Dictionaries, Reference & Language Books

Book SynopsisAudio recordings of English are available from the first half of the twentieth century and thus complement the written data sources for the recent history of the language. This book is the first to bring together a team of globally recognised scholars to document and analyse these early recordings in a single volume. Looking at examples of regional varieties of English from England, Scotland, Ireland, the USA, Canada and other anglophone countries, the volume explores both standard and vernacular varieties, and demonstrates how accents of English have changed between the late nineteenth century and the present day. The socio-phonetic examinations of the recordings will be of interest to scholars of historical linguistics, the history of the English language, language variation and change, phonetics, and phonology.Trade Review'This is a broad, ambitious, and enlightening use of previously untapped sources. The collection provides an exciting new dimension to the analysis of variation and change in twentieth-century English.' Donka Minkova, University of California, Los Angeles'This is the first major publication to tap the wealth of available archival sound recordings for the historical study of spoken English. The editor is to be commended for bringing together a strong line-up of experts and for covering British and American English as well as several New Englishes.' Christian Mair, University of Freiburg'I am very glad that this book exists. As someone who is interested in all aspects of the phonological history of English, I find it a delight to see so much that is new and appetite-whetting gathered together in one volume, especially given that most of the chapters are discussing varieties that are far from the standard forms of English that have often been (understandably but frustratingly) the focus of much historical research.' Patrick Honeybone, Journal of Historical SociolinguisticsTable of Contents1. Analysing early audio recordings Raymond Hickey; 2. British Library sound recordings of vernacular speech Jonathan Robinson; 3. Twentieth-century received pronunciation: prevocalic /r/ Anne Fabricius; 4. Twentieth-century received pronunciation: stop articulation Raymond Hickey; 5. Early London English Paul Kerswill and Eivind Torgersen; 6. Merseyside Kevin Watson and Lynn Clark; 7. Scotland - Glasgow and the Central Belt Jane Stuart-Smith and Eleanor Lawson; 8. Early recordings of Irish English Raymond Hickey; 9. Evidence of American regional dialects in early recordings Matthew J. Gordon and Christopher Strelluf; 10. New England Daniel Ezra Johnson and David Durian; 11. Upper Midwestern English Thomas Purnell, Eric Raimy and Joseph Salmons; 12. Western United States Valerie Fridland and Tyler Kendall; 13. Analysis of the ex-slave recordings Erik R. Thomas; 14. Archival data on earlier Canadian English Charles Boberg; 15. Canadian raising in Newfoundland? Sandra Clarke, Paul De Decker and Gerard Van Herk; 16. The Caribbean Shelome Gooden and Kathy-Ann Drayton; 17. West Africa Magnus Huber; 18. Earlier South Africa English Ian Bekker; 19. Tristan da Cunha Daniel Schreier; 20. Australia Felicity Cox; 21. Early New Zealand English: the closing diphthongs Márton Sóskuthy, Jennifer Hay, Margaret Maclagan, Katie Drager and Paul Foulkes; 22. The development of recording technology Raymond Hickey.

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Book SynopsisHow does a human acquire, comprehend, produce and control multiple languages with just the power of one mind? What are the cognitive consequences of being a bilingual? These are just a few of the intriguing questions at the core of studying bilingualism from psycholinguistic and neurocognitive perspectives. Bringing together some of the world''s leading experts in bilingualism, cognitive psychology and language acquisition, The Cambridge Handbook of Bilingual Processing explores these questions by presenting a clear overview of current theories and findings in bilingual processing. This comprehensive handbook is organized around overarching thematic areas including theories and methodologies, acquisition and development, comprehension and representation, production, control, and the cognitive consequences of bilingualism. The handbook serves as an informative overview for researchers interested in cognitive bilingualism and the logic of theoretical and experimental approaches to languaTrade Review'The editor has brought together an excellent group of scholars who provide a comprehensive state-of-the-art overview on topics inherent to bilingual language processing. In the coming years, this volume will surely become the reference book for researchers and students working in the field of bilingualism.' Jubin Abutalebi, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele'A handbook to take with you on your intellectual journeys! It provides a detailed map of the dynamic world of multilingualism and is indispensable to both first-time visitors and long-time explorers. The multifaceted landscape of language learning and use is portrayed from a multidisciplinary perspective by means of established and innovative models, methodologies, and findings in the field.' Ton Dijkstra, Radboud University Nijmegen'The study of bilingualism has seen a virtual explosion over the past twenty years with increasing interest both in bilingualism itself as a topic of study and in how bilinguals provide a unique form of evidence which will contribute to long-standing debates in the cognitive sciences. This comprehensive volume of papers touches on all the major points of special interest including bilinguals of all ages, proficiency levels, and acquisition histories, as well as the various methodologies applied and theoretical debates within the field. Each of these points of focus is reviewed in this volume by key voices in the field culminating in a volume of work that will be useful for students and researchers alike, and one that should quickly gain status as a reference and guide to the latest and greatest in research on bilingualism as well as its broader implications.' Tamar Gollan, University of California, San Diego'This exciting volume presents a set of cutting-edge overviews of the complex field of bilingual processing, covering a range of theoretical and methodological topics. A must-read for anyone interested in the nature of bilingualism.' Marianne Gullberg, Lund University'This volume provides a well-structured and comprehensive overview of current theoretical perspectives and empirical findings regarding the representation- and processing-related mechanisms involved in second language acquisition and the tasks of becoming and being bilingual. The chapters cover nearly all subsystems of language, deal with both comprehension and production, and address important issues such as attrition, cross-linguistic influence, the cognitive consequences of bilingualism, and the effects of multilingualism on language processing. This is an excellent resource for anyone who works in this area.' Scott Jarvis, Ohio University'Both new and seasoned researchers will find this handbook truly indispensable. The line-up of contributors is outstanding, the range of topics vast, and the treatment more than introductory, providing comprehensive historical background and bold discussion of contemporary and controversial issues. Definitely a must-have reference source.' Norman Segalowitz, Concordia University'How can we control the use of multiple languages without massive confusion? Addressing this question forces us to explore an entirely new conceptualization of the human mind. This excellent handbook provides us with an invitation to this exploration by synthesizing core facts about non-selective access, early bilingual separation, transfer, interference, control processes, cues for code-switching, meaning merger, learning dynamics, and emotional grounding. Each of these topics is explored with careful attention to the use of converging methodologies to increase the precision of our models.' Brian MacWhinney, Carnegie Mellon UniversityTable of ContentsPart I. Introduction: 1. Bilingual processing: a dynamic and rapidly changing field John W. Schwieter and Natasha Tokowicz; Part II. Theories and Methodologies: 2. Six decades of research on bilingual representation and processing Nan Jiang; 3. Computational modeling of bilingual language acquisition and processing: conceptual and methodological considerations Ping Li and Xiaowei Zhao; 4. Methods for studying adult bilingualism Michael Spivey and Cynthia Cardon; 5. Methods for studying infant bilingualism Krista Byers-Heinlein; Part III. Acquisition and Development: 6. Becoming bilingual: are there different learning pathways? Núria Sebastián-Gallés; 7. Phonology and morphology in lexical processing Kira Gor; 8. Processing perspectives on instructed second language acquisition Bill VanPatten; 9. Learning second language vocabulary: insights from laboratory studies Natasha Tokowicz and Tamar Degani; 10. Second language constructions: usage-based acquisition and transfer Nick Ellis, Ute Römer and Matthew O'Donnell; 11. Variability in bilingual processing: a dynamic approach Wander Lowie and Kees de Bot; Part IV. Comprehension and Representation: 12. Conceptual representation in bilinguals: the role of language specificity and conceptual change Panos Athanasopoulos; 13. Emotion word processing within and between languages Jeanette Altarriba and Dana Basnight-Brown; 14. Orthographic processing in bilinguals Walter van Heuven and Emily Coderre; 15. Bilingual lexical access during written sentence comprehension Ana Schwartz; 16. Cross-language interactions during bilingual sentence processing Paola Dussias, Amelia Dietrich and Álvaro Villegas; Part V. Production: 17. Individual differences in second language speech production Judit Kormos; 18. Parallel language activation in bilinguals' word production and its modulating factors: a review and computer simulations Annette de Groot and Peter Starreveld; 19. Cross-language asymmetries in codeswitching patterns: implications for bilingual language production Carol Myers-Scotton and Janice Jake; 20. Intra-sentential code-switching: cognitive and neural approaches Janet van Hell, Kaitlyn Litcofsky and Caitlin Ting; Part VI. Control: 21. Selection and control in bilingual comprehension and production Judith Kroll, Jason Gullifer, Rhonda McClain, Eleonora Rossi and María Cruz Martín; 22. On the mechanism and scope of language control in bilingual speech production Cristina Baus, Francesca Branzi and Albert Costa; 23. Behavioural measures of language control: production and comprehension Julia Festman and John W. Schwieter; 24. Neural perspectives of language control Arturo Hernandez; Part VII. Consequences of Bilingualism: 25. Cognitive consequences of bilingualism: executive control and cognitive reserve Ellen Bialystok and Fergus Craik; 26. Does bilingual exercise enhance cognitive fitness in traditional non-linguistic executive processing tasks? Matthew Hilchey, Jean Saint-Aubin and Raymond Klein; 27. Neural consequences of bilingualism for cortical and subcortical function Jennifer Krizman and Viorica Marian; 28. How bilingualism shapes the mental lexicon Gary Libben and Mira Goral; 29. Losing a first language to a second language Eve Higby and Loraine Obler; 30. Moving beyond two languages: the effects of multilingualism on language processing and language learning Jared Linck, Erica Michael, Ewa Golonka, Alina Twist and John W. Schwieter.

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Book SynopsisOscan was spoken in Southern Italy in the second half of the first millennium BC. Here, for the first time, all the evidence for the spelling of Oscan in the Greek alphabet is collected and examined. Understanding the orthography of these inscriptions has far-reaching implications for the historical phonology and morphology of Oscan and the Italic languages (for example providing unique evidence for the reconstruction of the genitive plural). A striking discovery is the lack of a standardised orthography for Oscan in the Greek alphabet, which seriously problematises attempts to date inscriptions by assuming the consistent chronological development of spelling features. There are also intriguing insights into the linguistic situation in South Italy. Rather than a separate community of Oscan-speakers who had adopted and subsequently adapted the Greek alphabet in isolation, we should posit groups who were in touch with contemporary developments in Greek orthography due to widespread Greek-Oscan bilingualism--Table of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Vowels; 3. Consonants; 4. Influence from the Oscan alphabet; 5. Conclusions; 6. Oscan words discussed in this book.

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Book SynopsisProbability comes of age with this, the first dictionary of probability and its applications in English, which supplies a guide to the concepts and vocabulary of this rapidly expanding field. Besides the basic theory of probability and random processes, applications covered here include financial and insurance mathematics, operations research (including queueing, reliability, and inventories), decision and game theory, optimization, time series, networks, and communication theory, as well as classic problems and paradoxes. The dictionary is reliable, stable, concise, and cohesive. Each entry provides a rigorous definition, a sketch of the context, and a reference pointing the reader to the wider literature. Judicious use of figures makes complex concepts easier to follow without oversimplifying. As the only dictionary on the market, this will be a guiding reference for all those working in, or learning, probability together with its applications.Trade Review'To construct a dictionary about such an enormous field is a daunting task, and David Stirzaker deserves high praise, first for even attempting to do so, and second for the success he has achieved. A dictionary's usefulness depends on its organisation as well as on the quality of the individual entries, and this book's structure is simple and logical: two initial pages list the abbreviations and symbols, then the main body of 3000-odd entries with easy-to-use cross-referencing, ending with an appendix of probability distributions … I shall be delighted to possess this authoritative tome. It will sit alongside Abramowitz and Steguns' Handbook of Mathematical Functions as a reliable source of enlightenment.' John Haigh, University of SussexTable of ContentsPreface; Table of distributions; The dictionary.

