Electricity, electromagnetism and magnetism Books

Book Synopsis‘This seminal book...will transform your understanding ...of the environmental and health effects of electricity and radio frequencies’ Paradigm Explorer ‘Firstenberg is a pioneer in the sense that Rachel Carson was a pioneer.’ Chellis Glendinning, PhD, author of When Technology Wounds 75,000 copies sold! Cell towers, Wi-fi, 5G: Electricity has shaped the modern world. But how has it affected our health and environment? Over the last 220 years, society has evolved a universal belief that electricity is ‘safe’ for humanity and the planet. Scientist and journalist Arthur Firstenberg disrupts this conviction by telling the story of electricity in a way it has never been told before – from an environmental point of view – by detailing the effects that this fundamental societal building block has had on our health and our planet. In The Invisible Rainbow, Firstenberg traces the history of electricity from the early eighteenth century to the present, making a compelling case that many environmental problems, as well as the major diseases of industrialised civilisation—heart disease, diabetes, and cancer—are related to electrical pollution.Trade Review“Few individuals today are able to grasp the entirety of a scientific subject and present it in a highly engaging manner, in plain English, without losing any of the details. In The Invisible Rainbow, Firstenberg has done just that with one of the most pressing but neglected problems of our technological age. This book, which as a medical doctor I found hard to put down, explores the relationship between electricity and life from beginning to end: from the early eighteenth century to today, and from the point of view of the physician, the physicist, and the average person in the street. Firstenberg makes a compelling case that the major diseases of civilization—heart disease, diabetes, and cancer—are in large part related to the pollution of our world by electricity.”—Bradley Johnson, MD, Amen Clinic, San Francisco“The Invisible Rainbow is wonderful. Firstenberg has done his research thoroughly. His book is easily readable and provocative while being entertaining. A remarkable contribution.”—David O. Carpenter, MD, director, Institute for Health and the Environment, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany“I found it to be a mystery unfolding and could not put it down. It shines a new light on diseases that come from electrical development, and addresses current environmental crises that only a few yet realize are the consequence of electrosmog. This book is very, very important.”—Sandy Ross, PhD, president, Health and Habitat, Inc.“I was stunned by this book. It is an extremely valuable document about an increasingly widespread environmental health risk to which we are all exposed. I am overwhelmed with admiration for what Firstenberg has accomplished.”—William E. Morton, MD, DrPH, professor emeritus, Oregon Health Sciences University“Firstenberg is a pioneer in the sense that Rachel Carson was a pioneer.”—Chellis Glendinning, PhD, author of When Technology Wounds

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Book SynopsisA BEST BOOK OF 2023 FOR THE TELEGRAPH, FINANCIAL TIMES, NEW SCIENTIST AND STYLIST A NEXT BIG IDEA CLUB MUST READ 2023Discover the next frontier of scientific understanding: your body's electrome.Every cell in your body - bones, skin, nerves, muscle - has a voltage, like a tiny battery. This bioelectricity is why your brain can send signals to your body, why it develops and how it heals itself.In We Are Electric, award-winning science writer Sally Adee explores the colourful history of bioelectricity and journeys into the remarkable future of the discipline, through today's laboratories where real-world medical applications are being developed.Trade ReviewAn entertaining account . . . Adee's enthusiasm is infectious and she conveys well the jaw-dropping scale and complexity of the "electrome" * * The Times * *We Are Electric is Adee's thrilling scientific detective story, a rich history that brings us up to date with the latest research * * New Scientist * *Excellent . . . Sally Adee has written an absorbing and fast-paced account of a field of research that could thus herald a whole new era of paradigm-shifting medicine * * New York Times * *This year's lightbulb moment * * Telegraph * *Adee explores the chemical and electrical ferment underpinning all growth and life, highlighting the pioneers and charlatans who discovered and exploited "bioelectricity", [she] also conjures electric medicine: a future of good health, regenerated tissue and (perhaps) extended life * * New Scientist * *A revelation . . . Has rich implications for how we heal and grow * * Daily Telegraph * *Adee writes as a reporter but also as an enthusiast . . . . A lively read * * Wall Street Journal * *This book blew my mind. We Are Electric is a thrilling read, and Sally Adee explains everything from the intricacies of our electric cells to the potential for new medical treatments - and brain-hacking - with a sparkling clarity -- MICHAEL BROOKS, author of 13 THINGS THAT DON'T MAKE SENSEThe 'ohmigod-that's-so-cool' moments come thick and fast as she brings the science up to date, investigating today's cutting edge and what the future may hold for bio-electric medicine. It's a vast and hugely exciting area of scientific research, shared with infectious enthusiasm, a real depth of knowledge and smart and funny turn of phrase. You'll never think of life in the same way again -- CAROLINE WILLIAMS, author of MOVE!: THE NEW SCIENCE OF BODY OVER MINDAs Sally Adee describes with great wit and insight, we are nothing without electricity: it's the stuff of life, and of death. This is such a thrilling, compelling and energising book - reading it I couldn't help picturing the author as Zeus, chucking lightning bolts at me. Such a timely book, too. The future is - I'm sorry, I can't help it - electrifying -- ROWAN HOOPER, author of SUPERHUMAN

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Book SynopsisThe only scientist to ever appear on the British twenty pound note, Michael Faraday is one of the most recognisable names in the history of science.Faraday's forte was electricity, a revolutionary force in nineteenth-century society. The electric telegraph had made mass-communication possible and inventors looked forward to the day when electricity would control all aspects of life. By the end of the century, this dream was well on its way to being realised. But what was Faraday's role in all this? How did his science come to have such an impact on the lives of the Victorians (and ultimately on us)?Iwan Morus tells the story of Faraday's upbringing in London and his apprenticeship at the Royal Institution under the supervision of the flamboyant chemist, Sir Humphry Davy, all set against the backdrop of a vibrant scientific culture and an empire near the peak of its power.

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Book SynopsisWe live in a world of waves. The Earth shakes to its foundations, the seas and oceans tremble incessantly, sounds reverberate through land, sea, and air. Beneath the skin, our brains and bodies are awash with waves of their own, and the Universe is filled by a vast spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, of which visible light is the narrowest sliver. Casting the net even wider, there are mechanical waves, quantum wave phenomena, and the now clearly detected gravitational waves. Look closer and deeper and more kinds of waves appear, down to the most fundamental level of reality. This Very Short Introduction looks at all the main kinds of wave, their sources, effects, and uses. Mike Goldsmith discusses how wave motion results in a range of phenomena, from reflection, diffraction, interference, and polarization in the case of light waves to beats and echoes for sound. All waves, however different, share many of the same features, and, as Goldsmith shows, for all their complexities many of their behaviours are fundamentally simple.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Table of Contents1: Waves in essence2: Water waves3: Sound waves4: Seismic waves5: Biological waves6: Electromagnetic waves7: Gravitational waves8: Quantum wavesFurther readingIndex

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Book SynopsisSuperconductivity is one of the most exciting areas of research in physics today. Outlining the history of its discovery, and the race to understand its many mysterious and counter-intuitive phenomena, this Very Short Introduction explains in accessible terms the theories that have been developed, and how they have influenced other areas of science, including the Higgs boson of particle physics and ideas about the early Universe. It is an engaging and informative account of a fascinating scientific detective story, and an intelligible insight into some deep and beautiful ideas of physics.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Table of Contents1. What is superconductivity? ; 2. The quest for low temperatures ; 3. The discovery of superconductivity ; 4. Expulsion ; 5. Pairing up ; 6. Symmetry ; 7. Before the breakthrough ; 8. High-temperature superconductivity ; 9. The making of the new superconductors ; 10. What have superconductors ever done for us? ; Dramatis personae ; Further Reading ; Index

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Book SynopsisLight enables us to see the world around us. Our sense of sight provides us with direct information about space and time, the physical arrangement of the world, and how it changes. This almost universal shared sensation of vision has led to a fascination with the nature and properties of light across the ages. But the light we see is just a small part of the whole spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, ranging from radio waves to gamma rays.In this Very Short Introduction Ian Walmsley discusses early attempts to explain light, and the development of apparently opposing particulate and wave theories by scientists such as Isaac Newton and Christiaan Huygens. He shows how light was recognized as an electromagnetic wave in the 19th century, and the development of the quantum mechanics view of wave-particle duality in the 20th century. He also describes the many applications of light, domestic and scientific, such as microwaves, DVDs, and lasers. We now use the whole range of electromagnetic radiation to peer both into the human body and deep into space. Turning to the future of optics, Walmsley concludes by looking at some of the most exciting new developments using quantum light sources in communications and computing.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Trade Reviewa solid little collection of material on the nature of light. * Popularscience.com *Table of Contents1. What is light? ; 2. Rays ; 3. Waves ; 4. Duality ; 5. Light matters ; 6. Light, space and time ; 7. Lighting the frontiers ; 8. Quantum Light ; 9. Twilight ; Further Reading ; Index

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Book SynopsisAn engaging writing style and a strong focus on the physics make this comprehensive, graduate-level textbook unique among existing classical electromagnetism textbooks. It features close to 120 worked examples, 80 applications boxes and nearly 600 end-of-chapter homework problems, with a solutions manual available to instructors at www.cambridge.org/Zangwill.Trade Review'An outstanding achievement on so many levels, including scope, depth, insight, pedagogy, and historical background. It will become an instant classic.' John D. Joannopoulos, Massachusetts Institute of Technology'Zangwill's recreation of classical electromagnetic theory will surely become the standard text on the subject. His comprehensive and scholarly treatment clarifies subtle points that are often ignored or concealed.' Sir Michael Berry, University of Bristol'I am happy to recommend this book. It is carefully and creatively organized, clearly written, and has many, many interesting problems to solve.' Gerald A. Miller, University of Washington'This book richly deserves the word 'modern' in its title. Zangwill develops an intuitive picture of electrodynamics that will be a great resource for all.' Rob Phillips, California Institute of Technology'I am impressed by the careful and thorough way this book addresses subtle questions like the behavior of electromagnetic fields in dielectric matter. It will be an essential resource for both researchers and teachers who are not willing to sweep this and other delicate issues under the rug.' Alain Aspect, Institut d'Optique and Ecole Polytechnique'Zangwill has written an excellent graduate textbook, with a large number of carefully chosen problems and examples. Boxes describing interesting and quirky applications add color to the presentation and references to quantum mechanics and modern topics will surely engage students.' R. Merlin, University of Michigan'This comprehensive textbook gives refreshing insights into classical electrodynamics, with emphasis on the physics without sacrificing mathematical rigor. I particularly like the numerous worked examples and sections on applications, which show the relevance of the topics to modern research. The problems, with comprehensive solutions for the busy instructor, will be excellent for students to get to grips with the material.' Shirley Chiang, University of California, Davis'I enjoyed examining this handsome book, finding favorite topics described in fresh ways and learning about other topics. Zangwill's writing and mathematical demonstrations are crisp and to the point, and they generally complement each other well. Sprinkled throughout are various gems of historical and scientific interest.' Roy F. Schwitters, Physics Today'… clear and modern … very well structured … could make a hit in the textbook market and, more importantly, could have a serious impact on the future writing style of books on electromagnetics. This book is one of the best books about electrodynamics I have read, up to now. It greatly contributes to the development of physical understanding, is already used heavily within my research group, and is thus highly recommended.' Guy Vandenbosch, Radio Science BulletinTable of Contents1. Mathematical preliminaries; 2. The Maxwell equations; 3. Electrostatics; 4. Electric multipoles; 5. Conducting matter; 6. Dielectric matter; 7. Laplace's Equation; 8. Poisson's Equation; 9. Steady current; 10. Magnetostatics; 11. Magnetic multipoles; 12. Magnetic force and energy; 13. Magnetic matter; 14. Dynamic and quasistatic fields; 15. General electromagnetic fields; 16. Waves in vacuum; 17. Waves in simple matter; 18. Waves in dispersive matter; 19. Guided and confined waves; 20. Retardation and radiation; 21. Scattering and diffraction; 22. Special relativity; 23. Fields from moving charges; 24. Lagrangian and Hamiltonian methods; Appendixes; Index.

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Book SynopsisElectromagnetism is one of the four fundamental forces in nature, and underlies almost everything we experience in our daily lives, whether we realise it or not. The complete theory was first written down in the late 19th century, and remains an essential part of a scientific education. The mathematics behind the theory, however, can be intimidatingly complex. Furthermore, it is not always clear to beginners why the theory is either useful or interesting, nor how it relates to modern research in theoretical physics.The aim of this book is to guide students towards a detailed understanding of the full theory of electromagnetism, including its practical applications. Later chapters introduce more modern formulations of the theory than are found in traditional undergraduate courses, thus bridging the gap between a first course in electromagnetism, and the advanced concepts needed for further study in physics. The final chapter reviews exciting current research stating that possible theories of (quantum) gravity may be much more closely related to electromagnetism than previously thought.Throughout the book, an informal conversational style is used to demystify intimidating concepts. Relevant mathematical ideas are introduced in a self-contained manner, and exercises are provided with full solutions to aid understanding. This book is essential reading for anyone undertaking a physics degree, but will also be of interest to engineers and chemists.

