Electronics and communications engineering Books

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Book SynopsisBroadband is the great infrastructure challenge of the early 21st century. Like electricity a century ago, broadband is a foundation for economic growth, job creation, global competitiveness and a better way of life. It is enabling entire new industries and unlocking vast new possibilities for existing ones. It is changing how we educate children, deliver health care, manage energy, ensure public safety, engage government, and access, organise and disseminate knowledge. But broadband in America is not all it needs to be. Approximately 100 million Americans do not have broadband at home. This book explores and analyses The National Broadband Plan.

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Book SynopsisIn a society predicated on information, the media has a pervasive presence. From government policy to leisure television, the information age touches us all. The papers collected in this book constitute some of today''s leading analyses of the information industry. Together, these essays represent a needed foundation for understanding the present state and future development of the mass media. Current trends in communications as well as media impact on public opinion are studied and reported on.

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Book SynopsisBased on previous research and experience on the study of WEB2.0 applications, this book provides a broad introduction to WEB2.0 application, blogging and political blogging. Several methodologies for studying blogs communication patterns through the study of blogs links are presented. After presenting a wide literature review, the book presents and explains how a hyperlink analysis of blogs can be made. Techniques derived from Social Networking Theory and Multivariate Statistics are presented and applied in a case study regarding Greek political blogs. The study analyses connectivity patterns of Greek political blogs using Social Networking Analysis of the blogs and identifies focal conversational points. This book offers both bibliographical information and a set of methodological tools for those interested in studying blogging and communication patterns between blogs.

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Book SynopsisSince 11 September 2001, when communication failures contributed to the tragedies of the day, Congress has passed several laws intended to create a nationwide emergency communications capability. The United States has continued to strive for a solution that assures seamless communications among first responders and emergency personnel at the scene of a major disaster. To address this problem, Congress included provisions in the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012, for planning, building, and managing a new, nationwide, broadband network for public safety communications, and assigned additional spectrum to accommodate the new network. This book explores public safety broadband and communication networks with a focus on new policies for spectrum management and wireless innovation that would facilitate the transition to IP-enabled networks. Acceleration of innovation in next-generation wireless technologies would likely benefit not only public safety communications but also all consumers of wireless service and the American economy.

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Book SynopsisThe passage of the 1996 Telecommunications Act resulted in a major revision of the Communications Act of 1934 to address the emergence of competition in what were previously considered to be monopolistic markets. Since its passage, however, the advancement of broadband technology to supply data, voice, and video; the growing convergence of the telecommunications and media sectors; and the growth in demand for usable radio frequency spectrum has led to a consensus that the laws that govern these sectors have become inadequate to address this rapidly changing environment and have, according to a growing number of policy-makers, made it necessary to consider revising the current regulatory framework. This book provides an overview of selected topics that, while far from a definitive list, provide a broad overview of issues that are central to the telecommunications/media convergence debate. The issues covered in this book include broadband deployment, broadband regulation and access, broadcast media ownership rules, funding for the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, emergency communications, legal issues regarding facilities siting, Federal Communications Commission oversight and reform, Internet governance and the domain name system, reauthorization of statutory copyright and communications provisions in the Satellite Television Extension and Localism Act, spectrum policy and wireless broadband deployment, and Universal Service Fund reform.

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Book SynopsisIn modern society, the utility power grid is supposed to guarantee load management, demand side management, as well as to use the market price of electricity and forecasting of energy (eg: based on wind and solar renewable sources) in order to optimise the whole electrical distribution system. An optimised power system is expected to have the following characteristics: high efficiency, high availability, good quality of service and high level of security, which leads to the concepts of distributed generation and smart-grid. This book discusses different emerging technologies, principles and applications of power electronics and hydroelectric power. Some of the topics discussed include parallel three-phase back-to-back converters; risk management of hydropower projects; and cascade converters for wide conversion ratios.

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Book SynopsisRaspberry Pi is a small, clever, British-built computer that's packed with potential. Made using a desktop-class, energy-efficient processor, Raspberry Pi is designed to help you learn coding, discover how computers work, and build your own amazing things. This book was written to show you just how easy it is to get started. Learn how to set up your Raspberry Pi, install its operating system, and start using this fully functional computer. Start coding projects, with step-by-step guides using the Scratch 3, Python, and MicroPython programming languages. Experiment with connecting electronic components, and have fun creating amazing projects. This revised edition is updated for the latest Raspberry Pi computers: Raspberry Pi 5 and Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W as well as the latest Raspberry Pi OS. It also includes a new chapter on the Raspberry Pi Pico!Table of ContentsChapter 1: Get to know your Raspberry Pi Chapter 2: Getting started with your Raspberry Pi Chapter 3: Using your Raspberry Pi Chapter 4: Programming with Scratch 3 Chapter 5: Programming with Python Chapter 6: Physical computing with Scratch and Python Chapter 7: Physical computing with the Sense HAT Chapter 8: Raspberry Pi Camera Modules Chapter 9: Raspberry Pi Pico and Pico W Appendix A: Install an operating system to a microSD card Appendix B: Installing and uninstalling software Appendix C: The command-line interface Appendix D: Further reading Appendix E: Raspberry Pi Configuration Tool Appendix F: Raspberry Pi specifications

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Book SynopsisProfessor D.V.S. Murty shares his expertise in Instrumentation Engineering, covering transducers, industrial sensors, signal processing, data display, and telemetry systems with a focus on recent advancements. The book is enriched with examples and diagrams for easy understanding.

