Biology, life sciences Books

Book SynopsisHow viruses emerge to cause pandemics, how our immune system combats them, and how diagnostic tests, vaccines, and antiviral therapies work.Throughout history, humans have contended with pandemics. History is replete with references to plagues, pestilence, and contagion, but the devastation wrought by pandemics had been largely forgotten by the twenty-first century. Now, the enormous human and economic toll of the rapidly spreading COVID-19 disease offers a vivid reminder that infectious disease pandemics are one of the greatest existential threats to humanity. This book provides an accessible explanation of how viruses emerge to cause pandemics, how our immune system combats them, and how diagnostic tests, vaccines, and antiviral therapies work-- concepts that are a foundation for our public health policies.

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Book SynopsisAn Easier and Better Way to Learn Biology.The Biology Coloring Workbook, 2nd Edition uses the act of coloring to provide you with a clear and concise understanding of biological structures. Learning interactively through coloring fixes biological concepts in the mind and promotes quick recall on exams. It's a less frustrating, more efficient way to learn than rote memorization from textbooks or lecture notes!An invaluable resource for students of biology, anatomy, nursing & nutrition, medicine, physiology, psychology, art, and more, the Biology Coloring Workbook includes:• 156 detailed coloring plates with clear and precise artwork• Comprehensive, thorough explanations of each of the depicted topics• Coloring suggestions for each lesson, with labels for easy identification and reference• New sections with memorization techniques, helpful charts, and quick reference

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Book SynopsisWritten by professionals working in the leading research laboratories, Human Embryonic Stem Cells: The Practical Handbook is a valuable, practical guide to deriving and culturing these cells. The book contains the first centralized collection of methods used in human embryonic stem cell biology.Trade Review"A highly readable and useful book … .[It] will help many to navigate the uncharted waters of human embryonic stem cell biology." (The British Society for Cell Biology Newsletter, Autumn, 2008) "[It] is a valuable resource for seasoned and novice researchers; it would make an excellent addition to the reference collection of any medical library or research laboratory." (American Medical Association, September 2008) "...the imaginative solutions in this book can inspire us to get past our most frustrating limitations." (Cell Stem Cell, September 2007) "...the richness in the details of each protocol presented will certainly encourage more scientists to begin studies of Human ES cells..." (Regenerative Medicine, 2007) "In this fast-moving field, this [handbook] will help drive advances of more and more researchers." (Differentiation, 2007) "A highly readable and useful book ... [This book] will help many to navigate the uncharted waters of human embryonic stem cell biology." (British Society for Cell Biology, Autumn, 2008)Table of ContentsForeword. Davor Solter Preface. Section 1: Obtaining and culturing human embryonic stem cells. 1 Organization and good aseptic technique in the human embryonic stem cell laboratory. Minal J Patel, Emma L Stephenson, and Stephen L Minger 2 Sourcing human embryonic stem cell lines. Glyn Stacey 3 Human embryo culture for human embryonic stem cell derivation. R. Douglas Powers and Jeannine Witmyer 4 Derivation of human embryonic stem cell lines. Stephen Sullivan, Dieter Egli, Hidenori Akutsu, Douglas A. Melton, Kevin Eggan and Chad A. Cowan 5 Standard culture of human embryonic stem cells. Jeremy M. Crook, Rachel Horne, and Alan Colman 6 Culture of human embryonic stem cells in chemically defined conditions. Julie Hsu Clark and Sheng Ding Section 2: Characterization of undifferentiated embryonic stem cells. 7 Phenotypic analysis of human embryonic stem cells. Jonathan S. Draper, Cheryle A. Séguin and Peter W. Andrews 8 Genetic and epigenetic analysis of human embryonic stem cells. Laurie A. Boyer, Rudolf Jaenisch, and Maisam Mitalipova Section 3: Manipulation of human embryonic stem cells. 9 In vivo differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. Scott A. Noggle, Francesca M. Spagnoli, Ali H. Brivanlou 10 In vitro differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. A. Henry Sathananthan and Alan Trounson 11 Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into extraembryonic cell types. Cheryle A. Séguin and Jonathan S. Draper 12 Directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into: (a) Early endoderm cells. Kenji Osafune, Alice E. Chen and Douglas A. Melton (b) Hepatic cells. Neta Lavon and Nissim Benvenisty (c) Pancreatic cells. Hiram Chipperfield 13 Directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into: (a) Cardiomyocytes. Christine Mummery, Robert Passier and Chris Denning (b) Endothelial cells. Carrie Soukup, Shulamit Levenberg and Ondine Cleaver (c) Osteogenic cells. Jeffrey M. Karp, Alborz Mahdavi, Lino S. Ferreira, Ali Khademhosseini and Robert Langer (d) Hematopoietic in vivo repopulating cells. Shannon McKinney-Freeman, Thorsten M. Schlaeger and George Q. Daley (e) Lymphocytes. Petter S. Woll and Dan S. Kaufman (f) Myeloid cells. Chantal Cerdan and Mickie Bhatia 14 Directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into: (a) Forebrain neurons. Emily A. Davis and Lawrence S.B. Goldstein (b) Dopaminergic neuron. Jan Pruszak and Ole Isacson (c) Spinal motor neurons. Bao-Yang Hu and Su-Chun Zhang 15 (a) Gene targeting: knock out and knock in by homologous recombination. Thomas P. Zwaka (b) RNA interference in human embryonic stem cells. M. William Lensch, Asmin Tulpule and Holm Zaehres (c) Generation of gene reporters using bacterial artificial chromosome recombineering. Andrew J. Washkowitz and David A. Shaywitz Afterword. Azim Surani Index.

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Book SynopsisEdited by the winner of the 2008 Mike Price Fellowship The Cancer Clock is a comprehensive overview of cancer as a single topic and provides an all-encompassing account of the key aspects related to the disease from its causes and initial diagnosis through to treatment and care and the different support mechanisms available.Table of ContentsPreface. List of Contributors. 1. Socioeconomic and molecular basis of cancer (David E. G. Shuker). 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Diet and cancer. 1.3 Alcohol and cancer. 1.4 Tobacco and cancer. 1.5 Conclusions. 1.6 Self-assessment questions. 1.7 Further reading and resources. 2. Metal ions and Cancer (J. Anastassopoulou and A. Dovas). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Metal–DNA interactions. 2.3 Uranium–nucleotide interaction. 2.4 Toxicity and biological roles of copper. 2.5 Formation of free radicals by metal ions. 2.6 Radiolysis. 2.7 Biomolecular targets of free radicals. 2.8 Free radicals and metal ions in cancer. 2.9 Conclusions. 2.10 Self-assessment questions. 2.11 Further reading and resources. 3. Genetics and cancer (Sotiris Missailidis). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Genes and cancer. 3.3 Genomics. 3.3.1 Comparative genomics. 3.3.2 Oncogenomics. 3.3.3 Nutrigenomics. 3.4 Summary. 3.5 Self-assessment questions. 3.6 Further reading and resources. 4. Infection and cancer (Toni Aebischer and Thomas Rudel). 4.1 Viral infection as a cause of cancer. 4.1.1 Introduction. 4.1.2 Principles of oncogenic transformation by virus infection. 4.1.3 Human pathogenic viruses causing cancer. 4.2 Bacterial infection as a cause of cancer. 4.2.1 Introduction. 4.2.2 Bacterial infection causing malignancies: examples and evidence. 4.2.3 Common molecular machines linked to pathogenesis: Type 3 and 4 secretion systems. 4.2.4 Other bacterial effects potentially contributing to cancer. 4.2.5 Anti-infection strategies to prevent infection related cancer. 4.3 Summary. 4.4 Self-assessment questions. 4.5 Further reading and resources. 5. Inflammation and cancer (Nigel Courtenay-Luck). 5.1 Introduction. 5.1.1 Acute inflammation. 5.1.2 Chronic inflammation. 5.2 Acute inflammation. 5.2.1 Mediators of acute inflammation. 5.3 Chronic inflammation. 5.4 Drugs used in inflammation and cancer. 5.4.1 COX-2 inhibitors. 5.4.2 Antihypertensive drugs. 5.5 Evidence for a molecular link between inflammation and cancer. 5.6 Clinical relationship between inflammatory disease and cancer. 5.6.1 Inflammatory bowel disease. 5.6.2 Prostate cancer. 5.7 Discussion. 5.8 Self-assessment questions. 5.9 Further reading and resources. 6. Cancer diagnosis (Anna Batistatou and Konstantinos Charalabopoulos). 6.1 Blood tests for tumour markers. 6.1.1 Established and novel tumour markers in serum. 6.1.2 Various types of tumour markers in use. 6.2 Urine tests for tumour markers. 6.3 Smear tests and their association with tumour development. 6.4 Histopathology. 6.4.1 Benign tumours. 6.4.2 Malignant tumours. 6.4.3 Features of cancerous cells. 6.4.4 Immunohistochemistry. 6.5 Summary. 6.6 Self-assessment questions. 6.7 Further reading and resources. 7. Tumour imaging and therapy (Alan C Perkins). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 X-ray imaging. 7.2.1 Mammography. 7.2.2 X-ray CT. 7.3 Nuclear medicine. 7.3.1 The gamma camera. 7.3.2 Positron emission tomography. 7.3.3 Intra-operative probes. 7.4 Ultrasound imaging. 7.4.1 Colour doppler imaging. 7.5 Magnetic resonance imaging. 7.6 Radiation therapy. 7.6.1 Therapeutic nuclear medicine. 7.6.2 Brachytherapy. 7.6.3 External beam radiotherapy. 7.7 Conclusions. 7.8 Acknowledgement. 7.9 Self-assessment questions. 7.10 Further reading and resources. 8. Surgery (Bassam Zeina). 8.1 Introduction. 8.1.1 What is surgery? 8.1.2 What is cancer surgery? 8.1.3 Who deals with cancer surgery? 8.1.4 Aims of cancer surgery. 8.2 Cancer surgery as a diagnostic procedure. 8.3 Cancer surgery as a preventive method against cancer. 8.4 Cancer surgery as a treatment or part of the treatment. 8.4.1 Surgery as a primary treatment. 8.4.2 Cancer staging. 8.4.3 Debulking (cytoreductive) surgery. 8.4.4 Palliative surgery (relieving symptoms or side effects). 8.5 Classic/traditional cancer surgery. 8.6 Other common techniques in cancer surgery. 8.6.1 Electrosurgery. 8.6.2 Cryosurgery. 8.6.3 Laser surgery and photo dynamic therapy (PDT). 8.6.4 Mohs’ micrographic surgery. 8.6.5 Laparoscopic surgery. 8.6.6 Image-guided surgery. 8.7 Before and after cancer surgery. 8.7.1 Preparation for the surgery. 8.7.2 Anaesthesia. 8.7.3 Recovery. 8.8 Cancer surgery associated risks. 8.9 Informed consent. 8.10 Summary. 8.11 Self-assessment questions. 8.12 Further reading and resources. 9. Anticancer therapeutics (Teni Boulikas, Nassos Alevizopoulos, Angela Ladopoulou, Maria Belimezi, Alexandros Pantos, Petros Christofis and Michael Roberts). 9.1 Introduction. 9.1.1 Problems in cancer. 9.1.2 Cancer treatments. 9.1.3 Classification of chemotherapy drugs. 9.2 Platinum drugs. 9.2.1 Cisplatin. 9.2.2 LipoplatinTM. 9.2.3 Carboplatin. 9.2.4 Oxaliplatin. 9.2.5 New platinum compounds. 9.3 Antimicrotubule agents. 9.3.1 Taxanes. 9.3.2 Vinca alkaloids. 9.4 Antimetabolites. 9.4.1 5-Fluorouracil. 9.4.2 Xeloda (capecitabine). 9.4.3 Structure of gemcitabine. 9.5 Antitumour antibiotics. 9.5.1 Actinomycin D. 9.5.2 Mitomycin C. 9.5.3 Bleomycin. 9.5.4 Anthracyclines. 9.5.5 Podophyllotoxins. 9.5.6 Camptothecins. 9.6 Alkylating agents. 9.6.1 Cyclophosphamide. 9.6.2 Ifosfamide. 9.6.3 Temozolomide (Temodal). 9.7 Other antitumour agents. 9.7.1 Tamoxifen. 9.8 Combination chemotherapy. 9.9 Growth factor signalling. 9.9.1 Tarceva. 9.9.2 Other signal transduction inhibitors. 9.10 Cell cycling and cancer. 9.11 Apoptosis and cancer. 9.12 Angiogenesis and cancer. 9.13 Cancer immunotherapy. 9.13.1 Monoclonal antibodies as anticancer drugs. 9.13.2 Cancer vaccines. 9.14 Gene therapy. 9.15 RNAi (siRNA). 9.16 Antisense. 9.17 Viruses able to kill cancer cells. 9.18 Aptamers. 9.19 Summary. 9.20 Self-assessment questions. 9.21 Further reading and resources. 10. Palliative care in oncology (Silvana dos Santos Barreto, Mariângela Freitas Lavor, Maria da Glória Nunes dos Santos, Marcelle Miranda da Silva, Benedita Maria Rego Deusdará Rodrigues and Maria Therezinha Nóbrega da Silva). 10.1 Palliative care: concept and brief history. 10.2 Cancer epidemiology and palliative care around the world. 10.3 Bioethics and palliative care. 10.4 Basic principles in palliative care. 10.5 Symptom control in oncology palliative care. 10.5.1 Pain relief in cancer. 10.6 Advanced cancer: related symptoms and interventions. 10.6.1 Fatigue. 10.6.2 Dyspnoea. 10.6.3 Cognitive aspects. 10.6.4 Constipation. 10.6.5 Anorexia. 10.6.6 Nausea and vomiting. 10.6.7 Ulcerated lesions. 10.7 Psycho-spiritual aspects in oncology palliative care. 10.8 Conclusion. 10.9 Self-assessment questions. 10.10 Further reading and resources. 11. Physiotherapy in cancer patients (Mario Bernardo-Filho, Anke Bergmann and ngela Tavares). 11.1 Physiotherapy and oncology. 11.2 The importance of studies about cancer and physiotherapy. 11.3 Possible interventions of the physiotherapist in specific types of cancer. 11.3.1 Breast cancer. 11.3.2 Gynaecological cancers. 11.3.3 Prostate cancer. 11.3.4 Head and neck cancers. 11.3.5 Melanoma and non-melanocytic skin cancers. 11.3.6 Colorectal cancer. 11.3.7 Lung cancer. 11.3.8 Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. 11.4 Physiotherapy, exercise prescription and technology advances. 11.5 Physiotherapy and palliative care in oncology. 11.6 Physiotherapy in the actions, community expectations and quality of life in oncology. 11.7 Self-assessment questions. 11.8 Further reading and resources. 12. Psychosocial oncology (Ian J. McCubbin and Craig A. White). 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 Cancer and psychological distress. 12.3 Assessment process. 12.3.1 Integrating sources of information. 12.3.2 Using diaries for assessment. 12.4 Formulation. 12.5 Psychological interventions. 12.5.1 Processes targeted in psychological interventions. 12.5.2 Specific treatment modalities. 12.6 Does psychological intervention influence survival? 12.7 Summary. 12.8 Self-assessment questions. 12.9 Further reading and resources. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe single comprehensive treatment of the field, from the leading members of the Society of Ethnobiology The field of ethnobiology the study of relationships between particular ethnic groups and their native plants and animals has grown very rapidly in recent years, spawning numerous subfields.Trade Review"In general, in spite of some overlapping information among the chapters, this volume is well presented and provides the essential background and the research base that reveals the advancement of ethnobiology and its future as a multidisciplinary science and is a highly recommended guide for coursework." (ASBS Newsletter, 1 March 2012) "The text is clearly and concisely written and supported by numerous photographs and illustrations." (Book News, 1 October 2011) "Featured are clear, distinctive treatments of areas such as ethnozoology, linguistic ethnobiology, traditional education, ethnoecology, and indigenous perspectives." (Environment Guru, 29 September 2011) “It is a book well worth reading, and it may be one of several options in undergraduate courses in the relevant fields.” (Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 6 August 2012) Table of ContentsList of Contributors vii Acknowledgments ix 1. Ethnobiology: Overview of a Growing Field 1 2. History of Ethnobiology 15 3. Ethics in Ethnobiology: History, International Law and Policy, and Contemporary Issues 27 4. From Researcher to Partner: Ethical Challenges and Issues Facing the Ethnobiological Researcher 51 5. The World According to Is’a: Combining Empiricism and Spiritual Understanding in Indigenous Ways of Knowing 65 6. Ethnozoology 83 7. Ethnobiology, Historical Ecology, the Archaeofaunal Record, and Interpreting Human Landscapes 97 8. Ethnobiology as a Bridge between Science and Ethics: An Applied Paleozoological Perspective 115 9. Ethnobotany: The Study of People–Plant Relationships 133 10. Reconstructing Past Life-Ways with Plants I: Subsistence and Other Daily Needs 149 11. Reconstructing Past Life-Ways with Plants II: Human– Environment and Human– Human Interactions 173 12. History and Current Trends of Ethnobiological Research in Europe 189 13. Ethnomycology: Fungi and Mushrooms in Cultural Entanglements 213 14. Ethnoecological Approaches to Integrating Theory and Method in Ethnomedical Research 231 15. Assessments of Indigenous Peoples’ Traditional Food and Nutrition Systems 249 16. Ethnoecology and Landscapes 267 17. Traditional Resource and Environmental Management 285 18. Ethnobiology and Agroecology 305 19. Linguistic Ethnobiology 319 20. Cognitive Studies in Ethnobiology: What Can We Learn About the Mind as Well as Human Environmental Interaction? 335 21. The Symbolic Uses of Plants 351 22. Learning Ethnobiology: Creating Knowledge and Skills about the Living World 371 Index 389

