Biochemistry Books

Book SynopsisChemical and biochemical Laboratories are full of potentially dangerous chemicals and equipment. 'Safety in the Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory' provides the necessary information needed for working with these chemicals and apparatus to avoid: fires, explosions, toxic fumes, skin burns, poisoning and other hazards.Table of ContentsFrom the Contents: Chemical Risks: The Handling of Chemical Substances, Neutralization and Destruction of Chemical Substances/ Other Risks in the Chemistry Laboratory: Biological Risks, Laboratory Risks Associated with Non-Ionizing Radiation, Laboratory Risk Associated with Radioelements/ Bibliography/ Index/ Appendices

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Book SynopsisVolume 6 of the successful series ''Reviews in Computational Chemistry'' contains articles of interest to pharmaceutical chemists, biological chemists, chemical engineers, inorganic and organometallic chemists, synthetic organic chemists, polymer chemists, and theoretical chemists. The series is designed to help the chemistry community keep current with the many new developments in computational techniques. The writing style is refreshingly pedagogical and non-mathematical, allowing students and researchers access to computational methods outside their immediate area of expertise.Table of ContentsMethods for Computing Lipophilicity or LogP/ De Novo Ligand Design/ Computation of Interface Phenomena/ Continuum Solvation Models for Semiempirical Caclulations/ Modeling Sorption and Catalysis/ Modeling of Homopolymers/ Empirical Force Fields for Inorganics and Organometallics/ Massive Parallelism in Chemistry/ Synthesis Planning

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Book SynopsisProtein chemistry has entered a revolutionary era due to the introduction of genetic engineering for modifying protein structure, as well as the application of advanced computer technology to the study of proteins. By supplementing the traditional ways of studying protein behavior with these newer methods, food processors will be able to resolve difficult problems without using the costly trial-and-error-method so common in the past. This book gives the reader a good foundation in the basics of modern protein chemistry and to show how applications of these concepts to food proteins helps explain their roles in food processing.Table of ContentsAn Overview. Physical and Chemical Properties of Amino Acids and Proteins. Denaturation of Proteins. Functional Properties of Proteins. Chemical and Enzymatic Modifications of Proteins. Nutritional Value of Proteins from Different Food Sources. Protein Analysis 1: Quantification and Physical Characterization. Thermal Analysis. Seperation and Purification. Biotechnology. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis is the first book to present a topical overview of the research and development of microbial polyesters. Comprehensive and amply illustrated, it covers the * biosynthesis * structure * properties * applications of these biodegradable and biocompatible thermoplastics. The book provides the reader with the necessary background to understand the nature and mechanism of biological polymerization. It unites aspects from both the biological and polymer sciences and is a typical modern example of the analysis of biological macromolecules.Table of ContentsChapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Microbial Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) 1.2 Microbial Poly(hydroxyalkanoates) 1.3 Environmentally Degradable Polyesters References Chapter 2 Fermentation and Analysis of Microbial Polyesters 2.1 Fermentation Production 2.1.1 Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) 2.1.2 Poly(hydroxyalkanoates) 2.2 Polymer Isolation 2.2.1 Solvent Extraction 2.2.2 Alkaline Hypochlorite Treatment 2.2.3 Enzyme Treatment 2.3 Analysis 2.3.1 Polyester Content of Cells 2.3.2 Composition of Copolymers 2.3.3 Molecular Weight References Chapter 3 Microorganisms and Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) 3.1 Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) in Microorganisms 3.1.1 Functions of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) 3.1.2 Structure of Native P(3HB) Granules 3.2 Biosynthesis of Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) 3.2.1 Alcaligenes eutrophus 3.2.2 Pseudomonas oleovorans 3.2.3 Other Bacterial Strains 3.3 Molecular Structures of Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) 3.3.1 Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyalerate) 3.3.2 Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates-co-3-hydroxy--chloroalkanoates) References Chapter 4 Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) Metabolism 4.1 Pathways of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Synthesis 4.2 Pathways of Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) Synthesis 4.3 Enzymology of Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) Synthesis 4.3.1 3-Ketothiolase 4.3.2 Acetoacetyl-CoA Reductase 4.3.3 P(3HB) Synthase 4.4 Pathways of P(3-hydroxybutyrate) Degradation 4.5 Cyclic Nature of Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) Metabolism 4.5.1 Replacement of P(3HB) by P(3HB-co-3HV) 4.5.2 Replacement of P(3HB-co-3HV) by P(3HB) 4.5.3 Application to PHA Fermentation References Chapter 5 Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) 5.1 Alcaligenes eutrophus and Carbon Substrates 5.2 Molecular Structure 5.3 Biosynthetic Pathway References Chapter 6 Structure and Properties of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) 6.1 Crystal Structure and Properties 6.1.1 Crystal Structure 6.1.2 Solid-State Properties 6.2 Solution Properties References Chapter 7 Solid-State Properties of Copolyesters 7.1 Composition and Physical Properties 7.1.1 X-Ray Diffraction Analysis 7.1.2 Solid-State CP/MAS 13C-NMR Analysis 7.1.3 Mechanical Properties 7.2 Thermal Properties 7.2.1 Melting Temperatures 7.2.2 Glass-Transition Temperatures 7.2.3 Thermal Stability 7.3 Kinetics of Crystallization References Chapter 8 Biodegradation of Microbial Polyesters 8.1 Extracellular P(3HB) Depolymerase 8.1.1 Pseudomonas lemoignei 8.1.2 Alcaligenes faecalis 8.2 Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Copolyesters 8.3 Simple Hydrolysis of Polyesters 8.4 Applications and Prospects 8.4.1 Environmentally Degradable Plastics 8.4.2 Medical Applications References Index

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Book SynopsisThe text will provide a set of problems covering mechanistic, structural and spectroscopic issues in inorganic chemistry. Specific areas to be covered include coordination chemistry, physiochemical aspects of solution chemistry, inorganic chemistry of biological systems (both natural biomolecules and bioinorganic models). Illustrative worked examples will be included. The problems will be categorized by topic chapters for ease of reference and use in courses. They will provide a valuable resource for instructors, providing a means of testing and developing the many principles covered in texts and advanced courses. Often students find it difficult to find practical problems to test the principles they have learned in class. This text will provide a series of questions to test understanding and worked examples as a pedagogical aid.Table of ContentsFundamentals of Inorganic Biochemistry. Experimental Methods. Transport and Storage. Metalloproteins and Metalloenzymes: (I) Oxygen Carriers and Hydrolases. Metalloproteins and Metalloenzymes: (II) Redox Chemistry. Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals. Metals in the Regulation of Biochemical Events. Cell Toxicity and Chemotherapeutics. Metal Complexes as Probes of Structure and Reactivity. Case Studies. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisEnzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts--agents that permits a reaction to occur at a faster rate or under milder conditions such as lower temperatures. Industrial enzymes are those catalysts used on large production-oriented scales to aid the reactions of mass quantities of chemicals.Table of ContentsGeneral Characteristics of Technical Enzymes. Description of Enzymes. Carrier-Bound Enzymes: Methods of Immobilization. Application of Technical Enzyme Preparations. Legal Considerations. Economic Considerations for the Use of Technical Enzymes. The Market for Technical Enzyme Preparations. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisThermodynamics of Biochemical Reactions emphasizes the fundamental equations of thermodynamics and the application of these equations to systems of biochemical reactions. This emphasis leads to new thermodynamic potentials that provide criteria for spontaneous change and equilibrium under the conditions in a living cell.Trade Review"Through the writing of his new book, Professor Alberty has performed a great service to future textbook authors and to their readers, as well as to the biochemical community in general.” (Biochemistry and Molecular Education, Nov/Dec 2003) "...a useful learning device...through the writing of his new book, Professor Alberty has performed a great service to future textbook authors and their readers, as well as to the biochemical community in general." (Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education,Vol. 31, No. 6) "...this book will prove useful for students and working biochemists...highly recommended..." (Choice, September 2003) "...emphasizes the application of the fundamental equations of thermodynamics to systems of enzyme-catalyzed reactions making up the metabolism of living organisms." (Pharmaceutical Research, Vol. 20, No. 9, September 2003) "...written by the most experienced authority in this field...well-written and -organized, and nicely produced..." (Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol 42(37), 2003) "...the authors are to be congratulated on producing an updated, valuable and comprehensive review of the field..." (ChemPhysChem, Vol 5, 2004)Table of ContentsPreface. Chapter 1. Introduction to Apparent Equilibrium Constants. Chapter 2. Structure of Thermodynamics. Chapter 3. Chemical Equilibrium in Aqueous Solutions. Chapter 4. Thermodynamics of Biochemical Reactions at Specified pH. Chapter 5. Matrices in Chemical and Biochemical Thermodynamics. Chapter 6. Systems of Biochemical Reactions. Chapter 7. Thermodynamics of Binding of the Ligands by Proteins. Chapter 8. Phase Equilibrium in Aqueous Systems. Chapter 9. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions. Chapter 10. Calorimetry of Biochemical Reactions. Chapter 11. Use of Semigrand Partition Functions. Glossary. References.

