Veterinary medicine Books

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsSection I: Veterinary Practice Team and Development 1. The Heart of Veterinary Medicine 2. The Leadership Team 3. The Veterinary Team and Front Office Procedures 4. Human Resources in the Veterinary Practice 5. Veterinary Ethics and Legal Issues 6. Professional Development 7. Telemedicine 8. Practice Integrated Management Software 9. Medical Records Management Section II: Veterinary Operations 10. Appointment Management 11. The Client Experience 12. Marketing 13. Inventory Management 14. Controlled Substances 15. Safety in the Veterinary Practice 16. Finance Management 17. Strategic Planning Abbreviations Glossary

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisHelps readers to gain a modern understanding of animal behavior. Presents a variety of different perspectives including genetics, neurological, learning and behavioral ecology Introduces the scientific reasoning and methodology of animal behavior Addresses development and mechanisms .Table of ContentsChapter 1 Introduction 1 Four Questions About Animal Behavior 2 Animal Behavior as an Interdisciplinary Study 2 The Interplay of Questions: A Case Study 3 Hypothesis Testing 5 Part 1 Approaches to the Study of Animal Behavior Chapter 2 History of the Study of Animal Behavior 11 The Beginnings 11 Intellectual Continuity in the Animal World 11 Darwin's Evolutionary Framework 12 Classical Ethology 13 The Approach: Evolutionary, Comparative, Descriptive, Field-Oriented 13 Classical Ethological Concepts 15 Comparative Psychology 17 The Approach: Physiological, Developmental, Quantitative, Laboratory-Oriented 17 Early Concepts of Comparative Psychology 17 The Roots of Physiological Psychology 20 Sociobiology and Behavioral Ecology 20 More Recent Trends 22 Field Studies 22 Cellular and Molecular Bases of Behavior 22 Behavioral Biology 23 Applied Animal Behavior 23 Chapter 3 Genetic Analysis of Behavior 27 Basics of Gene Action 28 Goals of Behavioral Genetics 31 Methods of Behavioral Genetics 31 Inbreeding 31 Artificial Selection 33 Inducing Mutations and Screening for Change in Behavior 35 Finding Natural Variants and Looking for Genetic Differences 36 Hybridization 37 The Foraging Gene as an Example of Behavioral Genetics in Action 38 Candidate Genes 38 Linking a Protein to a Trait 40 Locating all the Genes Associated with a Trait 41 Microarray Analysis 41 Important Principles of Behavioral Genetics 42 One Gene Usually Affects Several Traits 42 Genes Work in Interacting Networks 44 Behavioral Variation and Genes 45 Environmental Regulation of Gene Expression 47 Dominance Relationships in Cichlid Fish 47 Song Learning in Male Songbirds 48 The Importance of Genetic Background to Behavioral Genetics 50 Networks of Genes are Responsive to the Environment 51 Epigenetics and Behavioral Genetics 52 Complex Relationships Among Genes 54 A Broader Perspective 54 Chapter 4 Natural Selection and Behavior 57 Natural Selection 58 Common Misunderstandings About Natural Selection 60 Genetic Variation 61 Variation is Common 61 The Raw Material of Genetic Variation 61 Variation and the Response to Natural Selection 62 The Maintenance of Variation 63 Gene Flow and Genetic Drift 63 Correlated Traits 65 Changing Environmental Conditions 65 Frequency-Dependent Selection 67 Negative-Assortative Mating 68 Evolutionarily Stable Strategies: Fitness and the Behavior of Others 68 Testing Hypotheses About Natural Selection and Adaptation 70 The Experimental Approach 72 The Comparative Approach 73 Monitoring Selection in the Field 75 Modeling the Costs and Benefits of Traits 75 Chapter 5 Learning and Cognition 77 Definition of Learning 78 Types of Learning 78 Habituation 78 Classical Conditioning 80 Operant Conditioning 82 Latent Learning 84 Social Learning 85 Species Differences in Learning: Comparative Studies 87 The Ability to Learn as a Heritable Trait 87 Evolution and the Variation in Learning Across Species 88 Other Evidence of Cognitive Abilities in Animals 91 Tool Use 92 Detours 94 Understanding Numbers and Other Abstract Concepts 95 Self-Recognition and Perspective Taking 97 Chapter 6 Physiological Analysis—Nerve Cells and Behavior 99 Concepts from Cellular Neurobiology 100 Types of Neurons and Their Jobs 100 The Message of a Neuron 101 Ions, Membrane Permeability, and Behavior 104 Behavioral Change and Synaptic Transmission 104 The Structure of the Synapse 104 Integration 106 Specializations for Perception of Biologically Relevant Stimuli—Sensory Processing 107 Processing of Sensory Information for Sound Localization 108 Predators and Prey: The Neuroethology of Life-and- Death Struggles 109 Processing in the Central Nervous System 113 Brain Changes Underlying Behavioral Change 113 Social Behavior Network 120 Responding—Motor Systems 122 Neural Control in Motor Systems 122 Locust Flight 122 Chapter 7 Physiological Analysis of Behavior—The Endocrine System 127 The Endocrine System 129 Endocrine Glands and Hormones 129 Hormonal Versus Neural Communication 129 Types of Hormones and Their Modes of Action 130 How Hormones Influence Behavior 132 Effects on Sensation and Perception 132 Effects on Development and Activity of the Central Nervous System 133 Effects on Muscles 133 Methods of Studying Hormone–Behavior Relationships 135 Interventional Studies 135 Correlational Studies 137 Organizational and Activational Effects of Hormones 139 Defining the Dichotomy 139 Sex Differences in the Behavior of Norway Rats 139 Individual Differences in the Behavior of Male Tree Lizards 141 Questioning the Dichotomy 141 The Dynamic Relationship Between Hormones and Behavior 142 A Reciprocal Relationship 142 Hormonal Suppression of Behavior 142 Interactions Between Hormones, Behavior, and the Environment 142 Adjusting to the Harshness and Predictability of the Physical Environment 143 Adjusting to Onlookers in the Social Environment 145 A Detailed Look at the Hormonal Basis of Selected Behaviors 146 Helping at the Nest 146 Scent-Marking 147 Migrating 148 Chapter 8 The Development of Behavior 151 Influences on Behavioral Development 152 Development of the Nervous System 152 Development of Nonneural Structures 155 Hormonal Milieu 155 Physical Characteristics of the Environment 157 Experience Through Play 158 The Concept of Sensitive Periods 159 Changing Terminology—From Critical Periods to Sensitive Periods 159 Timing of Sensitive Periods 160 Multiple Sensitive Periods 161 Some Examples of Sensitive Periods in Behavioral Development 161 Pulling It All Together—The Development of Bird Song 171 Genetic, Hormonal, and Neural Control of Song 172 Role of Learning in Song Development 174 Sensitive Periods in Song Learning 176 Own-Species Bias in Song Learning 178 Social Factors and Song Development 178 A Diversity of Song Learning Strategies 179 Developmental Homeostasis 180 Rehabilitation of Chimpanzees After Long-Term Isolation 180 Part 2 Survival Chapter 9 Biological Clocks 185 Defining Properties of Clock-Controlled Rhythms 186 Persistence in Constant Conditions 186 Entrainment by Environmental Cycles 187 Temperature Compensation 188 Rhythmic Behavior 189 Daily Rhythms 189 Lunar Day Rhythms 189 Semilunar Rhythms 189 Monthly Rhythms 190 Annual Rhythms 191 The Clock Versus the Hands of the Clock 192 Advantages of Clock-Controlled Behavior 192 Anticipation of Environmental Change 192 Synchronization of a Behavior with an Event That Cannot Be Sensed Directly 193 Continuous Measurement of Time 194 Adaptiveness of Biological Clocks 194 Organization of Circadian Systems 194 Multiple Clocks 195 Coordination of Circadian Timing 195 Human Implications of Circadian Rhythms 200 Jet Lag 200 Human Health 200 Chapter 10 Mechanisms of Orientation and Navigation 203 Levels of Navigational Ability 204 Piloting 204 Compass Orientation 204 True Navigation 206 Multiplicity of Orientation Cues 206 Visual Cues 206 Landmarks 206 Sun Compass 207 Star Compass 211 Polarized Light and Orientation 212 Magnetic Cues 214 Cues from the Earth’s Magnetic Field 214 Directional Information from the Earth’s Magnetic Field: A Magnetic Compass 217 Positional Information from the Earth’s Magnetic Field: A Magnetic Map? 218 Magnetoreception 222 Chemical Cues 224 Olfaction and Salmon Homing 224 Olfaction and Pigeon Homing 226 Electrical Cues and Electrolocation 229 Chapter 11 The Ecology and Evolution of Spatial Distribution 233 Remaining at Home Versus Leaving 234 Costs and Benefits of Natal Philopatry 234 Costs and Benefits of Natal Dispersal 235 Sex Biases in Natal Dispersal 238 Natal Dispersal and Conservation Biology 240 Habitat Selection 241 Indicators of Habitat Quality 241 Search Tactics 243 Effects of Natal Experience 243 Habitat Selection and Conservation Biology 244 Migration 245 Costs of Migration 246 Benefits of Migration 248 Migration and Conservation Biology 251 Chapter 12 Foraging Behavior 253 Obtaining Food 253 Suspension Feeding 254 Omnivory 254 Herbivory 254 Carnivory 256 Adaptations for Detecting Prey 259 Optimal Foraging 264 Diet Selection: A Simple Model 265 Deciding When to Leave a Patch: The Marginal Value Theorem 267 Adding Complexity and Realism 268 The Utility of Models 274 Chapter 13 Antipredator Behavior 275 Camouflage 277 Coloration Matching the Visual Background 277 Disruptive Coloration 280 Countershading 282 Transparency 283 Masquerade 284 Other Functions of Color 284 Polymorphism 285 Warning Coloration 287 Batesian Mimicry 289 Diverting Coloration, Structures, and Behavior 290 False Heads 290 Autotomy 291 Feigning Injury or Death 292 Intimidation and Fighting Back 294 Enhancement of Body Size and Display of Weaponry 294 Eyespots 294 Chemical Repellents 296 Pronouncement of Vigilance 297 Group Defense 298 Alarm Signals 298 Improved Detection 299 Dilution Effect 299 Selfish Herd 300 Confusion Effect 301 Mobbing 301 Maintenance of Antipredator Behavior 302 Part 3 Interactions Between Individuals Chapter 14 Reproductive Behavior 305 Sexual Selection: Historical and Theoretical Background 306 Explanations for Sex Differences in Reproductive Behavior 306 Revisiting the Ideas of Bateman 308 Intrasexual Selection—Competition for Mates 309 Adaptations That Help a Male Secure Copulations 309 Adaptations That Favor the Use of a Male’s Sperm 313 Sexual Interference: Decreasing the Reproductive Success of Rival Males 318 Intersexual Selection—Mate Choice 320 Criteria by Which Females Choose Mates 320 Origin and Maintenance of Mate-Choice Preferences 327 Cryptic Female Choice 329 Sexual Conflict 330 Chapter 15 Parental Care and Mating Systems 333 Parental Care 334 Conflicts Among Family Members Over Parental Investment 334 Some Factors That Influence the Allocation of Parental Resources 336 Overall Patterns of Parental Care 339 Dispensing with Parental Care—Brood Parasitism 343 Mating Systems 345 Classifying Mating Systems 345 Monogamy 346 Polygyny 349 Polyandry 353 Chapter 16 Communication: Channels and Functions 355 The Definition of Communication 356 Channels for Communication 356 Vision 356 Audition 358 Substrate Vibrations 361 Chemical Senses 361 Touch 364 Electrical Fields 365 Multimodal Communication 366 Functions of Communication 367 Species Recognition 368 Mate Attraction 369 Courtship and Mating 369 Maintaining Social Bonds 372 Alarm 372 Aggregation 373 Agonistic Encounters 374 Communication about Resources: A Case Study 374 Chapter 17 The Evolution of Communication 381 The Changing Views of Communication 381 Sharing Information 381 Manipulating Others 382 Signals and Honesty 382 When are Honest Signals Likely? 382 When are Dishonest Signals Likely? 386 Can Honest and Dishonest Signals Coexist? 386 The Evolutionary Origins of Signals 387 Ritualization 387 Receiver-Bias Mechanisms 390 Selective Forces That Shape Signals 391 Characteristics of the Sender 391 Characteristics of the Environment 392 Characteristics of the Receiver 395 Language and Apes 396 What is Language? 396 Ape Language Studies 397 Communication and Animal Cognition 401 Chapter 18 Conflict 405 Aggression and Conflict 406 Why Do Animals Fight? 406 An Evolutionary View of Conflict 406 The Evolution of Fighting Behavior 406 Using Game Theory to Understand the Evolution of Conflict 406 Asymmetries in Contests 410 Conflict Among Group Members 413 How Dominance is Determined 413 The Benefits of Being Dominant 413 The Benefits of Being Subordinate 414 Conflict Over Space 415 Home Ranges, Core Areas, and Territories 415 The Ideal Free Distribution and Space Use 415 The Economics of Holding a Territory 416 The Economics of Territory Size 416 Strategies for Reducing the Cost of Territorial Defense 417 A Proximate View of Conflict 419 Aggression and Testosterone 419 Stress, Aggression, and Dominance 420

