Electricity, electromagnetism and magnetism Books
Oxford University Press Inc With Stars in Their Eyes The Extraordinary Lives
Book SynopsisTable of ContentsPreface Acknowledgments Chapter 1: From Tomahawks to Telescopes Chapter 2: Rising Stars Chapter 3: The Rocketeers Chapter 4: Foreign Intelligence Across the Rhine Chapter 5: Lights in the Night Sky Chapter 6: Genius Blooms Chapter 7: The People's Observatory Chapter 8: Opportunity Knocks - Doors Open Wide Chapter 9: Inventing Modern Optical Sciences Chapter 10: Power for the People Donald E. Osborn Chapter 11: A View to National Security Chapter 12: In Space at Last Chapter 13: Slowly Fades the Supernova Appendix 1: List of Acronyms and Abbreviations Appendix 2: Literature by Aden and Marjorie Meinel Appendix 3: Select publications of Edison Pettit, Hannah Steele Pettit, and Helen Pettit Knaflich References Index
£34.67
Oxford University Press The Earths Magnetic Field
Book SynopsisThe book describes and explains the Earth's magnetic field, its historical importance, and various ways in which geomagnetism is used, including the analysis of modern satellite-based investigations.Trade ReviewA well written and gentle introduction to geomagnetism. It will undoubtedly become the standard introductory text on the subject. * Wyn Williams, University of Edinburgh *Well written, accessible and up-to-date, and does a very good job in explaining complex processes in a simple way. * Phil Livermore, University of Leeds *A high-quality and comprehensive account of Earth's magnetism for intelligent non-experts, well written and scientifically sound. * Christopher Finlay, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby *Table of Contents1: What is magnetism? 1.1 The discovery of magnetism 1.2 The Earth as a magnet 1.3 The origin of magnetic fields 1.4 Electrical currents and magnetic fields 1.5 Magnetism at atomic level: the Bohr model of the atom 1.6 Spectral analysis and the Zeeman effect 1.7 Electromagnetism 1.8 Particle radiation 2: How the geomagnetic field is measured 2.1 Measurement of magnetic field direction 2.2 Measurement of magnetic field intensity 2.3 Vector magnetometers 2.4 Scalar magnetometers 2.5 Magnetic gradiometers 2.6 Terrestrial magnetic surveying 2.7 Magnetic observatories 2.8 Satellite mapping of the global magnetic field 2.9 The geomagnetic field at the Earth's surface 3: Sources of the Earth's magnetic field 3.1 The Earth's internal structure 3.2 Pressure and temperature in the Earth 3.3 Dipole and multipole fields 3.4 Internal and external sources of the magnetic field 3.5 Spherical harmonic analysis of the internal field 3.6 The international geomagnetic reference field 3.7 Spatial power spectrum of the internal field 3.8 The lithospheric magnetic field 4: The geomagnetic dynamo 4.1 The concept of a self-sustaining dynamo 4.2 Heat transport in the core 4.3 The Coriolis force due to the Earth's rotation 4.4 Magnetohydrodynamics and the frozen-flux concept 4.5 The dynamo model for the origin of the internal magnetic field 4.6 The magnetic influence of the inner core 4.7 The magnetic field at the core-mantle boundary 4.8 Archeomagnetic secular variation of paleointensity 4.9 The geomagnetic field in the early Earth 5: The magnetism of the Earth's Crust 5.1 Physical properties of the crust and mantle 5.2 Crystal rock types 5.3 Types of magnetism in minerals 5.4 Antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic minerals 5.5 Induced and remanent magnetizations 5.6 The thickness of the magnetized crustal layer 5.7 How a magnetic anomaly originates 5.8 Continental magnetic anomalies 5.9 The magnetization of the oceanic crust 5.10 The age of the ocean floor 6: The ancient geomagnetic field 6.1 The natural remanent magnetizations of rocks 6.2 The geocentric axial dipole hypothesis 6.3 Methods of paleomagnetism 6.4 Apparent polar wander and continental reconstructions 6.5 Geomagnetic polarity reversals 6.6 Magnetic polarity stratigraphy 6.7 Geomagnetic polarity in the Early Mesozoic and Paleozoic 6.8 The geomagnetic field in the Precambrian 7: The effects of solar activity on the geomagnetic field 7.1 The internal structure of the Sun 7.2 Energy transfer in the Sun 7.3 Sunspots and the solar cycle 7.4 The Sun's magnetic field 7.5 The solar wind 7.6 The interplanetary magnetic field 7.7 Coronal mass ejections and solar flares 8: The magnetosphere and ionosphere 8.1 The magnetosphere 8.2 The Van Allen radiation belts 8.3 The ionosphere 8.4 Electromagnetic induction in the crust and mantle 8.5 Magnetic storms and substorms 8.6 Space weather Free
£24.99
Oxford University Press A Modern Introduction to Classical
Book SynopsisA Modern Introduction to Classical Electrodynamics is suitable for undergraduate students with some background knowledge of the subject and for graduate students, while more advanced topics make it a useful resource for PhD students and researchers. The book places much emphasis on the formal structure of the theory; beginning with Maxwell''s equations in the vacuum, it emphasises the central role of gauge invariance and Special Relativity. After introductory chapters which include rederivations of elementary results of electrostatics and magnetostatics, and the multipole expansion, Special Relativity is introduced, and most of the subsequent derivations are performed using covariant formalism and gauge potentials, allowing for greater conceptual and technical clarity compared to more traditional treatments. The second part of the book covers electrodynamics in material media. This includes Maxwell''s equations in material media, frequency dependent response of materials and Kramers-KrTrade ReviewA high quality substitute for existing texts, well organized, very pedagogical, and written from the modern perspective. College and undergraduate university students will appreciate the obvious advantages of Maggiore's text. * Mikhail Shifman, University of Minnesota *Table of Contents1: Mathematical tools 2: Systems of units 3: Maxwell's equations 4: Elementary applications of Maxwell's equations 5: Electromagnetic energy 6: Multipole expansion for static elds 7: Special Relativity 8: Covariant formulation of electrodynamics 9: Electromagnetic waves in vacuum 10: Electromagnetic field of moving charges 11: Radiation from localized sources 12: Post-Newtonian expansion and radiation reaction 13: Electromagnetic fields in material media 14: Frequency dependent response of materials 15: Electromagnetic waves in material media 16: Scattering of electromagnetic radiation Appendix A - Electrodynamics in Gaussian units Free
£34.99
Oxford University Press Particulate and Granular Magnetism
Book SynopsisAimed primarily at experimental chemists, physicists, electronic engineers and material scientists interested in particulate and granular magnetic materials, this textbook is the culmination of over 40 years'' research into the subject.The text is divided into two parts. Part One covers the basic physics of magnetism from a relatively low level, including an explanation of some of the unusual terminology in magnetism such as the idea of poles and flux, whose origins are little understood. The complexity of the unit systems in magnetism are also presented. Thereafter a brief review of the principles of domain theory is presented and thermal activation effects and their correct measurement are discussed in some detail. The topic of exchange bias, where an antiferromagnetic material is grown in intimate contact with a ferromagnet, is presented in significant detail reviewing old theories and numerical models but then focusing on what has become known as the York Model of Exchange Bias whiTrade ReviewBoth a topical and established subject that is fundamental to the fabrication and development of a wide range of existing and emerging engineering devices. * David Cardwell, University of Cambridge *A high quality text for the physics and many technological applications of magnetism. * E. Dan Dahlberg, University of Minnesota *Table of ContentsPART I - BASIC CONCEPTS 1: Concepts, Terminology and Units 2: Magnetic Domains 3: Thermal Activation Effects 4: Exchange Bias 5: Magneto-Resistance PART II - APPLICATIONS OF MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES AND GRANULAR THIN FILMS 6: Ferrofluids 7: Magnetic Recording 8: Magnetic Random Access Memory (MRAM) 9: Outlook for Future Developments Appendix A - Demagnetising Factors for a Prolate and Oblate Spheroids Free
£42.75
Oxford University Press Inc Trichotillomania Workbook
Book SynopsisTrichotillomania (TTM) is a complex disorder that is difficult to treat, and few effective therapeutic options exist. This client workbook helps the client through the 10-session, therapist-guided, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) Enhanced Behavior Therapy for Trichotillomania (AEBT-T). AEBT-T is designed to help people with trichotillomania reduce their pulling, think differently about the internal experiences that trigger their pulling, and learn to live a more valued life. The approach blends traditional behavior therapy approaches of habit reversal training and stimulus control techniques with a more contemporary ACT-based approach. This ACT-based approach teaches clients to behave flexibly and in concert with their values whenever they face the uncomfortable thoughts, feelings, urges, and cravings that often trigger the pulling. Since its original publication in 2008, the intervention has been shown to be highly effective, and can also be successfully applied to older children and adolescents, which is covered in this new edition.Fully updated to reflect new research and organized in an easy-to-use session-by-session format with accompanying therapy support forms and materials, AEBT-T has proven efficacy and will be a valuable resource and powerful tool for clients who want to learn to manage their TTM and reduce pulling.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Session 1: Trichotillomania (TTM) Education, Therapy Overview, Expectations, and Assessment of Pulling Triggers Chapter 2: Session 2: Habit Reversal Training and Trigger Reduction Strategies Chapter 3: Session 3: Increasing Motivation for Treatment Through Values Chapter 4: Session 4: Can Pulling-Related Inner Experiences Be Controlled? Chapter 5: Session 5: Acceptance of Pulling-Related Inner Experiences Chapter 6: Sessions 6 and 7: Defusion from Your Inner Experiences: You Are Not Your Urges to Pull Chapter 7: Session 8: Practicing Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) Chapter 8: Session 9: Practicing ACT and Review of Treatment Chapter 9: Session 10: Review and Relapse Prevention
£33.57
Oxford University Press Magnetism in Condensed Matter
Book SynopsisAn understanding of the quantum mechanical nature of magnetism has led to the development of new magnetic materials which are used as permanent magnets, sensors, and information storage. Behind these practical applications lie a range of fundamental ideas, including symmetry breaking, order parameters, excitations, frustration, and reduced dimensionality.This superb new textbook presents a logical account of these ideas, staring from basic concepts in electromagnetsim and quantum mechanics. It outlines the origin of magnetic moments in atoms and how these moments can be affected by their local environment inside a crystal. The different types of interactions which can be present between magnetic moments are described. The final chapters of the book are devoted to the magnetic properties of metals, and to the complex behaviour which can occur when competing magnetic interactions are present and/or the system has a reduced dimensionality. Throughout the text, the theorectical principles are applied to real systems. There is substantial discussion of experimental techniques and current reserach topics. The book is copiously illustrated and contains detailed appendices which cover the fundamental principles.Trade ReviewI can warmly recommend this book to anyone considering giving a course on magnetism and for those students of condensed matter physics, who have no access to such a course ... it is also very useful and enjoyable reading for those who have been working in magnetism for some time and have felt the lack of a systematic review of the subject. * Contemporary Physics *... the reader or student obtains a very thorough and systematic background in which to place the large variety of subject matter. * Contemporary Physics *Table of Contents1. Introduction ; 2. Isolated magnetic moments ; 3. Environments ; 4. Interactions ; 5. Order and magnetic structures ; 6. Order and broken symmetry ; 7. Magnetism in metals ; 8. Competing interactions and low dimensionality ; Appendix A: Units in electromagnetism ; Appendix B: Electromagnetism ; Appendix C: Quantum and atomic physics ; Appendix D: Energy in magnetism and demagnetism ; Appendix E: Statistical mechanics ; Appendix F: List of symbols ; Index
£37.04
Oxford University Press Introduction to Nanophotonics
Book SynopsisThe aim of this textbook is to provide an overview of nanophotonics, a discipline which was developed around the turn of the millennium. This unique and rapidly evolving subject area is the result of a collaboration between various scientific communities working on different aspects of light-matter interaction at the nanoscale. These include near-field optics and super-resolution microscopy, photonic crystals, diffractive optics, plasmonics, optoelectronics, synthesis of metallic and semiconductor nanoparticles, two-dimensional materials, and metamaterials. The book is aimed at graduate students with a background in physics, electrical engineering, material science, or chemistry, as well as lecturers and researchers working within these fields.Trade ReviewThe last decade has seen a true revolution in the field of nanophotonics. This textbook provides a comprehensive overview at an introductory level, written by three eminent figures in the field. It will be invaluable to students and researchers alike. * Andrea Alù, City University of New York *Introduction to Nanophotonics is more than a treatise on photons and electrons being lost on tiny metallic islands or in a jungle of nano-structured materials; the authors discuss numerous useful configurations while ensuring the reader does not lose sight of the underlying principles, including an unprecedentedly clear description of the role of plasmons. * Dieter Pohl, University of Basel *This is a comprehensive, unified account of the subject of nanophotonics written by highly respected members of the optics and solid-state physics communities. * Mark Fox, University of Sheffield *Written by leading authorities working at the cutting edge of the field, this textbook is a uniquely comprehensive, coherent, and rigorous introduction to nanophotonics. * Lucio Andreani, University of Pavia *Table of ContentsPart I - Basics of Electromagnetic Optics 1: Basics of Electrodynamics of Continuous Media 2: Radiation 3: Electrodynamics in Material Media: Constitutive Relations 4: Propagation 5: Reflection and Refraction at an Interface 6: Guided Modes 7: Basics of Resonators and Cavities Part II - Optical Properties of Confined Electrons 8: Semiconductors and Quantum Wells 9: More Conned Electrons : Quantum Dots and Quantum Wires Part III - Advanced Concepts in Nanophotonics 10: Fundamental Concepts of Near-Field Optics 11: Introduction to Super-Resolution Optical Imaging 12: Scattering. Green Tensor and Local Density of Electromagnetic States Part IV - Plasmonics 13: Propagating Surface Plasmons 14: Localized Surface Plasmons Part V - Articial Media: Photonics Crystals and Meta-Materials 15: Propagation in Periodic Media (I) : Bloch Modes and Homogenization 16: Propagation in Periodic Media (II): Photonic Crystals 17: Periodic Waveguide 18: Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Part VI - Confined Photons: Nanoantennas, Microcavities and Optoelectronic Devices 19: Controlling Light-Matter Interaction at the Nanoscale with Cavities and Nanoantennas 20: From Nanophotonics to Devices Part VII - Fluctuational Electrodynamics 21: Fluctuational Electrodynamics
