Archaeology by period / region Books

Book SynopsisThe ancient town discovered at the site of today’s Marina el-Alamein (located on the northern coast of Egypt) developed from the 2nd century BC to the 6th century AD. It found itself at the crossroads of several civilisations: Hellenic, later replaced by Roman, and ultimately Christian, and was always strongly influenced by Egyptian tradition. A variety of cultures appeared and met here and grew in strength – then their significance weakened – but they always co-existed and influenced one another. The syncretism prevailing here is notable in the spheres of art, architecture, religion and worship. 2015 marked thirty years since the discovery of the remains of the ancient city, which, for many centuries, had been unknown to the world. The remains were found unexpectedly during the preparatory work for the construction of a modern tourist settlement on the Mediterranean coast, and the significance and extraordinary value of the discovery was immediately recognised. Now the ancient city, and the historic remains of its buildings, are gradually coming to light. The Jubilee was twofold, since 2015 marked also the 20th anniversary of the setting up of the Polish-Egyptian Conservation Mission, Marina el-Alamein. Throughout this time, both architectural and archaeological research have been carried out at the site, many discoveries have been made, numerous relics of historic building structures have been preserved, and conservation methods have been improved. In the jubilee year, researchers who work on archaeological sites and towns with a similar history and position in the ancient world in the realms of art and culture were invited to contribute to a scientific discussion and exchange of experiences. The contributors were representatives of different disciplines and research methodologies: archaeologists, architects, Egyptologists, specialists in religious studies, historians and conservators. The papers in the present volume encompass interdisciplinary reviews of both new and long-term studies carried out in various regions of the ancient world. The papers present research that was conducted in different regions ranging from ancient Mauritania, through Africa, Egypt, Cyprus, Palestine, Syria, as well as sites in Crimea and Georgia. The topography of cities, the architecture of public buildings, as well as houses and their décor — architectural, sculptural and painted — are presented. Religious syncretism and the importance of ancient texts are discussed. Studies on pottery are also presented. The volume includes studies on the conservation of architectural remains, sculpture and painting. Several articles are devoted to the study of Marina el-Alamein; others talk about ancient Alexandria, Deir el-Bahari, Hermopolis Magna, Bakchias, Pelusium, Kom Wasit, Berenike, Ptolemais, Apollonia, Palmyra, Nea Paphos, as well as Chersonesus Taurica and Apsarus.Table of ContentsPreface; Greco-Roman Cities at the Crossroads of Cultures – Marina el-Alamein in Egypt – by Wiktor Andrzej Daszewski; Hermopolis Magna at the Crossroad of Cultures – by Marek Baranski; Marina el-Alamein, Greco-Roman Town in Egypt – by Grazyna Bakowska-Czerner and Rafal Czerner; The Roman Thermae in the Citadel of Chersonesus Taurica – by Andrzej B. Biernacki and Elena Klenina; Reconstruction of the Western Courtyard of the ‘Hellenistic House’ in Nea Paphos, Cyprus – by Aleksandra Brzozowska-Jawornicka; Gonio-Apsarus (Short History and Architectural Review) – by Lana Burkadze; Three Ancient Cities of North Africa and their Roman Baths: Tiddis, Timgad, Tipasa. Actual State of Preservation – by Maciej Czapski; Pottery from the Early Roman Rubbish Dumps in Berenike, Egypt. Notes on the Material from Trenches 96/14 and 107/15 – by Agnieszka Dzwonek; Roman Housing in Palmyra – by Michal Gawlikowski; Tell Farama (Pelusium). Roman City on the Mediterranean Coast – by Krzysztof Jakubiak; ‘Life after life’ of the House of Leukaktios after the Earthquake in 365 – by Elzbieta Jastrzebowska; The Greeks at Kom Wasit (Western Nile Delta), Egypt – by Mohamed Kenawi and Cristina Mondin; Survival or Revival? Urban and Architectural Change in Post-Classical Alexandria – by Grzegorz Majcherek; Egyptianising Motifs and Alexandrian Influences on Some Elements of Architectural Decoration from Mauretania Tingitana (Morocco) – by Niccolo Mugnai; Houses, Architectural Orders and Opera Sectilia: Some Reflections on the Society of Cyrenaica and Egypt During the Imperial Period – by Patrizio Pensabene and Eleonora Gasparini; Ptolemais and Apollonia. Some Remarks about the Planning and Functioning of Two Port Cities in Cyrenaica – by Monika Rekowska; Σαλμεσχοινιακά – by Alessandro Roccati; Diachronic Development of a Settlement in the Fayyum Region: Bakchias in Ptolemaic and Roman Times – by Ilaria Rossetti; Attitudes towards Mythological Statues at the Crossroads of Cultures and Religions in Late Antiquity: Alexandria and Beyond – by Carla Sfameni; Excavating Bethsaida/Julias. Archaeological Documentation of a Town on the Sea of Galilee – by Ilona Skupinska-Lovset; Public Toilets between Greece and Rome: A Neglected Aspect of the Roman Revolution – by Andrzej Wypustek; Some Aspects of Urban Space at Ptolemais in Cyrenaica – by Jerzy Zelazowski; Conservation; Restoration of the Osiride Statues of Hatshepsut in the Lower Portico of the Temple of Hatshepsut in Deir el-Bahari – by Teresa Dziedzic and Mariusz Caban; Description of Selected Building Conservation Works Carried Out in the Area of the Ancient Town of Antiphrae Situated at Present in Marina el-Alamein in Egypt – by Wieslaw Grzegorek; Conservation and Restoration of Polychrome at the Polish-Egyptian Conservation Mission in Marina el-Alamein – by Marlena Koczorowska; The Conservation and Restoration of Works of Architecture and Sculpture by the Polish-Egyptian Conservation Mission in Marina el-Alamein – by Wojciech Osiak

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Book SynopsisThis anthology is a collection of works from the Europa Postmediaevalis conference held in Prague in the spring of 2018. As the name of the conference suggests, the subject of interest is the Early Modern period (15th to 18th century) and the manner in which this relatively young discipline within the field of archaeology is approached in Europe. The first year of the conference set the goal of searching for topics in post-medieval archaeology that reflect their current situation while simultaneously addressing a broader group of scholars. Therefore, it is hardly surprising that the central theme pursued by generations across Europe proved to be Early Modern ceramics, the large assemblages of which are, for many of us, the bread and butter of our daily lives – a delight and often a headache resulting from their further processing. Since this issue is the one perceived most acutely in the Czech Republic, the organisers decided to share their current quandaries in this field with both domestic and foreign colleagues. The long-term objective of the conference is to create a professional platform with a uniform communication language (English) and a biennial periodicity allowing scholars to meet regularly to exchange experience gained in their study and work in post-medieval archaeology. The articles published in this anthology reflect the current state of research of Early Modern pottery in individual European countries (the Czech Republic, Croatia, Italy, Hungary, Germany, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Switzerland), including both successes and possible shortcomings. The individual studies should serve as impulses for further study, ideas for thought and discussion and, last but not least, as study material for those who come into contact with Early Modern material culture as part of their work.Table of ContentsPreface; 1 POTTERY THROUGHOUT EUROPE; Tânia Manuel Casimiro, José Pedro Henriques, Vanessa Filipe, Dário Neves – Pottery Use and Social Inequality in Mid-18th Century Lisbon. An Initial Approach; Marcella Giorgio – The Production and Export of Pisan Pottery in the 16th and 17th Centuries; Eva Roth Heege – A Potter’s Workshop from the Renaissance Period at Zug. Swiss Faience Production in the Second Half of the 16th Century; Ladislav Čapek, Michal Preusz – Changes in Pottery Production, Distribution and Consumption in the Post-medieval Period in the Southern Bohemia; Michał Starski – Post-medieval Pottery from Small Townships of Gdańsk Pomerania. A Preliminary Evaluation; Volker Demuth – Post-medieval Pottery in Norway – an International Affair; Mariana Almeida, Jaylson Monteiro – The Pottery Assemblage from the Trindade Archaeological Site, Santiago Island, Cabo Verde; 2 POTTERY PRODUTION AND DECORATION; Andreas Heege – Springfederdekor – Chattering – Décor guilloché – Hemrad dekor; Gabriela Blažková – Painted Pottery in Bohemia. Slipware of the 16th and the 17th Centuries; Kristýna Matějková – Bohemian Slipware from the Second Half of the 17th Century until the End of the 18th Century – a Lost Tradition?; Magdalena Bis – The White Pottery in Early Modern Poland: Local Production or Regional Fashion?; Maciej Trzeciecki – “Medieval” Greyware in Post-medieval Northeast Poland. Backwardness or Genius Loci?; Tünde Komori – The Topographical Distribution of Chinese Porcelain Sherds in Ottoman Buda and Eger Castle and its Implications; Ricardo Costeira da Silva – Lead-Glazed Ware from Coimbra: 1550–1600; 3 ABOUT STOVE TILES AROUND EUROPE; Olga Krukowska – Heraldic Stove Tiles from Gdansk; Martina Wegner – Saxon Stove Tiles Among the Priorities of 3D Scanning and Bohemian Portraits; Michaela Balášová, Markéta Soukupová – Replication of the Renaissance Motifs: from Aristocratic Terracotta to Burgher House Stove Tiles; Ivana Škiljan – Early Modern Period Stove Tiles from Slavonia; Ksenia S. Chugunova, Irina A. Grigorieva, Roxana V. Rebrova – A Multi-Analytical Comparative Examination of 18th-Century Dutch Tiles and Russian Imitations. Preliminary Results; Roxana V. Rebrova – Typology of 18th-Century Stove Tiles from the Historical Centre of St. Petersburg; 4 VARIA; Tânia Manuel Casimiro, António Valongo – Size Does Matter. Early Modern Measuring Cups from Lisbon; Mário Varela Gomes, Rosa Varela Gomes, Tânia Manuel Casimiro – Ceramic Toys and Miniatures from the 16th–18th Century Found in Lisbon; Ralf Kluttig-Altmann – Lids Made of Brick Clay from Wittenberg and Central Europe – a Mysterious Type of Archaeological Artefact from the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Period; Patrick Schlarb – The Bohemian Bitter Water Trade, 1721–1763; Václav Matoušek – Field Fortifications from the Thirty Years’ War in the Czech Lands in the Field and in Period Engravings

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Book SynopsisMaritime-Related Cults in the Coastal Cities of Philistia during the Roman Period questions the origins and the traditions of the cultic rites practised during Roman times along the southern shores of the Land of Israel. This area was known since biblical times as ‘Peleshet’ (Philistia), after the name of one of the Sea Peoples that had settled there at the beginning of the Iron Age. Philistia’s important cities Jaffa, Ashkelon, Gaza and Rafiah were culturally and religiously integrated into the Graeco-Roman world. At the same time, each city developed its own original and unique group of myths and cults that had their roots in earlier periods. Their emergence and formation were influenced by environmental conditions as well as by ethno-social structures and political circumstances. Philistia’s port cities served as crossroads for the routes connecting the main centres of culture and commerce in ancient times. Most of their cults were closely associated with the sea, and reflect the existential dependency of the inhabitants on the sea that supplied them with sustenance and livelihood and was regarded as a divine beneficent power. The myths also echo the lives of the sailors, their beliefs and fears derived from encountering the dangers of the sea: storms, floods, reefs and giant fish portrayed as monsters. The population of the cities was of mixed and varied ethnic and cultural origins. This was the result of the waves of conquests and migrations over the ages, yet each city was noted for its unique ethnic components. The book also deals with the political circumstances, which had a decisive impact on the formation of religious life and cultic rites in all four cities. It sheds new light to the understanding of the events and historical processes in the region.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Jaffa Chapter 3: Ashkelon Chapter 4: Gaza Chapter 5: Rafiah Chapter 6: Summary Bibliography

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Book SynopsisTransport amphorae are one of the best archaeological indicators for evaluating the economy and trade of societies in the ancient world. Scambi e commerci in area vesuviana: i dati delle anfore dai saggi stratigrafici I.E. (Impianto Elettrico) 1980-81 nel Foro di Pompei, produced by researchers from the University of Cadiz and the Ca' Foscari University of Venice, includes the study of nearly five hundred of these commercial containers, recovered during the pioneering stratigraphic excavations carried out in 1980-1981 at the Forum of Pompeii, called conventionally "Impianto Elettrico". The work represents the first Pompeian monograph dedicated exclusively to the analysis of the amphoric evidence brought to light by archaeological excavation activities in the city buried by the eruption of Vesuvius and analyses in diachronic perspective the main productions in circulation between the VI / V BC and the year 79 AD. The chapters of the volume offer the reader data relating to archaic amphorae, Greek amphorae and Italic wine amphorae from the Republican era, which draw a commercial panorama of great vitality. The African amphorae, following Punic traditions, are then reviewed; then follow the Punic-Gaditan garum amphorae, identified for the first time in the Vesuvian area in this study; le Dressel 21-22, containers for the Italic fish-salting trade and, finally, the productions of the late Republican and Julio-Claudian period. The volume is completed by a series of complementary archaeometric studies carried out on some of the amphorae (paleocontent organic residue analysis and petrographic characterization of the fabrics). All this material, analyzed with an integrated and interdisciplinary approach, allows us to draw multiple conclusions, fundamental to understanding the rich and articulated daily history of Pompeii, its merchants and its inhabitants (the consumers to whom the amphorae were intended) but also useful to better define the Economic History of some of the circum-Mediterranean regions (from Gades to the Aegean) with which Pompeii had strong trade ties in Antiquity, as evidenced by the amphorae presented here.Table of ContentsPrefazione (Darío Bernal, Daniela Cottica) Introduction. Pompeii revisited. The ‘excavation’ of an excavation: Pompeii I.E. 1980-81 (Paul Arthur) Dal frammento al suo significato: genesi, limiti e potenzialità (Daniela Cottica) Alle origini Anfore arcaiche in Campania e a Pompei (Francesca Marucci) L’espansione dei traffici fra III secolo ed eta’ tardo-repubblicana Greek amphora stamps and amphora fragments (Gerald Finkielsztejn) Non solo Vesuvinum ma anche Falernum e Setinum: le anfore italiche dei contesti I.E. (Luana Toniolo) Las importaciones anfóricas de tradición púnica procedentes del Mediterráneo Central (Antonio M. Sáez Romero, José Ángel Zamora López) Garum y salsamenta de la Hispania Ulterior. Primeras identificaciones de ánforas de producción púnico-gaditana en Pompeya (Darío Bernal, Antonio M. Sáez) Da Augusto all’eruzione del 79 Pescado itálico en el Impianto Elettrico. Reflexiones sobre la filiación de las ánforas Dressel 21-22 (Darío Bernal, Daniela Cottica) Apuntes sobre la evolución de las relaciones interprovinciales a través de las ánforas (Macarena Bustamante, Darío Bernal) Archeometria, sigillatura e riuso delle anfore Le analisi dei residui organici e la determinazione del contenuto di alcune anfore del Progetto Impianto Elettrico (Alessandra Pecci, Gianluca Giorgi) Studio archeometrico di alcuni gruppi di anfore del Foro di Pompei (Anna Maria De Francesco, Roberta Scarpelli, Annamaria Ciarallo, Luigi Buffone) Sistemas de hermetización de las ánforas del proyecto I.E. (Antonio M. Sáez, Darío Bernal) Da contenitori a manufatti polifunzionali: modalità e tecniche di reimpiego delle anfore nei contesti I.E. (Luana Toniolo) Riflessioni generali Alcune riflessioni sui flussi di scambio a Pompei attraverso lo studio delle anfore dagli scavi I.E. del foro (Darío Bernal, Daniela Cottica) Proyectos in itinere y perspectivas futuras de investigación sobre las ánforas de Pompeya (Albert Ribera i Lacomba) Appendici Catalogo anfore Pompei-Impianto Elettrico 1980-81 (Luana Toniolo, Antonio M. Sáez, Elisa Tomasella, Macarena Bustamante) Distribuzione dei reperti nei contesti di scavo (Luana Toniolo) Apparato grafico Tavole Tavole con le macrofotografie degli impasti ceramici

