War crimes Books

Book SynopsisWhat has Germany made of its Nazi past? This book explores the legacy of the Nazi regime, exposing the workings of past beliefs and political interests, and how differently the two Germanys have recalled the crimes of Nazism.Table of ContentsMultiple restorations and divided memory; German communism's master narratives of antifascism - Berlin-Moscow;East Berlin, 1928-1945; from periphery to centre - German communists and the Jewish question, Mexico City, 1942-1945; the Nuremberg interregnum - struggles for the recognition in East Berlin, 1945-1949; purging 'cosmopolitanism' - the Jewish question in East Germany, 1949-1956; memory and policy in East Germany from Ulbricht to Honecker; the Nuremberg interregnum - divided memory in the western zones, 1945-1963; atonement, restitution, and justice delayed - West Germany, 1949-1963; politics and memory since the 1960s.

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Book SynopsisStarting in early 1915, the Ottoman Turks began deporting and killing hundreds of thousands of Armenians in the first major genocide of the twentieth century. By the end of the First World War, the number of Armenians in what would become Turkey had been reduced by 90 percent--more than a million people. A century later, the Armenian Genocide remaiTrade ReviewA Financial Times Summer Books 2015 selection Winner of the 2016 Wayne S. Vucinich Book Prize, Association for Slavic, East European, & Eurasian Studies One of Financial Times (FT.com) Best Books in History 2015, chosen Tony Barber "In recent years scholars of Ottoman history have published a number of path-breaking, award-winning academic studies documenting the annihilation of the Armenians in 1915. Published on the one hundredth anniversary of that horrible event, Ronald Grigor Suny's monograph stands out as another superb work, in this case the best narrative account explaining 'why, when, and how' the Armenian genocide occurred."--Marc David Baer, H-Nationalism "An authoritative examination of unspeakable horrors... [D]eeply researched, fair-minded... Suny creates a compelling narrative of vengeance and terror."--Kirkus, starred review "The centenary [of the Armenian Genocide] has raised the diplomatic temperature and precipitated many books. Ronald Suny's is the best of them: Balanced, scholarly, and harrowing, it should be read by all serious students of modern history."--Dominic Green, Weekly Standard "Suny is admirably dispassionate in explaining the particular circumstances that led the Ottoman government to embark on a policy of mass extermination."--Dominic Lawson, Sunday Times "[W]hat distinguishes Suny's scholarship is a scrupulous attention to context and the genuine imperial anxiety of the Young Turks. They Can Live in the Desert but Nowhere Else (a title taken from another Talat diktat) is a fair-minded account. Unsparing in depicting the viciousness of the killing, forced conversions and kidnapping of children and young women, it is rigorous in its choice of language and nuance, generous in its empathy but implacable in its conclusions."--David Gardner, Financial Times "A tremendously powerful, scrupulously balanced, rigorous and humane account of a tragedy that still casts a shadow over the modern state of Turkey. It is likely to become the definitive reference book on the subject for years to come."--Justin Marozzi, Spectator "They Can Live in the Desert but Nowhere Else will very likely be the standard account in English for the 21st Century of the Armenian Genocide and its broader setting. The event itself was the first major genocide in what was to be an entire century of genocides, and Suny is keenly aware of the lessons it can teach about the horrors it initiated. The book is strongly recommended."--Steve Donoghue, Open Letters Monthly "Magisterial."--Brian Bethune, Macleans "[A]n excellent source for readers wishing to learn the history [of the Armenian Genocide]. Suny has provided an exhaustive, dispassionate treatment, situating the Genocide in the centuries-long relationship between Armenian Christians and their Turkish Muslim rulers ... readable and thorough."--Mark Movsesian, First Things "An authoritative, comprehensive study of political, religious, and cultural factors around the terrible events of 1915-16, and an account which avoids the propagandism of both Turkish and Armenian advocates, yet does not flinch from their appalling reality."--Mainstream "[A] fine scholarly study."--Christopher Allmand, The Tablet "Suny weaves this complex story into a nuanced, meticulously researched, and compellingly argued book."--Choice "A remarkable work of history."--Howard Eissenstat, Current History "If you read one book about the 1915 genocide, make this it. Suny is one of the western world's most renowned scholars of the Caucasus region. His account of the fate that befell the Armenians at Ottoman Turkish hands is harrowingly detailed and scrupulously objective."--Tony Barber, Financial Times "A historical masterpiece and a significant benchmark in the study of the Genocide, which will surely become the definitive textbook on the subject... Comprehensive and compelling."--Sossie Kasbarian & Kerem Oktem, Caucasus Survey "The book under review should be of an interest to graduate and postgraduate research students, genocide scholars and historians interested to gaining fresh understandings of the historical dynamics leading to the Armenian genocide, and the connections between imperialism, nationalism and the Armenian genocide during the twentieth century. Additionally, the book provides the groundwork for further debate on how to integrate the Armenian genocide more completely within an understanding of the historical trends of its period."--Eldad Ben-Aharon, H-Soz-Kult "[A] superb work, in this case the best narrative account explaining 'why, when, and how' the Armenian genocide occurred."--Marc David Baer, H-Net Reviews "They Can Live in the Desert but Nowhere Else will no doubt become the definitive account of this contested history... This book provides a sophisticated synthesis of recent research without sacrificing depth, nuance or narrative clarity. The fate of the Armenians is situated firmly within wider historiographies of imperial competition and decline, total war and the rise of nation-states... Suny's approach therefore powerfully demonstrates for non-specialists the salience of the fate of the Armenians for understanding much broader historical processes at work at the end of the 'long' nineteenth century."--Jo Laycock, Patterns of Prejudice "They Can Live in the Desert but Nowhere Else stands out as a superbly researched, carefully balanced and compelling account... This remarkable book shows how seeking deeper historical truths does not detract from justice: Suny's brilliant, careful and seemingly detached analysis makes the book all the more powerful in this respect."--Gilles Andreani, Survival "A transitional text... Accessible and concise, while still complex enough to do justice to the relationships between Armenians, their rulers and their neighbours over the centuries."--Susan Pattie, Chartist "This stunning book makes a significant contribution to genocide studies but also to Armenian, Russian, European, and international history... Suny's masterful narrative is proof that in great scholarship, empathy and analytical rigor work together."--Doris L. Bergen, Russian ReviewTable of ContentsAcknowledgments ix Introduction xi Sources, Notes, and Transliteration xxiii 1 Empire 1 2 Armenians 31 3 Nation 64 4 Great Powers 91 5 Revolution 141 6 Counterrevolution 174 7 War 208 8 Removal 246 9 Genocide 281 10 Orphaned Nation 328 Conclusion: Thinking about the Unthinkable: Genocide 350 Historians Look at the Armenian Genocide: A Bibliographical Discussion 367 Notes 375 Index 463

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Book SynopsisFamines are becoming smaller and rarer, but optimism about the possibility of a famine-free future must be tempered by the threat of global warming. That is just one of the arguments that Cormac O Grada, one of the world's leading authorities on the history and economics of famine, develops in this wide-ranging book, which provides crucial new persTrade ReviewOne of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2015 "[I]ts final chapter offers salient discussion of future possibilities and constraints for food security."--Liz Young, Times Higher Education "This book is written in calm prose, but its message is urgent: continue as we are and poverty will grow on our doorsteps."--Danny Dorling, Times Higher Education "The Irish economist Cormac O? Gra?da has written a rarity: a coolly rational, cautiously cheerful book about the most viscerally upsetting subject imaginable, mass death from hunger...For O? Gra?da, perhaps the world's expert on the history and economics of famine, now is the time to understand this long-standing terror."--Charles C. Mann, Pacific Standard "The breadth of primary and secondary resources referenced is notable throughout, and this excellent book by a leading scholar is accessible to all readers."--Choice "Cormac O Grada knows more than most people about famines, historical and modern, and his short book of essays, Eating People is Wrong, is superb."--Diane Coyle, Enlightened Economist "The overriding impression one gets from reading Cormac O Grada's latest, brilliant book is that famines the world over are an ugly human stain."--David Nally, Irish Times "Dealing with some of the most horrendous aspects of famine, the five essays collected here are meticulously scholarly and at the same time arrestingly vivid."--John Gray, New Statesman "O Grada's book offers a sobering reminder of the importance of making judgments based on good data and unhindered by ideological filters."--Douglas Gollin, Foreign AffairsTable of ContentsIntroduction 1 1 Eating People Is Wrong: Famine's Darkest Secret? 11 2 "Sufficiency and Sufficiency and Sufficiency": Revisiting the Great Bengal Famine of 1943-44 38 3 Markets and Famines: Pre-industrial Europe and Beyond 92 4 Great Leap into Great Famine 130 5 Famine Is Not the Problem-For Now 174 Bibliography 209 Index 231

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Book SynopsisWhy did the twentieth century witness unprecedented organized genocide? Can we learn why genocide is perpetrated by comparing different cases of genocide? Is the Holocaust unique, or does it share causes and features with other cases of state-sponsored mass murder? Can genocide be prevented? Blending gripping narrative with trenchant analysis, EricTrade ReviewOne of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2003 "There is much new in Weitz's analysis and his isolation of the common mechanisms of state-sponsored genocide is an invaluable contribution to the literature on the subject... Despite its analytical and reasoned approach, this work cannot be read without feeling outrage, despair and horror. Weitz's work raises profound questions about the human capacity for violence."--Publishers Weekly "A Century of Genocide has much to offer. It will serve as an excellent first introduction to Lenin and Stalin's crimes, the Holocaust, the Cambodian massacres of the 1970s and the ethnic cleansing in Yugoslavia."--Brendon Simms, Times Higher Education Supplement "[A] book that must be read and that must be argued over. Without an understanding of the issues [it] tackle[s] with passion and in depth, the desire to intervene--to prevent ethnic cleansing or genocide--is meaningless."--Rima Berns-McGown, International Journal "Weitz has produced something exceedingly rare: a scholarly book one cannot put down. This is a meritorious, thoughtful book."--Choice "An important, thought-provoking book on an inordinately complex subject."--Gavriel Rosenfeld, The New Leader "Weitz makes a persuasive case that these genocides were not simply anarchic eruptions of age-old hatreds, but rather were engineered by crisis-ridden regimes promoting utopian visions requiring a radical refashioning of the population."--Martin Farrell, Perspectives on Politics "This important, highly thoughtful book is a welcome addition to the growing literature on genocide in the twentieth century. It deserves a wide audience among scholars, undergraduates, and policy makers. Broad ranging, genuinely comparative, rigorous, and learned, A Century of Genocide is engagingly written, while prudent and balanced in its judgments."--Frank Chalk, Slavic ReviewTable of ContentsAbbreviations vii Preface to the New Paperback Edition ix An Armenian Prelude 1 Introduction: Genocides in the Twentieth Century 8 Chapter 1 Race and Nation: An Intellectual History 16 Chapter 2 Nation, Race, and State Socialism: The Soviet Union under Lenin and Stalin 53 Chapter 3 The Primacy of Race: Nazi Germany 102 Chapter 4 Racial Communism: Cambodia under the Khmer Rouge 144 Chapter 5 National Communism: Serbia and the Bosnian War 190 Conclusion 236 Notes 255 Bibliography 311 Acknowledgments 339 Index 343

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"A political scientist turns fresh eyes on the problem of how European Jews responded to the Holocaust as it was unfolding... Of much interest to students of modern history but also to those engaged in humanitarian relief efforts, refugee relocation, and the like."--Kirkus "Instances of ... mass hysteria have been appearing on a weekly basis, revealing an historical illiteracy so vast that it could contain 1,000 books on the Holocaust. If the ignorant could read only one of them ... Ordinary Jews would be an excellent way to begin their education."--Stefan Kanfer, City JournalTable of ContentsList of Tables, Maps, and Figures vii Note on Transliteration ix 1 Introduction 4 2 Setting the Stage: Jewish Ghettos during the Holocaust 21 3 What Did the Jews Know? 51 4 Cooperation and Collaboration 69 5 Coping and Compliance 98 6 Evasion 126 7 Resistance 159 8 Conclusions 191 Appendix 1 Data and Archival Methods 199 Appendix 2 Distribution of Strategies 208 Appendix 3 Beyond the Three Ghettos: Econometric Analysis of Uprisings 212 Notes 223 Abbreviations 245 Bibliography 247 Glossary 263 Acknowledgments 265 Index 269

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"One of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2015""[I]ts final chapter offers salient discussion of future possibilities and constraints for food security."---Liz Young, Times Higher Education"This book is written in calm prose, but its message is urgent: continue as we are and poverty will grow on our doorsteps."---Danny Dorling, Times Higher Education"The Irish economist Cormac Ó Gráda has written a rarity: a coolly rational, cautiously cheerful book about the most viscerally upsetting subject imaginable, mass death from hunger. . . .For Ó Gráda, perhaps the world's expert on the history and economics of famine, now is the time to understand this long-standing terror."---Charles C. Mann, Pacific Standard"The breadth of primary and secondary resources referenced is notable throughout, and this excellent book by a leading scholar is accessible to all readers." * Choice *"Cormac Ó Gráda knows more than most people about famines, historical and modern, and his short book of essays, Eating People is Wrong, is superb."---Diane Coyle, Enlightened Economist"The overriding impression one gets from reading Cormac Ó Gráda's latest, brilliant book is that famines the world over are an ugly human stain."---David Nally, Irish Times"Dealing with some of the most horrendous aspects of famine, the five essays collected here are meticulously scholarly and at the same time arrestingly vivid."---John Gray, New Statesman"Ó Gráda's book offers a sobering reminder of the importance of making judgments based on good data and unhindered by ideological filters."---Douglas Gollin, Foreign Affairs

