorithms. Given the large-scale application of ML in various domains, this segment can be relevant to researchers outside BMS domain as well.The authors hope this offering would satisfy a practicing engineer with a basic perspective, and a budding researcher with essential tools on a comprehensive understanding of BMS models.Table of ContentsLithium batteries and underlying electrochemical processes.- Electrochemical model (EM) for lithium batteries.- Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) models.- Equivalent circuit models (ECM).- Reduced order models.- Battery management system – state estimator and algorithms.- Battery thermal models.- Battery life models.
£54.99
Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. KG Lithium-Ion Batteries: Basics and Applications
Book SynopsisThe handbook focuses on a complete outline of lithium-ion batteries. Just before starting with an exposition of the fundamentals of this system, the book gives a short explanation of the newest cell generation. The most important elements are described as negative / positive electrode materials, electrolytes, seals and separators. The battery disconnect unit and the battery management system are important parts of modern lithium-ion batteries. An economical, faultless and efficient battery production is a must today and is represented with one chapter in the handbook. Cross-cutting issues like electrical, chemical, functional safety are further topics. Last but not least standards and transportation themes are the final chapters of the handbook. The different topics of the handbook provide a good knowledge base not only for those working daily on electrochemical energy storage, but also to scientists, engineers and students concerned in modern battery systems.Table of ContentsPart I Outline of energy storage systems.- Part II Lithium-Ion Batteries and their elements.- Part III Production of modern batteries.- Part IV Cross-cutting issues.- Part V Applications of Lithium-Ion Batteries and their demands.
£123.49
Narrative Landscape Press And the Lights Dimmed
£13.29
Bounce Rank Cobalt Investing Outlook
£7.99
Elsevier Science Publishing Co Inc Power Quality in Power Systems Electrical
Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Introduction to Power Quality 2. Harmonic Models of Transformers 3. Modeling and Analysis of Induction Machines 4. Modeling and Analysis of Synchronous Machines 5. Performance of Power-Electronic Drives with Respect to Speed and Torque 6. Interaction of Harmonics with Capacitors 7. Lifetime Reduction of Transformers and Induction Machines 8. Power System Modeling under Nonsinusoidal Operating Conditions 9. Impact of Poor Power Quality on Reliability, Relaying and Security 10. The Roles of Filters in Power Systems and Unified Power Quality Conditioners 11. Optimal Placement and Sizing of Shunt Capacitor Banks in the Presence of Harmonics 12. Power Quality Solutions for Renewable Energy Systems
£114.30
Taylor & Francis Inc Condition Monitoring and Faults Diagnosis of
Book SynopsisThe book covers various issues related to machinery condition monitoring, signal processing and conditioning, instrumentation and measurements, faults for induction motors failures, new trends in condition monitoring, and the fault identification process using motor currents electrical signature analysis. It aims to present a new non-invasive and non-intrusive condition monitoring system, which has the capability to detect various defects in induction motor at incipient stages within an arbitrary noise conditions. The performance of the developed system has been analyzed theoretically and experimentally under various loading conditions of the motor. Covers current and new approaches applied to fault diagnosis and condition monitoring. Integrates concepts and practical implementation of electrical signature analysis. Utilizes LabVIEW tool for condition monitoring problems. Incorporates real-world case studies.Table of Contents1. Introduction to Condition Monitoring of Electrical Machines 2. Background on Condition Monitoring Techniques 3. Noninvasive Methods for Motor Fault Diagnosis 4. Design and Development of a Noninvasive Condition Monitoring System 5. Faults Analysis and Evaluations via IPA and PVA Methods 6. Summary on Noninvasive Electrical Signature Analysis Methods: IPA and PVA
£137.75
Taylor & Francis Inc Systems Modeling and Computer Simulation 94
Book SynopsisThis second edition describes the fundamentals of modelling and simulation of continuous-time, discrete time, discrete-event and large-scale systems. Coverage new to this edition includes: a chapter on non-linear systems analysis and modelling, complementing the treatment of of continuous-time and discrete-time systems; and a chapter on the computer animation and visualization of dynamical systems motion.;College or university bookstores may order five or more copies at a special student price, available on request from Marcel Dekker Inc.Table of ContentsMotivation and overview; continuous-time and discrete-time systems; nonlinear systems analysis and modelling; computer simulation; computer visualization of dynamic system motion; discrete-event systems; manufacturing systems - modelling and simulation; robotic systems and automation; principles of design and analysis of simulation experiments; computer-aided control system design - techniques and tools; digital control systems; hardware and implementation; microprocessor systems; introduction to large-scale systems; concepts of power system modelling and simulation; world modelling - concepts and applications; economic systems.
£999.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd Finite Element Analyses of Eddy Current Effects
Book SynopsisEddy currents, soâcalled owing to their general shape like eddies, manifest as induced currents in all metallic â magnetic or nonâmagnetic â regions exposed to time varying or generally alternating magnetic fields whether of power or higher frequencies. It is imperative to apply appropriate analyses to assess the magnitude and consequences of induced eddy currents as required. Therefore, book aims at a comprehensive study of various aspects of eddy currents, from a detailed account of the basic phenomenon to their utilization in various applications, and their detrimental effects, esp. in large Turbogenerators. It gives detailed description of the finiteâelement technique(s) developed by the author to analyse the steadyâstate and transient heating of key regions of turbogenerators of ratings from 120 MW to 500 MW when exposed to negativeâsequence currents under unbalanced fault conditions.Table of ContentsEddy Currents. The Eddy Currents. Eddy-current and Power Loss. Utilisation of Eddy Currents. Eddy Currents and Turbogenerators. Finite Elements for Eddy Current Analyses. Finite Elements: General. Finite Element Solution of Representative Problems. Finite Elements for Turbogenerator Problems. Finite Element Analysis Applied to Turbogenerators. Finite Element Analysis of Eddy Currents in TGs and Temperature Rise. The Model Turbogenerator– General. The Model Turbogenerator – Representative Studies. Case Studies of Large Turbogenerators. Appendices. References and Bibliography. Subject Index. Author Index.
£171.00
Taylor & Francis Inc Modern Predictive Control
Book SynopsisModern Predictive Control explains how MPC differs from other control methods in its implementation of a control action. Most importantly, MPC provides the flexibility to act while optimizingwhich is essential to the solution of many engineering problems in complex plants, where exact modeling is impossible. The superiority of MPC is in its numerical solution. Usually, MPC is employed to solve a finite-horizon optimal control problem at each sampling instant and obtain control actions for both the present time and a future period. However, only the current control move is applied to the plant.This complete, step-by-step exploration of various approaches to MPC: Introduces basic concepts of systems, modeling, and predictive control, detailing development from classical MPC to synthesis approaches Explores use of Model Algorithmic Control (MAC), Dynamic Matrix Control (DMC), Generalized PredicTable of ContentsSystems, modeling and model predictive control. Model algorithmic control (MAC). Dynamic matrix control (DMC). Generalized predictive control (GPC). Two-step model predictive control. Sketch of synthesis approaches of MPC. State feedback synthesis approaches. Synthesis approaches with finite switching horizon. Open-loop optimization and closed-loop optimization in synthesis approaches. Output feedback synthesis approaches. Bibliography. Index.
£180.50
Taylor & Francis Inc Embedded Systems Handbook
Book SynopsisOffers an introduction to embedded systems design and verification. This book provides a comprehensive overview of embedded processors and various aspects of system-on-chip and FPGA. It explores power-aware embedded computing, design issues specific to secure embedded systems, and web services for embedded devices.Trade Review… This first volume of the handbook is an in-depth survey of embedded systems design and verification. This volume is essential reading especially for novices in this field for it provides a framework for the discussion of the design issues of embedded systems, formal methods, embedded systems architectures and security as well as web services. Also, the book may be highly recommended for professionals as well as lecturers and students of academic courses on the rapidly progressing field of networks-on-chips.—Zentralblatt MATH 1186Table of ContentsSystem-Level Design and Verification. Embedded Processors and System-on-Chip Design. Embedded System Security and Web Services. Index.
£142.50
Taylor & Francis Inc Gaseous Electronics
Book SynopsisWith the constant emergence of new research and application possibilities, gaseous electronics is more important than ever in disciplines including engineering (electrical, power, mechanical, electronics, and environmental), physics, and electronics. The first resource of its kind, Gaseous Electronics: Tables, Atoms, and Molecules fulfills the author's vision of a stand-alone reference to condense 100 years of research on electron-neutral collision data into one easily searchable volume. It presents mostif not allof the properly classified experimental results that scientists, researchers, and students require for a theoretical and practical understanding of collision properties and their impact.An unprecedented collection and analysis of electron neutral collision propertiesThis book follows a new user-friendly format that enables readers to easily retrieve, analyze, and apply specific atomic/molecular informatiTrade Review"Readers working in the areas of plasma processing or plasma/arc related technology will find this book a useful reference source for values of various plasma parameters. … a very useful reference book for hard-to-find information on gaseous electronic parameters."—IEEE Electrical Insulation MagazineTable of ContentsSingle atom. 2 atoms. 3 atoms. 4 atoms. 5 atoms. 6 atoms. 7 atoms. 8 atoms. 9 atoms. 10 atoms. 11 atoms. 12 atoms. More than 12 atoms. Gas mixtures.