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Book SynopsisEl instrumental de pesca en el Fretum Gaditanum : Catalogación, análisis tipo-cronológico y comparativa region analyses fishing tackle in the region known as Fretum Gaditanum (Straits of Gibraltar), where over a thousand pieces of fishing tackle have been identified. The book offers a typo-chronological classification of the material, which follows a diachronic discourse spanning from the Phoenician-Punic period to Late Antiquity. Special emphasis is given to the morphological-typological changes undergone by these artefacts and technological changes over time. In this way, a comprehensive picture of the fishing arts practised in the environment of Gades during Antiquity is drawn. The corpus is compared to assemblages found in other Atlantic and Mediterranean regions.Table of ContentsINTRODUCCIÓN – José M. Vargas Girón ; CAPÍTULO I: El instrumental de pesca en la Antigüedad. Génesis, desarrollo y desafíos de una temática in progress – Darío Bernal ; CAPÍTULO II: Del hallazgo a los corpora: avances en la catalogación del instrumental pesquero de época antigua – José M. Vargas Girón ; CAPÍTULO III: Los anzuelos de la Antigüedad: modelo de análisis para su investigación e inferencias tecnológicas – José M. Vargas Girón ; CAPÍTULO IV: Plomos, piedras y lastres cerámicos: avances en la caracterización tipológica de los contrapesos de pesca – José M. Vargas Girón ; CAPÍTULO V: Otras evidencias de instrumental y material pesquero complementario – José M. Vargas Girón ; CAPÍTULO VI: La tecnología pesquera en su contexto: aproximación socio-histórica y etnográfica a las pesquerías desde la Edad Media a finales del siglo XIX en el ámbito atlántico-mediterráneo ibérico – David Florido ; CAPÍTULO VII: Uso del instrumental pesquero a través del tiempo y del espacio: algunos casos de análisis ; Pesca e instrumental pesquero en el mundo fenicio púnico - Antonio M. Sáez Romero ; Artes de cerco y arrastre en la Antigüedad. Una perspectiva multidisclipinar - Enrique García Vargas ; Beyond the Mediterranean: fish and fishing in the Black Sea - Tønnes Bekker-Nielsen ; From the southern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Fishing equipment from Mauretania Tingitana - Athena Trakadas ; ANEXOS ONLINE ; Corpora de instrumental pesquero ; Corpus I: Anzuelos ; Corpus II: Pesas ; Corpus III: Otras evidencias de instrumental y material pesquero complementario

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Book SynopsisAu large des côtes atlantiques vendéennes (France), l’île d’Yeu est un territoire occupé depuis la Préhistoire. Les sites à vocations domestiques, artisanales, funéraires ou encore symboliques datés du Néolithique sont nombreux. Leur état de conservation est exceptionnel car les architectures bâties en pierre sont préservées en élévation pour beaucoup d’entre eux. C’est le cas, par exemple, sur les habitats du IVème millénaire avant J.-C., qui ont fait l’objet de plusieurs programmes de recherche depuis 2010. Cet ouvrage regroupe la documentation, les informations inédites et les principaux résultats des études, prospections, fouilles et relevés réalisés sur les habitats, les monuments funéraires, les carrières et les sites symboliques. Les premiers travaux tentent de proposer un état des lieux de l’environnement minéral ainsi que les principales formes d’exploitation, les stratégies d’approvisionnement et les usages des roches. Le coeur de l’ouvrage est consacré à la fouille des deux principaux habitats datés du Néolithique récent, la pointe de la Tranche et Ker Daniaud. L’accent est mis sur les architectures de pierre de ces éperons barrés directement ouverts sur l’Océan mais dont I’occupation semble non permanente. Enfin, les relevés (plan, photogrammétrie, microtopographie) et la modélisation numérique des sépultures mégalithiques des Tabernaudes, de la Planche à Puare et des Petits Fradets autorisent une restitution tridimensionnelle des architectures funéraires néolithiques. Pour les rochers marqués de cupules, dont la concentration actuelle est une des plus importantes, une première analyse du corpus des signes est proposée; en dépit de leur datation encore mal assurée. Cette contribution est l’occasion d’offrir les résultats de l’observation du réel et de l’imaginaire, perçus par I’analyse des témoignages et expressions, physiques et symboliques, des populations de la fin de la Préhistoire installées - et non piégées - sur un territoire restreint battu par les vents et cerné par les flots.Table of ContentsChapitre 1 : L’île d'Yeu ; 1. Contexte naturel (Geoffrey Leblé) ; 2. Contexte archéologique (Marie-Paule Jung) ; Chapitre 2 : L’environnement minéral et son exploitation (Jean-Noël Guyodo, avec la collaboration d’Emmanuel Mens et d’Alexandre Polinski) ; 1. Matériaux ; 2. Stratégies d’approvisionnement constatées ; Chapitre 3 : Architectures domestiques : les éperons barrés (Audrey Blanchard) ; 1. La pointe de la Tranche ; 2. Ker Daniaud ; 3. Synthèse ; 4. Conclusion ; Chapitre 4 : Signes gravés et architectures funéraires monumentales ; 1. Les pierres à cupules de l’île d’Yeu (Serge Cassen, Valentin Grimaud, Clémence Gabilleau, Annabelle Chauviteau) ; 2. Trois tombes monumentales néolithiques à l’île d’Yeu (Serge Cassen, Valentin Grimaud, Annabelle Chauviteau, Thomas Vigneau) ; Conclusion (Audrey Blanchard) ; Remerciements ; Liste des pierres à cupules, île d’Yeu (Vendée) ; Bibliographie

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Book SynopsisThe Romano-British Villa and Anglo-Saxon Cemetery at Eccles, Kent presents a study of the central and lower Medway valley during the 1st millennium AD. It takes as its focus the Eccles Roman villa and Anglo-Saxon cemetery, excavated between 1962–1976 and directed by Alec Detsicas. An account of this important villa throughout its long history is outlined, and a re-assessment of the architectural evidence which Detsicas presented, with fresh interpretations, is provided. In the middle of the 7th century, a large Anglo-Saxon cemetery was established south of the villa. It started as a typical ‘Final Phase’ cemetery but continued into the late Saxon period. The evidence from the cemetery is presented as a site report, with a burial catalogue, a discussion of the grave goods and a study of the wider aspects of mortuary practice. The monograph also includes a chapter on some fragmentary Iron Age evidence and a discussion of an Anglo-Saxon timber building and its relationship to the cemetery. The evidence from the villa and Anglo-Saxon cemetery is discussed within the context of the Medway valley, which highlights the important contribution that Eccles makes to archaeological knowledge. The significance of the area is further investigated by studies devoted to the pre-English place-names of the valley and the documentary evidence of the area during the Anglo-Saxon period. The volume concludes with a general discussion, which draws together all the strands of evidence and evaluates the significance of the Medway valley during the 1st millennium AD.Trade Review‘This is not a book for the general reader, but it has much to offer any classicist or archaeologist with an interest in Roman Britain. Kent was a particularly significant part of the province. It was the main port of entry from the continent, the site of the famous triumphal arch signifying the conquest of Britannia, the first section of Watling Street and the main base (on this side of the channel) of the Classis Britannica, Rome’s British fleet. Hence the particular significance of the villa at Eccles. The book also has much to offer medieval historians. It is packed with hard data about the Anglo-Saxon finds, and sets these in their historical context.’ – Rupert Jackson (2022): Classics for All'This knowledge of the archaeology of Eccles, set within such a multi-disciplinary approach, provides far more than a normal archaeological report.' – Della Hooke (2022): Medieval Archaeology, 66/2Table of ContentsChapter 1 Introduction – Nick Stoodley ; Chapter 2 The Late Iron Age – Nick Stoodley ; Chapter 3 The Roman Period – Stephen R. Cosh ; Chapter 4 The Anglo-Saxon Cemetery – Nick Stoodley ; Chapter 5 The Anglo-Saxon Building and Associated Non-Cemetery Features – Nick Stoodley ; Chapter 6 Place-names in the area around Eccles and their contribution to understanding the history of the area – Jillian Hawkins ; Chapter 7 Documentay Evidence for the Medway Valley – Courtnay Konshuh ; Chapter 8: General Discussion and Conclusion – Nick Stoodley with contributions by Steve Cosh, Jillian Hawkins and Courtnay Konshuh ; Appendix 1. Trauma case studies (Griffiths 2007) ; Appendix 2. Estates in Larkfield Hundred in Domesday Book ; Bibliography

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Book SynopsisThe Greeks and Romans in the Black Sea presents the Proceedings of the Sixth International Congress on Black Sea Antiquities, dedicated to the 90th birthday of Prof. Sir John Boardman, President of the Congress since its inception. It was held in Constanţa in September 2017 with the same theme as the first of these congresses, which took place just down the coast in Varna 20 years earlier (‘the Greeks and Romans in the Black Sea and the importance of the Pontic region for the Graeco-Roman world between the 7th century BC and 5th century AD’), celebrating the work of successive congresses in bringing together scholars and scholarship from Eastern and Western Europe and the extensive progress of ‘Black Sea Studies’ in the intervening years. Overall, 85 papers were received for publication from authors in Western and Eastern Europe—there is also a full set of the abstracts submitted to the Congress in Appendix 2. As with previous congresses, the work is divided into sections, the largest of which, the fourth, is, following a pattern established with the first congress, devoted to New Excavations and Projects. The opening lectures and various papers in the first sections reflect (on) the ‘20 years on’ in the title. The vast majority of contributions are in English, a handful each in French and German.Table of ContentsPrincipal Editor’s Preface and Acknowledgments – Gocha R. Tsetskhladze ; Message from the President of the International Organising Committee – John Boardman ; Welcome by the Secretary-General – Gocha R. Tsetskhladze ; Opening Lectures ; Pontic studies twenty years on: terra incognita – Gocha R. Tsetskhladze ; Studies in Pontic epigraphy 1997-2017. Reviews and prospects – Alexandru Avram ; Section 1: Foundation of Greek Colonies and the Character of Greek Colonisation; their Relationship with Pontic and Near Eastern Local Populations ; The ‘Western Cimmerians’ and the first Greek settlers in the Troad – Jan G. de Boer ; Colonisation and foundation myth in the Pontic regions – Ivy Faulkner-Gentry ; Founding the Black Sea settlements. Between literary and archaeological narrative – John Brendan Knight ; Colonisation of Miletus in the Propontis and Pontus – the view from Sardis – Alexandar Portalsky ; L’onomastique des magistrats monétaires d’Apollonia du Pont – Dan Dana, Madalina Dana ; Understanding Greek-native interaction in early Greek Black Sea colonisation. An example from Istros/Histria – Lieve Donnellan ; Orgame necropolis: a contextual study of the earliest pottery imports – Pierre Dupont and Vasilica Lungu ; Myrmekion during and after Greek colonisation – Alexander Butyagin ; Comparative research between the Macedonian tombs and the Scythian kurgans – Peli Plika ; Giresun and its vicinity in the Greek colonisation period – Salih Kaymakçi ; Between crisis and conflicts: the territory of Apollonia Pontica in the Late Classical and Early Hellenistic periods – Alexandre Baralis, Martin Gyuzelev and Krastina Panayotova ; The farming of the Azov coast of East Crimea: a unique type of ‘agricultural fortress’ – Aleksei Kasparov ; Women warriors(?) and the Amazon myth: the evidence of female burials with weapons in the Black Sea area – Despoina Vovoura ; Section 2: Pontus and Athens; Pontic Art; Religion; Navigation and Trade; Pontic Kingdoms ; Thasos et la mer Noire aux époques classique et hellénistique: ‘grandeur et décadence’ d’un circuit économique – Thibaut Castelli ; From the tower of Kronos to the island of Achilles: placing Leuce in the Greek conception of heroic apotheosis – Marios Kamenou ; Cultes marins, cultes ioniens en mer Noire – Alexandra Lițu, Valentin Bottez and Alexandra Țârlea ; Imports and imitations? Some observations on Archaic kouroi discovered in the Black Sea region – Veronika Sossau ; Zur Frühgeschichte der Tempelzone von Histria: Vorläufiger Bericht über zwei ältere Fundkomplexe – Konrad Zimmermann ; The Paphlagonians and the Greeks’ perception of them – Manolis Manoledakis ; Aspects of the economy of the Greek colonies on the west coast of the Black Sea: end of the Archaic-Hellenistic period – Nicolaie Alexandru ; Trade routes and the historical geography of the south-western coast of the Black Sea and the mouth of the Bosporus – Mustafa H. Sayar ; Pistiros: urban planning and functional analysis – Jan Bouzek(†) and Barbora Weissová ; Some observations on the dynamics of trade in transport amphorae on the Berezan settlement – Dmitry Chistov ; Attic black-glazed import in the European Bosporus in the 6th-2nd centuries BC – Tatiana Egorova ; The capital of the Scythian kingdom in the Dobrudja – Metodi Manov ; Alexander of Macedon, Pharasmanes of Chorezm and Zopyrion: the impossible alliance – Dan-Tudor Ionescu ; The partition of Thrace after the death of Alexander the Great: Lysimachus, heir of the Odrysian kingdom? – Aliénor Rufin Solas ; Anthropomorphic rod-formed pendants and beads from the West Pontic coast (and Thrace) – Mila Chacheva ; Euergetism and benefaction in ancient Olbia – Oksana Ruchynska ; Bithynia: the Phrygian interface – Maya Vassileva ; Section 3: Later Republic and Early Empire in Pontus and the Relationship with the Local Population; Art; Religion; Navigation and Trade ; Quelques remarques sur la population de Topolog et de Mihai Bravu (nord de la Mésie Inférieure) – Lucreţiu Mihailescu-Bîrliba ; Roman and Late Roman Pontic cargoes in the Aegean: the evidence from shipwrecks – George Koutsouflakis and Peter B. Campbell ; The circulation of counterfeit coins in Roman Dobrudja (1st-3rd centuries AD) – Gabriel Custurea and Dan Vasilescu ; Anatolian stonemasons and the West Pontic region: imported models and techniques in the architectural decorations of the early Principate – Zdravko Dimitrov ; Rewriting Pontic ethne: problems and prospects – Denver Graninger ; Protecting the grave in a Graeco-Roman city: a look at the West Pontic coast – Dragoș Hălmagi ; Balbus, A Roman surveyor in Dacia – Alexandru Morintz ; Between civil and religious law in funerary practice within Roman settlements on the western shore of the Black Sea – Ioana Mureșan and Lucian-Mircea Mureșan ; Anastasius’ coins in the eastern Carpathian regions (AD 491-518) – Sergiu Musteață ; On some unknown Pontic amphora types from Roman and Early Byzantine times – Andrei Opaiţ ; Die Römer in dem ‘linken’ Pontus: der Fall des Ovidius – Alexander Podossinov ; Buildings for gladiatorial fights in the Roman Black Sea provinces – Marius C. Streinu ; Local cultures narrated in art: Dacian architecture as reflected on Trajan’s Column – Georgia Aristodemou ; The concept of strategic culture and its applicability in the fields of ancient history – Lorenzo Boragno ; Amasya in the Early Byzantine period – Emine Naza Dönmez ; Moving supplies to the Roman garrison in Dobrogea – Stephen Matthews ; The fortification system of the kingdom of Lazika (Egrisi) in the 4th-6th centuries AD – Nikoloz Murgulia ; Late Hellenistic and Early Roman pottery at Rachelu. The current state of research on an open settlement close to Noviodunum – Alina Streinu and Vasilica Lungu ; Some notes on the ‘founder’ cult in western Pontic cities in the Roman period – Ivo Topalilov ; Section 4: New Excavations and Projects ; A Punic necklace from Oluz Höyük: a general evaluation for Anatolia – Şevket Dönmez ; The place of amphorae from Oluz Höyük in northern Anatolian and Black Sea archaeology – Fidane Abazoğlu ; Amisos terracotta statuettes in Istanbul Archaeological Museums – Sümer Atasoy ; The coins found at the excavations of Amasya/Oluz Höyük, 2009-2013 – Bülent Öztürk ; Terracotta production of the Black Sea coast of Turkey: the example of Sinope – Zeynep Koçel Erdem ; The castle of Gölköy (Habsamana)/Ordu – Davut Yiğitpaşa ; Bemerkungen zu einer Gruppe von Grabstelen aus dem Museum von Sinop – Akın Temür ; New data about the western part of Tanais – the fortifications and their vicinity – Marcin Matera ; Strabo’s ‘Old Chersonesus’ in historiography and in the light of current research – Angelina Zedgenidze ; From Archaeopolis to Onoguris: excavations in the heart of Lazika – Paul Everill, David Lomitashvili, Nikoloz Murgulia, Besik Lordkipanidze and Ian Colvin ; A city reconfigured: old and new research concerning Late Roman urbanism in Istros – Irina Achim, Valentin Bottez, Mircea Angelescu, Laurențiu Cliante, Alexandra Țârlea and Alexandra Lițu ; New masters – new rules. The beginning of the Roman Imperial cult in Istros – Valentin Bottez and Gabriel Talmațchi ; Cold case reopened: a Late Classical tomb in Apollonia Pontica – Margarit Damyanov, Maria Reho and Krastina Panayotova ; Considerations regarding the Domus-type Roman urban house from Scythia Minor (4th-6th centuries AD) – Gabriel Talmațchi ; Concerning Athenian black-figure vases from Panticapaeum – Andrey Agafonov and Olga Samar ; Specific features of ceramic materials from the earliest level of Panticapaeum – Natalia Astashova ; Coastal Geoarchaeology of the Danube Delta. Results from Halmyris, Enisala and Istros – Alexandra Bivolaru, Matthieu Giaime, Christophe Morhange, Valérie Andrieu-Ponel, Veronica Rossi, Nick Marriner and Alfred Vespremeanu-Stroe ; A Hellenistic family tomb and two Early Roman graves from Apollonia Pontica – Teodora Bogdanova, Margarita Popova, Dimitar Nedev and Milena Krumova ; Recent finds of Hellenistic mould-made relief bowls from the Ordu/Fatsa Cingirt Kayasi excavations in the southern Black Sea region – Ayşe F. Erol and Deniz Tamer ; Late Roman tableware imports (from recent research in Histria/Istros) – Iulia Iliescu and Valentin Bottez ; Pichvnari Classical cemetery – Amiran Kakhidze and Emzar Kakhidze ; Ash Hill 2 of Myrmekion: analysis of structure and bulk finds – Vladimir Kolosov ; Coin finds from the recent excavations of Hermonassa – Sergei A. Kovalenko ; Archaeological evidence of Thracian-Greek cultural contacts in the south-eastern part of the Dobrudja plateau during the Hellenistic period – Vassil Markov ; Late Archaic relief plaques with warriors from Apollonia Pontica – Krastina Panayotova, Daniela Stoyanova and Margarit Damyanov ; Stone anchors and stone and lead stocks from the Archaeological Museum in Varna, Bulgaria – Preslav I. Peev ; Attic red-figure pottery from Sinope – Suhal Sağlan and Zafer Korkmaz ; Pontıc sıgıllata pottery from a vılla rustıca ın Paphlagonıa – Füsun Tülek ; Section 5: Varia ; What’s in a name? Who might be Basilissa Ulpia from Mtskheta? – Eka Avaliani ; Albanians and Sarmatians: overlapping identities in the eastern Caucasus – Lara Fabian ; Studia Straboniana. The didactic character of the Geography and the Romanophilia of its author – Lyubov Gratsianskaya ; Ancient pottery from the Balkans: architectural motifs – Sasha Lozanova and Stela Tasheva ; The inhospitable and dangerous Salmydessus – Miroslav Ivanov Vasilev ; Iconographic personifications in Armenia and Bithynia-Phrygia – Viktorya Vasilyan ; Appendix 1 – Congress Programme ; Appendix 2 – Congress Abstracts of papers ; List of contributors/lead authors and contact details