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Book SynopsisThis volume is intended as a systematic introduction to gauge field theory for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in high energy physics. The discussion is restricted to the classical (non-quantum) theory in Minkowski spacetime. Particular attention has been given to conceptual aspects of field theory, accurate definitions of basic physical notions, and thorough analysis of exact solutions to the equations of motion for interacting systems.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "Russian physicist Kosyakov has written an introduction to classical gauge theory for students of high energy or particle physics. … Extensive reference list. A valuable addition to a university library supporting a program in high energy theory; highly mathematical, so most useful as a resource for undergraduate programs. Summing Up: Recommended. Graduate students; professionals." (R. L. Stearns, CHOICE, Vol. 44 (10), June, 2007) "The classical theory of gauge fields is an important subject that has numerous applications in modern physics. … A nice feature of this book is that this is self contained. All the necessary definitions as well as the technical tools are provided by the author in the main body of the book. … I enjoyed reading the book. … Overall the monograph … can be warmly recommended to any serious student of electrodynamics and gauge theory and to their instructors alike." (Yuri N. Obukhov, Annalen der Physik, Vol. 16 (12), 2007) "Each chapter contains problems and final notes, a useful guide to the history of the subject. … The volume is intended to be an introduction for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in high energy physics. … We mention that it is timely elaborate a unified view of the classical self-interaction problems in classical gauge theories with particular reference to the electrodynamics of point electrons and Yang-Mills interaction of point quarks. The present work is a valuable contribution to this task." (Petre P. Teodorescu, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1114 (16), 2007) "This book is an introduction to classical field theory. Although it was designed for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, researchers could also benefit from this book. It is intended for mathematical physicists and theoretical physicists. Classical gauge theories are discussed in detail, with great emphasis on self-interactions. … In summary, this is a useful introduction to classical gauge theories that can be recommended both to students (theoretical or mathematical physics), and to specialists and researchers, as a reference book." (Giuseppe Nardelli, Mathematical Reviews, Issue 2008 c)Table of ContentsGeometry of Minkowski Space.- Relativistic Mechanics.- Electromagnetic Field.- Solutions to Maxwell's Equations.- Lagrangian Formalism in Electrodynamics.- Self-Interaction in Electrodynamics.- Lagrangian Formalism for Gauge Theories.- Solutions to the Yang?Mills Equations.- Self-Interaction in Gauge Theories.- Generalizations.- Mathematical Appendices.

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Book SynopsisFor 50 years, Edward M. Purcell''s classic textbook has introduced students to the world of electricity and magnetism. The third edition has been brought up to date and is now in SI units. It features hundreds of new examples, problems, and figures, and contains discussions of real-life applications. The textbook covers all the standard introductory topics, such as electrostatics, magnetism, circuits, electromagnetic waves, and electric and magnetic fields in matter. Taking a nontraditional approach, magnetism is derived as a relativistic effect. Mathematical concepts are introduced in parallel with the physics topics at hand, making the motivations clear. Macroscopic phenomena are derived rigorously from the underlying microscopic physics. With worked examples, hundreds of illustrations, and nearly 600 end-of-chapter problems and exercises, this textbook is ideal for electricity and magnetism courses. Solutions to the exercises are available for instructors at www.cambridge.org/PurcelTrade Review'Although the basic physics remains largely unchanged, the Purcell and Morin book has many clarifying discussions … and most chapters end with current applications and a summary. Solutions to the problems represent roughly one-quarter of the text - they are a most welcome addition, particularly for self-study. (Purcell wrote out a solution manual by hand - mainly for instructors! - to accompany his first edition).' H. Henry Stroke, Physics TodayTable of Contents1. Electrostatics: charges and fields; 2. The electric potential; 3. Electric fields around conductors; 4. Electric currents; 5. The fields of moving charges; 6. The magnetic field; 7. Electromagnetic induction; 8. Alternating-current circuits; 9. Maxwell's equations and electromagnetic waves; 10. Electric fields in matter; 11. Magnetic fields in matter; Appendixes; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisNikola Tesla was a major contributor to the electrical revolution that transformed daily life at the turn of the twentieth century. His inventions, patents, and theoretical work formed the basis of modern AC electricity, and contributed to the development of radio and television. Like his competitor Thomas Edison, Tesla was one of America's first cTrade ReviewWinner of the 2015 Sally Hacker Prize, Society for the History of Technology Winner of the 2015 IEEE William and Joyce Middleton Electrical Engineering History Award, History Committee of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers One of Amazon.com's 2013 Best Science Books One of Booklist Online's Top 10 Science & Health Books for 2013 One of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2013 One of The Guardian's Best Popular Physical Science Books of 2014, chosen by GrrlScientist Honorable Mention for the 2013 PROSE Award in Biography & Autobiography, Association of American Publishers Longlisted for the 2014 Royal Society Winton Prize for Science Books "[An] assiduous, endlessly patient biography... In Carlson's eyes, Tesla's relationship with modernity in all its forms--its fixation with progress and explanation, capital and connection, but also its fragmentation of narrative and self--is more complex and revealing than even the conspiracy nuts have imagined."--Richard Barnett, London Review of Books "Carlson sheds light on the man and plenty of his inventions... [An] electric portrait."--Publishers Weekly "Superb... Carlson brings to life Tesla's extravagant self-promotion, as well as his eccentricity and innate talents, revealing him as a celebrity-inventor of the 'second industrial revolution' to rival Thomas Alva Edison."--W. Patrick McCray, Nature "Soundly footnoted, yet eminently readable, it provides a balanced examination of the man and his work, focusing particularly on Tesla's distinctive style of invention."--Natural History "Carefully researched and thoughtfully written... Clearly surpassing earlier accounts, [this] will be the gold standard for Tesla biography."--Thomas J. Misa, Science "A scholarly, critical, mostly illuminating study of the life and work of the great Serbian inventor."--Kirkus Reviews "Carlson even has something to teach readers familiar with Seifer's dissection of Tesla's tortured psyche in Wizard (2001) and O'Neill's much earlier chronicle of Tesla's childhood and early career in Prodigal Genius (1944). Carlson provides not only a more detailed explanation of Tesla's science but also a more focused psychological account of Tesla's inventive process than do his predecessors. Carlson also surpasses his predecessors in showing how Tesla promoted his inventions by creating luminous illusions of progress, prosperity, and peace, illusions so strong that they finally unhinge their creator. An exceptional fusion of technical analysis of revolutionary devices and imaginative sympathy for a lacerated ego."--Bryce Christensen, Booklist starred review "This is a fascinating glimpse into the life of a monumental inventor whose impact on our contemporary world is all too unfamiliar to the general public. Carlson relates the science behind Tesla's inventions with a judicial balance that will engage both the novice and the academic alike. Highly recommended to serious biography buffs and to readers of scientific subjects."--Brian Odom, Library Journal "Carlson deftly weaves the many threads of Tesla's story."--Nicola Davis, Times "Splendid."--Jon Turney, Times Higher Education "Run, don't walk, to buy this book for the Nikola Tesla cultist in your life... [Carlson] is the first trained academic historian of technology to approach this topic, and he snaps the intense, romantic Serb back into his proper context."--Colby Cosh, Maclean's Magazine "Carlson takes a historian's approach to piecing together Tesla's life. He resists the temptation to focus only on Tesla's persona as an eccentric genius with a flair for drama... Instead, Carlson sets out to answer three questions: 'How did Tesla invent? How did his inventions work? And what happened as he introduced his inventions?'"--Maggie Fazeli Fard, Washington Post "Required reading for any would-be innovator."--Christine Evans-Pughe, Engineering and Technology "An impressive piece of scholarship."--Graham Farmelo, Daily Telegraph "Carlson has written an exhaustive biography of Tesla, remarkable for its breadth and thoroughness. He explores and details all his major inventions, providing illustrations and in some cases even reproductions of the patent applications. This is as fair and balanced a biography of Tesla as one could hope for, no mean feat for a man so full of contradictions."--Gino Segre, Physics in Perspective "Historian Carlson ... has at last written a balanced and nuanced scholarly treatment of Tesla in the technical and social contexts of his time... Carlson's easy-to-read style and almost flawless exposition of technical matters will make this book attractive for everyone from general readers to engineers and historians. It is well illustrated and indexed with extensive footnotes. This book is likely to become the standard scholarly biography of Tesla for decades to come."--Choice "Since the death of Nikola Tesla in 1943, his life has deserved a worthy biography. Bernard Carlson has delivered that in Tesla: Inventor of the Electrical Age, which portrays Tesla as intensely human... Anyone, whether simply an interested reader or a professional historian, engineer, or physicist, will finish Tesla with a deepened understanding of his world, character, and accomplishments."--Robert Rosenberg, Physics Today "This major biography sheds new light on Tesla's visionary approach to invention and the business strategies behind his most important technological breakthroughs."--World Book Industry "The author Bernard Carlson has put a herculean effort in presenting a detailed biographical study of one of the greatest engineer-scientists of human history, Nikola Tesla... The book may be treated as a benchmark by future biographers of inventors and scientists."--Mainak Sengupta, Current Science "It is a very readable work and presents the whole picture of Tesla both as an electrical wizard and as a human being with all the associated foibles. I particularly liked the way Carlson interspersed the narrative with commentary on the inventive process, the role of illusion, and the social implications of his technologies on bringing about positive changes in society as a whole. If you wish to read a factual book about Tesla, this is the one."--Eric P. Wenaas, IEEE Technology and Society Magazine "[Readers] will certainly see this volume as an indispensable guide to one of the most fascinating yet controversial and misunderstood innovators of the modern era."--Graeme Gooday, Metascience "[A] masterly study of the man and his work, explaining how business interests as well as scientific curiosity drove Tesla. Carlson shows how engineers, just as much as artists, benefit from creativity, imagination and idealism."--Roger Backhouse, Journal of the Society of Model & Experimental Engineers "[T]his is an enjoyable biography of Tesla, concentrating in detail on his engineering achievements and business arrangements, even though it could have been firmer on the unscientific nature of some of Tesla's ideas."--Brian Clegg, Popular Science "The most objective and balanced Tesla biography to date."--Tibi Puiu, ZME Science "Tesla is a tour de force of sound scholarship and cogent analysis that brings to life one of the most eccentric and enigmatic characters in the history of technology."--Michael Brian Schiffer, Register of The Kentucky Historical Society "An eminently readable history that, while avoiding hagiography, reconstructs the intellectual development of one of history's great electrical inventors and the social contexts in which he worked."--Benjamin Gross, Chemical Heritage "Carlson's book is likely the definitive biography of Tesla. It is a challenging read, but a rewarding one. It also contributes in the wider context to the reinvention of scientific biography as a prism of cultural history."--Guillaume de Syon, Canadian Journal of History "Carlson's book stands out compared with previous Tesla biographies... The result is an eminently readable history that, while avoiding hagiography, reconstructs the intellectual development of one of history's great electrical inventors and the social contexts in which he worked."--Benjamin Gross, Chemical Heritage "Dr. Carlson has written an outstanding work, exhibiting a true understanding of the complex person who was Nikola Tesla. The book is alternatively uplifting--as it reveals how Tesla's mind worked, creating prototypes of inventions which have changed the world--and heartbreaking... The book is much more than a biography, as Carlson examines the art of invention as it applied to Tesla. He skillfully weaves into the narrative insights as to why Tesla approached his work in the way he did."--John Bowditch, Technology and Culture "Only the bravest of historians elects to take on the challenge of writing a scholarly biography of Tesla that examines and critiques such fondly cherished myths. And Bernie Carlson is certainly up to this challenge... [A]n indispensable guide to one of the most fascinating yet controversial and misunderstood innovators of the modern era."--Graeme Gooday, Metascience "[Carlson's] extensive notes on his sources are invaluable for Tesla researchers, and his book sheds light on many misconceptions perpetuated in some popular Tesla biographies."--Nexus Magazine "The problem for any biographer is that there are really two distinctly different Nikola Teslas. One is the towering genius shunned by the ignorant establishment, whose greatest works are still suppressed; this is the Tesla adored by the alternative science community and the popular media... The other Tesla is the miserable failed inventor whose great plans and endless boasts came to nothing... Carlson manages the impressive feat of steering a middle course between these two."--David Hambling, Fortean TimesTable of ContentsList of Illustrations ix CHAPTER ONE An Ideal Childhood (1856-1878) 12 CHAPTER TWO Dreaming of Motors (1878-1882) 34 CHAPTER THREE Learning by Doing (1882-1886) 60 CHAPTER FOUR Mastering Alternating Current (1886-1888) 76 CHAPTER FIVE Selling the Motor (1888-1889) 100 CHAPTER SIX Searching for a New Ideal (1889-1891) 117 CHAPTER SEVEN A Veritable Magician (1891) 129 CHAPTER EIGHT Taking the Show to Europe (1891-1892) 143 CHAPTER NINE Pushing Alternating Current in America (1892-1893) 158 CHAPTER TEN Wireless Lighting and the Oscillator (1893-1894) 176 CHAPTER ELEVEN Efforts at Promotion (1894-1895) 193 CHAPTER TWELVE Looking for Alternatives (1895-1898) 214 CHAPTER THIRTEEN Stationary Waves (1899-1900) 262 CHAPTER FOURTEEN Wardenclyffe (1900-1901) 302 CHAPTER FIFTEEN The Dark Tower (1901-1905) 331 CHAPTER SIXTEEN Visionary to the End (1905-1943) 368 EPILOGUE 396 Note on Sources 415 Abbreviations and Sources 421 Notes 423 Acknowledgments 473 Index 477