£237.50
Taylor & Francis Inc Energy Intermittency
Book SynopsisThe first book to consider intermittency as a key point of an energy system, Energy Intermittency describes different levels of variability for traditional and renewable energy sources, presenting detailed solutions for handling energy intermittency through trade, collaboration, demand management, and active energy storage. Addressing energy supply intermittency systematically, this practical text: Analyzes typical time-distributions and intervals between episodes of demand-supply mismatch and explores their dependence on system layouts and energy source characteristics Simulates scenarios regarding resource time-flow, energy conversion devices, and demand structure to assist in evaluating the technical viability of the proposed solutions Discusses the conditions for establishing such systems in terms of economic requirements and regulatory measures In one concise and convenient volume, Energy Intermittency provides a comprehensivTrade Review"Traditional energy people use the word 'intermittency' as an epithet, a drawback that fatally compromises energy innovation. Professor Sorensen shows, with many persuasive examples, that intermittency is actually characteristic of how we use energy. He demonstrates that practical measures to address intermittency may be a crucial aspect of our transition to a more stable, reliable global energy system."—Walt Patterson, Chatham House, London, UK"[This book is] unique in the sense that intermittency has (to my knowledge) not earlier been the central issue of a book. It has rather been treated sporadically as one of many issues related to renewable energy, but not gotten the in-depth treatment that it deserves. … [This book is] appropriate, useful, and valuable for research and education within the ‘new’ energy technologies. It covers a relatively unexplored area between several disciplines and that could make it interesting to a broad audience."—Claus Nygaard Rasmussen, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby"If we are to move to a sustainable energy future, then we will need to find ways to balance variable renewable supplies and variable demand. This book provides a straightforward guide to the technical options, along with some breathtaking and original case studies on how China, Korea, and Japan might meet their energy needs using renewable energy sources. ... With admirable clarity, this book shows how intermittency can be dealt with by a mix of system management techniques, energy storage, and energy trading arrangements. ... This on its own is a very timely contribution to the energy debate, but the book goes further and develops a series of original case studies on sustainable energy plans for...countries which might otherwise be trapped in fossil and nuclear fuel-based futures."—David Elliott, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK"This is...the first book to consider intermittency as a basic point of an energy system. [Also] highlighted in the book is population density—a parameter often missed in texts concerning energy policy. ... The author does not limit his analysis of intermittency to energy storage. He integrates energy storage with interconnections among different countries and with energy demand management. ... The perspective is [to use] a mix...dependent on the specific situation in terms of the kind and amount of energy sources available, of per-capita energy demand, and of population density. To this concern, some countries are analyzed in detail with interesting conclusions."—Giuseppe Spazzafumo, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, ItalyTable of ContentsIntroduction. Intermittency Dependence on Type of Energy System. Timescales Relevant for the Intermittency of Individual Energy Sources. Using Case Studies to Explore the Options. Power-Line Interchange. Pipeline Interchange. Other Trade Options. System-Integrated Storage. Storage in Dedicated Facilities. Decentralized Storage. Load Management. Using Grids to Transmit Information. Systemic Transitions. Final Remarks. Appendix.
£80.74
Taylor & Francis Inc Opportunistic Networking
Book SynopsisOpportunistic networking, by definition, allows devices to communicate whenever a window of opportunity is available. Many emerging technologies employ opportunistic exchanges of information. This book addresses this trend in communications engineering, taking into account three specific areasvehicular, device-to-device (D2D), and cognitive radiowhile describing the opportunistic communication methods of each. From smart homes to smart cities, smart agriculture to never-die-networks and beyond, the text explores the state of the art of opportunistic networking, providing the latest research, developments, and practices in one concise source.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Opportunistic Networking and Applications. Mobile Ad hoc Networks: Rapidly Deployable Emergency Communications. Opportunistic Vehicular Communications. Routing Protocols in Opportunistic Networks. Smart Environments: Exploiting Passive RFID Technology for Indoor Localization. Smart Homes: Practical Guidelines. Smart Agriculture based on Wireless Sensor Networks. Cognitive Radio Networks. Never Die Network: A Perspective of Opportunistic Networks.
£99.75
Taylor & Francis Inc Electric Field Analysis
Book SynopsisElectric Field Analysis is both a student-friendly textbook and a valuable tool for engineers and physicists engaged in the design work of high-voltage insulation systems. The text begins by introducing the physical and mathematical fundamentals of electric fields, presenting problems from power and dielectric engineering to show how the theories are put into practice. The book then describes various techniques for electric field analysis and their significance in the validation of numerically computed results, as well as: Discusses finite difference, finite element, charge simulation, and surface charge simulation methods for the numerical computation of electric fields Provides case studies for electric field distribution in a cable termination, around a post insulator, in a condenser bushing, and around a gas-insulated substation (GIS) spacer Explores numerical field calculation for electric field optimization, demonstrating contour correctioTrade Review"… very useful to teachers and students in classes on applications of the theory, numerical analyses, and practice of using the electric field for practical electric power applications that benefit mankind, such as avoiding electrical breakdown in high-voltage systems. … The book begins at the senior undergraduate level in developing the fundamentals of electric field physics and applications, … [and] then continues on to advanced numerical methods valuable to graduate students and practitioners."—Markus Zahn, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA "… gives clear and precise description of the state of the art in electric field analysis. … the book comes along with software for the computation of capacitive as well as capacitive-resistive electric fields."Prof. Dr.-Ing. Josef Kindersberger, Technische Universität München, Institute for High Voltage Engineering and Switchgear Technology"A unique book for understanding electric fields and its computation with particular emphasis to problems and configurations typically encountered by high voltage engineers while designing and building power apparatus and electric insulation systems. The coverage is comprehensive, up to date, and spans the entire spectrum thus making it an ideal book for both undergraduate and graduate students." —Professor L. Satish, HV Lab, Dept of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore "This is a very intriguing book, because it adds a great deal of practical insight into otherwise cold and lifeless equations and theory. It was a pleasure to review it and enjoy many of the applied examples using the theory presented in the first part of the book." —IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, May/June 2016 Table of ContentsFundamentals of Electric Field. Gauss’s Law and Related Topics. Orthogonal Coordinate Systems. Single-Dielectric Configurations. Dielectric Polarization. Electrostatic Boundary Conditions. Multi-Dielectric Configurations. Electrostatic Pressures on Boundary Surfaces. Method of Images. Sphere or Cylinder in Uniform External Field. Conformal Mapping. Graphical Field Plotting. Numerical Computation of Electric Field. Numerical Computation of High-Voltage Field by Finite Difference Method. Numerical Computation of High-Voltage Field by Finite Element Method. Numerical Computation of High-Voltage Field by Charge Simulation Method. Numerical Computation of High-Voltage Field by Surface Charge Simulation Method. Numerical Computation of Electric Field in High-Voltage System - Case Studies. Electric Field Optimization.
£147.25
Taylor & Francis Inc EventBased Control and Signal Processing
Book SynopsisEvent-based systems are a class of reactive systems deployed in a wide spectrum of engineering disciplines including control, communication, signal processing, and electronic instrumentation. Activities in event-based systems are triggered in response to events usually representing a significant change of the state of controlled or monitored physical variables. Event-based systems adopt a model of calls for resources only if it is necessary, and therefore, they are characterized by efficient utilization of communication bandwidth, computation capability, and energy budget. Currently, the economical use of constrained technical resources is a critical issue in various application domains because many systems become increasingly networked, wireless, and spatially distributed.Event-Based Control and Signal Processing examines the event-based paradigm in control, communication, and signal processing, with a focus on implementation in networked sensor and control Trade Review"This book is a good example of a publication that is written to help the curious reader learn fundamental and advanced material on the topics of event-based control and signal processing. It contains several views on these subjects, explained in focused chapters that use a clear language and that keep mathematical explanations at a reasonable level of complexity. Overall, [this book provides] a very good starting point for learning event-based control and signal processing."—Paolo Carbone, University of Perugia, Italy"This book is a good example of a publication that is written to help the curious reader learn fundamental and advanced material on the topics of event-based control and signal processing. It contains several views on these subjects, explained in focused chapters that use a clear language and that keep mathematical explanations at a reasonable level of complexity. Overall, [this book provides] a very good starting point for learning event-based control and signal processing."—Paolo Carbone, University of Perugia, ItalyTable of ContentsEvent-Based Control: Introduction and Survey. Event-Driven Control and Optimization in Hybrid Systems. Reducing Communication by Event-Triggered Sampling. Event-Triggered versus Time-Triggered Real-Time Systems: A Comparative Study. Distributed Event-Based State-Feedback Control. Periodic Event-Triggered Control. Decentralized Event-Triggered Controller Implementations. Event-Based Generalized Predictive Control. Model-Based Event-Triggered Control of Networked Systems. Self-Triggered and Team-Triggered Control of Networked Cyber-Physical Systems. Efficiently Attentive Event-Triggered Systems. Event-Based PID Control. Time-Periodic State Estimation with Event-Based Measurement Updates. Intermittent Control in Man and Machine. Event-Based Data Acquisition and Digital Signal Processing in Continuous Time. Event-Based Data Acquisition and Reconstruction—Mathematical Background. Spectral Analysis of Continuous-Time ADC and DSP. Concepts for Hardware-Efficient Implementation of Continuous-Time Digital Signal Processing. Asynchronous Processing of Nonstationary Signals. Event-Based Statistical Signal Processing. Spike Event Coding Scheme. Digital Filtering with Nonuniformly Sampled Data: From the Algorithm to the Implementation. Reconstruction of Varying Bandwidth Signals from Event-Triggered Samples.
£199.50
Taylor & Francis Inc Electromagnetics for Electrical Machines
Book SynopsisElectromagnetics for Electrical Machines offers a comprehensive yet accessible treatment of the linear theory of electromagnetics and its application to the design of electrical machines. Leveraging valuable classroom insight gained by the authors during their impressive and ongoing teaching careers, this text emphasizes concepts rather than numerical methods, providing presentation/project problems at the end of each chapter to enhance subject knowledge. Highlighting the essence of electromagnetic field (EMF) theory and its correlation with electrical machines, this book: Reviews Maxwell's equations and scalar and vector potentials Describes the special cases leading to the Laplace, Poisson's, eddy current, and wave equations Explores the utility of the uniqueness, generalized Poynting, Helmholtz, and approximation theorems Discusses the SchwarzChristoffel transformation, as well as the determination of airgap permeance AddreTrade Review"… unravels intricacies of the subject in a simple and systematic manner. … one of few books which cover a difficult subject through inquisition and using programmed concept for learning. The authors have spent considerable time in formulating the structure of the book and its contents. I think they have been successful in their attempt. There have been several books on electromagnetic fields, each one having its own flavor. However, the present book is a different attempt to teach the concept of electromagnetic field theory (EMFT), and its application to the theory and design of electrical machines. The contributions of the authors of this book in various research and scientific areas are outstanding. They are academicians who have devoted themselves to the task of educating young minds and inculcating scientific temper amongst them. I must heartily congratulate the authors for the magnificent job they have done."— Brig. (Dr.) Surjit Pabla, Vice Chancellor, Mangalayatan University, Aligarh, India "The authors of this book set out to achieve the goal of presenting electromagnetics for electrical machines in a simple and systematic manner. I think they achieve that goal. They reduce Maxwell’s equations to Laplace’s equation, Poisson’s equation, wave equation, and eddy current equation and apply them to electrical machines."— Matthew Sadiku, Prairie View A&M University"I particularly value the approach taken of developing accurate theoretical electromagnetic models for several electrical machine structures. Traditional approaches of using lumped element models for machine parts, and then trying to modify the resulting equivalent network by taking into account the effect of these elements having non-zero physical size in a piece-meal fashion do not develop the user’s basic comprehensive insight into all aspects of the electromagnetic fields which can have some effect on machine behavior."— Philip H. Alexander, Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor "… unravels intricacies of the subject in a simple and systematic manner. … one of few books which cover a difficult subject through inquisition and using programmed concept for learning. The authors have spent considerable time in formulating the structure of the book and its contents. I think they have been successful in their attempt. There have been several books on electromagnetic fields, each one having its own flavor. However, the present book is a different attempt to teach the concept of electromagnetic field theory (EMFT), and its application to the theory and design of electrical machines. The contributions of the authors of this book in various research and scientific areas are outstanding. They are academicians who have devoted themselves to the task of educating young minds and inculcating scientific temper amongst them. I must heartily congratulate the authors for the magnificent job they have done."—Brig. (Dr.) Surjit Pabla, Vice Chancellor, Mangalayatan University, Aligarh, India "… unravels intricacies of the subject in a simple and systematic manner. … one of few books which cover a difficult subject through inquisition and using programmed concept for learning. The authors have spent considerable time in formulating the structure of the book and its contents. I think they have been successful in their attempt. There have been several books on electromagnetic fields, each one having its own flavor. However, the present book is a different attempt to teach the concept of electromagnetic field theory (EMFT), and its application to the theory and design of electrical machines. The contributions of the authors of this book in various research and scientific areas are outstanding. They are academicians who have devoted themselves to the task of educating young minds and inculcating scientific temper amongst them. I must heartily congratulate the authors for the magnificent job they have done."—Brig. (Dr.) Surjit Pabla, Vice Chancellor, Mangalayatan University, Aligarh, India "The authors of this book set out to achieve the goal of presenting electromagnetics for electrical machines in a simple and systematic manner. I think they achieve that goal. They reduce Maxwell’s equations to Laplace’s equation, Poisson’s equation, wave equation, and eddy current equation and apply them to electrical machines."—Matthew Sadiku, Prairie View A&M University"I particularly value the approach taken of developing accurate theoretical electromagnetic models for several electrical machine structures. Traditional approaches of using lumped element models for machine parts, and then trying to modify the resulting equivalent network by taking into account the effect of these elements having non-zero physical size in a piece-meal fashion do not develop the user’s basic comprehensive insight into all aspects of the electromagnetic fields which can have some effect on machine behavior."—Philip H. Alexander, Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor Table of ContentsIntroduction. Review of Field Equations. Theorems, Revisited. Laplacian Fields. Eddy Currents in Magnetic Cores. Laminated-Rotor Polyphase Induction Machines. Un-Laminated Rotor Polyphase Induction Machines. Case Studies. Numerical Computation. Appendices.
