Dialect, slang and jargon Books
Harvard University Press Dictionary of American Regional English
Book SynopsisLike its popular predecessor, Volume II of the Dictionary of American Regional English (DARE) is a treasury of vernacular Americanisms. The more than 11,000 entries contained in Volume IIfrom the poetic and humorous to the witty and downright bawdywill delight and inform readers.Trade ReviewDARE, as it is known, has the information you will need to bush around (discuss) the difference between bush-busters (hillbillies) and bush eels (rattlesnakes). One could make a sport out of guessing the meanings of DARE entries… Every page of DARE shows the absolute centrality of metaphor and other forms of verbal figuration to colloquial speech. Naming storms for the damage they do, or foods for what they do to your stomach, or foreigners for the strange traits they exhibit—these tendencies suggest just how much of reality is established after the fact, in conversations about shared experience by people with a common world of reference… Because of its reliance on and scrupulous recording of personal testimony, DARE is one of the most poignant reference books ever compiled, a great exploration of the far reaches and dark corners of American cultural memory… This massive cataract of language is enough to make one cry uncle, or calf rope, or barley out, or I want a crab apple—or a perennial favorite, never out of style for long: mama. -- Dan Chiasson * Harper’s *For the first time, in the nation of homogenized milk and golfheaded pifflespeakers, we have a definitive picture of who says what where when the TV is off. This picture, literally dotted out on helpful maps, provides a raucous hymn to linguistic diversity. Even more important, it serves as a sort of verbal game preserve where all manner of endangered species—from big hats to blind tigers—may linger a while longer. * Boston Globe *A staggering work of collective scholarship… DARE is not only a reference treasure for the scholar and the general word lover, it’s a lode for raiding parties by specialists of all kinds… Most of all, DARE is evidence that American speech will never become stale and fusty, that the great linguistic homogenization of television is a myth. -- Henry Kisor * Chicago Sun-Times *DARE is a monumental and impressive work… For those studying American English or linguistics, this is a work that will be consulted again and again. -- Daniel F. Phelan * Language and Linguistics *Because these volumes are the most complete lexical records we have of the American experience, much of the history and contemporary condition of American society can be found in their pages… We are very fortunate to have DARE; it is not a dictionary; it is a national treasure. -- Edward Callary * Language in Society *The most exciting linguistic project going on in the United States. -- William Safire * New York Times *The long-awaited, definitive and fascinating Dictionary of American Regional English [DARE]…is all we had hoped for and more. It includes the regional and folk language, past and present, of the old and the young, men and women, white and black, the rural and the urban, from all walks of life. Although DARE will be one of the most scholarly, comprehensive, and detailed dictionaries ever completed…it will also be one of the easiest and most enjoyable to use or browse in… This is an exciting, lasting work of useful scholarship accomplished with excellence, a work that scholars and laypeople alike will study, use, and enjoy for generations. -- Stuart B. Flexner * New York Times Book Review *To open its pages is to thrill at the exploration of the New World and to trace the course of American history through its language… Its editors, led by Professor Frederic G. Cassidy, have caught the native poetry of America on every page. -- Fred Strebeigh * Smithsonian *In its scope and thoroughness, Cassidy’s dictionary is unmatched as a kind of refuge for colloquialisms threatened with extinction… Writers, etymologists and other devotees of verbal arcana have never been given a richer browsing ground. -- Ezra Bowen * Time *Proof that tourism, television and technological change haven’t rounded off all the gaudy and gracious edges of the way we talk. -- L. A. Jolidon * USA Today *Table of Contents* Preface * Acknowledgments * List of Abbreviations *Dictionary of American Regional English, D--H
£87.16
Harvard University Press Dictionary of American Regional English
Book SynopsisBuilt upon an unprecedented survey of spoken English across America and bolstered by extensive historical research, the Dictionary of American Regional English preserves a language that lives and dies as we breathe. It will amuse and inform, delight and instruct, and keep alive the speech that we have made our own, and that has made us who we are.Trade ReviewTo learn how [the word jerk] is used in the American dialect--and where it began--we are now blessed with Volume Three (I to O) of the Dictionary of American Regional English (DARE), coming out this month, edited by America's lexicographical giant, Fred Cassidy, now 89, with Joan Houston Hall. -- William Safire * New York Times Magazine *This long-awaited, definitive and fascinating Dictionary of American Regional English [DARE]...is all we had hoped for and more. It includes the regional and folk language, past and present, of the old and the young, men and women, white and black, the rural and the urban, from all walks of life...Although DARE will be one of the most scholarly, comprehensive and detailed dictionaries ever completed...it will also be one of the easiest and most enjoyable to use or browse in...This is an exciting, lasting work of useful scholarship accomplished with excellence, a work that scholars and laypeople alike will study, use and enjoy for generations. -- Stuart B. Flexner * New York Times Book Review *It already seems clear that...the dictionary will rank as one of the glories of contemporary American scholarship...it is endlessly rewarding to dip into, and if you look up a particular word or phrase you are in constant danger of being seduced to something else...It is a work to consult, and a work to savor--a work to last a lifetime. -- John Gross * New York Times *Proof that tourism, television and technological change haven't rounded off all the gaudy and gracious edges of the way we talk. -- William Safire * New York Times Magazine *Volume III of the Dictionary of American Regional English--or DARE, to its language-loving devotees coast to coast--is the latest installment ("I" to "O") of the most comprehensive effort ever mounted to capture the words the American people actually use in theireveryday life, words that don't always get written down It's a browser's delight and a front-row seat at the Great American Variety Show. -- Rick Horowitz * Chicago Tribune *[T]he regional qualities of American English continue to make our tongue colorful, gracious, even elegant. This dictionary examines those words and phrases--not the everyday ones we all use, like hand or smile or part-time DARE is especially revealing; it shows, almost instantly, that in this country language is not fodder for regulation; language simply is, period. We all say much the same things--in sometimes very different ways...This survey of spoken English is, as its publisher proudly proclaims, unprecedented. It's also scholarly, endlessly fascinating and enlightening. You can hear America talking from its pages -- Howard S. Shapiro * Philadelphia Inquirer *Editor Frederic G. Cassidy and associate editior Joan Houston Hall have an appetite for American dialect suited to their painstaking work on what may be the great reference work of our age...But while the OED's English is like Latin--a linguistic fossil bed--DARE documents a living, mutable language...DARE offers delights on every page, the taxonomy of 10,000 fanciful American constructions,turns of phrase and words that don't mean what you think. -- David Medaris * Isthmus *[A] green pasture of language, perfect for browsing by a lover of words. -- James Kilpatrick * Chicago Sun-Times *The dictionary [is] very easy to read and to interpret. The senses were clearly delineated, and the quotations aptly chosen...One very wise practice was the use of a double dagger "to indicate a word or sense of questionable genuineness"...An editor who had chosen not to include such items might have deprived future dialectologists of potentially important data should they happen to come across these words later...DARE has indeed become an indispensable resource for the study of American English, "a routine starting point for current and future dialect studies" (Wolfram, American Speech, 1985). -- Betty S. Phillips * American Speech *The most comprehensive collection of America's regional lexis...The third volume is, as its predecessors before it, a rich mine of information, impeccably edited and printed and a joy to read. We are looking forward to the volumes still to come, hoping they will be published soon. * Indogermanische Forschungen *Devotees of verbal arcana have never been given a richer browsing ground. But while they are discovering that a blind tiger is a place to buy and drink moonshine, or that there are 176 names for dust balls under the bed, they are also bound to be awed by the dictionary's staggering scholarship. -- Ezra Bowen * Time *A flat-out excellent continuation of the first volume...DARE must be seen as having an influence on the field of lexicography when editors of other dictionaries look to it for guidance. This type of influence previously has been seen rarely, outside of the pervasive influence exercised by the OED...The makers of DARE, from Cassidy to copy editor, can rest assured that their work will long be used and held valuable by the American contingent of humanity. -- Thomas L. Clark * American Speech *Flowerpots and sinkers and cabbage patches fill the fascinating pages of the Dictionary of American Regional English(DARE), whose second volume, D to H, comes out this summer...It is not everyone's idea of fun to cozy up with a dictionary, of course. But this is not just any old reference book. It's a linguistic guide to America, with a little bit of Americana waiting to be discovered on every one of its 1,192 pages. -- Rick Horowitz * Miami Herald *In DARE, it's the speakers who get their say. A trip through its pages is part Trivial Pursuit®, part scholarship, and part treasure hunt. -- Bob Secter * Los Angeles Times *From dabble (to wash or rinse quickly) right through to hyuh (i.e., here) the Dictionary of American Regional English...catalogs the crazy ways we talked before being mass-commed into a nation of mush-mouths. * Newsweek *Because these volumes are the most complete lexical records we have of the American experience, much of the history and contemporary condition of American society can be found in their pages...We are very fortunate to have DARE; it is not a dictionary; it is a national treasure. -- Edward Callary * Language in Society *Devotees of verbal arcana have never been given a richer browsing ground. But while they are discovering that a blind tiger is a place to buy and drink moonshine, or that there are 176 names for dust balls under the bed, they are also bound to be awed by the dictionary's staggering scholarship. -- Ezra Bowen * Time *The content of the DARE volumes is both enlightening and entertaining...Anyone with an interest in American history and life in general will enjoy browsing through this volume. -- Kay O. Cornelius * Language and Linguistics *Table of Contents*DARE Staff, Volume III * Preface * Acknowledgments * The Anatomy of a DARE Entry * List of Abbreviations *Dictionary of American Regional English, I--O
£87.16
British Library Publishing Bespoke
Book SynopsisThis book guides the reader through a land where the road to hell is paved not with good intentions, but with cobbles. This is a place where all the world is a stage, unless you are a one-day specialist. Where its inhabitants come with a litany of arresting nicknames - Badgers, Cannibals, Eagles, Pirates - each with a wonderful story of their own.
£11.69
Saint Andrew Press The Glasgow Gospel
Book SynopsisFrom the author of the ever popular author of A Scots Gospel comes a gospel written in Glasgow''s distinctive vernacular. With the author''s characteristic enthusiasm and sense of the dignity of this most beautiful of all stories, the drama unfolds-from the joy of the birth of Jesus, to the tragedy of his betrayal, and the joy of the resurrection. This is a book to be read out loud and quite simply enjoyed.
£15.73
Saint Andrew Press A Scots Gospel
Book SynopsisFrom the author of the best-selling book THE GLASGOW GOSPEL, comes the Good News in Scots this time. The well known story of Jesus of Nazareth is re-enacted in the 'gutsy vernacular' of the Scots tongue-delightful and dramatic, it 'demands to be aired publicly, or read aloud around the family fire .... ' The Herald
£14.04
Edinburgh University Press Newfoundland and Labrador English
Book SynopsisThis book is the first full-length volume to offer a comprehensive introduction to the English spoken in Britain''s oldest overseas colony, and, since 1949, Canada''s youngest province. Within North America, Newfoundland and Labrador English is a highly distinctive speech variety. It is known for its generally conservative nature, having retained close ties with its primary linguistic roots, the traditional speech of southwestern England and southern Ireland. It is also characterised by a high degree of regional and social variation. Over the past half century, the region has experienced substantial social, economic and cultural change. This is reflected linguistically, as younger generations of Newfoundlanders and Labradorians increasingly align themselves with ''mainland'' North American norms.Trade ReviewIn summary, this book is a paramount example of its genre. Above all, it is testimony to Clarke's trademark attention to detail. In this volume she has carefully weighed a tremendous amount of material and has presented it with clarity and concision. Clarke is the expert on the sociolinguistics of English in Newfoundland and Labrador; this fact resonates on every page of the volume. -- Alexandra D'Arcy, University of Victoria English Worldwide In summary, this book is a paramount example of its genre. Above all, it is testimony to Clarke's trademark attention to detail. In this volume she has carefully weighed a tremendous amount of material and has presented it with clarity and concision. Clarke is the expert on the sociolinguistics of English in Newfoundland and Labrador; this fact resonates on every page of the volume.Table of Contents1. Geography, demography and cultural factors; 2. Phonetics and phonology; 3. Morphosyntax; 4. Lexis and discourse features; 5. History, including changes in progress; 6. Survey of previous work and annotated bibliography; 7. Sample texts.
£26.59
Edinburgh University Press Hong Kong English
Book SynopsisAn overview of all aspects of Hong Kong English in a style designed for undergraduates and general readers.Table of Contents1. Geography, demography, and cultural factors; 2. Phonetics and phonology; 3. Morphosyntax; 4. Lexis and Discourse features; 5. History, including changes in progress; 6. Survey of previous work and annotated bibliography; 7. Sample texts.
£81.00
Edinburgh University Press Hong Kong English
Book SynopsisAn overview of all aspects of Hong Kong English in a style designed for undergraduates and general readers.Table of Contents1. Geography, demography, and cultural factors; 2. Phonetics and phonology; 3. Morphosyntax; 4. Lexis and Discourse features; 5. History, including changes in progress; 6. Survey of previous work and annotated bibliography; 7. Sample texts.
£26.59
Edinburgh University Press West Midlands English
Book SynopsisFocuses on the closely allied yet differing linguistic varieties of Birmingham and its immediate neighbour to the west, the industrial heartland of the Black Country. This volume provides a clear description of the structure of the linguistic varieties spoken in the two areas. It also includes an annotated bibliography for further consultation.
£26.59
Edinburgh University Press Lexical Variation and Attrition in the Scottish
Book SynopsisOver the last half century many scholars have recorded, analysed and theorised language death. This book presents a theoretical and methodological analysis of whether language death and dialect death can be considered aspects of the same phenomenon.