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Book SynopsisThe Nuclear Overhauser Effect (NOE) is an important branch of NMR spectroscopy concerned with structural and conformational problems.Trade Review"Describes the theory of the nuclear Overhauser effect, discusses the considerations involved in implementing NOE experiments, and offers examples..." (SciTech Book News, Vol. 24, No. 4, December 2000)Table of ContentsTHEORY. Background. The Steady-State NOE for Two Spins. The Steady-State NOE in Rigid Multispin Systems. The Kinetics of the NOE. The Effects of Exchange and Internal Motion. Complications from Spin-Spin Coupling. EXPERIMENTAL. One-Dimensional Experiments. The Two-Dimensional NOESY Experiment. Other Developments. APPLICATIONS. Applications of the NOE to Structure Elucidation. Applications of the NOE to Conformational Analysis. Calculating Structures of Biopolymers. Biopolymers. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisToxicology--the scientific study of environmental factors that are harmful to living organisms--was established more than 400 years ago by the Swiss physician Paracelsus.Table of ContentsIntroduction to Toxicology. Epidemiological and Toxicological Studies. Routes of Exposure. The Dose-Response Relationship. Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Elimination of Toxics. Target Organ Effects. Survey of Toxic Substances. Radiation, Pathogens, and Naturally Occurring Toxins. Mutagens, Teratogens, and Carcinogens. Risk Assessment and Acute Exposure Treatment. Glossary. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisOver the past twenty years, muscle food quality has become an active area of research, encompassing many new nutritional approaches and technologies. Now for the first time, Eric Decker and Cameron Faustman, two major contributors to this area, address key issues and concerns regarding the impact of dietary antioxidants on meat.Trade Review"This book should stimulate discussion in food science departments worldwide" (Food Science & Technology Today, Vol 14/4, 2000) "...has great informative value...very important source of sound information...recommended..." (Journal of Food Biochemistry, Vol. 26, 2003)Table of ContentsOXIDATIVE PROCESSES IN MUSCLE FOODS. Oxidation of Lipids in Muscle Foods: Fundamental and Applied Concerns (F. Monahan). Mechanisms of Endogenous Skeletal Muscle Antioxidants: Chemical and Physical Aspects (E. Decker, et al.). Antioxidant Activity of Carotenoids in Muscle Foods (A. Mortensen & L. Skibsted). Protein Oxidation and Implications for Muscle Food Quality (Y. Xiong). Oxidative Processes and Myoglobin (M. Renerre). Potential Mechanisms by Which Vitamin E Improves Oxidative Stability of Myoglobin (C. Faustman & K.-W. Wang). UTILIZATION OF DIETARY STRATEGIES TO INFLUENCE THE ANTIOXIDANT COMPOSITION OF MUSCLE. Potential for Altering Quality of Muscle and Milk from Ruminants (D. Schaefer). Monogastric Nutrition and Potential for Improving Muscle Quality (C. Wenk, et al.). Improvement of Oxidative Stability of Beef and Lamb with Vitamin E (J. Kerry, et al.). Vitamin E and the Oxidative Stability of Pork and Poultry (P. Morrissey, et al.). Dietary Delivery of Carotenoids (O. Torrissen). Dietary Delivery versus Exogenous Addition of Antioxidants (M. Mitsumoto). Dietary Treatment and Quality Characteristics in Mediterranean Meat Products (C. Lopez-Bote). Alteration of Cooked and Processed Meat Properties via Dietary Supplementation of Vitamin E (G. Bertelsen, et al.). SCIENTIFIC AND ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF MUSCLE WITH ALTERED COMPOSITION. Economic Implications of Improved Color Stability in Beef (G. Smith, et al.). Potential Interactions Between Antioxidants and Microbial Meat Quality (J. Sofos, et al.). Utilizing Diet to Incorporate Bioactive Compounds and Improve the Nutritional Quality of Muscle Foods (B. Lynch & J. Kerry). About OECD. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis volume describes the complete process of analyzing protein sequences by mass spectrometry including sample preparation, analysis, and data interpretation at a practical level. It provides sufficient experimental detail to carry out the experiments and consistently achieve good results.Trade Review"[the authors] present their own laboratory-tested protocols for the analysis of a wide variety of samples, providing sufficient detail for duplication of their methods..." (SciTech Book News Vol. 25, No. 2 June 2001) "...an informative, well-written and well-illustrated book with a large number of useful references.... It should prove invaluable to anyone working in the field of protein sequencing." (Spectroscopyeurope.com)Table of ContentsAn Introduction to Protein Sequencing Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry. The Primary Structure of Proteins and a Historical Overview of Protein Sequencing. Fundamental Mass Spectrometry. Collisionally Induced Dissociation of Protonated Peptide Ions and the Interpretation of Product Ion Spectra. Basic Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis. The Preparation of Protein Digests for Mass Spectrometric Sequencing Experiments. Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Tryptic Digests. Protein Identification by Database Searching. Sequence Analysis of Novel Proteins. The Characterization of Post-Translationally Modified Proteins Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Index.

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Book SynopsisStereoisomers are compounds with the same chemical formula and the same connectivity, but different arrangements in three-dimensional space. The study of stereoisomers and their chemical effects is known as stereochemistry. Despite having identical chemical formulae, stereoisomers can have drastically different biological properties.Trade Review"Written for advanced undergraduate students, this book explains the concepts and properties of stereoisomers..." (SciTech Book News, Vol. 25, No. 3, September 2001) "the book has much to offer to both industrial and academic chemists of all levels." (Synthesis, No.15, 2001) "this is an excellent well-written textbook that should be in every library" (Organic Process Research & Development) "a comprehensive and authoritative reference volume - the 'bible' of organic stereochemistry" (Perkin Transactions, No.21, 2001) "I endorse this book without reservations" Chemweb book of the week (The Alchemist, 9 April 2002)Table of ContentsPreface. Introduction. Structure. Stereoisomers. Symmetry. Configuration. Properties of Stereoisomers and Stereoisomer Discrimination. Separation of Stereoisomers, Resolution, and Racemization. Heterotopic Ligands and Faces: Prostereoisomerism Prochirality. Stereochemistry of Alkenes. Conformation of Acyclic Molecules. Configuration and Conformation of Cyclc Molecules. Stereoselective Synthesis. Chiroptical Properties. Chirality in Molecules Devoid of Chiral Centers. Glossary. Index.

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Book SynopsisProvides a comprehensive overview of direct and indirect effects of air pollutants on plant life. This book covers both physiological and biochemical impacts as well as effects at the whole plant/ecological level.Trade Review"...should be studied by many, whose interest lies in the preservation of air quality..." (International Journal of Environment Studies, Vol.60, No.2, 2003) "...Bell and Treshow have produced what I suspect will be a classic. (Times Higher Educational Supplement, 30 May 2003)Table of ContentsIntroduction (Nigel Bell & Michael Treshaw) Historical Perspective (Michael Treshaw & Nigel Bell) Emissions, Dispersion, Atmospheric Transformation (Roy Colville) Deposition and Uptake by Vegetation (David Fowler) Effects of Oxidants at the Biochemical, Cell and Physiological Levels with Particular Reference to Ozone (Stephen Long and Shawna Naidu) Effects of Oxidants at the Whole Plant and Community level (Michael Ashmore) Nitrogen Oxides: Old Problems and new Challenges (Terry Mansfield) Effects of Sulphur Dioxide (Allan Legge & Sagar Krupa) Effects of Fluorides (Len Weinstein & Del McCune) Effects of Volatile Organic Compounds (Christopher Collins & Nigel Bell) Effects of Particulates (Andrew Farmer) Effects of Increased Nitrogen Deposition (Roland Bobbink & Leon Laners) Effects of Wet Deposited Acidity (Trevor Ashenden) Effects of Pollutant Mixtures (Andreas Fangmeier, Juergen Bender, Hans-Joachim Weigel & Hans-Juergen Jager) Forest Decline and Air Pollution: An Assessment of "Forest Health" in the Forests of Europe, the Northeastern United States and Southeastern Canada (John Innes & John Skelly) Effects of Acidic Deposition on Aquatic Ecosystems (Ronald Harriman, Richard Batterbee & Don Monteith) Effects on Bryophytes and Lichens (Jeffrey Bates) Modification of Plant Response by Environmental Conditions (Gina Mills) Air Pollutant - Abiotic Stress Interactions (Alan Davison & Jeremy Barnes) Effects of Air pollutants on Biotic Stresses (Walter Fluckiger, Sabine Braun & Erika Hiltbrunner) Effects of Air Pollutants in Developing Countries (Fiona Marshall) Air Quality Guidelines and their Role in Pollution Control Policy (Michael Ashmore) Air Pollution and Climate Change (Victor Runeckles) Future Research Priorities and Directions (Nigel Bell)