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Book SynopsisPollutants, Human Health and the Environment is a comprehensive, up-to-date overview of environmental pollutants that are of current concern to human health. Clearly structured throughout, the main body of the book is divided by pollutant type with a chapter devoted to each group of pollutants.Trade Review“Overall, the book offers a well-rounded overview of the complex and rapidly changing field of environmental toxicology. It will be of interest to anyone studying or working in the broad fields of health, safety and environmental science and of immense value to scientists or professionals involved in influencing environmental and public health policy.” (Occupational Medicine, 8 December 2013) “Overall, this book is valuable to the field of cancer disparity research and will be a good addition to any library, particularly those that cater to the disadvantaged members of the US population.” (Perspectives in Public Health, 6 July 2013) “This book provides a balanced view of the risks and benefits of several groups of substances such as essential, toxic, trace and radioactive elements; synthetic organic agricultural and industrial chemicals and pharmaceuticals; and particulates and nano-materials . . . The chapters may be useful as guidelines for the management of risk. The book will be quite useful for a wide spectrum of readership across the world.” (Environment & Ecology, 1 October 2012) “The book is clearly written, includes extensive references, and is well-illustrated.” (Book News, 1 April 2012)Table of ContentsForewords xi Tribute xiii The Editors xv Contributors xvii Acknowledgements xix Introduction 1 Jane A. Plant, Nikolaos Voulvoulis and K. Vala Ragnarsdottir 1 The scientific appraisal of hazardous substances in the environment 5 Olwenn V. Martin and Jane A. Plant 1.1 Introduction 5 1.2 Fundamental concepts of toxicology 5 1.3 Some notions of environmental epidemiology 13 1.4 Scientific evidence and the precautionary principle 19 1.5 Uncertainty and controversy: the endocrine disruption example 20 1.6 Concluding remarks 23 References 23 2 Regulatory systems and guidelines for the management of risk 27 Dieudonne-Guy Ohandja, Sally Donovan, Pamela Castle, Nikolaos Voulvoulis and Jane A. Plant 2.1 Introduction 27 2.2 Current regulation on chemicals 28 2.3 Guideline values 34 2.4 Conclusions and recommendations 47 References 47 3 Essential and beneficial trace elements 53 Xiyu Phoon, E. Louise Ander and Jane A. Plant 3.1 Introduction 53 3.2 Hazardous properties 56 3.3 Sources 59 3.4 Environmental pathways 63 3.5 Effects on human receptors 68 3.6 Risk reduction 77 References 79 4 Toxic trace elements 87 Jilang Pan, Ho-Sik Chon, Mark R. Cave, Christopher J. Oates and Jane A. Plant 4.1 Introduction 87 4.2 Hazardous properties 89 4.3 Sources 90 4.4 Environmental pathways 94 4.5 Effects on human receptors 101 4.6 Risk reduction 107 References 108 5 Radioactivity and radioelements 115 Jane A. Plant, Barry Smith, Xiyu Phoon and K. Vala Ragnarsdottir 5.1 Introduction 115 5.2 Hazardous properties 122 5.3 Sources 125 5.4 Environmental pathways 132 5.5 Bioaccessibility and bioavailability 136 5.6 Risk reduction 139 References 141 6 Industrial chemicals 147 Danelle Dhaniram, Alexandra Collins, Khareen Singh and Nikolaos Voulvoulis 6.1 Introduction 147 6.2 Hazardous properties 148 6.3 Sources 156 6.4 Environmental pathways 161 6.5 Human health 164 6.6 Risk reduction and future trends 170 References 172 7 Agricultural pesticides and chemical fertilisers 181 Rebecca McKinlay, Jason Dassyne, Mustafa B. A. Djamgoz, Jane A. Plant and Nikolaos Voulvoulis 7.1 Introduction 181 7.2 Pesticides 183 7.3 Fertilisers 195 7.4 Risk reduction for pesticides and chemical fertilisers 197 References 199 8 Pharmaceuticals and personal-care products 207 James Treadgold, Qin-Tao Liu, Jane A. Plant and Nikolaos Voulvoulis 8.1 Introduction 207 8.2 Hazardous properties 208 8.3 Anthropogenic sources 210 8.4 Pathways and environmental fate 215 8.5 Physiological effects 218 8.6 Risk assessment, communication and reduction 219 8.7 Future trends 220 References 221 9 Naturally occurring oestrogens 229 Olwenn V. Martin and Richard M. Evans 9.1 Introduction 229 9.2 Hazardous properties 231 9.3 Sources 240 9.4 Environmental pathways 241 9.5 Effects on humans 243 9.6 Risk reduction 248 References 249 10 Airborne particles 255 Edward Derbyshire, Claire J. Horwell, Timothy P. Jones and Teresa D. Tetley 10.1 Introduction 255 10.2 Hazardous properties 257 10.3 Sources 261 10.4 Global pathways 266 10.5 Health effects of inhaled particulate material 270 10.6 Risk reduction and future trends 277 References 281 11 Engineered nanomaterials 287 Superb K. Misra, Teresa D. Tetley, Andrew Thorley, Aldo R. Boccaccini and Eugenia Valsami-Jones 11.1 Introduction 287 11.2 Useful and hazardous properties 289 11.3 Sources of NPs 299 11.4 Environmental pathways 300 11.5 Regulation and effects on human receptors 301 11.6 Future trends and risk reduction 312 References 313 Conclusions: pollutants, risk and society 319 Richard Owen, Jane A. Plant, K. Vala Ragnarsdottir and Nikolaos Voulvoulis Index 327

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Book SynopsisThe astounding diversity of the immune system and the complexity of its regulatory pathways makes immunology a combinatorial science. Computational analysis has therefore become an essential element of immunology research and this has led to the creation of the emerging field of immunoinformatics. This book is the first to feature thorough coverage of this new field. Immunoinformatics facilitates the understanding of immune function by modelling the interactions among immunological components. Biological research provides ever deeper insights into the complexity of living organisms while computer science provides an effective means to store and analyse large volumes of complex data. Combining the two fields increases the efficiency of biological research and offers the potential for major advances in the study of biological systems. This book encompasses key developments in immunoinformatics, including immunological databases, sequence analysis, structure modelling, mathematiTable of ContentsChair's Introduction (H. Rammensee). Immunoinformatics - the new kid in town (V. Brusic & N. Petrovsky). The fututre of computational modelling and prediction systems in clinical immunology (N. Petrovsky, et al.). Immunoinformatics in personalized medicine (K. Gulukota). From immunome to vaccine: epitope mapping and vaccine design tools (A. De Groot & W. Martin). Insights from MHC-bound peptides (H. Margalit & Y. Altuvia). General discussion I. Computation vaccinology: quanitative approaches (D. Flower, et al). IMGT, the international ImMunoGeneTics information System®, http://imgt.cines.fr (M. Lefranc). Generating data for databases—the peptide repertoire of HLA molecules (S. Stevanovic, et al.). HLA nomenclature and the IMGT/HLA Sequence Database (S. Marsh). From immunogenetics to immunomics: functional prospecting of genes and transcripts (C. Schönbach). Mathematical models of HIV and the immune system (D. Wodarz). General discussion II. Immunogenomics: towards a digital immune system (S. Beck). Viral bioinformatics: computational views of host and pathogen (P. Kellam, et al.). Final general discussion Closing remarks (H. Rammensee). Index of Contributors. Subject Index.