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Book SynopsisFrom the popular electronics author whose name is synonymous with clarity and practical sense, here is a comprehensive, plain-English compendium on the entire field of radio and wireless technology. Containing more than 1,000 concise articles, this one-stop source of user-friendly insight provides blanket coverage of one of the fastest-growing areas in communicationsÃfrom antennas and transmission lines, to analog and digital modulation techniques, to satellite, space, and laser communications. It also offers hundreds of clarifying illustrations, tables, and charts, and extensive cross-referencing, enabling professionals and hobbyists to quickly access a wealth of related material on any given topic. For mastering terminology, understanding technology and theory, or forming an overview of a single subject or the entire field, this reference is simply the best there is.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides an introduction, discussion, and formal-based modelling of trust theory and its applications in agent-based systems This book gives an accessible explanation of the importance of trust in human interaction and, in general, in autonomous cognitive agents including autonomous technologies. The authors explain the concepts of trust, and describe a principled, general theory of trust grounded on cognitive, cultural, institutional, technical, and normative solutions. This provides a strong base for the author's discussion of role of trust in agent-based systems supporting human-computer interaction and distributed and virtual organizations or markets (multi-agent systems). Key Features: Provides an accessible introduction to trust, and its importance and applications in agent-based systems Proposes a principled, general theory of trust grounding on cognitive, cultural, institutional, technical, and normative solTrade Review"I highly recommend this book to anyone who wants to delve deep into the concept of trust, in particular for use in computational applications and social simulations to strengthen awareness of complexity, complications and conundrums of trust." (JASSS, 2011) "Castelfranchi and Falcone's (both Italian National Research Council) is the first book providing an overview of the field of modeling trust and computational models of trust." (Book News, September 2010) Table of ContentsForeword xv Introduction 1 1 Definitions of Trust: From Conceptual Components to the General Core 7 1.1 A Content Analysis 8 1.2 Missed Components and Obscure Links 12 1.3 Intentional Action and Lack of Controllability: Relying on What is Beyond Our Power 15 1.4 Two Intertwined Notions of Trust: Trust as Attitude vs. Trust as Act 17 1.5 A Critique of Some Significant Definitions of Trust 19 1.5.1 Gambetta: Is Trust Only About Predictability? 19 1.5.2 Mayer, Davis, & Schoorman: Is Trust Only Willingness, for Any Kind of Vulnerability? 19 1.5.3 McKnight: The Black Boxes of Trust 21 1.5.4 Marsh: Is a Mere Expectation Enough for Modeling Trust? 21 1.5.5 Yamagishi: Mixing up the Act of Trusting and the Act of Cooperating 22 1.5.6 Trust as Based on Reciprocity 26 1.5.7 Hardin: Trust as Encapsulated Interest 26 1.5.8 Rousseau: What Kind of Intention is ‘Trust’? 30 References 31 2 Socio-Cognitive Model of Trust: Basic Ingredients 35 2.1 A Five-Part Relation and a Layered Model 36 2.1.1 A Layered Notion 36 2.1.2 Goal State and Side Effects 38 2.2 Trust as Mental Attitude: a Belief-Based and Goal-Based Model 38 2.2.1 Trust as Positive Evaluation 39 2.2.2 The ‘Motivational’ Side of Trust 44 2.2.3 The Crucial Notion of ‘Goal’ 45 2.2.4 Trust Versus Trustworthiness 47 2.2.5 Two Main Components: Competence Versus Predictability 47 2.2.6 Trustworthiness (and trust) as Multidimensional Evaluative Profiles 49 2.2.7 The Inherently Attributional Nature of Trust 50 2.2.8 Trust, Positive Evaluation and Positive Expectation 52 2.3 Expectations: Their Nature and Cognitive Anatomy 54 2.3.1 Epistemic Goals and Activity 54 2.3.2 Content Goals 55 2.3.3 The Quantitative Aspects of Mental Attitudes 56 2.3.4 The Implicit Counterpart of Expectations 58 2.3.5 Emotional Response to Expectation is Specific: the Strength of Disappointment 58 2.3.6 Trust is not Reducible to a Positive Expectation 60 2.4 ‘No Danger’: Negative or Passive or Defensive Trust 60 2.5 Weakening the Belief-Base: Implicit Beliefs, Acceptances, and Trust by-Default 62 2.6 From Disposition to Action 64 2.6.1 Trust That and Trust in 66 2.6.2 Trust Pre-disposition and Disposition: From Potential to Actual Trust 67 2.6.3 The Decision and Act of Trust Implies the Decision to Rely on 69 2.7 Can we Decide to Trust? 72 2.8 Risk, Investment and Bet 73 2.8.1 ‘Risk’ Definition and Ontology 74 2.8.2 What Kinds of Taken Risks Characterize Trust Decisions? 76 2.9 Trust and Delegation 77 2.9.1 Trust in Different Forms of Delegation 79 2.9.2 Trust in Open Delegation Versus Trust in Closed Delegation 80 2.10 The Other Parts of the Relation: the Delegated Task and the Context 82 2.10.1 Why Does X Trust Y? 82 2.10.2 The Role of the Context/Environment in Trust 83 2.11 Genuine Social Trust: Trust and Adoption 84 2.11.1 Concern 88 2.11.2 How Expectations Generate (Entitled) Prescriptions: Towards ‘Betrayal’ 88 2.11.3 Super-Trust or Tutorial Trust 89 2.12 Resuming the Model 91 References 92 3 Socio-Cognitive Model of Trust: Quantitative Aspects 95 3.1 Degrees of Trust: a Principled Quantification of Trust 95 3.2 Relationships between Trust in Beliefs and Trust in Action and Delegation 97 3.3 A Belief-Based Degree of Trust 98 3.4 To Trust or Not to Trust: Degrees of Trust and Decision to Trust 101 3.5 Positive Trust is not Enough: a Variable Threshold for Risk Acceptance/Avoidance 107 3.6 Generalizing the Trust Decision to a Set of Agents 111 3.7 When Trust is Too Few or Too Much 112 3.7.1 Rational Trust 112 3.7.2 Over-Confidence and Over-Diffidence 112 3.8 Conclusions 114 References 115 4 The Negative Side: Lack of Trust, Implicit Trust, Mistrust, Doubts and Diffidence 117 4.1 From Lack of Trust to Diffidence: Not Simply a Matter of Degree 117 4.1.1 Mistrust as a Negative Evaluation 118 4.2 Lack of Trust 119 4.3 The Complete Picture 120 4.4 In Sum 121 4.5 Trust and Fear 122 4.6 Implicit and by Default Forms of Trust 122 4.6.1 Social by-Default Trust 124 4.7 Insufficient Trust 125 4.8 Trust on Credit: The Game of Ignorance 126 4.8.1 Control and Uncertainty 126 4.8.2 Conditional Trust 127 4.8.3 To Give or Not to Give Credit 127 4.8.4 Distrust as Not Giving Credit 129 References 131 5 The Affective and Intuitive Forms of Trust: The Confidence We Inspire 133 5.1 Two Forms of ‘Evaluation’ 134 5.2 The Dual Nature of Valence: Cognitive Evaluations Versus Intuitive Appraisal 134 5.3 Evaluations 135 5.3.1 Evaluations and Emotions 136 5.4 Appraisal 137 5.5 Relationships Between Appraisal and Evaluation 138 5.6 Trust as Feeling 140 5.7 Trust Disposition as an Emotion and Trust Action as an Impulse 141 5.8 Basing Trust on the Emotions of the Other 142 5.9 The Possible Affective Base of ‘Generalized Trust’ and ‘Trust Atmosphere’ 143 5.10 Layers and Paths 143 5.11 Conclusions About Trust and Emotions 144 References 145 6 Dynamics of Trust 147 6.1 Mental Ingredients in Trust Dynamics 148 6.2 Experience as an Interpretation Process: Causal Attribution for Trust 150 6.3 Changing the Trustee’s Trustworthiness 154 6.3.1 The Case of Weak Delegation 154 6.3.2 The Case of Strong Delegation 158 6.3.3 Anticipated Effects: A Planned Dynamics 161 6.4 The Dynamics of Reciprocal Trust and Distrust 164 6.5 The Diffusion of Trust: Authority, Example, Contagion, Web of Trust 168 6.5.1 Since Z Trusts Y, Also X Trusts Y 168 6.5.2 Since X Trusts Y, (by Analogy) Z Trusts W 173 6.5.3 Calculated Influence 173 6.6 Trust Through Transfer and Generalization 174 6.6.1 Classes of Tasks and Classes of Agents 175 6.6.2 Matching Agents’ Features and Tasks’ Properties 175 6.6.3 Formal Analysis 177 6.6.4 Generalizing to Different Tasks and Agents 178 6.6.5 Classes of Agents and Tasks 182 6.7 The Relativity of Trust: Reasons for Trust Crisis 184 6.8 Concluding Remarks 188 References 189 7 Trust, Control and Autonomy: A Dialectic Relationship 191 7.1 Trust and Control: A Complex Relationship 191 7.1.1 To Trust or to Control? Two Opposite Notions 192 7.1.2 What Control is 192 7.1.3 Control Replaces Trust and Trust Makes Control Superflous? 195 7.1.4 Trust Notions: Strict (Antagonist of Control) and Broad (Including Control) 196 7.1.5 Relying on Control and Bonds Requires Additional Trust: Three Party Trust 198 7.1.6 How Control Increases and Complements Trust 200 7.1.7 Two Kinds of Control 201 7.1.8 Filling the Gap between Doing/Action and Achieving/Results 203 7.1.9 The Dynamics 204 7.1.10 Control Kills Trust 205 7.1.11 Resuming the Relationships between Trust and Control 206 7.2 Adjusting Autonomy and Delegation on the Basis of Trust in Y 206 7.2.1 The Notion of Autonomy in Collaboration 209 7.2.2 Delegation/Adoption Theory 209 7.2.3 The Adjustment of Delegation/Adoption 213 7.2.4 Channels for the Bilateral Adjustments 222 7.2.5 Protocols for Control Adjustments 223 7.2.6 From Delegation Adjustment to Autonomy Adjustment 225 7.2.7 Adjusting Meta-Autonomy and Realization-Autonomy of the Trustee 225 7.2.8 Adjusting Autonomy by Modyfing Control 226 7.2.9 When to Adjust the Autonomy of the Agents 227 7.3 Conclusions 230 References 232 8 The Economic Reductionism and Trust (Ir)rationality 235 8.1 Irrational Basis for Trust? 236 8.1.1 Is Trust a Belief in the Other’s Irrationality? 236 8.2 Is Trust an ‘Optimistic’ and Irrational Attitude and Decision? 239 8.2.1 The Rose-Tinted Glasses of Trust 239 8.2.2 Risk Perception 246 8.3 Is Trust Just the Subjective Probability of the Favorable Event? 247 8.3.1 Is Trust Only about Predictability? A Very Bad Service but a Sure One 247 8.3.2 Probability Collapses Trust ‘that’ and ‘in’ 248 8.3.3 Probability Collapses Internal and External (Attributions of) Trust 248 8.3.4 Probability Misses the Active View of Trust 250 8.3.5 Probability or Plausibility? 250 8.3.6 Probability Reduction Exposes to Eliminative Behavior: Against Williamson 250 8.3.7 Probability Mixes up Various Kinds of Beliefs, Evaluations, Expectations about the Trustee and Their Mind 252 8.4 Trust in Game Theory: from Opportunism to Reciprocity 254 8.4.1 Limiting Trust to the Danger of Opportunistic Behavior 255 8.4.2 ‘To Trust’ is not ‘to Cooperate’ 255 8.5 Trust Game: A Procuste’s Bed for Trust Theory 256 8.6 Does Trust Presuppose Reciprocity? 258 8.7 The Varieties of Trust Responsiveness 260 8.8 Trusting as Signaling 260 8.9 Concluding Remarks 261 References 261 9 The Glue of Society 265 9.1 Why Trust is the ‘Glue of Society’ 265 9.2 Trust and Social Order 266 9.2.1 Trust Routinization 268 9.3 How the Action of Trust Acquires the Social Function of Creating Trust 268 9.4 From Micro to Macro: a Web of Trust 270 9.4.1 Local Repercussions 270 9.4.2 Trans-Local Repercussions 271 9.5 Trust and Contracts 272 9.5.1 Do Contracts Replace Trust? 272 9.5.2 Increasing Trust: from Intentions to Contracts 272 9.5.3 Negotiation and Pacts: Trust as Premise and Consequence 275 9.6 Is Trust Based on Norms? 275 9.6.1 Does Trust Create Trust and does There Exist a Norm of Reciprocating Trust? 277 9.7 Trust: The Catalyst of Institutions 278 9.7.1 The Radical Trust Crisis: Institutional Deconstruction 279 References 279 10 On the Trustee’s Side: Trust As Relational Capital 281 10.1 Trust and Relational Capital 282 10.2 Cognitive Model of Being Trusted 284 10.2.1 Objective and Subjective Dependence 285 10.2.2 Dependence and Negotiation Power 289 10.2.3 Trust Role in Dependence Networks 292 10.3 Dynamics of Relational Capital 297 10.3.1 Increasing, Decreasing and Transferring 297 10.3.2 Strategic Behavior of the Trustee 300 10.4 From Trust Relational Capital to Reputational Capital 301 10.5 Conclusions 302 References 302 11 A Fuzzy Implementation for the Socio-Cognitive Approach to Trust 305 11.1 Using a Fuzzy Approach 306 11.2 Scenarios 306 11.3 Belief Sources 307 11.4 Building Belief Sources 307 11.4.1 A Note on Self-Trust 309 11.5 Implementation with Nested FCMs 310 11.6 Converging and Diverging Belief Sources 311 11.7 Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Sources 312 11.8 Modeling Beliefs and Sources 312 11.9 Overview of the Implementation 313 11.9.1 A Note on Fuzzy Values 315 11.10 Description of the Model 316 11.11 Running the Model 316 11.12 Experimental Setting 317 11.12.1 Routine Visit Scenario 317 11.12.2 Emergency Visit Scenario 319 11.12.3 Trustfulness and Decision 320 11.12.4 Experimental Discussion 321 11.12.5 Evaluating the Behavior of the FCMs 322 11.12.6 Personality Factors 322 11.13 Learning Mechanisms 323 11.13.1 Implicit Revision 324 11.13.2 Explicit Revision 324 11.13.3 A Taxonomy of Possible Revisions 325 11.14 Contract Nets for Evaluating Agent Trustworthiness 326 11.14.1 Experimental Setting 326 11.14.2 Delegation Strategies 327 11.14.3 The Contract Net Structure 328 11.14.4 Performing a Task 329 11.14.5 FCMs for Trust 329 11.14.6 Experiments Description 330 11.14.7 Using Partial Knowledge: the Strength of a Cognitive Analysis 333 11.14.8 Results Discussion 339 11.14.9 Comparison with Other Existing Models and Conclusions 341 References 342 12 Trust and Technology 343 12.1 Main Difference Between Security and Trust 344 12.2 Trust Models and Technology 345 12.2.1 Logical Approaches 346 12.2.2 Computational Approach 347 12.2.3 Different Kinds of Sources 347 12.2.4 Centralized Reputation Mechanisms 348 12.2.5 Decentralized Reputation Mechanisms 349 12.2.6 Different Kinds of Metrics 350 12.2.7 Other Models and Approaches to Trust in the Computational Framework 351 12.3 Concluding Remarks 354 References 354 13 Concluding Remarks and Pointers 359 13.1 Against Reductionism 359 13.2 Neuro-Trust and the Need for a Theoretical Model 360 13.3 Trust, Institutions, Politics (Some Pills of Reflection) 361 13.3.1 For Italy (All’Italia) 362 References 363 Index 365

