Biochemistry Books

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

Book Synopsisaeo a structured introduction to free radical chemistry from an organic chemistry perspective aeo highlights the importance of radical, radical anion and radical cation reactions in synthesis aeo with case studies to illustrate reactions in a landmarka syntheses aeo problems (with outline answers) to test the readera s understanding.Table of ContentsChemical Abbreviations. Preface. 1. Radicals and their Importance. 2. The basics. 3. Radical Initiation. 4. Radical Reactions. 5. Radicals in Synthesis. 6. Foundational Group Transformations. 7. Intramolecular Cyclization Reactions. 8. Intermolecular Reactions. 9. Radical Translocation Reactions. 10. Radical Anions. 11. Radical Cations. Questions. Outline Answers. Further Reading. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisA majority of evolutionary biologists believe that we now can envision our biological predecessors - not the first, but nearly the first, living beings on Earth. This title is about these vanished forebears, sketching them in the distant past just as their workings first began to resemble our own.Trade ReviewLife from an RNA World is an unconventional book about RNA. Rather than opening with the central dogma and attendant teachings on molecular biology, Yarus uses evolution as a gateway. He then takes us on a journey through evolutionary time, concentrating on the roles of the various forms of RNA… [He] is a proficient guide. -- Tim Harris * Nature *Although precise historical details of the particular origin of life on Earth are probably unknowable, most scientists agree that a world existed in which RNA performed the duties of both genes and enzymes. This RNA world in turn evolved into the DNA–RNA–protein world of today. Michael Yarus’s Life from an RNA World offers an engaging introduction to the subject… Recent discoveries make Yarus’s book particularly timely, especially as a light-hearted introduction for scientifically minded readers outside the field. His chatty prose conveys the voice of a tour guide on a journey through the RNA world, introducing essential evolutionary and molecular biology and pointing out must-not-miss attractions. Even members of the origins-of-life community may appreciate his whimsical explanations of familiar phenomena. -- Irene A. Chen * Science *Michael Yarus’ book is a very enjoyable read, be the reader a well informed molecular biologist, or a lay person… Surely this book will highlight and increase the interest in the RNA world; raising the awareness that we are all, after all, the children of RNA. -- Michael Ladomery * Chemistry World *Yarus captivates with skilled character development—but here, the ‘characters’ are the prebiotic molecules that gave rise to everything that has ever lived or is alive today on our planet. -- Thomas Cech, Distinguished Professor, University of Colorado–Boulder, and 1989 Nobel Laureate in ChemistryTable of Contents* Introduction to Your Ancestor * Before We Begin: A Voluntary Chapter * Framing the Problem: The Buffalo and the Bacterium * The Big Tree: No Jackalopes Please * A Dance of Atoms * Allegro Agitato: The Origin of Life * The Winds That Blow through the Starry Ways * Tornados in a Junkyard * Between Genomes and Creatures * A Thumbnail Molecular Biology * RNA Structure: A Tape with a Shape * Intimations of an RNA World * The Experimentally Impaired Sciences * Test Tube RNA Evolution: First Light * Selection Amplification: Interrogating RNA's Possibilities * RNA Duplication: Replicase Activity in Real RNAs * RNA Capabilities and the Origins of Translation * The Quest for the Peptidyl Transferase * A Language Much Older Than Hieroglyphics: The Genetic Code * Assume a Spherical Cow: The Ribocyte * The Future of the RNA World * Lexicon * Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe central themes of Cell Boundaries concern the structural and organizational principles underlying cell membranes, and how these principles enable function. By building a biological and biophysical foundation for understanding the organization of lipids in bilayers and the folding, assembly, stability, and function of membrane proteins, the book aims to broaden the knowledge of bioscience students to include the basic physics and physical chemistry that inform us about membranes. In doing so, it is hoped that physics students will find familiar territory that will lead them to an interest in biology. Our progress toward understanding membranes and membrane proteins depends strongly upon the concerted use of both biology and physics. It is important for students to know not only what we know, but how we have come to know it, so Cell Boundaries endeavours to bring out the history behind the central discoveries, especially in the early chapters, where the foundation isTable of Contents0. The E Words 1. Foundations of Membrane Structure 2. Lipid Bilayers 3. Interactions of Peptides with Lipid Bilayers 4. Membrane Protein Folding & Stability 5. Protein Trafficking in Cells 6. Biosynthesis and Assembly of Membrane Proteins 7. How Proteins Shape Membranes 8. Membrane Protein Bioinformatics 9. Primer on Biomolecular Structure Determination 10. Small-Molecule Channels 11. Ion Channels 12. Primary Transporters: Transport Against Electrical and Chemical Gradients 13. Secondary Transport 14. Bioenergetics 15. Information Transfer: Signaling in Cells

Read more less

Book SynopsisCellular Signal Processing offers a unifying view of cell signaling based on the concept that protein interactions act as sophisticated data processing networks that govern intracellular and extracellular communication. It is intended for use in signal transduction courses for undergraduate and graduate students working in biology, biochemistry, bioinformatics, and pharmacology, as well as medical students. The text is organized by three key topics central to signal transduction: the protein network, its energy supply, and its evolution. It covers all important aspects of cell signaling, ranging from prokaryotic signal transduction to neuronal signaling, and also highlights the clinical aspects of cell signaling in health and disease. This new edition includes expanded coverage of prokaryotes, as well as content on new developments in systems biology, epigenetics, redox signaling, and small, non-coding RNA signaling.Table of Contents1. The "Brain of the Cell": Data Processing by Protein Networks 2. Supplying the Network with Energy: Basic Biochemistry of Signal Transduction 3. Evolution of Cellular Data Processing 4. Basic Equipment: G-Proteins, Second Messengers, and Protein Kinases 5. Signal Transduction by Receptors with Seven Transmembrane Domains 6. Signal Transduction by Serine/Threonine Kinase-Coupled Receptors 7. Signal Transduction by Tyrosine Kinase- and Protein Phosphatase Coupled Receptors 8. Eukaryotic Gene Transcription: The Ultimate Target of Signal Transduction 9. Signals Controlling mRNA Translation 10. Signal Transduction by Small G-Proteins: The Art of Molecular Targeting 11. Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase and Nuclear Factor κB Modules 12. Regulation of Cell Division 13. Signal Transduction by Proteolysis, and Programmed Cell Death 14. Signal Transduction by Ions 15. Sensory Signal Processing 16. Signaling at Synapses: Neurotransmitters and their Receptors 17. Putting Together the Pieces: The Approach of Systems Biology

Read more less

Book SynopsisForensic professionals, particularly medical examinersâoften working through heavy caseloadsârequire quick and easy access to reliable sources of information to help interpret toxicology results. While several in-depth resources are available, they are often large, cumbersome, and contain more information than is often needed. The Handbook of Forensic Toxicology for Medical Examiners is a concise handbook referencing the most common toxic substances and their reported non-toxic, toxic, and lethal concentrations, making it an ideal text for quick reference in the lab or autopsy room.Features of the Second Edition: Explains the principles of postmortem toxicology and the factors which must be considered Provides tables of toxicologic data for over 200 commonly encountered substances, including drugs of abuse, poisons, prescription drugs, and over-the-counter medications Includes discussion andTable of ContentsList of Abbreviations 1. How to Use This Book 2. Special Drug Groups 3. Specific Drugs (Alphabetical Listing) Appendix A. Specimen Types and Collection Appendix B. Common Methodologies Appendix C. Normal Values Reference Charts Appendix D. Conversion Chart

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

Book SynopsisMammalian heme peroxidase enzymes play a critical role in innate immune responses and disease prevention. The formation of potent chemical oxidants is essential to this protective physiologic activity in immunity. Although highly beneficial in the context of immune defense, it is now well established that peroxidases and their overproduction of oxidants contribute to the initiation and persistence of many chronic inflammatory conditions in the cardiovascular, neurologic, respiratory, renal, and gastrointestinal systems. Peroxidasins, a protein family related to heme peroxidases, play a novel role in tissue biogenesis and matrix assembly, which are also attracting attention in different pathological contexts. Given the diverse roles of mammalian heme peroxidases and the breadth and incidence of pathologies associated with these enzymes, there has been significant interest in modulating peroxidase activity as a therapeutic strategy. This book highlights recent developments in our undeTable of ContentsSECTION 1: INTRODUCTION TO MAMMALIAN HEME PEROXIDASES Structure, function, phylogeny of heme peroxidases Biosynthesis of MPO and other heme peroxidases Peroxidasin structure and function SECTION 2: REACTIVITY OF PEROXIDASE OXIDANTS Reactivity of peroxidase oxidants with proteins and proteoglycans Reactivity of peroxidase with nucleic acids, RNA and DNA Reactivity of peroxidase oxidants with lipids – modification and signaling Role of MPO in the modification of lipoproteins (LDL and HDL) Regulation of cellular signaling and survival by peroxidase oxidants Global profiling of cell responses to peroxidase oxidants SECTION 3: PEROXIDASES IN INNATE IMMUNITY MPO and immune cell recruitment and activation Role of MPO in extracellular trap release by neutrophils Imaging HOCl production by neutrophils How microbes combat reactive chlorine species Priming the innate immune system to combat respiratory disease SECTION 4: PEROXIDASES IN PATHOLOGY Imaging the reactivity of MPO in vivo Role of MPO in vascular dysfunction and signaling MPO in ischemic heart disease Role of MPO in neurodegenerative disease Role of MPO in kidney disease Role of peroxidases in respiratory disease Role of peroxidasins in disease SECTION 5: PREVENTION OF MPO INDUCED DAMAGE Design and functionality of MPO inhibitors Modulation of disease using MPO inhibitors Novel peroxidase inhibitory protein “SPIN” with broad target specificity Selenium and resistance to oxidative enzyme inactivation