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Book SynopsisThe 12th Egypt and Austria conference (Zagreb, 17–22 September 2018) was organised by the Egypt and Austria Society and the Faculty of the Croatian Studies of the University of Zagreb. The event took place in the Croatian Institute of History (Opatička 10, Zagreb). The main theme of the conference was current research related to the interactions between Egypt and the states of the former Habsburg Monarchy and the Ottoman Empire up to the middle of the 20th century. During the conference more than 39 papers were presented, of which 26 are presented in this proceedings volume.Table of ContentsEgypt and Austria – Egypt and the Orient: Current Research ; Chapter 1: Early travellers to Egypt and the Middle East ; Letters from Vienna: Richard Pococke en route to Egypt – Rachel Finnegan ; Terryfying Unreason or a Model of Toleration? Imagining Islam in Fictional Travelogues of Václav Matěj Kramerius – Lucie Storchová ; Epidemics between Europe and Egypt in a rediscovered work of Giuseppe Nizzoli – Carlo Rindi Nuzzolo & Irene Guidotti ; Chapter 2: Travellers to Egypt and the Orient in the middle and the second half of the 19th century ; Jakov Šašel: The origins of his Travelogue – Sanda Kočevar ; Carlo de Marchesetti: An Austrian botanist in the land of the pharaohs – Susanna Moser ; Prokesch-Osten jr (1837-1919) – Angela Blaschek ; The Bombardment of Alexandria 1882 in the writings of Milan Jovanović Morski – Vera Vasiljević ; Mária Fáy, the first Hungarian woman traveller and her journey to the Orient – Eszter Feró ; Chapter 3: Formation pf Egyptian collections ; The Egyptian coffin and mummy of Stephan Delhaes and other mummies from Akhmim in Hungary – Éva Liptay ; Oriental Paintings in the former Keglević Château Topol'čianky – Marta Herucová ; Aegyptiaca and an exhibition in Presburg/Pratislava in 1865 – Jozef Hudec ; Egyptology in the Varaždin area: the contribution of the Bombelles family and the Paszhtory – Varady family – Anja Kovačić ; The Egyptian collection of the Museum of Slavonia and its donors – Marina Kovač ; Chapter 4: Egypt in art/Orientalist art ; Carl Rudolf Huber and the Temptation of the East – Ernst Czerny ; Adolf Loos’s purchase in 1914: The story of Ivan Napotnik and his Egyptian woman – Vesna Kamin Kajfež ; Chapter 5: Travellers to Egypt in the first half of the 20th century ; Fran Gundrum Oriovčanin’s voyage from Križevci to Alexandria – Ivana Funda ; Fran Srećko Gundrum Oriovčanin in Luxor (4th-7th December 1902): The search for key comparative narratives in his diary – Mladen Tomorad ; Gundrum’s description of the construction and grand opening of the Old Aswan Dam in 1902 – Margareta Filipović-Srhoj ; From Habsburg Galicia to the Ottoman Egypt. Impressions from A voyage to Egypt by Stanisław Trzeciak (1904) – Grzegorz First ; Karel Pečnik: A Slovenian physician in Egypt – Jaro Lajovic ; Ivan Meštrović’s correspondence to Ruža Meštrović from Egypt and the Middle East in 1927: The artist’s fascination with Egypt reflected in his picture postcards to Ruža Meštrović – Sabina Kaštelančić ; Chapter 6: Egyptian revival and Egyptomania ; A case of modern-day burialS in ancient Egyptian sarcophagi – Tomislav Kajfež ; Egyptianising Funerary Architecture in Budapest – Andrea Fullér ; Images of Egypt in Zagreb from the 19th and 20th centuries: buildings, monuments, street furniture – Marina Bagarić ; Ivan Meštrović – creating art for eternity: Meštrović’s fascination with ancient Egypt as illustrated in the family mausoleum in Otavice – Zorana Jurić Šabić ; Chapter 7: Other studies ; A new approach to old sound recordings from Morocco – Clemens Gütl

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Book SynopsisRamla presents a comprehensive overview of the history, archaeology and architecture of the city of Ramla from the time of its foundation as the capital of Umayyad Palestine around 715 until the end of Ottoman rule in 1917. It begins with a historical outline covering in turn the early Islamic (Robert Hoyland), Crusader (Peter Edbury), Ayyubid-Mamluk (Donald S. Richards) and Ottoman periods (Matthew Elliot). In the archaeological section, Gideon Avni’s synthesis of the results of excavations on the early Islamic city is followed by discussions of the Umayyad-period aqueduct (Amir Gorzalczany) and the historical interpretation of First World War aerial photographs (Benjamin Z. Kedar). Architectural studies include a complete corpus of the surviving Muslim buildings (Andrew Petersen), a reassessment of the remains of the White Mosque (Michael H. Burgoyne), an account of the Christian buildings (Denys Pringle), and an analysis of late Ottoman alterations to the Great Mosque (Katia Cytryn-Silverman). The final section on numismatics and epigraphy includes chapters on the coinage of Umayyad Ramla (Nikolaus Schindel), the Arabic inscriptions (Mehmet Tütüncü) and late medieval Christian pilgrims’ graffiti (Denys Pringle). The volume concludes with three appendices, including a hitherto unpublished report on the White Mosque (1919–20) by K.A.C. Creswell, a gazetteer of settlements in the Crusader lordships of Ramla, Lydda and Mirabel, and the endowment deed for a house dated 1713 (Maher Abu-Munshar).Trade Review‘Avni offers a dense synthesis of the rich archaeological evidence traced through numerous excavations — these varying in scope and extension — conducted in Ramla over the last 30 years. The picture emerges of an outstanding Islamic city of the 8th–11th centuries, provided with well planned orthogonal streets, with central mosque, and comprising large-scale public infrastructures; residential neighbourhoods with courtyard houses lavishly decorated with mosaics; industrial quarters, especially centred on dyeing; and gardens and complex systems of water supply and storage.’ – Matteo Gioele Randazzo (2022): Medieval Archaeology, 66/1, 2022Table of ContentsList of Figures ; Notes on Contributors ; Preface ; Chapter 1: Early Islamic Ramla (715-1099) – Robert Hoyland ; Chapter 2: The Crusader Town and Lordship of Ramla (1099–1268) – Peter Edbury ; Chapter 3: Ramla in the Ayyubid and Mamluk Periods (1187–1516) – D. S. Richards ; Chapter 4: Ramla in the Ottoman Period (1516–1917) – Matthew Elliot ; Chapter 5: Excavations in Ramla, 1990–2018: Reconstructing the Early Islamic City – Gideon Avni ; Chapter 6: The Gezer Aqueduct to Umayyad Ramla – Amir Gorzalczany ; Chapter 7: World War I Aerial Photographs of Ramla – Benjamin Z. Kedar ; Chapter 8: Muslim Buildings – Andrew Petersen ; Chapter 9: The White Mosque – Michael H. Burgoyne ; Chapter 10: The Christian Buildings of Ramla – Denys Pringle ; Chapter 11: The West Door of the Great (al-ʿUmarī) Mosque of Ramla and its Late Ottoman Transformation – Katia Cytryn-Silverman ; Chapter 12: The Coinage of Umayyad Ramla – Nikolaus Schindel ; Chapter 13: Arabic Inscriptions in Ramla – Mehmet Tütüncü ; Chapter 14: Pilgrims’ Graffiti in the Franciscan Hospice in Ramla – Denys Pringle ; Appendix 1: K.A.C. Creswell’s Report on the White Mosque in Ramla ; (c.1919–20) ; Appendix 2: Sites in the Crusader Lordships of Ramla, Lydda and Mirabel – Denys Pringle ; Appendix 3: The Endowment Deed (waqfiyya) of Qaṣr Waqf Abūʾl-Huda, Ramla, July 1713 – Maher Abu Munshar ; Bibliography

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Book SynopsisThorvald’s Cross. The Viking Age Cross-Slab ‘Kirk Andreas MM 128’ and its Iconography provides an in-depth analysis of one of the Isle of Man’s most important and intriguing monuments. The Manx Crosses are a unique collection of Scandinavian-style grave stones unequalled in the medieval Viking World. Their carvings and inscriptions offer a window into Viking Age society and spirituality at a time when the Celtic Manx and Scandinavian settlers in the Island came to terms with each other. Among these stones, the iconic ‘Thorvald’s Cross’ (MM 128) in St Andrew’s church in the village of Andreas demands particular attention, as it features figural scenes with humans and animals deriving from both pagan Norse mythology and Christian religious imagery. According to the prevailing view, the triumph of Christianity over paganism is shown in the two preserved reliefs, but differing opinions have been put forward. This book brings together all available information about Thorvald’s Cross and discusses and analyses former and current hypotheses regarding the stone’s iconography, weighing their respective merits and shortcomings. Based on in-depth research and an ‘autopsy’ of the stone on-site, it considers the images in their spiritual, cultural, and chronological context and presents a new interpretation of this remarkable monument, arguing that the depiction of religious confrontation was not its original purpose, but that both scenes convey a common, much more subtle and comforting Christian message.Trade Review‘Although the book is rather thin, the wealth of its content would be enough for an encyclopaedia. Moreover, its interestingly worded and lucid language proves that scholarly works do not need to be boring; such a well-written book will certainly interest not only scholars but laypeople who follow the archaeology of the Isle of Man, or those interested in the iconography of Early Christian sculpture.’ – Joanna Pyrgies (2022): The Journal of Irish Archaeology Volume XXXI'Ultimately, the book is a useful summary of current and past ideas, and it argues an interesting and largely plausible case for one particular theory.' – Thomas Williams (2023): Medieval Archaeology vol 67.1 Table of ContentsIntroduction ; Background ; The Manx Crosses ; ‘Thorvald’s Cross’: the fragment Kirk Andreas MM 128 ; The stone’s date ; Description ; The figural elements of Face 1 ; The figural elements of Face 2 ; The iconography of the two faces of Thorvald’s Cross ; Interpretation of Face 2 ; Interpretation of Face 1 ; The juxtaposition and the message ; Combination 1: Óðinn’s fall and Christ’s triumph ; Combination 2: Víðarr’s victory and Christ’s triumph ; Combination 3: Óðinn’s fall and Víðarr’s victory and Christ’s triumph ; Summary and conclusion ; Acknowledgements ; Bibliography ; Places to visit