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Book SynopsisThe development and application of bioinformatics tools to basic and translational cancer research is, in fact, a rapidly expanding field that deserves a timely review. Therefore, a publication of this type is needed. The editors have done an excellent job in recruiting well-established scientists to author the various chapters of the book. Dieter Naf, Jackson Laboratory, USA Cancer bioinformatics is now emerging as a new interdisciplinary field, which is facilitating an unprecedented synthesis of knowledge arising from the life and clinical sciences. This groundbreaking title provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account of the enormous range of bioinformatics for cancer therapy development from the laboratory to clinical trials. It functions as a guide to integrated data exploitation and synergistic knowledge discovery, and support the consolidation of the interdisciplinary research community involved.Trade Review"…recommended for purchase for medical, academic or special libraries serving basic or clinical cancer researchers and bioinformaticists." (E-STREAMS, September 2007) "…good reading for anyone entering into some aspect of cancer research, whether it is biological, mathematical, or computational…" (Biometrics, December 2006) "Overall … an excellent and well-edited book that could be read from cover to cover or used as a reference." (British Journal of Healthcare Computing and Information Management, July 2006)Table of ContentsPreface. List of Contributors. SECTION I CANCER SYSTEMS. 1 A Path to Knowledge: from Data to Complex Systems Models of Cancer (Sylvia Nagl). 1.1 Conceptual foundations: biological complexity. 1.2 A taxonomy of cancer complexity. 1.3 Modelling and simulation of cancer systems. 1.4 Data standards and integration. 1.5 Concluding remarks. 2 Theory of Cancer Robustness (Hiroaki Kitano). 2.1 Robustness: the fundamental organizational principle of biological systems. 2.2 Underlying mechanisms for robustness. 2.3 Intrinsic features of robust systems: evolvability and trade-offs. 2.4 Cancer as a robust system. 2.5 Therapy strategies. 2.6 A proper index of treatment efficacy. 2.7 Computational tools. 2.8 Conclusion. 3 Developing an Integrated Informatics Platform for Cancer Research (Richard Begent). 3.1 Background. 3.2 The challenge. 3.3 The UK National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) informatics platform. 3.4 Developing the informatics platform. 3.5 Benefits of the platform. 3.6 Conclusions. SECTION II In silico MODELS. 4 Mathematical Models of Cancer (Manish Patel and Sylvia Nagl). 4.1 Growth models. 4.2 A very brief tour of cellular automata. 4.3 Angiogenesis models. 4.4 Treatment response models. 4.5 Dynamic pathways models. 4.6 Other models. 4.7 Simulations of complex biological systems. 4.8 Concluding remarks. 5 Some Mathematical Modelling Challenges and Approaches in Cancer (Philip Maini and Robert A. Gatenby). 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Multiscale modelling. 5.3 Tumour vascular modelling. 5.4 Population models. 5.5 Conclusion. 6 Computer Simulation of Tumour Response to Therapy (Georgios S. Stamatakos and Nikolaos Uzunoglu). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Tumour growth simulation. 6.3 Radiotherapy response simulation. 6.4 Chemotherapy response simulation. 6.5 Simulation of tumour response to other therapeutic modalities. 6.6 Simulation of normal tissue response to antineoplastic interventions. 6.7 Integration of molecular networks into tumour behaviour simulations. 6.8 Future directions. 7 Structural Bioinformatics in Cancer (Stephen Neidle). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Macromolecular crystallography. 7.3 Molecular modelling. 7.4 Conclusions. SECTION III In vivo MODELS. 8 The Mouse Tumour Biology Database: an Online Resource for Mouse Models of Human Cancer (Carol J. Bult, Debra M. Krupke, Matthew J. Vincent, Theresa Allio, John P. Sundberg, Igor Mikaelian and Janan T. Eppig). 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Background. 8.3 Database content. 8.4 Data acquisition. 8.5 Using the MTB database. 8.6 Connecting the MTB database with related databases. 8.7 Summary. 9 Bioinformatics Approaches to Integrate Cancer Models and Human Cancer Research (Cheryl L. Marks and Sue Dubman). 9.1 Background. 9.2 The MMHCC Informatics at the outset of the programme. 9.3 Initial NCI bioinformatics infrastructure development. 9.4 Future directions for informatics support. 9.5 Summary. SECTION IV DATA. 10 The FAPESP/LICR Human Cancer Genome Project: Perspectives on Integration (Ricardo Brentani, Anamaria A. Camargo, Helena Brentani and Sandro J. De Souza). 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 The FAPESP/LICR Human Cancer Genome Project. 10.3 An integrated view of the tumour transcriptome. 10.4 Summary. 11 Today’s Science, Tomorrow’s Patient: the Pivotal Role of Tissue, Clinical Data and Informatics in Modern Drug Development (Kirstine Knox, Amanda Taylor and David J. Kerr). 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 A new national strategy for the provision of tissue annotated with clinical information to meet current and future needs of academic researchers and industry. 11.3 The NCRI National Cancer Tissue Resource for cancer biology and treatment development. 11.4 A potential future world-class resource integrating research and health service information systems and bioinformatics for cancer diagnosis and treatment. 11.5 A proposed information system architecture that will meet the challenges and deliver the required functionality: an overview. 11.6 Consent and confidentiality: ensuring that the NCTR is embedded in the UK’s legal and ethical framework. 11.7 Concluding remarks: future challenges and opportunities. SECTION V ETHICS. 12 Software Design Ethics for Biomedicine (Don Gotterbarn and Simon Rogerson). 12.1 The problem: software and research. 12.2 Risk identification. 12.3 Biomedical software example. 12.4 Is an ethical risk analysis required? 12.5 Details of SoDIS. 12.6 A SoDIS analysis of the biomedical software example. 12.7 Conclusion. 13 Ethical Issues of Electronic Patient Data and Informatics in Clinical Trial Settings (Dipak Kalra and David Ingram). 13.1 Introduction. 13.2 Ethical aspects of using patient-identifiable health data. 13.3 Legislation and policies pertaining to patient-identifiable health data. 13.4 Using anonymized and pseudonymized data. 13.5 Protecting personal health data. 14 Pharmacogenomics and Cancer: Ethical, Legal and Social Issues (Mary Anderlik Majumder and Mark Rothstein). 14.1 Introduction. 14.2 Getting pharmacogenomic tests and drugs to market. 14.3 Cost and coverage issues. 14.4 Ethical challenges of pharmacogenomics. 14.5 Conclusion. Index

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Book SynopsisOsteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disease associated with joint pain and loss of joint function. It has an estimated incidence of 4 out of every 100 people and significantly reduces the quality of life in affected individuals. The major symptoms are chronic pain, swelling and stiffness; severe, chronic joint pain is often the central factor that causes patients to seek medical attention. Within the affected joint, there is focal degradation and remodelling of articular cartilage, new bone formation (osteophytes) and mild synovitis. Several mechanisms are thought to contribute to osteoarthritic joint pain. These include mild synovial inflammation, bone oedema, ligament stretching, osteophyte formation and cartilage-derived mediators. Changes in joint biomechanics and muscle strength also influence the severity and duration of joint pain in osteoarthritis. Within the nervous system, the relative contributions of peripheral afferent nociceptive fibres and central mechanisms remTable of ContentsChair's Introduction (D. Felson). Spinal mechanisms contributing to joint pain (H. Schaible). Activation of sensory neurons in the arthritic joint (B. Grubb). Neuromuscular aspects of osteoarthritis: a perspective (K. Brandt). Current perspectives on the clinical presentation of joint pain in human osteoarthritis (P. Creamer). Joint mechanics in osteoarthritis (W. Herzog, et al.). General discussion I Developing animal models of RA. Characterization of joint pain in human osteoarthritis (G. Ordeberg). The role of inflammatory mediators on nociception and pain in arthritis (B. Kidd, et al.). Molecular events of chronic pain: from neurone to whole animal in an animal model of osteoarthritis (J. Henry). Phantoms of rheumatology (C. McCabe, et al.). Bone pain and pressure in osteoarthritic joints (P. Simkin). Structural associations of osteoarthritis pain: lessons from magnetic resonance imaging (P. Conaghan & D. Felson). The role of TRP channels in sensory neurons (M. Koltenberg) Mechanisms that generate and maintain bone cancer pain (P. Mantyh & S. Hunt). Symmetry, T cells and neurogenic arthritis (N. Shenker, et al.). Lessons from fibromyalgia: abnormal pain sensitivity in knee ostheoarthritis (L. Bradley, et al.). Chair's summing up (D. Felson). Index of contributors. Subject index.

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Book SynopsisAn accessible introduction to the world of microbesfrom basic microbe biology through industrial applications Microbes affect our lives in a variety of waysplaying an important role in our health, food, agriculture, and environment. While some microbes are beneficial, others are pathogenic or opportunistic. Microbes: Concepts and Applications describes basic microbe biology and identification and shows not only how they operate in the subfields of medicine, biotechnology, environmental science, bioengineering, agriculture, and food science, but how they can be harnessed as a resource. It provides readers with a solid grasp of etiologic agents, pathogenic processes, epidemiology, and the role of microbes as therapeutic agents. Placing a major emphasis on omics technology, the book covers recent developments in the arena of microbes and discusses their role in industry and agriculture, as well as in related fields such as immunology, cell biology, and moleTable of ContentsPREFACE xiii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xv 1 HUMAN AND MICROBIAL WORLD 11.1 Prologue 11.2 Innovations in Microbiology for Human Welfare 11.3 The Microbial World 241.4 Future Challenges: Metagenomics 57 2 GENE TECHNOLOGY: APPLICATIONS AND TECHNIQUES 652.1 Prologue 652.2 Introduction to Gene Technology 652.3 Nucleic Acid Hybridization 752.4 DNA Sequencing 882.5 Polymerase Chain Reaction 992.6 Omics Technology and Microbes 1032.7 Bioinformatics in Microbial Technology 1242.8 Future Challenges: The Biochips 126 3 MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS 1513.1 Prologue 1513.2 Microbial Biology 1523.3 Infection and Immunity 1603.4 Bacterial Pathogens and Associated Diseases 1853.5 Viral Pathogens and Associated Diseases 2093.6 Prions 2273.7 Parasitic Infections 2283.8 Fungal Pathogen 2493.9 Microbial Diagnostics 2533.10 Future Challenges: Promises of Pharmacogenomics 265 4 IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF MICROBES 2754.1 Prologue 2754.2 Principles of Taxonomy 2764.3 Using Phenotypic Characteristics to Identify Microbes 2814.4 Using Genotypic Character to Identify Microbes 2994.5 Characterizing Strain Differences 3064.6 Classification of Microbes on the Basis of Phenotypic Characteristics 3194.7 Classification of Microbes on the Basis of Genotypic Characters 3244.8 Future Challenges: Aptamers for Detection of Pathogens 333 5 DIVERSITY OF MICROORGANISMS 3395.1 Prologue 3395.2 Physiological Diversity of Microorganisms 3395.3 Thriving in Terrestrial Environment 3455.4 Aquatic Environment 3535.5 Animals as Habitat 3645.6 Archaea in Extreme Environments 3685.7 Biogeochemical Cycles 3735.8 Environmental Influence and Control of Microbial Growth 3775.9 Microorganisms and Organic Pollutants 3855.10 Microorganisms and Metal Pollutants 3965.11 Environmentally Transmitted Pathogens 4055.12 Microorganisms as Friends of Man 4535.13 Microbes as a Disastrous Enemy 4685.14 Future Challenges: Microbes in the Space 472 6 MICROBES IN AGRICULTURE 4816.1 Prologue 4816.2 The Soil Plant Microorganisms 4826.3 Root Microbial Interaction 5006.4 Pathogenic Microbes in Agriculture 5086.5 Microbes as a Tool of Genetic Engineering 5356.6 Future Challenges: Functional Genomics Approach for Improvement of Crops 557 7 MICROBES AS A TOOL FOR INDUSTRY AND RESEARCH 5677.1 Prologue 5677.2 Historical Development 5677.3 Clinical Diagnostics in a New Era 5787.4 Industrial Microorganisms and Product Formation 6157.5 Major Industrial Products for Health and Industry 6227.6 Food Diagnostics, Food Preservation, and Foodborne Microbial Diseases 6497.7 Future Challenges: Next Generation Diagnostics Industry 680References 681 INDEX 685

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Book SynopsisMost owls are almost perfectly adapted to life in the dark. This guide covers 19 species of owls occurring in North America. It describes the biology and behavior of owls to make finding and identifying them easier and watching them more enjoyable. It also gives information on how to design, place, and maintain nest boxes.Trade Review"An enormous amount of material packed into this book, which is compact enough to fit nicely into a jacket pocket or backpack... Essential." ChoiceTable of ContentsPreface INTRODUCTION AN OWL'S BODY AN OWL'S LIFE FINDING AND WATCHING OWLS OWLS AND HUMANS SPECIES ACCOUNTS Glossary References Index Additional Captions