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Fourth Edition of the Handbook of Photosynthesis offers a unique and comprehensive collection of topics in the field of photosynthesis, serving as an invaluable resource in this field. With contributions from 95 scientists and experts from over 20 countries, this volume has been divided into 13 parts, each serving independently to facilitate the understanding of the material.FEATURES Presents comprehensive information on photosynthesis under normal and environmental stress conditions Covers artificial photosynthesis and its future-related issues Contains 25 new chapters and 18 extensively revised and expanded chapters Includes three new sections: Influence of Nanoparticles on Photosynthesis; Protection of Photosynthesis System and Stress Alleviation Strategies by Photosynthates Manipulations and Photosynthesis Efficiency in Plants under Multiple Abiotic and Biotic Stressors; and Artificial Photosynthesis and Its Future Con

Read more less

Fatigue is an important concern for athletes at all levels, recreational sport and exercise participants, athletic coaches, personal trainers, and fitness professionals. The study of fatigue is also important for students of the sport, exercise, and health sciences, as it enables a deeper understanding of fundamental physical function and the limitations behind human performance. There remains considerable debate about the definition of fatigue, what causes it, its impact during different forms of sport and exercise, and the multitude of factors that can influence the nature and severity of fatigue. The vast body of literature in these areas can make it challenging to understand what we know and what we still need to understand about fatigue in sport and exercise. The second edition of this book presents a fully revised and updated overview of the contemporary research evidence into sport and exercise fatigue. The book examines the latest thinking into how we conceptua

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis unique volume covers specific aspects of the biological chemistry of terpenoids. It provides extensive information related to classification, general methods of extraction and isolation of terpenoids, synthesis and pharmacological activities of monoterpenoids, synthesis and medicinal uses of diterpenoids, biogenesis of terpenoids, synthesis and medicinal uses of sesqui terpenoids and sesterpenoids. Some terpenes are also classified as diterpene alkaloids. Most of the terpenoids with diverse molecular structures are biologically active and are used for the treatment of various diseases such as cancer, malaria, inflammation, tuberculosis and infection, and this is discussed.Features:Activities and biological relationships of terpenes An accurate assessment of where and what terpenes can lead to Discusses how microbes, in particular the actinomycetales, have well over 400 different gene clusters that produce terpenes Arranged by biological activities and usage Provides information on eukaryotic enzymes that have been shown to be a source of âœethnobotanicalâ terpenes

Read more less

Book SynopsisWhile severe hypoxia has detrimental health consequences, the controlled application of hypoxia can be protective and holds great promise as a performance-enhancing and therapeutic intervention. Hypoxia Conditioning in Health, Exercise and Sport: Principles, Mechanisms and Applications delivers an understanding of systemic and molecular mechanisms involved in hypoxia adaptations and examines the most promising forms of hypoxia conditioning with a view to create performance-enhancing strategies for athletes, as well as an offering an examination on clinical applications for numerous pathologies.This cutting-edge book examines how positive physiological adaptations not only acutely enhance tolerance to hypoxia but can also induce sustained health benefits. This has enabled the development and refinement of approaches utilizing hypoxia, strategies also termed hypoxia conditioning, to improve health and performance outcomes.By linking research with recommendations f

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWith the interest in biomarkers available for diagnostic, therapeutic, prognostic and research applications growing rapidly, it is now expected that every pathologist should be aware of the correct application of immunohistochemistry in daily practice. This fully updated fourth edition provides practical guidance about preparation, key uses and pitfalls of antibodies for immunohistology in a unique A-Z format. Seventeen full colour infographics present detail about specific biomarkers, including FOXL2, GATA3 and SOX10, pulling out information about expression in tissues and prognosis. Expanded with new biomarkers and the removal of biomarkers that are no longer in common use, each entry in this concise new edition follows a standard structure for quick and easy access by busy readers.Table of ContentsPart I. Antibodies; Part II. Appendices.

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn an age of rapid advances in behavioural genetics, this book applies a unique genetic-social framework to the study of crime and criminal behaviour. Drawing upon evidence from evolutionary psychology and behavioural genetics, it offers an up-to-date and balanced account of the mutuality between genes and environment.Table of Contents1. Introduction 2. Transitions in Criminological and Social Theory 3. Constructing a Genetic-Social Framework 4. An Application of the Meta Theoretical Framework to the Study of Crime and Criminal Behaviour Concluding Observations

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisBuilding on the success of its popular predecessor, the second edition of Ecotoxicology of Amphibians and Reptiles presents newly available findings on the species that are important environmental indicators. This new edition covers nearly twice as many topics as the first, including recent developments in the ecotoxicology of amphibians and reptiles, the current status of these animals, and intrinsic factors that affect their susceptibility to contaminants. The book also provides the latest information on specific groups of contaminants and their effects and body burdens in herpetafauna. After a review of how contaminants interact with other ecological factors, the text explores concerns for the future. New in the second edition: New research on the effects of pesticides, heavy metals, endocrine disrupting chemicals, and UVB Increased focus on the effects of contaminants rather than merely reporting residue information A synthesTable of ContentsRecent Advancements in Amphibian and Reptile Ecotoxicology. Declines and the Global Status of Amphibians. The Global Status of Reptiles and Causes of Their Decline. Ecotoxicology of Amphibians and Reptiles in a Nutshell. Physiological Ecology of Amphibians and Reptiles: Natural History and Life History Attributes Framing Chemical Exposure in the Field. Effects of Current Use Pesticides on Amphibians. Ecotoxicology of Pesticides in Reptiles. Atrazine in the Environment and Its Implications for Amphibians and Reptiles. Ecotoxicology of Organic Contaminants to Amphibians. Organic Contaminants in Reptiles. Interdisciplinary and Hierarchical Approaches for Studying the Effects of Metals and Metalloids on Amphibians. The Ecotoxicology of Metals in Reptiles. Solar UV Radiation and Amphibians: Factors Mitigating Injury. Multiple Stressors and Indirect Food Web Effects of Contaminants on Herptofauna. Emerging Contaminants and Their Potential Effects on Amphibians and Reptiles. A Decade of Deformities: Advances in Our Understanding of Amphibian Malformations and Their Implications. Population Estimation Methods for Amphibians and Reptiles. Epilogue: Ecotoxicology of Amphibians and Reptiles — Where Should Be We Going and How Do We Get There? Appendix.