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Book SynopsisSince publication of the first edition, huge developments have taken place in sensory biology research and new insights have been provided in particular by molecular biology. These show the similarities in the molecular architecture and in the physiology of sensory cells across species and across sensory modality and often indicate a common ancestry dating back over half a billion years. Biology of Sensory Systemshas thus been completely revised and takes a molecular, evolutionary and comparative approach, providing an overview of sensory systems in vertebrates, invertebrates and prokaryotes, with a strong focus on human senses. Written by a renowned author with extensive teaching experience, the book covers, in six parts, the general features of sensory systems, the mechanosenses, the chemosenses, the senses which detect electromagnetic radiation, other sensory systems including pain, thermosensitivity and some of the minority senses and, finally, provides an outlineTable of ContentsPreface to Second Edition. Preface to First Edition. PART I: PRELIMINARIES. Chapter 1 Elements. 1.1 Allosteric Effectors. 1.2 Membranes. 1.3 Membrane Signalling Systems. 1.4 Channels and Gates. 1.5 Concluding Remarks. Chapter 2 Membranes, Action Potentials, Synapses. 2.1 The Measurement of Resting Potentials. 2.2 The Ionic Bases of Resting Potentials. 2.3 Electrotonic Potentials and Cable Conduction. 2.4 Receptor and Generator Potentials. 2.5 Sensory Adaptation. 2.6 Action Potentials. 2.7 Synapses and Synaptic Transmission. 2.8 Concluding Remarks. Chapter 3 General Features of Sensory Systems. 3.1 Classification of the Senses. 3.2 Modality. 3.3 Intensity. 3.4 Adaptation. 3.5 Receptive Fields. 3.6 Maps of Sensory Surfaces. 3.7 Hierarchical and Parallel Design. 3.8 Feature Extraction and Trigger Stimuli. 3.9 Concluding Remarks. Chapter 4 Classification and Phylogeny. 4.1 Systematics. 4.2 Classification into Six Kingdoms. 4.3 Unicellularity. 4.4 Multicellularity. 4.5 Protostomes and Deuterostomes. 4.6 Classification of the Metazoa. 4.7 Evolution of Nervous Systems. 4.8 Concluding Remarks. Chapter 5 Genes, Genomics and Neurosensory Systems. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Comparative Genomics. 5.3 Genomes and Neurosensory Systems. 5.4 Concluding Remarks. Part I: Self Assessment. Part I: Notes, References and Bibliography. PART II: MECHANOSENSITIVITY. Chapter 6 Mechanosensitivity of Cell Membranes. 6.1 Mechanosensitive Channels in E. coli. 6.2 Detection of Osmotic Swelling by Hypothalamic Cells in Mammals. 6.3 Concluding Remarks. Chapter 7 Kinaesthesia. 7.1 Kinaesthetic Mechanisms in Arthropods. 7.1.1 Stretch Receptors in Crustacean Muscle. 7.2 Kinaesthetic Mechanisms in Mammals. 7.3 Concluding Remarks. Chapter 8 Touch. 8.1 Mechanoreception in Caenorhabditis Elegans. 8.2 Spiders. 8.3 Insects. 8.4 Tactile Receptors in Mammalian Skin. 8.5 Cerebral Analysis of Touch. 8.6 Plasticity of the Somaesthetic Cortex. 8.7 Concluding Remarks. Chapter 9 Equilibrium and Hearing: The Uses of Hair Cells. 9.1 Anatomy and Physiology of Hair Cells. 9.2 Lateral Line Canals. 9.3 Evolution of the Vertebrate Ear. 9.4 Concluding Remarks. Box 9.1 Biophysics of Outer Hair Cells. Box 9.2 Genetics and Deafness. Chapter 10 Cerebral Analysis. 10.1 The Mammalian Vestibular Pathway and Reflexes. 10.2 The Mammalian Auditory Pathway. 10.3 The Avian Auditory Pathway and the Mapping of Auditory Space by the Barn Owl. 10.4 The Mammalian Auditory Cortex. 10.5 The Bat Auditory System and Echolocation. 10.6 The Human Auditory Cortex and Language. 10.7 Lateralization and the Neuroanatomy of Language. 10.8 Language and the FOXP2 Gene. 10.9 Callosectomy and After. 10.10 Concluding Remarks. Box 10.1 Broca and Wernicke. Part II: Self Assessment. Part II: Notes, References and Bibliography. PART III: CHEMOSENSITIVITY. Chapter 11 Chemosensitivity in Prokaryocytes. 11.1 Chemosentivity in E. coli. 11.2 Concluding Remarks. Chapter 12 Mammalian Chemo- Enteroreceptors. 12.1 Location of Mammalian Chemoreceptors for PaO2 and PaCO2. 12.2 Structure. 12.3 Physiology. 12.4 Biochemistry. 12.5 Concluding Remarks. Chapter 13 Gustation. 13.1 Gustation in Insects. 13.2 Gustation inMammals. 13.3 Concluding Remarks. Chapter 14 Olfaction. 14.1 Insect Olfactory Systems. 14.2 Mammalian Olfactory Systems. 14.3 The Vertebrate Vomeronasal Organ (VNO) and Pheromones. 14.4 Concluding Remarks. Part III: Self Assessment. Part III: Notes, References and Bibliography. PART IV: PHOTOSENSITIVITY. Box I4.1 Bacteriorhodopsin. Chapter 15 Invertebrate Vision. 15.1 Designs of Invertebrate Eyes. 15.2 Examples of Invertebrate Eyes. 15.3 Concluding Remarks. Box 15.1 The Evolution of Opsins. Box 15.2 Early Genetics of Eyes. Chapter 16 The Human Eye. 16.1 Anatomy. 16.2 Embryology. 16.3 Detailed Anatomy and Physiology. 16.4 Movements of the Eyeball. 16.5 Concluding Remarks. Box 16.1 Genetics of Cataract. Chapter 17 The Retina. 17.1 Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE). 17.2 Retina. 17.3 Concluding Remarks. Chapter 18 Visual Pathways and Cortices. 18.1 Visual Pathways into the Brain. 18.2 Primary Visual Cortex. 18.3 Extrastriate Cortices. 18.4 Face Recognition. 18.5 Prosopagnosia. 18.6 Concluding Remarks. Box 18.1 The Reality of Cortical Columns. Box 18.2 Blindsight. Chapter 19 Other Vertebrate Visual Systems. 19.1 Visual Pigments. 19.2 Photoreceptors. 19.3 Tapeta. 19.4 Retinae. 19.5 Dioptric Apparatus. 19.6 Median Eyes. 19.7 Visual Pathways. 19.8 Visual Centres in the Brain. 19.9 Concluding Remarks. Part IV: Self Assessment. Part IV: Notes, References and Bibliography. PART V: OTHER SENSES. Chapter 20 Thermosensitivity. 20.1 Molecular Biology. 20.2 Poikilotherms. 20.3 Homeotherms. 20.4 Concluding Remarks. Chapter 21 Minority Senses. 21.1 Infrared Radiation. 21.2 Polarized Light. 21.3 Electric Fields. 21.4 Magnetic Fields. 21.5 Concluding Remarks. Chapter 22 Pain. 22.1 The Biological Significance of Pain. 22.2 Neurophysiology of Pain. 22.3 Neuropharmacology of Pain Pathways. 22.4 Referred Pain. 22.5 Gate Theory. 22.6 Concluding Remarks. Part V: Self Assessment. Part V: Notes, References and Bibliography. PART VI: CODA. Chapter 23 Summing Up. 23.1 Molecular Themes. 23.2 Cellular Themes. 23.3 Sense Organs. 23.4 Central Analysers. 23.5 Homeostasis. 23.6 Different Sensory Worlds. 23.7 From Abiotic to Biotic: Communication. 23.8 From Biotic to Social Communication: Mirror Neurons. 23.9 Concluding Remarks. Chapter 24 Philosophical Postscript. 24.1 Descartes. 24.2 Qualia. 24.3 Tabula Rasa? 24.4 Epigenetic Epistemology. 24.5 Evolutionary Epistemology. 24.6 Beyond Descartes. 24.7 Concluding Remarks. Part VI: Self Assessment. Part VI: Notes, References and Bibliography. Appendix: Some Techniques. Acronyms and Abbreviations. Glossary. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Consulting Veterinary Nurse is an invaluable source of information for all veterinary nurses setting up and conducting their own nursing clinics in small animal practice.Trade Review“This book will enable VNs to become more involved in clinics and will ensure their skills are utilised. Certainly a book for every VN to have in the library.” (BSAVA, 1 March 2014) “To summarise, The Consulting Veterinary Nurse will be a useful book for many nurses, especially those who have a keen interest in clinical nutrition, and those looking to promote nutrition within the practice . . . It may also offer some suggestions for medical clinics that may not have otherwise been considered.” (The Veterinary Record, 1 October 2013) “From handling senior pet clinics to client compliance and education, this covers clinics organized for a range of animal conditions and is written by an experienced senior vet nurse. Any veterinary collection will find this filled with specifics.” (Bookwatch, 1 January 2013) “The Consulting Veterinary Nurse’ is a highly informative, well-written book and deserves its place in the practice library or, better still, the nurses’ consultation room.” (Veterinary Record, 2 February 2013)Table of ContentsForeword by Helen Farrant vii Abbreviations viii Introduction x Acknowledgements xi Part I The Role of the Nurse in the Veterinary Practice 1 1 Ethics 3 2 Consulting Room and Literature 6 3 The Consultation 9 4 Diagnostic Clinics 19 5 Marketing 29 6 Named Nurse and Protocol Writing 32 Part II Nutrition and Diet 35 7 Food and Feeding 37 8 Feeding Behaviours 51 9 Nutrition for Puppies and Kittens 56 10 Nutritional Assessment 67 11 Dietary Transitions 72 12 Methods of Increasing Water Consumption 74 13 Dietary Supplements 76 14 Rabbit Nutrition 80 Part III Behavioural Issues 85 15 Puppy and Kitten Behaviour 87 16 Noise Phobias and Fireworks 100 Part IV ‘Well Pet’ Clinics 107 17 Vaccination Clinics 109 18 Post-Neutering Clinics 111 19 Senior Pet Clinics 113 Part V Medical Clinics 117 20 Arthritis 119 21 Cancer 129 22 Cardiac Disorders 135 23 Cognitive Dysfunction 143 24 Dental Problems 146 25 Diabetes 153 26 Epilepsy 161 27 Gastrointestinal Disorders 164 28 Hepatobiliary Disorders 176 29 Obesity 185 30 Pancreatic Disorders 196 31 Renal Disorders 202 32 Nutrition-Related Skin Disorders 211 33 Urinary Tract Disorders 218 Appendix 1 Diet history sheet 233 Appendix 2 Unit Conversion Tables 235 Glossary 238 Index 241

