Development economics Books

Book SynopsisIn The Foreign Aid Business, Kunibert Raffer and Hans Singer offer an incisive analysis of aid and development finance, examine the key issues and new trends in aid as well as proposing a series of fundamental improvements.Distinguishing clearly between ‘aid’ and ‘help’ in development finance, the authors discuss aid in the context of other North-South flows, such as trade or debt service, and describe its role and evolution during the Cold War. They address in detail issues such as food aid, the European Union’s Lome co-operation, Japan’s emergence as the largest donor and its specific aid philosophy, the often neglected question of South-South aid and the role of non-governmental organizations. The new trends analyzed in this book include political conditionality, the UNDP’s proposal to reorient aid towards human development and the question of aid diversion to the former communist countries. The Foreign Aid Business concludes by proposing a series of innovative reforms for development aid and finance. The authors advocate major improvements which include combining emergency and development aid, the financial accountability of donors, international insolvency to stop aid bailing-out creditors and the emulation of the Marshall pla’s successful self-monitoring by recipients. Combining a sophisticated analysis of current issues and trends with innovative new ideas for raising the effectiveness of development aid and finance, this substantial new book will be welcomed by academic scholars, policymakers and practitioners as a major contribution to our understanding of the foreign aid business.Trade Review’Raffer and Singer’s volume contains many useful chapters on issues such as Lome, food aid and conditionality.’- Howard White, Development and Change’. . . the book is a useful contribution to the literature. Most of the major contemporary issues surrounding aid are discussed.’- Mark McGillivray, Journal of Development StudiesTable of ContentsContents: Part I: Aid – What is it? 1. Aid and Help – A Necessary Distinction 2. Aid as One Aspect of North–South Relations 3. Multilateralism in the Aid and Development Business 4. Aid During the Cold War Part II: Specific Sources and Forms of Aid 5. Food Aid: A Conceptual and Statistical Quagmire 6. Advantages and Disadvantages of Food Aid 7. Lomé: From Contractuality to Conditionality 8. Japan, the Emerging Aid Giant 9. South-South Aid: OPEC and other Southern Donors 10. Aid and NGOs Part III: New Trends in Aid 11. Aid Conditionality 12. Political Conditionality – Illustrating Double Standards 13. Aid and Human Development 14. The Future of Aid: Proposals for Change Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisScience and technology policy is widely recognized as a critically important sphere of state activity. This book presents an authoritative overview of comparative research on science and technology policy in order to illuminate the choices that confront decision makers in this field. With contributions from various disciplines including economics, political science, law and science and technology studies, the selection of articles reflects both traditional perspectives and those which challenge conventional assumptions. The book covers such topics as the relationship between science and the state, and comparisons of how different governments seek to support and regulate scientific research, technology, industrial innovation and global competitiveness. Finally it looks at how international influences can affect national policies.Table of ContentsPART I: Science, Technology, and the State 1. Y. Ezrahi (1984), ‘Science and Utopia in Late 20th Century Pluralist Democracy: With a Special Reference to the U.S.A’ 2. J.G. Ruggie (1975), ‘International Responses to Technology: Concepts and Trends’ 3. E. Solingen (1993), ‘Between Markets and the State: Scientists in Comparative Perspective’ 4. A. Jamison (1987), ‘National Styles of Science and Technology: A Comparative Model’ PART II: Governmental Support for Science 5. H. Nowotny (1990), ‘Knowledge for Certainty: Poverty, Welfare Institutions and the Institutionalization of Social Science’ 6. A. Rip (1994), ‘The Republic of Science in the 1990’s’ 7. A. Elzinga and I. Bohlin (1989), ‘The Politics of Science in Polar Regions’ 8. Y. Gingras and M. Trépanier (1993), ‘Constructing a Tokamak: Political, Economic, and Technical Factors as Constraints and Resources’ PART III: Cross-National Perspectives on Technology Policy 9. Henry Ergas (1987), ‘Does Technology Policy Matter?’ 10. R.R. Nelson (1990), ‘U.S. Technological Leadership: Where Did It Come From, and Where Did It Go?’ 11. M. Evangelista (1989), ‘Issue-Area and Foreign Policy Revisited’ 12. H. Willke (1995), ‘The Proactive State: The Role of National Enabling Policies in Global Socio-Economic Transformations’ PART IV: Cultures of Innovation 13. P. Patel and K. Pavitt (1994), ‘National Innovation Systems: Why They Are Important, and How They Might Be Measured and Compared’ 14. H. Kitschelt (1991), ‘Industrial Governance Structures, Innovation Strategies and the Case of Japan: Sectoral or Cross-National Comparative Analysis?’ 15. J. Nicholas Ziegler (1995), ‘Institutions, Elites, and Technological Change in France and Germany’ PART V: Regulatory Politics and Policy 16. Sheila Jasanoff (1990), ‘American Exceptionalism and the Political Acknowledgement of Risk’ 17. J. Abraham and E. Millstone (1989), ‘Food Additive Controls: Some International Comparisons’ 18. D. Vogel (1992), ‘Consumer Protection and Protectionism in Japan’ 19. K. Harrison and G. Hoberg (1991), ‘Setting the Environmental Agenda in Canada and the United States: The Cases of Dioxin and Radon‘ 20. M.R. Reich (1995), ‘The Politics of Agenda Setting in International Health: Child Health versus Adult Health in Developing Countries’ 21. A.L. Bonnicksen (1994), ‘National and International Approaches to Human Germ-Line Gene Therapy’ 22. M.E. Porter and Claas van der Linde (1995), ‘Toward a New Conception of the Environment-Competitiveness Relationship’(22) PART VI: International Influences and National Policy 23. P.M. Haas (1989), ‘Do Regimes Matter? Epistemic Communities and Mediterranean Pollution Control’ 24. M.A. Hajer (1995), ‘Politics on the Move: The Democratic Control of the Design of Sustainable Technologies’ 25. D. Laurence and B. Wynne (1989), ‘Transporting Waste in the European Community: A Free Market? ’ 26. A. Mol and J. Law (1994), ‘Regions, Networks and Fluids: Anaemia and Social Topology’ 27. J.N. Rosenau (1992), ‘The Relocation of Authority in a Shrinking World’

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Book SynopsisTowards Sustainable Project Development is an important new book which addresses the sustainability of development projects from an environmental as well as from a human resources perspective. It extends beyond the traditional concentration on economic issues, and is highly focused on practical experience, research, and operational analysis.In this book an outstanding group of international contributors explores sustainable project development in three main ways. It begins by considering environmental sustainability for development projects both methodologically and in practical policy terms, with emphasis on incorporating environmental policies more effectively into development programmes. The discussion develops to examine the success of projects in relation to approaches to human resource development and how the planning process is transformed into a manageable reality. Special emphasis is placed on managerial effectiveness as a key requirement for sustainable project initiatives. Finally the authors explore, with the aid of country case studies, the extent to which donors and recipients have developed their approaches to project and programme development and consider the opportunity for long term sustainability of development projects.This outstanding book will be invaluable to undergraduate and postgraduate students of development studies, to project and programme planners and managers, officials of international organizations and government departments.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I: Environmental Sustainability Part II: Projects, People and Process Part III: Towards Sustainable Development - Perspectives and Practice Index

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Book SynopsisIn The Foreign Aid Business, Kunibert Raffer and Hans Singer offer an incisive analysis of aid and development finance, examine the key issues and new trends in aid as well as proposing a series of fundamental improvements.Distinguishing clearly between ‘aid’ and ‘help’ in development finance, the authors discuss aid in the context of other North-South flows, such as trade or debt service, and describe its role and evolution during the Cold War. They address in detail issues such as food aid, the European Union’s Lome co-operation, Japan’s emergence as the largest donor and its specific aid philosophy, the often neglected question of South-South aid and the role of non-governmental organizations. The new trends analyzed in this book include political conditionality, the UNDP’s proposal to reorient aid towards human development and the question of aid diversion to the former communist countries. The Foreign Aid Business concludes by proposing a series of innovative reforms for development aid and finance. The authors advocate major improvements which include combining emergency and development aid, the financial accountability of donors, international insolvency to stop aid bailing-out creditors and the emulation of the Marshall pla’s successful self-monitoring by recipients. Combining a sophisticated analysis of current issues and trends with innovative new ideas for raising the effectiveness of development aid and finance, this substantial new book will be welcomed by academic scholars, policymakers and practitioners as a major contribution to our understanding of the foreign aid business.Trade Review’Raffer and Singer’s volume contains many useful chapters on issues such as Lome, food aid and conditionality.’- Howard White, Development and Change’. . . the book is a useful contribution to the literature. Most of the major contemporary issues surrounding aid are discussed.’- Mark McGillivray, Journal of Development StudiesTable of ContentsContents: Part I: Aid – What is it? 1. Aid and Help – A Necessary Distinction 2. Aid as One Aspect of North–South Relations 3. Multilateralism in the Aid and Development Business 4. Aid During the Cold War Part II: Specific Sources and Forms of Aid 5. Food Aid: A Conceptual and Statistical Quagmire 6. Advantages and Disadvantages of Food Aid 7. Lomé: From Contractuality to Conditionality 8. Japan, the Emerging Aid Giant 9. South-South Aid: OPEC and other Southern Donors 10. Aid and NGOs Part III: New Trends in Aid 11. Aid Conditionality 12. Political Conditionality – Illustrating Double Standards 13. Aid and Human Development 14. The Future of Aid: Proposals for Change Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisSuccessful Transformations? contrasts the recent experience of economic development in Eastern Germany and the Czech Republic. It provides a comparative up-to-date account critically assessing the transition from central planning to a free market economy. The book highlights the very different paths that these two economies have taken. Eastern Germany has been absorbed almost entirely into the political and economic framework of West Germany. In contrast the Czech Republic - which is widely acclaimed to have made the speediest transition - has from the outset adopted an independent line. The book illustrates the strengths and weaknesses of these two different paths and addresses the key question as to whether the relative success of these two economies can point to a special policy regime which might aid economic transition in other former communist countries.Trade Review'Taken together, the eight chapters are an extremely good account of these two experiences, show clear strengths and weaknesses of the transition processes, and present facts enough to be open to a wide readership. Some interesting points are put forward and the authors offer guidance on transitional tactics.' -- Bruno S. Sergi, KyklosTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I: The East German Transformation 1. East Germany’s Way 2. The Role of the Treuhandanstalt 3. East Germany’s New Firms Part II: The Economic Transformation in the Czech Republic 4. Stability Before Growth? 5. An Incomplete Transformation? 6. Transforming Czech Enterprises 7. The Restructuring of Industry Part III: Conclusion 8. Towards Sustainable Growth?