£67.45
Oxford University Press Waves
Book SynopsisWe live in a world of waves. The Earth shakes to its foundations, the seas and oceans tremble incessantly, sounds reverberate through land, sea, and air. Beneath the skin, our brains and bodies are awash with waves of their own, and the Universe is filled by a vast spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, of which visible light is the narrowest sliver. Casting the net even wider, there are mechanical waves, quantum wave phenomena, and the now clearly detected gravitational waves. Look closer and deeper and more kinds of waves appear, down to the most fundamental level of reality. This Very Short Introduction looks at all the main kinds of wave, their sources, effects, and uses. Mike Goldsmith discusses how wave motion results in a range of phenomena, from reflection, diffraction, interference, and polarization in the case of light waves to beats and echoes for sound. All waves, however different, share many of the same features, and, as Goldsmith shows, for all their complexities many of their behaviours are fundamentally simple.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Table of Contents1: Waves in essence2: Water waves3: Sound waves4: Seismic waves5: Biological waves6: Electromagnetic waves7: Gravitational waves8: Quantum wavesFurther readingIndex
£9.49
Oxford University Press Sonar to Quartz Clock
Book SynopsisSonar to Quartz Clock examines how the unapplied phenomenon of piezoelectricity became applied for technologies such as sonar, crystal frequency control, the quartz clock, and how its research has consequently changed during WWI and the interwar period. It aims at reconstructing, for the first time, the fascinating history of the inventions and the development of these highly important technologies, which are still in extensive use, and which were crucial for the electronic revolution, arguably the most important technological developments of the twentieth century.On this basis, this book suggests a better and more nuanced understanding of the relationships between modern science and technology and the process of development and innovation of science-based technologies. It examines in particular the mutual transfer and transformation of knowledge between them including the way physics becomes practically applicable, the way applications and societal interests shape technology and scienTrade ReviewCovers an extremely rich case of interplay between science and technology, and greatly contributes to correcting the common prejudice that relativity and quantum physics were the sole important innovations of the early twentieth century. * Olivier Darrigol, University Paris-Diderot *Examines in fascinating detail how the phenomenon of piezoelectricity was transformed from so-called pure physics to technically useful devices. Clearly written and well structured, and of high scholarly quality. * Helge Kragh, Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen *A fresh and insightful approach to the ways in which physics, technology, and innovation are entangled. * Gisela Mateos, UNAM, Mexico City *Provides a substantial case study that casts new light on the scholarship of the science-technology relationship and uses some of its major findings to further the understanding of the process of technological innovations. * Chen-Pang Yeang, University of Toronto *
£42.75
Oxford University Press An Introduction to Quantum Optics and Quantum
Book SynopsisThis is an introduction to the quantum theory of light and its broad implications and applications. The book covers material with direct relevance to current basic and applied research, such as quantum fluctuations and their role in laser physics and the theory of forces between macroscopic bodies. Includes many exercises and historical sidelights.Trade ReviewFor the student who requires a broader understanding of quantum optics beyond a first course, this book is a treasure trove that will reward many hours of independent study beyond the introductory course. * Jonathan Blakely, , Contemporary Physics *Peter Milonnis text is a masterpiece of scholarship and clarity. The wide range of topics covered and the lucidity of the presentation will delight students and experts alike. * Stephen M. Barnett, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow *Table of Contents1: Elements of Classical Electrodynamics 2: Atoms in Light: Semiclassical Theory 3: Quantum Theory of the Electromagnetic Field 4: Interaction Hamiltonian and Spontaneous Emission 5: Atoms and Light: Quantum Theory 6: Fluctuations, Dissipation, and Noise 7: Dipole Interactions and Fluctuation-Induced Forces
£39.99
Oxford University Press Superconductivity
Book SynopsisSuperconductivity is one of the most exciting areas of research in physics today. Outlining the history of its discovery, and the race to understand its many mysterious and counter-intuitive phenomena, this Very Short Introduction explains in accessible terms the theories that have been developed, and how they have influenced other areas of science, including the Higgs boson of particle physics and ideas about the early Universe. It is an engaging and informative account of a fascinating scientific detective story, and an intelligible insight into some deep and beautiful ideas of physics.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Table of Contents1. What is superconductivity? ; 2. The quest for low temperatures ; 3. The discovery of superconductivity ; 4. Expulsion ; 5. Pairing up ; 6. Symmetry ; 7. Before the breakthrough ; 8. High-temperature superconductivity ; 9. The making of the new superconductors ; 10. What have superconductors ever done for us? ; Dramatis personae ; Further Reading ; Index
£9.49
Oxford University Press Light
Book SynopsisLight enables us to see the world around us. Our sense of sight provides us with direct information about space and time, the physical arrangement of the world, and how it changes. This almost universal shared sensation of vision has led to a fascination with the nature and properties of light across the ages. But the light we see is just a small part of the whole spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, ranging from radio waves to gamma rays.In this Very Short Introduction Ian Walmsley discusses early attempts to explain light, and the development of apparently opposing particulate and wave theories by scientists such as Isaac Newton and Christiaan Huygens. He shows how light was recognized as an electromagnetic wave in the 19th century, and the development of the quantum mechanics view of wave-particle duality in the 20th century. He also describes the many applications of light, domestic and scientific, such as microwaves, DVDs, and lasers. We now use the whole range of electromagnetic radiation to peer both into the human body and deep into space. Turning to the future of optics, Walmsley concludes by looking at some of the most exciting new developments using quantum light sources in communications and computing.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Trade Reviewa solid little collection of material on the nature of light. * Popularscience.com *Table of Contents1. What is light? ; 2. Rays ; 3. Waves ; 4. Duality ; 5. Light matters ; 6. Light, space and time ; 7. Lighting the frontiers ; 8. Quantum Light ; 9. Twilight ; Further Reading ; Index
£9.49
Cambridge University Press Cosmic Magnetic Fields 53 Cambridge Astrophysics
Book SynopsisMagnetic fields are important in the Universe and their effects contain the key to many astrophysical phenomena that are otherwise impossible to understand. This book presents an up-to-date overview of this fast-growing topic and its interconnections to plasma processes, astroparticle physics, high energy astrophysics, and cosmic evolution. The phenomenology and impact of magnetic fields are described in diverse astrophysical contexts within the Universe, from galaxies to galaxy clusters, the filaments and voids of the intergalactic medium, and out to the largest redshifts. The presentation of mathematical formulae is accessible and is designed to add insight into the broad range of topics discussed. Written for graduate students and researchers in physics, astrophysics and related disciplines, this volume will inspire readers to devise new ways of thinking about magnetic fields in space on galaxy scales and beyond.Trade Review'This book presents the current state of measurement and modeling of cosmic magnetic fields. It will be of interest to researchers in the area and individuals with a graduate-level background in physics who may be considering the field … a well-written and well-referenced introduction.' E. Kincanon, Choice'I don't really expect to have to teach a course on cosmic magnetism, but if I did, I would want Kronberg (or anyhow his book) by my side …' Virginia Tremble, The Observatory: A Review of Astronomy'[This book] explores the standard galactic α–ω dynamo theory …, axisymmetric and bisymmetric magnetic field structures of spiral galaxies (including our own), micro-Gauss magnetic fields in the intracluster medium, ancient magnetic fields still retained by fossil radio sources, and other equally thought-provoking topics. … Despite the far-from-easy subject, the discussions are actually not too difficult to follow. Besides those directly involved in the research, other readers with some background in astrophysics will likewise find them stimulating.' B. Ishak, Contemporary PhysicsTable of Contents1. A brief history and background; 2. Methods for probing magnetic fields in astrophysical systems; 3. Mechanisms for magnetic field generation and regeneration; 4. Nearby galactic objects as a microcosm of the effects of astrophysical magnetic fields; 5. Magnetic field configurations in large galaxies; 6. Magnetic field outflow into the IGM from stellar and supernova activity; 7. Extragalactic scale jets and their magnetized lobes; 8. Distribution of magnetic energy into the IGM; 9. Magnetic fields associated with clusters and groups of galaxies; 10. Magnetic fields beyond galaxy clusters; 11. Intergalactic cosmic rays and magnetic fields; 12. Magnetic fields at earlier cosmological epochs since recombination; 13. Magnetic fields at and before the recombination epoch; 14. Magnetic fields and some fundamental physics questions; Index.
£133.00
Cambridge University Press Electricity and Magnetism
Book SynopsisFor 50 years, Edward M. Purcell''s classic textbook has introduced students to the world of electricity and magnetism. The third edition has been brought up to date and is now in SI units. It features hundreds of new examples, problems, and figures, and contains discussions of real-life applications. The textbook covers all the standard introductory topics, such as electrostatics, magnetism, circuits, electromagnetic waves, and electric and magnetic fields in matter. Taking a nontraditional approach, magnetism is derived as a relativistic effect. Mathematical concepts are introduced in parallel with the physics topics at hand, making the motivations clear. Macroscopic phenomena are derived rigorously from the underlying microscopic physics. With worked examples, hundreds of illustrations, and nearly 600 end-of-chapter problems and exercises, this textbook is ideal for electricity and magnetism courses. Solutions to the exercises are available for instructors at www.cambridge.org/PurcelTrade Review'Although the basic physics remains largely unchanged, the Purcell and Morin book has many clarifying discussions … and most chapters end with current applications and a summary. Solutions to the problems represent roughly one-quarter of the text - they are a most welcome addition, particularly for self-study. (Purcell wrote out a solution manual by hand - mainly for instructors! - to accompany his first edition).' H. Henry Stroke, Physics TodayTable of Contents1. Electrostatics: charges and fields; 2. The electric potential; 3. Electric fields around conductors; 4. Electric currents; 5. The fields of moving charges; 6. The magnetic field; 7. Electromagnetic induction; 8. Alternating-current circuits; 9. Maxwell's equations and electromagnetic waves; 10. Electric fields in matter; 11. Magnetic fields in matter; Appendixes; References; Index.
£55.09
Dover Publications Inc. Classical Electromagnetism
Book Synopsis
£31.49
University of California Press Essentials of Paleomagnetism
Book SynopsisA work on extracting and using rock and paleomagnetic data in archaeological, geological, and geophysical applications. It describes both the theory and the practice of paleomagnetism, covering topics such as the basics of magnetism, geomagnetic fields, how rocks become magnetized, and the various ways of analyzing the magnetism of rocks.Trade Review"It should be on the bookshelf of anyone who calls themselves a palaeomagnetist." Geological Magazine "Lives up to its title and does so in a manner that authors of modern science textbooks should seek to emulate." Eos TransactionsTable of Contents1. THE PHYSICS OF MAGNETISM 2. THE GEOMAGNETIC FIELD 3. INDUCED AND REMANENT MAGNETISM 4. MAGNETIC ANISOTROPY AND DOMAINS 5. MAGNETIC HYSTERESIS 6. MAGNETIC MINERALOGY 7. HOW ROCKS GET AND STAY MAGNETIZED 8. APPLIED ROCK (ENVIRONMENTAL) MAGNETISM 9. GETTING A PALEOMAGNETIC DIRECTION 10. PALEOINTENSITY 11. FISHER STATISTICS 12. BEYOND FISHER STATISTICS 13. PALEOMAGNETIC TENSORS 14. THE ANCIENT GEOMAGNETIC FIELD 15. THE GPTS AND MAGNETOSTRATIGRAPHY 16. TECTONIC APPLICATIONS OF PALEOMAGNETISM
£42.50
Princeton University Press Classical Electromagnetism in a Nutshell