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Book SynopsisIntegrates research findings from across the cognitive sciences to answer the question of why frequency has the effects it has. It generates insights that challenge the way in which frequency has been interpreted in usage-based linguistics and serves as a cross-disciplinary point of reference for discussions of frequency in language.Trade Review'This book is a compendium of concepts, theories and practices at the intersection of cognitive linguistics, corpus linguistics, quantitative linguistics, computational linguistics, psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics, and the like … students and teachers of cognitive linguistics, corpus linguistics, quantitative linguistics, computational linguistics, psycholinguistics, and neurolinguistics should read.' Mayowa Akinlotan, LINGUIST List'This book presents a critical overview of language learning research, drawing attention to insights from experimental and corpus-based work as well as some of the challenges that lay ahead in understanding cognition and language learning. A key strength of this book is the way that it presents a clear and accessible account of usage-based approaches to understanding language structure, language learning, and language use. This work has important theoretical and methodological contributions for the field.' Kevin McManus, Recommended reading mentioned in Crosslinguistic Influence and Second Language Learning'This eloquently written book brings to the front a foundational property of human language, our sensitivity to the frequency distribution of linguistic items. The work further discusses how this property serves as the atomistic component of several key cognitive abilities, making the book an essential read for a modern, probability-based understanding of human cognition.' Neguine Rezaii, Harvard Medical SchoolTable of ContentsIntroduction: 1. Frequency of experience; 2. A cognitive perspective on language; 3. What this book is not about; 4. What this book is about; Part I: 5. Counting occurrences: how frequency made its way into the study of language; 5.1. The frequency wars: the role of frequency in nativist and nurturist frameworks; 5.2. Lexical statistics and word (frequency) lists; 5.3. Word lists in psycholinguistics: the discovery of the (word) frequency effect; 5.4. Word frequency distributions and the beginning of quantitative linguistics; 5.5. Summary and outlook; 6. Measuring exposure: frequency as s linguistic game-changer; 6.1 Frequency and usage-based theories of language; 6.2. Frequency measures that have played an important role in the development of usage-based theories of language; 6.3. Summary and outlook; 7. More than frequencies: towards a probabilistic view on language; 7.1. Constructing a grammar from the ground up; 7.2. probabilistic grammar; 7.3. Probabilities link linguistics to information theory; 7.4. Summary and outlook; Part II: 8. Committing experiences to memory; 8.1. What is memory?; 8.2. The physiology or neurobiology of memory; 8.3. Memory systems, memory processes and neural mechanisms of memory storage; 8.4. Behavioural diagnostics of memory for language; 8.5. Summary and outlook; 9. Entrenching linguistic structures; 9.1. Entrenchment in the mind, or in society?; 9.2. Three types of entrenchment; 9.3. How are repeated experiences recorded?; 9.4. Frequently asked questions; 9.5. Summary and outlook; Part III: 10. The brain's attention-orienting mechanisms; 10.1. Grasping the phenomenon: what is attention and what does it do?; 10.2. Ways of deploying attention; 10.3. Attention and memory: encoding and retrieving information; 10.4. Summary and outlook; 11. Salience: capturing attention in and through language; 11.1. Capturing attention in language: linguistics versus psychology; 11.2. Attention and salience; 11.3. Conclusions and outlook; Part IV: 12. Predicting: using past experience to guide future action; 12.1. Predicting from stored memories; 12.2. Memoryless prediction: Bayesian predictive coding frameworks; 12.3. What does predictive processing mean for language cognition? 12.4. Conclusions and outlook; 13. Learning: navigating frequency, recency, context and contingency; 13.1. Background: learning theory; 13.2 Applications to linguistics; 13.3. Conclusions: the place of frequency in a learning theoretic approach to language; 14. Conclusions; 14.1. Why do frequencies of occurrence play an important role in usage-based linguistics?; 14.2 How can frequency be used to explain the construction of a grammar from the ground up?; 14.3. Memory, attention and learning in the emergence of grammar; 14.4. Looking forward: what lessons can we learn?; 14.5. By way of conclusion.

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Book SynopsisBy the award-winning former president of the Linguistic Society of America, this collection of some of John Russell Rickford''s pioneering works shows how linguists in sociolinguistics and creole studies can benefit from utilizing data, theories and methods from each other, as they more frequently did in the 1960s and 1970s, when both subfields, in their modern forms at least, were getting started. The volume addresses fundamental sociolinguistic topics such as social class, style, fieldwork, speech community, sociolinguistic competence and language attitudes with data from Guyanese and other Caribbean creoles. Recurrent concepts are also considered including language versatility, variation and change, vernacular use, school success and criminal justice in African America and the Caribbean, using models, case studies and methodologies from sociolinguistics. Theoretical and applied scholars, students apprehensive about sociolinguistic fieldwork, and those considering dynamic methods likTrade Review'A much-needed collection showcasing the breadth of Rickford's work. Rickford always underpins careful descriptive work with integrity, and a deep commitment to the theoretical and moral dimensions of intellectual inquiry.' Miriam Meyerhoff, Victoria University of Wellington'This book has a broad scope, addressing methodological and theoretical issues in sociolinguistics and creole studies, but also in applied and forensic linguistics. The chapters related to language, education, and law are great examples of how the work of linguists can have a meaningful impact on people's lives and the communities they investigate. In this sense, this book is very inspiring; it is a call for action. Action is needed because, as Rickford writes [(p. 49)], although 'all languages are POTENTIALLY equal, […] ACTUAL equality of languages is a myth.' Linguists, as the specialists in language, can act on this. Also, throughout the book Rickford points toward areas of research where more work is needed. This, in my opinion, can be especially useful to students and young scholars.' Marie-Eve Bouchard, LINGUIST List'This collection brings together a number of influential articles authored by John Rickford, one of the foremost sociolinguists of our time … Rickford's astute analysis and proposals have by no means lost any of their relevance. Quite to the contrary: they starkly demonstrate that it is high time for research on pidgins and creoles to reignite its engagement with sociolinguistic concerns and theorizing. Investigations into pidgins and creoles including the analysis of their usage patterns have much to offer to today's largely English and monolingually focused sociolinguistic paradigm, and creolists will gain more nuanced views of pidgins and creoles through the kind of sociolinguistic research that Rickford has championed.' Bettina Migge, Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages'The book draws largely from Rickford's experiences as a fieldworker in Cane Walk in Guyana and a range of creoles. This collection of curated articles and essays written specifically for the text is telling of the magnitude of Rickford's contribution to sociolinguistics and creole studies' Wilfred Fimone, Language in SocietyTable of ContentsForeword Gillian Sankoff; Acknowledgements; Introduction; 1. Sociolinguistic fieldwork in a racial and political maelstrom: getting in, getting on, and primary recording instruments and techniques; 2. Symbol of powerlessness and degeneracy? Or symbol of solidarity and truth? Paradoxical attitudes towards pidgins and creoles with Elizabeth Closs Traugott; 3. 'Me Tarzan, you Jane!': cognition, expression and the creole speaker; 4. The haves and have nots: sociolinguistic surveys and the assessment of speaker competence; 5. Connections between sociolinguistics and pidgin-creole studies; 6. Implicational scales; 7. Variation and the versatility approach to language arts in schools and societies with Angela E. Rickford; 8. Le Page's theoretical and applied legacy in sociolinguistics and creole studies; 9. The social and the linguistic in sociolinguistic variation: Mii en noo (me ain' know); 10. A variationist approach to subject-aux question inversion in Bajan and other Caribbean creole Englishes, AAVE and Appalachian with Robin Melnick; 11. Situation: stylistic variation in sociolinguistic corpora and theory; 12. Language and linguistic on trial: hearing Rachel Jeantel (and other vernacular speakers) in the courtroom and beyond with Sharese King; 13 The continuing need for new approaches to social class analysis in sociolinguistics; 14. Concord and conflict in the speech community; 15. The joy of sociolinguistic fieldwork.

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Book SynopsisThe most authoritative resource for students and researchers, The Cambridge Handbook of Child Language has been thoroughly updated and extended. Enhancements include new chapters on the acquisition of words, processing deficits in children with specific language impairments, and language in children with Williams syndrome, new authors for the bilingualism and autism chapters, a refocused discourse chapter on written narratives, and a new section on reading and reading disorders, cementing the handbook''s position as the best study of the subject available. In a wide-ranging survey, language development is traced from prelinguistic infancy to adolescence in typical and atypical contexts; the material is intuitively grouped into six thematic sections, enabling readers to easily find specific in-depth information. With topics as varied as statistical learning, bilingualism, and the neurobiology of reading disorders, this multidisciplinary Handbook is an essential reference for students anTable of ContentsList of figures; List of tables; List of contributors; Acknowledgements; 1. Introduction: perspectives on child language Letitia R. Naigles and Edith L. Bavin; Part I. Theoretical and Methodological Approaches: 2. Innateness and learnability Virginia Valian; 3. Statistical learning Erik Thiessen and Lucy Erickson; 4. Neurocognition of language development Angela D. Friederici and Michael A. Skeide; 5. The usage-based theory of language acquisition Michael Tomasello; 6. Crosslinguistic approaches to language acquisition Sabine Stoll; Part II. Early Developments: 7. Speech perception Suzanne Curtin and Stephanie Archer; 8. Crosslinguistic perspectives on segmentation and categorization in early language acquisition Barbara Höhle; 9. From gesture to word Susan Goldin-Meadow; Part III. Phonology, Morphology and Syntax: 10. Babbling and words: a dynamic systems perspective on phonological development Marilyn M. Vihman, Rory A. DePaolis and Tamar Keren-Portnoy; 11. The acquisition of prosodic phonology and morphology Katherine Demuth; 12. The acquisition of grammatical categories Heike Behrens; 13. Verb argument structure Shanley E. M. Allen; 14. The first language acquisition of complex sentences Barbara Lust, Claire Foley ‎and Cristina D. Dye; 15. The morphosyntax interface Kamil Ud Deen; Part IV. Semantics, Pragmatics and Discourse: 16. Lexical meaning Eve V. Clark; 17. The acquisition of words Susan A. Graham, Valerie San Juan and Ena Vukatana; 18. Sentence scope Stephen Crain; 19. Sentence processing Jesse Snedeker and Yi Ting Huang; 20. Pragmatic development Judith Becker Bryant; 21. Language development beyond the sentence Ruth Berman; Part V. Varieties of Development: 22. Language development in bilingual children Erika Hoff; 23. Sign language acquisition studies Diane Lillo-Martin; 24. Children with specific language impairment (SLI) J. Bruce Tomblin; 25. Language symptoms and their possible sources of specific language impairment Laurence B. ‎Leonard; 26. Processing deficits in children with language impairments Lisa M. D. Archibald and Nicolette B. Noonan; 27. Language development in genetic disorders Fiona M. Richardson and Michael S. C. Thomas; 28. Language development in children with Williams syndrome: genes, modularity, and the importance of development Shevaun Lewis and Barbara Landau; 29. Language in children with autism spectrum disorders Letitia Naigles and Iris Chin; Part VI. Reading: 30. Precursors to reading: phonological awareness and letter knowledge Eva Marinus and Anne Castles; 31. Reading disorders Fiona J. Duff and Margaret J. Snowling; 32. Predictors of reading skills across languages Heikki ‎Lyytinen, Hua Shu and Ulla Richardson; 33. Neurobiology of reading disorders: implications of functional neuroimaging studies in dyslexia and specific reading comprehension deficits Katherine Swett, Stephen Bailey, Angela Sefcik and Laurie Cutting; 34. The development of reading comprehension skill: processing and memory Julie A. Van Dyke and Nicole Landi; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisMillions of Americans routinely spend half their working day or more with their hands on keyboards and their minds on audiences - writing so much, in fact, that they have less time and appetite for reading. In this highly anticipated sequel to her award-winning Literacy in American Lives, Deborah Brandt moves beyond laments about the decline of reading to focus on the rise of writing. What happens when writing overtakes reading as the basis of people''s daily literate experience? How does a societal shift toward writing affect the ways that people develop their literacy and understand its value? Drawing on recent interviews with people who write every day, Brandt explores this major turn in the development of mass literacy and examines the serious challenges it poses for America''s educational mission and civic health.Trade Review'Based on seven years of interviewing people in workplaces, for the state, and as authors this remarkable book makes strong claims about the growing significance of writing. I was drawn into it from the first page of the introduction and just wanted to read on all the time.' David Barton, Lancaster University'Through fascinating case studies that range from veteran ghostwriters to aspiring young authors, Deborah Brandt documents a significant trend: many of us now spend much of our daily lives composing texts. In such a world, she cogently argues, literacy research and teaching should focus on more than just skills of reading. With her usual acumen, rigor and eloquence, she calls for expanded attention to our new society of writing. She herself helps us understand it and think about how it might flourish.' John Schilb, Indiana UniversityTable of ContentsIntroduction: the rise of mass writing; 1. The status of writing; 2. Writing for the State; 3. Occupation: author/writing over reading in the literacy development of contemporary young adults; 4. When everybody writes; Conclusion: deep writing; Appendices; Notes; Bibliography.

