Economic growth Books

Book SynopsisMost colonies became independent countries after the end of World War II, while few of them became modernized even after decades of their independence. Taiwan is one of the few to become a modern state with remarkable achievements in its economic, socio-cultural, and political development.In 1921, Taiwanese intellectuals initiated a Petition Movement for the Establishment of a Taiwanese Parliament under the colonial government. Leaders of the enlightenment also established the Taiwan Cultural Association (TCA) on October 17, 1921. These two movements led to a series of socio-cultural, political, and economic developments during the past century. This book addresses the path and trajectory of the emergence of Taiwan from a colony to a modern state in the past century. It contains four major sections on identity and political developments and explores international relations, economic development. educational and societal development, and culture and literature development.This thorough exploration will prove invaluable to graduate and undergraduate students in Taiwan history, literature, and the cultural and political economy of development as well as students studying East Asia. It offers the same wealth of information to researchers and practitioners in Taiwan-China-US trilateral relations and in cultural anthropology and practices in East Asia politics and business.Trade Review‘Peter Chow is to be congratulated for assembling this collection of fascinating studies of various aspects of Taiwanese politics, sociology, culture and economics during the past century. The chapters include analyses of aspects of Taiwanese history hitherto little discussed in Anglophone literature, thus making an important and original contribution to the international field of interdisciplinary Taiwan studies.’ -- Edward Vickers, International Journal of Asian Studies‘The combined scholarship published in A Century of Development in Taiwan: From Colony to Modern State is a well-timed overview of – and introduction to – the changes and challenges faced by Taiwan in the past and in contemporary times.’ -- Edwin Pietersma, International Institute for Asian Studies‘In this impressive collection, leading Taiwanese and international scholars provide a comprehensive assessment of Taiwan over the last century. From multiple disciplinary perspectives, they tell the tale of its remarkable and tumultuous transformation from a Japanese colony with an agrarian economy, an unequal society, and no political autonomy to today’s Taiwan, with its advanced economy, vibrant liberal democracy, equitable and inclusive multi-ethnic society, distinct cultural identity, and robust, if contested, international status.’ -- Jacques deLisle, University of Pennsylvania, USTable of ContentsContents: Foreword: learning history xii Edward Friedman Foreword xviii Masahiro Wakabayashi Preface and acknowledgment xxi PART I INTRODUCTION 1 From colony to modern state: an overview of Taiwan’s path of development 2 Peter C.Y. Chow PART II TAIWANESE IDENTITY, POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT, AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 2 Taiwan’s international relations 17 June Teufel Dreyer 3 From a province to a sovereign state: Taiwan’s political changes as reflected in the three critical years 1951, 1971 and 1991 40 Yi-Shen Chen 4 Rethinking Taiwanese ethnicity: notes on recent historical scholarship 57 Lung-Chih Chang 5 Identity in formation and transformation: dynamics of national identity change after Taiwan’s democratization 70 Shiau-chi Shen PART III ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SINCE THE 1920S 6 Taiwan’s industrialization and Southeast Asia during the Japanese period: a miracle growth in prewar Taiwan 92 Frank S.T. Hsiao 7 The path of Taiwan’s industrial development: from follower to innovator 146 Peter C.Y. Chow 8 Money and banking in Taiwan: country identity and the top trade partner 176 Hong-Jen Abraham Lin PART IV SOCIETAL AND EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT 9 The rise and fall of civil society movements in Taiwan: 1920–2020 194 Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao 10 A century of colonial education by Japan and the KMT/ ROC party-state, 1898–1997: a comparative study of the problems of Taiwan’s national identity 217 Wan-yao Chou 11 Transformation of women’s status in Taiwan, 1920–2020 240 Doris T. Chang PART V LITERATURE AND CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN TAIWAN 12 The rise and fall of cultural theatre and new theatre, from the 1920s to the 1960s 263 Yin-Chen Kang 13 Modern Taiwan Literature of Taiwan: between China and the world 286 Michelle Yeh 14 Hybrid theatre: the origin and development of creative Taiwanese opera 302 Jasmine Yu-Hsing Chen 15 A century of struggle over Taiwan’s cultural self-consciousness: the life and afterlife of Chiang Wei-shui and the Taiwan Cultural Association 320 Fang-long Shih Corresponding table of Wade-Giles/Taigi and Pinyin romanization of Chinese names and terms 353 Index

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Book SynopsisThis timely Handbook provides a conceptual discussion and a wide empirical presentation of new disruptive forms of innovation producing appropriate technologies, addressing the needs of low-income populations, and providing alternative solutions for sustainable development. The Handbook of Innovation & Appropriate Technologies for International Development expertly analyses and compares contributions of appropriate technologies in developing, emerging and industrialized economies, including China and India, and their global development impacts. Additionally, it covers the transversal role of new international communication technologies, open access, digital tools as well as entrepreneurship and innovation from within emerging economies and in industrialized nations. Using empirical analyses of cases and experiences in manufacturing sectors and services, it covers both the formal and informal economy, and provides an insightful focus on differences and similarities across borders and sectors. NGO and private sector practitioners, public sector officers as well as academics specialized in development economics, entrepreneurship and engineering or management studies will find this Handbook to be illuminating and very informative. Science and technology producers and entrepreneurs will appreciate the global look into more sustainable development as related to appropriate technologies, and how they can be used across all economic backgrounds.Trade Review‘Handbook of Innovation & Appropriate Technologies for International Development is an outstanding contribution to bring out the progress of such innovations and appropriate technologies helpful for the development of people across the world. This book serves as a value pack for researchers, scholars and, in particular, practitioners working in the area of technology development and entrepreneurship for local community sustainable development impacts, and how they can be commercialised through various public–private inroads.’ -- Raunak Gupta, The Journal of Entrepreneurship‘The chapter authors take a comprehensive and eclectic approach to “global engineering” in all its aspects, from academic research and learning, to practical approaches by international organizations and NGOs, to the experience of practitioners and communities who experimented with appropriate technologies — or were experimented on with them. This compendium explains the origin stories of the pathbreaking practitioners and organizations, and provides both the traditional socio-economic and political frameworks for appropriate technologies as well as the new, somewhat controversial, decolonization narrative, with a range of LMIC examples. The human aspect gets attention, including the need for protection of subjects and participants, and the ethical dimensions, with the limitations university’s institutional review processes may face about collection and analysis of data, use of AI and machine learning techniques to tease out insights and learning, to making these analyses available to the non-specialist as well as to the participants and other stakeholders. The scholar, the practitioner, the student, and the innovators will all find things to like and reflect on as we move from appropriate technologies to the broader intellectual and political context for applying what we learn to engage with the poor to improve their lives.’ -- Paul M Cadario, University of Toronto, CanadaTable of ContentsContents: Introduction to the Handbook of Innovation & Appropriate Technologies for International Development xiv Daniel Frey, Samuel Pierre, Philippe Régnier, Koshy Varghese and Pascal Wild PART I APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY: ORIGINS AND EVOLUTION OF A CONCEPT 1 Revisiting the concept of “technology for the people”: from Gandhi and Schumacher to 21st century new developments 2 Philippe Régnier and Pascal Wild 2 MIT D-Lab: designing for a more equitable world 7 Amy Smith and Nancy Adams 3 Solving problems and strengthening systems: how local innovation of appropriate technology contributes to development 22 Elizabeth Hoffecker and Boru Douthwaite PART II THE RISE OF EMERGING ECONOMIES AND NEW CONTRIBUTIONS 4 The rise of emerging economies: implications on appropriate technology development in theory and practice 47 Philippe Régnier and Pascal Wild 5 Entrepreneurship, appropriate technologies and economic development in China 54 Heini Shi 6 Technological transformation in India: the debate between appropriate and frontier technologies 71 Binod Khadria and Ratnam Mishra PART III RECENT INNOVATIONS AND APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGIES IN TRANSFORMATION 7 Technology evaluation for global development: exploring the efficiency of comparative methods 87 Daniel Frey and Bish Sanyal 8 Mobilizing higher education and research toward engineering for global development: the approach taken by the Centre for Global Engineering 103 Ahmed Mahmoud, Amy Bilton, Morris Huang, Levente Diosady and Yu-Ling Cheng 9 The participatory design spectrum: design for, with, and by 125 Kendra Leith, Sher Vogel and Khanjan Mehta 10 Frugal engineering 140 Rao Balkrishna 11 Financial technologies and rapid development growth in emerging economies 154 Jane Khayesi 12 Openness and new development perspectives 168 Abdelhamid Benhmade 13 How technologies can be used to reduce poverty and promote sustainable development in Haiti: the case of the PIGraN Project 187 Samuel Pierre 14 Ethical considerations for “Internet of Things” in research to advance global development 207 Daniel Sweeney, Amit Gandhi and Evan Thomas 15 High-stake conditions to catalyse local sustainable development through Fablabs in Africa 222 Thomas Hervé Mboa Nkoudou 16 The importance of local institutions: bottom‐up innovation in Uganda 240 Joe Amick and Roy William Mayega 17 How locally adapted information and communication technologies (ICTs) may contribute to the citizens’ socio-economic conditions in emerging countries: case study in the DR Congo 259 Musandji Fuamba Index

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Book SynopsisThis book addresses the different kinds of businesses launched by entrepreneurs and explains why their differences are so critical for our understanding of entrepreneurship. While entrepreneurs create a wide variety of businesses, overwhelming emphasis has been placed on explosive growth firms such as Facebook, Google, Amazon, Uber and Airbnb. Although important, these businesses represent less than one percent of start-ups. The book distinguishes four types of new ventures: survival, lifestyle, managed growth and aggressive growth. Underlying characteristics of each type are investigated, together with the resources, skills and capabilities necessary for their success. Issues that arise based on this typology are explored, including reasons why ventures of one type rarely change to become another, and how entrepreneurs determine which they should pursue. In addition, the authors introduce the 'portfolio' concept, where the need to develop a balanced mix of venture types is emphasized. The principal audiences for What Do Entrepreneurs Create? include entrepreneurship educators, scholarly researchers, public policy developers, economic development professionals, and community organizations striving to foster entrepreneurial activity.Trade Review'What do entrepreneurs create? Prominent, well-known authors Michael H. Morris and Donald F. Kuratko answer this question in their newest fascinating book. They emphasize that a venture is organic and that it is a living, breathing thing with a purpose and mission. Rather than view venture creation is an end, they explain the phenomenon as a journey. A very refreshing read indeed! Hats off to the authors.' --Leo P Dana, Montpellier Business School, France'This important book delivers what everyone wants to know - how to be entrepreneurial and all of the vast ways that entrepreneurship is manifested. The book is not only full of practical and essential lessons from two of the most prominent world class experts, but it is also rife with rare gems and insights that will guide anyone interested in learning about entrepreneurs. The passion, knowledge and experience that these authors bring jumps out on every page.' --David Audretsch, Indiana University, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. The Entrepreneurial Journey: Intention versus Emergence 2. Venture Types: What Entrepreneurs Actually Create 3. Survival Ventures: Just Getting By 4. Lifestyle Ventures: Seeking Stability 5. Managed Growth Ventures: Learning to Fly 6. Aggressive Growth Ventures: Changing the World 7. A Resource-based Perspective on Venture Types 8. How Ventures Develop Unique Identities 9. The Fit between Type of Venture and Entrepreneur 10. Types Within Types 11. Why All Ventures Matter: Toward a Portfolio Perspective 12. Venture Types, Public Policy and Ecosystem Support Index

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Book SynopsisThis comprehensive Handbook examines the links between energy, the economy, and the environment. Esteemed international experts explore the ways in which energy contributes to economic growth, particularly in the context of geopolitical uncertainties.

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Book SynopsisPiero Ferri expertly broadens the analysis of the canonical growth cycle approach by presenting a Minsky–Harrod model, examining how the relationship between income distribution, growth and unemployment becomes increasingly complex. Exploring this new technique to generate a process of growth, based not only on history but disequilibrium, he investigates the current income distribution debate further and the challenges it faces. Written in a succinct yet comprehensive style, Piero Ferri begins by addressing the basic principles, followed by an in-depth look at growth cycle models and how the Minsky–Harrod integrated model would help to unravel the current complexities. The empirical analysis reaches insightful conclusions by justifying the existence of a variety of results and by studying the distributive loop in a dynamic context which is prone to instability. Teachers of macroeconomics and scholars will find this an invaluable read and will benefit from the practical study and results. Researchers interested in labour economics and political economy will also find this a thought-provoking book.Trade Review‘In this book, Professor Ferri extends his formidable research on macroeconomic dynamics into a broad analysis of how income distribution affects aggregate outcomes. He develops creative insights to both synthesize a wide range of existing research and break new ground.’ -- Steven Fazzari, Washington University, St. Louis, US‘Piero Ferri thinks big, focusing on the nexus of income distribution, growth and unemployment that has been at the centre of economic thinking since the inception of the discipline. Ferri makes Harrod, Kaldor and Goodwin meet Minsky in an original and penetrating synthesis. The aggregate macroeconomic setting he brilliantly masters throughout the book generates a wide range of dynamic outcomes and provides invaluable insights especially for macroeconomists exploring the economy as a complex evolving system.’ -- Domenico Delli Gatti, Catholic University in Milan, ItalyTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction to Income Distribution, Growth and Unemployment PART I THE BASICS 2. The lexicon of short-run static analysis 3. The political economy of income distribution 4. Elementary tools for dynamics PART II INCOME DISTRIBUTION IN GROWTH CYCLE MODELS 5. The Goodwin classical approach 6. The Kaleckian‒post-Keynesian (KPK) models 7. Financial aspects: a Minskyan perspective 8. Harrod and instability PART III A GENERALIZED MODEL 9. A workhorse model 10. Growth and unemployment 11. Technological change, income distribution and unemployment 12. The wage‒price spiral in an integrated model PART IV TOWARDS COMPLEX DYNAMICS 13. A meta-model of income distribution 14. Income distribution, inequality and debt 15. The financial instability hypothesis, income distribution and complex dynamics PART V CONCLUDING REMARKS 16 Final considerations References Index

