Zoology and animal sciences Books

Book SynopsisThis text book on Physiology of Animals is intended to be useful for elementary animal physiology course in colleges of agriculture, zoology, veterinary and animal sciences. In all s, the aim has been to present a clear and concise account of the functioning of various systems of domestic animals. Where appropriate, examples from human and non domestic animals such as rat and rabbit have been cited. Physiology has now grown into a vast discipline. The book covers and explains the following deeply: o Nature and Scope of Physiology o Body Fluids: Water, Electrolyte and Acid Base Balance o Respiration o Blood o Circulatory System o Structure & Functions of the Kidney o Rumen Function o Digestion & Metabolism o Vitamins and Minerals o Endocrine Glands and Their Secretions o Reproduction in the Male o Female Reproduction o Lactation o Nervous System o Bone, Skin and Special Senses o Physiology of Temperature RegulationTable of Contents01: Nature and Scope of Physiology 02: Body Fluids: Water, Electrolyte and Acid Base Balance 03: Respiration 04: Blood 05: Circulatory System 06: Structure & Functions of the Kidney 07: Rumen Function 08: Digestion & Metabolism 09: Vitamins and Minerals 10: Endocrine Glands and Their Secretions 11: Reproduction in the Male 12: Female Reproduction 13: Lactation 14: Nervous System 15: Bone, Skin and Special Senses 16: Physiology of Temperature Regulation

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Book SynopsisThe book is written in a very simple and lucid manner so that everybody can read and easily understand it properly. It contains two sections: viral diseases and bacterial diseases with lot of recent references. book will provide detailed and up to date information of all the zoonotic diseases of bacterial and viral origins affecting human and animal health globally. Finally, all can enrich their knowledge on zoonotic diseases from the book and can clarify any doubts and concepts very easily and confidently. The book is useful for scientists, teachers, students, officers, diagnosticians, laboratory technicians, public health professionals and medical personnel associated directly or indirectly with research, teaching, training, extension, diagnosis, epidemiology and control of zoonotic and food borne diseases.Table of ContentsA: Viral Diseases: 01. Rabies 02. Avian Influenza or Birdflu 03. Swine Influenza or Swineflu 04. Dengue 05. Chikungunya 06. Japanese Encephalitis 07. Hendra 08. Nipah Virus Infections in Humans and Pigs 09. Hantavirus Infections 10. Marburg and Ebola Virus Disease B: Bacterial Diseases: 11. Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) 12. Anthrax 13. Tuberculosis 14. Brucellosis 15. Colibacillosis 16. Glanders 17. Leptospirosis 18. Listeriosis 19. Salmonellosis (Paratyphoid) 20. Tetanus (Lock jaw) 21. Q fever

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Book SynopsisThis book attempts to describe applied breeding methods for different domestic animal species as currently implemented. In this book, brief history of population genetics, domestication of livestock species, classification of breeds, economic characteristics of different livestock species & poultry and their importance, basic statistics, qualitative and quantitative inheritance, gene and genotype frequency and factors influencing gene frequency, values and means of population, methods of estimation and uses of heritability and repeatability, correlations, selection, response to selection, basis of selection, progeny testing, open nucleus breeding system, sire evaluation, methods of selection, breeding or mating systems, heterosis or hybrid vigor definitions and current livestock and poultry breeding programmes have been discussed in different s. The subject matter has been dealt with in a logical sequence so that the reader is conveyed from simple to more complex interpretation with relative ease. It is felt that the reader which are likely to comprise mostly of graduate and post graduate student of animal breeding and researcher will be able to get a deeper insight and better perceptions into the realm of the dynamic science of animal breeding.Table of Contents01 Brief History of Population Genetics 02 Domestication of Livestock Species 03 Classification of Livestock Breeds 04 Economic Characters of Livestock and Poultry 05 Basic Statistics 06 Qualitative and Quantitative Inheritance 07 Gene and Genotype Frequency and Factors Influencing Gene Frequency 08 Variation and Measurements 09 Values and Means of Population 10 Heritability - Methods of Estimation and Use 11 Correlations 12 Selection - Natural Vs Artificial Selection 13 Response to Selection 14 Basis of Selection15 Methods of Selection 16 Open Nucleus Breeding System 17 Methods of Sire Evaluation 18 Breeding or Mating Systems 19 Heterosis or Hybrid Vigor 20 Selection of Dairy Cattle & Buffaloes 21 Current Livestock and Poultry Breeding Programmes 22 Conservation of Genetic Resources in India

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Book SynopsisFeed additives are non-nutritive substances, preparations and micro-organisms that are added to feed to animal feeds to improve growth performance, feed intake and the efficiency of feed utilization for healthy, economic and eco-friendly livestock production. This book on Advances in Animal Feed Additives addresses current information on the use of different animal feed additives with regard to production, health and reproduction of livestock and poultry. This book contains twenty five s contributed by 30 eminent scientists of animal nutrition, which highlights the significance of antioxidants, enzymes, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, antimicrobials, organic acids, coccidiostats, mycotoxin binders, immunomodulator, hen egg antibody, hormones, beta agonist, methane inhibitors, defaunating agents, essential oil and herbal feed additives. etc. for sustainable livestock and poultry production. Each of the book attempts at providing clear and updated information on feed additives supported with good amount of the experimental evidence and references which will enable the students and research workers to obtain information quickly when necessary. The book is useful to students of animal sciences, teachers and scientists of animal nutrition discipline, personnel of feed industry, field veterinarians, animal husbandry extension workers and progressive animal farmers.Table of Contents1. An Overview of Feed Additives by Pankaj Kumar Singh 2. Role of Enzymes as Feed Additives in Poultry Production by B. K. Swain 3. Scope of the use of Antioxidants in Poultry Production by A. K. Panda 4. Role of Probiotics in Poultry Production by Pankaj Kumar Singh and Chandramoni 5. Application of Prebiotics in Poultry Production by Pankaj Kumar Singh, Kaushalendra Kumar, Chandramoni and Sanjay Kumar 6. Significance of Synbiotic in Animal Production by Kamdev Sethy 7. Use of Dietary Organic Acids in Poultry Production by Pankaj Kumar Singh, Sanjay Kumar , Chandramoni and Kaushalendra Kumar 8. Significance of Antibiotic Growth Promoters in Animal Feeds by Pankaj Kumar Singh, Kaushal Kumar, Pankaj Kumar and Avinash Kumar 9. Uses of Ionophore Antibiotics in Livestock as Feed Additive by S. Shekhar, S.K. Shukla and S.B. Shudhakar 10. Immunomodulators as Feed Additives by Indranil Samanta 11. Hen Egg Antibody as a Food Additive for Oral Immunotherapy by Rajni Kumari, Sanjay Kumar, Shanker Dayal, S.V. Lal, Kaushalendra Kumar and A.K Srivastava 12. Use of Coccidiostats for Sustainable Poultry Production by Rinesh Kumar and Suman Kumar 13. Bioactive Phytochemicals as Modifiers of Rumen Fermentation by Amlan K. Patra 14. Methane Inhibitors: Trends in Manipulation of Rumen Fermentation by Kaushalendra Kumar, Sanjay Kumar and Rajni Kumari 15. Probiotics for Ruminants by Ravindra Kumar 16. Scope of Propionic Acid Producing Bacteria as Feed Additive in Ruminants by Haidar Ali Ahmed, S. K. Sirohi and A. M. Ganai 17. Impact of Defaunating Agents on Ruminant Production by Kaushalendra Kumar, Pankaj Kumar Singh and Kamdev Sethy 18. Utilization of Exogenous Enzymes in Ruminant Feeding by Ravindra Kumar and Shalini Vaswani 19. Metabolic Modifiers for Quality Meat Productionby Avijit Dey 20. Hormones as Feed Additive for Livestock by Papori Talukdar and Goutam Mondal 21. Implications on the use of Beta Agonists in Animal Feeding by Nirbhay Kumar and Rashmi Ranjan 22. Recent Advances in Feed Additives for Sustainable Fish Production by Ashutosh Mishra 23. Essential Oils as Feed Additives for Livestock and Poultry by Sanjay Kumar, Rajni Kumari, Kaushalendra Kumar and A.K Srivastava 24. Phytogenic Feed Additives by Pankaj Kumar Singh, A.K. Srivastava, Sanjay Kumar and Rajni Kumari 25. Mycotoxin Binders as Feed Additive for Livestock and Poultryby M. T. Banday and Pankaj Kumar Singh