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Book SynopsisFunerary Practices in the Second Half of the Second Millennium BC in Continental Atlantic Europe presents a selection of essays dedicated to funerary practices from Belgium to the north of Portugal. It aims at filling gaps in the documentation and helping to better understand the relationships between these Atlantic regions during the Bronze Age. Our knowledge of the Atlantic Bronze Age has increased considerably over the last thirty years, but the current state of research varies from one region to another of Western Atlantic Europe, with a marked dichotomy between north and south. The volume not only highlights the cultural characteristics of those Atlantic regions that are poorly represented in European syntheses on the Bronze Age, but also establishes the long-term relationships, if any, that were maintained between the regions of the Southern Atlantic area and those of the Northern Atlantic area.Table of ContentsIntroduction – Laure Nonat et M. Pilar Prieto Martínez ; BELGIUM / BELGIQUE / BÉLGICA ; Funerary Practices at the Northern Fringe of the Atlantic Area – Guy de Mulder ; NORMANDY / NORMANDIE / NORMANDÍA ; Les contextes funéraires du XVIIe au IXe siècle en Normandie – Cyril Marcigny ; BRITTANY / BRETAGNE / BRETAÑA ; Les pratiques funéraires du Bronze moyen et du Bronze final en Bretagne : un premier bilan – Stéphane Blanchet avec la collaboration de Patrick Pihuit ; CENTRE-WEST / CENTRE-OUEST/ CENTRO-OESTE ; Que peut-on actuellement dire des pratiques funéraires du Centre-Ouest de la France au Bronze moyen ? – Sylvie Boulud-Gazo, José Gomez de Soto, Muriel Mélin and Marilou Nordez ; Les inhumations du Bronze ancien de Luxé en Charente (France) – Patricia Semelier, Valérie Audé, Caroline Mougne, Catherine Dupont and Guirec Quérré ; AQUITANY / AQUITAINE / AQUITANIA ; Les vases décorés à la cordelette dans les contextes funéraires du bassin de l’Adour à l’âge du Bronze – Laure Nonat ; CANTABRIC COAST / CÔTE CANTABRIQUE / COSTA CANTÁBRICA ; Bronze Age Burials and Funerary Practices in Cantabrian Spain – Ángel Armendariz Gutiérrez ; GALICIA AND THE NORTH OF PORTUGAL / GALICE ET NORD DU PORTUGAL / GALICIA Y NORTE DE PORTUGAL ; Les contextes funéraires et le dynamisme culturel du nord-ouest de la péninsule Ibérique entre le XVIIIE siècle et le VIIIE siècle avant J.-C. – Laure Nonat, M. Pilar Prieto Martínez and Pablo Vázquez Liz (†) ; The cist of a Praia da Rola (Mugueimes, Ourense, NW Iberia) – M. Pilar Prieto Martínez, Olalla López-Costas, Pablo Vàzquez Liz (†) and Oscar Lantes Suárez ; The Burial of a Devesa Do Rei (Vedra, A Coruña, NW Iberian Peninsula) – M. Pilar Prieto Martínez, Oscar Lantes Suárez and Beatriz Guimarey ; Ritual Sites from the Second Millennium BC in the North West of Spain – M. Pilar Prieto Martínez and Luis Cordeiro ; Synthèse et Réflexion… – Laure Nonat et M. Pilar Prieto Martínez

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Book SynopsisThe Prehistoric Artefacts of Northern Ireland is the last in a trilogy of monographs, designed to provide a baseline survey of the prehistoric sites of Northern Ireland. The first monograph investigated prehistoric burial sites (Archaeopress 2014) and the second explored the sites of prehistoric life (Archaeopress 2018). Following the same format as its predecessors, this monograph considers the prehistoric artefacts that have been found in Northern Ireland. It begins with an overview of the current political landscape of Ireland, as the creation of two states in 1921 and the establishment of administrative systems unique to each jurisdiction have had profound consequences for Irish archaeology. It continues by providing background information on the history of prehistoric archaeology, an explanation of the classifications and methodology employed and a detailed inventory of sites in Northern Ireland where prehistoric artefacts have been found. Also included is a discussion about these artefacts in a wider context, illustrated with tables and distribution maps, a glossary, tables of radiocarbon dates and an extensive bibliography. The aim once again is to not only provide a basis for further research, but also to stimulate local interest in the prehistory of Northern Ireland and encourage others from further afield to appreciate the quality and diversity of its prehistoric landscape.Trade Review‘This is a wonderful resource, which should be in the library of every serious student of Irish prehistory, and it will be of particular utility to those archaeologists involved in planning, excavation licensing, commercial archaeology, and research.’ – C McSparron (2022): Current Archaeology, Issue 390‘The authors have successfully established the baseline which will benefit all future research into Northern Ireland’s artefacts. The production of these volumes has been a remarkably feat of organisation and dedication.’ – Barrie Hartwell (2022): Ulster Journal of Archaeology 77‘This volume is an inventory of all known locations of prehistoric artefacts in Northern Ireland, arranged by county. Each entry contains a description of the artefact, its location, and any references; many entries are accompanied by an illustration. The discussion includes distribution maps of objects by period, providing an overview of prehistoric activity across Northern Ireland. This is the culmination of many years of dedicated work. It will be an essential reference work for anyone looking at the prehistory of Ireland.’ – Duncan Berryman (2022): Ulster Archaeological Society newsletter Spring 2022Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION ; Background and Acknowledgements ; Northern Ireland in a Historical Context ; A Short History of Prehistoric Archaeology in Northern Ireland ; Methodology ; Classifications Used in Irish Archaeology ; Classifications Used in the Inventory ; Abbreviations Used in the Text ; INVENTORY ; County Antrim ; County Armagh ; County Down ; County Fermanagh ; County Londonderry ; County Tyrone ; DISCUSSION ; Summary of Artefact Sites ; Current Location of Artefacts ; Recording of Prehistoric Artefacts Over Time ; Artefacts in a Wider Context ; Conclusion ; GLOSSARY ; RADIOCARBON DATES ; BIBLIOGRAPHY

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Book SynopsisMuch has been written about Roman Dorset Black-Burnished Ware (BB1) and its Late Iron Age Durotrigian origins since the industry was first recognised by Farrar, Gillam and Peacock at the end of the 1960s. However, most of this study has focused on the forms produced and distributed during the 1st to 3rd centuries. Late Roman Dorset Black-Burnished Ware (BB1) covers the late 3rd to early 5th centuries forms produced by the industry, with a corpus and phased distribution of the various products across South-Central and South-Eastern Britain, as well as the Channel Islands, France, Belgium and the Netherlands. The various phases of BB1 production indicate that the distribution zone for the industry reached its maximum extent in Britain during the late 3rd century before a decline set in during the 4th and early 5th centuries. On the Continent, however, there was a considerable increase in supply to Northern French sites and those in Normandy and down the Seine valley in particular. The mechanisms behind late BB1 production, supply and the reasons for its disappearance are also discussed and evidence presented for the industry continuing to function on a much-reduced scale after the Roman abandonment of Britannia until the mid-5th century.Table of ContentsIntroduction and acknowledgements ; 1. The sources of and previous research into the industry ; 2: BB1 fabrics ; 3: Natural resources and their utilisation ; 4: Firing technology ; 5: A corpus of Late Roman BB1 forms ; 6: Trading patterns in the South East of Britain and on the Continent ; 7: BB1 production and distribution mechanisms: a review of the evidence ; 8: The end of the industry ; Appendix 1. Gazetteer of BB1 forms seen in South and South-eastern Britain ; Appendix 2. Gazetteer of BB1 forms seen on Continental sites ; Appendix 3. Quantified pottery assemblages from sites in South-Central and South-East Britain ; Appendix 4. Continental site excavations yielding BB1 ; Appendix 5. Breakdown of the BB1 elements in quantified pottery assemblages as per vessel form ; Appendix 6. Archaeological units, museums, amateur archaeological societies and individuals ; Bibliography

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Book SynopsisColonial Geopolitics and Local Cultures in the Hellenistic and Roman East (3rd century BC – 3rd century AD) presents contributions taken in the main from a panel held during the Celtic Conference in Classics 2014 (Edinburgh, Scotland, June 25-28th 2014), but also incorporates a number of papers given previously at another panel which convened at Mamaia (Romania, September 23-27th, 2012). What changes in the material culture can we observe, when a state is overwhelming a local population with soldiers, katoikoi, and civil officials or merchants? One of the main concerns of local geopolitics was the central question of how agricultural land was distributed to the Greek or Roman colonists after it had been seized from the native population? In what way did the state watch over and administer the colonised territories? What were the exact social, legal, cultural and political relationships between the natives and the newcomers? Did the language of the colonists dominate the local vernacular language or not, and in what way? Did onomastics change or not in particular regions over centuries? What were the mutual influences between native and colonial cultures? This collection addresses these questions, focusing on the Hellenistic and Roman East.Trade Review'Like many edited volumes, then, the work under review will be of value to readers not as a collection of interrelated studies, but as a home to individual articles that must be consulted as part of one’s scholarly due diligence. The production value is quite good, with few noticeable errors and a significant number of helpful images, maps, and tables to assist in comprehending the arguments.' – Jeremy LaBuff (2023): Bryn Mawr Classical Review‘Ultimately, the book is also interesting reading for the current question of colonialism, especially in archaeology. Colonialism is not only a modern problem, but also an ancient one.’ [translated] – W. Zwickel, Mainz (2023): ZAW Bücherschau 135/3Table of ContentsIntroduction ; Part 1: Territories and colonial settlements ; Hellenistic colonization and local culture in Commagene and Northern Cyrrhestice – Margherita Facella ; The territory of Hierapolis in Phrygia after the Greek colonization and some remarks on Nikaia in Bithynia and Apollonia in Pisidia: the evidence from archaeological surveys and satellite remote sensing – Giuseppe Scardozzi ; On The Treaty of Apamea. The territorial clause – Adrian Dumitru ; The nature of Attalid katoikiai (188-133 BC) – Nicholas Sekunda ; Les Thraces et Lyciens en Phrygie Parorée aux époques hellénistique et romaine – Hadrien Bru ; Part 2: Economics and imperial domination ; The introduction of Hellenic cults in Seleukid Syria: colonial appropriation and transcultural exchange in the creation of an Imperial landscape – Rolf Strootman ; Les relations entre les Thraces et les cités grecques de la mer Noire : conflits, alliances, transferts institutionnels – Adrian Robu ; Late cistophoric production during the Mithridatic Wars: a comparison between the mints of Ephesus and Tralles – Lucia Francesca Carbone ; Regional currencies within an empire. Bronze coinages of Greece and Asia at the time of the Roman conquest: a case of partial monetary convergence – Gilles Bransbourg ; Part 3: Indigenous cultures and colonial contacts ; Decolonizing the Indo-Greeks – Richard Wenghofer ; Entre perte d’autonomie, acculturation et intégration : les incolae de la colonie romaine de Dion – Julien Demaille ; Paus. X. 23. 14 on the Galatians’ Passage to Asia: lost in translation – Oleg Gabelko ; Les chrétiens d’Asie Mineure et l’évangélisation du Barbaricum danubien (IIIe-IVe siècles). Des relations assez mal connues – Attila Jakab ; Part 4: Forms of military presence ; Soldiers and Hellenism: recruitment in the Hellenistic militaries – D.J. Houle ; Germanicus, Trajan, and the date of Annals 1-6 – Katherine Low ; Two military camps on the Roman Limes: Dura-Europos and Novae (an example of Roman Imperial propaganda through official state religion) – Oleg Alexandrov ; The political propaganda of the cities of Thrace and the Asianic provinces. Some aspects of interactions (A preliminary study) – Ivo Topalilov ; Indices ; Geographical index ; Index of personal names ; Cultural, historical, geographical and political communities ; Deities

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Book SynopsisWinchester in the Anglo-Saxon and early Norman periods was an important royal and religious centre. Property and Piety comprises an edition and translation, with extensive commentary, of thirty-three Anglo-Saxon and Norman documents relating to the topography and minsters of early medieval Winchester. These texts record the physical effects on the city of the foundation and expansion of the three neighbouring minsters, and also of the removal of the New Minster to Hyde in about 1110. They record political, religious, and cultural aspects of the tenth-century reform of Benedictine monasticism, of which Winchester was a leading centre. The splendid New Minster refoundation charter, composed by Bishop AEthelwold and granted by King Edgar in 966, is here translated for the first time. A full examination is also made of the old minster confirmation charter, probably fabricated in the reign of AEthelred. The volume also includes all Anglo-Saxon grants of land within Winchester and a reappraisal of the evidence for the beneficial hidation of the surrounding estate of Chilcomb. This book is the third part of the fourth volume in the Winchester Studies series on The Anglo-Saxon Minsters of Winchester.

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Book SynopsisEdited by Martin Biddle with a catalogue of the known coins of the mint by Yvonne Harvey, this volume records and illustrates the minting of silver pennies in Winchester between the reigns of Alfred the Great and Henry III, a period of three and a half centuries. At the Mint, which was situated in the area of the High Street to the east of where the city’s cross now stands, at least 24 million silver pennies (possibly as many as 50 million) were struck. Five and a half thousand survive in museums and collections all over the world. These have been sought out and photographed (some 3200 coins in 6400 images detailing both sides), and minutely catalogued by Yvonne Harvey for this volume. During the period from late in the reign of Alfred to the time of Henry III, dies for striking the coins were produced centrally under royal authority in the most sophisticated system of monetary control at the time in the western world. In this first account of a major English mint to have been made in forty years, a team of leading authorities have studied and analysed the use the Winchester moneyers made of the dies, and together with the size, weight, and the surviving number of coins from each pair of dies, have produced a detailed account of the varying fortunes of the mint over this period. Their results are critical for the economic history of England and the changing status of Winchester over this long period, and provide the richest available source for the history of the name of the city and the personal names of its citizens in the later Anglo-Saxon period.

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Book SynopsisFrom Ritual to Refuse explores the faunal exploitation by the Maya elite at the site of Chinikihá, Chiapas, during the end of the Late Classic period (AD 700-850) by applying zooarchaeological and statistical analyses to a faunal assemblage located in a basurero or midden behind a palatial structure at the core of the site. This deposit has been interpreted as the result of one or various feasting events. The aim is to investigate temporal changes of function, more specifically during periods of increasing political competitiveness. Moreover, these analyses suggest that there is a change in the use of faunal resources, from a ritual pattern to a more general refuse deposit. The results from the zooarchaeological analysis are supported by a dietary analysis using δ13C and δ15N stable isotopes conducted on human and faunal samples. The results from the faunal assemblage suggest that there was a constant supply of animals for ritual and non-ritual uses, and that these animals were mostly obtained in the wild.Table of ContentsPreface ; Introduction ; Chapter one: Theoretical background to feasting: Activities in archaeology ; Chapter two: The presence of faunal remains in different contexts: the Maya case ; Chapter three: Chinikihá and the sociopolitical situation during the maya classic period ; Chapter four: Description of the Chinikihá assemblages ; Chapter five: Zooarchaeological methodology ; Chapter six: Theoretical background to isotope analysis ; Chapter seven: Results of the zooarchaeological analysis ; Chapter eight: Detailed analysis of Operación 114 ; Chapter nine: Results of the isotope analysis ; Chapter ten: discussion ; Conclusion ; References ; Appendix a: list of isolated teeth by operación ; Appendix b: list of material identified by operación ; Appendix c: List of modified bone and shell studied ; Appendix d: List of human remains studied

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Book SynopsisOmani men carried personal weapons until relatively recent years. Swords and daggers were part of daily life attire and are still worn in social events. Thanks to its political independence, Oman developed unique types of weaponry like the saif sword, which descends from the swords used in the early Islamic period, and the kattara sword that was influenced by the swordsmanship tradition of East Africa. A central role is played by the curved dagger that, common throughout the region, has a special declination in the Omani khanjar. Traditional Omani weaponry includes also the characteristic round terrs shields and the small jertz and qaddum axes, used in the Musandam Peninsula and in the Wahiba sands. This book describes all these main types of Omani edged weapons, their origin, structure and accessories, with the support of a large amount of illustrations and constant reference to specimens from museums and private collections in Oman. The book includes also a long and detailed appendix about one of the most exciting discoveries by the Ministry of Heritage and Tourism, the so-called Desert Lord of Sinaw, buried almost two thousand years ago with a long iron sword and two iron daggers.Table of ContentsIntroduction ; 1 Oman and the “Steel Road” ; 2 Swords and Sabers ; 3 Omani Swords ; 4 Omani Shields ; 5 Omani Daggers ; 6 Omani Axes ; 7 Omani Spears and Lances ; Endnotes ; Bibliography ; Index ; Appendix – The Desert Lord of Sinaw and his Iron Weaponry ; The Funerary Complex ; The Iron Sword and Daggers