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Book SynopsisReveals the true human costs of war in Iraq, an unfolding tragedy that has yielded millions of dead and displaced Iraqis since the first Gulf War.Trade Review'If I could only recommend one book that provides a comprehensive overview of both the situation in Iraq today, and the decades of US-backed policy it took to create this nightmare scenario, Erasing Iraq is it' -- Dahr Jamail, independent journalistTable of ContentsIntroduction – Hearts of Stone 1. Iraqis Under Siege 2. Refugee Voices 3. Censoring Civilians 4. Dead Bodies Don’t Count 5. Iraqi Sociocide Postscript – People of No Moment Notes Index

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Book SynopsisAn explosive account of a secret group of mercenaries based on newly declassified documents.Trade Review'An excellent book' - Military History Matters'The pace and narrative are Le Carre-esque, but made even more compelling by the fact that the events are true' - Joe Glenton, ForcesWatch'Lifts the lid on KMS's activities and the men behind it' - Daily Mail'Very, very explosive' - Qasa Alom, BBC Asian Network'The UK's most important investigative journalist' - Mark Curtis, author of Secret Affairs: Britain's Collusion with Radical Islam'Remarkable' - Paul Rogers, Open Democracy'Miller pilots you into a twilight world, where the pioneers of a rapacious industry blaze a trail of death and destruction across the continents, with a nod and a wink from Whitehall. This is the riveting story of HMG’s dirty secret service: an investigative tour de force' - Jonathan Miller, Foreign Affairs Correspondent, Channel 4 News'Draws forensic inferences to create leads and story-trails' -- Irish Times'Compelling and accessible' -- CounterfireTable of ContentsAcronyms and Abbreviations Map of the Arabian Peninsula Map of Sri Lanka Timeline Photographs Acknowledgements Prologue Introduction: Return of the Privateers 1. White Sultan of Oman 2. Bodyguards and Business Building 3. Teenage Rebellions 4. The Upside Down Jeep 5. Oliver North’s British Mercenary 6. The Exploding Hospital 7. Mercenaries and Mujahideen 8. The English Pilot 9. Grenades in Wine Glasses 10. Bugger Off My Land! Epilogue Notes Bibliography Index

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Book Synopsis* A new volume in Polity s successful War and Conflict in the Modern World series. * Offers a comprehensive analysis of the causes and consequences of sexual violence across a range of conflict zones.Trade Review"An impressive and important book, gripping but very readably written in a clear style. It should be read by all interested in international politics and human rights." Medicine, Conflict and Survival "Because of its clear and accessible style, gripping content, and intersectional focus, this book should be required reading for scholars and policy-makers as well as students in a number of different areas. While it seems targeted at peace and conflict courses, it would also be excellent in gender studies (clearly introducing gender in the context of armed conflict), human rights (highlighting women's human rights), and international relations generally, (addressing the 'new wars')."Journal of Women, Politics and Policy "An excellent introduction to the broad issues around gender-based violence and armed conflict which will appeal to readers in political science, sociology, development, criminology, peace-building/war studies."Sociological Review "Using richly detailed case studies, Janie Leatherman's Sexual Violence and Armed Conflict presents an important examination of sexual violence in conflict and suggests new ways of conceptualizing and understanding the complex causes and implications of such violence." Journal of the American Medical Association "An important read for researchers and students alike interested in understanding the causes and consequences of wartime sexual violence."Acta Politica"The argument is clear and concise, moving from simple binaries towards a more complex analysis of the causes of sexual violence in armed conflict. Despite the difficult content that is addressed, the book is accessible and would be useful for anyone interested or working in conflict areas."Sexual Violence and Armed Conflict "An essential work dealing with sexual violence in armed conflict, as its argumentation is very strong and does not leave much space for doubting the danger of the phenomenon and the necessity of action." Central European Journal of International and Security Studies "An impressive piece of work. This book deserves its position as the megaphone helping those working in the field to give it its voice."Kelvingrove Review "An important provocation for academics and practitioners working on issues associated with organised political violence." Global Change, Peace and Security "A nuanced, readable and compelling account."Resilience"Leatherman not only reframes our concept of war, but of politics in general. She offers innovative insights in her explorations of legal accountability and social responsibility, of prevention and healing for sexual violence. A must-read book: courageous, groundbreaking, riveting, essential."Carolyn Nordstrom, University of Notre Dame "This is international relations at its best. Conceptually sophisticated, Janie Leatherman's book elucidates the factors that lie behind sexual violence in armed conflict: inequalities, structural injustices, and hyper-masculinity. I recommend it highly."Valentine Moghadam, Purdue University "This book makes a valuable contribution to understanding the complexity of sexual violence in modern war and to countering the silence and denial associated with it."Patrick W. Kelley, Director, Boards on Global Health and African Science Academy Development, Institute of MedicineTable of ContentsPreface and Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations 1. Ending the Silence2. Dimensions of Sexual Violence in Conflict3. Sexual Violence and the Onset of Armed Conflict 4. Seeking Safe Space 5. Sexual Violence and the Global Political Economy of War6. From Protection and Accountability to an Ethic of Caring Notes Selected ReadingsIndex

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Book SynopsisWhat do we know about war crimes and justice? What are the discursive practices through which the dominant images of war crimes, atrocity and justice are understood? In this wide ranging text, Michael J. Shapiro contrasts the justice-related imagery of the war crimes trial (for example the solitary, headphone-wearing defendant at the Hague listening with intent to a catalogue of charges) with ?literary justice?: representations in literature, film, and biographical testimony, raising questions about atrocities and justice that juridical proceedings exclude. By engaging with the ambiguities exposed by the artistic and experiential genres, reading them alongside policy and archival documentation and critical theoretical discourses, Shapiro?s War Crimes, Atrocity, and Justice challenges traditional notions of ?responsibility? in juridical settings. His comparative readings instead encourage a focus on the conditions of possibility for war crimes as they arise from the actTrade Review"This compelling and original analysis by Michael Shapiro skilfully explores the relationship between violence, life, and the problem of justice. I found it hard to put down, and it will certainly be an important resource for students of film and media studies, literature, cultural studies, contemporary philosophy, and political science." —Adrian Parr, University of Cincinnati "We should all read and learn from Michael Shapiro's brilliantly conceived, strikingly original, and profoundly illuminating text. His use of movies, literature, and philosophy to expand our consciousness of the deep roots of atrocity, while contrasting what justice means for the imaginative mind with what passes for justice in a court of law, transforms conventional understandings of war crimes." —Richard A. Falk, Princeton University "Michael Shapiro is one of the most perceptive political analysts of our time. He is especially attuned to the dangers of unwarranted certainty and premature judgment, and is often brilliant at making connections between apparently distinct events. The argument is at once astute, provocative, and uplifting." —R.B.J. Walker, University of Victoria, Canada and PUC-Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"Shapiro's voice is signature: few otyher range so widely across genres, locales, events, and sources of artistic and conceptual inspiration; few pursue the deterritorializing promise of transversal relations so insistently."—Theory & Event"Through War Crimes, Atrocity, and Justice, Michael J. Shapiro challenges our traditional understanding about war crimes and atrocities through the skilful use of selections from modern literature and the world of films."—Journal of Defence Studies"Dr. Shapiro's book deservedly won the 2015 Easton Prize for Political Theory from the American Political Science Association. This approach to modern politics, especially violence and the devolution of civil society, is an insightful and stimulating tool for scholars in many fields, including literature, politics and history."—Studies in Twentieth and Twenty-First Century LiteratureTable of ContentsPreface and Acknowledgments vii Introduction 1 1 The Global Justice Dispositif 13 2 Atrocity, Securitization, and Exuberant Lines of Flight 50 3 What does a Weapon See? 80 4 Borderline Justice 119 5 Justice and the Archives 154 Notes 186 Index 210

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Book SynopsisWhat do we know about war crimes and justice? What are the discursive practices through which the dominant images of war crimes, atrocity and justice are understood? In this wide ranging text, Michael J. Shapiro contrasts the justice-related imagery of the war crimes trial (for example the solitary, headphone-wearing defendant at the Hague listening with intent to a catalogue of charges) with ?literary justice?: representations in literature, film, and biographical testimony, raising questions about atrocities and justice that juridical proceedings exclude. By engaging with the ambiguities exposed by the artistic and experiential genres, reading them alongside policy and archival documentation and critical theoretical discourses, Shapiro?s War Crimes, Atrocity, and Justice challenges traditional notions of ?responsibility? in juridical settings. His comparative readings instead encourage a focus on the conditions of possibility for war crimes as they arise from the actTrade Review"This compelling and original analysis by Michael Shapiro skilfully explores the relationship between violence, life, and the problem of justice. I found it hard to put down, and it will certainly be an important resource for students of film and media studies, literature, cultural studies, contemporary philosophy, and political science." —Adrian Parr, University of Cincinnati "We should all read and learn from Michael Shapiro's brilliantly conceived, strikingly original, and profoundly illuminating text. His use of movies, literature, and philosophy to expand our consciousness of the deep roots of atrocity, while contrasting what justice means for the imaginative mind with what passes for justice in a court of law, transforms conventional understandings of war crimes." —Richard A. Falk, Princeton University "Michael Shapiro is one of the most perceptive political analysts of our time. He is especially attuned to the dangers of unwarranted certainty and premature judgment, and is often brilliant at making connections between apparently distinct events. The argument is at once astute, provocative, and uplifting." —R.B.J. Walker, University of Victoria, Canada and PUC-Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"Shapiro's voice is signature: few otyher range so widely across genres, locales, events, and sources of artistic and conceptual inspiration; few pursue the deterritorializing promise of transversal relations so insistently."—Theory & Event"Through War Crimes, Atrocity, and Justice, Michael J. Shapiro challenges our traditional understanding about war crimes and atrocities through the skilful use of selections from modern literature and the world of films."—Journal of Defence Studies"Dr. Shapiro's book deservedly won the 2015 Easton Prize for Political Theory from the American Political Science Association. This approach to modern politics, especially violence and the devolution of civil society, is an insightful and stimulating tool for scholars in many fields, including literature, politics and history."—Studies in Twentieth and Twenty-First Century LiteratureTable of ContentsPreface and Acknowledgments vii Introduction 1 1 The Global Justice Dispositif 13 2 Atrocity, Securitization, and Exuberant Lines of Flight 50 3 What does a Weapon See? 80 4 Borderline Justice 119 5 Justice and the Archives 154 Notes 186 Index 210

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Book SynopsisThis fully revised edition of Martin Shaw''s classic, award-winning text proposes a way through the intellectual confusion surrounding genocide. In a thorough account of the idea''s history, Shaw considers its origins and development and its relationships to concepts like ethnic cleansing and politicide. Offering a radical critique of the existing literature on genocide, he argues that what distinguishes genocide from more legitimate warfare is that the ''enemies'' targeted are groups and individuals of a civilian character. He vividly illustrates his argument with a wide range of historical examples - from the Holocaust to Rwanda and Palestine to Yugoslavia - and shows how the question ''What is genocide?'' matters politically whenever populations are threatened by violence. The second edition of this compelling book will continue to spark interest and vigorous debate, appealing to students and scholars across the social sciences and in international law.Trade ReviewIn this second edition of his wonderful book, Shaw shows that definitions matter in explaining genocide. Incorporating recent work he gives a highly-intelligent view of genocide, broadly defined as in Raphael Lemkin?s original coining of the term. If you want to read a general work on genocide and ethnic cleansing, this should be your first choice. Michael Mann, University of California, Los Angeles The first edition of What is Genocide? rightly became an instant classic. The second edition adds depth on Raphael Lemkin, the notion of genocidal massacre and the structural dimensions of genocide. It is essential reading for teaching and thinking about this troubling subject. Dirk Moses, European University InstituteTable of ContentsPreface to the Second Edition 1 Introduction: The Importance of Definition PART I: THE GENOCIDE IDEA 2 Raphael Lemkin and the Idea of Genocide 3 The Concept after Lemkin 4 The Holocaust Standard 5 The 'Cleansing' Euphemism 6 The Many 'Cides' of Genocide PART II: AGENCY AND STRUCTURE IN GENOCIDE 7 From Intentionality to a Structural Concept 8 The Structure of Genocide: Conflict and War 9 Actors and Process in Genocidal Conflict 10 Structural Contexts: Explaining Modern Genocide 11 Conclusion: New Definitions Index

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Book SynopsisIn 1996, Louise Arbour was appointed by the Security Council of the United Nations as Chief Prosecutor for the International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda. Reflecting on these experiences, she argues in War Crimes and the Culture of Peace that the level of public awareness and understanding of the significance of these events is minimal in part as a result of the way in which international criminal law is practiced. Justice Arbour contends that previous efforts to unite concepts of international law and criminal law in the practice of these tribunals are evolving, and suggests that the ties between personal criminal accountability and peace should be central to the decisions made in the future concerning procedural models for the permanent International War Crimes Tribunals. As a result, the public might better understand the context and causes of such crime, and the notion of crime as a breach of the peace would be made central to these tr