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Book SynopsisThis bestseller has been an essential book for all those working with laboratory animals since it was first published in 1994. This fourth edition retains all the classic features that have made it a must-have reference including emphasis on best practice in order to improve animal welfare. The contents have been thoroughly updated and reorganised to make sure it is a really practical book for day-to-day use in the laboratory. The first section of the book covers principles applicable to all species, for example husbandry, handling and the education and training required by scientists and technical staff working with animals in the laboratory. Later chapters focus on specific species or groups of species. New to this edition: Reflects changes in European legislation and their impact on national legislation Covers recommendations for the education and training of those carrying out animal experiments across Europe New chapters on ethical considerations and baTrade Review“In summary, this is a useful book which contains a great deal of information on many of the environmental and technical aspects of laboratory animal management.” (BTS News, 1 September 2014) The result is a solid pick for any collection concerned with laboratory and testing conditions.” (Midwest Book Reviews, 1 August 2013)Table of ContentsAcknowledgements xvii 1 Education and Training for the Personal Licence Holder 1 Introduction 1 Framework for Education and Training of Licence Holders 2 Core modules 4 Prerequisite and additional modules 4 Education and training in the UK 4 Aims of Accredited Training 4 Continuing Professional Development and Reflective Practice 5 Summary 5 References 6 2 Ethical Considerations around using Animals in Research 7 History of the Use of Animals in Research 7 The Ethics of Using Animals in Experiments 9 The Local Ethical Review Process 12 Measuring harms and benefits 12 The Principles of the Three RS 13 Replacement 13 Reduction 14 Refinement 15 Prospective, ongoing and retrospective review: reflective practice and the refinement loop 15 Public Perceptions 17 Transparency and freedom of information 18 References 18 3 The Regulatory Framework 21 Introduction to Legislation Regulating the Use of Animals in Research 21 European legislation 22 The Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 22Protected animals 23 Regulated procedures 23 Exemptions 24 Licensing of places 24 The personal licence 25 Project licences 28 The Section 2C licence 30 Additional controls 32 Administration of the Act 33 Assessment of licences and inspection of premises 33 Offences and infringements 33 Communication 34 Statistics of Animal Usage 34 Other Relevant Legislation 34 References 36 4 Balancing Animal Welfare with Science 37 Welfare versus Science? 37 What is Welfare? 37 Quality of life 38 Why assess welfare? 39 Who should assess welfare? 40 How to assess welfare 40 Development of welfare assessment systems 44 Consideration of cumulative suffering 46 References 48 5 Animal Husbandry, Environmental Enrichment and Occupational Health and Safety 51 Animal Husbandry 51 Types of housing 52 Bedding and nesting materials 54 Nutrition 54 Environment 55 Handling techniques 56 Environmental Enrichment 56 Evaluation of enrichment and other refinements to housing and care 58 Evaluating the effect of a potential refinement on animals 58 Evaluating the effect of a potential refinement on science 61 Evaluating the effect of a potential refinement on animal house management 62 Supply and Transport 63 Aspects of Health, Safety and Security Affecting Animal Care 64 COSHH, CLP and REACH 65 Genetically modified organisms 66 Health and safety in animal facilities 67 Miscellaneous health and safety hazards and risks 71 Acknowledgements 74 References and Further Reading 74 6 Principles of Animal Use and Experimental Design 77 Principles of Experimental Design 77 Minimising variation 78 Selection of animals: species, strain, genetically altered animals 79 Genetic and Welfare Monitoring of GA and HM Animals 81 Background health status 82 Sources of infection 83 Health monitoring 84 Biosecurity and containment for rodents 86 References 87 7 Handling and Techniques 89 Prior Considerations 89 Training and competence of operator 89 Acclimatisation 90 Training of animals 90 Restraint of animals 90 Equipment 91 Administration of Substances 91 ADME 91 Administration volumes 93 Administration techniques 93 Legal considerations 103 Removal of Blood 104 Quality of samples 104 Technique for venipuncture 105 Methods of venipuncture in different species 108 Placement and Maintenance of Indwelling Cannulae 111 Withdrawal of blood 112 Long-term cannulation 112 Removal of cannulae 112 Potential sequelae 112 Arterial Sampling and Arterial Loops 113 Needle puncture 113 Arterial cannulae 113 Arterial loops 113 Miscellaneous Procedures 113 Creation and maintenance of fistulae 113 Administration techniques 114 Sampling 115 Antibody production 116 Equipment for Blood Collection and Administration of Substances 119 Over-the-needle cannulae 119 Evacuated blood-collection tubes 119 Butterfly needles 120 Tourniquets 120 Vasodilating agents 120 References 120 8 Humane Methods of Killing 123 Ethical Considerations in Killing Animals 123 Legal constraints 123 When to kill an animal 123 Preparation for humane killing 125 Methods of Euthanasia 127 Chemical methods of euthanasia 127 Physical methods of euthanasia 130 Other methods of euthanasia 131 Schedule 1 methods 132 References 133 9 Anaesthesia and Analgesia 137 Introduction 137 Pre-Anaesthetic Care and Evaluation 138 Acclimatisation 138 Training 138 Fasting 138 Handling 139 Health status 139 Local anaesthetics 139 Premedication 139 General Anaesthesia 142 General principles 142 Balanced anaesthesia 142 Administration of anaesthetics 143 Inhalation anaesthesia 144 Injectable anaesthesia 151 Long-term and non-recovery anaesthesia 164 Recovery and post-anaesthetic care 165 Local anaesthetics 166 Anaesthetic Management 167 Physiological stability 167 Depth of anaesthesia 170 Equipment monitoring 171 Anaesthetic Emergencies 171 Muscle Relaxation During Anaesthesia 172 Monitoring anaesthesia under neuromuscular blocking agents 173 Neuromuscular blocking agents 173 References 174 10 Introduction to Surgery and Surgical Techniques 177 Pre-Surgical Preparation 177 Animal 177 Instruments and equipment 178 Facilities 178 Personnel 178 Principles of Aseptic Technique 179 Atmosphere 180 Surgical team 180 Instruments 181 Methods of sterilisation 181 Preparation of the animal 183 Summary of Lasa Guidelines on Rodent Surgery 184 Conduct of Surgical Procedures 184 Inflammation and wound healing 184 Types of healing 185 Factors affecting healing 186 Performance of surgical procedures 187 Surgical Instruments 189 Skin incision 190 Dissection 191 Haemostasis 191 Wound closure 193 Other instruments 193 Suturing Techniques and Materials 195 Suture needles 196 Suture placement 197 Surgical knots 197 Suture patterns 198 Suture materials 201 Sizes of suture 206 Packaging 206 Summary 207 References 207 11 Small Laboratory Animals 209 Rodents 209 Dentition 209 Nutrition and digestion 210 Water 210 Behaviour 211 Senses and communication 211 Housing 211 Environment 211 Anaesthesia 212 Mouse 212 Behaviour 212 Communication 213 Feeding 214 Environment 215 Breeding 215 Growth 215 Handling 216 Pain and stress recognition 217 Common diseases and health monitoring 218 Biological data and useful reference data 218 Rat 218 Behaviour 219 Housing 219 Feeding 220 Water 220 Environment 220 Breeding 220 Growth and development 221 Handling 221 Pain and stress recognition 222 Common diseases and health monitoring 223 Biological data and useful reference data 223 Hamster 223 Behaviour 224 Housing 224 Feeding 225 Water 225 Environment 226 Breeding 226 Handling 227 Pain and stress recognition 227 Common diseases and health monitoring 227 Biological data and useful reference data 227 Gerbil 227 Behaviour 228 Housing 229 Feeding 229 Water 230 Environment 230 Breeding 230 Handling 230 Pain and stress recognition 231 Common diseases and health monitoring 231 Biological data and useful reference data 231 Guinea Pig 232 Behaviour 232 Housing 233 Feeding and water 233 Environment 234 Breeding 234 Growth 234 Handling 235 Recognition of pain and stress 235 Common diseases and health monitoring 235 Anaesthesia 236 Biological data and useful reference data 236 Rabbit 237 Behaviour 237 Housing 238 Feeding 239 Water 240 Environment 240 Breeding 241 Growth 241 Handling 242 Pain and stress recognition 242 Common diseases and health monitoring 243 Biological data and useful reference data 243 Anaesthesia in the rabbit 243 References 244 12 Carnivores 247 Dog 247 Behaviour 248 Housing 249 Feeding 249 Water 250 Environment 250 Breeding 250 Growth 251 Handling 251 Pain and stress recognition 251 Common diseases and health monitoring 253 Biological data and useful reference data 253 Anaesthesia 254 Ferret 254 Behaviour 255 Housing 255 Feeding 256 Water 257 Environment 257 Breeding 257 Growth 258 Handling 258 Pain and stress recognition 259 Common diseases and health monitoring 259 Biological data and useful reference data 260 Anaesthesia 260 References 261 13 Primates 263 Use of Primates in Research 263 New World Monkeys 263 Marmoset 264 Old World Monkeys 266 Sources, supply and transportation 266 Breeding 268 Housing 269 Feeding/watering 271 Health Monitoring, Quarantine and Common Diseases 272 Health-screening programme 273 Laboratory Procedures 274 Handling and restraint 274 Training 275 Administration of substances, blood sampling 276 Telemetry 277 Anaesthesia, analgesia and post-operative care 277 Husbandry post-surgery 277 Welfare 278 Natural behaviour 278 Assessment of welfare 279 Euthanasia 281 Record keeping 281 References 281 14 Production (Farm) Animals 287 C. J. Trower Poultry 287 Biology 288 Domestic Chicken 289 Behaviour 289 Housing 289 Feeding 290 Water 290 Environment 291 Breeding 291 Handling 292 Techniques 292 Pain and stress recognition 294 Common diseases and health monitoring 294 Biological data and useful reference data 295 Anaesthesia of chickens 296 Ruminants 296 Sheep 297 Behaviour 298 Housing 298 Feeding 299 Water 300 Environment 300 Breeding 300 Handling 301 Pain and stress recognition 302 Common diseases and health monitoring 302 Anaesthesia and surgery 304 Useful data 304 Goats 305 Behaviour 306 Housing 306 Feeding 306 Water 307 Environment 307 Breeding 307 Handling 307 Pain and stress recognition 307 Common diseases and health monitoring 308 Anaesthesia and analgesia 308 Cattle 308 Behaviour 308 Housing 309 Feeding 309 Environment 310 Breeding 310 Handling 310 Pain and stress recognition 311 Common diseases and health monitoring 311 Anaesthesia 312 Useful data 312 Pigs 312 Supply 313 Behaviour 313 Housing 313 Feeding 314 Water 315 Environment 316 Breeding 316 Growth 317 Handling 317 Pain and stress recognition 318 Common diseases and health monitoring 318 Techniques 319 Anaesthesia 319 Useful data 321 References and Further Reading 321 References 321 Further reading 321 15 Wild Animals 323 General Considerations 323 Legislation and Guidance 323 Considerations under the UK Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 324 Project Planning 325 Catching and Trapping 325 Handling Wild Animals 326 Anaesthesia of Wild Animals 326 General considerations 326 Inhalational anaesthesia 329 Injectable anaesthesia 330 Identification of Wild Animals 333 Release of Animals Back to the Wild 334 References 335 16 Aquatic Species 337 Introduction 337 Fish 337 Sources of fish 338 General biology 338 Biological data 338 Husbandry 338 Water quality 340 Feeding 340 Handling and Techniques 340 Identification 341 Anaesthesia 342 Administration of compounds 342 Collection of samples 343 Surgery 344 Post-operative care and analgesia 344 Health and disease 345 Recognition of pain and distress 345 Euthanasia 346 Zebrafish 346 Sources of fish 346 Behaviour 347 Husbandry 347 Feeding 347 Breeding 348 Health and disease 349 Rainbow Trout 349 Feeding 349 Breeding 349 Health and disease 350 Amphibians 350 Biology and behaviour 351 Identification 352 Husbandry 352 Feeding 353 Breeding 354 Handling 355 Anaesthesia 355 Techniques 356 Surgery 356 Health and disease 356 Euthanasia 357 References 357 Glossary 359 Index 363

