Cellular biology (cytology) Books

Book SynopsisDiese einmalige Kombination aus Lehrbuchtext und Praktikumsanleitung bietet sowohl einen theoretischen Hintergrund als auch eine praktische Anleitung, um die Histologie von Pflanzen kennenzulernen – ideal für Bachelor-Studierende. Ohne diese Grundlagen ist ein Verständnis von komplexen pflanzlichen Entwicklungsprozessen, die durch unterschiedliche Zelltypen und Gewebe mit verschiedenen Aufgaben geprägt sind, nicht möglich.In der 3. Auflage sind einige Objekte hinzugekommen, um das Spektrum des Praktikums zu erweitern. Verschiedene Präparate, die den Niederen Pflanzen zuzurechnen sind, wurden aufgenommen, um durch einfach gebaute Organismen das Verständnis für die Funktionsweise vielzelliger Pflanzen zu entwickeln. Das Kapitel Methoden haben die Autoren um die Bedienung des Lichtmikroskops, die Objektpräparation und Färbemethoden erweitert. Das Botanische Grundpraktikum ist vom Umfang her besonders für Bachelorstudierende geeignet.Table of ContentsDie Pflanzenzelle.- Die Sprossachse.- Das Blatt.- Die Wurzel.- Fortpflanzung und Entwicklung.- Methoden.- Lösungen zu den Aufgaben.- Glossar.- Literatur

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Table of Contents1 Wachstum naturwissenschaftlicher Erkenntnis: Einführung in die Wissenschaftstheorie von Thomas Kuhn.- 1.1 Paradigma, Anomalie, Krise und Revolution: Die Begriffe bei Thomas Kuhn.- 1.2 Kuhns Paradigma-Begriff aus der Sicht der Gestalttheorie.- 1.3 Bedeutung von Musterbeispielen in der Welterfahrung des heranwachsenden Kindes.- 1.4 Erster Exkurs: Unmögliche Gestalten.- 2 Wachstum naturwissenschaftlicher Erkenntnis: Von der Zelltheorie bis zur Chromosomentheorie der Vererbung.- 2.1 Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Mikroskopie und Histologie.- 2.2 Vorläufer der Zelltheorie: Franz Julius Ferdinand Meyen.- 2.3 Die Zelltheorie bei Schleiden und Schwann.- 2.4 Wissenschaftstheorie bei Schwann und Schleiden.- 2.5 Krise der Zelltheorie: Wie bilden sich Zellen?.- 2.6 Zellkern und Befruchtungslehre.- 2.7 Die Entdeckung der Chromosomen.- 2.8 Zweiter Exkurs: Zur Rolle von Wissenschaftssprache und esoterischen Objekten beim Wachstum wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnis.- 2.9 Kontinuität oder Auflösung der Chromosomen in der Interphase? Das Paradigma der Chromosomenindividualität.- 2.10 Chromosomentheorie der Vererbung vor 1900: August Weismanns Versuch einer „realen“ Theorie.- 2.11 Die Geburt der Genetik: Das Paradigma von Gregor Mendel.- 2.12 Chromosomentheorie der Vererbung nach 1900: Walter S. Sutton und Theodor Boveri.- 2.13 Cytogenetik in der Lyssenko-Ära: Ein illegitimer Paradigmawechsel.- 3 Betrachtungen zum Wachstum wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnis.- 3.1 Kuhns Theorie des Paradigmawechsels und die Geschichte der frühen Zell- und Verer-bungsforschung: Ein kritischer Vergleich.- 3.2 Wie wächst wissenschaftliche Erkenntnis?.- a) Was bedeutet „Wachstum“ im Erkenntnisprozeß?.- b) Gibt es Regeln für den Entwurf naturwissenschaftlicher Paradigmata? Anmerkungen zur Rolle von Theorie und Beobachtung.- 3.3 Der Wunsch nach geschlossenen Theorien und die Unvermeidbarkeit von Krisen im Wachstum der Erkenntnis. Bemerkungen aus dem Blickwinkel einer evolutionären Erkenntnistheorie.- 3.4 Sehen und räumliches Vorstellungsvermögen aus dem Blickwinkel einer evolutionären Erkenntnistheorie: der Mesokosmos als ,kognitive Nische‘ des Menschen.- Dritter Exkurs: Eschers Belvedere und das Raumproblem.- Vierter Exkurs: Naive und naturwissenschaftliche Raumerfahrung in einem zweidimensionalen Mesokosmos.- 3.5 Schlußbetrachtung: Entwicklung der Chromosomentheorie und Menschenbild.- 4 Anmerkungen.- 5 Postscriptum — Ludwik Fleck (1896–1961) der Vorläufer von Thomas Kuhn: Die Theorie vom Denkstil und den Denkstilumwandlungen in wissenschaftlichen Gemeinschaften.- 6 Literatur.- 7 Namenverzeichnis.- 8 Sachverzeichnis.

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Book SynopsisSurvivin ist in nahezu allen malignen Tumorerkrankungen überexprimiert und aufgrund seiner dualen Rolle als Apoptose-Inhibitor und Zellzyklus-Regulator an zwei entscheidenden Prozessen der Onkogenese beteiligt. Für die Ausübung beider biologischer Funktionen ist die Interaktion von seinem Kernexportsignal mit dem Exportrezeptor Crm1 essentiell, weshalb die gezielte Inhibition dieser Interaktion einen guten Angriffspunkt für die Krebstherapie darstellt. Lisa Oelschläger analysiert die Effekte supramolekularer Liganden auf die Funktion von Survivin, die mit ihrer hohen Affinität gegenüber oberflächenexponierten Lysin- und Arginin-Seitenketten einen vielversprechenden neuen Ansatz zur gezielten Inhibition der Survivin-Crm1-Interaktion darstellen. Table of ContentsMolekulare Pinzetten – Lysin- und Arginin-spezifische supramolekulare Liganden.- Analyse der Bildung des Exportkomplexes in vitro.- Effekte der supramolekularen Liganden auf die Bildung des Exportkomplexes.- Untersuchung der zellulären Exportaktivität von Survivin.

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Book SynopsisRecent advances in the field of recombinant antibodies have permitted the manipulation of genes encoding specific antibodies, thus allowing their ectopic expression in a wide variety of non-lymphoid cells. This volume describes how the ectopic expression of antibodies, as secreted or as intracellularly retargeted molecules, can be exploited to block biological functions or to confer new phenotypic traits (e.g. resistance to a virus). This is the first book describing this emerging technology, which is receiving increasing attention for application in many different fields and biological systems - from human gene therapy to plant biotechnology.Table of Contents1. Intracellular and Intercellular Immunization.- 2. Current Methods for Genotypic and Phenotypic Knock-Outs in Mammalian Cells.- 3. Recombinant Antibodies for Ectopic Expression.- 4. Assembly and Folding of Antibodies in Natural and Artificial Environments.- 5. Protein Sequence Motifs Involved in Intracellular Trafficking.- 6. Intercellular Immunization.- 7. Intracellular Immunization.- 8. Gene Therapy and Research Applications of Intrabodies for Human Infectious Diseases.- 9. Plantibodies: Immunomodulation and Immunotherapeutic Potential.- 10. From Phage Libraries to Intracellular Immunization.- 11. Perspectives and Conclusions.