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Book SynopsisThis volume celebrates the contributions of Dr. Eugene Gaffney to the study of turtles, through a diverse and complementary collection of papers that showcases the latest research on one of the most intriguing groups of reptiles. A mix of focused and review papers deals with numerous aspects of the evolutionary history of turtles, including embryonic development, origins, early diversification, phylogenetic relationships, and biogeography. Moreover it includes reports on important but poorly understood fossil turtle assemblages, provides historical perspectives on turtle research, and documents disease and variation in turtles. With its broad scope, which includes descriptions of material and new taxa from Australia, Asia, and Europe, as well as North and South America, this work will be an essential resource for anyone interested in the morphology and evolution of turtles. “This volume’s breadth of time, geography, and taxonomic coverage makes it a major contribution to the field and a ‘must have’ for all vertebrate paleontologists.”, James F. Parham, California State University, CA, USA “A comprehensive and sweeping overview of turtle evolution by the top experts in the field that will interest everyone curious about these unique reptiles.” Jason S. Anderson, University of Calgary, Canada “An invaluable addition to the literature that covers the full spectrum of approaches toward understanding the evolution of these noble creatures.” Ann C. Burke, Wesleyan University, CT , USA “A truly comprehensive volume that both the student of fossil turtles, as well as the general reader interested in these enigmatic creatures, will find fascinating.” Tyler Lyson, Yale University, CT, USA​Trade ReviewFrom the reviews:“This book describes the latest research on fossil turtles and thus is a substantial addition to the field of vertebrate paleontology. … this work will be an essential resource for all global researchers interested in the morphology and evolution of reptiles, including the most intriguing of them, the turtles. … will be very useful to students, researchers, and scientists in the field of paleontology and biology.” (Rituparna Bose, Priscum, Vol. 21 (1), 2014)“This massive volume will be a landmark in the study of turtles. … This is a rich resource with many photographs and illustrations and information on the contributions of many earlier students of turtles. It is essentially a book for specialists in turtle anatomy and evolution, but some of the more broadly focused chapters will be of use to many professionals in paleontology and biology, and advanced students in those areas. Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and above.” (D. Bardack, Choice, Vol. 50 (6), February, 2013).Table of ContentsPart I. Perspectives on the Life and Accomplishments of Eugene S. Gaffney.- Part II. The Origin of Turtles.- Part III. The Early Diversification of Turtles.- Part IV. Pleurodire Diversity and Biogeography.- Part V. Diversity, Biogeography, and Paleobiology of Late Cretaceous and Tertiary Turtles.- Part VI. Pathologies, Anomalies, and Variation in Turtle Skeletons. ​

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Book SynopsisBacteria adhere to and colonize almost any surface. Within minutes after sub­ merging a solid object in seawater or freshwater, the surface becomes colonized by adherent micro-organisms, and the earliest organisms to adhere are bacteria. Adherent colonies of bacteria have also been observed on particles of sand, soil, other bacteria, plant tissues, and a variety of animal tissues. Shortly after birth, the skin and the mucosal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract and the gastro­ intestinal tract of animals and man become heavily colonized by a variety of adherent bacteria which persist in varying numbers as indigenous parasites. The apparent symbiotic balance between the host and his indigenous parasites oc­ casionally is upset by the invasion of harmful bacteria which adhere to and colonize these surfaces. Pathogenic bacteria may also adhere to and colonize normally sterile surfaces such as the mucosa of the genito-urinary tract and the lower respiratory tract, and occasionally even endothelial surfaces of the cardiovascular system, resulting in the development of serious infectious diseases. Although marine microbiologists have been aware for a long time that bacteria must stick to surfaces in order to avoid being swept away by moving streams of water, not until recently has it been widely recognized that adherence must be an important ecological determinant in the colonization of specific sites in plants and animals, and in particular an important early event in the pathogenesis of bacterial infections in animals and man. It is true that Dr G.Table of Contents1 General Concepts and Principles of Bacterial Adherence in Animals and Man.- 2 Adherence of Normal Flora to Mucosal Surfaces.- 3 Bacterial Adherence and the Formation of Dental Plaques.- 4 Mechanisms of Adherence of Streptococcus mutans to Smooth Surfaces in vitro.- 5 Structure and Cell Membrane-Binding Properties of Bacterial Lipoteichoic Acids and their Possible Role in Adhesion of Streptococci to Eukaryotic Cells.- 6 Attachment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to Respiratory Epithelium.- 7 Adhesive Properties of Enterobacteriaceae.- 8 The Adhesive Properties of Vibrio cholerae and other Vibrio Species.- 9 Adherence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and other Neisseria Species to Mammalian Cells.- 10 Structure and Cell Membrane-Binding Properties of Bacterial Fimbriae.- 11 Adherence of Marine Micro-organisms to Smooth Surfaces.- 12 Microbial Adherence in Plants.- 13 Cell Recognition Systems in Eukaryotic Cells.- 14 Prospects for Preventing the Association of Harmful Bacteria with Host Mucosal Surfaces.

