Energy, power generation, distribution and storage Books
Taylor & Francis Ltd Efficiency and Power in Energy Conversion and
Book SynopsisThis book provides fundamental theoretical concepts for the understanding, the modelling, and the optimisation of energy conversion and storage devices. The discussion is based on the general footing of efficiency-power relations and energy-power relations (Ragone plots). Efficiency and Power in Energy Conversion and Storage: Basic Physical Concepts, is written for engineers and scientists with a bachelor-degree level of knowledge in physics. It contains: An introductory motivation of the topic A review on equilibrium thermodynamics A primer to linear non-equilibrium thermodynamics and irreversible processes An introduction to endo-reversible thermodynamics The basics on the theory of Ragone plots Trade Review"The book is a fundamental contribution towards an efficient use of energy resources." --Dr. Alfred Rufer, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Table of ContentsIntroduction. Ragone Plots. Thermodynamics Basics. Energy, Entropy, and Efficiency. Entropy Production Rate. Endoreversible Thermodynamics. Entropy Generation Minimization. Efficiency-Power Relations. The Endoreversible Carnot Engine. Thermal Heat Storage. Battery Capacitor. Kinetic Energy Storage Devices. Electro-Motor. Super-Capacitor With Frequency Dependent Impedance. Piezoelectric Energy Harvester. Economic Optimization. Net Present Value. Applications. Other Power Maximization Problems. Wind Turbine. Photovoltaics. Solar Power.
£45.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd Smart Cities
Book SynopsisThis book discusses the integration of power electronics, renewable energy, and the Internet of Things (IoT) from the perspective of smart cities in a single volume. The text will be helpful for senior undergraduate, graduate students and academic researchers in diverse engineering fields including electrical, electronics and communication, and computers. The book: Covers the integration of power electronics, energy harvesting, and the IoT for smart city applications Discusses concepts of power electronics and the IoT in electric vehicles for smart cities Examines the integration of power electronics in renewable energy for smart cities Discusses important concepts of energy harvesting including solar energy harvesting, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controllers, and switch-mode power supplies (SMPS) Explores IoT connectivity technologies such as long-term evolution (LTE), narrow band NB-IoT, long-range (LoRa), Bluetooth, and ZigBee (ITable of Contents1. Fundamentals of Power Electronics in Smart Cities. 2. Fundamentals of Renewable Energy Resources for Smart Cities. 3. Fundamentals of Internet of Things (IoT) for Smart Cities. 4. Role and Applications of Power Electronics, Renewable Energy ;and IoT in Smart Cities. 5. Smart Grid Concept and Technologies for Smart Cities. 6. Smart Agriculture for Smart Cities. 7. Deep Learning-Based Autonomous Vehicle to Vehicle Detection for Smart Traffic Monitoring in Smart Cities. 8. Integration of Power Electronics in Renewable Energy for Smart Cities. 9. Integration of IoT in Renewable Energy for Smart Cities. 10. Power Electronics and IoT for Electric Vehicles in Smart Cities. 11: Machine Learning-Based DNS Traffic Monitoring for Securing IoT Networks. 12: Machine Learning in Power Electronics for Smart Cities. 13: Machine Learning in Renewable Energy Systems for Smart Cities.