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Book SynopsisThis classic opens with a history of the development of the infrared portion of the spectrum, probes the system engineering process, and then examines the characteristics of the successful system engineer. The next eleven chapters delve deeply into the elements of infrared technology.Table of ContentsPART 1. THE ELEMENTS OF THE INFRARED SYSTEM. Chapter 1. Introduction to Infrared System Engineering. Chapter 2. Infrared Radiation. Chapter 3. Source of Infrared Radiation. Chapter 4. transmission of Infrared Radiation Through the Earth's Atmosphere. Chapter 5. Optics. Chapter 6. Optical Modulation. Chapter 7. Introduction to Detectors. Chapter 8. Noise. Chapter 9. The Measurement of Detector Characteristics. Chapter 10. Modern Detectors and the Ultimate Limits on their Performance. Chapter 11. Techniques for Cooling Detectors. Chapter 12. Signal Processing and Displays. Chapter 13. The Analysis of Infrared Systems. Chapter 14. The Design of an Infrared Search System. PART II: THE APPLICATIONS OF INFRARED. Chapter 15. An Introduction to the Applications of Infrared techniques. Chapter 16. Military Applications of Infrared Techniques. Chapter 17. Industrial Applications of Infrared Techniques. Chapter 18. Medical Applications of Infrared Techniques. Chapter 19. Scientific Applications of Infrared Techniques. Appendix 1: The Symbols and Abbreviations Used in This Book. Appendix 2: Symbols and Nomenclature for Radiometry and Photometry. Appendix 3: Conversion Factors. Appendix 4: The Unpublished Literature of the Infrared. Index.