£142.50
Taylor & Francis Inc Theory Design and Applications of Unmanned Aerial
Book SynopsisThis book provides a complete overview of the theory, design, and applications of unmanned aerial vehicles. It covers the basics, including definitions, attributes, manned vs. unmanned, design considerations, life cycle costs, architecture, components, air vehicle, payload, communications, data link, and ground control stations. Chapters cover types and civilian roles, sensors and characteristics, alternative power, communications and data links, conceptual design, human machine interface, sense and avoid systems, civil airspace issues and integration efforts, navigation, autonomous control, swarming, and future capabilities.Table of ContentsUAS Basics. UAS Types & Civilian Roles. UAS Sensors & Characteristics. Alternative Power. Communications & Data Links. UAS Conceptual Design. Human Machine Interface. Sense and Avoid Systems. UAS Civil Airspace Issues. Civil Airspace Integration Efforts. UAS Navigation. Autonomous Control. UAS Swarming. Future Capabilities.
£80.74
Taylor & Francis Inc Variable Speed Generators
Book SynopsisVariable Speed Generators, the second of two volumes in the Electric Generators Handbook, provides extensive coverage of variable speed generators in distributed generation and renewable energy applications around the world. The book delves into the steady state, transients, control, and design of claw-pole-rotor synchronous, induction, permanent-magnet-(PM)-assisted synchronous, and switched reluctance starter alternators for electric hybrid vehicles. It discusses PM synchronous, transverse flux PM, and flux reversal PM generators for low-speed wind and hydro energy conversion. It also explores linear motion alternators for residential and spacecraft applications. Numerous design and control examples illustrate the exposition.Fully revised and updated to reflect the last decade's worth of progress in the field, this Second EditionTable of ContentsWound-Rotor Induction Generators: Steady State. Wound-Rotor Induction Generators: Transients and Control. Wound-Rotor Induction Generators: Design and Testing. Self-Excited Induction Generators. Stator-Converter-Controlled Induction Generators. Automotive Claw-Pole-Rotor Generator Systems. Induction Starter/Alternators for Electric Hybrid Vehicles. Permanent-Magnet-Assisted Reluctance Synchronous Starter/Alternators for Electric Hybrid Vehicles. Switched Reluctance Generators and Their Control. Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator Systems. Transverse Flux and Flux Reversal Permanent Magnet Generator Systems. Linear Motion Alternators.
£166.25
Taylor & Francis Inc Fuel Cells
Book SynopsisThis book describes advanced research results on Modeling and Control designs for Fuel Cells and their hybrid energy systems. Filled with simulation examples and test results, it provides detailed discussions on Fuel Cell Modeling, Analysis, and Nonlinear control. Beginning with an introduction to Fuel Cells and Fuel Cell Power Systems, as well as the fundamentals of Fuel Cell Systems and their components, it then presents the Linear and Nonlinear modeling of Fuel Cell Dynamics. Typical approaches of Linear and Nonlinear Modeling and Control Design methods for Fuel Cells are also discussed. The authors explore the Simulink implementation of Fuel Cells, including the modeling of PEM Fuel Cells and Control Designs. They cover the applications of Fuel cells in vehicles, utility power systems, and stand-alone systems, which integrate Fuel Cells, Wind Power, and Solar Power. Mathematical preliminaries on Linear and Nonlinear Control are provided in an appendix.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Fundamentals of Fuel Cells. Linear and Nonlinear Models of Fuel Cell Dynamics. Linear and Nonlinear Control Design for Fuel Cells. Simulink Implementation of Fuel Cell Models and Controllers. Applications of Fuel Cells in Vehicles. Application of Fuel Cells in Utility Power Systems and Stand-Alone Systems. Control and Analysis of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems. Optimization of PEMFCs. Power Electronics Applications for Fuel Cells. A PEM Fuel Cell Temperature Controller. Implementation of Digital Signal Processor-Based Power Electronics Control. Appendix A: Linear Control. Appendix B: Nonlinear Control. Appendix C: Induction Machine Modeling and Vector Control for Fuel Cell Vehicle Applications. Appendix D: Coordinate Transformation. Appendix E: Space Vector PWM. Index.
£142.50
Taylor & Francis Inc Smart Civil Structures
Book SynopsisA smart civil structure integrates smart materials, sensors, actuators, signal processors, communication networks, power sources, diagonal strategies, control strategies, repair strategies, and life-cycle management strategies. It should function optimally and safely in its environment and maintain structural integrity during strong winds, severe earthquakes, and other extreme events. This book extends from the fundamentals to the state-of-the-art. It covers the elements of smart civil structures, their integration, and their functions. The elements consist of smart materials, sensors, control devices, signal processors, and communication networks. Integration refers to multi-scale modelling and model updating, multi-type sensor placement, control theory, and collective placement of control devices and sensors. And the functions include structural health monitoring, structural vibration control, structural self-repairing, and structural energy harvesting, with emphasisTrade Review"This is the first comprehensive book that synthesizes multiple interrelated fields in smart civil structures, including structural sensing and monitoring, vibration control, energy harvesting, and self-repairing."-- Yang Wang, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA"The book is a very comprehensive text on the area of smart structural health monitoring, covering material from basics to the state of the art. ...It starts with the nuts and bolts of the monitoring system but then leads up to the state of the art of an end-to-end smart monitoring system, and everything in between."-- Muhammad Imran Rafiq, University of Brighton, UK"This is the first comprehensive book that synthesizes multiple interrelated fields in smart civil structures, including structural sensing and monitoring, vibration control, energy harvesting, and self-repairing."-- Yang Wang, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA"The book is a very comprehensive text on the area of smart structural health monitoring, covering material from basics to the state of the art. ...It starts with the nuts and bolts of the monitoring system but then leads up to the state of the art of an end-to-end smart monitoring system, and everything in between."-- Muhammad Imran Rafiq, University of Brighton, UKTable of ContentsElements in Smart Civil Structures. Introduction. Smart Materials. Sensors and Sensor Networks. Actuators and Control Systems. Processors and Processing Systems. Integration for Smart Civil Structures. Multi-Scale Modelling of Smart Civil Structures. Modal Identification and Model Updating. Multi-Type Sensor Placement. Structural Control Theory. Optimal Actuator Placement. Collective Placement of Sensors and Actuators. Functions of Smart Civil Structures. Structural Damage Detection. Structural Active and Semi-ActiveControl. Synthesis of Structural Health Monitoring and Control in the Frequency Domain. Synthesis of Structural Health Monitoring and Control in the Time Domain. Synthesis of Structural Control and Energy Harvesting. Synthesis of Structural Health Monitoring, Control and Energy Harvesting. Synthesis of Structural Health Monitoring and Self-Repairing. Life Cycle Performance of Smart Civil Structures. Epilogue: Challenges and Prospects.
£142.50
Taylor & Francis Inc Power System Load Frequency Control
Book SynopsisThis title presents a balanced blend between classical and intelligent load frequency control techniques, which is detrminant for continous supply of power loads. The classical control techniques introduced in this book include PID, pole placement, observer-based state feedback, static and dynamic output feedback controllers while the intelligent control techniques explained here are of adaptive fuzzy control types. This book will analyze and design different decentralized LF controllers in order to maintain the frequency deviations of each power area within the limits and keep the tie-line power flow between different power areas at the scheduled levels.Table of Contents1. Load Frequency Control of Power Systems. 2. Modelling of Multi-area Power Systems. 3. LFC of Deregulated Multi-area Power Systems. 4. PID LFC Controllers. 5. Decentralized LFC Design for Multi-area Power System. 6. Fuzzy Systems and Functions Approximation. 7. Non-adaptive Fuzzy Load Frequency Control. 8. Adaptive Fuzzy Control Techniques. 9. Direct Adaptive Fuzzy Load Frequency Control. 10. Indirect Adaptive Fuzzy Load Frequency Control.