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Book SynopsisThis important new book is an extensive, yet concise overview which critically surveys the application of economic valuation techniques to environmental problems in less developed countries. The authors argue that economic valuation has just as important a role to play in the developing as in the developed world in valuing environmental resources and change. Additionally, the information which such techniques provide is invaluable when helping to devise sound environmental policies. The book demonstrates that economic valuation is of extreme importance in raising the profile of the environmental aspects of development initiatives and policies, and that the application of economic valuation is both widespread and successful in developing countries.This book will be essential reading for professional environmental economists, particularly those working in the developing world, project appraisal analysts, policymakers in development organizations and graduate students of development and environmental economics.Trade Review'This collection is an extensive, yet concise, overview that critically surveys the application of economic valuation techniques to environmental problems in less developed countries.'Table of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. Economic Valuation Methodology 3. Selected Case Studies in Economic Valuation 4. Guidelines for Economic Valuation 5. Problems with Applying Valuation Techniques in Developing Economies 6. Annotated Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisTrade Diversification in the Least Developed Countries examines the success of the least developed countries (LDCs) in implementing trade reforms to encourage trade diversification and considers what further policy reforms might be required to achieve this objective.The book begins with an overview examining the reasons why trade diversification is imperative for the LDCs, and provides a summary of the empirical evidence at regional and national level. It then assesses the impact of trade policy reform on trade diversification in Africa in general. The remaining chapters consist of a variety of country case studies including Bangladesh, Mozambique, Uganda, Haiti, Niger and Lao PDR. In conclusion it discusses the Uruguay Round in relation to trade diversification, its possible implications and adverse effects.The book will be essential to students of development studies, development economics and international economics. It will also be important for policy makers, officials and researchers in the developing countries.Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Trade Diversification in LDCs: An Overview (C.K. Patel, S. Gayi, W. van der Geest) 2. Trade Diversification in Sub-Saharan Africa and in the African LDCs: Efforts, Constraints and Results (C. Kirkpatrick, J. Weiss) 3. Trade Diversification in Bangladesh: Prospects and Constraints (W. van der Geest, K. Rahman) 4. Trade Diversification in Benin: Prospects and Constraints (L. Chia, S. Gayi) 5. Trade Diversification in Cape Verde: Prospects and Constraints (W. van der Geest) 6. Trade Diversification in Haiti: Prospects and Constraints (G. Fischer, S. Gayi) 7. Trade Diversification in the Lao PDR: Prospects and Constraints (G. Köhler, W. van der Geest) 8. Trade Diversification in Mozambique: Prospects and Constraints (K. Rahman, W. van der Geest) 9. Trade Diversification in Niger: Prospects and Constraints (L. Komlev) 10. Trade Diversification in Uganda: Prospects and Constraints (W. van der Geest) 11. The Uruguay Round, Trade Diversification and the LDCs (S. Gayi) Index

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Book SynopsisCost-benefit analysis is a key component in the evaluation of economic development strategies. In this new, updated version of his earlier book, Project Appraisal for Developing Countries, Robert Brent provides a comprehensive and accessible introduction to recent developments in project appraisal. Cost-Benefit Analysis for Developing Countries interprets, expands and evaluates the principles of project appraisal using the approach recommended by the World Bank. Robert Brent challenges a number of their findings, particularly through the inclusion of the 'numbers effect', the number of people affected by a development project, as a separate social objective. The book is based on a combination of sound economic theory and extensive empirical research, and case studies are used throughout to illustrate the theory. The author analyses, from an applied perspective, the most recent developments in project appraisal. He discusses key issues such as: structural adjustment lending investment criteria the basic needs approach shadow and market prices the social discount rate risk analysis. Cost-Benefit Analysis for Developing Countries will be essential reading for students with an interest in development economics, development studies, public policy and comparative economic systems as well as policymakers and practitioners in international organisations and developing countries.Table of ContentsContents: Part I: The Essentials of the S & T Approach 1. Introduction to Project Appraisal and Cost–benefit Analysis 2. Investment Criteria 3. Distributional Weights 4. The Social Discount Rate 5. The Shadow Wage Rate 6. Shadow Prices for Traded Goods 7. Shadow Prices for Non-traded Goods 8. The Standard Conversion Factor and the Shadow Exchange Rate Part II: Further Issues in Project Appraisal 9. Comparison of Methods I 10 Comparison of Methods II 11. Allowing for Risk 12. Basic Needs 13. Structural Adjustment Loans 14. Summary, Conclusions and Recent Developments References Index

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Book SynopsisThis book investigates the effects of organizational contexts on the process of technological innovation. It analyses the internal organization of the firm as well as external influences, and examines how these factors affect a firm's innovative potential. The organization of the firm, it is argued, is intrinsic to the innovation process itself.The authors consider new concepts of the theory of the firm, look at evolutionary economics and concepts of innovation within this school of thought, and analyse national and sectoral systems of innovation. They discuss firm-specific knowledge and organization, and its effects on innovative opportunities. In addition, they pay special attention to a firm's ability to innovate in relation to incentives, and the sources of technology available to them. From this they conclude that organizational factors are primary features of the process of technical change.Included in the discussion are examinations of: networks of collaborating firms in R&D activity 'technology foresight' and the direction of future innovative activity in industrial sectors the relationship between business units and corporate parents government and regulatory agencies the role of capital, and short termism in financial markets the relationship between suppliers and customers Technological Change and Organization will be of welcomed by those interested in technological change and innovation, institutional and evolutionary economics, as well as to microeconomists interested in the theory of the firm and industrial organization.Trade Review'This book has very nicely highlighted how the internal organization of a firm and its external influence are intrinsic to the innovative potential of the firms. The book, because of certain new insights on this important issue of innovative capabilities would be very useful to policy makers, industry, and researchers in the area of innovation and technological change.' -- N. Mrinalini, Journal of Scientific and Industrial ResearchTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. Innovation, Capabilities and Knowledge 3. Research Procedures Induced by Non-market Variables 4. International Technology Development Structures in Multinational Firms 5. Management of Technology in Multiproduct Firms 6. Reorganizing for Knowledge Integration and Constituency 7. Rapid Technological Change and Shortening Business Horizons 8. ‘Upgrading’ National Systems of Innovation 9. Foresight for Research and Technology Policies 10. Cultural and Institutional Determinants of National Technological Advantage 11. Innovation, Diffusion and Political Control of Co-generation Technology in the UK Since privatization

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Book SynopsisHow can developing nations achieve cohesive national innovation systems which provide the foundations for technological progress and economic growth? In answer to this question, Technology, Development and Democracy examines the possibility of studying innovation systems using a unified approach drawing on economic, political, sociological and cultural factors and addresses the problematic concept of progress in the postmodern era.Haider Khan expresses the search for high technology as the search for 'positive feedback loop innovation systems' (POLIS). In the first part of the book the conditions for POLIS are explored both in theory and using empirical evidence. The author examines the theoretical arguments which describe an innovation system as a complex and uncertain evolutionary process. He uses empirical evidence to illustrate these arguments and examines whether South Korea's pursuit of high technology has led to the creation of a 'positive feedback loop innovation system'. The second part of the book extends the analysis of the economics of POLIS and discusses the implications of high technology systems for the polity and society at large. It also pursues some of the normative issues raised by high technology, particularly the relationship between economy and democracy. Technology, Development and Democracy will be invaluable to students and academics with an interest in economic development, technological change and political economy.Trade Review'This interesting book addresses the implications of a modern technology system for economic development and examines questions regarding the role of advanced technologies in creating post-modern conditions in developing societies.' -- Aslib Book GuideTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction: Technology, Complexity and Postmodernism 2. Technology, Growth and Increasing Returns 3. Technological Complexity, Uncertainty and POLIS 4. Technology Systems, Social Accounting Matrices and the Evolution intoPOLIS 5. South Korea: an Economy in search of a POLIS Part II – Beyond the Economics of POLIS 6. The Sorcerer’s Apprentice? Technology, Democracy and Development in the Age of Postmodernism 7. Technology, Democracy and Global Justice in the McWorld: Can we put the Genie back into the bottle? 8. Conclusions: Towards a Brave New World? Bibliography

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Book SynopsisThis important book challenges conventional development theory by addressing not only technological but also socio-economic factors influencing low agricultural productivity in the developing world.Agricultural productivity has long been regarded as a fundamental factor in influencing economic development, yet relatively little research has examined the causes of stagnated and low agricultural productivity in developing countries. This book goes beyond the traditional discussion of low productivity being primarily determined by technological factors, and addresses the more complex determinants. Special attention is given to the influences of ecology and environmental degradation, the distribution of political power and socio-economic factors, as well as possibilities for biotechnology. The authors have been drawn from an international arena and transcend traditional academic disciplines combining historical, statistical and formal analysis for a better understanding of critical development issues. Economic Development and Agricultural Productivity will be of special interest to development and agricultural economists and policymakers.Trade Review'This is a thought-provoking book worthy of the attention of all professionals working with issues of agricultural development in developing countries.'Table of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I: Historical Perspectives on Productivity in Agriculture Part II: The Role of the Price Mechanism in Relation to the Agricultural Sector Part III: Stagnation and Growth in Agricultural Productivity: The Influence of Class Relations and the Role of the State Part IV: Ecological Sustainability of Agricultural Productivity Growth Index

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Book SynopsisThis up to date book provides the first evidence on employee-ownership in Central and Eastern Europe. This subject has attracted growing interest in recent years, since the sale and free distribution of enterprise shares to employed workers and mangers have surprisingly become frequent privatization methods in many transitional economies. The book highlights some of the crucial issues which have been debated in recent economic literature, in particular the advantages and risks of employee-ownership in comparison with other privatization methods. It also provides an overview of individual countries' experiences and makes some important policy recommendations. Privatization Surprises in Transition Economies is a wide-ranging survey which considers employee- ownership within privatization legislation and its diffusion and implementation problems in 14 transitional economies. Using empirical evidence on the impact of this privatization method, the authors address issues such as enterprise restructuring, employment, wages, productivity and investment policies. They conclude that employee-ownership has a bright future, and that the fears expressed by many policy advisers regarding the negative implications of employee ownership were largely exaggerated. This privatization method has proven to be one of the quickest, and has also brought with it many positive changes such as decentralization, increased productivity and motivation and more moderate restructuring policies - especially with regard to employment reductions.This book also presents some of the weaknesses of this form of privatization and identifies such possible improvement as the use of employee-ownership in combination with other privatization methods.Trade Review'Privatization Surprises in Transition Economies is a welcome addition to studies of economic transition.'Table of ContentsContents: Foreword 1. Introduction. Creating Employee Capitalism in Central and Eastern Europe (M. Uvalic, D. Vaughan-Whitehead) 2. Employee Ownership in the Baltic Countries (N. Mygind) 3. Employee Ownership and Participation in Bulgaria, 1989 to mid 1996 (C. Rock, M. Klinedinst) 4. The Demise of Employee Ownership in the Czech Privatization Programme? (J. Kotrba) 5. Successful Waves of Employee Ownership in Hungary (G. Lajtai) 6. Employee Ownership in Polish Privatizations (D. Mario Nuti) 7. Employee Share-Ownership in Romania: The Main Path to Privatization (C. Munteanu) 8. Rapid Spread of Employee Ownership in the Privatized Russia (B. Lissovolik) 9. Employee Ownership alongside Hyper-stagflation in Ukraine: Enterprise Survey Results for 1993–95 (D. Vaughan-Whitehead) 10. Privatization in the Yugoslav Successor States: Converting Self-Management into Property Rights (M. Uvalic) Index

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Book SynopsisThe current economic transition in Central and Eastern Europe is leading to the emergence of significant fragmentation within regions and between countries. The competitive struggle for scarce resources and global markets during the transition to capitalism in Eastern and Central Europe has caused countries to move away from a process of regional convergence which existed under state socialism to regional divergence. This book focuses on regional economic change in Eastern and Central Europe using Slovakia as a case study. It explains the relationship between industrial change and regional development, and discusses fragmentation within the context of the legacy of the state socialist industrialization model. The book interweaves up-to-date empirical analysis with theoretical debates and uses regional case studies to highlight key issues.Reconstructing the Regional Economy examines both the limits and scope of regional capitalist development, documenting the nature and causes of uneven development in Slovakia. It addresses industrial and restructuring strategies, arguing that current progress must be understood within the context of the past, and that the present complex mix of old and new economic and institutional structures contribute significantly to economic fragmentation and divergence. The author criticises shock therapy, and argues that the transition to a market economy cannot simply be achieved through filling the supposed vacuum left by the collapse of central planning. This original and important book will be welcomed by academics and students interested in the economics of transition and by policymakers in Western and Eastern European countries.Trade Review'Reconstructing the Regional Economy is a book that seriously and vigorously explores the origins and processes of uneven regional economic development in the post-socialist sphere. The combination of theoretical understanding and extensive empirical knowledge provides a "wholeness" of presentation that is convincing and impressive. It is a significant work that will both contribute to, and further, our understanding of post-socialist transformation.'Table of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction: The Regional Question and Approaches to Transition in Eastern and Central Europe Part I: Regional Development, Industrial Restructuring and Eastern and Central Europe Part II: State Socialism and Regional Development Part III: The ‘Transition to Capitalism’ and Regional Development Part IV: Conclusions and Alternatives Index