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Book SynopsisIrony is an intriguing topic, central to the study of meaning in language. This book provides an introduction to the pragmatics of irony. It surveys key work carried out on irony in a range of disciplines such as semantics, pragmatics, philosophy and literary studies, and from a variety of theoretical perspectives including Grice''s approach, Sperber and Wilson''s echoic account, and Clark and Gerrig''s pretense theory. It looks at a number of uses of irony and explores how irony can be misunderstood cross-culturally, before delving into the key debates on the pragmatics of irony: is irony always negative? Why do speakers communicate via irony, and which strategies do they usually employ? How are irony and sarcasm different? Is irony always funny? To answer these questions, basic pragmatic notions are introduced and explained. It includes multiple examples and activities to enable the reader to apply the theoretical frameworks to actual everyday instances of irony.Table of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Irony as opposition; 3. Irony as echo; 4. Irony as pretense; 5. Attitude expression in irony; 6. Clues of irony; 7. Sarcasm and humour.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a comprehensive overview of the study of language and place, focusing on how 'place' has featured in language variation and change research. Specialist researchers explore new methods for regional analysis and examine how processes of language variation and change have been affected by time and space.Trade Review'The volume will have much appeal to established academics and students alike, as a current resource for research and teaching, particularly in the areas of language and identity, language contact, and sociolinguistics more broadly. The appeal and usefulness of the collection reflect the consistently high standard of the research but also the enjoyability of the volume as a collection of work.' Katherine McCooey-Heap, The Modern Language ReviewTable of ContentsPart I. Changing Places: 1. Changing places: tracking innovation and obsolescence across generations Sali A. Tagliamonte; 2. Changing sounds in a changing city: an acoustic phonetic investigation of real-time change over a century of Glaswegian Jane Stuart-Smith, Brian José, Tamara Rathcke, Rachel Macdonald and Eleanor Lawson; 3. Local vs. supralocal: preserving language and identity in Newfoundland Sandra Clarke; 4. Variation and change in the realisation of /r/ in an isolated Northumbrian dialect Warren Maguire; Part II. Describing Places: 5. Corpora for regional and social analysis Karen P. Corrigan; 6. Using archives to conduct collaborative research on language and region Fiona Douglas; 7. Maps and mapping in (perceptual) dialect geography Chris Montgomery; 8. Which way to look?: perspectives on 'urban' and 'rural' in dialectology David Britain; Part III. Identifying Places: 9. Identifying places: the role of borders Dominic Watt and Carmen Llamas; 10. 'I stole it from a letter, off your tongue it rolled': the performance of dialect in Glasgow's indie music scene Miriam Krause and Jennifer Smith; 11. Where the black country meets 'black Barnsley': dialect variation and identity in an ex-mining community of Barnsley Kate Burland; 12. 'The land steward wouldn't have a woman farmer': the interaction between language, life trajectory and gender in an island community Emma Moore and Paul Carter; Part IV. Enregistering Places: 13. Characterological figures and expressive style in the enregisterment of linguistic variety Barbara Johnstone; 14. Enregisterment, and the social meaning of howay': dialect and identity in north-east England Julia Snell; 15. Indexing Acadian identities Ruth King; 16. 'Turtlely amazing': the enregisterment of 'Yorkshire' dialect and the possibility of GOAT fronting as a newly-enregistered feature Paul Cooper.

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Book SynopsisThis book discusses the theoretical limits of information transfer in random wireless networks or ad hoc networks, where nodes are distributed uniformly in space and there is no centralised control. It provides a detailed analysis of the two relevant notions of capacity for random wireless networks transmission capacity and throughput capacity. The book starts with the transmission capacity framework that is first presented for the single-hop model and later extended to the multi-hop model with retransmissions. Reusing some of the tools developed for analysis of transmission capacity, a few key long-standing questions about the performance analysis of cellular networks are also provided for the benefit of students. The discussion goes further into the concept of hierarchical co-operation that allows throughput capacity to scale linearly with the number of nodes. The author finally discusses the concept of hierarchical co-operation that allows throughput capacity to scale linearly with the number of nodes.Table of ContentsList of figures; Preface; Acknowledgements; Notations; 1. Introduction; 2. Transmission capacity of ad hoc networks; 3. Multiple antennas; 4. Two-way networks; 5. Performance analysis of cellular networks; 6. Delay normalized transmission capacity; 7. Percolation theory; 8. Percolation and connectivity in wireless networks; 9. Throughput capacity; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Cambridge Encyclopedia of Child Development remains the most authoritative and accessible account of all aspects of child development. Written by an international team of experts, its comprehensive coverage includes everything from prenatal development to adolescence, pediatrics, theories and research methods, physical development, social and emotional development, perceptual and cognitive development, language development, psychopathology, and parenting. The second edition has also been thoroughly updated to reflect major developments over the last decade in areas such as neuroscientific methods, developmental cognitive and social neuroscience, the effects of environmental influences on gene expression, and the relationship between human development and evolution. Throughout 124 entries, the Encyclopedia advocates an integrated, interdisciplinary approach to the study of child development. With clear, jargon-free style and user-friendly format, this is the essential reference for Trade Review'A marvellous resource, comprehensive in scope and thoughtful and timely in terms of its coverage, the Encyclopaedia has updated to reflect the many advances in child development, particularly developmental neuroscience. It will appeal to a broad range of professionals interested in current knowledge in child development.' Fred Volkmar, Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, Connecticut'This new edition of The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Child Development is a welcome entry for all who are concerned with child development. It is broad in scope, balanced in empirical and theoretical coverage, and captures the latest advances in this area. It will be of great value to a wide audience – students, scholars, and policy makers.' Ross D. Parke, Distinguished Professor of Psychology, Emeritus, University of California, Riverside'There has been a revolution in the study of child development. The editors have assembled a set of readable and authoritative summaries of key advances in the field, ranging from brain to behavior and theory to practice. This is a unique guide to the fascinating, surprising, and useful discoveries about children that have emerged in the scientific literature. It teaches us not only about children, but about how we become who we are as adults.' Andrew N. Meltzoff, Co-author, The Scientist in the Crib'This Encyclopedia provides a comprehensive and up-to-date guide on the latest information in the field from an impressive array of international scholars.' Tama Leventhal, Tufts University, Massachusetts'The editors have achieved an elegant balance between the demands of neuroscientific approaches and developmental or psychological disciplines by addressing the widest possible range of sub-disciplines within the field … This resource's comprehensive approach - presenting solid scientific background in a clear and practical style - make this an excellent choice for undergraduates beginning their study of human development.' R. L. Wadham, ChoiceTable of ContentsPart I. Theories of Development; Part II. Methods in Child Development Research; Part III. Prenatal Development and the Newborn; Part IV. Perceptual and Cognitive Development; Part V. Language and Communication Development; Part VI. Social and Emotional Development; Part VII. Motor and Related Development; Part VIII. Postnatal Brain Development; Part IX. Developmental Pathology; Part X. Crossing the Borders; Part XI. Speculations about Future Directions.

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Book SynopsisWritten by an international team of leading scholars, this engaging textbook on the study of English historical linguistics is uniquely organized in terms of theoretical approaches and perspectives. Each chapter features textboxes, case studies, suggestions for further reading and exercises, enabling students to understand the strengths and weaknesses of each approach and guiding them on undertaking further research. The case studies and exercises guide students in approaching and manipulating empirical data, providing them with hands-on experience of conducting linguistic research. An extensive variety of approaches, from traditional to contemporary, is treated, including generative approaches, historical sociolinguistic and pragmatic approaches, psycholinguistic perspectives, grammaticalization theory, and discourse-based approaches, as well as perspectives on standardization and language variation. Each chapter applies the concepts discussed to data from the history of English, and a glossary of key terms enables easy navigation and quick cross-referencing. An essential resource for advanced undergraduate and graduate students of the history of English linguistics.Trade Review'The book identifies and addresses the typical shortcomings of an English historical linguistics textbook: the insufficient awareness of and coverage of the ['bird's-eye view'] of the discipline.' Matylda Włodarczyk, Pragmatics.ReviewsTable of Contents1. The study of English historical linguistics Laurel J. Brinton; 2. The scope of English historical linguistics Raymond Hickey; 3. Generative approaches Cynthia L. Allen; 4. Psycholinguistic perspectives Martin Hilpert; 5. Corpus-based approaches Marianne Hundt and Anne-Christine Gardner; 6. Approaches to grammaticalization and lexicalization Lieselotte Brems and Sebastian Hoffman; 7. Inferential-based approaches María José López-Couso; 8. Discourse-based approaches Claudia Claridge; 9. Sociohistorical approaches Peter J. Grund; 10. Historical pragmatic approaches Laurel J. Brinton; 11. Perspectives on standardization Ingrid Tieken-Boon van Ostade; 12. Perspectives on geographical variation Merja Stenroos; 13. Perspectives on language contact Edgar W. Schneider.

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Book SynopsisLegal practitioners, linguists, anthropologists, philosophers and others have all explored fundamental challenges presented by language in formulating, interpreting and applying laws. Building on centuries of interaction between legal practice and jurisprudence, the modern field of ''law and language'', or ''forensic linguistics'', brings insights in linguistics and related fields to bear on topics including legal drafting and translation, statutory interpretation, expert evidence on language use and dynamics of courtroom interaction. This volume presents an interlocking series of research studies engaged with different legal jurisdictions and socio-political contexts as well as with the more abstract notion of ''law''. Together the chapters, written by international leaders in their fields, highlight recent directions in research and investigate in particular how law expresses yet also conceals power relations in its crafted use of words and in the gaps and silence between those words.Trade Review'The editors of this book have put together a collection of articles discussing the unsaid in law, which is broad in scope and wide-ranging in theoretical backgrounds, making it a must for all those interested in the language of the law, and its implications.' Dennis Kurzon, University of Haifa, Israel'… a worthwhile book. Several chapters deploy linguistics to shed light on legal problems in a way that could potentially be of real benefit to the law.' Geoffrey Sampson, LINGUIST List'… I see this as a worthwhile book. Several chapters deploy linguistics to shed light on legal problems in a way that could potentially be of real benefit to the law …' Geoffrey Sampson, The LINGUIST ListTable of ContentsEditors' Introduction Janny H. C. Leung and Alan Durant; Part I. Sui generis or Socially Problematic: The Character of Legal Language: 1. The unspoken language of the law Laura Nader; 2. Seeing sense: the complexity of key words that tell us what law is Alan Durant; 3. Hiding in plain sight: the category of ordinary language and the case law domain of transgender marriage Christopher Hutton; Part II. Imperfect Fit between Legal Categories and Social Discourse: 4. Effects of translation on the invisible power wielded by language in the legal sphere: the case of Nepal Katsuo Nawa; 5. The language of film and the representation of legal subjectivity in Juno Mak's Rigor Mortis Marco Wan; Part III. Written in Silence: Hidden Social Meanings in Legal Discourse: 6. Let the fingers do the talking: language, gesture and power in closing argument Greg Matoesian and Kristin Enola Gilbert; 7. Questions about questioning: courtroom practice in China and the USA Meizhen Liao; 8. Law, language and community sentiment: behind hate speech doctrine in India Siddharth Narrain; Part IV. Conflict between Linguistic and Legal ideologies: 9. When voices fail to carry: voice projection and the case of the 'dumb' jury Chris Heffer; 10. Ideology and political meaning in legal translation Janny H. C. Leung; Part V. Demands of Law and Limits of Language: 11. Law and the grammar of judgment Janet Ainsworth; 12. Legal indeterminacy in the spoken word Lawrence M. Solan and Silvia Dahmen; Afterword: 13. The said of the unsaid Peter Goodrich.