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn the last decade and a half, great progress has been made in the development of concepts and models for mixture toxicity, both in human and environmental toxicology. However, due to their different protection goals, developments have often progressed in parallel but with little integration. Arguably the first book to clearly link ecotoxicology and classic human toxicology, Mixture Toxicity: Linking Approaches from Ecological and Human Toxicology incorporates extensive reviews of exposure to toxicants, toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics, toxicity of mixtures, and risk assessment.The book examines developments in both fields, compares and contrasts their current state of the art, and identifies where one field can learn from the other. Each chapter provides an essential overview of the state of the art in both human and ecotoxicological mixture risk assessment, focusing on the work published in the last fifteen years. The coverage progresses from exposuTable of ContentsExposure. Introduction. Emission Scenarios. Interactions Affecting Availability and Exposure to Chemical Mixtures. Environmental Fate Modeling. Exposure Scenarios and Monitoring. Summary and Conclusions. Toxicokinetics and Toxicodynamics. Introduction. Fundamental Principles. Toxicokinetics. Toxicodynamics. Toxicity from Combined Exposure to Chemicals. Introduction. Approaches to Mixture Effect Assessment. Mechanisms and mixture effects. The predictability of mixture effects – a brief review. Defining Determinants of Synergistic Mixture Effects. Mixture Effects at Low Levels. What About the Real World? Test Design, Mixture Characterization and Data Evaluation. Introduction. Testing Aims. Concentration Addition and Independent Action: Empirical Modeling. Technical Issues and Pitfalls. Component-Based Approaches, Test Designs and Methods. Whole Mixture Approaches, Test Designs and Methods. Case Studies. Risk Assessment. Introduction. Typical Features of Mixture Assessment. State of the Art in Mixture Assessment. Conceptual Framework for Human and Ecological Risk Assessment of Mixtures. Issues in Human and Ecological Risk Assessment of Mixtures. Appendix. Glossary.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe plant hormone ethylene is one of the most important, being one of the first chemicals to be determined as a naturally-occurring growth regulator and influencer of plant development. It was also the first hormone for which significant evidence was found for the presence of receptors. This important new volume in Annual Plant Reviews is broadly divided into three parts. The first part covers the biosynthesis of ethylene and includes chapters on S-adenosylmethionine and the formation and fate of ACC in plant cells. The second part of the volume covers ethylene signaling, including the perception of ethylene by plant cells, CTR proteins, MAP kinases and EIN2 / EIN3. The final part covers the control by ethylene of cell function and development, including seed development, germination, plant growth, cell separation, fruit ripening, senescent processes, and plant-pathogen interactions. The Plant Hormone Ethylene is an extremely valuable addition to Wiley-BlackwelTable of ContentsList of Contributors xv Preface xxiii 1 100 Years of Ethylene – A Personal View 1 Don Grierson 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Ethylene biosynthesis 2 1.3 Ethylene perception and signalling 7 1.4 Differential responses to ethylene 9 1.5 Ethylene and development 10 1.6 Looking ahead 13 Acknowledgements 14 References 14 2 Early Events in the Ethylene Biosynthetic Pathway – Regulation of the Pools of Methionine and S-Adenosylmethionine 19 Katharina B¨ urstenbinder and Margret Sauter 2.1 Introduction 20 2.2 The metabolism of Met and SAM 22 2.3 Regulation of de novo Met synthesis 25 2.4 Regulation of the SAM pool 27 2.4.1 Regulation of SAMS genes by ethylene and of SAMS enzyme activity by protein-S-nitrosylation 29 2.5 The activated methyl cycle 30 2.6 The S-methylmethionine cycle 32 2.7 The methionine or Yang cycle 35 2.7.1 The Yang cycle in relation to polyamine and nicotianamine biosynthesis 39 2.7.2 Regulation of the Yang cycle in relation to ethylene synthesis 40 2.8 Conclusions 42 Acknowledgement 43 References 44 3 The Formation of ACC and Competition Between Polyamines and Ethylene for SAM 53 Smadar Harpaz-Saad, Gyeong Mee Yoon, Autar K. Mattoo, and Joseph J. Kieber 3.1 Introduction 53 3.2 Identification and characterization of ACC synthase activity in plants 54 3.2.1 Historical overview 54 3.2.2 Purification and properties of the ACC synthase protein 56 3.3 Analysis of ACC synthase at the transcriptional level 58 3.3.1 Molecular cloning of ACC synthase genes 58 3.3.2 Transcriptional regulation of the ACC synthase gene family 59 3.4 Post-transcriptional regulation of ACS 62 3.4.1 Identification and characterization of interactions with ETO1 62 3.4.2 Regulation of ACS degradation 64 3.5 Does ACC act as a signal? 65 3.6 Biosynthesis and physiology of polyamines 67 3.6.1 SAM is a substrate for polyamines 67 3.6.2 Physiology of polyamine effects in vitro and in vivo 67 3.6.3 Concurrent biosynthesis of ethylene and polyamines 70 3.6.4 Do plant cells invoke a homeostatic regulation of SAM levels? 72 Acknowledgements 72 References 72 4 The Fate of ACC in Higher Plants 83 Sarah J. Dorling and Michael T. McManus 4.1 Introduction 83 4.2 History of the discovery of ACC oxidase as the ethylene-forming enzyme 84 4.2.1 Early characterization of ACC oxidase 84 4.2.2 Cloning of the ethylene-forming enzyme as an indicator of enzyme activity 85 4.2.3 Initial biochemical demonstration of ethylene-forming enzyme activity in vitro 86 4.3 Mechanism of the ACC oxidase-catalyzed reaction 86 4.3.1 Investigation of the ACO reaction mechanism 87 4.3.2 Metabolism of HCN 89 4.3.3 Evidence of the conjugation of ACC 91 4.4 Transcriptional regulation of ACC oxidase 92 4.4.1 ACO multi-gene families 92 4.4.2 Differential expression of members of ACO multi-gene families in response to developmental and environmental stimuli 94 4.4.3 Transcriptional regulation of ACO gene expression 96 4.4.4 Crosstalk between ethylene signalling elements and ACO gene expression 97 4.5 Translational regulation of ACC oxidase 97 4.6 Evidence that ACC oxidase acts as a control point in ethylene biosynthesis 100 4.6.1 Cell-specific expression of ACC oxidase 102 4.6.2 Differential expression of ACS and ACO genes 103 4.7 Evolutionary aspects of ACC oxidase 104 Acknowledgements 105 References 105 5 Perception of Ethylene by Plants – Ethylene Receptors 117 Brad M. Binder, Caren Chang and G. Eric Schaller 5.1 Historical overview 118 5.2 Subfamilies of ethylene receptors and their evolutionary history 120 5.3 Ethylene binding 123 5.3.1 Requirements for a metal cofactor 123 5.3.2 Characterization of the ethylene-binding pocket and signal transduction 124 5.4 Signal output from the receptors 126 5.5 Overlapping and non-overlapping roles for the receptor isoforms in controlling various phenotypes 128 5.6 Post-translational regulation of the receptors 131 5.6.1 Clustering of receptors 131 5.6.2 Ethylene-mediated degradation of receptors 132 5.6.3 Regulatory role of REVERSION-TO-ETHYLENE SENSITIVITY1 (RTE1)/GREEN-RIPE (GR) 133 5.6.4 Other proteins that interact with the ethylene receptors 134 5.7 Conclusions and model 135 Acknowledgements 137 References 138 6 Ethylene Signalling: the CTR1 Protein Kinase 147 Silin Zhong and Caren Chang 6.1 Introduction 148 6.2 Discovery of CTR1, a negative regulator of ethylene signal transduction 148 6.2.1 Isolation of the Arabidopsis CTR1 mutant 148 6.2.2 CTR1 mutant phenotypes in Arabidopsis 149 6.2.3 Placement of CTR1 in the ethylene-response pathway 150 6.3 CTR1 Encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase 151 6.3.1 Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the Arabidopsis CTR1 gene 151 6.3.2 CTR1 biochemical activity 152 6.4 The CTR1 gene family 153 6.4.1 The CTR multi-gene family in tomato 153 6.4.2 Functional roles of tomato CTR genes 153 6.4.3 Transcriptional regulation of CTR-like genes 155 6.5 Regulation of CTR1 activity 156 6.5.1 Physical association of CTR1 with ethylene receptors 158 6.5.2 Membrane localization of CTR1 159 6.5.3 An inhibitory role for the CTR1 N-terminus? 159 6.5.4 Other factors that potentially interact with and regulate CTR1 activity 160 6.6 Elusive targets of CTR1 signalling 161 6.7 CTR1 crosstalk and interactions with other signals 162 6.8 Conclusions 163 Acknowledgements 164 References 164 7 EIN2 and EIN3 in Ethylene Signalling 169 Young-Hee Cho, Sangho Lee and Sang-Dong Yoo 7.1 Introduction 169 7.2 Overview of ethylene signalling and EIN2 and EIN3 172 7.3 Genetic identification and biochemical regulation of EIN2 173 7.4 EIN3 regulation in ethylene signalling 174 7.4.1 Genetic identification and biochemical regulation of EIN3 174 7.4.2 Structural and functional analysis of ein3 function 178 7.4.3 Function of EIN3 as transcription activator 180 7.5 Functions of ERF1 and other ERFs in ethylene signalling 181 7.6 Future directions 183 Acknowledgements 184 References 184 8 Ethylene in Seed Development, Dormancy and Germination 189 Renata Bogatek and Agnieszka Gniazdowska 8.1 Introduction 189 8.2 Ethylene in seed embryogenesis 192 8.2.1 Ethylene biosynthesis during zygotic embryogenesis 192 8.2.2 Ethylene involvement in the regulation of seed morphology 194 8.3 Ethylene in seed dormancy and germination 194 8.3.1 Ethylene biosynthesis during dormancy release and germination 194 8.3.2 The role of ethylene in seed heterogeneity 199 8.4 Ethylene interactions with other plant hormones in the regulation of seed dormancy and germination 199 8.5 Ethylene interactions with ROS in the regulation of seed dormancy and germination 202 8.6 Ethylene interactions with other small gaseous signalling molecules (NO, HCN) in the regulation of seed dormancy and germination 204 8.7 Concluding remarks 207 Acknowledgements 209 References 209 9 The Role of Ethylene in Plant Growth and Development 219 Filip Vandenbussche and Dominique Van Der Straeten 9.1 Introduction 219 9.2 Design of root architecture 220 9.3 Regulation of hypocotyl growth 225 9.4 Shoot architecture and orientation: post-seedling growth 229 9.4.1 Inhibition of growth by ethylene 229 9.4.2 Stimulation of growth by ethylene 229 9.4.3 Shoot gravitropism 231 9.4.4 Control of stomatal density and aperture 231 9.4.5 Activity of the shoot apical meristem 231 9.5 Floral transition 232 9.6 Determination of sexual forms of flowers 232 9.7 Ethylene effects on growth controlling mechanisms 233 9.8 Conclusions 234 Acknowledgements 234 References 234 10 Ethylene and Cell Separation Processes 243 Zinnia H. Gonzalez-Carranza and Jeremy A. Roberts 10.1 Introduction 243 10.2 Overview of the cell separation process 244 10.2.1 Abscission 245 10.2.2 Dehiscence 249 10.2.3 Aerenchyma formation 251 10.2.4 Stomata development and hydathode formation 252 10.2.5 Root cap cell sloughing and lateral root emergence 254 10.2.6 Xylem differentiation 257 10.3 Transcription analyses during cell separation 258 10.4 Relationship between ethylene and other hormones in the regulation of cell separation 259 10.4.1 Ethyene and IAA 259 10.4.2 Ethylene and jasmonic acid 260 10.4.3 Ethylene and abscisic acid 261 10.5 Ethylene and signalling systems during cell separation 261 10.5.1 Role of IDA, IDA-like, HAESA and HAESA-like genes 261 10.5.2 MAP kinases 262 10.5.3 Nevershed 262 10.6 Application of knowledge of abscission to crops of horticultural and agricultural importance 262 10.7 Conclusions and future perspectives 263 References 265 11 Ethylene and Fruit Ripening 275 Jean-Claude Pech, Eduardo Purgatto, Mondher Bouzayen and Alain Latch´e 11.1 Introduction 276 11.2 Regulation of ethylene production during ripening of climacteric fruit 276 11.2.1 Regulation of ethylene biosynthesis genes during the System 1 to System 2 transition 277 11.2.2 ACS gene alleles are major determinants of ethylene biosynthesis and shelf-life of climacteric fruit 280 11.2.3 Genetic determinism of the climacteric character 281 11.3 Transcriptional control of ethylene biosynthesis genes 282 11.4 Role of ethylene in ripening of non-climacteric fruit 283 11.5 Manipulation of ethylene biosynthesis and ripening 284 11.6 Ethylene-dependent and -independent aspects of climacteric ripening 286 11.7 Ethylene perception and transduction effects in fruit ripening 288 11.7.1 Ethylene perception 288 11.7.2 Chemical control of the post-harvest ethylene response in fruit ripening 289 11.7.3 Ethylene signal transduction 290 11.7.4 The transcriptional cascade leading to the regulation of ethylene-responsive and ripening-related genes 291 11.8 Hormonal crosstalk in fruit ripening 292 11.8.1 Ethylene and abscisic acid 293 11.8.2 Ethylene and jasmonate 293 11.8.3 Ethylene and auxin 294 11.8.4 Ethylene and the gibberellins 295 11.9 Conclusions and future directions 295 Acknowledgements 296 References 296 12 Ethylene and Senescence Processes 305 Laura E. Graham, Jos H.M. Schippers, Paul P. Dijkwel and Carol Wagstaff 12.1 Introduction 306 12.2 Overview of ethylene-mediated senescence in different plant organs 306 12.2.1 Leaf senescence 306 12.2.2 Pod senescence 310 12.2.3 Petal senescence 312 12.3 Transcriptional regulation of ethylene-mediated senescence processes 314 12.3.1 Global regulation 314 12.3.2 Transcription factors and signalling pathways 315 12.4 Interaction of ethylene with other hormones in relation to senescence 323 12.5 The importance of ethylene-mediated senescence in post-harvest biology 325 12.5.1 Post-harvest factors affected by ethylene 325 12.5.2 Ways of controlling ethylene-related post-harvest losses 327 12.5.2.1 Packaging 327 12.5.2.2 1-Methylcyclopropene 328 12.6 Conclusions and future perspectives 329 References 329 13 Ethylene: Multi-Tasker in Plant–Attacker Interactions 343 Sjoerd Van der Ent and Corn´e M.J. Pieterse 13.1 Introduction 344 13.2 Hormones in plant defence signalling 346 13.2.1 Hormones as defence regulators 346 13.2.2 Salicylic acid 347 13.2.3 Jasmonic acid 347 13.2.4 Ethylene 348 13.3 Implications of ethylene in basal defence and disease susceptibility 348 13.3.1 Studies with Arabidopsis thaliana 348 13.3.2 Studies with tobacco 350 13.3.3 Studies with tomato 351 13.3.4 Studies with soybean 352 13.3.5 Other plant species 352 13.4 Implications of ethylene in systemic immune responses 353 13.4.1 Systemic induced immunity 353 13.4.2 Rhizobacteria-mediated ISR 354 13.4.3 Genetic dissection of the ISR pathway in Arabidopsis 356 13.4.4 Priming for enhanced JA/ethylene-dependent defences 358 13.4.5 Molecular mechanisms of priming for enhanced defence 360 13.4.6 Costs and benefits of priming for enhanced defence 362 13.5 Ethylene modulates crosstalk among defence-signalling pathways 362 13.5.1 Crosstalk in defence signalling 362 13.5.2 Interplay among SA, JA and ethylene signalling 363 13.5.3 Ethylene: an important modulator of defence-signalling pathways 365 13.6 Concluding remarks 365 Acknowledgements 366 References 367 Index 379 First 8-page color plate section (between pages 168 and 169) Second 8-page color plate section (between pages 360 and 361)