Book SynopsisA graduate-level physics textbook that provides a comprehensive treatment of the basic principles and phenomena of classical electromagnetism. It includes applications to many topical subjects, such as magnetic levitation, plasmas, laser beams, and synchrotrons. It features more than 300 problems, with solutions to many of the advanced ones.Trade Review"This is a very comprehensive book on classical electromagnetism covering historical introductions, detailed theoretical derivations with additional mathematical clarifications whenever necessary, practical applications, and numerous exercises and examples for teachers and students in this subject. It can certainly be a useful text-book for students as well as a good reference book for professionals in various fields of electromagnetism."--Vladimir Cadez, Zentralblatt MATHTable of ContentsPreface xv List of symbols xxi Suggestions for using this book xxxi Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1The field concept 1 2The equations of electrodynamics 2 3A lightspeed survey of electromagnetic phenomena 7 4SI versus Gaussian 10 Chapter 2 Review of mathematical concepts 18 5Vector algebra 18 6Derivatives of vector fields 25 7Integration of vector fields 30 8The theorems of Stokes and Gauss 32 9Fourier transforms, delta functions, and distributions 37 10Rotational transformations of vectors and tensors 45 11Orthogonal curvilinear coordinates 51 Chapter 3 Electrostatics in vacuum 55 12Coulomb's law 55 13The electrostatic potential 57 14Electrostatic energy 58 15Differential form of Coulomb's law 63 16Uniqueness theorem of electrostatics 65 17Solving Poisson's equation: a few examples 68 18Energy in the electric field 71 19The multipole expansion 73 20Charge distributions in external fields 80 Chapter 4 Magnetostatics in vacuum 82 21Sources of magnetic field 82 22The law of Biot and Savart 89 23Differential equations of magnetostatics; Ampere's law 93 24The vector potential 101 25Gauge invariance 105 26 B and xB for a point dipole 108 27Magnetic multipoles 112 Chapter 5 Induced electromagnetic fields 114 28Induction 114 29Energy in the magnetic field--Feynman's argument 117 30Energy in the magnetic field--standard argument 120 31Inductance 121 32The Ampere-Maxwell law 125 33Potentials for time-dependent fields 128 Chapter 6 Symmetries and conservation laws 132 34Discrete symmetries of the laws of electromagnetism 132 35Energy flow and the Poynting vector 137 36Momentum conservation 140 37Angular momentum conservation* 144 38Relativity at low speeds 148 39Electromagnetic mass* 150 Chapter 7 Electromagnetic waves 152 40The wave equation for E and B 152 41Plane electromagnetic waves 154 42Monochromatic plane waves and polarization 156 43Nonplane monochromatic waves; geometrical optics* 160 44Electromagnetic fields in a laser beam* 165 45Partially polarized (quasimonochromatic) light* 168 46Oscillator representation of electromagnetic waves 171 47Angular momentum of the free electromagnetic field* 174 Chapter 8 Interference phenomena 178 48Interference and diffraction 178 49Fresnel diffraction 182 50Fraunhofer diffraction 186 51Partially coherent light 187 52The Hanbury-Brown and Twiss effect; intensity interferometry* 191 53The Pancharatnam phase* 195 Chapter 9 The electromagnetic field of moving charges 200 54Green's function for the wave equation 200 55Fields of a uniformly moving charge 204 56Potentials of an arbitrarily moving charge--the Lienard-Wiechert solutions 207 57Electromagnetic fields of an arbitrarily moving charge 210 58Radiation from accelerated charges: qualitative discussion 214 Chapter 10 Radiation from localized sources 217 59General frequency-domain formulas for fields 217 60Far-zone fields 219 61Power radiated 223 62The long-wavelength electric dipole approximation 227 63Higher multipoles* 229 64Antennas 233 65Near-zone fields 237 66Angular momentum radiated* 239 67Radiation reaction 241 Chapter 11 Motion of charges and moments in external fields 245 68The Lorentz force law 245 69Motion in a static uniform electric field 246 70Motion in a static uniform magnetic field 248 71Motion in crossed E and B fields; E < B 251 72Motion in a time-dependent magnetic field; the betatron 255 73Motion in a quasiuniform static magnetic field--guiding center drift* 257 74Motion in a slowly varying magnetic field--the first adiabatic invariant* 261 75The classical gyromagnetic ratio and Larmor's theorem 264 76Precession of moments in time-dependent magnetic fields* 268 Chapter 12 Action formulation of electromagnetism 273 77Charged particle in given field 273 78The free field 276 79The interacting system of fields and charges 279 80Gauge invariance and charge conservation 283 Chapter 13 Electromagnetic fields in material media 285 81Macroscopic fields 286 82The macroscopic charge density and the polarization 289 83The macroscopic current density and the magnetization 293 84Constitutive relations 297 85Energy conservation 300 Chapter 14 Electrostatics around conductors 302 86Electric fields inside conductors, and at conductor surfaces 303 87Theorems for electrostatic fields 306 88Electrostatic energy with conductors; capacitance 308 89The method of images 313 90Separation of variables and expansions in basis sets 320 91The variational method* 329 92The relaxation method 334 93Microscopic electrostatic field at metal surfaces; work function and contact potential* 339 15Electrostatics of dielectrics 344 94The dielectric constant 344 95Boundary value problems for linear isotropic dielectrics 347 96Depolarization 350 97Thermodynamic potentials for dielectrics 354 98Force on small dielectric bodies 360 99Models of the dielectric constant 361 Chapter 16 Magnetostatics in matter 370 100 Magnetic permeability and susceptibility 370 101Thermodynamic relations for magnetic materials 371 102Diamagnetism 375 103Paramagnetism 378 104The exchange interaction; ferromagnetism 378 105Free energy of ferromagnets 382 106Ferromagnetic domain walls* 391 107Hysteresis in ferromagnets 394 108Demagnetization 397 109Superconductors* 399 Chapter 17 Ohm's law, emf, and electrical circuits 404 110Ohm's law 405 111Electric fields around current-carrying conductors--a solvable example* 407 112van der Pauw's method* 409 113The Van de Graaff generator 412 114The thermopile 413 115The battery 414 116Lumped circuits 417 117The telegrapher's equation* 422 118The ac generator 424 Chapter 18 Frequency-dependent response of materials 427 119The frequency-dependent conductivity 427 120The dielectric function and electric propensity 429 121General properties of the ac conductivity* 431 122Electromagnetic energy in material media* 435 123Drude-Lorentz model of the dielectric response 437 124Frequency dependence of the magnetic response* 441 19Quasistatic phenomena in conductors 443 125Quasistatic fields 443 126Variable magnetic field: eddy currents and the skin effect in a planar geometry 445 127Variable magnetic field: eddy currents and the skin effect in finite bodies* 450 128Variable electric field, electrostatic regime 455 129Variable electric field, skin-effect regime 457 130Eddy currents in thin sheets, Maxwell's receding image construction, and maglev* 459 131Motion of extended conductors in magnetic fields* 465 132The dynamo* 467 Chapter 20 Electromagnetic waves in insulators 470 133General properties of EM waves in media 470 134Wave propagation velocities 472 135Reflection and refraction at a flat interface (general case) 475 136More reflection and refraction (both media transparent and nonmagnetic) 479 137Reflection from a nonmagnetic opaque medium* 483 Chapter 21 Electromagnetic waves in and near conductors 487 138Plasma oscillations 487 139Dispersion of plasma waves* 488 140Transverse EM waves in conductors 490 141Reflection of light from a metal 492 142Surface plasmons* 493 143Waveguides 496 144Resonant cavities 502 Chapter 22 Scattering of electromagnetic radiation 505 145Scattering terminology 505 146Scattering by free electrons 506 147Scattering by bound electrons 508 148Scattering by small particles 510 149Scattering by dilute gases, and why the sky is blue 512 150Raman scattering 515 151Scattering by liquids and dense gases* 516 Chapter 23 Formalism of special relativity 524 152Review of basic concepts 524 153Four-vectors 532 154Velocity, momentum, and acceleration four-vectors 537 155Four-tensors 540 156Vector fields and their derivatives in space--time 543 157Integration of vector fields* 544 158Accelerated observers* 548 Chapter 24 Special relativity and electromagnetism 553 159Four-current and charge conservation 553 160The four-potential 556 161The electromagnetic field tensor 556 162Covariant form of the laws of electromagnetism 559 163The stress--energy tensor 561 164Energy--momentum conservation in special relativity 564 165Angular momentum and spin* 565 166Observer-dependent properties of light 567 167Motion of charge in an electromagnetic plane wave* 572 168Thomas precession* 576 Chapter 25 Radiation from relativistic sources 581 169Total power radiated 581 170Angular distribution of power 584 171Synchrotron radiation--qualitative discussion 588 172Full spectral, angular, and polarization distribution of synchrotron radiation* 589 173Spectral distribution of synchrotron radiation* 592 174Angular distribution and polarization of synchrotron radiation* 595 175Undulators and wigglers* 597 Appendix A: Spherical harmonics 605 Appendix B: Bessel functions 617 Appendix C: Time averages of bilinear quantities in electrodynamics 625 Appendix D: Caustics 627 Appendix E: Airy functions 633 Appendix F: Power spectrum of a random function 637 Appendix G: Motion in the earth's magnetic field--the Stormer problem 643 Appendix H: Alternative proof of Maxwell's receding image construction 651 Bibliography 655 Index 659
£80.75
Princeton University Press Gauge Theories of the Strong Weak and
Book SynopsisOffers an introduction to gauge theories and their applications to high-energy particle physics, and takes a look at two new laws of nature-quantum chromodynamics and the electroweak theory. This title examines the logic and structure behind gauge theories and the experimental underpinnings of theories.Trade Review"I find this book extremely useful, because it signifies the importance of modern ideas and perspectives in particle physics."--Gert Roepstorff, Zentralblatt MATH "Gauge Theories of the Strong, Weak, and Electromagnetic Interactions will, for many years, remain as a standard textbook in particle theory. I highly recommend it for a two-semester advanced graduate course in particle physics and as a valuable addition to the collection of every particle physicist."--Rabi Mohapatra, Physics Today "It is hard to find words to describe Quigg's clean, high-quality work: as an author he is a virtuoso performer."--Johann Rafelski, CERN CourierTable of ContentsPreface xi One Introduction 1 1.1 Elements of the Standard Model of Particle Physics 4 1.2 Leptons 6 1.3 Quarks 7 1.4 The Fundamental Interactions 15 Problems 18 For Further Reading 21 References 23 Two Lagrangian Formalism and Conservation Laws 25 2.1 Hamilton's Principle 26 2.2 Free Field Theory Examples 28 2.3 Symmetries and Conservation Laws 30 Problems 33 For Further Reading 35 References 37 Three The Idea of Gauge Invariance 38 3.1 Historical Preliminaries 38 3.2 Gauge Invariance in Classical Electrodynamics 40 3.3 Phase Invariance in Quantum Mechanics 42 3.4 Significance of Potentials in Quantum Theory 44 3.5 Phase Invariance in Field Theory 46 3.6 Feynman Rules for Electromagnetism 50 Problems 52 For Further Reading 53 References 56 Four Non-Abelian Gauge Theories 57 4.1 Motivation 57 4.2 Construction 58 4.3 Some Physical Consequences 63 4.4 Assessment 66 Problems 66 For Further Reading 69 References 70 Five Hidden Symmetries 71 5.1 The Idea of Spontaneously Broken Symmetries 72 5.2 Spontaneous Breaking of Continuous Symmetries 76 5.3 Spontaneous Breaking of a Gauge Symmetry 78 5.4 The Sigma Model 81 5.5 Spontaneous Breaking of a Non-Abelian Symmetry 86 5.6 Prospects 87 Problems 88 For Further Reading 91 References 94 Six Electroweak Interactions of Leptons 95 6.1 An Effective Lagrangian for the Weak Interactions 96 6.2 Intermediate Vector Bosons: A First Look 110 6.3 The Standard Electroweak Theory of Leptons 120 6.4 Neutral-Current Interactions among Leptons 135 6.5 The Higgs Boson: A First Look 146 6.6 The Higgs Boson, Asymptotic Behavior, and the 1-TeV Scale 151 6.7 Neutrino Mixing and Neutrino Mass 156 6.8 Renormalizability of the Theory 166 6.9 Interim Assessment 170 Problems 171 For Further Reading 177 References 183 Seven Electroweak Interactions of Quarks 187 7.1 The Standard Electroweak Theory: Preliminaries 188 7.2 Electroweak Gauge Bosons 194 7.3 Electron-Positron Annihilations 198 7.4 Deeply Inelastic Lepton-Hadron Scattering 205 7.5 Hadron-Hadron Interactions 223 7.6 Further Tests of the Electroweak Theory 229 7.7 A Brief Look at Quantum Corrections 231 7.8 The Scale of Fermion Masses 236 7.9 Search for the Higgs Boson 237 7.10 Incompleteness of the Electroweak Theory 241 7.11 The Hierarchy Problem 244 7.12 The Vacuum Energy Problem 246 7.13 Reflections 247 Problems 249 For Further Reading 258 References 263 Eight Strong Interactions among Quarks 269 8.1 A Color Gauge Theory 270 8.2 Charge Renormalization in Electrodynamics 281 8.3 The Running Coupling Constant in QCD 294 8.4 Perturbative QCD: A First Example 303 8.5 QCD Corrections to Deeply Inelastic Scattering 308 8.6 Jets in Hadron-Hadron Collisions 325 8.7 Two-Photon Processes and the Photon-Structure Function 328 8.8 Color Confinement 336 8.9 QCD-induced Electroweak Symmetry Breaking 341 8.10 The 1/N Expansion 345 8.11 Strong-Interaction Symmetries 352 8.12 Assessment 356 Problems 358 For Further Reading 369 References 381 Nine Unified Theories 387 9.1 Why Unify? 389 9.2 The SU(5) Model 391 9.3 Coupling-Constant Unification 402 9.4 Nucleon Decay 408 9.5 The Baryon Number of the Universe 410 9.6 The Problem of Fermion Masses 414 9.7 Assessment 416 Problems 418 For Further Reading 423 References 427 Epilogue 430 Appendix A Notations and Conventions 433 A.1 Four-Vectors and Scalar Product 433 A.2 Dirac Matrices 434 A.3 Trace Theorems and Tensor Contractions 436 A.4 Dirac Equation and Dirac Spinors 437 A.5 Color Algebra 440 A.6 Weyl-van der Waerden Spinors 444 References 445 Appendix B Observables and Feynman Rules 447 B.1 Phase-Space Formulas: Decay Rates and Cross Sections 447 B.2 Feynman Rules: Generalities 448 B.3 Feynman Integrals 450 B.4 Regularization Procedures 452 B.5 Feynman Rules: Electrodynamics 453 For Further Reading 454 References 456 Appendix C Physical Constants 457 For Further Reading 457 Author Index 459 Subject Index 475
£68.00
Princeton University Press Tesla