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Book SynopsisProvides a comprehensive overview of the direct and indirect effects of air pollutants on plant life. This book also covers both physiological and biochemical impacts as well as larger-scale effects at the whole plant/ecological level. It is useful for students in Environmental Science, and Biological Science and Agriculture.Trade Review"...should be studied by many, whose interest lies in the preservation of air quality..." (International Journal of Environment Studies, Vol.60, No.2, 2003) "...Bell and Treshow have produced what I suspect will be a classic. (Times Higher Educational Supplement, 30 May 2003)Table of ContentsIntroduction (Nigel Bell & Michael Treshaw) Historical Perspectives (Michael Treshaw & Nigel Bell) Emissions, Dispersion and Atmospheric Transformation (Roy Colville) Deposition and Uptake by Vegetation (David Fowler) Effects of Oxidants at the Biochemical, Cell and Physiological Levels with Particular Reference to Ozone (Stephen Long and Shawna Naidu) Effects of Oxidants at the Whole Plant and Community Level (Michael Ashmore) Nitrogen Oxides: Old Problems and New Challenges (Terry Mansfield) Effects of Sulphur Dioxide (Allan Legge & Sagar Krupa) Effects of Fluorides (Len Weinstein & Del McCune) Effects of Volatile Organic Compounds (Christopher Collins & Nigel Bell) Effects of Particulates (Andrew Farmer) Effects of Increased Nitrogen Deposition (Roland Bobbink & Leon Laners) Effects of Wet Deposited Acidity (Trevor Ashenden) Effects of Pollutant mixtures (Andreas Fangmeier, Juergen Bender, Hand-Joachim Weigel & Hans-Juergen Jager) Forest Decline and Air Pollution: An Assessment of "Forest Health" in the Forests of Europe, the Northeastern United States and Southeastern Canada (John Innes & John Skelly) Effects of Acidic Deposition on Aquatic Ecosystems (Ronald Harriman, Ricahrd Battarbee & Don Monteith) Effects on Bryophytes and Lichens (Jeffrey Bates) Modifications of Plant Response by Environmental Conditions (Gina Mills) Air Pollutant - Abiotic Stress Interactions (Alan Davison & Jeremy Barnes) Effects of Air Pollutants on Biotic Stresses (Walter Fluckiger, Sabine Braun & Erika Hiltbrunner) Effects of Air Pollutants in Developing Countries (Fiona Marshall) Air Quality Guidelines and their Role in Pollution Control Policy (Michael Ashmore) Air Pollution and Climate Change (Victor Runeckles) Future Research Priorities and Directions (Nigel Bell)

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Book SynopsisChromium in the Natural and Human Environments Edited by Jerome O. Nriagu and Evert Nieboer Essential reading for researchers and students of environmental and occupational health effects of metals. --The Science of the Total Environment Representing the most comprehensive coverage to date on the uses of chromium, its sources (both natural and anthropogenic), and occurrence in the air, water, and soil, this timely volume addresses the growing concern about chromium''s ultimate effect on the environment. The toxicity of chromium to terrestrial and aquatic biota is examined in relation to its chemistry and biochemistry, with discussion of toxicological models of chromium hypersensitivity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and toxicokinetics. Features include graphical representation of the voluminous mutagenicity and animal carcinogenicity data according to chromium compound type. 1988 (0 471-85643-6) 571 pp. Cadmium in the Aquatic Environment Edited by Jerome O. Nriagu and John B. SpragueTable of ContentsPartial table of contents: Biological Utilization of Nickel (R. Hausinger). Occupational Exposures to Nickel (E. Nieboer). Toxicokinetics of Nickel in Humans (F. Sunderman). Urinary Excretion of Nickel in Nickel-Chromium Electroplaters (M.White & A. Boran). Renal Toxicity of Nickel in Humans (W. Sanford & E.Nieboer). Nickel Contact Hypersensitivity (T. Menne). Nickel and The Immune System: Current Concepts (S. Nicklin & G.Nielsen). Role of Ni(II) in Mutation (N. Christie, et al.). Animal Studies: An Overview (K. Kasprzak). Inhalation Toxicity of Nickel Compounds (J. Dunnick, et al.). Nickel-Induced Derangements of Thermoregulation (S. Hopfer & F.Sunderman). Placental Metabolism of Nickel (B. Sarkar, et al.). Recent Follow-up of Nickel Refinery Workers in Norway andRespiratory Cancer (A. Andersen). Index.

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Book SynopsisExplores the latest findings for both selective and efficient separation devices in the field of kidney research. It is divided into three major sections. Part one deals with the ``biochemistry'''' part of the problem, including how to identify ligands of interest, how to link them to synthetic membranes, and some kinetic limitations of frontal elution chromatography. The second part comprehensively discusses the various substrata used in affinity separations and the formation processes of semi-permeable membranes. The final section explores the filtration processes using membranes and the kinetics of separations based on affinity membranes.Table of ContentsAffinity Adsorption. Substrates. Binding Chemistries. Ligand Types. Capacity of Affinity Matrices. Membrane Formation. Characterization. Microfiltration. Applications for Affinity Microfiltration Membranes. Appendix. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis work is a reference to give analytical chemists a survey of advances in element speciation. This is an analytical art of growing importance in toxicology, environmental science, nutritional research, clinical chemistry and pharmacology.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Chemical Speciation: A Decade of Progress (S. Caroli). Nonchromatographic Methods for Element Speciation by AtomicSpectrometry (M. de la Guardia). Development of New Methods for Speciation Analysis (I.Urasa). Quality Control of Results of Speciation Analysis (Ph. Quevauviller, et al.). Aluminium and Silicon Speciation in Biological Materials ofClinical Relevance (A. Sanz-Medel, et al.). Organotin Compounds in Marine Organisms (S. Chiavarini, etal.). Tin Speciation Monitoring in Estuarine and Coastal Environments(Ph. Quevauviller and O. Donard). Problems of Speciation of Elements in Natural Waters: The Case ofChromium and Selenium (L. Campanella). Arsenic Speciation and Health Aspects (S. Caroli, et al.). Index.

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Book SynopsisThis investigation of a deadly toxin and its impact on ecology and human health contains a thorough treatment of the chemical nature of arsenic, its environmental behaviour and its measurement.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Arsenic: Historical Perspectives (J. Azcue & J. Nriagu). Arsenic Distribution in Soils (H. Yan-Chu). Arsenic Mobilization and Bioavailability in Soils (D. Bhumbla &R. Keefer). Mobilization of Arsenic in Contaminated River Waters (W. Mok &C. Wai). Removal of Arsenic in Drinking Water Treatment (M. Jekel). Biotransformation of Arsenic in the Freshwater Environment (S.Maeda). The Chemical Forms of Arsenic in Aquatic Organisms and TheirInterrelationships (D. Phillips). Arsenic in Several Chinese Estuaries and Coastal Seas (L. Xiankun,et al.). Arsenic in Vegetation of Wetlands (M. Otte & W. Ernst). Arsenic Minerals Formed at Low Temperatures (F.Schaufelberger). Index.

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Book SynopsisThis introduction to the subject of free radicals includes a selection of fundamental and important material extracted from the vast reference literature available.Table of ContentsBasic Concepts: Electron and Nuclear Spin Angular Momentum. Electron Spin Resonance. Overview of Diradicals and Triplet States. Radical Pairs. CIDNP and CIDEP. The Small Radicals. Radical Sources 1: Diacyl Peroxides and Peresters. Radical Sources 2. Selected Alkyl Radicals. Conjugated Carbon Radicals. Synthetic Applications. Electron Transfer and Related Concepts. Index.