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Book SynopsisIn the second half of the nineteenth century, the Euro-American citizenry of California carried out mass genocide against the Native population of their state, using the processes and mechanisms of democracy to secure land and resources for themselves and their private interests. Murder State is a comprehensive examination of these events and their early legacy.Trade Review"[Murder State is] one of the most important works ever published on the history of American Indians in California in the mid-nineteenth century."—Steven Newcomb, Indian Country “A significant historical account detailing white pioneers perpetrating genocide against California Indians. . . . [Employs] compelling evidence.”—Clifford E. Trafzer, Journal of American Studies “Lindsay’s methodology and conclusions . . . highlight important questions for scholars to ask of frontier societies, their legal systems, and their citizens.”—Brenden Rensink, Western Historical Quarterly “Perhaps the most provocative aspect of his book is Lindsay’s connection of American democracy to the killing of Indians.”—Robert G. Lee, American Historical Review“Democracy and genocide are two activities that most would declare antagonistic. Yet Brendan Lindsay presents primary evidence that reveals the hatred and murderous acts committed by early Californians and government officials, as a grassroots movement, to settle the ‘Golden State’ by exterminating and dispossessing Native peoples of their ancestral homelands.”—Jack Norton, Hupa historian and emeritus professor of Native American studies, Humboldt State University“Historian Brendan Lindsay has documented the attempted extermination of California’s first people and provided a detailed, comprehensive historical treatment of California’s genocide. He offers a groundbreaking study that will change the historiography of California and genocide studies—a penetrating but readable book that will quickly become a classic.”—Larry Myers (Pomo), executive secretary of the California Native American Heritage CommissionTable of ContentsList of TablesPrefaceAcknowledgmentsIntroduction: Defining GenocidePart 1. Imagining GenocideIntroduction1. The Core Values of Genocide2. Emigrant Guides3. The Overland Trail ExperiencePart 2. Perpetrating GenocideIntroduction4. The Economics of Genocide in Southern California5. Democratic Death Squads of Northern CaliforniaPart 3. Supporting GenocideIntroduction6. The Murder State7. Federal Bystanders to and Agents of Genocide8. Advertising GenocideConclusion: At a Crossroads in the GenocideEpilogue: Forgetting and Remembering GenocideNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book Synopsis In the second half of the nineteenth century, the Euro-American citizenry of California carried out mass genocide against the Native population of their state, using the processes and mechanisms of democracy to secure land and resources for themselves and their private interests. The murder, rape, and enslavement of thousands of Native people were legitimized by notions of democracy—in this case mob rule—through a discreetly organized and brutally effective series of petitions, referenda, town hall meetings, and votes at every level of California government. Murder State is a comprehensive examination of these events and their early legacy. Preconceptions about Native Americans as shaped by the popular press and by immigrants’ experiences on the Overland Trail to California were used to further justify the elimination of Native people in the newcomers’ quest for land. The allegedly “violent nature” of Native peoplTrade Review"[Murder State is] one of the most important works ever published on the history of American Indians in California in the mid-nineteenth century."—Steven Newcomb, Indian Country “A significant historical account detailing white pioneers perpetrating genocide against California Indians. . . . [Employs] compelling evidence.”—Clifford E. Trafzer, Journal of American Studies “Lindsay’s methodology and conclusions . . . highlight important questions for scholars to ask of frontier societies, their legal systems, and their citizens.”—Brenden Rensink, Western Historical Quarterly “Perhaps the most provocative aspect of his book is Lindsay’s connection of American democracy to the killing of Indians.”—Robert G. Lee, American Historical Review“Democracy and genocide are two activities that most would declare antagonistic. Yet Brendan Lindsay presents primary evidence that reveals the hatred and murderous acts committed by early Californians and government officials, as a grassroots movement, to settle the ‘Golden State’ by exterminating and dispossessing Native peoples of their ancestral homelands.”—Jack Norton, Hupa historian and emeritus professor of Native American studies, Humboldt State University“Historian Brendan Lindsay has documented the attempted extermination of California’s first people and provided a detailed, comprehensive historical treatment of California’s genocide. He offers a groundbreaking study that will change the historiography of California and genocide studies—a penetrating but readable book that will quickly become a classic.”—Larry Myers (Pomo), executive secretary of the California Native American Heritage CommissionTable of ContentsList of Tables Preface Acknowledgments Introduction: Defining Genocide Part 1. Imagining Genocide Introduction 1. The Core Values of Genocide 2. Emigrant Guides 3. The Overland Trail Experience Part 2. Perpetrating Genocide Introduction 4. The Economics of Genocide in Southern California 5. Democratic Death Squads of Northern California Part 3. Supporting Genocide Introduction 6. The Murder State 7. Federal Bystanders to and Agents of Genocide 8. Advertising Genocide Conclusion: At a Crossroads in the Genocide Epilogue: Forgetting and Remembering Genocide Notes Bibliography Index

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Trade Review"Hidden Genocides is a penetrating scholarly searchlight illuminating an important and previously obscured landscape." -- Frank Chalk * Montreal Institute for Genocide and Human Rights Studies, Concordia University *"By problematizing, both theoretically and empirically, the canon of genocide studies, this collection makes an important contribution to an underdeveloped field." -- Jens Meierhenrich * London School of Economics and Political Science *"Hidden Genocides is a timely collection of critical essays that effectively engages scholars in rethinking the way we conceptualize, approach, and teach genocide studies. A must-read for a wide-range of scholars." * Journal of Anthropological Research *"Hinton, La Pointe, and Irvin-Erickson offer a useful prism through which to examine and weigh conventional accounts of genocide. It reveals cover-ups and makes the invisible visible." * Genocide Studies and Prevention *"Hidden Genocides collection is an essential guide to the latest scholarship on genocide studies from an international and comparative perspective." * American Hellenic Institute Policy Journal *"Hidden Genocides is a penetrating scholarly searchlight illuminating an important and previously obscured landscape." -- Frank Chalk * Montreal Institute for Genocide and Human Rights Studies, Concordia University *"By problematizing, both theoretically and empirically, the canon of genocide studies, this collection makes an important contribution to an underdeveloped field." -- Jens Meierhenrich * London School of Economics and Political Science *"Hidden Genocides is a timely collection of critical essays that effectively engages scholars in rethinking the way we conceptualize, approach, and teach genocide studies. A must-read for a wide-range of scholars." * Journal of Anthropological Research *"Hinton, La Pointe, and Irvin-Erickson offer a useful prism through which to examine and weigh conventional accounts of genocide. It reveals cover-ups and makes the invisible visible." * Genocide Studies and Prevention *"Hidden Genocides collection is an essential guide to the latest scholarship on genocide studies from an international and comparative perspective." * American Hellenic Institute Policy Journal *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Acknowledgments Introduction: Hidden Genocides: Power, Knowledge, Memory Douglas Irvin-Erickson, Thomas La Pointe, and Alexander Laban Hinton Part One: Genocide and Ways of Knowing 1. Does the Holocaust Reveal or Conceal Other Genocides?: The Canadian Museum for Human Rights and Grievable Suffering A. Dirk Moses 2. Hidden in Plain Sight: Atrocity Concealment in German Political Culture before the First World War Elisa von Joeden-Forgey 3. Beyond the Binary Model: National Security Doctrine in Argentina as a Way of Rethinking Genocide as a Social Practice Daniel Feierstein Part Two: Power, Resistance, and Edges of the State 4. "Simply Bred Out": Genocide and the Ethical in the Stolen Generations Donna-Lee Frieze 5. Historical Amnesia: The "Hidden Genocide" and Destruction of the Indigenous Peoples of the United States Chris Mato Nunpa 6. Circassia: A Small Nation Lost to the Great Game Walter Richmond Part Three: Forgetting, Remembering, and Hidden Genocides 7. The Great Lakes Genocides: Hidden Histories, Hidden Precedents Adam Jones 8. Genocide and the Politics of Memory in Cambodia Alexander Laban Hinton 9. Constructing the "Armenian Genoicde": How Scholars Unremembered the Assyrian and Greek Genocides in the Ottoman Empire Hannibal Travis 10. "The Law Is Such as It Is": Reparations, "Historical Reality," and the Legal Order in the Czech Republic Krista Hegburg Contributors Index

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Book SynopsisFor every survivor of a crime, there is a criminal who forces his way into the victim's thoughts long after the act has been committed. This is the story of Pec, Kosovo's most destroyed city and the site of the earliest and worst atrocities of the war, through the lives of two men-one Serb and one Kosovar.Trade ReviewA heart-rending tale of the execution of innocents, told with eloquence and compassion by a brilliant and courageous young journalist. What is astonishing about this story of death in Pec is that it actually took place in the last year of the twentieth century and in supposedly civilized Europe. Through the life of Isa the butcher, Matt McAllester graphically depicts the precariousness of life in Kosovo under Slobodan Milosevic, and the compromises and indignities imposed upon anyone who through the accident of birth had an Albanian ethnic identity. What makes this a path-breaking account is the author's drive to find the sadistic killers who shot children in cold blood, and his insistence that they explain their crime. The story is unforgettable. -- Roy Gutman,Pulitzer Prize winner and author of A Witness to Genocide, Newsweek diplomatic correspondentBeyond the Mountains of the Damned is about how war destroys society at its most basic level. I read this and understood what happened to ordinary people caught up in extraordinary circumstances during those dark and desperate days in Kosovo. It is a book I will not forget. -- Janine di Giovanni,special correspondent, Vanity Fair and the Times of LondonMatthew McAllester's Beyond the Mountains of the Damned tells the searing and disturbing story of the war in Kosovo. He explains clearly, as few have, what happened and why, and why it matters. His powerful narrative takes us down roads, past checkpoints, and into battle zones, and it plunges us into strange, sad, scarred places where no other reporter has gone. The book has a drive and a momentum that keep you reading even when the sheer horror and stupidity of events is painful. A human as well as a historic tale, told with an eye and an ear for the personal, the individual, the intimate. -- Amy Wilentz,author of Martyrs Crossing and The Rainy Season: Haiti since DuvalierTo write this book, Matt McAllester walked through mountains covered with snow and hatred with rifle shots aimed at him from above. He wrote it with extraordinary talent that is equal to his bravery. -- Jimmy BreslinTable of ContentsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction 1. One Town, Two Lives 2. The Ghosts of Kula Pass 3. Staying Behind 4. The Serbian Canterbury 5. The Friendly Lion and the KLA 6. In the Trunk of a Gray BMW 7. Coffee with Zejnepe 8. Burning 9. Agreements 10. The Illyrian Wolves 11. A Silent Town 12. The Killing 13. A White Plastic Bag in the Long Grass 14. New Roofs,New Cof?ns 15. The Butcher's Business Bibliography About the Author

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Book SynopsisLiving in Death descends into the ordinary life of people who execute hundreds every day, the same way others go to the office. Bringing philosophical sophistication to the ordinary, the book constitutes both an anthropology of mass killers and a challenge to the conditions that make genocide possible.Table of ContentsForeword by Veena Das | vii Introduction | 1 1. Those Who Kill | 13 The Confessions | 14 • The Killers’ Testimonies | 19 2. Monsters: Cruelty and Jouissance | 29 Fictions and Figures of Evil | 32 • The Archaic Remnants of Evil | 39 3. Ordinary Man and His Pathologies | 51 Banality and Mediocrity: The Ordinary According to Arendt | 54 • When Ordinary Men Become Killers | 65 • Blind Obedience and Submission to Authority | 73 • The Pathologies of the Ordinary Man | 81 4. The Administration of Death | 92 To Make Die and Not to Let Live | 97 • The Khmer Rouge Administration of Death, 1975–79 | 102 • From Genocide to Genocidaires | 118 5. The Ordinary Life of Genocidaires | 130 The Executioner | 134 • Forms of Life and Ordinary Lives | 141 • The Neighborhood, or the Elementary Unity of the Genocidal Form of Life | 148 Conclusion | 173 Acknowledgments | 193 Notes | 195

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Book SynopsisExamines a vast corpus of historical material in both English and Japanese, offering provocative findings that challenge orthodox explanations. Written in clear and accessible prose, this uniquely interdisciplinary book will appeal to sociologists, political scientists, and historians researching collective memory, nationalism and cosmopolitanism, and international relations.

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Book SynopsisPresident Bush was roundly criticized for likening America's antiterrorism measures to a "crusade" in 2001. This book addresses the role of neomedievalism in contemporary politics. It concludes with a parsing of Bush administration's torture memos, which enlist neomedievalism's model of feudal sovereignty on behalf of abrogation of human rights.