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Book SynopsisCircuits overloaded from electric circuit analysis? Many universities require that students pursuing a degree in electrical or computer engineering take an Electric Circuit Analysis course to determine who will "make the cut" and continue in the degree program.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 About This Book 1 Conventions Used in This Book 1 What You’re Not to Read 2 Foolish Assumptions 2 How This Book is Organized 2 Part I: Getting Started with Circuit Analysis 2 Part II: Applying Analytical Methods for Complex Circuits 3 Part III: Understanding Circuits with Transistors and Operational Amplifiers 3 Part IV: Applying Time-Varying Signals to First- and Second-Order Circuits 3 Part V: Advanced Techniques and Applications in Circuit Analysis 3 Part VI: The Part of Tens 3 Icons Used in This Book 4 Where to Go from Here 4 Part I: Getting Started with Circuit Analysis 5 Chapter 1: Introducing Circuit Analysis 7 Getting Started with Current and Voltage 7 Going with the flow with current 8 Recognizing potential differences with voltage 9 Staying grounded with zero voltage 9 Getting some direction with the passive sign convention 10 Beginning with the Basic Laws 11 Surveying the Analytical Methods for More-Complex Circuits 11 Introducing Transistors and Operational Amplifiers 12 Dealing with Time-Varying Signals, Capacitors, and Inductors 13 Avoiding Calculus with Advanced Techniques 13 Chapter 2: Clarifying Basic Circuit Concepts and Diagrams 15 Looking at Current-Voltage Relationships 15 Absorbing energy with resistors 16 Applying Ohm’s law to resistors 16 Calculating the power dissipated by resistors 18 Offering no resistance: Batteries and short circuits 18 Batteries: Providing power independently 19 Short circuits: No voltage, no power 19 Facing infinite resistance: Ideal current sources and open circuits 20 All or nothing: Combining open and short circuits with ideal switches 20 Mapping It All Out with Schematics 21 Going in circles with loops 22 Getting straight to the point with nodes 24 Chapter 3: Exploring Simple Circuits with Kirchhoff’s Laws 25 Presenting Kirchhoff’s Famous Circuit Laws 25 Kirchhoff’s voltage law (KVL): Conservation of energy 26 Identifying voltage rises and drops 26 Forming a KVL equation 27 Kirchhoff’s current law (KCL): Conservation of charge 29 Tracking incoming and outgoing current 29 Calculating KCL 30 Tackling Circuits with KVL, KCL, and Ohm’s Law 31 Getting batteries and resistors to work together 31 Starting with voltage 32 Bringing in current 32 Combining device equations with KVL 33 Summarizing the results 34 Sharing the same current in series circuits 34 Climbing the ladder with parallel circuits 36 Describing total resistance using conductance 37 Using a shortcut for two resistors in parallel 38 Finding equivalent resistor combinations 38 Combining series and parallel resistors 40 Chapter 4: Simplifying Circuit Analysis with Source Transformation and Division Techniques 41 Equivalent Circuits: Preparing for the Transformation 42 Transforming Sources in Circuits 45 Converting to a parallel circuit with a current source 45 Changing to a series circuit with a voltage source 47 Divvying It Up with the Voltage Divider 49 Getting a voltage divider equation for a series circuit 49 Figuring out voltages for a series circuit with two or more resistors 51 Finding voltages when you have multiple current sources 52 Using the voltage divider technique repeatedly 55 Cutting to the Chase Using the Current Divider Technique 57 Getting a current divider equation for a parallel circuit 57 Figuring out currents for parallel circuits 59 Finding currents when you have multiple voltage sources 60 Using the current divider technique repeatedly 63 Part II: Applying Analytical Methods for Complex Circuits 65 Chapter 5: Giving the Nod to Node-Voltage Analysis 67 Getting Acquainted with Node Voltages and Reference Nodes 67 Testing the Waters with Node Voltage Analysis 69 What goes in must come out: Starting with KCL at the nodes 70 Describing device currents in terms of node voltages with Ohm’s law 70 Putting a system of node voltage equations in matrix form 72 Solving for unknown node voltages 73 Applying the NVA Technique 74 Solving for unknown node voltageswith a current source 74 Dealing with three or more node equations 76 Working with Voltage Sources in Node-Voltage Analysis 80 Chapter 6: Getting in the Loop on Mesh Current Equations 83 Windowpanes: Looking at Meshes and Mesh Currents 83 Relating Device Currents to Mesh Currents 84 Generating the Mesh Current Equations 86 Finding the KVL equations first 87 Ohm’s law: Putting device voltages in terms of mesh currents 87 Substituting the device voltages into the KVL equations 88 Putting mesh current equations into matrix form 89 Solving for unknown currents and voltages 89 Crunching Numbers: Using Meshes to Analyze Circuits 90 Tackling two-mesh circuits 90 Analyzing circuits with three or more meshes 92 Chapter 7: Solving One Problem at a Time Using Superposition 95 Discovering How Superposition Works 95 Making sense of proportionality 96 Applying superposition in circuits 98 Adding the contributions of each independent source 100 Getting Rid of the Sources of Frustration 101 Short circuit: Removing a voltage source 101 Open circuit: Taking out a current source 102 Analyzing Circuits with Two Independent Sources 103 Knowing what to do when the sources are two voltage sources 103 Proceeding when the sources are two current sources 105 Dealing with one voltage source and one current source 107 Solving a Circuit with Three Independent Sources 108 Chapter 8: Applying Thévenin’s and Norton’s Theorems 113 Showing What You Can Do with Thévenin’s and Norton’s Theorems 114 Finding the Norton and Thévenin Equivalents for Complex Source Circuits 115 Applying Thévenin’s theorem 117 Finding the Thévenin equivalent of a circuit with a single independent voltage source 117 Applying Norton’s theorem 119 Using source transformation to find Thévenin or Norton 122 A shortcut: Finding Thévenin or Norton equivalents with source transformation 122 Finding the Thévenin equivalent of a circuit with multiple independent sources 122 Finding Thévenin or Norton with superposition 124 Gauging Maximum Power Transfer: A Practical Application of Both Theorems 127 Part III: Understanding Circuits with Transistors and Operational Amplifiers 131 Chapter 9: Dependent Sources and the Transistors That Involve Them 133 Understanding Linear Dependent Sources: Who Controls What 134 Classifying the types of dependent sources 134 Recognizing the relationship between dependent and independent sources 136 Analyzing Circuits with Dependent Sources 136 Applying node-voltage analysis 137 Using source transformation 138 Using the Thévenin technique 140 Describing a JFET Transistor with a Dependent Source 142 Examining the Three Personalities of Bipolar Transistors 145 Making signals louder with the common emitter circuit 146 Amplifying signals with a common base circuit 149 Isolating circuits with the common collector circuit 151 Chapter 10: Letting Operational Amplifiers Do the Tough Math Fast 155 The Ins and Outs of Op-Amp Circuits 155 Discovering how to draw op amps 156 Looking at the ideal op amp and its transfer characteristics 157 Modeling an op amp with a dependent source 158 Examining the essential equations for analyzing ideal op-amp circuits 159 Looking at Op-Amp Circuits 160 Analyzing a noninverting op amp 160 Following the leader with the voltage follower 162 Turning things around with the inverting amplifier 163 Adding it all up with the summer 164 What’s the difference? Using the op-amp subtractor 166 Increasing the Complexity of What You Can Do with Op Amps 168 Analyzing the instrumentation amplifier 168 Implementing mathematical equations electronically 170 Creating systems with op amps 171 Part IV: Applying Time-Varying Signals to First- and Second-Order Circuits 173 Chapter 11: Making Waves with Funky Functions 175 Spiking It Up with the Lean, Mean Impulse Function 176 Changing the strength of the impulse 178 Delaying an impulse 178 Evaluating impulse functions with integrals 179 Stepping It Up with a Step Function 180 Creating a time-shifted, weighted step function 181 Being out of step with shifted step functions 182 Building a ramp function with a step function 182 Pushing the Limits with the Exponential Function 184 Seeing the Signs with Sinusoidal Functions 186 Giving wavy functions a phase shift 187 Expanding the function and finding Fourier coefficients 189 Connecting sinusoidal functions to exponentials with Euler’s formula 190 Chapter 12: Spicing Up Circuit Analysis with Capacitors and Inductors 193 Storing Electrical Energy with Capacitors 193 Describing a capacitor 194 Charging a capacitor (credit cards not accepted) 195 Relating the current and voltage of a capacitor 195 Finding the power and energy of a capacitor 196 Calculating the total capacitance for parallel and series capacitors 199 Finding the equivalent capacitance of parallel capacitors 199 Finding the equivalent capacitance of capacitors in series 200 Storing Magnetic Energy with Inductors 200 Describing an inductor 201 Finding the energy storage of an attractive inductor 202 Calculating total inductance for series and parallel inductors 203 Finding the equivalent inductance for inductors in series 203 Finding the equivalent inductance for inductors in parallel 204 Calculus: Putting a Cap on Op-Amp Circuits 205 Creating an op-amp integrator 205 Deriving an op-amp differentiator 207 Using Op Amps to Solve Differential Equations Really Fast 208 Chapter 13: Tackling First-Order Circuits 211 Solving First-Order Circuits with Diff EQ 211 Guessing at the solution with the natural exponential function 213 Using the characteristic equation for a first-order equation 214 Analyzing a Series Circuit with a Single Resistor and Capacitor 215 Starting with the simple RC series circuit 215 Finding the zero-input response 217 Finding the zero-state response by focusing on the input source 219 Adding the zero-input and zero-state responses to find the total response 222 Analyzing a Parallel Circuit with a Single Resistor and Inductor 224 Starting with the simple RL parallel circuit 225 Calculating the zero-input response for an RL parallel circuit 226 Calculating the zero-state response for an RL parallel circuit 228 Adding the zero-input and zero-state responses to find the total response 230 Chapter 14: Analyzing Second-Order Circuits 233 Examining Second-Order Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients 233 Guessing at the elementary solutions: The natural exponential function 235 From calculus to algebra: Using the characteristic equation 236 Analyzing an RLC Series Circuit 236 Setting up a typical RLC series circuit 237 Determining the zero-input response 239 Calculating the zero-state response 242 Finishing up with the total response 245 Analyzing an RLC Parallel Circuit Using Duality 246 Setting up a typical RLC parallel circuit 247 Finding the zero-input response 249 Arriving at the zero-state response 250 Getting the total response 251 Part V: Advanced Techniques and Applications in Circuit Analysis 253 Chapter 15: Phasing in Phasors for Wave Functions 255 Taking a More Imaginative Turn with Phasors 256 Finding phasor forms 256 Examining the properties of phasors 258 Using Impedance to Expand Ohm’s Law to Capacitors and Inductors 259 Understanding impedance 260 Looking at phasor diagrams 261 Putting Ohm’s law for capacitors in phasor form 262 Putting Ohm’s law for inductors in phasor form 263 Tackling Circuits with Phasors 263 Using divider techniques in phasor form 264 Adding phasor outputs with superposition 266 Simplifying phasor analysis with Thévenin and Norton 268 Getting the nod for nodal analysis 270 Using mesh-current analysis with phasors 271 Chapter 16: Predicting Circuit Behavior with Laplace Transform Techniques 273 Getting Acquainted with the Laplace Transform and Key Transform Pairs 273 Getting Your Time Back with the Inverse Laplace Transform 276 Rewriting the transform with partial fraction expansion 276 Expanding Laplace transforms with complex poles 278 Dealing with transforms with multiple poles 280 Understanding Poles and Zeros of F(s) 282 Predicting the Circuit Response with Laplace Methods 285 Working out a first-order RC circuit 286 Working out a first-order RL circuit 290 Working out an RLC circuit 292 Chapter 17: Implementing Laplace Techniques for Circuit Analysis 295 Starting Easy with Basic Constraints 296 Connection constraints in the s-domain 296 Device constraints in the s-domain 297 Independent and dependent sources 297 Passive elements: Resistors, capacitors, and inductors 297 Op-amp devices 299 Impedance and admittance 299 Seeing How Basic Circuit Analysis Works in the s-Domain 300 Applying voltage division with series circuits 300 Turning to current division for parallel circuits 302 Conducting Complex Circuit Analysis in the s-Domain 303 Using node-voltage analysis 303 Using mesh-current analysis 304 Using superposition and proportionality 305 Using the Thévenin and Norton equivalents 309 Chapter 18: Focusing on the Frequency Responses 313 Describing the Frequency Response and Classy Filters 314 Low-pass filter 315 High-pass filter 316 Band-pass filters 316 Band-reject filters 317 Plotting Something: Showing Frequency Response à la Bode 318 Looking at a basic Bode plot 319 Poles, zeros, and scale factors: Picturing Bode plots from transfer functions 320 Turning the Corner: Making Low-Pass and High-Pass Filters with RC Circuits 325 First-order RC low-pass filter (LPF) 325 First-order RC high-pass filter (HPF) 326 Creating Band-Pass and Band-Reject Filters with RLC or RC Circuits 327 Getting serious with RLC series circuits 327 RLC series band-pass filter (BPF) 327 RLC series band-reject filter (BRF) 330 Climbing the ladder with RLC parallel circuits 330 RC only: Getting a pass with a band-pass and band-reject filter 332 Part VI: The Part of Tens 335 Chapter 19: Ten Practical Applications for Circuits 337 Potentiometers 337 Homemade Capacitors: Leyden Jars 338 Digital-to-Analog Conversion Using Op Amps 338 Two-Speaker Systems 338 Interface Techniques Using Resistors 338 Interface Techniques Using Op Amps 339 The Wheatstone Bridge 339 Accelerometers 339 Electronic Stud Finders 340 555 Timer Circuits 340 Chapter 20: Ten Technologies Affecting Circuits 341 Smartphone Touchscreens 341 Nanotechnology 341 Carbon Nanotubes 342 Microelectromechanical Systems 342 Supercapacitors 343 The Memristor 343 Superconducting Digital Electronics 343 Wide Bandgap Semiconductors 343 Flexible Electronics 344 Microelectronic Chips that Pair Up with Biological Cells 344 Index 345