£45.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd Early WarningBased Multihazard and Disaster
Book SynopsisThis book describes in detail disaster management principles with applications through software and early warning systems. The aim is to introduce the concept of advanced technology for disaster management. Hence, it starts with a basic introduction and the types of disasters this technology will address. It then examines these functions by taking into account various factors vulnerable to disaster losses. Finally, the results are discussed with the aid of software: OPNET and SAHANA Disaster Management Tool. The application of sensor systems to manage a disaster is also extensively discussed.Features Introduces the concept of disaster management from the perspective of application of advanced technologies for disaster management Provides an overview of applied electronics for disaster applications Examines the role of efficient and robust Information and Communication Technology (ICT) systems for reduction ofTrade Review"This book is for those interested in the technical aspects of the various systems under discussion—those just starting to gain knowledge in this area of emergency planning and management, those interested in learning about the technology, and the experienced technical emergency planner wishing to enhance his or her knowledge. This book is heavily referenced, packed with details on the various systems presented, and—despite its technical nature—easy to read."Glen Kitteringham, ASIS Security Management, USA Table of Contents1. Introduction. 2. Disaster Management and Early Warning Systems. 3. Disaster Engineering Computer Tools. 4. Early Warning System: A Use Case Scenario. 5. Early Warning System Architecture. 6. Modelling and Simulation of a Civionics Multihazard Early Warning System. 7. Multihazard Disaster Engineering during the Response Phase. 8. Conclusion and Future Directions.
£104.50
Taylor & Francis Ltd Modeling Control Estimation and Optimization for
Book SynopsisDue to increasing economic and environmental pressures, small-scale grids have received increasing attention in the last fifteen years. These renewable sources, such as solar PVs, wind turbines, and fuel cells, integrated with grid, have changed the way we live our lives. This book describes microgrid dynamics modeling and nonlinear control issues from introductory to the advanced steps. The book addresses the most relevant challenges in microgrid protection and control including modeling, uncertainty, stability issues, local control, coordination control, power quality, and economic dispatch.Table of Contents1. Fuzzy Modeling and Control of PV Generators 2. Fuzzy Modeling and Control of Wind Power 3. Fuzzy Modeling and Control Energy Storage Systems 4. Centralized Fuzzy Control 5. Decentralized Fuzzy Control 6.Distributed Fuzzy Control 7. Operation of Microgrid 8.Optimization of Microgrid 9.Fuzzy Control with Network-Induced Delay 10. Event-Triggered Fuzzy Control 11. Estimation and Compensation for TDS Attack
£109.25
Taylor & Francis Ltd Wind Energy Renewable Energy and the Environment
Book SynopsisThe utilization of wind power and other renewable energy sources has been growing at a phenomenal rate. Wind Energy, Third Edition explores the wind industry from its inception in the 1970s to today; presents the design, aerodynamics, operation, control, applications, as well as different types of wind turbines. An overview of energy examines world consumption and use of fossil fuels, and includes a section on global climate change. It covers the characteristics of wind, such as shear, power potential, and turbulence, and discusses the measurement and siting of individual wind turbines and wind farms. It also discusses the political and economic factors regarding the adoption of wind as an energy source.Features Includes updates throughout, and adds new material on wind forecasting, offshore wind, decommissioning and repowering wind farms, and more Illustrates the need for a shift to renewable energy Table of ContentsIntroduction. Energy. Wind Characteristics. Wind Resource Assessment. Wind Turbines. Design of Wind Turbines. Electrical Issues. Performance. Siting. Applications and Wind Industry. Institutional Issues. Economics. Index.