£147.25
Taylor & Francis Inc Nonlinear Systems Tracking
Book SynopsisTracking is the goal of control of any object, plant, process, or vehicle. From vehicles and missiles to power plants, tracking is essential to guarantee high-quality behavior. Nonlinear Systems Tracking establishes the tracking theory, trackability theory, and tracking control synthesis for time-varying nonlinear plants and their control systems as parts of control theory. Treating general dynamical and control systems, including subclasses of input-output and state-space nonlinear systems, the book: Describes the crucial tracking control concepts that comprise effective tracking control algorithms Defines the main tracking and trackability properties involved, identifying properties both perfect and imperfect Details the corresponding conditions needed for the controlled plant to exhibit each property Discusses various algorithms for tracking control synthesis, attacking the tracking control synthesis problems themselvTrade Review"Numerous publications and books present various aspects of tracking, but I do not know of another book only devoted to tracking and its various aspects. ... I used to teach tracking in my courses of process control and stability analysis of complex nonlinear systems, and this book could be very interesting to improve my courses. ... This book gives a complete presentation of the various aspects of tracking of nonlinear and/or time varying systems, including the determination of the maximum error for ill-defined and/or perturbed systems."—Pierre Borne, École Centrale de Lille, France Table of ContentsPreface. Systems and Control Basis. Trackability. Perfect Tracking. Imperfect Tracking: Stable Tracking. Criteria for Stable Tracking. Finite Reachability Time Tracking. Required Tracking Quality and Control Synthesis. Conclusion. Appendices. Used Literature. Indexes.
£171.00
Taylor & Francis Ltd Actuators for Control
Book SynopsisActuators for control are indispensable for the optimal performance of system functions, and their selection is dependent on many factors. This first publication in English of advanced Japanese research provides a clear and concise description of the design, manufacture and applications of various actuators used in modem control systems. Miniature linear motors, hydraulic and pneumatic actuators, servo motors, AC and DC control motors and stepping motors are discussed by leading Japanese researchers, while the volume concludes with a forward-looking examination of the actuators of the future: bio-engines and those utilizing functional materials. Translated from the Japanese. Volume II. This volume will be invaluable to postgraduate and research engineers and to machinery system design and manufacturing engineers in industry.Table of Contents1. Miniature Linear Motors 2. Hydraulic Actuators 3. Pneumatic Actuators 4. Fundamentals of Servo Motors 5. Design and Manufacture of DC Motors for Control 6. Control Applications of AC Motors 7. Design and Manufacture of AC Control Motors 8. Stepping Motors 9. Manufacture and Design of Stepping Motors 10. Actuators of the Future
£999.99
Springer International Publishing AG Polysaccharide Based Supercapacitors
Book SynopsisThis book provides an excellent introduction into polysaccharide-based supercapacitors. It includes fundamental knowledge on supercaps as well as an overview of currently available approaches reported in the literature. Written by an international team of leading academics, this brief is aimed at a variety of readers with an interest in polysaccharide science and its applications.Table of Contents1. Introduction What is a supercapacitor? How to build a supercapacitor Materials for supercapacitors Applications of supercapacitors 2. Polysaccharides in supercapacitors Native polysaccharides Pyrolyzed polysaccharides 3. Conclusion and Outlook
£42.74
Taylor & Francis Ltd Industrial and Engineering Applications of
Book SynopsisThis book presents the Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Industrial and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems, focusing on the theoretical aspects of intelligent systems research as well as extensions of theory of intelligent thinking machines.Table of ContentsPreface -- Conference Organization -- List of Sponsors and Cooperative Organizations -- GENETIC ALGORITHMS I -- COMPUTER VISION -- KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT -- SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL REASONING -- NATURAL LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING -- PLANNING AND SCHEDULING -- GENETIC ALGORITHMS II -- MACHINE LEARNING -- EXPERT SYSTEMS -- INTELLIGENT USER-INTERFACES / TUTORING SYSTEMS -- NEURAL NETWORKS I -- FUZZY LOGIC I -- PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS -- CASE/MODEL-BASED REASONING -- NEURAL NETWORKS II -- FUZZY LOGIC II -- Author Index -- Subject Index.
£325.00
A A Balkema Publishers Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology:
Book SynopsisStructural mechanics in reactor technology, Fracture Mechanics and NDE is the proceedings and transactions of the international conference on structural mechanics in reactor technology, held in 1987.
£325.00
Columbia University Press Let There Be Light
Book SynopsisLet There Be Light is a groundbreaking history of electrification in Hong Kong. Mark L. Clifford traces how a power company and its visionary founder jumpstarted the British colony’s postwar economic rise and set in motion far-reaching political and social change.Trade ReviewLet There Be Light is a cultural, business, and political history of the world’s single most indispensable technology—electricity generation—in a great city that it helped create. This elegantly written, deeply researched, and thoughtful book offers, in microcosm, a global vision of development, finance, and state engagement with the economy. -- Thomas W. Laqueur, author of The Work of the Dead: A Cultural History of Mortal RemainsAn insightful and vivid history. Mark Clifford challenges the conventional view of Hong Kong as a laissez-faire state. He shows instead the complex and successful collaboration between its government and its most important industry—electricity. At the center stands Lawrence Kadoorie—a colonial British capitalist at the door of communist China, a Jewish entrepreneur in a city riven with antisemitism. This is a valuable history of business and of technology—and of Hong Kong’s and China’s rise. -- Jonathan Kaufman, author of The Last Kings of Shanghai: The Rival Jewish Dynasties That Helped Create Modern ChinaBeautifully written and rich in fascinating detail, Let There Be Light tells the history of China Light & Power—a company that shaped modern Hong Kong. With scholarly rigor and a journalist’s flair for storytelling, Clifford chronicles the central role a company and its people played in building one of the world’s great cities. An impressive achievement and essential reading for anyone interested in electricity markets, Hong Kong history, or the relationship between businesses and governments more broadly. -- David Sandalow, author of Guide to Chinese Climate PolicyTable of Contents1. Private Light and Colonial Power2. In the Beginning: China Light & Power, 1900–19403. War, Occupation, and New Possibilities, 1941–19464. “The Problem of People,” 1947–19585. Electricity as a Political Project, 1959–19646. “Die-Hard Reactionary” in the Expanding Colonial State, 1964–19737. “Intelligent Anticipation” for “1997 and All That,” 1974–19828. Sing the City ElectricAcknowledgmentsNotesBibliographyIndex
£93.60
John Wiley & Sons Inc Control of Power Inverters in Renewable Energy
Book SynopsisIntegrating renewable energy and other distributed energy sources into smart grids, often via power inverters, is arguably the largest new frontier for smart grid advancements. Inverters should be controlled properly so that their integration does not jeopardize the stability and performance of power systems and a solid technical backbone is formed to facilitate other functions and services of smart grids. This unique reference offers systematic treatment of important control problems in power inverters, and different general converter theories. Starting at a basic level, it presents conventional power conversion methodologies and then non-conventional' methods, with a highly accessible summary of the latest developments in power inverters as well as insight into the grid connection of renewable power. Consisting of four parts Power Quality Control, Neutral Line Provision, Power Flow Control, and Synchronisation this book fully demonstrates the integration of controlTrade Review"From basic level to latest developments it covers every aspect to be a helpful resource both in practice and research." (VGB PowerTech, 1 May 2013) Table of ContentsPreface xvii Acknowledgments xix About the Authors xxi List of Abbreviations xxiii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Outline of the Book 1 1.2 Basics of Power Processing 4 1.3 Hardware Issues 24 1.4 Wind Power Systems 44 1.5 Solar Power Systems 53 1.6 Smart Grid Integration 55 2 Preliminaries 63 2.1 Power Quality Issues 63 2.2 Repetitive Control 67 2.3 Reference Frames 71 PART I POWER QUALITY CONTROL 3 Current H∞ Repetitive Control 81 3.1 System Description 81 3.2 Controller Design 82 3.3 Design Example 87 3.4 Experimental Results 88 3.5 Summary 91 4 Voltage and Current H∞ Repetitive Control 93 4.1 System Description 93 4.2 Modelling of an Inverter 94 4.3 Controller Design 96 4.4 Design Example 100 4.5 Simulation Results 102 4.6 Summary 107 5 Voltage H∞ Repetitive Control with a Frequency-adaptive Mechanism 109 5.1 System Description 109 5.2 Controller Design 110 5.3 Design Example 116 5.4 Experimental Results 117 5.5 Summary 126 6 Cascaded Current-Voltage H∞ Repetitive Control 127 6.1 Operation Modes in Microgrids 127 6.2 Control Scheme 129 6.3 Design of the Voltage Controller 131 6.4 Design of the Current Controller 133 6.5 Design Example 134 6.6 Experimental Results 136 6.7 Summary 147 7 Control of Inverter Output Impedance 149 7.1 Inverters with Inductive Output Impedances (L-inverters) 149 7.2 Inverters with Resistive Output Impedances (R-inverters) 150 7.3 Inverters with Capacitive Output Impedances (C-inverters) 152 7.4 Design of C-inverters to Improve the Voltage THD 153 7.5 Simulation Results for R-, L- and C-inverters 157 7.6 Experimental Results for R-, L- and C-inverters 159 7.7 Impact of the Filter Capacitor 162 7.8 Summary 163 8 Bypassing