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Book SynopsisEver wanted to know how things work, especially electronic devices? Electronics in easy steps tells you all about the building blocks that make up electronic circuits and the components that make an electronic device tick. It explains electronics in an easy to understand way and then takes you through some simple but useful circuits that you can build for yourself. Areas covered include:the basic fundamentals of electricitygetting started in electronicselectronic theory explainedresistors and capacitors what they dotransistors how they workcrystals and coilsbasic electronic building blockssimple circuits described and explainedhow a radio worksdesigning simple circuitscircuit design softwaremaking printed circuit boardsbuilding electronic circuitssoldering techniquestest equipmentcircuit testing and fault findingElectronics in easy steps is ideal for anyone who has always wanted to know how electricity works and what electronic components do from simple theory through to actually building, testing and troubleshooting useful and interesting circuits. Suitable for: StudentsDIY and Electronics enthusiastsHobbyistsRadio HobbyistsShort Wave Listeners and Radio Amateur Foundation Exam studentsMembers of the Cadets, Scouts, etc. and anyone with an inquisitive mind who wants to know how electricity and electronics works!

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. Introducing High-Resolution NMR 3. Practical Aspects of High-Resolution NMR 4. One-Dimensional Techniques 5. Introducing Two-Dimensional and Pulsed Field Gradient NMR 6. Correlations Through the Chemical Bond I: Homonuclear Shift Correlation 7. Correlations Through the Chemical Bond II: Heteronuclear Shift Correlation 8. Separating Shifts and Couplings: J-Resolved and Pure Shift Spectroscopy 9. Correlations Through Space: The Nuclear Overhauser Effect 10. Diffusion NMR Spectroscopy 11. Protein–Ligand Screening by NMR 12. Experimental Methods 13. Structure Elucidation and Spectrum Assignment

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"This is a very complete Machine Learning book, as it covers statistical learning theory, both from frequentist and Bayesian perspectives. It also encompasses signal processing, probabilistic graphical models, deep learning, and latent variable modeling. It balances mathematical rigor with insightful comments to ease clear interpretation. The many examples make the text even more comprehensive. Each chapter has a well-curated list of references for further deepening on specific topics. Thus, it provides a thorough background for Machine Learning at an upper undergraduate level course. This book is also an excellent reference for practitioners to understand the necessary theory to apply Machine Learning with informed criteria." --Hamed Yazdanpanah, Postdoctoral Researcher, University of São Paulo Reviews of the previous edition: "Overall, this text is well organized and full of details suitable for advanced graduate and postgraduate courses, as well as scholars..." --Computing Reviews "Machine Learning: A Bayesian and Optimization Perspective, Academic Press, 2105, by Sergios Theodoridis is a wonderful book, up to date and rich in detail. It covers a broad selection of topics ranging from classical regression and classification techniques to more recent ones including sparse modeling, convex optimization, Bayesian learning, graphical models and neural networks, giving it a very modern feel and making it highly relevant in the deep learning era. While other widely used machine learning textbooks tend to sacrifice clarity for elegance, Professor Theodoridis provides you with enough detail and insights to understand the "fine print". This makes the book indispensable for the active machine learner." --Prof. Lars Kai Hansen, DTU Compute - Dept. Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of Denmark "Before the publication of Machine Learning: A Bayesian and Optimization Perspective, I had the opportunity to review one of the chapters in the book (on Monte Carlo methods). I have published actively in this area, and so I was curious how S. Theodoridis would write about it. I was utterly impressed. The chapter presented the material with an optimal mix of theoretical and practical contents in very clear manner and with information for a wide range of readers, from newcomers to more advanced readers. This raised my curiosity to read the rest of the book once it was published. I did it and my original impressions were further reinforced. S. Theodoridis has a great capability to disentangle the important from the unimportant and to make the most of the used space for writing. His text is rich with insights about the addressed topics that are not only helpful for novices but also for seasoned researchers. It goes without saying that my department adopted his book as a textbook in the course on machine learning." --Petar M. Djuric, Ph.D. SUNY Distinguished Professor Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA "As someone who has taught graduate courses in pattern recognition for over 35 years, I have always looked for a rigorous book that is current and appealing to students with widely varying backgrounds. The book on Machine Learning by Sergios Theodoridis has struck the perfect balance in explaining the key (traditional and new) concepts in machine learning in a way that can be appreciated by undergraduate and graduate students as well as practicing engineers and scientists. The chapters have been written in a self-consistent way, which will help instructors to assemble different sections of the book to suit the background of students" --Rama Cellappa, Distinguished University Professor, Minta Martin Professor of Engineering, Chair, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, USATable of Contents1. Introduction 2. Probability and stochastic Processes 3. Learning in parametric Modeling: Basic Concepts and Directions 4. Mean-Square Error Linear Estimation 5. Stochastic Gradient Descent: the LMS Algorithm and its Family 6. The Least-Squares Family 7. Classification: A Tour of the Classics 8. Parameter Learning: A Convex Analytic Path 9. Sparsity-Aware Learning: Concepts and Theoretical Foundations 10. Sparsity-Aware Learning: Algorithms and Applications 11. Learning in Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces 12. Bayesian Learning: Inference and the EM Algorithm 13. Bayesian Learning: Approximate Inference and nonparametric Models 14. Montel Carlo Methods 15. Probabilistic Graphical Models: Part 1 16. Probabilistic Graphical Models: Part 2 17. Particle Filtering 18. Neural Networks and Deep Learning 19. Dimensionality Reduction and Latent Variables Modeling

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsPreface Acknowledgments Chapter 1: From Tomahawks to Telescopes Chapter 2: Rising Stars Chapter 3: The Rocketeers Chapter 4: Foreign Intelligence Across the Rhine Chapter 5: Lights in the Night Sky Chapter 6: Genius Blooms Chapter 7: The People's Observatory Chapter 8: Opportunity Knocks - Doors Open Wide Chapter 9: Inventing Modern Optical Sciences Chapter 10: Power for the People Donald E. Osborn Chapter 11: A View to National Security Chapter 12: In Space at Last Chapter 13: Slowly Fades the Supernova Appendix 1: List of Acronyms and Abbreviations Appendix 2: Literature by Aden and Marjorie Meinel Appendix 3: Select publications of Edison Pettit, Hannah Steele Pettit, and Helen Pettit Knaflich References Index

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Book SynopsisThis textbook provides the first comprehensive overview of synchrotron physics at an introductory level, covering the fundamental underpinning physics, and combining rigorous treatment of the main concepts with a fresh outlook, rich in images and graphics.Aimed at students and practitioners alike, this book describes all topics in a way that requires only undergraduate knowledge in physics and mathematics, and, with only a few exceptions, all results are derived from first principles. The book also emphasizes the relevance of the synchrotron-light concept throughout the broader fabric of physics, covering areas such special relativity, classical electrodynamics, quantum theory, astrophysics, optical physics, classical mechanics, and computational physics.As well as basic concepts related to the generation of synchrotron light by charged particles in accelerators and their special relativity and classical electrodynamics underpinning, this textbook also covers quantum mechanical and quantum optics descriptions of synchrotron light emission, the key role played by synchrotron light emission in the cosmos, and the generalisation of the concept of synchrotron emission to interactions other than the electromagnetic interaction.Taking the reader on a journey across the landscape of physics, this book aims to unite a number of often-disconnected communities of learners and practitioners through the connecting thread of synchrotron light.

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Book SynopsisAimed primarily at experimental chemists, physicists, electronic engineers and material scientists interested in particulate and granular magnetic materials, this textbook is the culmination of over 40 years'' research into the subject.The text is divided into two parts. Part One covers the basic physics of magnetism from a relatively low level, including an explanation of some of the unusual terminology in magnetism such as the idea of poles and flux, whose origins are little understood. The complexity of the unit systems in magnetism are also presented. Thereafter a brief review of the principles of domain theory is presented and thermal activation effects and their correct measurement are discussed in some detail. The topic of exchange bias, where an antiferromagnetic material is grown in intimate contact with a ferromagnet, is presented in significant detail reviewing old theories and numerical models but then focusing on what has become known as the York Model of Exchange Bias whiTrade ReviewBoth a topical and established subject that is fundamental to the fabrication and development of a wide range of existing and emerging engineering devices. * David Cardwell, University of Cambridge *A high quality text for the physics and many technological applications of magnetism. * E. Dan Dahlberg, University of Minnesota *Table of ContentsPART I - BASIC CONCEPTS 1: Concepts, Terminology and Units 2: Magnetic Domains 3: Thermal Activation Effects 4: Exchange Bias 5: Magneto-Resistance PART II - APPLICATIONS OF MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES AND GRANULAR THIN FILMS 6: Ferrofluids 7: Magnetic Recording 8: Magnetic Random Access Memory (MRAM) 9: Outlook for Future Developments Appendix A - Demagnetising Factors for a Prolate and Oblate Spheroids Free

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Book SynopsisFrom the reviews: "… The notes and problems at the end of each chapter are very helpful. […] In the final analysis, the book is definitely worth owning. […] It is an extremely well written – but unusual – book that I highly recommend for all physicists." The Physics TeacherTrade ReviewFrom the reviews:"… The notes and problems at the end of each chapter are very helpful. There are many quotable passages … In the final analysis, the book is definitely worth owning … It is an extremely well written – but unusual – book that I highly recommend for all physicists." The Physics Teacher FROM THE REVIEWS:ELECTRONIC DESIGN NEWS"Even though this 296-page textbook targets sophomore EE students, it has a place in the libraries of experienced Electrical Engineers. It does a good job not only of teaching the underlying theory of radio, but also of entertaining readers.”CHOICE MAGAZINE”Intended as a companion for students familiar with college physics and calculus and studying electrical engineering using AM radio theory, Nahin’s work takes a unique teaching approach. The 21 chapters are divided into four sections, sprinkled with humorous cartoons to pique reader interest…The work contains many fascinating ideas…Upper-division undergraduate; faculty; professional.”THE PHYSICS TEACHER"The book is unorthodox in many ways, from its presentation of the sophisticated mathematics of radio within the general chronology of the discovery and advance of radio art and technology to the inclusion of problems at the end of the appendices (I’m not certain I’ve ever seen that before!)…He never talks down to the reader (an elegant vocabulary is used) and seldom will a reader be bored. The notes and problems at the end of each chapter are very helpful. There are many quotable passages…In the final analysis, the book is definitely worth owning…It is an extremely well written – but unusual – book that I highly recommend for all physicists.”Table of ContentsWhat's new in the second edition. A Note to Professors. Prologue. 1. Solution to an Old Problem. 2. Pre-Radio History of Radio Waves. 3. Antenna as Launchers and Interceptors of Electromagnetic Waves. 4. Early Radio. 5. Receiving Spark Transmitter Signals. 6. Mathematics of AM Sidebands. 7. First Continuous Waves and Heterodyne Concept. 8. Birth of Electronics. 9. Fourier Series and Their Physical Meaning. 10. Convergence in Energy of the Fourier Series. 11. Radio Spectrum of a Spark-Gap Transmitter. 12. Fourier Integral Theorem, and the Continuous Spectrum of a Non-Periodic Time Signal. 13. Physical Meaning of the Fourier Transform. 14. Impulse 'Functions in Time and Frequency. 15. Convolution Theorem, Frequency Shifts, and Causal Time Signals. 16. Multiplying by Squaring and Filtering. 17. Squaring and Multiplying with Matched Nonlinearities. 18. Multiplying by 'Sampling and Filtering'. 19 Synchronous Demodulation and Its Problems. 20. Analytic Signals and Single-Sideband Radio. 21 Denoument. Epilogue. Technical Appendices: Complex Exponentials. Linear Time-Invariant Systems. Two-Terminal Components, Kirchoff's Circuit Laws, etc. Thevenin's and Norton's Theorems. Resonance in Electrical Circuits. Differential and Operational Amplifiers. Order of Integration and Differentiating an Integral. Fourier Theorem. Hilbert Integral Transform. Table of Fourier Transforms. Last Words. Indexes