£999.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd Electric Energy Systems
Book SynopsisElectric Energy Systems, Second Edition provides an analysis of electric generation and transmission systems that addresses diverse regulatory issues. It includes fundamental background topics, such as load flow, short circuit analysis, and economic dispatch, as well as advanced topics, such as harmonic load flow, state estimation, voltage and frequency control, electromagnetic transients, etc. The new edition features updated material throughout the text and new sections throughout the chapters. It covers current issues in the industry, including renewable generation with associated control and scheduling problems, HVDC transmission, and use of synchrophasors (PMUs). The text explores more sophisticated protections and the new roles of demand, side management, etc. Written by internationally recognized specialists, the text contains a wide range of worked out examples along with numerous exercises and solutions to enhance understanding of the material.Table of ContentsChapter 1 Electric Energy Systems: An Overview Chapter 2 Steady-State Single-Phase Models of Power System Components Chapter 3 Load Flow Chapter 4 State Estimation Chapter 5 Economics of Electricity Generation Chapter 6 Optimal and Secure Operation of Transmission Systems Chapter 7 Three-Phase Linear and Nonlinear Models of Power System Components Chapter 8 Fault Analysis and Protection Systems Chapter 9 Frequency and Voltage Control Chapter 10 Angle, Voltage, and Frequency Stability Chapter 11 Three-Phase Power Flow and Harmonic Analysis Chapter 12 Electromagnetic Transients Analysis Appendix A Solution of Linear Equation Systems Appendix B Mathematical Programing Appendix C Dynamic Models of Electric Machines
£137.75
Taylor & Francis Ltd Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines
Book SynopsisAerodynamics of Wind Turbines is the established essential text for the fundamental solutions to efficient wind turbine design. Now in its third edition, it has been substantially updated with respect to structural dynamics and control. The new control chapter now includes details on how to design a classical pitch and torque regulator to control rotational speed and power, while the section on structural dynamics has been extended with a simplified mechanical system explaining the phenomena of forward and backward whirling modes. Readers will also benefit from a new chapter on Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT).Topics covered include increasing mass flow through the turbine, performance at low and high wind speeds, assessment of the extreme conditions under which the turbine will perform and the theory for calculating the lifetime of the turbine. The classical Blade Element Momentum method is also covered, as are eigenmodes and the dynamic behaviour of a turbine.Table of ContentsPreface 1. General Introduction to Wind Turbines 2. 2-D Aerodynamics 3. 3-D Aerodynamics 4. 1-D Momentum Theory for an Ideal Wind Turbine 5. Shrouded Rotors 6. The Classical Blade Element Momentum Method 7. Control/Regulation and Safety Systems 8. Optimization 9. Unsteady BEM Model 10.Introduction to Loads and Structures 11. Beam Theory for the Wind Turbine Blade 12. Dynamic Structural Model of a Wind Turbine 13. Sources of Loads on a Wind Turbine 14. Wind Simulation 15. Fatigue 16. Vertical Axis Wind Turbines 17. Final Remarks Appendix A Appendix B
£171.00
Cambridge University Press WindDiesel Systems
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£118.75
Cambridge University Press Energy Storage Architecture
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£17.00
Cambridge University Press Transmission Lines
Book SynopsisThis rigorous treatment of transmission lines presents all the necessary concepts in a clear and straightforward manner. Key principles are demonstrated by numerous practical worked examples and illustrations, and complex mathematics is avoided throughout. An invaluable resource for students, researchers and professionals in electrical, RF and microwave engineering.Trade Review'… presents the theory from three perspectives: equivalent circuit model, electromagnetics, and photons … The end-of-chapter bibliographies are nicely categorized by subject to allow an easier review … Recommended.' B. Kordi, ChoiceTable of Contents1. Pulses on transmission lines; 2. Sine waves and networks; 3. Coupled transmission lines and circuits; 4. Transmission lines and electromagnetism; 5. Guided electromagnetic waves; 6. Attenuation in transmission lines; 7. Transmission lines and photons; 8. Further discussion of photons and other topics.