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Book SynopsisPost-Keynesian Growth Theory is the second volume of Marc Lavoie's Selected Essays, and is a collection of 18 articles published between 1995 and 2020, on themes touching growth and distribution. The book contains an extended foreword by Eckhard Hein, and an introduction by Lavoie that recalls how he became attracted to post-Keynesian growth theory more than 45 years ago, and explains how and why this book came about.The collection includes a number of papers showing Lavoie's evolving approach to neo-Kaleckian models of growth and distribution, incorporating hysteresis, overhead labour, monetary issues, price inflation, as well as various sources of autonomous non-capacity creating expenditures. It shows how all of these interact with alternative Marxian or Sraffian approaches as well.A section of the book is also devoted to two-sector models, in particular the issue of the traverse from one equilibrium to another, extending the Kaleckian model but also providing insights into the works of Hicks and Pasinetti.Both professors and graduate students will benefit from the decades of experience and wisdom amassed and presented in Post-Keynesian Growth Theory.Trade Review‘The essays in this book show the promises, fruits and avenues for future research in post-Keynesian growth theory. Far from an exhausted paradigm, this book shows that PKE has maintained its vitality and relevance in advancing support for a demand-led view of long-run economic growth. Professors and students will benefit from the many insights and remarks of this book, as a whole or in specific chapters, as a guide for approaching the dynamics of modern economies.’ -- Pablo G. Bortz, Review of Political Economy‘Post-Keynesian Growth Theory by Marc Lavoie is a fascinating collection of essays showing us how a leading post-Keynesian economist got involved in working on growth and distribution. It is an essential volume for researchers and students alike to explore the key contributions in post-Keynesian theories of growth and distribution in historical context as the controversies and debates evolve.’ -- Ozlem Onaran, University of Greenwich, UK‘Even before now it could easily have been said of Marc Lavoie that he had “written the book” on Post-Keynesian growth theory. And now he really has. This collection of essays displays remarkable breadth, rigour, and coherence, and is a must-read for any serious scholar in the field.’ -- Mark Setterfield, New School For Social Research, USTable of ContentsContents: Foreword Eckhard Hein ix Introduction Marc Lavoie xvii PART I BASIC KALECKIAN MODELS OF GROWTH AND DISTRIBUTION 1 ‘The Kaleckian Model of Growth and Distribution and its Neo-Ricardian and Neo-Marxian Critiques’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 19 (6), December 1995, 789–818 2 2 ‘Traverse, Hysteresis, and Normal Rates of Capacity Utilization in Kaleckian Models of Growth and Distribution’, Review of Radical Political Economics, 28 (4), 1996, 113–47 32 3 ‘Kaleckian Effective Demand and Sraffian Normal Prices: Towards a Reconciliation’, Review of Political Economy, 15 (1), January 2003, 53–74 67 4 ‘Cadrisme within a Post-Keynesian Model of Growth and Distribution’, Review of Political Economy, 21 (3), July 2009, 369–91 89 5 ‘The Origins and Evolution of the Debate on Wage-Led and Profit-Led Regimes’, European Journal of Economics and Economic Policies: Intervention, 14 (2), 2017, 200–221. 112 6 ‘Interest Rates in Post-Keynesian Models of Growth and Distribution’, Metroeconomica, 46 (2), June 1995, 146–77 134 7 ‘The Neo-Pasinetti Theorem in Cambridge and Kaleckian Models of Growth and Distribution’, Eastern Economic Journal, 24 (4), Fall 1998, 419–36 166 8 ‘Capacity Utilization, Inflation, and Monetary Policy: The Duménil and Lévy Macro Model and the New Keynesian Consensus’, with P. Kriesler, Review of Radical Political Economics, 39 (4), Fall 2007, 586–98 184 PART II KALECKIAN MODELS WITH AUTONOMOUS NON-CAPACITY CREATING EXPENDITURES 9 ‘Convergence Towards the Normal Rate of Capacity Utilization in Neo-Kaleckian Models: The Role of Non-Capacity Creating Autonomous Expenditures’, Metroeconomica, 67 (1), 2016, 172–201 198 10 ‘Long-Run Convergence in a Neo-Kaleckian Open-Economy Model with Autonomous Export Growth’, with W.J. Nah, Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 40 (2), 2017, 223–38 228 11 ‘Convergence in a Neo-Kaleckian Model with Endogenous Technical Progress and Autonomous Demand Growth’, with W.J. Nah, Review of Keynesian Economics, 7 (3), September 2019, 275–91 244 12 ‘The Role of Autonomous Demand Growth in a Neo-Kaleckian Conflicting- Claims Framework’, with W.J. Nah, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 51, December 2019, 427–44 261 13 ‘Overhead Labour Costs in a Neo-Kaleckian Growth Model with Autonomous Non-Capacity Creating Expenditures’, with W.J. Nah, Review of Political Economy, 32 (4), 2020, 511–37 279 14 ‘Trends and Business Cycles with External Markets: Non-Capacity Generating Semi-Autonomous Expenditures and Effective Demand’, with B. Fiebiger, Metroeconomica, 70 (2), May 2019, 247–62. 306 PART III TWO-SECTOR GROWTH MODELS 15 ‘The Hicksian Traverse as a Process of Reproportioning: Some Structural Dynamics’, with J. Henry, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 8 (2), June 1997, 157–75 323 16 ‘Pasinetti’s Vertically Hyper-Integrated Sectors and Natural Prices’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 21 (4), July 1997, 453–68 342 17 ‘Traverse in a Two-Sector Kaleckian Model of Growth with Target-Return Pricing’, with P. Ramírez-Gastón, Manchester School of Economic and Social Studies, 65 (2), March 1997, 145–69 357 18 ‘Demand-Led Growth and Long-Run Convergence in a Neo-Kaleckian Two- Sector Model’, with J.H. Kim, Korean Economic Review, 33 (1), Summer 2017, 179–206 382 Index

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Book SynopsisHealing the economic and social wounds inflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic will take time, but the long road to recovery presents a unique opportunity to build back better. To catalyze change and succeed in the post-pandemic era, economic development policy and practice must see the crisis as an opportunity to rethink and redesign regional economic systems. This will involve creating a shared understanding of – and policies to address – the differential impacts of the pandemic across occupations, industries, and socioeconomic groups.Rethinking how existing economic development tools, frameworks, and practices can be optimized has never been more compelling. Special attention must be given to interventions capable of accelerating desirable trends that will shape the next normal in our contemporary discussions on the COVID-19 pandemic. This book explores the challenges and opportunities heralded by the virus in the broadest sense and presents case studies on equitable and inclusive economic recoveries.Regional Economic Systems after COVID-19 offers actionable insights for regional policymakers, business leaders, investment and trade promotion agencies, site selectors, students, scholars, researchers, and organizations involved in tourism, foreign direct investment, and economic development.Table of ContentsContents: PART I THE ECONOMIC REDESIGN IMPERATIVE 1 Introduction: the economic redesign imperative 2 Fred Olayele PART II OCCUPATIONAL IDENTITY, REGIONAL RESPONSES, AND POPULATION DENSITY 2 Striving despite disruption: young people’s occupational identity and economic opportunity during COVID-19 10 Jaclyn Kelly and Anindya Kundu 3 COVID-19 in New Zealand: consequences, policies, and regional responses 41 David Wilson, Patrick McVeigh and Harvey Brookes 4 The overblown role of population density in the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City 67 Yu Zhong and Bertrand Teirlinck PART III EQUITABLE AND INCLUSIVE ECONOMIC RECOVERIES AND CASE STUDIES 5 Gender equality as an economic imperative in a post-pandemic era 94 Bernadette Maria Antão Fernandes and Herb Emery 6 The imperative of childcare provision as critical infrastructure 112 Melissa Pumphrey and Poorvi Goel 7 The future of work and inclusion: case studies and takeaways for economic developers 133 Swati Ghosh and Louise Anderson PART IV FACTOR REALLOCATION AND REGIONAL INNOVATION ECOSYSTEMS 8 Modeling decreased labor access after the COVID-19 pandemic: economic, social, and demographic implications 149 Jeffrey Dykes, Billy Leung and Fred Olayele 9 Neighborhood vulnerability in critical infrastructure and services 168 Kyle Marks and Joyce Jauer 10 Clusters and regional transformation: establishing actionable forward agendas 186 Ifor Ffowcs-Williams 11 The global visitor economy and resilience challenge: Mallorca’s destination resurgence in perspective 203 Fergus T. Maclaren and Bartomeu Deya Canals 12 FDI, innovation superclusters, and value creation in Canada’s ocean sector 225 Fred Olayele Index 236

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Book SynopsisThis volume presents thirteen chapters prepared by senior researchers and former policy makers on key policy issues confronting China and the West. They focus on the role of the state in economic development, trade issues and the part played by innovation, digitalization and leadership.In a challenging and rapidly changing world, the book aims to provide not only authoritative analyses and perspectives, but to stimulate further thinking and debates about the common future. Each chapter is in the form of a short policy brief.China and the West is aimed for policy makers, business leaders, academics and students.Trade Review'A timely and thought-provoking evaluation of the key policy dilemmas in China and the West. This edited volume, with contributions from leading academics, advances our understanding of topics as diverse as ''murky'' protection, sustainability, artificial intelligence, and local government evaluation.' -- Saul Estrin, London School of Economics, UKTable of ContentsContents: 1 Introduction 1 Jan Svejnar and Justin Yifu Lin PART I RECENT POLICIES AND PERFORMANCE 2 Path to prosperity: China’s transition to market economy in the last four decades 5 Justin Yifu Lin 3 China’s performance and prospects in the world economy 14 Jan Svejnar 4 The role of the state in economic growth 20 Jacob Lew 5 Reflections on the global financial crisis: a comparison of US and China policies 29 Frank Song 6 Policies for structural reform in China: domestic rebalancing for strong sustainable and inclusive growth within and beyond China 39 Ehtisham Ahmad, Isabella Neuweg, Nicholas Stern and Chunping Xie PART II TRADE, TENSIONS AND DIVISION OF LABOR 7 The potential for cooperation and competition in international trade: recent trade growth and driving factors – a perspective on current global trade tensions 60 Robert Koopman 8 Overview of China–US Economic Disputes in 2018 69 Feng Lu 9 The metabolic nature of changing world order 93 Ping Chen 10 India and China in the context of rising trade tensions in the global economy 112 Arvind Panagariya PART III DIGITALIZATION AND LEADERSHIP 11 The role of innovation and the digital economy: new opportunities and challenges for Chinese, US and European economic policy 120 Edmund Phelps 12 The digitalisation of Europe’s economy 125 Debora Revoltella, Philipp Brutscher and Tessa Bending 13 Prospects for China’s drive for innovation: From the perspective of demographics 135 Jianzhang Liang 14 Evaluation of local leaders in China 148 Chong-En Bai and Eric Maskin Index

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Book SynopsisThis book of selected essays presents constructive analyses of vital economic problems confronting the United States since the 1970s, giving special attention to challenges facing working families. The analyses, produced by Charles Whalen over three decades, address the causes and consequences of macroeconomic instability, job offshoring, community economic dislocation, financialization, and income inequality. They also explore the various dimensions of worker insecurity and underscore the dynamics of an ever-changing economy. The result is a compelling case for reforming capitalism by addressing workers’ interests as an integral part of the common good, and for reconstructing economics in the direction of post-Keynesian institutionalism.Whalen’s reformist approach builds not only on the institutional economics of John R. Commons, but also on the post-Keynesianism of Hyman Minsky, who stressed that society should be democratic and humane. To that end, the book gives attention to policy-making processes as well as policy details.Scholars and students of economics and labor studies will appreciate the incisive analyses and real-world focus. Historians and economic sociologists will be interested in the book’s attention to the evolution of US capitalism; and policy analysts and concerned citizens will welcome its emphasis on economic reform and optimistic vision for our economic future.Trade Review‘This is an outstanding collection relevant to a large audience. A talent Whalen has demonstrated throughout his career is the ability to undertake complex economic analysis in approachable prose, making this text relevant and accessible. Its pluralist approach broadens the potential audience, overcoming disciplinary silos. Its accessibility makes this an excellent option for those teaching undergraduate courses, wanting their students to get a deep understanding of the works of Commons, Minsky, and ultimately a Post-Keynesian Institutionalist approach without having to wade through many primary texts. This text offers a starting point for graduate students, early career academics, and anyone interested in gaining a deep understanding of Post-Keynesian Institutional analysis.’ -- Jacob Powell, Review of Keynesian Economics‘Long before the problems of increasing inequality and worker insecurity captured the attention of the mainstream, Charles Whalen’s work offered unique insights into these problems. Deploying a synthesis of institutional and post-Keynesian economics, which he helped develop, Whalen identifies the culprits: financialization and the rise of money manager capitalism. This volume will delight the reader with a rich historical and evolutionary analysis of the most pressing issues of our time.’ -- Pavlina R. Tcherneva, Bard College and Levy Economics Institute, US‘The essays in Charles Whalen's book are a thoughtful and original exploration of institutional and post-Keynesian economics. Whalen draws fresh insights from the writings of John R. Commons, Hyman Minsky, and others, offering them as correctives to the anomic libertarianism of mainstream economics. Throughout his career, Whalen has honed his analytical approach to devise economic policies for a more stable and equitable economy.’ -- Sanford M. Jacoby, University of California, Los Angeles, US‘Shortcomings of contemporary capitalism in the US and beyond confront us crisis after crisis. Extending Veblen, Commons, Keynes, Minsky and other institutionalists, Whalen offers a pathway towards a reformed capitalism, consistent with democracy, the common good and advancing worker well-being. This collection is essential reading on heterodox economics explanations of economic insecurity, inequality and how to address the consequences of neoliberalism and financialization through stakeholder engagement in public policy formulation.’ -- Robin Mansell, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK‘The articles and essays collected in this volume offer an original and insightful perspective on contemporary economic debates. They develop a way of thinking about the economy almost totally eclipsed in the last several decades by neoliberal market fundamentalism. The book is written in a language which is easily accessible to the layman, but is also a serious scholarly endeavor, which seeks to bridge the gap between microeconomics and the macroeconomic theory that grew out of Keynes's General Theory, a gap the bulk of the profession has tried to overcome with an increasingly arcane market theory.’ -- Michael J. Piore, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, US‘This volume brings together 30 years of perceptive essays by Charles Whalen that, taken together, exhibit the breadth and depth of his thinking. Whalen keeps a steady focus on real world challenges facing American workers—challenges that rhyme over the decades if they don’t exactly repeat—and on policy reforms that would improve their well-being.’ -- Eileen Appelbaum, Center for Economic and Policy Research, US‘Whalen draws on a wealth of experience as researcher, journalist and policy analyst to offer a reconstructed blend of post-Keynesian institutional economics. That’s the right mix and definitely worth exploring.’ -- Lawrence Mishel, Economic Policy Institute, US‘Charles Whalen, one of the very rare co-authors of Hyman Minsky, is among the main representatives of the institutionalist strand of post-Keynesian economics. Here, inspired by John R. Commons and Minsky, he offers 30 years of reflections and engagement about the evolution of capitalist economies and their economic policies.’ -- Marc Lavoie, University of Ottawa, Canada and University of Sorbonne Paris Nord, FranceTable of ContentsContents: Foreword Glen Atkinson PART I INTRODUCTION 1. Reforming capitalism: economics at the crossroads of institutionalism and post-Keynesianism PART II RECONSTRUCTING ECONOMICS 2. Economics must change: workforce insecurity and the need for a new political economy 3. The institutional approach to political economy 4. Post-Keynesian economics: a pluralistic alternative to conventional economics PART III EXPLORING THE CONTEMPORARY RELEVANCE OF JOHN R. COMMONS 5. Economic insecurity and the problem-solving approach of John R. Commons 6. Saving capitalism by making it good: the monetary economics of John R. Commons 7. Social security: a view from beyond the beltway 8. Sending jobs offshore from the United States: what are the consequences? 9. Social unionism in western New York: the case of the Economic Development Group 10. Full employment with liberty: John R. Commons’s perspective and its continuing relevance 11. Human resources: the key to institutional economics after the Great Recession 12. John R. Commons and government as employer of last resort: three paths to a progressive right to work 13. The “middle way” of John R. Commons: pursuing reasonable value in the age of unreason PART IV STANDING ON THE SHOULDERS OF HYMAN MINSKY 14. Stabilizing the unstable economy: Minsky and Simons on business cycle theory and policy 15. Budget amendment offers toxin, not tonic 16. Destabilizing an unstable economy: the erosion of automatic stabilizers Co-authored by Jeffrey Wenger 17. Money manager capitalism and the end of shared prosperity 18. Integrating Schumpeter and Keynes: Hyman Minsky’s theory of capitalist development 19. Money manager capitalism: still here, but not quite as expected 20. A Minsky perspective on the global recession of 2009 21. Economic policy for the real world 22. Minsky goes to Buffalo—and takes on the economics establishment PART V INTEGRATING INSTITUTIONAL AND POST‑KEYNESIAN ECONOMICS 23. Post‑Keynesian institutionalism: past, present, and future 24. The post-Keynesian institutionalism of Wallace Peterson 25. Financialization and income inequality: a post-Keynesian institutionalist analysis Co-authored by David A. Zalewski 26. Post-Keynesian institutionalism and the failure of neoliberalism Index