£81.00
Hippocrene Books Haitian CreoleEnglishEnglishHaitian Creole
Book SynopsisThe pocket-sized guide to Haitian Creole for basic communicationPerfect for travelers, students, and heritage speakers, this compact volume contains over 8,000 total entries. Haitian Creole, or kreyol ayisyen, is the national language of Haiti and spoken throughout the Caribbean and in Haitan communities in the U.S. and Canada. This guide also includes a short introduction to Haitian Creole grammar, common sense phonetic pronunciation for Creole and English, and modern, up-to-date entries in an easy-to-use format. Two-way format is suited to both English and Creole speakers. Also available: Haitian Creole Practical Dictionary and Haitian Creole Dicitonary & Phrasebook.
£12.77
Hippocrene Books Inc.,U.S. CreoleEnglishEnglishCreole Caribbean Concise
Book SynopsisThis dictionary contains commonsense phonetic pronunciations for Creole and English, modern up-to-date entries, and a section on Creole proverbs.
£10.44
Hippocrene Books Inc.,U.S. Western Words A Dictionary of the Old West
Book SynopsisWestern Words has 5,000 words of cowboy language as vibrant now as it was in the old American frontier. Within the cowman''s figures of speech lie the rich field of his subtle humor and strength-unique, original, full-flavored. With his usually limited education he squeezes the juice from language, molds it to suit his needs, and is a genius at making a verb out of anything. He ''don''t have to fish ''round for no decorated language to make his meanin'' clear,'' and has little patience with the man who ''spouts words that run eight to the pound.'' Perhaps the strength and originality in his speech are due to the solitude, the nearness of the stars, the bigness of the country, and the far horizons-all of which give him a chance to think clearly and go into the depths of his own mind. Wide spaces ''don''t breed chatterboxes.'' On his long and lonely rides, he is not forced to listen to the scandal and idle gossip that dwarf a man''s mind. Quite frequently he has no one to talk to but a h
£9.49
University of Toronto Press Words and Works Studies in Medieval English
Book SynopsisWith contributions by some of the leading scholars in the field, this book is a distinguished collection of essays on Old and Middle English literature and textual analysis.
£56.10
University of Pennsylvania Press Language in the Inner City
Book SynopsisLanguage in the Inner City firmly establishes African American Vernacular English not simply as slang but as a well-formed set of rules of pronunciation and grammar capable of conveying complex logic and reasoning and confirms the Black vernacular as a separate and independent dialect of English.Trade Review"Get it . . . read it . . . study it. Labov's book is a complete description of the features, issues, and instructional implications pertaining to black dialect." * Contemporary Psychology *"Valuable for speech and language pathologists, school personnel, educators, language-related professionals, psychologists, and others who have any contact with inner city populations." * Journal of the American Speech and Hearing Association *Table of ContentsFigures Tables Introduction PART I- THE STRUCTURE OF THE BLACK ENGLISH VERNACULAR 1- Some Sources of Reading Problems for Speakers of the Black English Vernacular 2- Is the Black English Vernacular a Separate System? 3- Contraction, Deletion, and Inherent Variability of the English Copula 4- Negative Attraction and Negative Concord PART II- THE VERNACULAR IN ITS SOCIAL SETTING 5- The Logic of Nonstandard English 6- The Relation of Reading Failure to Peer-group Status 7- The Linguistic Consequences of Being a Lame PART III THE USES OF THE BLACK ENGLISH VERNACULAR 8- Rules for Ritual Insults 9- The Transformation of Experience in Narrative Syntax Bibliography Index
£27.90
The University of Alabama Press The IndoEuropean Dialects
Book SynopsisTranslates Meillet's philological study from the 1908 French edition and the author's 1922 introduction to printing. This book covers indexes and bibliographical references to salient works from the half-century after original composition.Trade ReviewMeillet's book is a minor classic. The translation, on the whole, is good. - Slavic and East European Journal
£24.61
Peter Lang Publishing Inc Studies in Contact Linguistics Essays in Honor of
Book Synopsis
£58.50
Bloomsbury Publishing (UK) Fantabulosa
Book SynopsisPolari has been the secret language of gay men and women through the 20th century. This work presents a lexicon of Polari as well as a more general dictionary of lesbian and gay slang.Trade Review'Simply Fantabulosa!... Definitely worth a vada and at [pound]12.99 an ideal pressy for your omee Palone!! So get out your handbag and get trollin to the shops!' Scotsgay MagazineTable of ContentsAcknowledgements Preface Introduction to the Dictionary of Polari Dictionary of Polari Introduction to the Dictionary of Gay Slang Dictionary of Gay Slang References Index
£37.99
McNidder & Grace Whare de yea belang
Book SynopsisAbackabeyont, bait-poke, drucken, fettle, guissie pigs, marra, nyen, plote, queen-cat, yem, zookers! If you enjoy finding out about dialect words - how and where and when they were used - and where they came from - this is the best guide to help you explore the world of North East dialect. This is the seminal dictionary of North East dialect.
£13.49
McNidder & Grace Pitmatic
Book SynopsisPitmatic brings together a wonderful regional pit language - its words, jokes, stories and songs that are fast disappearing from our culture. This book helps attest to the remarkable vitality of the North East of England's dialect and the inventiveness and humour of its speakers.
£13.49
Georgetown University Press Studies in Caribbean Spanish Dialectology
Book SynopsisThe editors and fourteen other research linguists discussin English and in Spanishthe African influence on Caribbean phonology, dominant sociolinguistic attitudes in Puerto Rico, and historico-legal aspects of bilingualism in colonial Hispanic America.
£43.20
Georgetown University Press American Spanish Pronunciation
Book SynopsisThe scholar-editors and eight accomplished colleagues together offer views of phonological research on American Spanish.
£43.20
Georgetown University Press The Syntax of Spoken Arabic
Book SynopsisThis book is the first comparative study of the syntax of Arabic dialects, based on natural language data recorded in Morocco, Egypt, Syria, and Kuwait. These four dialect regions are geographically diverse and representative of four distinct dialect groups. Kristen E. Brustad has adopted an analytical approach that is both functional and descriptive, combining insights from discourse analysis, language typology, and pragmaticsthe first time such an approach has been used in the study of spoken Arabic syntax. An appendix includes sample texts from her data. Brustad''s work provides the most nuanced description available to date of spoken Arabic syntax, widens the theoretical base of Arabic linguistics, and gives both scholars and students of Arabic tools for greater cross-dialect comprehension. Trade ReviewThoroughly backed up by numerous solid references in the dialectological literature ... an important publication advancing the field of comparative Arabic dialectology. Journal of the American Oriental Society A welcome addition to Arabic linguistics. It is well written, with lucid explanations and transparent terminology. It breaks new ground in Arabic dialectology ... Recommended reading for anyone who is interested in the Arabic language or Arabic linguistics, including teachers and professors, native and non-native alike. It is readable, clearly laid out, and written in an engaging style. Modern Language JournalTable of ContentsNotes on Transcriptions and Glosses Introduction 1. The Definiteness Continuum 2. Number, Agreement and Possession 3. Relative Clauses 4. Demonstrative Articles and Pronouns 5. Categorizing Verbs 6. Aspect 7. Tense and Time Reference 8. Mood 9. Negation 10. Sentence Typology Conclusions Appedix 1: Informants Appendix 2: Texts Morocco Egypt Syria Kuwait References Subject Index Author Index Tables Figures
£43.20
The University of Michigan Press The Tai Dialect of Lungming
Book Synopsis
£90.52
Blast Books,U.S. Junk English
Book SynopsisIn Junk English, Ken Smith takes on the misuse, abuse, and downright decay of the English language. His weapons? A sharp wit and an almost frightening grasp of the depths of the decline. Written so that the ordinary writer and speaker of English can readily see how the manipulation of words keeps the culture in a haze of misunderstandings and vagueness, Junk English covers the whole spectrum of the problem. In short sections such as Butt-Covering,” Feeble Beginnings,” God Is on Our Team,” Sports Talk,” and Touchy-Feely Therapy Talk,” Smith shows how everyone from Madison Avenue to middle America has succumbed to euphemisms, mindless jargon, and weasel words. The book’s inclusion of basic advice on how to avoid lazy language shows there’s at least some hope for the future.