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive, up-to-date treatment of the biochemistry essential for an understanding of molecular and cellular biological processes. This third edition offers new units covering the chemistry of life, bioenergetics, energy transfer molecules, regulation of enzymes and reaction sequences, lab techniques for purification of proteins and nucleic acids, and lab techniques of molecular genetics. Also, each unit contains more applications to biological systems. The text provides a well-organized and rigorous approach suitable for classroom use or self-instruction. Each unit begins with a 1- to 2-page presentation of basic concepts, followed by about 20 questions and problems with sample responses. Self-tests appear after every 2 to 3 units and there is a cumulative self-test at the end of the book.Table of ContentsIntroduction to the Chemistry of Life. Particles, Atoms, and Molecules. Chemical Groups. Ions, Ionic Bonds, and Crystals. Polarity, Hydrogen Bonds, Solubility, and HydrophobicInteractions. Chemical Equilibrium. Carbohydrates I: Monosaccharides and Related Molecules. Carbohydrates II: Disaccharides, and Polysaccharides. Amino Acids. Proteins I: Peptide Bonding and Polypeptides. Proteins II: Levels of Structure and Conjugated Proteins. Lipids: Fats, Phospholipids, Sterols, and Prostaglandins. Nucleic Acids. Bioenergetics. Energy Transfer Molecules. Enzymes. Regulation of Enzymes and Reaction Sequences. Molecular Weight and Molar, Percent, Mg Percent, and ppmSolutions. pH and H?+ Concentration. Weak Acids, Dissociation Constants, and Buffers. Self-Test. Laboratory Methods. Cumulative Self-Test. Index.

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Book SynopsisDrug Metabolism in Drug Design and Development provides a practical description of what happens during the drug design and development process and focuses on issues such as: what data are needed; what experiments and analytical methods are typically employed; and how to interpret and apply data.Trade Review"I highly recommend this book to anyone interested in drug metabolism." (Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2008)Table of ContentsPreface. Contributors. Part I: Basic Concepts of Drug Metabolism. 1. Overview: Drug Metabolism in the Modern Pharmaceutical Industry (Scott J. Grossman) 2. Oxidative, Reductive, and Hydrolytic Metabolism of Drugs (F. Peter Guengerich) 3. Conjugative Metabolism of Drugs (Rory Remmel, Swati Nagar and Upendra Argikar) 4. Enzyme Kinetics (Timothy S. Tracy) 5. Metabolism-Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions (Hongjian Zhang, Michael W. Sinz, and A. David Rodrigues) 6. Drug Transporters in Drug Disposition, Drug Interactions, and Drug Resistance (Cindy Q. Xia, Johnny J. Yang, and Suresh K. balani) 7. Regulatory Considerations of Drug Metabolism and Drug Interaction Studies (Xiaoxiong Wei and Mingshe Zhu) Part II: Role of Drug Metabolism in the Pharmaceutical Industry. 8. Drug Metabolism Research as an Integral Part of the Drug Discovery Process (W. Griffith Humphreys) 9. Role of Drug Metabosim in Drug Development (Ramaswamy Iyer and Donglu Zhang) Part III: Analytical techniques in Drug Metabolism. 10. Applications of Liquid Radiochromatography Techniques in Drug Metabolism Studies (Mingshe Zhu, Weiping Zhao, and W. Griffith Humphreys) 11. Application of Liquid Chromatogrpahy/Mass Spectrometry for Metabolite Identification (Shuguang Ma and Swapan K. Chowdhury) 12. Introductin to NMR and Its Application in Metabolite Structure Determination (Xiaohua Huang, Robert Powers, Adrienne Tymiak, Robert Espina, and Vikram Roongta) Part IV: Common Experimental Approaches and Protocols. 13. Determination of Metabolic Rats and Enzyme Kinetics (Zhi-Yi Zhang and Laurence S. Kaminsky) 14. Protocols for Assessment of In vitro and In vivo Bioactivation Potential of Drug Candidates (Zhoupeng Zhang and Jinping Gan) 15. Reaction Phenotyping (Susan Hurst, J. Andrew Williams, and Steven Hansel) 16. Analysis of In vitro Cytochrome P450 Inhibition in Drug Discovery and Development (Magang Shou and Renke Dai) 17. Testing Drug Candidates for CYP3A4 Induction (Gang Luo, Liang-Shang Gan, and Thomas M. Guenthner) 18. ADME Studies in Animals and Humans: Experimental Design, Metabolite Profoling and Identification, and Data Presentation (Donglu Zhang and S. Nilgun Comezoglu) Index.

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Book SynopsisProteomics provides an introductory insight on proteomics, discussing the basic principles of the field, how to apply specific technologies and instrumentation, and example applications in human health and diseases.Trade Review"The Author offers an expert perspective on the entire field, including: Easily accessible overview of the principles of proteomics; Coverage of real-world, cutting-edge medical applications, including personalized medicine; Clear guidelines on how to operate the complex instrumentation involved in proteomics; Discussion of the future of proteomics". (Anticancer Research, 1 August 2010) This book provides a highly authoritative introduction to the promising and fast-advancing field of proteomics, examining the role proteomics plays in the study of biological systems in general and disease in particular. It helps readers understand the structure, function, and interactions of proteins and how this knowledge is used for identifying diseases and developing new drugs." (Forbes.com, 1 November 2010) "For undergraduate and graduate biology and non-biology students and new researchers, Mishra (molecular genetics and genomics, U. of South Carolina) introduces the field of proteomics and its role in the study of biological systems and disease." (Book News, September 2010)Table of ContentsFOREWORD. PREFACE. ABOUT THE AUTHOR. CHAPTER 1 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES. 1.1. Introduction to Proteomics. 1.2. Proteome and Proteomics. 1.3. Genetics of Proteins. 1.4. Molecular Biology of Genes and Proteins. 1.5. Protein Chemistry Before Proteomics. References. Further Reading. CHAPTER 2 PROTEOMICS—RELATION TO GENOMICS, BIOINFORMATICS. 2.1. Genomics. 2.2. Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. References. Further Reading. CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY FOR SEPARATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PROTEINS AND THEIR INTERACTIONS. 3.1. Separation of Proteins Via a Multidimensional Approach. 3.2. Determination of the Primary Structure of Proteins. 3.3. Determination of the 3D Structure of a Protein. 3.4. Determination of the Amount of Proteins. 3.5. Structural and Functional Proteomics. References. Further Reading. CHAPTER 4 PROTEOMICS OF PROTEIN MODIFICATIONS. 4.1. Phosphorylation and Phosphoproteomics. 4.2. Glycosylation and Glycoproteomics. 4.3. Ubiquitination and Ubiquitinomics. 4.4. Miscellaneous Modifications of Proteins. References. Further Reading. CHAPTER 5 PROTEOMICS OF PROTEIN–PROTEIN INTERACTIONS/INTERACTOMES. 5.1. Protein—Protein Interactions (PPI) in Vivo. 5.2. Analysis of Protein Interactions in Vitro. 5.3. Analysis of Protein Interactions in Silico. 5.4. Synthetic Genetic Methods to Determine Protein Interactions. 5.5. Interactomes. 5.6. Evolution and Conservation of Interactomes. 5.7. Interactomes and the Complexity of Organisms: It is the Number of Interactomes that Matters in Understanding the Complexity of an Organism and not the Number of Genes. 5.8. Interaction of Proteins with Small Molecules. References. Further Reading. CHAPTER 6 APPLICATIONS OF PROTEOMICS I: PROTEOMICS, HUMAN DISEASE, AND MEDICINE. 6.1. Diseasome. 6.2. Medical Proteomics. 6.3. Clinical Proteomics. 6.4. Metaproteomics and Human Health. 6.5. Proteomics in Biotechnology and Industry of Drug Production. 6.6. Metaproteomics of Microbial Fermentation. 6.7. Beef Industry. 6.8. Bioterrorism and Biodefense. References. Further Reading. CHAPTER 7 PROTEOMICS—FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS. 7.1. Technical Scope of Proteomics—Beyond Protein Identification. 7.2. Scientific Scope of Proteomics—Control of Epigenesis. 7.3. Medical Scope of Proteomics. 7.4. Proteomics, Energy Production, and Bioremediation. 7.5. Proteomics and Biodefense. References. Further Reading. INDEX.

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Book SynopsisRedox Biochemistry provides an excellent text and useful resource for students and practicing researches on redox biochemistry in medical biochemistry, enzyme structure and catalysis, environmental biochemistry, and nutrition.Table of ContentsContributors. List of Abbreviations. Preface. 1. Redox Metabolism and Life (Ruma Banerjee) 2. Antioxidant Molecules and Redox Cofactors (Donald Becker) 3. Antioxidant Enzymes (Vadim Gladyshev) 4. Redox Regulation of Physiological Processes (Martin Dickman) 5. Pathological Processes Related to Redox (Ruma Banerjee) 6. Specialized Methods (Stephen Ragsdale) 7. Index.