Harmonic Current Components 165 8.1 Controller Design 165 8.2 Physical Interpretation of the Controller 167 8.3 Stability Analysis 169 8.4 Experimental Results 171 8.5 Summary 172 9 Power Quality Issues in Traction Power Systems 173 9.1 Introduction 173 9.2 Description of the Topology 175 9.3 Compensation of Negative-sequence Currents, Reactive Power and Harmonic Currents 175 9.4 Special Case: cos θ = 1 180 9.5 Simulation Results 181 9.6 Summary 184 PART II NEUTRAL LINE PROVISION 10 Topology of a Neutral Leg 187 10.1 Introduction 187 10.2 Split DC Link 188 10.3 Conventional Neutral Leg 189 10.4 Independently-controlled Neutral Leg 190 10.5 Summary 191 11 Classical Control of a Neutral Leg 193 11.1 Mathematical Modelling 193 11.2 Controller Design 195 11.3 Performance Evaluation 199 11.4 Selection of the Components 201 11.5 Simulation Results 202 11.6 Summary 205 12 H∞ Voltage-Current Control of a Neutral Leg 207 12.1 Mathematical Modelling 207 12.2 Controller Design 210 12.3 Selection of Weighting Functions 214 12.4 Design Example 215 12.5 Simulation Results 216 12.6 Summary 217 13 Parallel PI Voltage-H∞ Current Control of a Neutral Leg 219 13.1 Description of the Neutral Leg 219 13.2 Design of an 13.3 Addition of a Voltage Control Loop 226 13.4 Experimental Results 226 13.5 Summary 230 14 Applications in Single-phase to Three-phase Conversion 233 14.1 Introduction 233 14.2 The Topology under Consideration 236 14.3 Basic Analysis 237 14.4 Controller Design 239 14.5 Simulation Results 244 14.6 Summary 248 PART III POWER FLOW CONTROL 15 Current Proportional–Integral Control 251 15.1 Control Structure 251 15.2 Controller Implementation 254 15.3 Experimental Results 254 15.4 Summary 258 16 Current Proportional-Resonant Control 259 16.1 Proportional-resonant Controller 259 16.2 Control Structure 260 16.3 Controller Design 261 16.4 Experimental Results 263 16.5 Summary 268 17 Current Deadbeat Predictive Control 269 17.1 Control Structure 269 17.2 Controller Design 269 17.3 Experimental Results 271 17.4 Summary 275 18 Synchronverters: Grid-friendly Inverters that Mimic Synchronous Generators 277 18.1 Mathematical Model of Synchronous Generators 278 18.2 Implementation of a Synchronverter 282 18.3 Operation of a Synchronverter 284 18.4 Simulation Results 287 18.5 Experimental Results 290 18.6 Summary 296 19 Parallel Operation of Inverters 297 19.1 Introduction 297 19.2 Problem Description 299 19.3 Power Delivered to a Voltage Source 300 19.4 Conventional Droop Control 301 19.5 Inherent Limitations of Conventional Droop Control 304 19.6 Robust Droop Control of R-inverters 309 19.7 Robust Droop Control of C-inverters 319 19.8 Robust Droop Control of L-inverters 326 19.9 Summary 330 20 Robust Droop Control with Improved Voltage Quality 335 20.1 Control Strategy 335 20.2 Experimental Results 337 20.3 Summary 346 21 Harmonic Droop Controller to Improve Voltage Quality 347 21.1 Model of an Inverter System 347 21.2 Power Delivered to a Current Source 349 21.3 Reduction of Harmonics in the Output Voltage 351 21.4 Simulation Results 353 21.5 Experimental Results 355 21.6 Summary 358 PART IV SYNCHRONISATION 22 Conventional Synchronisation Techniques 361 22.1 Introduction 361 22.2 Zero-crossing Method 362 22.3 Basic Phase-locked Loops (PLL) 363 22.4 PLL in the Synchronously Rotating Reference Frame (SRF-PLL) 364 22.5 Second-order Generalised Integrator-based PLL (SOGI-PLL) 366 22.6 Sinusoidal Tracking Algorithm (STA) 368 22.7 Simulation Results with SOGI-PLL and STA 369 22.8 Experimental Results with SOGI-PLL and STA 372 22.9 Summary 378 23 Sinusoid-locked Loops 379 23.1 Single-phase Synchronous Machine (SSM) Connected to the Grid 379 23.2 Structure of a Sinusoid-locked Loop (SLL) 380 23.3 Tracking of the Frequency and the Phase 382 23.4 Tracking of the Voltage Amplitude 382 23.5 Tuning of the Parameters 382 23.6 Equivalent Structure 383 23.7 Simulation Results 384 23.8 Experimental Results 386 23.9 Summary 390 References 393 Index 407
£81.86
John Wiley & Sons Inc Smart Grid
Book SynopsisThe book is written as primer hand book for addressing the fundamentals of smart grid. It provides the working definition the functions, the design criteria and the tools and techniques and technology needed for building smart grid. The book is needed to provide a working guideline in the design, analysis and development of Smart Grid.Table of ContentsPreface xiii 1 SMART GRID ARCHITECTURAL DESIGNS 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Today's Grid versus the Smart Grid 2 1.3 Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007: Rationale for the Smart Grid 2 1.4 Computational Intelligence 4 1.5 Power System Enhancement 5 1.6 Communication and Standards 5 1.7 Environment and Economics 5 1.8 Outline of the Book 5 1.9 General View of the Smart Grid Market Drivers 6 1.10 Stakeholder Roles and Function 6 1.11 Working Definition of the Smart Grid Based on Performance Measures 11 1.12 Representative Architecture 12 1.13 Functions of Smart Grid Components 12 1.14 Summary 15 2 SMART GRID COMMUNICATIONS AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY 16 2.1 Communication and Measurement 16 2.2 Monitoring, PMU, Smart Meters, and Measurements Technologies 19 2.3 GIS and Google Mapping Tools 23 2.4 Multiagent Systems (MAS) Technology 24 2.5 Microgrid and Smart Grid Comparison 27 2.6 Summary 27 3 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS TOOLS FOR SMART GRID DESIGN 29 3.1 Introduction to Load Flow Studies 29 3.2 Challenges to Load Flow in Smart Grid and Weaknesses of the Present Load Flow Methods 30 3.3 Load Flow State of the Art: Classical, Extended Formulations, and Algorithms 31 3.4 Congestion Management Effect 37 3.5 Load Flow for Smart Grid Design 38 3.6 DSOPF Application to the Smart Grid 41 3.7 Static Security Assessment (SSA) and Contingencies 43 3.8 Contingencies and Their Classification 44 3.9 Contingency Studies for the Smart Grid 48 3.10 Summary 49 4 STABILITY ANALYSIS TOOLS FOR SMART GRID 51 4.1 Introduction to Stability 51 4.2 Strengths and Weaknesses of Existing Voltage Stability Analysis Tools 51 4.3 Voltage Stability Assessment 56 4.4 Voltage Stability Assessment Techniques 62 4.5 Voltage Stability Indexing 65 4.6 Analysis Techniques for Steady-State Voltage Stability Studies 68 4.7 Application and Implementation Plan of Voltage Stability 70 4.8 Optimizing Stability Constraint through Preventive Control of Voltage Stability 71 4.9 Angle Stability Assessment 73 4.10 State Estimation 81 5 COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS FOR SMART GRID DESIGN 100 5.1 Introduction to Computational Tools 100 5.2 Decision Support Tools (DS) 101 5.3 Optimization Techniques 103 5.4 Classical Optimization Method 103 5.5 Heuristic Optimization 108 5.6 Evolutionary Computational Techniques 112 5.7 Adaptive Dynamic Programming Techniques 115 5.8 Pareto Methods 117 5.9 Hybridizing Optimization Techniques and Applications to the Smart Grid 118 5.10 Computational Challenges 118 5.11 Summary 119 6 PATHWAY FOR DESIGNING SMART GRID 122 6.1 Introduction to Smart Grid Pathway Design 122 6.2 Barriers and Solutions to Smart Grid Development 122 6.3 Solution Pathways for Designing Smart Grid Using Advanced Optimization and Control Techniques for Selection Functions 125 6.4 General Level Automation 125 6.5 Bulk Power Systems Automation of the Smart Grid at Transmission Level 130 6.6 Distribution System Automation Requirement of the Power Grid 132 6.7 End User/Appliance Level of the Smart Grid 137 6.8 Applications for Adaptive Control and Optimization 137 6.9 Summary 138 7 RENEWABLE ENERGY AND STORAGE 140 7.1 Renewable Energy Resources 140 7.2 Sustainable Energy Options for the Smart Grid 141 7.3 Penetration and Variability Issues Associated with Sustainable Energy Technology 148 7.4 Demand Response Issues 150 7.5 Electric Vehicles and Plug-in Hybrids 151 7.6 PHEV Technology 151 7.7 Environmental Implications 152 7.8 Storage Technologies 154 7.9 Tax Credits 158 7.10 Summary 159 8 INTEROPERABILITY, STANDARDS, AND CYBER SECURITY 160 8.1 Introduction 160 8.2 Interoperability 161 8.3 Standards 163 8.4 Smart Grid Cyber Security 166 8.5 Cyber Security and Possible Operation for Improving Methodology for Other Users 173 8.6 Summary 174 9 RESEARCH, EDUCATION, AND TRAINING FOR THE SMART GRID 176 9.1 Introduction 176 9.2 Research Areas for Smart Grid Development 176 9.3 Research Activities in the Smart Grid 178 9.4 Multidisciplinary Research Activities 178 9.5 Smart Grid Education 179 9.6 Training and Professional Development 182 9.7 Summary 183 10 CASE STUDIES AND TESTBEDS FOR THE SMART GRID 184 10.1 Introduction 184 10.2 Demonstration Projects 184 10.3 Advanced Metering 185 10.4 Microgrid with Renewable Energy 185 10.5 Power System Unit Commitment (UC) Problem 186 10.6 ADP for Optimal Network Reconfiguration in Distribution Automation 191 10.7 Case Study of RER Integration 196 10.8 Testbeds and Benchmark Systems 197 10.9 Challenges of Smart Transmission 198 10.10 Benefits of Smart Transmission 198 10.11 Summary 198 References 199 11 EPILOGUE 200 Index 203
£78.26
John Wiley & Sons Inc Electrical Energy Conversion and Transport