£9.49
Cambridge University Press Conversations with Strangers
Book SynopsisThis Element documents the evolution of a research program that began in the early 1960s with the author's first investigation of language change on Martha's Vineyard. It traces the development of what has become the basic framework for studying language variation and change.Table of Contents1. Prologue: What this Element is about; 2. Growing up in New Jersey; 3. Martha's Vineyard: Donald Poole, Fisherman; 4. New York City: Rose Barisse, Garment Worker; 5. New York City: Michael Duffy, Fireman; 6. Rural Pennsylvania: Bill Peters, Farmer; 7. Rural Utah: Brad Anders, Dairy Farmer; 8. Hillsborough, North Carolina: Adolphus Hester, Farmer; 9. Knoxville, Tennessee: Louise Atkins, Domestic Worker; 10. East Atlanta: Henry Guyton, Railway Foreman; 11. Philadelphia Pennsylvania: Celeste Sweeney, Saleswoman; 12. Philadelphia Pennsylvania: Gloria Stein, Postal clerk; 13. Final Words; References.
£17.00
Cambridge University Press Borrowings in Informal American English
Book SynopsisBased on a rich range of contemporary sources, this insightful and practical book provides a comprehensive description of borrowings in informal American English, including their donors, types, changes, functions, and themes. It features a glossary of 1,200 expressions, making it an essential resource for students and researchers in linguistics.Table of ContentsIntroduction; 1. Foundations; 2. Terms; 3. Donors; 4. Types; 5. Changes; 6. Functions; 7. Themes; Conclusions; Glossary; Bibliography; Index.
£90.25
Cambridge University Press The Phonetics of Taiwanese
Book SynopsisTaiwanese, formerly the lingua franca of Taiwan and currently the second largest language on the island, is genealogically related to Min from the Sino-Tibetan family. Throughout history, it has been influenced by many languages, but only Mandarin has exerted heavy influences on its phonological system. This Element provides an overview of the sound inventory in mainstream Taiwanese, and details its major dialectal differences. In addition, the Element introduces speech materials that could be used for studying the phonetics of Taiwanese, including datasets from both read and spontaneous speech. Based on the data, this Element provides an analysis of Taiwanese phonetics, covering phenomena in consonants, vowels, tones, syllables, and prosody. Some of the results are in line with previous studies, while others imply potential new directions in which the language might be analyzed and might evolve. The Element ends with suggestions for future research lines for the phonetics of the language.
£49.99
Cambridge University Press The Phonetics of Taiwanese
Book SynopsisTaiwanese, formerly the lingua franca of Taiwan and currently the second largest language on the island, is genealogically related to Min from the Sino-Tibetan family. Throughout history, it has been influenced by many languages, but only Mandarin has exerted heavy influences on its phonological system. This Element provides an overview of the sound inventory in mainstream Taiwanese, and details its major dialectal differences. In addition, the Element introduces speech materials that could be used for studying the phonetics of Taiwanese, including datasets from both read and spontaneous speech. Based on the data, this Element provides an analysis of Taiwanese phonetics, covering phenomena in consonants, vowels, tones, syllables, and prosody. Some of the results are in line with previous studies, while others imply potential new directions in which the language might be analyzed and might evolve. The Element ends with suggestions for future research lines for the phonetics of the language.
£17.00
Taylor & Francis Dialectología hispánica aplicada
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£37.99
Cambridge University Press Cambridge Topics in English Language Attitudes to
Book SynopsisEssential study guides for the future linguist. Attitudes to Language is an introduction to the facts and fallacies behind our beliefs about ''good English''. It is suitable for advanced level students and beyond. Written with input from the Cambridge English Corpus, it looks at contemporary attitudes to language, the role of technology, language variation ? such as accents and dialects ? and frameworks for analysing how people use language to discuss language. Using activities to explain analysis methods, this book guides students through modern issues and concepts. It summarises key concerns and modern findings, while providing inspiration for language investigations and non-examined assessments (NEAs) with research suggestions.Table of Contents1. Arguments about English: 1.1. How we feel about language; 1.2. Standard English; 1.3. Non-Standard English; 1.4. The origins of Standard English; 1.5. The development of Standard English; 1.6. Complaints about English; 1.7. Changing English; 2. Technology and language: 2.1. Technology and language change; 2.2. Technology and new words; 2.3. Attitudes to texting; 2.4. Attitudes to other forms of CMC; 2.5. Emoji; 3. Attitudes to language variation: 3.1. Variation: what it is and what it ain't; 3.2. Attitudes to regional variation; 3.3. Attitudes to other varieties; 4. Language discourses: 4.1. Analysing language discourses; 4.2. Describing language; 4.3. A language toolkit; 4.4. Further exploration and investigation; Ideas and answers; References.
£18.25
Cambridge University Press English Dialect Dictionary Online
Book SynopsisJoseph Wright's English Dialect Dictionary, the most comprehensive dialect dictionary ever published, is now freely available digitally, as EDD Online. With easy-to-follow instructions and screenshots, this detailed user guide shows how to get the most out of this unparalleled resource. It will be invaluable to a wide range of linguistic fields.Table of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Orthography; 3. Tagging; 4. Syntax of EDD entries, and how to describe it; 5. Some practical suggestions in hindsight; 6. Interface; 7. Retrieval window (advanced mode); 8. Research issues, encouraged by EDD Online; 9. Focus on quantification: towards dialectometry; 10. Final remarks on the accessibility and impact of EDD Online.