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Book SynopsisThis two volume set presents a wide-ranging selection of important articles, which explore the effects of the globalization of the world economy on developing and newly industrialized countries. It investigates policies of liberalizing trade in developing countries and the effects of the inflow of capital and investment; it explores how the trend towards developing regional trading areas in for example, Europe, the Americas and the Pacific area, affects and is affected by globalization. Further topics include the role of multinational firms, the effects of the economic decisions taken by worldwide organizations or by the institutions of the major economic players, and the impact of global policy issues such as environment and trade on emerging economies.Trade Review'This hefty collection of articles serves as a valuable introduction to the main issues regarding the implications of increasing global economic integration especially for developing countries. Together these two fine volumes constitute the fourth part of Mark Casson's excellent series The Globalization of the World Economy.' -- Journal of Peace ResearchTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Volume I Part I: Countries Part II: Capital Flows and Financial Liberalization in Developing Countries Part III: The Relationship between Globalization and Regional Integration • Volume II Part I: Multinational Firms, Exports and Developing Countries Part II: Sectoral Issues Part III: Multilateral Institutions and the Developing Countries Part IV: Global Policy Issues and the Developing Countries

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Book SynopsisThis volume contains 21 selected essays by Professor Sir Hans Singer written over the last two decades. The volume addresses:- development economics in historical perspective and considers where it stands today the early pioneers of 'development' thinking including Smith and Keynes growth, industrialization and trade current questions of the terms of trade debate and import substitution North-South and South-South linkages foreign aid The author gives grateful thanks to Matthew Morris and Hans Ulrich Esslinger for their contributions to this book.Table of ContentsContents: Part I: Introduction Part II: Pioneers of Development Economics Part III: Growth, Industrialization and Trade Part IV: Import Substitution and Terms of Trade Controversy Part V: North-South and South-South Trade Part VI: Aid

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Book SynopsisThe Economics of Famine presents an important collection of outstanding contributions to the economic analysis of famine. The first part consists of theoretical papers, including Amartya Sen's classic exposition of the entitlement approach to famine analysis, various extensions and critiques of this approach, and more recent developments in the economics of famine. The second part consists of empirical case studies of famine in specific countries or regions, including Ireland, Russia, China, South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. This innovative volume provides invaluable reference material for development economists and all those concerned with the persistence of famine in the modern world.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I: Famine Analysis Part II: Case Studies Index

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Book SynopsisThis ambitious book scrutinizes the role of institutions in economic change, with special reference to Southeast Asia. It suggests that the nature of institutional arrangements such as households, community groups, firms, bureaucracies and formal governance systems can significantly affect human activity and economic success.The book begins by outlining the key elements of the theory of institutional economics. It then addresses institutions associated with particular markets and economic functions using case studies such as new agricultural technologies, the Indonesian labour force, the market for manufactured goods in Malaysia, Chinese entrepreneurs and policy makers in Thailand. The role of institutions is then discussed within the broader context of national and international change. Included are examinations of institutions which have evolved in Indonesia, those concerned with the transformation from central planning to the free market in Vietnam and institutions connected with governance and economic improvement in the Philippines. The discussion is brought up-to-date by an analysis of the role of global economic institutions in the recent Asian crises, looking at ways in which their performance might be enhanced.Trade Review'This book has been a long time coming . . . but the wait was worthwhile . . . This book is far more valuable than most edited volumes, and deserves to be read not only by those interested in Southeast Asia but by all those who want to have better tools for thinking about and analysing what really happens in the nitty-gritty of development.' -- James Cobbe, Progress in Development Studies 'This fine book is highly recommended.'– Frithjof Kuhnen, Quarterly Journal of International AgricultureTable of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: General 1. Introduction 2. An Economic Theory of Institutional Change Part II: Institutions in Particular Markets 3. Institutions of Change in Rural Development 4. Labour Institutions 5. Industrial Institutions 6. Entrepreneurship and Institutions 7. The Economics of Institutional Change Part III: Institutions in National and International Economic Change 8. Government and Deregulation in Indonesia 9. The Institutions of Transition from Central Planning 10. Executive–Legislative Relations in the Philippines 11. Global Economic Institutions from the Southeast Asian Perspective Part IV: Conclusions 12. Conclusions References Index

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Book SynopsisThis in-depth analysis of direct investment in transition economies provides not only original insights for economic policy in Central and Eastern Europe, but challenges some of the theoretical foundations of the multinational firm.Foreign investment is important in promoting economic growth and development, and this book examines the determinants of foreign direct investment under the unique conditions of the transition from central planning to market economies. It begins by reviewing the business environment and the conditions facing foreign investors, and assessing the existing statistical and qualitative evidence. Dr Meyer then analyses the theoretical literature and extends this in an empirical analysis investigating the investment decision of firms entering Central and Eastern Europe. The book also critically examines transaction cost theory and the theory of the multinational firm under the special conditions of economic transition. It points to a reorientation of international business research which will need to focus on firms as organizations rather than firms as substitutes for imperfect markets. Direct Investment in Economies in Transition will be essential reading for students and scholars of international business and transition economics. It will provide valuable insights for policymakers within the region about the forces driving foreign investment.Trade Review'. . . I found this to be an interesting and informative book, whose analysis should be of interest to all economics and international business researchers concerned with the problems of direct foreign investment in post-communist economies. It represents a contribution to the economics of transition literature, both from theoretical and empirical points of view.'Table of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. Direct Foreign Investment in Central and Eastern Europe 3. Determinants of Direct Investment: A Review of the Literature 4. Transaction Cost Analysis of Direct Foreign Investment 5. The Enterprise Survey 6. The Determinants of West–East Business 7. Determinants of Direct Investment: Testing Transaction Cost Theory 8. Form of Ownership and Mode of Entry 9. Conclusions Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis outstanding new collection surveys the relationship between the environment and development, and highlights some of the tensions that are implicit in the notion of sustainable development.Environmental Economics and Development is organized into six sections: general aspects; resource utilization and management; valuation and accounting of environmental change; environmental policy instruments; adjustment, trade and the environment; and distributional issues. These areas include general features of environment-development interfaces, operational valuation and accounting methods and economic approaches to environmental policy instruments in developing countries and in the international context.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I: General Aspects 1. David W. Pearce and R. Kerry Turner (1990), ‘Environment and the Developing Countries’ 2. Mohan Munasinghe (1993), ‘Environmental Issues and Economic Decisions in Developing Countries’ 3. John M. Antle and Gregg Heidebrink (1995), ‘Environment and Development: Theory and International Evidence’ 4. Edward B. Barbier (1990), ‘Alternative Approaches to Economic-Environmental Interactions’ 5. Herman E. Daly (1992), ‘Developing Economies and the Steady State’ 6. Richard B. Norgaard (1984), ‘Coevolutionary Development Potential’ 7. Iwan J. Azis (1997), ‘Linking Pollution and Macroeconomic Variables: An Indonesian Example’ Part II: Resource Utilization and Management 8. David Feeny, Fikret Berkes, Bonnie J. McCay and James M. Acheson (1990), ‘The Tragedy of the Commons: Twenty-Two Years Later’ 9. Sverre Grepperud (1996), ‘Population Pressure and Land Degradation: The Case of Ethiopia’ 10. Kanchan Chopra and S.C. Gulati (1997), ‘Environmental Degradation and Population Movements: The Role of Property Rights’ 11. Mohammad Ferdous Alam, Ishak Haji Omar and Dale Squires (1996), ‘Sustainable Resource Use, Economic Development, and Public Regulation: The Multiproduct Gill Net Fishery of Peninsular Malaysia’ 12. Ernst Lutz and Herman Daly (1991), ‘Incentives, Regulations, and Sustainable Land Use in Costa Rica’ 13. Theodore Panayotou (1994), ‘Conservation of Biodiversity and Economic Development: The Concept of Transferable Development Rights’ Part III: Valuation and Accounting of Environmental Change 14. David W. Pearce and Jeremy J. Warford (1993), ‘Evaluating Environmental Damage and Benefits’ 15. Robert Repetto, William Margrath, Michael Wells, Christine Beer and Fabrizio Rossini (1992), ‘Wasting Assets: Natural Resources in the National Income Accounts’ 16. Salah El Serafy and Ernst Lutz (1989), ‘Environmental and Natural Resource Accounting’ 17. John A. Dixon, David E. James and Paul B. Sherman (1989), ‘Risk and Uncertainty in Dryland Development and Management’ Part IV: Environmental Policy Instruments 18. Gunnar S. Eskeland and Emmanuel Jimenez (1992), ‘Policy Instruments for Pollution Control in Developing Countries’ 19. Sujata Gupta and Stephen G. Hall (1996), ‘Carbon Abatement Costs: An Integrated Approach for India’ 20. Haynes C. Goddard (1997), ‘Using Tradeable Permits to Achieve Sustainability in the World’s Largest Cities: Policy Design Issues and Efficiency Conditions for Controlling Vehicle Emissions, Congestion and Urban Decentralization with an Application to Mexico City’ Part V: Adjustment, Trade and the Environment 21. Ramon Lopez (1992), ‘The Environment as a Factor of Production: The Economic Growth and Trade Policy Linkages’ 22. Karl-Göran Mäler and Mohan Monasinghe (1996), ‘Macroeconomic Policies, Second Best Theory and the Environment’ 23. J.B. Opschoor and S.M. Jongma (1996), ‘Bretton Woods Intervention Programmes and Sustainable Development’ Part VI: Distributional Issues 24. Partha Dasgupta (1992), ‘Population, Resources, and Poverty’ 25. Ernst Mohr (1996), ‘Sustainable Development and International Distribution: Theory and Application to Rainforests’ 26. Amitrajeet A. Batabyal (1994), ‘An Open Economy Model of the Effects of Unilateral Environmental Policy by a Large Developing Country’ 27. Hamish Main and Stephen Wyn Williams (1994), ‘Marginal Urban Environments as Havens for Low-Income Housing: Third World Regional Comparisons’ 28. Peter Nijkamp and Hans Opschoor (1997), ‘Urban Environmental Sustainability: Critical Issues and Policy Measures in a Third World Context’ Name Index