Read more less

Book SynopsisFor those of us who have labored in the field of hormonal carcinogenesis, it has been most gratifying to see its rapid growth and increasing relevance in recent years. Although many factors and forces have contributed to this phenomenon, a few appear particularly significant. Perhaps foremost is the realization that two of the most prevalent cancers which afflict women and men; that is, breast and prostate, have essential hormonal component(s) to their etiologies. This should not surprise us since the high frequency of these cancers in human populations has to date not been attributed to any exogenous physical, environmental, or dietary factor(s). A similar argument may be applied to other less prevalent but equally important cancers including ovarian, endometrial, testicular, cervico vaginal, pituitary, thyroid, and sex hormone-associated hepatic neoplasms. The Office of ResearcTable of ContentsIntroductions.- Introductory Remarks.- Opening Address Important Questions in Women’s Health Research: Determining the Influence of Hormones on Health.- Symposium Presentations Mammary Carcinogenesis: A Unifying Hypothesis.- Regulation of Cytochrome P-450 and Carcinogenesis: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor and Dioxin Receptor.- State Of The Art Lectures.- 1 Cell Cycle and Cell Proliferation.- 2 Role of a Cell Cycle Regulator in Hereditary and Sporadic Cancers.- 3 Molecular Cytogenetics of Solid Tumor Progression.- 4 Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling of Estrogen Receptors Is Blocked by “Pure Antiestrogens”.- I. Epidemiology: Hormonal Cancers.- Causality in Hormone Associated Human Cancers.- 5 Breast Cancer Incidence in Women Exposed to Estrogen and Estrogen-Progestin Replacement Therapy.- 6 Breast Cancer Trends in Women in Sweden, the UK, and the USA in Relation to Their Past Use of Oral Contraceptives.- 7 Gene Expression in Familial Breast Cancer: A Genetic-Epidemiology Study of Premenopausal, Bilateral Breast Cancer.- 2. Breast/Mammary Gland.- The Importance of Human Breast Development in Mammary Carcinogenesis.- 8 Breast Susceptibility to Carcinogenesis.- 9 Hormones, Growth Factors and Gene Expression in Preneoplasias of the Mouse Mammary Gland.- 10 Pathogenesis of Ductal and Lobular Progestin-Induced Mammary Carcinomas in BALB/c Mice.- 3. Endometrium/Uterus.- 11 Is the hsp90 Connection Between Steroid Receptors and Immunosuppressant Binding Immunophilins Involved in the Control of Gene Transcription and Cell Growth?.- 12 Expression and Regulation of 17?-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 in Steroidogenic Cells and Estrogen Target Tissues.- Growth Factors in Endometrial Cancer.- 4. Kidney.- 13 Introduction Estrogens and Genitourinary Cancers of Syrian Hamsters.- 14 Interstitial Cell Origin of Estrogen-Induced Kidney Tumors in the Syrian Golden Hamster.- 15 Effects of Estrogens on Microtubule Assembly: Significance for Aneuploidy.- 16 Estrogen Carcinogenesis: A Sequential, Epi-Genotoxic, Multi-Stage Process.- 5. Liver.- Role of Estrogens in Liver Carcinogenesis.- 17 Hormonal Regulation of Hepatic Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis: Implications for Carcinogenesis.- 18 Mechanisms of Tamoxifen-Induced Genotoxicity and Carcinogenicity.- 19 Regulation of Growth-Associated Nuclear Transcription Factors During Growth Hormone-Regulated, Sex Differentiated Rat Liver Carcinogenesis.- 6. Prostate.- 20 Isolation of Differentially Expressed cDNAs from Prostate Cancer Cell Lines Using Differential Display PCR: Identification of an Androgen-Regulated Gene.- 21 Progression of LNCaP Human Prostate Carcinoma Cells: Androgen Receptor Activity and c-myc Gene.- 22 Regulation of Prostatic Growth and Gene Expression: Role of Stroma.- Concluding Remarks.- 23 Sex Hormones and Neoplastic Transformation.- CLINICAL FORUM: Risk and Benefits of Hormone Replacement Therapy and Oral Contraceptive Use.- Therapeutic Implications of Hormone Replacement Therapy and Oral Contraceptives.- 24 Postmenopausal Estrogen-Progestin Therapy in Relation to Cancers of the Endometrium and Breast.- 25 The Use of Hormone Replacement Therapy in Women Previously Treated for Breast Cancer.- 26 Cardioprotection by Hormone Replacement Therapy.- 27 Risk and Benefits of Oral Contraceptives.- 28 Oral Contraceptives and the Risk of Breast and Cervical Cancer.- Communications Session I. Epidemiology, Human Studies.- Some Aspects of Breast Cancer Epidemiology.- Risk of Breast Cancer Associated with Induced Abortion.- Family History of Breast Cancer as a Modifier of Other Risk Factors.- Oral Contraceptive Use and Reproductive Risk Factors for Breast Cancer: A Comparison of Results among Black and White Women.- Patterns of Cancer Mortality in Women Who Had Used Sex Steroid Hormones under Age 60.- Progestogen Use and Risk of Breast Cancer.- Five-Year Survival of Women with Breast Cancer According to Prior Use of Oral Contraceptives.- Plasma Prolactin and IGF-1 Levels in Young, Healthy, Nulliparous Women in Relation to Low Dose Oral Contraceptive Use.- Effect of a Low-Fat Diet on Estrogen and Bile Acid Metabolism in Normal Human Subjects.- Expression of GST? in Breast Cancer and its Relationship with the Expression of Estrogen Receptor and Progesterone Receptor.- p53 and Neu (c-erbB-2) Overexpression in Relation to Risk Factors for Breast Cancer.- Cost Effectiveness of Hormone Replacement Therapy in French Postmenopausal Women.- Tamoxifen Treatment Does Not Induce Endometrial Hyperplasia in Postmenopausal Women.- Uterine Myomas: A Model to Study Hormonal Regulation of Growth Related Genes.- Transforming Growth Factor ?1 Facilitates Cell Proliferation and Invasion in MAT-LyLu Prostatic Cancer Cells.- Quantitative Effects of Antiandrogen Therapy on High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Radical Prostatectomy Specimens.- Alterations in Circulating Levels of Androgens and PSA During Treatment with Finasteride in Men at High Risk for Prostate Cancer.- Session II. Cell & Molecular Biology, Metabolism.- Effect of Estradiol on MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells: Ultrastructural Studies.- Estradiol and Tamoxifen Induce TGF-?l Gene Expression in Cultured Normal Human Breast Stromal Cells.- Estrogen and Anti-Estrogen Regulation of Amplified erbB2 Gene Expression in Human Breast Cancer Cells.- Evaluation of Conformational Changes in hER-HBD by Pharmacological Dissection of Hormone Dissociation Rates in a Homogeneous Hormone-Binding Assay.- Estradiol Promotion of Size and Number of Hepatic Enzyme-Altered Foci in Rats in the Absence of Cell Proliferation.- Expression of Liver-Enriched Transcription Factors During Progression in the Resistant-Hepatocyte Model.- Nuclear Protein Binding to the AP-1 and CRE Sites During Sex-Differentiated Promotion of Rat Liver Carcinogenesis.- Induction of Endometrial Cancer by Tamoxifen in the Rat.- Mechanisms of Anti-Estrogen and Retinoid Inhibition of Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation.- Bisphenol-A Disturbs Microtubule Assembly and Induces Micronuclei In Vitro.- Natural Estrogens Induce Modulation of Microtubules in Chinese Hamster V79 Cells in Culture.- Induction of Micronucleation, Spindle Disturbances, and Mitotic Arrest in Human Chorionic Villi Cells by 17?-Estradiol, Diethylstilbestrol, and Coumestrol.- Increased Nuclear IGF-I Receptor Level, Coupled with Attenuation in DNA Repair, Plays an Important Role in Estrogen-Induced Carcinogenesis.- Pattern of Reproductive Aging in Female Rats Can Affect Mammary Tumor Incidence.- Antiproliferative Activity of Luteolin, a Naturally-Occurring Edible Plant Flavone, Against Estrone-Induced Cell Proliferation in the Mammary Gland of Noble Rats.- Sex Hormone-Induced Prostatic Carcinogenesis in Noble Rats Involves Genetic Damage and Cell Proliferation.- Catechol Estrogen Analogs as Probes of Estrogen Carcinogenesis.- In-Vitro Metabolites of Coumestrol.