£20.89
John Wiley and Sons Ltd American Voices
Book SynopsisAmerican Voices is a collection of short, readable descriptions of various American dialects, written by top researchers in the field. written by top researchers in the field and includes Southern English, New England speech, Chicano English, Appalachian English, Canadian English, and California English, among many others fascinating look at the full range of American social, ethnic, and regional dialects written for the lay person Trade Review“This is a terrific book! Its geographical and sociocultural coverage is impressively broad, and its contributors include the leading experts on each variety. Authoritative content, accessible writing, jazzy titles and copious photographs combine to make this a volume that linguistic professionals, college students, and the general public will find equally inviting.” John R. Rickford, Stanford University “Walt Wolfram must be a very persuasive man. He and Ben Ward have persuaded some of the world’s greatest experts on North American varieties of English to appear between the same covers to create a state-of-the-art, but also extremely accessible and highly enjoyable, book on these fascinating dialects, their pasts, and their futures.” Peter Trudgill, University of Fribourg Table of ContentsList of Illustrations. Preface. 1. Language Evolution or Dying Traditions. The State of American Dialects. (Walt Wolfram and Natalie Schilling-Estes). Part I The South. 2. Sounds of the South. (Guy Bailey and Jan Tillery). 3. Defining Appalachian English. (Kirk Hazen and Ellen Fluharty). 4. If these Hills Could Talk (Smoky Mountains). (Christine Mallinson, Becky Childs, Neal Hutcheson, and Bridget Anderson). 5. Doing the Charleston (South Carolina). (Maciej Baranowski). 6. The Lone Star State of Speech (Texas).(Guy Bailey and Jan Tillery). 7. Speaking the Big Easy (New Orleans, LA). (Connie Eble). 8. Sounds of Ole Man River (Memphis, TN). (Valerie Fridland). Part II The North. 9. Yakking with the Yankees (New England). (Julie Roberts, Naomi Nagy, and Charles Boberg). 10. Beantown Babble (Boston, MA). (Jim Fitzpatrick). 11. Mainely English. (Jane Smith). 12. Steel Town Speak (Pittsburgh, PA). (Barbara Johnstone and Scott Kiesling). 13. New Yawk Tawk (New York City, NY). (Michael Newman). 14. Expressions of Brotherly Love (Philadelphia, PA). (Claudio Salvucci). 15. Maple Leaf Rap (Canada). (J.K. Chambers). Part III The Midwest. 16. An Introduction to Midwest English. (Timothy C. Frazer). 17. Straight Talking from the Heartland (Midwest). (Matthew Gordon). 18. Words of the Windy City (Chicago, IL). (Richard Cameron). 19. Different Ways of Talking in the Buckeye State (Ohio). (Beverly Flanigan). 20. Spirited Speech (St. Louis, MO). (Tom Murray). 21. Saying Ya to the Yoopers (Michigan’s Upper Peninsula). (Beth Simon). Part IV The West. 22. Getting Real in the Golden State (California). (Penelope Eckert and Norma Mendoza- Denton). 23. Desert Dialect (Utah). (Davie Bowie and Wendy Morkel). 24. Dialects in the Mist (Portland, OR). (Jeff Conn). 25. Arizona’s not so Standard English. (Lauren Lew-Hall). Part V Islands. 26. Topics from the Tropics (Hawai’i). (Miriam Meyerhoff). 27. Speaking Strictly Roots (West Indies). (Renee Blake). 28. Gullah Gullah Islands (Sea Island, SC, GA). (Tracey Weldon). 29. Islands of Diversity (Bahamas). (Walt Wolfram, Becky Childs, Jeffrey Reaser, and Ben Torbert). 30. Dialect in Danger (Outer Banks, NC). (Walt Wolfram). 31. Fighting the Tide (Smith Island, MD). (Natalie Schilling-Estes). 32. From Cod to Cool (Newfoundland, Canada). (Sandra Clark). 33. The World’s Loneliest Island (Tristan de Cunha). (Daniel Schreier). Sociocultural Dialects. 34. Bridging the Great Divide (African American English). (John Baugh). 35. When Languages Collide (African American English). (Walt Wolfram and Benjamin Torbert). 36. Talking with mi Gente (Chicano English). (Carmen Fought). 37. Stirring the Linguistic Gumbo (Cajun English). (Megan Melancon). 38. From the Brickhouse to the Swamp (Lumbee Vernacular English). (Walt Wolfram). 39. More than just yada, yada, yada (Jewish English). (Cynthia Bernstein). 40. Fading Future for Ferhoodled English (Pennsylvania German). (Lois Huffines). Notes on Contributors.
£88.16
John Wiley and Sons Ltd American Voices
Book SynopsisAmerican Voices is a collection of short, readable descriptions of various American dialects, written by top researchers in the field. written by top researchers in the field and includes Southern English, New England speech, Chicano English, Appalachian English, Canadian English, and California English, among many others fascinating look at the full range of American social, ethnic, and regional dialects written for the lay person Trade Review“This is a terrific book! Its geographical and sociocultural coverage is impressively broad, and its contributors include the leading experts on each variety. Authoritative content, accessible writing, jazzy titles and copious photographs combine to make this a volume that linguistic professionals, college students, and the general public will find equally inviting.” John R. Rickford, Stanford University “Walt Wolfram must be a very persuasive man. He and Ben Ward have persuaded some of the world’s greatest experts on North American varieties of English to appear between the same covers to create a state-of-the-art, but also extremely accessible and highly enjoyable, book on these fascinating dialects, their pasts, and their futures.” Peter Trudgill, University of Fribourg Table of ContentsList of Illustrations. Preface. 1. Language Evolution or Dying Traditions. The State of American Dialects. (Walt Wolfram and Natalie Schilling-Estes). Part I The South. 2. Sounds of the South. (Guy Bailey and Jan Tillery). 3. Defining Appalachian English. (Kirk Hazen and Ellen Fluharty). 4. If these Hills Could Talk (Smoky Mountains). (Christine Mallinson, Becky Childs, Neal Hutcheson, and Bridget Anderson). 5. Doing the Charleston (South Carolina). (Maciej Baranowski). 6. The Lone Star State of Speech (Texas).(Guy Bailey and Jan Tillery). 7. Speaking the Big Easy (New Orleans, LA). (Connie Eble). 8. Sounds of Ole Man River (Memphis, TN). (Valerie Fridland). Part II The North. 9. Yakking with the Yankees (New England). (Julie Roberts, Naomi Nagy, and Charles Boberg). 10. Beantown Babble (Boston, MA). (Jim Fitzpatrick). 11. Mainely English. (Jane Smith). 12. Steel Town Speak (Pittsburgh, PA). (Barbara Johnstone and Scott Kiesling). 13. New Yawk Tawk (New York City, NY). (Michael Newman). 14. Expressions of Brotherly Love (Philadelphia, PA). (Claudio Salvucci). 15. Maple Leaf Rap (Canada). (J.K. Chambers). Part III The Midwest. 16. An Introduction to Midwest English. (Timothy C. Frazer). 17. Straight Talking from the Heartland (Midwest). (Matthew Gordon). 18. Words of the Windy City (Chicago, IL). (Richard Cameron). 19. Different Ways of Talking in the Buckeye State (Ohio). (Beverly Flanigan). 20. Spirited Speech (St. Louis, MO). (Tom Murray). 21. Saying Ya to the Yoopers (Michigan’s Upper Peninsula). (Beth Simon). Part IV The West. 22. Getting Real in the Golden State (California). (Penelope Eckert and Norma Mendoza- Denton). 23. Desert Dialect (Utah). (Davie Bowie and Wendy Morkel). 24. Dialects in the Mist (Portland, OR). (Jeff Conn). 25. Arizona’s not so Standard English. (Lauren Lew-Hall). Part V Islands. 26. Topics from the Tropics (Hawai’i). (Miriam Meyerhoff). 27. Speaking Strictly Roots (West Indies). (Renee Blake). 28. Gullah Gullah Islands (Sea Island, SC, GA). (Tracey Weldon). 29. Islands of Diversity (Bahamas). (Walt Wolfram, Becky Childs, Jeffrey Reaser, and Ben Torbert). 30. Dialect in Danger (Outer Banks, NC). (Walt Wolfram). 31. Fighting the Tide (Smith Island, MD). (Natalie Schilling-Estes). 32. From Cod to Cool (Newfoundland, Canada). (Sandra Clark). 33. The World’s Loneliest Island (Tristan de Cunha). (Daniel Schreier). Sociocultural Dialects. 34. Bridging the Great Divide (African American English). (John Baugh). 35. When Languages Collide (African American English). (Walt Wolfram and Benjamin Torbert). 36. Talking with mi Gente (Chicano English). (Carmen Fought). 37. Stirring the Linguistic Gumbo (Cajun English). (Megan Melancon). 38. From the Brickhouse to the Swamp (Lumbee Vernacular English). (Walt Wolfram). 39. More than just yada, yada, yada (Jewish English). (Cynthia Bernstein). 40. Fading Future for Ferhoodled English (Pennsylvania German). (Lois Huffines). Notes on Contributors.