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Book SynopsisThis major four-volume collection brings together the key analytical contributions on the economies of Southeast Asia, countries which together have a population of more than 500 million people.This group of economies is of interest for a number of reasons. Firstly, they feature great diversity - Singapore has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, while several of the mainland Southeast Asian states are among the poorest. Brunei is a tiny oil sultanate, while Indonesia is the world's fourth largest nation. In addition, several of these economies have been consistently among the world's most open, while others are emerging from a long period of international commercial isolation. Thirdly, the group includes one sizeable country, the Philippines, which for reasons still only poorly understood has consistently under-performed compared to its potential. Four of the economies - Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand - grew extremely quickly in the three decades through to the recent Asian economic crisis. Lastly, the Asian economic crisis of 1997-98 particularly affected three of the countries - Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. The factors explaining this sudden, and largely unanticipated, event are still only poorly understood.This comprehensive reference collection is essential reading for all those interested in the economic performance of these economies.Trade Review'Professor Hal Hill has done us all an invaluable service by assembling the best literature on contemporary Southeast Asian economic development. These four volumes provide a comprehensive, detailed description and analysis of essential themes and topics. This is an essential reference source for every library and scholar specializing in Southeast Asia.' -- Hugh T. Patrick, Columbia University, USTable of ContentsContents: Volume I Acknowledgements Introduction Hal Hill PART I INTRODUCTION A Historical Backdrop 1. H. Myint (1967), ‘The Inward and Outward Looking Countries of Southeast Asia’ 2. Anne Booth (1991), ‘The Economic Development of Southeast Asia: 1870–1985’ B Country Overviews 3. Romeo M. Bautista and Mario B. Lamberte (1996), ‘The Philippines: Economic Developments and Prospects’ 4. Hal Hill (1994), ‘The Economy’ 5. W.G. Huff (1999), ‘Singapore’s Economic Development: Four Lessons and Some Doubts’ 6. Robert E.B. Lucas and Donald Verry (1999), ‘National Economic Trends’ 7. James Riedel and Bruce Comer (1997), ‘Transition to a Market Economy in Viet Nam’ 8. Peter G. Warr (1993), ‘The Thai Economy’ PART II MACROECONOMICS AND THE INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY A Outcomes and Policy Instruments 9. W. Max Corden (1996), ‘Pragmatic Orthodoxy: Macroeconomic Policies in Seven East Asian Economies’ 10. Ross H. McLeod (1997), ‘Explaining Chronic Inflation in Indonesia’ B Exchange Rate Policy 11. Ross Garnaut (1999), ‘Exchange Rates in the East Asian Crisis’ 12. Stephen Grenville and David Gruen (1999), ‘Capital Flows and Exchange Rates’ C International Financial Markets 13. Gordon de Brouwer (1999), ‘Capital Flows to East Asia: The Facts’ 14. David C. Cole and Betty F. Slade (1999), ‘The Crisis and Financial Sector Reform’ D Fiscal Policy 15. Mukul G. Asher, Ismail Muhd Salleh and Datuk Kamal Salih (1994), ‘Tax Reform in Malaysia: Trends and Options’ 16. Malcolm Gillis (1994), ‘Indonesian Tax Reform, 1985–1990’ E Domestic Saving and External Debt 17. Eli M. Remolona, Mahar Mangahas and Filologo Pante, Jr. (1986), ‘Foreign Debt, Balance of Payments, and the Economic Crisis of the Philippines in 1983–84’ 18. Steven Radelet (1995) ‘Indonesian Foreign Debt: Headed for a Crisis or Financing Sustainable Growth?’ 19. Ross H. McLeod (1996), ‘Indonesian Foreign Debt: A Comment’ and Steven Radelet (1996), ‘Indonesian Foreign Debt: A Reply’ 20. Frank Harrigan (1998), ‘Asian Saving: Theory, Evidence, and Policy’ F ASEAN Economic Cooperation 21. Chia Siow Yue (1996), ‘The Deepening and Widening of ASEAN’ Name Index Volume II Acknowledgements An Introduction by the editor to all four volumes appears in Volume I PART III EXPLANATIONS A Growth 1. Helen Hughes (1995), ‘Why Have East Asian Countries Led Economic Development?’ 2. Asian Development Bank (1997), excerpt from ‘Economic Growth and Transformation’ B The Crisis 3. Prema-chandra Athukorala (2000), ‘Capital Account Regimes, Crisis, and Adjustment in Malaysia’ 4. Hal Hill (2000), ‘Indonesia: The Strange and Sudden Death of a Tiger Economy’ 5. Joseph Y. Lim (1998), ‘The Philippines and the East Asian Economic Turmoil’ 6. Steven Radelet and Jeffrey D. Sachs (1998), ‘The East Asian Financial Crisis: Diagnosis, Remedies, Prospects’ 7. Peter G. Warr (1999), ‘What Happened to Thailand?’ PART IV SOCIAL AND DISTRIBUTIONAL ISSUES A Poverty and Inequality 8. Arsenio M. Balisacan (1995), ‘Anatomy of Poverty During Adjustment: The Case of the Philippines’ 9. Anne Booth (2000), ‘The Impact of the Indonesian Crisis on Welfare: What Do We Know Two Years On?’ 10. Medhi Krongkaew (1994), ‘Income Distribution in East Asian Developing Countries: An Update’ 11. Martin Ravallion and Monika Huppi (1991), ‘Measuring Changes in Poverty: A Methodological Case Study of Indonesia During an Adjustment Period’ B Labour Markets and Human Resources 12. Prema-chandra Athukorala and Jayant Menon (1999) ‘Outward Orientation and Economic Development in Malaysia’ 13. Anne Booth (1999), ‘Education and Economic Development in Southeast Asia: Myths and Realities’ 14. Sirilaksana Khoman (1995), ‘Thailand’s Industrialization: Implications for Health, Education, and Science and Technology’ 15. Chris Manning (1994), ‘What Has Happened to Wages in the New Order?’ 16. Chris Manning (1999), ‘Labour Markets in the ASEAN-4 and the NIEs’ C Demographics 17. Gavin W. Jones (1999), ‘The Population of South-East Asia’ D Environmental Issues 18. Harold Brookfield (1993), ‘The Dimensions of Environmental Change and Management in the South-East Asian Region’ 19. Ian Coxhead (2000), ‘Consequences of a Food Security Strategy for Economic Welfare, Income Distribution and Land Degradation: The Philippine Case’ 20. Thomas P. Tomich, Meine van Noordwijk, Stephen A. Vosti and Julie Witcover (1998), ‘Agricultural Development with Rainforest Conservation: Methods for Seeking Best Bet Alternatives to Slash-and-burn, with Applications to Brazil and Indonesia’ 21. Jeffrey R. Vincent and Rozali Mohamed Ali with Chang Yii Tan, Jahara Yahaya, Khalid Abdul Rahim, Lim Teck Ghee, Anke Sofia Meyer, Mohd. Shahwahid Haji Othman and G. Sivalingam, (1997), ‘Conclusions’ E Regional Development 22. Hal Hill (1997), ‘Regional Development in Southeast Asia: The Challenges of Subnational Diversity’ 23. M. Govinda Rao (2000), ‘Fiscal Decentralization in Vietnam: Emerging Issues’ Name Index Volume III Acknowledgements An Introduction by the editor to all four volumes appears in Volume I PART V PUBLIC POLICY, INSTITUTIONS AND OWNERSHIP A Overviews 1. Stephan M. Haggard (1998), ‘Business, Politics and Policy in East and Southeast Asia’ 2. J.A.C. Mackie (1988), ‘Economic Growth in the ASEAN Region: The Political Underpinnings’ 3. Andrew MacIntyre (1999), ‘Political Institutions and the Economic Crisis in Thailand and Indonesia’ 4. Jon S.T. Quah (1998), ‘Singapore’s Model of Development: Is It Transferable?’ B Case Studies of Intervention and Reform 5. Ammar Siamwalla (1999), ‘Can A Developing Democracy Manage Its Macroeconomy? The Case of Thailand’ 6. Richard R. Barrichello and Frank R. Flatters (1991), ‘Trade Policy Reform in Indonesia’ 7. David C.E. Chew (1993), ‘Civil Service Pay in the Asian-Pacific Region’ 8. George Fane and Timothy Condon (1996), ‘Trade Reform in Indonesia, 1987–95’ 9. David K. Linnan (1999), ‘Insolvency Reform and the Indonesian Financial Crisis’ 10. Gerardo Sicat (1985), ‘A Historical and Current Perspective of Philippine Economic Problems’ 11. M. Hadi Soesastro (1989), ‘The Political Economy of Deregulation in Indonesia’ C Ownership and Business Structures 12. Kelly Bird (1999), ‘Concentration in Indonesian Manufacturing, 1975–93’ 13. Stijn Claessens, Simeon Djankov and Larry H.P. Lang (2000), ‘The Separation of Ownership and Control in East Asian Corporations’ 14. Edmund Terence Gomez and Jomo K.S. (1999), ‘Privatising State Assets’ 15. Hal Hill and Prema-chandra Athukorala (1998), ‘Foreign Investment in East Asia: A Survey’ 16. Linda Y.C. Lim (1996), ‘The Evolution of Southeast Asian Business Systems’ 17. Jamie Mackie (1992), ‘Changing Patterns of Chinese Big Business in Southeast Asia’ 18. Ng Chee Yuen and Toh Kin Woon (1992), ‘Privatization in the Asian-Pacific Region’ 19. Eric D. Ramstetter (1999), ‘Comparisons of Foreign Multinationals and Local Firms in Asian Manufacturing Over Time’ 20. Yuri Sato (1993), ‘The Salim Group in Indonesia: The Development and Behavior of the Largest Conglomerate in Southeast Asia’ 21. Yoshihara Kunio (1988), ‘Rent-seekers and Speculators’ Name Index Volume IV Acknowledgements An Introduction by the editor to all four volumes appears in Volume I PART VI SECTORS A Agriculture 1. Ponciano Intal, Jr. and John H. Power (1991), ‘The Philippines’ 2. Ammar Siamwalla, Suthad Setboonsarng, and Direk Patamasiriwat (1993), ‘Agriculture’ 3. Steven R. Tabor (1992), ‘Agriculture in Transition’ 4. Colin Barlow (1997), ‘Growth, Structural Change and Plantation Tree Crops: The Case of Rubber’ 5. Romeo M. Bautista (1993), ‘Trade and Agricultural Development in the 1980s and the Challenges for the 1990s: Asia’ 6. Takamasa Akiyama and Akihiko Nishio (1997), ‘Sulawesi’s Cocoa Boom: Lessons of Smallholder Dynamism and a Hands-off Policy’ 7. C. Peter Timmer (1993), ‘Rural Bias in the East and South-east Asian Rice Economy: Indonesia in Comparative Perspective’ B Services: Finance 8. H.W. Arndt (1989), ‘Trade in Services with Special Reference to ASEAN’ 9. Maxwell J. Fry (1995), ‘Financial Development in Asia: Some Analytical Issues’ 10. Ross H. McLeod (1999), ‘Control and Competition: Banking Deregulation and Re-regulation in Indonesia’ 11. Rob Vos and Josef T. Yap (1996), ‘Financial Intermediation and Adjustment of Internal and External Balances’ C Industry 12. Hal Hill (1999), ‘Industrialisation in ASEAN: Some Analytical and Policy Lessons’ 13. Erlinda M. Medalla, Gwendolyn R. Tecson, Romeo M. Bautista and John H. Power (1995), ‘Efficiency, Competitiveness and Structure of the Philippine Manufacturing Industries’ 14. Suphat Suphachalasai (1995), ‘Export-led Industrialization’ 15. Albert Berry and Dipak Mazumdar (1991), ‘Small-scale Industry in the Asian-Pacific Region’ 16. Henry Sandee, Roos Kities Andadari and Sri Sulandjari (2000), ‘Small Firm Development During Good Times and Bad: The Jepara Furniture Industry’ 17. Hal Hill (1996), ‘Indonesia’s Industrial Policy and Performance: "Orthodoxy" Vindicated’ 18. Sanjaya Lall (1995), ‘Malaysia: Industrial Success and the Role of the Government’ 19. Peter G. Warr (1989), ‘Export Processing Zones: The Economics of Enclave Manufacturing’ 20. Edward K.Y. Chen (1997), ‘The Total Factor Productivity Debate: Determinants of Economic Growth in East Asia’ 21. Mike Hobday (1994), ‘Technological Learning in Singapore: A Test Case of Leapfrogging’ Name Index