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Book SynopsisZiel dieses handlichen, deutschsprachigen Laborhandbuches ist es, die Standard- und Spezialanwendungen der PCR in praxisnaher und verständlicher Form darzustellen. Es wendet sich an Diplomanden, Doktoranden, Wissenschaftler und TAs, die die Möglichkeiten der PCR für ihre molekularbiologischen oder diagnostischen Fragestellungen nutzen möchten.In vorliegender 2. Auflage wurden die etablierten Methoden aktualisiert und wichtige neue Applikationen (z.B. Next Generation Sequencing oder die Emulsions-PCR) hinzugefügt. Da die Automation bei den molekularbiologischen Applikationen fortschreitet, erfordern gerade die letztgenannten Methoden immer weniger Handarbeit, wobei das generelle Verständnis über die einzelnen Schritte vorhanden sein muss. Dieses ‚Know-How‘ erhalten Sie im vorliegenden PCR-Methodenbuch.Table of ContentsEinleitung.- Allgemeine PCR-Parameter.- PCR als Detektionsmethode.- PCR als Klonierungsmethode.- PCR für die Standard-Klonierung.- T/A-Cloning.- Ligase-unabhängige-Klonierung (LIC).- UNG-Klonierung.- Surf-Klonierung.- Megaprime-PCR.- RT-PCR.- RACE-PCR.- Quantitative PCR.- Real-Time-PCR.- Colony-PCR.- PCR zur Mutationsanalyse.- Nested-PCR.- DOP-PCR.- Alu- (IRS) PCR.- PCR-Optimierung.- 1-Sekunden-PCR.- Long Distance-PCR.- Genomtypisierung mit der PCR.- Differential Display PCR Firmenverzeichnis Internet-Adressen rund um die PCR Sachregister.

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Book SynopsisDie überarbeitete und aktualisierte 7. Auflage dieses Buches gibt einen Überblick über bewährte und neue Methoden der Proteinbiochemie und Proteomics. Es zeigt Auswege aus experimentellen und strategischen Sackgassen. Zudem weckt es ein Gespür für das richtige Experiment zur richtigen Zeit. Behandelt werden klassische Verfahren wie Säulenchromatographie, HPLC, Elektrophoresen, Blots, ELISA, Ligandenbindungstests, die Herstellung von Antikörpern, das Solubilisieren von Membranproteinen, die Analyse von Glykoproteinen usw. Einen großen Raum nehmen die modernen Verfahren ein: Massenspektrometrie, Proteomics und thermische Analyse. In die 7. Auflage wurden neue Techniken zur Bestimmung der Wechselwirkung von Proteinen mit Proteinen oder von Proteinen mit kleinen Molekülen aufgenommen: DARTS, DRACALA, SPROX und andere. Des weiteren erfahren Sie, wie man mit dem Massenspektrometer eine Bindung misst. Auch Methoden zur Herstellung von Bindungsproteinen gegen bestimmte Zielmoleküle werden vorgestellt: Ribosomen Display und DNA- und Peptid-Aptamer-Techniken. Der Fluoreszenznachweis von Proteinen mit Hilfe von Trihalogenverbindungen durfte nicht fehlen und wer die Stabilität und Faltung von Proteinen messen will, kann hier nachlesen, ob er dazu ein CD-Spektrometer benutzen sollte. Auf die Fortschritte in der HPLC und der Massenspektrometrie von Membranproteinen wird ebenso eingegangen wie auf ihre Rekonstitution in Nanoscheibchen (Nanodiscs). Die Mikrodissektion mit UV-Laser, die isoelektrische Fokussierung in Kapillaren und iTRAQ-Tags werden erklärt. Dazu kommt eine Anzahl neuer Tricks zur Proteinbestimmung, Gelfärbung, Blottechnik, Immunfärbung, Elution aus Gelstückchen etc.Table of ContentsDas tägliche Brot.- Ligandenbindung.- Membranproteine solubilisieren.- Rekonstitution von Proteinen.- Säubern und Putzen.- Antikörper.- Proteomics.- Untereinheiten.- Glykoproteine.- Der Schatz im Silbersee.- Durch die Wüste

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsG Proteins and G Protein–Coupled Receptors.- Traditional GPCR Pharmacology and Beyond.- Regulation of Intraneuronal Trafficking of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors by Neurotransmitters In Vivo.- Small GTPases and Their Role in Regulating G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signal Transduction.- Regulation of G Protein Receptor Coupling, Mood Disorders and Mechanism of Action of Antidepressants.- Dysregulation of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling in Cancer.- Growth Factors.- Insulin Signaling in Normal and Diabetic Conditions.- Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) Receptor Signaling and Cancer.- Leptin Signaling Pathway.- Signaling in Normal and Pathological Angiogenesis.- Signaling Platforms.- Spatial and Temporal Control of Cell Signaling by A-Kinase Anchoring Proteins.- Mitochondria, a Platform for Diverse Signaling Pathways.- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and Their Scaffolding Proteins.- Molecular and Functional Determinants of Ca2+ Signaling Microdomains.- Nuclear Receptors / Transcription.- Eukaryotic Gene Transcription.- Estrogen Signaling Mechanisms.- Signal Transduction Pathways Involved in Glucocorticoid Actions.- Reactive Signaling Molecules.- Cellular Signaling by Reactive Oxygen Species: Biochemical Basis and Physiological Scope.- Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase: The Nitric Oxide Receptor.- Cell Cycle, Cell Death and Cancer.- Distinct Roles of the Pocket Proteins in the Control of Cell Cycle.- Activation of the p53 Tumor Suppressor and its Multiple Roles in Cell Cycle and Apoptosis.- Aging and Cancer: Caretakers and Gatekeepers.- Signal Transduction in Embryonic Stem Cells and the Rise of iPS Cells.- Erratum to.

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Book SynopsisWas ist Genetik?- Molekulare Grundlagen der Vererbung.- Verwertung genetischer Informationen.- Molekulare Struktur und Regulation prokaryotischer Gene.- Die eukaryotische Zelle und Modellorganismen.- Eukaryotische Chromosomen.- Molekulare Struktur und Regulation eukaryotischer Gene.- Epigenetik.- Instabilität, Flexibilität und Variabilität des Genoms.- Veränderungen im Genom: Mutationen.- Formalgenetik.- Entwicklungsgenetik.- Genetik menschlicher Erkrankungen.- Verhaltens- und Neurogenetik.- Genetik und Anthropologie.- Anhang: Antworten zu den Übungsfragen.- Glossar.- Hilfreiche Daten.- Wichtige Internet-Links.

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Book SynopsisDieses Einsteiger-Lehrbuch bietet eine hochaktuelle, aber auch alltagstaugliche Gesamtschau der Bioanalytik. Drogen- und Virus-Tests, die Blutzucker-Bestimmung bei Diabetes, die Messung der körperlichen Fitness, Schwangerschaft und der lebensrettende Check eines Herzinfarkts sind einige der spannenden und lebensnahen Aspekte, die mit einer Vielzahl an vierfarbigen Grafiken und Fotos beschrieben werden. Wie das mit bereits fünf Auflagen erfolgreiche Werk des Autors Biotechnologie für Einsteiger soll auch dieses Buch zeigen: „Wissenschaft kann Spaß machen!" und die Neugier auf mehr wecken – und das schon alleine beim Durchblättern. Die abwechslungsreiche Gestaltung des Buches bietet neben Meinungen von Experten, die Standpunkte aus Forschung und Industrie veranschaulichen, auch geschichtliche Aspekte sowie die beliebte Nanoru-Cartoon-Geschichte, die, wie gewohnt, witzig in die Thematik einführt. Acht Fragen am Ende jedes Kapitels helfen bei der Selbstkontrolle von Lernbegierigen.Die zweite Auflage wurde gänzlich überarbeitet und – buchstäblich bis zur letzten Minute vor dem Druck – u.a. mit dem erläuterten Nachweis von Coronaviren auf den aktuellsten Stand gebracht.Table of ContentsDas Nanoru.- Biomoleküle auf dem Prüfstand.- Biokatalyse.- Bio-Affinität I.- Bio-Affinität II.- DNA, RNA und ihre Amplifikation.- Biosensoren.

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Book SynopsisThis book introduces the basics of cellular and molecular biology on a basic level including detailed explanations and examples. It lays the foundation for a systematic understanding of biology, which is essential in order to handle big data in biomedical research. Comprehension of what is measured, how it is measured and how to interpret results is a precondition for the development of novel therapies against diseases.Interdisciplinary research benefits from versatile approaches to generate and test hypotheses, which may lead to new discoveries. Therefore, it requires a new generation of biologists from diverse backgrounds - and they need this introduction.This book helps students and experts from e.g. computer science, informatics, mathematics, physics, and related fields or even if you are in sales and marketing and want to have a better understanding of the biology behind certain products.Table of Contents1 Cell architecture.- 2 DNA & RNA & associated proteins.- 3 Transcription and translation.- 4 Regulation of gene expression.- 5 Membranes and intracellular transport.- 6 Signalling.- 7 Cell cycle.- 8 Immunology.- 9 Cancer.