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Book SynopsisProvides a comprehensive chemical and biochemical treatment on the effects of chromium in the environment and in man. Such an integrated treatment of the chemical and biochemical aspects of chromium is novel and has not appeared in the published literature. Reviews the information on global cycling and environmental occurrence of chromium compounds, which defines the extent of the environmental and toxicological concern. The treatment of chromium chemistry provides the basis for toxicological models of chromium hypersensitivity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and toxicokinetics. Chapters contain graphical representations of the voluminous mutagenicity and animal carcinogenicity data according to chromium compound type, and a tabular summary of all published epidemiological data, broken down according to industry. Also covers clinical patterns, prognosis, pathogenesis, prophylaxis, and environmental and biological monitoring.Table of ContentsHistorical Perspectives (J. Nriagu). Biological Chemistry of Chromium (E. Nieboer & A. Jusys). Production and Uses of Chromium (J. Nriagu). Atmospheric Emissions of Chromium from Natural and AnthropogenicSources (J. Pacyna & J. Nriagu). Distribution and Characteristic Features of Chromium in theAtmosphere (J. Nriagu, et al.). Geochemistry of Chromium in the Oceans (L. Mayer). Occurrence and Distribution of Chromium in Natural Waters of India(B. Handa). Chromium Contamination of Groundwater (L. Calder). Chromium Removal from Industrial Wastewaters (S. Beszedits). Mobility and Bioavailability of Chromium in Soils (R. Bartlett& B. James). Chromium Toxicity to Algae and Bacteria (P. Wong & J.Trevors). The Significance of the Interactions of Chromium and Bacteria inAquatic Habitats (M. Loutit, et al.). Chromium Toxicity: Effects of Microogranisms with Special Referenceto the Soil Matrix (R. Coleman). Genetic Approaches in the Study of Chromium Toxicity and Resistancein Yeast and Bacteria (B.-I. Ono). The Toxicity of Chromium to Fish (D. Holdway) Mutagenic and OtherGenotoxic Effects of Chromium Compounds (E. Nieboer & S.Shaw). Carcinogenicity of Chromium Compounds (A. Yassi & E.Nieboer). Chromium Hypersensitivity (A. Haines & E. Nieboer). Other Health Effects of Chromium Compounds (E. Nieboer & A.Yassi). Index.

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Book SynopsisPresents a comprehensive account of current research on the chemistry and toxicology of cadmium in natural waters. Discusses the sources, distribution, and fate of cadmium in aquatic ecosystems, including coverage of the biocycling and exotoxicity of cadmium to materia and fresh water biota. A succinct review of the analytical chemistry of cadmium in natural waters is also included. The contributors emphasize general principles rather than comprehensive documentation, making this volume accessible to a wide audience. The technical information helps provide the scientific rationale needed in the continuing effort to establish water quality criteria and standards for cadmium.Table of ContentsDistribution and Cycling of Cadmium in the Environment (J. M.Bewers, et al.). Evidence for Anthropogenic Modification of Global Transport ofCadmium (P. A. Yeats & J. M. Bewers). Cadmium in Freshwaters: The Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River (K. R. Lum). Cadmium Associations in Freshwater and Marine (I. R.McCracken). Toxicity of Cadmium to Freshwater Microorganisms Phytoplankton andInvertebrates (P. T. S. Wong). Effects of Cadmium on Freshwater Fish (J. B. Sprague). Effects of Cadmium on Marine Biota (D. W. McLeese, et al.). Biological Cycling of Cadmium in the Marine Environment (S. Ray& D. W. McLeese). Methods of Cadmium Detection (R. W. Dabeka & M. Ihnat). Index.

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Book SynopsisThis reference work focuses on the enzyme systems that participate in the metabolism of chemicals and other xenobiotics, with emphasis being placed on drug metabolism. Each chapter focuses on a specific enzyme system.Trade Review"an invaluable reference book" (ISSX Newsletter, Summer 2002)Table of ContentsXenobiotic Metabolism: An Overview (Ionnides) Cytochrome P450 (Guengerich) Flavin Monooxygenases (Cashman) Amine Oxidases and the Metabolism of Xenobiotics (Tipton and Benedetti) Molybdenum Hydroxylases (Beedham) Prostaglandin Synthases (Degen et al) Lipoxygenases (Kulkarni) UDP-Glucuronosyltranferases (Bock) Glutathione S-transferases (Sherratt and Hayes) Sulphotransferases (Glatt) Arylamine Acetyltransferases (Levy and Weber) Mammalian Xenobiotic Epoxide Hydrolases (Arand and Oesch) Methyltransferases (Creveling) The Amino Acid Conjugations (Steventon and Hutt) Deconjugating Enzymes; Sulphatases and Glucuronidases (Kunert-Keil et al) Nitroreductases and Azoreductases (Zbaida)

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Book SynopsisIn recent years, organo-fluorine chemistry has made a marked impacton the design and synthesis of a large variety of biologicallyactive molecules, such as steroids, carbohydrates, amines, aminoacids, peptides and other natural products. Naturally occurringamino acids play a pivotal role in living systems, and thereforesynthetic fluorine-containing amino acids have been of significantinterest to researchers working towards the understanding andmodification of physiological processes. Fluorine-containing AminoAcids: * is the first volume devoted to the synthesis and properties offluorine-containing amino acids * pays special attention to the preparation of enantiomericallypure acids (which are essential to the modern pharmaceuticalindustry) * deals with a rapidly expanding field of research * has been written by experienced researchers who are responsiblefor many developments in the field * highlights the interdisciplinary nature of this topic Fluorine-containingTable of ContentsPartial table of contents: Syntheses of Fluorine-Containing Amino Acids by Methods ofClassical Amino Acid Chemistry (V. Tolman). Preparation of Fluorine-Containing Amino Acids by Methods ofOrganofluorine Chemistry (V. Kukhar). Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Amino Acids by Means ofHomogeneous Catalysis (I. Ojima & Q. Dong). Synthesis of beta-Fluorine-Containing Amino Acids (N. Sewald &K. Burger). Asymmetric Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Amino Acids (V. Kukhar,et. al). Enzymatic Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Amino Acids (Y.Matsumura & M. Urushihara). Enzymatic Resolution of Racemic Fluorine-Containing Amino Acids (T.Miyazawa). High-Performance Liquid Chromatography of Fluorine-Containing AminoAcids (S. Galushko). Renin Inhibitors with Fluorine-Containing Amino Acid Derivatives(H. Sham). Index.

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Book SynopsisImmunoassays are in use in many laboratories and across many disciplines. They involve the use of antibodies to detect and quantitate proteins. The Essential Data Series is a series of handy pocket-sized books which allow researchers to have all the key experimental facts at their fingertips.Table of ContentsHistory and Classification (R. Edwards). Antibodies and Antisera (R. Edwards). Assay Design (R. Edwards). Seperation (R. Edwards). Radiolabeled Immunoassays (R. Edwards). Enzyme-labeled Immunoassay (J. Little). Flurescent and Phosphorescent Labeled Assays (S. Blincko). Chemiluminescent and Bioluminescent Labeled Assays (S. Blincko). Precipitation and Agglutination Methods (J. Little). Dry Surface Immunoassays and Immunosensors (R. Edwards). Data Processing (I. Howes). Manufacturers and Suppliers. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis study explores the movement of pesticides into ground water, describing how computers can be used to model this phenomenon. It features novel approaches to the analysis of environmental samples and reviews analytical methods for the detection of agrochemical run-off.Table of ContentsEstimation of Physicochemical Properties: Theoretical andExperimental Approaches (P. Fisk). Recommended Approaches to Assess Pesticide Mobility in Soil (M.Russell). Soils and Pesticide Mobility (C. Brown, et al.). Pesticide Leaching Models and Their Use for Management Purposes (N.Jarvis, et al.). Pesticides in Run-Off and Surface Waters (B. Burgoa & R.Wauchope). The Volatization of Pesticide Residues (A. Taylor). Biosensors for Detection of Pesticides (M. Eldefrawi, etal.). Techniques and Procedures for the Determination of Pesticides inWater (C. Eadsforth & A. Woodbridge). Index.

