Description
Book SynopsisPlant Cells and Their Organelles provides a comprehensive overview of the structure and function of plant organelles. The text focuses on subcellular organelles while also providing relevant background on plant cells, tissues and organs.
Table of ContentsContributors ix
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xii
1 An introduction to cells and their organelles 1
William V. Dashek
Cells 1
Cell organelles – an introduction 6
Ion channels 10
Proton pumps 14
Water channels 14
Carriers 15
Cell death 17
References 18
Further reading 24
2 Isolation and characterization of subcellular organelles from plant cells 25
Milee Agarwal, P. Desai, and Harish Padh
Isolation of subcellular organelles 26
Identification and characterization of isolated organelles 33
Summary 39
References 39
Further reading 41
3 Endoplasmic reticulum 42
William V. Dashek
Structure 42
Chemical composition 42
Biogenesis 45
Functions 45
Posttranslational events 49
Inhibitors 53
In vitro protein synthesis 54
Other functions 54
References 54
Further reading 60
4 The Golgi apparatus 61
D. Davis, T.E. Wilkop, and Georgia Drakakaki
The Golgi apparatus 61
Plant Golgi introduction 66
Structure and organization 69
Golgi‐mediated vesicular trafficking 71
Plant Golgi‐dependent cellular processes 74
Imaging and visualization 76
Isolation and analysis 78
Golgi genetics and genomics 81
Significance 84
Acknowledgment 85
References 85
Further reading 87
5 Microbodies 88
Robert Donaldson
Introducing peroxisomes 88
Leaf peroxisomes 89
Peroxisomes in oil seeds and pollen 91
References 107
Further reading 109
6 Microtubules, intermediate filaments, and actin filaments 110
William V. Dashek
Microtubules 110
Intermediate filaments 113
Actin filaments (microfilaments) 116
References 119
Further reading 124
7 The mitochondrion 125
Ray J. Rose, Terence W.‐Y. Tiew, and William V. Dashek
Structure and dynamics 125
The mitochondrial genome 128
Comparison of the mitochondrial genome with chloroplast and nuclear genomes 131
The mitochondrial proteome and protein import 132
Respiratory metabolite transporters 133
The electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation 133
The alternative electron transfer chain in plant mitochondria 139
Plant mitochondria, stress responses and programmed cell death 139
Other functions of plant mitochondria 140
References 144
Further reading 145
8 Nucleus 146
Yogesh Vikal and Dasmeet Kaur
Structural organization of the NE 147
Nuclear pores 152
The nucleolus 157
Chromatin and chromosomes 165
DNA structure 170
DNA replication 173
RNA structure, function, and synthesis 176
Nucleocytoplasmic transport, nuclear import, and nuclear export 183
The dynamics of NE biogenesis during mitosis 188
The dynamics of nuclear pore complex biogenesis 196
Cell cycle control 200
Summary 205
References 206
Further reading 207
9 Plant cell walls 209
James E. Bidlack and William V. Dashek
Introduction 209
Structure 209
Biosynthesis 216
Chemical composition 217
Biogenesis 222
Function 225
References 231
Further reading 238
10 Plastid structure and genomics 239
Gurbachan S. Miglani
Plastid structure 239
Different forms of plastids 240
Plastid stromules 248
Chlorophyll biosynthesis 248
Plastid genomics 250
Sequenced plastomes 253
Promiscuous DNA 258
Plastid genome organization 260
Plastid gene organization, expression, and regulation 265
Systems biology approach in understanding chloroplast development 269
Chloroplast genetic engineering 284
Recent trends in chloroplast research 289
Summary 293
References 294
Further reading 299
11 Photosynthesis 300
J. Kenneth Hoober
Introduction 300
Evolution of photosynthesis 301
Development of the chloroplast 310
Absorption of light energy 317
Generation of end products 324
Distribution of the photosystems in thylakoid membranes 329
Photoinhibition: damage and repair of the PS II reaction center 332
Protection of PS II by carotenoids 332
Incorporation of carbon as CO2 into carbohydrate 334
End products of carbon assimilation 346
Conclusions for the reactions of photosynthesis 348
References 348
Further reading 350
12 Vacuoles and protein bodies 351
William V. Dashek and Amy M. Clore
Vacuoles 351
PBs and other protein storage compartments 359
References 365
Further reading 370
13 Systems biology in plant cells and their organelles 371
Rajdeep Kaur Grewal, Saptarshi Sinha, and Soumen Roy
Systems biology—“omics” 371
Genomics 373
Lipidomics 378
Metabolomics 380
Proteomics 382
Transcriptomics 384
Synthetic biology 386
Acknowledgments 388
References 389
Further reading 391
Appendix A 392
Appendix B 400
Appendix C 403
Index 407