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Book SynopsisPresenting an in-depth overview of the foundations and developments of post-Keynesian macroeconomics since Kalecki and Keynes, this timely book develops a comprehensive post-Keynesian macroeconomic model with the respective macroeconomic policy mix for achieving non-inflationary full employment. The different versions of the model for closed and open economies are concerned with the key areas of macroeconomics, such as full employment, constant inflation and external balance. Eckhard Hein expertly illustrates how to embed these post-Keynesian macroeconomics and macroeconomic policies into the post-Keynesian research programme more generally, whilst also providing a review of its methods and historical roots. Furthermore, the book links post-Keynesian short-run macroeconomics to long-run distribution and growth theories. Finally, it applies these theoretical approaches to the current research on macroeconomic regimes and regime changes within finance-dominated capitalism and on the macroeconomic challenges of the ecological crisis and of the required socio-ecological transformation. This book will be a crucial read for academics and graduate students interested in post-Keynesian macroeconomics. Providing a thought-provoking alternative to orthodox economic policies, this will also be of interest to policy advisers and politicians.Trade Review‘Macroeconomics After Kalecki and Keynes has certainly achieved the task that Eckhard Hein had set for himself, that is, to provide “a comprehensive and teachable post-Keynesian macroeconomic model, which includes the main features of post-Keynesian macroeconomics and from which a full macroeconomic policy mix for monetary policy, fiscal policy and wage or incomes policies can be derived” (Hein, p. ix). The book is a remarkable achievement.’ -- Review of Political Economy (ROPE)‘At a time when conventional macroeconomic theories and policies have visibly failed to promote sustainable and equitable economic growth, Eckhard Hein’s brilliant new book provides the most lucid synthesis to date of a comprehensive and progressive alternative: the post-Keynesian approach. Hein builds a complete short-run macro model connecting money, credit, output, inflation and the balance of payments, which he deftly applies to construct an alternative policy paradigm for stabilizing prices while maintaining full employment and external balance. The author then uses this foundation as a springboard to explore advanced issues about long-run growth, income distribution, financial instability, policy-induced stagnation and ecological sustainability. Hein’s clear presentation and persuasive analysis will make this volume an indispensable reference for university students, professional economists and economic policy makers for years to come.’ -- Robert A. Blecker, American University, Washington DC, US‘Macroeconomics After Keynes and Kalecki is a tour de force. It systematically theorizes the short-term outcomes and required policy responses on which macro instruction – and student interest in the field – typically focuses, linking this analysis to longer-term growth dynamics and associated concerns with financialization and ecological sustainability. The book will be of lasting value to all serious students of macroeconomics.’ -- Mark Setterfield, New School for Social Research, New York, US‘This book provides a great guide to the vibrancy of post Keynesian macroeconomic analysis in the traditions of Kalecki and Keynes. Particularly welcome is that Eckhard Hein shows how post-Keynesian macroeconomic analyses has developed to incorporate issues of inequality and gender, and contributes to the studies of financialisation and confronting the major ecological issues.’ -- Malcolm Sawyer, Emeritus Professor of Economics, University of Leeds, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Introduction to post-Keynesian economics: methods, history and current state 3. The principle of effective demand, money, credit and finance: Marx, Kalecki, Keynes and the monetary circuit school 4. Post-Keynesian constant price macroeconomic models 5. Post-Keynesian macroeconomic models with conflict inflation 6. A post-Keynesian co-ordinated macroeconomic policy mix 7. From short-run macroeconomics to long-run distribution and growth: a systematic comparison of different paradigms and approaches 8. Macroeconomic demand and growth regimes in finance-dominated capitalism, stagnation tendencies and the macroeconomic policy regimes 9. Facing ecological constraints: implications and challenges for short- and long-run macroeconomic stability and macroeconomic policies 10. Perspectives for post-Keynesian economics Index

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Book SynopsisPolicy makers give a lot of attention to business creation and entrepreneurship, but they do not have a good resource for understanding The Truth about Entrepreneurship. The extensive media coverage of Wall Street entrepreneurship provides an incomplete portrayal of most business creation. While both high profile and everyday new firms provide major contributions to economic growth, the ongoing, bottoms-up activity pursued by over half a billion around the world is not widely recognized. This book reviews some of the most salient features of grass roots business creation, such as the total amount of activity, differences related to national economic development, the relationship to business churning and job creation, the impact of national context, the mixed contributions of high growth firms, the modest effect of external financial support, the unequal distribution of sunk costs related to successful payback, importance as an option for the most desperate in poor countries, and the tendency to overlook the continuing incremental impact of Main Street business creation. Entrepreneurial scholars, faculty, policy analysts and graduate students interested in economic development, entrepreneurship and public policy will find clarity and gain a depth of knowledge about policymaking and business creation with The Truth about Entrepreneurship.Trade Review'A comprehensive account of business creation and its role in society by the architect behind the largest research programs on entrepreneurship in the world. Reynolds covers a multitude of important aspects of entrepreneurship - from grassroots to grandiose - underpinned by solid data.' --Per Davidsson, QUT Business School, Australia and Jönköping University, Sweden'Truth is always illuminating, and never more so than understanding what is true concerning entrepreneurship, where myths too often prevail over the truth concerning this essential source of prosperity. Paul's book is now the definitive source of this truth and is indispensable for anyone who wants to help the world become more prosperous.' --Derek Lidow, Princeton University, US'Entrepreneurship (business creation) is a wide-spread human activity that currently involves 600 million people starting about 400 million new ventures, word-wide. Paul Reynold's new book The Truth About Entrepreneurship provides essential facts and insights about how and why entrepreneurship occurs across the globe and offers policy makers and others critical knowledge about this important economic and social activity. This book, and his earlier text, Business Creation, are critical resources for anyone who wants a comprehensive understanding of the process and characteristics of entrepreneurship and its value for economic and social growth and change.' --William B. Gartner, Babson College, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Business Creation: Wall Street and Main Street 2. Business Creation: Scope and Stability 3. Business Creation and Economic Growth: Churning is Good 4. New Firms are the Major Source of New Jobs 5. Different National Development: Different Business Creation 6. Context Counts, But May be Hard to Change 7. Growth Firms and Job Redistribution 8. Money is Necessary, But Not Sufficient 9. Everyone Pays, Some Benefit a Lot 10. An Important Option for the Desperate 11. New Firms: Change Agents Hiding in Plain Sight Appendix A Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) Program Appendix B U.S. Regional Business Dynamics Data Set Appendix C U.S. Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics (PSED) Program References Index

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Book SynopsisThis timely book offers a concise summary of new developmentalism, exploring this in the context of both heterodox economics and political economy. It adopts a historical–structural method that is critical of orthodox or Neoclassical Economics. Luis Carlos Bresser-Pereira delves into the roots of new developmentalism from the quasi-stagnation of middle-income countries, covering how it developed from Marxian economics, post-Keynesian economics and Classical Structuralism.Innovative in its approach and coverage, Bresser-Pereira first introduces the method and the schools relevant to new developmentalism, before moving on to look at how it can revolutionise political economy, economics and growth economics. Chapters explore the capitalist revolution, the phases of capitalist development and class coalitions, micro- and macro-economics, and the importance of the exchange rate in determining investment and growth. The book concludes with a forward-looking synopsis of the ways in which new developmentalism is both green and social.This will be a critical read for heterodox economics students and scholars, as well as economics students more widely. Its practical implications will also make this an invigorating read for economists looking to better understand new developmentalism and its potential impacts.Trade Review‘This is the fruit of decades of not only thinking and reading but of the author's experience as a public servant. Ranging from an overview of development thinking to detailed policy proposals, it offers several deeply illuminating analyses and clear-headed, realistic, prescriptions. A magnum opus.’ -- Adam Przeworski, New York University, US‘New Developmentalism will – or should – become a landmark in the literature about economic development. The book places ND in explicit contrast to several other approaches to economics, including neoclassical, Post-Keynesian, and Classical Structuralism – both in abstract terms and in the political-economy conditions in which each became widely accepted, for a time. In particular, ND explains why Latin American countries have quasi-stagnated since the 1980s, while East Asian countries have continued to grow fast. One of the key elements, under-stressed in other approaches, is the managed exchange rate.’ -- Robert H. Wade, London School of Economics, UKTable of ContentsContents: Introduction to New Developmentalism 1 The method and the schools 2 The developmental schools and anti-imperialism 3 The capitalist revolution and the developmental state 4 Forms and phases of capitalist development 5 New developmentalism’s microeconomics 6 Macroeconomics and austerity 7 The interest rate 8 Inflation and the limitations of economics 9 The profit rate and the wage rate 10 Determining the exchange rate 11 Growth and stagnation 12 Policy of current account deficit 13 Foreign exchange, investment and growth 14 The Dutch disease and its neutralization 15 Green and social References

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Book SynopsisFollowing the peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia, the Slovak Republic emerged as an independent nation and embarked on a journey of economic transition and reform. During the thirty early years of independence, Slovakia faced many challenges, including establishing new economic policies, institutions, and legal frameworks.Modeling Economic Growth in Contemporary Slovakia analyses various aspects of Slovakia''s economy, including recent developments and events such as the COVID-19 pandemic and war in Ukraine. The chapters also highlight issues that arise from the current economic model, making it difficult for Slovakia to revitalize and adapt the economy to new circumstances.This volume is a must-read for professionals and academics who wish to comprehend the basis of Slovakia''s growth and forecast its viability in the coming years.Entrepreneurship and Global Economic Growth presents modern examinations of economic growth at national, regio

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Book SynopsisThe recent Covid-19 pandemic and recent economic and political turbulences exacerbate issues related to the economic and political resilience of countries. In this context, digitalization and productivity improvement, the development of the labour market and human capital, as well as regional disparities, and economic and social stratification, need special attention by policymakers and businesses. Adequate solutions to these issues will contribute to the enhancement of the competitiveness of Europe.The chapters collected here examine the economic development, main experiences, lessons learned, and the challenges and perspectives ahead of the new member states of the EU to identify the determinants of imbalances in the economic development of these countries.Contemporary Studies in Economic and Financial Analysis publishes a series of current and relevant themed volumes within the fields of economics and finance. Both disciplinary and interdisciplinary studies