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Book SynopsisPractical Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging is an essential guide to the various diagnostic imaging modalities that are used in veterinary practice. It moves from basic principles through to discussion of more sophisticated equipment and techniques. Legislation and safety issues are covered looking at the impact these have on the veterinary practice.Trade Review“This textbook provides a nice overview of the technical aspects of veterinary radiology and will be useful for veterinary technicians and veterinary students.” (Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 15 September 2013) “In summary, this book fills an important niche in the market and will be particularly useful as a quick and concise reference for all in the practice. Additionally, it will provide a useful initial text for those embarking on diagnostic radiography.” (The Veterinary Journal, 1 August2013) “In summary, Practical veterinary diagnostic imaging is a radiography textbook that is suitable for veterinary and veterinary nurse students who would like to increase their knowledge.” (Australian Veterinary Journal, 1 March 2013) “Readers looking for a concise overview or review of diagnostic imaging physics and positioning will find that this book fits the bill.” (Doody’s, 4 January 2013) "Students and veterinary nurses alike receive a handy reference to everything needed to know about diagnostic imaging in veterinary practice, including the basic principles of physics: all accompanied by illustrations key to understanding." (Midwest Book Reviews, 1 December 2012) “My first impressions of this colourfully bound paperback are that it is inviting, and not as intimidating as some veterinary books. It clearly delivers what it promises, but lacks something in the monochrome presentation of all the text, photographs, figures and diagrams. It is, though, a welcome resource for any veterinary practice.” (Veterinary Record, 20 October 2012)Table of ContentsFigure Acknowledgements xi 1 Essential Mathematics and Physics 1 Matter, energy, power and heat 1 Units and prefixes used in radiography 3 Radiological units 4 Useful mathematics 7 Proportions and the inverse square law 7 2 The Principles of Physics Used in Radiography 11 Electrostatics – the electric charge 12 Conductors and insulators 14 Electricity 14 Measuring electricity 14 Types of current 15 Laws of an electric current 16 Resistance 16 Making a circuit – the options 17 Magnetism 17 The function and composition of a magnet 19 Magnetic laws 20 Electromagnetism – electricity and magnetism in union 21 Laws of electromagnetic induction 22 Further reading 23 3 Inside the Atom 25 Atoms, elements and other definitions 26 The ‘Make-Up’ of an atom – atomic structure 27 Shells and energy 28 The periodic table 28 Radioactivity 30 The effects of an electron changing orbits 30 Electromagnetic radiation 31 Frequency and wavelength 32 Further reading 33 4 The X-ray Tube 35 The tube housing 37 The cathode 39 The anode 42 The line focus principle 44 The anode-heel effect 45 The stator assembly 45 Tube rating 46 How to look after your X-ray tube 47 Further reading 47 5 Diagnostic Equipment 49 The X-ray circuit 50 What is seen from the outside? 51 High-voltage generators 51 Rectification 51 Mains supply switch 52 Primary circuit 52 Operating console 53 Filament circuit – control of the mA 54 High-tension circuit – provision of kV 55 Making an exposure – switches, timers and interlocks 55 Types of X-ray machines 56 Health and safety requirements 59 Power rating 59 Further reading 59 6 Production of X-rays 61 Electron production 62 Target interactions 63 X-ray emission spectrum 64 Altering the emission spectrum 65 X-ray quantity 68 X-ray quality 68 Altering exposure factors 68 Exposure charts 70 Further reading 70 7 The Effects of Radiation 71 The effect of the X-ray beam striking another atom 72 Absorption 75 Attenuation 75 The effects of ionising radiation on the body 76 Luminescence 77 Further reading 78 8 Control of the Primary Beam and Scatter 79 Light beam diaphragm 80 Factors affecting scattered radiation 81 Function of grids 81 Construction of a grid 82 Types of grid 84 Choosing a grid 85 Problems with using a grid 85 Air gap technique 86 Further reading 86 9 Radiographic Film 89 Film construction 90 Types of film 93 Formation of the latent image 94 Care and storage of films 95 Film sensitivity 96 Further reading 98 10 Intensifying Screens and Cassettes 99 The construction of intensifying screens 100 Film–screen combinations 101 Film–screen contact 104 Care of intensifying screens 104 Construction of cassettes 105 Care and use of cassettes 106 Further reading 106 11 Processing the Radiographic Film 107 The stages of processing 108 Developer 111 Fixer 112 Parts of the automatic processor 114 Replenishment 116 Silver recovery 117 The darkroom 118 Control of substances hazardous to health (COSHH) regulations 121 Other methods of processing 121 Further reading 122 12 Digital Radiography 125 Computed radiography 127 Care of the imaging plate and cassette 129 Computerised radiography process 129 Digital radiography 131 Image storage 133 Image display 134 Image quality 135 Further reading 135 13 Radiographic Image Quality 137 Sensitometry 138 Densitometry 138 Characteristic curve 139 Latitude 140 Density 141 Contrast 141 Magnification 144 Distortion 144 Movement 145 Producing a high-quality radiograph 146 Commonly seen film faults 147 Further reading 152 14 Radiation Protection 153 The effects of ionising radiation on the body 154 The basics to remember 154 Ionising Radiation Regulations 1999 155 Radiation safety in the veterinary practice 155 Classifying the areas around an X-ray machine 156 Dose limits 157 Monitoring devices 158 Lead shielding 159 Quality assurance 160 Further reading 161 15 Radiography Principles 163 General principles 164 Restraint 164 Positioning aids 165 Markers and legends 165 Assessing the radiograph 166 Terminology 166 BVA/KC hip dysplasia and elbow scoring scheme 168 Further reading 169 16 Contrast Media 171 Negative contrast medium 172 Positive contrast medium 172 Contrast examination procedures 175 Myelography 182 Other contrast examinations 184 Further reading 186 17 Small Animal Radiography Techniques 189 Chest 189 Abdomen 191 Head and neck 192 Distal extremities 196 Shoulder 198 Pelvis 200 Spine 201 Small mammals 202 Birds 203 Reptiles 204 18 Large Animal Radiography Techniques 205 Foot 205 Fetlock 207 Metacarpus and metatarsus (cannon and splint) 209 Carpus 209 Elbow 211 Shoulder 212 Tarsus 213 Stifle 214 Head 216 Spine 216 Chest 217 19 Introduction to Ultrasound 219 Sound waves 220 Ultrasound 220 How ultrasound works 220 Types of ultrasound scan 222 Doppler ultrasound 223 Effects on tissue 224 Ultrasound machines and transducers 224 Patient preparation 225 Areas suitable for examination 225 Further reading 226 20 Advance Imaging Techniques 227 Fluoroscopy 228 Computerised tomography (CT) 230 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 232 Nuclear scintigraphy 234 Further reading 238 Index 239

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Book SynopsisBiodiversity offers great potential for managing insect pests. It provides resistance genes and anti-insect compounds; a huge range of predatory and parasitic natural enemies of pests; and community ecology-level effects operating at the local and landscape scales to check pest build-up.Trade Review"Suitable as a textbook for advanced students, the volume perhaps has its greatest value as an enduring source of information and ideas to practitioners and conservationists." (The Quarterly Review of Biology, 1 June 2014) “Biodiversity and Insect Pestsis well illustrated, with several colour plates. It has an excellent index and a companion website, http://www.wiley.com/go/gurr/biodiversity, with downloadable figures and tables. Although relatively expensive, and at times very technical, it is recommended as a must-read book for the agricultural community, researchers and the general public.” (Austral Ecology, 1 October 2013) Table of ContentsPreface, vii Foreword, ix Contributors, x INTRODUCTION, 1 1 Biodiversity and insect pests, 3 Geoff M. Gurr, Steve D. Wratten and William E. Snyder FUNDAMENTALS, 21 2 The ecology of biodiversity–biocontrol relationships, 23 William E. Snyder and Jason M. Tylianakis 3 The role of generalist predators in terrestrial food webs: lessons for agricultural pest management, 41 K.D. Welch, R.S. Pfannenstiel and J.D. Harwood 4 Ecological economics of biodiversity use for pest management, 57 Mark Gillespie and Steve D. Wratten 5 Soil fertility, biodiversity and pest management, 72 Miguel A. Altieri, Luigi Ponti and Clara I. Nicholls 6 Plant biodiversity as a resource for natural products for insect pest management, 85 Opender Koul 7 The ecology and utility of local and landscape scale effects in pest management, 106 Sagrario Gámez-Virués, Mattias Jonsson and Barbara Ekbom METHODS, 121 8 Scale effects in biodiversity and biological control: methods and statistical analysis, 123 Christoph Scherber, Blas Lavandero, Katrin M. Meyer, David Perovic, Ute Visser, Kerstin Wiegand and Teja Tscharntke 9 Pick and mix: selecting flowering plants to meet the requirements of target biological control insects, 139 Felix L. Wäckers and Paul C.J. van Rijn 10 The molecular revolution: using polymerase chain reaction based methods to explore the role of predators in terrestrial food webs, 166 William O.C. Symondson 11 Employing chemical ecology to understand and exploit biodiversity for pest management, 185 David G. James, Sofia Orre-Gordon, Olivia L. Reynolds (née Kvedaras) and Marja Simpson APPLICATION, 197 12 Using decision theory and sociological tools to facilitate adoption of biodiversity-based pest management strategies, 199 M.M. Escalada and K.L. Heong 13 Ecological engineering strategies to manage insect pests in rice, 214 Geoff M. Gurr, K.L. Heong, J.A. Cheng and J. Catindig 14 China's 'Green Plant Protection' initiative: coordinated promotion of biodiversity-related technologies, 230 Lu Zhongxian, Yang Yajun, Yang Puyun and Zhao Zhonghua 15 Diversity and defence: plant–herbivore interactions at multiple scales and trophic levels, 241 Finbarr G. Horgan 16 'Push–pull' revisited: the process of successful deployment of a chemical ecology based pest management tool, 259 Zeyaur R. Khan, Charles A.O. Midega, Jimmy Pittchar, Toby J.A. Bruce and John A. Pickett 17 Using native plant species to diversify agriculture, 276 Douglas A. Landis, Mary M. Gardiner and Jean Tompkins 18 Using biodiversity for pest suppression in urban landscapes, 293 Paula M. Shrewsbury and Simon R. Leather 19 Cover crops and related methods for enhancing agricultural biodiversity and conservation biocontrol: successful case studies, 309 P.G. Tillman, H.A. Smith and J.M. Holland SYNTHESIS, 329 20 Conclusion: biodiversity as an asset rather than a burden, 331 Geoff M. Gurr, William E. Snyder, Steve D. Wratten and Donna M.Y. Read Index, 340 Colour plates fall between pages 84 and 85