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive tutorial on the design and practical applications of antenna arrays An antenna array is an assembly of antenna elements that maximizes a received or transmitted signal in a desired direction. This practical book covers a wide range of antenna array topics that are becoming increasingly important in wireless applications, with emphasis on array design, applications, and computer modeling. Each chapter in Antenna Arrays builds upon the previous chapter, progressively addressing more difficult material. Beginning with basic electromagnetics/antennas/antenna systems information, the book then deals with the analysis and synthesis of arrays of point sources and their associated array factors. It presents a sampling of different antenna elements that replace these point sources, then presents element configurations that do not have to lie along a line or in a plane. The complex and difficult-to-predict interactions of elements and electromagnetTable of ContentsPreface. 1. Antenna Array Basics. 1.1. History of Antenna Arrays. 1.2. Electromagnetics for Array Analysis. 1.3. Solving for Electromagnetic Fields. 1.3.1. The Wave Equation. 1.3.2. Point Sources. 1.3.3. Hertzian Dipole. 1.3.4. Small Loop. 1.3.5. Plane Waves. 1.4. Antenna Models. 1.4.1. An Antenna as a Circuit Element. 1.4.2. An Antenna as a Spatial Filter. 1.4.3. An Antenna as a Frequency Filter. 1.4.4. An Antenna as a Collector. 1.4.5. An Antenna as a Polarization Filter. 1.5. Antenna Array Applications. 1.5.1. Communications System. 1.5.2. Radar System. 1.5.3. Radiometer. 1.5.4. Electromagnetic Heating. 1.5.5. Direction Finding. 1.6. Organization and Overview. References. 2. Array Factor Analysis. 2.1. The Array Factor. 2.1.1. Phase Steering. 2.1.2. End-Fire Array. 2.1.3. Main Beam Steering with Frequency. 2.1.4. Focusing. 2.2. Uniform Arrays. 2.2.1. Uniform Sum Patterns. 2.2.2. Uniform Difference Patterns. 2.3. Fourier Analysis of Linear Arrays. 2.4. Fourier Analysis of Planar Arrays. 2.5. Array Bandwidth. 2.6. Directivity. 2.7. Amplitude Tapers. 2.8. z Transform of the Array Factor. 2.9. Circular Arrays. 2.10. Direction Finding Arrays. 2.10.1. Adcock Array. 2.10.2. Orthogonal Linear Arrays. 2.11. Subarrays. 2.12. Errors. 2.12.1. Random Errors. 2.12.2. Quantization Errors. 2.13. Fractal Arrays. References. 3. Linear and Planar Array Factor Synthesis. 3.1. Synthesis of Amplitude and Phase Tapers. 3.1.1. Fourier Synthesis. 3.1.2. Woodward-Lawson Synthesis. 3.1.3. Least Squares Synthesis. 3.2. Analytical Synthesis of Amplitude Tapers. 3.2.1. Binomial Taper. 3.2.2. Dolph-Chebyshev Taper. 3.2.3. Taylor Taper. 3.2.4. Bickmore-Spellmire Taper. 3.2.5. Bayliss Taper. 3.2.6. Unit Circle Synthesis of Arbitrary Linear Array Factors. 3.2.7. Partially Tapered Arrays. 3.3. Numerical Synthesis of Low-Sidelobe Tapers. 3.4. Aperiodic Arrays. 3.4.1. Thinned Arrays. 3.4.2. Nonuniformly Spaced Arrays. 3.5. Low-Sidelobe Phase Taper. 3.6. Suppressing Grating Lobes Due to Subarray Weighting. 3.6.1. Subarray Tapers. 3.6.2. Thinned Subarrays. 3.7. Plane Wave Projection. 3.8. Interleaved Arrays. 3.9. Null Synthesis. References. 4. Array Factors and Element Patterns. 4.1. Pattern Multiplication. 4.2. Wire Antennas. 4.2.1. Dipoles. 4.2.2. Helical Antenna. 4.3. Aperture Antennas. 4.3.1. Apertures. 4.3.2. Open-Ended Waveguide Antennas. 4.3.3. Slots in Waveguides. 4.3.4. Horn Antennas. 4.4. Patch Antennas. 4.5. Broadband Antennas. 4.5.1. Spiral Antennas. 4.5.2. Dipole-Like Antennas. 4.5.3. Tapered Slot Antennas. 4.5.4. Dielectric Rod Antennas. References. 5. Nonplanar Arrays. 5.1. Arrays with Multiple Planar Faces. 5.2. Arrays on Singly Curved Surfaces. 5.2.1. Circular Adcock Array. 5.3. Arrays Conformal to Doubly Curved Surfaces. 5.4. Distributed Array Beamforming. 5.5. Time-Varying Arrays. 5.5.1. Synthetic Apertures. 5.5.2. Time-Modulated Arrays. 5.5.3. Time-Varying Array Element Positions. References. 6. Mutual Coupling. 6.1. Mutual Impedance. 6.2. Coupling Between Two Dipoles. 6.3. Method of Moments. 6.4. Mutual Coupling in Finite Arrays. 6.5. Infinite Arrays. 6.5.1. Infinite Arrays of Point Sources. 6.5.2. Infinite Arrays of Dipoles and Slots. 6.6. Large Arrays. 6.6.1. Fast Multipole Method. 6.6.2. Average Element Patterns. 6.6.3. Representative Element Patterns. 6.6.4. Center Element Patterns. 6.7. Array Blindness and Scanning. 6.8. Mutual Coupling Reduction/Compensation. References. 7. Array Beamforming Networks. 7.1. Transmission Lines. 7.2. S Parameters. 7.3. Matching Circuits. 7.4. Corporate and Series Feeds. 7.5. Slotted Waveguide Arrays. 7.5.1. Resonant Waveguide Arrays. 7.5.2. Traveling-Wave Waveguide Arrays. 7.6. Blass Matrix. 7.7. Butler Matrix. 7.8. Lenses. 7.8.1. Bootlace Lens. 7.8.2. Rotman Lens. 7.9. Refl ectarray. 7.10. Array Feeds for Refl ectors. 7.11. Array Feeds for Horn Antennas. 7.12. Phase Shifters. 7.13. Transmit/Receive Modules. 7.14. Digital Beamforming. 7.15. Neural Beamforming. 7.16. Calibration. References. 8. Smart Arrays. 8.1. Retrodirective Arrays. 8.2. Array Signals and Noise. 8.3. Direction of Arrival Estimation. 8.3.1. Periodogram. 8.3.2. Capon's Minimum Variance. 8.3.3. MUSIC Algorithm. 8.3.4. Maximum Entropy Method. 8.3.5. Pisarenko Harmonic Decomposition. 8.3.6. ESPRIT. 8.3.7. Estimating and Finding Sources. 8.4. Adaptive Nulling. 8.4.1. Sidelobe Blanking and Canceling. 8.4.2. Adaptive Nulling Using the Signal Correlation Matrix. 8.4.3. Adaptive Nulling via Power Minimization. 8.5. Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) System. 8.6. Reconfigurable Arrays. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisAn up-to-date analysis of the SAR wavefront reconstruction signal theory and its digital implementation. With the advent of fast computing and digital information processing techniques, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technology has become both more powerful and more accurate.Table of ContentsRange Imaging. Cross-Range Imaging. SAR Radiation Pattern. Generic Synthetic Aperture Radar. Spotlight Synthetic Aperture Radar. Stripmap Synthetic Aperture Radar. Circular Synthetic Aperture Radar. Monopulse Synthetic Aperture Radar. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book deals with the packaging of electronic equipment to prevent damage from vibration and exposure to large variations in temperature.Trade Review"...text s purpose is to show manufacturers how to design, analyze, and evaluate electronic systems for lower cost and improved reliability in harsh environments..." (SciTech Book News, Vol. 25, No. 4, December 2001)Table of ContentsPreface. Symbols. Physics of Failure In Electronic Systems. Thermal Expansion Displacements, Forces, and Stresses. Vibration of Beams and Other Simple Structures. Vibration of Printed Circuit Boards and Flat Plates. Estimating Fatigue Life in Thermal Cycling and VibrationEnvironments. Octave Rule, Snubbers, Dampers, and Isolation for PreventingVibration Damage to Electronic Systems. Displacements, Forces, and Stresses in Axial Leaded ComponentWires Due to Thermal Expansions. Designing Electronic Equipment for Sinusoidal Vibration. Assessment of Random Vibration on Electronic Design. Combining Fatigue Damage for Random Vibration and Thermal Cycling. Thermal Cycling Failures in Surface-Mounted Components. Stresses and Fatigue Life in Component Lead Wires and SolderJoints Due to Dynamic Forces and PCB Displacements. Fatigue Life of Long Components, Tall Components, and SmallComponents Mounted on PCBs. Wear and Interface Surface Fretting Corrosion in ElectricalConnectors. Case Histories of Failures and Failure Analyses. Bibliography. Index.