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Book SynopsisThe Manchester Physics Series General Editors: D.J. Sandiford; F. Mandl; A.C. Phillips Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester Properties of Matter B.H. Flowers and E. Mendoza Optics Second Edition F.G. Smith and J.H. Thomson Statistical Physics Second Edition F. Mandl Electromagnetism Second Edition I.S. Grant and W.R.Table of Contents1 Force and Energy in Electrostatics 1.1 Electric Charge 2 1.2 The Electric Field 6 1.3 Electric Fields in Matter 10 1.3.1 The Atomic Charge Density 10 1.3 2 The Atomic Electric Field 11 1.3.3 The Macroscopic Electric Field 13 1.4 Gauss’ Law 16 1.4.1 The Flux of a Vector Field 17 1.4.2 The Flux of the Electric Field out of a Closed Surface 19 1.4.3 The Divergence of a Vector Field 24 1.4.4 The Differential Form of Gauss’ Law 26 1.5 Electrostatic Energy 28 1.5.1 The Electrostatic Potential 28 1.5.2 The Electric Field as the Gradient of the Potential 31 1.5.3 The Dipole Potential 35 1.5.4 Energy Changes Associated with the Atomic Field 38 1.5.5 Capacitors, and Energy in Macroscopic Fields 40 1.5.6 Energy Stored by a Number of Charged Conductors 44 Problems 1 46 2 Dielectrics 2.1 Polarization 49 2.2 Relative Permittivity and Electric Susceptibility 55 2.2.1 The Local Field 59 2.2.2 Polar Molecules 60 2.2.3 Non-polar Liquids 67 2.3 Macroscopic Fields in Dielectrics 70 2.3.1 The Volume Density of Polarization Charge 71 2.3.2 The Electric Displacement Vector 73 2.3.3 Boundary Conditions for D and E 76 2.4 Energy in the Presence of Dielectrics 79 2.4.1 Some Further Remarks about Energy and Forces 80 Problems 2 82 3 Electrostatic Field Calculations 3.1 Poisson’s Equation and Laplace’s Equation 85 3.1.1 The Uniqueness Theorem 88 3.1.2 Electric Fields in the Presence of Free Charge 89 3.2 Boundaries Between Different Regions 91 3.3 Boundary Conditions and Field Patterns 93 3.3.1 Electrostatic Images 93 3.3.2 Spheres and Spherical Cavities in Uniform External Field 97 3.4 Electrostatic Lenses 100 3.5 Numerical Solutions of Poisson’s Equation 103 3.6 Summary of Electrostatics 107 Problems 3 109 4 Steady Currents and Magnetic Fields 4.1 Electromotive Force and Conduction 112 4.1.1 Current and Resistance 112 4.1.2 The Calculation of Resistance 116 4.2 The Magnetic Field 119 4.2.1 The Lorentz Force 119 4.2.2 Magnetic Field Lines 123 4.3 The Magnetic Dipole 127 4.3.1 Current Loops in External Fields 127 4.3.2 Magnetic Dipoles and Magnetic Fields 130 4.4 Ampere’s Law 132 4.4.1 The Field of a Large Current Loop 132 4.4.2 The Biot-Savart Law 137 4.4.3 Examples of the Calculation of Magnetic Fields 139 4.5 The Differential Form of Ampere’s Law 144 4.5.1 The Operator Curl 144 4.5.2 The Vector Curl B 148 4.5.3 The Magnetic Vector Potential 148 4.6 Forces and Torques on Coils 150 4.6.1 Magnetic Flux 151 4.7 The Motion of Charged Particles in Electric and Magnetic Fields 154 4.7.1 The Motion of a Charged Particle in a Uniform Magnetic Field 155 4.7.2 Magnetic Mirrors and Plasmas 157 4.7.3 Magnetic Quadrupole Lenses 159 Problems 4 163 5 Magnetic Materials 5.1 Magnetization 166 5.1.1 Diamagnetism 169 5.1.2 Paramagnetism 173 5.1.3 Ferromagnetism 175 5.2 The Macroscopic Magnetic Field Inside Media 176 5 2.1 The Surface Currents on a Uniformly Magnetized Body 178 5.2.2 The Distributed Currents Within a Magnetized Body 179 5.2.3 Magnetic Susceptibility and Atomic Structure 183 5.3 The Field Vector H 186 5.3.1 Ampere’s Law for the Field H 186 5.3.2 The Boundary Conditions on the Field B and H 191 5.4 Magnets 194 5.4.1 Electromagnets 194 5.4.2 Permanent Magnets 204 5.5 Summary of Magnetostatics 208 Problems 5 209 6 Electromagnetic Induction and Magnetic Energy 6.1 Electromagnetic Induction 212 6.1.1 Motional Electromotive Force 214 6.1.2 Faraday’s Law 218 6.1.3 Examples of Induction 221 6.1.4 The Differential Form of Faraday’s Law 228 6.2 Self-inductance and Mutual Inductance 230 6.2.1 Self-inductance 230 6.2.2 Mutual Inductance 232 6.3 Energy and Forces in Magnetic Fields 234 6.3.1 The Magnetic Energy Stored in an Inductor 234 6.3.2 The Total Magnetic Energy of a System of Currents 235 6.3.3 The Potential Energy of a Coil in a field and the Force on the Coil 237 6.3.4 The Total Magnetic Energy in Terms of the Fields B and H 239 6.3.5 Non-linear Media 241 6.3.6 Further Comments on Energy in Magnetic Fields 243 6.4. The Measurement of Magnetic Fields and Susceptibilities 246 6.4.1 The Measurement of Magnetic fields 246 6.4.2 The Measurement of Magnetic Susceptibilities 248 Problems 6 250 7 Alternating Currents and Transients 7.1 Alternating Current Generators 253 7.2 Amplitude, Phase and Period 256 7.3 Resistance, Capacitance and Inductance in A.C. Circuits 257 7.4 The Phasor Diagram and Complex Impedance 260 7.5 Power in A.C. Circuits 266 7.6 Resonance 268 7.7 Transients 274 Problems 7 280 8 Linear Circuits 8.1 Networks 282 8.1.1 Kirchhoff’s Rules 283 8.1.2 Loop Analysis, Node Analysis and Superposition 286 8.1.3 A.C. Networks 288 8.2 Audio-frequency Bridges 291 8.3 Impedance and Admittance 293 8.3.1 Input Impedance 296 8.3.2 Output Impedance and Thévenin’s Theorem 297 8.4 Fitters 299 8.4.1 Ladder Networks 301 8.4.2 Higher Order Filters and Delay Lines 303 8.5 Transformers 307 8.5.1 The Ideal Transformer 308 8.5.2 Applications of Transformers 311 8.5.3 Real Transformers 312 Problems 8 318 9 Transmission Lines 9.1 Propagation of Signals in a Lossless Transmission Line 324 9.2 Practical Types of Transmission Line 329 9.2.1 The Parallel Wire Transmission Line 339 9.2.2 The Coaxial Cable 331 9.2.3 Parallel Strip Lines 333 9.3 Reflections 335 9.4 The Input Impedance of a Mismatched Line 338 9.5 Lossy Lines 342 Problems 9 345 10 Maxwell’s Equations 10.1 The Equation of Continuity 348 10.2 Displacement Current 350 10.3 Maxwell’s Equations 356 10.4 Electromagnetic Radiation 359 10.5 The Microscopic Field Equations 360 Problems 10 362 11 Electromagnetic Waves 11.1 Electromagnetic Waves in Free Space 365 11.2 Plane Waves and Polarization 368 11.2.1 Plane Waves in Free Space 373 11.2.2 Plane Waves in Isotropic Insulating Media 375 11.3 Dispersion 379 11.4 Energy in Electromagnetic Waves 383 11.5 The Absorption of Plane Waves in Conductors and the Skin Effect 388 11.6 The Reflection and Transmission of Electromagnetic Waves 391 11.6.1 Boundary Conditions on Electric and Magnetic Fields 392 11.6.2 Reflection at Dielectric Boundaries 396 11.6.3 Reflection at Metallic Boundaries 399 11.6.4 Polarization by Reflection 401 11.7 Electromagnetic Waves and Photons 404 Problems 11 406 12 Waveguides 12.1 The Propagation of Waves Between Conducting Plates 409 12.2 Rectangular Waveguides 415 12.2.1 The TE01 Mode 420 12.2 2 Further Comments on Waveguides 423 12.3 Cavities 426 Problems 12 430 13 The Generation of Electromagnetic Waves 13.1 The Retarded Potentials 433 13.2 The Hertzian Dipole 436 13.3 Antennas 443 Problems 13 450 14 Electromagnetism and Special Relativity 14.1 Introductory Remarks 451 14.2 The Lorentz Transformation 452 14.3 Charges and Field, as seen by Different Observers 455 14.4 Four-vectors 458 14.5 Maxwell’s Equations in Four-vector Form 461 14.6 Transformation of the Fields 464 14.7 Magnetism as a Relativistic Phenomenon 469 14.8 Retarded Potentials from the Relativistic Standpoint 4 73 Problems 14 476 Appendix A Units A.1 Electrical Units and Standards 477 A.1.1 The Definition of the Ampere 477 A.1.2 Calibration and Comparison of Electrical Standards 479 A.2 Gaussian Units 482 A.3 Conversion between SI and Gaussian Units 485 Appendix B Fields and Differential Operators B.1 The Operators div, grad and curl 487 B.2 Formulae in Different Coordinate Systems 489 B.3 Identities 493 Appendix C the Derivation of the Biot–Savart Law Solution to Problems 497 Further Reading 518 Index 519

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisMany times through deep history Earth’s magnetic poles have switched places, leaving our planet’s protective shield weaker and life vulnerable to devastating solar storms. The last time it happened was 780,000 years ago, long before humans emerged, but it won’t be long until it happens again. And when it does, will it send us back to the Stone Age? The Spinning Magnet is a fascinating insight into what may lie ahead. From the pivotal discoveries of Victorian scientists to the possibility of solar radiation wiping out power grids, and the secrets of electromagnetism, Alanna Mitchell reveals the truth behind one of the most powerful forces in the universe.Trade Review‘Stokes the reader’s curiosity about one of the most critical but invisible forces in the universe.’ * BBC Sky at Night *‘Mitchell’s portrait gallery is researched with a depth and breadth that make its protagonists’ triumphs and failures compelling. She also gives entertaining accounts of today’s working geoscientists… Her interviews provide insights into their thoughts and actions that transcend the stereotypes of inscrutable nerd or heroic explorer.’ * Nature *‘The Earth’s magnetic field…tends to be taken for granted. In reality it’s a fickle, ill-understood phenomenon. Alanna Mitchell delves into the mystery, in an engrossing book that features a new surprise on every page.’ -- Sean Carroll, author of The Big Picture‘A fascinating untold story of science that is full of mystery and intrigue, and written with a great deal of style.’ -- Mark Miodownik, New York Times bestselling author of Stuff Matters, winner of the Royal Society Winton Prize‘A compelling yarn describing our historical efforts to understand the force that created the world, and as the subtitle warns, could bring about its end…Destined to become a classic of popular science.’ * E&T Magazine *‘Captivating scientific history…an invaluable contribution to the popular science shelf.’ * Booklist *‘A compelling tale of unseen and unforeseen natural forces – and a reminder that we’ve staked our home on a planet that remains infinitely strange, dangerous – and ever full of wonder.’ -- Deborah Blum, author of The Poisoner’s Handbook‘In The Spinning Magnet, Alanna Mitchell pulls off the rare trifecta in science writing: an engrossing plot of a planetary mystery, authentic character portraits of scientists and their passion for their work, and explanations of complex physics in easily understandable terms.’ -- Sabine Stanley, Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Applied Physics Lab, Johns Hopkins University‘Mitchell draws us into a spellbinding scientific detective story, told over the ages, as she nimbly explains magnetism’s role in everything that matters. Each chapter is filled with exciting new revelations written in clear crisp prose. A skilled writer, Mitchell puts magnetism on the map!’ -- Timothy J. Jorgensen, author of Strange Glow: The Story of Radiation, winner of the American Institute of Physics’ Science Communication Award

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Book SynopsisThis fascinating series brings some tricky science topics right down to the basics, setting curious kids up for a lifetime of learning about the forces at work all around us.