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Book SynopsisPost-Keynesian Monetary Theory recaps Marc Lavoie's views on monetary theory over a 35-year period, seen from a post-Keynesian perspective. The book contains a collection of twenty previously published papers, as well as an introduction which explains how these papers came about and how they were received. All of the selected articles avoid mathematical formalism. Readers will find analyses of the earlier advocates of endogenous money such as Nicholas Kaldor and Jacques Le Bourva. They will discover how the arguments in support of the post-Keynesian theory of endogenous money and the credit view of banking have evolved through this 35-year period, and how they have been related to the new procedures pursued by central banks. All these essays show the relevance of the realistic post-Keynesian monetary theory in understanding the subprime and euro crises, quantitative easing and the distributional role of interest rates. Within these pages Marc Lavoie provides an overview of what has happened in post-Keynesian monetary economics over the last three and a half decades for students and scholars with interest in monetary economics, the horizontalist-structuralist debates and the recent history of economic thought.Trade Review'This collection of early essays on endogenous money by Marc Lavoie (and some later ones) is of the utmost importance. Marc s commentary on the essay about Jacques Le Bourva is pivotal - '...a theory [of] the endogeneity of money is insufficient...one also has to reject the existence of a natural rate of interest ...'' --John Smithin, York University, Toronto and Aurora Philosophy Institute, Canada'Marc Lavoie has been a leading post-Keynesian economist for a long time. This book presents a collection of important papers, published over four decades, in one of his areas of specialization, monetary theory. It contains path-breaking contributions to the theory of endogenous money and credit and to monetary policy analysis.' --Eckhard Hein, Berlin School of Economics and Law, Germany'This is a great collection of papers, written over four decades, displaying the many contributions which Marc Lavoie has made to the development of Post-Keynesian monetary theory. A highly recommended read of Marc's in-depth analyses of endogenous money and credit and contributions to policy debates.' --Malcolm Sawyer, Emeritus Professor of Economics, University of Leeds, UKTable of ContentsContents: Foreword Louis-Philippe Rochon Introduction Marc Lavoie PART I EARLIER AND EASIER WRITINGS 1 ‘The Endogenous Flow of Credit and the Post Keynesian Theory of Money’, Journal of Economic Issues , 18 (3), September 1984, 771–97 2 2 ‘The Post Keynesian Theory of Endogenous Money: A Reply’, Journal of Economic Issues , 19 (3), September 1985, 843–8 29 3 ‘Credit and Money: The Dynamic Circuit, Overdraft Economics, and Post- Keynesian Economics’, in M. Jarsulic (ed.), Money and Macro Policy , Kluwer- Nijhoff, Boston, 1985, 63–84 35 4 ‘A Primer on Endogenous Credit-Money’, in L.-P. Rochon and S. Rossi (eds), Modern Theories of Money: The Nature and Role of Money in Capitalist Economies , Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA, 2003, 506–43 57 PART II INSPIRING AUTHORS 5 ‘Change, Continuity, and Originality in Kaldor’s Monetary Theory’, in E.J. Nell and W. Semmler (eds), Nicholas Kaldor and Mainstream Economics: Confrontation or Convergence? , Macmillan, London, 1991, 259–78 96 6 ‘Jacques Le Bourva’s Theory of Endogenous Credit-Money’, Review of Political Economy , 4 (4), 1992, 436–46 116 7 ‘Eichner’s Monetary Economics: Ahead of Its Time’, in M. Lavoie, L.-P. Rochon and M. Seccareccia (eds), Money and Macrodynamics: Alfred Eichner and Post- Keynesian Economics , M.E. Sharpe, Armonk (NJ), 2010, 155–71 127 PART III IN DEFENSE OF HORIZONTALISM 8 ‘Monetary Policy in an Economy with Endogenous Credit Money’, in G. Deleplace and E.J. Nell (eds), Money in Motion: The Circulation and Post- Keynesian Approaches , Macmillan, London, 1996, 532–45 145 9 ‘Horizontalism, Structuralism, Liquidity Preference and the Principle of Increasing Risk’, Scottish Journal of Political Economy , 43 (3), August, 1996, 275–300 159 10 ‘The Credit-Led Supply of Deposits and the Demand for Money: Kaldor’s Reflux Mechanism as Previously Endorsed by Joan Robinson’, Cambridge Journal of Economics , 23 (1), January 1999, 103–13 185 11 ‘Endogenous Money: Accommodationist’, in P. Arestis and M. Sawyer (eds), Handbook on Alternative Monetary Economics , Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA, 2006, 17–34 196 PART IV THREE INNOVATING ARTICLES 12 ‘Monetary Base Endogeneity and the New Procedures of the Asset-Based Canadian and American Monetary Systems’, Journal of Post Keynesian Economics , Summer 2005, 27 (4), 689–709 215 13 ‘Towards a Post-Keynesian Consensus in Macroeconomics: Reconciling the Cambridge and Wall Street Views’, in E. Hein, T. Niechoj and E. Stockhammer (eds), Macroeconomic Policies on Shaky Foundations – Whither Mainstream Economics? , Metropolis-Verlag, Marburg, 2009, 75–99 236 14 ‘Fair Rates of Interest in Post-Keynesian Political Economy’, in J. Teixeira (ed.), Issues in Modern Political Economy , University of Brasilia Press, Brasilia, 1997, 123–37 261 PART V AFTER THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS 15 ‘Changes in Central Bank Procedures During the Subprime Crisis and Their Repercussions on Monetary Theory’, International Journal of Political Economy , 39 (3), Fall 2010, 3–23 277 16 ‘The Monetary and Fiscal Nexus of Neo-Chartalism: A Friendly Critique’, Journal of Economic Issues , 47 (1), March 2013, 1–31 298 17 ‘The Eurozone: Similarities to and Differences from Keynes’s Plan’, International Journal of Political Economy , 44 (1), Spring 2015, 3–17 329 18 ‘Rethinking Monetary Theory in Light of Keynes and the Crisis’, Brazilian Keynesian Review , 2 (2), 2016, 174–88 344 19 ‘Unconventional Monetary Policies, with a Focus on Quantitative Easing’, European Journal of Economics and Economic Policies: Intervention , Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA, 15 (2), 2018, 139–46 (with Brett Fiebiger) 359 PART VI A FINAL OVERVIEW 20 ‘Money, Credit and Central Banks in Post-Keynesian Economics’, in E. Hein and E. Stockhammer (eds), A Modern Guide to Keynesian Macroeconomics and Economic Policies , Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA, 2011, 34–60 368 Index

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Book SynopsisStudents in economics are ever more distressed by the disconnect between mainstream economics and the real world. This book shows how post-Keynesian economics constitutes a coherent heterodox alternative, based on realistic assumptions and the integration of the financial and real sides of the economy, with an emphasis on the many paradoxes that arise in a truly macroeconomic analysis.The book is a considerably revised and updated version of the widely used and frequently cited 2014 edition. It provides a comprehensive account of post-Keynesian theory and policy. Topics covered include its methodological foundations, consumer theory and choice under fundamental uncertainty, firms and pricing, money and credit, effective demand and employment, growth theory, open-economy issues, inflation theory. It also links with ecological economics. Scholars of economics, particularly post-Keynesian and heterodox economists, will find this comprehensive look at the field a necessary addition to their libraries, while students and instructors will find it a perfect text for any class on post-Keynesian economics.Trade ReviewWinner of the EAEPE Myrdal Prize (now the Joan Robinson Prize)‘Marc Lavoie’s thoroughly revised Post-Keynesian Economics provides an irrefutable critique of mainstream economics, which is becoming ever more recondite and irrelevant. But the book does much more, offering the clear prospect of an intellectual renewal of both micro- and macroeconomics, firmly founded on realistic assumptions relevant for a world of fundamental uncertainty and integrating finance and the real economy. Lavoie’s Post-Keynesian Economics, unparalleled in its coverage of establishment and post-Keynesian micro- and macroeconomics, is a work of lasting importance. An amazing feat.’ -- Servaas Storm, Delft University of Technology, the NetherlandsAcclaim for the first edition:‘I am delighted to have been invited to present a discussion of Marc Lavoie’s Post-Keynesian Economics: New Foundations. I was contemplating whether to give my short review, “it’s a brilliant book, you must buy it”, or my longer and more considered review, “it’s a brilliant book, you must buy it and I wish I had written it!” . . . It is a book every economist should have on his (or her) shelf, placed within easy reach.’ -- John McCombie, European Journal of Economics and Economic Policies: InterventionTable of ContentsContents: Notation used in the book Preface to the Second Edition 1. Essentials of heterodox and post-Keynesian economics 2. Theory of choice 3. Theory of the firm 4. Credit, money and central banks 5. Effective demand and employment 6. Accumulation and capacity 7. Open-economy macroeconomics 8. Inflation theory 9. Concluding remarks References Index

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Book SynopsisComprising specially commissioned essays, this Handbook provides an expansive overview of alternative theories of economic growth. It surveys major sub-fields (including classical, Kaleckian, evolutionary, and Kaldorian growth theories) and highlights cutting-edge issues such as the relationship between finance and growth, the interplay of trend and cycle, and stability issues in growth theory.Included in the text are comprehensive interpretations of subjects such as: the relationship between aggregate supply and demand and long run growth, the interaction of growth and technical change, and international and regional dimensions of growth. Alternative theories of economic growth represent a vibrant and ongoing research effort to understand the macrodynamics of capitalist economies. As such, this Handbook provides a valuable springboard for further research that will continue the development of these theories, inspiring both existing researchers and those new to the field to build upon the body of work the volume represents.The thought-provoking insights offered by the book?s thorough analysis will provide economists, graduate students, and advanced undergraduate students with a valuable reference.Table of ContentsContents: An Introduction to Alternative Theories of Economic Growth Mark Setterfield PART I: ALTERNATIVE THEORIES OF ECONOMIC GROWTH: AN OVERVIEW 1. The Structuralist Growth Model Bill Gibson 2. The Classical Theory of Growth and Distribution Duncan K. Foley and Thomas R. Michl 3. Evolutionary Growth Theory J. Stan Metcalfe and John Foster 4. The Post-Keynesian Theories of Growth and Distribution: A Survey Heinz D. Kurz and Neri Salvadori 5. Growth, Instability and Cycles: Harrodian and Kaleckian Models of Accumulation and Income Distribution Peter Skott 6. Surveying Short-run and Long-run Stability Issues with the Kaleckian Model of Growth Marc Lavoie 7. Kaldor and the Kaldorians John E. King 8. The Paths of Transformational Growth Davide Gualerzi PART II: AGGREGATE DEMAND, AGGREGATE SUPPLY AND LONG-RUN GROWTH 9. On Accounting Identities, Simulation Experiments and Aggregate Production Functions: A Cautionary Tale for (Neoclassical) Growth Theorists Jesus Felipe and John McCombie 10. The Endogenous Nature of the ‘Natural’ Rate of Growth Miguel A. León-Ledesma and Matteo Lanzafame 11. Reconciling the Growth of Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply Amitava Krishna Dutt PART III: ECONOMIC GROWTH AND TECHNICAL CHANGE 12. The Classical-Marxian Evolutionary Model of Technical Change: Application to Historical Tendencies Gérard Duménil and Dominique Lévy PART IV: MONEY, FINANCE AND GROWTH 13. ‘Financialisation’ in Post-Keynesian Models of Distribution and Growth: A Systematic Review Eckhard Hein and Till van Treeck 14. Inside Debt and Economic Growth: A Neo-Kaleckian Analysis Thomas I. Palley PART V: GROWTH AND DISTRIBUTION 15. Feasible Egalitarianism: Demand-led Growth, Labour and Technology C.W.M. Naastepad and Servaas Storm 16. Dissent-Driven Capitalism, Flexicurity Growth and Environmental Rehabilitation Peter Flaschel and Alfred Greiner 17. Profit Sharing, Capacity Utilization and Growth in a Post-Keynesian Macromodel Gilberto Tadeu Lima 18. Gender Equality and the Sustainability of Steady State Growth Paths Stephanie Seguino and Mark Setterfield PART VI: INTERNATIONAL AND REGIONAL DIMENSIONS OF GROWTH 19. Export-led Growth, Real Exchange Rates and the Fallacy of Composition Robert A. Blecker and Arslan Razmi 20. Trade and Economic Growth: A Latin American Perspective on Rhetoric and Reality Juan Carlos Moreno Brid and Esteban Pérez Caldentey 21. Endogenous Regional Growth: A Critical Survey Mark Roberts and Mark Setterfield Index

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Book SynopsisThis book addresses the foundations of economic growth at the firm level, combining both theoretical and econometric contributions by established scholars. Challenging contributions revisit Marshall?s view on the management of innovation, investigate the decision of firms to venture into entrepreneurship and clarify some misunderstanding about Schumpeter?s ideas. The book goes on to shed light on the classical specialisation-flexibility trade-off and provides a vision on the role of the knowledge-based economy and firm networks in technology development. Firm survival and performance, price-cost margins and the determinants of research intensity are also investigated econometrically. novation, Economic Growth and the Firm will be of great relevance to students and academics involved in research projects that address issues of firm growth, behaviour and performance. It will also appeal to practitioners seeking tangible results concerning the relationship between key economic variables at the firm level, and to policymakers who need to be aware of the impact that changes in the organization of industries and markets may have on the performance of firms.Trade Review‘Gaffard and Salies have brought together an outstanding collection of papers that connects two fields of research usually only considered in isolation: the entrepreneurial restructuring of firms and markets and the growth process of the firm. Recognizing the interaction between the two is crucial for understanding how economic progress comes about today. What leading scholars from each of the fields have to say in this book on the connection makes for the most stimulating and illuminating reading with great relevance for policy making in Europe and America.’ -- Ulrich Witt, Max Planck Institute of Economics and University of Jena, GermanyTable of ContentsContents: Preface PART I: EVOLUTIONARY THEORIES OF THE FIRM 1. The Open, Evolving Economy: Alfred Marshall on Knowledge, Management and Innovation Stanley J. Metcalfe 2. Hicks and Richardson on Industrial Change: Analysis and Policy Mario Amendola, Sergio Bruno and Jean-Luc Gaffard PART II: FIRMS’ FORMATION AND GROWTH 3. SMEs, Industry Dynamics and Economic Growth David Audretsch, Taylor Aldridge and Adam Lederer 4. Some Significant Slips in Schumpeter’s Scenario William Baumol 5. Market Selection Along the Firm Life Cycle Flora Bellone, Patrick Musso, Lionel Nesta and Michel Quéré 6. A Test of the Schumpeterian Hypothesis in a Panel of European Electric Utilities Evens Salies PART III: FIRMS’ PERFORMANCE AND INDUSTRIAL DYNAMICS 7. Jack of All Trades or Master of One? The Specialization–Flexibility Trade-off Rodolphe Dos Santos Ferreira and Ehud Zuscovitch 8. Division of Labour and Division of Knowledge in Firms’ Innovative Networks: An Essay on Ehud Zuscovitch’s Theoretical Perspectives Patrick Cohendet, Jean-Alain Héraud and Patrick Llerena 9. The Implementation of National Competition Policy Law and the Dynamics of Price–Cost Margins: Evidence from Belgium and the Netherlands 1993–1999 Jozef Konings, Patrick Van Cayseele and Frédéric Warzynski 10. Export Prices and Increasing World Competition: Evidence from French, German, and Italian Pricing Behaviour Sarah Guillou and Stefano Schiavo Index

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Book SynopsisThis Handbook provides breakthrough analyses on an important, cutting-edge topic: the connections between the legal system, both in substance and process, and innovation and growth. Arguably the most important intellectual development in legal scholarship and judicial decision-making over the past four decades has been the increasing use of economic modes of analysis in legal reasoning. The Handbook on Law, Innovation and Growth sheds new light on the linkages between innovation, growth and the legal system, answering questions that will help policymakers better understand and implement the law in an effort to advance economic welfare. This Handbook brings together many prominent scholars to examine the features of the legal infrastructure that affect both innovation and growth. Individual chapters explore different legal subject areas, in most cases offering recommendations for rule changes that could accelerate growth, primarily in the context of the US economy. The introductory chapter cohesively ties all of the contributions together and explains why it is time for legal scholarship and research to move in a new direction.Surpassing other literature on the subject, this landmark Handbook is certainly a critical volume for any student or scholar of law and economics.Table of ContentsContents: 1. Is the Law Dynamically Efficient? Robert E. Litan 2. The Role of the Entrepreneur in Economic Growth Daniel F. Spulber 3. Integrity and Innovation in the Public Capital Markets: A Survey of the Securities Law Literature James C. Spindler 4. Securities Litigation and Innovation Richard A. Booth 5. Incentives for Innovation: Bankruptcy, Corporate Governance, and Compensation Systems Florian Ederer and Gustavo Manso 6. Intellectual Property Rights and Economic Progress: A Review of the Literature Jonathan D. Putnam and Andrew B. Tepperman 7. Torts and Innovation Gideon Parchomovsky and Alex Stein 8. Do Patents Matter? Empirical Evidence on the Incentive Thesis Jonathan M. Barnett 9. Why Do Entrepreneurs Patent? Ted M. Sichelman and Stuart J.H. Graham 10. National Technology Transfer Mechanisms Dov Greenbaum 11. Controlling the Means of Innovation: The Centrality of Private Ordering Arrangements for Innovators and Entrepreneurs Sean O’Connor 12. The Value of Lawyers as Members of Entrepreneurial Teams Anthony J. Luppino Index