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Book SynopsisBinomials, such as for and against, dead or alive, to have and to hold, can be broadly defined as two words belonging to the same grammatical category and linked by a semantic relationship. They are an important phraseological phenomenon present throughout the history of the English language. This volume offers a range of studies on binomials, their types and functions from Old English through to the present day. Searching for motivations and characteristic features of binomials in a particular genre or writer, the chapters engage with many linguistic levels of analysis, such as phonology or semantics, and explore the important role of translation. Drawing on philological and corpus-linguistic approaches, the authors employ qualitative and quantitative methods, setting the discussion firmly in the extra-linguistic context. Binomials and their extended forms - multinomials - emerge from these discussions as an important phraseological tool, with rich applications and complex motivationsTrade Review'Binomials in the History of English contains chapters providing detailed, interesting, and highly informative historical descriptions of binomials in English: fixed structures such as to and fro or knife and fork that are joined by a coordinator. Individual chapters contain descriptions of the form and function of these structures in texts taken from all the major periods of English, ranging from the roles that they played in Old English poetry and law to their stylistic uses in modern English novels.' Charles Meyer, University of Massachusetts, BostonTable of Contents1. Defining and exploring binomials Joanna Kopaczyk and Hans Sauer; Part I. Old English: 2. Pragmatic and stylistic functions of binomials in Old English R. D. Fulk; 3. Fixity and flexibility in Wulfstan's binomials Don Chapman; 4. Binomials, word pairs and variation as a feature of style in Old English poetry Michiko Ogura; 5. Binomials or not? Double glosses in Farman's gloss to the Rushworth Gospels Tadashi Kotake; 6. Lexical pairs and their function in the Eadwine Psalter manuscript Paulina Zagórska; Part II. Middle English: 7. Binomials in Middle English poetry: Havelok, Ywain and Gawain, The Canterbury Tales Ulrike Schenk; 8. Binomials in Caxton's Ovid (Book I) Elisabeth Kubaschewski; 9. Binomial glosses in translation: the case of the Wycliffite Bible Marcin Krygier; Part III. Early Modern English: 10. Binomials in several editions of the Kalender of Shepherdes, an Early Modern English almanac Hanna Rutkowska; 11. Binomials and multinomials in Sir Thomas Elyot's The Boke Named The Gouernour Melanie Sprau; 12. 'I do make and ordayne this my last wyll and testament in maner and forme Folowing': functions of binomials in Early Modern English Protestant wills Ulrich Bach; 13. 'Shee gave Selfe both Soule and body to the Devill': the use of binomials in the Salem witchcraft trials of 1692 Kathleen L. Doty and Mark Wicklund; 14. Binomials and multinomials in early modern English parliamentary acts Anu Lehto; Part IV. To the Present: 15. Developments in the frequency of English binomials, 1600–2000 Sandra Mollin; 16. Binomials in English novels of the late modern period: fixedness, formulaicity and style Jukka Tyrkkö; 17. On the linguistic and social development of a binomial: the example of to have and to hold Ursula Schaefer.

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Book SynopsisFrom the barbed, childish taunt on the school playground, to the eloquent sophistry of a lawyer prising open a legal loophole in a court of law, meaning arises each time we use language to communicate with one another. How we use language - to convey ideas, make requests, ask a favour, and express anger, love or dismay - is of the utmost importance; indeed, linguistic meaning can be a matter of life and death. In The Crucible of Language, Vyvyan Evans explains what we know, and what we do, when we communicate using language; he shows how linguistic meaning arises, where it comes from, and the way language enables us to convey the meanings that can move us to tears, bore us to death, or make us dizzy with delight. Meaning is, he argues, one of the final frontiers in the mapping of the human mind.Trade Review'Evans has reclaimed language from the dry dissection of grammatical structure and returned it to the public as a topic to think deeply about.' Alun Anderson, New ScientistTable of ContentsPart I. The Ineffability of Meaning: 1. Introduction: unweaving a mystery; 2. The alchemist, the crucible, and the ineffability of meaning; Part II. Meaning in Mind: 3. Patterns in language, patterns in the mind; 4. Time is our fruit fly; 5. Concepts body forth; 6. The concept-making engine (or how to build a baby); 7. The act of creation; Part III. Meaning in Language: 8. Webs of words; 9. Meaning in the mix; 10. The cooperative species; 11. The crucible of language; Epilogue: the golden triangle.

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Book SynopsisThis unique text helps make sense of big data in engineering applications using tools and techniques from signal processing. It presents fundamental signal processing theories and software implementations, reviews current research trends and challenges, and describes the techniques used for analysis, design and optimization. Readers will learn about key theoretical issues such as data modelling and representation, scalable and low-complexity information processing and optimization, tensor and sublinear algorithms, and deep learning and software architecture, and their application to a wide range of engineering scenarios. Applications discussed in detail include wireless networking, smart grid systems, and sensor networks and cloud computing. This is the ideal text for researchers and practising engineers wanting to solve practical problems involving large amounts of data, and for students looking to grasp the fundamentals of big data analytics.Trade Review'A very nice balanced treatment over two large-scale signal processing aspects: mathematical backgrounds versus big data applications, with a strong flavor of distributed optimization and computation.' Shuguang Cui, University of California, DavisTable of ContentsPart I. Overview of Big Data Applications: 1. Introduction; 2. Data parallelism: the supporting architecture; Part II. Methodology and Mathematical Background: 3. First order methods; 4. Sparse optimization; 5. Sublinear algorithms; 6. Tensor for big data; 7. Deep learning and applications; Part III. Big Data Applications: 8. Compressive sensing based big data analysis; 9. Distributed large-scale optimization; 10. Optimization of finite sums; 11. Big data optimization for communication networks; 12. Big data optimization for smart grid systems; 13. Processing large data set in MapReduce; 14. Massive data collection using wireless sensor networks.

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Book SynopsisAn accessible and thorough introduction to implicatures, a key topic in pragmatics. It will appeal to students and teachers in linguistics, applied linguistics, psychology and sociology, who are interested in how language is used for communication, and how children and second language learners develop pragmatic skills.Trade Review'… will be indispensable for those focussing on implicatures in teaching or research. Most helpful is its consideration of implicatures from within the three different frameworks. I commend the authors for this useful contribution to the field of pragmatics.' Todd A. Scacewater, Journal of Language, Culture, and Religion'Given the extent to which Implicatures manages not only to provide a concise overview of the topic, but also to introduce novel perspectives in relation to it, it is bound to become an indispensable resource for both newcomers and established researchers in these fields. I am certain that several of its main arguments … have a real potential to push our understanding of the issues that surround this notoriously elusive, but at the same time all too interesting, category of linguistic meaning even further.' Stavros Assimakopoulos, LanguageTable of ContentsPart I. Theoretical Foundations: 1. Ordinary language philosophy and the birth of pragmatics; 2. Linguistic theory and pragmatics; 3. Relevance theory and the broadening of pragmatics to explicit meaning; Part II. Types of Implicatures: 4. Particularized Conversational Implicatures: why there are conversational implicatures; 5. Conventional implicature and presupposition: formal semantics and pragmatics; 6. Generalized conversational implicatures: Gricean, neo-Gricean and post-Gricean pragmatics; Part III. Empirical Evidence: 7. Implicatures and language processing; 8. The acquisition of implicatures in the course of first language development; 9. Implicatures and second language acquisition; Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides the first comprehensive introduction to the newly-emerging science of mobile phone behavior. It presents the unexpected complexity of human mobile phone behavior through four basic aspects of mobile phone usage (users, technologies, activities, and effects), and then explores four major domains of such behavior (medicine, business, education, and everyday life). Chapters open with thoughts on mobile phone usage and behavior from interviews with cell phone users, then present a series of scientific studies, synthesized knowledge, and real-life cases, concluding with complex but highly readable analyses of each aspect of mobile phone behavior. Readers should achieve two intellectual goals: gaining a usable knowledge of the complexity of mobile phone behaviour, and developing the skills to analyze the complexity of mobile phone usage - and further technological behaviors.Table of Contents1. The science of mobile phone behavior; 2. Mobile phone users; 3. Mobile phone technologies; 4. Mobile phone activities; 5. Mobile phone effects; 6. Mobile phone behavior in medicine; 7. Mobile phone behaviors in business; 8. Mobile phone behavior in education; 9. Mobile phone behavior in daily life; 10. The complexity of mobile phone behaviors.

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Book SynopsisPresenting a range of data obtained from secondary schools in the UK and US, this path-breaking book explores the role played by language in constructing sexual identities. Analysing the often complex ways in which homophobia, heterosexism and heteronormativity are enacted within school contexts, it shows that by analysing language, we can discover much about how educators and students experience sexual diversity in their schools, how sexual identities are constructed through language, and how different statuses are ascribed to different sexual identities.Trade Review'An outstanding piece of scholarship. Her meticulous, queer linguistically informed analyses of communicative practices in educational contexts reveal graphically that sexuality-related discrimination and invisibility still form harmful discourses that systematically affect learners and learning in negative ways. A seminal text for queer applied linguistics and an important addition to the field of language and sexuality studies.' Heiko Motschenbacher, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, BergenTable of ContentsIntroduction; 1. Confronting the context; 2. Researching language and sexuality in educational settings; 3. Using sociolinguistic frameworks to explore the school experiences of LGBT+ Yyouth; 4. Educators' perspectives on language and sexual diversity in schools; 5. Exploring ideologies of sexuality in curriculum documents; 6. SRE classroom interaction analysis and the construction of sexual identities; Closing remarks; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a rigorous yet accessible introduction to the scientific study of sociology and other social sciences. It is designed to provide students with the basic tools needed to be both critical consumers and beginning producers of scholarly social science research.Trade Review'Kellstedt, Whitten, and Tuch provide an accessible, sophisticated text. With well-chosen examples, they show why a full understanding of research design, theory construction, and causal inference is essential for effective use of our modern toolkit of data analysis techniques.' Stephen L. Morgan, Johns Hopkins University'A comprehensive and well-written introduction to the techniques and logic of social research. The logic and application of a wide range of methodological techniques are explained eloquently and clearly, and the examples used cut across social science disciplines. This book should be widely used in methods courses across the social sciences.' George Wilson, University of Miami'This valuable textbook is unique for two reasons: first, it seamlessly integrates theory, research design, and data analysis, providing students with the foundation required to develop empirically grounded research projects that can make theoretical progress in social science. Second, it is accessible and engaging, drawing students in and showing them how stimulating and exciting social research can be.' Michael Hughes, Virginia TechTable of ContentsList of Figures; List of Tables; Preface; Acknowledgments; 1. The Scientific Study of Society; 2. The Art of Theory Building; 3. Evaluating Causal Relationships; 4. Research Design; 5. Survey Research; 6. Measuring Concepts of Interest; 7. Getting to Know Your Data; 8. Probability and Statistical Inference; 9. Bivariate Hypothesis Testing; 10. Two-Variable Regression Models; 11. Multiple Regression; 12. Putting it all Together to Produce Effective Research; Appendix A. Critical Values of Chi-square; Appendix B. Critical Values of t; Appendix C. The Λ Link Function for Binomial Logit Models; Appendix D. The Φ Link Function for Binomial Probit Models; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe phenomenon of multimodality is central to our everyday interaction. ''Hybrid'' modes of communication that combine traditional uses of language with imagery, tagging, hashtags and voice-recognition tools have become the norm. Bringing together concepts of meaning and communication across a range of subject areas, including education, media studies, cultural studies, design and architecture, the authors uncover a multimodal grammar that moves away from rigid and language-centered understandings of meaning. They present the first framework for describing and analysing different forms of meaning across text, image, space, body, sound and speech. Succinct summaries of the main thinkers in the fields of language, communications and semiotics are provided alongside rich examples to illustrate the key arguments. A history of media including the genesis of digital media, Unicode, Emoji, XML and HTML, MP3 and more is covered. This book will stimulate new thinking about the nature of meaningTrade Review'… this is a book that could only be written by authors such as Cope and Kalantzis, who have themselves lived through the sheer breadth of the lines of development they bring to readers' attention, making connections and leaps which would in the normal, more circumscribed, business of everyday research rarely occur.' John A. Bateman, Journal of PragmaticsTable of ContentsPart 0. Meaning; Part I. Reference; Part II. Agency; Part III. Structure.