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Book SynopsisWritten by international experts in the field, this book sets out the scientific arguments for and against the use of methyl bromide which is both naturally occurring and also a man-made product believed to have played a significant role in the depletion of the ozone layer.Trade Review"The four chapters covering the chemistry and mammalian toxicology of the compound, its effects on target organisms, uses in storage practice, uses in storage practice, and alternative method sof preventing infestation and spoilage are written by scientists with established reputations in the fields of fumigation and food storage practice from this institution. What makes the book particularly useful is the juxtaposition of these chapters with contributions from leading experts in atmospheric ozone depletion and environmental analysis (in both the chemical and political sense)." Pesticide ScienceTable of ContentsMethyl Bromide in Perspective (N. Price). Methyl Bromide in the Atmosphere (J. Butler & J.Rodriguez). Methyl Bromide and the Environment (M. Miller). Effects on Target Organisms (O. Macdonald & C.Reichmuth). Methyl Bromide as a Soil Fumigant (L. Klein). Methyl Bromide in Storage Practice and Quarantine (B.Chakrabarti). Alternatives--Chemicals (P. Annis & C. Waterford). Alternatives--Physical Methods and Emission Reduction (C.Bell). Indexes.

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Book SynopsisMetal Speciation and Bioavailability in Aquatic Systems is thefirst comprehensive review to deal with fundamental concepts andmodels, speciation measurements and field applications in metalspeciation and bioavailability in aquatic environments. This volumeprovides a thorough review of current developments concerning theinteractions between trace metals and aquatic organisms. MetalSpeciation and Bioavailability in Aquatic Systems provides: * The first comprehensive approach to the subject covering allaspects of trace metal ecotoxicology in the environment. * Essential reading for researchers and graduate students who willappreciate critical reviews of classical and modern methods ofmetal speciation. * Contributions from leading scientists from many disciplinesassessing both analytical and physical methods applied to thisgrowing field of environmental analysis. * An introduction to the use of laboratory bioassays as predictivetools for understanding trace metal organism iTable of ContentsTransport of Metals Across Membranes (K. Simkiss & M.Taylor). Interactions between Trace Metals and Aquatic Organisms: A Critiqueof the Free-Ion Activity Model (P. Campbell). Environmental Organometallic Chemistry of Mercury, Tin and Lead:Present Status and Perspectives (E. Pelletier). Problems in Trace Metal Speciation Modeling (D. Turner). Trace Metal Speciation of Labile Chemical Species in Natural Water:Electrochemical Methods (A. Mota & M. Correia dosSantos). Trace Metal Speciation of Labile Chemical Species in Natural Watersand Sediments: Non-Electrochemical Approaches (S. Apter & G.Batley). Chromatographic Approaches to Trace Element Speciation ofNon-Labile Chemical Species (W. Marshall & G.-M. Momplaisir). The Trophic Transfer of Metals in Marine Systems (N. Fisher &J. Reinfelder). Biological Factors Involved in Metal Concentrations Observed inAquatic Organisms (W. Langston & S. Spence). Metal Detoxification in Aquatic Organisms (A. Mason & K.Jenkins). Prediction of Metal Toxicity in Nature from Bioassays: Limitationsand Research Needs (S. Luoma). Index.

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Book SynopsisPractical Organic Mass Spectrometry Second Edition A Guide for Chemical and Biochemical Analysis J. R. Chapman Kratos Analytical Instruments, Manchester, UK This volume provides a comprehensive survey of current techniques for the use of mass spectrometry in organic chemical and biochemical analysis. Every aspect of modern instrumentation and technique is discussed. The new edition retains the effective division of material applied in the author''s previous volume-theory, practical requirements and applications. However, it has been thoroughly revised and extended to include all recent advances in mass spectrometry, and is complete with extensive references. This is essentially a book for the practising mass spectroscopist which will appeal to both biochemists and organic chemists. Some familiarity with basic principles is assumed but the author has employed a style which makes this volume suitable for beginners and more advanced students alike. The present volume will be particularlyTable of ContentsInstrumentation. Sample Introduction. Chemical Ionization: Ion-Molecule Reactions. Negative Ion Chemical Ionization. The Ionization of Labile Materials I. The Ionization of Labile Materials II. Tandem Mass Spectrometry: The Dissociation of Ions. Quantitative Analysis. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisTransgenic Plants: A Production System for Industrial andPharmaceutical Proteins provides a detailed guide to the principlesand practice of using transgenic plants as a system for theproduction of heterologous proteins. It is unique in that it coversthe complete process of heterologous protein production in plants,from the initial transformation of the plant, through totranscription, transgene stability and finally the downstreamingprocessing events for protein purification. Written by aninternational team of industrialists and academics, this bookdescribes: * the fundamental issues associated with expressing heterologousproteins in plants; * a number of detailed examples of the successful small-andlarge-scale production of proteins; * the essentials of patenting; and * the commercial exploitation. Transgenic Plants: A Production System for Industrial andPharmaceutical Proteins will be of interest to plantbiotechnologists, molecular biologists and protein biochemistTable of ContentsPartial table of contents: FUNDAMENTAL ASPECTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF RECOMBINANT PROTEINS INPLANTS. Expression in Plants. The Production of Recombinant Glycoproteins with DefinedNon-Immunogenic Glycans. Downstream Processing of Proteins from Transgenic Plants. Comparison of Host Systems for the Production of RecombinantProteins. Transgene Stability. EXAMPLES. Industrial Enzymes. Pharmaceutical Proteins. COMMERCIALIZATION. Patents and Biotechnology. Commercialization of Phytase-Containing Seed. Index.

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Book SynopsisPlant lectins are extensively used as tools and as bioactiveproteins in different areas of biomedical and biological research.The Handbook of Plant Lectins provides a comprehensive yet conciseoverview of the biochemical properties, carbohydrate-bindingspecificity, biological activities and applications of most of thecurrently known plant lectins. This handbook consists of two majorsections: an introductory guide and a quick reference dictionary.Part I acquaints the newcomer to the lectin field with theessential information on lectins and their importance tobiomedicine: * what are lectins? * their carbohydrate-binding specificity * effects on nutrition and immunology * use in histochemistry * application as therapeutic agents Part II lists approximately 200 lectin entries in alphabeticalorder. Each entry deals with the lectin(s) of a particular plantand provides, (where known), details of: * isolation and characterisation; * sugar binding specificity;Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION TO LECTINS. Plant Lectins: A Special Class of Plant Proteins. Plant Lectins in Mammalian Nutrition, Immunology, Metabolism and asOral Therapeutic and Immune Agents. Lectin Histochemistry in Histology and Histopathology. LECTIN CLASSIFICATION. Key to the Use of the Lectin Entries. Classification Codes. Lectin Entries. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisVolume 3 of Bioreaction Engineering covers the general principles and techniques of bioprocess monitoring and their application for various bioprocesses. Methods based on the author's long standing experience working with various bioprocesses are applied within the book.Table of ContentsGeneral Principles and Techniques. Application of General Techniques to Particular Bioprocesses. New Developments. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisEndocrine and Hormonal Toxicology Edited by Philip W. Harvey, Kevin C. Rush and Andrew Cockburn AgrEvo UK Ltd, Saffron Walden, UK This is the first book to consider the integrated role of the classical endocrine system and hormones (including those from tissues outside the classical endocrine system) in toxicological responses. Although focusing on the latest knowledge on endocrine glands as target organs and the mechanistic and molecular basis for toxicity in these organs, Endocrine and Hormonal Toxicology has been written to cover toxicological responses at the whole body level mediated by endocrine or hormonal mechanisms. This whole body, multi-organ approach significantly broadens the relevance of this volume to toxicologists. Following an introductory section on the types of endocrine toxicity including primary, secondary and indirect mechanisms, the next section deals with endocrine organs as toxicological targets. International contributions focus on the pituitary, thyroid and pTrade Review"section III of this book is a classic" (Clinical Endocrinology, No.53 2000)Table of ContentsSection 1: An Integrated Approach to Endocrine and Hormonal Toxicology Section 2: Endocrine Organs as Toxicological Targets Section 3: Endocrine and Hormonal Toxicology: A Target System Approach Section 4: Endocrine Toxicology: Human and Environmental Health Perspectives