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Book SynopsisAlthough general morphological features have been used to consistently identify the changes in cell ultrastructure occurring during apoptosis, as distinct from necrosis, important advances have been achieved more recently in the investigation of the cellular and molecular aspects of this process. This book brings together the latest international research on the complex subject of programmed cell death, and covers such areas as the biochemical mechanisms, introduction of DNA fragmentation, enetic regulation, and the importance of apoptosis in the immune system, particularly during T-cell development, and in cancer. The comparison of a number of common signal transduction pathways with those involved in cell growth highlights an important relationship between apoptosis and the control of cell proliferation.Table of ContentsBiochemical Mechanisms; DNA Fragmentation; Genetic Regulation; Apoptosis in the Immune System; Apoptosis in Cancer.

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Book SynopsisBIOspektrum - das Magazin für Biowissenschaften gibt anhand von Review-Artikeln einen Überblick über neue Entwicklungen in den Biowissenschaften und spiegelt die Forschungsschwerpunkte der Gesellschaft für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie (GBM), der Vereinigung für Allgemeine und Angewandte Mikrobiologie (VAAM), der Gesellschaft für Genetik (GfG), der Gesellschaft für Entwicklungsbiologie (GfE) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie (DGPT) wider.Dieses Buch enthält eine Auswahl der besten Artikel aus den Jahrgängen 2012 bis 2010 zu Themen aus der Biochemie und Molekularen Biologie. Studierende und Wissenschaftler der Biowissenschaften, aber auch Professionals in der biomedizinischen bzw. Biotec-Industrie können sich jetzt ein Bild von aktuellen Themen der Forschung machen und neue Methoden kennenlernen.Table of ContentsVarianz und Stabilität der Gene.- Mechanismen der transkriptionellen Regulation in der Blütenentwicklung. - Wenn Proteine ihren Partner wechseln. - Die CTD der RNA-Polymerase II – eine neue Ebene der Genregulation. - DNA-Methylierung und Evolution. - Die Chemische Biologie beschreitet neue Wege in der Chromatinforschung. - Epigenom-Karten erstellen und nutzen. - Gezielte Manipulation des Genoms mit Zinkfingernukleasen. - Adeno-assoziierte Viren für effizientes Gene Targeting in humanen Zellen. - Genregulatoren aus dem Baukasten – das Hammerhead-Ribozym. - Die Rolle der PPR-Proteine beim RNA-Editing in Pflanzenmitochondrien. - Hochspezifische RNA-Polymerasen mit ungewöhnlichen Eigenschaften. - Struktur, Funktion und Evolution von Dnmt2. - Kleine RNAs, soweit das Auge reicht. - Von ein wenig antisense zu globalen RNA-Regulons. - Auch einmal klein angefangen: Evolution von mikro-RNAs. - NMR-Spektroskopie zum Verständnis RNA-basierter Regulation. - Ribosomen-Biogenese: Hierarchie oder koordiniertes Miteinander?. - Genauigkeit und Geschwindigkeit der Proteinsynthese. - Ribosom-assoziierte Chaperone kontrollieren die Proteinbiosynthese. - Proteinimport in die peroxisomale Matrix – ein Prozess nimmt Form an. - Analyse von Protein-Interaktionen durch FRET und FACS. - Chemisches Cross-Linking und MS zur Untersuchung von Proteinkomplexen. - Struktur und Dynamik von Biomolekülen mit high precision-FRET. - GSDIM: ein pointillistischer Blick auf die Zelle. - Der THz-Tanz des Wassers mit den Proteinen. - Immunoproteasomen: Schutz vor Stress. - ADAM17: molekularer Schalter zwischen Entzündung und Regeneration. - Enzyme am Reißbrett. - Proteinsemisynthese – ein Werkzeug für komplex modifizierte Proteine. - Nicht-kanonische Aminosäuren in der Synthetischen Biologie. - Neue Wege zur Isolierung funktionsoptimierter Lipasen. - Proteinstabilisierung durch gelenkte Evolution mit Faltungsreportern. - Quantitative Analyse der Proteomdynamik. - SILAC in Mikroorganismen. - Proteomanalysen in der klinischen Forschung. - Vom Anorganischen zum Organischen. - Biologische Halogenierung. - Gen- und Stoffwechseldaten mal anders: Wikis und Google maps. - Diversität asymmetrischer Thiamin-Katalyse. - Sauerstoffmangel im Fokus der medizinischen Forschung. - Mitochondrialer Komplex I – Analyse einer molekularen Maschine. - Polysialinsäure – ein Zucker reguliert die Hirnentwicklung. - Wachstumsfaktoren der Cystin-Knoten-Familie und ihre Pro-Formen. - Funktion des neuronalen Cannabinoidrezeptors. - Molekulare Kontrolle der Aktindynamik in vivo bei Drosophila. - Telomere und Telomerase in Zellalterung und Karzinogenese. - Neue PCR-Technologien für alte DNA. - DNA-Barcoding – Schlüssel zu den Geheimnissen der Schwämme. - Resistenz gegen die Gelbmosaikvirose der Gerste. - Die Real-Time-RT-PCR-Datenanalyse im Fokus der MIQE-Richtlinie. - Materialien zur induzierbaren Freisetzung von Biopharmazeutika. - Faltkunst mit DNA-Origami. - Hochauflösende Einzelmolekülanalyse mit Nanoporen-Arrays. - Multiplex-Einzelmolekülanalyse von Transmembranprozessen.

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Book SynopsisPlant virus nanoparticle (VNP) is a useful platform with biocompatibility and versatile monodisperse protein structures that can be engineered with bioactive cues, offering opportunities to functionalize bioinert hydrogels for tissue engineering. The hypothesis in this study was that osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and biomineralization could be enhanced by incorporating VNPs, which were engineered with osteogenesis-associated or cell-adhesive peptides, into cell-laden hydrogels. Cellular responses to VNPs were examined in both 2D and 3D cultures, including VNP-cell distribution, cell attachment, morphology, and osteogenesis. VNP-laden agarose or agarose-collagen hydrogels were characterized in terms of release rate, mineralization effect, mechanical properties, and usage as bioink. The results revealed enhanced osteogenic differentiation when cells were cultured on VNP-coated surfaces, and attachment of VNPs to cells as well as at least 84 % of VNP retention we

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Book SynopsisThis book is intended to provide a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental concepts and practical applications of Cytology and Genetics. It encompasses all aspects of the subject, including information on the microscope, cell division, Mendelian principles of heredity, linkage and detection, gene mapping through recombination, multiple alleles, and gene interaction and probability. The practical information outlined in this guide will be of great benefit to students and educators in the fields of Biological and Agricultural Sciences.

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Book SynopsisThe book in question is primarily designed to serve as a companion for students of cytogenetics within the fields of Genetics and Plant Breeding. Through the use of illustrations and clear explanations, the book aims to make the fundamental concepts of the subject accessible to even beginners. The books organization strictly adheres to the course curriculum taught in universities, ensuring that the content is both relevant and comprehensive. The topics covered in the book have been arranged in a concise and easily understandable manner, deliberately avoiding the complexity often found in traditional textbooks. This book is intended to supplement, not replace, primary texts.