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Book SynopsisLook around you science is everywhere! Have you ever wondered how magnets work or how electricity is made? Use this exciting series to find the answers to your big questions about science in the world.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a comprehensive introduction to the physics of the photovoltaic cell. It is suitable for undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers new to the field. It covers: basic physics of semiconductors in photovoltaic devices; physical models of solar cell operation; characteristics and design of common types of solar cell; and approaches to increasing solar cell efficiency. The text explains the terms and concepts of solar cell device physics and shows the reader how to formulate and solve relevant physical problems. Exercises and worked solutions are included.Trade Review"This book is clear and concise, gives adequate references and exercises, it summarizes the symbols and displays clear, legible, and informative illustrations. Nelson's obvious experience in lecturing on solar cells has made this book a most useful and recommendable reading." Hans J Queisser Max-Planck-Institute of Solid-State Research Stuttgart, Germany "Photovoltaics will play an increasingly important role in a future low-carbon energy economy. Jenny Nelson has provided a splendidly clear, concise and readable account of the basic semiconductor physics of the solar cell, complete with student exercises and solutions. In the two fascinating final chapters, she takes her readers 'beyond the limit' of performance of the present-day crystalline silicon cell, describing advanced design concepts that could provide greatly improved efficiency. Warmly recommended to all who want to know how this beautiful technology really works." Mary Archer Cambridge University "This handy little book offers a pretty comprehensive introduction to the basic physics of the PV cell." Photovoltaic Bulletin "This book is more encyclopedic, with clear figures and broad scope. It does a good job of clarifying the fundamental issues and is a less advanced text. It is, therefore, probably more approachable and more useful to the general reader." Physics TodayTable of ContentsPhotons In, Electrons Out: Basic Principles of PV; Electrons and Holes in Semiconductors; Generation and Recombination; Junctions; Analysis of the p-n Junction; Monocrystalline Solar Cells; Thin Film Solar Cells; Managing Light; Over the Limit: Strategies for Higher Efficiency.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1. Introduction: The Magic of the Magnet.- Chapter 2. The Stone with a Soul: Stones that Attract.- Chapter 3. The Finger of God: Two Treaties on Magnetism.- Chapter 4. A Very Feeble Effect: Magnets and Electricity.- Chapter 5. “Acting Where It Is Not”: Magnetism and Action at a Distance.- Chapter 6. The Secrets of Matter: Like Flies in a Cathedral.- Chapter 7. Magnets Large and Small.- Chapter 8. Magnetism in Medicine: Magnets That Cure.- Chapter 9. Magnets that Remember: A Pile Higher than the Earth-Moon Distance.

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Book SynopsisLorentz Force and Maxwell’s Equations.-  Stationary Electric Charges and the Distribution of Electricity on Conductors.- Boundary Value problems in Electrostatics.- Magnetostatics in Vacuum.- Electromagnetic Processes in Matter.- Electrostatics in Matter.- Magnetostatics in Matter.- Fields of Moving Charges.- Quasi-Stationary Currents.- Electromagnetic Waves.- X-Ray Scattering.- Special Theory of Relativity.- Covariant Electrodynamics.- Relativistic Mechanics.- Vectors, Vector Analysis and Integral Theorems.- Mathematical Tools.- Systems of Units in Electrodynamics.- Compilation of Formulas for Electrodynamics.

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Book SynopsisWaves are essential phenomena in most scientific and engineering disciplines, such as electromagnetism and optics, and different mechanics including fluid, solid, structural, quantum, etc. They appear in linear and nonlinear systems. Some can be observed directly and others are not. The features of the waves are usually described by solutions to either linear or nonlinear partial differential equations, which are fundamental to the students and researchers.Generic equations, describing wave and pulse propagation in linear and nonlinear systems, are introduced and analyzed as initial/boundary value problems. These systems cover the general properties of non-dispersive and dispersive, uniform and non-uniform, with/without dissipations. Methods of analyses are introduced and illustrated with analytical solutions. Wave-wave and wave-particle interactions ascribed to the nonlinearity of media (such as plasma) are discussed in the final chapter.This interdisciplinary textbook is essential reading for anyone in above mentioned disciplines. It was prepared to provide students with an understanding of waves and methods of solving wave propagation problems. The presentation is self-contained and should be read without difficulty by those who have adequate preparation in classic mechanics. The selection of topics and the focus given to each provide essential materials for a lecturer to cover the bases in a linear/nonlinear wave course.

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Book SynopsisWritten by a former Olympiad student, Wang Jinhui, and a Physics Olympiad national trainer, Bernard Ricardo, Competitive Physics delves into the art of solving challenging physics puzzles. This book not only expounds a multitude of physics topics from the basics but also illustrates how these theories can be applied to problems, often in an elegant fashion. With worked examples that depict various problem-solving sleights of hand and interesting exercises to enhance the mastery of such techniques, readers will hopefully be able to develop their own insights and be better prepared for physics competitions. Ultimately, problem-solving is a craft that requires much intuition. Yet this intuition, perhaps, can only be honed by trudging through an arduous but fulfilling journey of enigmas.This is the second part of a two-volume series and will mainly analyze thermodynamics, electromagnetism and special relativity. A brief overview of geometrical optics is also included.

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Book Synopsis'[This] crisply succinct, beautifully synthesized study brings to life Tesla, his achievements and failures...and the hopeful thrum of an era before world wars.' - NatureNikola Tesla is one of the most enigmatic, curious and controversial figures in the history of science. An electrical pioneer as influential in his own way as Thomas Edison, he embodied the aspirations and paradoxes of an age of innovation that seemed to have the future firmly in its grasp. In an era that saw the spread of power networks and wireless telegraphy, the discovery of X-rays, and the birth of powered flight, Tesla made himself synonymous with the electrical future under construction but opinion was often divided as to whether he was a visionary, a charlatan, or a fool. Iwan Rhys Morus examines Tesla's life in the context of the extraordinary times in which he lived and worked, colourfully evoking an age in which anything seemed possible, from capturing the full energy of Niagara to communicating with Mars.Shattering the myth of the 'man out of time', Morus demonstrates that Tesla was in all ways a product of his era, and shows how the popular image of the inventor-as-maverick-outsider was deliberately crafted by Tesla - establishing an archetype that still resonates today.Trade ReviewSuperb * Nick Smith, Engineering and Technology magazine *[This] crisply succinct, beautifully synthesized study brings to life Tesla, his achievements and failures...and the hopeful thrum of an era before world wars. -- NatureThere have been other Tesla biographies, but this is the one I have been waiting for ... Tesla, he shows us, was - like his one-time boss and rival Thomas Edison - inventing nothing less than the electrified future. -- Philip Ball, author of Invisible: The Dangerous Allure of the UnseenClear and engaging ... a pleasure to read * Physics Today *

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Book SynopsisAn understanding of the quantum mechanical nature of magnetism has led to the development of new magnetic materials which are used as permanent magnets, sensors, and information storage. Behind these practical applications lie a range of fundamental ideas, including symmetry breaking, order parameters, excitations, frustration, and reduced dimensionality.This superb new textbook presents a logical account of these ideas, staring from basic concepts in electromagnetsim and quantum mechanics. It outlines the origin of magnetic moments in atoms and how these moments can be affected by their local environment inside a crystal. The different types of interactions which can be present between magnetic moments are described. The final chapters of the book are devoted to the magnetic properties of metals, and to the complex behaviour which can occur when competing magnetic interactions are present and/or the system has a reduced dimensionality. Throughout the text, the theorectical principles are applied to real systems. There is substantial discussion of experimental techniques and current reserach topics. The book is copiously illustrated and contains detailed appendices which cover the fundamental principles.Trade ReviewI can warmly recommend this book to anyone considering giving a course on magnetism and for those students of condensed matter physics, who have no access to such a course ... it is also very useful and enjoyable reading for those who have been working in magnetism for some time and have felt the lack of a systematic review of the subject. * Contemporary Physics *... the reader or student obtains a very thorough and systematic background in which to place the large variety of subject matter. * Contemporary Physics *Table of Contents1. Introduction ; 2. Isolated magnetic moments ; 3. Environments ; 4. Interactions ; 5. Order and magnetic structures ; 6. Order and broken symmetry ; 7. Magnetism in metals ; 8. Competing interactions and low dimensionality ; Appendix A: Units in electromagnetism ; Appendix B: Electromagnetism ; Appendix C: Quantum and atomic physics ; Appendix D: Energy in magnetism and demagnetism ; Appendix E: Statistical mechanics ; Appendix F: List of symbols ; Index

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Book SynopsisThe book describes and explains the Earth's magnetic field, its historical importance, and various ways in which geomagnetism is used, including the analysis of modern satellite-based investigations.Trade ReviewA well written and gentle introduction to geomagnetism. It will undoubtedly become the standard introductory text on the subject. * Wyn Williams, University of Edinburgh *Well written, accessible and up-to-date, and does a very good job in explaining complex processes in a simple way. * Phil Livermore, University of Leeds *A high-quality and comprehensive account of Earth's magnetism for intelligent non-experts, well written and scientifically sound. * Christopher Finlay, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby *Table of Contents1: What is magnetism? 1.1 The discovery of magnetism 1.2 The Earth as a magnet 1.3 The origin of magnetic fields 1.4 Electrical currents and magnetic fields 1.5 Magnetism at atomic level: the Bohr model of the atom 1.6 Spectral analysis and the Zeeman effect 1.7 Electromagnetism 1.8 Particle radiation 2: How the geomagnetic field is measured 2.1 Measurement of magnetic field direction 2.2 Measurement of magnetic field intensity 2.3 Vector magnetometers 2.4 Scalar magnetometers 2.5 Magnetic gradiometers 2.6 Terrestrial magnetic surveying 2.7 Magnetic observatories 2.8 Satellite mapping of the global magnetic field 2.9 The geomagnetic field at the Earth's surface 3: Sources of the Earth's magnetic field 3.1 The Earth's internal structure 3.2 Pressure and temperature in the Earth 3.3 Dipole and multipole fields 3.4 Internal and external sources of the magnetic field 3.5 Spherical harmonic analysis of the internal field 3.6 The international geomagnetic reference field 3.7 Spatial power spectrum of the internal field 3.8 The lithospheric magnetic field 4: The geomagnetic dynamo 4.1 The concept of a self-sustaining dynamo 4.2 Heat transport in the core 4.3 The Coriolis force due to the Earth's rotation 4.4 Magnetohydrodynamics and the frozen-flux concept 4.5 The dynamo model for the origin of the internal magnetic field 4.6 The magnetic influence of the inner core 4.7 The magnetic field at the core-mantle boundary 4.8 Archeomagnetic secular variation of paleointensity 4.9 The geomagnetic field in the early Earth 5: The magnetism of the Earth's Crust 5.1 Physical properties of the crust and mantle 5.2 Crystal rock types 5.3 Types of magnetism in minerals 5.4 Antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic minerals 5.5 Induced and remanent magnetizations 5.6 The thickness of the magnetized crustal layer 5.7 How a magnetic anomaly originates 5.8 Continental magnetic anomalies 5.9 The magnetization of the oceanic crust 5.10 The age of the ocean floor 6: The ancient geomagnetic field 6.1 The natural remanent magnetizations of rocks 6.2 The geocentric axial dipole hypothesis 6.3 Methods of paleomagnetism 6.4 Apparent polar wander and continental reconstructions 6.5 Geomagnetic polarity reversals 6.6 Magnetic polarity stratigraphy 6.7 Geomagnetic polarity in the Early Mesozoic and Paleozoic 6.8 The geomagnetic field in the Precambrian 7: The effects of solar activity on the geomagnetic field 7.1 The internal structure of the Sun 7.2 Energy transfer in the Sun 7.3 Sunspots and the solar cycle 7.4 The Sun's magnetic field 7.5 The solar wind 7.6 The interplanetary magnetic field 7.7 Coronal mass ejections and solar flares 8: The magnetosphere and ionosphere 8.1 The magnetosphere 8.2 The Van Allen radiation belts 8.3 The ionosphere 8.4 Electromagnetic induction in the crust and mantle 8.5 Magnetic storms and substorms 8.6 Space weather Free