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Book Synopsis* First reference text in agricultural entomology with a global perspective to be published in many decades * Written by one of the world s leading entomologists * Illustrated in full colour throughout for ease of identification of both the insect pest and the crop damage symptoms .Trade Review“In summary, an excellent, well-illustrated handbook and a highly welcome addition to the literature of a very practical nature.” (Experimental Agriculture, 1 January 2014) “Although the book might be too basic for researchers and professionals in the area, it is definitely a valuable resource for students and the general public. Summing Up: Highly recommended. All undergraduate students and general readers.” (Choice, 1 October 2013) “The book is completed with a bibliography and index. Overall it provides a very useful introduction to the range of insects that can be found in farming areas.” (International Pest Control, 1 July 2013) “For those with an interest in the birds of Iowa, raptors in general, or bird art.” (The Guardian, 1 April 2013) “Handbook of Agricultural Entomology by Helmut van Emden is a landmark publication for students and practitioners of entomology applied to agriculture and horticulture. It can be used as a reference and as a general textbook.” (Birdbooker Report, 15 April 2013) “Written by one of the world's leading entomologists, Handbook of Agricultural Entomology is a landmark publication for students and practitioners of entomology applied to agriculture and horticulture. It can be used as a reference and as a general textbook.” (Phys.org, 18 March 2013)"it is intended as an affordable stand-alone text for the budding entomologist in need of a basic understanding of insect taxonomy and a world view of applied entomology. With this in mind, this very well written and delightfully engaging book certainly succeeds." (Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Canada 2014)Table of ContentsCompanion Website details xv Preface xvii Acknowledgements xxi 1 The world of insects 1 1.1 The diversity of insects 1 1.2 The impact of insects on us 1 1.3 The impact we have on insects 5 1.4 Exploitation of insects 6 1.5 Other uses humans make of insects 6 1.6 Insect classification 7 2 External features of insects – structure and function 9 2.1 Introduction 9 2.2 The exoskeleton 10 2.3 The basic body plan of the insect 11 2.4 The head 11 2.5 The thorax 16 2.6 The abdomen 22 3 The major divisions of the Insecta 25 3.1 Introduction 25 3.2 Class Insecta, Subclass Apterygota or Phylum Arthropoda, Class Entognatha 25 3.3 Subclass Pterygota 26 4 Subclass Apterygota 31 4.1 Introduction 31 4.2 Order Diplura (two-pronged bristle-tails) 31 4.3 Order Protura 31 4.4 Order Thysanura (silverfi sh) 32 4.5 Order Collembola (springtails) 33 5 Subclass Pterygota, Division Exopterygota, Palaeopteran Orders 36 5.1 Introduction 36 5.2 Order Ephemeroptera (mayfl ies) 36 5.3 Order Odonata (dragonfl ies) 38 6 Subclass Pterygota, Division Exopterygota, Orthopteroid Orders 42 6.1 Introduction 42 6.2 Order Plecoptera (stoneflies) 43 6.3 Order Grylloblattodea 43 6.4 Order Mantophasmatodea (gladiators or heelwalkers) 44 6.5 Order Zoraptera (angel insects) 44 6.6 Order Orthoptera (grasshoppers and crickets) 44 6.7 Order Phasmida (stick and leaf insects) 51 6.8 Order Dermaptera (earwigs) 52 6.9 Order Embioptera (web spinners) 53 6.10 Order Dictyoptera (cockroaches and mantids) 54 6.11 Order Isoptera (termites) 57 7 Subclass Pterygota, Division Exopterygota, Hemipteroid Orders 63 7.1 Introduction 63 7.2 Order Psocoptera (booklice) 63 7.3 Order Mallophaga (biting lice) 64 7.4 Order Anoplura (= Siphunculata) (sucking lice) 64 7.5 Order Hemiptera (true bugs) 65 7.6 Order Thysanoptera (thrips or thunderflies) 106 8 Subclass Pterygota, Division Endopterygota, Lesser Orders 112 8.1 Introduction 112 8.2 Order Mecoptera (scorpion flies) 112 8.3 Order Siphonaptera (fleas) 113 8.4 Order Neuroptera 114 8.5 Order Trichoptera (caddis flies) 119 8.6 Order Strepsiptera (stylops) 120 9 Subclass Pterygota, Division Endopterygota, Order Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) 124 9.1 Introduction 124 9.2 Suborder Glossata 128 10 Subclass Pterygota, Division Endopterygota, Order Diptera (true flies) 159 10.1 Introduction 159 10.3 Suborder Brachycera 173 10.4 Suborder Cyclorrhapha 174 11 Subclass Pterygota, Division Endopterygota, Order Hymenoptera (sawflies, ants, bees and wasps) 193 11.1 Introduction 193 11.2 Suborder Symphyta (sawflies) 194 11.3 Suborder Apocrita (ants, bees, wasps and parasitic wasps) 198 12 Subclass Pterygota, Division Endopterygota, Order Coleoptera (beetles) 221 12.1 Introduction 221 12.2 Suborder Adephaga 225 12.3 Suborder Polyphaga 231 13 Class Arachnida 272 13.1 Introduction 272 13.2 Subclass Araneida (spiders) 272 13.3 Subclass Acarina (mites and ticks) 274 Bibliography 284 Index 287

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Book SynopsisA compact and accessible guidebook exploring current understanding of common bacterial and fungal pathogens of animals. Fundamentals of Veterinary Microbiology brings together knowledge and understanding of the bacterial pathogens of animals from disease signs and diagnostic methods to the molecular basis of the host pathogen interaction. A small but focused book, it enables the reader to access important information during diagnosis and treatment in a clinically relevant way. Suitable as a companion for study on the subject and for professional use, the author focuses on the more clinically common diseases at the general and first-referral level. Divided into three sections, the first covers the basics of bacterial microbiology such as structure, growth and genetics. The second examines the commonly encountered bacterial pathogens, with emphasis on current understanding of the cellular and molecular basis of infection and immunity. The third section explores the current state of knowledge of those fungi involved in infection of animals. Specific topics covered in Fundamentals of Veterinary Microbiology include: Nutrition, sterilization, and disinfection of bacteria, bacterial genes and gene transfer, pathogenicity and host response, and vaccinationAntimicrobials (action, dynamics, and resistance), typing and identification of pathogens, fungi as agents of disease, Salmonella and E. coli in animal disease and public healthPathogens transmitted by vectors such as Borrelia, those of endogenous origin such as Clostridium and Pasteurella and those able to spread widely such as Leptospira, Mycobacterium and ChlamydiaFungal pathogens causing superficial, subcutaneous and systemic mycoses Fundamentals of Veterinary Microbiology is an essential resource for veterinary students, veterinary nurses, and veterinary practitioners worldwide, allowing them to quickly establish a foundation of knowledge of bacterial pathogens based on clear understanding gained from studies over recent decades.Table of ContentsPreface xvii About the Companion Website xix 1 The Bacterial Cell 1 2 Metabolism, Growth and Culture of Bacteria 9 3 Sterilisation and Disinfection 15 4 Bacterial Genes and Gene Transfer 23 5 Bacterial Pathogenicity 29 6 Bacterial Veterinary Vaccines 39 7 Antimicrobials: Action, Dynamics and Resistance 43 8 Bacterial Typing 51 9 Salmonella 55 10 Escherichia coli – An Intestinal Pathogen 63 11 Escherichia coli as an Extraintestinal Pathogen 69 12 Campylobacter – Hyperendemic on the Farm 75 13 Leptospira – Using Urine to Spread 81 14 Lyme Disease – Ticks and Dogs 87 15 Brachyspira 91 16 Pasteurella 93 17 Pseudomonas and Burkholderia 97 18 Bordetella 101 19 Delicate Gram-negative Bacteria 105 20 Mannheimia, Actinobacillus and Other Pasteurellaceae 111 21 Chlamydia – A Stealthy Pathogen 117 22 Bovine Tuberculosis and Johne's Disease 121 23 Bacillus anthracis 129 24 Clostridium 133 25 Staphylococcus – Skin and Soft Tissue Infection 143 26 Streptococcus 149 27 Nocardia, Actinomyces and Dermatophilus – The Filamentous Pathogens 155 28 Prescottella (Rhodococcus) equi 159 29 Corynebacterium – CLA 163 30 Listeria – Growing in the Fridge 165 31 Erysipelothrix and Trueperella 169 32 Mycoplasma – Cell-associated Pathogens 173 33 Rickettsia – Arthropod Vector-borne Pathogens 179 34 Fungi as Agents of Disease 183 35 Aspergillus – Strength in Numbers 187 36 Dermatophytes – Keratinolytic Fungi 191 37 Yeasts: Malassezia, Candida and Cryptococcus 195 38 Dimorphic Fungal Infections 199 Index 205