Book SynopsisNikola Tesla was a major contributor to the electrical revolution that transformed daily life at the turn of the twentieth century. His inventions, patents, and theoretical work formed the basis of modern AC electricity, and contributed to the development of radio and television. Like his competitor Thomas Edison, Tesla was one of America's first cTrade ReviewWinner of the 2015 Sally Hacker Prize, Society for the History of Technology Winner of the 2015 IEEE William and Joyce Middleton Electrical Engineering History Award, History Committee of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers One of Amazon.com's 2013 Best Science Books One of Booklist Online's Top 10 Science & Health Books for 2013 One of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2013 One of The Guardian's Best Popular Physical Science Books of 2014, chosen by GrrlScientist Honorable Mention for the 2013 PROSE Award in Biography & Autobiography, Association of American Publishers Longlisted for the 2014 Royal Society Winton Prize for Science Books "[An] assiduous, endlessly patient biography... In Carlson's eyes, Tesla's relationship with modernity in all its forms--its fixation with progress and explanation, capital and connection, but also its fragmentation of narrative and self--is more complex and revealing than even the conspiracy nuts have imagined."--Richard Barnett, London Review of Books "Carlson sheds light on the man and plenty of his inventions... [An] electric portrait."--Publishers Weekly "Superb... Carlson brings to life Tesla's extravagant self-promotion, as well as his eccentricity and innate talents, revealing him as a celebrity-inventor of the 'second industrial revolution' to rival Thomas Alva Edison."--W. Patrick McCray, Nature "Soundly footnoted, yet eminently readable, it provides a balanced examination of the man and his work, focusing particularly on Tesla's distinctive style of invention."--Natural History "Carefully researched and thoughtfully written... Clearly surpassing earlier accounts, [this] will be the gold standard for Tesla biography."--Thomas J. Misa, Science "A scholarly, critical, mostly illuminating study of the life and work of the great Serbian inventor."--Kirkus Reviews "Carlson even has something to teach readers familiar with Seifer's dissection of Tesla's tortured psyche in Wizard (2001) and O'Neill's much earlier chronicle of Tesla's childhood and early career in Prodigal Genius (1944). Carlson provides not only a more detailed explanation of Tesla's science but also a more focused psychological account of Tesla's inventive process than do his predecessors. Carlson also surpasses his predecessors in showing how Tesla promoted his inventions by creating luminous illusions of progress, prosperity, and peace, illusions so strong that they finally unhinge their creator. An exceptional fusion of technical analysis of revolutionary devices and imaginative sympathy for a lacerated ego."--Bryce Christensen, Booklist starred review "This is a fascinating glimpse into the life of a monumental inventor whose impact on our contemporary world is all too unfamiliar to the general public. Carlson relates the science behind Tesla's inventions with a judicial balance that will engage both the novice and the academic alike. Highly recommended to serious biography buffs and to readers of scientific subjects."--Brian Odom, Library Journal "Carlson deftly weaves the many threads of Tesla's story."--Nicola Davis, Times "Splendid."--Jon Turney, Times Higher Education "Run, don't walk, to buy this book for the Nikola Tesla cultist in your life... [Carlson] is the first trained academic historian of technology to approach this topic, and he snaps the intense, romantic Serb back into his proper context."--Colby Cosh, Maclean's Magazine "Carlson takes a historian's approach to piecing together Tesla's life. He resists the temptation to focus only on Tesla's persona as an eccentric genius with a flair for drama... Instead, Carlson sets out to answer three questions: 'How did Tesla invent? How did his inventions work? And what happened as he introduced his inventions?'"--Maggie Fazeli Fard, Washington Post "Required reading for any would-be innovator."--Christine Evans-Pughe, Engineering and Technology "An impressive piece of scholarship."--Graham Farmelo, Daily Telegraph "Carlson has written an exhaustive biography of Tesla, remarkable for its breadth and thoroughness. He explores and details all his major inventions, providing illustrations and in some cases even reproductions of the patent applications. This is as fair and balanced a biography of Tesla as one could hope for, no mean feat for a man so full of contradictions."--Gino Segre, Physics in Perspective "Historian Carlson ... has at last written a balanced and nuanced scholarly treatment of Tesla in the technical and social contexts of his time... Carlson's easy-to-read style and almost flawless exposition of technical matters will make this book attractive for everyone from general readers to engineers and historians. It is well illustrated and indexed with extensive footnotes. This book is likely to become the standard scholarly biography of Tesla for decades to come."--Choice "Since the death of Nikola Tesla in 1943, his life has deserved a worthy biography. Bernard Carlson has delivered that in Tesla: Inventor of the Electrical Age, which portrays Tesla as intensely human... Anyone, whether simply an interested reader or a professional historian, engineer, or physicist, will finish Tesla with a deepened understanding of his world, character, and accomplishments."--Robert Rosenberg, Physics Today "This major biography sheds new light on Tesla's visionary approach to invention and the business strategies behind his most important technological breakthroughs."--World Book Industry "The author Bernard Carlson has put a herculean effort in presenting a detailed biographical study of one of the greatest engineer-scientists of human history, Nikola Tesla... The book may be treated as a benchmark by future biographers of inventors and scientists."--Mainak Sengupta, Current Science "It is a very readable work and presents the whole picture of Tesla both as an electrical wizard and as a human being with all the associated foibles. I particularly liked the way Carlson interspersed the narrative with commentary on the inventive process, the role of illusion, and the social implications of his technologies on bringing about positive changes in society as a whole. If you wish to read a factual book about Tesla, this is the one."--Eric P. Wenaas, IEEE Technology and Society Magazine "[Readers] will certainly see this volume as an indispensable guide to one of the most fascinating yet controversial and misunderstood innovators of the modern era."--Graeme Gooday, Metascience "[A] masterly study of the man and his work, explaining how business interests as well as scientific curiosity drove Tesla. Carlson shows how engineers, just as much as artists, benefit from creativity, imagination and idealism."--Roger Backhouse, Journal of the Society of Model & Experimental Engineers "[T]his is an enjoyable biography of Tesla, concentrating in detail on his engineering achievements and business arrangements, even though it could have been firmer on the unscientific nature of some of Tesla's ideas."--Brian Clegg, Popular Science "The most objective and balanced Tesla biography to date."--Tibi Puiu, ZME Science "Tesla is a tour de force of sound scholarship and cogent analysis that brings to life one of the most eccentric and enigmatic characters in the history of technology."--Michael Brian Schiffer, Register of The Kentucky Historical Society "An eminently readable history that, while avoiding hagiography, reconstructs the intellectual development of one of history's great electrical inventors and the social contexts in which he worked."--Benjamin Gross, Chemical Heritage "Carlson's book is likely the definitive biography of Tesla. It is a challenging read, but a rewarding one. It also contributes in the wider context to the reinvention of scientific biography as a prism of cultural history."--Guillaume de Syon, Canadian Journal of History "Carlson's book stands out compared with previous Tesla biographies... The result is an eminently readable history that, while avoiding hagiography, reconstructs the intellectual development of one of history's great electrical inventors and the social contexts in which he worked."--Benjamin Gross, Chemical Heritage "Dr. Carlson has written an outstanding work, exhibiting a true understanding of the complex person who was Nikola Tesla. The book is alternatively uplifting--as it reveals how Tesla's mind worked, creating prototypes of inventions which have changed the world--and heartbreaking... The book is much more than a biography, as Carlson examines the art of invention as it applied to Tesla. He skillfully weaves into the narrative insights as to why Tesla approached his work in the way he did."--John Bowditch, Technology and Culture "Only the bravest of historians elects to take on the challenge of writing a scholarly biography of Tesla that examines and critiques such fondly cherished myths. And Bernie Carlson is certainly up to this challenge... [A]n indispensable guide to one of the most fascinating yet controversial and misunderstood innovators of the modern era."--Graeme Gooday, Metascience "[Carlson's] extensive notes on his sources are invaluable for Tesla researchers, and his book sheds light on many misconceptions perpetuated in some popular Tesla biographies."--Nexus Magazine "The problem for any biographer is that there are really two distinctly different Nikola Teslas. One is the towering genius shunned by the ignorant establishment, whose greatest works are still suppressed; this is the Tesla adored by the alternative science community and the popular media... The other Tesla is the miserable failed inventor whose great plans and endless boasts came to nothing... Carlson manages the impressive feat of steering a middle course between these two."--David Hambling, Fortean TimesTable of ContentsList of Illustrations ix CHAPTER ONE An Ideal Childhood (1856-1878) 12 CHAPTER TWO Dreaming of Motors (1878-1882) 34 CHAPTER THREE Learning by Doing (1882-1886) 60 CHAPTER FOUR Mastering Alternating Current (1886-1888) 76 CHAPTER FIVE Selling the Motor (1888-1889) 100 CHAPTER SIX Searching for a New Ideal (1889-1891) 117 CHAPTER SEVEN A Veritable Magician (1891) 129 CHAPTER EIGHT Taking the Show to Europe (1891-1892) 143 CHAPTER NINE Pushing Alternating Current in America (1892-1893) 158 CHAPTER TEN Wireless Lighting and the Oscillator (1893-1894) 176 CHAPTER ELEVEN Efforts at Promotion (1894-1895) 193 CHAPTER TWELVE Looking for Alternatives (1895-1898) 214 CHAPTER THIRTEEN Stationary Waves (1899-1900) 262 CHAPTER FOURTEEN Wardenclyffe (1900-1901) 302 CHAPTER FIFTEEN The Dark Tower (1901-1905) 331 CHAPTER SIXTEEN Visionary to the End (1905-1943) 368 EPILOGUE 396 Note on Sources 415 Abbreviations and Sources 421 Notes 423 Acknowledgments 473 Index 477
£16.19
John Wiley & Sons Inc EMC and the Printed Circuit Board Design Theory
Book SynopsisThis accessible, new reference work shows how and why RF energy is created within a printed circuit board and the manner in which propagation occurs. With lucid explanations, this book enables engineers to grasp both the fundamentals of EMC theory and signal integrity and the mitigation process needed to prevent an EMC event.Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. EMC Fundamentals. EMC Inside the PCB. Components and EMC. Image Planes. Bypassing and Decoupling. Transmission Lines. Signal Integrity and Crosstalk. Trace Termination. Grounding. Glossary. Bibliography. Appendix A: The Decibel. Appendix B: Fourier Analysis. Appendix C: Conversion Tables. Appendix D: International EMC Requirements. Index. About the Author.
£125.06
Johns Hopkins University Press Networks of Power
Book SynopsisAwarded the Dexter Prize by the Society for the History of Technology, this book offers a comparative history of the evolution of modern electric power systems. It described large-scale technological change and demonstrates that technology cannot be understood unless placed in a cultural context.Trade ReviewAn exciting, major contribution to the field of history, for it establishes very convincingly that the growth of... power networks is as intrinsic to and characteristic of modern society as the growth of manorialism was to medieval society. American Historical Review How the West was wired. Times Literary SupplementTable of ContentsPreface1. Introduction2. Edison the Hedgehog: Invention and Development3. Edison's System Abroad: Technology Transfer4. Reverse Salients and Critical Problems5. Conflict and Resolution6. Technological Momentum7. Berlin: The Coordination of Technology and Politics8. Chicago: The Dominance of Technology9. London: The Primary of Politics10. California White Coal11. War and Acquired Characteristics12. Planned Systems13. The Culture of Regional Systems14. RWE, PP&L, and NESCO: The
£40.50
John Wiley & Sons Inc Electrostatic Ignitions of Fires and Explosions
Book SynopsisTom Pratt, a long-time process safety practitioner and lecturer in electrostatic safety, wrote this book to educate industry in the basics of electrostatics. It offers a selected collection of information designed to give readers the tools they need to examine the hazard potential of common industrial processes.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Basic Concepts. 1.1. The Electrostatic Charge. 1.1.1. Electrons, Protons, and Ions. 1.1.2. Charge Distribution: Point, Space, and Surface Charges. 1.2. The Electric Field. 1.2.1. Mapping Electric Fields. 1.2.2. Dielectrics. 1.2.3. Dielectric Breakdown. 1.3. Ground Potential. 1.3.1. Grounding. 1.3.2. Bonding. 1.4. Requirements for a Fire or an Explosion. 1.4.1. Ignitable Mixture. 1.4.2. Separation. 1.4.3. Accumulation. 1.4.4. Discharge. Chapter 2. Separation and Accumulation of Charge. 2.1. Mechanisms of Charge Generation. 2.2. Charge Alignment. 2.3. Contact and Frictional Charging. 2.3.1. Surface Charging. 2.3.2. Powder Charging. 2.4. Double Layer Charging. 2.5. Charging of Drops, Mists, and Aerosols. 2.6. Two Phase Flow. 2.7. Charge Separation at Phase Boundaries. 2.8. Charge Relaxation. 2.9. Host Material. 2.9.1. Bulk Conductivity. 2.9.2. Surface Conductivity. 2.9.3. Apparent Conductivity. 2.10. Separation vs. Relaxation. 2.10.1. constant Voltage Case. 2.10.2. Constant Amperage Case. 2.11. Induction. 3. Discharge. 3.1. Classification of Discharges. 3.2. Characteristics of Discharges. 3.2.1. Corona Discharge. 3.2.2. Brush Discharge. 3.2.3. Bulking Brush Discharge. 3.2.4. Propagating Brush Discharge. 3.2.5. Spark or Capacitor Discharge. 3.2.6. Lightning. Chapter 4. Minimum Ignition Energies. 4.1. Testing of Materials. 4.2. Minimum Ignition Energy, MIE. 4.2.1. MIEs of Gasses and Vapors. 4.2.2. MIEs of Dusts. 4.2.3. MIEs of Hybrid Mixtures. 4.2.4. MIEs in Enriched Oxygen Atmospheres. 4.2.5. MIEs of Explosives. Chapter 5. Discharge Energies. 5.1. Ignitions by Electrostatic Discharges. 5.2. Capacitive Discharges. 5.2.1. Human Sparks. 5.2.2. Clothing. 5.3. Brush Discharges. 5.3.1. Brush Discharges in Spaces. 5.3.2. Brush Discharges at Surfaces. 5.4. Bulking Brush Discharges. 5.5. Propagating Brush Discharges. 5.6. Corona Discharges. Chapter 6. Electrification in Industrial Processes. 6.1. Charges in Liquids. 6.1.1. Streaming Currents. 6.1.2. Charge Relaxation in Liquids. 6.1.3. Liquid Conductivity. 6.1.4. Antistatic Additives. 6.1.5. Sedimentation. 6.2. Charges in Mists. 6.2.1. Washing. 6.2.2. Splash Loading. 6.2.3. Steaming. 6.2.4. Carbon Dioxide. 6.2.5. Charge Decay From Mists. 6.3. Charges in Powders. 6.3.1. Streaming Currents in Powders. 6.3.2. Charge Compaction in Powder Bulking. 6.3.3. Charge Relaxation in Powders. 6.4. Surface Charges. 6.4.1. Triboelectric Charging. 6.4.2. Humidity. 6.4.3. Conductive Cloth and Plastics. 6.4.4. Neutralizers. 6.5. Intense Electrification. 6.6. Phase Separation Charges. 7. Design and Operating Criteria. 7.1. Grounding and Bonding. 7.1.1. Insulation from Ground. 7.1.2. Spark Promoters. 7.2. In-Process Relaxation Times. 7.2.1. Quiescent Relaxations. 7.2.2. Relaxation Downstream of Filters. 7.3. Simultaneous Operations. 7.4. Sounding Pipes. 8. Measurements. 8.1. Multimeters. 8.2. Electrometers. 8.3. Electrostatic Voltmeters. 8.4. Fieldmeters. 8.5. Faraday Cage. 8.6. Radios. 9. Quantification of Electrostatic Scenarios. 9.1. Approximations. 9.1.1. Approximating Capacitance. 9.1.2. Approximating Resistance. 9.1.3. Approximating Charge. 9.2. Examples of Approximations. 9.2.1. Refueling an Automobile. 9.2.2. Filling a Gasoline Can. 9.2.3. Flexible Intermediate Bulk Container (FIBC). 9.2.4. The Minimum Capacitor for Incendive Discharge. Chapter 10. Case Histories. 10.1. Vacuum truck Emptying a Sump. 10.2. Drawing Toluene into an Ungrounded Bucket. 10.3. Sampling while Loading a Railcar. 10.4. Vapor Ignition in a Roadtanker, I. 10.5. Vapor Ignition in a Roadtanker, II. 10.6. Instrumenting a Tank Containing Steam and a Flammable Atmosphere. 10.7. Conductive Liquid in a Plastic Carboy. 10.8. Chemical Hose with an Ungrounded Spiral. 10.9. Three incidents in a Pneumatic Transport System. 10.10. Offloading a Bulk Powder Truck. 10.11. Dumping Powder from a Drum with Metal chime. 10.12. Emptying a Powder from a Plastic Bag (Composite Case History). 10.13. Vapor Explosion in a Closed Tank. 10.14. Gas Well and Pipeline Blowouts. Appendix A. Units. Appendix B. Symbols Used in Equations. Appendix C. Equations. Appendix D. Atmospheric Electrostatics. Appendix E. Electric Field Calculations. Bibliography. Concordance A, General. Concordance B, Compounds and Materials.