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Book SynopsisThis monograph addresses an innovative autologous muscle-derived stem cell therapy for urinary incontinence in women. It provides a detailed overview of studies and research projects on the use of stem cells for the treatment of urinary incontinence. It provides updated information about this condition for the era of regenerative medicine, making it a valuable resource for both students and physicians.Trade Review[A]n innovative therapeutic method... we can expect that in the? ?near future it will become the first-line treatment in female patients who have? ?not benefited from conventional options. This method could also become the? ?first-choice preventive measure (e.g. in women after vaginal delivery) if optimal? ?procedures are developed for the harvesting, culture and administration of stem? ?cells into the urethral sphincter. -- ?Tomasz Rechberger

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Book SynopsisHow did life on earth originate? Did replication or metabolism come first in the history of life? In this book, Freeman Dyson examines these questions and discusses the two main theories that try to explain how naturally occurring chemicals could organize themselves into living creatures. The majority view is that life began with replicating molecules, the precursors of modern genes. The minority belief is that random populations of molecules evolved metabolic activities before exact replication existed. Dyson analyzes both of these theories with reference to recent important discoveries by geologists and chemists. His main aim is to stimulate new experiments that could help to decide which theory is correct. This second edition covers the enormous advances that have been made in biology and geology in the past decade and the impact they have had on our ideas about how life began. It is a clearly-written, fascinating book that will appeal to anyone interested in the origins of life.

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Book SynopsisWhen new fellows join my lab, I give them some reading materials so that they can orient themselves in their assignment in a new eld. When fellows leave my lab, some after writing their dissertations, I prefer to give them a book as a symbolic present. I was longing for a book that contained something on more or less eve- thing about the islets. At the same time, I wished it contained information as recent as possible. There are a few such books in the market but they are pretty outdated. I started picking islets myself from October 1990, when I joined the Rolf Luft Center, Karolinska Institutet. Over the years my fascination for islet research remained high. Since last year, I felt a stronger urge to do more for these mysterious and hidden mini-organs that are directly or indirectly involved in the pathogenesis of all forms of diabetes that affects ?250 million people in the world. After I launched the Islet (landesbioscience. com/journals/islets) and founded the Islet Society (isletso- ety. org), there was a momentum that could be utilized to create something equally meaningful i. e. this book. The idea cracked in September 2008. Starting September 19, 2008, I contacted an estimated 90% of the authors who published anything on the islets during 2007–2008 and who could be traced from the internet.Trade Review"It looks very comprehensive and covers all current areas of interest and includes chapters written by world renowned contributors - very nice!"Matthias von Herrath, MDProfessor and Director, Center for Type 1 Diabetes ResearchLa Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla CA, USA "This book will be welcomed by islet researchers and clinicians interested in the latest developments and theories from which new therapeutics for diabetes can emerge". Martha Pavlakis, MDAssociate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical SchoolMedical Director, Kidney and Pancreas TransplantationBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBoston, MA, USA "The field of islet biology is assuming increasing importance with the recognition that beta-cell dysfunction is a critical feature of type II diabetes. Improving b-cell function and/or b-cell mass may be the best approach to treating diabetes. Thus, the publication of a book covering so many aspects of this field is timely". Fred Levine, M.D., Ph.D.Professor, Burnham Institute for Medical ResearchDirector, Sanford Children's Health Research CenterLa Jolla, CA, USA "The growing prevalence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes make islet cell biology a critical concern for a wide range of scientists and health professionals. From anatomy and developmental biology, through islet physiology and biochemistry, to issues of immunology and transplantation, this book is a terrific resource".Jonathan M.W.Slack, Ph.D., F.Med.Sci. Director, Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Medical SchoolMinneapolis, MN, USA "This book allows you to enjoy an adventurous and instructive guided tour in the archipelago of the islets of Langerhans. A team of expert and enthusiastic explorers will not only conduct the voyager through almost all niches of this complex and fascinating environment, but also provide him with clues and keys for future exploration of still hidden sites".Prof. Pellegrino MasielloDept. of Experimental Pathology,University of Pisa,Pisa, Italy "The pancreatic islet is a complex mini-organ whose dysfunction is critical in all forms of diabetes. This book provides a comprehensive review of the molecular and cellular processes in islet development, gene expression, and physiology and reviews how a better understanding of the pancreatic islet will advance efforts to develop new therapeutic approaches for diabetes. This book should be quite useful for anyone interested in the pancreatic islet or diabetes".Alvin C. Powers, M.D.Joe C. Davis Chair in Biomedical Science Professor of Medicine, Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsDirector, Vanderbilt Diabetes CenterVanderbilt UniversityNashville, TN USA "A very timely book on the Islet of Langerhans that coincides with the realization that pancreatic ß-cell failure is key to all forms of diabetes mellitus and research in the field is exploding. It contains very thoughtful chapters, each by renown experts in their field, and tackles the complexity of this micro-organ in health and disease very comprehensively and thoughtfully. It will likely become a Reference for years to come for basic researchers, clinicians and students interested is diabetes research"Marc Prentki, PhDProfessor of Nutrition and BiochemistryCanada Research Chair in Diabetes and MetabolismMDRC DirectorMontreal, QCCanada Table of ContentsCHAPTER 1 : Microscopic anatomy of the human islet of Langerhans - Peter In't Veld and Miriam Marichal CHAPTER 2 : The comparative anatomy of islets - Scott Heller CHAPTER 3: Approaches for imaging of islets: recent advances and future prospects - Ulf Ahlgren and Martin Gotthardt CHAPTER 4: Islet-cell Development - Anabel Rojas, Adrian Khoo, Juan R. Tejedo, Francisco J. Bedoya, Bernat Soria and Franz Martín CHAPTER 5: High fat programming of b-cell failure - Marlon. E. Cerf CHAPTER 6: Nutrient regulation of insulin secretion and b-cell functional integrity - Philip Newsholme, Celine Gaudel, and Neville H McClenaghan CHAPTER 7: Electrophysiology of islet cells - Gisela Drews, Peter Krippeit-Drews and Martina Düfer CHAPTER 8: ATP sensitive potassium channels in health and disease - Rebecca Clark and Peter Proks CHAPTER 9: Role of mitochondria in b-cell function and dysfunction - Pierre Maechler, Ning Li, Marina Casimir, Laurène Vetterli, Francesca Frigerio, Thierry Brun CHAPTER 10: Basement membrane in pancreatic islet function - Martin Kragl and Eckhard Lammert CHAPTER 11: Calcium signaling in the islets - Md. Shahidul Islam CHAPTER 12: Electrical bursting, calcium oscillations, and synchronization of pancreatic islets - Richard Bertram, Arthur Sherman, and Leslie S. Satin CHAPTER 13: Cyclic AMP signaling in pancreatic islets - Brian Furman, Wee Kiat Ong, and Nigel Pyne CHAPTER 14: Exocytosis in islet b-cells - Haruo Kasai, Hiroyasu Hatakeyama, Mitsuyo Ohno and Noriko Takahashi CHAPTER 15: The novel roles of glucagon-like peptide-1, angiotensin II, and vitamin D in islet function - Po Sing Leung CHAPTER 16: Proteomics and islets research - Meftun Ahmed CHAPTER 17: Wnt signaling in pancreatic islets - Zhengyu Liu and Joel F. Habener CHAPTER 18: Molecular pathways underlying the pathogenesis of pancreatic a-cell dysfunction - Dan Kawamori,Hannah J. Welters, and Rohit N. Kulkarni CHAPTER 19: Mechanisms of pancreatic b-cell apoptosis in diabetes and its therapies - James D. Johnson, Dan S. Luciani CHAPTER 20: b-cell function in obese-hyperglycaemic mice [ob/ob mice] - Per Lindström CHAPTER 21: Islet structure and function in the GK rat - B. Portha, G. Lacraz, A. Chavey, F. Figeac, M. Fradet, C. Tourrel-Cuzin, F. Homo-Delarche, M-H. Giroix, D. Bailbé, MN. Gangnerau, J. Movassat CHAPTER 22: The b-cell in human type 2 diabetes - Piero Marchetti, Roberto Lupi, Silvia Del Guerra, Marco Bugliani, Lorella Marselli and Ugo Boggi CHAPTER 23: Clinical approaches to preserve b-cell function in diabetes - Bernardo L. Wajchenberg CHAPTER 24: Immunology of b-cell destruction - Daria La Torre, and Åke Lenmark CHAPTER 25: Toll-like receptors and type 1 diabetes - Danny Zipris CHAPTER 26: Prevention of b-cell destruction in autoimmune diabetes: current approaches and future prospects - Saikiran K Sedimbi and Carani B Sanjeevi CHAPTER 27: In vivo regeneration of insulin-producing b-cell - Hee-Sook Jun CHAPTER 28: Customized cell-based treatment options to combat autoimmunity and restore b-cell function in Type I diabetes mellitus: current protocols and future perspectives - Fred Fändrich and Hendrik Ungefroren CHAPTER 29: The progammable cell of monocytic origin (PCMO): A potential adult stem/progenitor cell source for the generation of islet cells - Hendrik Ungefroren and Fred Fändrich CHAPTER 30: Islet isolation for clinical transplantation - Tatsuya Kin CHAPTER 31: Human islet autotransplantation: the trail thus far and the highway ahead - Martin Hermann, Raimund Margreiter and Paul Hengster CHAPTER 32: Modulation of early inflammatory reactions to promote engraftment and function of transplanted pancreatic islets in autoimmune diabetes - Lorenzo Piemonti, Luca G. Guidotti,