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Book SynopsisLes mégalithes du département du Morbihan aims at a better understanding of megalithism, or more precisely megalithisms, and presents a new approach to the relationship between standing stones (menhirs) and tombs (dolmens). The architectural analyses developed raise questions about their complementarity. They are based on a corpus of architectural plans comprising 1413 megalithic monuments from the Department of Morbihan, including 13,200 vertical slabs, the result of thirty years of research and field observations, and including more than 250 unpublished monuments. Two main approaches are discussed: descriptive architectural analysis of the plans on the one hand, and analysis of landscape and environmental elements on the other. The parallels between the stones erected in the open air and those, sometimes identical in their dimensions, their morphology and their geology, which constitute the rooms, the corridors, and the facings of the funerary monuments, consolidate and develop observations already made by other archaeologists on the reuse of these Neolithic standing stones. The observation that these parallels extend to the symmetry and aestheticism of the structures is quite new. These unprecedented and convincing results brought by this analysis of the alignments of standing stones and funerary architectures demonstrate how a subject that has been explored since the nineteenth century by many researchers can still reveal hidden truths.Table of ContentsPréface ; Présentation liminaire ; Remerciements ; La néolithisation…. ; Chapitre 1 : Introduction ; Problématique ; Le cadre géographique de l’étude ; Historique des pensées, ce qui a changé en Bretagne ; Méthodologie ; L’échantillon des mégalithes du département du Morbihan ; Typologie et terminologie, un vocabulaire à actualiser ; Une approche de la chronologie ; Chapitre 2 : Le Corpus ; Les pierres dressées à l’air libre ; Les paires de pierres dressées à l’air libre (M1A2) ; Conclusions et discussions ; Les espaces sépulcraux ; Conclusions et comparaisons ; Le « tumulus », définition et typologie ; Chapitre 3 : Construction d’une architecture ; Pierres dressées et masses tumulaires ; Les pierres dressées isolées sur tumulus ou à proximité immédiate ; Pierres dressées et espaces sépulcraux ; Espaces sépulcraux et masses tumulaires ; Les rapports de superficies entre les tumulus et les espaces sépulcraux ; Construction d’une architecture, conclusion ; Bilan architectural du corpus. Analyse des résultats par type de dispositif ; Chapitre 4 : Construction d’un paysage ; Une approche par la phénoménologie ; Les liens avec le minéral ; Les liens avec les réseaux hydrographiques ; Les liens avec les orientations astronomiques ; Construction du paysage, conclusions ; Synthèse ; Chapitre 5 : Discusion, conclusions ; Introduction ; Comment dater une architecture ? ; Mégalithes du Néolithique moyen I (Période 4700-4300 avant J.C.) ; De la chronologie aux assemblages de pierres dressées, analyse croisée des résultats entre les espaces sépulcraux et les dispositifs de pierres dressées à l’air libre ; Tenter d’accéder aux intentions des bâtisseurs : nature du projet architectural ; Conclusion ; Chapitre 6 : Perspectives ; Chapitre 7 : Bibliographie ; Chapitre 8 : Mégalithes du département du Morbihan pris en compte pour cette étude

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Book SynopsisA Prosopographic Study of the New Kingdom Tomb Owners of Dra Abu el-Naga contains the dating, kinship data and titles for each tomb owner of a total of 54 tombs located in the southern area and the beginning of the northern one of the Theban cemetery of Dra Abu el-Naga during the New Kingdom. For each tomb owner information related to chronology, ancestors, siblings, wives, children, relatives, and career-titles, has been compiled, and kinship diagrams have been created where possible. In order to obtain these data, all the published and unpublished material related to the tombs’ owners in museums and archives all over the world has been consulted. The book will prove of great assistance as a handbook or catalogue for scholars and students intending to conduct research on New Kingdom Dra Abu el-Naga or the surroundings areas of the Theban necropolis as a base for the study of prosopography and kinship relationships. A short introduction to the study explains the utility of the data and the methodology used to gather the information.Table of ContentsIntroduction ; What is this book about? What is its main purpose? ; The research area: Dra Abu el-Naga during the New Kingdom ; What kind of data is included in this book? ; Prosopographic studies in Egyptology ; Methodology used for information gathering ; Chronology ; Kinship ; Career-Titles ; New Kingdom tomb owners of Dra Abu El-Naga ; TT11 - Djehuty ; TT12 - Hery ; TT15 - Tetiky ; TT16 - Panehesy ; TT17 - Nebamun ; TT20 - Montuherkhepeshef ; TT24 - Nebamun ; TT35 - Bakenkhons ; TT140 - Neferrenpet ; TT141 - Bakenkhons ; TT142 - Simut ; TT143 - unknown ; TT144 - Nu ; TT145 - Nebamun ; TT146 - Nebamun ; TT147 - unknown / Neferrenpet ; TT156 - Pennesuttawy ; TT157 - Nebwenenef ; TT158 - Tjanefer ; TT159 - Raya ; TT161 - Nakht ; TT162 - Kenamun ; TT163 - Amenemhat ; TT164 - Intef ; TT165 - Nehemaway ; TT168 - Any ; TT169 - Sena ; TT231 - Nebamun ; TT232 - Tharwas ; TT236 - Harnakht ; TT237 - Unnefer ; TT260 - User ; TT261 - Khaemwaset ; TT262 - unknown ; TT282 - Nakht / Minnakhte ; TT283 - Roma-Roy ; TT284 - unknown / Pahemneter ; TT285 - Iny ; TT286 - Niay ; TT287 - Pendua ; TT288 - Bakenkhons ; TT289 - Setau ; TT300 - Anhotep ; TT301 - Hori ; TT302 - Paraemhab ; TT303 - Paser ; TT304 - Piay ; TT305 - Paser ; TT306 - Irzanen / Irydjanyny ; TT307 - Tjanefer ; TT332 - Penrennut ; TT333 - unknown ; TT334 - unknown ; TT401 - Nebseny ; Bibliography ; Index

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Book SynopsisThe frontiers of the Roman empire together form the largest monument of one of the world’s greatest states. They stretch for some 7,500km through 20 countries which encircle the Mediterranean Sea. The remains of these frontiers have been studied by visitors and later by archaeologists for several centuries. Many of the inscriptions and sculpture, weapons, pottery and artefacts created and used by the soldiers and civilians who lived on the frontier can be seen in museums. Equally evocative of the lost might of Rome are the physical remains of the frontiers themselves. The aim of this series of books is not only to inform the interested visitor about the history of the frontiers but to act as a guidebook as well. The province of Dacia had a relatively short life being abandoned due to economic and strategic reasons in the 260s. It was heavily militarized and therefore the role of the army was crucial in Its development and life. The Roman frontier In Dacia combined several elements, each relating to the landscape: there were riverain and mountain borders, some supplemented by linear barriers, and all connected by roads. Everywhere, the complex system of the border consisted primarily of a network of watchtowers, smaller or larger forts and artificial earthen ramparts or stone walls.Table of ContentsFrontiers of the Roman Empire – David J. Breeze ; Foreword – Simona-Mirela Miculescu ; Common cultural heritage of the Roman empire ; The Roman empire ; Frontiers and trade ; The “Frontiers of the Roman Empire” World Heritage Site ; The definition of a World Heritage Site ; The task ahead ; History and extent of frontiers ; Rome´s foreign policy ; The location of frontiers ; The army and frontiers ; The purpose of frontiers ; Soldiers and civilians ; Military administration ; Research on Roman frontiers ; Inscriptions and documents ; Survey and excavation ; Aerial survey ; Protection and presentation of frontiers ; Future perspectives ; The Roman Frontiers of Dacia – Felix Marcu, George Cupcea ; The context of the conquest of Dacia ; The invasion of Dacia ; Dacia ; The categories of fortifications ; Temporary camps ; Auxiliary forts ; Fortresses ; Towers ; Fortlets ; Earthen ramparts ; Chronology ; The type and the organisation of the province ; The army of Dacia ; The legions ; Must see archaeological sites ; Select bibliography for Dacia ; Illustration acknowledgements

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Book SynopsisUse of Space and Domestic Areas: Functional Organisation and Social Strategies presents the papers from Session XXXII-1 of the 18th UISPP World Congress (Paris, June 2018). The organization of inhabited space is the direct expression of the deep integration of societies with their cultural and natural environment. According to the distribution and the patterning of activities, the organization of human communities and the role of their actors can be brought to light. The various contributions in this volume show the progress of research in terms of understanding the use of space on different scales, from the household to the village, focusing on Neolithic and Bronze Age contexts. Each of the contributions shows the diversity of issues concerning the interpretation of the living spaces, and the diversity of approaches carried out to answer them.Table of ContentsLieux de vie et espaces domestiques : organisations fonctionnelles et stratégies sociales / Use of space and domestic areas: functional organisation and social strategies – Alessandro Peinetti, Julia Wattez, Luc Jallot ; The visible and the invisible. A fresh look at LBK longhouse interiors – Lech Czerniak ; The Early Neolithic household remains of Lugo di Romagna, Fornace Gattelli (North East Italy) – Nicola Degasperi, Giuliana Steffè, Giovanni Tasca ; Sv. Križ – St. Cross (Istria, Croatia): some remarks on the food preparing and storaging during the Bronze Age in Northern Adriatic Region – Tihomir Percan (†) ; Daily life in a north Italian Early Bronze Age pile dwelling: Lucone di Polpenazze del Garda (Italy – Brescia) – Marco Baioni, Fabio Bona, Claudia Mangani, Nicoletta Martinelli, Cristiano Nicosia, Renata Perego, Tommaso Quirino, Emanuele Saletta ; Different ways to handle the domestic space by comparison: the case of Bronze Age villages in Vallese di Oppeano (Verona – ITA) – Federica Gonzato, Claudia Mangani, Nicoletta Martinelli, Cristiano Nicosia ; ‘Where the house has no trace…’ Reconstructing of basic cluster of everyday life on the Late Copper Age sites in Hungary – Szilvia Fábián, András Rajna ; The rise of socio-economic complexity in non-urban societies: function, organisation, and social meaning organisation and social meaning of space in Early Bronze Age Eastern Arabia – Valentina M. Azzarà ; Interpreting long-lived-in dwelling spaces: integrated spatial analysis of a Late Bronze Age area at Coppa Nevigata (south-eastern Italy) – Giulia Recchia, Enrico Lucci, Girolamo Fiorentino, Claudia Minniti, Vittorio Mironti, Milena Primavera, Gianni Siracusano, Melissa Vilmercati

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Book SynopsisNo Place Like Home: Ancient Near Eastern Houses and Households had its genesis in a series of six popular and well-attended ASOR conference sessions on Household Archaeology in the Ancient Near East. A selection of papers are presented here, together with four invited contributions. The 18 chapters are organized in three thematic sections. Chapters in the first, Architecture as Archive of Social Space, profile houses as records of the lives of inhabitants, changing and adapting with residents; many offer a background focus on how human behavior is shaped by the walls of one’s own home. This section also includes innovative approaches to understanding who dwelled in these homes. For instances, one chapter explores evidence for children in a house, another surveys what it was like to live in a military barracks. The middle section, The Active Household, focuses on the evidence for how residents carried out household activities including work and food preparation. Chapters include the ‘heart of household archaeology’ in their application of activity area research, but also drill down to the social significance of what residents were doing or eating, and where such actions were taking place. The final section, Ritual Space at Home, features studies on the house as ritual space. The entire complement of chapters provides the latest research on houses and households spanning the Chalcolithic to the Roman periods and from Turkey to Egypt.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction: No Place Like Home – Laura Battini, Aaron Brody, and Sharon R. Steadman ; Architecture as Archive of Social Space ; Chapter 2. ‘Social House’ Theory and Egyptian Archaeology – Nicholas Picardo ; Chapter 3. Households, Communities, and Dimensions of Social Identity in the Early Iron Age at Tall al-ʿUmayri, Jordan – Monique D. Vincent ; Chapter 4. Houses and Households in Urartu: Evidence from the Outer Town at Ayanis – Paul Zimansky ; Chapter 5. Living at the Gate: Identification of Military Housing at Neo-Assyrian Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) – Timothy Matney, Tina L. Greenfield, Kemalettin Köroǧlu, John MacGinnis, Britt Hartenberger, and Melissa Rosenzweig ; Chapter 6. Neo-Babylonian Domestic Houses at Ur in Social Perspective – Laura Battini ; Chapter 7. Identity at the Twilight of Empire: Domestic Foodways and Cultural Practice at 12th Century BC Beth-Shean – Jacob C. Damm ; The Active Household ; Chapter 8. ‘Work/Life Balance’ in Late Chalcolithic Anatolia: Household Activities and Spatial Organization at Çadır Höyük – Stephanie Selover, Laurel D. Hackley, and Sharon R. Steadman ; Chapter 9. Household Archaeology During the Early Bronze III of Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath – Haskel J. Greenfield, Jon Ross, Shira Albaz, Tina L. Greenfield, Jeremy A. Beller, Suembikya Frumin, Ehud Weiss, and Aren M. Maeir ; Chapter 10. House, Household, and The Umm An-Nar: Structure SS1 at the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Bat, Sultanate of Oman – Jennifer Swerida ; Chapter 11. A Closer Look: The Houses on the Southeastern Hill of Jerusalem in Economic Perspective – Margreet L. Steiner ; Chapter 12. The Daily Bread at Tell Halif: An Overview of Food Production and Consumption – Cynthia Shafer-Elliott, Tim Frank, and Oded Borowski ; Chapter 13. Living and Working at Home: Workshops and Workplaces in Romano-Egyptian Houses – Anna Lucille Boozer ; Ritual Space at Home ; Chapter 14. Accidental or Intentional?: An Ubaid Period Burnt Structure at Kenan Tepe, Turkey – Marie Hopwood ; Chapter 15. Bronze Age Upper Mesopotamian Houses: A Ritualized Space? – Juliette Mas ; Chapter 16. Ritual Allsorts: An Archaeology of Domestic Religious Admixture in Kültepe-Kaneš – Yağmur Heffron

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Book SynopsisPicturing Royal Charisma assesses how Middle Eastern leaders manipulated visuals to advance their rule from around 4500 BC to the 19th century AD. In nine fascinating narratives, it showcases the dynamics of long-lasting Middle Eastern traditions, dealing with the visualization of those who stood at the head of the social order. The contributions discuss: Mesopotamian kings who cast themselves as divine representatives in art; the relationships between the ‘king of men’ and ‘king of beasts’ – the lion; Akhenaten’s visual conception of a divine king without hybrid attributes; the royal image as guiding movements of visitors in the palace of Nimrud; continuities in the functions and representation of Neo-Assyrian eunuchs that survived in the Achaemenid, Sasanian, Byzantine and Islamic courts; the triumphal arch of the emperor Titus and its reflections in Christian Constantinople; patterns of authority and royal legitimacy in 3rd century AD Palmyra and Rome; the use of the Biblical past in the construction of kingship in 12th century Crusader Jerusalem; and the use of ‘the power of images’ by Islamic rulers, adopting visuals of thrones and throne-rooms despite Islamic opposition to the figurative portrayal of kings.Table of ContentsIntroduction : Picturing Royal Charisma: The Image of Kings in the Eastern Mediterranean from the Late Fourth Millennium to the Islamic Period (c. 3250 BCE to 1600 CE) – Arlette David, Rachel Milstein, Tallay Ornan ; Chapter 1: In the Beginning: The First 1200 Years in Mesopotamia – Claudia E. Suter ; Chapter 2: The Defeat of the Lion: A Visual Trope Promoting Ancient Near Eastern Kings – Tallay Ornan ; Chapter 3: Hybridism as a Visual Mark of Divinity: The Case of Akhenaten – Arlette David ; Chapter 4: The Architectural Presence of the Assyrian King in His Palaces – David Kertai ; Chapter 5: The King’s Faithful Servants: The Eunuch’s Role as Sovereign Attribute with an Emphasis on Assyria – Irit Ziffer ; Chapter 6: The Arch of Titus: Jerusalem in Rome – Galit Noga-Banai ; Chapter 7: Basileus basileion: Weberian Approaches to Authority in the roman Near East – Michael Sommer ; Chapter 8: Royal Sovereignty in Frankish Jerusalem: Davidic Legacy and the Transformation of Jerusalem’s Cityscape in the 12th Century – Anna Gutgarts ; Chapter 9: Sacred Space and the Royal Seat: Islamic Imagery of Kingship – Rachel Milstein