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Book SynopsisThis landmark book, which contains contributions from the worlda s foremost mammalian ecotoxicologists, is a truly impressive summary of research undertaken in this field in recent years. It is also the first book to draw such information together in a seamless and unified approach.Trade Review"...these 15 papers consider the differing effects of toxins on various species, the accuracy of predictions...and the significance of toxins relative to other threats." (SciTech Book News, Vol. 25, No. 4, December 2001) "excellent reference book" (The BritishToxicology Society Newsletter, December 2001) "I believe this to be a unique reference work in the field of ecotoxicology which should be invaluable to researchers in the field." (Ecotoxicology, Vol.11, No. 75, 2002) "...a superb summary of over 30 years of toxicity studies available on wild mammals...unparalleled in its breadth and depth and should become a desktop reference for anybody in academics or industry who is involved with mammalian ecotoxicology." (Journal of Mammalogoy, Vol. 83, No. 4, November 2002)Table of ContentsList of Contributors. Series Foreword. Editors' Preface. Abbreviations. Environmental Contaminants (D. Hoffman, et al.). Mammal Classification and Characteristics (G. Amori & R. Nowak). Marsupialia and Monotremata (R. Bolton-Grob, et al.). Insectivora (W.-C. Ma & S. Talmage). Chiroptera (D. Clark & R. Shore). Rodentia and Lagomorpha (S. Sheffield, et al.). Carnivora (C. Mason & C. Wren). Pinnipedia (P. Ross & G.Troisi). Cetacea and Sirenia (T. O'Shea & A. Aguilar). Perissodactyla and Artiodactyla (A. Fr?slie, et al.). Biomarkers for Contaminant Exposure and Effects in Mammals (D. Peakall & K. McBee). Extrapolation of Laboratory Tests to Field Populations (D. Forsyth). Assessing Hazard and Risk of Chemical Exposures to Wild Mammals: Food-chain Analysis and its Role in Ecological Risk Assessment (G. Linder & G. Joermann). Putting the Impacts of Environmental Contamination into Perspective (A. Fairbrother). Summation (R. Ringer). Index.

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Book SynopsisRecognising the critical need for bringing a handy reference work that deals with the most popular reagents in synthesis to the laboratory of practising organic chemists, the Editors of the acclaimed Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (EROS) have selected the most important and useful reagents employed in contemporary organic synthesis.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Aluminum Amalgam. Aluminum Hydride. Borane-Tetrahydrofuran. Bromine. Chromium(II) Chloride. Chromium(VI) Oxide. Hydrogen Sulfide. Iodosylbenzene. Lithium-Ethylamine. Lithium Naphthalenide. Manganese Dioxide. Mercury(II) Oxide. Palladium on Carbon. Palladium(II) Hydroxide on Carbon. Peracetic Acid. Rhodium on Alumina. Ruthenium Catalysts. Ruthenium(VIII) Oxide. Sodium-Alcohol. Sodium Amalgam. Sodium-Ammonia. Sulfur. Thallium(III) Nitrate Trihydrate. Thallium(III) Trifluoroacetate. Thexylborane. Zinc. Zinc Borohydride. Zinc/Copper Couple. List of Contributors. Indexes.

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Book SynopsisA catalyst is a substance which alters rate at which a chemical reaction occurs but is itself unchanged at the end of the reaction. This book includes approximately 40 proceduces describing the use of different catalysts.Trade Review"Everyone who is concerned with...pure compounds will be able to use this handy book..." (Angewandte Chemie, International Edition, Vol. 42, 2003) "...the book clearly fulfills its purpose to provide a practical introduction?it will be useful..." (CATTECH, August 2003)Table of ContentsSeries Preface. Preface to Volume 1. Abbreviations. PART I: REVIEW. 1. The Integration of Biotransformations into the Catalyst Portfolio. PART II: PROCEDURES. 2. General Information. 3. Asymmetric Epoxidation. 4. Epoxidation of , -Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds. 5. Epoxidation of Allylic Alcohols. 6. Epoxidation of Unfunctionalized Alkenes and , -Unsaturated Esters. 7. Asymmetric Hydroxylation and Aminohydroxylation. 8. Asymmetric Sulfoxidation. 9. Asymmetric Reduction of Ketones Using Organometallic Catalysts. 10. Asymmetric Reduction of Ketones Using Baker's Yeast. 11. Asymmetric Reduction of Ketones Using Nonmetallic Catalysts. 12. Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Carbon-Carbon Double Bonds Using Organometallic Cataluysts. 13. Employment of Catalysts Working in Tandem. Index.

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Book SynopsisInsect-Plant Interactions and Induced Plant DefenceChair: John A. Pickett, 1999 This book examines the sophisticated mechanisms that plants use to defend themselves against attack by insects and pathogens, focusing on the networks of plant signalling pathways that underlie these defences. In response to herbivory, plants release a complex blend of as many as 100 volatile chemicals, known as semiochemicals (''sign chemicals''). These act as an airborne SOS signal, revealing the presence of the herbivore to the predators and parasitoids that are its natural enemies. Plants also have endogenous defence mechanisms that can be induced in response to pathogens, and separate chapters deal with systemic acquired resistance, phytoalexins, and the interacting pathways in pathogen and pest resistance. The book discusses underlying biochemical mechanisms by which plant stress leads to the biosynthesis of chemical signals from pools of secondary metabolite precursors, or even from tTrade Review"...will be of immense value to researchers in the field." --Biologist, November 2000 "...an extremely stimulating book..." --Entomologica Fennica, 13th November 2000Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Evolutionary Aspects of Plant-Carnivore Interactions (L. Vet). Attraction of Parasitic Wasps by Caterpillar-Damaged Plants (T. Turlings & M. Fritzsche). Specificity of Herbivore-Induced Plant Defences (M. Dicke). Aphids, Predators and Parasitoids (L. Wadhams, et al.). Functional Interactions in the Use of Direct and Indirect Defences in Native Nicotiana Plants (I. Baldwin). Plant Production of Volatile Semiochemicals in Response to Insect-Derived Elicitors (J. Tumlinson, et al.). The Hydroxamic Acid Pathway (A. Gierl & M. Frey). Cross-Talk Between the Signal Pathways for Pathogen-Induced Systemic Acquired Resistance and Grazing-Induced Insect Resistance (G. Felton, et al.). Genetics and Evolution of Insect Resistance in Arabidopsis (T. Mitchell-Olds). Exploiting Insect Responses in Identifying Plant Signals (J. Pickett, et al.). Final Discussion. Indexes.

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Book SynopsisEnvironmental pollution is one of the most serious threats to the future health of our planet. This book takes a broad view of ecotoxicology starting with the nature, properties and behavior of environmental toxicants, and extends to dose/response relationships and effects on organisms, populations, communities and ecosystems.Table of ContentsPreface. 1 The Ecotoxicology Concept: Introduction. 2 Sources, Types and Properties of Ecotoxicants. 3 Distribution and Transformation of Chemicals in the Environment. 4 Molecular, Biochemical, Physiological and Behavioural Responses.of Organisms. 5 Effects on Population, Community and Ecosystem. 6 Dose and Concentration: Response Relationships. 7 Biomarkers and Biomonitoring of Hazards in the Environment. 8 Ecological Risk Assessment. 9 Ecotoxicology and Management of Chemicals. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe 11th Hour Series of revision guides are designed for quick reference. The organization of these books actively involves studetns in the learning process and reinforces concepts. At the end of each chapter there is a test including multiple choice questions, true/false questions and short answer questions, and every answer involves an explanation. Each book contains icons in the text indicating additional support on a dedicated web page. Students having difficulties with their courses will find this an excellent way to raise their grades. Clinical correlations or everyday applications include examples from the real world to help students understand key concepts more readily. Dedicated web page, there 24 hours a day, will give extra help, tips, warnings of trouble spots, extra visuals and more. A quick check on what background students will need to apply helps equip them to conquer a topic. The most important infoTable of ContentsPreface. Unit I: Basic Concepts. 1 Properties of Immunity. 2 Inducing, Detecting, and Investigating Immunity. Unit II: Antigen Recognition. 3 Antibody Structure and Function. 4 Antibody Gene Organisation and Expression. 5 Major Histocompatibility Complex. 6 T-Cell Antigen Recognition. Midterm Exam. Unit III: Immune Effector Mechanisms. 7 Cytokines. 8 Complement. 9 Innate Immunity and Inflammation. 10 Adaptive Immunity. Unit IV: Clinical Immunology. 11 Hypersensitivity and Allergies. 12 Autoimmunity and Immune Deficiencies. 13 Manipulating the Immune System. Final Exam. Index