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Book SynopsisEstrogen and the Vessel Wall marks the start of a new era in understanding the cardiovascular actions of estrogen. It examines the hypothesis, derived from a growing body of epidemiological data, that estrogen acts directly upon the vessel wall to produce beneficial effects in the cardiovascular system.Inspired by a satellite symposium of the IX International Vascular Biology Meeting, additional topics have been included, covered by leading experts. All subjects have been brought together here to produce an outstanding and integral publication, a milestone in the field of Vascular Research.Table of ContentsPart I - Regulation of Gene Expression by the Estrogen Receptor Part II - Vascular Endothelium 1. Role of Estrogen in Endothelial Cell Behaviour 2. Modulation of Cellular Adhesion Molecules and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase by Estrogen 3. Non-Genomic Actions of Estrogens: Estrogens as Antioxidants Lipoprotein Metabolism in the Vessel Wall 4. Estrogen and Vasomotor Tone 5. Endothelium-Dependent Vasoconstrictors Part III - Lipoproteins, Hemostasis and Leukocytes 1. Estradiol and Accelerated Transplant Atherosclerosis 2. Statistical Analysis of Ionic Channel Current Fluctuations 3. Natural Variability in the Geometry of Dendritic Branching Patterns 4. The Multiple Equivalent Cylinder Model 5. Parameter Estimation Algorithms for the Shunt Cable Model 6. Determination of Cable Parameters for Neurons with Gap Junctions 6. Ionic Current Modeling of Neurons in the Outer Retina 7. Ephatic Interactions Between Neurons Part IV - Regulation of Vasomotor Function 1. Estrogens and Coronary Artery Reactivity in 2. Estrogen Receptor in the Cardiovascular System Part V - Atherosclerosis and Vascular Diseases 1. Atherosclerotic Monkeys 2. Cloning Expression and Function of a Novel Estrogen Receptor

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Book SynopsisA vast number of neural cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily have been isolated over the past two decades. In functional studies, many of them have been shown to confer adhesive properties to cells and to play an important role in developmental processes such as cell migration and axon outgrowth. Recent observations implicate Ig superfamily adhesion molecules in the regulation of activity-dependent synaptic plasticity, in regeneration after neural trauma, as well as in the pathogenesis of malformations in the developing nervous systems. This book summarizes the molecular features and some of the cellular functions of this important class of cell surface molecules. It includes detailed information on the molecular structure of the immunoglobulin fold, the common domain of these proteins, the molecular interactions between various neural Ig superfamily members and their role in signal transduction, as well as the role of Ig superfamily adhesion molecules in axon guidance during both vertebrate and invertebrate neurogenesis. Recent observations on a role for these molecules in activity-dependent synaptic plasticity and in the regeneration of injured axons in the peripheral and central nervous system are described. A discussion on the connection between Ig superfamily adhesion molecules and medical genetics is also provided.Table of ContentsA. Structural Considerations1. Structural Features of Neural Immunoglobulin Superfamily Adhesion Molecules B. Interactions and Molecular Function1. Molecular Interactions Involving Immunoglobulin Superfamily Adhesion Proteins 2. NCAM Polysialic Acid 3. Signal Transduction, Neurite Growth and Ig-Superfamily Adhesion Molecules in the Vertebrate System 4. Ig Superfamily Kinases 5. Ig Superfamily Phosphatases C. Role in Neural Development and Plasticity 1. Molecular Mechanisms of Growth Cone Guidance in the Vertebrate Nervous System 2. Genetic Analysis of the Fasciclin II Cell Adhesion Molecule Reveals Multiple Roles During the Generation of Neuronal Specificity 3. Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules in Activity-Dependent Plasticity D. Role in Regeneration and Disease 1. Ig-Superfamily Molecules in Neural Regeneration in the CNS 2. Ig-Superfamily Molecules in Myelination and Regeneration in the Peripheral Nervous System 3. Medical Genetics of Ig Superfamily Molecules

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Book SynopsisThe field of cytokine research is expanding at a rapid pace Contributions from the major leading groups in the world on the structure and biological properties of cytokine and cytokine receptors, as well as integrated reviews on cytokines in various physiological and pathological conditions were presented in three issues of International Reviews of Immunology This collection of articles provided a unique source of information However, important discoveries are emerging very rapidly and some of the reviews written in 1997 are already outdated In this book, the editors assemble reviews that have been updated by their authors to include all the recent publications and unpublished data from the authors' laboratories This volume should serve as an excellent reference source for all those concerned by the multiple faces of cytokines in basic research and in the clinic

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Book SynopsisGlycoproteins play an important role in the regulation of gene expression, cell growth, migration, differentiation and apoptosis. Over the last decade, research has highlighted the therapeutic implications of glycoproteins for many physiological and pathological processes, such as inflammation, arthritis and metastasis. The first part of the book deals with the structure and biosynthesis of glycoconjugates; the second part addresses the pathological roles played by glycoconjugates and their potential therapeutic applications.

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Book SynopsisThe past few years have seen considerable advances in our understanding of the molecular basis underlying cutaneous cell adhesion mechanisms. Co-authored by a number of leading experts in the field ^Cell Adhesion and Migration in Skin Disease provides a comprehensive overview of the critical role played by cell adhesion in determining the structure and function of both healthy and diseased human skin. The book is divided into three main sections, with each one addressing a principal function of adhesion molecules.The first part focuses on the epidermis, which as the skin's outermost layer, acts as the human body's primary barrier of defence. Roles played by cytoskeletal intermediate filaments and junctional complexes in cutaneous cell adhesion are emphasised with descriptions of blistering skin diseases that can arise if these molecules malfunction.The second part describes the macromolecular interactions responsible for the anchorage of cells to the underlying extracellular basement membrane. The experimental approaches detailed in the text not only reveal how the molecular components of the dermal-epidermal junction have been elucidated, but also highlight how mutations in the genes which encode these molecules are responsible for many heritable skin diseases. Leukocytes continually infiltrate the skin and patrol it for potentially harmful pathogens. Control of leukocyte adhesion to resident cells within the skin and to the extracellular matrix plays a key role in controlling these processes. These mechanisms constitute the primary focus of the final section. The pivotal role of leukocytes is examined in conjunction with the chronic inflammatory diseases which arise when components of the skin's finely tuned defence strategy go awry and the potential for these anomalies to be pinpointed as important immunotherapeutic targets for skin diseases.Table of Contents1. Cell-Cell Attachment 2. The Cornified Cell Envelope 3. Keratins and Keratin Disorders 4. Desmosomes 5. Cell-Matrix Attachment 6. Protein-Protein Interactions at the Dermal-Epidermal BMZ 7. Biology and Pathology of Hemidesmosomes 8. Dermal-Epidermal Adhesion 9. Leukocyte Trafficking in Skin Diseases 10. Skin Homing Lymphocytes 11. T-cell Accessory Molecules 12. Animal Models of Skin Inflammation 13. Langerhans Cell Migration 14. Leukocyte Adhesion and Accessory Molecules as Therapeutic Targets for Inflammatory Skin Diseases