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Book SynopsisToday, economic growth is widely understood to be conditioned by productivity increases which are, in turn, profoundly affected by innovation. This volume explores these key relationships between innovation and growth, bringing together experts from both fields to compile a unique Handbook. The Handbook considers innovation from fresh perspectives, encompassing topics such as services innovation, inward investment and innovation, creative industry innovation and green innovation. It is divided into seven sections, dealing with regional innovation and growth theory, dynamics, evolution, agglomeration, innovation 'worlds', innovation system institutions, and innovation governance and policy. This definitive compendium on regional innovation and growth will undoubtedly appeal to teachers, students, researchers and practitioners of innovation and growth dynamics worldwide.Contributors: M. Abreu, E.S. Andersen, Y. Aoyama, B. Asheim, S. Bagchi-Sen, M. Bellandi, F. Belussi, R. Boschma, N. Bosma, S. Breschi, R. Capello, C. Carrincazeaux, J.L. Christensen, P. Cooke, M. Coris, O. Crevoisier, L. De Propris, A. Eriksson, D. Felsenstein, A. Frenkel, K. Frenken, E. Giuliani, V. Harmaakorpi, M. Heidenreich, R. Horner, S. Iammarino, A. Isaksen, A. James, M. Klofsten, K. Koschatzky, A. Lagendijk, L. Lazzeretti, E. Malecki, R. Martin, H. Melkas, C. Nauwelaers, S. Öberg, P. Prud'homme van Reine, S. Ptak, S. Rosenfeld, V. Schutjens, D. Schwartz, D. Shefer, J. Simmie, E. Stam, M. Steiner, P. Sunley, G. Tichy, F. Tödtling, M. Trippl, T. Tura, E. Vatne, D. WolfeTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction to the Handbook of Regional Innovation and Growth Philip Cooke, Bjørn Asheim, Ron Boschma, Ron Martin, Dafna Schwartz and Franz Tödtling PART I: REGIONAL INNOVATION THEORY Introduction Bjørn Asheim and Dafna Schwartz 2. Schumpeter and Regional Innovation Esben Sloth Andersen 3. Neo-Schumpeterian Perspectives on Innovation and Growth David Wolfe 4. Regional Agglomeration and Growth: The Classical Approach Eirik Vatne 5. Innovation, Product Life Cycle and Diffusion: Vernon and Beyond Gunther Tichy 6. Perspectives on Mature Marshallian Industrial Districts Marco Bellandi 7. The New Marshallian Districts and their Process of Internationalization Fiorenza Belussi PART II: REGIONAL INNOVATION AND GROWTH DYNAMICS Introduction Philip Cooke, Franz Tödtling and Dafna Schwartz 8. Innovation and Productivity: Local Competitiveness and the Role of Space Roberta Capello 9. Human Capital and Labour Mobility Determinants of Regional Innovation Daniel Felsenstein 10. The Geography of Knowledge Flows Stefano Breschi 11. Regional Innovation and Diversity Simona Iammarino 12. Networks of Innovation Elisa Giuliani 13. From Regional Anchors to Anchoring Lisa De Propris and Olivier Crevoisier PART III: REGIONAL INNOVATION AND EVOLUTION Introduction Ron Boschma and Ron Martin 14. Technological Relatedness, Related Variety and Economic Geography Ron Boschma and Koen Frenken 15. Regional Economies as Path-Dependent Systems: Some Issues and Implications Ron Martin 16. Absorptive Capacity in a Regional Context Maria Abreu 17. Regional Knowledge Networks Michael Steiner 18. Regional Competitiveness: From Endowments to Externalities to Evolution Ron Martin 19. Regional Cultural Economy: Evolution and Innovation Al James PART IV: AGGLOMERATION AND INNOVATION Introduction Philip Cooke and Bjørn Asheim 20. Proximity and Innovation Christophe Carrincazeaux and Marie Coris 21. The Changing Form and Geography of Social Capital Stuart Rosenfeld 22. Cluster Evolution Arne Isaksen 23. Transversality and Regional Innovation Platforms Philip Cooke 24. Technology Clusters Edward Malecki PART V: REGIONAL WORLDS OF INNOVATION Introduction Philip Cooke and Dafna Schwartz 25. Worlds of Production: Conventions and the Microfoundations of Regional Economies Peter Sunley 26. Culture as a Source for Growth and Change: Some Evidences from Cultural Clusters in Andalusia Luciana Lazzeretti 27. Service Innovation Yuko Aoyama and Rory Horner 28. Regional Services Innovation Philip Cooke 29. Open Innovation and Regional Growth Peter Prud’homme van Reine 30. Foreign Direct Investment and Regional Innovation Philip Cooke and Dafna Schwartz 31. Innovation Systems in Emerging Economies: The Case of India Scott Ptak and Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen 32. Green Innovation Philip Cooke PART VI: REGIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM INSTITUTIONS Introduction Dafna Schwartz and Franz Tödtling 33. Regional Innovation Systems Franz Tödtling and Michaela Trippl 34. Intermediaries in Regional Innovation Systems: Role and Challenges for Policy Claire Nauwelaers 35. Regional Entrepreneurship Niels Bosma, Veronique Schutjens and Erik Stam 36. Venture Capital in Regional Innovation and Growth Jesper Lindgaard Christensen 37. Regional Entrepreneurship Development: Promoting Spin-offs through Coaching and Mentoring Magnus Klofsten and Staffan Öberg 38. Regional Innovation and Incubation: The Technological Incubators Programme for Entrepreneurship and Innovation Daniel Shefer and Amnon Frenkel PART VII: REGIONAL INNOVATION POLICY Introduction Philip Cooke and Ron Boschma 39. Regional Innovation Governance Martin Heidenreich and Knut Koschatzky 40. Learning Regions James Simmie 41. Regional Innovation Platforms Vesa Harmaakorpi, Tomi Tura and Helinä Melkas 42. Regional Innovation Policy and Dramaturgy Philip Cooke 43. Design-Driven Regional Innovation Philip Cooke and Arne Eriksson 44. Regional Innovation Policy between Theory and Practice Arnoud Lagendijk Index

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Book SynopsisThe introduction of endogenous growth theory has led to new interest in the role of the entrepreneur as an agent driving technical change at the local regional level. This book examines theoretical and methodological issues surrounding the interface of the entrepreneur in regional growth dynamics on the one hand and on the other presents illuminating case studies. In total the book’s contributions amplify understanding of such critical issues as the relationship between innovation and entrepreneurship, the entrepreneur’s role in transforming knowledge into something economically useful, and knowledge commercialization with both conceptual and empirical contributions.The emergence of endogenous growth theory has unleashed a flurry of new hypotheses and related inquiries that have in turn created an exciting dynamic in the conceptual, theoretical and empirical foundations of the field. A central feature has been the recognition that local initiatives matter in how regions grow and adjust to changes and shocks. Moreover, it is the role of technical change, driven by entrepreneurs, that motivates these initiatives. This volume begins by outlining and explaining the theory and method behind entrepreneurship and development. This is followed by specific case studies of practice and policy. These cases are region specific, offering the reader concrete, empirically based research results. Scholars and students in economics, entrepreneurship and public policy will find this volume a valuable tool in understanding the latest research in regional economic development.Trade Review‘This volume is a timely and well-rounded contribution to the literature on the role of entrepreneurship in regional economic development. It should not be confused with several other publications with similar titles and entrances to this field and the editors offer a strong rationale for considering this book for purchase. . . Such a publication is somewhat overdue as there are few such book collections on the market setting discussions about entrepreneurship into a regional context.’ -- Mike Danson, International Journal of Entrepreneurship & InnovationTable of ContentsContents: PART I: THEORY AND METHODS IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND DEVELOPMENT 1. New Directions in Regional Economic Development: An Introduction Roger R. Stough, Sameeksha Desai and Peter Nijkamp 2. The Entrepreneur in Economic Theory Ronald W. McQuaid 3. A Contemporary Perspective on Public Sector Venture Capitalism John Sacco and Odd J. Stalebrink 4. Determinants and Impact of Entrepreneurship Capital: The Spatial Dimension and a Comparison of Different Econometric Approaches David Audretsch, Werner Bönte and Max Keilbach 5. The Design of Industrial Models: Addressing Cooperative Behaviours, Innovation and Public Policy Maria Teresa de Noronha Vaz 6. Differentials in Industrial Structure and Human Capital Performance Across Australia’s Regions and the Settlement System Robert J. Stimson 7. Innovation Clusters Linking Regions Brigitte Preissl PART II: CASE STUDIES INCLUDING PRACTICE AND POLICY 8. Explaining China’s Economic Growth: Does Entrepreneurship Matter? Junbo Yu, Shaoming Cheng and Roger R. Stough 9. Knowledge Accessibility and New Firm Formation Charlie Karlsson and Kristina Nyström 10. Migrant Female Entrepreneurship: Driving Forces, Motivation and Performance Tüzin Baycan-Levent and Peter Nijkamp 11. Industrial Effects on Resource Acquisition: Immigrant Enterprises in Kista, Stockholm Tobias Dalhammar and Terrence E. Brown 12. The Entrepreneurial Environment: Business Incubation in the Charlotte Metropolitan Region Peter M. Frank 13. University Spin-offs: An Exploration of Age-patterns of Obstacles to Growth Marina van Geenhuizen and Danny P. Soetanto 14. FDI Inflows to Sweden: Consequences for Innovation and Renewal Börje Johansson and Hans Lööf Index

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Book SynopsisThroughout the developed and developing worlds, education spending is seen as a key tool for government policy makers in the quest for economic growth. Promoting 'human capital' development is a prime objective for economic and education ministries. The seminal articles in this essential volume include early classics which explain why education became central to productivity debates and more recent papers which elucidate the enormous controversies in this important field.This collection, with an original introduction by the editors, will be of great interest to academics and students interested in growth, productivity, innovation and economic performance.Trade Review‘The book under review is a rich selection with overviews, macro level and cross country investigations and micro level case studies, with in-depth, scholarly theoretical and analytical contributions to various economic aspects of education - how education influences the performance of the individuals in the labour market. The theoretical, methodological and empirical insights the various contributors provide are valuable and researchers would find the book immensely useful.’Table of ContentsContents: Introduction Alison Wolf and Sandra McNally PART I EDUCATION AND GROWTH A. Early Classics 1. Edward F. Denison (1964), ‘Measuring the Contribution of Education (and the Residual) to Economic Growth’ 2. Mark Blaug (1972), ‘Educated Unemployment in Asia: A Contrast Between India and the Philippines’ 3. Barry Chiswick (2003), ‘Jacob Mincer, Experience and the Distribution of Earnings’ 4. Robert J. Barro and Jong-Wha Lee (1993), ‘International Comparisons of Educational Attainment’ 5. Robert J. Barro and Jong-Wha Lee (1994), ‘Sources of Economic Growth’ B. Overviews 6. Jacob Mincer (1984), ‘Human Capital and Economic Growth’ 7. Alan B. Krueger and Mikael Lindahl (2001), ‘Education for Growth: Why and for Whom?’ 8. Alison Wolf (2004), ‘Education and Economic Performance: Simplistic Theories and their Policy Consequences’ 9. Lant Pritchett (2001), ‘Where Has All The Education Gone?’ PART II TYPE OF EDUCATION A. Years Versus Qualifications 10. Anna Vignoles, Augustin De Coulon and Oscar Marcenaro-Gutierrez (2011), ‘The Value of Basic Skills in the British Labour Market’ 11. Colm Harmon and Ian Walker (1995), ‘Estimates of the Economic Return to Schooling for the United Kingdom’ 12. Richard Blundell, Lorraine Dearden and Barbara Sianesi (2005), ‘Measuring the Returns to Education’ B. Elite Versus Non-elite Institutions 13. Dan A. Black and Jeffrey A. Smith (2006), ‘Estimating the Returns to College Quality with Multiple Proxies for Quality’ 14. Stacy Berg Dale and Alan B. Krueger (2002), ‘Estimating the Pay-off to Attending a More Selective College: An Application of Selection on Observables and Unobservables’ C. General Versus Vocational 15. Dirk Krueger and Krishna B. Kumar (2004), ‘US-Europe Differences in Technology-driven Growth: Quantifying the Role of Education’ 16. Ofer Malamud and Cristian Pop-Eleches (2010), ‘General Education Versus Vocational Training: Evidence from an Economy in Transition’ PART III INNOVATION, EDUCATION AND GROWTH 17. Stephen Machin and John Van Reenen (1998), ‘Technology and Changes in Skill Structure: Evidence from Seven OECD Countries’ 18. Rachel Griffith, Stephen Redding and John Van Reenen (2004), ‘Mapping the Two Faces of R&D: Productivity Growth in a Panel of OECD Industries’ 19. Claudia Goldin and Lawrence F. Katz (2007), ‘Long-run Changes in the Wage Structure: Narrowing, Widening, Polarizing’ 20. Daron Acemoglu (1999), ‘Changes in Unemployment and Wage Inequality: An Alternative Theory and Some Evidence’ 21. Saul Lach and Mark Schankerman (2008), ‘Incentives and Invention in Universities’ 22. Ricardo Godoy, Dean S. Karlan, Shanti Rabindran and Tomás Huanca (2005), ‘Do Modern Forms of Human Capital Matter in Primitive Economies? Comparative Evidence from Bolivia’ 23. Enrico Moretti (2004), ‘Workers’ Education, Spillovers and Productivity: Evidence from Plant-level Production Functions’ 24. Sharada Weir and John Knight (2004), ‘Externality Effects of Education: Dynamics of the Adoption and Diffusion of an Innovation in Rural Ethiopia’