£31.46
Little, Brown Book Group Will I Ever Pee Alone Again
Book Synopsis''Please stop staring at me whilst I''m on the loo I simply want a peaceful poo.''In this uplifting, funny and giftable collection of poems, general force for good Emma Conway explores motherhood in all its glory. A mum to two young humans herself, she revisits the days of potty training and toddler tantrums, deep-dives into first days of school and watching your babies grow into little people, and writes frankly about life after having kids, embracing the mum bod and giving zero sods.Written with huge amounts of warmth and love (and just the right amount of cynicism), this is the reassuring hug-in-a-book all mums need.
£8.37
Gibbs M. Smith Inc Chinese Slanguage
Book Synopsis
£8.54
Gibbs Smith French Slanguage A Fun Visual Guider to French
Book Synopsis
£8.54
Gibbs M. Smith Inc Slangauge of Love
Book Synopsis
£10.78
Peter Lang Publishing Inc William Faulkner Gavin Stevens and the Cavalier
Book SynopsisMany readers imagine Gavin Stevens as the character most similar to William Faulkner in all of his apocryphal Yoknapatawpha, and while Stevens was once considered the most reliable Faulknerian spokesperson, ample scholarship has demonstrated that he functions as far more than merely the author's mouthpiece. In William Faulkner, Gavin Stevens, and the Cavalier Tradition, Lorie Watkins Fulton defines Stevens's role and examines the scope of his influence. Fulton proposes that Faulkner uses similarities between himself and Stevens to voice, at a fictional remove, concerns about people of his own class and even of his own ancestry. Ultimately, she suggests that Stevens's manipulations of the law, his misunderstanding of human beings, and his rhetorically high-minded pursuit of not so much truth as of justice, or of justice as he sees it remove him ideologically only a degree or two away from the most terrifying dictators of the twentieth century.
£50.90
Peter Lang Publishing Inc The Verbal Aspect Integral to the Perfect and
Book SynopsisThis book argues that the verbal aspect of the Greek Perfect is complex, involving not one but two aspects, where the perfective applies to events and the imperfective applies to states. These two aspects are connected to specific morphemes in the Perfect tense-form. This study analyses Perfect tense-forms in discursive text by focusing on the Pauline Corpus. The method is grounded in grammaticalisation studies and informed by morphology, comparative linguistics, and historical linguistics. The argument is further supported by a corpus-based study showing both the Greek Perfect tense-form use in letters over an 800-year period and adverb collocations of the Perfect tense-form. The adverb collocations establish when a Perfect is used for an event or for a state. This study challenges other verbal aspect studies that find only one verbal aspect to explain the Greek Perfect. This study situates the Pauline Perfect tense-form usage within a spectrum of other letter writers, and finds thTrade Review“Sedlacek provides a coherent, well theorised, and carefully argued case for a complex aspect for the synthetic Greek perfect tense-form in the Pauline corpus and comparative sources from ca 400 BCE to 400 CE. His critique of previous scholarship on the topic identifies areas of misunderstanding in ways that will unsettle serious students of Hellenistic Greek and arouse their interest in Sedlacek’s own constructive proposals.” —Todd Klutz, Senior Lecturer in Biblical Studies and Early Christian Literature, University of Manchester“James Sedlacek’s analysis of verbal aspect with respect to perfects in the Pauline writings brings to the table a multidisciplinary approach that invokes corpus linguistics in the pursuit of both semantic and pragmatic angles. He interacts with major published works on aspect, arguing that (plu-)perfect forms point to an imperfective state, a perfect action, or both, while noting that context-relevance cannot be discerned merely from the use of the form itself. Readers will appreciate the author’s care in documenting his interactions via substantive citations of current scholarship as well as charting of the Pauline, classical and patristic Greek data that go to the argument. The discussion is engaging and quite informative in its pursuit of advancing our understanding of perfect ‘tense’ forms.” —Jonathan M. Watt, Professor of Biblical Studies, Chair of Department of Bible Christian Ministries and Philosophy, Geneva College, Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania“James Sedlacek’s research offers a fresh way forward in understanding the Greek synthetic perfect tense-form based on his thorough investigation of both recent and older scholarship on the topic, on his own comprehensive analysis of the Pauline Corpus, and comparison between Paul and a diachronic Greek epistolary and moral literature corpus from 400 BCE to 400 CE. His work is both systematic and clear, complex and balanced, interdisciplinary and most innovative in arguing for the presence of both perfective and imperfective aspects in the Greek synthetic perfect.” —Revd. Svetlana Khobnya, Senior Lecturer in Biblical Studies and Languages, Nazarene Theological College, ManchesterTable of ContentsList of Figures – Series Editor Preface – Author’s Preface – Introduction – Overview of Verbal Aspect Studies as Related to the Greek Perfect and Pluperfect Tense- Forms – A Way Forward – The Complex Aspect of the Perfect Tense- Form in the Pauline Corpus – Comparing the Pauline Corpus to a Diachronic Corpus of Epistolary and Moral Literature – Conclusion – Bibliography – Rationale and Purpose of the Appendices –Chart of Morphemes – Chart of Stem Count – Chart of Stems by Frequency – Chart of Context – Chart of Adverbial Modification of Stative Perfects – Chart of Adverbial Modification of Eventive Perfects – Adverb Frequency Data – Key Adverbs – Chart of Adverbial Modification of Perfects used in Citational or Referential ways – Chart of Pauline Corpus Examples with Perfects – Chart of Analysis Corpus Examples with Perfects – Chart of Selected Verbs Found in the Perfect Tense- Form within the Pauline Corpus Fully Conjugated – Author Index – Text Reference Index – Subject Index.