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Book SynopsisThe aim of this textbook is to provide an overview of nanophotonics, a discipline which was developed around the turn of the millennium. This unique and rapidly evolving subject area is the result of a collaboration between various scientific communities working on different aspects of light-matter interaction at the nanoscale. These include near-field optics and super-resolution microscopy, photonic crystals, diffractive optics, plasmonics, optoelectronics, synthesis of metallic and semiconductor nanoparticles, two-dimensional materials, and metamaterials. The book is aimed at graduate students with a background in physics, electrical engineering, material science, or chemistry, as well as lecturers and researchers working within these fields.Trade ReviewThe last decade has seen a true revolution in the field of nanophotonics. This textbook provides a comprehensive overview at an introductory level, written by three eminent figures in the field. It will be invaluable to students and researchers alike. * Andrea Alù, City University of New York *Introduction to Nanophotonics is more than a treatise on photons and electrons being lost on tiny metallic islands or in a jungle of nano-structured materials; the authors discuss numerous useful configurations while ensuring the reader does not lose sight of the underlying principles, including an unprecedentedly clear description of the role of plasmons. * Dieter Pohl, University of Basel *This is a comprehensive, unified account of the subject of nanophotonics written by highly respected members of the optics and solid-state physics communities. * Mark Fox, University of Sheffield *Written by leading authorities working at the cutting edge of the field, this textbook is a uniquely comprehensive, coherent, and rigorous introduction to nanophotonics. * Lucio Andreani, University of Pavia *Table of ContentsPart I - Basics of Electromagnetic Optics 1: Basics of Electrodynamics of Continuous Media 2: Radiation 3: Electrodynamics in Material Media: Constitutive Relations 4: Propagation 5: Reflection and Refraction at an Interface 6: Guided Modes 7: Basics of Resonators and Cavities Part II - Optical Properties of Confined Electrons 8: Semiconductors and Quantum Wells 9: More Conned Electrons : Quantum Dots and Quantum Wires Part III - Advanced Concepts in Nanophotonics 10: Fundamental Concepts of Near-Field Optics 11: Introduction to Super-Resolution Optical Imaging 12: Scattering. Green Tensor and Local Density of Electromagnetic States Part IV - Plasmonics 13: Propagating Surface Plasmons 14: Localized Surface Plasmons Part V - Articial Media: Photonics Crystals and Meta-Materials 15: Propagation in Periodic Media (I) : Bloch Modes and Homogenization 16: Propagation in Periodic Media (II): Photonic Crystals 17: Periodic Waveguide 18: Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Part VI - Confined Photons: Nanoantennas, Microcavities and Optoelectronic Devices 19: Controlling Light-Matter Interaction at the Nanoscale with Cavities and Nanoantennas 20: From Nanophotonics to Devices Part VII - Fluctuational Electrodynamics 21: Fluctuational Electrodynamics

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Book SynopsisSonar to Quartz Clock examines how the unapplied phenomenon of piezoelectricity became applied for technologies such as sonar, crystal frequency control, the quartz clock, and how its research has consequently changed during WWI and the interwar period. It aims at reconstructing, for the first time, the fascinating history of the inventions and the development of these highly important technologies, which are still in extensive use, and which were crucial for the electronic revolution, arguably the most important technological developments of the twentieth century.On this basis, this book suggests a better and more nuanced understanding of the relationships between modern science and technology and the process of development and innovation of science-based technologies. It examines in particular the mutual transfer and transformation of knowledge between them including the way physics becomes practically applicable, the way applications and societal interests shape technology and scienTrade ReviewCovers an extremely rich case of interplay between science and technology, and greatly contributes to correcting the common prejudice that relativity and quantum physics were the sole important innovations of the early twentieth century. * Olivier Darrigol, University Paris-Diderot *Examines in fascinating detail how the phenomenon of piezoelectricity was transformed from so-called pure physics to technically useful devices. Clearly written and well structured, and of high scholarly quality. * Helge Kragh, Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen *A fresh and insightful approach to the ways in which physics, technology, and innovation are entangled. * Gisela Mateos, UNAM, Mexico City *Provides a substantial case study that casts new light on the scholarship of the science-technology relationship and uses some of its major findings to further the understanding of the process of technological innovations. * Chen-Pang Yeang, University of Toronto *

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Book SynopsisThis is an introduction to the quantum theory of light and its broad implications and applications. The book covers material with direct relevance to current basic and applied research, such as quantum fluctuations and their role in laser physics and the theory of forces between macroscopic bodies. Includes many exercises and historical sidelights.Trade ReviewFor the student who requires a broader understanding of quantum optics beyond a first course, this book is a treasure trove that will reward many hours of independent study beyond the introductory course. * Jonathan Blakely, , Contemporary Physics *Peter Milonnis text is a masterpiece of scholarship and clarity. The wide range of topics covered and the lucidity of the presentation will delight students and experts alike. * Stephen M. Barnett, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow *Table of Contents1: Elements of Classical Electrodynamics 2: Atoms in Light: Semiclassical Theory 3: Quantum Theory of the Electromagnetic Field 4: Interaction Hamiltonian and Spontaneous Emission 5: Atoms and Light: Quantum Theory 6: Fluctuations, Dissipation, and Noise 7: Dipole Interactions and Fluctuation-Induced Forces

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Book SynopsisBasic Processes of Gaseous Electronics is an advanced exploration into the field of gaseous electronics, building upon the foundational work presented in the author's earlier book, Fundamental Processes of Electrical Discharge in Gases (1939). The earlier book provided a comprehensive review of the subject, addressing gaps in knowledge and methodology that had emerged over decades of research. The current volume acknowledges the transformative advances in technology, theory, and experimental methods made over the intervening fifteen years, including innovations in microwave techniques, short-duration pulsed potentials, and high-speed oscilloscopes. These developments have enabled deeper insights into phenomena such as electron-energy distributions, ionization, recombination, and the mechanisms underlying electrical discharge. This book incorporates significant theoretical and experimental progress, including refinements in the kinetic theory of nonequilibrium gases and analyses of e

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Book SynopsisAll magnetized planets in our solar system interact strongly with the solar wind and possess well developed magneto tails. This book includes a discussion of why a magnetotail is a fundamental issue in magneto spheric physics. It is a collection of tutorials that cover a large range of magneto tails in our solar system; and more.Table of ContentsContributors vii PrefaceAndreas Keiling, Caitríona Jackman, and Peter Delamereix Section I: Introduction 1 Magnetotail: Unsolved Fundamental Problem of Magnetospheric PhysicsVytenis M Vasyliūnas 3 Section II: Tutorials 2 Mercury’s MagnetotailT Sundberg and J A Slavin 23 3 Magnetotails of Mars and VenusE Dubinin and M Fraenz 43 4 Earth’s MagnetotailRobert L McPherron 61 5 Jupiter’s MagnetotailNorbert Krupp , Elena Kronberg , and Aikaterini Radioti 85 6 Saturn’s MagnetotailCaitríona M Jackman 99 7 Magnetotails of Uranus and NeptuneC S Arridge 119 8 Satellite MagnetotailsXianzhe Jia 135 9 Moon’s Plasma WakeJ S Halekas, D A Brain and M Holmström 149 10 Physics of Cometary MagnetospheresTamas I Gombosi 169 11 HeliotailDavid J McComas 189 Section III: Specialized Topics 12 Formation of Magnetotails: Fast and Slow Rotators ComparedD J Southwood 199 13 Solar Wind Interaction with Giant Magnetospheres and Earth’s MagnetosphereP A Delamere 217 14 Solar Wind Entry Into and Transport Within Planetary MagnetotailsSimon Wing and Jay R Johnson 235 15 Magnetic Reconnection in Different Environments: Similarities and DifferencesMichael Hesse, Nicolas Aunai, Masha Kuznetsova, Seiji Zenitani, and Joachim Birn 259 16 Origin and Evolution of Plasmoids and Flux Ropes in the Magnetotails of Earth and MarsJ P Eastwood and S A Kiehas 269 17 Current Sheets Formation in Planetary MagnetotailAntonius Otto, Min-Shiu Hsieh, and Fred Hall IV 289 18 Substorms: Plasma and Magnetic Flux Transport from Magnetic Tail into MagnetosphereGerhard Haerendel 307 19 Injection, Interchange, and Reconnection: Energetic Particle Observations in Saturn’s MagnetosphereD G Mitchell, P C Brandt, J F Carbary, W S Kurth, S M Krimigis, C Paranicas, Norbert Krupp, D C Hamilton, B H Mauk, G B Hospodarsky, M K Dougherty, and W R Pryor 327 20 Radiation Belt Electron Acceleration and Role of MagnetotailGeoffrey D Reeves 345 21 Substorm Current Wedge at Earth and MercuryL Kepko, K-H Glassmeier, J A Slavin, and T Sundberg 361 22 Review of Global Simulation Studies of Effect of Ionospheric Outflow on Magnetosphere-Ionosphere System DynamicsM Wiltberger 373 Index 393

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Book SynopsisThe two volumes of this new edition of the Handbook cover the basic biological, medical, physical, and electrical engineering principles. They also include experimental results concerning how electric and magnetic fields affect biological systemsboth as potential hazards to health and potential tools for medical treatment and scientific research. They also include material on the relationship between the science and the regulatory processes concerning human exposure to the fields. Like its predecessors, this edition is intended to be useful as a reference book but also for introducing the reader to bioelectromagnetics or some of its aspects.FEATURES New topics include coverage of electromagnetic effects in the terahertz region, effects on plants, and explicitly applying feedback concepts to the analysis of biological electromagnetic effects Expanded coverage of electromagnetic brain stimulation, characterization and modeling of epithelial wTable of Contents0 Introduction to Electromagnetic Fields. 1 Environmental and Occupational DC and Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields. 2 Intermediate and Radiofrequency Sources and Exposures in Everyday Environments. 3 Endogenous Bioelectric Phenomena and Interfaces for Exogenous Effects. 4 Electric and Magnetic Properties of Biological Materials. 5 Interaction of Static and Extremely Low-Frequency Electric Fields with Biological Materials and Systems. 6 Magnetic Field Interactions with Biological Materials. 7 Mechanisms of Action in Bioelectromagnetics. 8 Signals, Noise, and Thresholds. 9 Computational Methods for Predicting Electromagnetic Fields and Temperature Increase in Biological Bodies. 10 Experimental Dosimetry. 11 Overcoming the Irreproducibility Barrier: Considerations to Improve the Quality of Experimental Practice When Investigating the Effects of Low-Level Electric and Magnetic Fields on In Vitro Biological Systems. 12 Radio Frequency Exposure Standards.

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Book Synopsis'[This] crisply succinct, beautifully synthesized study brings to life Tesla, his achievements and failures...and the hopeful thrum of an era before world wars.' - NatureNikola Tesla is one of the most enigmatic, curious and controversial figures in the history of science. An electrical pioneer as influential in his own way as Thomas Edison, he embodied the aspirations and paradoxes of an age of innovation that seemed to have the future firmly in its grasp. In an era that saw the spread of power networks and wireless telegraphy, the discovery of X-rays, and the birth of powered flight, Tesla made himself synonymous with the electrical future under construction but opinion was often divided as to whether he was a visionary, a charlatan, or a fool. Iwan Rhys Morus examines Tesla's life in the context of the extraordinary times in which he lived and worked, colourfully evoking an age in which anything seemed possible, from capturing the full energy of Niagara to communicating with Mars.Shattering the myth of the 'man out of time', Morus demonstrates that Tesla was in all ways a product of his era, and shows how the popular image of the inventor-as-maverick-outsider was deliberately crafted by Tesla - establishing an archetype that still resonates today.Trade ReviewSuperb * Nick Smith, Engineering and Technology magazine *[This] crisply succinct, beautifully synthesized study brings to life Tesla, his achievements and failures...and the hopeful thrum of an era before world wars. -- NatureThere have been other Tesla biographies, but this is the one I have been waiting for ... Tesla, he shows us, was - like his one-time boss and rival Thomas Edison - inventing nothing less than the electrified future. -- Philip Ball, author of Invisible: The Dangerous Allure of the UnseenClear and engaging ... a pleasure to read * Physics Today *