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Book SynopsisHow can we unravel the evolution of language, given that there is no direct evidence about it? Rudolf Botha addresses this intriguing question in his fascinating new book. Inferences can be drawn about language evolution from a range of other phenomena, serving as windows into this prehistoric process. These include shell-beads, fossil skulls and ancestral brains, modern pidgin and creole languages, homesign systems and emergent sign languages, modern motherese, language use of modern hunter-gatherers, first language acquisition, similarities between language and music, and comparative animal behaviour. The first systematic analysis of the Windows Approach, it will be of interest to students and researchers in many disciplines, including anthropology, archaeology, linguistics, palaeontology and primatology, as well as anyone interested in how language evolved.Trade Review'In 2006, Rudie Botha launched an all out attack on the legitimacy of the claim that the South African archaeological site of Blombos had evidence of 'fully syntactic' language 75,000 years ago. No one has been able to counter the logic of his argument, and this book applies that same relentless, illuminating logic to other claims in the study of language origins. In doing so, Botha shows just how carefully any claims must be justified, and just how powerful his Windows Approach is. Students and researchers in archaeology, primatology, linguistics, and comparative ethology cannot ignore this book.' Iain Davidson, University of New England'This book will prove to be a milestone in the field … a meticulous, rigorous, and yet highly readable guide.' Paul T. Roberge, University of North Carolina, Chapel HillTable of ContentsPart I. Preliminaries: 1. The Windows Approach; 2. Conceptual foundations of the approach; Part II. Correlate Windows: 3. Sea shells, ancient beads, and Middle Stone Age symbols; 4. Fossil skulls and ancestral brains; Part III. Analogue Windows: 5. Incipient pidgins and creoles; 6. Homesign systems and emergent sign languages; 7. Modern motherese; 8. Hunter-gatherers' use of language; 9. Language acquisition; Part IV. Abduction Windows: 10. Modern music and language; 11. Comparative animal behaviour; Part V. Epilogue: 12. A tool fit for demystifying language evolution?

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Book SynopsisDelivering professional presentations of scientific work is an important part of an academic''s life. Oral presentations are important not only because you present your scientific work, but also because you present yourself to potential hiring committees, grant committees, and collaborators. This book uses insights from the field of psychology, as well as from the theatre, to teach you how to make a lasting impression. It addresses core topics such as how to design presentation slides, how to practice, and how to deliver your presentation to a range of audiences. Useful exercises are provided to help you cope with presentation anxiety, make the most out of conferences, and adapt your presentation to various formats, audiences, and cultures. It is not easy to present with impact, but this book contains the guidance you need to master the art of presenting.Trade Review'This book should be the go-to resource for anyone who wants to improve their oral presentation skills. It covers every aspect of presenting, from preparation to stress-management. The authors benefit from their own rich experience with presenting scientific work and write in an accessible, often humorous way.' Bianca Beersma, Full Professor of Social Sciences and Organisation, Vrije University, the Netherlands'Finally, a book that gives invaluable advice and examples on how to prepare and give presentations. I wish I’d had this earlier in my career … but I can use it now (maybe you can teach an old dog new tricks)! I am definitely assigning this book to our incoming graduate students.' Kipling D. Williams, Distinguished Professor, Purdue University, USA'Find the answer to any questions you can think of about scientific presentations in this book. It advises on a wide range of subjects, from poster presentations to TED talks. Tips, check-lists, and techniques are supplied in an encouraging manner. This is an indispensable resource for early career researchers and senior scientists.' Kai Sassenberg, Head of the Knowledge Media Research Center’s Social Processes Lab and full Professor, University of Tübingen, Germany'This is a highly accessible, practical guide to presenting and is a must-read for any academic. You will find everything there is to know about presenting, from designing slides to managing presentation anxiety, and it reminds you of the main target of any academic presentation: delivering your core message.' Esther Kluwer, Associate Professor of Social Psychology, Utrecht University, and Professor (by special appointment), Radboud University, the NetherlandsTable of ContentsPart I. Preparing your Presentation: 1. The core message; 2. The pieces of the puzzle; 3. It's all about design: slide design; 4. Practice, practice, practice; Part II. Delivering your Presentation: 5. The moment of truth: Stand up and deliver; 6. Discussion time; 7. Verbal and non-verbal behaviour; 8. How to deal with stress; Part III. Adapting your Presentation: 9. Various presentation formats; 10. Cultural differences; 11. Addressing different audiences; Part IV. Attending Oral Presentations: 12. How to be a good audience member; 13. Making the most of conferences; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis concise textbook provides students with an engaging and thorough overview of the history of Spanish and its development from Latin. Presupposing no prior knowledge of Latin or linguistics, students are provided with the background necessary to understand the history of Spanish. Short, easy-to-digest chapters feature numerous practice exercises and activities. Chapter ''Lead-in'' questions draw comparisons between English and Spanish, enabling students to use their intuition about their native language to gain a deeper understanding of Spanish. Each chapter features further reading suggestions, an outline, and a summary. Highlighted key terms are collated in a glossary. Boxes on linguistic debates teach students to evaluate arguments and think critically about linguistics. Supporting online resources include Word files of all the practices and activities in the book and an instructor''s manual featuring a sample syllabus, answer key to the practices and activities, sample exams andTrade Review'An accessible and illuminating introduction to the fascinating history of the Spanish language over the last two thousand years.' Roger Wright, University of Liverpool'Takes vast and complex material and presents it in a reader-friendly, manageable, and engaging way, to create a welcome addition to the resources that instructors and students of Spanish historical linguistics have at their disposal.' Natalya I. Stolova, Colgate University, New York'Exploits students' natural curiosity and explains what are often quite difficult concepts and complex data in a direct, user-friendly way. There is no other teaching resource for the history of the Spanish language quite like this.' Chris Pountain, Queen Mary University of London'With references throughout to contemporary language and the everyday learning experience (both in Spanish and English) of its target student audience, as well as just the right amount of content, this book seems likely to inspire students of (historical) linguistics for generations to come …' Felix Tacke, Romanische Forschungen'… students like it. This is perhaps the most significant endorsement of all. If those of us who work in historical linguistics want to convey the value of knowing the language's antecedents and draw in a future generation of scholars to our discipline, Ranson and Lubbers Quesada's book is a great way to start.' Cynthia Kauffeld, Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics'an excellent textbook for an introductory course on the history of the Spanish language. The breadth of topics covered, presented in an engaging, easy-to-read style, and the inclusion of a wide-range of thought-provoking activities make it an invaluable resource for students and instructors alike.' Sonia Kania, La corónica: A Journal of Medieval Hispanic Languages, Literatures, and CulturesTable of ContentsList of figures; List of maps; List of tables; Preface for students; Preface for instructors; Acknowledgments; 1. Why do Spanish speakers say el arte but las artes? The value of studying the history of Spanish; 2. Is it wrong to say cantastes instead of cantaste? A linguist's attitude and approach to language; 3. How and why do languages change and how do linguists know?; 4. Did /f/ change to /h/ in Spanish because of Basque? Four moments of language contact in the history of Spanish; 5. Why is Spanish also called Castilian? The standardization process and its effects; 6. How did FESTA become fiesta but FESTÎVUM became festivo? Regular vowel changes; 7. How did ACÛTUM become agudo? Regular consonant changes; 8. Why is 'milk' leche but 'Milky Way' is Via Láctea? Special tonic vowel changes; 9. Why fieldad but lealtad? Special consonant changes; 10. Why do Spanish speakers sometimes say andé instead of anduve? Morphological changes; 11. Why is mano feminine and día masculine? Changes in case, declension, number, and gender; 12. Why do Spanish speakers sometimes say más malo instead of peor? Origins of nominal elements; 13. Why are there so many verb tenses in Spanish? Origins of verbs; 14. Why is comeré the future of comer but sabré is the future of saber? How regular sound change and analogy lead to regular and irregular forms; 15. Do you say veo el gato or veo al gato? Syntactic changes; 16. How did MÛSCŬLUM 'little mouse' become Spanish muslo 'thigh'? Semantic changes; 17. Why perro 'dog' instead of can? Lexical changes; Appendix: Selections from old Spanish texts; El Auto de los Reyes Magos; Cantar de mio Cid; Razon feita d'amor; Milagros de Nuestra Señora; Calila e Dimna; Glossary of terms; Works cited; Word index; Subject index.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides students and researchers of bilingualism with the most recent methodological and theoretical advances on how bilinguals resolve ambiguous information across languages. With reports on the latest findings from the behavioral and neuropsychological fields, the authors survey the latest research into bilingual language-system modelling and bilingual lexical ambiguity processing. Each chapter looks at bilingual ambiguity resolution both at the word and sentence levels, explaining how bilinguals ultimately comprehend ambiguous information arising from languages they already know. This volume not only explores enduring theoretical questions in bilingual research, such as bilingual representation and language processing, but also evaluates the extent to which the existing bilingual models can satisfactorily account for the most recent research findings.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements; Contributors; Preface; Part I. Theoretical and Methodological Considerations: 1. The cross-modal lexical priming paradigm and bilingual exhaustive access Roberto R. Heredia and Anna B. Cieślicka; 2. Theory visualizations for bilingual models of lexical ambiguity resolution J. Benjamin Falandays and Michael J. Spivey; 3. Bilingual lexical access Eva Van Assche, Marc Brysbaert and Wouter Duyck; Part II. Bilingual Lexical Processing: 4. Cognate processing effects in bilingual lexical access Agnieszka Lijewska; 5. Translation ambiguity John Schwieter and Anat Prior; 6. Lexical selection and competition in bilinguals Mikel Santesteban and John Schwieter; Part III. Bilingual Sentence Processing: 7. Bilingual lexical access and reading Pauline Palma and Debra Titone; 8. Online ambiguity resolution in bilingual lexical access Omar García, Anna B. Cieślicka and Roberto R. Heredia; Part IV. Neuroscience of Bilingual Lexical Access: 9. Behavioral and neuro correlates of bilingual lexical ambiguity Veronica Whitford and Erika L. Guedea; 10. Electrophysiology of semantic violations and lexical ambiguity resolution Karolina Rataj; 11. Studying bilingualism through eye tracking and brain imaging Sayuri Hayakawa and Viorica Marian; Author index; Subject index.