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Book SynopsisThis book provides new insights into the performance of key economies in the Asia-Pacific region during the last three decades. It critically examines productivity growth, factor accumulation and economic efficiency at both the macro and micro levels.The authors use a variety of empirical techniques to measure the sources of economic growth in Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Malaysia, Thailand and China. The techniques employed range from traditional growth accounting to econometric frontier estimation and data envelopment analysis. As a comparison to the Asia-Pacific region, the growth experiences of G7 and 18 OECD countries are analyzed. The authors consider, among other issues, the influential role of trade in the region, macroeconomic management, income, capital, labor productivity, technology and investment. This innovative new book will be of interest to students and scholars of growth economics, public policy and Asian studies.Trade Review'The book provides considerable insights into the factors of productivity and efficiency change in rapidly growing economies.' -- S. Mohan, Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research'As a compilation of papers emanating from an academic conference, this is a remarkably cohesive volume. . . . the papers in this book remain true to the overall theme of the book. Such is not always the case with edited volumes and the editors should be commended. The papers comprising the chapters in the book are also extremely well written and should be accessible to those not well-versed in measurement of productivity growth and productive efficiency. Perhaps the best way to evaluate this book is in terms of how well it attains its stated objectives. Regarding its primary objective, which is to provide new insights into the performance of various economies of the region, the book is successful. . . . the book provides considerable insight into the potential factors driving economic growth. Most notable are the findings concerning the impact of trade, especially imports, and human capital on economic growth. In terms of the book's secondary objective of providing a variety of analytical techniques, it is also successful. The reader will find a wide range of methodological approaches that are innovative and, more importantly, clearly presented. Many of the papers also contain extensive discussions of data development and variable measurement. Individuals currently conducting research on economic growth in the Asian-Pacific region should find this book a good source of ideas for further research as well as a source of potential methodological approaches for empirical analysis. For those interested in beginning to conduct such research, this book provides an excellent avenue for getting up to speed quickly on the current state of knowledge concerning economic growth, total factor productivity, and productive efficiency, as well as an overview of the type of empirical models being employed.' -- Timothy G. Taylor, Journal of Comparative EconomicsTable of ContentsContents: 1. Editor’s Introduction Part I: International Studies A. The Asia-Pacific Region 2. An Alternative Tale of Two Cities 3. Sources of Growth in East Asian Economies 4. The Relative Efficiency and Rate of Technology Adoption of Asian and North American Airline Firms B. International 5. There is No Silver Bullet: Investment and Growth in the G7 6. Is the Asia-Pacific Region Different? Technical Progress Bias and Price Elasticity Estimates for 18 OECD Countries, 1960-1992 Part II: National Studies A. Macroeconomic Productivity Studies 7. A Tiger in the Land of the Panda: Growth Prospects for Hong Kong under Reversion to China 8. Productivity and Efficiency in China’s Regional Economies 9. Total Factor Productivity and Outward Orientation in Taiwan: What is the Nature of the Relationship? 10. Technology Adoption and Technical Efficiency in Taiwan: Foreign Investment Led versus Export Performance Promoted 11. Measurement of Total Factor Productivity in Japan: How to Evaluate Impacts of New Technologies on TFP Growth 12. Productivity Growth in Taiwan’s Manufacturing Industry, 1961-1993 B. Microeconomic Efficiency Studies 13. The Achilles’ Heel of Thailand’s Financial Market 14. Cost Efficiency of the Farmers’ Credit Unions in Taiwan 15. The Social Productivity of China’s Town and Village Enterprises Index

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Book SynopsisEconomic growth in Northeast Asia during the last 50 years has, by any standards, been remarkable. This major four-volume set draws together some of the most influential papers published on the growth and industrial transformation of the economies of Japan, Korea, Taiwan and Hong Kong.Volume I outlines the factors behind Northeast Asia's development which includes a discussion on the impact of the financial crisis on each of these economies. Volume II discusses the macroeconomic settings and policy regimes under which growth has occurred, with a particular focus on monetary policy, fiscal policy and financial sector development. Volume III examines the external sector and human capital formation as the key catalysts for Northeast Asia's growth, and includes discussions of labour markets and income distribution. Volume IV outlines industrial structures and the debate over the role of public policy.This important collection will be welcomed by all those with an interest in Asian studies - scholars, students and policymakers alike.Trade Review'This is a real doorstep of a collection. The four volumes contain over 70 reprinted articles and chapters of books, many of them individually of the first importance. . . new libraries lacking good runs of journals may well find the collection attractive.' -- Eric Jones, Business HistoryTable of ContentsContents: Volume I Acknowledgements Introduction Heather Smith PART I INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW 1. Paul W. Kuznets (1988), ‘An East Asian Model of Economic Development: Japan, Taiwan and South Korea’ 2. Gustav Ranis (1995), ‘Another Look at the East Asian Miracle’ 3. Sanjaya Lall (1996), ‘Paradigms of Development: The East Asian Debate’ 4. Kazushi Ohkawa and Henry Rosovsky (1973), ‘The Contours of Modern Growth’ 5. Edward J. Lincoln (1988), ‘The Slowdown in Growth’ 6. Rudiger Dornbusch and Yung Chul Park (1987), ‘Korean Growth Policy’ and ‘Comments and Discussion’ 7. Shirley W.Y. Kuo (1999), ‘Government Policy in the Taiwanese Development Process: The Past 50 Years’ 8. Tzong Biau Lin and Yin Ping Ho (1981), ‘Export-oriented Growth and Industrial Diversification in Hong Kong’ PART II ECONOMIC GROWTH AND CRISIS A The Growth Debate 9. Anne O. Krueger (1995), ‘East Asian Experience and Endogenous Growth Theory’ 10. Alwyn Young (1995), ‘The Tyranny of Numbers: Confronting the Statistical Realities of the East Asian Growth Experience’ 11. Peter Drysdale and Yiping Huang (1997), ‘Technological Catch-up and Economic Growth in East Asia and the Pacific’ 12. Stephan Haggard (1999), ‘Governance and Growth: Lessons from the Asian Economic Crisis’ B Crisis and Response 13. Jenny Corbett and David Vines (1999), ‘Asian Currency and Financial Crises: Lessons from Vulnerability, Crisis, and Collapse’ 14. Ross Garnaut (2000), ‘East Asia After the Financial Crisis’ 15. Yung Chul Park (1998), ‘The Financial Crisis in Korea and Its Lessons for Reform of the International Financial System’ 16. Shirley W.Y. Kuo and Christina Y. Liu (1998), ‘Taiwan’ 17. Tsang Shu-Ki (1999), ‘The Hong Kong Economy: Opportunities Out of the Crisis?’ Name Index Volume II Acknowledgements An Introduction by the editor to all four volumes appears in Volume I PART I MACROECONOMIC POLICY A Monetary and Fiscal Policy 1. Koichi Hamada and Fumio Hayashi (1985), ‘Monetary Policy in Postwar Japan’ 2. Paul R. Krugman (1998), ‘It’s Baaack: Japan’s Slump and the Return of the Liquidity Trap’ 3. Ya-Hwei Yang (1998), ‘Monetary Policy and Capital Flows in Taiwan During the 1980s and 1990s’ 4. Stephan Haggard and Susan Collins (1994), ‘The Political Economy of Adjustment in the 1980s’ 5. Raymond Ng and Edward Chen (1998), ‘The Role of Monetary Policy Under a Linked Exchange Rate Regime: The Case of Hong Kong’ 6. Kazumi Asako, Takatoshi Ito and Kazunori Sakamoto (1991), ‘The Rise and Fall of Deficit in Japan, 1965–1990’ 7. Chao-Hsi Huang and Kenneth S. Lin (1991), ‘An Empirical Study on Taiwan’s Tax Policy: 1966–1988’ 8. Wan-Soon Kim and K.Y. Yun (1988), ‘Fiscal Policy and Development in Korea’ 9. Peter S. Heller (1999), ‘Aging in Asia: Challenges for Fiscal Policy’ B Savings and Investment 10. Charles Yuji Horioka (1990), ‘Why Is Japan’s Household Saving Rate So High?: A Literature Survey’ 11. Susan M. Collins (1994), ‘Saving, Investment, and External Balance in South Korea’ C Financial Sector Development 12. Hugh T. Patrick (1994), ‘Comparisons, Contrasts, and Implications’ 13. Akiyoshi Horiuchi (2000), ‘Japan’s Bank Crisis and the Issue of Governance’ 14. Yung Chul Park (1994), ‘Korea: Development and Structural Change of the Financial System’ 15. Jia-Dong Shea (1994), ‘Taiwan: Development and Structural Change of the Financial System’ Name Index Volume III Acknowledgements An Introduction by the editor to all four volumes appears in Volume I PART I EXTERNAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS 1. Anne O. Krueger (1995), ‘The Role of Trade in Growth and Development: Theory and Lessons from Experience’ A Economic Integration 2. Yun-Wing Sung (1995), ‘Subregional Economic Integration: Hong Kong, Taiwan, South China and Beyond’ 3. Lee-in Chen Chiu and Chin Chung (1993), ‘An Assessment of Taiwan’s Indirect Investment Toward Mainland China’ B Trade and Investment 4. Bela Balassa (1986), ‘Japan’s Trade Policies’ 5. Gary R. Saxonhouse (1993), ‘What Does Japanese Trade Structure Tell Us About Japanese Trade Policy?’ 6. Kiyoshi Kojima (1995), ‘Dynamics of Japanese Direct Investment in East Asia’ 7. Mark Mason (1995), ‘Japan’s Low Levels of Inward Direct Investment: Causes, Consequences and Remedies’ 8. Il Sakong (1993), ‘International Factors in Recent Korean Development’ 9. Hyuntai Kwak (1994), ‘Changing Trade Policy and Its Impact on TFP in the Republic of Korea’ 10. Chi Schive and Badiul A. Majumdar (1990), ‘Direct Foreign Investment and Linkage Effects: The Experience of Taiwan’ 11. James Riedel (1992), ‘International Trade in Taiwan’s Transition from Developing to Mature Economy’ 12. Tzong-biau Lin and Victor Mok (1985), ‘Trade, Foreign Investment, and Development in Hong Kong’ PART II FACTOR MARKETS AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION A Labour Markets 13. Gary S. Fields (1994), ‘Changing Labor Market Conditions and Economic Development in Hong Kong, the Republic of Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan, China’ 14. Michel Fouquin (1991), ‘Export-oriented Industrialization, Female Employment and Demographic Trends: A Long-term Comparative Perspective of Japan and the Four NIEs – 1950 to 1988’ 15. Toshiaki Tachibanaki (1987), ‘Labour Market Flexibility in Japan in Comparison with Europe and the U.S.’ 16. Yin-Ping Ho (1992), ‘Labour and Labour Market Adjustment’ 17. Sookon Kim and Ju-Ho Lee (1997), ‘Industrial Relations and Human Resource Development’ B Human Capital Formation 18. Hong W. Tan (1990), ‘Technical Change and Human Capital Acquisition in the U.S. and Japanese Labor Markets’ and ‘Comment’ 19. Jennie Hay Woo (1991), ‘Education and Economic Growth in Taiwan: A Case of Successful Planning’ C Income Distribution 20. Wontack Hong (1981), ‘Trade, Growth and Income Distribution: The Korean Experience’ Name Index Volume IV Acknowledgements An Introduction by the editor to all four volumes appears in Volume I PART I STRUCTURAL CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT 1. John C.H. Fei and Gustav Ranis (1974), ‘A Model of Growth and Employment in the Open Dualistic Economy: The Cases of Korea and Taiwan’ 2. Howard Pack (1992), ‘New Perspectives on Industrial Growth in Taiwan’ A Agricultural Policy 3. Sophia Wu Huang (1993), ‘Structural Change in Taiwan’s Agricultural Economy’ 4. Keijiro Otsuka and Yujiro Hayami (1985), ‘Goals and Consequences of Rice Policy in Japan, 1965–80’ 5. Yoong-Deok Jeon and Young-Yong Kim (2000), ‘Land Reform, Income Redistribution, and Agricultural Production in Korea’ B Industry Policy 6. Heather Smith (1995), ‘Industry Policy in East Asia’ 7. Peter Drysdale (1995), ‘The Question of Access to the Japanese Market?’ 8. Ha-Joon Chang (1993), ‘The Political Economy of Industrial Policy in Korea’ 9. Joseph J. Stern, Ji-hong Kim, Dwight H. Perkins and Jung-ho Yoo (1995), ‘Overview of Results’ 10. Yoon Je Cho (1996), ‘Government Intervention, Rent Distribution, and Economic Development in Korea’ 11. Heather Smith (1997), ‘Taiwan’s Industrial Policy in the 1980s: An Appraisal’ 12. Edward K.Y. Chen and Kui-wai Li (1997), ‘Industrial Policy in a Laissez-Faire Economy: The Case of Hong Kong’ C Technology Policy 13. Daniel I. Okimoto (1989), ‘Industrial Policy Instruments for High Technology’ 14. Otto C.C. Lin (1998), ‘Science and Technology Policy and Its Influence on Economic Development in Taiwan’ 15. Denis Fred Simon (1996), ‘Charting Taiwan’s Technological Future: The Impact of Globalization and Regionalization’ 16. Linsu Kim (1997), ‘Government as a Learning Facilitator’ D Corporate Organisation 17. Stephen D. Prowse (1992), ‘The Structure of Corporate Ownership in Japan’ 18. Paul Sheard (1991), ‘The Economics of Japanese Corporate Organization and the "Structural Impediments" Debate: A Critical Review’ 19. Makoto Abe and Momoko Kawakami (1997), ‘A Distributive Comparison of Enterprise Size in Korea and Taiwan’ 20. Seong Min Yoo and Sung Soon Lee (1997), ‘Evolution of Industrial Organization and Policy Response in Korea: 1945–1995’ Name Index