£105.26
John Wiley & Sons Inc Circuit Analysis for Dummies
Book SynopsisCircuits overloaded from electric circuit analysis? Many universities require that students pursuing a degree in electrical or computer engineering take an Electric Circuit Analysis course to determine who will "make the cut" and continue in the degree program.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 About This Book 1 Conventions Used in This Book 1 What You’re Not to Read 2 Foolish Assumptions 2 How This Book is Organized 2 Part I: Getting Started with Circuit Analysis 2 Part II: Applying Analytical Methods for Complex Circuits 3 Part III: Understanding Circuits with Transistors and Operational Amplifiers 3 Part IV: Applying Time-Varying Signals to First- and Second-Order Circuits 3 Part V: Advanced Techniques and Applications in Circuit Analysis 3 Part VI: The Part of Tens 3 Icons Used in This Book 4 Where to Go from Here 4 Part I: Getting Started with Circuit Analysis 5 Chapter 1: Introducing Circuit Analysis 7 Getting Started with Current and Voltage 7 Going with the flow with current 8 Recognizing potential differences with voltage 9 Staying grounded with zero voltage 9 Getting some direction with the passive sign convention 10 Beginning with the Basic Laws 11 Surveying the Analytical Methods for More-Complex Circuits 11 Introducing Transistors and Operational Amplifiers 12 Dealing with Time-Varying Signals, Capacitors, and Inductors 13 Avoiding Calculus with Advanced Techniques 13 Chapter 2: Clarifying Basic Circuit Concepts and Diagrams 15 Looking at Current-Voltage Relationships 15 Absorbing energy with resistors 16 Applying Ohm’s law to resistors 16 Calculating the power dissipated by resistors 18 Offering no resistance: Batteries and short circuits 18 Batteries: Providing power independently 19 Short circuits: No voltage, no power 19 Facing infinite resistance: Ideal current sources and open circuits 20 All or nothing: Combining open and short circuits with ideal switches 20 Mapping It All Out with Schematics 21 Going in circles with loops 22 Getting straight to the point with nodes 24 Chapter 3: Exploring Simple Circuits with Kirchhoff’s Laws 25 Presenting Kirchhoff’s Famous Circuit Laws 25 Kirchhoff’s voltage law (KVL): Conservation of energy 26 Identifying voltage rises and drops 26 Forming a KVL equation 27 Kirchhoff’s current law (KCL): Conservation of charge 29 Tracking incoming and outgoing current 29 Calculating KCL 30 Tackling Circuits with KVL, KCL, and Ohm’s Law 31 Getting batteries and resistors to work together 31 Starting with voltage 32 Bringing in current 32 Combining device equations with KVL 33 Summarizing the results 34 Sharing the same current in series circuits 34 Climbing the ladder with parallel circuits 36 Describing total resistance using conductance 37 Using a shortcut for two resistors in parallel 38 Finding equivalent resistor combinations 38 Combining series and parallel resistors 40 Chapter 4: Simplifying Circuit Analysis with Source Transformation and Division Techniques 41 Equivalent Circuits: Preparing for the Transformation 42 Transforming Sources in Circuits 45 Converting to a parallel circuit with a current source 45 Changing to a series circuit with a voltage source 47 Divvying It Up with the Voltage Divider 49 Getting a voltage divider equation for a series circuit 49 Figuring out voltages for a series circuit with two or more resistors 51 Finding voltages when you have multiple current sources 52 Using the voltage divider technique repeatedly 55 Cutting to the Chase Using the Current Divider Technique 57 Getting a current divider equation for a parallel circuit 57 Figuring out currents for parallel circuits 59 Finding currents when you have multiple voltage sources 60 Using the current divider technique repeatedly 63 Part II: Applying Analytical Methods for Complex Circuits 65 Chapter 5: Giving the Nod to Node-Voltage Analysis 67 Getting Acquainted with Node Voltages and Reference Nodes 67 Testing the Waters with Node Voltage Analysis 69 What goes in must come out: Starting with KCL at the nodes 70 Describing device currents in terms of node voltages with Ohm’s law 70 Putting a system of node voltage equations in matrix form 72 Solving for unknown node voltages 73 Applying the NVA Technique 74 Solving for unknown node voltageswith a current source 74 Dealing with three or more node equations 76 Working with Voltage Sources in Node-Voltage Analysis 80 Chapter 6: Getting in the Loop on Mesh Current Equations 83 Windowpanes: Looking at Meshes and Mesh Currents 83 Relating Device Currents to Mesh Currents 84 Generating the Mesh Current Equations 86 Finding the KVL equations first 87 Ohm’s law: Putting device voltages in terms of mesh currents 87 Substituting the device voltages into the KVL equations 88 Putting mesh current equations into matrix form 89 Solving for unknown currents and voltages 89 Crunching Numbers: Using Meshes to Analyze Circuits 90 Tackling two-mesh circuits 90 Analyzing circuits with three or more meshes 92 Chapter 7: Solving One Problem at a Time Using Superposition 95 Discovering How Superposition Works 95 Making sense of proportionality 96 Applying superposition in circuits 98 Adding the contributions of each independent source 100 Getting Rid of the Sources of Frustration 101 Short circuit: Removing a voltage source 101 Open circuit: Taking out a current source 102 Analyzing Circuits with Two Independent Sources 103 Knowing what to do when the sources are two voltage sources 103 Proceeding when the sources are two current sources 105 Dealing with one voltage source and one current source 107 Solving a Circuit with Three Independent Sources 108 Chapter 8: Applying Thévenin’s and Norton’s Theorems 113 Showing What You Can Do with Thévenin’s and Norton’s Theorems 114 Finding the Norton and Thévenin Equivalents for Complex Source Circuits 115 Applying Thévenin’s theorem 117 Finding the Thévenin equivalent of a circuit with a single independent voltage source 117 Applying Norton’s theorem 119 Using source transformation to find Thévenin or Norton 122 A shortcut: Finding Thévenin or Norton equivalents with source transformation 122 Finding the Thévenin equivalent of a circuit with multiple independent sources 122 Finding Thévenin or Norton with superposition 124 Gauging Maximum Power Transfer: A Practical Application of Both Theorems 127 Part III: Understanding Circuits with Transistors and Operational Amplifiers 131 Chapter 9: Dependent Sources and the Transistors That Involve Them 133 Understanding Linear Dependent Sources: Who Controls What 134 Classifying the types of dependent sources 134 Recognizing the relationship between dependent and independent sources 136 Analyzing Circuits with Dependent Sources 136 Applying node-voltage analysis 137 Using source transformation 138 Using the Thévenin technique 140 Describing a JFET Transistor with a Dependent Source 142 Examining the Three Personalities of Bipolar Transistors 145 Making signals louder with the common emitter circuit 146 Amplifying signals with a common base circuit 149 Isolating circuits with the common collector circuit 151 Chapter 10: Letting Operational Amplifiers Do the Tough Math Fast 155 The Ins and Outs of Op-Amp Circuits 155 Discovering how to draw op amps 156 Looking at the ideal op amp and its transfer characteristics 157 Modeling an op amp with a dependent source 158 Examining the essential equations for analyzing ideal op-amp circuits 159 Looking at Op-Amp Circuits 160 Analyzing a noninverting op amp 160 Following the leader with the voltage follower 162 Turning things around with the inverting amplifier 163 Adding it all up with the summer 164 What’s the difference? Using the op-amp subtractor 166 Increasing the Complexity of What You Can Do with Op Amps 168 Analyzing the instrumentation amplifier 168 Implementing mathematical equations electronically 170 Creating systems with op amps 171 Part IV: Applying Time-Varying Signals to First- and Second-Order Circuits 173 Chapter 11: Making Waves with Funky Functions 175 Spiking It Up with the Lean, Mean Impulse Function 176 Changing the strength of the impulse 178 Delaying an impulse 178 Evaluating impulse functions with integrals 179 Stepping It Up with a Step Function 180 Creating a time-shifted, weighted step function 181 Being out of step with shifted step functions 182 Building a ramp function with a step function 182 Pushing the Limits with the Exponential Function 184 Seeing the Signs with Sinusoidal Functions 186 Giving wavy functions a phase shift 187 Expanding the function and finding Fourier coefficients 189 Connecting sinusoidal functions to exponentials with Euler’s formula 190 Chapter 12: Spicing Up Circuit Analysis with Capacitors and Inductors 193 Storing Electrical Energy with Capacitors 193 Describing a capacitor 194 Charging a capacitor (credit cards not accepted) 195 Relating the current and voltage of a capacitor 195 Finding the power and energy of a capacitor 196 Calculating the total capacitance for parallel and series capacitors 199 Finding the equivalent capacitance of parallel capacitors 199 Finding the equivalent capacitance of capacitors in series 200 Storing Magnetic Energy with Inductors 200 Describing an inductor 201 Finding the energy storage of an attractive inductor 202 Calculating total inductance for series and parallel inductors 203 Finding the equivalent inductance for inductors in series 203 Finding the equivalent inductance for inductors in parallel 204 Calculus: Putting a Cap on Op-Amp Circuits 205 Creating an op-amp integrator 205 Deriving an op-amp differentiator 207 Using Op Amps to Solve Differential Equations Really Fast 208 Chapter 13: Tackling First-Order Circuits 211 Solving First-Order Circuits with Diff EQ 211 Guessing at the solution with the natural exponential function 213 Using the characteristic equation for a first-order equation 214 Analyzing a Series Circuit with a Single Resistor and Capacitor 215 Starting with the simple RC series circuit 215 Finding the zero-input response 217 Finding the zero-state response by focusing on the input source 219 Adding the zero-input and zero-state responses to find the total response 222 Analyzing a Parallel Circuit with a Single Resistor and Inductor 224 Starting with the simple RL parallel circuit 225 Calculating the zero-input response for an RL parallel circuit 226 Calculating the zero-state response for an RL parallel circuit 228 Adding the zero-input and zero-state responses to find the total response 230 Chapter 14: Analyzing Second-Order Circuits 233 Examining Second-Order Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients 233 Guessing at the elementary solutions: The natural exponential function 235 From calculus to algebra: Using the characteristic equation 236 Analyzing an RLC Series Circuit 236 Setting up a typical RLC series circuit 237 Determining the zero-input response 239 Calculating the zero-state response 242 Finishing up with the total response 245 Analyzing an RLC Parallel Circuit Using Duality 246 Setting up a typical RLC parallel circuit 247 Finding the zero-input response 249 Arriving at the zero-state response 250 Getting the total response 251 Part V: Advanced Techniques and Applications in Circuit Analysis 253 Chapter 15: Phasing in Phasors for Wave Functions 255 Taking a More Imaginative Turn with Phasors 256 Finding phasor forms 256 Examining the properties of phasors 258 Using Impedance to Expand Ohm’s Law to Capacitors and Inductors 259 Understanding impedance 260 Looking at phasor diagrams 261 Putting Ohm’s law for capacitors in phasor form 262 Putting Ohm’s law for inductors in phasor form 263 Tackling Circuits with Phasors 263 Using divider techniques in phasor form 264 Adding phasor outputs with superposition 266 Simplifying phasor analysis with Thévenin and Norton 268 Getting the nod for nodal analysis 270 Using mesh-current analysis with phasors 271 Chapter 16: Predicting Circuit Behavior with Laplace Transform Techniques 273 Getting Acquainted with the Laplace Transform and Key Transform Pairs 273 Getting Your Time Back with the Inverse Laplace Transform 276 Rewriting the transform with partial fraction expansion 276 Expanding Laplace transforms with complex poles 278 Dealing with transforms with multiple poles 280 Understanding Poles and Zeros of F(s) 282 Predicting the Circuit Response with Laplace Methods 285 Working out a first-order RC circuit 286 Working out a first-order RL circuit 290 Working out an RLC circuit 292 Chapter 17: Implementing Laplace Techniques for Circuit Analysis 295 Starting Easy with Basic Constraints 296 Connection constraints in the s-domain 296 Device constraints in the s-domain 297 Independent and dependent sources 297 Passive elements: Resistors, capacitors, and inductors 297 Op-amp devices 299 Impedance and admittance 299 Seeing How Basic Circuit Analysis Works in the s-Domain 300 Applying voltage division with series circuits 300 Turning to current division for parallel circuits 302 Conducting Complex Circuit Analysis in the s-Domain 303 Using node-voltage analysis 303 Using mesh-current analysis 304 Using superposition and proportionality 305 Using the Thévenin and Norton equivalents 309 Chapter 18: Focusing on the Frequency Responses 313 Describing the Frequency Response and Classy Filters 314 Low-pass filter 315 High-pass filter 316 Band-pass filters 316 Band-reject filters 317 Plotting Something: Showing Frequency Response à la Bode 318 Looking at a basic Bode plot 319 Poles, zeros, and scale factors: Picturing Bode plots from transfer functions 320 Turning the Corner: Making Low-Pass and High-Pass Filters with RC Circuits 325 First-order RC low-pass filter (LPF) 325 First-order RC high-pass filter (HPF) 326 Creating Band-Pass and Band-Reject Filters with RLC or RC Circuits 327 Getting serious with RLC series circuits 327 RLC series band-pass filter (BPF) 327 RLC series band-reject filter (BRF) 330 Climbing the ladder with RLC parallel circuits 330 RC only: Getting a pass with a band-pass and band-reject filter 332 Part VI: The Part of Tens 335 Chapter 19: Ten Practical Applications for Circuits 337 Potentiometers 337 Homemade Capacitors: Leyden Jars 338 Digital-to-Analog Conversion Using Op Amps 338 Two-Speaker Systems 338 Interface Techniques Using Resistors 338 Interface Techniques Using Op Amps 339 The Wheatstone Bridge 339 Accelerometers 339 Electronic Stud Finders 340 555 Timer Circuits 340 Chapter 20: Ten Technologies Affecting Circuits 341 Smartphone Touchscreens 341 Nanotechnology 341 Carbon Nanotubes 342 Microelectromechanical Systems 342 Supercapacitors 343 The Memristor 343 Superconducting Digital Electronics 343 Wide Bandgap Semiconductors 343 Flexible Electronics 344 Microelectronic Chips that Pair Up with Biological Cells 344 Index 345
£16.14
John Wiley & Sons Inc Electric Power Principles