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Book SynopsisTowards the end of Caesar’s Gallic War, Rome had reached the Rhine. Since the campaigns under Emperor Augustus (15 B.C.), larger troop contingents were stationed along the river, with focal points around Mogontiacum/Mainz and in northern Switzerland. After the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest (9 AD), when the attempt to occupy all of Germania had failed, the Lower Rhine remained the frontier of the empire’s territory until Late Antiquity. East of the Middle and Upper Rhine, however, the Roman sphere of power was pushed forward several times over a period of almost 200 years, and from 90 AD at the latest, the construction of artificial borders was initiated. When the Roman expansion came to an end around 160 AD, the province was secured in its furthest extension by the “Frontal” or “Outer Upper-Germanic Limes”, which existed until the middle of the 3rd century. This book illustrates the historical and archaeological significance of the Upper Germanic Limes and provides an up-to-date overview of its manifold features in the field.Table of ContentsFRONTIERS OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE ; Foreword by Egon Schallmayer ; Common cultural heritage of the Roman Empire ; The Roman Empire ; Frontiers and trade ; The “Frontiers of the Roman Empire” World Heritage Site ; History and extent of frontiers ; Rome´s foreign policy ; The location of frontiers ; The army and frontiers ; The purpose of frontiers ; Soldiers and civilians ; Military administration ; Research on Roman frontiers ; Inscriptions and documents ; Survey and excavation ; Aerial survey ; UPPER GERMANIC FRONTIER ; Historical background ; The extension of the Upper Germanic Limes ; Military places ; Life on the Limes ; Significance of the Limes ; History of research ; Opportunity and obligation – preservation of historical Monuments and tourism ; Where the Limes can be seen

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Book SynopsisThe Medieval Floortiles of Herefordshire presents a survey, in the form of a gazetteer, of the extant decorated floortiles of Herefordshire, with some tiles that are no longer available but which are known from records also included. For each site, each individual floortile design is illustrated and parallels from other sites are outlined. It is to be expected that the largest collections of medieval floortiles in Herefordshire would be found at the religious centres of Abbey Dore, Wigmore, Leominster, and Hereford. However the largest installation visible today is at St Katherine’s Chapel, Ledbury, where approximately 500 tiles of the Bristol Canynges Group (c.1485) survive in remarkably good condition. Similar designs from the Bristol Canynges Group have been found at Netherwood in Thornbury and at Deans Place, Yatton. At Stretton Sugwas and at Croft there are virtually identical collections of random tiles, many with designs similar to a pavement commissioned by Abbot Sebroke for Gloucester Abbey in 1455. Other close links with Gloucester are evident in the Dilwyn tiles which feature many of the same designs found at Blackfriars, Gloucester. Two of the designs exhibit the same flaw in the stamp, reinforcing the connection between the two sites. Whilst many of the designs are to be found at multiple locations, Leominster has some unusual edging strips featuring dots and squares and a dotted chequer board design not found elsewhere. Leominster also puts us in direct contact with the tile maker (or his assistant) who has made his own random design. Elsewhere, some surprisingly rural churches (such as Castle Frome) have retained really interesting examples of decorated floortile (see front cover) – well kept secrets!Table of ContentsIntroduction ; Abbey Dore – Dore Abbey ; Brampton Bryan – Church of St Barnabas ; Breinton (Lower Breinton) – Church of St Michael ; Castle Frome – Church of St Michael and All Angels ; Colwall – Church of St James ; Croft – Church of St Michael and All Angels ; Dilwyn – St Mary’s Church ; Goodrich Castle ; Hereford – Church of All Saints ; Hereford Cathedral – Booth Chapel ; Hereford Cathedral – Lady Chapel ; Hereford – Eign Gate ; Hereford Museum Collections ; Ledbury – St Katherine's Chapel ; Leominster Old Priory ; Madley – Parish Church ; Monkland – Church of All Saints ; Much Marcle – Hall Court ; Stretton Sugwas – The Parish Church of St Mary Magdalene ; Thornbury – Netherwood ; Westhide – St Bartholomew’s Church ; Wigmore Abbey ; Wigmore – Chapel Farm ; Yatton – Deans Place ; Summary ; Bibliography

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Book SynopsisThe Archaeological Excavations in the Castel Corno Caves presents the results of two different excavation campaigns in a prehistoric archaeological site in a deep cave in Trentino Alto Adige (Castel Corno, Isera, Trento, Italy). The excavations uncovered a number of tombs deep in the cave and, outside, the remains of a settlement. The site is significant for the excellent preservation of the artefacts and of the animal and human bones, a result of the depth of the cave. Despite damage caused by grave robbers, a considerable quantity of data was recovered enabling the partial reconstruction of human activity in this area. In the tombs the remains of seven individuals were excavated. Radiocarbon dating indicates that the tombs can be dated between the end of the Copper Age and the beginning of the Early Bronze Age (25th–21st centuries BC), but the occupation of the site, for ritual and settlement purposes, continued at least until the end of the Early Bronze Age (18th–17th centuries BC).Table of ContentsList of Figures; 1: Historical and Geographical Introduction; 2: The Rovereto Civic Museum Excavations; 3: The Material Culture; 4: The Burial Places; 5: Paleoenvironmental and Economic Aspects; 6: General Discussion and Conclusions; Catalogue of Finds; Catalogue Entries; Plates; Appendix; Bibliography

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Book SynopsisLate Bronze Age Painted Pottery Traditions at the Margins of the Hittite State is the result of a workshop organized by the editors at the 11th ICAANE held in Munich in 2018 with additional contributions presented by renowned scholars working on this topic. The Late Bronze Age in the Ancient Near East is generally marked by a massive decline in the occurrence of painted pottery and a clear dominance of plain ceramics. This is especially evident when looking at Anatolia. Here, the presence of simple undecorated ceramics is considered as the main distinguishing trait of the dominance of the Hittite State and its material culture. Nevertheless, at the margins of the empire, especially in Southern and South-Eastern as well as Northern Anatolia, painted ceramics are frequently attested and, during recent years, new findings have come to light from a number of excavations. However, a comprehensive analysis of this material has not yet been accomplished. The intent of this volume is to break through the boundaries usually imposed by the study of 2nd millennium BC pottery production in Anatolia and to reconstruct a comprehensive scenario concerning the appearance, evolution, and related historical meanings of these painted pottery traditions. To this end, 12 papers of leading specialists working on relevant material have been collected in this book offering, for the first time, the possibility of a deeper understanding of the phenomenon of painted pottery in the 2nd millennium BC.Trade Review'I very much appreciate the editors’ effort in grouping together papers dealing with the most relevant sites under the Hittite’s sphere. Read in conjunction with a recent volume (Glatz 2015), it can be a useful tool and up-to-date reference volume for the study of Late Bronze Age pottery in Anatolia.' – Mariacarmela Montesanto (2023): Antiquity Vol. 97Table of ContentsForeword ; Introduction – Throwing Some Colour on a Plain World – Federico Manuelli and Dirk Paul Mielke ; Geometric Painted Pottery of the 2nd Millennium BC in the Central Black Sea Region. A Contribution to the Archaeology of the Kaška – Dirk Paul Mielke ; Archaeometric Investigations of Late Bronze Age Painted Pottery from Oymaağaç Höyük/Nerik, Central Black Sea Region, Turkey – Mustafa Kibaroğlu, Sonja Behrendt, Tillmann Viefhaus and Dirk Paul Mielke ; The Painted Pottery Tradition in Inland South-Western Anatolia during the Late Bronze Age – Fulya Dedeoğlu and Erim Konakçı ; Late Bronze Age Painted Pottery and its Contextual Relationship to the Hittite Levels at Ovaören – S. Yücel Şenyurt and Atakan Akçay ; Late Bronze Age Chronology and Painted Pottery in Inland Southern Anatolia – Alvise Matessi ; The Cross-Hatched Red Painted Pottery Tradition at Mersin-Yumuktepe – Éric Jean ; Style as Representation of Political Hegemony? A View from the Edge of the Hittite Kingdom – Elif Ünlü ; Red Band Decorated Pottery from Tepebağ Höyük/Adana – Deniz Yaşin and Belgin Aksoy ; Painted Pottery Traditions at Sirkeli Höyük in the 2nd Millennium BC – Ekin Kozal ; Just a Matter of Style? Late Bronze Age Painted Pottery Traditions in the Upper Euphrates Region: Origins and Significance – Federico Manuelli ; Archaeometric and Technological Investigations of the Late Bronze Age Painted Pottery from Arslantepe (Malatya, Eastern Turkey) – Pamela Fragnoli and Alexandra S. Rodler ; Painted Pottery Traditions of Late Bronze Alalakh – Mara T. Horowitz ; Some Final Remarks – Hermann Genz and Geoffrey D. Summers ; Index

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Book SynopsisThe Making of a Roman Imperial Estate presents excavations and analysis of material remains at Vagnari, in southeast Italy, which have facilitated a detailed and precise phasing of a rural settlement, both in the late Republican period in the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, when it was established on land leased from the Roman state after Rome’s conquest of the region, and when it became the hub (vicus) of a vast agricultural estate owned by the emperor himself in the early 1st century AD. This research addresses a range of crucial questions concerning the nature of activity at the estate and the changes in population in this transitional period. It also maps the development of the vicus in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, shaping our understanding of the diversity and the mechanics of the imperial economy and the role of the vicus and its inhabitants in generating revenues for the emperor. By contextualising the estate in its landscape and exploring its economic and social impact on Apulia and beyond, archaeological research gives us extremely valuable insight into the making of a Roman imperial estate.Trade Review'The volume is well produced and fully illustrated, with many colour images, and only a few typos and slips in the cross-references to the figures. The book will be of particular interest to scholars and research students interested in the Roman agricultural economy, the archaeology of Roman vici, and in details about the management of, and daily life on, an imperial estate.' – Annalisa Marzano (2023): Antiquity Vol. 97 (392) Table of ContentsList of Figures ; List of Tables ; List of Plates ; Preface and Acknowledgements – Maureen Carroll ; CHAPTER 1: Introduction. Exploring the Imperial Estate at Vagnari, 2012–2019 – Maureen Carroll ; CHAPTER 2: The Topographical Context of Vagnari in the Roman Period: A Brief History of the Study Area – Alastair Small [Open Access: Download] ; CHAPTER 3: The Landscape Context of Vagnari, Past and Present – Peter Wigand ; CHAPTER 4: Vagnari Vicus: Buildings and Chronology – Maureen Carroll, Kelsey Madden, and Jonathan Moulton ; CHAPTER 5: The Vessel Pottery and Lamps – David R. Griffiths ; CHAPTER 6: The Dolia Defossa and Viticulture at Vagnari – Maureen Carroll, Giuseppe Montana, Luciana Randazzo, Donatella Barca, and Benjamin Stern ; CHAPTER 7: Vessel and Window Glass – Camilla Bertini and Victoria Lucas ; CHAPTER 8: Roman Republican and Imperial Coins – David Wigg-Wolf ; CHAPTER 9: Copper-Alloy Artefacts – Stefanie Hoss ; CHAPTER 10: Iron Artefacts – Louis-Olivier Lortie, Maureen Carroll, and Stefanie Hoss ; CHAPTER 11: Ferrous Metallurgical Debris and its Chemical Analysis – Louis-Olivier Lortie ; CHAPTER 12: Lead, Lead-Working Debris, and Lead Sourcing – Maureen Carroll, Jane Evans, Vanessa Pashley, and Louis-Olivier Lortie ; CHAPTER 13: Building Ceramics: Brick, Tile, and Clay – Maureen Carroll, Giuseppe Montana, Luciana Randazzo, and Donatella Barca ; CHAPTER 14 : Marble and Stone Revetment and Pavements: Context and Provenance – Maureen Carroll, Renato Giarrusso, Giuseppe Montana, Luciana Randazzo, and Giovanna Scopelliti ; CHAPTER 15: Painted Wall Plaster – Maureen Carroll ; CHAPTER 16: Worked Stone Utensils – Maureen Carroll ; CHAPTER 17: Loom Weights and Textile Weaving at Vagnari – Beatrice Triozzi ; CHAPTER 18: Worked Bone – Maureen Carroll ; CHAPTER 19: Animal Remains from Vagnari: Bones and Shells – Angela Trentacoste ; CHAPTER 20: The Botanical Remains – Matthew Stirn and Rebecca Sgouros ; CHAPTER 21: Human Remains in the Vicus – Tracy L. Prowse ; CHAPTER 22: Parasites and Human Health at Vagnari – Marissa L. Ledger and Piers D. Mitchell ; CHAPTER 23: The Making of an Imperial Estate – Maureen Carroll ; Sintesi in Lingua Italiana della Ricerca presentata nel Volume – Beatrice Triozzi ; APPENDIX 1: Catalogue of Excavated Features and DepositsAccording to Phases ; APPENDIX 2: List of Catalogued Small Finds ; APPENDIX 3: Pottery Fabric Descriptions ; APPENDIX 4: Catalogue of Featured Ceramic Vessels ; APPENDIX 5: Catalogue of Oil Lamps ; APPENDIX 6: Inventory Recording Form for Human Skeletons ; Bibliography ; PLATES

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Book SynopsisKhirbet el-Maqatir lies 16 km north of Jerusalem. The Associates for Biblical Research excavated 14 summer seasons and 5 winter seasons between 1995 and 2016. The remains range from Middle Bronze Age to Early Islamic and include a Bronze Age fortress, a Late Hellenistic/Early Roman village, and a Byzantine ecclesiastical complex. Volume 2 focuses on the later time periods.Table of ContentsPreface ; Geography and Topography ; I. Stratigraphy and Architecture ; 1. Stratigraphy and Occupational History – Scott Stripling ; 2. Late Hellenistic and Early Roman Architecture – Brian N. Peterson ; 3. Monumental Tower and Fortification System – Mark A. Hassler ; 4. Subterranean Features – Scott Stripling with a contribution by Dvir Raviv ; 5. Byzantine Ecclesiastical Complex – Leen Ritmeyer and Scott Stripling ; II. Small Finds ; 6. The Numismatic Finds from Khirbet el-Maqatir – Yoav Farhi with an appendix by Kevin W. Larsen ; 7. Ceramic Vessels – Peretz Reuven ; 8. Early Roman Limestone Vessels – Shimon Gibson ; 9. Glass Vessels – Abigail Leavitt and Scott Stripling ; 10. Inscriptions – Matthew D. Glassman ; 11. Jewelry and Personal Accessories – Frankie Snyder, Suzanne Lattimer, and Scott Stripling ; 12. Militaria – Katherine A. Streckert and Boyd V. Seevers ; 13. General Objects – Abigail Leavitt and Scott Stripling, with Frankie Snyder ; 14. Fauna – Abra Spiciarich, Scott Stripling, and Lidar Sapir-Hen ; Conclusion ; Appendix: Lists of Walls and Loci