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Book SynopsisEvolutionary economics gained acceptance for the study of industrialized countries during the 1990s but has, as yet, contributed little to the study of world income inequality. The expert contributors gathered here approach underdevelopment and inequality from different evolutionary perspectives. It is argued that the Schumpeterian processes of 'creative destruction' may take the form of wealth creation in one part of the globe and wealth destruction in another. Case studies explore and analyse the successful 19th century policies that allowed Germany and the United States to catch up with the UK and these are contrasted with two other case studies exploring the deindustrialization and falling real wages in Peru and Mongolia during the 1990s. The case studies and thematic papers together explore, identify and explain the mechanisms which cause economic inequality. Some papers point to why the present form of globalization increases poverty in many Third World nations. Members of the anti-globalization movement will find the explanations given in this book insightful, as will employees of international organizations due to the important policy messages. The theoretical interest within the book will appeal to development economists and evolutionary economists, and policymakers and politicians will find the explanations of the present failure of many small nations in the periphery invaluable.Trade Review'This book offers a very interesting alternative approach to studying the impacts of globalization and would be a useful resource for researchers as well as postgraduate students (and perhaps advanced undergraduate students) of evolutionary economics, economic geography and international trade . It will also be of interest to policy makers and members of international organizations (including the so-called Washington Institutions!).' -- Dimitris Ballas, Economic IssuesTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Erik S. Reinert PART I: FOUNDATIONS OF AN ALTERNATIVE THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE 1. The Other Canon: The History of Renaissance Economics Erik S. Reinert and Arno M. Daastøl 2. Natural versus Social Sciences: On Understanding in Economics Wolfgang Drechsler PART II: THE STRATEGY OF SUCCESS: NINETEENTH-CENTURY UNITED STATES AND GERMANY 3. The Views of the German Historical School on the Issue of International Income Distribution Jürgen G. Backhaus 4. Technical Progress and Obsolescence of Capital and Skills: Theoretical Foundations of Nineteenth-Century US Industrial and Trade Policy Michael Hudson PART III: THE STRATEGY OF FAILURE: LATE TWENTIETH-CENTURY DEINDUSTRIALIZATION AND THE ECONOMICS OF RETROGRESSION 5. Natural Resources, Industrialization and Fluctuating Standards of Living in Peru, 1950–1997: A Case Study of Activity-Specific Economic Growth Santiago Roca and Luis Simabuko 6. Globalization in the Periphery as a Morganthau Plan: The Underdevelopment of Mongolia in the 1990s Erik S. Reinert PART V: TECHNICAL CHANGE AND THE DYNAMICS OF INCOME INEQUALITY 7. Technological Revolutions, Paradigm Shifts and Socio-institutional Change Carlota Perez 8. Income Inequality in Changing Techno-economic Paradigms Chris Freeman 9. Information Technology in the Learning Economy: Challenges for Developing Countries Dieter Ernst and Bengt-Åke Lundvall 10. Diversity: Implications for Income Distribution David B. Audretsch 11. Convergence, Divergence and the Kuznets Curve Ådne Cappelen Index

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the economy as an evolving entity and develops a new and coherent approach to the classification of economic systems. It demonstrates how the components of a decision-making system and the properties of a functioning economy are intrinsically linked. A well-functioning economy is shown to depend chiefly on 'correct' decisions. These in turn depend on an efficient decision-making system, an appropriate mix of markets, organizations and governments, and an optimal combination of the four enforcing mechanisms of a modern economic system: custom, command, competition and cooperation.Although this book is primarily about economics, non-economic considerations, including politics and ethics, are brought into the analysis. The most important decisions in life include choices between economic and non-economic issues. Hence, one of the aims of this book is to provide a conceptual framework to cope with these choices. The book also attempts to establish some plausible conditions for well-functioning economy and a 'just society'.This thoughtful book will be of interest to economists of economic theory and economic systems as well as policymakers in both the private and public sectors.Trade Review'It is an ambitious attempt to define different sorts of societies from the point of view of the roles of their principal decision-makers, to design an optimal society coming from the same point of view and to point out the pitfalls on the way to establishing such a society. Haddad is a humane and democratic person and his ideal society is an admirable one. He has thought long and hard about both the pitfalls and the advantages of what he proposes. He provides a novel framework within which to attempt both the actual and potential. Haddad is aware that hard-nosed cynics will sneer at him and his ideas but he is also an optimist who believes that good sense and good will may flourish in an appropriate environment. Certainly his book should be in the public domain in a democratic society for it provides the basis for serious and fundamental discussion of ethics, economics and politics.' -- G.C. Harcourt, University of New South Wales, AustraliaTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction Part I: Economic Systems and Decision-making 2. Structures of Decision-making 3. Decision-making Procedures 4. Structures of Information Flows 5. Decision-making Criteria 6. Types and Structures of Incentive Part II: The Evolution of Economic Systems 7. The Customary Economy 8. The Command Economy 9. The Competition Economy 10. The Composite Economy Part III: Towards a Well-functioning Economic System 11. The Principles of a Well-designed Decision-making System 12. The Properties of a Well-functioning Economy 13. The Decision-making Process of a Well-functioning Economy 14. Concluding Notes on the Problems of Transition to a Well-functioning Economy References Index

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Book SynopsisThis important and timely book is at the forefront of the increasing interest in regional competitiveness in the face of ever stronger global forces. Distinguished contributors discuss issues including the impact and implications of European expansion as well as developments in the Asia-Pacific region. They also examine the driving forces, backgrounds, obstacles and opportunities for regions to become powerful global players. This highly topical book contains a wealth of empirical material and is underpinned by a thorough investigation of the theory and methodology of policy strategies for the positioning of regions in the new global economy. It will be a major source of reference for scholars, policymakers, economic planners and institutions alike in the field of regional science.Trade Review'. . . wide-ranging in scope, both territorially . . . and in terms of topics covered . . . contributes significantly to our understanding of the ways and means by which regional economic development efforts are started and sustained.' -- Jorg Mathias, Regional and Federal Studies'. . . a well-conceived and structured book. . . . Regional Cohesion and Competition in the Age of Globalization is an interesting and well-designed book that would not disappoint readers who are interested in the reshaping of the world economy in recent years.' -- Andres RodrIguez-Pose, Growth and ChangeTable of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: Introduction 1. Globalization and Spatial Diversity 2. Globalization and the Borderless Economy Part II: Trade, Welfare and Growth 3. A Welfare Analysis of Regional Economic Integration 4. A General Equilibrium Analysis of International Trade with the Stackelberg Duopoly 5. The Pattern of Industrialization of the South 6. International Transaction Costs, Trade in Producer Services and FDI Agglomeration 7. An Empirical Analysis of Agglomeration Effects and Locational Choice of Japanese Electronics Firms in East Asia Part III: Spatial Interaction and Competition 8. Regional Cosmopolitanization and the Rise of World Trade Regions 9. Estimates of the Trade Flows between the EU and the East Asian Countries – A Panel Data Analysis on a Gravity-Type Model 10. Links between Emigrants and the Home Country 11. Monopolistic Competition Estimates of Interregional Trade Flows in Services 12. The Region Versus the Rest of the Economy 13. Regional Industrial Specialization and Patterns of Structural Unemployment in the European Union Part IV: Globalization and Regional Policy 14. Regional Development and Interorganizational Policy Making in a Pan-European Context 15. Implications of European Union Expansion for Peripheral Regions 16. A Meta Analysis of the Impact of Infrastructure Policy on Regional Development 17. On the Relation between Information Development and Economic Development 18. Global Opportunities and Regional Strategies 19. An Empirical Study of a Planning Process to Form an Effective Vision for a Region Index