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Book SynopsisFor many developing countries economic growth is an elusive quest. Both economists and policymakers have long known that issues such as education, investment and infrastructure are necessary ingredients for development and yet only a very small number of countries seem to be able to come up with the right mix of these ingredients. Bryan Ritchie demonstrates how political relationships among government, business, academic and labor leaders create different incentives for economic actors to make key decisions to promote economic upgrading and sustainable development. He reveals how these decisions affect matters such as bureaucratic structures, the language of education, a focus on technology and innovation, and the inclusion of labor in business strategy. These shape the institutional structures that in turn create the foundation of government policy. This insightful study shows that whether the political relationships that form are beneficial, or detrimental, to economic upgrading depends critically on levels of systemic vulnerability, a combination of resource endowments, domestic conflict and external military security. Systemic Vulnerability and Sustainable Economic Growth will be warmly welcomed by academics and researchers of political science, economics - development economics particularly - and Asian studies. Policymakers will find invaluable insights in to how government bodies can successfully incorporate actors from the private sector. The book will also appeal to business leaders wishing to know why policymakers act the way they do.Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. The Political Economy of Technical Intellectual Capital Formation 3. Some Preliminary Evidence 4. The Origin of Initial Institutional Decisions 5. Coalitions and Initial Decisions During State-Building 6. The Legacies of Initial Choices 7. Institutional Formation and Skills Development 8. The Asian Financial Crisis and Technical Intellectual Capital Formation References Index

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Book SynopsisComprising specially commissioned essays, this Handbook provides an expansive overview of alternative theories of economic growth. It surveys major sub-fields (including classical, Kaleckian, evolutionary, and Kaldorian growth theories) and highlights cutting-edge issues such as the relationship between finance and growth, the interplay of trend and cycle, and stability issues in growth theory.Included in the text are comprehensive interpretations of subjects such as: the relationship between aggregate supply and demand and long run growth, the interaction of growth and technical change, and international and regional dimensions of growth. Alternative theories of economic growth represent a vibrant and ongoing research effort to understand the macrodynamics of capitalist economies. As such, this Handbook provides a valuable springboard for further research that will continue the development of these theories, inspiring both existing researchers and those new to the field to build upon the body of work the volume represents.The thought-provoking insights offered by the book?s thorough analysis will provide economists, graduate students, and advanced undergraduate students with a valuable reference.Table of ContentsContents: An Introduction to Alternative Theories of Economic Growth Mark Setterfield PART I: ALTERNATIVE THEORIES OF ECONOMIC GROWTH: AN OVERVIEW 1. The Structuralist Growth Model Bill Gibson 2. The Classical Theory of Growth and Distribution Duncan K. Foley and Thomas R. Michl 3. Evolutionary Growth Theory J. Stan Metcalfe and John Foster 4. The Post-Keynesian Theories of Growth and Distribution: A Survey Heinz D. Kurz and Neri Salvadori 5. Growth, Instability and Cycles: Harrodian and Kaleckian Models of Accumulation and Income Distribution Peter Skott 6. Surveying Short-run and Long-run Stability Issues with the Kaleckian Model of Growth Marc Lavoie 7. Kaldor and the Kaldorians John E. King 8. The Paths of Transformational Growth Davide Gualerzi PART II: AGGREGATE DEMAND, AGGREGATE SUPPLY AND LONG-RUN GROWTH 9. On Accounting Identities, Simulation Experiments and Aggregate Production Functions: A Cautionary Tale for (Neoclassical) Growth Theorists Jesus Felipe and John McCombie 10. The Endogenous Nature of the ‘Natural’ Rate of Growth Miguel A. León-Ledesma and Matteo Lanzafame 11. Reconciling the Growth of Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply Amitava Krishna Dutt PART III: ECONOMIC GROWTH AND TECHNICAL CHANGE 12. The Classical-Marxian Evolutionary Model of Technical Change: Application to Historical Tendencies Gérard Duménil and Dominique Lévy PART IV: MONEY, FINANCE AND GROWTH 13. ‘Financialisation’ in Post-Keynesian Models of Distribution and Growth: A Systematic Review Eckhard Hein and Till van Treeck 14. Inside Debt and Economic Growth: A Neo-Kaleckian Analysis Thomas I. Palley PART V: GROWTH AND DISTRIBUTION 15. Feasible Egalitarianism: Demand-led Growth, Labour and Technology C.W.M. Naastepad and Servaas Storm 16. Dissent-Driven Capitalism, Flexicurity Growth and Environmental Rehabilitation Peter Flaschel and Alfred Greiner 17. Profit Sharing, Capacity Utilization and Growth in a Post-Keynesian Macromodel Gilberto Tadeu Lima 18. Gender Equality and the Sustainability of Steady State Growth Paths Stephanie Seguino and Mark Setterfield PART VI: INTERNATIONAL AND REGIONAL DIMENSIONS OF GROWTH 19. Export-led Growth, Real Exchange Rates and the Fallacy of Composition Robert A. Blecker and Arslan Razmi 20. Trade and Economic Growth: A Latin American Perspective on Rhetoric and Reality Juan Carlos Moreno Brid and Esteban Pérez Caldentey 21. Endogenous Regional Growth: A Critical Survey Mark Roberts and Mark Setterfield Index

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Book SynopsisThis book makes a unique contribution in advancing understanding of the fiscal condition and growth potential of the New Member States of the European Union. It provides new data, policy evaluation, and offers national and regional perspectives. The core research questions are the effect of public investment in the context of macroeconomic disequilibrium and how it is possible to finance capital accumulation in the present and future conditions of mounting public sector debt. The contributors reveal that there is now a convincing case for public investment as an essential driver of convergence and growth in Europe. However, a new international and inter-generational fiscal pact to frame a more optimistic view of the role of government is needed. This book explores how public investment matters for growth, how fiscal conditions may support investment, and the role EU regional policy can have in terms of structural change and investment needs. Public Investment, Growth and Fiscal Constraints provides new data analyses on the EU New Member States in Central and Eastern Europe making it an essential tool for academics, students and practitioners interested in public finance and European Economics. The structural and public finance issues in these former transition economies raised in this book will also strongly appeal to policymakers, officials and consultants. The book is based on an independent research project of the University of Milan, supported by the European Investment Bank.Trade Review‘This is a valuable work that makes a strong case for public investment as a growth instrument. It is rich in theoretical and empirical analyses, making it relevant for practitioners as well as policy makers’. -- Anil Duman, Eastern Economic JournalTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: Public Investment, Growth and Fiscal Constraints in the EU Massimo Florio PART I: PUBLIC INVESTMENT AND GROWTH: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 1. Budget Deficits, Public Debt and the Level of Public Investment Malcolm Sawyer 2. Recent Advances in Public Investment, Fiscal Policy and Growth Chiara Del Bo 3. Public Investment under Disequilibrium: A Post Keynesian Viewpoint Massimo Cingolani PART II: PUBLIC INVESTMENT AND FISCAL CONDITIONS IN THE EU NEW MEMBER STATES 4. Patterns and Trends of Public Investment in the New Member States of the European Union Ángel Catalina Rubianes 5. EU New Member States: Public Sector Accounts and Convergence Criteria Giuseppe Bognetti and Giorgio Ragazzi 6. Public Investment and Growth in the EU New Member States: An Overview Jan Hanousek and Evžen Kočenda PART III: INVESTMENT, STRUCTURAL CHANGE AND REGIONAL POLICY 7. Structural Change in New Member States (1995–2005): Shift–Share Analysis of Productivity Growth and its Determinants Aleksandra Parteka 8. Structural Funds Business Support and Employment Growth in Manufacturing: Perspectives for the New Member States Luigi Moretti 9. Infrastructure Investment Opportunities in the EU New Member States: The Role of Regional Policies Emanuela Sirtori and Silvia Vignetti Index

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Book SynopsisThis book is a convenient and comprehensive collection of seminal papers on the costs of economic growth. The papers are grouped in 6 sections covering: the origins of the debate, the limits to growth, measurement, international and global dimensions, developing countries, and looking ahead. The original introduction, written by the editor, draws out the main themes that run through this extensive and thought provoking literature. This timely collection is is intended for academics, students, researchers and anyone interested in this controversial topic.Table of ContentsContents: Acknowledgements Introduction Peter A. Victor PART I THE DEBATE BEGINS 1. John Stuart Mill ([1848] 1868), ‘Of the Stationary State’ 2. John Maynard Keynes ([1931] 1951), ‘Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren (1930)’ 3. K. William Kapp (1950), ‘The Nature and Significance of Social Costs’ 4. Leopold Kohr (1978), ‘Size and Living Standards’ 5. Kenneth E. Boulding (1966), ‘The Economics of the Coming Spaceship Earth’ 6. E.J. Mishan (1967), ‘Foreword’ 7. E.J. Mishan (1967), ‘Growthmania’ 8. Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen (1975), ‘Energy and Economic Myths’ 9. Simon Kuznets (1973), ‘Modern Economic Growth: Findings and Reflections’ 10. Luís Francisco Carvalho and João Rodrigues (2006), ‘On Markets and Morality: Revisiting Fred Hirsch’ 11. Gideon Rosenbluth (1976), ‘Economists and the Growth Controversy’ PART II LIMITS TO GROWTH 12. Donella H. Meadows (2007), ‘The History and Conclusions of The Limits to Growth’ 13. Wilfred Beckerman (1992), ‘Economic Growth and the Environment: Whose Growth? Whose Environment?’ 14. Paul Ekins (1993), ‘“Limits to Growth” and “Sustainable Development”: Grappling with Ecological Realities’ 15. Giovanni Dosi and Marco Grazzi (2009), ‘Energy, Development and the Environment: An Appraisal Three Decades After the “Limits to Growth” Debate’ 16. Graham M. Turner (2008), ‘A Comparison of The Limits of Growth with 30 Years of Reality’ PART III MEASUREMENT 17. Christian Leipert (1986), ‘Social Costs of Economic Growth’ 18. Peter Bartelmus (2009), ‘The Cost of Natural Capital Consumption: Accounting for a Sustainable World Economy’ 19. Manfred Max-Neef (1995), ‘Economic Growth and Quality of Life: A Threshold Hypothesis’ 20. Clive Hamilton (1999), ‘The Genuine Progress Indicator Methodological Developments and Results from Australia’ 21. Mathis Wackernagel, Niels B. Schulz, Diana Deumling, Alejandro Callejas Linares, Martin Jenkins, Valerie Kapos, Chad Monfreda, Jonathan Loh, Norman Myers, Richard Norgaard and Jørgen Randers (2002), ‘Tracking the Ecological Overshoot of the Human Economy’ 22. William E. Rees (1992), ‘Ecological Footprints and Appropriated Carrying Capacity: What Urban Economics Leaves Out’ 23. Helmut Haberl, Karl-Heinz Erb and Fridolin Krausmann (2007), ‘Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production (HANPP)’ 24. Gene M. Grossman and Alan B. Krueger (1995), ‘Economic Growth and the Environment’ 25. Soumyananda Dinda (2004), ‘Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis: A Survey’ 26. Richard T. Carson (2009), ‘The Environmental Kuznets Curve: Seeking Empirical Regularity and Theoretical Structure’ 27. Aurélien Boutaud, Natacha Gondran and Christian Brodhag (2006), ‘(Local) Environmental Quality Versus (Global) Ecological Carrying Capacity: What Might Alternative Aggregated Indicators Bring to the Debates About Environmental Kuznets Curves and Sustainable Development?’ 28. Marian R. Chertow (2000), ‘The IPAT Equation and Its Variants: Changing Views of Technology and Environmental Impact’ 29. Fridolin Krausmann, Simone Gingrich, Nina Eisenmenger, Karl-Heinz Erb, Helmut Haberl and Marina Fischer-Kowalski (2009), ‘Growth in Global Materials Use, GDP and Population During the 20th Century’ 30. Johan Rockström, Will Steffen, Kevin Noone, Åsa Persson, F. Stuart III Chapin, Eric Lambin, Timothy M. Lenton, Marten Scheffer, Carl Folke, Hans Joachim Schellnhuber, Björn Nykvist, Cynthia A. de Wit, Terry Hughes, Sander van der Leeuw, Henning Rodhe, Sverker Sörlin, Peter K. Snyder, Robert Costanza, Uno Svedin, Malin Falkenmark, Louise Karlberg, Robert W. Corell, Victoria J. Fabry, James Hansen, Brian Walker, Diana Liverman, Katherine Richardson, Paul Crutzen and Jonathan Foley (2009), ‘Planetary Boundaries: Exploring the Safe Operating Space for Humanity’ PART IV INTERNATIONAL AND GLOBAL DIMENSIONS 31. John Asafu-Adjaye (2003), ‘Biodiversity Loss and Economic Growth: A Cross-Country Analysis’ 32. Philip Lawn and Matthew Clarke (2010), ‘The End of Economic Growth? A Contracting Threshold Hypothesis’ 33. Brian R. Copeland and M. Scott Taylor (2004), ‘Trade, Growth, and the Environment’ 34. Anna Kukla-Gryz (2009), ‘Economic Growth, International Trade and Air Pollution: A Decomposition Analysis’ 35. Clive L. Spash (2007), ‘The Economics of Climate Change Impacts à la Stern: Novel and Nuanced or Rhetorically Restricted?’ 36. Frank Ackerman, Elizabeth A. Stanton, Chris Hope and Stephane Alberth (2009), ‘Did the Stern Review Underestimate US and Global Climate Damages?’ 37. Martin L. Weitzman (2009), ‘On Modeling and Interpreting the Economics of Catastrophic Climate Change’ 38. Charles R. Boehmer (2010), ‘Economic Growth and Violent International Conflict: 1875–1999’ PART V DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 39. Bédia F. Aka (2008), ‘Effects of Trade and Growth on Air Pollution in the Aggregated Sub-Saharan Africa’ 40. Joysri Acharyya (2009), ‘FDI, Growth and the Environment: Evidence from India on CO2: Emission During the Last Two Decades’ 41. Zongguo Wen and Jining Chen (2008), ‘A Cost–Benefit Analysis for the Economic Growth in China’ 42. Sheng Zhao, Changwen Wu, Huasheng Hong and Luoping Zhang (2009), ‘Linking the Concept of Ecological Footprint and Valuation of Ecosystem Services - A Case Study of Economic Growth and Natural Carrying Capacity’ 43. Arthur P.J. Mol (2011), ‘China’s Ascent and Africa’s Environment’ 44. Matthew A. Cole, Robert J.R. Elliott and Jing Zhang (2011), ‘Growth, Foreign Direct Investment, and the Environment: Evidence from Chinese Cities’ PART VI LOOKING AHEAD 45. Herman E. Daly (2001), ‘Beyond Growth: Avoiding Uneconomic Growth’ 46. Roefie Hueting (2010), ‘Why Environmental Sustainability Can Most Probably Not be Attained with Growing Production’ 47. Sardar M.N. Islam, Mohan Munasinghe and Matthew Clarke (2003), ‘Making Long-Term Economic Growth More Sustainable: Evaluating the Costs and Benefits’ 48. A. Antoci, S. Borghesi and P. Russu (2005), ‘Environmental Defensive Expenditures, Expectations and Growth’ 49. Stefano Bartolini (2007), ‘Why are People So Unhappy? Why do they Strive so Hard for Money? Competing Explanations of the Broken Promises of Economic Growth’ 50. Tim Jackson (2008), ‘Where is the “Wellbeing Dividend”? Nature, Structure and Consumption Inequalities’ 51. Siak Smulders (1995), ‘Entropy, Environment, and Endogenous Economic Growth’ 52. Roelof Boumans, Robert Costanza, Joshua Farley, Matthew A. Wilson, Rosimeiry Portela, Jan Rotmans, Ferdinando Villa and Monica Grasso (2002), ‘Modeling the Dynamics of the Integrated Earth System and the Value of Global Ecosystem Services Using the GUMBO Model’ 53. Jeroen C.J.M. van den Bergh and Peter Nijkamp (1994), ‘Dynamic Macro Modelling and Materials Balance’ 54. Graham M. Turner and Timothy Baynes (2010), ‘Soft-Coupling of National Biophysical and Economic Models for Improved Understanding of Feedbacks’ 55. Robert U. Ayres (2008), ‘Sustainability Economics: Where do we Stand?’ 56. Peter A. Victor (2010), ‘Ecological Economics and Economic Growth’ 57. Juliet B. Schor (2005), ‘Sustainable Consumption and Worktime Reduction’ 58. Petter Naess and Karl Georg Høyer (2009), ‘The Emperor’s Green Clothes: Growth, Decoupling, and Capitalism’ 59. Myron J. Gordon (2005), ‘Growth, Uncertainty and the Third World in the Rise and Fall of Capitalism’ 60. Joan Martínez-Alier, Unai Pascual, Franck-Dominique Vivien and Edwin Zaccai (2010), ‘Sustainable De-Growth: Mapping the Context, Criticisms and Future Prospects of an Emergent Paradigm’