Book SynopsisDesigned to support interactive teaching and computer assisted self-learning, this second edition of Electrical Energy Conversion and Transport is thoroughly updated to address the recent environmental effects of electric power generation and transmission, which have become more important together with the deregulation of the industry. New content explores different power generation methods, including renewable energy generation (solar, wind, fuel cell) and includes new sections that discuss the upcoming Smart Grid and the distributed power generation using renewable energy generation, making the text essential reading material for students and practicing engineers.Trade Review“This book is recommended reading for those interested in deepening their knowledge of electrical systems, energy conversion technologies, and the use of computer tools to assist in understanding of complex engineering problems.” (IEEE Power Electronics Society Newsletter, 1 August2013)Table of ContentsPreface and Acknowledgments xv 1 ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS 1 1.1. Electric Networks 2 1.1.1. Transmission Systems 4 1.1.2. Distribution Systems 6 1.2. Traditional Transmission Systems 6 1.2.1. Substation Components 8 1.2.2. Substations and Equipment 9 1.2.3. Gas Insulated Switchgear 17 1.2.4. Power System Operation in Steady-State Conditions 18 1.2.5. Network Dynamic Operation (Transient Condition) 20 1.3. Traditional Distribution Systems 20 1.3.1. Distribution Feeder 21 1.3.2. Residential Electrical Connection 24 1.4. Intelligent Electrical Grids 26 1.4.1. Intelligent High-Voltage Transmission Systems 26 1.4.2. Intelligent Distribution Networks 28 1.5. Exercises 28 1.6. Problems 29 2 ELECTRIC GENERATING STATIONS 30 2.1. Fossil Power Plants 34 2.1.1. Fuel Storage and Handling 34 2.1.2. Boiler 35 2.1.3. Turbine 41 2.1.4. Generator and Electrical System 43 2.1.5. Combustion Turbine 47 2.1.6. Combined Cycle Plants 48 2.2. Nuclear Power Plants 49 2.2.1. Nuclear Reactor 50 2.2.2. Pressurized Water Reactor 53 2.2.3. Boiling Water Reactor 55 2.3. Hydroelectric Power Plants 56 2.3.1. Low Head Hydroplants 59 2.3.2. Medium- and High-Head Hydroplants 60 2.3.3. Pumped Storage Facility 62 2.4. Wind Farms 63 2.5. Solar Power Plants 66 2.5.1. Photovoltaics 66 2.5.2. Solar Thermal Plants 70 2.6. Geothermal Power Plants 72 2.7. Ocean Power 73 2.7.1. Ocean Tidal 74 2.7.2. Ocean Current 75 2.7.3. Ocean Wave 75 2.7.4. Ocean Thermal 76 2.8. Other Generation Schemes 76 2.9. Electricity Generation Economics 77 2.9.1. O&M Cost 79 2.9.2. Fuel Cost 79 2.9.3. Capital Cost 80 2.9.4. Overall Generation Costs 81 2.10. Load Characteristics and Forecasting 81 2.11. Environmental Impact 85 2.12. Exercises 86 2.13. Problems 86 3 SINGLE-PHASE CIRCUITS 89 3.1. Circuit Analysis Fundamentals 90 3.1.1. Basic Defi nitions and Nomenclature 90 3.1.2. Voltage and Current Phasors 91 3.1.3. Power 92 3.2. AC Circuits 94 3.3. Impedance 96 3.3.1. Series Connection 100 3.3.2. Parallel Connection 100 3.3.3. Impedance Examples 104 3.4. Loads 109 3.4.1. Power Factor 111 3.4.2. Voltage Regulation 116 3.5. Basic Laws and Circuit Analysis Techniques 116 3.5.1. Kirchhoff’s Current Law 117 3.5.2. Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law 123 3.5.3. Thévenin’s and Norton’s Theorems 127 3.6. Applications of Single-Phase Circuit Analysis 128 3.7. Summary 140 3.8. Exercises 141 3.9. Problems 141 4 THREE-PHASE CIRCUITS 145 4.1. Three-Phase Quantities 146 4.2. Wye-Connected Generator 151 4.3. Wye-Connected Loads 155 4.3.1. Balanced Wye Load (Four-Wire System) 156 4.3.2. Unbalanced Wye Load (Four-Wire System) 158 4.3.3. Wye-Connected Three-Wire System 160 4.4. Delta-Connected System 162 4.4.1. Delta-Connected Generator 162 4.4.2. Balanced Delta Load 163 4.4.3. Unbalanced Delta Load 166 4.5. Summary 168 4.6. Three-Phase Power Measurement 174 4.6.1. Four-Wire System 175 4.6.2. Three-Wire System 175 4.7. Per-Unit System 177 4.8. Symmetrical Components 182 4.8.1. Calculation of Phase Voltages from Sequential Components 182 4.8.2. Calculation of Sequential Components from Phase Voltages 183 4.8.3. Sequential Components of Impedance Loads 184 4.9. Application Examples 188 4.10. Exercises 203 4.11. Problems 204 5 TRANSMISSION LINES AND CABLES 207 5.1. Construction 208 5.2. Components of the Transmission Lines 215 5.2.1. Towers and Foundations 215 5.2.2. Conductors 216 5.2.3. Insulators 218 5.3. Cables 223 5.4. Transmission Line Electrical Parameters 224 5.5. Magnetic Field Generated by Transmission Lines 225 5.5.1. Magnetic Field Energy Content 229 5.5.2. Single Conductor Generated Magnetic Field 230 5.5.3. Complex Spatial Vector Mathematics 233 5.5.4. Three-Phase Transmission Line-Generated Magnetic Field 234 5.6. Transmission Line Inductance 239 5.6.1. External Magnetic Flux 240 5.6.2. Internal Magnetic Flux 241 5.6.3. Total Conductor Magnetic Flux 243 5.6.4. Three-Phase Line Inductance 244 5.7. Transmission Line Capacitance 249 5.7.1. Electric Field Generation 249 5.7.2. Electrical Field around a Conductor 250 5.7.3. Three-Phase Transmission Line Generated Electric Field 256 5.7.4. Three-Phase Line Capacitance 271 5.8. Transmission Line Networks 273 5.8.1. Equivalent Circuit for a Balanced System 273 5.8.2. Long Transmission Lines 277 5.9. Concept of Transmission Line Protection 282 5.9.1. Transmission Line Faults 282 5.9.2. Protection Methods 285 5.9.3. Fuse Protection 285 5.9.4. Overcurrent Protection 285 5.9.5. Distance Protection 288 5.10. Application Examples 289 5.10.1. Mathcad® Examples 289 5.10.2. PSpice®: Transient Short-Circuit Current in Transmission Lines 302 5.10.3. PSpice: Transmission Line Energization 304 5.11. Exercises 307 5.12. Problems 308 6 ELECTROMECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERSION 313 6.1. Magnetic Circuits 314 6.1.1. Magnetic Circuit Theory 315 6.1.2. Magnetic Circuit Analysis 317 6.1.3. Magnetic Energy 323 6.1.4. Magnetization Curve 324 6.1.5. Magnetization Curve Modeling 329 6.2. Magnetic and Electric Field Generated Forces 336 6.2.1. Electric Field-Generated Force 336 6.2.2. Magnetic Field-Generated Force 337 6.3. Electromechanical System 343 6.3.1. Electric Field 344 6.3.2. Magnetic Field 345 6.4. Calculation of Electromagnetic Forces 347 6.5. Applications 352 6.5.1. Actuators 353 6.5.2. Transducers 356 6.5.3. Permanent Magnet Motors and Generators 362 6.5.4. Microelectromechanical Systems 365 6.6. Summary 368 6.7. Exercises 368 6.8. Problems 369 7 TRANSFORMERS 375 7.1. Construction 376 7.2. Single-Phase Transformers 381 7.2.1. Ideal Transformer 382 7.2.2. Real Transformer 391 7.2.3. Determination of Equivalent Transformer Circuit Parameters 399 7.3. Three-Phase Transformers 408 7.3.1. Wye–Wye Connection 410 7.3.2. Wye–Delta Connection 415 7.3.3. Delta–Wye Connection 418 7.3.4. Delta–Delta Connection 420 7.3.5. Summary 420 7.3.6. Analysis of Three-Phase Transformer Configurations 421 7.3.7. Equivalent Circuit Parameters of a Three-Phase Transformer 429 7.3.8. General Program for Computing Transformer Parameters 432 7.3.9. Application Examples 435 7.3.10. Concept of Transformer Protection 447 7.4. Exercises 450 7.5. Problems 451 8 SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES 456 8.1. Construction 456 8.1.1. Round Rotor Generator 457 8.1.2. Salient Pole Generator 459 8.1.3. Exciter 462 8.2. Operating Concept 465 8.2.1. Main Rotating Flux 465 8.2.2. Armature Flux 468 8.3. Generator Application 472 8.3.1. Loading 472 8.3.2. Reactive Power Regulation 472 8.3.3. Synchronization 473 8.3.4. Static Stability 474 8.4. Induced Voltage and Armature Reactance Calculation 487 8.4.1. Induced Voltage Calculation 488 8.4.2. Armature Reactance Calculation 496 8.5. Concept of Generator Protection 507 8.6. Application Examples 511 8.7. Exercises 535 8.8. Problems 536 9 INDUCTION MACHINES 541 9.1. Introduction 541 9.2. Construction 543 9.2.1. Stator 543 9.2.2. Rotor 546 9.3. Three-Phase Induction Motor 547 9.3.1. Operating Principle 547 9.3.2. Equivalent Circuit 553 9.3.3. Motor Performance 556 9.3.4. Motor Maximum Output 557 9.3.5. Performance Analyses 560 9.3.6. Determination of Motor Parameters by Measurement 570 9.4. Single-Phase Induction Motor 591 9.4.1. Operating Principle 592 9.4.2. Single-Phase Induction Motor Performance Analysis 595 9.5. Induction Generators 603 9.5.1. Induction Generator Analysis 603 9.5.2. Doubly Fed Induction Generator 606 9.6. Concept of Motor Protection 608 9.7. Exercises 610 9.8. Problems 611 10 DC MACHINES 616 10.1. Construction 616 10.2. Operating Principle 620 10.2.1. DC Motor 620 10.2.2. DC Generator 623 10.2.3. Equivalent Circuit 625 10.2.4. Excitation Methods 628 10.3. Operation Analyses 629 10.3.1. Separately Excited Machine 630 10.3.2. Shunt Machine 637 10.3.3. Series Motor 645 10.3.4. Summary 651 10.4. Application Examples 652 10.5. Exercises 669 10.6. Problems 669 11 INTRODUCTION TO POWER ELECTRONICS AND MOTOR CONTROL 673 11.1. Concept of DC Motor Control 674 11.2. Concept of AC Induction Motor Control 678 11.3. Semiconductor Switches 685 11.3.1. Diode 685 11.3.2. Thyristor 687 11.3.3. Gate Turn-Off Thyristor 692 11.3.4. Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor 693 11.3.5. Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor 695 11.3.6. Summary 696 11.4. Rectifi ers 697 11.4.1. Simple Passive Diode Rectifiers 697 11.4.2. Single-Phase Controllable Rectifiers 709 11.4.3. Firing and Snubber Circuits 726 11.4.4. Three-Phase Rectifiers 728 11.5. Inverters 729 11.5.1. Voltage Source Inverter with Pulse Width Modulation 732 11.5.2. Line-Commutated Thyristor-Controlled Inverter 735 11.5.3. High-Voltage DC Transmission 738 11.6. Flexible AC Transmission 739 11.6.1. Static VAR Compensator 740 11.6.2. Static Synchronous Compensator 744 11.6.3. Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor 744 11.6.4. Unifi ed Power Controller 747 11.7. DC-to-DC Converters 747 11.7.1. Boost Converter 748 11.7.2. Buck Converter 754 11.8. Application Examples 757 11.9. Exercises 773 11.10. Problems 774 Appendix A Introduction to Mathcad® 777 A.1. Worksheet and Toolbars 777 A.1.1. Text Regions 780 A.1.2. Calculations 780 A.2. Functions 783 A.2.1. Repetitive Calculations 784 A.2.2. Defining a Function 785 A.2.3. Plotting a Function 786 A.2.4. Minimum and Maximum Function Values 788 A.3. Equation Solvers 788 A.3.1. Root Equation Solver 789 A.3.2. Find Equation Solver 789 A.4. Vectors and Matrices 790 Appendix B Introduction to MATLAB® 794 B.1. Desktop Tools 794 B.2. Operators, Variables, and Functions 796 B.3. Vectors and Matrices 797 B.4. Colon Operator 799 B.5. Repeated Evaluation of an Equation 799 B.6. Plotting 800 B.7. Basic Programming 803 Appendix C Fundamental Units and Constants 805 C.1. Fundamental Units 805 C.2. Fundamental Physical Constants 809 Appendix D Introduction to PSpice® 810 D.1. Obtaining and Installing PSpice 810 D.2. Using PSpice 811 D.2.1. Creating a Circuit 811 D.2.2. Simulating a Circuit 812 D.2.3. Analyzing Simulation Results 813 Problem Solution Key 815 Bibliography 822 Index 824
£115.20
John Wiley & Sons Inc Transients in Power Systems Electrical
Book SynopsisCovering the fundamentals of electrical transients, this book should equip readers with the skills to recognise and solve transient problems in power networks and components, starting with the basics of transient electrical circuit theory.Trade Review"...intended readers are those responsible for design and operation of electric utility transmission systems...not for the mathematically disadvantaged..." (Electrical Apparatus, October 2001)Table of ContentsPreface. Basic Concepts and Simple Switching Transients. Transient Analysis of Three-Phase Power Systems. Travelling Waves. Circuit Breakers. Switching Transients. Power System Transient Recovery Voltages. Lightning-Induced Transients. Numerical Simulation of Electrical Transients. Insulation Coordination, Standardisation Bodies, and Standards. Testing of Circuit Breakers. Index.