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Book SynopsisThe transport of farm livestock was the subject of the seminar held from 7 - 8 July 1981 at the Commission of the European Communities (CECl, Directorate General for Agriculture, Brussels as part of the work of the Division Coordinating Agricultural Research. The aims of the seminar were to examine the knowledge available on how the physiology and behaviour of animals may change during transport; to consider the significance of these changes in relation to welfare and economics and to assess those actions which as experimental projects or observational studies might be proposed to fill the most important gaps in our knowledge of the welfare of farm animals during transport. A number of conclusions can be drawn from the proceedings: 1. Much knowledge is available from both scientific observations and practical experience which could be used to improve the transport of livestock. Methods of loading, the construction of vehicles, ships, crates and aircraft could benefit from the application of existing knowledge. It is less clear whether it is best to concentrate on disseminating existing knowledge by education and advice or to contemplate more regulations. 2. Losses by down-grading at slaughter can largely be attributed to the ways in which animals are transported and handled.Table of ContentsSession I: Introduction.- Council of Europe Convention on Transport of Livestock, EC Council Directive on Protection of Animals during International Transport.- Discussion.- The Office of International Epizootics (OIE) and the International Air Transport Association (IATA).- Discussion.- Session II: Physiological Changes Induced in Animals at Loading, during and after Transport and Their Effects: Including Behavioural Changes.- Handling of Slaughter Pigs Prior to Loading and during Loading on a Lorry.- Discussion.- Transport of Broilers.- Discussion.- Injuries during Catching and Transportation of Broilers.- Discussion.- Various Transport Conditions and Their Influence on Physiological Reactions.- Discussion.- Physiology of the Transport of Cattle.- Discussion.- Physiological Response of Pigs to Treadmill Exercise Used as a Standardised Stress.- Discussion.- Behaviour of Cattle during Transport and Penning Before Slaughter.- Discussion.- Session III: Significance of These Changes and Effects in Relation to Health and Well-Being.- Losses Caused by Transport of Slaughter Pigs in the Netherlands.- Discussion.- Recent Results from Investigations of Transportation of Pigs for Slaughter.- Discussion.- Physiological Reaction of Slaughter Animals during Transport.- Discussion.- Session IV: Means of Transport, with Particular Reference to Their Construction.- Transport of Day Old Chicks by Air.- Discussion.- Bulk Transportation of Farm Animals by Air and Vehicular Ferries.- Transportation of Sheep by Ship from Australia to the Middle East.- Discussion.- Bulk Transport of Livestock by Sea with Particular Reference to Instruction, Procedure and Problems.- Discussion.- Session V: Present Research Being Undertaken and Consideration of What Further Studies, If Any, would be Desirable.- Transport of Animals Intended for Breeding Production and Slaughter.- Discussion.- Research on Transport Stress at Arc Bristol.- Discussion.- Research on Farm Animal Transport in France: A Survey.- Discussion.- Final Discussion.- List of Participants.

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Book SynopsisThe welfare of domestic poultry. particularly those kept under intensive housing conditions is a subject ~n which many. often divergent and conflicting views. are held. This divergence, may be the result either of insufficient knowledge of the facts of particular poultry husbandry systems or a differing interpretation of those facts. With regard to poultry and the laying hen in particular. there is a need to gather together a basic knowledge of avian behaviour in all the circumstances and systems of husbandry under which birds are presently being kept. That knowledge should lead to the development of interpretative and hopefully predictive theories which in turn will allow us to meet the recommendations of Article 3 of the Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Animals Kept for Farming Purposes: 'that animals shall be housed, provided with food. water and care in a manner which - having regard to their species and to their degree of development. adaptation and domestication - is appropriate to their physiological and ethological needs in accordance with established experience and scientific knowledge'. In furtherance of those objectives a small group of specialists in poultry physiology and ethology. both from within and outside the European Community met by invitation of the Commission in Luxembourg between 11 and 13 March 1980. Their objective was to discuss what is already known. and can be agreed on. of the normal physiology and ethological range of the laying hen.Table of ContentsOpening Remarks.- Session I Current Knowledge of “Normal” Range of Behaviour and Physiology.- The Ethogram of the Domesticated Hen.- Discussion.- To Adapt the Environment to the Bird or the Bird to the Environment ?.- Discussion.- Some Considerations Regarding Optimum Environmental Conditions for Laying Hens in Cage Management.- Discussion.- Corticosteroids in Laying Hens.- Discussion.- Summary and Discussion.- Session II Behavioural and Physiological Needs.- The Regulation of Dustbathing and Other Behaviour Patterns in the Laying Hen: A Lorenzian Approach.- Discussion.- Essential Behavioural Needs.- Discussion.- The Assessment of Behavioural Needs.- Discussion.- Essential Behavioural Needs: The Mixed Motivation Approach.- Discussion.- Summary and Discussion.- Session III Measurement of Essential and Behavioural Needs as Provided by the Present Husbandry Systems.- Measurement of Essential and Behavioural Needs as Provided by Present Husbandry Systems: Battery, ‘Get-Away’ Cage, Aviary.- Discussion.- Putting Science into Practice.- Discussion.- The Pre-Laying Behaviour of Laying Hens in Cages with and Without Laying Nests.- Discussion.- Some System Definitions and Characteristics.- Discussion.- Moulting in the Domestic Hen (Gallus domesticus) and Its Use and Effect.- Discussion.- Cages: How Could They be Improved?.- Discussion.- Final Discussion.- Summary.- Closing Remarks.- List of Participants.

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Book SynopsisThis pUblication contains the proceedings of a Seminar held in Galway, Ireland on September 27 - 30, 1977 under the asupices of the Commission of the European Communities, as part of the EEC programme of co-ordination of research on beef production. The programme was drawn up by a scientific working group on PHYSIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION on behalf of the beef production committee. The working group comprised: Or. J.M. Sreenan (Chairman), Ireland; Mr. L.E.A. Rowson, United Kingdom; Professor C. Thibault, France; Or. B. Hoffman, Germany (Fed. Rep.); Professor L. Henriet, Belgium; Or. F. du Mesnil du Buisson, France; Or. J. Riemensberger, Germany (Fed. Rep.); Dr. P. Mauleon, France; and, in the planning of the seminar, they were joined by Mr. P. L'Hermite, CEC and Or. J.C. Tayler (temporarily seconded to the CEC, 1975). The subject chosen for this seminar was drawn from the list of prior- ities in research objectives drawn up in 1973 by members of a committee (now the Standing Committee on Agricultural Research, CPRA) given in Appendix 1. One of the functions of this series of seminars was to summarise and update the information available on the selected subjects and to discuss future needs for research, so as to assist the Commission in evaluating the probable im- pact of research on agricultural production within the community.Table of ContentsSession 1: Follicular Growth and Ovulation.- Session 1a: Normal physiological processes.- Some observations on the development and function of ovarian follicles.- Oogenesis and follicular growth in the cow: implications for superovulation.- Session 1b: Nature of PMSG.- The biology of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG).- Relationship of PMSG to the pituitary gonadotrophins.- The production and standardisation of PMSG.- Discussion.- Session 1c: Superovulation studies.- Some studies on pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) and on endocrine responses after application for superovulation in cattle.- Ovarian responses in relation to endocrine status following PMSG stimulation in the cow.- Superovulation of cattle with PMSG and FSH.- Relationships between ovarian stimulation by PMSG and steroid secretion.- Factors affecting the variability of ovulation rates after PMSG stimulation.- Preliminary studies on the HCG binding properties of bovine granulosa cells.- Discussion.- Session 2: Ovum Recovery and Transfer.- Methods of ovum recovery and factors affecting fertilisation of superovu-lated bovine ova.- Recovery and transfer of embryos by non-surgical procedures in lactating dairy cattle.- The non-surgical recovery and transfer of bovine embryos.- Non-surgical recovery of bovine embryos under farm conditions.- Discussion.- Cervical embryo transfer at different stages in cattle.- Cattle twinning by non-surgical egg transfer.- Survival of cultured and transported bovine embryos following surgical and non-surgical transfers.- Practical application of non-surgical collection of bovine embryos in Danish pedigree cattle.- Discussion.- Session 3: Manipulation of Ova In Vitro.- Culture of mammalian ova.- Attempts to predict the viability of cattle embryos produced by superovulation.- In vitro exchange between the follicle and its culture medium.- In vitro storage of cattle embryos.- Deep freezing of bovine embryos - A field trial.- Embryo sexing with particular reference to cattle.- Manipulation of eggs in vitro — Attempt at long-term storage of oocytes at low temperatures without freezing.- Discussion.- Session 4: Oestrous Cycle Control and Fertility.- Management factors in oestrous cycle control.- Oestrous cycle control and fertility in beef cattle following short-term progestagen treatments.- Factors involved in oestrous cycle control in the bovine.- Modifying factors of fertility after different oestrous control treatments in beef cattle.- Improvement of the oestrous control in adult dairy cows.- Fertility control in cattle by determining progesterone in milk and milk-fat.- Use of progesterone concentrations in peripheral plasma or milk in cattle herd management.- Oestrous cycle control by means of prostaglandins and the progesterone levels in milk in dairy cattle.- Discussion.- Session 5: Discussion on Conference and Consideration of Future Research Requirements.- Discussion.- List of participants.