Read more less

Book SynopsisMarine environment can be affected by several pollutants such as the presence of elements and their chemical species, pharmaceuticals, nanoparticles and other emerging contaminants. Environmental monitoring can be assessed by genomics, proteomics (i.e. redox proteomics), chemical speciation analysis and metallomics, metabolomics as well as other advanced strategies. The present book is a useful methodological tool for researchers and specialists in the field of analytical chemistry, environmental sciences, biochemistry, genomics and toxicology. The book includes for the first time the methodological aspects and applications related to chemical speciation and omics strategies applied to marine environment. Table of ContentsElement Speciation in Seawater: From Free Metal Determination to Proteomic Analysis. The Decisive Role of ICPMS and Related Hyphenated Techniques in Multielement and Speciation Analysis of Marine Biota. Mercury Speciation in Marine Biota and its Influence on Human Health: Metallomic and Metabolomic Approaches. Selenium Speciation in the Marine Environment. Arsenic Occurrence in Marine Biota: The Analytical Approach. Biological Effects of Organotins on the Marine Environment. Functional Genomics Approaches in Marine Pollution and Aquaculture. New Trends in Aquatic Pollution Monitoring: From Conventional Biomarkers to Environmental Proteomics. Protein Expression Profiles in Marine Organisms Exposed to Nanoparticles. Effects of Climate Change in Marine Organisms: A Proteomic Approach. Environmental Metabolomics and Toxicometabolomics in Marine Pollution Assessment. Fate and Toxicity of Inorganic Engineered Nanomaterials in the Marine Environment: Analytical Techniques and Methods. Pharmaceuticals in the Marine Environment: Analytical Techniques and Applications. Biological Effects of Pharmaceuticals on the Marine Environment.

Read more less

Book SynopsisIntroduction to Proteins provides a comprehensive and state-of-the-art introduction to the structure, function, and motion of proteins for students, faculty, and researchers at all levels. The book covers proteins and enzymes across a wide range of contexts and applications, including medical disorders, drugs, toxins, chemical warfare, and animal behavior. Each chapter includes a Summary, Exercises, and References.New features in the thoroughly-updated second edition include: A brand-new chapter on enzymatic catalysis, describing enzyme biochemistry, classification, kinetics, thermodynamics, mechanisms, and applications in medicine and other industries. These are accompanied by multiple animations of biochemical reactions and mechanisms, accessible via embedded QR codes (which can be viewed by smartphones) An in-depth discussion of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) A wider-scale description of Trade Review"This is the most interesting to read and complete text I have found for senior undergraduate or early graduate-level coverage of protein structure and function, and a great reference book to have on hand. This text is significantly updated and printed in a hardcover format with easy-to-read text (larger font and pages than usual, with margins for note-taking) and comes with annotatable ebook access for free. Overall, this is a significantly enriched 2nd edition of a book we have used successfully for several years now, which I enthusiastically recommend!" --Leslie Kuhn, Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Computer Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, USA "I used this book when studying for a course on the Mechanisms of Enzyme Catalysis. The book made everything I was struggling with so clear! It is extremely well organized and very, very thorough which makes studying from it easy! 10/10 would recommend to anyone studying proteins and/or enzymes, or even someone who just wants to learn more. Anyone looking for a supplementary reading for your course should have this text book - even if you think you don't need it, trust me, you do." --Customer review on Amazon.com Praise for the First edition: "This book offers a unique combination of structure, thermodynamics and biology. I was impressed both by the breadth of the topics covered and by the depth in which they are treated. General principles are made intuitively clear based on well-chosen examples, many of them having relevance to disease. The book could fit well as a textbook in structural biology and molecular biophysics courses." --Barry Honig, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA "I’ve just lately used this textbook for a presentation on electrostatics. Although I have an organic background, I discovered that the explanations of electrostatic interactions are very clear and informative. The language isn’t too technical and may be easily understood by biology students. The textbook covers numerous examples and colorful illustrations, which made it easy to understand the principles discussed. The book is well organized in chapters for all the fundamental topics. I feel this book would be appropriate for any undergraduate and graduate scholar who’s keen on proteins. … It’s complete, easy to observe and (something I at least discover uncommon for textbooks) pleasing to read. The authors don’t shrink back from any subjects, but clarify things in a straightforward method supported by ample examples. Highly recommended." --Physics Book Reviews at dowdawgs.com, May 2013 "Introduction to Proteins is an excellent, state-of-the-art choice for students, faculty, or researchers needing a monograph on protein structure. …The book is clear, well organized, aptly illustrated in color, and a pleasure to read. The first two chapters are an impressive textbook unto themselves … The book is thoroughly documented with citations to the literature gathered at the end of each chapter. … Overall, this is an immensely informative, thoroughly researched, up-to-date text, with broad coverage and remarkable depth. Introduction to Proteins would provide an excellent basis for an upper level or graduate course on protein structure, and a valuable addition to the libraries of professionals interested in this centrally important field." --Eric Martz, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, Vol. 40, 2012 "This is an important book. It captures in a very accessible way a growing body of literature on the structure, function and motion of proteins, and links this to more established paradigms such as a reader might find in a mainstream biochemistry text. The text is littered with excellent examples of the wider relevance of the material covered. The book is also exceptionally well written. I learned new things from each chapter. Overall, a superb publication that would be very useful to undergraduates, graduate students, postdoctoral researchers and instructors involved in structural biology or biophysics courses or in research on protein structure–function relationships. I would recommend it highly." --David Sheehan, ChemBioChem, 2011 "The book provides general guidelines for understanding protein structure and demonstrates how we can use the structure to phrase testable hypotheses about biological function. The repeated use of the same example makes it easier for the reader to grasp the general principles. The book gives a coherent picture of each topic and includes ample references, making it possible for the interested reader to dig deeply into various topics. The book also covers structural aspects of intrinsically unstructured proteins and how this property facilitates their biological function. It provides background in cell biology, basic chemistry and thermodynamics, making it useful for newcomers to the protein structure field who want to catch up quickly. It is also easy for experts to dive into the more specialized aspects quickly. The book provides references to user-friendly web tools in the field. The publisher’s website provides exercises on both theory and practice. Sample solutions and PowerPoint presentations are available for qualified teachers. These make the book attractive as the main textbook in an undergraduate course on protein structure, for parts of freshman biochemistry, and as a supplement for many undergraduate and graduate courses." --Burkhard Rost, Technische Universität München, Germany Table of ContentsIntroduction. Protein Structure. Methods of Structure Determination and Prediction. Energetics and Protein Stability. Protein Dynamics. Intrinsically Unstructured Proteins. Membrane-Bound Proteins. Protein-Ligand Interactions. Enzymatic Catalysis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe most promising natural substance in our body is NADH, the biological form of hydrogen. It reacts with the oxygen present in every living cell, producing energy and water. The more energy it can produce the better it function, and the longer the cell, and the entire organism, lives. This book describes the many positive benefits of this new energy supplement that is a potent antioxident, lowers cholesterol and high blood pressure, and boosts the immune system.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis new volume focuses on clinical biochemistry fundamentals, cell culture techniques, and drug discovery and development concepts. It deals with three different fields of clinical research: cell culture, clinical biochemistry, and drug discovery and development.The book introduces cell animal and bacterial culture techniques and their potential uses as well as cell culture techniques. The biochemistry aspect of the book covers the principles of clinical biochemistry and biochemical analysis, biochemical aids to clinical diagnosis, measurement, and quality control. The book also presents important concepts in cell membrane receptor signal transduction pathways as drug targets.The drug development focus of the book discusses the fundamentals of human disease and drug discovery. Various in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches for drug discovery are examined, along with a discussion on drug delivery carriers and clinical trials. Overall, the volume provides an overview of the journey from clinical fundamentals to clinical output.Table of Contents1. An Introduction to Cell Culture 2. Animal Cell Culture 3. Bacterial Cell Culture 4. Potential Use of Cell Cultures 5. Principles of Clinical Biochemistry and Biochemical Analysis 6. Biochemical Aids to Clinical Diagnosis 7. Clinical Measurements and Quality Control 8. Cell Membrane Receptor 9. Mechanisms of Signal Transduction 10. Human Disease Drug Therapy and Drug Discovery 11. Drug Development: In Silico, In Vivo and System Biology Approach 12. Drug Development: Drug Delivery Carriers and Clinical Trial 13. Role of Micro RNA in Prostate Cancer Therapy 14. Pathogenesis, Molecular Mechanisms of Progression, and Therapeutic Targets of Liver Fibrosis: An Update 15. Prostate Cancer: Molecular Aspects, Biomarkers, and Chemo-Preventive Agents 16. Overview of Tuberculosis Biomarkers: An Update