£144.85
John Wiley & Sons Inc An Introduction to Electrical Machines and
Book SynopsisElectrical engineering students are traditionally given but brief exposure to the important topic of electrical machines and transformers. This text/reference comprises a thorough and accessible introduction to the subject and this Second Edition contains more material on small machinery and a new chapter on the ``energy conversion'''' approach to calculation of magnetically developed forces. A circuit model is developed for each of the basic devices and the physical basis of each model is explained. Chapters are relatively independent of one another and follow the same general plan--coverage is broad and deep enough to permit flexibility in course design.Table of ContentsWhat Machines and Transformers Have in Common. Synchronous Machines. Transformers. Induction, or Asynchronous, Machines. Direct-Current Machines. Single-Phase Machines. Machines for Special Jobs. Forces and Torques in Electromagnetic Systems. Appendices. Glossary of Symbols. Index.
£195.26
John Wiley & Sons Inc Environmentally Conscious Alternative Energy
Book SynopsisThis fourth volume of the Wiley Series in Environmentally Conscious Engineering, Environmentally Conscious Alternative Engergy Production describes and compares the environmental and economic impacts of renewable and conventional power generation technologies.Table of ContentsContributors. Preface. 1: Economic Comparisons of Power Generation Technologies (Todd S. Nemec). 2: Solar Energy Applications (Jan F. Kreider). 3: Fuel Cells (Matthew M. Mench). 4: Geothermal Resources and Technology: An Introduction (Peter D. Blair). 5: Wind Power Generation (Todd S. Nemec). 6: Cogeneration (Jerald A. Caton). 7: Hydrogen Energy (E. K. Stefanakos, D. Y. Goswami, S. S. Srinivasan, and J. T. Wolan). 8: Clean Power Generation from Coal (James W. Butler and Prabir Basu). 9: Using Waste Heat from Power Plants (Herbert A. Ingley III). Appendix A: Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Collector Manufacturing Activities 2005. Appendix B: Survey of Geothermal Heat Pump Shipments, 1990–2004. Index.
£118.76
John Wiley & Sons Inc Power Generation Operation and Control
Book SynopsisA thoroughly revised new edition of the definitive work on power systems best practices In this eagerly awaited new edition, Power Generation, Operation, and Control continues to provide engineers and academics with a complete picture of the techniques used in modern power system operation. Long recognized as the standard reference in the field, the book has been thoroughly updated to reflect the enormous changes that have taken place in the electric power industry since the Second Edition was published seventeen years ago. With an emphasis on both the engineering and economic aspects of energy management, the Third Edition introduces central terminal characteristics for thermal and hydroelectric power generation systems, along with new optimization techniques for tackling real-world operating problems. Readers will find a range of algorithms and methods for performing integrated economic, network, and generating system analysis, as well as modern methods for power systTrade Review“Without a doubt, this book makes admirable progress in integrating the traditional with the new, and, as such, it is a worthy addition to professional libraries. It is a valuable text for a one- or two-course sequence in a graduate curriculum in power systems. Reasonable resource support for both student and instructor is available through the publisher.” (IEEE, 1 July 2014) Table of ContentsPreface to the Third Edition xvii Preface to the Second Edition xix Preface to the First Edition xxi Acknowledgment xxiii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Purpose of the Course 1 1.2 Course Scope 2 1.3 Economic Importance 2 1.4 Deregulation: Vertical to Horizontal 3 1.5 Problems: New and Old 3 1.6 Characteristics of Steam Units 6 1.6.1 Variations in Steam Unit Characteristics 10 1.6.2 Combined Cycle Units 13 1.6.3 Cogeneration Plants 14 1.6.4 Light-Water Moderated Nuclear Reactor Units 17 1.6.5 Hydroelectric Units 18 1.6.6 Energy Storage 21 1.7 Renewable Energy 22 1.7.1 Wind Power 23 1.7.2 Cut-In Speed 23 1.7.3 Rated Output Power and Rated Output Wind Speed 24 1.7.4 Cut-Out Speed 24 1.7.5 Wind Turbine Efficiency or Power Coefficient 24 1.7.6 Solar Power 25 Appendix 1A Typical Generation Data 26 Appendix 1B Fossil Fuel Prices 28 Appendix 1C Unit Statistics 29 References for Generation Systems 31 Further Reading 31 2 Industrial Organization, Managerial Economics, and Finance 35 2.1 Introduction 35 2.2 Business Environments 36 2.2.1 Regulated Environment 37 2.2.2 Competitive Market Environment 38 2.3 Theory of the Firm 40 2.4 Competitive Market Solutions 42 2.5 Supplier Solutions 45 2.5.1 Supplier Costs 46 2.5.2 Individual Supplier Curves 46 2.5.3 Competitive Environments 47 2.5.4 Imperfect Competition 51 2.5.5 Other Factors 52 2.6 Cost of Electric Energy Production 53 2.7 Evolving Markets 54 2.7.1 Energy Flow Diagram 57 2.8 Multiple Company Environments 58 2.8.1 Leontief Model: Input–Output Economics 58 2.8.2 Scarce Fuel Resources 60 2.9 Uncertainty and Reliability 61 Problems 61 Reference 62 3 Economic Dispatch of Thermal Units and Methods of Solution 63 3.1 The Economic Dispatch Problem 63 3.2 Economic Dispatch with Piecewise Linear Cost Functions 68 3.3 LP Method 69 3.3.1 Piecewise Linear Cost Functions 69 3.3.2 Economic Dispatch with LP 71 3.4 The Lambda Iteration Method 73 3.5 Economic Dispatch Via Binary Search 76 3.6 Economic Dispatch Using Dynamic Programming 78 3.7 Composite Generation Production Cost Function 81 3.8 Base Point and Participation Factors 85 3.9 Thermal System Dispatching with Network Losses Considered 88 3.10 The Concept of Locational Marginal Price (LMP) 92 3.11 Auction Mechanisms 95 3.11.1 PJM Incremental Price Auction as a Graphical Solution 95 3.11.2 Auction Theory Introduction 98 3.11.3 Auction Mechanisms 100 3.11.4 English (First-Price Open-Cry = Ascending) 101 3.11.5 Dutch (Descending) 103 3.11.6 First-Price Sealed Bid 104 3.11.7 Vickrey (Second-Price Sealed Bid) 105 3.11.8 All Pay (e.g., Lobbying Activity) 105 Appendix 3A Optimization Within Constraints 106 Appendix 3B Linear Programming (LP) 117 Appendix 3C Non-Linear Programming 128 Appendix 3D Dynamic Programming (DP) 128 Appendix 3E Convex Optimization 135 Problems 138 References 146 4 Unit Commitment 147 4.1 Introduction 147 4.1.1 Economic Dispatch versus Unit Commitment 147 4.1.2 Constraints in Unit Commitment 152 4.1.3 Spinning Reserve 152 4.1.4 Thermal Unit Constraints 153 4.1.5 Other Constraints 155 4.2 Unit Commitment Solution Methods 155 4.2.1 Priority-List Methods 156 4.2.2 Lagrange Relaxation Solution 157 4.2.3 Mixed Integer Linear Programming 166 4.3 Security-Constrained Unit Commitment (SCUC) 167 4.4 Daily Auctions Using a Unit Commitment 167 Appendix 4A Dual Optimization on a Nonconvex Problem 167 Appendix 4B Dynamic-Programming Solution to Unit Commitment 173 4B.1 Introduction 173 4B.2 Forward DP Approach 174 Problems 182 5 Generation with Limited Energy Supply 187 5.1 Introduction 187 5.2 Fuel Scheduling 188 5.3 Take-or-Pay Fuel Supply Contract 188 5.4 Complex Take-or-Pay Fuel Supply Models 194 5.4.1 Hard Limits and Slack Variables 194 5.5 Fuel Scheduling by Linear Programming 195 5.6 Introduction to Hydrothermal Coordination 202 5.6.1 Long-Range Hydro-Scheduling 203 5.6.2 Short-Range Hydro-Scheduling 204 5.7 Hydroelectric Plant Models 204 5.8 Scheduling Problems 207 5.8.1 Types of Scheduling Problems 207 5.8.2 Scheduling Energy 207 5.9 The Hydrothermal Scheduling Problem 211 5.9.1 Hydro-Scheduling with Storage Limitations 211 5.9.2 Hydro-Units in Series (Hydraulically Coupled) 216 5.9.3 Pumped-Storage Hydroplants 218 5.10 Hydro-Scheduling using Linear Programming 222 Appendix 5A Dynamic-Programming Solution to hydrothermal Scheduling 225 5.A.1 Dynamic Programming Example 227 5.A.1.1 Procedure 228 5.A.1.2 Extension to Other Cases 231 5.A.1.3 Dynamic-Programming Solution to Multiple Hydroplant Problem 232 Problems 234 6 Transmission System Effects 243 6.1 Introduction 243 6.2 Conversion of Equipment Data to Bus and Branch Data 247 6.3 Substation Bus Processing 248 6.4 Equipment Modeling 248 6.5 Dispatcher Power Flow for Operational Planning 251 6.6 Conservation of Energy (Tellegen’s Theorem) 252 6.7 Existing Power Flow Techniques 253 6.8 The Newton–Raphson Method Using the Augmented Jacobian Matrix 254 6.8.1 Power Flow Statement 254 6.9 Mathematical Overview 257 6.10 AC System Control Modeling 259 6.11 Local Voltage Control 259 6.12 Modeling of Transmission Lines and Transformers 259 6.12.1 Transmission Line Flow Equations 259 6.12.2 Transformer Flow Equations 260 6.13 HVDC links 261 6.13.1 Modeling of HVDC Converters and FACT Devices 264 6.13.2 Definition of