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Book SynopsisAs its miracle growth continues seemingly unabated into a fourth decade, China's emergence as a global economic and political power is accepted as inevitable. China is changing and the world is changing in response. Yet such radical transformation has also brought challenges that China must face if it is to continue its upward trajectory. Some of problems that are thought to threaten China's reforms are in fact not as serious as many interpreters claim —only growing pains of development. Some have already been solved. Other widely noted problems truly are serious, and still others may loom on the horizon. Growing Pains seeks to present an accurate view —as opposed to an optimistic or pessimistic one —of China's current reforms. Sorting the evidence of the problems' actual severity, the contributors consider hot-button issues —privatization and markets; governance; and questions of health care, environmental degradation, and social inequality —and consider the likelihood of near-term solutions.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents cutting‐edge research on urban and regional systems applying modern spatial analytical techniques of Geographic Information Science & Technologies (GIS&T), spatial statistics, and location modeling. The contributions, written by leading scholars from around the globe, adopt a spatially explicit analytical perspective and highlight methodological innovations and substantive breakthroughs on many facets of the socioeconomic and environmental reality of urban and regional contexts. The book is divided into three parts: The first part offers an introduction to the research field, while the second part discusses critical issues in urban growth and urban management, presenting case studies on city and urban environments, their growth, data infrastructures and spatial and management issues. The third part then broadens the analysis to the regional scale, addressing growth, convergence and adaptation to new economic and information‐based realities. This book appeals to scholars of spatial and regional sciences as well as to policy decision-makers interested in advanced methods of spatial analysis, location modeling, and GIS&T. Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Part I: Urban Growth​.- Part II: Economic Restructuring, Convergence, Growth, and Regional Systems.- Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisOur world is experiencing increasingly complex social and environmental challenges. The prevailing business models and, to some extent, capitalism per se, are frequently blamed for these problems due to their neglect of social and environmental values in favour of financial returns. Within this context, social finance has attracted the attention of governments, organizations, entrepreneurs, and researchers as a means of mobilizing resources and innovation with the goal of establishing effective long-term solutions. This edited collection summarizes, discusses, and analyzes new innovative trends in social finance. It features contributions that aim to highlight emerging trends (products, tools, and processes) in social finance, present a series of case studies related to the development, deployment, and scaling of social finance innovations, offer an understanding of how non-economic externalities are being incorporated, managed, and assessed in recent innovations, reveal the disruptive potential of social finance innovations by analyzing how they are redefining mainstream finance, analyze the scales – of operation and impact – of different innovations, and explore the complex relationship between social finance and social innovation. Featuring contributions from both the research and practitioner community as well as policy actors, the book provides more than a snapshot of the current social finance field by specifically highlighting the major challenges and difficulties that require the urgent attention of policymakers and social entrepreneurs. Table of ContentsChapter 1: Expanding Our Understanding of Value through Innovations in Social Finance, Thomas Walker, Jane McGaughey, Sherif Goubran, and Nadra Wagdy.- SECTION I: EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL OF SOCIAL FINANCE.-Chapter 2: Social Finance in the Anthropocene, Anne Snick.-Chapter 3: Social Finance in Quebec: An Ecosystemic Approach to Financial Innovation, Marguerite Mendell and Nancy Neamtan.- Chapter 4: Social Finance for Women’s Entrepreneurship in Canada, Zohreh Hassannezhad Chavoushi, Guang Ying Mo, and Wendy Cukier.- Chapter 5: The Role of Youth in Scaling Social Value Investing – The Case of Canada's National Social Value Fund, Bruno Lam, Steve Petterson, James Tansey, Mariana Martinez Rubio, and Maxime Lakat.- SECTION II: INNOVATIONS IN SOCIAL INVESTING.- Chapter 6: The Community Bond Experience in Montreal, Quebec, Jason Prince and Vanessa Sorin.- Chapter 7: Let’s Get Explicit: The Emergence of Impact-Linked Returns in the Commercial Debt Market, Lars Boggild.- Chapter 8: A University Model of Social Finance: Reflections on the University of Edinburgh’s Social Investment Fund, Dave Gorman and Julia Qermezi Huang.- Chapter 9: Opportunities in Patient Capital Financing, Julie Segal and Erica Barbosa Vargas.- SECTION III: DIGITALIZING SOCIAL FINANCE.- Chapter 10: Inside Money Creation in the Digital Era, Israel Cedillo Lazcano.- Chapter 11: Social Finance Investments with a Focus on Digital Social Business Models, Stephan A. Jansen, Clemens Mast, and Wolfgang Spiess-Knafl.- Chapter 12: From Community Bank to Solidarity Fintech: The Case of Palmas e-Dinheiro in Brazil, Asier Ansorena, Eduardo H. Diniz, Erica S. Siqueira, and Marlei Pozzebon.- Chapter 13: Social Finance and Agricultural Funding, Dániel Havran, Péter Kerényi, and Attila A. Víg.- SECTION IV: BLOCKCHAINS IN SOCIAL FINANCE.- Chapter 14: Public Governance of the Blockchain Revolution and its Implications for Social Finance: A Comparative Analysis, Stefania Paladini, Erez Yerushalmi, and Ignazio Castellucci.- Chapter 15: Blockchain Consortia for the Social Good: An Introduction for Non-Technical Audiences, Percy Venegas.- Chapter 16: Informational Efficiency and Cybersecurity: Systemic Threats to Blockchain Applications, Constantin Gurdgiev and Adam Fleming.- SECTION V: GOVERNANCE AND THE ROLE OF INSTITUTIONS.- Chapter 17: Who Should Fund Social Innovation?, Molly Sinderbrand.- Chapter 18: The Financial Intermediary Role of Peer-to-Peer Lenders, Barbara Dömötör and Tímea Ölvedi.- Chapter 19: The Role of Social Financing in Sustainable Development: The Case of Nigerian Co-operatives, Akanji Ajibola.- Chapter 20: Evaluating Impact Investments: Frameworks and Applications for Social Ventures, Alessandro Rizzello, Elisabetta Scognamiglio, Ludovica Testa, and Lorenzo Liotta.- Chapter 21: Social Investment in the UK: The Emergence of a Hollow Field, Belinda Bell.- Chapter 22: The New Venture Philanthropy, Sureyya Burcu Avci.

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Book SynopsisThis book highlights the importance of clusters for the competitiveness of companies and is divided into three interrelated parts. The first part focuses on localization economics, cluster theory, the role of innovation, and innovation partnerships in cluster formations. The second part of the volume presents original research carried out from 2018 to 2020 in the field of both natural clusters and organized clusters. In addition to examining the impact of cluster membership, the contributions also focus on additional factors that may affect the financial performance of companies. In the third part, an additional survey and case studies are presented, to examine the specifics of family businesses in selected industrial districts of the textile, glass, and jewelry industries. A broader overview of the development of dominant industries in the selected districts is provided, for an easier understanding of the relationships of competition among companies and locations in the business clusters. The book evaluates implications for microeconomic and macroeconomic policies and provides proposals for corporate inter-organizational behavior.This volume addresses scholars and researchers of economics, business, and management, as well as policy-makers and practitioners interested in a better understanding of innovation and performance drivers of business clusters.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. Evolving Insight of Localization Theories into Cluster Existence.- Chapter 3. Theory of Clusters.- Chapter 4. Innovation and Innovation Partnership.- Chapter 5. Dynamic Development of Companies in an Industry Cluster.- Chapter 6. Conceptual and Methodical Research Procedures.- Chapter 7. Specifics of Natural Industry Clusters.- Chapter 8. Specifics of Institutionalised Cluster Organisations.- Chapter 9. Economic Impact of Clusters.- Chapter 10. Approach to Innovation in Selected Industries.- Chapter 11. Tradition, Innovation and Family Business as Factors of Sustainable Development of Industry Clusters.- Chapter 12. Summary and Discussion of Research into Natural and Institutionalised Cluster Organisations. Conclusions.

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Book SynopsisThis two-volume book examines the most important global problem—the recovery of the social-economic crises due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This economic crisis has its own basis and differs from others by the lockdown of most businesses on the decision of authorities. The uncertainty of the future economic revival obliges scientists around the world to unite in search of effective solutions that will become the basis for prosperity and human wellbeing. The death of millions of people around the world, several waves of coronavirus, and a global pandemic have forced most states to seek extraordinary measures to save people and revive economic activity. The world economy experienced a global shock, probably never experienced before due to lockdowns. The disruptions and gaps in the value chains were primarily caused by the lockdowns of enterprises. The change in the essence of the economic crisis has raised the question of how to overcome it and revive economic activity. The crisis caused a sharp decline in incomes of the population around the world, which led to social upheavals. Post-COVID economic revival in a globalized world has become the most important problem of our time. This book offers contributions of authors from different countries and explores problem solving in the fields of public administration (Volume I, Part I), financial services (Volume I, Part II), different branches (Volume II, Part III) and the social sector (Volume II, Part IV). The second volume of the book is devoted problems in sectors of the economy, such as agriculture, tourism, aircraft, the automotive industry, electricity, culture, etc. The second part of the second volume examines trends in the revival in the social sector—medicine, pharmaceuticals, the labor market and social insurance. Despite the fact that the book is divided into two volumes and four parts, a holistic and systematic perception of the new reality of the post-COVID age can be obtained by reading the entire book. This book will be of interest to academics and practitioners in public administration and economics, particularly those who are interested in Post-COVID economic revival.Table of ContentsChapter 27: Post-COVID revival: economy and society.- Part III: Markets at Post-COVID Age.- Chapter 28: The National Technological Initiative of Russia Project Implementation as a Basis for the Development of Perspective Technological Markets and Industries in Russia.- Chapter 29: Opportunities and Prospects for Transition to Post-COVID Circular Economy.- Chapter 30: Disposal of Medical Waste in the COVID-19 and the post-COVID period.-Chapter 31: Pricing in the Context of Structural Modernization in Post-COVID Economy.- Chapter 32: The Impact of COVID-19 on Agriculture.- Chapter 33: Economic Mechanisms of Regulation of Innovative Industrial Technologies in the Post-COVID Age.- Chapter 34: Post-lockdown Flights: New Strategies for Civil Aircraft Manufacturers and Airlines.- Chapter 35: China's Electricity Market Reform in the Post-COVID Era.- Chapter 36: Creative Industries: a Review of the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic.- Chapter 37: Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Housing and Construction Markets.- Chapter 38: The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Automation of Planning and Operational Management of Organizational and Technical Systems in the COVID-19 Pandemic.- Chapter 39: The Changing Role of the Internal Audit of the Transport Facility in the Post-COVID Period.- Chapter 40: The Economic Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Russian Automotive Industry.- Chapter 41: Tourism at the Post-COVID Age.- Part IV: Social Development at Post-COVID Age.- Chapter 42: Influence of COVID-19 on Healthcare System.- Chapter 43: Government Protection of Both Parties in the Operation of the Post-Epidemic Labor Market in China.- Chapter 44: Flexible Employment Development in Post-COVID Economic Revival.- Chapter 45: The Impact and Response of Artificial Intelligence on Labor Market in Post-Epidemic Era.- Chapter 46: The Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic on the Healthcare System in Poland.- Chapter 47: Back to the (Ab)normality: Eastern-European Labor Markets after Pandemic.- Chapter 48: Health Insurance Problems of Unknown Infections.- Chapter 49: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Labor Market in Poland.- Chapter 50: Analytical Review of the Market for COVID-19 Vaccines: Production, Cost, and Distribution.- Chapter 51: Judicial Institutions and Legal Services in the Post-COVID Period.