Read more less

Book SynopsisFor human health, leishmaniasis is among the most important protozoan diseases, superseded only by malaria. Globally, 10 to 12 million people are infected with 1.5 million new cases every year. The development of cheaper new drugs is urgently needed for this neglected disease that is developing resistance to current treatments. Chemotherapy remains the only treatment option for the bulk of patients. However, this is largely unaffordable for most. In the past three years numerous advances in drug discovery have been made for treating this disease by exploiting diverging metabolic pathways between the Leishmania enzymes and their hosts, using nanotechnology to target the immune cell phagolysosomes where Leishmania resides. Drug Discovery for Leishmaniasis aims to provide a perspective of the current treatments and their challenges, blended with the emerging strategies and methodologies that will drive new target appraisals and drug developments, as well as addressing the molecular basis of resistance in Leishmania. Recent studies have shown that leishmaniasis affects some of the poorest people in the world, with 95% of fatal cases occurring in only 6 countries. With the WHO goal of eliminating this public health problem in the South-east Asia Region by 2020, this book will be important for anyone who is interested in neglected tropical diseases.Trade ReviewThis is a timely and highly relevant book that provides a comprehensive and in-depth overview of the current state and future directions of drug discovery for leishmaniasis. It has a broad scientific scope and wonderful insights from leading experts in the field which ensures that there is something for everyone, and that this book is truly a must-have for anyone working in the area of leishmaniasis. -- Dr. Steven L. Cobb, Durham University (UK) * ChemMedChem, DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800266 *Table of ContentsLeishmaniasis, Impact and Therapeutic Needs; Anti-leishmanial Drug Discovery: Past, Present and Future Perspectives; From Bench to Bedside: Development and Optimization of Clinical Therapies for Visceral Leishmaniasis; Drug Assay Methodology in Leishmaniasis: From the Microplate to Image Analysis; The Pursuit of Novel Anti-leishmanial Agents by High-throughput Screening (HTS) of Chemical Libraries; Omics and Their Impact on the Development of Chemotherapy Against Leishmania; In silico Tools for Target Identification and Drug Molecular Docking in Leishmania; Medicinal Chemistry Strategies to Discover New Leishmanicidal Drugs; Natural Products as a Source of New Drugs Against Leishmania; Organometallic Compounds in Chemotherapy Against Leishmania; New Avenues for Drug Delivery in Leishmania: Using Treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis with Amphotericin B as an Exemplar; Addressing the Molecular Biology of Leishmania for Drug Development; The Physical Matrix of the Plasma Membrane as a Target: The Charm of Drugs with Low Specificity; Nutrient Transport and Sensing as Pharmacological Targets for Leishmaniasis; Carbon Metabolism as a Drug Target in Leishmania; The Redox Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in Leishmania as a Crossroads for the Lethal Effect of Drugs; DNA Topoisomerases as Promising Targets for Leishmania Chemotherapy; Molecular Basis of Drug Resistance in Leishmania; The Macrophage–Parasite Interface as a Chemotherapeutic Target in Leishmaniasis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis publication is based on peer-reviewed manuscripts from the 2019 Conference on Drug Design & Discovery Technologies (CDDT) held at Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, India. Providing a wide range of up to date topics on the latest advancements in drug design and discovery technologies, this book ensures the reader receives a good understanding of the scope of the field. Aimed at scientists, students, regulators, academics and consultants throughout the world, this book is an ideal resource for anyone interested in the state of the art in drug design and discovery.Table of ContentsPart 1: Structure Based Drug Design Approach; MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS ON BACILLUS SUBTILIS EngA – FOR EXPLORING NUCLEOTIDE DEPENDENT CONFORMATIONS; ERRORS MADE IN AB INITIO+ HOMOLOGY-BASED PROTEIN STRUCTURE PREDICTION TOOLS ARISE DUE TO LACK OF CONSIDERATION OF IMPACT FORCES; PARADIGM SHIFT IN RESEARCH FOCUS: COMPUTATIONAL SOFTWARES IN CANCER BIOLOGY; VIRTUAL SCREENING OF BIO-ACTIVE COMPOUNDS AS AN INHIBITOR OF C-FLIP PROTEIN FOR CANCER TREATMENT; FRAGMENT-BASED DESIGN OF NOVEL INHIBITORS OF HPV 16 E6 ONCOPROTEIN: MOLECULAR DOCKING, MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION AND IN SILICO ADME ANALYSIS; DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL POLY ADP-RIBOSE POLYMERASE 1 (PARP1) INHIBITORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF SOLID TUMORS; IN SILICO EVALUATION OF THE ROLE OF PHYTOCHEMICALS IN ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE THROUGH WNT SIGNALING MODULATION; IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL VEGFR2 INHIBITORS EMPLOYING E-PHARMACOPHORE MODEL, VIRTUAL SCREENING, MOLECULAR DYNAMIC SIMULATION AND ADME ANALYSIS; DEVELOPMENT OF NEW NEPRILYSIN INHIBITOR AS A MODULATOR OF CHRONIC KIDNEY AND HEART DISEASE USING IN SILICO DRUG REPURPOSING APPROACH; ANTICANCER POTENTIAL OF PHYTOCONSTITUENTS MODULATING NA/ K ATPASE PUMP; A NOVEL REPURPOSING STRATEGY; IN SILICO HIT IDENTIFICATION, DRUG REPURPOSING, PHARMACOKINETIC AND TOXICITY PREDICTION OF c-MET KINASE INHIBITORS FOR CANCER THERAPY; DESIGN OF POTENT TELOMERASE INHIBITORS USING STRUCTURE BASED APPROACHES; MOLECULAR DOCKING BASED SCREENING OF “NITROGEN CONTAINING BISPHOSPHONATE CONJUGATE WITH HYDROXYAPETITE” ACTIVE CONSTITUENTS TOWARDS MELVONATE PATHWAY IN FINDING POTENT INHIBITORS FOR ANTI-OSTEOPOROTIC ACTIVITY; ZANAPEZIL, A POTENTIAL REPURPOSABLE DRUG AGAINST HUNTINGTON DISEASE: AN IN SILICO FORECAST; DRUG REPURPOSING FOR HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA VIA VIRTUAL SCREENING INTEGRATED WITH BIOINFORMATICS ANALYSIS; AN IN SILICO TARGET SPECIFIC DRUG REPURPOSING APPROACH FOR MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; Part 2: Structure Based Drug Design and Biological Evaluation; DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF 3-PHENYLISOXAZOLO[5,4-D]PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES AS ANTICANCER AGENTS.; QSAR AND DOCKING STUDIES ON TRIAZOLE BENZENE SULFONAMIDES WITH HUMAN CARBONIC ANHYDRASE IX INHIBITORY ACTIVITY; DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF SOME NOVEL ERLOTINIB DERIVATIVES AS POTENTIAL EGFR KINASE INHIBITORS; DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL SERIES OF 1,3-THIAZOLE CONTAINING HETEROCYCLES AS INHIBITORS OF DHFR FOR USE AS ANTICANCER AGENTS; IN SILICO AND IN VITRO STUDIES OF BENZOHYDRAZIDE ANALOGUES AS POTENT ANDROGEN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; DESIGN, MOLECULAR DOCKING, SYNTHESIS AND ANTI-FUNGAL ACTIVITY OF NOVEL BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES; SYNTHESIS, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND COMPUTATIONAL STUDIES OF 2-SUBSTITUTED-L-THIAPROLINES; DESIGN, SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERISATION AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF NOVEL PYRIMIDONE DERIVATIVES; Part 4: Chemical Synthesis and Biological Evaluation; MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS OF 4-BENZYLIDENE-2-(2-FLUOROPHENYL) OXAZOL-5(4H)-ONE DERIVATIVES CATALYSED BY EGG SHELL POWDER AND EVALUATION OF THEIR ANTI-MICROBIAL ACTIVITY; SYNTHESIS OF OXAZOLOQUINOLONE DERIVATIVES AND EVALUATION OF THEIR POTENCY TO REACTIVATE RAT BRAIN ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITED BY CHLORPYRIFOS; Part 5:

Read more less

Book SynopsisTimothy Leary's advice to "tune in, turn on and drop out" was a 1960s exhortation to experiment with LSD, but humans had been consuming ergot alkaloids related to lysergic acid diethylamide for at least a thousand years. Opium has been around even longer with its medicinal uses being known to the Ancient Sumerians as long ago as 3400 BC. This is the first book to cover all of the major psychoactive drugs (both natural and synthetic) in one volume, and the only one to cover all aspects of these drugs from their anthropological and sociological influences through to their chemistry and pharmacology. It covers a range of substances including LSD, opium, heroin, cocaine, cannabis, peyote, belladonna, mandrake, and absinthe. The book is highly readable and concentrates on the characters (e.g. authors, painters, pop stars, hippies, politicians and drug barons), both famous and infamous, who have ensured that psychoactive drugs hold an enduring fascination and interest for everyone. The basic chemistry and pharmacological activity covered together with a brief account of useful drugs that have emerged from a study of the psychoactive ones.Trade Review"This fascinating book...introduces us to the history of the various groups of mind-altering chemicals, beginning with ergot and LSD.""The book is beautifully produced and well illustrated.""...would make excellent background reading for pharmacy students." * The Pharmaceutical Journal, April 2010 *Table of ContentsChapter 1: From Ergotism to LSD; Chapter 2: From Opium to Heroin; Chapter 3: Coca and Cocaine; Chapter 4: Cannabis: Hashish, Marijuana, Chaeas and Bhang; Chapter 5: Belladonna, Mandrake and Daturas; Chapter 6: Peyote and Amphetamines; Chapter 7: Fly Agaric; Chapter 8: Absinthe