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Book SynopsisCan fossil embryos demonstrate evolutionary changes in reproductive modes? How have changes in ocean chemistry in the past affected the development of marine organisms? And, what can the microstructure of fossil bone and teeth reveal about maturation time, longevity and changes in growth phases? This book addresses these and other issues.Trade Review"An original thinker, who can put it all together." Acta Zoologica "A comprehensive summary of cutting-edge evolutionary research in an academically rigorous but refreshingly accessible manner." Developmental Dynamics "A light-hearted ... narrative integrating some of the treasures of paleontology." Evolution & Development "A captivating account of what the fossil record can say about development." Trends In Ecology & Evolution "Recommended." Choice "Sachez explains complex ideas simply and vividly, but also professionally and with no shortcuts... Enriching and stimulating." -- Dmitry A. Ruban, Rostov am Don Palaontologie allgemeinTable of ContentsAcknowledgments Prologue 1. Fossils, Ontogeny, and Phylogeny 2. Evo-Devo, Plasticity, and Modules 3. Fossilized Vertebrate Ontogenies 4. Bones and Teeth under the Microscope 5. Proportions, Growth, and Taxonomy 6. Growth and Diversification Patterns 7. Fossils and Developmental Genetics 8. "Missing Links" and the Evolution of Development 9. Mammalian and Human Development 10. On Trilobites, Shells, and Bugs Epilogue: Is There a Moral to Developmental Paleontology? Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisConsidering the development of life on Earth, the existence of life in extreme environments and the potential for life elsewhere in the Universe, this book gives a fascinating insight into our place in the Universe. Chris Impey leads the reader through the history, from the Copernican revolution to the emergence of the field of astrobiology â the study of life in the cosmos. He examines how life on Earth began, exploring its incredible variety and the extreme environments in which it can survive. Finally, Impey turns his attention to our Solar System and the planets beyond, discussing whether there may be life elsewhere in the Universe. Written in non-technical language, this book is ideal for anyone wanting to know more about astrobiology and how it is changing our views of life and the Universe. An accompanying website available at www.cambridge.org/9780521173841 features podcasts, articles and news stories on astrobiology.Trade Review'Lively, clear and up-to-date overview of astronomy, cosmology, biology and evolution, specifically as related to the search for extraterrestrial life … [Impey] does an impressive job explaining an avalanche of information, including such recent major discoveries as the first planets found orbiting distant stars. A skilful account of the universe, the nature of life and where in the universe life might occur.' Kirkus Reviews'There has been a recent flood of books about astrobiology - the study of life in the universe - but this latest effort by astronomer Chris Impey is one of the best. It provides a solid overview of the diverse research involved … beautifully written.' The New Scientist'Impey has written a wonderfully readable book about the chances of life existing elsewhere in the universe … But The Living Cosmos is not about just that. It is an overview of everything you need to know about the fundamentals, including how we got here and where we're probably going. More important, the science - a word that often causes eyes to glaze over - is laid out with uncommon clarity and panache.' Sara Lippincott, Los Angeles Times'Chris Impey, one of the world's most distinguished astronomers, takes an exhaustive and illuminating look at astrobiology … Consistently engrossing and provocative, and frequently absolutely mind-blowing in its implications, The Living Cosmos is filled with scientific details but it remains accessible to readers without a background in astronomy and science. This book is most highly recommended.' Book Loons Reviews'Impey has clearly done his research thoroughly, and interviewed a great number of the key scientists whilst writing the book … The Living Cosmos is not only comprehensive in its treatment of the great breadth of astrobiology research, but is also beautifully written. Each chapter opens with an engaging account, full of imagery, of the upcoming topic. On the whole, this is a sterling attempt at making astrobiology accessible to a general audience and I enjoyed reading it immensely.' Lewis Dartnell, Astrobiology Society of Great Britain'Chris Impey provides a broad, accessible context for his thoughtful, engaging and up-to-date take on the quest for extra terrestrial life.' Bruce Jakosky, Nature'Chris Impey surveys the state of the art in this exciting multidisciplinary field. Impey frames his book around three questions: How many habitable worlds are there? Is biology unique to the Earth? And are there other intelligent civilizations? Complete with a companion website featuring podcasts, video clips, interviews, news stories and original artwork, The Living Cosmos provides an eloquent summary of humankind's quest for life elsewhere.' Scientific American Book Club'This is a book about a science that is changing our view of the universe and about what life really means and where it might exist. Impey provides us with a road map to the future of astrobiology, a map that is meant to lead us into a deeper understanding of life and man's station in the universe.' National Space Society'5/5 stars: a constantly fascinating read in non-technical language … a superb account of where we currently stand in our quest to find alien life.' Sky at Night'A true popular science book, if its pages don't fire your imagination, nothing will.' Astronomy Now'… a highly entertaining read.' SpaceflightTable of ContentsPreface; 1. The unfinished revolution; 2. Life's origins; 3. Extreme life; 4. Shaping evolution; 5. Living in the Solar System; 6. Distant worlds; 7. Are we alone?; Notes; Glossary; Reading list; Media resources; Illustration credits; Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book, a rare melding of human and animal research and theoretical and empirical science, ventures into the most interesting realms of behavioral biology to examine the intimate role of endocrinology in social relationships.Trade ReviewThe first volume to pull together the emerging field of human behavioral endocrinology as the product of a long evolutionary history exerting subtle influences throughout modern societies. The distinguished and authoritative assemblage of authors share their enthusiasm and leave no doubt that this will be an influential scientific discipline in the years to come. -- Katherine E. Wynne-Edwards, University of Calgary Faculty of Veterinary MedicineThe editors and their authors have produced a definitive and scholarly, yet readable, state-of-the-art presentation of a fascinating and timely topic. This landmark volume is rich in ideas, conclusions, and questions for the future. As the editors point out, we are all being exposed, like it or not, to hormones in the environment and to ads full of claims about the benefits of administering hormones. We need to understand how such hormones might (or might not) be affecting social relationships. Will spraying on some oxytocin make your colleagues like you? Probably not, but reading Endocrinology of Social Relationships produced warm feelings about the ability of good science to illuminate the human condition. -- Elizabeth Adkins-Regan * Science *[This book] is an incredible resource for anyone who has studied or ever wondered about the biological underpinnings of human's (or even non-human's) social interactions...In the past 15 years, there have been many studies published on the topic of hormones' roles in social relationships, but never before has there been one definitive volume that reviews the entire area with such a high degree of accuracy. Given that some developments within this area have been recent, the book represents a formidable effort to collect the modern work into one volume, and as a result, it will serve as a "go-to" text for many years. -- Maryanne Fisher * Evolutionary Psychology *Table of Contents* Introduction: Endocrinology of Social Relationships Peter B. Gray and Peter T. Ellison Part I: Theoretical and Empirical Context * Evolution and Ecological Diversity in Animal Mating and Parenting Systems Phyllis C. Lee * Neuroendocrine Mechanisms Underlying Social Relationships Kim Wallen and Janice Hassett * Social Relationships and Reproductive Ecology Peter T. Ellison * Hormone-Behavior Interrelationships in a Changing Environment John C. Wingfield * The Endocrinology of the Human Adaptive Complex Jane B. Lancaster and Hillard S. Kaplan Part II: Social Relationships among Non-human Animals * The Endocrinology of Social Relationships in Rodents C. Sue Carter, Ericka Boone, Angela J. Grippo, Michael Ruscio, and Karen L. Bales * The Endocrinology of Family Relationships in Bi-Parental Monkeys Toni E. Ziegler and Charles T. Snowdon * Hormonal and Neurochemical Influences on Aggression in Group-Living Monkeys Lynn A. Fairbanks * The Endocrinology of Intersexual Relationships in the Apes Melissa Emery Thompson Part III: Social Relationships Among Humans * Human Sex Differences in Social Relationships: Organizational and Activational Effects of Androgens Matthew H. McIntyre and Carole K. Hooven * The Role of Sex Hormones in the Initiation of Human Mating Relationships James R. Roney * Human Male Testosterone, Pair Bonding and Fatherhood Peter B. Gray and Benjamin C. Campbell * Neurobiology of Human Maternal Care Alison S. Fleming and Andrea Gonzalez * Oxytocin, Vasopressin, and Human Social Behavior Roxanne Sanchez, Jeffrey C. Parkin, Jennie Y. Chen, and Peter B. Gray * Androgens and Diversity in Adult Human Partnering Sari M. van Anders * Early Life Influences on the Ontogeny of Neuroendocrine Stress Response in the Human Child Pablo Nepomnaschy and Mark Flinn * References * Contributors * Index

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Book SynopsisBrings together a comprehensive review of the world's pheasants, partridges, quails, grouse, turkeys, guineafowl, buttonquails, sandgrouse, and the enigmatic Plains-wanderer - over 250 species in all. This book concentrates on detailed identification and distribution, but also highlights conservation issues where relevant.Trade ReviewWinner of the 2002 Best Bird Families Book, Worldtwitch "This entire book must have been a labor of love for its authors... [It] lets one appreciate the great beauty of these birds... This new book satisfies my need to have close at hand a convenient world reference on one of my favorite groups of birds."--Paul A. Johnsgard, BirdingTable of ContentsPreface 7 Systematic List of Species 8 Acknowledgments 15 Introduction 17 Style and Layout of the Book 19 Topography 21 Glossary 23 Colour Plates and Maps 25 Systematic Section 171 Bibliography 483 Index 476

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Book SynopsisDevelops a general theory to explain the facts of island biogeography which builds on the first principles of population ecology and genetics to explain how distance and area combine to regulate the balance between immigration and extinction in island populations.Trade Review"Anyone interested in the history of modern ecology, evolutionary biology, and conservation biology should be aware of the content and impact of this seminal work."--Sharon Kingsland, Journal of the History of BiologyTable of ContentsPreface to the Princeton Landmarks in Biology Edition vii Preface xi Symbols Used xiii 1. The Importance of Islands 3 2. Area and Number of Speicies 8 3. Further Explanations of the Area-Diversity Pattern 19 4. The Strategy of Colonization 68 5. Invasibility and the Variable Niche 94 6. Stepping Stones and Biotic Exchange 123 7. Evolutionary Changes Following Colonization 145 8. Prospect 181 Glossary 185 References 193 Index 201

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Book SynopsisSynthesizes the literature on sex allocation, providing a conceptual framework and demonstrating how sex-allocation studies can answer broader questions in evolutionary and behavioral biology.Trade Review"Understanding mating strategies and the allocation of resources to male versus female reproduction has long been a major goal of evolutionary studies. In this comprehensive synthesis, West makes several important contributions to the field of evolutionary biology... Because the work primarily focuses on how natural selection shapes sex allocation for given sex determination systems, sex allocation is proven an important phenomenon for studying adaptation. This thorough conceptual perspective, blending theory and data, summarizes sex allocation theory and how different areas are applied to different organisms."--Choice "After reading this book, I now have greater confidence in my understanding of where this field stands and where future research would most profitably be directed. This book will unquestionably benefit students and professional scientists who are seeking either a basic introduction to sex allocation biology or a comprehensive sourcebook that integrates the major issues of the field. Additionally, this book would serve as an excellent resource for specialized graduate-level courses in evolutionary biology. Overall, this is an outstanding and comprehensive book that extends beyond the topic of sex allocation and is an essential tool for anyone with a serious interest in behavioral or evolutionary ecology."--Daniel A. Warner, Integrative and Comparative Biology "[T]his book is worth taking the time to read and think about whether you are new to the field of sex allocation, think you know it all already, or are mainly interested in the evolution of other social and reproductive traits. It might influence the way you think about your own research and if nothing else you will learn some cool facts about the impressive subtleties of sex allocation in the natural world."--Suzanne H. Alonzo, EvolutionTable of ContentsAcknowledgments xi Chapter 1: Sex Allocation 1 1.1 What Is Sex Allocation? 1 1.2 A Potted History 2 1.3 Why Is This Book Needed? 8 1.4 What Is in This Book 8 1.5 What Is Not in This Book 10 1.6 How To Read This Book 11 1.7 Language and Sex Ratios 12 Chapter 2: The Dusing-Fisher Theory of Equal Investment 14 2.1 Introduction 14 2.2 Fisher's Theory of Equal Investment 15 2.3 Darwin to Today 16 2.4 Differential Mortality 19 2.5 Testing Fisher's Theory 20 2.6 Conclusions and Future Directions 31 Chapter 3: Interactions between Relatives I: Cooperation and Competition 33 3.1 Introduction 33 3.2 Basic Theory 34 3.3 Local Resource Enhancement 40 3.4 Local Resource Competition 53 3.5 Conclusions and Future Directions 69 Chapter 4: Interactions between Relatives II: Local Mate Competition 73 4.1 Introduction 73 4.2 Classic Local Mate Competition Theory 74 4.3 Empirical Tests of Local Mate Competition Theory across Populations or Species 83 4.4 Facultative Adjustment of Offspring Sex Ratios by Individuals 93 4.5 Conclusions and Future Directions 107 Chapter 5: Interactions between Relatives III: Extended Local Mate Competition Theory 109 5.1 Introduction 109 5.2 Partial LMC 110 5.3 Variable Clutch Size 116 5.4 Sibmating and Split Sex Ratios in Haplodiploids 131 5.5 Inbreeding Depression 134 5.6 Limited Dispersal and Relatedness between Foundress Females 136 5.7 Haystacks 140 5.8 Asymmetrical Larval Competition 143 5.9 Fertility Insurance 143 5.10 Variance and Precision 151 5.11 Other Population Structures 154 5.12 Stochasticity 155 5.13 Conclusions and Future Directions 156 Chapter 6: Conditional Sex Allocation I: Basic Scenarios 162 6.1 Introduction 162 6.2 Theory 165 6.3 Solitary Parasitoid Wasps and Host Size 167 6.4 Maternal Quality in Ungulates 174 6.5 Maternal Quality and Related Factors in Nonungulates 182 6.6 Mate Attractiveness in Birds and Lizards 187 6.7 Environmental Sex Determination 191 6.8 Sex Change 198 6.9 Conclusions and Future Directions 205 Chapter 7: Conditional Sex Allocation II: Population Consequences and Further Complications 210 7.1 Introduction 210 7.2 Population-Level Patterns 211 7.3 Sex Change Complications 225 7.4 ESD Complications, Especially in Reptiles 243 7.5 Multiple Selective Forces: LMC and Host Size in Parasitoid Wasps 251 7.6 Simultaneous Hermaphrodites 254 7.7 Conclusions and Future Directions 255 Chapter 8: Sex Allocation When Generations Overlap 257 8.1 Introduction 257 8.2 Exceptional Mortality 258 8.3 Exceptional Recruitment 263 8.4 Cyclical Models 265 8.5 Conclusions and Future Directions 273 Chapter 9: Conflict I: Between Individuals 276 9.1 Introduction 276 9.2 Conflict under Fisherian Selection 277 9.3 Conflict under LMC, LRC, and LRE 278 9.4 Sibling Conflict in Haplodiploids and Single-Sex Broods 281 9.5 Polyembryonic Parasitoids 282 9.6 Sex Allocation Conflicts in the Eusocial Hymenoptera 287 9.7 Conclusions and Future Directions 311 Chapter 10: Conflict II: Sex Allocation Distorters 316 10.1 Introduction 316 10.2 Classification of Sex Ratio Distorters 317 10.3 Case Studies 329 10.4 Consequences of Sex Ratio Distorters 344 10.5 Conclusions and Future Directions 351 Chapter 11: General Issues 353 11.1 Introduction 353 11.2 The Success of Sex Allocation 354 11.3 The Use of Sex Allocation 355 11.4 Outstanding Problems 375 References 379 Index 463