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Book SynopsisProteins, Cells and Materials contains a collection of articles, which constitute together the complete Festschrift in honor of the 65th birthday of Dr. John L. Brash. For the first time these articles - published previously in several special issues of the Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition - have been compiled into one comprehensive volume. Over the past 40 years John Brash, a member of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition, has distinguished himself in the field of biomaterials. Much of his efforts have focused on detailed studies of blood–surface interactions, particularly those of plasma proteins. His multi-faceted approach recognises the importance of hemodynamics, transport and surface phenomena in the gross effects that result from blood–surface contact. In this book articles on the most recent development in these areas are collected and will thus provide a wealth of information of current research to specialists in the above-mentioned fields.Table of ContentsForeword, Introduction, Letter, I. Proteins, II. Cells, III. Materials

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Book SynopsisMany Microorganisms and some macro-organisms can live under extreme conditions. For example, high and low temperature, acidic and alkaline conditions, high salt areas, high pressure, toxic compounds, high level of ionizing radiation, anoxia and absence of light, etc. Many organisms inhabit environments characterized by more than one form of stress (Polyextremophiles). Among them are those who live in hypersaline and alkaline, hot and acidic, cold/hot and high hydrostatic pressure, etc. Polyextremophiles found in desert regions have to copy with intense UV irradiation and desiccation, high as well as low temperatures, and low availability of water and nutrients. This book provides novel results of application to polyextremophiles research ranging from nanotechnology to synthetic biology to the origin of life and beyond.Trade ReviewFrom the book reviews:“It is a document of the terrestrial ecology of free-living microorganisms. … The utility of the volume is enhanced by its general readability; any undergraduate with a basic understanding of microbiology will benefit from reading it. This accessibility is augmented by the color plates that are used throughout the text. … Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and above.” (P. K. Strother, Choice, Vol. 52 (2), October, 2014)Table of ContentsPART 1: OPENING CHAPTERSIntroduction; J. Seckbach et al.Foreword; R.W. CastenholzPreface; K. HorikoshiList of Authors and Their AddressesPART 2: GENERAL ASPECTSPolyextremophiles and the Constraints for Terrestrial Habitability; M.C. Capece et al.Life on the Edge and Astrobiology: Who Is Who in the Polyextremophiles World; J. SeckbachThe Dynamic Genomes of Acidophiles; F. J. López de Saro et al.PART 3: HALOPHILESTwo Centuries of Microbiological Research in the Wadi Natrun, Egypt: A Model System for the Study of the Ecology, Physiology, and Taxonomy of Haloalkaliphilic Microorganisms; A. OrenAdaptation in Haloalkaliphiles and Natronophilic Bacteria; H.L. Banciu and D.Y. SorokinA Random Biogeochemical Walk into Three Soda Lakes of the Western USA: With an Introduction to a Few of their Microbial Denizens; R.S. OremlandHalophilic, Acidophilic, and Haloacidophilic Prokaryotes; H. MinegishiLife in Magnesium- and Calcium-Rich Hypersaline Environments: Salt Stress by Chaotropic Ions; A. OrenSurvival Strategies of Halophilic Oligotrophic and Desiccation Resistant Prokaryotes; H. Stan-Lotter and S. FendrihanRadiation Resistance in Extremophiles: Fending Off Multiple Attacks; K.M. Webb and J. DiRuggieroPART 4: THERMOPHILESThermoalkaliphilic Microbes; V. Kumar and T. SatyanarayanaAcido- and Thermophilic Microorganisms, Their Features and Identification of Novel Enzymes or Pathways; Y. KawarabayasiMicrobial Diversity in Acidic High Temperature Steam Vents; R.L. Weiss Bizzoco and S.T. KelleyPART 5: PSYCHROPHILESLeft Out in the Cold: Life in Cryoenvironments; J. Goordial et al.Microbial Diversity and Enzymes in Ikaite Columns; A Cold and Alkaline Environment in Greenland; J.K. Vester et al.Microbial Communities Thriving in Various Ice Ecosystems; B. Sattler and B. PostSnow Algae. Adaptation Strategies to Survive on Snow and Ice; T. LeyaAdaptation of Antarctic Freshwater Green Algae to the Extreme Environments; H. HuPART 6: PRESSUREDeep Sub-Surface Oil Reservoirs as Poly-Extreme Habitats for Microbial Life. A Current Review; A. Wentzel et al.Expanding Limits for Life to a New Dimension: Microbial Growth at Hypergravity; S. Deguchi and K. HorikoshiPART 7: OXYGEN RELATIONSHIPSMicrobial Eukaryotes in Marine Oxygen Minimum Zones; W.D. Orsi and V.P. EdgcombDeep Hypersaline Anoxic Basins as Model Systems for Environmental Selection of Microbial Plankton; A. Stock et al.Microbial Eukaryotes in Hypersaline Anoxic Deep Sea Basins; V.P. Edgcomb and W.D. OrsiLife at High Salt and Low Oxygen: How Do the Halobacteriaceae Cope with Low Oxygen Concentrations in their Environment?; A. OrenPART 8: SELECTED ORGANISMSNiches and Adaptations of Polyextremotolerant Black Fungi; M. Grube et al.Polyextremophilic Photoautotrophic Eukaryotic Algae; W. Reisser Extremophilic Magnetotactic Bacteria; C.T. Lefèvre and D. A. BazylinskiMulticellular Extremophiles – The Case of the Tardigrades; D. Schulze-Makuch and J. SeckbachPART 9: FINAL COMMENTSPolyextremophiles - Summary and Conclusions; J. Chela FloresErratumOrganism IndexSubject IndexAuthor Index