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Book SynopsisKeith L. Camacho examines the U.S. Navy's war crimes tribunal in Guam between 1944 and 1949 which tried members of Guam's indigenous Chamorro community and Japanese nationals and its role in shaping contemporary domestic and international laws regarding combatants, jurisdiction, and property.Trade Review“Sacred Men is a truly singular work of immense importance. It is original, compelling, and fiercely thought-provoking. Through a theoretical engagement with the Chamorro, Rotanese, and Saipanese indigenous epistemologies, Keith L. Camacho has brought the discussion of U.S. empire, law, sovereignty, militarism, and the working of carceral power to an entirely new horizon in ways no other scholar has done. A pathbreaking, field-shifting intervention.” -- Lisa Yoneyama, author of * Cold War Ruins: Transpacific Critique of American Justice and Japanese War Crimes *“Exceedingly engaging, theoretically accomplished, and incisively researched, Sacred Men unravels the 1944 U.S. military tribunal in Guam, which included the prosecution and torture of Chamorro indigenes. Employing Agamben's homo sacer, Keith L. Camacho provides a razor-sharp analysis of the tribunal as a very real ‘bare life’ event but also as a metaphor for the murder, torture, and foreclosure of political life that has occurred throughout the colonies as ‘states of exception.’” -- Brendan Hokowhitu, coeditor of * The Fourth Eye: Maori Media in Aotearoa New Zealand *"Provocative and engaging, Camacho’s work not only breaks new ground in postcolonial and transpacific studies, but also calls attention to the role that Chamorro, Rotanese, and Saipanese indigenous epistemologies may play in the decolonization and deimperialization of US-occupied Guam." -- Y. Shu * Choice *“Author Keith Camacho is especially interested in developing an analysis of law, justice, incarceration, and punishment in colonial situations...and in weaving this theoretical apparatus into the longer and larger history of US colonial rule in both North America and abroad.... [P]ath-breaking work...” -- Glenn Petersen * Pacific Affairs *“Camacho’s intricately researched and powerfully theorized book Sacred Men is the first to examine, at close range, the U.S. Navy trials of Japanese and native people in Guam before and after 1945.... [It] should be required reading for all graduate students and scholars of war, justice, and the American empire in the Pacific.” -- Franziska Seraphim * Journal of Military History *“Sacred Men makes crucial theoretical, methodological, and historiographical interventions into carceral studies, Indigenous studies, and studies of U.S. empire and militarism.... Sacred Men is an essential resource for scholars of Indigenous peoples, especially those separated by political regimes and imperial boundaries." -- Kristin Oberiano * Amerasia Journal *“Through uncovering these once buried stories, Camacho illustrates a wide range of human responses to the pressures of war and colonial domination. . . . Sacred Men will prove to be a welcome addition to the cannon of Marianas history.” -- Michael R. Clement Jr. * Small States & Territories *Table of ContentsAcknowledgments vii Introduction 1 Part I. The State of Exception 1. War Bodies 29 2. War Crimes 60 Part II. The Bird and the Lizard 3. Native Assailants 89 4. Native Murderers 116 Part III. The Military Colony 5. Japanese Traitors 149 6. Japanese Militarists 181 Conclusion 215 Notes 225 Bibliography 269 Index 283

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Book SynopsisKeith L. Camacho examines the U.S. Navy's war crimes tribunal in Guam between 1944 and 1949 which tried members of Guam's indigenous Chamorro community and Japanese nationals and its role in shaping contemporary domestic and international laws regarding combatants, jurisdiction, and property.Trade Review“Sacred Men is a truly singular work of immense importance. It is original, compelling, and fiercely thought-provoking. Through a theoretical engagement with the Chamorro, Rotanese, and Saipanese indigenous epistemologies, Keith L. Camacho has brought the discussion of U.S. empire, law, sovereignty, militarism, and the working of carceral power to an entirely new horizon in ways no other scholar has done. A pathbreaking, field-shifting intervention.” -- Lisa Yoneyama, author of * Cold War Ruins: Transpacific Critique of American Justice and Japanese War Crimes *“Exceedingly engaging, theoretically accomplished, and incisively researched, Sacred Men unravels the 1944 U.S. military tribunal in Guam, which included the prosecution and torture of Chamorro indigenes. Employing Agamben's homo sacer, Keith L. Camacho provides a razor-sharp analysis of the tribunal as a very real ‘bare life’ event but also as a metaphor for the murder, torture, and foreclosure of political life that has occurred throughout the colonies as ‘states of exception.’” -- Brendan Hokowhitu, coeditor of * The Fourth Eye: Maori Media in Aotearoa New Zealand *"Provocative and engaging, Camacho’s work not only breaks new ground in postcolonial and transpacific studies, but also calls attention to the role that Chamorro, Rotanese, and Saipanese indigenous epistemologies may play in the decolonization and deimperialization of US-occupied Guam." -- Y. Shu * Choice *“Author Keith Camacho is especially interested in developing an analysis of law, justice, incarceration, and punishment in colonial situations...and in weaving this theoretical apparatus into the longer and larger history of US colonial rule in both North America and abroad.... [P]ath-breaking work...” -- Glenn Petersen * Pacific Affairs *“Camacho’s intricately researched and powerfully theorized book Sacred Men is the first to examine, at close range, the U.S. Navy trials of Japanese and native people in Guam before and after 1945.... [It] should be required reading for all graduate students and scholars of war, justice, and the American empire in the Pacific.” -- Franziska Seraphim * Journal of Military History *“Sacred Men makes crucial theoretical, methodological, and historiographical interventions into carceral studies, Indigenous studies, and studies of U.S. empire and militarism.... Sacred Men is an essential resource for scholars of Indigenous peoples, especially those separated by political regimes and imperial boundaries." -- Kristin Oberiano * Amerasia Journal *“Through uncovering these once buried stories, Camacho illustrates a wide range of human responses to the pressures of war and colonial domination. . . . Sacred Men will prove to be a welcome addition to the cannon of Marianas history.” -- Michael R. Clement Jr. * Small States & Territories *Table of ContentsAcknowledgments vii Introduction 1 Part I. The State of Exception 1. War Bodies 29 2. War Crimes 60 Part II. The Bird and the Lizard 3. Native Assailants 89 4. Native Murderers 116 Part III. The Military Colony 5. Japanese Traitors 149 6. Japanese Militarists 181 Conclusion 215 Notes 225 Bibliography 269 Index 283

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Book SynopsisA renowned expert on genocide argues that there is a real risk of violent atrocities happening in the United States If many people were shocked by Donald Trump's 2016 election, many more were stunned when, months later, white supremacists took to the streets of Charlottesville, Virginia, chanting Blood and Soil and Jews will not replace us! Like Trump, the Charlottesville marchers were dismissed as aberrationscrazed extremists who did not represent the real US. It Can Happen Here demonstrates that, rather than being exceptional, such white power extremism and the violent atrocities linked to it are a part of American history. And, alarmingly, they remain a very real threat to the US today. Alexander Hinton explains how murky politics, structural racism, the promotion of American exceptionalism, and a belief that the US has have achieved a color-blind society have diverted attention from the deep roots of white supremacist violence in the US's brutal past. DTrade Review[Alexander Laban] Hinton offers deep instruction for anyone seeking to better understand the bigotry that permeates American society [...] Hinton is deeply concerned with the idea of why people hate and how that hate plays out publicly [...] [W]ell-researched, readable account. * Kirkus Reviews, Starred Review *With sober analysis and in assiduous detail, Hinton explores the ways the United States is 'simmering at a low boil,' and evinces every risk indicator for widespread mass atrocity crimes...Alarming but never alarmist, Hinton provides a chilling introduction to genocide studies through a chronicle of his travails during the Trump years. * Salon.com *Fortunately Hinton does not leave us with problems, but has a solution too: A Truth Commission on White Supremacy and Its Legacies that would extend beyond the aims of the reparations bill following the Black Lives Matter protests in 2020, and open a discussion about the perpetrations of white nationalists and supremacists in a past yet unaccounted for. The understanding Hinton provides to events marking US history is objective, nuanced and noble, and teaches us readers that in seeking to define and judge phenomena and people intelligently, accurately and critically, these must necessarily be placed in the continuum of time and space. * LSE Review of Books *By offering a thorough analysis of Trump’s speeches and alt-right moral economies, It Can Happen Here links America’s history of white supremacy and contemporary struggles over race to perceived threats to America’s future. Hinton clears a new path for critical engagement through the face of public anthropology. Among the best critically engaged writing of our time. A must read! -- Kamari Maxine Clarke, University of California Los AngelesIn chilling detail, It Can Happen Here traces particular racialized patterns that serve as warning and prompt for further examination of the deepest conditions that make genocide possible. -- Alisse Waterston, author of Light in Dark Times: The Human Search for MeaningWith an anthropologist’s eye, Cambodia expert Alexander Laban Hinton analyzes the US white power scene and discerns disturbing parallels with the Khmer Rouge paranoia he has studied so closely. It is the long history of genocide and slavery in this country that provides the historically meaningful framework, he argues, rather than interwar European fascism. Analytically hard-hitting, Hinton’s book is a model of critical reflection. -- A. Dirk Moses, author of The Problems of Genocide: Permanent Security and the Language of TransgressionCould white power advocates’ dreams of racial genocide happen here? Hinton takes on that chilling question by looking at how people think about racial violence, from white supremacists at Charlottesville, to those charged with atrocities in the Cambodian genocide and students in his college classroom. The result is an account that is engaging, informative, and a model of the difficult dialogues in our schools and communities that are needed to begin healing our racially fractured society. -- Kathleen Blee, author of Understanding Racist Activism: Theory, Methods, and ResearchFor those who have been grappling with ways to bring discussions surrounding authoritarianism in the United States, white supremacist violence, and Donald Trump into college and high school classrooms, this book offers a useful template to follow. * Ethnic & Racial Studies *

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Book SynopsisMichael Barnett, who worked at the U.S. Mission to the United Nations from 1993 to 1994, covered Rwanda for much of the genocide. Based on his first-hand expeiences, archival work, and interviews with many key participants, he reconstructs the history of the UN''s involvement in Rwanda. Barnett''s new Afterword to this edition includes his reaction to documents released on the twentieth anniversary of the genocide. He reflects on what the passage of time has told us about what provoked the genocide, its course, and the implications of the ghastly events of 1994 and the grossly inadequate international reactions to them.Trade ReviewMichael Barnett offers a chilling exploration of why the UN froze while about 800,000 Tutsis and Hutu moderates were hacked to death in Rwanda in 1994. * ECONOMIST *Barnett's book is a must-read for anyone concerned with the role that international institutions play in crafting a more peaceful world order. * VIRGINIA QUARTERLY REVIEW *Eyewitness to a Genocide is a searching and nuanced moral analysis. * PUBLISHERS WEEKLY *

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Book SynopsisIn Killing Others, Matthew Lange explores why humans ruthlessly attack and kill people from other ethnic communities. Drawing on an array of cases from around the world and insight from a variety of disciplines, Lange provides a simple yet powerful explanation that pinpoints the influential role of modernity in the growing global prevalence of ethnic violence over the past two hundred years. He offers evidence that a modern ethnic mind-set is the ultimate and most influential cause of ethnic violence.Throughout most of human history, people perceived and valued small sets of known acquaintances and did not identify with ethnicities. Through education, state policy, and other means, modernity ultimately created broad ethnic consciousnesses that led to emotional prejudice, whereby people focus negative emotions on entire ethnic categories, and ethnic obligation, which pushes people to attack Others for the sake of their ethnicity. Modern social transformations also provided a vTrade Review"This theoretically rich, well-illustrated, and engagingly written book is based on sound empirical evidence. It is a must-read for anybody interested in the study of violent conflicts and cultural difference." -- Siniša Malešević, University College Dublin, author of The Sociology of War and Violence"Killing Others is a bold and powerful book that restates the modernist approach to ethnicity and violence with renewed clarity and rigor." -- Andreas Wimmer, Columbia University, author of Waves of War: Nationalism, State Formation, and Ethnic Exclusion in the Modern WorldTable of ContentsIntroduction: Killing Others1. The Nature and Nurture of Ethnic Violence2. Modernity and Ethnic Violence3. Teaching Peace or Violence?4. The Origins of Ethnic Consciousness5. The Origins of Ethnic Pluralism6. Emotional Prejudice and Ethnic Obligations: Motives of Ethnic Violence7. States and Ethnic Violence: Containing Violence or Instigating Unrest?8. From Worst to First: Declining Ethnic Violence in Early Modernizers9. Modernity and Ethnic Violence in Africa, Asia, and Latin America10. The Future of Ethnic Violence

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Book SynopsisIn Amoral Communities, Mila Dragojevic examines how conditions conducive to atrocities against civilians are created during wartime in some communities. She identifies the exclusion of moderates and the production of borders as the main processes. In these places, political and ethnic identities become linked and targeted violence against civilians becomes both tolerated and justified by the respective authorities as a necessary sacrifice for a greater political goal.Dragojevic augments the literature on genocide and civil wars by demonstrating how violence can be used as a political strategy, and how communities, as well as individuals, remember episodes of violence against civilians. The communities on which she focuses are Croatia in the 1990s and Uganda and Guatemala in the 1980s. In each case Dragojevic considers how people who have lived peacefully as neighbors for many years are suddenly transformed into enemies, yet intracommunal violence is not ubiquitous throTrade ReviewOne of the book's assets is that it clearly shows the merits of interdisciplinarity and the wealth of questions that can be asked (and answered) when looking beyond the well-trodden paths of single disciplines. What is more, the author's deliberate breaking open of persisting stereotypes about people somehow being inclined to interact with each other in violent and amoral ways is a stimulating contribution to reviving discussion of the human side of the continuously politicized contexts of the dissolution of Yugoslavia. * Suedosteuropa *The book is particularly impressive in that it shows a nuanced understanding of the specific cases, while still having universal relevance. Amoral Communities is an outstanding contribution to the growing field of studies that examine micro-processes of conflicts. * Southeastern Europe *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Preface Abbreviations Introduction: Civilians in Wars 1. The Making of Amoral Communities 2. Evidence of Amoral Communities 3. The Exclusion of Moderates 4. The Production of Borders 5. Memories and Violence 6. Violence against Civilians as a Political Strategy Conclusion: Preventing Collective Crimes Appendix: An Excerpt from the Field Notes by Helga Paškvan Notes References Index