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Book SynopsisThis publication contains the proceedings of a seminar held in Ghent, Belgium on October 11th-13th 1977, under the auspices of the Commission of the European Communities, as part of the EEC programme of co-ordination of research on beef production. The seminar was initiated by the scientific working group on 'Carcass and Meat Quality' and attracted the interest of the working groups on 'Genetics and Selection' and on 'Nutrition and Management'. Consequently it developed into a multi-disciplinary programme, organised under the responsibility of the working group on Carcass and Meat Quality. This group comprised Ir. H. de Boer (Chairman), Netherlands; Prof. R. Boccard, France; Dr D.E. Hood, Ireland; Dr R.W. Pomeroy, UK; Dr A. Romita, Italy; Professor Dr L. Sch~n, Fed. Rep. of Germany; Mr P. L'Hermite, CEC; and Dr J.C. Tayler, UK (adviser to the CEC). In view of the broad scope of the subject, a special plan­ ning meeting was organised, involvi.ng experts from the different disciplines involved. The additional participants were: Dr B. Bech Andersen, Denmarkj Dr A.J.H. van Es, Netherlands; Prof. Dr J. Martin, Belgium; Dr. St.C.S. Taylor, UK. The multidisciplinary scope of this ~eminar follows a series of seminars in 1975-76 on more specific aspects of beef production research in the individual fields involved. It seems logical that further seminars should integrate the approaches by different disciplin~s in order to achieve a balanced programme of research on the very complex topic of beef production.Table of ContentsSection 1 : Patterns of Growth and Development of Bone, Muscle and Fatty Tissue.- Historical and general review of growth and development.- Bovine compositional interrelationships.- Dressing percentage in relation to weight, sex and breed.- Development with age of the anatomical composition of the carcass of bulls.- Biochemistry of muscle in relation to growth.- Development of connective tissue and its characteristics.- Sources of variation in muscle weight distribution.- Variation and impact of muscle thickness.- Bone growth and development with particular reference to breed differences in carcass shape and lean to bone ratio.- A note on conformation and meat characteristics in beef carcasses.- Meat amino acid composition of calves and steers slaughtered between 200 kg and 500 kg live weight.- Myorheological, chemical and colour characteristics of meat in water buffalo and bovine calves slaughtered at 20, 28 and 36 weeks.- Assessment of changes in myofibre size in muscle.- Partition and distribution of fatty tissues.- Factors affecting the fatty acid composition of depot fats of cattle and other ruminants.- The development of adipose tissue in cattle.- The development of fat cells in different anatomical positions in carcasses of young bulls, heifers and cow-heifers.- Fatty acid composition of fat in water buffalo calves and bovine calves slaughtered at 20–28 and 36 weeks of age.- Effect of Finnish landrace and Galway breeds on carcass composition, fat distribution and fatty acid composition of different fat depots in lambs.- Discussion.- Section 2: Growth and Nutritional Efficiency and the Effects of Genotype, Sex, Hormones and their Interactions.- Biological models of quantifying growth and efficiency.- Some neuroendocrine aspects of growth.- Anabolic agents in beef production: their action as growth promoters.- Nutritional efficiency of protein and fat deposition.- Feed efficiency and genotype-nutrition interactions in growing animals, particularly in cattle for beef production.- Effect of energy level on growth and efficiency.- Influence of nutrition on the growth pattern of fattening bulls of two different breeds (Friesian and Simmental).- Influence of nutrition on body composition and carcass quality of fattening bulls of different breeds (German Friesian and Simmental).- Nitrogen utilisation of young fattening bulls kept on two different energy levels.- Genetic variations in growth and body composition of male cattle.- Effect of breed and interaction with nutrition.- Effect of siregroup within breeds on growth and efficiency and interaction with nutrition.- Efficiency of lean meat production by dairy steers.- Multibreed comparisons of body weight and food intake in cattle.- Influence of age, nutrient intake and body type on weight gain and body composition in young fattening bulls of the breeds German Schwarzbunte and German Fleckvieh.- Carcass composition of different breeds.- Growth rates and carcass composition of water buffalo calves and bovine calves slaughtered at 20, 28 and 36 weeks.- Discussion.- Section 3: Possibilities for the Improvement of Beef Production in Relation to the Customer’s Requirements.- Possibilities for fulfilling trade and consumer requirements for meat quality in present and future beef production systems.- Targets for beef production in relation to market and consumer requirements.- Eating quality of buffalo and bovine calves slaughtered at 20-28 and 36 weeks of age.- Discussion.- Section 4: Methods of Quantifying Growth and Development.- Methods of quantifying growth and development: general review.- A survey of allometric analysis.- Growth curves: their nature, uses and estimation.- Nutritional models of growth.- Quantifying breed difference in shape.- An approach to the comparison of growth curves of Dutch Friesian, British Friesian and Holstein Friesian cows.- The relationship between growth curve parameters and carcass composition.- Discussion.- Section 5: Summary and Needs for Future Research.- Recapitulation and Outline for the Future.- General discussion.- Final considerations.- Closing remarks.- List of participants.