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Book Synopsis"Dennis Palumbo has great insight into a writer s psyche. Every writer should have a shrink or this book. The book is cheaper. " -Gary Shandling, actor, comic, and writer "wise, compassionate, and funny.Table of ContentsForeword ix Acknowledgments xiii Introduction 1 Part One THE WRITING LIFE Writer’s Block 15 Your “Baby” 19 Inspiration 23 The Buddy System 26 It’s Alive! 29 Your “Precious Darlings” 32 Writing Begets Writing 35 Part Two YOU ARE ENOUGH Simple, but Not Easy 45 What Really Happened. . . . 49 “For I Have Done Good Work” 53 On the Couch 57 “You’re No John Updike!” 61 Part Three GRIST FOR THE MILL Envy 69 Faith and Doubt 72 Fear 75 The Judge 79 Double-Barreled Blues 82 Myths, Fairy Tales, and Woody Allen 86 The Long View 91 Part Four THE REAL WORLD The Pitch 101 Rejection 105 That Sinking Feeling 108 Reinventing Yourself 112 Deadline Dread 115 Three Hard Truths 119 Part Five PAGE FRIGHT Gumption Traps 127 Procrastination 130 Patience 134 Perspective 138 In Praise of Goofing Off 141 Writing about Dogs 145 Going the Distance 148 Part Six THE REAL WORLD, PART II Agents 159 Home of the Heart 163 The Unknown 167 Lately, I Don’t Like the Things I Love 171 Ageism 175 Part Seven HANGING ON Commitment 185 News Flash: Writing Is Hard! 189 Burnout: A Modest Proposal 193 A Writer’s Library 197 A Stillness That Characterizes Prayer 201 Part Eight DISPATCHES FROM THE FRONT Phone Call from Paradise 211 The Idea Man 216 I’ve Come a Long Way on Paper 220 Loneliness 223 Larry: A True Story 226 Conclusion 239