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Book SynopsisOncothermia is the next generation medical innovation that delivers selective, controlled and deep energy for cancer treatment. The basic principles for oncothermia stem from oncological hyperthermia, the oldest approach to treating cancer. Nevertheless, hyperthermia has been wrought with significant controversy, mostly stemming from shortcomings of controlled energy delivery. Oncothermia has been able to overcome these insufficiencies and prove to be a controlled, safe and efficacious treatment option. This book is the first attempt to elucidate the theory and practice of oncothermia, based on rigorous mathematical and biophysical analysis, not centered on the temperature increase. It is supported by numerous in-vitro and in-vivo findings and twenty years of clinical experience. This book will help scientists, researchers and medical practitioners in understanding the scientific and conceptual underpinnings of oncothermia and will add another valuable tool in the fight against cancer. Professor Andras Szasz is the inventor of oncothermia and the Head of St Istvan University's Biotechnics Department in Hungary. He has published over 300 papers and lectured at various universities around the world. Dr. Oliver Szasz is the managing director of Oncotherm, the global manufacturer and distributor of medical devices for cancer treatment used in Europe & Asia since the late 1980s. Dr. Nora Szasz is currently a management consultant in healthcare for McKinsey & Co. Table of ContentsOBJECTIVE OF THE BOOK 1. ONCOLOGY – TREATMENTS AND THEIR LIMITS 1.1. CANCER – SHORT HISTORY AND EFFORTS TO CURE 1.1.1. Historical notes 1.1.2. The “war” against cancer 1.2. PARADIGM AND CHALLENGES OF ONCOTHERAPIES 1.3. LIMITATIONS OF ONCOTHERAPIES – QUEST FOR STEPS FORWARD 1.3.1. Medical challenge of oncotherapies 1.3.2. Ethical challenge of oncotherapies 1.3.3. Evaluation challenge of the results 2. HYPERTHERMIA RESULTS AND CHALLENGES 2.1. HYPERTHERMIA APPROACH 2.1.1. Definition of hyperthermia in oncology 2.1.2. Basic concepts of oncological hyperthermia 2.1.3. Technical variations of hyperthermia in oncology 2.2. EFFECTS OF HYPERTHERMIA 2.2.1. Higher baseline temperature 2.2.2. Vascular changes 2.2.3. Cellular membrane changes 2.2.4. Lactic acid formation 2.2.5. ATP depletion 2.2.6. Altered DNA replication 2.2.7. Enhanced immune reaction 2.2.8. Pain reduction 2.2.9. Selective gain of the heat-resistance 2.3. CLINICAL ONCOLOGICAL HYPERTHERMIA 2.3.1. Local and whole-body heating 2.3.2. Hyperthemia as a complementary method 2.4. HYPERTHERMIA SUCCESSES 2.4.1. Brain tumor treatments by hyperthermia 2.4.2. Pancreas tumor treatment by hyperthermia 2.4.3. Lung and bronchus 2.4.4. Hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic tumors of liver 2.4.5. Colo-rectal tumors 2.4.6. Esophagus 2.4.7. Head and neck localizations 2.4.8. Gastric tumors 2.4.9. Breast tumors 2.4.10. Other localizations treated by hyperthermia 2.5. HYPERTHERMIA CHALLENGES IN ONCOLOGY 2.5.1. Challenge of selection and focus 2.5.2. Challenge of temperature 2.5.3. Medical challenges of hyperthermia in oncology 2.5.4. Challenge on quality control and dosimetry of hyperthermia 2.5.5. What we expect? 2.5.6. Possible solution: oncothermia 3. THERMO-BIO-PHYSICS 3.1. FACTORS OF PHYSIOLOGY HEATING 3.2. BIOTHERMODYNAMICS 3.2.1. Energy, heat and temperature 3.2.2. Energy of the chemical bonds and reactions 3.2.3. Energy sources and driving forces 3.2.4. Energy and structure 3.2.5. Energetics of malignant cells 3.2.6. “Non-thermal” effects – thermodynamial approach 3.3. BIOELECTRODYNAMICS 3.3.1. Basic interactions 3.3.2. The bioimpedance 3.3.3. “Nonthermal effects” – electrodynamical appraoch 3.3.4. “Non-thermal effects” – approach of electric currents 3.3.5. Membrane effects 3.3.6. Stochastic processes 3.3.7. Noises and signals 3.3.8. Resonances 3.3.9. Modulation-demodulation 3.3.10. Special field-effects of bio-systems 4. ONCOTHERMIA – NEW KIND OF ONCOLOGIC HYPERTHERMIA 4.1. ONCOTHERMIA CHARACTERISTICS 4.1.1. Electro Cancer Therapy (ECT) 4.1.2. Concept of oncothermia 4.1.3. Pennes equation revised 4.1.4. Thermal limit problem 4.1.5. Energy-transfer through the body surface 4.1.6. Penetration depth 4.1.7. Arrangement of electrodes 4.1.8. Far from equilibrium 4.1.9. Energy intake and temperature 4.1.10. Macroscopic focusing on the tumor 4.1.11. Heating the extracellular electrolyte 4.1.12. Temperature gradient and heat-flow on the membrane 4.1.13. Changes of the membrane potential 4.1.14. Membrane damage by constrained ion-currents 4.1.15. Effect on cell-cell connections 4.1.16. Oncotherm comparison 4.2. ONCOTHERMIA TREATMENT GUIDELINES 4.2.1. Treatment planning 4.2.2. Treatment consensus 4.3. COMPLEMENTARY APPLICATIONS 4.3.1. Complementary to radiotherapy 4.3.2. Complementary to chemotherapy 4.3.3. Clinical toxicity, safety 4.4. ONCOTHERMIA CASE REPORTS 4.4.1. Near eye treatments 4.4.2. Brain cases 4.4.3. Gynecology cases 4.4.4. Gastrointestinal cases 4.4.5. Pulmonary cases 4.4.6. Other cases 4.5. EVALUATION OF ONCOTHERMIA STUDIES 4.5.1. Evaluation conditions 4.5.2. Evaluation methods 4.6. GENERAL OVERVIEW ON A LARGE PATIENT’S POOL 4.7. BRAIN STUDIES 4.7.1. Brain safety study (Phase I) 4.7.2. Brain efficacy study (Phase II) 4.7.3. Hungarian brain glioma study 4.7.4. Small prospective, double arm brain glioma study 4.7.5. Study of brain gliomas with local clinical responses 4.7.6. Brain glioma study with relapses 4.7.7. Bicentral brain glioma study 4.7.8. Oncothermia for heavy pre-treated & relapsed brain gliomas 4.7.9. Study of metastatic brain tumors 4.7.10. Comparison of oncothermia brain studies 4.8. PANCREAS STUDIES 4.8.1. Pancreas efficacy study I. 4.8.2. Pancreas efficacy study II. (HTT) 4.8.3. Additional historical control to HTT pancreas study 4.8.4. Comparison of pancreas efficacy studies I. & II. 4.8.5. Pancreas efficacy study III. 4.8.6. Pancreas efficacy study IV. 4.8.7. Other oncothermia pancreas studies and their comparison 4.9. LUNG STUDIES 4.9.1. Oncothermia lung study I. 4.9.2. Oncothermia lung study II. 4.9.3. Meta-analysis of oncothermia lung studies 4.9.4. Compare to historical control 4.10. LIVER STUDIES 4.10.1. Study of liver metastases colorectal origine 4.10.2. Study of advanced liver metastases colorectal origine II. 4.10.3. Comparison study of treatment lines of colorectal liver metastases 4.10.4. Study of platinum derivatives with oncothermia for liver metastases from colorectal origine 4.10.5. Study of liver metastases rectal origine 4.10.6. Study of liver metastases various origine 4.10.7. Study of far advanced liver metastases various origines. Comparison of complementary therapies 4.11. COMPARISON OF STUDIES OF LIVER METASTASES 4.12. GYNECOLOGICAL (PELVIC) CANCER STUDY 4.12.1. Ovary study 4.12.2. Uterine corpus cancer 4.12.3. Uterine cervix 4.12.4. Comparison of oncothermia in pelvic gynecology 4.13. BREAST STUDY 4.14. ESOPHAGUS STUDY 4.14.1. Esophagus study I. 4.14.2. Esophagus study II. 4.15. STOMACH STUDY 4.16. COLO-RECTAL STUDIES 4.16.1. Preoperative oncothermia for rectum carcinoma 4.16.2. Colorectal carcinoma study 4.17. BONE STUDIES 4.17.1. Refractory bone metastases complementary to radiotherapy 4.17.2. Advanced bone metastases monotherapy 4.17.3. Osteosarcoma study 4.18. KIDNEY STUDY 4.19. HEAD AND NECK STUDY 4.20. URINARY BLADDER MALIGNANCIES 4.21. SOFT-TISSUE MALIGNANCIES 4.22. PROSTATE STUDY 4.23. ONCOTHERMIA PERSPECTIVES APPENDIX 1 ENTROPY AND TEMPERATURE APPENDIX 2 THERMODYNAMICS – ONSAGER’S RELATION APPENDIX 3 SELF-SIMILARITY AND BIOSCALING APPENDIX 4 ENERGY SUPPLY BY DEMANDS APPENDIX 5 ONCOGENIC GROWTH APPENDIX 6 BASIC BIOELECTROMAGNETICS APPENDIX 7 BIOIMPEDANCE OF CELLS & TISSUES APPENDIX 8 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS APPENDIX 9 DIRECT CURRENT APPLICATIONS APPENDIX 10 DEVELOPMENT OF EDEMA APPENDIX 11 WARBURG-IMPEDANCE APPENDIX 12 CELL-MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY APPENDIX 13 STOCHASTIC PROCESSES – PINK-NOISE APPENDIX 14 AUTOCORRELATION APPENDIX 15 DISSIPATIVE SYSTEMS APPENDIX 16 STOCHASTIC RESONANCE APPENDIX 17 RESONANCE OF ENZYMATIC REACTIONS APPENDIX 18 DEMODULATION BY STOCHASTIC RESONANCE APPENDIX 19 NON-LINEAR EFFECTS OF ENERGY-FLOW APPENDIX 20 PRINCIPLE OF MINIMAL ENERGY-DISPERSION APPENDIX 21 CHARGE-INHOMOGENETIES APPENDIX 22 PENNES’ EQUATION APPENDIX 23 PENNES’ EQUATION IS REVISED APPENDIX 24 SELF-FOCUSING APPENDIX 25 DYNAMISM OF TEMPERATURE ON THE MEMBRANE APPENDIX 26 CHANGES OF THE MEMBRANE-POTENTIAL APPENDIX 27 MEMBRANE DAMAGE BY INCREASING PRESSURE APPENDIX 28 DYNAMICS OF ADHERENT BONDS APPENDIX 29 MODULATION EFFECT APPENDIX 30 COMPONENTS OF CELL-DESTRUCTION APPENDIX 31 EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS IN VITRO APPENDIX 32 EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS IN VIVO APPENDIX 33 CONSIDERATIONS FOR EXPERIMENTAL SETUP IN VIVO APPENDIX 34 VALIDATION OF MORPHOLOGIC EVALUATION APPENDIX 35 EVALUATION OF SURVIVAL STUDY WITH SINGLE ARM 5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 6. REFERENCES