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Book Synopsisremnants of gene pools of these species. Badghyz Natural Reserve, established in 1941, became a refuge for the last existing population of the Turkmen onager (Equus hemionus onager) and a unique pistachio woodland. A new generation oflocal Turkmen scientists, many of whom were trained by the Russian researchers in the graduate schools of Moscow and Leningrad arose from the 1930s through the 1950s. The Turkmen Academy of Sciences and its journal, Proceedings (including the monthly biological series), served to record the results of diverse biological studies in the republic. While basic science in the Middle Asian republics rather gained from the Russian "colonial" influence, natural resources, in contrast, were severely damaged by the Soviet way of handling the economy and social issues. Severe environmental problems have been inherited by the now independent Turkmenistan, including overgrazed desert pastures, deforested mountains, depleted water resources, accumulated pesticides in cotton fields, declining populations of endangered species of animals and plants, and - worst of al- progressing, human-caused desertification (Kharin this volume). In order to approach a solution to these problems, scientists and officials in the republic will need the close attention and help of the international scientific community.Trade Review`... the work ... occupies a unique place in science. It offers, for the first time, a thorough glimpse into a fascinating and important region. The editors and authors should be congratulated on their monumental effort. Further, the book is well edited, and includes many interesting plates. It deserves a place in most research libraries and on the shelves of all who consider themselves to be desert scholars or who are interested in the Middle East.' Journal of Arid Environments, 33 (1996)Table of Contents1. Introduction: One Hundred Years of Natural History in Turkmenistan; V. Fet. 2. Landscapes of Turkmenistan; A.G. Babaev. 3. Climate of Turkmenistan; N.S. Orlovsky. 4. Paleogeography of Turkmenistan; K.I. Atamuradov. 5. Desertification of the Arid Lands of Turkmenistan; N.G. Kharin. 6. Vegetation of the Deserts of Turkmenistan; I.G. Rustamov. 7. Flora of Kopetdagh; D. Kurbanov. 8. Kopetdagh-Khorassan Flora: Regional Features of Central Kopetdagh; G.L. Kamakhina. 9. Vegetation of Southwest Kopetdagh; G.N. Fet. 10. Trees, Shrubs, and Semishrubs in the Mountains of Turkmenistan; K.P. Popov. 11. Ecosystem Structure of Subtropical Arid Pistachio Woodlands in Southern Turkmenistan; R.I. Zlotin. 12. Biogeographic Position of Khorassan-Kopetdagh; V. Fet. 13. Vertebrates in the Red Data Book of Turkmenistan; A.K. Rustamov, O. Sopyev. 14. Ecology of the Bearded Goat (Capra aegargus Ersleben, 1777) in Turkmenistan; V.M. Korshunov. 15. Ecology of Birds in the Karakum Desert; A.K. Rustamov. 16. Ecological Structure of Bird Population in the Transcaspian Region: Cartographic Analysis and Problems of Conservation; E.A. Rustamov. 17. Kidney Structure and its Role in Osmoregulation in Desert Birds; M.A. Amanova. 18. On the Evolution of the Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus L.) in Middle Asia; A.V. Solokha. 19. Zoogeographic Analysis of Reptiles of Turkmenistan; N.N. Shcherbak. 20. Reptiles of Kopetdagh; Ch. Ataev, A.K. Rustamov, S. Shammakov. 21. Geographic Variability of Phrynocephalus rossikowi Nik. (Reptilia: Agamidae) in Turkmenistan and Adjacent Regions; M.L. Golubev, V.V. Manilo, A.A. Tokar. 22. Formation of Fish Populations in the Artificial Water Bodies of Turkmenistan (the Amudarya River Drainage; V.B. Salnikov. 23. Arthropods Inhabiting Rodent Burrows in the Karakum Desert; V.A. Krivokhatsky. 24. Zoogeography of Coleoptera in Turkmenistan; O.L. Kryzhanovsky, K.I. Atamuradov. 25. Zoogeography and Ecology of Buprestids (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) from Kopetdagh and the Adjacent Regions of Southern Turkmenistan; M.G. Volkovich, A.V. Alexeev. 26. Fauna, Zoogeography, and Ecology of Orthoptera of Turkmenistan; T. Tokgaev. 27. Encyrtid Wasps of Turkmenistan (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae); S.N. Myartseva. 28. Zoogeography and Ecological Aspects of the Formation of Horse Fly Fauna (Diptera: Tabanidae) in Turkmenistan; R.V. Andreeva. 29. Anti-Lions (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) of Turkmenistan; V.A. Krivokhatsky. 30. Fauna and Zoogeography of Spiders (Arachnida: Aranei) of Turkmenistan; K.G. Michailov, V. Fet. 31. Fauna and Zoogeography of Scorpions (Arachnida: Scorpiones) in Turkmenistan; V. Fet. 32. Zoogeography of Molluscs of Turkmenistan; Ya.I. Starobogatov. Index.

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Book SynopsisPhoridae are probably the insect family with the greatest diversity of larval habits, but the least studied of the large families of flies due to identification difficulties. This book collates what is known about the natural history of the Phoridae world. It reviews eggs and oviposition, larval habits (including saprophages, kleptoparasites, fungus breeders, plant feeders, predator, parasitoids, parasites and enemies), pupae and their enemies, development, adult habits (including feeding, special associations, courtship, mating, phoretic mites and enemies) and ecological aspects. There follows a new user-friendly and extensively illustrated key to world genera and a review of the identification literature for each of the 229 genera recognized. A review of methods and an extensive bibliography complete the work.Trade Review` ... well worth having a look between the covers.' The Bulletin of the Amateur Entomologists' Society `This book is a tremendous achievement and represents virtually our total knowledge of the family in all its aspects and indicates where further work lies waiting. It provides a sure foundation for all future studies.' Entomologist's Monthly MagazineTable of ContentsColour plates p. 20, 21. Foreword. Preface. 1. Introduction. 2. Eggs. 3. Larvae. 4. Pupae. 5. Development. 6. Adults. 7. Ecology. 8. Identification. 9. Methods. References. Author Index. Phoridae index. Index of other organisms. Subject index.

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Book SynopsisThe idea for the present volume stems from the In many cases we had to decide ourselves what long time friendship between the series editor and changes had to be made in the manuscript. This the volume editor. The field work was carried out was done, however, with the prior consent of during several years of the last two decades by Professor Pandeya. We hope that we did not Professor Pandeya and his team of workers: overlook any items which should have been S. C. Sharma, H. K. Jain, K. C. Paliwal, V. M. changed - if we did, it is our responsibility. In Bhanot, S. J. Pathak, R. Sharma, S. C. Bhatt, P. K. order to demonstrate our responsibility I have Mathur, Y. N. Rao and G. V. Saratbabu. The wide signed as co-editor of this volume. scope of the undertaking required expeditions and The series editor accepted this unusual task individual field studies for which reports were because the topic is of great significance for dry available. subtropical regions of the world. It was the task of Professor Pandey a to sift all The Cenchrus grasslands are of great importance this information and put it together in a form in the dry areas of South East Asia. The value of understandable for an international audience. the ecological grassland study for range manage­ The manuscript was delivered to the series edi­ ment is therefore obvious.Table of ContentsPreface. Part I: Western India - The Physical Environment, the Land, and the People. 1. Geographical Aspects, Lithology, and General Soil Conditions. 2. Climate and Water Resources. Part II: Population Differences and Distributional Pattern. 3. Population Differences in Cenchrus ciliaris and Cenchrus setigerus. 4. Climatic Factors in the Distribution of Cenchrus ciliarus Ecotypes. Part III: Net Primary Productivity and Climo-Edapho-Vegetational Relationships. 5. State of Knowledge of the Indian Grazing Lands. 6. Structure, Magnitude, and Dynamics of Primary Producers. 7. Climo-Edapho-Vegetational Relationships. Part IV: Germinability of Cenchrus ciliarus Ecotypes. 8. Seed and its Germination. Part V: Case Study. 9. System Analysis of a Village Ecosystem: A Case Study. Part VI: Results. 10. Discussion of Results. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis publication contains the proceedings of a seminar held in Brussels on November 8-9, 1988. The title of the seminar was "Reducing the costs of disease by improving resistance through genetics". The seminar was held as an activity of the Community Programme for the Coordination of Agricultural Research, 1984-1988. Costs of disease depend on losses caused by morbidity, mortality and production decreases and on the costs of preventive measures including vaccination and medication. Production losses often contribute a major portion to the total costs. To reduce costs of disease preventive measures like vaccination, preventive medication and hygienic procedures are applied. Genetic resistance is an attractive preventive measure because of its consistent nature in the next generations, because it precludes veterinary services and because there are no side-effects. Constraints are the long term investment, relatively slow progress per generation (in combination with production traits) and the considerable lack of knowledge about inheritance of resistance mechanisms in farm animals.Trade Review`It is recommended for libraries and research workers in the field.' New Zealand Veterinary Journal, September 1990 Table of ContentsTable of Contensts.- Session 1: General aspects Chairperson: A.J. van der Zijpp.- Introduction:.- Biological significance of the MHC.- Session 2: MHC serology and immunology Chairperson: M. Simonsen.- The characterisation and function of the bovine MHC:.- Current status of SLA class I and II serology:.- ELA (Equine Lymphocyte Alloantigens) serology and genetics:.- The chicken MHC and its importance:.- Some evidence for the presence of an MHC analogue in fish:.- Session 3: MHC polymorphism by protein chemistry and DNA techniques Chairperson: R.L. Spooner.- BoLa polymorphism, biochemical analysis at the product level:.- Comparison of BoLa class I and class II typing methods and their application to MHC function studies:.- The molecular genetics of the SLA complex:.- Molecular anatomy of the chicken Major Histocompatibility B complex:.- Session 4: MHC and disease associations Chairpersons: M. Vaiman and S. Lazary.- Possible influence of the Caprine Leucocyte Antigen (CLA) system on development of Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE) in family and population studies:.- Statistical aspects of cattle MHC (BOLA) and disease associations exemplified by an investigation of subclinical mastitis:.- Possible effects of the pig SLA complex on physiological performances:.- ELA disease associations:.- Session 5: Immune response markers and disease resistance Chairperson: E. Andresen.- An immune competence profile in swine:.- The genetics of parasite resisrance in sheep:.- The Biozzi model applied to the chicken:.- Genetic resistance to bovine mastitis:.- Session 6: General discussion Chairpersons: W. Sybesma and A.J. van der Zijpp.- General Discussions and Conclusions.