Book SynopsisA revised and updated text that explores the fundamentals of the physics of electric power handling systems The revised and updated second edition of Electric Power Principles: Sources, Conversion, Distribution and Use offers an innovative and comprehensive approach to the fundamentals of electric power. The author a noted expert on the topic provides a thorough grounding in electric power systems, with an informative discussion on per-unit normalisations, symmetrical components and iterative load flow calculations. The text covers the most important topics within the power system, such as protection and DC transmission, and examines both traditional power plants and those used for extracting sustainable energy from wind and sunlight. The text explores the principles of electromechanical energy conversion and magnetic circuits and synchronous machines the most important generators of electric power. The book also contains information on power electroniTrade ReviewIt is a must-read book for everyone who feels interested in area of electric power system. This book covers almost every essential item that falls in this area. By reading this book, you can expect to explore all the key components in electric power system, such as energy source, transmission line, protection mechanism, load flow, electric machine, etc. All the key concepts are discussed from fundamental physics and elaborated steps by steps. Real world examples with pictures are given in the right place to visualize the discussed items. Problem sets are included in each chapter to strengthen the learnt concepts. I am quite sure everyone from all levels can follow and understand all the contents without much difficulty. In this second edition, a new chapter on energy storage and some other updated information are added. As a teacher and researcher in power engineering, I would say this book must be one of the best books in this area. Christopher H. T. Lee, Assistant Professor, Nanyang Technological University, SingaporeTable of ContentsPreface xv About the Companion Website xvii 1 Electric Power Systems 1 1.1 Electric Utility Systems 2 1.2 Energy and Power 3 1.2.1 Basics and Units 3 1.3 Sources of Electric Power 5 1.3.1 Heat Engines 5 1.3.2 Power Plants 6 1.3.2.1 Environmental Impact of Burning Fossil Fuels 7 1.3.3 Nuclear Power Plants 8 1.3.4 Hydroelectric Power 9 1.3.5 Wind Turbines 10 1.3.6 Solar Power Generation 12 1.4 Electric Power Plants and Generation 14 1.5 Problems 15 2 AC Voltage, Current, and Power 17 2.1 Sources and Power 17 2.1.1 Voltage and Current Sources 17 2.1.2 Power 18 2.1.3 Sinusoidal Steady State 18 2.1.4 Phasor Notation 19 2.1.5 Real and Reactive Power 19 2.1.5.1 Root Mean Square (RMS) Amplitude 20 2.2 Resistors, Inductors, and Capacitors 20 2.2.1 Reactive Power and Voltage 22 2.2.1.1 Example 22 2.2.2 Reactive Power Voltage Support 22 2.3 Voltage Stability and Bifurcation 23 2.3.1 Voltage Calculation 24 2.3.2 Voltage Solution and Effect of Reactive Power 25 2.4 Problems 26 3 Transmission Lines 33 3.1 Modeling: Telegrapher’s Equations 33 3.1.1 Traveling Waves 35 3.1.2 Characteristic Impedance 35 3.1.3 Power 36 3.1.4 Line Terminations and Reflections 36 3.1.4.1 Examples 37 3.1.4.2 Lightning 38 3.1.4.3 Inductive Termination 39 3.1.5 Sinusoidal Steady State 41 3.2 Problems 44 4 Polyphase Systems 47 4.1 Two-phase Systems 47 4.2 Three-phase Systems 48 4.3 Line–Line Voltages 51 4.3.1 Example: Wye- and Delta-connected Loads 52 4.3.2 Example: Use of Wye–Delta for Unbalanced Loads 53 4.4 Problems 55 5 Electrical and Magnetic Circuits 59 5.1 Electric Circuits 59 5.1.1 Kirchhoff’s Current Law 59 5.1.2 Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law 60 5.1.3 Constitutive Relationship: Ohm’s Law 60 5.2 Magnetic Circuit Analogies 62 5.2.1 Analogy to KCL 62 5.2.2 Analogy to KVL: Magnetomotive Force 62 5.2.3 Analogy to Ohm’s Law: Reluctance 63 5.2.4 Simple Case 64 5.2.5 Flux Confinement 64 5.2.6 Example: C-Core 65 5.2.7 Example: Core with Different Gaps 66 5.3 Problems 66 6 Transformers 71 6.1 Single-phase Transformers 71 6.1.1 Ideal Transformers 72 6.1.2 Deviations from an Ideal Transformer 73 6.1.3 Autotransformers 75 6.2 Three-phase Transformers 76 6.2.1 Example 78 6.2.2 Example: Grounding or Zigzag Transformer 80 6.3 Problems 81 7 Polyphase Lines and Single-phase Equivalents 87 7.1 Polyphase Transmission and Distribution Lines 87 7.1.1 Example 89 7.2 Introduction to Per-unit Systems 90 7.2.1 Normalization of Voltage and Current 90 7.2.2 Three-phase Systems 91 7.2.3 Networks with Transformers 92 7.2.4 Transforming from One Base to Another 92 7.2.5 Example: Fault Study 93 7.2.5.1 One-line Diagram of the Situation 93 7.3 Appendix: Inductances of Transmission Lines 95 7.3.1 Single Wire 95 7.3.2 Mutual Inductance 96 7.3.3 Bundles of Conductors 97 7.3.4 Transposed Lines 98 7.4 Problems 98 8 Electromagnetic Forces and Loss Mechanisms 103 8.1 Energy Conversion Process 103 8.1.1 Principle of Virtual Work 104 8.1.1.1 Example: Lifting Magnet 106 8.1.2 Co-energy 107 8.1.2.1 Example: Co-energy Force Problem 107 8.1.2.2 Electric Machine Model 108 8.2 Continuum Energy Flow 109 8.2.1 Material Motion 110 8.2.2 Additional Issues in Energy Methods 111 8.2.2.1 Co-energy in Continuous Media 111 8.2.2.2 Permanent Magnets 112 8.2.2.3 Energy in the Flux–Current Plane 113 8.2.3 Electric Machine Description 115 8.2.4 Field Description of Electromagnetic Force: The Maxwell Stress Tensor 117 8.2.5 Tying the Maxwell Stress Tensor and Poynting Approaches Together 119 8.2.5.1 Simple Description of a Linear Induction Motor 120 8.3 Surface Impedance of Uniform Conductors 122 8.3.1 Linear Case 123 8.3.2 Iron 125 8.3.3 Magnetization 126 8.3.4 Saturation and Hysteresis 126 8.3.5 Conduction, Eddy Currents, and Laminations 129 8.3.5.1 Complete Penetration Case 129 8.3.6 Eddy Currents in Saturating Iron 131 8.4 Semi-empirical Method of Handling Iron Loss 133 8.5 Problems 136 References 141 9 Synchronous Machines 143 9.1 Round Rotor Machines: Basics 144 9.1.1 Operation with a Balanced Current Source 145 9.1.2 Operation with a Voltage Source 145 9.2 Reconciliation of Models 147 9.2.1 Torque Angles 148 9.3 Per-unit Systems 148 9.4 Normal Operation 149 9.4.1 Capability Diagram 150 9.4.2 Vee Curve 150 9.5 Salient Pole Machines: Two-reaction Theory 151 9.6 Synchronous Machine Dynamics 155 9.7 Synchronous Machine Dynamic Model 155 9.7.1 Electromagnetic Model 156 9.7.2 Park’s Equations 157 9.7.3 Power and Torque 160 9.7.4 Per-unit Normalization 160 9.7.5 Equivalent Circuits 163 9.7.6 Transient Reactances and Time Constants 164 9.8 Statement of Simulation Model 165 9.8.1 Example: Transient Stability 166 9.8.2 Equal Area Transient Stability Criterion 166 9.9 Appendix 1: Transient Stability Code 169 9.10 Appendix 2: Winding Inductance Calculation 172 9.10.1 Pitch Factor 175 9.10.2 Breadth Factor 175 9.11 Problems 177 10 System Analysis and Protection 181 10.1 The Symmetrical Component Transformation 181 10.2 Sequence Impedances 184 10.2.1 Balanced Transmission Lines 184 10.2.2 Balanced Load 185 10.2.3 Possibly Unbalanced Loads 186 10.2.4 Unbalanced Sources 187 10.2.5 Rotating Machines 189 10.2.6 Transformers 189 10.2.6.1 Example: Rotation of Symmetrical Component Currents 190 10.2.6.2 Example: Reconstruction of Currents 191 10.3 Fault Analysis 192 10.3.1 Single Line–Neutral Fault 192 10.3.2 Double Line–Neutral Fault 193 10.3.3 Line–Line Fault 193 10.3.4 Example of Fault Calculations 194 10.3.4.1 Symmetrical Fault 195 10.3.4.2 Single Line–Neutral Fault 195 10.3.4.3 Double Line–Neutral Fault 196 10.3.4.4 Line–Line Fault 197 10.3.4.5 Conversion to Amperes 198 10.4 System Protection 198 10.4.1 Fuses 199 10.5 Switches 199 10.6 Coordination 200 10.6.1 Ground Overcurrent 200 10.7 Impedance Relays 201 10.7.1 Directional Elements 202 10.8 Differential Relays 202 10.8.1 Ground Fault Protection for Personnel 203 10.9 Zones of System Protection 203 10.10 Problems 204 11 Load Flow 211 11.1 Two Ports and Lines 211 11.1.1 Power Circles 212 11.2 Load Flow in a Network 214 11.3 Gauss–Seidel Iterative Technique 216 11.4 Bus Types 217 11.5 Bus Admittance 217 11.5.1 Bus Incidence 217 11.5.2 Example Network 218 11.5.3 Alternative Assembly of Bus Admittance 219 11.6 Newton–Raphson Method for Load Flow 220 11.6.1 Generator Buses 222 11.6.2 Decoupling 222 11.6.3 Example Calculations 223 11.7 Problems 223 11.8 Appendix: Matlab Scripts to Implement Load Flow Techniques 226 11.8.1 Gauss–Seidel Routine 226 11.8.2 Newton–Raphson Routine 228 11.8.3 Decoupled Newton–Raphson Routine 230 12 Power Electronics and Converters in Power Systems 233 12.1 Switching Devices 233 12.1.1 Diodes 234 12.1.2 Thyristors 234 12.1.3 Bipolar Transistors 235 12.2 Rectifier Circuits 236 12.2.1 Full-wave Rectifier 237 12.2.1.1 Full-wave Bridge with Resistive Load 237 12.2.1.2 Phase-control Rectifier 238 12.2.1.3 Phase Control into an Inductive Load 240 12.2.1.4 AC Phase Control 242 12.2.1.5 Rectifiers for DC Power Supplies 242 12.3 DC–DC Converters 243 12.3.1 Pulse Width Modulation 246 12.3.2 Boost Converter 247 12.3.2.1 Continuous Conduction 247 12.3.2.2 Discontinuous Conduction 249 12.3.2.3 Unity Power Factor Supplies 250 12.4 Canonical Cell 251 12.4.1 Bidirectional Converter 251 12.4.2 H-Bridge 252 12.5 Three-phase Bridge Circuits 254 12.5.1 Rectifier Operation 254 12.5.2 Phase Control 257 12.5.3 Commutation Overlap 257 12.5.4 AC Side Current Harmonics 259 12.5.4.1 Power Supply Rectifiers 261 12.5.4.2 PWM Capable Switch Bridge 262 12.6 Unified Power Flow Controller 264 12.7 High-voltage DC Transmission 267 12.8 Basic Operation of a Converter Bridge 268 12.8.1 Turn-on Switch 268 12.8.2 Inverter Terminal 269 12.9 Achieving High Voltage 270 12.10 Problems 271 13 System Dynamics and Energy Storage 277 13.1 Load–Frequency Relationship 277 13.2 Energy Balance 277 13.2.1 Natural Response 278 13.2.2 Feedback Control 279 13.2.3 Droop Control 280 13.2.4 Isochronous Control 281 13.3 Synchronized Areas 282 13.3.1 Area Control Error 282 13.3.2 Synchronizing Dynamics 283 13.3.3 Feedback Control to Drive ACE to Zero 284 13.4 Inverter Connection 285 13.4.1 Overview of Connection 286 13.4.2 Filters 287 13.4.3 Measurement 288 13.4.4 Phase Locked Loop 289 13.4.5 Control Loops 290 13.4.6 Grid-following (Slave) Inverter 291 13.4.7 Grid-forming (Master) Inverter 291 13.4.8 Droop-controlled Inverter 292 13.5 Energy Storage 292 13.5.1 Time Scales 293 13.5.2 Batteries 293 13.5.2.1 Simplest Battery Model 294 13.5.2.2 Diffusion Model 294 13.5.2.3 Model Including State of Charge 295 13.6 Problems 296 14 Induction Machines 299 14.1 Introduction 299 14.2 Induction Machine Transformer Model 301 14.2.1 Operation: Energy Balance 307 14.2.1.1 Simplified Torque Estimation 309 14.2.1.2 Torque Summary 310 14.2.2 Example of Operation 310 14.2.3 Motor Performance Requirements 312 14.2.3.1 Effect of Rotor Resistance 312 14.3 Squirrel-cage Machines 313 14.4 Single-phase Induction Motors 314 14.4.1 Rotating Fields 314 14.4.2 Power Conversion in the Single-phase Induction Machine 315 14.4.3 Starting of Single-phase Induction Motors 316 14.4.3.1 Shaded Pole Motors 317 14.4.3.2 Split-phase Motors 317 14.4.4 Split-phase Operation 318 14.4.4.1 Example Motor 319 14.5 Induction Generators 321 14.6 Induction Motor Control 322 14.6.1 Volts/Hz Control 323 14.6.2 Field-oriented Control 323 14.6.3 Elementary Model 324 14.6.4 Simulation Model 325 14.6.5 Control Model 326 14.6.6 Field-oriented Strategy 327 14.7 Doubly-fed Induction Machines 329 14.7.1 Steady-state Operation 331 14.8 Appendix 1: Squirrel-cage Machine Model 334 14.8.1 Rotor Currents and Induced Flux 334 14.8.2 Squirrel-cage Currents 335 14.9 Appendix 2: Single-phase Squirrel-cage Model 339 14.10 Appendix 3: Induction Machine Winding Schemes 341 14.10.1 Winding Factor for Concentric Windings 344 14.11 Problems 345 References 350 15 DC (Commutator) Machines 351 15.1 Geometry 351 15.2 Torque Production 352 15.3 Back Voltage 353 15.4 Operation 354 15.4.1 Shunt Operation 355 15.4.2 Separately Excited 356 15.4.2.1 Armature Voltage Control 357 15.4.2.2 Field Weakening Control 357 15.4.2.3 Dynamic Braking 358 15.4.3 Machine Capability 358 15.5 Series Connection 359 15.6 Universal Motors 361 15.7 Commutator 362 15.7.1 Commutation Interpoles 362 15.7.2 Compensation 364 15.8 Compound-wound DC Machines 365 15.9 Problems 367 16 Permanent Magnets in Electric Machines 371 16.1 Permanent Magnets 371 16.1.1 Permanent Magnets in Magnetic Circuits 373 16.1.2 Load Line Analysis 373 16.1.2.1 Very Hard Magnets 374 16.1.2.2 Surface Magnet Analysis 375 16.1.2.3 Amperian Currents 376 16.2 Commutator Machines 376 16.2.1 Voltage 378 16.2.2 Armature Resistance 379 16.3 Brushless PM Machines 380 16.4 Motor Morphologies 380 16.4.1 Surface Magnet Machines 380 16.4.2 Interior Magnet, Flux-concentrating Machines 381 16.4.3 Operation 382 16.4.3.1 Voltage and Current: Round Rotor 382 16.4.4 A Little Two-reaction Theory 384 16.4.5 Finding Torque Capability 387 16.4.5.1 Optimal Currents 388 16.4.5.2 Rating 389 16.5 Problems 393 Reference 396 Index 397
£71.06
Prometheus Books Faraday, Maxwell, and the Electromagnetic Field:
Book SynopsisThe story of two brilliant nineteenth-century scientists who discovered the electromagnetic field, laying the groundwork for the amazing technological and theoretical breakthroughs of the twentieth century Two of the boldest and most creative scientists of all time were Michael Faraday (1791-1867) and James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879). This is the story of how these two men - separated in age by forty years - discovered the existence of the electromagnetic field and devised a radically new theory which overturned the strictly mechanical view of the world that had prevailed since Newton's time. The authors, veteran science writers with special expertise in physics and engineering, have created a lively narrative that interweaves rich biographical detail from each man's life with clear explanations of their scientific accomplishments. Faraday was an autodidact, who overcame class prejudice and a lack of mathematical training to become renowned for his acute powers of experimental observation, technological skills, and prodigious scientific imagination. James Clerk Maxwell was highly regarded as one of the most brilliant mathematical physicists of the age. He made an enormous number of advances in his own right. But when he translated Faraday's ideas into mathematical language, thus creating field theory, this unified framework of electricity, magnetism and light became the basis for much of later, 20th-century physics. Faraday's and Maxwell's collaborative efforts gave rise to many of the technological innovations we take for granted today - from electric power generation to television, and much more. Told with panache, warmth, and clarity, this captivating story of their greatest work - in which each played an equal part - and their inspiring lives will bring new appreciation to these giants of science.