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Book SynopsisShaping Regionality in Socio-Economic Systems: Late Hellenistic-Late Roman Ceramic Production, Circulation, and Consumption in Boeotia, Central Greece (c. 150 BC-AD 700) sheds some necessary light on local economies from the (late) Hellenistic to the Late Roman period. The concepts of regions and regionality are employed to explore the complexity of ancient economies and (ceramic) variability and change in Boeotia (Central Greece), largely on the basis of the survey data generated by the Boeotia Project for Thespiae, Askra, Hyettos, Tanagra and their surroundings. The analysis illustrates the existence of a range of (micro-)regions within Boeotia that are characterised by patterns and differences in ceramic production, variable intensities of interaction in larger networks, and consumer preferences and/or variability in aspects of consumption. By putting this patterning in a broader context, this study shows that spatio-temporal differences in the production and circulation of pottery (as well as differences in something which might be called the ‘performance’ of ancient economies) are shaped by geographical factors, by the ways in which communities and interaction were organised institutionally, by aspects of agency and by the unfolding of history. Although we can observe these three main factors that contributed to the shaping of regional differences, such processes were contextually-embedded and took root on a very local scale through various forms of agency and consumption practices. The book shows that we can gain a better understanding of the ways in which regions emerged, were articulated, and maintained, and how regions and local economies functioned from within through the detailed study of ceramics and other relevant data on Boeotia and the wider ancient world.Trade Review‘The work is an excellent addition to our knowledge of ceramics in Greece and furthers an understanding of Late Hellenistic and Roman Greece that supersedes simple narratives of economic boom and bust.’ – Joseph Frankl (2023): Bryn Mawr Classical ReviewTable of ContentsIntroduction ; 1. Approaching local economies, regions, and regionality in the ancient world ; 2. The Geographies of Boeotia ; 3. A (socio-economically geared) history and archaeology of Hellenistic-Late Roman Boeotia ; 4. Proxies to explore the economies of Hellenistic-Late Roman Boeotia with focus on Thespiae, Askra, Hyettos, Tanagra, and their surroundings ; 5. Ceramics and their value for gaining additional insights in ancient economies ; 6. Ceramic methodology ; 7. The ceramic production evidence from the surveys and rescue-excavations and the chronology and output of local production ; 8. Exploring the macroscopically defined fabric-groups on the basis of pXRF measurements ; 9. Different settings, different products? The location of Boeotian ceramic production: centripetal and centrifugal forces ; 10. An introduction of (imported) ceramics in circulation in Boeotia ; 11. Ceramic circulation and consumption in Thespiae and the Valley of the Muses ; 12. Ceramic circulation and consumption in Hyettos and its administrative hinterland ; 13. Ceramic circulation and consumption in Tanagra and its administrative hinterland ; 14. Ceramic circulation in Boeotia from a comparative perspective ; 15. Discussion and conclusions: Shaping ceramic and socio-economic regionality in (Late) Hellenistic-Late Roman Boeotia ; Bibliography

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Book SynopsisAcropolis 625: The Endoios Athena is an interdisciplinary in-depth study of an important Archaic statue of Athena, carved in c. 525 BC. The author’s detailed examination reveals that, unlike earlier seated statues, it is an active figure. For this reason the right stool seat was pieced on by the sculptor himself. The author deduces that the goddess was a fully armed image of Athena Polias as defender of the city-state. Having escaped destruction during the Persian Invasion of c. 480-79 BC, the statue sustained severe damage in Late Antiquity, most likely during the Herulian Invasion of c. AD 267. Afterwards it was built into a memorial wall on the north slope of the Acropolis, right side up and facing forward. This wall was placed directly below that portion of the north citadel wall containing part of the entablature of the Late Archaic temple of Athena Polias destroyed by the Persians. The Endoios Athena was seen by Pausanias in c. AD 150-55, and he mentions it directly prior to the Erechtheion. Pausanias’s route on the top of the Acropolis citadel and the various suggestions for the location of the Erechtheion are examined in detail. The author opts for the traditional interpretation that the Erechtheion was located in the Karyatid Temple and offers an educated guess as to where Pausanias saw the Endoios Athena.Table of ContentsForeword and acknowledgments ; Introduction: The Endoios Athena and Acropolis 625 ; Part One: The Statue ; Chapter I: Condition, composition and overview ; Chapter II: The statue from top to bottom: Description, analyses and comparanda ; Head, neck and hair ; Aegis and Gorgoneion, upper torso ; Chiton and its relationship to Athena’s body ; Arms and hands ; Feet and sandals ; The stool ; The central support ; The plinth ; Summary and overall analysis ; Conclusion: Athena as an armed Goddess ; Chapter III: Measurements ; Introduction ; Measurements of the right side (figure 1) ; Measurements of the front (figure 2) ; Measurements of the left side (figure 3) ; Vertical measurements of the back (figures 1 and 3) ; Horizontal measurements of the back (figure 4) ; Drill holes on the Aegis: Depth and location (plates 13-15) ; Measurements of the scallops on the Aegis: Length and location (plates 13-15) ; Size of Athena relative to The Stool seat ; Comparisons to other archaic seated figures ; Conclusions ; Chapter IV: Proposed reconstruction in words and images ; Method ; Head, neck, face, hair and helmet ; Aegis and Gorgoneion ; Chiton ; Forearms and hands, spear and shield ; Feet and sandals ; Stool and plinth ; Archaic colors: Paint and metal ; Summary and conclusions ; Chapter V: The statue, summary and conclusions ; Part Two: The Statue on the Acropolis ; Chapter I: The Greek revolution and the reported findspot ; Chapter II: The findspot of Acropolis 625 and its significance ; Sir William Gell (1777-1836) ; Turkish fountain, Hypapanti wall, Aghios Nikolaos and Stuart and Revett ; Edward Dodwell (1777-1832) ; Richard Chandler (1737-1810) ; John Cam Hobhouse (1786-1869) ; The date of the find ; The significance of the true findspot and the late antique wall ; Chapter III: The findspot summary and conclusions ; Chapter IV: Pausanias and the Endoios Athena ; Pausanias on top of the Acropolis Citadel (1.22.4 through 1.28.3) (figures 20-21, plate 44) ; The Erechtheion: Herodotos and Pausanias ; Chapter V: Where was the Erechtheion? ; The modern controversy over the identification and location of the Erechtheion ; Robertson’s Erechtheion (SE building) (figure 21.K-L and figures 22-23) ; Mansfield’s and Pautasso’s Erechtheion (Sanctuary of Zeus Polieus) (figure 21.I-J) ; Jeppesen’s Erechtheion (’House of the Arrephoroi’ and the Mycenaean Fountain) (Figure 21.O) ; Pirenne-Delforge on the Erechtheion ; Van Rookhuijzen’s Erechtheion ; The Archaic temple of Athena Polias: Dörpfeld and Ferrari (figures 26-27 and plate 47) ; One temple or two?: The testimony of Himerios and Plutarch ; Chapter VI: The Karyatid Temple and the Erechtheion ; The case for the Erechtheion and the temple of the Polias together in one structure ; The Karyatid Temple ; Chapter VII: Pausanias and the Endoios Athena. Summary and conclusions ; The location of the Erechtheion: A summary ; The probable location of the Endoios’s Athena in Pausanias’s day c. AD 155-60 ; Overall summary: Acropolis 625: The Endoios Athena ; Plates ; Bibliography ; Index of selected people, places and things

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Book SynopsisLight of Devotion: Oil Lamps of Kerala, an in-depth study of the medieval oil lamps of Kerala and beyond, contributes a new chapter to the history of Indian art. These art objects are primary sources for a broader discussion of the ritual use of Hindu oil lamps, their related and unique cultural history, their motifs, style and subject matter. From an understudied region, they include miniature masterpieces in bronze of figural and mythic representations. Many of the pieces presented are previously unpublished. Hindu traditions and the underlying philosophy of these votive offerings to temple deities represented by the flaming oil lamps will interest those who study history of religions, art history and South Asian studies. The author has included oil lamps found not only in Kerala but also examples discovered in an international array of museums and collections. These lamps and their inscriptions offer a key to unlock the problem of the dating of Keralan bronze sculpture.Table of ContentsList of Figures ; Acknowledgements ; Note on names of towns ; Art of Devotion ; Collections ; Festivals ; Bibliography ; Inscriptions ; Dating difficulties ; Classification ; Names of Some Oil Lamps ; Suspension Lamps ; Stationary Lamps ; Portable Lamps ; Suspension Lamps ; Gaja/elephant-shaped lamps ; Archaeological Museum, Dadigama, Sri Lanka, elephant-shaped oil lamp ; CSMVS, Mumbai, elephant-shaped lamp found at Jogeshvari, Maharashtra ; Thrissur State Museum elephant-shaped oil lamp from Thripunithura, Kerala ; Kuthira Maliga Museum, Thiruvananthapuram, elephant-shaped oil lamp ; Vimana vilakku/ Temple model-shaped lamps ; Gaja Lakshmi ; Mythic Depictions ; Non-mythic suspension lamps ; Stationary Lamps ; Mada vilakku/wall niche lamps ; Vriksha vilakku or Tree-shaped lamps ; Kavara vilakku, branching lamp ; Nila or Kuthu vilakku or stambha ; Lakshmi Deepa/Fortune Lamp ; Kindi, ritual water pot lamp ; Portable Lamps ; Arti/prayer ; Changalavatta ; Vanchi vilakku, boat-shaped processional torch ; Extra Parts ; Conclusion ; Characteristics ; South Indian bronze imagery ; Production features of style ; Iconography ; Dynastic arts ; Bibliography ; Index

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Book SynopsisThrough the voices of over 20 Hadrian's Wall enthusiasts – chosen amongst prominent frontier scholars and archaeologists, re-enactors, curators, walkers and site managers – this volume celebrates the 1900th anniversary of Hadrian’s visit to Britain and the building of the Wall. Together, the authors explore issues such as the impact of environmental changes on archaeology and the innovative technologies used in monitoring and managing the Wall and its collections. The book highlights not only the ways in which Hadrian’s Wall can be protected for future generations, but also the ways in which it affects the identities of those who work and travel along it. Rather than a retrospective of work undertaken so far, or an attempt to impose theoretical frameworks onto a living landscape, it offers a realistic discussion of current issues and solutions in the exploration, management and protection of Hadrian’s Wall, from the point of view of those living, visiting, researching and working along it.Trade Review‘The contents are impressive both for the breadth of subjects tackled and for the editors’ success in securing contributions from a series of key figures. Leafing through the volume lays bare how much thought and hard work goes into protecting Hadrian’s Wall and presenting its archaeology to the public.’ – Matthew Symonds (2022): Current Archaeology (issue 393)'The collected papers help to illustrate the wide variety of ways in which researchers, curators, community members, re-enactors and artists are engaging with Britain’s most famous Roman monument. They also clearly illustrate the changing agenda for researching the Wall and some of the opportunities for further collaborative work.' – Richard Hingley (2023): Antiquity Vol. 97Table of ContentsPreface – Marta Alberti and Katie Mountain ; Foreword – Jane, Lady Gibson ; Foreword – Alessandro Balsamo ; Chapter 1: Hadrian’s Wall: an archaeological resource – David J. Breeze ; Chapter 2: The challenges of managing and monitoring the archaeological deposits of the Wall, with case studies from Vindolanda and Carvoran (Magna) – Andrew R. Birley and Don P. O’Meara ; Chapter 3: Aspects of remote sensing in Wall research – Tony Wilmott ; Chapter 4: 3D scanning of Vindolanda’s collection – successes and challenges – Anneke-Susan Hackenbroich and Rhys Williams ; Chapter 5: From academic research to delivery: translating knowledge to deliver accessible and captivating programmes – Barbara Birley and Bill Griffiths ; Chapter 6: The role of collections management in the future of the World Heritage Site – Frances McIntosh and Elsa Price ; Chapter 7: The many faces of the Wall: interpretation strategies, challenges and innovation on a multifaceted monument – Geoff Woodward, Joe Savage, Kiki Claxton, Andrew Poad, Jane Laskey, David J. Breeze, Susan Aglionby, and Mark Richards ; Chapter 8: Ruffenhofen, Bavaria: a new way of visualising and presenting a World Heritage Site – Matthias Pausch ; Chapter 9: From MOOC to WallCAP: engaging non-academic audiences with Hadrian’s Wall – Rob Collins ; Chapter 10: Gaming and Hadrian’s Wall: a future of digital possibilities – Claire Stocks and Barbara Birley ; Chapter 11: Exploring Hadrian’s Wall: the management and limitations of a National Trail, and the challenges for sustainable tourism within a World Heritage Site – David McGlade, Gary Pickles and Mark Richards ; Chapter 12: Hadrian’s Wall: a lifeline for living history practitioners, event organisers and business owners – Robin Brown and Kevin Robson ; Chapter 13: The next 1900 years: a future for Hadrian’s Wall World Heritage Site management – Nick Henderson ; Chapter 14: The future of cultural resource management on the Frontiers of the Roman Empire World Heritage property – Rebecca Jones ; Chapter 15: Hadrian’s Wall: exploring its past to protect its future – Marta Alberti and Katie Mountain ; Index

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Book SynopsisThe frontiers of the Roman Empire together form the largest monument of one of the world’s greatest ancient states. They stretch for some 7,500 km through 20 countries which encircle the Mediterranean Sea. The remains of these frontiers have been studied by visitors and later by archaeologists for several centuries. Many of the inscriptions and sculptures, weapons, pottery and artefacts created and used by the soldiers and civilians who lived on the frontier can be seen in museums. Equally evocative of the lost might of Rome are the physical remains of the frontiers themselves. The aim of this series of books is not only to inform the interested visitor about the history of the frontiers but to act as a guidebook as well. The remains of the Roman frontiers in Wales are unique in the Roman Empire. Unlike the well-known defensive linear boundaries such as Hadrian’s Wall and the Antonine Wall in northern Britain, the forts and fortresses in Wales formed a dynamic offensive frontier designed to deal with the fierce natives. More than 60 stone and timber fortresses, forts and fortlets are known, some of which seem to have been occupied for only a few years, while others remained in use for far longer. They tell the story of the long and brutal war against the Celtic tribes and, after their final and complete victory, the army’s policy of ‘occupation-in-depth’ when up to 25,000 legionaries and auxiliaries were stationed in Wales. We hope the readers of this book will enjoy discovering the fascinating story of the Roman conquest of Wales almost 2,000 years ago.Trade Review'The book is excellently written and lavishly illustrated, which allows the authors to provide the reader with an accessible introduction to one of the less well-known Roman frontiers. As such, it is the book to buy for the newcomer to this forgotten frontier.' – Al McCluskey (2023): Current Archaeology Issue 394Table of ContentsFRONTIERS OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE ; Foreword by David J. Breeze and Peter Guest ; Common cultural heritage of the Roman empire ; The Roman Empire ; Frontiers and trade ; The “Frontiers of the Roman Empire” World Heritage Site ; The definition of a World Heritage Site ; The task ahead ; History and extent of frontiers ; Rome´s foreign policy ; The location of frontiers ; The army and frontiers ; The purpose of frontiers ; Soldiers and civilians ; Military administration ; Research on Roman frontiers ; Inscriptions and documents ; Survey and excavation ; Aerial survey ; Protection and presentation of frontiers ; Future perspectives ; THE ROMAN FRONTIERS IN WALES ; Nature of the Roman Frontiers in Wales ; History of Research in Wales ; The Roman Invasion of Britain ; The Native Tribes of Prehistoric Wales ; The Conquest and Pacification of Wales ; The Roman Frontiers in Wales ; Later History of Roman Wales ; The Legacy of Rome ; Where to see the Roman Frontiers in Wales ; Further reading for the Roman Frontiers in Wales ; Illustration acknowledgements