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Book SynopsisSatellite Empire is an in-depth investigation of the political and social history of the area in southwestern Ukraine under Romanian occupation during World War II. Transnistria was the only occupied Soviet territory administered by a power other than Nazi Germany, a reward for Romanian participation in Operation Barbarossa.Vladimir Solonari''s invaluable contribution to World War II history focuses on three main aspects of Romanian rule of Transnistria: with fascinating insights from recently opened archives, Solonari examines the conquest and delimitation of the region, the Romanian administration of the new territory, and how locals responded to the occupation. What did Romania want from the conquest? The first section of the book analyzes Romanian policy aims and its participation in the invasion of the USSR. Solonari then traces how Romanian administrators attempted, in contradictory and inconsistent ways, to make Transnistria Romanian and civilized while simultanTrade ReviewA Satellite Empire provides the most thorough treatment to date of the administrative structure of Transnistria, the reactions of the local population to the occupation, and the evolution of both over time. * Holocaust and Genocide Studies *Table of ContentsAcknowledgments Abbreviations Note on Toponyms Maps Introduction 1. Conquering and Delimiting Transnistria 2. Defining Aims and Experiencing the Limits of Occupation 3. Configuring TransnistrianAdministration 4. Ruling Transnistria 5. Making Transnistria "Romanian" 6. "Civilizing" Transnistria 7. Extracting Economic Resources 8. Accommodating and Collaborating 9. Resisting, Phase I: Disasters 10. Resisting, Phase II: Recovery toResurgence Conclusion Notes Archival Sources Index

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Book SynopsisHypocrisy and Human Rights examines what human rights pressure does when it does not work. Repressive states with absolutely no intention of complying with their human rights obligations often change course dramatically in response to international pressure. They create toothless commissions, permit but then obstruct international observers'' visits, and pass showpiece legislation while simultaneously bolstering their repressive capacity. Covering debates over transitional justice in Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Cambodia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and other countries, Kate Cronin-Furman investigates the diverse ways in which repressive states respond to calls for justice from human rights advocates, UN officials, and Western governments who add their voices to the victims of mass atrocities to demand accountability. She argues that although international pressure cannot elicit compliance in the absence of domestic motivations to comply, the complexity of tTrade ReviewNonetheless, the book is otherwise a concise yet comprehensive account of how states respond to international pressure when creating justice mechanisms. CroninFurman's analysis is an essential read for anyone wanting to understand both how human rights advocacy works and how civil society organizations should engage on the international stage when they seek to pressure governments to restore and preserve human rights. * International Affairs Book Reviews *Table of ContentsIntroduction 1. The Politics of Pressure 2. The Obligation to Seek Justice 3. Victims and Perpetrators 4. What Happens after Mass Atrocities 5. Doing Just Enough? 6. Choosing your Audience Conclusion

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Book SynopsisPolitics, Violence, Memory highlights important new social scientific research on the Holocaust and initiates the integration of the Holocaust into mainstream social scientific research in a way that will be useful both for social scientists and historians. Until recently social scientists largely ignored the Holocaust despite the centrality of these tragic events to many of their own concepts and theories. In Politics, Violence, Memory the editors bring together contributions to understanding the Holocaust from a variety of disciplines, including political science, sociology, demography, and public health. The chapters examine the sources and measurement of antisemitism; explanations for collaboration, rescue, and survival; competing accounts of neighbor-on-neighbor violence; and the legacies of the Holocaust in contemporary Europe. Politics, Violence, Memory brings new data to bear on these important concerns and shows how older data can bTable of ContentsIntroduction: A Response Delayed 1. Can – Or Should – There Be a Political Science of the Holocaust? 2. Histories in Motion: The Holocaust, Social Science Research, and the Historian Part I: Sites of Violence 3. Pogrom Violence and Visibility during the Kristallnacht Pogrom 4. Historical Legacies and Jewish Survival Strategies during the Holocaust 5. A Common History of Violence? The Pogroms of Summer 1941 in Comparative Perspective 6. Mass Violence without Mass Politics: Political Culture and the Holocaust in Lithuania Part II: New Uses for Old Data on Antisemitism and the Holocaust 7. Territorial Loss and Xenophobia in the Weimar Republic: Evidence from Jewish Bogeymen in Children's Stories 8. Defeating Typhus in the Warsaw Ghetto: A Scientific Look at Historical Sources 9. Holocaust Survival among Immigrant Jews in the Netherlands: A Life Course Approach 10. Normalizing Violence: How Catholic Bishops Facilitated Vichy's Violence against Jews 11. Using the Yad Vashem Transport Database to Examine Gender and Selection during the Holocaust 12. Addressing the Missing Voices in Holocaust Testimony Part III: Legacies of the Holocaust 13. Remembering Past Atrocities: Good or Bad for Attitudes toward Minorities? 14. Legitimating Myths and the Holocaust in Postsocialist States 15. The International Relations of Holocaust Memory Conclusion: From the Micro to the Macro

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Book SynopsisIn To Save Heaven and Earth, Jennie E. Burnet considers people who risked their lives in the 1994 Rwandan genocide of Tutsi to try and save those targeted for killing. Many genocide perpetrators were not motivated by political ideology, ethnic hatred, or prejudice. By shifting away from these classic typologies of genocide studies and focusing instead on hundreds of thousands of discrete acts that unfold over time, Burnet highlights the ways that complex decisions and behaviors emerge in the social, political, and economic processes that constitute a genocide.To Save Heaven and Earth explores external factors, such as geography, local power dynamics, and genocide timelines, as well as the internal states of mind and motivations of those who effected rescues. Framed within the interdisciplinary scholarship of genocide studies and rooted in cultural anthropology methodologies, this book presents stories of heroism and of the good done amid theTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Dynamics of Violence in the Gray Zone 2. Agency and Morality in the Gray Zone 3. Muslim Exceptionalism and Genocide 4. Resistance, Rescue, and Religion 5. The Border as Salvation and Snare 6. At the Margins of the State 7. Altruism, Agency, and Martyrdom in the Gray Zone Conclusion

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Book SynopsisIn To Save Heaven and Earth, Jennie E. Burnet considers people who risked their lives in the 1994 Rwandan genocide of Tutsi to try and save those targeted for killing. Many genocide perpetrators were not motivated by political ideology, ethnic hatred, or prejudice. By shifting away from these classic typologies of genocide studies and focusing instead on hundreds of thousands of discrete acts that unfold over time, Burnet highlights the ways that complex decisions and behaviors emerge in the social, political, and economic processes that constitute a genocide.To Save Heaven and Earth explores external factors, such as geography, local power dynamics, and genocide timelines, as well as the internal states of mind and motivations of those who effected rescues. Framed within the interdisciplinary scholarship of genocide studies and rooted in cultural anthropology methodologies, this book presents stories of heroism and of the good done amid theTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Dynamics of Violence in the Gray Zone 2. Agency and Morality in the Gray Zone 3. Muslim Exceptionalism and Genocide 4. Resistance, Rescue, and Religion 5. The Border as Salvation and Snare 6. At the Margins of the State 7. Altruism, Agency, and Martyrdom in the Gray Zone Conclusion

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Book SynopsisReconciliation by Stealth advances a novel approach to evaluating the effects of transitional justice in postconflict societies. Through her examination of the Balkan conflicts, Denisa Kostovicova asks what happens when former adversaries discuss legacies of violence and atrocity, and whether it is possible to do so without further deepening animosities. Reconciliation by Stealth shifts our attention from what people say about war crimes, to how they deliberate past wrongs. Bringing together theories of democratic deliberation and peacebuilding, Kostovicova demonstrates how people from opposing ethnic groups reconcile through reasoned, respectful, and empathetic deliberation about a difficult legacy. She finds that expression of ethnic difference plays a role in good-quality deliberation across ethnic lines, while revealed intraethnic divisions help deliberators expand moral horizons previously narrowed by conflict. In the process, people forge bonTrade ReviewIn Reconciliation by Stealth, Kostovicova (London School of Economics, England) introduces readers to another way of dealing with war crimes: conversation. The goal is to allow victims and survivors the chance to speak their truths and expose others to them. One's gender, ethnicity, tribal affiliation, and more affects one's ability to speak the truth. * Choice *Table of ContentsIntroduction: Reconciliation through Public Communication 1. Wars, Crimes, and Justice in the Balkans 2. Bringing Identities into Postconflict Deliberation 3. Quantifying Discourse in Transitional Justice 4. Words of Reason and Talk of Pain 5. Who Agrees and Who Disagrees 6. Discursive Solidarity against Identity Politics Conclusion: Reconciliation and Deliberative Interethnic Contact

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Book SynopsisContemporary feminist advocacy in human rights, international criminal law, and peace and security is gripped by the issue of sexual violence in conflict. But it hasn't always been this way. Analyzing feminist international legal and political work over the past three decades, Karen Engle argues that it was not inevitable that sexual violence in conflict would become such a prominent issue. Engle reveals that as feminists from around the world began to pay an enormous amount of attention to sexual violence in conflict, they often did so at the cost of attention to other issues, including the anti-militarism of the women's peace movement; critiques of economic maldistribution, imperialism, and cultural essentialism by feminists from the global South; and the sex-positive positions of many feminists involved in debates about sex work and pornography. The Grip of Sexual Violence in Conflict offers a detailed examination of how these feminist commitments were not merely deprioritized, but undermined, by efforts to address the issue of sexual violence in conflict. Engle's analysis reinvigorates vital debates about feminist goals and priorities, and spurs readers to question much of today's common sense about the causes, effects, and proper responses to sexual violence in conflict. Trade Review"The Grip of Sexual Violence is required reading for understanding how some powerful feminist approaches to international criminal law have produced more problems than solutions. Engle's brilliant and nuanced critique asks us to urgently reconsider the colonial, racial, and cultural assumptions and erasures of such feminism and offers a different path for feminist legal internationalism."—Inderpal Grewal, Yale University"Karen Engle provides a masterful critical account of the politics of 'common sense' that informs feminist interventions in international law. Her incisive analysis of how the discourse on sexual violence in conflict has come to be based on negative images of sex and sexuality and troubling assumptions about gender, war, and peace marks an invaluable and timely contribution to the field."—Ratna Kapur, Queen Mary University of London, School of Law"Engle's brilliant book shows how concern with sexual violence displaced and undermined feminist movements for geopolitical peace and equality, risking a regulatory vision for female bodies instead of a 'sex positive' one. Engle reopens fateful choices and closes with an inspiring vision of a different feminism and a different international law."—Samuel Moyn, author of Not Enough: Human Rights in an Unequal World"Karen Engle has long been a perceptive critic of the ways in which feminists call on international institutions to support feminist causes. Here, she offers a remarkable case study of how ideas and concepts travel and transform, making a powerful argument for a more nuanced account of gender, sex and conflict, which takes the complexity of human experience into account."—Hilary Charlesworth, Melbourne Law School and The Australian National University"Engle critiques the pattern of focusing on wartime sexual violence in order to call for more violence through military intervention.[This] book is well researched, creative, and provocative. Recommended."—D. P. Forsythe, CHOICE"Karen Engle is one of the most remarkable scholars of human rights movements today. Her work has long questioned what are generally perceived [as] some of the greatest successes of human rights and international law, not least in relation to indigenous rights, feminist advocacy and international criminal law....For its potential to inspire new activism and fresh research, The Grip of Sexual Violence in Conflict is doubtless a pivotal contribution to critical scholarship on human rights and feminism."—Mattia Pinto, London Review of International Law"Engle's work is an inspiring and groundbreaking analysis that deserves further in-depth discussions... [The Grip of Sexual Violence in Conflict] is a provocative analysis of the most controversial issues related to feminism, gender, and war that have preoccupied feminist scholars and legal practitioners alike over the past three decades. Engle touches sensitive issues relating to the essence of the book's central argument, and provides convincing answers to many questions, while sometimes leaving the door ajar on issues that were, and still are, under discussion."—Hilmi M. Zawati, Journal of International Criminal Justice