£19.99
Chelsea Green Publishing Co The Invisible Rainbow: A History of Electricity
Book Synopsis‘This seminal book...will transform your understanding ...of the environmental and health effects of electricity and radio frequencies’ Paradigm Explorer ‘Firstenberg is a pioneer in the sense that Rachel Carson was a pioneer.’ Chellis Glendinning, PhD, author of When Technology Wounds 75,000 copies sold! Cell towers, Wi-fi, 5G: Electricity has shaped the modern world. But how has it affected our health and environment? Over the last 220 years, society has evolved a universal belief that electricity is ‘safe’ for humanity and the planet. Scientist and journalist Arthur Firstenberg disrupts this conviction by telling the story of electricity in a way it has never been told before – from an environmental point of view – by detailing the effects that this fundamental societal building block has had on our health and our planet. In The Invisible Rainbow, Firstenberg traces the history of electricity from the early eighteenth century to the present, making a compelling case that many environmental problems, as well as the major diseases of industrialised civilisation—heart disease, diabetes, and cancer—are related to electrical pollution.Trade Review“Few individuals today are able to grasp the entirety of a scientific subject and present it in a highly engaging manner, in plain English, without losing any of the details. In The Invisible Rainbow, Firstenberg has done just that with one of the most pressing but neglected problems of our technological age. This book, which as a medical doctor I found hard to put down, explores the relationship between electricity and life from beginning to end: from the early eighteenth century to today, and from the point of view of the physician, the physicist, and the average person in the street. Firstenberg makes a compelling case that the major diseases of civilization—heart disease, diabetes, and cancer—are in large part related to the pollution of our world by electricity.”—Bradley Johnson, MD, Amen Clinic, San Francisco“The Invisible Rainbow is wonderful. Firstenberg has done his research thoroughly. His book is easily readable and provocative while being entertaining. A remarkable contribution.”—David O. Carpenter, MD, director, Institute for Health and the Environment, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany“I found it to be a mystery unfolding and could not put it down. It shines a new light on diseases that come from electrical development, and addresses current environmental crises that only a few yet realize are the consequence of electrosmog. This book is very, very important.”—Sandy Ross, PhD, president, Health and Habitat, Inc.“I was stunned by this book. It is an extremely valuable document about an increasingly widespread environmental health risk to which we are all exposed. I am overwhelmed with admiration for what Firstenberg has accomplished.”—William E. Morton, MD, DrPH, professor emeritus, Oregon Health Sciences University“Firstenberg is a pioneer in the sense that Rachel Carson was a pioneer.”—Chellis Glendinning, PhD, author of When Technology Wounds
£15.19
Canongate Books We Are Electric: The New Science of Our Body’s
Book SynopsisA BEST BOOK OF 2023 FOR THE TELEGRAPH, FINANCIAL TIMES, NEW SCIENTIST AND STYLIST A NEXT BIG IDEA CLUB MUST READ 2023You may be familiar with the idea of our body's biome - the bacterial fauna that populates our gut and can so profoundly affect our health. In We Are Electric we cross the next frontier of scientific understanding: discover your body's electrome.Every cell in our bodies - bones, skin, nerves, muscle - has a voltage, like a tiny battery. This bioelectricity is why our brains can send signals to our bodies, why we develop the way we do in the womb and how our bodies know to heal themselves from injury. When bioelectricity goes awry, illness, deformity and cancer can result. But if we can control or correct this bioelectricity, the implications for our health are remarkable: an undo switch for cancer that could flip malignant cells back into healthy ones; the ability to regenerate cells, organs, even limbs; to slow ageing and so much more.In We Are Electric, award-winning science writer Sally Adee explores the history of bioelectricity: from Galvani's epic eighteenth-century battle with the inventor of the battery, Alessandro Volta, to the medical charlatans claiming to use electricity to cure pretty much anything, to advances in the field helped along by the unusually massive axons of squid. And finally, she journeys into the future of the discipline, through today's laboratories where we are starting to see real-world medical applications being developed.The bioelectric revolution starts here.Trade ReviewAn entertaining account . . . Adee's enthusiasm is infectious and she conveys well the jaw-dropping scale and complexity of the "electrome" * * The Times * *We Are Electric is Adee's thrilling scientific detective story, a rich history that brings us up to date with the latest research * * New Scientist * *Excellent . . . Sally Adee has written an absorbing and fast-paced account of a field of research that could thus herald a whole new era of paradigm-shifting medicine * * New York Times * *Adee explores the chemical and electrical ferment underpinning all growth and life, highlighting the pioneers and charlatans who discovered and exploited "bioelectricity", [she] also conjures electric medicine: a future of good health, regenerated tissue and (perhaps) extended life * * New Scientist * *Adee writes as a reporter but also as an enthusiast . . . . A lively read * * Wall Street Journal * *This book blew my mind. We Are Electric is a thrilling read, and Sally Adee explains everything from the intricacies of our electric cells to the potential for new medical treatments - and brain-hacking - with a sparkling clarity -- MICHAEL BROOKS, author of 13 THINGS THAT DON'T MAKE SENSEThe 'ohmigod-that's-so-cool' moments come thick and fast as she brings the science up to date, investigating today's cutting edge and what the future may hold for bio-electric medicine. It's a vast and hugely exciting area of scientific research, shared with infectious enthusiasm, a real depth of knowledge and smart and funny turn of phrase. You'll never think of life in the same way again -- CAROLINE WILLIAMS, author of MOVE!: THE NEW SCIENCE OF BODY OVER MINDAs Sally Adee describes with great wit and insight, we are nothing without electricity: it's the stuff of life, and of death. This is such a thrilling, compelling and energising book - reading it I couldn't help picturing the author as Zeus, chucking lightning bolts at me. Such a timely book, too. The future is - I'm sorry, I can't help it - electrifying -- ROWAN HOOPER, author of SUPERHUMANStaggering . . . Our future appears electric, and this book does a great job of explaining why . . . Often amusing, always engaging * * Irish Times * *The electrome may be as important to our understanding of life as the genetic code - yet few of us are aware of these groundbreaking developments. With scintillating storytelling, Sally Adee takes us to into the heart of this scientific revolution and its potential to transform medicine. We Are Electric is science writing at its very best - it shimmers with wit and insight. Prepare to be entertained, enlightened and, yes, electrified by this brilliant book -- DAVID ROBSON, author of THE EXPECTATION EFFECT
£16.14
In Easy Steps Limited Electronics in Easy Steps
Book SynopsisEver wanted to know how things work, especially electronic devices? Electronics in easy steps tells you all about the building blocks that make up electronic circuits and the components that make an electronic device tick. It explains electronics in an easy to understand way and then takes you through some simple but useful circuits that you can build for yourself. Areas covered include:the basic fundamentals of electricitygetting started in electronicselectronic theory explainedresistors and capacitors what they dotransistors how they workcrystals and coilsbasic electronic building blockssimple circuits described and explainedhow a radio worksdesigning simple circuitscircuit design softwaremaking printed circuit boardsbuilding electronic circuitssoldering techniquestest equipmentcircuit testing and fault findingElectronics in easy steps is ideal for anyone who has always wanted to know how electricity works and what electronic components do from simple theory through to actually building, testing and troubleshooting useful and interesting circuits. Suitable for: StudentsDIY and Electronics enthusiastsHobbyistsRadio HobbyistsShort Wave Listeners and Radio Amateur Foundation Exam studentsMembers of the Cadets, Scouts, etc. and anyone with an inquisitive mind who wants to know how electricity and electronics works!
£10.99
Oxford University Press Electromagnetic Radiation
Book SynopsisElectromagnetic Radiation is a graduate level book on classical electrodynamics with a strong emphasis on radiation. This book is meant to quickly and efficiently introduce students to the electromagnetic radiation science essential to a practicing physicist. While a major focus is on light and its interactions, topics in radio frequency radiation, x-rays, and beyond are also treated. Special emphasis is placed on applications, with many exercises and problems. The format of the book is designed to convey the basic concepts in a mathematically rigorous manner, but with detailed derivations routinely relegated to the accompanying side notes or end of chapter Discussions.The book is composed of four parts: Part I is a review of basic E&M (electricity and magnetism), and presents a concise review of topics covered in the subject. Part II addresses the origins of radiation in terms of time variations of charge and current densities within the source, and presents Jefimenko''s field equatio
£37.99
Nova Science Publishers Inc Dispersion Dynamics in the Hall Effect & Pair
Book SynopsisDispersion dynamics are developed from the stable wave packet in wave mechanics. They are used first in a physical treatment of creation and annihilation, and then applied to measurements in high temperature superconductivity. The dynamics require that the negative energy solution to relativity equations implies negative rest mass in the antiparticle. Diracs positive mass for his first order equation is inconsistent with dispersion dynamics. The processing of the ceramic cuprates links the superconductivity not to the isotope effect, as in low temperature superconductors, but to chemical holes in the planar HiTc ceramics. The Hall coefficient is negative in the former case, but positive in the latter -- even though the Lorentz force can act on neither voids nor immobile ionic nuclei. Interpretation of the coefficient is an old anomaly. In fact, whether in metals, in p-type semiconductors or in HiTc ceramics, the carriers are all negatively charged. Dispersion dynamics show that the positive coefficient is a consequence of negative second derivatives in the dispersion of conduction bands in semiconductors, in certain metals and in high temperature superconductors.Existing data from HiTc compounds, especially data from processing, are reinterpreted to show how chemical and physical holes are formed. The holes that are evident in the Hall effect at normal temperatures are readily available to bond with electron pairs at lower temperatures for superconductivity. Wave functions in dispersion dynamics show how the conduction is non-resistive. The book contrasts the two types of superconductivity while uniting the mechanism in them for non-resistive behaviour.
£78.39
Nova Science Publishers Inc First-Principle vs. Experimental Design of
Book SynopsisRecent discoveries have given rise to a new class of electronics known as "spin electronics" or "spintronics," which uses the electron spin rather than its charge to create polarized currents. Spintronics is currently experiencing an extraordinary development with the manufacture of nanoscale devices based on ferromagnetic materials and semiconductors. Their applications are numerous, ranging from recording, electronics, and optoelectronics to quantum information. Spintronics is a new generation of electronics that has brought and continues to bring a lot of progress to information storage; this is due to the discovery of new materials with new functionalities and multiple applications. The discovery of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in 1988 by Albert Fert and Peter GrÃ"nberg (receiver of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2007) is considered a starting point of spintronics. GMR is based on the variation of the electric current in the presence of a magnetic field. The spintronics has made important contributions to the miniaturization desired for electronics; it uses nanometric components for processing and storing information. However, the limits of miniaturization on a nanometric scale are known, and it is imperative to develop new ways and new materials to exceed those limits. The most desired properties for these materials are high spin polarization, modular magnetic properties by an electric field and a long lifetime of the spin polarization. Among the new promising materials, we cite the following: Diluted magnetic semiconductors, which give new magnetic properties of conventional semiconductors, functional oxides (including the semi-metals and multiferroic metals) and organic semiconductors. The main theoretical challenge in this area is to understand how the macroscopic magnetic behavior observed results from interactions of a large number of degrees of microscopic freedom. In these systems the disorder is an essential parameter of magnetic phenomena, and due to random locations of impurity atoms it can lead to a total physical difference from the observed absence. There has been considerable recent advances in the design of these materials as diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS, or diluted magnetic semiconductors), and a number of semiconductors were investigated as II-VI group and III-V group doped compounds, with transition metals substituting their original cations. There are several different theoretical approaches to study these magnetic materials. The ab-initio approach starts from the Schrödinger equation to simulate a given material. Such an approach is essential to determine the parameters and microscopic properties of such a system. In this book, the authors analyzed the electronic structure of magnetic semiconductors diluted in the case of ZnO, GaN, SnO2, TiO2, MgH2, EuO and EuN doped RENs (RE=GdN, DyN and HoN). The authors focused on magnetic, optical and exchange mechanisms which control the ferromagnetism in these systems. The purpose of this book is to propose some ideas to answer the most important question in material science for semiconductor spintronics, primarily considering how room-temperature ferromagnetism in DMS can be realized. Additionally, the correlation between first principle and experimental design to see how properties of yet-to-be-synthesized materials can be predicted is discussed.Table of ContentsFor more information, please visit our website at:Print: https://www.novapublishers.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=65115E-Book: https://www.novapublishers.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=65116
£163.19
Nova Science Publishers Inc Electromagnetic Radiation: History, Theory and
Book SynopsisOur dependence on electromagnetic radiation includes transportation, communication, entertainment and health. Consequently electromagnetic fields interact with inner electromagnetism or tissue structures of living systems as human beings, promoting at the same time a great interest between biomedical and natural sciences while improving our knowledge to develop new and better diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. All kinds of biological and health effects concerning electromagnetic fields have also become a matter of public concern. According to the available scientific data from in vitro cell levers as well as animal and human at tissue level experiments, exposure to EM radiation is considered likely to be harmful to human health among other agents as chemicals and environmental pollution. This book aims to bring together basic knowledge including history and introductory mathematical approaches, combined with recent advances concerning radiation interaction with biological matter that includes occupational safety aspects from electromagnetic radiation. Students, researchers, as well as scientists of different fields who want a brief introduction and deep understanding of research approaches used could take advantage of starting their own path in studying the consequences of electromagnetic radiation on human health.