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Book SynopsisThe economic and political challenges along the maritime borders of the Roman Empire were multiple. The North Sea coasts were the focus of the attention of traders within the framework of commercial exchanges, of the General Staff preparing for the conquest of Britain under Claudius, and for the defence of the coastlines from the time that their protection became required. The design of a defensive system and the establishment of a supportive force followed a long path through five centuries, adapting to each development and changing strategy and evolving military installations. It had to face the threat of Saxon pirates, not to mention the use of the Roman fleet for political purposes as under Carausius. Military systems are complex because they rely upon the combination of various elements, ports, fleets – thus the famous Classis Britannica – forts protecting estuaries and watch-towers. This border represents a page in military maritime history, but its coasts, in Great Britain, the Netherlands, Belgium and France, contain archaeological sites of high heritage value that deserve a large audience.Table of ContentsFRONTIERS OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE ; Foreword by Raymond Brulet ; Common cultural heritage of the Roman Empire ; The Roman Empire ; Frontiers and trade ; The “Frontiers of the Roman Empire” World Heritage Site ; The definition of a World Heritage Site ; The task ahead ; History and extent of frontiers ; Rome´s foreign policy ; The location of frontiers ; The army and frontiers ; The purpose of frontiers ; Soldiers and civilians ; Military administration ; Research on Roman frontiers ; Inscriptions and documents ; Survey and excavation ; Aerial survey ; Protection and presentation of frontiers ; Future perspectives ; THE SAXON SHORE AND THE MARITIME COAST ; The Claudian invasion of Britain ; The Classis Britannica ; Coastal defence to the mid-3rd century ; The impact of increasing threat in the later 3rd century ; The developed British Shore Forts ; Carausius and the chronology of the British forts ; The Saxon Shore ; 4th-century fort life ; The end ; Afterlife

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Book SynopsisMoel-y-Gaer (Bodfari) is the northernmost of a series of hillforts atop the Clwydian hills in north-eastern Wales. Nine seasons of survey and excavation have revealed details of Moel-y-Gaer’s ramparts, entrances and interior. This small hillfort started with a single rampart, later to be enlarged on the western side with an extra rampart and ditch. The second phase rampart was constructed of dry-stone walling and increased in width at least once. It was shown to be very different in character to the earlier rampart. An early western entrance was no longer used in the later phase, which saw the construction of an inturned entrance to the north. There is little evidence for occupation within the enclosure although a single roundhouse was constructed facing the northern entrance. Radiocarbon dating establishes all the second phase activity within the Middle Iron Age with the first phase rampart being somewhat earlier. Discussion situates Moel-y-Gaer (Bodfari) within current understandings of the later prehistoric settlement record for north-eastern Wales paying particular attention to hillforts.Trade Review‘The book is organised into ten crafted sections that cover the context of the site, the results of the initial survey and excavation, followed by specialist reports. Beautifully illustrated, it provides the reader with a fascinating account of the fieldwork and post-excavation programmes. It is a must-buy for anyone interested in the archaeology of Iron Age Britain.’ – George Nash (2022): Current Archaeology Issue 392Table of ContentsIntroduction ; Survey – John Pouncett ; Excavation ; Environmental – Michael J. Allen and Alan J. Clapham ; Radiocarbon dating and chronological modelling – Derek Hamilton ; The Spindle whorls ; Discussion ; Conclusion ; Artists in residence ; Community involvement ; References

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Book SynopsisMegaliths of the World brings together the latest research on megalithic monuments throughout the world. Many of these sites are well known, others less familiar, yet equally deserving of close attention. Megalithic monuments in different regions of the world are far from being a single unified phenomenon, having varied chronologies, and diverse origins, but they all share a certain family resemblance through their common characteristic: the deployment of large stones. No fewer than 150 researchers have contributed 72 articles and inserts, providing a vital region-by region account of the megalithic monuments in their specialist areas, and the current state of knowledge.The insights offered in these volumes emphasize the particular character and significance of these apparently inanimate stones. The use of such large blocks must surely have been an expression of power or prestige, yet the size and materiality of the stones themselves opens up new perspectives into the me

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Book SynopsisObsidian Across the Americas draws attention to recent obsidian studies in the Americas and acts as a reference for archaeologists and scholars interested in material culture and exchange. Moreover, it provides a wide range of case studies in obsidian characterization, material application, and theoretical interpretations in the Americas. The limited geographic occurrence and relatively homogenous nature of obsidian have made the material ideal for archaeometric studies. Since Cann and Renfrew’s seminal paper in 1967 on the compositional analysis of obsidian in the Mediterranean, analytical techniques have improved, identification and characterization of sources have increased, and applications have broadened geographically and theoretically to address various socio-cultural activities and behaviours around the world. While many previous publications have focused on different aspects of obsidian characterization, this volume uniquely presents obsidian compositional studies from across the Americas that have relied on the instrumentation housed in the Elemental Analysis Facility at the Field Museum of Natural History. The case studies, which feature materials from North American, Mesoamerican, and South American geological sources, explore the ways in which obsidian analyses have been used to investigate interactions, socio-economic exchanges, and socio-cultural change at multiple scales in the past.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Chipping Away at the Past: An Introduction – Danielle J. Riebe and Gary M. Feinman ; Chapter 2. Extraordinary Claims Require Extraordinary Evidence: The Role of Inter-Laboratory Collaborations in a Lake Huron Archaeological Discovery – Danielle J. Riebe, Ashley K. Lemke, Jeffrey R. Ferguson, Alex J. Nyers, Elizabeth P. Sonnenburg, Brendan S. Nash, John M. O’Shea ; Chapter 3. A (Near) Comprehensive Chemical Characterization of Obsidian in the Field Museum Collections from the Hopewell Site, Ross County, Ohio – Mark Golitko, John V. Dudgeon, Claire Stanecki ; Chapter 4. Emergent Economic Networks in the American Southwest – Danielle J. Riebe, Gary M. Feinman, Jeffrey R. Ferguson ; Chapter 5. Changing Patterns of Obsidian Procurement in Highland Oaxaca, Mexico – Linda M. Nicholas, Gary M. Feinman, Mark Golitko ; Chapter 6. Instrument Source Attributions of Obsidian Artifacts from Tikal, Guatemala – Hattula Moholy-Nagy ; Chapter 7. Classic Maya Obsidian Blades: Sourced from Afar and Produced in the Local Marketplace – Bernadette Cap ; Chapter 8. Macroscale Shifts in Obsidian Procurement Networks Across Prehispanic Mesoamerica – Gary M. Feinman, Linda M. Nicholas, Mark Golitko ; Chapter 9. The Characterization of Small-Sized Obsidian Debitage Using P-XRF: A Case Study from Arequipa, Peru – David A. Reid, Patrick Ryan Williams, Kurt Rademaker, Nicholas Tripcevich, Michael D. Glascock ; Chapter 10. Obsidian Utilization in the Moquegua Valley through the Millennia – Patrick Ryan Williams, David A. Reid, Donna Nash, Sofia Chacaltana, Kirk Costion, Paul Goldstein, Nicola Sharratt ; Chapter 11. Concluding Thoughts: Open Networks, Economic Transfers, and Sourcing Obsidian – Gary M. Feinman and Danielle J. Riebe

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisVillas, Sanctuaries and Settlement in the Romano-British Countryside had its genesis in a conference held at the British Museum in 2009 and brings together a range of papers on buildings that have been categorised as ‘villas’, mainly in Roman Britain, from the Isle of Wight to Shropshire. It comprises the first such survey for almost half a century. While some of these structures were indeed country houses and the centres of agricultural estates as their designation as ‘villas’ implies, others are here shown to have been administrative or industrial centres, hunting lodges or religious sanctuaries, or a combination of more than one such function. The art associated with these prestige structures and its relevance to their function is also considered.Table of ContentsRoman villas in Britain and beyond – Martin Henig, Anthony King and Grahame Soffe ; Where, when and what for? Coin use in the Romano-British countryside – Philippa Walton ; Villa mosaics and archaeology – Patricia Witts ; The Roman villas of the Lower Nene Valley and the Praetorium at Castor – Stephen G. Upex ; Piddington, Northamptonshire: wealthy private farm or imperial property? – Roy and Diana Friendship-Taylor ; Whitley Grange villa, Shropshire: a hunting lodge and its landscape – Roger White ; Moor Park, Hertfordshire: two evaluations of an excavation of the 1950s – Victoria Leitch and Martin Biddle ; Great Witcombe, Gloucestershire: a reinterpretation of the site as a temple rather than a villa – Bryn Walters and David Rider ; Chedworth, Gloucestershire: a question of interpretation – Bryn Walters and David Rider ; Acroterial decoration and cantharus fountains – Anthony Beeson ; The stones with Chi-Rho inscriptions at Chedworth – Stephen R. Cosh ; The St Laurence School villa, Bradford on Avon, Wiltshire – Mark Corney ; Dinnington and Yarford: two villas in south and west Somerset – Anthony C. King, with a contribution by Christina Grande ; The Ashtead Roman villa and tileworks – David Bird ; Lullingstone Roman villa – Martin Henig and Grahame Soffe, with a contribution by Anthony King ; Clinging to Britannia’s hemline: continuity and discontinuity in villa estates, boundaries and historic land use on the islands of Vectis and Tanatis – David Tomalin ; Where did Sidonius Apollinaris live? – John Collis ; From Roman villa to medieval village at the Mola di Monte Gelato, Lazio, Italy – Anthony C. King ; Index

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Book SynopsisSystemizing the Past takes the reader to the fascinating world of Caucasian archaeology demonstrating the essential role of the region in shaping the prehistoric cultural landscape of the Ancient Near East. It is dedicated to Pavel Avetisyan, a leading modern Armenian archaeologist with wide international recognition, whose contributions are notable for their integration of present-day theoretical approaches, application of scientific methodology, and multidisciplinary research and stand out for their scientific value, raising Armenian archaeology to an international level. The volume touches on issues of special interest to Pavel Avetisyan, among them fieldwork reports, and various problems of prehistoric archaeology, from the early farming societies of the Neolithic/Chalcolithic periods to the complex societies of the Bronze and Iron Ages. Questions regarding the chronology and periodization of Armenian and Caucasian archaeological traditions; theoretical problems concerning the formation and development of complex societies in the Armenian Highland and the Caucasus, demonstrating the features typical to regional shifts within the common Near Eastern context; as well as various topics dealing with ceramic typology, burial rites, sacred landscapes, chronology and periodization, transformation of social environments and culture sequences, palaeodemography, ‘World-System’ theory and its main concepts (such as borderland, marginal zone, and frontier) are also considered in the volume. Various contributions dedicated to the fundamental archaeological problems of the region gradually shift the research perspective to meta-levels of understanding the past.Table of ContentsForeword ; ‘Axe-Bull’: An Iron-Age Iconic Anagram – Levon Abrahamian ; Armenian Standing Stones as an Object of Archaeological Study – Hayk Avetisyan, Artak Gnuni, Levon Mkrtchyan and Arsen Bobokhyan ; Neolithization of Armenia: General Trends and Patterns of Development – Ruben Badalyan and Armine Harutyunyan ; Groups of Three Deities in Middle and Neo-Assyrian Times – Felix Blocher ; Water Management in Ancient Armenia: Problems and Perspectives – Tork Dalalyan, Roman Hovsepyan, Levon Abrahamian, Arsen Bobokhyan and Boris Gasparyan ; The Archaeological Site of Garni, Armenia. Pre-Arsacid Archaeological Evidence and an Urartian Inscription of Argišti on a Vishap – Roberto Dan, Arsen Bobokhyan, Onofrio Gasparro, Boris Gasparyan, Artur Petrosyan and Mirjo Salvini ; The Kurtan Belt – Ruben Davtyan and Michael Herles ; Achaemenid Habitats in Beniamin II (Shirak, Armenia) from the End of the 6th Century BC to the End of the 4th Century BC – Stéphane Deschamps, François Fichet de Clairfontaine and Felix Ter-Martirossov† ; New Findings on Urartian Rock-Cut Tomb in Mazgirt/Kaleköy Fortress – Serkan Erdoğan ; Dalarik-1: A New Lower Paleolithic Cave Site in the Republic of Armenia – Boris Gasparyan, Artur Petrosyan, Phil Glauberman, Ani Adigyozalyan, Hayk Haydosyan, Soseh Aghaian, Makoto Arimura, Ellery Frahm, Samvel Nahapetyan, Dmitri Arakelyan, Jennifer Sherriff, Teo Karampaglidis, Masha Krakovsky and Ariel Malinsky-Buller ; The Tušpa Mound Columned Hall – Bülent Genç and Erkan Konyar ; Climate Change and the Transition from the Early to the Middle Bronze Age in the Armenian Highland – Yervand Grekyan ; A Prehistoric Aggregated Cell Structure at 2850 m asl on Mount Aragats, Armenia – Pavol Hnila, Alessandra Gilibert and Arsen Bobokhyan ; Ceramic Technology at the Kura-Araxes I and II Site of Khizanaant Gora, Shida Kartli, Georgia – Mark Iserlis and Raphael Greenberg ; Inscribed and Seal-Impressed Clay Finds from the Urartian Fortress of Çavuştepe – Kenan Işık and Rıfat Kuvanç ; Iron Age Pottery from Metsamor. New Observations Based on Assemblage Discovered in 2019 Season – Mateusz Iskra and Tigran Zakyan ; Urartian Priestesses, How Important They Were? Some Observations of the Iconographic Features – Krzysztof Jakubiak ; Getahovit - 2 Cave in the Middle Ages – Irena Kalantaryan and Astghik Babajanyan ; Shaft Hole Axes of Stone and Metal from the Checon Settlement of the Maikop-Novosvobodnaya Community – Sergey N. Korenevsky and Aleksandr I. Yudin ; Hatti and Išuwa: Anatolians in the Upper Euphrates Valley – Aram Kosyan ; The Fortress of Aramus in the Early Iron Age – Walter Kuntner, Sandra Heinsch and Hayk Avetisyan ; Woven Traces: Notes from the 2017 and 2018 Excavation Seasons at Masis Blur – Kristine Martirosyan-Olshansky and Alan Farahani ; New Evidence from the Necropolis of Karashamb: Excavations of the Tomb no. 444 – Varduhi Melikyan and Artak Hakhverdyan ; Who were the Caucasian Owners of the Mitannian Cylinder Seals? – Goderdzi Narimanishvil and Nino Shanshashvili ; Archaeological Prospection in the Ararat Valley – Drilling into the History of Ancient Artaxata, Armenia – Nikolaas Noorda, Achim Lichtenberger, Cornelius Meyer, Torben Schreiber and Mkrtich Zardaryan ; A Middle and Late Bronze Age Settlement in Armenia: The Aggregated Cells of Arteni – Bérengère Perello, Christine Chataigner, Olivier Barge, Irena Kalantaryan, Karen Azatyan, Roman Hovsepyan and Aurélien Creuzieux ; ‘Axe-Bull’ – Order of the Thunder God – Armen Y. Petrosyan ; Overlooking the River Hrazdan Valley: The Fortified Site of Tghit in the Tsaghkunyats Mountains, Kotayk Region, Armenia – Artur Petrosyan, Roberto Dan, Priscilla Vitolo, Onofrio Gasparro and Boris Gasparyan ; From Landjik to Dvin: Armenian Evidence of Decapitation from Prehistory to the Mediaeval Era – Daniel Thomas Potts ; Reconstructing the Lifeways of the Kura-Araxes – Mitchell S Rothman ; Middle Bronze Age Ceramics in Macro and Micro Perspectives – Karen S. Rubinson ; Monitoring Heritage At Risk: Caucasus Heritage Watch and the Armenian Monuments of Nagorno-Karabakh – Adam T. Smith, Lori Khatchadourian and Ian Lindsay ; Tigran the Great and Mithradates Eupator: Two Parallel Kings of Kings? – Giusto Traina ; Modelling of Bronze and Iron Age Monuments at the Northwestern Slopes of Mount Aragats based on a Case Study of Lernakert – Benik Vardanyan and Levon Mkrtchyan ; The Early Medieval Complex of Agarak – Nora Yengibaryan and Lilit Ter-Minasyan ; Women in Urartian Rituals – Nora Yengibaryan

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