Read more less

Book SynopsisAlzheimer's disease is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly. A recent study from the Bloomberg School of Public Health recently estimated that over 26 million people were living with the disease in 2006 and that the global prevalence of the disease will grow to 106 million by 2050. By that time, 43 per cent of those living with the disease will need high-level care, equivalent to that of a nursing home. However, even if modest advances in preventing or delaying the disease's progression were made, it could have a huge impact on global public health. According to this study, interventions that could delay the onset of the disease by as little as one year would reduce the prevalence of the disease by 12 million fewer cases in 2050. These figures reinforce how important it is to find an effective intervention for Alzheimer's disease. Emerging Drugs and Targets for Alzheimer's Disease collects some of the most outstanding examples of new drugs currently under pharmaceutical development or new targets in the validation process that will reach the Alzheimer's drug market over the next few years as disease modifying drugs. Written by a team of distinguished experts, these volumes are an essential resource for scientists in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries and academics working in the neurosciences field.Table of ContentsBeta-Amyloid as target; Chapter 1: The amyloid hypothesis of AD and prospects for therapeutics; Chapter 2: Targeting Alzheimer's ?-Secretase: Genetic and Chemical Modulation; Chapter 3: Cholesterol and AD: the molecules, the targets; Chapter 4: The Bimodal Features of Butyrylcholinesterase in Cholinergic Neurotransmission and Amyloid Suppression; Chapter 5: Scyllo-inositol, a potential therapy for Alzheimer's disease; Chapter 6: Immunotherapeutic strategies toward treatment of AD; Tau protein as target; Chapter 7: Alzheimer Neurofibrillary Degeneration: Pivotal Role and Therapeutic Targets; Chapter 8: Multiple roles of glycogen synthase kinase-3 in AD; Chapter 9: Tau protein kinases inhibitors: from the bench to the clinical trials; Chapter 10: Activating PP2A as a therapeutic intervention strategy in AD; Chapter 11: Rationale for tau aggregation inhibitor therapy in Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies; Glucose Metabolism as target; Chapter 12: Insulin Insulin Resistance and neurodegeneration: Type 2 versus type 3 diabetes mellitus; Chapter 13: Insulin-like Growth Factor I as a disease-modifying therapy in Alzheimer¦s disease; Chapter 14: Ketone bodies as a therapeutic for Alzheimer¦s disease

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

Book SynopsisComplex carbohydrates such as high molecular weight polysaccharides like starch and cellulose, are well known for their importance in foodstuffs, paper and wood, but their importance extends far beyond that into the biopharmaceutical, healthcare, oil and printing industries. This book, based on a discussion meeting organised by RSC Biotechnology and Carbohydrate Groups, brings together leading experts from the polysaccharide and glycoconjugate communities to review, discuss and assess in detail one specific topic, namely the importance of the stability and degradation of carbohydrate structures. Coverage includes applications as diverse as food, biopharmaceuticals, vaccines, biofuels and preservation of Viking boats. Providing essential reading for anyone interested in these structures and the diversity of their applications, it will appeal to a broad, multidisciplinary group from industry, academia and research institutions.Table of ContentsCarbohydrates: First cousins of Water; Enzymic degradation of cell wall polysaccharides; Dietary Fibre: Functional Components and Mechanisms of Action in the Gastrointestinal Tract; Enzymatic treatment of polysaccharides; Stability of polysaccharide encapsulates; Polysaccharide and glycoconjugate vaccines; Mucin turnover; Some advances in hydrodynamic stability probes; Stability of chitosan and pectin as nasal and intestinal mucoadhesives; Cellulose crystallinity: perspectives from spectroscopy and diffraction; Cellulose; Cellulose de-construction: what can be learned from molecular modeling and dissolution experiments?; Lignin; Observations on bacterial degradation of historical wood timbers found in near anaerobic waterlogged environments; Subject Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisDementia and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s are becoming an increasingly important cause of medical and social concern due to the growth in the ageing population. Mechanisms and Metal Involvement in Neurodegenerative Diseases delivers in one volume a streamlined source of information on each of the main neurodegenerative diseases including mild cognitive impairment, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, Freiderich's ataxia, prion disease, multiple sclerosis and alcoholic brain damage. Each chapter is structured to give the definition of disease, proteins involved with structure of normal protein and abnormal proteins, pathology associated with the abnormal proteins, oxidative stress and inflammation, iron homeostatic mechanisms, primary neurotransmitter involved, other metal involvement and therapeutic strategies. Structures of the adherent protein involved in the disease process are also presented with emphasis on the chemical structures used in the treatment of each neurodegenerative disease together with their biochemical mode of action. Written by acknowledged experts in their respective areas this new book provides readers with readily accessible information on each of the neurodegenerative diseases.Table of ContentsIntroduction; Mild cognitive impairment; Parkinson's Disease; Alzheimer's Disease; Freiderich's Ataxia; Prion Disese; Multiple Sclerosis; Alcoholic brain damage;

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis second volume in the Food Policy series focuses on critical nutrition and dietetics studies, offering an innovative and interdisciplinary exploration of the complexities of the food supply and the actors in it through a new critical lens. The volume provides an overview of the growth of critical nutrition and dietetics since its inception in 2009, as well as commentary on its continuing relevance and its applicability in the fields of dietetic education, research, and practice. Chapters address key topics such as how to bring critical dietetics into conventional practice, applying critical diets in clinical practice, policy applications, and new perspectives on training and educating a critical nutrition and dietetic workforce. Contributing authors from around the globe also discuss the role of critical nutrition dietetics in industry, private practice, and consultancy, as well the role of critical dietetics in addressing the food, hunger, and health issues associated with the world economic crisis. The authors designed the volume to be a reference work for students enrolled in undergraduate and postgraduate courses in Critical Nutrition, Critical Food Studies, and Critical Dietetics. Each chapter offers concise aims and learning outcomes, as well as assignments for students and a concise chapter summary. These features enhance the value of the volume as a learning tool. Table of ContentsForeword by John Coveney and Martin CaraherChapter 1: Foundations of critical aspects of food and nutrition studiesJacqui GingrasChapter 2: Critical perspectives in clinical practice of nutrition and dieteticsDebbie MacLellanChapter 3: Community nutrition and dietetics practices and food democracySue BoothChapter 4: Policy and practice: what does this gap look like using a critical nutrition and dietetics lens?Yuka AsadaChapter 5: Training and educating a critical nutrition and dietetic workforce: new perspectivesDaphne LordlyChapter 6: Why is a critically reflexive practice critical to nutrition and dietetics?Angela CuddyChapter 7: Swimming against the tide: 12 ways of bringing critical nutrition and dietetics into conventional practicesCathy MorleyChapter 8: Critical nutrition and dietetics in industry, private practice and consultancy: the importance of ethicsJohn CoveneyChapter 9: World economic crisis: food, hunger and health disparitiesJill WhiteChapter 10: Dietitian as Advocate and Activist: Our Past, Present, and Future PossibilitiesJennifer BradleyChapter 11: Toward critical nutrition counselling practice and pedagogyIan WisemanSummary: Summing it all up criticallyJohn Coveney and Martin Caraher

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book describes the exciting biology and chemistry of strigolactones. Outgrowth of shoot branches? Development of lateral roots? Interactions with beneficial microorganisms? Avoiding parasitic plants? Responding to drought conditions? These important “decisions” that plants make are all regulated by a group of hormones called strigolactones.The latest research has yielded a number of new biological concepts, such as a redefinition of plant hormones and their crosstalk, new functional diversity of receptors, hormonal “smoke and mirrors,” core signaling pathways, and even phloem transport of receptor proteins. Another important aspect of strigolactones is the related synthetic chemistry, which could pave the way for a variety of potential applications in agriculture and medicine.The book explains in detail the role that strigolactones play in plant development, and addresses the interaction of plants with soil biota and abiotic stress conditions, prospects of strigolactone biochemistry and evolution, and chemical synthesis of natural strigolactones and analogs, together with their potential applications. Including a glossary and end-of-chapter synopses to aid in comprehension, it offers a valuable asset for teachers, lecturers and (post-) graduate students in biology, agronomy and related areas..Table of Contents1. Strigolactone natural biosynthesis.- 2. Strigolactones as plant hormones.- 3. Strigolactones and parasitic plants.- 4. Strigolactones and the soil microbiota.- 5. Strigolactones likes and evolution.- 6. Strigolactones synthetic chemistry and applications.- 7. Synopses.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