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Book SynopsisMany times through deep history Earth’s magnetic poles have switched places, leaving our planet’s protective shield weaker and life vulnerable to devastating solar storms. The last time it happened was 780,000 years ago, long before humans emerged, but it won’t be long until it happens again. And when it does, will it send us back to the Stone Age? The Spinning Magnet is a fascinating insight into what may lie ahead. From the pivotal discoveries of Victorian scientists to the possibility of solar radiation wiping out power grids, and the secrets of electromagnetism, Alanna Mitchell reveals the truth behind one of the most powerful forces in the universe.Trade Review‘Stokes the reader’s curiosity about one of the most critical but invisible forces in the universe.’ * BBC Sky at Night *‘Mitchell’s portrait gallery is researched with a depth and breadth that make its protagonists’ triumphs and failures compelling. She also gives entertaining accounts of today’s working geoscientists… Her interviews provide insights into their thoughts and actions that transcend the stereotypes of inscrutable nerd or heroic explorer.’ * Nature *‘The Earth’s magnetic field…tends to be taken for granted. In reality it’s a fickle, ill-understood phenomenon. Alanna Mitchell delves into the mystery, in an engrossing book that features a new surprise on every page.’ -- Sean Carroll, author of The Big Picture‘A fascinating untold story of science that is full of mystery and intrigue, and written with a great deal of style.’ -- Mark Miodownik, New York Times bestselling author of Stuff Matters, winner of the Royal Society Winton Prize‘A compelling yarn describing our historical efforts to understand the force that created the world, and as the subtitle warns, could bring about its end…Destined to become a classic of popular science.’ * E&T Magazine *‘Captivating scientific history…an invaluable contribution to the popular science shelf.’ * Booklist *‘A compelling tale of unseen and unforeseen natural forces – and a reminder that we’ve staked our home on a planet that remains infinitely strange, dangerous – and ever full of wonder.’ -- Deborah Blum, author of The Poisoner’s Handbook‘In The Spinning Magnet, Alanna Mitchell pulls off the rare trifecta in science writing: an engrossing plot of a planetary mystery, authentic character portraits of scientists and their passion for their work, and explanations of complex physics in easily understandable terms.’ -- Sabine Stanley, Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Applied Physics Lab, Johns Hopkins University‘Mitchell draws us into a spellbinding scientific detective story, told over the ages, as she nimbly explains magnetism’s role in everything that matters. Each chapter is filled with exciting new revelations written in clear crisp prose. A skilled writer, Mitchell puts magnetism on the map!’ -- Timothy J. Jorgensen, author of Strange Glow: The Story of Radiation, winner of the American Institute of Physics’ Science Communication Award

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Book SynopsisLook around you science is everywhere! Have you ever wondered how magnets work or how electricity is made? Use this exciting series to find the answers to your big questions about science in the world.

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Book SynopsisThis book deals with electromagnetic theory and its applications at the level of a senior-level undergraduate course for science and engineering. The basic concepts and mathematical analysis are clearly developed and the important applications are analyzed. Each chapter contains numerous problems ranging in difficulty from simple applications to challenging. The answers for the problems are given at the end of the book. Some chapters which open doors to more advanced topics, such as wave theory, special relativity, emission of radiation by charges and antennas, are included. The material of this book allows flexibility in the choice of the topics covered. Knowledge of basic calculus (vectors, differential equations and integration) and general physics is assumed. The required mathematical techniques are gradually introduced. After a detailed revision of time-independent phenomena in electrostatics and magnetism in vacuum, the electric and magnetic properties of matter are discussed. Induction, Maxwell equations and electromagnetic waves, their reflection, refraction, interference and diffraction are also studied in some detail. Four additional topics are introduced: guided waves, relativistic electrodynamics, particles in an electromagnetic field and emission of radiation. A useful appendix on mathematics, units and physical constants is included. Contents 1. Prologue. 2. Electrostatics in Vacuum. 3. Conductors and Currents. 4. Dielectrics. 5. Special Techniques and Approximation Methods. 6. Magnetic Field in Vacuum. 7. Magnetism in Matter. 8. Induction. 9. Maxwell’s Equations. 10. Electromagnetic Waves. 11. Reflection, Interference, Diffraction and Diffusion. 12. Guided Waves. 13. Special Relativity and Electrodynamics. 14. Motion of Charged Particles in an Electromagnetic Field. 15. Emission of Radiation.Table of ContentsPreface xi List of Symbols xv Chapter 1. Prologue 1 1.1. Scalars and vectors 2 1.2. Effect of rotations on scalars and vectors 5 1.3. Integrals involving vectors 7 1.4. Gradient and curl, conservative field and scalar potential 8 1.5. Divergence, conservative flux, and vector potential 10 1.6. Other properties of the vector differential operator 10 1.7. Invariance and physical laws 11 1.8. Electric charges in nature 14 1.9. Interactions in nature 18 1.10. Problems 19 Chapter 2. Electrostatics in Vacuum 23 2.1. Electric forces and field 23 2.2. Electric energy and potential 25 2.3. The two fundamental laws of electrostatics 26 2.4. Poisson’s equation and its solutions 29 2.5. Symmetries of the electric field and potential 31 2.6. Electric dipole 34 2.7. Electric field and potential of simple charge configurations 38 2.8. Some general properties of the electric field and potential 39 2.9. Electrostatic energy of a system of charges 42 2.10. Electrostatic binding energy of ionic crystals and atomic nuclei 48 2.11. Interaction-at-a-distance and local interaction* 50 2.12. Problems 52 Chapter 3. Conductors and Currents 61 3.1. Conductors in equilibrium 61 3.2. Conductors with cavities, electric shielding 64 3.3. Capacitors 66 3.4. Mutual electric influence of conductors 72 3.5. Electric forces between conductors 73 3.6. Currents and current densities 76 3.7. Classical model of conduction, Ohm’s law and the Joule effect 79 3.8. Resistance of conductors 81 3.9. Variation of resistivity with temperature, superconductivity 82 3.10. Band theory of conduction, semiconductors* 84 3.11. Electric circuits 90 3.12. Problems 92 Chapter 4. Dielectrics 97 4.1. Effects of dielectric on capacitors 97 4.2. Polarization of dielectrics 99 4.3. Microscopic interpretation of polarization 100 4.4. Polarization charges in dielectric 102 4.5. Potential and field of polarized dielectrics 103 4.6. Gauss’s law in the case of dielectrics, electric displacement 105 4.7. Electrostatic equations in dielectrics 106 4.8. Field and potential of permanent dielectrics 109 4.9. Polarization of a dielectric in an external field 113 4.10. Energy and force in dielectrics 115 4.11. Action of an electric field on a polarized medium 116 4.12. Electric susceptibility and permittivity 118 4.13. Variation of polarization with temperature 120 4.14. Nonlinear dielectrics and non-isotropic dielectrics 122 4.15. Problems 124 Chapter 5. Special Techniques and Approximation Methods 127 5.1. Unicity of the solution 128 5.2. Method of images 130 5.3. Method of analytic functions 134 5.4. Method of separation of variables 135 5.5. Laplace’s equation in Cartesian coordinates 136 5.6. Laplace’s equation in spherical coordinates 138 5.7. Laplace’s equation in cylindrical coordinates143 5.8. Multipole expansion 146 5.9. Other methods 147 5.10. Problems 149 Chapter 6. Magnetic Field in Vacuum 153 6.1. Force exerted by a magnetic field on a moving charge 153 6.2. Force exerted by a magnetic field on a current, Laplace’s force 155 6.3. Magnetic flux and vector potential 157 6.4. Magnetic field of particles and currents, Biot-Savart’s law 159 6.5. Magnetic moment 161 6.6. Symmetries of the magnetic field 165 6.7. Ampère’s law in the integral form 167 6.8. Field and potential of some simple circuits 169 6.9. Equations of time-independent magnetism in vacuum, singularities of B 174 6.10. Magnetic energy of a circuit in a field B 178 6.11. Magnetic forces 180 6.12. Question of magnetic monopoles* 186 6.13. Problems188 Chapter 7. Magnetism in Matter 195 7.1. Types of magnetism 195 7.2. Diamagnetism and paramagnetism 197 7.3. Magnetization current 201 7.4. Magnetic field and vector potential in the presence of magnetic matter 203 7.5. Ampère’s law in the integral form in the presence of magnetic matter 204 7.6. Equations of time-independent magnetism in the presence of matter 206 7.7. Discontinuities of the magnetic field 209 7. 8. Examples of calculation of the field of permanent magnets 211 7.9. Magnetization of a body in an external field 214 7.10. Magnetic susceptibility, nonlinear mediums and non-isotropic mediums 216 7.11. Action of a magnetic field on a magnetic body 218 7.12. Magnetic energy in matter 220 7.13. Variation of magnetization with temperature 221 7.14. Ferromagnetism 224 7.15. Magnetic circuits 227 7.16. Problems 229 Chapter 8. Induction 233 8.1. Induction due to the variation of the flux, Faraday’s and Lenz’s laws 233 8.2. Neumann’s induction 235 8.3. Lorentz induction 236 8.4. Lorentz induction and the Galilean transformation of fields 239 8.5. Mutual inductance and self-inductance 240 8.6. LR circuit 244 8.7. Magnetic energy 247 8.8. Magnetic forces acting on circuits 249 8.9. Some applications of induction 252 8.10. Problems 256 Chapter 9. Maxwell’s Equations 263 9.1. Fundamental laws of electromagnetism 263 9.2. Maxwell’s equations 267 9.3. Electromagnetic potentials and gauge transformation 270 9.4. Quasi-permanent approximation 272 9.5. Discontinuities on the interface of two mediums 276 9.6. Electromagnetic energy and Poynting vector 277 9.7. Electromagnetic pressure, Maxwell’s tensor 278 9.8. Problems 280 Chapter 10. Electromagnetic Waves 283 10.1. A short review on waves 284 10.2. Electromagnetic waves in infinite vacuum and dielectrics 291 10.3. Polarization of electromagnetic waves 295 10.4. Energy and intensity of plane electromagnetic waves 299 10.5. Momentum and angular momentum densities, radiation pressure 301 10.6. A simple model of dispersion 304 10.7. Electromagnetic waves in conductors 308 10.8. Electromagnetic waves in plasmas 314 10.9. Quantization of electromagnetic waves 320 10.10. Electromagnetic spectrum 321 10.11. Emission of electromagnetic radiations 323 10.12. Spontaneous and stimulated emissions 325 10.13. Problems 328 Chapter 11. Reflection, Interference, Diffraction and Diffusion 337 11.1. General laws of reflection and refraction 337 11.2. Reflection and refraction on the interface of two dielectrics 340 11.3. Total reflection 346 11.4. Reflection on a conductor 349 11.5. Reflection on a plasma 352 11.6. Interference of two electromagnetic waves 353 11.7. Superposition of several waves, conditions for observable interference 355 11.8. Huygens-Fresnel’s principle and diffraction by an aperture 357 11.9. Diffraction by an obstacle, Babinet’s theorem 363 11.10. Diffraction by several randomly distributed identical apertures 364 11.11. Diffraction grating 365 11.12. X-ray diffraction 368 11.13. Diffusion of waves* 370 11.14. Cross-section* 375 11.15. Problems 378 Chapter 12. Guided Waves 389 12.1. Transmission lines 390 12.2. Guided waves 394 12.3. Waveguides formed by two plane and parallel plates 397 12.4. Guided electromagnetic waves in a hollow conductor 400 12.5. Energy propagation in waveguides 404 12.6. Cavities 406 12.7. Applications of waveguides 407 12.8. Problems 409 Chapter 13. Special Relativity and Electrodynamics 413 13.1. Galilean relativity in mechanics 414 13.2. Galilean relativity and wave theory* 415 13.3. The 19th Century experiments on the velocity of light 420 13.4. Special theory of relativity 421 13.5. Four-dimensional formalism 424 13.6. Elements of relativistic mechanics 427 13.7. Special relativity and wave theory* 430 13.8. Elements of relativistic electrodynamics 434 13.9. Problems 438 Chapter 14. Motion of Charged Particles in an Electromagnetic Field 443 14.1. Motion of a charged particle in an electric field 443 14.2. Bohr model for the hydrogen atom* 447 14.3. Rutherford’s scattering * 450 14.4. Motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field 451 14.5. Motion in crossed electric and magnetic fields 457 14.6. Magnetic moment in a magnetic field 459 14.7. Problems 461 Chapter 15. Emission of Radiation 467 15.1. Retarded potentials and fields 467 15.2. Dipole radiation 469 15.3. Electric dipole radiation 470 15.4. Magnetic dipole radiation 474 15.5. Antennas 476 15.6. Potentials and fields of a charged particle* 479 15.7. Case of a charged particle with constant velocity * 482 15.8. Radiated energy by a moving charge 484 15.9. Problems 486 Answers to Some Problems 491 Appendix A. Mathematical Review 511 Appendix B. Units in Physics 527 Appendix C. Some Physical Constants 533 Further Reading 535 Index 537

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Book SynopsisKompakt und verständlich führt dieses Lehrbuch in die Grundlagen der theoretischen Physik ein. Dabei werden die üblichen Themen der Grundvorlesungen Mechanik, Elektrodynamik, Relativitätstheorie, Quantenmechanik , Thermodynamik und Statistik in einem Band zusammengefasst, um den Zusammenhang zwischen den einzelnen Teilgebieten besonders zu betonen. Ein Kapitel mit mathematischen Grundlagen der Physik erleichtert den Einstieg. Zahlreiche Übungsaufgaben dienen der Vertiefung des Stoffes.Table of Contents

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