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Book SynopsisThe Handbook of Ecotoxicology provides a readily accessible, yet critical collection of information on ecotoxicological testing. Now available in a single paperback volume, this handbook represents excellent value. Part A concentrates on techniques, especially those tests used for prediction. Thorough descriptions of the main tests are provided, followed by critical analyses in terms of ease of handling, repeatability and ecological relevance, and finally, an extensive bibliography citing key documents describing test methods and key papers evaluating them. Part B focuses on the toxicants themselves: summarising their ecological effects, describing ways of predicting effects from physico-chemical properties alone, and describing and discussing fate models. Now available as a single volume in paperback An invaluable reference resource Table of ContentsPart I: General Principles And Overview. 1. Freshwater Systems. Microbial Systems. Freshwater Primary Producers. Freshwater Invertebrate Toxicity Tests. Freshwater Fish. Freshwater Sediments. Freshwater Multispecies Test Systems. 2. Marine And Estuarine Systems. Primary Producers. Marine And Estuarine Invertebrate Toxicity Tests. Methods For Spawning, Culturing And Conducting Toxicity Tests With Early Life Stages Of Estuarine. And Marine Fishes. The Appropriate Uses Of Marine And Estuarine Sediment Bioassays. Marine And Estuarine Multispecies Test Systems. 3. Terrestrial Systems. Soil Invertebrates. Terrestrial Primary Producers. Insects, Spiders And Mites. Birds. Terrestrial Mammals. 4. General. Biodegradation. Bioaccumulation. In Situ Biological Monitoring Of Pollution In Terrestrial And Aquatic Ecosystems. Bioprobes And Biosensors. The Design And Analysis Of Concentration-Response Experiments. Part II: Introduction. 5. Chemical Categories. Gaseous Compounds. Metal Analysis. Heavy Metals. Organometallic Compounds In The Aquatic Environment. Detergents. Pesticides. Pcbs, Pcddds And Pcdfs. Oils And Hydrocarbons. Organic Pollution. 6. General. Complex Mixtures. The Octanol Water Partition Coefficient. Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships. Fate Models. Glossary.

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Book Synopsisaeo a structured introduction to free radical chemistry from an organic chemistry perspective aeo highlights the importance of radical, radical anion and radical cation reactions in synthesis aeo with case studies to illustrate reactions in a landmarka syntheses aeo problems (with outline answers) to test the readera s understanding.Table of ContentsChemical Abbreviations. Preface. 1. Radicals and their Importance. 2. The basics. 3. Radical Initiation. 4. Radical Reactions. 5. Radicals in Synthesis. 6. Foundational Group Transformations. 7. Intramolecular Cyclization Reactions. 8. Intermolecular Reactions. 9. Radical Translocation Reactions. 10. Radical Anions. 11. Radical Cations. Questions. Outline Answers. Further Reading. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a guide to the use and meaning of toxicological and ecological information in the paper industry, where the information provided by suppliers of paper chemicals to paper mills is analyzed in detail.Trade Review' a clearly written and concise guide to the terminology and its broader meaning.' Mark Macaulay, Paper technology, July 2001Table of ContentsToxicology: Toxicity; Acute studies; Short-term (repeated dose) studies; Long term studies; Chemical Irritancy and Corrosive Effects: The skin; The eye; Respiratory irritation; Chemical Allergies: The immune system; Chemical hypersensitivity; Contact hypersensitivity (allergic contact dermatitis); Respiratory hypersensitivity (Occupational asthma); How to test for allergic reactions; Genetic Toxicology and Carcinogenicity: Mutagenicity; Genetic toxicity testing; Testing for chemical carcinogenicity; Reproductive Toxicology: Reproductive toxicity testing; Ecotoxicology: Aquatic toxicity testing; Short term (acute) and long term (chronic) effects; Test design; Test species; Vertebrates; Invertebrates; Aquatic plants; Chemical Persistence and Bioaccumulation: Biodegradation; BOD and COD tests; Bioaccumulation; Classification and Labelling of Chemicals According to Their Hazardous Nature: Europe, Canada; USA; Handling Chemicals in the Workplace: Risk assessment; Chemical hazards; Regulatory Affairs: Chemical inventories; Food contact regulations; Ecolabelling; HPV programme; Issues of concern; The Material Safety Data Sheet: How to deal with toxicological or ecotoxicological data gaps; Chemical summary sheets; Glossary of terms

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Book SynopsisThis text covers the major aspects of human nutrition, emphasising the chemical nature of nutrients and their metabolism. Nutrition is looked at in the context of the history of food, the food chain, and epidemiology.Table of Contents1. Introduction And Overview. Part I factors influencing the food that a community eats. 2. History of food. 3.Social, population and environmental influences on nutrition. Part II Calculating how much food a community eats. 4. The food chain. 5. Nutritional requirements. 6. Nutritional epidemiology. Part III Factors influencing how an individual metabolises nutrients. 7. Genetics. Part IV Calculating the nutritional status of an individual. 8. Evaluation of dietary intake. 9. Measurements of energy. 10. Body compositionPart V Nutrients and non-nutrients. 11. Principles, amino acids and proteins. 12. Lipids. 13. Carbohydrates. 14. Dietary fibre. 15. Alcohol as a nutrient. 16. Vitamins. 17. Plant secondary metabolites and herbs. 18. Water, electrolytes, minerals and trace elements. 19. Non-nutritive components of food. 20. Agricultural chemicals in the food chain. 21. Drugs and nutrition. Part VI Eating, digestion and metabolism. 22. Smell and taste. 23. Intake and satiety. 24 The gastrointestinal tract and food availability. 25. Carbohydrate digestion and absorption. 26. Protein absorption. 27. Lipid absorption. 28. Foetal and placental nutrition. 29. Thermodynamics and metabolism. 30. Mitochondria. 31. Cytochrome P450. 32. Free radicals. 33 Carbohydrate metabolism. 34. Lipid metabolism. 35. Eicosanoids. 36. Cholesterol and lipoproteins. 37. Amino acid metabolism. 38. Amino acid neurotransmitters. 39. Organ metabolic fuel selection. 40. Growth. 41. Bone. Part VII Special nutritional requirements and conditions . 42. Pregnancy, lactation, weaning. 43. Childhood and youth; middle age and elderly. 44. Sport. 45. Nutrition in outer space. 46. Dietary deficiency. 47. Nutrition in the aetiology of disease

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Book SynopsisA majority of evolutionary biologists believe that we now can envision our biological predecessors - not the first, but nearly the first, living beings on Earth. This title is about these vanished forebears, sketching them in the distant past just as their workings first began to resemble our own.Trade ReviewLife from an RNA World is an unconventional book about RNA. Rather than opening with the central dogma and attendant teachings on molecular biology, Yarus uses evolution as a gateway. He then takes us on a journey through evolutionary time, concentrating on the roles of the various forms of RNA… [He] is a proficient guide. -- Tim Harris * Nature *Although precise historical details of the particular origin of life on Earth are probably unknowable, most scientists agree that a world existed in which RNA performed the duties of both genes and enzymes. This RNA world in turn evolved into the DNA–RNA–protein world of today. Michael Yarus’s Life from an RNA World offers an engaging introduction to the subject… Recent discoveries make Yarus’s book particularly timely, especially as a light-hearted introduction for scientifically minded readers outside the field. His chatty prose conveys the voice of a tour guide on a journey through the RNA world, introducing essential evolutionary and molecular biology and pointing out must-not-miss attractions. Even members of the origins-of-life community may appreciate his whimsical explanations of familiar phenomena. -- Irene A. Chen * Science *Michael Yarus’ book is a very enjoyable read, be the reader a well informed molecular biologist, or a lay person… Surely this book will highlight and increase the interest in the RNA world; raising the awareness that we are all, after all, the children of RNA. -- Michael Ladomery * Chemistry World *Yarus captivates with skilled character development—but here, the ‘characters’ are the prebiotic molecules that gave rise to everything that has ever lived or is alive today on our planet. -- Thomas Cech, Distinguished Professor, University of Colorado–Boulder, and 1989 Nobel Laureate in ChemistryTable of Contents* Introduction to Your Ancestor * Before We Begin: A Voluntary Chapter * Framing the Problem: The Buffalo and the Bacterium * The Big Tree: No Jackalopes Please * A Dance of Atoms * Allegro Agitato: The Origin of Life * The Winds That Blow through the Starry Ways * Tornados in a Junkyard * Between Genomes and Creatures * A Thumbnail Molecular Biology * RNA Structure: A Tape with a Shape * Intimations of an RNA World * The Experimentally Impaired Sciences * Test Tube RNA Evolution: First Light * Selection Amplification: Interrogating RNA's Possibilities * RNA Duplication: Replicase Activity in Real RNAs * RNA Capabilities and the Origins of Translation * The Quest for the Peptidyl Transferase * A Language Much Older Than Hieroglyphics: The Genetic Code * Assume a Spherical Cow: The Ribocyte * The Future of the RNA World * Lexicon * Index

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Book Synopsis

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