£66.60
Little, Brown Book Group How to Talk Teen
Book SynopsisWhat''s ILL in one place can be WACK in another, or the same word can actually have TOTES different meanings. It''s CRAY CRAY! From KEWL girls hitting on HENCH boys to wannabe gangstas hangin'' with their DOGGS in the ENDZ, teen slang can leave NOOBS CONFUZZLED. If you want to appear DOPE or just want to know WTF is going on, How to Talk Teen is the ultimate guide!Bugly : Short for butt ugly; exceeded on the ugly ranking by dugly and fugly. Pfun: More than mere fun. This is pure fun. Rando: A random person who appears at parties but who no one seems to know, let alone invited.Hiberdating: Disappearing from view because you''re spending almost all your time with your new boyfriend/girlfriend.Nodel: Someone who thinks they look like a model . . . but nobody else does.Rentsy: Acting like parents, i.e. acting responsibly or demonstrating a nauseating taste in music. Trade ReviewFor parents who want to be ahead of the game in speaking teen, this is a must-have book! - parentingwithouttears.com
£9.49
Little, Brown Book Group Bad Words
Book SynopsisOnce upon a time, the worst words you could utter were short, simple and tended to be four letters in length. Now things are more complicated. To be insulted as a ''snowflake'' or an ''expert'' is arguably worse than being called a **** or a **** or even a ****.So what are today''s ''bad words'' and how are they different from yesterday''s taboo expressions? This entertaining guide to the shifting sands of bad language is indispensable in an increasingly divided world in which abuse becomes ever more widespread and vituperative.Philip Gooden shows how and why taboo words and contentious expressions, including those four-letter ones, were first used in English. He discusses the ways such words have changed over the years and explores how a single syllable or two may possess an almost magical power to offend, distress or infuriate.Bad Words investigates the most controversial and provocative words in the English language in a way that is both anecdotal Trade Review". . . while the low-hanging sound of 'bollocks' seems to imitate the thing it describes." If that low-hanging sound is music to your ears, Bad Words has plenty. * Times Literary Supplement *From the article 'Sticks and Stones' in The Economist, titled 'The polarisation of politics has led to a new lexicon of insults' in the online edition. 'A watershed moment has arrived: traditional taboo words, pertaining to the body and excrement, no longer have the punch of group-based insults related to sex, disabilities and other such qualities, about which Western societies are increasingly sensitive. (Race-based gibes have been anathema for a while.)'The evolution of insults is the subject of Philip Gooden's new book, Bad Words. He recounts in one neat reversal the turn in the history of invective. The Sun, a British tabloid, was once in the habit of outing gay people, and even publicly defended its use of "poof" in doing so (because, the paper argued, its readers used the word, too). How times change. After abandoning the practice of outing in 1998, in 2018 the paper led a campaign to track down a bus-driver who called a reality-show star a "poofter". What it once considered lighthearted banter is now verboten homophobia.' -- Johnson * The Economist *
£11.24
Little, Brown Book Group Sounds Furies
Book SynopsisWomen as slang creators and users is perhaps the last, and very important, piece of the slang jigsaw. Women in slang is a pretty sorry story, but women and slang is an undiscovered territory, which this book explores, from fishwives and flappers to Mumsnet.Trade ReviewIn terms of a non-fiction account of how historical and contemporary language has been shaped by women, I really recommend lexicographer Jonathon Green's Sounds and Furies. -- Eley Williams, author of The Liar’s DictionaryWomen's relationship to slang, and especially their role in coining and popularising it, has been not so much a neglected topic as a non-issue: collectors and scholars have often assumed either that slang was an overwhelmingly male preserve, or else that women's contributions had gone unrecorded, and were consequently inaccessible to research. In Sounds and Furies Jonathon Green has put these assumptions to the test, and found many of them wanting. From fishwives to flappers and from music hall performers to Mumsnetters, women have indeed made contributions to the slang vocabulary of English; by bringing together so much fascinating material about their words and their worlds, this book makes its own contribution to the history of both women and language.It's long been accepted, even while complaining about women using it, that slang is inherently masculine. In his detailed and wide-ranging survey, Jonathon Green comprehensively disproves this. About time too. Green finds that, at least in recent years, English-speaking women have been every bit as enthusiastic, creative and filthy in their non-standard language as men. Mumsnetters and bulldaggers, flappers and slappers, shicksters and hash-slingers all put in their claims as slang-users in their own right in this entertaining and thought-provoking book. Women remain frequent objects of slang too, so mysogynists and offence-seekers needn't feel neglected. Any writer venturing into the contentious area of women as users, creators or objects of slang from now on will look to Green for guidance or for arguments. One way or another, his continued influence is assured.When it comes to distaff dirtiness, mainstream males such as Dickens and Dekker make easy pickings, but Green finds the greatest treasures when he mudlarks on the margins. In Sounds & Furies, he has dredged up some gems. -- Emma Byrne * Spectator *The best bits of the book are Green's own reflections, which are often on how frustrating it has been to find girls-only slang and verify it . . . a useful book on a reference shelf, invaluable for university libraries . . a sidelight on history and literature. -- Libby Purves * Times Literary Supplement *Jonathon Green is justly hailed as the King of Slang . . . informative and sometimes exhilarating, leading us through fields of filth. -- Lewis Jones * Telegraph *
£12.74
Bloomsbury Publishing PLC Jackspeak
Book SynopsisFrom ''A1'' to ''Zulu'', the fully revised and updated third edition of Jackspeak is a comprehensive guide to the slang of the Royal Navy.Discover the humorous and colourful and cryptic slang of the Senior Service, explained in layman''s terms. Featuring more than 4,000 alphabetical entries, Jackspeak was compiled by an ex-RM surgeon who spent 24 years in the service.With useful cross-references and examples of common usage throughout, along with excellent illustrations by Tugg, the cartoonist from service newspaper Navy News, it is the essential book for current and ex-Navy personnel and their families, or anyone interested in the modern armed forces. Osprey is proud to present a revised and updated edition of this classic volume, which is already acknowledged as the standard reference for every Jack, Jenny and Royal joining the Andrew, or for any civvy who wants a real insight into the unique culture of the Navy.Trade ReviewThere aren't too many books, let alone in the nautical world, which generate a succession of chuckles. Open Jackspeak at any page and you're pretty much guaranteed to laugh. * Navy News *
£13.49
Bloomsbury Publishing PLC Not Enough Room to Swing a Cat
Book SynopsisThis book explores the nautical history of some of our most common expressions in an entertaining and informative volume.As the crow flies'''', ''''chunder'''', ''''cold enough to freeze the balls off a brass monkey'''', ''''three sheets to the wind'''' - many terms like these are used in everyday English language conversation and writing. But how many landlubbers know that they derive from naval slang or know what the phrase originally referred to?The navy has helped to shape modern society and is famous for its traditions, quirks and nuances. It is distinctly different to wider society and nowhere is this more evident than in language. The naval community once had its own language, incomprehensible to anyone who was not a sailor, which described and explained his unique world. But on shore leave these men introduced their language to the populations of bustling ports and harbours and the usage slowly spread inland.Today through the mediums of film, t
£9.49
Edinburgh University Press The Sociopragmatics of Attitude Datives in
Book SynopsisThis book analyses data from a variety of sources, including soap operas, movies, plays, talk shows and other audiovisual material, to examine attitude datives in Levantine Arabic. It examines four types of interpersonal pragmatic marker: topic/affectee-oriented, speaker-oriented, hearer-oriented and subject-oriented.