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Book SynopsisIn the online world, people argue about anything and everything - religion is no exception. Stephen Pihlaja investigates how several prominent social media figures present views about religion in an environment where their positions are challenged. The analysis shows how conflict creates a space for users to share, explain, and develop their opinions and beliefs, by making appeals to both a core audience of like-minded viewers and a broader audience of viewers who are potentially interested in the claims, ambivalent, or openly hostile. The book argues that in the back-and-forth of these arguments, the positions that users take in response to the arguments of others have consequences for how religious talk develops, and potentially for how people understand and practice their beliefs in the twenty-first century. Based on original empirical research, it addresses long-debated questions in sociolinguistics and discourse analysis regarding the role of language in building solidarity, defining identity and establishing genres and registers of interaction.Trade Review'Pihlaja's study is valuable to sociologists of religion for his insights into atheism and modes of proselytism, and his in-depth qualitative study of discourse dynamics makes a compelling argument to sociolinguists that 'social media offers a uniquely transparent, public, and immediate view of how people talk about religion'.' Michael Munnik, Discourse & Communication'Pihlaja's book is a promising attempt to analyze the field of religious discourse online from a novel perspective. With his background in linguistics, Pihlaja's approach is a welcome addition to the existing body of research from media studies, religious studies, and theology. His book is innovative in its inclusion of atheist voices, as well as in the historical contextualization of patterns of interreligious dialogue, which would deserve a study of its own. With regard to methodology, the incorporation of corpus linguistics is definitely an approach that seems fit for online discourse data. Hopefully, this study opens the door for further in-depth engagement with digital methodology in the study of religion online.' Frederik Elwert, Journal of Religion, Media and Digital CultureTable of Contents1. Introduction: religious interaction online; 2. Finding and analysing religious interaction; 3. Conflicts; 4. Stories and storylines; 5. Themes; 6. Conclusion: Evangelical outreach – arguing, appealing, and consoling.

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Book SynopsisBringing together a team of renowned international scholars, this volume provides a wide-ranging collection of historical and state-of-the-art perspectives on language regard, particularly in the context of language variation and language change, and importantly, highlights the range of new methodologies being used by linguists to explore and evaluate it. The importance of language regard to the inquiry of language variation and change in the field of sociolinguistics is increasingly being recognized, yet misunderstandings about its nature and importance continue to exist. This volume provides scholars and students of sociolinguistics, with the tools and theory to pursue such inquiry. Contributions and research come from Europe, North America, and Asia, and language varieties such as Spanish, Dutch, Danish, and American Sign Language are discussed.Trade Review'This volume contains data-rich, methodologically and theoretically innovative contributions to the field of language regard. It is truly a tribute to the far-reaching impact of Dennis Preston's work, to the ways that current research is pushing and challenging the theoretical frameworks in which it is embedded, and to the potential for continuing directions and future work in the field.' Anna Babel, Ohio State UniversityTable of Contents1. Language regard: what, why, how, whither? Dennis R. Preston; Part I. Language Regard: Varied Methods: 2. A variationist approach to studies of language regard Patricia Cukor-Avila; 3. The emic and the etic in perceptual dialectology Jennifer Cramer; 4. Variation in language regard: sociolinguistic receptivity and acceptability of linguistic features Erica J. Benson and Megan L. Risdal; 5. Social meanings of the north-south divide in the Netherlands and their linkage to standard Dutch and dialect varieties Leonie Cornips; 6. Language subordination on a national scale: examining the linguistic discrimination of Hungarians by Hungarians Miklós Kontra; 7. Regional identity and listener perception Valerie Fridland and Tyler Kendall; Part II. Language Regard and Language Variation: 8. Language regard and migration: Cuban immigrants in the United States Gabriela Alfaraz; 9. Perceptions of Black American Sign Language Robert Bayley, Joseph C. Hill, Carolyn McCaskil and Ceil Lucas; 10. Ethnolinguistic assertions regarding people who allegedly 'talk White', or 'talk Black' John Baugh; 11. Language regard in liminal Hmong American speech communities James Stanford, Rika Ito and Faith Nibbs; 12. Language regard and sociolinguistic competence of non-native speakers Alexei Prikhodkine; Part III. Language Regard and Language Change: 13. Cracking the code: wedgies and lexical respectability Jack Chambers; 14. Language regard and cultural practice: variation, evaluation, and change in the German regional languages Christoph Purschke; 15. Tabula rasa new-dialect formation: on the occasional irrelevance of language regard Peter Trudgill; 16. Sharedness and variability in language regard among young Danes: focus on gender Tore Kristiansen.

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Book SynopsisStress and accent are central, organizing features of grammar, but their precise nature continues to be a source of mystery and wonder. These issues come to the forefront in the phonetic manifestation of stress and accent, their cross-linguistic variation and the subtle and intricate laws they obey in individual languages. Understanding the nature of stress and accent systems informs all aspects of linguistic theory, methods, typology and especially the grammatical analysis of language data. These themes form the organizational backbone of this book. Bringing together a team of world-renowned phonologists, the volume covers a range of typological and theoretical issues in the study of stress and accent. It will appeal to researchers who value synergistic approaches to the study of stress and accent, careful attention to cross-linguistic variation, and detailed analyzes of both well-studied and understudied languages. The book is a lively testimony of a field of inquiry that shows progrTrade Review'… this book is worth reading as a highly welcome supplement to a field whose studies renew our knowledge, provide new insights and solutions to current theoretical challenges, and open doors to future research. It will be of interest to a wide-ranging audience of theoretical phonologists and scholars working on the intersection of optimality theory and phonological acquisition.' Asmaa Shehata, LINGUIST List 33.2007Table of ContentsPart I. Phonetic Correlates and Prominence Distinctions: 1. Acoustic correlates and perceptual cues of word and sentence stress: towards a cross-linguistic perspective Vincent van Heuven; 2. Positional prominence vs. word accent: is there a difference? Larry Hyman; 3. Explaining word-final stress lapse Anya Lunden; 4. What Danish and Estonian can show to a modern word-prosodic typology Natalia Kuznetsova; Part II. Typology: 5. Mora and syllable accentuation – typology and representation Rene Kager and Violeta Martinez-Paricio; 6. Word stress, pitch accent and word order typology – with special reference to Altaic Hisao Tokizaki; Part III. Case Studies: 7. Persistence and change in stem prominence in Dene (Athabaskan) languages Keren Rice; 8. Spanish word stress: an updated multidimensional account Iggy Roca; 9. Metrically conditioned pitch accent in Uspanteko Bjorn Kohnlein; 10. Focus prosody in Kagoshima Japanese Haruo Kubozono; 11. Where is the Dutch stress system? Some new data Marc van Oostendorp and Bjorn Kohnlein; 12. Morphologically assigned accent and an initial three-syllable window in Ese'eja Nicholas Rolle and Marine Vuilleremet; 13. The scales-and-parameters approach to morpheme-specific exceptions in accent assignment Alexandre Vaxman.

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Book SynopsisLearn about an information-theoretic approach to managing interference in future generation wireless networks. Focusing on cooperative schemes motivated by Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) technology, the book develops a robust theoretical framework for interference management that uses recent advancements in backhaul design, and practical pre-coding schemes based on local cooperation, to deliver the increased speed and reliability promised by interference alignment. Gain insight into how simple, zero-forcing pre-coding schemes are optimal in locally connected interference networks, and discover how significant rate gains can be obtained by making cell association decisions and allocating backhaul resources based on centralized (cloud) processing and knowledge of network topology. Providing a link between information-theoretic analyses and interference management schemes that are easy to implement, this is an invaluable resource for researchers, graduate students and practicing engineersTrade Review'This is a concise, rigorous and authoritative introduction to the information-theoretic analysis of interference management in wireless systems. It provides a principled and comprehensive reference for students and researchers with a background in communication and information theory.' Osvaldo Simeone, Kings College London'Veeravalli and El Gamal have successfully captured in this book a most productive decade of fundamental research breakthroughs in our understanding of interference management and, especially, the role of cooperation in wireless networks. The topics covered are not only some of the most exciting directions for future wireless networks, but also they showcase some of the most elegant insights that information theory has to offer.' Syed Jafar, University of California, Irvine'With new wireless networks becoming dramatically more complex to optimize, especially from an interference point of view, the availability of solid theoretical tools allowing to study the fundamental radio access performance of future mobile systems is a great plus to engineers and researchers alike. Up to my knowledge, this book is among the very first to give a solid and comprehensive analytical perspective in this area.' David Gesbert, EURECOM'The book stands out with its comprehensive treatment of fundamental information-theoretic tools for interference management and with detailed descriptions of algorithms that implement these tools. The book is thus very valuable for everyone who wants to understand how to design good practical interference management systems.' Michèle Wigger, Télécom ParisTechTable of Contents1. Introduction to interference management; 2. System model and sum capacity characterization; 3. Degrees of freedom (DoF) and interference alignment; 4. Iterative algorithms for interference management; 5. DoF with coordinated multi-point (CoMP) transmission; 6. Locally connected channels with CoMP; 7. Backhaul load constraint; 8. Cellular uplink; 9. Dynamic interference management; 10. Recent advances and open problems; Appendix A. Information theory; Appendix B. Algebraic geometry.