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Book SynopsisThe first extensive reference on these important techniques The restructuring of the electric utility industry has created the need for a mechanism that can effectively coordinate the various entities in a power market, enabling them to communicate efficiently and perform at an optimal level. Communication and Control in Electric Power Systems, the first resource to address its subject in an extended format, introduces parallel and distributed processing techniques as a compelling solution to this critical problem. Drawing on their years of experience in the industry, Mohammad Shahidehpour and Yaoyu Wang deliver comprehensive coverage of parallel and distributed processing techniques with a focus on power system optimization, control, and communication. The authors begin with theoretical background and an overview of the increasingly deregulated power market, then move quickly into the practical applications and implementations of these pivotal techniques. ChapTable of ContentsPreface. 1. Introduction. 2. Parallel and Distributed Processing of Power Systems. 3. Information System for Control Centers. 4. Common Information Model and Middleware for Integration. 5. Parallel and Distributed Load Flow Computation. 6. Parallel and Distributed Load Flow of Distribution Systems. 7. Parallel and Distributed State Estimation. 8. Distributed Power System Security Analysis. 9. Hierarchical and Distributed Control of Voltage/VAR. 10. Transmission Congestion Management Based on Multi-Agent Theory. 11. Integration, Control, and Operation of Distributed Generation. 12. Special Topics in Power System Information System. Appendix A. Example System Data. Appendix B. Measurement Data for Distributed State Estimation. Appendix C. IEEE-30 Bus System Data. Appendix D. Acronyms. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisDevice-independent reproduction of colour is the qualities of image reproduction achieved through the use of different input and output devices, for instance colour monitors and graphic user interfaces. This work provides a coverage of this key aspect of design and presentation. It is suitable for colour engineers, colour scientists, and students.Trade Review"...an excellent text that provides the essential tools, techniques and references required by those involved in colour management..." (Coloration Technology, Issue 3, 2003)Table of ContentsColour plate captions. Contributors. Series Preface. Preface. Light and colour (A. Tarrant). Instruments and methods for colour measurement (D. Rich). Colorimetry and colour difference (P. Green). The CIE 1997 colour appearance model: CIECAM97s (M. Luo). Colour notation systems (P. Rhodes). Overview of characterization methods (P. Green). Methods for characterizing displays (R. Berns and N. Katoh). Methods for characterizing colour scanners and digital cameras (T. Johnson). Color processing for digital photography (J. Holm, et al.). Characterizing hard copy printers (P. Green). Color management and transformation through ICC profiles (D. Wallner). Colour gamut determination (M. Mahy). Colour gamut mapping (J. Morovic). Implementation of device-independent color at Kodak (K. Spaulding and E. Giorgianni). Engineering color at Adobe (J. King). Colour management in digital film post-production (W. Lempp and L. Noriega). Managing color in digital image libraries (S. Süsstrunk). Standards activities for colour imaging (D. McDowell). Author biographies. Index.