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Book SynopsisPrinciples of Veterinary Parasitology is a student-friendly introduction to veterinary parasitology. Written primarily to meet the immediate needs of veterinary students, this textbook outlines the essential parasitological knowledge needed to underpin clinical practice.Trade ReviewThis is one of the most complete and easy to read books on veterinary parasitology that I have reviewed. The authors have captured and distilled the important information that is available about parasites. They have succeeded in providing current information without succumbing to irrelevant detail. Their goal of stimulating readers to further investigate and challenge themselves has been met. (Dennis French, © Doody’s Review Service)Principles of Veterinary Parasitology is an excellent textbook for parasitology courses in veterinary and veterinary technology curricula because it emphasizes common elements of parasite groups, followed by descriptions of the most common and important group members. The authors have done an outstanding job of discussing characteristics to unite aspects of parasite infection that students can use to create a framework for understanding the individual species they will encounter in clinical training and practice. The book has a student-friendly layout with attractive and useful illustrations. Color-coded boxes provide additional information and tips for learning material. (JAVMA, March 2016)The text is well supported by an excellent andextensive image library that has had numerous contributors fromall over the world, and a large number of equally excellent handdrawn illustrations. (Veterinary Parasitology, April 2016)The four authors bring their substantial experience in parasitology but also in teaching which makes this book much less off-putting than the usual parasitology directories. Numerous pictures and drawings help one to understand the anatomy and the cycles of the parasites. The accompanying website contains the glossary but also guidance on the pronunciation of the exotic names of those creatures and also ways to identify them. (Vet Nurses Today, January 2016)"This textbook has been written primarily to meet the immediate needs of veterinary students, outlining the essential parasitological knowledge needed to underpin clinical practice, but I feel that is a great text for any veterinarian or veterinary nurse that has an interest in parasitology and I have enjoyed reading it" NZ Vet Nurses Association, June 2017 Table of ContentsAbout the authors ix Foreword x Preface xi Acknowledgements xii List of abbreviations xiv About the companion website xv 1 Veterinary Parasitology: basic concepts 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.1.1 What is Veterinary Parasitology? 2 1.2 Parasitism and parasites 2 1.2.1 Parasitism 2 1.2.2 Classification 3 1.2.3 Host–parasite relationships 4 1.3 Host–parasite interactions 6 1.3.1 Host defences 6 1.3.2 Parasite evasion of immunity 9 1.4 Parasitic disease 10 1.4.1 The host–parasite balance 10 1.4.2 Why parasites are important 10 1.4.3 Pathogenic mechanisms 11 1.5 Diagnostic techniques 12 1.5.1 Direct detection methods 12 1.5.2 Indirect detection methods 13 1.5.3 Limitations 16 1.6 Treatment and control 16 1.6.1 Key concepts 16 1.6.2 Chemotherapy 17 1.6.3 Resistance to parasiticides 18 1.6.4 Integrated parasite management 19 1.6.5 Vaccination 19 1.6.6 Alternative technologies 21 1.6.7 Concluding remarks 23 2 Arthropods part 1: introduction and insects 25 2.1 Introduction 25 2.2 Insects 26 2.2.1 Key concepts 26 2.2.2 Fleas (Siphonaptera) 32 2.2.3 Lice (Phthiraptera) 36 2.2.4 Bugs (Hemiptera) 39 2.2.5 Biting and nuisance flies (Diptera) 40 2.2.6 Myiasis-producing dipterans 48 3 Arthropods part 2: ticks, mites and ectoparasiticides 57 3.1 Introduction 57 3.2 Ticks 57 3.2.1 Key concepts 57 3.2.2 Hard ticks (Ixodidae) 62 3.2.3 Soft ticks (Argasidae) 65 3.3 Mange mites 65 3.3.1 Key concepts 66 3.3.2 Subsurface mites 66 3.3.3 Surface mites 69 3.4 Other arthropods 74 3.5 Ectoparasiticides 75 3.5.1 Key concepts 75 3.5.2 Some important ectoparasiticides 77 3.5.3 Insect growth regulators 79 3.5.4 Problems with ectoparasiticides 79 4 Protozoa (single-celled parasites) 81 4.1 Introduction 81 4.2 Key concepts 82 4.2.1 Classification 82 4.2.2 Locomotion 82 4.2.3 Nutrition 84 4.2.4 Transmission 84 4.2.5 Reproduction 84 4.3 Ciliates 84 4.4 Amoebae 85 4.5 Flagellates 86 4.5.1 Haemoflagellates 86 4.5.2 Other flagellates 90 4.6 Coccidia 94 4.6.1 General characteristics 94 4.6.2 Eimeria 95 4.6.3 Coccidiosis 98 4.7 Tissue cyst-forming coccidia 99 4.7.1 Sarcocystis 100 4.7.2 Besnoitia 102 4.7.3 Toxoplasma 103 4.7.4 Neospora 106 4.8 Blood-borne apicomplexans 107 4.8.1 Babesia 108 4.8.2 Theileria 112 4.9 Cryptosporidia 113 4.9.1 Cryptosporidium parvum 113 4.9.2 Avian cryptosporidiosis 114 4.10 Antiprotozoal drugs 115 4.10.1 Key concepts 115 4.10.2 Anticoccidial drugs 115 5 Platyhelminthes (‘flatworms’) 117 5.1 Introduction 117 5.2 Cestodes 118 5.2.1 Key concepts 118 5.3 Cyclophyllidean tapeworms 119 5.3.1 Cyclophyllidean life-cycle 119 5.3.2 Metacestodes 121 5.3.3 Taenia 122 5.3.4 Echinococcus 126 5.3.5 Other cyclophyllidean tapeworms 130 5.4 Pseudophyllidean tapeworms 133 5.4.1 Pseudophyllidean life-cycle 133 5.4.2 Important pseudophyllideans 133 5.5 Cestocidal drugs 135 5.5.1 Praziquantel 135 5.6 Trematodes 135 5.6.1 Digenean trematodes 136 5.6.2 Fasciola 138 5.6.3 Other digenean trematodes 142 5.7 Flukicidal drugs 145 5.7.1 Benzimidazoles 146 5.7.2 Salicylanilides 146 6 Nematoda (‘roundworms’) part 1: concepts and bursate nematodes 147 6.1 Introduction 147 6.2 Key concepts 147 6.2.1 Recognition features 148 6.2.2 General biology 152 6.3 Bursate nematodes 153 6.3.1 Bursate superfamilies 153 6.3.2 Trichostrongyloidea 159 6.3.3 Strongyloidea 164 6.3.4 Ancylostomatoidea (hookworms) 171 6.3.5 Metastrongyloidea (lungworms) 173 7 Nematoda (‘roundworms’) part 2: nonbursate nematodes and anthelmintics 181 7.1 Nonbursate nematodes 181 7.1.1 Nonbursate superfamilies 182 7.1.2 Rhabditoidea 182 7.1.3 Ascaridoidea (ascarids) 184 7.1.4 Oxyuroidea (pinworms) 192 7.1.5 Spiruroidea and Filarioidea 193 7.1.6 Trichinelloidea 200 7.2 Other parasitic worms 205 7.2.1 Acanthocephala 205 7.2.2 Leeches 206 7.3 Anthelmintics 207 7.3.1 Levamisole group 207 7.3.2 Macrocyclic lactones 208 7.3.3 Benzimidazoles 209 7.3.4 Newer chemical groups 211 8 Clinical parasitology: farm animals 213 8.1 Introduction 213 8.2 Ruminants 213 8.2.1 Digestive system 214 8.2.2 Respiratory system 225 8.2.3 Cardiovascular system 228 8.2.4 Integument 230 8.2.5 Other body systems 235 8.3 Pigs (swine) 237 8.3.1 Internal organs 238 8.3.2 Integument 240 8.4 Poultry 241 8.4.1 Internal organs 242 8.4.2 Integument 246 9 Clinical parasitology: companion animals and veterinary public health 249 9.1 Equine parasitology 249 9.1.1 Digestive system 249 9.1.2 Respiratory and circulatory systems 254 9.1.3 Integument 255 9.1.4 Other body systems 260 9.2 Small animal parasitology 261 9.2.1 Digestive system 261 9.2.2 Respiratory and circulatory systems 264 9.2.3 Integument 268 9.2.4 Other body systems 273 9.3 Veterinary public health 274 9.3.1 Food-borne zoonoses 274 9.3.2 Environmental zoonoses 278 References 285 Index 287

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Book SynopsisA concise, well-illustrated book which introduces the theoretical and practical basics of veterinary neuropathology, based on the authors' extensive clinical and teaching experience. The book teaches neuropathology from scratch not only for pathologists and neurologists but also other interested groups - particularly imaging specialists.Trade Review“In summary, this is an excellent, well-priced textbook that will be invaluable to practitioners and particularly residents in pathology and neurology training.” (Veterinary Pathology, 1 January 2014) “This book is not only written for specialists but it will help general practitioners understand better the various mechanisms of neurological diseases in many different species. The linked website presents RMI sequences and more neuropathological findings.” (Vets Today, 1 June 2013) “Add color gross, histological and MRI images and you have a key reference any veterinary collection must have.” (Midwest Book Reviews, 1 May 2013) “Thus, ‘Veterinary Neuropathology’ by Vandevelde, Higgins and Oevermann is an ideal aid for the visual approach to structural lesions of the nervous system. If you are a neurophilic veterinarian, don’t leave this book out of your bookshelf unless it has been translocated already to your desk and is open in front of your eyes.” (Veterinary Record, 6 April 2013)Table of ContentsPreface ix Foreword x 1 General neuropathology 1 1.1 Principles of neuroanatomy for diagnostic neuropathologists 1 1.1.1 Anatomical orientation by using the ventricular system 1 1.1.2 Major anatomical regions of interest 2 1.1.3 Histological neuroanatomy 7 1.2 Neuropathological techniques 11 1.2.1 Necropsy techniques 11 1.2.2 Brain sectioning, macroscopic inspection and sampling for histology 12 1.3 Basic tissue reaction patterns 14 1.3.1 Reactions of neurons to injury 14 1.3.2 Oligodendrocytes 20 1.3.3 Astrocytes 20 1.3.4 Microglia/macrophages 22 1.3.5 CSF spaces 23 1.3.6 Blood vessels 23 1.3.7 Disturbance of water balance: edema 24 1.3.8 Artifacts, postmortem degeneration, pseudolesions and old age 26 1.4 Recognizing major lesion patterns 28 1.4.1 The major lesion patterns 28 1.4.2 Lesion distribution pattern 31 1.4.3 Classification of neurological diseases 31 1.4.4 General strategy 33 1.5 Neuropathology in the clinics: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 33 1.5.1 Basic MRI physics 33 1.5.2 Principles of interpretation 34 Further reading 36 Neuropathology general 36 Neurology/functional neuroanatomy 36 Neuroanatomy 37 Techniques for PNS and muscle 37 Basic tissue reaction patterns 37 Edema 37 Artifacts, pseudolesions, old age 37 Magnetic resonance imaging 37 2 Vascular disorders 38 2.1 Pathophysiology of ischemia 38 2.2 General strategy for diagnosing vascular lesions 38 2.3 Common vascular lesions 39 2.3.1 Vascular lesions of the brain 39 2.3.2 Vascular lesions of the spinal cord 44 2.3.3 Ischemia in the peripheral nervous system and muscles 46 Further reading 46 Cerebral infarcts 46 Hemorrhage 46 Hypertensive encehalopathy 46 Fibrocartilagenous emboli 47 Aortic thrombosis 47 3 Inflammatory diseases 48 3.1 Pathophysiology of inflammation 48 3.1.1 Entry and effect of infectious agents in the nervous system 48 3.1.2 Immune reaction of the host against the infectious agent in the CNS 48 3.1.3 Morphological aspects of the immune response 49 3.2 General strategy for diagnosis of inflammatory lesions 50 3.2.1 Recognizing major inflammatory reaction patterns 51 3.2.2 Determining the distribution pattern of the lesions 52 3.2.3 Specific features 52 3.3 Common CNS infections 54 3.3.1 Neurotropic viral infections 54 3.3.2 Viral granulomatous inflammation 58 3.3.3 Viral vasculitis 60 3.3.4 Viral leukoencephalitis 61 3.3.5 Bacterial infections 63 3.3.6 Mycotic and algal infections 68 3.3.7 Protozoal infections 69 3.3.8 Helminth infections 70 3.4 Non-infectious and immune-mediated inflammatory lesions 72 3.4.1 Definition 72 3.4.2 Neurological diseases assumed to be immune-mediated 73 Further reading 79 General 79 Neurotropic viral infections 79 Viral granulomatous infections 79 Viral vasculitis 79 Demyelinating viral infections 79 Bacterial infections 79 Fungal infections 80 Protozoal infections 80 Helminth infections 80 Non-infectious and Immune-mediated inflammatory disorders 80 4 Trauma 81 4.1 Pathophysiology of CNS trauma 81 4.1.1 Pathogenesis of brain trauma 81 4.1.2 Pathogenesis of spinal cord trauma 82 4.2 General strategy for diagnosis of traumatic CNS lesions 84 4.3 Traumatic nervous system diseases 85 4.3.1 Trauma of the brain 85 4.3.2 Traumatic spinal cord lesions 87 4.3.3 Trauma in the peripheral nervous system 89 Further reading 90 Pathophysiology of CNS trauma 90 Brain trauma 91 Intervertebral disc disease 91 Spinal malformations 91 Wobbler syndrome 91 Other causes of cord compression 91 Cauda equina syndrome 91 5 Congenital malformations 92 5.1 Pathophysiology 92 5.1.1 Ontogeny of the CNS 92 5.1.2 Etiology 92 5.2 General strategy for diagnosing anomalies of the CNS 93 5.3 Common malformations 93 5.3.1 Neural tube closure defects 93 5.3.2 Defects of forebrain induction 94 5.3.3 Neuronal migration disorders and sulcation defects 95 5.3.4 Disorders of proliferation or size 96 5.3.5 Encephaloclastic defects 97 5.3.6 Malformations in the caudal fossa and spinal cord 97 5.3.7 Congenital hydrocephalus and other anomalies of CSF pathways 100 Further reading 104 Neural tube closure defects 104 Defects of forebrain induction 104 Neuronal migration disorders and sulcation defects 104 Encephaloclastic defects 104 Cerebellar hypoplasia 104 Dandy Walker syndrome 104 Chiari malformation, Syringomyelia 104 Hydrocephalus 104 Arachnoidal and ependymal cysts 105 6 Metabolic–toxic diseases 106 6.1 General strategy for diagnosis of metabolic–toxic lesions 106 6.1.1 The major patterns 106 6.1.2 Further differential diagnosis 106 6.2 Encephalomalacias/myelomalacias 108 6.2.1 Polioencephalomalacia (PE) or cerebrocortical necrosis (CCN) 108 6.2.2 Polioencephalomalacia of subcortical structures and brainstem 114 6.2.3 Poliomyelomalacia 115 6.2.4 Leukoencephalomalacias 116 6.2.5 Encephalomalacias involving both gray and white matter 117 6.3 Acquired metabolic–toxic selective lesions 118 6.3.1 Neuronal degeneration 118 6.3.2 Axonal degeneration 121 6.3.3 Myelin degeneration 121 6.4 Spongy degeneration 122 6.5 Metabolic–toxic lesions of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and skeletal muscle 124 6.5.1 Metabolic–toxic neuropathies 125 6.5.2 Metabolic–toxic myopathies 125 Further reading 126 General 126 Polioencephalomalacia large animals 126 Polioencephalomalacia in small animals 126 Hippocampal necrosis and sclerosis 126 Subcortical and brainstem encephalomalacias 126 Selenium poisoning 126 Equine leukomalacia 126 Enterotoxemia 126 CO poisoning 127 Metabolic toxic neuronal degenerations 127 Grass sickness 127 Acquired lysosomal storage diseases 127 Metabolic–toxic axonal degenerations 127 Irradiated feed-induced myelinopathy in cats 127 Toxic spongy degenerations 127 Hepatic encephalopathy 127 Toxic peripheral neuropathies 127 Metabolic peripheral neuropathies 128 Matabolic–toxic myopathies 128 7 Neoplasia 129 7.1 General strategy for diagnosis of neoplastic lesions 129 7.1.1 Clinic and diagnostic imaging 129 7.1.2 Interpretation of gross findings 129 7.1.3 Diagnosis 130 7.1.4 Grading 133 7.2 Tumors of neuroepithelial origin 133 7.2.1 Astrocytomas 133 7.2.2 Oligodendroglioma 137 7.2.3 Mixed gliomas (oligoastrocytomas) 139 7.2.4 Ependymoma 140 7.2.5 Choroid plexus tumors (papillomas and carcinomas) 142 7.2.6 Neuronal and mixed neuronal– glial tumors 143 7.2.7 Embryonal tumors 144 7.3 Tumors of cranial and spinal nerves 145 7.3.1 Benign PNST 145 7.3.2 Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) 147 7.4 Tumors of the meninges 147 7.4.1 Meningioma 147 7.4.2 Granular cell tumor 150 7.4.3 Mesenchymal tumors 151 7.5 Lymphomas and hematopoietic tumors 151 7.5.1 Primary T and B cell lymphomas 151 7.5.2 Intravascular lymphoma 151 7.5.3 Metastatic lymphoma 152 7.5.4 Primary CNS histiocytic sarcoma 152 7.6 Germ cell tumors 152 7.6.1 Germinoma 152 7.6.2 Teratoma 153 7.7 Embryonal tumors of nonneuroepithelial origin 153 7.7.1 Thoracolumbar spinal cord tumor (ectopic nephroblastoma) 153 7.8 Secondary or metastatic tumors 154 Further reading 155 General 155 Glial tumors 155 Choroid plexus tumors 155 Neuronal tumors 155 Embryonal tumors 155 PNS tumors 155 Meningiomas 155 Granular cell tumor 155 Mesenchymal tumors 155 Lymphomas and hemapoetic tumors 156 Germ cell tumors 156 Nephroblastoma 156 Metastatic tumors 156 8 Degenerative diseases 157 8.1 General strategy for differential diagnosis of degenerative lesions 157 8.1.1 Recognizing the major patterns 157 8.1.2 Further analysis 157 8.1.3 Diagnosis 159 8.2 Degeneration of neurons 159 8.2.1 General aspects 159 8.2.2 Motor neuron diseases 159 8.2.3 Cerebellar degenerations 162 8.2.4 Other neuronal degenerations 165 8.3 Axonal degenerations 166 8.3.1 Wallerian-like degenerative axonopathies 166 8.3.2 Axonopathies with prominent axonal swelling 171 8.4 Myelin disorders 173 8.4.1 Leukodystrophies 173 8.4.2 Myelin dysgenesis 177 8.5 Storage diseases 178 8.5.1 Lysosomal storage diseases 178 8.5.2 Neuronal ceroid lipofucsinoses (ncl) 181 8.5.3 Lafora’s disease 181 8.5.4 Acquired lysosomal storage diseases 182 8.6 Spongiform encephalopathies 182 8.6.1 Transmissible degenerative diseases 182 8.6.2 Neuropathology of TSE 183 8.6.3 TSEs in domestic animals 184 8.7 Spongy degenerations 185 8.7.1 Definition and general morphological features 185 8.7.2 Spongy degeneration in branchedchain organic acidurias 186 8.7.3 Spongy degenerations of other causes 187 8.8 Selective symmetrical encephalomalacias (SSE) 187 8.8.1 General morphological features 187 8.8.2 Mitochondrial encephalopathies in people and similar lesions in animals 187 8.9 Degenerative diseases of the peripheral nervous system and muscle 189 8.9.1 Degenerative polyneuropathies 189 8.9.2 Degenerative myopathies 189 Further reading 190 Motor neuron diseases 190 Cerebellar degenerations 190 Other neuronal degenerations 190 Alzheimer disease 190 Wallerian-like axonal degenerations 190 Degenerative myelopathy in old dogs 190 Wallerian-like degeneration in large animals 191 Neuroaxonal dystrophy 191 Leukodystrophies 191 Dysmyelination 191 Lysosomal storage diseases 191 Spongiform encephalopathies 191 Spongy degenerations 191 Selective symmetrical encephalomalacias 192 Degenerative diseases of the PNS and muscles 192 Index 193