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Book SynopsisA powerful examination of soulful journeys made to recover memory and recuperate stolen pasts in the face of unspeakable histories. Survivors of the Armenian Genocide of 1915 took refuge across the globe. Traumatized by unspeakable brutalities, the idea of returning to their homeland was unthinkable. But decades later, some children and grandchildren felt compelled to travel back, having heard stories of family wholeness in beloved homes and of cherished ancestral towns and villages once in Ottoman Armenia, today in the Republic of Turkey. Hoping to satisfy spiritual yearnings, this new generation called themselves pilgrims—and their journeys, pilgrimages. Carel Bertram joined scores of these pilgrims on over a dozen pilgrimages, and amassed accounts from hundreds more who made these journeys. In telling their stories, A House in the Homeland documents how pilgrims encountered the ancestral house, village, or town as both real and metaphorical centerpieces of family history. Bertram recounts the moving, restorative connections pilgrims made, and illuminates how the ancestral house, as a spiritual place, offers an opening to a wellspring of humanity in sites that might otherwise be defined solely by tragic loss. As an exploration of the powerful links between memory and place, house and homeland, rupture and continuity, these Armenian stories reflect the resilience of diaspora in the face of the savage reaches of trauma, separation, and exile in ways that each of us, whatever our history, can recognize.Trade Review"Original and engrossing, A House in the Homeland relates individual experiences that resonate with universal themes of family, trauma, and home. Carel Bertram's gifts of empathy and storytelling make for a book that is at once heartbreaking and inspiring. Essential for anyone interested in place, memory, and mass violence."—Heghnar Watenpaugh, author of The Missing Pages"Carel Bertram's engrossing and well-researched story of Armenian pilgrimages is of universal importance, resonating with all of us searching for our own personal history and our place within it. This book is not just important to Armenians, but valuable to anyone interested in understanding where their family comes from."—Esther Safran Foer, author of I Want You to Know We're Still Here"Deeply knowledgeable about memory, trauma, pilgrimage, and the sacred, Carel Bertram offers both scholarly expertise and an eloquent, moving narrative. A House in the Homeland illuminates the mutually transformative links between the lost pre-Genocide homes and current homelands of Armenian pilgrims. A truly wonderful book."—Khachig Tölölyan, founding editor of Diaspora"A House in the Homeland speaks to a pressing concern for many Armenians: How to sustain memory of an event that is difficult to trace on its landscape, and which is officially denied by its perpetrator. Bertram has shown that the gap between historical fact and material evidence can be spanned by memorialization and pilgrimage, by witness and dialogue, and for her interlocutors, by keeping their ancestors alive through their family memory-stories."—Aram G. Sarkisian, Material Religion"A House in the Homeland is a remarkable book that offers a unique insight into the thoughts, feelings and deeds of the Armenian genocide survivors and their descendants – the people who have lived their lives in the shade of tragic events that more than a century ago changed the course of Armenian history. Bertram tells a passionate story that engages a reader emotionally as well as intellectually. Skillfully written, her work is highly informative but, at the same time, leaves a reader wanting more – more precious stories of human courage, perseverance, search for meaning and the power of memory."—Konrad Siekierski, Memory Studies"This moving ethnographic study documents Armenian Americans' pilgrimages to eastern Turkey to visit the sites where their ancestors experienced the traumas of the 1915 genocide by Turkish authorities and the related attempts to erase Armenian identity from Turkish society....Including histories, songs, poetry, literature, and personal memories—many originally in Armenian, Kurdish, and Turkish—this enthralling book shares these travelers' stories as they explore their 'Armenian-ness'.... Highly recommended."—V. Clement, CHOICETable of ContentsIntroduction: Where Memory Takes Place 1. The Family Mansion 2. An Erased Village and an Inhabited House 3. The House and Its Sacred Geography 4. Music as Sacred Memory and the Intrusion of the Profane 5. The House-Place and Memory-Stories 6. The Emergence of Rituals 7. Relics: Engaging the Spirits 8. Communion: A Unification of Souls 9. Sacred and Profane: A Poetic Encounter 10. Votives: For Reaching Home 11. Votives: For the Restoration of Something Lost 12. Ex-Votos: Gratitude 13. Shrines: Making Visible the Invisible 14. Blessings: At My Father's House 15. Homeland Music Performs the Village 16. Village Music Performs the Homeland 17. The Bus: Traveling Through a Trauma-scape 18. The Bus: Traveling as Wholeness 19. What Remains: "The Last Armenian" 20. What Remains: Armenians "Everywhere" 21. What Remains: A Homeland of Mirrors Conclusion: Conclusion: Ethnography as Methodology; Poetry as an Analytical Framework

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Book SynopsisA powerful examination of soulful journeys made to recover memory and recuperate stolen pasts in the face of unspeakable histories. Survivors of the Armenian Genocide of 1915 took refuge across the globe. Traumatized by unspeakable brutalities, the idea of returning to their homeland was unthinkable. But decades later, some children and grandchildren felt compelled to travel back, having heard stories of family wholeness in beloved homes and of cherished ancestral towns and villages once in Ottoman Armenia, today in the Republic of Turkey. Hoping to satisfy spiritual yearnings, this new generation called themselves pilgrims—and their journeys, pilgrimages. Carel Bertram joined scores of these pilgrims on over a dozen pilgrimages, and amassed accounts from hundreds more who made these journeys. In telling their stories, A House in the Homeland documents how pilgrims encountered the ancestral house, village, or town as both real and metaphorical centerpieces of family history. Bertram recounts the moving, restorative connections pilgrims made, and illuminates how the ancestral house, as a spiritual place, offers an opening to a wellspring of humanity in sites that might otherwise be defined solely by tragic loss. As an exploration of the powerful links between memory and place, house and homeland, rupture and continuity, these Armenian stories reflect the resilience of diaspora in the face of the savage reaches of trauma, separation, and exile in ways that each of us, whatever our history, can recognize.Trade Review"Original and engrossing, A House in the Homeland relates individual experiences that resonate with universal themes of family, trauma, and home. Carel Bertram's gifts of empathy and storytelling make for a book that is at once heartbreaking and inspiring. Essential for anyone interested in place, memory, and mass violence."—Heghnar Watenpaugh, author of The Missing Pages"Carel Bertram's engrossing and well-researched story of Armenian pilgrimages is of universal importance, resonating with all of us searching for our own personal history and our place within it. This book is not just important to Armenians, but valuable to anyone interested in understanding where their family comes from."—Esther Safran Foer, author of I Want You to Know We're Still Here"Deeply knowledgeable about memory, trauma, pilgrimage, and the sacred, Carel Bertram offers both scholarly expertise and an eloquent, moving narrative. A House in the Homeland illuminates the mutually transformative links between the lost pre-Genocide homes and current homelands of Armenian pilgrims. A truly wonderful book."—Khachig Tölölyan, founding editor of Diaspora"A House in the Homeland speaks to a pressing concern for many Armenians: How to sustain memory of an event that is difficult to trace on its landscape, and which is officially denied by its perpetrator. Bertram has shown that the gap between historical fact and material evidence can be spanned by memorialization and pilgrimage, by witness and dialogue, and for her interlocutors, by keeping their ancestors alive through their family memory-stories."—Aram G. Sarkisian, Material Religion"A House in the Homeland is a remarkable book that offers a unique insight into the thoughts, feelings and deeds of the Armenian genocide survivors and their descendants – the people who have lived their lives in the shade of tragic events that more than a century ago changed the course of Armenian history. Bertram tells a passionate story that engages a reader emotionally as well as intellectually. Skillfully written, her work is highly informative but, at the same time, leaves a reader wanting more – more precious stories of human courage, perseverance, search for meaning and the power of memory."—Konrad Siekierski, Memory Studies"This moving ethnographic study documents Armenian Americans' pilgrimages to eastern Turkey to visit the sites where their ancestors experienced the traumas of the 1915 genocide by Turkish authorities and the related attempts to erase Armenian identity from Turkish society....Including histories, songs, poetry, literature, and personal memories—many originally in Armenian, Kurdish, and Turkish—this enthralling book shares these travelers' stories as they explore their 'Armenian-ness'.... Highly recommended."—V. Clement, CHOICETable of ContentsIntroduction: Where Memory Takes Place 1. The Family Mansion 2. An Erased Village and an Inhabited House 3. The House and Its Sacred Geography 4. Music as Sacred Memory and the Intrusion of the Profane 5. The House-Place and Memory-Stories 6. The Emergence of Rituals 7. Relics: Engaging the Spirits 8. Communion: A Unification of Souls 9. Sacred and Profane: A Poetic Encounter 10. Votives: For Reaching Home 11. Votives: For the Restoration of Something Lost 12. Ex-Votos: Gratitude 13. Shrines: Making Visible the Invisible 14. Blessings: At My Father's House 15. Homeland Music Performs the Village 16. Village Music Performs the Homeland 17. The Bus: Traveling Through a Trauma-scape 18. The Bus: Traveling as Wholeness 19. What Remains: "The Last Armenian" 20. What Remains: Armenians "Everywhere" 21. What Remains: A Homeland of Mirrors Conclusion: Conclusion: Ethnography as Methodology; Poetry as an Analytical Framework

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Book SynopsisNever before has such damning evidence of war crimes and crimes against humanity been revealed in the midst of a conflict. As civil war raged in Syria, we owe the disclosure of this evidence to one man. He goes under the codename of Caesar. This military police photographer was required to document the murder and torture of thousands of Syrian civilians in the custody of the Assad regime. Over the course of two years he used a police computer to copy the photos, and in 2013 he risked his life to smuggle out 53,000 photos and documents that show prisoners tortured, starved and burned to death. In January 2015, in the American magazine Foreign Affairs, President Bashar al-Assad claimed that this military photographer didn’t exist. “Who took the pictures? Who is he? Nobody knows. There is no verification of any of this evidence, so it’s all allegations without evidence.” Caesar exists. The author of this book has spent dozens of hours with him. His testimony is extraordinary, his photos shocking. The uncovering of the workings of the Syrian death machine that underpins his account is a descent into the unspeakable. In 2014 Caesar testified before the House Foreign Affairs Committee and his testimony provided crucial evidence for a bipartisan bill, the Caesar Syria Civilian Protection Act, that was presented to Congress in 2016. Caesar’s photos have also been shown in the United Nations Headquarters in New York and at the Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington D.C. For the first time, this book tells Caesar’s story.Trade ReviewThe winner of the Geschwister Scholl Prize'The images conjure memories of some of history's worst atrocities.'The New York Times'The Syrian defector known as 'Caesar'… helped expose some of the worst war crimes of our generation.'The Washington Post'Shocking evidence of torture out of Assad's dungeons'The GuardianTable of Contents Prologue Locations where the witnesses of this book were detained List of Syrians who bear witness in this book Foreword – Steven Heydeman Preface 1. Revelation. Testimony. Accusation 2. Profession Corpse Photographer 3. The Routine Turns to Horror 4. The Archives of Death 5. Communities and Religions 6. Caught in the Crossfire 7. With the Families of the Disappeared 8. A Duty to Get Out Alive 9. The Failure of Gradual Diplomacy 10. Testimony in Washington Appendices Acknowledgements Select Bibliography

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Book SynopsisTerrortimes, Terrorscapes: Continuities of Space, Time, and Memory in Twentieth-Century War and Genocide investigates interconnections between space and violence throughout the twentieth century, and how such connections informed collective memory. The interdisciplinary volume shows how entangled notions of time and space amplified by memory narratives led to continuities of violence across different conflicts creating "terrortimes" and "terrorscapes" in their wake. The volume examines such continuities of violence with the help of an analytical framework built around different themes. Its first part, spatial and temporal continuities of violence, looks at contested spaces and ideas of national, ethnic, or religious homogeneity that are often at the heart of prolonged conflicts. The second part, on states and actors, addresses the role of states as enablers of violence, asymmetric power dynamics, and the connection between imperialism and genocide in Africa. Imagination and emotion—the focus of the third part—explores utopian visions and their limits that instigate or hinder, and the mobilization of emotion through propaganda. Finally, the fourth part shows how the recollection of the past sometimes triggers new terrortimes. Departing from an understanding of violence limited to certain areas and time frames, this volume describes continuities of violence as overlapping fabrics woven together from notions of space, time, and memory.Table of Contents List of Figures Introduction. Terrortimes and Terrorscapes? Rethinking Continuities of Space, Time, and Memory, by Volker Benkert and Michael Mayer Part 1. Spatial and Temporal Continuities 1. Contested Spaces: Criminalization of Marginalized Communities in Former Habsburg Lands in the First Half of the Twentieth Century: The Case Study of Austrian Zigeuner ("Gypsies"), by Ursula K. Mindler-Steiner 2. Space and Ideas of National, Ethnic, or Religious Homogeneity: Polish and German Jewish Survivors in the Recovered Territories in Post – World War II Poland, by Anna Cichopek-Gajraj Part 2. States and Actors 3. States as Contributors to or Enablers of Violence: Colonial Thinking Is Still with Us: Investigating the Colonial Record on the Occupation of Jambi and Rengat (1948 – 49) in the Indonesian War of Independence, by Bart Luttikhuis 4. Asymmetric Power Relations: Jihad Made in Germany? Creating Terrorscapes through German Undercover Intelligence Operations against Britain and Russia in Afghanistan, India, and Persia during the First World War: An Entangled History of Violence, by Michael Mayer 5. Third-Party Actors and the Question of Genocide: Imperialism and the Question of Genocide in Colonial-Era Africa, by Jason Bruner Part 3. Imagination and Emotions 6. Utopian Ideologies and Their Limits: Private Lives in Wartime France: Desertion, Divorce, and Deprivation, by Rachel G. Fuchs 7. Emotion, Hope, Fear, and Belonging : Soviet Wartime Jazz: Propaganda and Popular Culture on the Eastern Front, by Benjamin Beresford Part 4. Memory Continuities 8. Crafting the History of Terrortimes 1: Manufactured Memory: Crafting the Cult of the Great Patriotic War, by Yan Mann 9. Crafting the History of Terrortimes 2: Compartmentalized Memory: Coming to Terms with the Nazi Past and the Discourse on German Sufferings at the Turn of the Millennium, by Volker Benkert 10. Terrortimes in Transnational Perspective 1: Between National and European Memory? About Temporal and Spatial (Dis)Continuities in Post-1989 Dutch Memory Culture, by Ilse Raaijmakers 11. Terrortimes in Transnational Perspective 2: Remembering the Holocaust: Opportunities and Challenges, by Georgi Verbeeck Epilogue. The Yardstick of History and the Measure of Redemption: Difficult Pasts in the United States and Germany Today, by Volker Benkert About the Contributors