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Book SynopsisDetails infallible techniques for designing electronic hardware to withstand severe thermal environments. Using both SI and English units throughout, it presents methods for the development of various reliable electronic systems without the need of high-speed computers. It also offers mathematical modeling applications, using analog resistor networks, to provide the breakup of complex systems into numerous individual thermal resistors and nodes for those who prefer high-speed digital computer solutions to thermal problems.Table of ContentsEvaluating the Cooling Requirements. Designing the Electronic Chassis. Conduction Cooling for Chassis and Circuit Boards. Mounting and Cooling Techniques for Electronic Components. Practical Guides for Natural Convection and RadiationCooling. Forced-Air Cooling for Electronics. Thermal Stresses in Lead Wires, Solder Joints, and PlatedThroughholes. Predicting the Fatigue Life in Thermal Cycling and VibrationEnvironment. Transient Cooling for Electronic Systems. Special Applications for Tough Cooling Jobs. Effective Cooling for Large Racks and Cabinets. Finite Element Methods for Mathematical Modeling. Environmental Stress Screening Techniques. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisDesigned as a source of facts, data, and definitions, this work reflects the developments in technology and practices in the United States and abroad. It is based on an unpublished revision of the standard reference in the German optics industry.Trade Review"…will provide optical engineers, practicing opticians as well as those engaged in optical design, testing and manufacturing, a very handy reference tool…" (E-STREAMS, September 2005)Table of ContentsPreface. Chapter 1. Optical Materials. Chapter 2. Material Production and Forms of Supply. Chapter 3. Optical Shop Supplies. Chapter 4. Tools and Fixtures. Chapter 5. Optical Fabrication—Methods and Machines. Chapter 6. Optical Shop Testing-Methods and Instruments. Index.