Book SynopsisLife in all its forms is based on nucleic acids which store and transfer genetic information. The book addresses the main aspects of synthesis, hydrolytic stability, solution equilibria of nucleosides and nucleotides as well as base modifications of nucleic acids. The author further describes their structural analogues used as therapeutic drugs, such as antivirals and anticancer agents, and prodrug strategies of nucleotides.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book presents advanced expression technologies for the production of protein complexes. Since complexes lie at the heart of modern biology, the expression, purification, and characterization of large amounts of high-quality protein complexes is crucial for the fields of biomedicine, biotechnology, and structural biology. From co-expression in E. coli, yeast, mammalian and insect cells to complex reconstitution from individual subunits, this book offers useful insights and guidance for successful protein expressionists. Across several sections readers will discover existing opportunities for the production of protein complexes in bacterial systems (including membrane proteins and cell-free co-expression), methylotrophic and non-methylotrophic yeasts, protozoa (Leishmania terantolae and Dictyostelium discoideum), baculovirus-infected insect cells, mammalian cells, plants and algae. Complex reconstitution from individually purified subunits or subcomplexes is discussed as a complementary strategy. A last section introduces briefly some of the biophysical and structural characterization techniques for macromolecular complexes using state-of-the-art solution scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance. This work is a guided tour over some of the most powerful and successful protein expression technologies, with a focus on co-expression and high-throughput applications. It is addressed to everyone interested in the production and characterization of macromolecular complexes, from university students who want an accessible description of the major co-expression systems to researchers in biomedicine and the life sciences seeking for an up-to-date survey of available technologies.Table of ContentsPreface. Complex Biologics: Engineering the Tools and the Hosts. M. Cristina Vega, Francisco J. Fernández and Imre Berger Section 1: Introduction 1. Protein complex production from the drug discovery standpoint; Ismail Moarefi <2. Choose a suitable expression host: a survey of available protein production platforms; Francisco J. Fernández and M. Cristina Vega Section 2: Prokaryotic expression hosts 3. ACEMBL Tool-Kits for High-Throughput Multigene Delivery and Expression in Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Hosts; Yan Nie, Maxime Chaillet, Christian Becke, Matthias Haffke, Martin Pelosse, Daniel Fitzgerald, Ian Collinson, Christiane Schaffitzel and Imre Berger 4. Complex reconstitution and characterization by combining co-expression techniques in Escherichia coli with high-throughput; Renaud Vincentelli and Christoph Romier 5. Membrane protein production in E. coli for applications in drug discovery; Harm Jan (Arjan) Snijder and Jonna Hakulinen6. Cell-free Synthesis of Macromolecular Complexes; Matthieu Botte, Aurélien Deniaud and Christiane Schaffitzel 7. A Bacillus megaterium system for the production of recombinant proteins and protein complexes; Rebekka Biedendieck 8. Protein complex production in alternative prokaryotic hosts; Sara Gómez, Miguel López-Estepa, Francisco J. Fernández and M. Cristina Vega Section 3: Lower Eukaryotic expression hosts 9. Production of Protein Complexes in Non-methylotrophic and Methylotrophic Yeasts; Francisco J. Fernandez, Miguel López-Estepa, Javier Querol-García and M. Cristina Vega 10. Leishmania tarentolae for the Production of Multi-Subunit Complexes; Tomoaki Niimi 11. Alternative Eukaryotic Expression Systems for the Production of Proteins and Protein Complexes; Sara Gómez, Miguel López-Estepa, Francisco J. Fernández, Teresa Suárez and M. Cristina Vega Section 4: Higher Eukaryotic expression hosts 12. Fundamentals of baculovirus expression and applications; Tom A. Kost and Christopher W. Kemp 13. The MultiBac Baculovirus / Insect Cell Expression Vector System for Producing Complex Protein Biologics; Duygu Sari, Kapil Gupta, Deepak Balaji Govinda Raj, Alice Aubert, Petra Dmcova, Frederic Garzoni, Daniel Fitzgerald and Imre Berger 14. Fundamentals of expression in mammalian cells; Michael R. Dyson 15. Assembling multi-subunit complexes using mammalian expression; Bahar Baser and Joop van den Heuvel Section 5: Plant expression 16. Microalgae as solar-powered protein factories; Franziska Hempel and Uwe G. Maier 17. Strategies and methodologies for the co-expression of multiple proteins in plants; Albert Ferrer, Montserrat Arró, David Manzano and Teresa Altabella 18. Transient expression systems in plants—potentialities and constraints; Tomas Canto Section 6: Complex reconstitution 19. Complex reconstitution from individual protein modules; Jérome Basquin, Michael Taschner and Esben Lorentzen 20. Structural reconstruction of protein-protein complexes involved in intracellular signaling; Klára Kirsch, Péter Sok, and Attila Remény Section 7: Biophysical methods to assess protein complexes 21. The use of small-angle scattering for the characterization of multi subunit complexes; Adam Round22. Application of nuclear magnetic resonance and hybrid methods to structure determination of complex systems. Filippo Prischi and Annalisa Pastore

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis updated and up-to-date version of the first edition continues with the really interesting stuff to spice up a standard biophysics and biophysical chemistry course. All relevant methods used in current cutting edge research including such recent developments as super-resolution microscopy and next-generation DNA sequencing techniques, as well as industrial applications, are explained. The text has been developed from a graduate course taught by the author for several years, and by presenting a mix of basic theory and real-life examples, he closes the gap between theory and experiment. The first part, on basic biophysical chemistry, surveys fundamental and spectroscopic techniques as well as biomolecular properties that represent the modern standard and are also the basis for the more sophisticated technologies discussed later in the book. The second part covers the latest bioanalytical techniques such as the mentioned super-resolution and next generation sequencing methods, confocal fluorescence microscopy, light sheet microscopy, two-photon microscopy and ultrafast spectroscopy, single molecule optical, electrical and force measurements, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, optical tweezers, quantum dots and DNA origami techniques. Both the text and illustrations have been prepared in a clear and accessible style, with extended and updated exercises (and their solutions) accompanying each chapter. Readers with a basic understanding of biochemistry and/or biophysics will quickly gain an overview of cutting edge technology for the biophysical analysis of proteins, nucleic acids and other biomolecules and their interactions. Equally, any student contemplating a career in the chemical, pharmaceutical or bio-industry will greatly benefit from the technological knowledge presented. Questions of differing complexity testing the reader's understanding can be found at the end of each chapter with clearly described solutions available on the Wiley-VCH textbook homepage under: www.wiley-vch.de/textbooksTable of ContentsIntroduction: What is Biophysical Chemistry? - An Example from Drug Screening PART I: Basic Methods in Biophysical Chemistry BASIC OPTICAL PRINCIPLES Introduction What Does the Electronic Structure of Molecules Look Like? Orbitals, Wave Functions and Bonding Interactions How Does Light Interact with Molecules? Transition Densities and the Transition Dipole Moment Absorption Spectra of Molecules in Liquid Environments. Vibrational Excitation and the Franck-Condon Principle What Happens After Molecules have Absorbed Light? Fluorescence, Nonradiative Transitions and the Triplet State Quantitative Description of all Processes: Quantum Efficiencies, Kinetics of Excited State Populations and the Jablonski Diagram Problems OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF BIOMOLECULES Introduction Experimental Determination of Absorption and Fluorescence Spectra Optical Properties of Proteins and DNA Optical Properties of Important Cofactors BASIC FLUORESCENCE TECHNQUES Introduction Fluorescent Labelling and Linking Techniques Fluorescence Detection Techniques Fluorscence Polarization Anisotropy Forster Resonance Energy Transfer Fluorescence Kinetics Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching Biochemiluminescence CHIROPTICAL AND SCATTERING METHODS Chiroptical Methods Light Scattering Vibrational Spectra of Biomolecules MAGNETIC RESONANCE TECHNIQUES Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Biomolecules Electron Paramagnetic Resonance MASS SPECTROMETRY Introduction MALDI-TOF ESI-MS Structural and Sequence Analysis Using Mass Spectrometry PART II: Advanced Methods in Biophysical Chemistry FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY Introduction Conventional Fluorescence Microscopy Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy Light-Sheet Microscopy SUPER-RESOLUTION FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) Microscopy Photoactivated Localization Microscopy (PALM) and Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM) 3D Super-Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy Imaging of Live Cells Multicolour Super-Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy Structured Illumination Microscopy SOFI Final Comparison SINGLE-BIOMOLECULE TECHNIQUES Introduction Optical Single-Molecule Detection Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy Optical Tweezers Atomic Force Microscopy of Biomolecules Patch Clamping ULTRAFAST- AND NONLINEAR SPECTROSCOPY Introduction Nonlinear Microscopy and Spectroscopy Ultrafast Spectroscopy DNA SEQUENCING AND NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING METHODS Sanger Method Next-Generation Sequencing Methods SPECIAL TECHNIQUES Introduction Fluorescing Nanoparticles Surface Plasmon Resonance Detection DNA Origami DNA Microarrays Flow Cytometry Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Microspheres and Nanospheres ASSAY DEVELOPMENT, READERS AND HIGH-THROUGHPUT SCREENING Introduction Assay Development and Assay Quality Microtitre Plates and Fluorescence Readers Application Example: Drug Discovery and High-Throughput Screening Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis workbook in stereochemistry is designed for students, lecturers and scientists in chemistry, pharmacy, biology and medicine who deal with chiral chemical compounds and their properties. It serves as a supplement to textbooks and seminars and thus provides selected examples for students to practice the use of the conventions and terminology for the exact three-dimensional description of chemical compounds. It contains 191 problems with extended solutions. Trade ReviewThe late Edgar Heilbronner, one of the great physical and organic chemists of the 20th century, had a particularly effective lecture. He started it as follows: "You know pretty much everything I am going to say. So let us begin with the questions." And up on the screen flashed the first question. The lecture continued in the same vein; Heilbronner’s carefully structured answers to just the right questions led to a fascinating seminar, and a learning experience. I thought of Edgar Heilbronner’s lecture as I read the Hellwich and Siebert "Stereochemistry Workbook." In it are 191 graduated problems, along with succinct and clear solutions. One has to know a little stereochemical lore to begin with, for instance the priority rules of the CIP system. But otherwise everything is taught, in exemplary fashion, just through the progression of questions and answers. Complexities of naming coordination compounds, and dealing with chirality planes and axes are not avoided. The examples grow increasingly challenging. The success of this small volume lies in the fact it has a hidden narrative structure. Complexity is introduced in stages; solutions to the problems are attainable goals. One is drawn in, it is fun to go on. And the book is decorated with fascinating short stories of pharmaceutical design and utility. We have here a rare instance of a well-designed workbook that constructs a learning experience better than that found in most textbooks. What more would I want to see in it? The ordinary (of reasonable Lewis structures, normal bond lengths, moderate temperature [T less than ~100 °C]) which is the province of the beautiful compounds that are discussed in this book, needs to be defined. The ordinary is not diminished by what constrains it, for the fantastic variety the normal world generates suffices. But it is good to be aware of just what the assumptions are. Let me give an example. In one problem, a set of isomers of a bicyclic compound (cyclothiazide) is eliminated from discussion because a bridge can be formed only by cis fusion. In another example, two isomers of a [CoCl2(H2NNH2)(PPh3)2] complex are said to be not possible, those where the H2NNH2 would bridge trans-positions on the octahedral metal. Indeed, both statements make sense, but it would be interesting to mention why they are true (strain, the long N–N bond necessary). And how it is in the nature of chemists to subvert the impossible, and what ingenious molecules might do if there is no option but the energetically costly impossible. "Stereochemistry Workbook," one of the most effective pedagogical texts I’ve encountered, re-emphasizes the fundamental role of geometry in chemistry. Molecules have shapes. The logic of isomerism, in all its manifestations, the life-and-death-determining necessity of describing three-dimensional geometry, our representational struggles to do so – these define the beauty of chemistry. (Roald Hoffmann, Cornell University, Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 2009, 5, No. 38)Table of ContentsQuestions.- Answers.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less