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Book SynopsisThe farming of deer as an alternative to traditional livestock enterprises is now firmly established and is expanding within several countries of the European Economic Community. However, the successful farming of deer requires the adoption of appropriate management schemes to accommodate the biological requirements of these animals. Much experience has now been gained and it is essential that this information becomes readily available througout the Community. In addition, as the volume of deer farming has increased a number of health problems have become recognised which present features distinct from other domestic ruminants. Although knowledge is still incomplete it would appear that deer may react to certain pathogens in a very different way to other domestic ruminants, presenting new problems of diagnosis and control. The rapid detection of these conditions and development of appropriate control strategies will be essential for the establishment of an economically viable deer farming industry in the Community. Much of the information on the management of farmed deer and their diseases is anecdotal and fragmented and the purpose of this meeting was to accelerate the dissemination of this knowledge between scientists in the Community committed to the development of this area of agricultural industry. The meeting, financed by the Commission of the European Communities from its budget for the Coordination of Agricultural Research in the Community was held in Scotland, on the 10th to 11th December, 1987.Table of ContentsManagement and Nutrition of Farmed.- Session I.- Studies on The Epidemiological Pattern and Control of Nematode Infection in Cerv/Idae.- Epidemiology and Control of Parasitic Diseases in Danish Deer Farms.- Pulmonary Parasites: Pathology and Control.- Cryptosporidiosis in Red Deer.- Conclusions From Session I.- Session II.- General and Economic Aspects of Deer Farming.- Deer Farming in Denmark, With Special Emphasis on The Management and Handling of Fallow Deer.- Diagnostic Examinations of Autopsy Material Submitted From Farmed Deer in Denmark.- Slaughter of Deer.- Conclusions From Session II.- Session III.- Health Aspects of Deer Farming.- Tuberculosis in Farmed Red Deer.- Paratuberculosis.- Experience on A Scottish Experimental Deer Farm.- Serological Survey in Free-Living Red Deer in France.- Ethological Aspects of Deer Farming.- Conclusions From Session II.- Session IV.- Studies on The Epidemiology and Pathogenisis of Alphaherpesviruses From Red Deer and Reindeer.- Herpesvirus Infections of Red Deer and Other Wild Ruminants in France and Belgium.- The Diagnosis of Malignant Catarrhal Fever in Deer.- The Aetiology of Malignant Catarrhal.- Conclusions From Session iv.- Session V.- The Transport of Deer.- Early Nutrition, Growth and Reproductive Performance In Young Scottish Red Deer Hinds, and Their Economic Significance in Commercial Herds.- Farm Tour of Macaulay Land Use Research Station At Glensaugh: A Summary of The Main Features.- Conclusions From Session V.- Final Conclusion.- List of Participants.