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Book SynopsisChallenging Nobel economics laureate Theodore W. Schultz, Dr Zhou, in this comparative and path-breaking work, presents a new model for private land ownership or possession to overcome inefficient land-holding, increase farm competitiveness, realize food self-sufficiency and eliminate poverty. He aims to consolidate and enlarge fragmented small farms persisting in Asia, the Pacific, Africa, Latin America, and Central, Eastern and Southern Europe; and to help preserve small farmers, while strengthening large farmers, in the USA, OECD and EU. He introduces the means to facilitate the transition of collectively operated large farms in Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia; promote EU enlargement; to prevent food overproduction; and to improve the environment. He also analyzes China's experience with public land ownership and makes important contributions to both new institutional economics and evolutionary political economy.Trade Review'The author of this path-breaking book presents an analysis of models of rural development that have proven to be more or less successful. Furthermore, he also elaborates a new model which he believes will be able to overcome the final remaining obstacle preventing sustainable agriculture and rural development in monsoon Asia and other countries. . . The book is full of in-depth observations and analyses. . . It is one of the most important contributions in our time to land-tenure literature and a must for all those working in the field.' -- Frithjof Kuhnen, Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture'This book consists of outstanding analyses and a series of original and ingenious policy proposals of general interests. By integrating land ownership into sustainable rural development, Dr Zhou brought a refreshing new perspective to the topic. Some of the discussions have already been published, but this book gives an overall and complete picture of the author's work.' -- Andrea Elekes, Acta Oeconomica'The accumulation of processes associated with the sudden collapse of the command economies, the restitution of former property rights, the Uruguay Round agreements on elimination of direct subsidies to agriculture, coupled with the demands of a yet to be defined "globalizing economy" have made it necessary for us to rethink the very foundations of agrarian society. The very concepts of rural space are becoming more difficult to define as the world now becomes increasingly urbanized and urban values oriented. Our current estimate of a world population of 8.9 billion in 2050 will place incredible demands on agricultural development in a world where there are no new frontiers of untapped good soils and water. Yet, in spite of our awareness of the synergistic relationship between these trends, there has been surprisingly little thought given to how rural space is to be used. Fortunately, Dr Zhou has not only made an important contribution to filling this gap, but has brought a refreshing new perspective to the topic. In this, his work is most timely and will undoubtedly find its way to the desktop of all development planners and concerned public.' -- James C. Riddell, The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations'Dr Zhou develops a theoretical analysis and a series of original and ingenious policy proposals of general interest. His book, relevant to a variety of countries including many transition economies, should be of great interest to development specialists and government advisors.' -- Domenico Mario Nuti, University of Rome 'La Sapienza', Italy and London Business School, UK'This is the best book on a third way between the command economy and free market system.' -- Stuart Holland, Advisor to the (Portugese) Presidency of the European CouncilTable of ContentsContents: Part I: Theories 1. Introduction 2. Theories of Monsoon Asia Rice Economy and Variable Mixed Economies 3. Theory of Property Rights Part II: The Japanese Model and a New Model 4. The Japanese Model versus the Last Obstacle 5. A New Model for Sustainable Rural Development Part III: The Chinese Model 6. The Chinese Model and the Emergence of the Last Obstacle 7. Overcoming the Last Obstacle in the Chinese Model 8. Other Rice-Based Economies under Public Land Ownership in Monsson Asia Part IV: Applications of the New Model Beyond Monsoon Asia 9. The American Model and the Crowding out of Small Farmers 10. Application of the New Model in the USA 11. Implementations of the New Model in the OECD, EU, CEECs, CIS, and Rest of the World Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisDuring the growth process inequality may rise or decline, and the change in the level of inequality may, in turn, affect growth. An increase in inequality in one place and better prospects of growth and earnings elsewhere can trigger migration. As a result of these close affecting links between factors, each of the eighteen studies - a mix of both theoretical and empirical - is concerned with at least two of these issues, and is classified into one of three general parts in accordance with the theme that is mostly emphasised. The main focus of the papers appearing in the first part of the book is on inequality and its effects on growth, labour market integration and government policies. The book continues by dealing with migration, its determinants and its possible effect on the host country's output, employment and standard of living. Finally, the authors discuss economic growth and its relationship with trade, capital accumulation and internal and external debts.Economists and researchers studying development economics and migration studies will find this original book, with its innovative state-of-the-art studies, of great interest.Trade Review'The studies in this volume are state-of-the-art, uniformly well written, and address important themes. . . This volume deserves to be in every research holding dealing seriously with issues of migration, economic growth, and inequality.' -- Derek Hum, Journal of International Migration and Integration'This book is certainly a great reference for anyone interested in development economics not only because of the specific issues that it covers, but also in terms of the general approaches that it presents. Economists and researchers studying development economics and migration studies will find this collection of works of great usefulness and interest.' -- Christopher Bajada, Economic RecordTable of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: Inequality: Implications for Growth, Labour Market Integration and Policy 1. Inequality and Economic Growth: A Review of the Literature 2. Growth and Income Inequality in Advanced, Capitalist, Stable Economies: Evidence from Australia 3. Median Income: Modelling and Implications for Assessing Growth and Convergence 4. Income Inequality among Different Regions in China’s Post-Reform Era 5. Income Inequality and Redistributive Government Spending: Theory and Panel Data Evidence 6. Employment Inequality, Employment Regulation and Social Welfare 7. Oligarchy Power and Inflation in Brazil Part II: Migration: Unemployment, Assimilation, Expected Returns and Risk 8. Migration, Unemployment and the Optimal Tax: Implications for Growth and Income Distribution 9. Supply, Demand and Disequilibrium in the Market of Immigrants 10. Migration Timing: Expected Returns, Risk Aversion and Assimilation Costs 11. The Effects of Income Disparities on Inter-Regional Migration in a Technologically Developed Country: Evidence from Australia 12. Populate or Perish: Scale, Growth and Australia’s Post-War Immigration 13. Demographic Change, Foreign Borrowing and Intergenerational Equity Part III: Growth: Trade, Capital Accumulation and Debts 14. Trade Liberalisation and Labour Markets in Developing Countries: Theory and Evidence 15. Relative Wages and Trade in a Growing Small Open Economy: Mexico, 1987–95 16. R&D Spillovers and Export Performance: Evidence from the OECD Countries 17. Finite Lifetimes, Economic Policies and Capital Accumulation 18. Optimal Capital Accumulation with Trade, Sovereign Debt and Trustworthy Reputation Index

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Book SynopsisOffers an insight into the circumstances under which the policies were developed, implemented and reviewed, as well as a study of the outcomes. This book addresses questions such as: How could an organisation with no previous experience of governing accomplish a peaceful transition to democracy? How did they do it and where are they going?

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Book SynopsisWill China come to dominate global high-tech innovation?In the future, perhaps. Today, however, Greater China—Mainland China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong—is focused on the quest for innovation. The dominant paradigm on the Mainland is one of execution, not innovation. Beijing now aims to turn China—historically an adopter of technologies from elsewhere—into a major technology creator. Self-reliance has become the government’s watchword and its ultimate goal.The talents and resources available are impressive. More Chinese young people are well-educated, international patents and research and development (R&D) spending are on the rise, and China boasts a growing presence in world scientific literature.Still, negatives remain. China must overcome the legacies of a top-down, state-run research system that is largely disconnected from commerce, and an academic system not always supportive of independent scholarly inquiry. The government is working to change these outdated institutions, but such shifts do not occur overnight.Taiwan and Hong Kong have followed different paths to high-tech innovation. Taiwan’s route has been dominated by government but implemented by mostly small- and medium-sized firms, with help from its Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), a model for moving concepts to commerce. Significantly, Taiwan’s companies maintain strong links to multinational firms both in the United States and in Mainland China. Taiwan’s Hsinchu Science-based Park is seen as a model high-tech cluster throughout Asia and beyond.Hong Kong has taken another road. While its formal R&D activity is small, it innovates in business models, particularly in logistics chains that reach into the Mainland and globally. It is a (largely unheralded) story of great success.The big question is: When will Greater China’s high-tech innovation have a major impact on the world economy?

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Book SynopsisThroughout the 1990's, privatization of inefficient state-owned enterprises was strongly embraced in developing and transitional economies. Little attention has gone to the distributional implications of the privatization movement, a particularly surprising oversight given the current backlash in many settings against further privatization. This book offers a comprehensive set of country-specific studies on the effects of privatization on people —winners and losers in different income, employment, and education groups. The studies analyze the changes in public tax revenue from privatized enterprises, shifts in pension and other liabilities, and changes in income of different groups. Contributors include David McKenzie (Stanford University), Dilip Mookherjee (Boston University), Gover Barja (Universidad Católica Boliviana, La Paz), Miguel Urquiola (Columbia University), Samuel Freije (Universidad de Las Américas in Puebla, Mexico), Luis A. Rivas (Ministry of Finance and Central Bank of Nicaragua), Máximo Torero, Enrique Schroth, and Alberto Pasco Font (Group of Analysis for Development [GRADE], Lima), Roberto Macedo (University of São Paulo, Presbyterian Mackenzie University, and Foundation Institute of Economic Research, São Paolo), Antonio Estache (World Bank), Michael Bleyzer and Edi Segura (SigmaBleyzer Corporation), Gary H. Jefferson, (Brandeis University), Su Jian (Brandeis and Peking Universities), Jiang Yuan and Yu Xinhua (National Bureau of Statistics, Beijing), and Malathy Knight-John and P.P.A. Wasantha (Institute of Policy Studies, Sri Lanka).Trade Review"Privatization was one of the key elements that helped to jump-start economic revival in Latin America in the 1990s. But politically, it has always been a difficult sell: Critics claim it rewards the wealthy and the foreign at the expense of the poor and the local. The studies in this book show that this is not the case; privatization's bad reputation is largely undeserved." —Pedro-Pablo Kuczynski, Minister of Economy and Finance of Peru|"This book fills an important gap in the privatization literature by documenting its distributional consequences in developing and emerging-market nations. It provides an answer to a key question that has long haunted policymakers and privatization researchers: Why has privatization become so unpopular in developing and emerging economies, when the research clearly shows that privatization 'works' economically?" —Bill Megginson, Professor and Rainbolt Chair in Finance, University of Oklahoma|"Privatization continues to be a contentious issue throughout Latin America, and indeed, the world. This volume of careful studies moves the debate from polemic to analysis. It shows that in Latin America at least, privatization has not been a major contributor to the increased inequality seen in the last decade." —Nora Lustig, President, Universidad de las Américas|"Most studies of privatization look at what happens to companies; this volume looks at what happens to people--workers, consumers, and the disadvantaged--and measures whether they were better or worse off after the transaction. This is progress." —Joseph Stiglitz, Professor, Columbia University

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Book SynopsisThe World Bank is assailed by critics on the left, right and center on the grounds it is not effective, not accountable, not democratic or legitimate, and most threatening of all, not relevant in a global economy where private capital, production, and ideas dominate. Yet the world needs a strong World Bank working with other international institutions to manage development and the related global challenges of the 21st century. Are the Bank's shortcomings exaggerated or potentially fatal? If potentially fatal, can this critical institution be rescued? Rescuing the World Bank explores the answers to these questions. The first part of the book, The Hardest Job in the World: Five Crucial Tasks for the New President of the World Bank, is a report by a Center for Global Development (CGD) Working Group delivered to Paul Wolfowitz on his first day in the office in June 2005. The second part comprises selected essays, many first presented at a CGD Symposium in the fall of 2005. The Working Group members and essay authors represent a rich array of experience and views. CGD president Nancy Birdsall was co-chair of the Working Group and selected and edited the essays. Her view that the Bank is a crucial global institution but potentially at risk is widely —but not universally —shared by the Working Group members and the essay authors. The provocative volume will be widely read and discussed by those who are actively grappling with how to strengthen the World Bank, by its many stakeholders, and by readers with a broad interest in development seeking a better understanding of this vital and complex institution as it struggles to adapt to the demands of the 21st century.

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Book SynopsisEmerging Africa> describes the too-often-overlooked positive changes that have taken place in much of Africa since the mid-1990s. In 17 countries, five fundamental and sustained breakthroughs are making old assumptions increasingly untenable: The rise of democracy brought on by the end of the Cold War and apartheid Stronger economic management The end of the debt crisis and a more constructive relationship with the international community The introduction of new technologies, especially mobile phones and the Internet The emergence of a new generation of leaders. With these significant changes, the countries of emerging Africa seem poised to lead the continent out of the conflict, stagnation, and dictatorships of the past. The countries discussed in the book are Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Ghana, Lesotho, Mali Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, São Tomé and Principe, Seychelles, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia.

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Book SynopsisWhat should a country do if it suddenly discovers oil and gas? How should it spend the subsequent cash windfall? How can it protect against corruption? How can citizens truly benefit from national wealth? With many of the world's poorest and most fragile states suddenly joining the ranks of oil and gas producers, these are pressing policy questions.Oil to Cash explores one option that may help avoid the so-called resource curse: just give the money directly to citizens. A universal, transparent, and regular cash transfer would not only provide a concrete benefit to regular people, but would also create powerful incentives for citizens to hold their government accountable. Oil to Cash details how and where this idea could work and how policymakers can learn from the experiences with cash transfers in places like Mexico, Mongolia, and Alaska.

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Book SynopsisReliance on natural resource revenues, particularly oil, is often associated with bad governance, corruption, and poverty. Worried about the effect of oil on Alaska, Governor Jay Hammond had a simple yet revolutionary idea: let citizens have a direct stake. The Governor's Solution features his first-hand account that describes, with brutal honesty and piercing humour, the birth of the Alaska Permanent Fund dividend, which has been paid to each resident every year since 1982. Thirty years later, Hammond's vision is still influencing oil policies throughout the world.This reader, part of the Center for Global Development's Oil-to-Cash initiative, includes recent scholarly work examining Alaska's experience and how other oil-rich societies, particularly Iraq, might apply some of the lessons. It is as a powerful reminder that the combination of new ideas and determined individuals can make a tremendous difference —even in issues as seemingly complex and intractable as fighting the oil curse.