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Book SynopsisThis book comprehensively summarizes the biological mechanisms of coloration and pattern formation of animals at molecular and cellular level, offering up-to-date knowledge derived from remarkable progress in the last 10 years. The brilliant coloration, conspicuous patterns and spectacular color changes displayed by some vertebrates and invertebrates are generally their strategies of the utmost importance for survival. Consists of mainly three parts, starts with introductory chapter, such as Pigments and Pigment Organelles, Developmental Genetics of Pigment Cell Formation, Adult Pigment Patterns, and Color Changes, this book introduces new pigment compounds in addition to classically known pigments and organelles, explains how the generation of multiple types of pigment cell is genetically controlled, describes the mechanisms underlying the zebrafish stripe formation as well as other animals and also summarizes the mechanism of physiological and morphological color changes of teleost, amphibian and cephalopod. Written by experts in the field, this book will be essential reading for graduate students and researchers in biological fields who are interested in pigmentation mechanisms of animals.Table of ContentsPart 1 Pigments and pigment organelles 1 Pigments in insects 2 Melanins in vertebrates 3 Body color expression in birds 4 Pigments in teleosts and their biosynthesis 5 Bioluminescence and Pigments Part 2 Pigment cell and patterned pigmentation 6 Development of melanin-bearing pigment cells in birds and mammals 7 Pigment cell development in teleosts 8 Pigment patterning in teleosts 9 Theoretical studies of pigment pattern formation 10 Evolution of Pigment Pattern Formation in Teleosts 11 Mechanisms of feather structural coloration and pattern formation in birds 12 Mechanism of color pattern formation in insects Part 3 Color changes 13 Physiological and Morphological Color Changes in Teleosts and in Reptiles 14 Color change in cephalopods 15 Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of insect color change towards understanding molecular links

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Book SynopsisThis book illustrates the influence of biomimetics in the field of tissue engineering and drug delivery. These two distinct fields of regenerative medicine have greatly benefited from the concept of biomimetics, which focuses on using or imitating nature to develop materials for improving human lives. The book begins by highlighting the relevance and recent advances in biomimetic biomaterials. An updated and innovative content has been presented in terms of biomimetic systems that are being utilized in controlled delivery and stem cell therapy. Further, the book reviews the role of these materials in enhanced capacity for drug loading, cellular uptake, and controlled release within the target cells. The book includes advanced techniques for characterizing biomimetic biomaterials and highlights their pivotal role in providing three-dimensional templates and synthetic extracellular matrices. Table of ContentsChapter 1. Biomimetics in Biomaterials. – Chapter 1.1. Biomaterials and their need. –Module 1.2. Introduction to Biomimetics. – Chapter 1.3. The need for biomimetic biomaterials. – Chapter 1.4. Most recent advances in the field of biomimetic biomaterials. – Chapter 1.5. Limitations and Future. –Chapter 2_Biomimetics in Tissue engineering. – Chapter 2.1. Tissue engineering. – Chapter 2.2. Biomimetics approach in tissue engineering. – Chapter 2.3. Hydrogels as biomimetic structures. – Chapter 2.4. 3D scaffolds as biomimetic biomaterials. – Chapter 3_Biomimetics in Drug delivery. . – Chapter 3.1. Drug delivery systems. – Chapter 3.2. Biomimetic drug delivery carriers. – Chapter 3.3. Nanomaterials as biomimetic drug delivery systems. – Chapter 3.4. Macrosystems as biomimetic drug depots. – Chapter 4_ Biomineralization as a biomimetics tool. – Chapter 4.1. Biomineralization. – Chapter 4.2. Relevance of Biomineralization as biomimetic matrices. – Chapter 4.3. Methods of introducing mineralization on biomimetic matrices. – Chapter 4.4. Techniques to characterize mineralized biomimetic biomaterials. – Chapter 5_Advanced Techniques to unravel biomimetic biomaterials.

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Book SynopsisThis book describes a standardized method for classifying and reporting invasive endometrial malignancies via direct endometrial sampling. Featuring a wealth of color illustrations, it provides specific diagnostic categories and cytomorphologic criteria to promote uniform and reliable diagnoses. It also describes the history of directly sampled endometrial cytology, reviews the sampling techniques and algorithmic approach, discusses specimen adequacy, and outlines challenges for the future. The Yokohama System for Reporting Endometrial Cytology – Definitions, Criteria and Explanatory Notes offers a valuable resource for researchers at clinical cytopathological laboratories around the world whose work involves gynecological cytology, oncology, pathology, and cytopathology. It will also appeal to researchers in the fields of cytotechnology, basic science, pathology and related industries, medical residents and clinicians.Table of Contents1. Endometrial Cytology in Historical Perspective 2. Overview of the Yokohama System for Reporting Endometrial Cytology 3. Pathogenetic Bases of the Yokohama System for Reporting Endometrial Cytology 4. Endometrial Cell Sampling Procedure to Obtain Cytologic Specimens 5. Algorithmic Interpretational and Diagnostic Approach to Endometrial Cytology for the Yokohama System 6. Evaluation of sample Adequacy: Cytologic criteria 7. Processing Methodology of Endometrial Cytology Samples 8. Negative for Malignant Tumors and Precursors: TYS1 9. Endometrial Hyperplasia without Atypia 10. Endometrial Atypical Hyperplasia / Endometrioid Intraepithelial Neoplasia 11. Malignant Neoplasms 12. Endometrial Glandular and Stromal Breakdown (EGBD) as Benign Mimics of Malignancy 13. Atypical Endometrial Cells (ATEC) 14. Cell Block Techniques for Endometrial Cytology Technical Procedures, Role of Immunocytochemistry, Advantages, Applications 15. Molecular Pathology of Endometrial Carcinoma: A general appraisal 16. Molecular Pathology of Endometrial Carcinoma on LBC Samples and Cell Blocks 17. Future Challenges and Perspectives of Endometrial Cytology 18. The Future Direction in Endometrial Oncology Through the Liquid Biopsy

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Book SynopsisThis textbook is for biologists, to conduct quantitative analysis and modeling of biological processes at molecular and cellular levels. Focusing on practical concepts and techniques for everyday research, this text will enable beginners, both students and established biologists, to take the first step in quantitative biology. It also provides step-by-step tutorials to run various sample programs in one’s personal computer using Excel and Python. This volume traces topics, starting with an introductory chapter, such as modeling, construction and execution of numerical models, and key concepts in quantitative biology: feedback regulations, fluctuations and randomness, and statistical analyses. It also provide sample codes with guidance to procedure programming for actual biological processes such as movement of the nucleus within a cell, cell-cycle regulation, stripe pattern formation of skins, and distribution of energy. Written by a leading research scientist who has a background in biology, studied quantitative approaches by himself, and teaches quantitative biology at several universities, this textbook broadens quantitative approaches for biologists who do not have a strong background in mathematics, physics, or computer programming, and helps them progress further in their research.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction to Quantitative Biology.- Chapter 2: Architectonics of the Cell.- Chapter 3: Mechanics of the Cell.- Chapter 4: Implementing Toy Models in Microsoft Excel.- Chapter 5: Implementing Toy Models in Python.- Chapter 6: Differential Equations to Describe Temporal Changes.- Chapter 7: Diversity of the Cell.- Chapter 8: Randomness, diffusion, and probability.- Chapter 9: Self-Organization of the Cell.- Chapter 10: Modeling feedback regulations Chapter 11: Development of the Cell over Time (Perspectives).

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