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Book SynopsisProvides a conceptual and historical framework for understanding the causes of cancer and other diseases that increase with age. This book interprets various observations on the age of cancer onset, the genetic and environmental causes of disease, and the organization of tissues with regard to stem cell biology and somatic mutation.Trade Review"Frank is an evolutionary biologist with a strong mathematics bent. His book grapples with many...issues, offering insights from his mathematical modelling of various steps of tumour progression...One day he may be seen as the pioneer who began the difficult task of building a sturdy foundation for a truly useful mathematical model of cancer development."--Robert A. Weinberg, Nature "Frank's forte in the book is his search for the simplicity that is often masked by the complexities of cancer. With his mathematical models in hand, he turns to the details of cancer genetics, carcinogens, and aging and provides novel integrative insights...Dynamics of Cancer emphasizes both the multiscale dynamics of the disease and an approach that synthesizes empirical knowledge with parsimonious, mathematical theory. Frank moves the field forward, narrowing the gap between a tragic disease of everyday life and the Darwinian world of the genome."--David C. Krakauer, Science "This book is a superb teaching tool and a rich source of ideas for new and experienced researchers. For cancer biologists, population geneticists, evolutionary biologists, and demographers interested in aging, this book provides new insight into disease progression and the inheritance of predisposition to disease."--Biology Digest "It will be highly interesting to a wide readership, including students who would like to learn about this subject, theoretical/mathematical biologists, epidemiologists, and molecular/clinical cancer biologists. Although the volume is based on mathematical theory, the excellent writing style ensures that it can be read both by biologists with no background in mathematics, and by theoreticians who would like to learn more about the dynamics that govern cancer initiation and progression."--Dominik Wodarz, Quarterly Review of BiologyTable of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction 1 1.1 Aims 2 1.2 How to Read 4 1.3 Chapter Summaries 5 PART I: BACKGROUND Chapter 2: Age of Cancer Incidence 17 2.1 Incidence and Acceleration 19 2.2 Different Cancers 20 2.3 Childhood Cancers 23 2.4 Inheritance 25 2.5 Carcinogens 29 2.6 Sex Differences 32 2.7 Summary 35 Chapter 3: Multistage Progression 36 3.1 Terminology 37 3.2 What Is Multistage Progression? 38 3.3 Multistage Progression in Colorectal Cancer 39 3.4 Alternative Pathways to Colorectal Cancer 43 3.5 Changes during Progression 49 3.6 What Physical Changes Drive Progression? 50 3.7 What Processes Change during Progression? 51 3.8 How Do Changes Accumulate in Cell Lineages? 55 3.9 Summary 58 Chapter 4: History of Theories 59 4.1 Origins of Multistage Theory 61 4.2 A Way to Test Multistage Models 65 4.3 Cancer Is a Genetic Disease 69 4.4 Can Normal Somatic Mutation Rates Explain Multistage Progression? 71 4.5 Clonal Expansion of Premalignant Stages 74 4.6 The Geometry of Cell Lineages 76 4.7 Hypermutation, Chromosomal Instability, and Selection 78 4.8 Epigenetics: Methylation and Acetylation 79 4.9 Summary 80 PART II: DYNAMICS Chapter 5: Progression Dynamics 85 5.1 Background 86 5.2 Observations to Be Explained 89 5.3 Progression Dynamics through Multiple Stages 90 5.4 Why Study Quantitative Theories? 93 5.5 The Basic Model 93 5.6 Technical Definitions of Incidence and Acceleration 94 5.7 Summary 95 Chapter 6: Theory I 96 6.1 Approach 97 6.2 Solution with Equal Transition Rates 97 6.3 Parallel Evolution within Each Individual 100 6.4 Unequal Transition Rates 103 6.5 Time-Varying Transition Rates 109 6.6 Summary 114 Chapter 7: Theory II 115 7.1 Multiple Pathways of Progression 116 7.2 Discrete Genetic Heterogeneity 120 7.3 Continuous Genetic and Environmental Heterogeneity 129 7.4 Weibull and Gompertz Models 136 7.5 Weibull Analysis of Carcinogen Dose-Response Curves 139 7.6 Summary 142 Chapter 8: Genetics of Progression 143 8.1 Comparison between Genotypes in Human Populations 144 8.2 Comparison between Genotypes in Laboratory Populations 154 8.3 Polygenic Heterogeneity 160 8.4 Summary 164 Chapter 9: Carcinogens 165 9.1 Carcinogen Dose-Response 166 9.2 Cessation of Carcinogen Exposure 180 9.3 Mechanistic Hypotheses and Comparative Tests 190 9.4 Summary 201 Chapter 10: Aging 202 10.1 Leading Causes of Death 203 10.2 Multistage Hypotheses 206 10.3 Reliability Models 207 10.4 Conclusions 209 10.5 Summary 209 PART III: EVOLUTION Chapter 11: Inheritance 213 11.1 Genetic Variants Affect Progression and Incidence 214 11.2 Progression and Incidence Affect Genetic Variation 234 11.3 Few Common or Many Rare Variants? 243 11.4 Summary 250 Chapter 12: Stem Cells: Tissue Renewal 251 12.1 Background 252 12.2 Stem-Transit Program of Renewal 253 12.3 Symmetric versus Asymmetric Stem Cell Divisions 264 12.4 Asymmetric Mitoses and the Stem Line Mutation Rate 265 12.5 Tissue Compartments and Repression of Competition 269 12.6 Summary 270 Chapter 13: Stem Cells: Population Genetics 271 13.1 Mutations during Development 272 13.2 Stem-Transit Design 280 13.3 Symmetric versus Asymmetric Mitoses 283 13.4 Summary 285 Chapter 14: Cell Lineage History 286 14.1 Reconstructing Cellular Phylogeny 287 14.2 Demography of Progression 295 14.3 Somatic Mosaicism 304 14.4 Summary 308 Chapter 15: Conclusions 309 Appendix: Incidence 314 References 335 Author Index 361 Subject Index 373

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Book SynopsisWhat comes first, form or function? Trumpeted as the future of biological science, evolutionary developmental biology (or 'evo-devo') answers this question by showing how evolution controls the development of organisms. This book looks at the history and key issues of evo-devo. It focuses on the ways animal organisms evolve through competition.Trade Review"Minelli provides his distinctive perspective of the field of evolutionary developmental biology. Whether or not readers agree with himon specific points, he raisesmany interesting questions that might well be fuel for long discussions on a summer evening. Overall, this book is stimulating reading and will provide much food for thought."--Christian Peter Klingenberg, Trends in Ecology and Evolution "I enjoyed reading Forms of Becoming. It added depth to my knowledge of the historical background of comparative morphological studies, and it regrounded my appreciation of the diversity of evolutionary modifications in development across animals. I recommend this book as entry-level reading for non-'evo-devo' folks as well as the many developmental and evolutionary biologists whose research involves phenotype. I also recommend this thought-provoking book to graduate students... In summary, Minelli promotes an integrative view that is timely and immensely valuable."--Paula Mabee, BioScience "This book is a fascinating reading. It will appeal to anyone that has an interest in animal form and development, and also in genetics."--Evelyne Bremond-Hoslet, MammaliaTable of ContentsPreface ix Part One: Forms and Numbers Chapter 1: Unity in Diversity 3 Two Skeletons 3 Clashes at the Museum 5 Squid and Vertebrate 7 Topsy-turvy 9 Chapter 2: Archetypes 11 The Primeval Plant 11 A Skeleton for Everyone 14 An Exemplary Crayfi sh 16 Chapter 3: Easy Numbers, Forbidden Numbers 18 The Scolopendra's Legs 18 The Nonexistent Variant 22 The Leech's Segments 23 Unexpected Arithmetic 24 The Giraffe's Neck 28 Indirect Effects 29 On the Fingers of One Hand 32 Number and Position 35 Chapter 4: Privileged Genes 38 Unity of Body Plan 38 The Universal Appendage 42 The Zootype 45 Position and Structure 48 "Master Control Genes" 50 Networks 53 Part Two: Constructing Form Chapter 5: Evolution and Development 59 Genes and Determinism 59 Possible Butterfl ies, Real Butterflies 63 Evo-devo 65 Chapter 6: The Logic of Development 68 From Mechanics to Molecules 68 The Lawfulness of "Monsters" 70 A Worm Enters the Scene 72 A Mosaic, or Perhaps Not 75 One Model, Several Models 76 The Adult's Questionable Uniqueness 77 Boxed Generations 78 According to Program 80 Cuticle, Cuticles 81 Cilia and Mitosis 86 Taking Development Seriously 89 Ontogeny and Phylogeny 90 Chapter 7: Paradigm Shifts 94 Science and Language 94 Gene, Genes 95 Busillis 97 Tissues 99 More on Segments 101 Origin, Form, and Function 103 Parallel Worksites 105 What Do We Start From? 107 Which Adult? 109 Siamese Twins and Corals 111 Spare Parts 113 Chapter 8: Comparisons 117 Horns and Antlers 117 Homology 119 One Gene, Several Effects 121 Ars Combinatoria 123 The Limits of Hierarchies 125 Organs, Only When All Is Done 127 Structures, Processes, and Developmental Stages 129 Chapter 9: The Body's Syntax 132 From Tip to Toe 132 The Dual Animal 134 The Sea Urchin 136 The Tapeworm 137 Part Three: Origins Chapter 10: Competition or Cooperation? 145 Apologues and Metaphors 145 The Species: From Inside and from Outside 146 Butterfl ies and Sea Urchins 148 Parasitoids 150 Throw-Away Larvae 150 Competition between Equals, or Not Quite 154 Germ and Soma 158 Authorized Competition among Equals 161 A Virtual Mouth 163 Embryonic Leafl ets 165 Who Is Winning? 167 One Egg, Several Embryos 169 Two Twins, or Rather One 170 Identical Twins, or Maybe Not 171 The Pupa's Balance Sheet 175 Competition and Cooperation: Two Sides of the Same Coin 177 Everything Small 178 Development in Stages 180 Chapter 11: Making and Remaking 183 Many and All Equal, or Few and Different 183 A Product of Factors 186 Calculations without Error 189 Broken Chains 194 Co-option 196 Buds and Appendages 197 Chapter 12: Innovations without Plans 201 Regularity without a Program 201 Inexpensive Symmetry 201 Breaks in Symmetry 204 The Origin of Evolutionary Novelties 205 Modules 208 A Glance at the Clock 209 Epilogue 211 Recommended Readings 215 Index 221