£42.74
Cambridge University Press Scientific Papers and Addresses of the Hon. Sir Charles A. Parsons
Book SynopsisOriginally published in 1934, this book contains a collection of papers written by Sir Charles Algernon Parsons, inventor of the steam turbine. The papers focus primarily on the steam turbine and Parsons' attempts to manufacture synthetic diamonds, and are prefaced by a memoir of Parsons written by Lord Rayleigh.Table of ContentsPreface G. L. Parsons; Foreword Lady Parsons; Some personal reminiscences of Sir Charles Parsons Lord Rayleigh; Part I: 1. The compound steam turbine and its theory, as applied to the working of dynamo-electric machines; 2. The application of the compound steam turbine to the purpose of marine propulsion; 3. Presidential address to the Institution of Junior Engineers; 4. Motive power - high-speed navigation - steam turbines; 5. The steam turbine and its application to the propulsion of vessels; 6. Presidential address to the engineering section of the British Association, 1904; 7. The steam turbine; 8. The steam turbine on land and sea; 9. The expansive working of steam in steam turbines; 10. The application of the marine steam turbine and mechanical gearing to merchant ships; 11. Experiments on the compression of liquids at high pressures; 12. The steam turbine; 13. The marine steam turbine from 1894 to 1910; 14. Presidential address to the North-East Coast Institution; 15. Presidential address to the British Association, 1919; 16. The rise of motive power and the work of Joule; 17. Presidential address to the institute of physics; 18. Steam turbines; 19. Some investigations into the cause of erosion of the tubes of surface condensers; 20. Recent progress in steam turbine plant; Part II: 21. Experiments on carbon at high temperatures and under great pressures, and in contact with other substances; 22. Some notes on carbon at high temperatures and pressures; 23. Experiments on the artificial production of diamond; Part III: Appendix A. The Parsons auxetophone; Appendix B. Optical glass; Appendix C. List of papers; Index.
£24.99
John Wiley & Sons Inc Modeling and Modern Control of Wind Power
Book SynopsisAn essential reference to the modeling techniques of wind turbine systems for the application of advanced control methods This book covers the modeling of wind power and application of modern control methods to the wind power controlspecifically the models of type 3 and type 4 wind turbines. The modeling aspects will help readers to streamline the wind turbine and wind power plant modeling, and reduce the burden of power system simulations to investigate the impact of wind power on power systems. The use of modern control methods will help technology development, especially from the perspective of manufactures. Chapter coverage includes: status of wind power development, grid code requirements for wind power integration; modeling and control of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine generator (WTG); optimal control strategy for load reduction of full scale converter (FSC) WTG; clustering based WTG model linearization; adaptive control of wind turbines for maximum power poinTable of ContentsList of Contributors xi About the CompanionWebsite xiii 1 Status of Wind Power Technologies 1Haoran Zhao and Qiuwei Wu 1.1 Wind Power Development 1 1.2 Wind Turbine Generator Technology 4 1.2.1 Type 1 4 1.2.2 Type 2 5 1.2.3 Type 3 5 1.2.4 Type 4 6 1.2.5 Comparison 7 1.2.6 Challenges