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Book SynopsisTerrortimes, Terrorscapes: Continuities of Space, Time, and Memory in Twentieth-Century War and Genocide investigates interconnections between space and violence throughout the twentieth century, and how such connections informed collective memory. The interdisciplinary volume shows how entangled notions of time and space amplified by memory narratives led to continuities of violence across different conflicts creating "terrortimes" and "terrorscapes" in their wake. The volume examines such continuities of violence with the help of an analytical framework built around different themes. Its first part, spatial and temporal continuities of violence, looks at contested spaces and ideas of national, ethnic, or religious homogeneity that are often at the heart of prolonged conflicts. The second part, on states and actors, addresses the role of states as enablers of violence, asymmetric power dynamics, and the connection between imperialism and genocide in Africa. Imagination and emotion—the focus of the third part—explores utopian visions and their limits that instigate or hinder, and the mobilization of emotion through propaganda. Finally, the fourth part shows how the recollection of the past sometimes triggers new terrortimes. Departing from an understanding of violence limited to certain areas and time frames, this volume describes continuities of violence as overlapping fabrics woven together from notions of space, time, and memory.Table of Contents List of Figures Introduction. Terrortimes and Terrorscapes? Rethinking Continuities of Space, Time, and Memory, by Volker Benkert and Michael Mayer Part 1. Spatial and Temporal Continuities 1. Contested Spaces: Criminalization of Marginalized Communities in Former Habsburg Lands in the First Half of the Twentieth Century: The Case Study of Austrian Zigeuner ("Gypsies"), by Ursula K. Mindler-Steiner 2. Space and Ideas of National, Ethnic, or Religious Homogeneity: Polish and German Jewish Survivors in the Recovered Territories in Post – World War II Poland, by Anna Cichopek-Gajraj Part 2. States and Actors 3. States as Contributors to or Enablers of Violence: Colonial Thinking Is Still with Us: Investigating the Colonial Record on the Occupation of Jambi and Rengat (1948 – 49) in the Indonesian War of Independence, by Bart Luttikhuis 4. Asymmetric Power Relations: Jihad Made in Germany? Creating Terrorscapes through German Undercover Intelligence Operations against Britain and Russia in Afghanistan, India, and Persia during the First World War: An Entangled History of Violence, by Michael Mayer 5. Third-Party Actors and the Question of Genocide: Imperialism and the Question of Genocide in Colonial-Era Africa, by Jason Bruner Part 3. Imagination and Emotions 6. Utopian Ideologies and Their Limits: Private Lives in Wartime France: Desertion, Divorce, and Deprivation, by Rachel G. Fuchs 7. Emotion, Hope, Fear, and Belonging : Soviet Wartime Jazz: Propaganda and Popular Culture on the Eastern Front, by Benjamin Beresford Part 4. Memory Continuities 8. Crafting the History of Terrortimes 1: Manufactured Memory: Crafting the Cult of the Great Patriotic War, by Yan Mann 9. Crafting the History of Terrortimes 2: Compartmentalized Memory: Coming to Terms with the Nazi Past and the Discourse on German Sufferings at the Turn of the Millennium, by Volker Benkert 10. Terrortimes in Transnational Perspective 1: Between National and European Memory? About Temporal and Spatial (Dis)Continuities in Post-1989 Dutch Memory Culture, by Ilse Raaijmakers 11. Terrortimes in Transnational Perspective 2: Remembering the Holocaust: Opportunities and Challenges, by Georgi Verbeeck Epilogue. The Yardstick of History and the Measure of Redemption: Difficult Pasts in the United States and Germany Today, by Volker Benkert About the Contributors

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Book SynopsisThe Disappeared tells the extraordinary saga of Argentina’s attempt to right the wrongs of an unspeakably dark past. Using a recent human rights trial as his lens, Sam Ferguson addresses two central questions of our age: How is mass atrocity possible, and What should be done in its wake? From 1976 to 1983 thousands of people were the victims of state terrorism during Argentina’s so-called Dirty War. Ferguson recounts a twenty-two-month trial of the most notorious perpetrators of this atrocity, who ran a secret prison from the Naval Mechanics School in Buenos Aires. The navy executed as many as five thousand political “subversives,” most of whom were sedated and thrown alive out of airplanes into the South Atlantic. The victims of these secret death flights and others who went missing during the regime are known as los desaparecidos—“the disappeared.” Ferguson explores Argentina’s novel response to mass atrocity: the country’s remarkable and controversial decisions in 2003 to repeal a series of amnesty laws passed in the 1980s and to prosecute anew the perpetrators of the Dirty War a generation after the collapse of the country's last dictatorship. As of 2022 more than one thousand aging military officers have been indicted for their involvement in the Dirty War and hundreds of trials have commenced in the country’s civilian courts. Among the many facets of the book, Ferguson takes an in-depth look at allegations that Father Jorge Mario Bergoglio, now Pope Francis, was involved in the disappearance of two Jesuit priests under his supervision in 1976. Bergoglio was called to testify in a closed-chambers session. Ferguson reviewed those secret proceedings and uses them as a springboard to explore the Argentine Catholic Church and its broader role in the Dirty War. The lingering but acute trauma of the victims who testified at the trial underscores the moral urgency of accountability. When a state strips its citizens of all their rights, the only response that approximates reparation is to restore the rule of law and punish the perpetrators. Yet the trial also revealed the limits of using criminal law to respond to mass atrocity. Justice demands a laser-like focus on evidence relevant to a crime, but atrocity begs for social understanding. Can the law ever bring full justice? Trade Review“With the eye of a novelist and the brilliance of a lawyer, Sam Ferguson has given us a gripping and world-illuminating account of Argentina’s relentless and almost heroic attempt to confront the horrors of its past.”—Owen Fiss, Sterling Professor Emeritus of Law, Yale Law School“Sam Ferguson’s book tells the remarkable saga of this twenty-two-month trial and the larger story of how and why Argentina is prosecuting its aging Dirty Warriors. It wrestles with the deepest questions of whether law can do justice for the past. This is an important and timely book that should be read by all of those who are interested in fostering international human rights and promoting democracy—and a reminder that societies never really turn the page on the past.”—Tina Rosenberg, Pulitzer Prize– and National Book Award–winning author of The Haunted: Facing Europe’s Ghosts after Communism“In The Disappeared Sam Ferguson asks an urgent moral question: what does justice look like in the aftermath of atrocity? If that question remains an abstraction in too many places around the world, Ferguson addresses it concretely—and unforgettably—in this riveting new account. . . . In Ferguson’s hands you’ll feel as if you, too, are sitting in the repurposed movie theater with the faded pink drapes in 2009, watching an important political spectacle commence. But The Disappeared also offers a clear-eyed assessment of the limits of the law and the kinds of collective heartbreak it is not equipped to heal.”—Sarah Stillman, staff writer for the New Yorker“The true birth of the contemporary human rights movement can be traced not to Nuremberg or even to Auschwitz but to the dark recesses of the Naval Mechanics School in Buenos Aires. . . . [The Disappeared] is a gripping narrative; Sam Ferguson has written a fascinating, painstaking, and necessary book. Anyone who cares about human rights—or indeed the human condition—must read it.”—Mark Danner, author of The Massacre at El Mozote“Can there ever be justice for Latin America’s disappeared? This remarkable book analyzes the question through the prism of Argentina’s contemporary crimes against humanity trials for atrocities committed during its so-called ‘Dirty War’ of the 1970s and the possibility of delayed justice. As a lawyer and observer, Ferguson presents a keen understanding in this nuanced and highly readable account. . . . Through [Ferguson’s] interviews, comprehensive research, and first-hand observations, a lucid narrative emerges here: Argentina has imagined and created a better future through the trials by opening up its dark past. Argentina has achieved a level of self-reflection and judgment that tragically remains largely exceptional among nations. Given the rise of authoritarianism around the world, this is hugely necessary and riveting reading for students, academics, and political analysts alike.”—Ruti G. Teitel, Ernst C. Stiefel Professor of Comparative Law at New York Law School and author of Globalizing Transitional JusticeTable of ContentsList of Illustrations Acknowledgements Introduction One: A Beginning of Sorts Two: The Argentine Enigma Three: The Prosecution's Case Four: Opening Silence Five: Trials Before the Trial Six: The Brutality of the ESMA Seven: Rodolfo Walsh Eight: The Santa Cruz Raid Nine: Between Memory, Truth and Justice Ten: The Jesuits Eleven: Closing Arguments and Verdict Epilogue Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe thirst for post-World War II justice transcended the Cold War and mobilized diverse social groups. This is a story of their multilayered and at times conflictual interactions. In this edited collection, sixteen historians develop a new approach to the trials against persons accused of war crimes and mass murder in Europe during the ascendancy of Nazism and the Second World War (1933-1945). Focusing on the social aspects of the demand for justice and making use of previously underexploited local and international sources, contributors put to the test the notion of "show trials" and explore a range of judicial and political cultures from Germany to the Soviet Union. Essays uncover the expectations around accountability and forms of mobilization on the part of a range of citizens involved in the trials: survivors, witnesses, perpetrators, Nazi hunters, and civic activists. In addition to the perspective of these citizens, contributors invoke the expertise of reporters, filmmakers, historians, investigators, and prosecutors who shaped public representations of justice. These shaping efforts, the authors show, often supported the desire of political authorities to benefit from the publicity of the trials and to contain the spontaneous dissemination of information. The book's close examination of interactions between citizens and authorities thus demonstrates the extent and limits of what might be called a "coproduction" of justice, in the process shedding light on the interdependence between historical knowledge and legal prosecution of mass crimes.Table of ContentsTable of Figures Introduction V. Voisin, E. Le Bourhis, and I. Tcherneva List of Abbreviations Part I - Justice and visibility Shaping the Spectacle: Politics and Professional Practices Chapter 1. Justice in Mantle Coats: Shooting the Bulgarian People's Courts in Revolutionary Times, 1944-1945 Nadège Ragaru Chapter 2. The Nuremberg Trials - To Stage or Not to Stage: Conflicting Visions and Creative Differences Sylvie Lindeperg/Camille Noûs Chapter 3. Evidence and Soviet Rhetorical Devices: Staging Justice at the Nuremberg Trial Victor Barbat Disclosing Data: Doubt and Uncertainty Chapter 4. Tensions Between Secrecy and Publicity: Internment, Investigation, Extradition, and Convictions in the Soviet Occupation Zone in Germany, 1945-1950 Enrico Heitzer and Julia Landau Chapter 5. Concentration Camp Crimes on Trial, on TV, and in Civic Education. Bonn 1958-1959 Götz Lachwitz Chapter 6. Law and Accountability, Secrecy and Guilt: Soviet Trawniki Defendants' Trials, 1960-1970 David Alan Rich Part II - Justice and social mobilization From Rumor to Testimony: Challenges in Voluntary Social Involvement Chapter 7. Rehabilitation of individuals suspected of collaboration: The Jewish Civic Court by the Central Committee of Jews in Poland, 1946-1950 Katarzyna Person Chapter 8. Risks and Results of Citizens' Commitments: The Kačerovski Case in Riga, 1958-1963 Eric Le Bourhis and Irina Tcherneva Chapter 9. Mediators behind the Scenes: The World Jewish Congress and the International Auschwitz Committee during the Preparations for the First Auschwitz Trial in Frankfurt Katharina Stengel Individual and Collective Advocacy Chapter 10. Accusing Hans Globke, 1960-1963: Agency and the Iron Curtain Jasmin Söhner and Máté Zombory Chapter 11. The Fils et Filles des Déportés Juifs de France and the Lischka Trial in Cologne, 1971-1980 Anne Klein and Birte Klarzyk List of Contributors Index

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Book SynopsisThe Brereton report — the findings of a long-running inquiry into war crimes allegations involving members of the Australian Special Operations Task Group during their 2005–13 deployment to Afghanistan — was publicly released on 23 November 2020.Veiled Valour, from one of Australia's most respected military affairs analysts, explores the background to these allegations — the gradual demise of the Afghan state and society, the decision to deploy Special Forces personnel to Central Asia after 2001, the inquiries into apparent mistakes and alleged misconduct, and the shocking hearsay and rumours that led to a formal inquiry.Ending the day before the Brereton report's public release, Veiled Valour sheds light on why the inquiry was necessary, how its investigations were conducted, where the media influenced its direction and what the public expected to be told about its military elite.

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Book SynopsisBerlin, 1933: as Hitler rises to power, the law - designed to protect and serve - becomes twisted to the will of those who dream of a pure Aryan race. SS Officer Walter Gunther is intensely loyal to the Third Reich. His readiness to kill without question or remorse would seem to make him the ideal candidate to lead the T4 euthanasia programme. SS Officer Karl Muller, a trainee doctor and engineer, is also brought into the programme, and assured that his work is consistent with the Hippocratic oath he's due to take. Their mandate: to kill the "unworthies" - not just the Jews, but crippled children, the mentally ill, homosexuals. Hedda, Walter's wife and old acquaintance of Karl, has no idea of what their work entails. Until, that is, the fate of their families is at stake, and each must confront afresh the choices they have made. This dark, tense novel is a compelling story of human tragedy, and man's potential to revel in, or fight against, the evil actions of a corrupted nation.