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes a critical review of Nigeria’s attempts to achieve rapid industrial development since independence from Britain in 1960. It details the issues, challenges, and hard choices confronted by Nigerian political leadership and highlights the reasons why the country ultimately failed to achieve industrial take-off in spite of its abundant human and material resources. Chapters take a retrospective look at government industrial development policies and programs, including the steel industry, agro-allied and forest-based industries, and the industrial estate development program. The book also discusses tariff and trade policies, incentives and disincentives to foreign direct investment (FDI) in the manufacturing sector, and small and medium enterprise (SME) development. The book concludes with a look at the recent drive towards regional integration as well as the potential impact of the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between the European Union and sixteen countries of West Africa. Providing an exhaustive history of Nigeria’s economic and industrial development, this volume will be of interest to researchers and students of African economics, development studies, and industrial organization, as well as policy makers in both the public and private sectors.Table of ContentsChapter 1: The Emerging Nigerian Economy.- Chapter 2: Manufacturing Sector in the Nigerian Economy.- Chapter 3: Industrial Development Policies and Strategies.- Chapter 4: The Nigerian Steel Industry: Retrospect and Prospect.- Chapter 5: Resources and Opportunities for Competitive Industrial Systems in Nigeria’s Agro-allied and Forest-based industries.- Chapter 6: A Hard Look at Industrial Estate Development in Nigeria.- Chapter 7: Incentives and Disincentives to Foreign Direct Investment in the Nigerian Manufacturing Sector.- Chapter 8: An Appraisal of the Export Potential of Made- in- Nigeria Goods.- Chapter 9: Tariff Harmonization in West Africa and Africa : Prospects for the Nigerian Manufacturing Sector.- Chapter 10: Future of the Manufacturing Sector in West Africa Under the Economic Partnership Agreement with the European Union.- Chapter 11: Small and Medium Enterprise Development under the Structural Adjustment Programme in Nigeria.- Chapter 12: Business Incubators and Small Enterprise Development in Nigeria.- Chapter 13:Policies and Strategic Issues in Promoting Rapid Industrial Development in Nigeria.- Appendices.- Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents the 2020 Digital Platform Economy Index (DPE Index). The DPE Index integrates two separate but related literatures on ecosystems, namely, the digital ecosystem and the entrepreneurial ecosystem. This new framework situates digital entrepreneurship within the broader context of users, platforms, and institutions, such that two biotic entities (users and agents) actuate individual agency, and two abiotic components (digital infrastructure and digital platforms) form the external environment. The DPE Index framework includes 12 pillars that integrate the digital and the entrepreneurship ecosystems. Here, the authors report on the DPE Index, the four sub-indices, and the 12 pillar values for 116 countries as well as provide a cluster analysis based on the 12 pillars.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. The concept of the platform-based ecosystem: The digital platform economy.- Chapter 3. From concept to measurement: The 12 pillars and their measurement.- Chapter 4. The Digital Platform Economy Index: Country rankings and clustering.- Chapter 5. Improving the digital platform economy: Policy suggestions.- Chapter 6. Summary and conclusion.

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Book SynopsisEvery society aspires to be prosperous. It also endeavors to minimize the side effects of economic growth. This book entitled The Economics of Optimal Growth Pathways addresses numerous trade-offs faced by society to achieve prosperity and explores the best possible growth pathways. The theories explored in this book serve as a springboard to better understand key challenges and aspects of the economy, including food security, land use, forest and resource management, capital markets and interest rates, oil and gas extraction, fish and marine resources, saving and investment, and climate change.This book elucidates the concept of optimal economic growth pathways while addressing the challenges faced in natural resources and life on the planet. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in resource and environmental economics.Table of ContentsChapter 1 An Introduction to the Economics of Optimal Growth PathwaysChapter 2 Ricardo’s RentChapter 3 Von Thunen’s Spatial Land Use: Grasslands and CitiesChapter 4 Faustmann’s Forest Harvest RotationChapter 5 Hotelling’s Fossil Fuel EconomicsChapter 6 Fisheries Bioeconomics under Open AccessChapter 7 Irving Fisher’s Capital and InterestChapter 8 Frank Ramsey’s Optimal SavingsChapter 9 Robert Solow’s Modern Economic GrowthChapter 10 Tjalling Koopmans’s Optimal Economic GrowthChapter 11 William Nordhaus’s Optimal Carbon Tax TrajectoryChapter 12 The Economics of Optimal Growth Pathways with Managing Natural ResourcesChapter 13 Tendencies for Sub-optimal or Post-growth Pathways

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Book SynopsisThis book offers a systemic understanding of the evolutionary model of financial markets and their place with broader political economic systems. Through examining the co-evolutionary process, where the interplay between financial markets and society is highlighted, insight is provided into the concepts of growth, development, preference, information, and price. After outlining these core concepts, they are applied to co-evolution within financial markets to illustrate the mechanics that underpin economic systems. Binomial and trinomial co-evolution is then discussed in relation to financial market variables, preference and price in terms of symbolic utility, and logical economic modelling structures.This book presents a new research methodology based on a logical to approach economics that looks beyond historical and empirical economic frameworks. It will be relevant to students, researchers, and policymakers interested in financial economics.Table of Contents1. Introductory Concepts – Causality and Intelligibility.2. Introductory Concepts – Growth, Development, Evolution.3. The Concept of Evolution – General Framework.4. The Concept of Co-Evolution – Theoretical Basis.5. Binomial Co-Evolution in the Financial Market.6. Information and Price as Symbolic Species.7. Trinomial Co-Evolution in the Financial Market.8. Logical Modelling of Trinomial Preference.

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Book Synopsis1. Basic laws of production.- 2. Classical growth models and homogeneity.- 3. Classical growth models and minimal factor rewards.- 4. Aggregate endogenous growth models.- 5. Neoclassical growth models.- 6. Keynesian growth models.- 7. Leontief technology and efficient factor utilization.- 8. Flexible technologies and proportional saving.- 9. Flexible technologies and classical saving.- 10. Homogeneous Dynamics in the Plane.- 11. Linear and A_ne Dynamics in the Plane.- 12. Quasi-Homogeneous Dynamics in the Plane.- 13. Discrete Linear Dynamics in the Plane.- 14. Two-sector growth models.- 15. Multi-sector growth models.- 16. Non-homothetic multisector growth models.- 17. Dynamics, economic growth, international trade.- 18. Stochastic dynamic systems of growth and trade.- 19. Saving rates, trade, technology, and stochastic dynamics.- 20. Dynamic structure, exogeneity, growth paths, and substitution.- 21. Ramsey optimal saving and growth models.

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Book SynopsisIn the aftermath of COVID-19 (coronavirus), African countries will need to intensify their resource mobilization efforts to achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda. The Economic Development in Africa Report 2020 adopts a multi-disciplinary methodology to tackle the relationship between illicit financial flows (IFFs) and the economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development in Africa. Its inclusive approach integrates a gender lens and gives voice to multiple vantage points, from civil society to firms doing business in Africa. Building on established measures of IFFs, the Report provides new insights on country estimates of export misinvoicing on the continent and highlights specific characteristics of mineral commodities. It also underlines some of the motivations and root causes of IFFs.

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Book SynopsisThe African Continental Free Trade Area is expected to be a game changer for development ambitions in Africa. The design of the Agreement Establishing the African Continental Free Trade Area reflects an explicit commitment to create a framework for deeper socioeconomic integration and improved cooperation that enables trade, investment and the mobility of people, to support industrialization and the development of a dynamic services sector. Such achievements could ultimately generate decent jobs and increase revenue and thereby contribute to inclusive growth on the continent. A greater emphasis on deeper intraregional trade, cross-border investments in infrastructure and fostering 'made in Africa' trade and industrialization policies is key to the continent's future prosperity and resilience to global financial, food-related, climatic and pandemic-related shocks. For the African Continental Free Trade Area to be a game changer, countries in Africa need to adopt policies that enhance consistency between trade measures, diversification objectives and inclusivity. Unless this is accomplished, the Free Trade Area may be restricted to a trade liberalization agenda and thereby not fulfil the hopes and aspirations of the people of Africa. If effectively implemented, the African Continental Free Trade Area can help address challenges emanating from the excessive reliance in Africa on the supply of primary commodities and goods embodying limited value added to world markets

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Book SynopsisLe rapport annuel analyse les principaux aspects du développement de l'Afrique et les questions de politique d'intérêt pour les pays africains. Il formule des recommandations politiques pour l'action des pays africains eux-mêmes et de la communauté internationale pour surmonter les défis de développement auxquels le continent est confronté.

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Book SynopsisWe live in a time of rapid technological change, at the height of the digital transformation and the early stages of the Industry 4.0 revolution. When guided by an inclusive and sustainable compass, these technological waves have great potential to increase prosperity and protect the planet, bringing about the vital transformations needed to achieve the SDGs and put the world on a sustainable path. They also offer a window of opportunity for developing countries to catch up technologically and narrow global divides. Critical areas for innovation in this new technological revolution are renewable energy technologies and frontier technologies for sustainable production and consumption. The Technology and Innovation Report examines the opportunities and challenges posed by green innovation on the ability of developing countries to catch up, reduce inequalities and contribute to tackling climate change. It argues that green policies are key to create the windows of opportunities. At the same time, firms and governments must be ready to respond and take advantage of these opportunities. This requires sector-specific strategies and the support of the international community to empower developing countries to develop, use, adopt and adapt green technologies for sustainable development

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Book SynopsisThis publication is a continuation of the work undertaken in Phase 1, and extends its analysis to the following areas: Technical and legislative aspects, Socioeconomic analysis, Conditions for the establishment of national and international networks, and Financial and planning elements of HSR. The development of an HSR network in the TER region would significantly improve the competitiveness of rail, increasing the sustainability of the transport sectors in TER countries. Currently, there are few railway lines in some TER member States that allow high-speed operation. This creates a unique opportunity for developing HSR systems in individual TER member States while ensuring that this development is integrated across the wider TER region through adequate international connectivity. This study aims to provide decision-makers with the necessary tools to define what, if any, HSR networks should be developed in their respective states

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Book SynopsisThe UNECE Innovation for Sustainable Development Review (I4SDR) of Armenia provides a calibrated assessment and concrete recommendations for innovation policy and structural reform in the country, based on international good practices and a firm understanding of national and regional specificities. This publication focuses on an in-depth analysis of the Armenian innovation infrastructure and examines the role of the Armenian diaspora in fostering innovation-led growth. The Review is a result of an in-depth dialogue and consultation among the UNECE Secretariat, leading subject matter experts, Government officials, academia, the private sector, and other innovation stakeholders in the country

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Book SynopsisThe report examines the new technologies and manufacturing trends that African countries need to embrace to allow viable local production, attractive domestic markets for foreign companies (including relocation of production to the continent), and innovative supply chain practices. The report recommends key policy options, best practices and strategic guidance needed to support African decision- and policy-makers in leveraging the potential of African national and regional markets and businesses to foster domestic supply chains and create a trusted and reliable supplier marketplace for global supply chains, and thus contribute to expanding Africa's contribution to global trade and growth

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Book SynopsisThis book analyzes the changes brought on to economic and business activities in Latin America due to the new scenarios, environments and social dynamics the world is facing as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, at both micro- and macroeconomic levels. Recent changes to working environments has brought discussions on work-life balance to the forefront, and creating support mechanisms to attract and retain the next generation of workers has become a primary focus for talent managers. At an industry level, there are expectations that once the crisis passes, there will be massive capital inflows toward ESG investments in emerging markets driving the transformation of companies. Consequently, ESG business models will have a cascading effect in the whole supply chain (upstream, midstream and downstream) and will generate greater value for all stakeholders. At the same time, technologies of the fourth industrial revolution, such as Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence, have gradually been adopted by companies leading the charge in ESG business models. The financial sector has taken the lead in these two technologies, but the challenge generated by the COVID-19 pandemic forced other sectors to innovate rapidly in order to remain afloat. Using empirical and theoretical frameworks, the contributors in this book identify the most attractive alternatives to benefit consumers in an adverse environment like the one the world is facing as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, which while posing a significant challenge for most industries, has also created new opportunities for innovation and ingenuity, analyzing case studies from the coffee and medical tourism sectors in particular.Table of ContentsForeword.- Chapter 1. The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on economic activity of Mexico in 2020.- Chapter 2. Survival Likelihood of Micro and Small Businesses Facing a Catastrophe.- Chapter 3. How Covid-19 has accelerated the garment and financial investment industries’ adoption of Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance (ESG) standards.- Chapter 4. Contagion adverse degree, income inequality and economic growth.- Chapter 5. Forecasting the Effects of the COVID-19 Crisis on Economic Growth and the Microfinance Sector in Latin America: An Approach with Fuzzy Neural Networks.- Chapter 6. Balancing Work, Family, and Personal Life in the Mexican Context: The Future of Work for the “COVID-19 Generation.- Chapter 7. Medical tourism in Mexico. Analysis of the economic and technological model in the COVID-19 pandemic era.- Chapter 8. Small Coffee Companies and the Impact of Geographical Indications as Productive Innovation in Mexico in the new reality.- Chapter 9. Corporate Social Responsibility Informing Crisis Management for stakeholder Satisfaction: From Survival mode to Survivability in a Pandemic.- Chapter 10. Artificial Intelligence & Blockchain: The path to generate value for companies after the COVID-19 pandemic

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Book SynopsisThis book will delve into how new ICTs, represented by 5G, collectively empower industries from the perspective of theories and practices. 5G is integrating with cloud, intelligence, big data, and applications to push the boundaries of industries and diversify industrial services. Starting from the background and value of industry digitalization, Section I introduces the new ICT infrastructure for industry digitalization, as well as a new support system based on this infrastructure to enable 5GtoB to bring new value to industries. Section II summarizes the success factors and four key capabilities for achieving 5GtoB success from methodological perspective. Abundant application cases are provided in Section III to explore the adoption of 5GtoB in key enterprises across industries, as well as the benefits brought to these enterprises. The final section analyzes the future evolution and applications of 5GtoB.5G enables a plethora of possibilities. We believe that this book will inspire everyone in the 5GtoB industry chain to embrace 5GtoB and take the digital transformation of industries to new heights.Table of ContentsEditorial Board.- Foreword.- Acknowledgements.- List of Abbreviations.- List of Figures.- List of Tables.- Chapter 1: Background and Value of Industry Digitalization.- Chapter 2: ICT Infrastructure Required for Digital Transformation.- Chapter 3: 5GtoB Market Space and Opportunities.- Chapter 4: 5GtoB Enables Enterprise Production.- Chapter 5: 5GtoB Improves Social Development and Living Standards.- Chapter 6: Construction of the 5GtoB Success Factor System.- Chapter 7: 5GtoB Success Factor Analysis — Performance Capability.- Chapter 8: 5GtoB Success Factor Analysis — Efficiency Capability.- Chapter 9: 5GtoB Success Factor Analysis — Ecosystem Capability.- Chapter 10: 5GtoB Success Factor Analysis — Business Capability.- Chapter 11: Heavy Industry.- Chapter 12: Computers, Communications and Consumer Electronics (3C) Manufacturing .- Chapter 13: Electric Power and Public Transportation.- Chapter 14: Mining and Petrochemical.- Chapter 15: Smart Port.- Chapter 16: Media, Education, and Healthcare.- Chapter 17: 5GtoB Evolution Path.- Chapter 18: Evolution to 5.5G and 6G and Key Applications.- References.

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