withWind Power Integration 7 1.3 Conclusion 9 References 9 2 Grid Code Requirements for Wind Power Integration 11Qiuwei Wu 2.1 Introduction 11 2.2 Steady-state Operational Requirements 12 2.2.1 Reactive Power and Power Factor Requirements 12 2.2.2 Continuous Voltage Operating Range 17 2.2.3 Frequency Operating Range and Frequency Response 18 2.2.4 Power Quality 24 2.3 Low-voltage Ride Through Requirement 26 2.3.1 LVRT Requirement in the UK 26 2.3.2 LVRT Requirement in Ireland 29 2.3.3 LVRT Requirement in Germany (Tennet TSO GmbH) 30 2.3.4 LVRT Requirement in Denmark 31 2.3.5 LVRT Requirement in Spain 31 2.3.6 LVRT Requirement in Sweden 32 2.3.7 LVRT Requirement in the USA 33 2.3.8 LVRT Requirement in Quebec and Alberta 34 2.4 Conclusion 36 References 36 3 Control of Doubly-fed Induction Generators for Wind Turbines 37Guojie Li and Lijun Hang 3.1 Introduction 37 3.2 Principles of Doubly-fed Induction Generator 37 3.3 PQ Control of Doubly-fed Induction Generator 40 3.3.1 Grid-side Converter 41 3.3.2 Rotor-side converter 43 3.4 Direct Torque Control of Doubly-fed Induction Generators 46 3.4.1 Features of Direct Torque Control 47 3.4.2 Application of Direct Torque Control in DFIGs 49 3.4.3 Principle of Direct Torque Control in DFIG 50 3.5 Low-voltage Ride Through of DFIGs 58 3.6 Conclusions 61 References 61 4 Optimal Control Strategies of Wind Turbines for Load Reduction 63Shuju Hu and Bin Song 4.1 Introduction 63 4.2 The Dynamic Model of aWind Turbine 64 4.2.1 Wind Conditions Model 64 4.2.2 Aerodynamic Model 64 4.2.3 Tower Model 66 4.2.4 DrivetrainModel 66 4.2.5 Electrical Control Model 67 4.2.6 Wind Turbine DynamicModel 67 4.3 Wind Turbine Individual Pitch Control 67 4.3.1 Control Implementation 68 4.3.2 Linearization of theWind Turbine Model 68 4.3.3 Controller Design 71 4.3.4 Simulation Analysis 73 4.4 Drivetrain Torsional Vibration Control 73 4.4.1 LQG Controller Design 73 4.4.2 Simulation Analysis 79 4.5 Conclusion 83 References 83 5 Modeling of Full-scale Converter Wind Turbine Generator 85Yongning Chi, Chao Liu, Xinshou Tian, Lei Shi, and Haiyan Tang 5.1 Introduction 85 5.2 Operating Characteristics of FSC-WTGs 88 5.3 FSC-WTG Model 89 5.3.1 Shaft Model 89 5.3.2 Generator Model 91 5.3.3 Full-scale Converter Model 94 5.4 Full Scale Converter Control System 96 5.4.1 Control System of Generator-side Converter 97 5.4.2 Grid-side Converter Control System 101 5.5 Grid-connected FSC-WTG Stability Control 107 5.5.1 Transient Voltage Control of Grid-side Converter 108 5.5.2 Additional DC Voltage Coupling Controller 108 5.5.3 Simulations 109 5.6 Conclusion 114 References 114 6 Clustering-based Wind Turbine Generator Model Linearization 117Haoran Zhao and Qiuwei Wu 6.1 Introduction 117 6.2 Operational Regions of Power-controlledWind Turbines 118 6.3 SimplifiedWind Turbine Model 119 6.3.1 Aerodynamics 119 6.3.2 Drivetrain 120 6.3.3 Generator 120 6.3.4 Tower 121 6.3.5 Pitch Actuator 121 6.4 Clustering-based IdentificationMethod 122 6.5 Discrete-time PWA Modeling ofWind Turbines 123 6.5.1 Identification of Aerodynamic Torque Ta 123 6.5.2 Identification of Generator Torque Tg 123 6.5.3 Identification of Thrust Force Ft 124 6.5.4 Identification of Correction Factor Kc 125 6.5.5 Formulation of A′ d and B′ d 126 6.5.6 Region Construction through Intersection 126 6.5.7 PWA Model of aWind Turbine 126 6.6 Case Study 127 6.6.1 LowWind Speed Case 128 6.6.2 HighWind Speed Case 129 6.7 Conclusion 131 References 131 7 Adaptive Control of Wind