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Book SynopsisThe Cambridge History of the English Short Story is the first comprehensive volume to capture the literary history of the English short story. Charting the origins and generic evolution of the English short story to the present day, and written by international experts in the field, this book covers numerous transnational and historical connections between writers, modes and forms of transmission. Suitable for English literature students and scholars of the English short story generally, it will become a standard work of reference in its field.Trade Review'… the book covers enormous ground - colonial stories, rural stories, queer stories, comic stories - and makes room for obscure writers beside the heavyweights … with this approach, an expert writes each chapter. Highlights include Heather Ingman on the Irish short story and Roger Luckhurst on weird fiction, that amorphous zone between horror, fantasy and surrealism.' Chris Power, New StatesmanTable of ContentsList of contributors; Acknowledgements; Introduction Dominic Head; 1. Early modern diversity: the origins of English short fiction Barbara Korte; 2. Short prose narratives of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries Donald J. Newman; 3. Gothic and Victorian supernatural tales Jessica Cox; 4. The Victorian potboiler: novelists writing short stories Sophie Gilmartin; 5. Fable, myth and folktale: the writing of oral and traditional story forms Andrew Harrison; 6. The colonial short story, adventure and the exotic Robert Hampson; 7. The Yellow Book circle and the culture of the literary magazine Winnie Chan; 8. The modernist short story: fractured perspectives Claire Drewery; 9. War stories: the short story in World Wars I and II Ann-Marie Einhaus; 10. The short story in Ireland to 1945: a national literature Heather Ingman; 11. The short story in Ireland since 1945: a modernizing tradition Heather Ingman; 12. The short story in Scotland: from oral tale to dialectal style Timothy C. Baker; 13. The short story in Wales: cultivated regionalism Jane Aaron; 14. The understated art, English style Dean Baldwin; 15. The rural tradition in the English short story Dominic Head; 16. Metropolitan modernity: stories of London Neal Alexander; 17. Gender and genre: short fiction, feminism and female experience Sabine Coelsch-Foisner; 18. Queer short stories: an inverted history Brett Josef Grubisic and Carellin Brooks; 19. Stories of Jewish identity: survivors, exiles and cosmopolitans Axel Stähler; 20. New voices: multicultural short stories Abigail Ward; 21. Settler stories: postcolonial short fiction Victoria Kuttainen; 22. After Empire: postcolonial short fiction and the oral tradition John Thieme; 23. Ghost stories and supernatural tales Ruth Robbins; 24. The detective story: order from chaos Andrew Maunder; 25. Frontiers: science fiction and the British marketplace Paul March-Russell; 26. Weird stories: the potency of horror and fantasy Roger Luckhurst; 27. Experimentalism: self-reflexive and postmodernist stories David James; 28. Satirical stories: estrangement and social critique Sandie Byrne; 29. Comedic short fiction Richard Bradford; 30. Short story cycles: between the novel and the story collection Gerald Lynch; 31. The novella: between the novel and the story Gerri Kimber; 32. The short story visualized: adaptations and screenplays Linda Costanzo Cahir; 33. The short story anthology: shaping the canon Lynda Prescott; 34. The institution of creative writing Ailsa Cox; 35. Short story futures Julian Murphet; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisHow fast is evolution, and why does it matter? The rate of evolution, and whether it is gradual or punctuated, is a hotly debated topic among biologists and paleontologists. This book compiles and compares examples of evolution from laboratory, field, and fossil record studies, analyzing them to extract their underlying rates. It concludes that while change is slow when averaged over many generations, on a generation-to-generation time scale, evolution is rapid. Chapters cover the history of evolutionary studies, from Lamarck and Darwin in the nineteenth century to the present day. An overview of the statistics of variation, dynamics of random walks, processes of natural selection and random drift, and effects of scale and time averaging are also provided, along with methods for the analysis of evolutionary time series. Containing case studies and worked examples, this book is ideal for advanced students and researchers in paleontology, biology, and anthropology.Trade Review'Philip D. Gingerich, renowned among paleontologists for his research on the evolution of mammals, has been a leading authority on rates of evolution for more than three decades. His analyses of evolution on different time scales have been critical to understanding this important, sometimes controversial, subject. Rates of Evolution: A Quantitative Synthesis will provide insights and statistical approaches that will interest a broad range of researchers and students working in evolutionary biology and paleontology.' Douglas Futuyma, State University of New York, Stony Brook'This book is a deeply thought-out, scholarly and lucid account of how to connect measurements of contemporary evolution with evolution as revealed in the fossil record. Rigorous and quantitative throughout, it will be a stimulating primer for professional evolutionary biologists. There is no other book like it.' Peter Grant, Princeton University, New Jersey'Using evidence from many fields of biology, paleontology, and beyond, Gingerich's Rates of Evolution is a comprehensive synthesis of a pillar of the evolutionary paradigm. This book is a sophisticated analysis of quantitative empirical data integrated with evolutionary theory. It is destined to be an authoritative reference and much-cited classic in evolutionary biology.' Bruce MacFadden, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of FloridaTable of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Variation in nature; 3. Evolutionary time; 4. Random walks and Brownian diffusion; 5. Temporal scaling and evolutionary mode; 6. Directional selection, stabilizing selection, and random drift; 7. Phenotypic change in experimental lineages; 8. Phenotypic change documented in field studies; 9. Phenotypic change in the fossil record; 10. A quantitative synthesis; 11. Retrospective on punctuated equilibria; 12. Genetic models; 13. Independent contrasts: Phylogeny's influence on phenotypes; 14. Rate perspective on early bursts of evolution; 15. Summary and conclusions; Appendix: generation times in bacteria, plants, and animals; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisFrom its first adoption of writing at the beginning of the Late Bronze Age, ancient Cyprus was home to distinctive scripts and writing habits, often setting it apart from other areas of the Mediterranean and Near East. This well-illustrated volume is the first to explore the development and importance of Cypriot writing over a period of more than 1,500 years in the second and first millennia BC. Five themed chapters deal with issues ranging from the acquisition of literacy and the adaptation of new writing systems to the visibility of writing and its role in the marking of identities. The agency of Cypriots in shaping the island''s literate landscape is given prominence, and an extended consideration of the social context of writing leads to new insights on Cypriot scripts and their users. Cyprus provides a stimulating case to demonstrate the importance of contextualised approaches to the development of writing systems.Table of Contents1. The advent of literacy on Cyprus; 2. Scripts and languages in geometric cyprus; 3. 'Understanding' undeciphered scripts and unidentified languages; 4. Visible languages and Cypriot identities; 5. Cypriot writing at home and abroad.

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Book SynopsisA state-of-the-art, in-depth survey of the topics, approaches and theories in Spanish linguistics today. The language is researched from a number of different perspectives. This Handbook surveys the major advances and findings, with a special focus on recent accomplishments in the field. It provides an accurate and complete overview of research, as well as facilitating future directions. It encourages the reader to make connections between chapters and units, and promotes cross-theoretical dialogue. The contributions are by a wide range of specialists, writing on topics including corpus linguistics, phonology and phonetics, morphosyntax, pragmatics, the role of the speaker and speech context, language acquisition and grammaticalization. This is a must-have volume for researchers looking to contextualize their own research and for students seeking a one-stop resource on Spanish linguistics.Trade Review'Exactly what the field of Hispanic Linguistics has long needed! It covers all the areas I would want and expect, ranging from theoretical to applied, and other areas I didn't realize I wanted to see until I found them. By pairing well-respected specialists with rising scholars, Geeslin ensures that it delves into the newest research areas and methodologies, while still providing the essential background such a book needs. Sacrificing neither breadth nor depth, this Handbook is sure to become the go-to reference for experts and novices alike.' Gillian Lord, University of Florida'What sets this apart from similar surveys of its kind is its emphasis on encouraging cross-theoretical discussion and understanding of multiple perspectives of inquiry … [It] is sure to become an indispensable resource for students and scholars of the Spanish language and in the fields of general linguistics, cognition, culture, and education.' Margaret Lubbers Quesada, University of Georgia'A thorough and up-to-date overview of the various theoretical approaches to Spanish linguistics and its main subfields. The chapters are accessible enough to be useful to a newcomer to the field, yet detailed enough to serve as a reference for experienced scholars.' Timothy L. Face, University of MinnesotaTable of ContentsIntroduction Kimberly L. Geeslin; Part I. Theories and Approaches to Hispanic Linguistics: 1. Generative linguistics: syntax Paula Kempchinsky; 2. Optimality theory and Spanish/Hispanic linguistics D. Eric Holt; 3. Usage-based approaches to Spanish linguistics Esther Brown; 4. Functional-typological approaches to Hispanic linguistics Rosa Vallejos; 5. Psycholinguistic approaches to Hispanic linguistics Tania Leal and Christine Shea; 6. Corpus approaches to the study of language, variation and change Manuel Díaz-Campos and Juan Escalona Torres; Part II. The Spanish Sound System: 7. The Spanish vowel system Rebecca Ronquest; 8. Consonants Rebeka Campos-Astorkiza; 9. The Spanish syllable Alfonso Morales; 10. Prosody: stress, rhythm and intonation Pilar Prieto and Paolo Roseano; 11. Speech perception Amanda Boomershine and Ji Young Kim; Part III. Spanish Morphosyntax and Meaning: 12. Word phenomena in Spanish: category definition and word formation Antonio Fábregas; 13. Properties of pronominal subjects Pekka Posio; 14. Properties of verb phrase: argument structure, ellipsis and negation Iván Ortega-Santos; 15. Properties of the extended verb phrase: agreement, the structure of INFL, and subjects in Spanish Julio Villa-García; 16. Properties of nominal expressions M. Emma Ticio Quesada; 17. Information structure Laura Domínguez; 18. Syntax and its interfaces Timothy Gupton; 19. Lexis Grant Armstrong; 20. Pragmatics Maria Hasler-Barker; Part IV. Spanish in Social, Geographic and Historical Contexts: 21. Spanish in contact with other languages and bilingualism across the Spanish-speaking world Lotfi Sayahi; 22. Heritage speakers of Spanish Diego Pascual y Cabo; 23. Geographic varieties of Spanish Elena Fernández de Molina Ortés and Juan M. Hernández-Campoy; 24. Sociolinguistic approaches to dialectal, sociolectal, and idiolectal variation in the Hispanophone world Daniel Erker; 25. National and diasporic Spanish varieties as evidence of ethnic affiliations Almeida Jacqueline Toribio; 26. Current perspectives on historical linguistics Patrícia Amaral; 27. Grammaticalization Chad Howe; Part V. The Acquisition of Spanish: 28. Child language acquisition Anna Gavarró; 29. Theories of second language learning Bill VanPatten; 30. The L2 acquisition of Spanish sounds Megan Solon; 31. The acquisition of L2 Spanish Morphosyntax Jason Rothman, Jorge González Alonso and David Miller; 32. Variation in L2 Spanish Matthew Kanwit; 33. Third language acquisition Jennifer Cabrelli Amaro and Michael Iverson; Author index; Subject index.

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Book SynopsisThe issue of high-level language proficiency in other than monolingual contexts can be approached from a variety of perspectives, including linguistic/structural; psycholinguistic/cognitive and sociolinguistic/societal. Bringing together a team of experts, this volume takes a novel empirical approach to the subject combined with an up-to-date understanding of these research areas, to answer two important research questions in the field of second language acquisition: what conditions allow learners to attain an outstanding level of proficiency in a second language, and what factors still prevent them from becoming entirely like first language speakers. Looking at a range of European languages including English, French, Italian, Spanish and Swedish, it provides important insights into second language use at the highest levels as well as in high-proficient mixed language use in multicultural settings. A useful tool for both language teaching and language teacher training, it provides a solid grounding for further study in this important area of research.Trade Review'... while the text cannot possibly provide definitive answers to its broad questions (and never claims to), it does leave the reader with a much deeper understanding of these issues and the questions that remain to be explored.' Jean Danic, LINGUIST ListTable of ContentsIntroduction: high-level proficiency and the concept of nativelikeness in second language and multilingual research practice Kenneth Hyltenstam, Inge Bartning and Lars Fant; 1. Age effects on language acquisition, retention and loss – key hypotheses and findings Niclas Abrahamsson, Emanuel Bylund and Kenneth Hyltenstam; 2. The last barriers in high-level L2 speech: morphosyntax in focus Inge Bartning and Fanny Forsberg Lundell; 3. Discourse and interaction in highly proficient L2 users Lars Fant; 4. Formulaic language in advanced long-residency L2 speakers Britt Erman, Fanny Forsberg Lundell and Margareta Lewis; 5. Developing lexical complexity in oral production: limitations and possibilities of the advanced L2 learner Camilla Bardel and Anna Gudmundson; 6. Reading comprehension in advanced L2 readers Philip Shaw and Alan McMillion; 7. Polyglotism – a synergy of abilities and predispositions Kenneth Hyltenstam; 8. What's the target? A folk linguistic study of young stockholmers' constructions of linguistic norm and variation Ellen Bijvoet and Kari Fraurud.