£67.50
Edinburgh University Press The Sociopragmatics of Attitude Datives in
Book SynopsisThis book analyses data from a variety of sources, including soap operas, movies, plays, talk shows and other audiovisual material, to examine attitude datives in Levantine Arabic. It examines four types of interpersonal pragmatic marker: topic/affectee-oriented, speaker-oriented, hearer-oriented and subject-oriented.
£22.79
University of Nebraska Press Relativization in Ojibwe
Book SynopsisFollowing previous dialect studies concerned primarily with varieties of Ojibwe spoken in Canada, Relativization in Ojibwe presents the first study of dialect variation for varieties spoken in the United States and along the border region of Ontario and Minnesota.Trade Review“Breaking new ground with some of the world’s best tribal language speakers, Michael Sullivan has forged a powerful tool for revitalization of Ojibwe. The Ojibwe language is in motion. From linguists in the ivory tower to the staff of the immersion schools sprouting up across Ojibwe country, this is required reading.”—Anton Treuer, professor of Ojibwe at Bemidji State University Table of ContentsList of Illustrations and Tables Acknowledgments List of Abbreviations 1. A Basic Introduction to the Study 1.1. Purpose and Goals 1.2. Ojibwe Relative Clauses 1.2.1. What Is a Relative Clause? 1.2.2. Linguistic Preliminaries 1.2.3. Ojibwe RCs 1.2.3.1. Core versus Relative Root Arguments 1.2.4. Variation in SW Ojibwe 1.3. Algonquian Dialectology 1.3.1. Ojibwe Dialects 1.3.2. Implications of Classifications 1.3.3. Southwestern Ojibwe 1.3.4. Literature Review: Dialect Studies 1.3.4.1. Rhodes and Todd (1981) 1.3.4.2. Valentine (1994) 1.3.4.3. Nichols (2011, 2012) 1.4. Literature Review: Algonquian RCs 1.4.1. Rhodes (1996) 1.4.2. Johns (1982) 1.4.3. Johansson (2011) 1.4.4. Johansson (2013) 1.4.5. Lochbihler and Mathieu (2013) 1.5. Theoretical Preliminaries 1.5.1. Nonconfigurationality 1.5.1.1. The Pronominal Argument Hypothesis (PAH) 1.5.2. The Mirror Principle and the Minimalist Program 1.5.2.1. Feature Checking 1.5.2.2. Independent versus Conjunct 1.5.3. Split-CP Hypothesis (Rizzi 1997) 1.6. Conclusion 1.6.1. Concluding Remarks 2. Ojibwe Morphosyntax 2.1. Typological Preliminaries 2.2. The Sound System 2.2.1. The Vowels 2.2.2. Consonant Inventory 2.3. Morphology 2.3.1. Nouns 2.3.2. Pronouns 2.3.3. Verbal Morphology 2.3.3.1. Palatalization 2.3.3.2. Nominalization 2.3.4. Preverbs 2.4. Inflectional Subsystems 2.4.1. Modes 2.5. Topicality Hierarchy 2.5.1. Obviation 2.6. Initial Change 2.6.1. Wh-questions 2.6.2. Participles 2.6.3. Past/Completive 2.7. Word Order and Clause Structure 2.7.1. The Noun Phrase 2.7.2. Basic Constituency Order 2.7.3. The Left Periphery 2.7.3.1. Focus 2.7.3.2. Topic 3. Methodology 3.1. Survey Apparatus 3.2. Archival Data 3.3. Findings 3.3.1. ji-/da- Complementizer, jibwaa/dabwaa 3.3.2. Preterit Peripheral Suffixes 3.3.3. Neutralization of Inanimate Plural in Conjunct 3.3.4. Number under Obviation 3.3.5. Restructuring of Dependent Stems 3.3.6. Core Demonstratives 3.3.7. Phonological Variation 3.3.7.1. Nasal Behavior 3.3.7.1.1. Initial /n/ 3.3.7.1.2. Final Nasal in Negation Suffix -sii(n) 3.3.7.1.3. Final Nasal /n/ Behavior 3.3.7.1.4. Nasal Spreading 3.3.7.2. Initial /g/ 3.3.7.3. Vowel and Glide Quality 3.3.7.3.1. Labialization and Rounding 3.3.7.3.2. Vowel Height /i/ versus /a/ 3.3.7.3.3. Articulation of Glides /y/ and /w/ 3.3.7.4. Other Points of Variation 3.3.7.4.1. Women’s Names -k(we) 3.3.7.4.2. /t/ Epenthesis 3.3.7.4.3. Syncope 3.3.8. Lexical Variation 3.3.8.1. Body-Part-Incorporating Suffix -e 3.3.8.2. -ngwaam(i) Verbs 3.3.8.3. -aadage/-aadagaa Verbs 3.3.9. Animacy Status 3.3.10. TA -aw Stem Contraction 3.3.11. Initial Vowel Change 3.3.12. Iterative Suffix 3.3.13. Participles 3.3.13.1. Southern Strategies 3.3.13.2. Innovations 3.3.13.3. gaa- Participles 3.4. Discussion 3.4.1. Geographic Variation 3.4.1.1. Leech Lake as a Transitional Area 3.4.1.2. Intelligibility 3.4.2. Age-Graded Variation 3.4.3. Free Variation 4. Relativization in Ojibwe 4.1. Ojibwe Relative Clauses 4.1.1. Findings: Core Argument versus Relative Root Arguments 4.1.2. Variation in Relativization Strategies 4.2. Theoretical Framework 4.2.1. Plain Conjunct Morphosyntax 4.2.1.1. Brittain (2001) 4.2.2. Split-CP Hypothesis (Rizzi 1997) 4.2.2.1. FinP as Host to Conjunct 4.2.2.2. FocP Host to IC 4.2.2.3. ForceP and RCs 4.2.3. Cyclicity and Phases (Bruening 2001) 4.3. Refining the Analysis 4.3.1. Feature Bundles 4.3.2. The Structure of the Ojibwe CP 4.3.3. Internally versus Externally Headed RCs 4.3.4. Concluding Remarks 5. Conclusions 5.1. Review 5.1.1. Implications of the Findings 5.2. Limitations 5.2.1. Obsolescence 5.2.2. Access 5.2.3. L2 Interference 5.3. Comparisons within the Algonquian Family 5.3.1. IC 5.3.2. Algonquian Participles 5.3.2.1. PA Participles 5.4. Directions for Future Research Appendix: VTA Paradigms Notes References Index
£55.80