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Book SynopsisThis volume includes chapters originally presented at the 3rd FELASA Symposium, held in Amsterdam, June 1-5, 1987. Special topics were "Immune Deficiency Syndromes in Man and Animals", "DNA Technology and Laboratory Animal Science", "Interactions of Behaviour, Housing and Welfare", and "Laboratory Animals as Models in Biomedical Research". In addition, there was a great number of presentations concerning other aspects of laboratory animal science. We would like to thank the following persons for organizing the Symposium. Mrs. M.A.G. Kuipers, M.Sc., President FELASA Mrs. V. Baumans, D.V.M., Ph.D., Secretary FELASA P. de Vrey, D.V.M., Treasurer Mrs. I. Zaalmink, Organizing and Scientific Secretariat. The editors would also like to express their gratitude to all the participants and authors for their contribution to this succesful symposium. A.C. Beynen, Ph.D., Secretary Scientific Committee H.A. Solleveld, Ph.D., Chairman Scientific Committee FELASA Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations Gesellschaft fUr Versuchstierkunde/Society for Laboratory Animal Science Laboratory Animal Science Association Nederlandse Vereniging voor Proefdierkunde Scandinavian Federation for Laboratory Animal Science Societe Fran9aise d'Experimentation Animale VII CONTENTS Contributors ...xiii OPENING ADDRESS: THE FUTURE OF LABORATORY ANIMAL USE R.J. Samsom ...Table of ContentsOpening Address: The Future of Laboratory Animal Use.- The Acquired Immunedeficiency Syndrome in Man.- Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndromes.- Immune Deficiency Syndrome in Rodents: The Nude Rat.- Animal Welfare — Common Interest.- Laboratory Animal ....... Science — Service — Use.- Laboratory Animal Science in Czechoslovakia.- On the Ethology of Pain, its Experience and Expression.- Pain in Neonates.- Endorphins and Pain.- Effects of Exogenous Pain Relieving Substances on Experimental Results.- Veterinary Care at the Primate Center TNO.- Developing Housing Facilities for Rhesus Monkeys: Prevention of Abnormal Behaviour.- Microbiological Quality Assurance and Quality Assessment of Laboratory Animals.- Centralisation — Decentralisation: Failure — Success.- The Effect of Homogenization and Pasteurization on the Allergenicity of Bovine Milk Analysed by a Murine Anaphylactic Shock Model.- Murine Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis Test (PCA) for the “All or None” Determination of Allergenicity of Bovine Whey Proteins and Peptides.- Phenotypic and Patho-Morphological Characteristics in a Half-Sib-Family of Transgenic Mice Carrying Foreign MT-HGH Genes.- The Housing and Handling of Marmosets and Tamarins Infected With Aids and Other Retroviruses.- Long-Term Observation of Litter Intervals in Permanently Monogamous Mated Han:NMRI Mice.- Genital Inflammation in Male Mice. A Microbiological Study.- Microbial Assessment of a Single Fumigation by Formaldehyde of a Multi-Level Animal Facility.- Mechanisms of Natural Selection Maintaining in Groups of Highly Standardized Mice and Rats, Influence on Infection Resistance.- Provocation of Latent Infections.- to Recombinant DNA Technology.- DNA Hybridization as a Tool in Diagnosing Infectious Diseases. Comparison With Other Methods..- Embryo Transfer and Manipulation.- Strain Preservation of Rodent Embryos. Possibilities and Limitations.- The Generation of Transgenic Animals and Their Use in Fundamental Research.- On the Inheritance of Blood Characters in Mice.- Investigating Genetic Variability Between the MHS Hypertensive Strain of Rats and its Normotensive Control, MNS.- Gene Mapping and Linkage Homology.- A New Method to Produce Artificial Monozygotic Twins in Mice.- Genetic Analysis of Multigenic Traits Using the Recombinant Congenic Strains.- Acute Dermal Toxicity: Morphological Response of the Hairless Mice Skin Organ Culture.- The Dutch Rabbit in Toxicity Testing. Chemical-Induced Creatine Kinase Release; A Species- and Strain-Specific Response?.- Intertrial-Interval in the “Water Escape Test” in Mice.- Behaviour, Housing and Welfare of Non-Human Primates.- Housing and Welfare of Laboratory Rodents.- Housing Conditions and Experimental Results.- Basis of the European Guidelines: Facts or Intuition?.- Gnotobiotic Animals in Nutrition Research.- Animal Models for Cholesterol Metabolism Studies.- Animal Models in Hemostasis and Thrombosis.- Mice with Ulcerating Lesions on the Nose, Limbs and/or Tail.- Spontaneous Hyperplasia of the Endometrium in the Rabbit.- Monkey Graffity: Environmental Deficiency, Boredom or Artistic Drive?.- Marking of African Clawed Toads (Xenopus laevis). Improvement of a Skin Autograft Technique.- Changes in Energy Intake, Body Weight Gains, Average Feed Efficiency and Some Plasma Hormone Levels in Dogs from Different Environments.- Serum Concentrations of Vitamins A, D and E of Growing Beagles Fed Commercial Dog and Fox Diets.- Integration of HGH Gene in Transgenic Mice and Transmission to Next Generation.- Attempts to Produce Transgenic Rabbits Carrying MTI-HGH Recombinant Gene.- Electrofusion of Early Mammalian Embryo Cells.- Passive Infrared Movement Detector, A New Equipment to Monitor Motor Activity of Small Rodents in Normal Cages.- Establishment of a SPF Population of Cricetulus griseus.- Chronic Phlorizin Intoxication in Adipose Mutant Mice C57BL/KS db/db and in Normal Controls.- Plasma ?-Amylase and Lipase Activities in Dogs with Variations in Food Composition and Availability.- Locomotor Activity of a Behavior Mutant in NMRI Mice.- The Application of Embryo Transfer and Cryopreservation to Commercial Laboratory Animal Breeding.- Serological Following of a Laboratory Rat Breeding Contaminated with Respiratory Viruses During 1981–1986.- Eradication of Encephalitozoonosis in Rabbit Breeding Colonies by Carbon Immunoassay.- Spontaneous Murine Hemosiderosis, A Model for Human Hemochromatosis?.- In Vitro Adhesion of K88 Positive E. Coli to Intestinal Villi of Just-Weaned Piglets.- The Effects of Gentling on Open-Field Behaviour of Rats.- Blastomere-Karyotyping: A Direct Method for Producing Mouse Trisomy 16 ? Diploid Aggregation Chimeras as an Animal Model of Human Down’s Syndrome.- A Proposed Species Difference in the Renal Excretion of Perfluoro Octanoic Acid in the Beagle Dog and Rat.- Measurement of Orthostatic Responses in Conscious Dogs.- Oral 65Zn Loading Test in Rats FED IRI-OB Diet with Various Zn Concentrations.- Mortality and Tumour Incidence of BDII/Han Rats.- Assessment of Discomfort Induced by Orbital Functure in Rats.- Effect of Morphinomimetics in Different Pain Tests.- Prevention of Early Deaths in Mice Contaminated with Gram Negative Enteric Bacteria and Fungus Following Irradiation.- Detection of Mycoplasma neurolyticum in a Colony of Inbred Mice: Clinically Silent Infection.- Effects of Handling and Transportation Stress on Rodents.

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Book SynopsisAnimal production systems have changed dramatically over the last two decades. Knowledge of energy metabolism and environmental physio­ logy has increased as appears from many textbooks on these disciplines. The contents of the symposia on energy metabolism of farm animals show this and they have initially focussed on feed evaluation and later on com­ parative aspects of energy metabolism. They show part of the progress being made. Application of knowledge of energy metabolism for animals has a long history since Lavoisier. In addition to this, studies about the environ­ mental requirements of animals have shown that we are still far from ac­ curate assessment of these requirements in terms of nutrients and ener­ gy. I n model studies on energy metabolism researchers have recognized the interaction between the environment and the energy requirements of animals. Estimation of energy requirements has been done in physiolo­ gical, physical and behavioural studies. The impact of conditions as en­ countered by animals in various production systems has been approached from different viewpoints related to these different disciplines. In addi­ tion, various kinds of infections (bacterial, parasitic: subclinical, clini­ cal) have been evaluated only recently with regard to their effect on pro­ tein and/or energy metabolism and thus on production. People working in the field of feed evaluation have defined how che­ mical and physical properties of nutrition infiuence energy to be derived for maintenance and production.Table of ContentsI. Introduction.- Energy metabolism of farm animals.- The Wageningen respiration unit for animal production research: a description of the equipment and its possibilities.- II. Housing-Systems and Energy Metabolism.- Adaptation to, and energy costs of, tethering in pregnant sows.- Metabolic rate of piglets between sucklings.- Influence of some environmental, animal and feeding factors on energy metabolism in growing pigs.- The effects of housing conditions on energy utilization of poultry.- III. Climatic Conditions and Energy Metabolism.- Surface temperatures as parameters.- The influence of climatic environment on sows.- Thermal requirements of growing pigs from birth to slaughter.- A formula to describe the relation between heat production at thermoneutral as well as below thermoneutral temperatures simultaneously.- Effect of environmental temperature and air velocity two days preslaughtering on heat production, weight loss and meat quality in non-fedpigs.- Effects of climatic conditions on energy metabolism and performance of calves.- Climatic conditions and energy metabolism of laying hens.- Climatic environment and energy metabolism in broilers.- Heat tolerance of one-day old chickens with special reference to conditions during airtransport.- IV. Health and Aspects of Energy Metabolism.- Energy metabolism and immune function.- Parasite worry and restlessness caused by sarcoptic mange in swine.- Respiratory diseases in pigs: incidence, economic losses and prevention in the Netherlands.- Mastitis in dairy cows with special reference to direct and indirect effects of climatological factors.- The effect of gastrointestinal nematodes on metabolism in calves.- Energy and nitrogen metabolism of growing calves continuously infected with Dictyocaulus viviparus.- Respiratory diseases in calves.- The effect of a subclinical Haemonchus infection on the metabolism of sheep (a pilot study).- Coccidiosis: a problem in broilers.- V. Variation in Energy Metabolism Characteristics Due to Feeding Level and Differences Between Breeds/Strains.- Effect of feeding level on maintenance requirements of growing pigs.- Genetic variation of energy metabolism in poultry.- Genetic variation of energy metabolism in mice.- Effects of body weight, feeding level and temperature on energy metabolism and growth in fish.