Angular Relationships in HVDC Converters 264 6.13.3 Power Equations for a Six-Pole HVDC Converter 264 6.14 Brief Review of Jacobian Matrix Processing 267 6.15 Example 6A: AC Power Flow Case 269 6.16 The Decoupled Power Flow 271 6.17 The Gauss–Seidel Method 275 6.18 The “DC” or Linear Power Flow 277 6.18.1 DC Power Flow Calculation 277 6.18.2 Example 6B: DC Power Flow Example on the Six-Bus Sample System 278 6.19 Unified Eliminated Variable Hvdc Method 278 6.19.1 Changes to Jacobian Matrix Reduced 279 6.19.2 Control Modes 280 6.19.3 Analytical Elimination 280 6.19.4 Control Mode Switching 283 6.19.5 Bipolar and 12-Pulse Converters 283 6.20 Transmission Losses 284 6.20.1 A Two-Generator System Example 284 6.20.2 Coordination Equations, Incremental Losses, and Penalty Factors 286 6.21 Discussion of Reference Bus Penalty Factors 288 6.22 Bus Penalty Factors Direct from the AC Power Flow 289 Problems 291 7 Power System Security 296 7.1 Introduction 296 7.2 Factors Affecting Power System Security 301 7.3 Contingency Analysis: Detection of Network Problems 301 7.3.1 Generation Outages 301 7.3.2 Transmission Outages 302 7.4 An Overview of Security Analysis 306 7.4.1 Linear Sensitivity Factors 307 7.5 Monitoring Power Transactions Using “Flowgates” 313 7.6 Voltage Collapse 315 7.6.1 AC Power Flow Methods 317 7.6.2 Contingency Selection 320 7.6.3 Concentric Relaxation 323 7.6.4 Bounding 325 7.6.5 Adaptive Localization 325 Appendix 7A AC Power Flow Sample Cases 327 Appendix 7B Calculation of Network Sensitivity Factors 336 7B.1 Calculation of PTDF Factors 336 7B.2 Calculation of LODF Factors 339 7B.2.1 Special Cases 341 7B.3 Compensated PTDF Factors 343 Problems 343 References 349 8 Optimal Power Flow 350 8.1 Introduction 350 8.2 The Economic Dispatch Formulation 351 8.3 The Optimal Power Flow Calculation Combining Economic Dispatch and the Power Flow 352 8.4 Optimal Power Flow Using the DC Power Flow 354 8.5 Example 8A: Solution of the DC Power Flow OPF 356 8.6 Example 8B: DCOPF with Transmission Line Limit Imposed 361 8.7 Formal Solution of the DCOPF 365 8.8 Adding Line Flow Constraints to the Linear Programming Solution 365 8.8.1 Solving the DCOPF Using Quadratic Programming 367 8.9 Solution of the ACOPF 368 8.10 Algorithms for Solution of the ACOPF 369 8.11 Relationship Between LMP, Incremental Losses, and Line Flow Constraints 376 8.11.1 Locational Marginal Price at a Bus with No Lines Being Held at Limit 377 8.11.2 Locational Marginal Price with a Line Held at its Limit 378 8.12 Security-Constrained OPF 382 8.12.1 Security Constrained OPF Using the DC Power Flow and Quadratic Programming 384 8.12.2 DC Power Flow 385 8.12.3 Line Flow Limits 385 8.12.4 Contingency Limits 386 Appendix 8A Interior Point Method 391 Appendix 8B Data for the 12-Bus System 393 Appendix 8C Line Flow Sensitivity Factors 395 Appendix 8D Linear Sensitivity Analysis of the AC Power Flow 397 Problems 399 9 Introduction to State Estimation in Power Systems 403 9.1 Introduction 403 9.2 Power System State Estimation 404 9.3 Maximum Likelihood Weighted Least-Squares Estimation 408 9.3.1 Introduction 408 9.3.2 Maximum Likelihood Concepts 410 9.3.3 Matrix Formulation 414 9.3.4 An Example of Weighted Least-Squares State Estimation 417 9.4 State Estimation of an Ac Network 421 9.4.1 Development of Method 421 9.4.2 Typical Results of State Estimation on an AC Network 424 9.5 State Estimation by Orthogonal Decomposition 428 9.5.1 The Orthogonal Decomposition Algorithm 431 9.6 An Introduction to Advanced Topics in State Estimation 435 9.6.1 Sources of Error in State Estimation 435 9.6.2 Detection and Identification of Bad Measurements 436 9.6.3 Estimation of Quantities Not Being Measured 443 9.6.4 Network Observability and Pseudo-measurements 444 9.7 The Use of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUS) 447 9.8 Application of Power Systems State Estimation 451 9.9 Importance of Data Verification and Validation 454 9.10 Power System Control Centers 454 Appendix 9A Derivation of Least-Squares Equations 456 9A.1 The Overdetermined Case (Nm > Ns) 457 9A.2 The Fully Determined Case (Nm = Ns) 462 9A.3 The Underdetermined Case (Nm < Ns) 462 Problems 464 10 Control of Generation 468 10.1 Introduction 468 10.2 Generator Model 470 10.3 Load Model 473 10.4 Prime-Mover Model 475 10.5 Governor Model 476 10.6 Tie-Line Model 481 10.7 Generation Control 485 10.7.1 Supplementary Control Action 485 10.7.2 Tie-Line Control 486 10.7.3 Generation Allocation 489 10.7.4 Automatic Generation Control (AGC) Implementation 491 10.7.5 AGC Features 495 10.7.6 NERC Generation Control Criteria 496 Problems 497 References 500 11 Interchange, Pooling, Brokers, and Auctions 501 11.1 Introduction 501 11.2 Interchange Contracts 504 11.2.1 Energy 504 11.2.2 Dynamic Energy 506 11.2.3 Contingent 506 11.2.4 Market Based 507 11.2.5 Transmission Use 508 11.2.6 Reliability 517 11.3 Energy Interchange between Utilities 517 11.4 Interutility Economy Energy Evaluation 521 11.5 Interchange Evaluation with Unit Commitment 522 11.6 Multiple Utility Interchange Transactions—Wheeling 523 11.7 Power Pools 526 11.8 The Energy-Broker System 529 11.9 Transmission Capability General Issues 533 11.10 Available Transfer Capability and Flowgates 535 11.10.1 Definitions 536 11.10.2 Process 539 11.10.3 Calculation ATC Methodology 540 11.11 Security Constrained Unit Commitment (SCUC) 550 11.11.1 Loads and Generation in a Spot Market Auction 550 11.11.2 Shape of the Two Functions 552 11.11.3 Meaning of the Lagrange Multipliers 553 11.11.4 The Day-Ahead Market Dispatch 554 11.12 Auction Emulation using Network LP 555 11.13 Sealed Bid Discrete Auctions 555 Problems 560 12 Short-Term Demand Forecasting 566 12.1 Perspective 566 12.2 Analytic Methods 569 12.3 Demand Models 571 12.4 Commodity Price Forecasting 572 12.5 Forecasting Errors 573 12.6 System Identification 573 12.7 Econometric Models 574 12.7.1 Linear Environmental Model 574 12.7.2 Weather-Sensitive Models 576 12.8 Time Series 578 12.8.1 Time Series Models Seasonal Component 578 12.8.2 Auto-Regressive (AR) 580 12.8.3 Moving Average (MA) 581 12.8.4 Auto-Regressive Moving Average (ARMA): Box-Jenkins 582 12.8.5 Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving-Average (ARIMA): Box-Jenkins 584 12.8.6 Others (ARMAX, ARIMAX, SARMAX, NARMA) 585 12.9 Time Series Model Development 585 12.9.1 Base Demand Models 586 12.9.2 Trend Models 586 12.9.3 Linear Regression Method 586 12.9.4 Seasonal Models 588 12.9.5 Stationarity 588 12.9.6 WLS Estimation Process 590 12.9.7 Order and Variance Estimation 591 12.9.8 Yule-Walker Equations 592 12.9.9 Durbin-Levinson Algorithm 595 12.9.10 Innovations Estimation for MA and ARMA Processes 598 12.9.11 ARIMA Overall Process 600 12.10 Artificial Neural Networks 603 12.10.1 Introduction to Artificial Neural Networks 604 12.10.2 Artificial Neurons 605 12.10.3 Neural network applications 606 12.10.4 Hopfield Neural Networks 606 12.10.5 Feed-Forward Networks 607 12.10.6 Back-Propagation Algorithm 610 12.10.7 Interior Point Linear Programming Algorithms 613 12.11 Model Integration 614 12.12 Demand Prediction 614 12.12.1 Hourly System Demand Forecasts 615 12.12.2 One-Step Ahead Forecasts 615 12.12.3 Hourly Bus Demand Forecasts 616 12.13 Conclusion 616 Problems 617 Index 620
£107.06
John Wiley & Sons Inc Computer Modelling of Electrical Power Systems 2e
Book SynopsisComputer models can be used to simulate the changing states of electrical power systems. Such simulations enable the power engineer to study performance and predict disturbances. Focusing on the performance of the power system boosted by the FACTS.Table of ContentsPreface. Introduction. Transmission Systems. FACTS and HVDC Transmission. Load Flow. Load Flow Under Power Electronic Control. Electromagnetic Transients. System Stability. System Stability Under Power Electronic Control. Appendix I: Fault Level Derivation. Appendix II: Numerical Integration Methods. Appendix III: Test System Used in the Stability Examples. Index.
£173.66
John Wiley & Sons Inc Transient Stability of Power Systems
Book SynopsisAn in-depth treatment of the transient stability problem, its physical description and formulation. Discusses methods for transient stability analysis, sensitivity assessment and control. Considers conventional and non-conventional techniques including direct and artificial intelligence, system theory, load modeling, evaluation of machine parameters, saturation effects and pattern recognition approaches. Features practical examples and simulation results.Table of ContentsSynchronous Machines--Mathematical Description. Modeling of Power Systems for Stability Studies. Conventional Methods of Analysis. Lyapunov-Like Direct Methods. Extended Equal-Area Criterion. Decision Tree Transient Stability Method. Composite Electromechanical Distance Method. Appendices. References. Index.
£435.56