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Book SynopsisRecounts the true and harrowing tales of the author's adventures with parasites, and in the process introduces readers to the intimately interwoven lives of host and parasite. This title leads readers on a journey into the bizarre yet oddly beautiful world of parasites.Trade Review"Dip into Kaplan for a rich dose of disgust."--Anne Hardy, Times Literary Supplement "Engrossingly gross: A paean to parasites ... Kaplan is a master raconteur. What's more, he has an almost comical knack of contracting every parasitic infection going, which serves to bring his stories to life all the more vividly. This is gonzo parasitology writing at its finest."--Clint Witchalls, New Scientist "[What's Eating You?] takes the prize for most eww-inducing book title of the week. Ever want to know about hirudin, the anticoagulant in leech saliva? This is the book for you."--San Francisco Chronicle "[This] book has its squirmy pleasures... [Kaplan's] approach is often lurid, sometimes humorous vignettes on different parasites, each story culminating in a page of scientific drawings that illustrate the intersecting paths of parasites and hosts."--Nina Ayoub, Chronicle Review "[Kaplan] simply conveys a vast amount of information painlessly... He has a lively sense of story."--Michael Sims, Washington Post "You can't go wrong with a book about the disgusting, utterly gross organisms that set up shop in and on the human body. Think tapeworms, flukes and leeches. Seriously high yuck factor. Still, these alien invaders are so bizarre they're fascinating. In his riveting, if often revolting, book Eugene H. Kaplan regales with tales from his life as a parasite taxonomist... Lurid and charming in equal measure."--Leigh Dayton, The Australian "In two decades I have not had the pleasure of appraising such a repulsive volume as What's Eating You? I heartily commend it... The thirty chapters of Professor Eugene H. Kaplan's study all read like punchy little fables about different aspects of parasitology."--David Profumo, Literary Review "Over many years of teaching parasitology, Eugene Kaplan found a way to keep students awake: lurid stories. Now the retired biology professor and researcher from Hofstra University on Long Island, New York, has a new book, What's Eating You?, that tucks in the science about both rare and common parasites along with the tales."--Nancy White, Toronto Star "Kaplan's gory stories, fun though they are, are simply gateways into a fascinating aspect of biology: symbiosis... Kaplan dazzles with a wealth of knowledge about worms, live, and bed bugs. His colourful descriptions of their biology and life cycle are bolstered by evolutionary explanations... Kaplan is a good writer, but it is his brilliantly uninhibited sense of humour that really makes the prose zing with life."--Priya Shetty, The Lancet "Not for the queasy or faint of heart. But if you're the least bit curious about the creatures that can inhabit humans, I promise you'll be fascinated."--Scott Shalaway, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette "Take a rousing romp through the zoo of beasties that make a living invading our bodies. Kaplan, a professor of parasitology and himself a victim of amebic dysentery and 8-inch roundworms, gives a raucous crash course that blends surprising biology with macabre stories."--Discover Magazine "[A] real cracker of a page-turner... [O]ne of the books of the season that will appeal to professionals or anyone who's ever doubted whether it's a good idea to wash your hands or cook food properly."--Paul O'Doherty, Life Science Review "The greatest strength of this book lies in its personal touch... Through all manner of disgusting and even frightening details, Kaplan makes attractive and easy to follow what is usually soporific in other books."--Frederic Thomas,PLOS Biology "What we don't know hurts us most, and thus Dr. Eugene Kaplan's well-illustrated mini-encyclopedia of parasites, their modes of entry into our bodies, and the damage they do is a must-read for all adventurous and scientifically curious travelers... What's Eating You is totally readable and rich in historical asides and social notes."--Foreword Magazine "People who enjoy travel adventures in near and far exotic places may want to read this clearly written, beautifully illustrated book about parasites... Kaplan describes the bizarre, frightening, and even disgusting ways of parasites in entertaining language. For each story, he explains the biology of the interwoven lives of host and parasite along with the social consequences resulting from parasitic diseases."--Choice "Although this book serves up what can basically be described as 'Parasitology 101' for the masses, it is quite a feast with an incredible variety on the menu! It's 'full' (30 chapters) of parasites, from microscopic protistans to 12-m-long tapeworms. You're going to want to wash your hands before you eat (although you should already) and really do your homework before schlepping off overseas to try the local fare."--Charles K. Blend, Journal of ParasitologyTable of ContentsPreface: Personal Parasites ix Acknowledgments xi Apologia xiii On the Sacredness of Life xv Introduction. The Saline Solution--An Inner Sea 1 Chapter 1: Land of Smiles 6 Chapter 2: An Encounter with Jordan Rose 15 Chapter 3: I Had a Farm in Africa 25 Chapter 4: Death of a Mouse 33 Chapter 5: Intimate Relationships 40 Chapter 6: A Peek into the Anus of--My Child 48 Chapter 7: The Well-Hung Dog 58 Chapter 8: Fiery Serpent 69 Chapter 9: It Hardly Ever Happens 75 Chapter 10: The Anti-Semitic Tapeworm 82 Chapter 11: Mother Always Wanted Me to Be a Real Doctor 91 Chapter 12: Missus Murphy's Baby 98 Chapter 13: The Day I Flunked the Macho Test 109 Chapter 14: The Biblical Plagues 117 Chapter 15: Alley Cats and Seagulls 127 Chapter 16: A Better Mousetrap 137 Chapter 17: Scandals and Ghosts 144 Chapter 18: Spiny-Headed Monsters 155 Chapter 19: Bloodsucking Beasts 165 Chapter 20: Ode to a Cockroach 174 Chapter 21: Bats, Bugs, and Bloody Bites 184 Chapter 22: Little Fleas Have Littler Fleas 195 Chapter 23: How to Get Rid of Crabs 203 Chapter 24: Wild Virgins 211 Inexplicable Behavior: Some Relationships Are More Intimate Than Others 221 Chapter 25: Topsy-Turvy Worlds 224 Chapter 26: A Day in the Caribbean 235 Chapter 27: Tit, Tit, Tittie--Cuckoo 245 Chapter 28: The Game of Life: Name That Category 251 Chapter 29: Paean of Praise 257 Chapter 30: Tips for Travelers 268 Epilogue 277 Glossary 281 Selected References 293 Illustration Sources 295 Index 297

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Book SynopsisAn identification guide to the birds and marine mammals of the Antarctic Peninsula, Drake Passage, and Beagle Channel. It enables visitors to this region - newcomer and seasoned traveler alike - to identify the penguins, whales, seals, seabirds, and other wildlife they encounter on their journey.Trade Review"A must have guide for those visiting Antarctica!"--Ian Paulsen, Birdbooker Report "An eminently practical, accurate, useable and indispensable field guide perfect to bring on your Antarctic cruise. Or even just to keep on your bedside table... There's a lot of information effortlessly packed into this little powerhouse of a guide... When it comes time to cruise, though, Antarctic Wildlife, A Visitor's Guide is the one to grab."--Cathy Taibbi, Examiner.com "It's difficult to appreciate far off consequences of things like melting polar ice-caps, rising ocean levels, and other effects that happen far away or too slowly for the eye to see. That's one reason why I think books like James Lowen's Antarctic Wildlife, A Visitor's Guide are so important. They help provide context for and appreciation of the Antarctic as more than an abstract concept... Antarctic Wildlife is a window offering a view of the southern end of the world... By revealing its treasures, Lowen reminds us why even the most remote places on Earth are worth defending."--Brad Sylvester, Yahoo! News "Spectacular. It covers all wildlife within Antarctica, not just birds. But for the birders reading this, the section on birds is done well."--Jerry Liguori, Utah Birders blog "The identification text is split into two sections, one basic summary for the amateur and beneath this a more detailed description for the avid enthusiast. The supporting images are excellent, chosen for clear field identification, and it's impressive to note that the author took many of them himself... This is an excellent field guide, well laid out with photos and easy-to-access information... It will definitely accompany me on my next trip to Antarctica."--Luxury Travel Review "Thanks to this book, I now want to go to Antarctica more than ever! And if (hopefully, when) I go, it will not be without this book. Antarctic Wildlife: A Visitor's Guide should be required for any cruise-based visitor to the great white continent. And if you want to risk being compelled to pay big bucks to go on such a cruise, I'd also recommend it to anyone even slightly interested in the wildlife of Antarctica."--Grant McCreary, Birder's Library "Recommended for either the real-world or armchair traveler interested in the natural history of the Antarctic... Portable and approachable."--Jean E. Crampon, Library Journal "With a soft flexible binding perfect for thrusting into a knapsack, this book is a primer for all manner of wildlife one might encounter on the seventh continent... Features glorious full-color photos and is chocka-block with charts and indices, tips on choosing a cruise and the best spots to seek out wildlife, as well as an examination of the environmental threats to the region's indigenous residents. With a lively map as end papers, this book works just as well for the armchair traveler as for the hearty explorer."--Christopher Schoppa, Washington Post "This handy ID guide comes as a timely aid to anyone venturing into the Southern Oceans. It covers the areas usually included in tour itineries, from the southern Tip of Argentina to Antarctica proper. The book uses a photo-montage style for the illustrations, an increasingly popular method, which works well here and covers everything from lichens through to whales and birds, so a truly comprehensive guide. Essential for anyone visiting the area."--About Birds, British Trust for Ornithology "Ideal guide for the first-time visitor... The moment you pick up this book it feels good ... exceedingly well-chosen images... Buy it and then start saving for your trip!"--Birdwatch "[D]oes the job admirably... [S]tunning colour plates... [D]etailed and yet written in an easy-to-read and interesting way."--World Birdwatch "I could write this review in just two simple sentences. If you have already experienced the Antarctic, then after reading James Lowen's visitors' guide, you will be packing your bags and booking your next visit. If you haven't been there before, you will still be packing your bags and booking your visit. It's as simple as that. Antarctic Wildlife is a clean, concise and very practical guide to the wildlife of the Antarctic Peninsula, Drake Passage and Beagle Channel... A refreshing view of this fascinating continent."--David Lindo, Birdwatching Magazine "[A] fantastic guide ... rich in photography... [T]he penguin behaviour gallery is a joy."--Birds "[S]pecifically designed for anyone travelling from Ushuaia to the Antarctic and who has even the slightest interest in wildlife."--Wildlife Extra "[D]efinitive identification guide... [E]asy-to-use... [O]ne-of-a kind guide... [M]ust-have guide for those visiting Antarctica!"--Guardian.co.uk "[T]akes a quite different approach from that of all previous guides to the area... [H]igh-quality photographic images, skillfully arranged... [F]or those with a general interest in natural history and wanting a small guide, the book succeeds admirably."--British Birds "This book joins a short list of good quality guides that concentrates on the Antarctic region... [H]undreds of superb illustrations... If you are headed far, far south, you will certainly want to have this attractive, informative, and handy book with you."--Avian Review "The book is a must for wildlife enthusiasts who are planning a trip to the southern tip of South America and the Antarctic. However, someone with an interest in this part of the world will find it a nice addition to their library."--FHB, Wildlife Activist "Those of us planning a trip to Antarctica will take this book along and turn to it first when an identification question arises. Those who have already been to Antarctica will wish this book had been with them."--Barbara Williams, IOS Wings Over the Prairie "For those who are contemplating that once-in-a-lifetime trip to the Antarctic, this book provides a handy photographic guide to the birds and mammals that you are likely to encounter... It will be invaluable on deck. It provides more than enough information to satisfy the general visitor, and would serve very well as a field guide for birders."--Birding World "I would ... recommend this book to travellers and experienced naturalists, as the information on the natural history of the area is very good."--Geoff Catpentier, Ontario Birding News "This is a well-done guide and an excellent purchase for academic and large public libraries."--Frederic F. Burchsted, American Reference Books Annual

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Book SynopsisDespite decades of developments in immunization and drug therapy, tuberculosis remains among the leading causes of human mortality, and no country has successfully eradicated the disease. Reenvisioning tuberculosis from the perspective of population biology, this book examines why the disease is so persistent and what must be done to fight it. TreaTrade Review"This is an important book by one of the world's leading experts on tuberculosis. Christopher Dye breaks new ground and uses a novel approach to study how tuberculosis cases and fatalities could be decreased. He demonstrates how certain interventions, energetically pursued, offer the hope that tuberculosis can ultimately be eradicated."—Robert May, University of Oxford"With formal and persuasive analysis, Dye shows how HIV/AIDS has caused massive increases in the burden of tuberculosis in Africa since the 1980s. But Dye's ultimate message is a hopeful one: current methods of prevention and treatment could, if rigorously implemented, substantially cut mortality rates for both diseases, even within a few years."—Peter Piot, director of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine"A major cause of death throughout history, tuberculosis still kills more than a million people every year. This book argues that successful tuberculosis control will depend on a comprehensive strategy combining the most effective technological, policy, and social interventions available. Rooted in quantitative analysis, the book explores factors driving the epidemic in different populations, and offers a novel and comprehensive approach that will help set future priorities."—Mario Raviglione, director of the Global TB Programme, World Health Organization"Dye's book is essential reading for anyone concerned about how tuberculosis can be eliminated as a major public health problem. A master of modeling, Dye considers the entire range of complexities that influence the dynamics of the disease in multiple countries. He helps us to understand the numerous interventions and 'what ifs' that would make the critical and profound difference in controlling this ancient scourge of mankind."—Barry R. Bloom, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health"This book is a brilliant rethink of tuberculosis within the context of a rapidly evolving global environment. Dye examines the multifaceted factors of the disease and lays the foundation for a novel approach to tackling it. He challenges the global health community to address TB as a social disease as well as a medical one, and makes the case for a comprehensive and holistic response."—Ariel Pablos-Méndez, U.S. Agency for International Development"At once informative and captivating, this book is without question the most comprehensive text on the ecology and evolution of tuberculosis, and represents a landmark contribution to the field by one of its most authoritative figures. Painting the most up-to-date picture of tuberculosis from diverse perspectives, Dye lays bare the key intellectual concepts and, in a wonderfully elegant and compelling manner, examines their conclusions. A pleasure to read."—Pejman Rohani, University of Michigan"This is a hugely impressive record of Dye's extensive knowledge of the epidemiology and control of human tuberculosis amassed over many years of research and analysis. His book deserves to rank alongside a handful of other seminal tuberculosis studies from the past fifty years. With its global reach and close attention to a wealth of data, this is an authoritative, timely, and valuable contribution to the public health literature."—Mark Woolhouse, University of EdinburghTable of ContentsPreface vii Chapter 1 Tuberculosis Undefeated 1 Chapter 2 Concepts and Models 26 Chapter 3 Risk and Variation 64 Chapter 4 Interventions and Control 100 Chapter 5 Strains and Drug Resistance 138 Chapter 6 TB and HIV/AIDS 162 Chapter 7 Elimination and Eradication 190 Chapter 8 Populations and Social Diseases 207 Appendix 1 Derivation of the Basic Case Reproduction Number and Epidemic Doubling Time 219 Appendix 2 Formal Description of the Standard Model 222 References 227 Index 271