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Book SynopsisA new analysis of how speakers and writers use referring expressions in discourse, and how hearers and readers interpret them. Using the established relevance-theoretic pragmatic framework, the book focuses on how speakers and writers achieve stylistic and poetic effects via their choice of referring expression.Trade Review'In all, Scott's first monograph is a valuable contribution to the study of reference and the first of its kind which brings together all the various and disparate literatures on a seemingly simple yet astonishingly intricate topic in the study of utterance comprehension. It should be praised in particular for its treatment of stylistic effects, which is where it contributes the most original argument.' Julia Kolkmann, Journal of PragmaticsTable of Contents1. Reference and meaning; 2. Relevance, reference and procedures; 3. Pragmatic activation accounts of reference and referring; 4. Definite descriptions and definite procedures; 5. Pronouns and sub-personal procedures; 6. Null referring expressions; 7. Demonstratives; 8. Reference and beyond; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisA dictionary records a language and a cultural world. This global history of lexicography is the first survey of all the dictionaries which humans have made, from the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, India, and the Greco-Roman world, to the contemporary speech communities of every inhabited continent. Their makers included poets and soldiers, saints and courtiers, a scribe in an ancient Egyptian ''house of life'' and a Vietnamese queen. Their physical forms include Tamil palm-leaf manuscripts and the dictionary apps which are supporting endangered Australian languages. Through engaging and accessible studies, a diverse team of leading scholars provide fascinating insight into the dictionaries of hundreds of languages, into the imaginative worlds of those who used or observed them, and into a dazzling variety of the literate cultures of humankind.Table of ContentsPart I. The Ancient World: 1. Ancient Mesopotamia Niek Veldhuis; 2. Ancient and Coptic Egypt Frank Feder; 3. Ancient China Françoise Bottéro; 4. Ancient India Lata Mahesh Deokar and Jean-Luc Chevillard; 5. The Greco-Roman world Rolando Ferri; Part II. The Pre-Modern World: 6. China c.600–c.1700 Nathan Vedal; 7. India and Tibet, c.500–c.1750 Lata Mahesh Deokar and Jean-Luc Chevillard; 8. Arabic to c.1800 Ramzi Baalbaki; 9. Hebrew to c.1650 Aharon Maman; 10. The Chinese periphery to c.1800 Mårten Söderblom Saarela; 11. The Turkic languages and Persian to c.1700 Marek Stachowski; 12. Byzantine Greek Stefano Valente; 13. Medieval Latin Christendom John Considine; 14. Early modern Western and Central Europe John Considine; Part III. The Modern World: Continuing Traditions: 15. China from c.1700 Henning Klöter; 16. Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese from c.1800 David Lurie, Heokseung Kwon and John D. Phan; 17. Turkish and Persian from c.1700 Luciano Rocchi and Arthur Dudney; 18. South Asia from c.1750 Walter Hakala and Lisa Mitchell; 19. Arabic from c.1800 Jan Hoogland; 20. Modern Hebrew Tsvi Sadan; 21. The Slavic and Baltic languages Rick Derksen; 22. The Germanic languages other than English from c.1700 Ulrike Haß; 23. Standard varieties of English from c.1700 Charlotte Brewer; 24. Regional varieties of English Michael Adams; 25. The Romance languages from c.1700 Pascale Renders; Part IV. The Modern World: Missionary and Subsequent Traditions: 26. Missionary traditions in South America Otto Zwartjes; 27. Missionary traditions in Mesoamerica Otto Zwartjes; 28. Missionary and subsequent traditions in North America Willem de Reuse; 29. Missionary traditions in East Asia Otto Zwartjes; 30. European traditions in India and Indonesia Toon Van Hal; 31. Missionary and subsequent traditions in Africa Gonçalo Fernandes; 32. Missionary and other traditions in Australia William B. McGregor.

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Book SynopsisHow was the complex history of Britain''s languages understood by twelfth-century authors? This book argues that the social, political and linguistic upheavals that occurred in the wake of the Norman Conquest intensified later interest in the historicity of languages. An atmosphere of enquiry fostered vernacular literature''s prestige and led to a newfound sense of how ancient languages could be used to convey historical claims. The vernacular hence became an important site for the construction and memorialisation of dynastic, institutional and ethnic identities. This study demonstrates the breadth of interest in the linguistic past across different social groups and the striking variety of genre used to depict it, including romance, legal translation, history, poetry and hagiography. Through a series of detailed case studies, Sara Harris shows how specific works represent key aspects of the period''s imaginative engagement with English, Brittonic, Latin and French language developmentTable of ContentsIntroduction; 1. Methods and motivations for studying the vernacular linguistic past; 2. Perceptions of English linguistic and literary continuity; 3. Explorations and appropriations of British linguistic history; 4. The vernaculars of ancestral law: Royal administration and linguistic authority; 5. Placing French in multilingual Britain; Conclusion; Notes; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisSinglish is the colloquial variety of English spoken in Singapore. It has sparked much public debate, but so far the complex question of what Singlish really is and what it means to its speakers has remained obscured. This important work explores some of the socio-political controversies surrounding Singlish, such as the political ideologies inherent in Singlish discourse, the implications of being restricted to Singlish for those speakers without access to standard English, the complex relationship between Singlish and migration, and the question of whether Singlish is an asset or a liability to Singaporeans. These questions surrounding Singlish illustrate many current issues in language, culture and identity in an age of rapid change. The book will be of interest to scholars and advanced students of World Englishes and sociolinguistics. Its detailed analysis of the Singlish controversy will illuminate broader questions about language, identity and globalization.Trade Review'Wee's book, which combines theoretical discussions with relevant examples, is … a welcome reality check for language researchers, educators, and policy makers to reassess their claims and positions beyond narrow linguistic descriptions, evaluative discourse, and linguistics prejudices.' Stefanie Pillai, Language in SocietyTable of Contents1. Language policy in Singapore: English, Singlish and the mother tongues; 2. Ideology pooling and metadiscursive convergence in the Singlish debate; 3. Language experts, linguistic chutzpah and the Speak Good Singlish Movement; 4. Voice: who speaks about Singlish?; 5. The commodification of Singlish; 6. Singlish, migration and mobility; 7. What is Singlish? Language, culture and identity in a globalizing world.

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Book SynopsisThis is an engaging introduction to the study of language for undergraduate or beginning graduate students, aimed especially at those who would like to continue further linguistic study. It introduces students to analytical thinking about language, but goes beyond existing texts to show what it means to think like a scientist about language, through the exploration of data and interactive problem sets. A key feature of this text is its flexibility. With its focus on foundational areas of linguistics and scientific analysis, it can be used in a variety of course types, with instructors using it alongside other information or texts as appropriate for their own courses of study. The text can also serve as a supplementary text in other related fields (Speech and Hearing Sciences, Psychology, Education, Computer Science, Anthropology, and others) to help learners in these areas better understand how linguists think about and work with language data. No prerequisites are necessary. While eaTrade Review'Thinking like a Linguist is an excellent text for introducing students to the scientific methods and core areas of linguistics. Clear and crisply written by two experienced professors, the book focuses on the analysis of sound, structure, and meaning – phonetics to pragmatics – and how to do linguistic analysis. With up-to-date coverage, interesting applications, and well-thought-out activities and exercises from a variety of languages, this is a versatile, sensitive, and intellectually engaging text, suitable for undergraduate and graduate introductions to linguistic analysis.' Edwin Battistella, Southern Oregon University'A fresh and flexible approach to the study of linguistics. Because the three central chapters can be read in any order, instructors are free to adapt the book to their course and teaching style. A wide variety of activities encourage students to not only practice concepts from the text, but also to create connections between the textbook material and their own experiences.' Patti Kurtz, Minot State University'This textbook offers a refreshing approach to linguistics, and cultivates an excitement for the study of language. It engages students by leading them through the formal aspects of linguistic analysis, and its enriching exercises encourage them to consider language from a range of perspectives.' Sam Rosenthal, Oakland University'This clear introduction covers sound, structure, and meaning at a level appropriate for undergraduates coming to linguistics for the first time. With a steady progression, well-chosen exercises, and an engaging style, it shows beginners how to think about language scientifically. The final chapter demonstrates how linguists use the thinking introduced in the main three chapters to explore language in social settings.' Mikael Thompson, independent scholarTable of ContentsPreface; Acknowledgements; 1. Introducing Language Analysis; 2. Analyzing Sound: Phonetics and Phonology; 3. Analyzing Structure: Morphology and Syntax; 4. Analyzing Meaning: Semantics and Pragmatics; 5. Analyzing Language: Putting It All Together; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisFrom the invention of the alphabet to the explosion of the internet, Dominic Wyse takes us on a unique journey into the process of writing. Starting with seven extraordinary examples that serve as a backdrop to the themes explored, it pays particular attention to key developments in the history of language, including Aristotle''s grammar through socio-cultural multimodality, to pragmatist philosophy of communication. Analogies with music are used as a comparator throughout the book, yielding radically new insights into composition processes. The book presents the first comprehensive analysis of the Paris Review interviews with the world''s greatest writers such as Louise Erdrich, Gabriel Garcia Márquez, Ted Hughes, and Marilynne Robinson. It critically reviews the most influential guides to styles and standards of language, and presents new research on young people''s creativity and writing. Drawing on over twenty years of findings, Wyse presents research-informed innovative practices Trade Review'This is an insightful and far ranging book on writing, its history, and how to teach it. Drawing on the insights of philosophers, scientists, educators, and accomplished writers, Dominic Wyse lays bare the power, mystique, and the pleasures of writing.' Steve Graham, Arizona State University'Wyse's deep dive into the history of writing will make this book an instant classic and a must-read for scholars who study any aspect of writing. It is not an ordinary history of a discipline, but a rigorous and creative text that will make readers rethink relationships between music, composing, creativity and writing across our lifespans.' Jessica Pandya, California State University, Long Beach'Like music of the soul with an original melody, replete with philosophical and historical notes, this book captures the very essence of writing and composition processes. Dominic Wyse's new volume switches up the tempo of current research to consider writing differently.' Kathy A. Mills, Learning Sciences Institute Australia, Australian Catholic University'A comprehensive survey and a meaningful proposal for future practices in education.' Andrew Caines, The Times Literary SupplementTable of Contents1. Introduction; 2. A history of writing; 3. Writing guidance; 4. Expert writers; 5. Creativity and writing; 6. Novice writers and education; 7. The process of writing.

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Book SynopsisThe linguistic study of Japanese, with its rich syntactic and phonological structure, complex writing system, and diverse sociohistorical context, is a rapidly growing research area. This book, designed to serve as a concise reference for researchers interested in the Japanese language and in typological studies of language in general, explores diverse characteristics of Japanese that are particularly intriguing when compared with English and other European languages. It pays equal attention to the theoretical aspects and empirical phenomena from theory-neutral perspectives, and presents necessary theoretical terms in clear and easy language. It consists of five thematic parts including sound system and lexicon, grammatical foundation and constructions, and pragmatics/sociolinguistics topics, with chapters that survey critical discussions arising in Japanese linguistics. The Cambridge Handbook of Japanese Linguistics will be welcomed by general linguists, and students and scholars workTrade Review'The Japanese language is of great interest not only because of the unique position Japan holds in the world, by virtue of her history, culture, science and technology. It also has great importance because it has attracted the attention of many distinguished linguists, whose publications on it over many decades have influenced the development of linguistic theory itself. This Handbook is a balanced and comprehensive anthology of the many achievements of the field, presented by leading experts. It is much to be welcomed by Japanologists as well as by linguists at large.' William Shiyuan Wang, Chair Professor of Language and Cognitive Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University'In summary, [The Cambridge Handbook of Japanese Linguistics] serves as an excellent reference book for both established and aspiring linguists … All in all, the editor, Yoko Hasegawa, as well as the 27 other contributors recruited from around the world, should be congratulated and thanked for their excellent work in producing this impressive handbook.' Junko Mori, The Journal of Japanese StudiesTable of ContentsPart I. Overview: 1. Introduction Yoko Hasegawa; 2. The history of the language Bjarke Frellesvig; 3. Layered structure, positional shifts, and grammaticalization Rumiko Shinzato; 4. Linguistic typology and the Japanese language Kaoru Horie; 5. Dialects Michinori Shimoji; 6. Writing and literacy in modern Japan Florian Coulmas; Part II. Sound System and Lexicon: 7. Moras and syllables Timothy J. Vance; 8. Pitch accent Haruo Kubozono; 9. Intonation Yosuke Igarashi; 10. Semantics and morphosyntax of mimetics Kiyoko Toratani; 11. Events and properties in morphology and syntax Taro Kageyama; Part III. Grammatical Foundation: 12. Case Wataru Nakamura; 13. Subjects and topics Yoko Hasegawa; 14. Negation Hideki Kishimoto; 15. Tense and aspect Wesley M. Jacobsen; 16. Modality Heiko Narrog; 17. Logophoricity, viewpoint, and reflexivity Yukio Hirose; 18. Word order and extraction: a functional approach Mitsuaki Shimojo; Part IV. Grammatical Constructions: 19. Nominalization Masayoshi Shibatani; 20. Clausal noun modification Yoshiko Matsumoto; 21. Internally headed relativization and related constructions Kyoko Hirose Ohara; 22. Benefactives Nobuko Hasegawa; 23. Passives Shoichi Iwasaki; 24. Conditionals Seiko Fujii; Part V. Pragmatics/Sociolinguistics: 25. Sentence-final particles Emi Morita; 26. Linguistic politeness Michael Haugh; 27. Speech style shift Haruko Minegishi Cook; 28. Discourse/conversation analysis Polly Szatrowski; 29. Japanese language, gender, and sexuality Shigeko Okamoto.

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