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Book SynopsisSome 600 million children worldwide do not legally exist. Without verifiable identification, they—and unregistered adults—could face serious difficulties in proving their identity, whether to open a bank account, purchase a SIM card, or cast a vote. Lack of identification is a barrier to full economic and social inclusion.Recent advances in the reach and technological sophistication of identification systems have been nothing less than revolutionary. Since 2000, over 60 developing countries have established national ID programs. Digital technology, particularly biometrics such as fingerprints and iris scans, has dramatically expanded the capabilities of these programs. Individuals can now be uniquely identified and reliably authenticated against their claimed identities. By enabling governments to work more effectively and transparently, identification is becoming a tool for accelerating development progress. Not only is provision of legal identity for all a target under the Sustainable Development Goals, but this book shows how it is also central to achieving numerous other SDG targets.Yet, challenges remain. Identification systems can fail to include the poor, leaving them still unable to exercise their rights, access essential services, or fully participate in political and economic life. The possible erosion of privacy and the misuse of personal data, especially in countries that lack data privacy laws or the capacity to enforce them, is another challenge. Yet another is ensuring that investments in identification systems deliver a development payoff. There are all too many examples where large expenditures—sometimes supported by donor governments or agencies—appear to have had little impact.Identification Revolution: Achieving Sustainable Development in the Digital Age offers a balanced perspective on this new area, covering both the benefits and the risks of the identification revolution, as well as pinpointing opportunities to mitigate those risks.Trade ReviewDigital ID is fast becoming an essential tool for twenty-first century development. This book spells out in fascinating detail the opportunities and challenges, the perils and pitfalls of this digital ID revolution."- Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, Board Chair, GAVI; former Finance Minister, Nigeria; former Managing Director, World Bank; "Anyone interested in the current transformation of identification and registration systems underway internationally—students, researchers, policymakers or implementers—should begin with this book."- Keith Breckenridge, Professor and Deputy Director, Wits Institute for Social and Economic Research; "This excellent book affords invaluable practical guidance for states and governements hoping to reap development gains while avoiding the serious pitfalls in engaging with this most important governance revolution of the third millennium CE."- Simon Szreter, Professor of History and Public Policy, University of Cambridge; "It is no exaggeration that there is an Identification Revolution and it is important and moving rapidly. [This book's] masterful presentation brings the reader up to date, analyzing the potential benefits and pitfalls of biometric ID. This is a must read for all those interested in economic development and the potential that the ID Revolution offers."- Anne O. Krueger, Senior Research Professor, Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies; Senior Fellow, Stanford Center for International Development; "This is a must-have manual for anyone interested in the important topic of identification systems as drivers of social and economic develoment. . . . I expect it will remain a top reference in this field for many years to come."- Joseph Atick, Executive Chairman, ID4Africa,; Executive Chairman, Identity Counsel International; "Alan Gelb and Anna Diofasi Metz have done a remarkable job of studying recent advances in the sophistication of ID systems across the globe. They offer a unique lens on what is possible, what has been done, and more importantly, why it was done. This kind of critical look at the design choices of an ID system is illuminating specially since they capture the context in which those decisions were taken."- Nandan Nilekani, Cofounder and Non-Executive Chairman, Infosys; Founding Chairman, Unique Identification Authority of India; Cofounder and Chairman, EkStep FoundationTable of Contents Preface Acknowledgments 1. Introduction 2. How Big Is the Global Identification Gap? Can We Measure It? 3. Identification as an Enabler of Sustainable Development 4. Identification Systems: Innovations in Technology and ID Provision 5. Confronting the Risks 6. Five Frontier Cases in Digital Identification 7. Toward the Future References Index About the Authors

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Book SynopsisThe 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted at the United Nations Sustainable Development Summit on September 25, 2015 contains holistic, far reaching, and people-centered set of universal and transformative goals and targets. These call for strengthening capacities and providing an enabling environment for access to opportunities that are sustainable from economic, social, and environmental standpoints. Sustainability focus of the organization needs to go hand in hand with sustainable HRM systems, processes, and practices. But the reality is that sustainability is seldom a part of HR plans or strategic HR practices of most of the organizations.Hence, this book, Human Resource Management for Organizational Sustainability offers a new paradigm by focusing on human resource systems and processes from the lens of sustainability. The book puts together the concepts, researches, and practices that advance the understanding of organizational sustainability through human resource management contributed by specialists from Austria, Germany, India, Netherlands, Spain, United Kingdom, and United States, with examples, cases, and review questions. Whereas environment-related aspects have been receiving increasing attention over the years, the “people” element of social responsibility has received limited attention in management education and also in the business world. This book will bridge the knowledge gap and will provide valuable insights into how sustainable HRM practices can contribute not only to organizational sustainability but also to sustainability at large.

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Book SynopsisThe year 2120 may appear a long way into the future but will come quickly. The global population reached one billion in 1804, four billion in 1974, six billion in 1999, seven billion in 2012, and nine billion predicted for 2020. Given the speed of current development under the threat of changing climate, this book attempts to project ahead but with a particular focus. Housing and feeding so many people is about saving the planet while laying the foundations for a quality of life that is within what people in 2120 will want in their living conditions.One factor has not been considered, namely, how each new generation comes in at a different reference point. Previously, the ideal home might have had a house, a garden, perhaps a swimming pool or tennis court. Teenagers today don’t care about these amenities as long as they have access to their electronic devices. Grandparents might resent living in one-room apartments, while young people could find this acceptable. The planning conundrum is to anticipate the expectations of future generations. This text looks at best theories of urban development, attempting to integrate future expectations in the hope of guiding governments to think outside the box.

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Book SynopsisAs organizations tackle global challenges, the faces of our businesses and our economic system are changing to consider the interests of all stakeholders rather than just shareholders. This book provides a step-by-step approach for organizations to reap benefits from a more sustainable approach. It begins with a brief history of the concept of sustainability as it applies to both performance and reporting. Implementing sustainability in an organization begins with the development of policies which are consistent with the expectations of its stakeholders. An organization’s active participation in multi-stakeholder initiatives helps to align the policies with societal trends. Once the policies are developed, a management system is crucial to ensure congruence of policies with actual performance. Then, periodic reporting of performance based on well-recognized standards aids stakeholders in assessing an organization’s performance–reporting also helps stakeholders to determine if performance aligns with their expectations. Both internal and external assurances build stakeholder trust in the organization’s performance and reporting. Finally, the book concludes with a reflection on key messages and potential future actions for continuous improvement.

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Book SynopsisManaging Sustainability: First Steps to First Class provides a compelling case, real-world examples, and the tools to follow a proven strategy for aligning sustainability efforts with existing organizational priorities.This strategy has taken companies from initial conception to the top of the sustainability rankings. Using examples from leading companies, readers will understand how to build—programs that drive results and enhance reputation.Benefits include enabling companies to attract, hire, retain, and fully engage the best talent, seize the innovation high ground with new and premium products and services, provide access to socially responsible investment capital, implement “best practices,” earn license to operate, reduce compliance and regulatory costs, and more.Includes the latest trend to go beyond the organization’s own “footprint” to integrate their values into their supply chains and build employee and customer loyalty by empowering these essential stakeholders to live their shared values.Sustainability professionals or business strategists who are seeking to integrate effective programs that match corporate strategy with the purpose and values-driven initiatives that engage employees, build customer loyalty, and improve license to operate will benefit from the author’s more than 30 years’ experience in corporate communications, business, and corporate sustainability.

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Book SynopsisMost organizations would say that they are interested in becoming more effective and efficient–which is almost impossible without competent leadership. Bad leaders are corrosive to any organization, thus organizations today must work to attract leaders who promote clarity and honesty.This book highlights the principles and practices that lead to sustainable and positive leadership within SME. It also provides a step-by step approach for the attributes of leaders who can run an SME and who have a predisposition to focus on environmental and resource sustainability. The text begins with a brief history of the concept of sustainability as it applies to both performance and reporting–implementing sustainability in an SME begins with the development of practices and activities.The author explains the required skills to sustain business and environment in order to be prepared for the challenges and opportunities of today’s world and enjoy a successful life. Sukkar will inspire SME’s leaders to be aware of these considerations, and apply them to the role they play in firms–not just doing things right but doing the right things right.

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Book SynopsisProgress of corporate history since the industrial revolution has been an enormous growth in freedom of enterprise, economic prosperity, innovation, technical, and intellectual advancement but it has also been, stoking the passions of greed, a slow and sure decay of morality, and social order culminating in high unemployment and Occupy Wall Street movements.Business enterprise is a profound thought of good intentions towards the society, which sets apart corporate culture over individual choice. A culture is a function of true knowledge of awareness, an identity with the ethical responsibility, that by which corporate infers and society teaches. Immanuel Kant raised the question whether a science of metaphysics with a logical structure, like that of the well established mathematical and measuring ethical assets usage, is crucial for corporate to bring the abstractions into reality, acknowledge value where value is due, and deconstruct what is valueless.This book addresses these issues effectively by subject - object distinction of qualitative and quantitative elements of management, what Kant had pleaded for.

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Book SynopsisDisruption is happening everywhere and in every aspect of our lives. It is happening at a scale and speed that is unprecedented in modern history, impacting diverse industries, from financial services to retail, media, logistics and supply chain, manufacturing, education, professional services, and life sciences. Leaders are finding it challenging to navigate the near-insurmountable challenges resulting from the impact of these disruptive events on their organizations.The right leadership is critical for organizations to thrive in a disruptive business environment. How should we define leadership in such an environment? Are the current leadership practices and competencies still relevant in the face of such disruption? What are the attributes of a “disruptive digital leader”? How can leaders set themselves up not only to survive but also to thrive in navigating the challenges of disruptive events and crises?This book provides insights into an understanding of disruptive leadership. It explores the key success factors for digital transformation of organizations in the highly disruptive, increasingly VUCA-driven era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (also known as Industry 4.0). The book also examines the fundamental qualities of disruptive leadership that would distinguish successful leaders as they guide their organizations through the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the digital transformation at the workplace.

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Book SynopsisAs internal doubts persist on whether an individual adheres to business ethics and corporate policies, readers need to utilize this book in order to develop moral reasoning by demonstrating the moral entity consideration principle. This is vital in terms of coping with an internationalized business environment where human resources must adhere to multidimensional and demanding policies, while attempting to develop their mindset capacity of ethical thinking. This book is about providing a comprehensive framework for understanding business ethics and corporate governance, by analyzing the moral aspects of a plethora of challenges regarding human resources management, policy making, corporate responsibility, code of conduct, agency theory, workforce planning, information systems, and employment relationship.

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Book SynopsisAlthough corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been adopted by many companies, few of them are practicing it with any formal strategy, and the common situation seems to be a portfolio of disparate CSR programs and initiatives, some of which the support core strategy and others of which appear adjacent and discretionary. The diversity of potential CSR initiatives is one issue; however, developing a strategic orientation is complicated by the fact that each company has its own unique set of drivers and motivations for CSR and ideas and responsibilities for those initiatives come from all parts and levels of the organization. Strategic planning for sustainability is far from easy or precise, if only because it requires that simultaneous consideration be given not only to economic performance and development but also to environmental protection and the social wellbeing of employees and other persons and groups outside of the organization. This book is intended as a comprehensive guide to the key steps required to strategically approach becoming a successful sustainable business including conducting a CSR assessment, developing a CSR strategy and the accompanying business case, developing and implementing CSR commitments, and measuring the performance and effectiveness of the planning initiative.

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Book SynopsisIn order to know whether or not the corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiative and its related commitments are actually improving the company’s performance, it is necessary to have in place procedures for reporting and verification, each of which are important tools for measuring change and communicating those changes to the company’s stakeholders. While certain CSR and corporate sustainability disclosures have now become minimum legal requirements in some jurisdictions, in general such disclosures are still a voluntary matter and companies have some leeway as to the scope of their disclosures and how they are presented to investors and other stakeholders. This book is intended to be a practical introduction to sustainability reporting and communications that begins by discussing material legal and regulatory considerations and the some of the major sustainability reporting frameworks and then continues with detailed illustrations of how companies might create and distribute their sustainability reports and develop and implement their CSR communications strategies.

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Book SynopsisSustainability is a topical subject being emphasized nationally and internationally. Though there are books on environment and climate change, there is lack of a textbook/sourcebook which focuses on organizational sustainability.The proposed book is expected to bridge the gap and would be appropriate for business schools offering MBA courses on strategic management, CSR, corporate governance and sustainability.

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