Turbines for Maximum Power Point Tracking 133Haoran Zhao and Qiuwei Wu 7.1 Introduction 133 7.1.1 Hill-climbing Search Control 134 7.1.2 Power Signal Feedback Control 135 7.1.3 Tip-speed Ratio Control 135 7.2 Generator Control System forWECSs 135 7.2.1 Speed Reference Calculation 136 7.2.2 Generator Torque Control 138 7.2.3 Speed Control 139 7.3 Design of óD1 Adaptive Controller 140 7.3.1 Problem Formulation 140 7.3.2 Architecture of the óD1 Adaptive Controller 140 7.3.3 Closed-loop Reference System 142 7.3.4 Design of óD1 Adaptive Controller Parameters 142 7.4 Case Study 144 7.4.1 Wind Speed Estimation 144 7.4.2 MPPT Performance 144 7.5 Conclusion 147 References 148 8 Distributed Model Predictive Active Power Control of Wind Farms 151Haoran Zhao and Qiuwei Wu 8.1 Introduction 151 8.2 Wind Farm without Energy Storage 152 8.2.1 Wind Farm Control Structure 152 8.2.2 Load Evaluation of theWind Turbine 154 8.2.3 MPC Problem Formulation 154 8.2.4 Standard QP Problem 156 8.2.5 Parallel Generalized Fast Dual Gradient Method 158 8.3 Wind Farm Equipped with Energy Storage 160 8.3.1 Wind Farm Control Structure 160 8.3.2 Modelling of ESS Unit 161 8.3.3 MPC Problem Formulation 162 8.4 Case Study 163 8.4.1 Wind Farm Control based on D-MPC without ESS 163 8.4.2 Wind Farm Control based on D-MPC with ESS 166 8.5 Conclusion 171 References 172 9 Model Predictive Voltage Control ofWind Power Plants 175Haoran Zhao and Qiuwei Wu 9.1 Introduction 175 9.2 MPC-basedWFVC 176 9.3 Sensitivity Coefficient Calculation 178 9.3.1 Voltage Sensitivity to Reactive Power 178 9.3.2 Voltage Sensitivity to Tap Position 179 9.4 Modeling ofWTGs and SVCs/SVGs 180 9.4.1 WTG Modeling 180 9.4.2 SVC/SVG Modeling 181 9.4.3 General Composite Model 182 9.5 Coordination with OLTC 183 9.6 Formulation of MPC Problem forWFVC 184 9.6.1 Corrective Voltage Control Mode 184 9.6.2 Preventive Voltage Control Mode 186 9.7 Case Study 186 9.7.1 Scenario 1: Normal Operation 187 9.7.2 Scenario 2: Operation with Disturbances 187 9.8 Conclusion 190 References 191 10 Control of Wind Farm Clusters 193Yan Li, Ningbo Wang, Linjun Wei, and Qiang Zhou 10.1 Introduction 193 10.2 Active Power and Frequency Control of Wind Farm Clusters 194 10.2.1 Active Power Control Mode of Wind Farms 194 10.2.2 Active Power Control Strategy of Wind Farm Cluster 198 10.2.3 AGC of Wind Farm Cluster 200 10.3 Reactive Power and Voltage Control of Wind Farms 200 10.3.1 Impact of Wind Farm on Reactive Power Margin of the System 200 10.3.2 Reactive Voltage Control Measures for Wind Farms 202 10.3.3 Reactive Voltage Control Strategy of Wind Farm Cluster 208 10.3.4 Wind Farm AVC Design Scheme 210 10.4 Conclusion 213 References 213 11 Fault Ride Through Enhancement of VSC-HVDC Connected Offshore Wind Power Plants 215Ranjan Sharma, Qiuwei Wu, Kim Høj Jensen, Tony Wederberg Rasmussen, and Jacob Østergaard 11.1 Introduction 215 11.2 Modeling and Control of VSC-HVDC-connected Offshore WPPs 216 11.2.1 Modeling of VSC-HVDC-connected WPP with External Grid 217 11.2.2 Modeling of VSC-HVDC-connected WPP 217 11.2.3 Control of WPP-side VSC 220 11.3 Feedforward DC Voltage Control based FRT Technique for VSC-HVDC-connected WPP 222 11.4 Time-domain Simulation of FRT for VSC-HVDC-connected WPPs 223 11.4.1 Test System for Case Studies 224 11.4.2 Case Study 224 11.5 Conclusions 229 References 230 12 Power Oscillation Damping from VSC-HVDC-connected Offshore Wind Power Plants 233Lorenzo Zeni 12.1 Introduction 233 12.1.1 HVDC Connection