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Book SynopsisJohn Tyler Bonner, one of our most distinguished and insightful biologists, here challenges a central tenet of evolutionary biology. In this concise, elegantly written book, he makes the bold and provocative claim that some biological diversity may be explained by something other than natural selection. With his customary wit and accessible style,Trade Review"[I]ncredibly useful ... refreshingly honest ... witty and engaging."--Tiffany Taylor, Times Higher Education "[F]orthright, informal, and humorous. His reminder that not every trait has a biologically adaptive function is a welcome lesson, as is his self-deprecating description of his ideas as just another 'just-so' story... [A] call to the biologists who take over from him to do more research to confirm or to refute the often surprising ideas here."--Rob Hardy, Commercial Dispatch "[Bonner] provides a well-written, well-documented collection of evidence suggesting randomness as a primary engine behind natural selection... This is an excellent essay, valuable to a wide audience. Evolution is an important, timely topic, making Bonner's work a worthy contribution."--Choice "[T]he book provides a careful analysis of the relationship between randomness and size in evolution and makes a good case for neutral morphologies."--James Bradley, Quarterly Review of Biology "The main strength of this provocative book is that it undoubtedly provides a successful argument against the widespread tendency to give an adaptive explanation for any biological trait, and, above all, it opens the door to a fruitful way to reconsider the traditional view of evolution as mainly driven by natural selection."--Francesca Merlin, Biol TheoryTable of ContentsIllustrations vii Preface ix 1 Life and the Riddle of Randomness 1 2 Time, Size, and Complexity 17 3 Small Organisms and Neutral Morphologies 40 4 The Evolution of the Decrease of Randomness 63 5 An Exception: Where Small Organisms Suppress Randomness 93 6 The Division of Labor: Two Cases of the Return of Randomness in Higher Forms 101 7 Envoi 118 Acknowledgments 121 Bibliography 125 Index 131

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Book SynopsisSocial behavior has long puzzled evolutionary biologists, since the classical theory of natural selection maintains that individuals should not sacrifice their own fitness to affect that of others. Social Evolution and Inclusive Fitness Theory argues that a theory first presented in 1963 by William D. Hamilton--inclusive fitness theory--provides thTrade Review"Overall, this useful little book provides a superlative introduction to the core mathematics one needs to understand the quantitative basis of sociobiology."--ChoiceTable of ContentsList of Figures xi List of Tables xii Preface xiii Acknowlegments xvii 1 SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND EVOLUTIONARY THOUGHT 1 1.1 Explanations for Apparent Design 1 1.2 Natural Selection and Social Behavior 3 1.3 Arguments for Group Benefit 7 1.4 Enter Hamilton 11 1.5 Multilevel Selection Theory 13 1.6 The Generality of Inclusive Fitness Theory 14 2 MODELS OF SOCIAL BEHAVIOR 16 2.1 Introduction 16 2.2 The Donation Game 18 2.3 The Nonadditive Donation Game 22 2.4 Other Social Interactions 25 2.5 Public Goods Games 28 2.6 Threshold Public Goods Games 29 2.7 Interactions in Structured Populations 32 2.8 Summary 32 3 THE PRICE EQUATION 34 3.1 A General Description of Selection 34 3.2 Genetic Selection 36 3.3 Illustrative Applications of the Price Equation 39 3.4 Important Caveats 43 3.5 Summary 45 4 INCLUSIVE FITNESS AND HAMILTON'S RULE 46 4.1 Inclusive Fitness Extends Classical Darwinian Fitness 46 4.2 Fitness Effects as Regression on Genes 47 4.3 Deriving Hamilton's Rule in the Simplest Case 51 4.4 Perceived Limitations of Inclusive Fitness Theory 54 4.5 Summary 58 5 NONADDITIVE INTERACTIONS AND HAMILTON'S RULE 59 5.1 Replicator Dynamics for Interactions between Relatives 59 5.2 Extending Hamilton's Rule to Deal with Nonadditivity 65 5.3 The Price Equation and Levels of Causal Analysis 69 5.4 Summary 70 6 CONDITIONAL BEHAVIORS AND INCLUSIVE FITNESS 71 6.1 Implicit and Explicit Conditionality 71 6.2 Modeling Conditional Behavior 73 6.3 Claims That Assortment Is More Fundamental Than Relatedness 76 6.4 Summary 77 7 VARIANTS OF HAMILTON'S RULE AND EVOLUTIONARY EXPLANATIONS 78 7.1 Variants of Hamilton's Rule 78 7.2 Geometric Relatedness Underlies Phenotypic Assortment 83 7.3 Explanations for Greenbeards 86 7.4 Different Viewpoints on Conditional Traits 88 7.5 Summary 89 8 HERITABILITY, MAXIMIZATION, AND EVOLUTIONARY EXPLANATIONS 90 8.1 What Drives Social Evolution? 90 8.2 Selection and Heritability 90 8.3 Do Individuals Act to Maximize Their Inclusive Fitness? 95 8.4 Ultimate Causes and Social Evolution 97 8.5 Summary 103 9 WHAT IS FITNESS? 105 9.1 Introduction 105 9.2 Haldane's Dilemma 105 9.3 Reproductive Value and Class Structure 107 9.4 Fitness, Fecundity, and Payoffs 109 9.5 Summary 114 10 EVIDENCE, OTHER APPROACHES, AND FURTHER TOPICS 115 10.1 Introduction 115 10.2 Empirical Support for Inclusive Fitness Theory 115 10.3 Some Further Topics in Social Evolution Theory 127 10.4 Other Theoretical Approaches 129 10.5 Conclusion 132 Glossary 135 Notes 139 Bibliography 175 Index 187

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Book SynopsisCells to Civilizations is the first unified account of how life transforms itself--from the production of bacteria to the emergence of complex civilizations. What are the connections between evolving microbes, an egg that develops into an infant, and a child who learns to walk and talk? Award-winning scientist Enrico Coen synthesizes the growth ofTrade ReviewShortlisted for the 2013 Royal Society Winton Prize for Science Books "This attempt at a grand theoretical synthesis within biology explores the transformative powers and creative forces that have brought about the living world from the first cells to the latest developments in cultural and technological evolution... [Coen's] eloquently written book offers a programmatic synthesis and an empirically grounded proposal for a theory of biology... Cells to Civilizations will stimulate many productive discussions about the origins and development of life in all its complexities."--Manfred D. Laubichler, Science "In Cells to Civilization, [Coen] couples his knowledge of genetics with metaphor and art, likening the unfurling of mutant snapdragon flowers to an artist's brushstrokes on an expanding canvas... The book is packed with fascinating facts... [H]uman cultures and minds are among the most complex information systems in nature, and Coen does a good job of reminding us of their roots in evolution."--John Hawks, New Scientist "The ideas [in Cells to Civilizations] are subtle, possibly significant, and slightly unsettling. What more could a reader wish for?"--Robert Schaefer, New York Journal of Books "[Coen's] prose is every bit as good as Richard Dawkins' or Steve Jones', and his rich illustrations, particularly the way he uses classical and modern art to make his points, refreshes the text and keeps one's focus on the arguments. His clever ideas and engaging and creative writing style suggest that he would make a fascinating dinner companion. I loved this book and will put it on the general reading list for our biology undergraduates. I suspect it will also find resonance with the interested layman."--Charalambos P. Kyriacou, Times Higher Education "Cells to Civilizations is a very approachable and thought-provoking reading for everyone involved in education and science."--Monika Biro, American Biology Teacher "Cells to Civilizations is an intelligent and entertaining book by a distinguished biologist."--Robert C. Richardson, BioScience "[Cells to Civilizations] was thought provoking, informative, and fun to read."--Choice "Clearly written ... intriguing, thought-provoking."--Library Journal "What are the connections between evolving microbes, an egg that develops into an infant, a child who learns to walk, and the rise of Ancient Rome? For many years, scientists have generally thought these great transformations--evolution, development, learning, and cultural change--occurred through different mechanisms. But geneticist Enrico Coen, in his pioneering new book Cells to Civilization, reveals that these transformations revolve around shared core principles and manifest the same fundamental recipe. Coen blends provocative discussion, the latest scientific research, and colourful examples to demonstrate the links between these critical stages in the history of life."--Chemicals & Chemistry "Coen's book is ambitious and stimulating... Cells to Civilizations is good material for conversation and a worthwhile read."--Deniz Erezyilmaz, truthdig.com "Do not be daunted by the scope of the book, which is written for a wide audience, although it contains enough science for biologists and anthropologists to ponder and argue with Coen. For the rest, it is an easy read, particularly as the biology it contains is peppered with vignettes drawn from painting and art history, which act as a guide for the more dry science that forms the meat of the argument."--Alfonso Martinez Arias, Development JournalTable of ContentsINTRODUCTION: A RECIPE FOR CHANGE 1 History and Form 3 Life's Creative Recipe 8 CHAPTER ONE: LOOPS AND LOTTERIES 13 Principle of Population Variation 16 Principle of Persistence 20 Principle of Reinforcement 23 Principle of Competition 24 Combining Principles 29 CHAPTER TWO: FROM GENES TO ECOSYSTEMS 34 Principle of Cooperation 36 Principle of Combinatorial Richness 40 Wandering Clouds 44 Principle of Recurrence 48 The Origin of Species 52 Species and Ecosystems 57 A Recipe for Evolution 58 CHAPTER THREE: CONVERSATIONS OF AN EMBRYO 61 Turing's Principles 63 Patterning a Cell 68 Switching Genes On and Off 70 A Molecular Fight 73 Looking into Gradients 76 A Common Form 80 CHAPTER FOUR: COMPLETING THE PICTURE 84 An Embryonic Cocktail Party 85 A Cooperative Eff ort 87 Regulatory Riches 88 Building on the Past 90 The Expanding Canvas 93 Deformation 97 The Three-Dimensional Canvas 105 A Common Recipe 108 CHAPTER FIVE: HISTORY IN THE MAKING 111 Unicellular Beginnings 114 Moving up a Scale 115 Zooming and Growing 118 A Recipe within a Recipe 120 CHAPTER SIX: HUMBLE RESPONSES 122 Making Adjustments 124 Flora's Story 127 The Bite of Venus 132 The Sensible Sea Slug 135 Patterns in Time 140 Human Responses 143 Carving up the World 147 CHAPTER SEVEN: THE NEURAL SIBYL 150 The Prophetic Dog 152 Predictive Neurons 155 Learning from Discrepancies 157 Pavlov and Punishments 163 Core Principles 164 A Neural Journey 168 Staying on the Move 169 A Recipe for Learning 173 CHAPTER EIGHT: LEARNING THROUGH ACTION 175 Calibration 176 Jumping Eyes 178 Visual Shifts 181 Learning to Calibrate 184 Action-Learning Loops 187 Smooth Movements 188 An Active Journey 193 Learning with Others 197 CHAPTER NINE: SEEING AS 200 The Neural Eye 204 Multiple Eyes 208 Seeing through Models 211 Learning at Many Levels 213 Top-down and Bottom-up 216 Competing Interpretations 217 A Question of Style 220 Creative Acts 228 CHAPTER TEN: FRAMING RECIPES 232 Development of Learning 233 Basic Instincts 237 Flexibility versus Directness 242 CHAPTER ELEVEN: THE CRUCIBLE OF CULTURE 244 The Apprentice 245 Fruitful Populations 248 Lasting Change 250 Cultural Reinforcement 252 The Force of Competition 254 Cooperative Eff orts 255 A Cultural Mix 257 Propelled by the Past 260 A Cultural Recipe 263 CHAPTER TWELVE: THE GRAND CYCLE 266 Cultural Origins 267 Possible Worlds 270 Nature's Self-Portrait 275 Acknowledgments 281 Notes 283 References 299 Illustration Credits 307 Index 313