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Book Synopsisfeline internal medicine Helping you get started with a problem-solving approach to a sick cat. feline internal medicine kit sturgess Notes on Feline Internal Medicine, second edition, is part of a popular series specifically designed, through an accessible note-based style, to ensure veterinarians and students have quick and easy access to comprehensive and practical clinical and diagnostic information. Distinct differences exist between cats and dogs not only in their physiology and metabolism but also in the way disease tends to present. This book is a short pocket guide' to feline internal medicine helping you to formulate a diagnostic plan and therapeutic strategy. The focus is on evidence-based medicine where available, otherwise current best-practice is presented. The book is divided into five sections: Section 1 gives an overview of some key areas of feline medicine including paediatric and geriatric medicine. Section 2 focuTrade Review“This book will be a welcome resource for veterinary and graduate students who are studying the fascinating and increasingly complex subject of immunology. It is reasonably priced for practicing veterinarians who want to review the mechanisms or diagnosis of immune-mediated or immunodeficiency diseases or brush up on the concepts of vaccinology.” (Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 15 September 2014) “Students will find the format more accessible than most and will welcome this fine survey!.” (Midwest Book Review, 1 May 2014) “This little book is an example of how ‘first impressions can be deceiving’. It is quite simply a little gem and deserves its place on the bookshelf next to Ettinger.” (Veterinary Record, 21 December 2013) “In this book Kit Sturgess has provided a high class reference ‘pocket guide’ to feline internal medicine. It follows an evidence-based format and is in my opinion a useful book to have on any veterinarian’s bookshelf. This book will be viewed time and time again, and should be considered essential reading for veterinary students and recently qualified vets in first opinion practice.” (EJCAP, 1 October 2013) Table of ContentsAbbreviations viii Introduction 1 Section 1: Key topics in feline medicine 5 1.1 Health screening 7 1.2 Preventative medicine 10 1.3 Paediatrics 13 1.4 Gerontology 20 1.5 Supportive care – fluid therapy and analgesia 23 1.6 Sedation and anaesthesia 28 1.7 Emergency and critical care algorithms 32 Section 2: Clinical signs 37 Introduction 39 2.1 Abdominal enlargement 39 2.2 Anorexia 42 2.3 Arrhythmias 44 2.4 Ascites and peritoneal effusions 46 2.5 Ataxia 49 2.6 Behavioural changes 51 2.7 Bleeding/coagulopathies 52 2.8 Body odour 53 2.9 Collapse/syncope and weakness 54 2.10 Cardiac murmurs 56 2.11 Constipation, tenesmus and dyschezia 58 2.12 Chronic coughing 60 2.13 Diarrhoea 63 2.14 Dysphagia 65 2.15 Dyspnoea (respiratory distress) 67 2.16 Dysuria 70 2.17 Failure to grow 72 2.18 Flatulence 73 2.19 Haematemesis, haemoptysis and epistaxis 74 2.20 Haematochezia and melaena 75 2.21 Haematuria and haemoglobinuria 77 2.22 Hypothermia 79 2.23 Incontinence (urinary) 80 2.24 Incontinence (faecal) 81 2.25 Infertility – queens 82 2.26 Infertility – tomcats 84 2.27 Jaundice (icterus) 85 2.28 Lymphadenopathy 88 2.29 Ocular changes caused by systemic disease 89 2.30 Pallor 90 2.31 Paresis and paralysis 91 2.32 Polyphagia 93 2.33 Polyuria/polydipsia 94 2.34 Ptyalism 96 2.35 Pyrexia (fever) of unknown origin – PUO (FUO) 97 2.36 Regurgitation 98 2.37 Seizures 100 2.38 Sneezing and nasal discharge 102 2.39 Stiffness 104 2.40 Stupor and altered states of consciousness 105 2.41 Tremor 106 2.42 Vomiting 107 2.43 Weight loss 109 Section 3: Common abnormalities of haematology, biochemistry and urinalysis 111 Introduction 113 3.1 Low haematocrit 113 3.2 High haematocrit 114 3.3 Platelet abnormalities and clotting system 115 3.4 White blood cell changes 116 3.5 Acid–base disturbances 117 3.6 Amylase and lipase 118 3.7 Azotaemia 119 3.8 Calcium imbalance 120 3.9 Cholesterol and triglyceride changes 120 3.10 Electrolyte disturbances 121 3.11 Glucose abnormalities 122 3.12 Liver parameters 123 3.13 Muscle enzymes 125 3.14 Phosphate 125 3.15 Protein abnormalities 126 3.16 Urinalysis 128 Section 4: Organ systems 133 4.1 Respiratory disease 135 4.2 Cardiology 154 4.3 Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disease 190 4.4 Hepatobiliary disease 218 4.5 Renal disease 229 4.6 Lower urinary tract disease 249 4.7 Endocrine disease 263 4.8 Neurologic disease 283 4.9 Neuromuscular and muscular disease 304 4.10 Skeletal disease 307 4.11 Disorders of the blood, haemopoietic and immune system 318 4.12 Oncology and chemotherapy 336 4.13 Nutrition 339 4.14 Intoxication 350 Section 5: Infectious disease 355 5.1 Bordetellosis 357 5.2 Viral upper respiratory tract disease 358 5.3 Avian infl uenza 360 5.4 Chlamydophila felis 361 5.5 Feline infectious anaemia 364 5.6 Feline infectious peritonitis 366 5.7 Feline spongiform encephalopathy 371 5.8 Mycobacterial infections 372 5.9 Rabies virus 374 5.10 Toxoplasmosis 378 5.11 Feline leukaemia virus 380 5.12 Feline immunodefi ciency virus 387 5.13 Feline viral enteritis 391 5.14 Other infectious disease 396 5.15 Feline zoonoses 401 Further reading 403 Index 405

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Book SynopsisThis dictionary is intended as a guide to the terminology used in a wide range of animal-related programmes of study including agriculture, animal care, animal management, animal production, animal welfare, veterinary nursing, wildlife conservation and zoo biology. In total it contains over 5,300 entries.Trade ReviewIt's a fine 'must' for any working with animals, especially vet reference collections. (Midwest Book Review, 1 May 2014)Table of ContentsPreface viii Acknowledgements x How to use this book xi A note on classification xii Alphabetical entries 1 Acronyms and abbreviations 315 References 321