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Book SynopsisLeading experts explore the exotic properties and exciting applications of electromagnetic metamaterials Metamaterials: Physics and Engineering Explorations gives readers a clearly written, richly illustrated introduction to the most recent research developments in the area of electromagnetic metamaterials.Table of ContentsPreface. Contributors. PART I: DOUBLE-NEGATIVE (DNG) METAMATERIALS. SECTION I: THREE-DIMENSIONAL VOLUMETRIC DNG METAMATERIALS. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION, HISTORY, AND SELECTED TOPICS IN FUNDAMENTAL THEORIES OF METAMATERIALS (Richard W. Ziolkowski and Nader Engheta). 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Wave Parameters in DNG Media. 1.3 FDTD Simulations of DNG Media. 1.4 Causality in DNG Media. 1.5 Scattering from a DNG Slab. 1.6 Backward Waves. 1.7 Negative Refraction. 1.8 Phase Compensation with a DNG Medium. 1.9 Dispersion Compensation in a Transmission Line Using a DNG Medium. 1.10 Subwavelength Focusing with a DNG Medium. 1.11 Metamaterials with a Zero Index of Refraction. 1.12 Summary. References. CHAPTER 2: FUNDAMENTALS OF WAVEGUIDE AND ANTENNA APPLICATIONS INVOLVING DNG AND SNG METAMATERIALS (Nader Engheta, Andrea Alù, Richard W. Ziolkowski, and Aycan Erentok). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Subwavelength Cavities and Waveguides. 2.3 Subwavelength Cylindrical and Spherical Core–Shell Systems. 2.4 ENG–MNG and DPS–DNG Matched Metamaterial Pairs for Resonant Enhancements of Source-Generated Fields. 2.5 Efficient, Electrically Small Dipole Antennas: DNG Nested Shells. 2.6 Efficient, Electrically Small Dipole Antennas: ENG Nested Shells—Analysis. 2.7 Efficient, Electrically Small Dipole Antennas: HFSS Simulations of Dipole–ENG Shell Systems. 2.8 Metamaterial Realization of an Artificial Magnetic Conductor for Antenna Applications. 2.9 Zero-Index Metamaterials for Antenna Applications. 2.10 Summary. References. CHAPTER 3: WAVEGUIDE EXPERIMENTS TO CHARACTERIZE PROPERTIES OF SNG AND DNG METAMATERIALS (Silvio Hrabar). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Basic Types of Bulk Metamaterials with Inclusions. 3.3 Theoretical Analysis of Rectangular Waveguide Filled with General Metamaterial. 3.4 Investigation of Rectangular Waveguide Filled with 2D Isotropic ENG Metamaterial. 3.5 Investigation of Rectangular Waveguide Filled with 2D Isotropic MNG Metamaterial. 3.6 Investigation of Rectangular Waveguide Filled with 2D Uniaxial MNG Metamaterial. 3.7 Investigation of Rectangular Waveguide Filled with 2D Isotropic DNG Metamaterial. 3.8 Investigation of Subwavelength Resonator. 3.9 Conclusions. References. CHAPTER 4: REFRACTION EXPERIMENTS IN WAVEGUIDE ENVIRONMENTS (Tomasz M. Grzegorczyk, Jin Au Kong, and Ran Lixin). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Microscopic and Macroscopic Views of Metamaterials. 4.3 Measurement Techniques. 4.4 Conclusion. Acknowledgments. References. SECTION II: TWO-DIMENSIONAL PLANAR NEGATIVE-INDEX STRUCTURES. CHAPTER 5: ANTENNA APPLICATIONS AND SUBWAVELENGTH FOCUSING USING NEGATIVE-REFRACTIVE-INDEX TRANSMISSION LINE STRUCTURES (George V. Eleftheriades). 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Planar Transmission Line Media with Negative Refractive Index. 5.3 Zero-Degree Phase-Shifting Lines and Applications. 5.4 Backward Leaky-Wave Antenna Radiating in Its Fundamental Spatial Harmonic. 5.5 Superresolving NRI Transmission Line Lens. 5.6 Detailed Dispersion of Planar NRI-TL Media. Acknowledgments. References. CHAPTER 6: RESONANCE CONE ANTENNAS (Keith G. Balmain and Andrea A. E. Lüttgen). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Planar Metamaterial, Corner-Fed, Anisotropic Grid Antenna. 6.3 Resonance Cone Refraction Effects in a Low-Profile Antenna. 6.4 Conclusions. Acknowledgments. References. CHAPTER 7: MICROWAVE COUPLER AND RESONATOR APPLICATIONS OF NRI PLANAR STRUCTURES (Christophe Caloz and Tatsuo Itoh). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Composite Right/Left-Handed Transmission Line Metamaterials. 7.3 Metamaterial Couplers. 7.4 Metamaterial Resonators. 7.5 Conclusions. References. PART II: ELECTROMAGNETIC BANDGAP (EBG) METAMATERIALS. SECTION I: THREE-DIMENSIONAL VOLUMETRIC EBG MEDIA. CHAPTER 8: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE AND REVIEW OF FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES IN MODELING THREE-DIMENSIONAL PERIODIC STRUCTURES WITH EMPHASIS ON VOLUMETRIC EBGs (Maria Kafesaki and Costas M. Soukoulis). 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Theoretical and Numerical Methods. 8.3 Comparison of Different Numerical Techniques. 8.4 Conclusions. Acknowledgments. References. CHAPTER 9: FABRICATION, EXPERIMENTATION, AND APPLICATIONS OF EBG STRUCTURES (Peter de Maagt and Peter Huggard). 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Manufacturing. 9.3 Experimental Characterization of EBG Crystals. 9.4 Current and Future Applications of EBG Systems. 9.5 Conclusions. References. CHAPTER 10: SUPERPRISM EFFECTS AND EBG ANTENNA APPLICATIONS (Boris Gralak, Stefan Enoch, and G´erard Tayeb). 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Refractive Properties of a Piece of Photonic Crystal. 10.3 Superprism Effect. 10.4 Antenna Applications. 10.5 Conclusion. References. SECTION II: TWO-DIMENSIONAL PLANAR EBG STRUCTURES. CHAPTER 11: REVIEW OF THEORY, FABRICATION, AND APPLICATIONS OF HIGH-IMPEDANCE GROUND PLANES (Dan Sievenpiper). 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Surface Waves. 11.3 High-Impedance Surfaces. 11.4 Surface Wave Bands. 11.5 Reflection Phase. 11.6 Bandwidth. 11.7 Design Procedure. 11.8 Antenna Applications. 11.9 Tunable Impedance Surfaces. 11.10 Reflective-Beam Steering. 11.11 Leaky-Wave Beam Steering. 11.12 Backward Bands. 11.13 Summary. References. CHAPTER 12: DEVELOPMENT OF COMPLEX ARTIFICIAL GROUND PLANES IN ANTENNA ENGINEERING (Yahya Rahmat-Samii and Fan Yang). 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 FDTD Analysis of Complex Artificial Ground Planes. 12.3 Various Complex Artificial Ground-Plane Designs. 12.4 Applications of Artificial Ground Planes in Antenna Engineering. 12.5 Summary. References. CHAPTER 13: FSS-BASED EBG SURFACES (Stefano Maci and Alessio Cucini). 13.1 Introduction. 13.2 MoM Solution. 13.3 Accessible Mode Admittance Network. 13.4 Pole–Zero Matching Method for Dispersion Analysis. 13.5 Conclusions. Acknowledgments. References. CHAPTER 14: SPACE-FILLING CURVE HIGH-IMPEDANCE GROUND PLANES (John McVay, Nader Engheta, and Ahmad Hoorfar). 14.1 Resonances of Space-Filling Curve Elements. 14.2 High-Impedance Surfaces Made of Space-Filling Curve Inclusions. 14.3 Use of Space-Filling Curve High-Impedance Surfaces in Antenna Applications. 14.4 Space-Filling Curve Elements as Inclusions in DNG Bulk Media. 14.5 Conclusions. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe use of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) represents a new era in remote sensing technology. A complete handbook for anyone who must design an SAR system capable of reliably producing high quality image data products, free from image artifacts and calibrated in terms of the target backscatter coefficient. Combines fundamentals underlying the SAR imaging process and the practical system engineering required to produce quality images from a real SAR system. Beginning with a broad overview of SAR technology, it goes on to examine SAR system capabilities and components and detail the techniques required for design and development of the SAR ground data system with emphasis on the correlation processing. Intended for SAR system engineers and researchers, it is generously illustrated for maximum clarity.Table of ContentsThe Radar Equation. The Matched Filter and Pulse Compression. Imaging and the Rectangular Algorithm. Ancillary Processes in Image Formation. SAR Flight System. Radiometric Calibration of SAR Data. Geometric Calibration of SAR Data. The SAR Ground System. Other Imaging Algorithms. Appendices. List of Acronyms. Index.

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Book Synopsis"This anthology combines 15 years of microstrip antenna technology research into one significant volume and includes a special introductory tutorial by the co--editors.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Review Articles. Basic Microstrip Antenna Elements and Feeding Techniques. Dual and Circularly Polarized Elements. Techniques for Improving Element Bandwidth. Modeling Techniques for Microstrip Antenna Elements. Microstrip Antenna Array Design. Analysis of Arrays and Mutual Coupling. Other Topics. Author Index. Subject Index. Editors' Biographies.

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Table of ContentsGeneral Applications of Filter Structures in Microwave Engineering. Useful Circuit Concepts and Equations. Principles of the Image Method for Filter Design. Low-Pass Prototype Filters Obtained by Network Synthesis Methods. Properties of Common Microwave Filter Elements. Stepped-Impedance Transformers and Filter Prototypes. Low-Pass and High-Pass Filters Using Semi-Lumped Elements or Waveguide Corrugations. Band-Pass Filters. Special Procedures for the Practical Development of Coupled-Resonator Band-Pass Filters, Impedance-Matching Networks and Time-Delay Networks. Band-Stop Filters. Ten-Mode, Coupled-Transmission-Line Directional Couplers, and Branch-Line Directional Couplers. Directional, Channel-Separation Filters and Traveling Wave Ring-Resonators. High-Power Filters. Multiplexer Design. Mechanically and Magnetically Tunable Microwave Filters.

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