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"[A] stunning explication of 101 viruses that infect everything from humans to archaea. Along with basics on life cycles, transmission and more, Roossinck offers succinct descriptions, schematic drawings and a gallery of electron-microscopy images."--Barbara Kiser, Nature "What Roger Tory Peterson did for birds, Penn State University virologist Marilyn J. Roossinck has done for viruses... [B]eautifully illustrated."--Laurence A. Marshall, Natural History "[A] very useful resource."--Booklist "This well-illustrated guide provides an introduction to the biology of viruses and history of virology, as well as singling out 101 of these infectious agents to profile in more depth."--Science News Magazine "A visually appealing resource that will be useful for virologists while simultaneously appealing to the layperson curious about the fascinating and vital role these organisms play in the ecosystem."--Library Journal "The rise of the Zika virus was one of the most troubling medical stories of the past year--and yes, it's covered in this richly illustrated rogue's gallery by virologist Marilyn J. Roossinck. There's also a graphic explanation of the inner workings of viruses, and a foreword by renowned science writer Carl Zimmer."--Alan Boyle, GeekWire "This light, richly illustrated overview of 100 different viruses is most appropriate for general readers."--ChoiceTable of ContentsForeword 6 Introduction 8 What is a virus? 10 History of virology 12 Timeline 16 Virus controversies 18 A virus classification scheme 20 Replication 22 Packaging 36 Transmission 38 Lifestyles of viruses 40 Immunity 44 Remarkable Viruses 101 HUMAN VIRUSES Chikungunya virus 52 Dengue virus 54 Ebola virus 56 Hepatitis C virus 58 Human adenovirus 2 60 Human herpes simplex virus 1 62 Human immunodeficiency virus 64 Human papilloma virus 16 66 Human rhinovirus A 68 Influenza virus A 70 JC virus 72 Measles virus 74 Mumps virus 76 Norwalk virus 78 Poliovirus 80 Rotavirus A 82 SARS related coronavirus 84 Varicella-zoster virus 86 Variola virus 88 West Nile virus 90 Yellow fever virus 92 Zika virus 94 Sin nombre virus 96 Torque teno virus 97 VERTEBRATE ANIMAL VIRUSES African swine fever virus 100 Bluetongue virus 102 Boid Inclusion body disease virus 104 Bornadisease virus 106 Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 108 Canine parvovirus 110 Foot and mouth disease virus 112 Frog virus 3 114 Infectious salmon anemia virus 116 Myxoma virus 118 Porcine circovirus 120 Rabies virus 122 Rift Valley fever virus 124 Rinderpest virus 126 Rous sarcoma virus 128 Simian virus 40 130 Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus 132 Feline leukemia virus 134 Mouse herpes virus 68 135 PLANT VIRUSES African cassava mosaic virus 138 Banana bunchy top virus 140 Barley yellow dwarf virus 142 Cauliflower mosaic virus 144 Citrus tristeza virus 146 Cucumber mosaic virus 148 Oryza sativa endornavirus 150 Ourmia melon virus 152 Pea enation mosaic virus 154 Plum pox virus 156 Potato virus Y 158 Rice dwarf virus 160 Rice hoja blanca virus 162 164 Satellite tobacco mosaic virus Tobacco etch virus 166 Tobacco mosaic virus 168 Tomato bushy stunt virus 170 Tomato spotted wilt virus 172 Tomato yellow leaf curl virus 174 White clover cryptic virus 176 Bean golden mosaic virus 178 Tulip breaking virus 179 INVERTEBRATE ANIMAL VIRUSES Cotesia congregata bracovirus 182 Cricket paralysis virus 184 Deformed wing virus 186 Drosophila virus C 188 Dysaphis plantaginea densovirus 190 Flock house virus 192 Invertebrate iridescent virus 6 194 Lymantria dispar multiple nucleo-polyhedrosis virus 196 Orsay virus 198 White spot syndrome virus 200 Yellow head virus 202 FUNGAL AND PROTIST VIRUSES Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus 206 Curvularia thermal tolerance virus 208 Helminthosporium victoriae virus 190S 210 Penicillium chrysogenum virus 212 Pithovirus sibericum 214 Saccharomyces cerevisia L-A virus 216 Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 218 Ophiostoma mitovirus 4 219 Paramecium busaria chlorellavirus 1 220 Phytophthora endornavirus 1 220 BACTERIAL AND ARCHAEAL VIRUSES Bacillus phage phi29 224 Enterobacteria phage lambda 226 Enterobacteria phage T4 228 Enterobacteriophage phiX174 230 Mycobacterium phage D29 232 Ralstonia phage phiRSL1 234 Synechococcus phage Syn5 236 Acidianus bottle-shaped virus 1 238 Acidianus two-tailed virus 239 Enterobacteria phage H-19B 240 Enterobacteriophage M13 241 Enterobacteriophage Qss 242 Staphylococcus phage 80 243 Sulfolobus spindle-shaped virus 1 244 Vibrio phage CTX 245 Glossary 246 Resources 250 Index 252 Acknowledgments 256

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"A compelling and important book about how evolution matters to humans today."--Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society, and EnvironmentTable of ContentsPreface vii Contributors ix Chapter 1 How Evolution Shapes Our Lives 1 Richard E. Lenski PART I BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS Chapter 2 What Is Evolution? 15 Jonathan B. Losos Chapter 3 Human Evolution 31 John Hawks Chapter 4 Human Cooperation and Conflict 46 Joan E. Strassmann and David C. Queller Chapter 5 Human Behavioral Ecology 61 Virpi Lummaa Chapter 6 Evolutionary Psychology 77 Robert C. Richardson PART II EVOLUTION IN HEALTH AND DISEASE Chapter 7 Evolutionary Medicine 93 Paul E. Turner Chapter 8 Aging and Menopause 114 Jacob A. Moorad and Daniel E. L. Promislow Chapter 9 Evolution of Parasite Virulence 134 Dieter Ebert Chapter 10 Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance 147 Dan I. Andersson Chapter 11 Evolution and Microbial Forensics 163 Paul Keim and Talima Pearson PART III RESHAPING OUR WORLD Chapter 12 Domestication and the Evolution of Agriculture 179 Amy Cavanaugh and Cameron R. Currie Chapter 13 Directed Evolution 191 Erik M. Quandt and Andrew D. Ellington Chapter 14 Evolution and Computing 206 Robert T. Pennock Chapter 15 Evolution and Conservation 220 H. Bradley Shaffer Chapter 16 Adaptation to a Changing World: Evolutionary Resilience and Climate Change 238 Martha M. Munoz and Craig Moritz PART I V EVOLUTION IN THE PUBLIC SPHERE Chapter 17 Evolution and Religion: Conflict and Dialogue 255 Francisco J. Ayala Chapter 18 Creationism and Intelligent Design 284 Eugenie C. Scott Chapter 19 Evolution and the Media 300 Carl Zimmer PART V NATURE AND NURTURE Chapter 20 Linguistics and the Evolution of Human Language 313 Mark Pagel Chapter 21 Cultural Evolution 331 Elizabeth Hannon and Tim Lewens Chapter 22 Evolution and Notions of Human Race 346 Alan R. Templeton Chapter 23 The Future of Human Evolution 362 Alan R. Templeton Index 381

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Klaus Malling Olsen is to be commended for another colossal gull guide. Gulls of the World is an unprecedented achievement that fills a great demand. The text will be of good use to anyone wishing to advance their knowledge of gulls and sharpen their gull identification skills. . . . Thanks to the updated range maps, recent identification information, and some recent taxonomic notes, we would certainly recommend making the relatively small investment to own this guide."---Amar Ayyash & Peter Adriaens, ABA Blog"Gull photos in this book (and others) are, for good reason, well-lit closeups of individuals. How else to capture ID variances? There are photos in Olsen’s book, however, that capture the essence of gull — birds in flocks loafing on a beach, in the air, a cloud of gulls following a fishing boat. Gulls individually are to be identified. Gulls in a flock are to be enjoyed."---Jim Williams, Wingnut blog"In a birding world that celebrates identification, there are surprisingly few articles and books on gull identification. So, we need to lift a glass to 2018, a year that has given usGulls of the World: A Photographic Field Guide by Klaus Malling Olsen and Gulls Simplified: A Comparative Approach to Identification by Pete Dunne and Kevin T. Karlson. . . . [T]he bar here is high, there are expectations of excellent writing, high-quality photographs, a friendly yet educational approach, and a high level of expertise. . . . And, yes, they succeed on all points."---Donna Schulman, 10,000 Birds Book Review

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Overall, this useful little book provides a superlative introduction to the core mathematics one needs to understand the quantitative basis of sociobiology." * Choice *

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"One of Financial Times (FT.com) Best History Books of 2016"

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Drawing on sources as diverse as archaeology, canon law, and social theory, Roy Flechner shifts our perspective on Patrick by situating him firmly within the broader context of the late Roman Empire, post-Roman Britain, and early medieval Europe. Flechner's probing exploration of Patrick's own writings within this framework sheds new light on the figure of Ireland's national saint."--Catherine McKenna, Harvard University "In recent years, many new sources about Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland, have been excavated and new theories formulated, so the time is ripe for a reevaluation of Patrick's life and work. Roy Flechner, a rising star in early medieval Irish history, is the right person for this task. This engaging book will no doubt become a bestseller among Patrick's fans throughout the world, as well as those interested in early medieval Ireland, its culture, and its saints."--Yitzhak Hen, author of Roman Barbarians "This superb and stylishly executed work does a splendid job of surveying the life of Patrick, ending with a helpful overview of later developments of the saint in popular culture. Filling a gap, this impressive work will be gratefully received by historians of late antiquity and early medieval Britain and Ireland, and Celticists, not to mention a large body of general readers."--Mark Williams, author of Ireland's Immortals

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Book SynopsisIt is a must-have reference for biologists, psychologists, neuroscientists, and readers interested in animal behavior, ecology, and evolution.Trade ReviewDoty shakes up the field by challenging the sloppy research that some pheromone claims are based on. Australian Science 2010 A very thorough review of the literature on presumed mammalian pheromones. PsycCRITIQUES 2010 In this book, he brings together a wide-ranging and extensive literature to conclusively make his point. Along the way, he presents a fascinating tour of the diversity and complexity of chemical communication in mammals. Choice 2010 More than a survey of pheromones, this considers the entire perspective of chemical effects on behavior and is a pick for any college-level health collection. Midwest Book Review 2010 If this book were just a critique of mammalian pheromones, it would be a valuable contribution. It, however, goes further showing us how the pheromone concept has blinded us to the complex and multimodal character of olfactory phenomena and perception. American Journal of Human Biology 2010 The Great Pheromone Myth is a lovely mural of important developmental questions and phenomena.The book is also an excellent guide to a field of inquiry, a conceptual framework, and an admirable product of scholarship. It offers much to professionals and advanced students in wide range of sensory, behavioral, ecological, physiological, and even clinical fields. Developmental Psychobiology 2010 This is an important book as it challenges simplistic thinking by forensically and systematically dissecting studies that purport to adduce the evidence for mammalian pheromones... The Great Pheromone Myth will undoubtedly engender considerable debate, a debate that is long overdue. The Biologist 2010 When you read this book you are very likely to experience a shift from frustration to enlightenment. Far from thwarting your path to knowledge, Doty will remove some much neglected clutter and smooth the way to new understanding. ChemoSense 2011Table of ContentsPreface1. Introduction2. What Is a Mammalian Pheromone?3. Mammals Are Not Insects4. Scent Marking5. The Elusive SnarksCase Studies of Nonhuman Mammalian: "Releasing" Pheromones6. The Elusive SnarksCase Studies of Nonhuman Mammalian: "Priming" Pheromones7. Human Pheromones8. ImplicationsNotesReferencesName IndexSubject Index

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Book SynopsisPiecing together evidence from both molecular biology and the fossil record, Archibald shows how science is edging closer to understanding exactly what happened during the mass extinctions near the K/T boundary and the radiation that followed.Trade ReviewHighly recommended. Choice A learned essay, written clearly and attractively for students and the public. -- Michael J. Benton Cambridge Archaeological Journal What makes Archibald's book a highly recommendable example of the scientific process is that the author carefully lays out all the paleontological evidence available to him and uses that evidence to evaluate the many possible explanations of the extinction, discussing the strengths, weaknesses, and limitations of each explanation in the process. Reports of the National Center for Science Education This is a learned essay, written clearly and attractively for students and the public. -- Michael J. Benton Geological Magazine An excellent compendium of the current state of paleontological knowledge about the contemporaneous histories of these two groups. -- Mark A. McPeek Quarterly Review of Biology A highly recommendable example of the scientific process is that the author carefully lays out all the paleontological evidence available to him and uses that evidence to evaluate the many possible explanations of the extinction. -- P David Polly Reports of the National Center for Science Education The book itself is a handsome quarto volume illustrated by good drawings and graphs. It will be most useful to paleontologists, evolutionary biologists and biogeographers. It will stand as a good example of what can be accomplished in academia. Priscum, Newsletter of the Paleontological Society Books like Extinction and Radiation enable interested members of the general public to share in the excitement of the arugment. -- Nicholas Gould International Zoo News This volume is logically organized, easily readable, and a noteworthy synthesis of the current state of our knowledge of the disappearance of nonavian dinosaurs and mammalian radiation. It is a useful reference from an acknowledged authority in the field and valuable for students, teachers, scientists, and all people interested in the evolution and fate of our planet and its biodiversity. Journal of MammalogyTable of ContentsPreface1. The Late Cretaceous Nonavian Dinosaur Record2. In the Shadow of Nonavian Dinosaurs3. In Search of Our Most Ancient Eutherian Ancestors4. Patterns of Extinction at the K/ T Boundary5. Causes of Extinction at the K/ T Boundary6. After the Impact: Modern Mammals, When and WhenceEpilogueNotesReferencesIndex

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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