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Book SynopsisCarved reverently in the walls of the temples and tombs of ancient Egypt, hieroglyphs and sculpted reliefs depict lions and jackals, hawks and owls, cobras and scarabs. This unique new guide explores the hieroglyphs and fauna of the ancient world—species that were idolized and mummified, and those that have since become extinct. From the date palm and the blue lotus to the griffon vulture and the hoopoe, the plants and animals on ancient Egyptian tomb walls spring to life in this lively and useful guide. Water-resistant and compact, filled with gorgeous illustrations and photographs, comprehensive text, diagrams, and maps, this foldout guide is the perfect travel companion.Includes:- 55 species- Depictions of hieroglyphs with their true animal counterparts- Map of Egypt’s most sacred animal templesAbout the series: The AUC Press Nature Foldout series combine, in beautifully practical form, a wealth of information written by leading experts with striking full-color illustrations on the flora and fauna of Egypt and the Middle East. Designed for nature lovers and outdoor adventurers, as well as for indoor use, the foldouts come in an easily foldable format, at once compact, waterproof, and portable, making them durable and convenient travel guides. Size is 23 x 8.5 in. / 58.5 x 21.5 cm unfolded.

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Book SynopsisThis book describes the similarities and differences between two species, bonobos and chimpanzees, based on the three decades the author has spent studying them in the wild, and shows how the contrasting nature of these two species is also reflected in human nature. The most important differences between bonobos and chimpanzees, our closest relatives, are the social mechanisms of coexistence in group life. Chimpanzees are known as a fairly despotic species in which the males exclusively dominate over the females, and maintain a rigid hierarchy. Chimpanzees have developed social intelligence to survive severe competition among males: by upholding the hierarchy of dominance, they can usually preserve peaceful relations among group members. In contrast, female bonobos have the same or even a higher social status than males. By evolving pseudo-estrus during their non-reproductive period, females have succeeded in moderating inter-male sexual competition, and in initiating mate selection. Although they are non-related in male-philopatric society, they usually aggregate in a group, enjoy priority access to food, determine which male is the alpha male, and generally maintain much more peaceful social relations compared to chimpanzees. Lastly, by identifying key mechanisms of social coexistence in these two species, the author also seeks to find solutions or “hope” for the peaceful coexistence of human beings."Takeshi Furuichi is one of very few scientists in the world familiar with both chimpanzees and bonobos. In lively prose, reflecting personal experience with apes in the rain forest, he compares our two closest relatives and explains the striking differences between the male- dominated and territorial chimpanzees and the female-centered gentle bonobos."Frans de Waal, author of Mama’s Last Hug - Animal Emotions and What They Tell Us about Ourselves (Norton, 2019) Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisThis book comprehensively summarizes the biological mechanisms of coloration and pattern formation of animals at molecular and cellular level, offering up-to-date knowledge derived from remarkable progress in the last 10 years. The brilliant coloration, conspicuous patterns and spectacular color changes displayed by some vertebrates and invertebrates are generally their strategies of the utmost importance for survival. Consists of mainly three parts, starts with introductory chapter, such as Pigments and Pigment Organelles, Developmental Genetics of Pigment Cell Formation, Adult Pigment Patterns, and Color Changes, this book introduces new pigment compounds in addition to classically known pigments and organelles, explains how the generation of multiple types of pigment cell is genetically controlled, describes the mechanisms underlying the zebrafish stripe formation as well as other animals and also summarizes the mechanism of physiological and morphological color changes of teleost, amphibian and cephalopod. Written by experts in the field, this book will be essential reading for graduate students and researchers in biological fields who are interested in pigmentation mechanisms of animals.Table of ContentsPart 1 Pigments and pigment organelles 1 Pigments in insects 2 Melanins in vertebrates 3 Body color expression in birds 4 Pigments in teleosts and their biosynthesis 5 Bioluminescence and Pigments Part 2 Pigment cell and patterned pigmentation 6 Development of melanin-bearing pigment cells in birds and mammals 7 Pigment cell development in teleosts 8 Pigment patterning in teleosts 9 Theoretical studies of pigment pattern formation 10 Evolution of Pigment Pattern Formation in Teleosts 11 Mechanisms of feather structural coloration and pattern formation in birds 12 Mechanism of color pattern formation in insects Part 3 Color changes 13 Physiological and Morphological Color Changes in Teleosts and in Reptiles 14 Color change in cephalopods 15 Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of insect color change towards understanding molecular links

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Book SynopsisIn this book, the author gathered together all the latest evidence and progress in the scientific studies of panda’s past, present and future, especially how he has introduced advanced scientific techniques such as population genomics, metagenomics and evolutionary genomics into the study of wild pandas. These scientific stories systematically unveiled the evolutionary history, adaptive strategy, cause of endangerment, and evolutionary potential of the giant panda under environmental changes and anthropogenic pressure, highlighting its evolution in every aspect of its body and behavior to adapt the transition to specialized bamboo diet. With illustrative examples and plentiful photographs taken in the wild, the secret life of pandas and the science behind are sure to satisfy reader's curiosity. Among the other things, this book gives answers to the frequently asked questions of whether the panda is an “evolutionary cul-de-sac” and whether there remains hope for them to survive and enjoy a brighter future. The giant panda is a well-known flagship species in the field of conservation science for its unique appeal and specialized characteristics. Besides, it is also an ideal model for researchers to understand adaptive evolution. Over the past thirty years, the author and leading conservation scientist Dr. Fuwen Wei, has been focusing on the research and conservation of wild pandas in China.Table of Contentsthe population history of the giant panda.- the adaptive evolution of diet specialization of the giant panda.- the reproductive strategy and dispersal pattern of the giant panda.- the population ecology and population genetics of the panda.- threats to pandas and conservation practices.

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Book SynopsisThis edited book brings out a comprehensive account of the faunal diversity in Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve which is part of the Sundaland Biodiversity hotspot. The main focus of this volume is to address the ecological and economic significance of the biodiversity of this region. The book provides latest information on the faunal diversity of Great Nicobar Biosphere. It focuses on various faunal communities of this regions such as Floral diversity, Butterflies, Moths, Dragonflies & Damselflies, Termites, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Scorpion, Spiders, Turtle, Nicobar megapode. Chapters in this volume also covers Reptiles & Amphibians, Fishes, Mammals, Land and freshwater Mollusca. Marine animals such as Opisthobranchs, Sponges, Scleractinian Corals and Soft corals, Sea Anemones, Polyclads, Marine Molluscs, Echinoderms are also discussed. It is of interest for the researchers, teachers, scientists, capacity builders, policy makers. Also serve as reading materials for graduate and post graduate students e.g., Wildlife Biology, Forestry, Environmental Science, Wildlife Ecology, Zoology, Life sciences, Parks/Sanctuaries managers, National and International scientists, policy makers will also find this to be a useful document.Table of ContentsAttached

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Book SynopsisThis book explains how various animals have adapted to extreme conditions, and why humans need animals and should protect them.

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