£92.79
Nova Science Publishers Inc Advances in Radiometry Research
Book SynopsisRadiometry is a fascinating, fast growing research area, and there are many interesting real life applications. This book is intended to provide readers the theoretical background of radiometry, a resource of the latest radiometry technology, as well as the latest research in radiometry. It is aimed at university/college students, researchers and engineers. It assumes readers have basic knowledge and skills concerning electronics, physics and mathematics at the university level. This book is divided into three parts. Part I is the Introduction to Radiometry, which includes the theoretical background of radiometry, radiometry sources, radiometry detectors, and radiometry optical systems. This part also includes the latest technologies available, such as different Quantum Cascade Lasers, wavelength tuneable detectors, thermal electric cooled and Stirling cooled detectors, multispectral and hyperspectral thermal cameras, high resolution and high speed thermal cameras, and various radiometry optical detection systems. Part II is called the Advances in Radiometry Research, which contains the development of the latest research in areas of biomedical applications, industrial applications, non-destructive testing, astronomy and environmental applications. This is the core part of the book, and provides a review of the latest research trends in radiometry in different application areas. It also includes a chapter on prototyping low cost radiometry devices, which provides a list of low cost lasers and detectors, low cost and compact thermal cameras, low cost optics, low cost PCB making, and finally low cost 3D printers and CNC machines. Part III is the Appendices, which includes symbols used in the book, some MATLAB example codes including least squares fitting and the latest deep learning GoogLeNet, the introduction to WolframAlpha, a list of optical, infrared and laser components suppliers, and radiometry books. This book can be used as a textbook as well as a background reading textbook, or as a resource book.
£163.19
Nova Science Publishers Inc An Essential Guide to Maxwell's Equations
Book SynopsisThis guide first reviews the Ranada field line solutions of Maxwell''s equations in a vacuum, describing a topologically non-trivial electromagnetic field, as well as their relation with the knot theory. Also, the authors present a generalisation of these solutions to the non-linear electrodynamics recently published in the literature. Next, this compilation reviews the gravitating electromagnetic field in the 1+3 formalism on a general hyperbolic space-time manifold, discussing the recent results regarding the existence of local field line solutions to the Einstein-Maxwell equations. Lastly, the authors consider the existence of a weak solution to a class of an evolutionary Maxwell-Stokes type problem containing a p-curlcurl system in a multi-connected domain.
£113.59
Nova Science Publishers Inc A Comprehensive Guide to Superconductivity
Book SynopsisA Comprehensive Guide to Superconductivity discusses the societal and environmental benefits of superconducting devices in electric transportation systems, introducing the electric and thermal characteristics of superconducting devices as well as providing an analysis of their cryogenic systems. The authors describe the main principles of spectroscopic methodology for the analysis of gapped electronic spectra and the electron-boson interaction leading to Cooper pair formation and, in turn, Fermi-sea instability. Additionally, methods to optimize the design of a 2G AC power cable are presented with the goal of providing uniform current distribution among cable layers. Beginning with an introduction to Pauli limited superconducting systems, solid state and ultra-cold atomic gas setups which host the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinniko superconducting phase are studied, along with relevant experimental diagnostics and reported observations. In closing, the authors discuss the theoretical understanding of Josephson transport in hybrid superconductor quantum dot devices. In particular, Josephson transport is studied through an uncorrelated single-level quantum dot coupled between two Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer superconducting leads, modelled by single-impurity Anderson Hamiltonian.
£113.59
Nova Science Publishers Inc Megagauss Magnetic Field Generation & Pulsed
Book SynopsisMegagauss Magnetic Field Generation & Pulsed Power Applications: Part I
£209.59
Nova Science Publishers Inc Studies of High Temperature Superconductors
Book Synopsis
£148.79
Nova Science Publishers Inc Studies of High Temperature Superconductors
Book Synopsis
£148.79
Nova Science Publishers Inc Smith-Parcell Effect
Book SynopsisSmith-Parcell Effect
£99.19
Nova Science Publishers Inc Studies of High Temperature Superconductors
Book SynopsisThese seven articles on high temperature superconductors cover fundamental properties, characterization, and applications of the new high Tc superconductors. Articles are meant to demonstrate an awareness of recent research in ceramics, metallurgy, a nd microelectronics. Topics include the synthesis
£148.79
Oxford University Press Superconductivity Superfluids and Condensates
Book SynopsisThis textbook series has been designed for final year undergraduate and first year graduate students, providing an overview of the entire field, showing how specialized topics are part of the wider whole, and including references to current areas of literature and research.Table of Contents1. Bose-Einstein condensates ; 2. Superfluid helium-4 ; 3. Superconductivity ; 4. The Ginzburg-Landau model ; 5. The macroscopic coherent state ; 6. The BCS theory of superconductivity ; 7. Superfluid helium-3 and unconventional superconductivity ; A. Solutions and hints to selected exercises
£37.04
Springer-Verlag New York Inc. The Science of Radio
Book SynopsisFrom the reviews: "… The notes and problems at the end of each chapter are very helpful. […] In the final analysis, the book is definitely worth owning. […] It is an extremely well written – but unusual – book that I highly recommend for all physicists." The Physics TeacherTrade ReviewFrom the reviews:"… The notes and problems at the end of each chapter are very helpful. There are many quotable passages … In the final analysis, the book is definitely worth owning … It is an extremely well written – but unusual – book that I highly recommend for all physicists." The Physics Teacher FROM THE REVIEWS:ELECTRONIC DESIGN NEWS"Even though this 296-page textbook targets sophomore EE students, it has a place in the libraries of experienced Electrical Engineers. It does a good job not only of teaching the underlying theory of radio, but also of entertaining readers.”CHOICE MAGAZINE”Intended as a companion for students familiar with college physics and calculus and studying electrical engineering using AM radio theory, Nahin’s work takes a unique teaching approach. The 21 chapters are divided into four sections, sprinkled with humorous cartoons to pique reader interest…The work contains many fascinating ideas…Upper-division undergraduate; faculty; professional.”THE PHYSICS TEACHER"The book is unorthodox in many ways, from its presentation of the sophisticated mathematics of radio within the general chronology of the discovery and advance of radio art and technology to the inclusion of problems at the end of the appendices (I’m not certain I’ve ever seen that before!)…He never talks down to the reader (an elegant vocabulary is used) and seldom will a reader be bored. The notes and problems at the end of each chapter are very helpful. There are many quotable passages…In the final analysis, the book is definitely worth owning…It is an extremely well written – but unusual – book that I highly recommend for all physicists.”Table of ContentsWhat's new in the second edition. A Note to Professors. Prologue. 1. Solution to an Old Problem. 2. Pre-Radio History of Radio Waves. 3. Antenna as Launchers and Interceptors of Electromagnetic Waves. 4. Early Radio. 5. Receiving Spark Transmitter Signals. 6. Mathematics of AM Sidebands. 7. First Continuous Waves and Heterodyne Concept. 8. Birth of Electronics. 9. Fourier Series and Their Physical Meaning. 10. Convergence in Energy of the Fourier Series. 11. Radio Spectrum of a Spark-Gap Transmitter. 12. Fourier Integral Theorem, and the Continuous Spectrum of a Non-Periodic Time Signal. 13. Physical Meaning of the Fourier Transform. 14. Impulse 'Functions in Time and Frequency. 15. Convolution Theorem, Frequency Shifts, and Causal Time Signals. 16. Multiplying by Squaring and Filtering. 17. Squaring and Multiplying with Matched Nonlinearities. 18. Multiplying by 'Sampling and Filtering'. 19 Synchronous Demodulation and Its Problems. 20. Analytic Signals and Single-Sideband Radio. 21 Denoument. Epilogue. Technical Appendices: Complex Exponentials. Linear Time-Invariant Systems. Two-Terminal Components, Kirchoff's Circuit Laws, etc. Thevenin's and Norton's Theorems. Resonance in Electrical Circuits. Differential and Operational Amplifiers. Order of Integration and Differentiating an Integral. Fourier Theorem. Hilbert Integral Transform. Table of Fourier Transforms. Last Words. Indexes
£67.49
Dover Publications Inc. Experimental Researches in Electricity
Book SynopsisThe pioneer of electromagnetic induction discusses inquiries that led to his development of the first dynamo and his establishment of foundations of classical field theory. "Impressive." â Florida Scientist. 1914 edition.
£17.57
Elsevier Science Publishing Co Inc Machine Learning
Book SynopsisTrade Review"This is a very complete Machine Learning book, as it covers statistical learning theory, both from frequentist and Bayesian perspectives. It also encompasses signal processing, probabilistic graphical models, deep learning, and latent variable modeling. It balances mathematical rigor with insightful comments to ease clear interpretation. The many examples make the text even more comprehensive. Each chapter has a well-curated list of references for further deepening on specific topics. Thus, it provides a thorough background for Machine Learning at an upper undergraduate level course. This book is also an excellent reference for practitioners to understand the necessary theory to apply Machine Learning with informed criteria." --Hamed Yazdanpanah, Postdoctoral Researcher, University of São Paulo Reviews of the previous edition: "Overall, this text is well organized and full of details suitable for advanced graduate and postgraduate courses, as well as scholars..." --Computing Reviews "Machine Learning: A Bayesian and Optimization Perspective, Academic Press, 2105, by Sergios Theodoridis is a wonderful book, up to date and rich in detail. It covers a broad selection of topics ranging from classical regression and classification techniques to more recent ones including sparse modeling, convex optimization, Bayesian learning, graphical models and neural networks, giving it a very modern feel and making it highly relevant in the deep learning era. While other widely used machine learning textbooks tend to sacrifice clarity for elegance, Professor Theodoridis provides you with enough detail and insights to understand the "fine print". This makes the book indispensable for the active machine learner." --Prof. Lars Kai Hansen, DTU Compute - Dept. Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of Denmark "Before the publication of Machine Learning: A Bayesian and Optimization Perspective, I had the opportunity to review one of the chapters in the book (on Monte Carlo methods). I have published actively in this area, and so I was curious how S. Theodoridis would write about it. I was utterly impressed. The chapter presented the material with an optimal mix of theoretical and practical contents in very clear manner and with information for a wide range of readers, from newcomers to more advanced readers. This raised my curiosity to read the rest of the book once it was published. I did it and my original impressions were further reinforced. S. Theodoridis has a great capability to disentangle the important from the unimportant and to make the most of the used space for writing. His text is rich with insights about the addressed topics that are not only helpful for novices but also for seasoned researchers. It goes without saying that my department adopted his book as a textbook in the course on machine learning." --Petar M. Djuric, Ph.D. SUNY Distinguished Professor Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA "As someone who has taught graduate courses in pattern recognition for over 35 years, I have always looked for a rigorous book that is current and appealing to students with widely varying backgrounds. The book on Machine Learning by Sergios Theodoridis has struck the perfect balance in explaining the key (traditional and new) concepts in machine learning in a way that can be appreciated by undergraduate and graduate students as well as practicing engineers and scientists. The chapters have been written in a self-consistent way, which will help instructors to assemble different sections of the book to suit the background of students" --Rama Cellappa, Distinguished University Professor, Minta Martin Professor of Engineering, Chair, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, USATable of Contents1. Introduction 2. Probability and stochastic Processes 3. Learning in parametric Modeling: Basic Concepts and Directions 4. Mean-Square Error Linear Estimation 5. Stochastic Gradient Descent: the LMS Algorithm and its Family 6. The Least-Squares Family 7. Classification: A Tour of the Classics 8. Parameter Learning: A Convex Analytic Path 9. Sparsity-Aware Learning: Concepts and Theoretical Foundations 10. Sparsity-Aware Learning: Algorithms and Applications 11. Learning in Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces 12. Bayesian Learning: Inference and the EM Algorithm 13. Bayesian Learning: Approximate Inference and nonparametric Models 14. Montel Carlo Methods 15. Probabilistic Graphical Models: Part 1 16. Probabilistic Graphical Models: Part 2 17. Particle Filtering 18. Neural Networks and Deep Learning 19. Dimensionality Reduction and Latent Variables Modeling
£72.86
Oxford University Press Electrodynamics from Ampere to Einstein
Book SynopsisThree quarters of a century elapsed between Ampère''s definition of electrodynamics and Einstein''s reform of the concepts of space and time. The two events occurred in utterly different worlds: the French Academy of Sciences of the 1820s seems very remote from the Bern patent office of the early 1900s, and the forces between two electric currents quite foreign to the optical synchronization of clocks. Yet Ampère''s electrodynamics and Einstein''s relativity are firmly connected through an historical chain involving German extensions of Ampère''s work, competition with British field conceptions, Dutch synthesis, and fin de siècle criticism of the aether-matter connection. Darrigol''s book retraces this intriguing evolution, with a physicist''s attention to conceptual and instrumental developments, and with an historian''s awareness of their cultural and material embeddings. This book exploits a wide range of sources, and incorporates the many important insights of other scholars. ThoroTrade Review... this is both a pioneering work that lays firm foundations for all further investigations in this fundamental field and one of the highest quality. * ISIS *... the scholarship is detailed and impeccable. * ISIS *... an important book that should stand as one of the first points of reference for anyone seeking a sound technical introduction to the history of electrodynamics in the nineteenth century. * The Royal Society Notes and Records *... carefully interweaves the history of theoretical innovation with the history of the experimental work upon which the theory was founded ... The author has done an extremely impressive job in digesting and summarizing a large and often highly technical primary and secondary literature, and in telling the story in his own lucid and engaging style. The key mathematical theories of electrodynamics are dealt with in a clear and concise manner ... very useful end-of-chapter summaries. * The Royal Society Notes and Records *Table of ContentsPREFACE; 1 FOUNDATIONS; 2 GERMAN PRECISION; 3 BRITISH FIELDS; 4 CLERK MAXWELL; 5 BRITISH MAXWELLIANS; 6 OPEN CURRENTS; 7 CONDUCTION OF ELECTROLYTES AND GASES; 8 THE ELECTRON THEORIES; 9 OLD PRINCIPLES AND A NEW WORLD VIEW; APPENDICES 1-12
£160.00
The University of Chicago Press Our Magnetic Earth
Book SynopsisShows that geomagnetism is an enduring area of science, one that offers answers to some of the biggest questions about our planet's past - and maybe even its future. Suitable for those who have struggled with a compass or admired a ragged V of migrating geese, this book demonstrates that education and entertainment need not be polar opposites.Trade Review"If you're looking for a gift for a self-described geek drawn to science books like an iron filing to a magnet, then consider Our Magnetic Earth, a fascinating explanation of that mysterious force." (Julia Keller, Chicago Tribune)"
£17.00
The University of Chicago Press Probing the Sky with Radio Waves
Book SynopsisBy the late nineteenth century, engineers and experimental scientists generally knew how radio waves behaved, and by 1901 scientists were able to manipulate them to transmit messages across long distances. This title documents this monumental discovery and the advances in radio ionospheric propagation research that occurred in its aftermath.Trade Review"Chen-Pang Yeang's book is the major contribution to our knowledge of how physical theory and electrical experimentation worked together to explain the movement of radio waves beyond the horizon." (A. David Wunsch, University of Massachusetts Lowell)"
£76.00
The University of Chicago Press Probing the Sky with Radio Waves
Book SynopsisEngineers and experimental scientists generally knew how radio waves behaved, what no one could understand, however, was why radio waves followed the curvature of the Earth. The author documents this discovery and the advances in radio ionospheric propagation research that occurred in its aftermath.
£29.45