of Offshore WPPs 233 12.1.2 Power Oscillation Damping from Power Electronic Sources 234 12.2 Modelling for Simulation 235 12.2.1 HVDC System 235 12.2.2 Wind Power Plant 237 12.2.3 Power System 238 12.3 POD from Power Electronic Sources 238 12.3.1 Study Case 238 12.3.2 POD Controller 241 12.3.3 Practical Considerations for Parameter Tuning 241 12.4 Implementation on VSC-HVDC-connected WPPs 245 12.4.1 Realization of POD Control 245 12.4.2 Demonstration on Study Case 246 12.4.3 Practical Considerations on Limiting Factors 248 12.5 Conclusion 254 Acknowledgement 254 References 254 Index 257
£109.20
Taylor & Francis Inc Performance Evaluation of Computer and
Book SynopsisThis book is written for computer engineers and scientists active in the development of software and hardware systems. It supplies the understanding and tools needed to effectively evaluate the performance of individual computer and communication systems. It covers the theoretical foundations of the field as well as specific software packages being employed by leaders in the field.Trade Review… written by a scientist successful in performance evaluation, it is based on his experience and provides many ideas not only to laymen entering the field, but also to practitioners looking for inspiration. The work can be read systematically as a textbook on how to model and test the derived hypotheses on the basis of simulations. Also, separate parts can be studied, as the chapters are self-contained. … the book can be successfully used either for self-study or as a supplementary book for a lecture. I believe that different types of readers will like it: practicing engineers and researchers dealing with new solutions, as well as graduate students starting their adventures in the jungle of performance evaluation. —Piotr Cholda, in IEEE Communications Magazine, October 2011Table of ContentsMethodologyWhat is Performance Evaluation ? Factors Evaluation Methods The Scientific Method Performance Patterns Summarizing Performance Data, Confidence IntervalsSummarized Performance DataConfidence IntervalsThe Independence AssumptionPrediction IntervalWhich Summarization To Use?Other Aspects of Confidence/Prediction IntervalsProofs Model FittingModel Fitting CriteriaLinear Regression Linear Regression with Norm Minimization Choosing a DistributionHeavy TailProofs TestsThe Neyman Pearson FrameworkLikelihood Ratio TestsANOVAAsymptotic ResultsOther TestsProofs ForecastingWhat is Forecasting ? Linear Regression The Overfitting ProblemDifferencing the DataFitting Differenced Data to an ARMA ModelSparse ARMA and ARIMA ModelsProofs Discrete Event SimulationWhat is a Simulation?Simulation TehniquesComputing the Accuracy of Stochastic SimulationsMonte Carlo SimulationRandom Number GeneratorsHow to Sample from a DistributionImportance SamplingProofs Palm Calculus, or the Importance of the ViewpointAn Informal IntroductionPalm CalculusOther Useful Palm Calculus ResultsSimulation Defined as Stochastic RecurrenceApplication to Markov Chain Models and the PASTA PropertyAppendix: Quick Review of Markov ChainsProofsReview Questions Queuing Theory for Those Who Cannot WaitDeterministic AnalysisOperational Laws For Queuing SystemsClassical Results for a Single QueueDefinitions for Queuing NetworksThe Product-Form Theorem Computational AspectsWhat This Tells UsMathematical Details About Product-Form Queuing NetworksCase Study Proofs Each chapter concludes with a Review that includes review questions.