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Book SynopsisThe permanent five (P5) members of the United Nations Security Council ? China, France, Russia, the UK, and the USA - have a firm duty to prevent genocide in light of the due diligence standard under conventional, customary, and peremptory international law. This perceptive book explores the positive obligations of these states to act both within and without the Security Council context to prevent or suppress imminent or on-going genocide.John Heieck successfully argues why the duty to prevent genocide is not only a customary, but also an absolute norm of international law, and analyses the scope of the due diligence standard regarding the duty to prevent genocide. In doing so, he considers the ramifications of this on the actions of the P5 members of the Security Council, both within and outside of this eminent body. Significantly, Heieck proposes a legal test for identifying jus cogens norms, and explores the effect of these on the actions and omissions of specifically identified members of the United Nations (UN).Topical and insightful, A Duty to Prevent Genocide will be an important read for both academics and students of international law and politics who wish to further understand the legal nature of the duty of the P5 members to prevent genocide. It will also provide valuable insights for policymakers of the P5 member states.Trade Review'This is a closely argued and well-written book, which combines a firm grasp of controversial issues in international law, with a genuine and enthusiastic originality. Heieck's focus is the duty to prevent genocide. He asks the question how this duty affects the bedrock principle of the current international order - the prohibition of the use of force. Highly recommended for students and scholars of international law.' --Bill Bowring, University of London, UK'John Heieck wades into one of the murkiest and most politically fraught issues of our time - what the duty to prevent genocide requires of states, particularly the members of the P5 - and does so with aplomb. Future scholarship on genocide will ignore this brave and intelligent book at its peril.' --Kevin Jon Heller, University of Amsterdam, the NetherlandsTable of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. The P5’s Duty to Prevent Genocide under the Genocide Convention 2. The P5’s Duty to Prevent Genocide under Customary International Law 3. The Conflict between the P5’s Duty to Prevent Genocide and the P5’s Rights and Duties under Conventional and Customary International Law 4. Resolving the Conflict between the P5’s Duty to Prevent Genocide and the P5’s Rights and Duties under Conventional and Customary Law Conclusion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe 1994 Rwandan genocide against the Tutsi was the signature moral horror of the late 20th century. Andrew Wallis reveals, for the first time, the personal lives and crimes of the family group (`Akazu’) that destroyed their country and left one million dead. Wallis’ meticulous research uncovers a broad landscape of terror, looking back to the `forgotten’ Rwandan genocide of the early 1960s and the failure by the international community, to learn lessons of prevention and punishment, a failure that would be repeated thirty years later. Taking the rise and fall of Akazu personalities and their mafia-like network as its central strand, Stepp'd in Blood reveals how they were aided and abetted by western governments and the churches for decades. And how post-1994, many successfully evaded international justice to enjoy comfortable retirements in the same countries that supported them when they were in power. Stepp'd in Blood publishes in the year of the 25th commemoration of the Rwandan Genocide.

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Book SynopsisProviding a novel multi-disciplinary theorization of memory politics, this insightful Handbook brings varied literatures into a focused dialogue on the ways in which the past is remembered and how these influence transnational, interstate, and global politics in the present. With case studies from Africa, East and Southeast Asia, Europe, South America, and the United States, the Handbook focuses on the political features of historical memory in international relations. Chapters examine key concepts of memory politics, including accountability, commemoration and memorialization, the Europeanization of memory, and the politics of trauma and victimhood, as well as analyzing different sites of memory, from the human body and memorial sites to media, film, and television. It also answers essential questions such as who and what determines the relevance of the past in the present; how does memory become a political question; and what are the political effects and ethical implications of its mobilization? Exploring the links between the politics of memory, international ethics, law, and diplomacy, this stimulating Handbook will be essential reading for students and scholars of politics and international relations, cultural studies, history, and transitional justice. Its discussion of notable agents and practices of memory politics will also be beneficial for practitioners working in human rights, politics, and public policy.Trade Review‘Whether in the Russian invasion of Ukraine or in endless conflicts about monuments and school curricula, never before have the politics of memory so dramatically shaped international and domestic politics. This landmark collection of multidisciplinary essays represents the cutting edge of memory studies for scholars and practitioners.’ -- A. Dirk Moses, The City College of New York, US‘The Handbook is a long-awaited, excellent collective discussion on the critical question of memory politics, bringing many different disciplinary perspectives and regional focuses into dialogue. A must-read for all interested in how histories are reinterpreted in light of our present world.’ -- Marlene Laruelle, The George Washington University, US‘This is a superb survey of the politics of memory. Thematically wide-ranging and theoretically sophisticated, it will be of great value to both students and established scholars looking to explore the complex and endlessly contested relationship between past and present.’ -- Duncan Bell, University of Cambridge, UKTable of ContentsContents: 1 Politics of memory: a conceptual introduction 1 Maria Mälksoo PART I CONCEPTS AND CONTROVERSIES 2 Memory, identity and its politics 18 Felix Berenskötter 3 Ontological security and the politics of memory in international relations 31 Filip Ejdus 4 (Inter)national ethics and the politics of memory 46 Brent J. Steele and Luke B. Campbell 5 Law and the politics of memory 65 Uladzislau Belavusau 6 Europeanising memory: the European Union’s politics of memory 81 Aline Sierp 7 Provincializing European memory: transregional heritage politics and memory ethics across China’s Belt(s) and Road(s) Initiative(s) 95 John Njenga Karugia PART II ACTORS AND PRACTICES 8 Agents of memory politics 116 Laure Neumayer 9 The politics of commemoration and memorialization 130 Ljiljana Radonić 10 The politics of trauma and victimhood 147 Adam B. Lerner 11 Regretful memory politics: the way forward or a dead end? 163 Mano Toth 12 The politics of accountability 176 Victor Igreja 13 The politics of reconciliation and memory 191 Johanna Mannergren Selimovic PART III TOOLS AND SITES 14 The human body as site of memory politics 204 Jessica Auchter 15 Memorial sites: siting and sighting memory 216 Charlotte Heath-Kelly 16 Hunting down monuments: the CAF model—characteristics, actors, and functions 228 Ana Milošević 17 Memory in international diplomacy 246 Kathrin Bachleitner 18 (New) media memory 258 Nicole Maurantonio 19 Film, television, and the politics of memory in post-postracial America 272 Alison Landsberg 20 History education 285 Kazuya Fukuoka PART IV CONTEMPORARY CASES 21 World War II in global historical memory 304 Patrick Finney 22 Holocaust and global politics of memory 321 Jelena Subotić 23 ‘Culture war’: the contradictions of conservative representations in the mnemonic battle over the British Empire 334 Tom Bentley 24 Beyond bilateral conflict in the international politics of memory in East Asia: anxiety and reconciliation 349 Karl Gustafsson 25 Remembering the war, forgetting Stalin’s repressions: appeals to family memory in contemporary Russia 362 Ekaterina Haskins 26 From the ‘victim societies’ to the ‘societies of victimisation’: the memory of military atrocities in South America 377 Henrique Tavares Furtado Index

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Book SynopsisProviding an intellectual biography of the challenging concept of genocide from inception to present day, this topical Handbook takes an interdisciplinary approach to shed new light on the events, processes, and legacies in the field.Reaching beyond the traditional study of canonical genocides and related pathologies of behaviour, this Handbook strives to spell out the multiple dimensions of genocide studies as an academic realm. In doing so, it incorporates a vast range of methods and disciplines, including historiography, archival research, listening to testimony, philosophical inquiry, film studies, and art criticism. Contributors address a broad array of episodes, including genocides of indigenous populations in the Americas and Africa, the Armenian genocide, the Holocaust, twentieth-century genocides in Indonesia, Cambodia, Rwanda, Bosnia, and twenty-first-century genocides in Iraq, Myanmar, and China. By developing a cross-disciplinary framework, this Handbook showcases the diversity that comprises the field and creates a rich understanding of the origin, effects, and legacy of genocide.With a wide variety of perspectives, this Handbook will prove an invigorating read for students and scholars of international and human rights, public policy, and political geography and geopolitics, particularly those interested in genocide studies and the UN Genocide Convention.Trade Review‘Reflecting the multi-disciplinary nature of genocide studies, this is an advanced Handbook of Genocide Studies, which engages with challenges in the field of genocide studies by examining how particular genocides and aspects of the genocide process impact the study of genocide. Taking the reader through key concepts, such as the birth of the term “genocide”, specific genocides, particular aspects of genocide, and important practical aspects of genocide such as genocide prevention, this is a valuable text for students and scholars of any discipline seeking to explore how we research this challenging field of study.’ -- Melanie O’Brien, University of Western Australia and International Association of Genocide ScholarsTable of ContentsContents: Introduction to the Handbook of Genocide Studies 1 David J. Simon PART I THE BIRTH OF A CONCEPT 1 The history of Raphaël Lemkin and the UN Genocide Convention 7 Douglas Irvin-Erickson PART II GENOCIDE STUDIES: HISTORY AND IDEAS 2 Genocide of Indigenous peoples in North America 28 David MacDonald 3 Destroying to replace: reflections on motive forces behind civilian-driven violence in settler genocides of Indigenous peoples 42 Mohamed Adhikari 4 The historiography of the Armenian genocide 54 Suren Manukyan 5 Holocaust research and genocide studies: facing the problem of integration 72 Charlotte Kiechel PART III GENOCIDE STUDIES AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 6 The interpretation and (non-)application of the Genocide Convention during the Cold War 85 Anton Weiss-Wendt 7 Mass murder and genocide in Indonesia and Cambodia, 1965–79: Cold War, state, and region 95 Ben Kiernan 8 The impact of genocide in Rwanda and Bosnia on genocide policy and genocide studies 106 David J. Simon PART IV GENOCIDE STUDIES AS SOCIAL SCIENCE 9 State strategies to implement (and hide) genocide in China and Myanmar since 2017 123 Magnus Fiskesjö 10 Genocide prevention: perspectives from psychological and social economic choice models 142 Charles H. Anderton 11 The potential of – and problems with – perpetrator research 158 Christian Gudehus 12 Making choices: the roles of rescuers in Rwanda and Bosnia 172 Leora Kahn 13 Trauma, grief, and bereavement after genocide: the Rwandan case 181 Amélie Faucheux 14 Religion and genocide studies 198 Kate E. Temoney 15 Gender and sexual violence in genocide 214 Anna Di Lellio PART V GENOCIDE STUDIES IN THE ARTS AND HUMANITES 16 Reframing the moment of first contact: lessons from the cinematic genre of science fiction 227 Daniel Conway 17 Music and genocide 238 Stéphanie Khoury 18 A network of witnesses: photography and genocide 249 Paul Lowe 19 Historical burden: art after genocide 263 Elmedin Žunić 20 Museums and the memory of genocide 277 Amy Sodaro PART VI GENOCIDE IN DISCOURSE 21 Questionable practices in genocide discourse 290 Aleksandar Jokic Index

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the most polemical atrocity of the Spanish Civil War: the massacre of 2,500 political prisoners by Republican security forces in the villages of Paracuellos and Torrejâon de Ardoz near Madrid in November/December 1936. The atrocity took place while Santiago Carrillo -- later Communist Party leader in the 1970s -- was responsible for public order. Although Carrillo played a key role in the transition to democracy after Franco's death in 1975, he passed away at the age of 97 in 2012 still denying any involvement in 'Paracuellos' (the generic term for the massacres). The issue of Carrillo's responsibility has been the focus of much historical research. Julius Ruiz places Paracuellos in the wider context of the 'Red Terror' in Madrid, where a minimum of 8,000 'fascists' were murdered after the failure of military rebellion in July 1936. He rejects both 'revisionist' right-wing writers such as Cesar Vidal who cite Paracuellos as evidence that the Republic committed Soviet-style genocide and left-wing historians such as Paul Preston, who in his Spanish Holocaust argues that the massacres were primarily the responsibility of the Soviet secret police, the NKVD. The book argues that Republican actions influenced the Soviets, not the other way round: Paracuellos intensified Stalin's fears of a 'Fifth Column' within the USSR that facilitated the Great Terror of 1937-38. It concludes that the perpetrators were primarily members of the Provincial Committee of Public Investigation (CPIP), a murderous all-leftist revolutionary tribunal created in August 1936, and that its work of eliminating the 'Fifth Column' (an imaginary clandestine Francoist organisation) was supported not just by Carrillo, but also by the Republican government. In Autumn 2015 the book was serialised in El Mundo, Spain's second largest selling daily, to great acclaim.

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the most polemical atrocity of the Spanish Civil War: the massacre of 2,500 political prisoners by Republican security forces in the villages of Paracuellos and Torrejâon de Ardoz near Madrid in November/December 1936. The atrocity took place while Santiago Carrillo -- later Communist Party leader in the 1970s -- was responsible for public order. Although Carrillo played a key role in the transition to democracy after Franco's death in 1975, he passed away at the age of 97 in 2012 still denying any involvement in 'Paracuellos' (the generic term for the massacres). The issue of Carrillo's responsibility has been the focus of much historical research. Julius Ruiz places Paracuellos in the wider context of the 'Red Terror' in Madrid, where a minimum of 8,000 'fascists' were murdered after the failure of military rebellion in July 1936. He rejects both 'revisionist' right-wing writers such as Cesar Vidal who cite Paracuellos as evidence that the Republic committed Soviet-style genocide and left-wing historians such as Paul Preston, who in his Spanish Holocaust argues that the massacres were primarily the responsibility of the Soviet secret police, the NKVD. The book argues that Republican actions influenced the Soviets, not the other way round: Paracuellos intensified Stalin's fears of a 'Fifth Column' within the USSR that facilitated the Great Terror of 1937-38. It concludes that the perpetrators were primarily members of the Provincial Committee of Public Investigation (CPIP), a murderous all-leftist revolutionary tribunal created in August 1936, and that its work of eliminating the 'Fifth Column' (an imaginary clandestine Francoist organisation) was supported not just by Carrillo, but also by the Republican government. In Autumn 2015 the book was serialised in El Mundo, Spain's second largest selling daily, to great acclaim.

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