£999.99
ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc Lead-Nickel Electrochemical Batteries
Book SynopsisThe lead-acid accumulator was introduced in the middle of the 19th Century, the diverse variants of nickel accumulators between the beginning and the end of the 20th Century. Although old, these technologies are always very present on numerous markets. Unfortunately they are still not used in optimal conditions, often because of the misunderstanding of the internal electrochemical phenomena. This book will show that batteries are complex systems, made commercially available thanks to considerable amounts of scientific research, empiricism and practical knowledge. However, the design of batteries is not fixed; it is subject to constant developments as a result of user feedback and validation processes which are often long and fastidious. This book attempts to show that it is not possible to consider a family of batteries as having fixed, applicable properties and characteristics whatever the application and the technology used in their manufacture. For this reason, the authors have chosen to present the fundamental electrochemical and chemical phenomena involved in as simple and as clear a way as possible. It is essential to be aware of these mechanisms in order to develop suitable theoretical models. This work will be of particular interest to those working in the field of electrical engineering and to industrialists, the final users of these technologies. It will also be of interest to electrochemists, as experts in lead or nickel batteries are becoming fewer and farther between, and their knowledge and practical skills are steadily being lost. Contents Part 1. Universal Characteristics of Batteries 1. Definitions and Methods of Measurement. Part 2. Lead–Acid Batteries 2. The Operation of Lead–Acid Batteries. 3. Internal Composition and Types of Lead–Acid Batteries. 4. Lead Batteries: Main Characteristics. 5. Manufacturing Starting, Lighting and Ignition Batteries. Part 3. Introduction to Nickel-Based Batteries 6. Nickel–Cadmium Batteries. 7. Nickel–Metal Hydride Batteries. 8. Other Nickel-Based Batteries.Table of ContentsPreface xv Acknowledgments xvii Introduction xix PART 1. UNIVERSAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BATTERIES 1 Chapter 1. Definitions and Methods of Measurement 3 1.1. Introduction 3 1.2. Terminology 3 1.3. Definitions of characteristics 7 1.4. Battery states 20 1.5. Faradic efficiency 32 1.6. Charge coefficient 34 1.7. Overcharge coefficient 34 1.8. Energy efficiency 34 1.9. Self-discharge 36 1.10. Acceptance current 37 1.11. Conclusion 37 1.12. Appendix: Nernst’s law 38 1.13. Solutions to exercises 48 PART 2. Lead–ACID BATTERIES 55 Chapter 2. The Operation of Lead–Acid Batteries 59 2.1. Principles of operation 59 2.2. Properties due to electrochemical reactions 80 2.3. Polarity inversion 96 2.4. Effects of temperature, aging and thermal runaway 97 2.5. Failure modes 100 2.6. Appendices 107 2.7. Solutions to exercises 110 Chapter 3. Internal Composition and Types of Lead–Acid Batteries 115 3.1. Composition of lead–acid batteries 115 3.2. Families of lead–acid batteries 126 3.3. Other battery types and future prospects 132 Chapter 4. Lead Batteries: Main Characteristics 135 4.1. Introduction 135 4.2. Electrical characteristics 135 4.3. Charge of lead batteries 149 4.4. Energy management 155 4.5. SOC indicator 156 4.6. Conditions of use 162 4.7. Economic considerations 171 4.8. Applicable standards 174 4.9. Future developments 175 4.10. To find out more 176 4.11. Solutions to exercises 176 Chapter 5. Manufacturing Starting, Lighting and Ignition Batteries 181 5.1. Introduction 181 5.2. Manufacturing an SLI battery 182 5.3. Raw materials 184 5.4. Different ways of manufacturing lead SLI batteries 189 5.5. Composition of the paste 201 5.6. Pasting the grids 204 5.7. Curing of the plates 204 5.8. Assembly 209 5.9. Formation of the battery 218 5.10. Final test and dispatch 225 5.11. Solutions to exercises 225 PART 3. INTRODUCTION TO NICKEL-BASED BATTERIES 227 Chapter 6. Nickel–Cadmium Batteries 229 6.1. Introduction 229 6.2. Operating principle 230 6.3. Main characteristics 236 Chapter 7. Nickel–Metal Hydride Batteries 251 7.1. Introduction 251 7.2. Operating principle 252 7.3. Main characteristics 256 7.4. Solution to exercise 271 Chapter 8. Other Nickel-Based Batteries 273 8.1. Introduction 273 8.2. Nickel–iron batteries 273 8.3. Nickel–zinc batteries 277 8.4. More information on nickel-based batteries 286 8.4.1. Resources and properties of nickel 286 8.4.2. Recycling channels for nickel-based batteries 286 8.4.3. Bibliography 287 Conclusion 289 Index 291
£135.80