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Book SynopsisManual of Trauma Management in the Dog and Catprovides quick access to clinically relevant information on stabilizing, diagnosing, and managing the trauma patient. The book uses an outline format to provide fast access to essentialinformation, focusing on practical advice and techniques for treating traumatic injuries. Manual of Trauma Management in the Dog and Cat is an ideal handbook for quickly and confidently managing this common presenting complaint. Beginning with a concise summary of the global assessment of traumatized patients, the heart of the book is devoted to guidance on managing specific types of trauma following definitive diagnosis. Manual of Trauma Management in the Dog and Catis a valuable quick-reference guide to treating canine and feline trauma patients for general practitioners and emergency specialists alike.Trade Review"The lay out has been designed to facilitate rapid intervention: algorithms, classification and bullet point lists provide clear dos and don'ts in the case of an emergency ... No doubt this manual will become the faithful companion when you are "on call." (Tomorrow's Vets, 1 January 2012) "Clinical details are accessible to clinical and emergency settings alike, making this a detailed, essential reference." (The Midwest Book Review, 1 November 2011) "This book provides practical information on a wide range of traumatic injuries. The format should make it easy to use in an emergency situation." (Doddy's, 9 September 2011) Table of ContentsPreface VIII Acknowledgments IX Contributor List X 1. Global Approach To The Trauma Patient 1 Kenneth J. Drobatz 2. Triage and Primary Survey 6 Matthew W. Beal 3. Shock In The Trauma Patient 19 Rebecca S. Syring 4. Monitoring The Trauma Patient 46 Dana L. Clarke and Andrew J. Brown 5. Anesthesia and Analgesia For The Trauma Patient 72 Benjamin M. Brainard and Lindsey Culp Snyder 6. Trauma-Associated Thoracic Injury 98 Matthew W. Beal 7. Traumatic Brain Injury 136 Rebecca S. Syring 8. Trauma-Associated Peripheral Nerve Injury 157 Jessica Snyder 9. Traumatic Spinal Injury 166 Daniel Fletcher 10. Urinary Tract Trauma 176 Merilee F. Costello 11. Trauma-Associated Abdominal Parenchymal Organ Injury 191 Andrew J. Brown, Charles S. McBrien, and Stephen J. Mehler 12. Trauma-Associated Biliary Tract Injury 204 Philipp D. Mayhew 13. Trauma-Associated Body Wall and Torso Injury 214 Philipp D. Mayhew and William Culp 14. Trauma-Associated Gastrointestinal Injury 220 Philipp D. Mayhew and William Culp 15. Trauma-Associated Ocular Injury 229 Deborah C. Mandell 16. Trauma-Associated Musculoskeletal Injury To The Head 255 Alexander M. Reiter and John R. Lewis 17. Trauma-Associated Soft Tissue Injury To The Head and Neck 279 John R. Lewis and Alexander M. Reiter 18. Trauma-Associated Musculoskeletal Injury To The Appendicular Skeleton 293 Stephen J. Mehler 19. Trauma-Associated Musculoskeletal Injury To The Pelvis, Sacrum, and Tail 335 Lauren May and Stephen J. Mehler 20. Bite Wound Trauma 347 David Holt 21. Trauma-Associated Aural Injury 356 William T. Culp and Philipp D. Mayhew Index 365

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Book SynopsisNursing the Feline Patient is a comprehensive and accessible clinical manual addressing the unique nursing needs of cats. Covering all aspects of feline nursing care from the examination room to the surgical suite, the book highlights the special considerations for cat patients throughout.Trade Review“This reference is an excellent value for the money and will provide practical everyday assistance for veterinary technicians who work with cats. ” (Journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association, 16 September 2012) “A must have if you are serious about cats.” (Vet Nurses Today, 1November 2012) Table of ContentsEditors viii Contributors ix Preface x Section 1: Patient Management 1 Patient History and Physical Examination Nicole Atkens Humphreys 3 2 Restraint Linda E. Schmeltzer 7 3 Environmental Enrichment in the Hospital Gary D. Norsworthy and Linda E. Schmeltzer 12 4 Preventive Health Programs Linda E. Schmeltzer 18 5 Gestation, Parturition, and Neonatal Care Linda E. Schmeltzer 21 6 Geriatric Care Karen M. Lovelace 24 Section 2: Diagnostics 7 Diagnostic Imaging of the Feline Patient Judith Hudson and Merrilee Holland 31 8 Venipuncture and Cystocentesis Karen M. Lovelace 66 9 Cytology J. Scot Estep 70 10 In-Office Methodology and Quality Assurance Assessment Craig M. Tockman 80 11 Interpretation of Common Feline Laboratory Values Keith DeJong 90 12 Hematology Laura V. Lane and Rick L. Cowell 97 Section 3: Surgery and Recovery 13 Anesthesia: Sedation and General Ludovic Pelligand 113 14 Surgical Preparation Eric Schmeltzer 119 15 Anesthetic Monitoring of the Feline Patient Susan Bryant 121 16 Pain Assessment and Management Susan Bryant 129 17 Postoperative Care Linda E. Schmeltzer 136 18 Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Barbara Bockstahler and David Levine 138 19 Dentistry and Dental Radiography Diana Eubanks 145 Section 4: Major Diseases of the Cat 20 Cardiology Gary D. Norsworthy 155 21 Dermatology Gary D. Norsworthy 164 22 Diseases of the Digestive System Linda E. Schmeltzer and Gary D. Norsworthy 172 23 Endocrine Diseases Linda E. Schmeltzer 178 24 Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Teija Kaarina Viita-aho 182 25 Feline Infectious Peritonitis Linda E. Schmeltzer 185 26 Feline Leukemia Virus Diseases Linda E. Schmeltzer 189 27 Parasitology Teija Kaarina Viita-aho 195 28 Respiratory Diseases Linda E. Schmeltzer 204 29 Toxicoses Sharon Fooshee Grace 208 30 Urinary Tract Diseases Linda E. Schmeltzer and Gary D. Norsworthy 213 Index 219 Clinical cases, Q&As for downloading, and images from the book in PowerPoint are available for download at www.wiley.com/go/schmeltzernorsworthy

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Book SynopsisLarge Animal Parasitology Procedures for Veterinary Technicians Comprehensive illustrated reference on parasitic nematodes, cestodes, coccidian oocysts and trematode egg recoveries, identification, and enumeration with treatment strategies for five separate categories of animal patients Large Animal Parasitology Procedures for Veterinary Technicians illustrates, in detail, the most sensitive diagnostic procedure for internal parasites of domestic animals using the Modified Wisconsin Sugar Flotation Method. With step-by-step pictures and bullet-point instructions, this text discusses sample collection and storage techniques, as well as the strengths and weaknesses inherent to other commonly used tests. Potential sources for infection, the seasonality of the infection, possible environmental recontamination, and control strategies are all covered in detail, with suggestions to prevent reoccurrences. Parasites of the equine, large and small ruminants (including alpaca), swine, poultry and hoofed wildlife patients are included, with full color images for quick identification, an assessment of life cycle stage, and discussion of zoonotic potential. Each species section is heavily illustrated with comparative images to aid the technician in quickly identifying the parasite and life cycle stage. In Large Animal Parasitology Procedures for Veterinary Technicians, readers can find information on: The definition and economic importance of parasitisms, details on the epidemiology of parasitic enteritis, including basics of protozoology, helminthology, and overall applied veterinary parasitology Sample collection and shipment of specimens, including collection, storage, examinations, and interpretations Fecal examination using the Modified Wisconsin Sugar Flotation method, compared with gross examination, smear, sedimentation, and other flotation techniques, plus a fluke egg recovery technique and the Baermann technique for lungworm larvae recovery Internal parasite diagnosis and worm egg recoveries, descriptions and pictures of nematode parasite eggs (as well as coccidia oocysts), plus tapeworm eggs and fluke egg descriptions and photos for a variety of host animals Illustrating commonly used diagnostic tests in veterinary parasitology, with step-by-step instructions for accuracy, Large Animal Parasitology Procedures for Veterinary Technicians is an essential reference for veterinary technicians and veterinary technician students dealing with domestic animals, including horses, ruminants, swine, poultry, and hoofed wildlife.

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Book SynopsisOocyte Physiology and Development in Domestic Animals reviews the most recent advances in the research of physiological and biochemical mechanisms underlying oocyte growth and development, providing readers with the fundamental understanding of these key processes and summarizing this important field of research.Table of ContentsContributors xi Preface xiii Acknowledgments xv Chapter 1 Oocyte Development before and during Folliculogenesis 1Melissa Pepling 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Germ Cell Cyst and Ovigerous Cord Formation 1 1.3 Meiotic Entry and Progression 4 1.4 Follicle Formation 6 1.5 Follicle Development 9 1.6 Steroid Hormone Signaling in Oocyte Development 13 1.7 Summary 14 References 14 Chapter 2 The In Vitro Culture of Ovarian Follicles: A Brief History and Current Considerations 21Bahar Uslu and Joshua Johnson 2.1 Introduction 21 2.2 A Brief Historical Review of In Vitro Follicle Culture 23 2.3 State-of-the-Art In Vitro Follicle Culture 24 2.4 The Future of Ovarian Follicle Culture 28 Acknowledgments 29 References 29 Chapter 3 Regulation of Oocyte Meiotic Resumption by Somatic Cells 35Masayuki Shimada 3.1 Meiotic Resumption Is Negatively Regulated in a cAMP-Dependent Manner 35 3.2 The Regulation of cAMP Level in Mouse Oocytes 37 3.3 The Expression and Roles of PDEs in both Cumulus Cells and Oocytes in Domestic Animals 38 3.4 Closure of Gap Junctional Communication 39 3.5 How to Activate the ERK1/2 Pathway in Cumulus Cells of COC 43 3.6 ERK1/2 in Cumulus Cells Is Required for Meiotic Resumption 45 3.7 Dynamic Changes of Kinase Activities within Oocytes 47 3.8 Conclusion 49 References 49 Chapter 4 Oocyte-Secreted Factors in Domestic Animals 55Jeremy G. Thompson, David G. Mottershead, and Robert B. Gilchrist 4.1 Introduction 55 4.2 Historical Background 56 4.3 Localization and Specificity 57 4.4 Structure and Genetic Diversity of Gdf9 and Bmp15 58 4.5 Signalling Mechanisms of Gdf9 and Bmp15 60 4.6 Roles of Oocyte-Secreted Factors 61 4.7 Manipulation and Use in Reproductive Technologies 64 4.8 Concluding Remarks 65 References 66 Chapter 5 MicroRNAs in Oocyte Physiology and Development 71Dawit Tesfaye, Md M. Hossain, and Karl Schellander 5.1 Introduction 71 5.2 Biogenesis of miRNA 71 5.3 Recognition and Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Target mRNA by miRNA 73 5.4 miRNA in Germ Cell Differentiation and Oogenesis 74 5.5 Expression and Regulation of miRNA in Oocyte Development 75 5.6 miRNAs in Oocyte Maturation and Competence 77 5.7 miRNAs as Temporal Regulatory Cascades of Maternal mRNA Translation 78 5.8 miRNAs in Oocyte Development in Relation to Endocrine Control 79 5.9 miRNA Regulation of Epigenetic Mechanisms in the Oocyte 79 5.10 Strategic Approaches and Challenges to Study the Role of miRNAs in Oocytes 80 5.11 Concluding Remarks 81 References 81 Chapter 6 Bovine Oocyte Gene Expression: Identification of Functional Regulators of Early Embryogenesis 85Swamy K. Tripurani, Jianbo Yao, and George W. Smith 6.1 Introduction 85 6.2 Potential Contribution of Oocyte-Specific Transcriptional and Post-Transcriptional Regulators to Bovine Oocyte Competence: Available Evidence and Gaps in Knowledge 87 6.3 Maternal Oocyte-Derived Factors Required Specifically for Early Embryogenesis 94 6.4 Functional Genomics Studies of Bovine Oocyte Competence and Early Embryogenesis: Identification of Novel Mediators 99 6.5 Conclusions 104 References 105 Chapter 7 Epigenetic Modifications during Mammalian Oocyte Growth and Meiotic Progression 111Claudia Baumann, Maria M. Viveiros, and Rabindranath De La Fuente 7.1 Introduction 111 7.2 Establishment of Epigenetic Modifications during Postnatal Oocyte Growth 112 7.3 Establishment and Maintenance of DNA Methylation during Oocyte Growth 114 7.4 Large-Scale Chromatin Remodeling during Meiotic Division 117 7.5 Environmental Effects Adversely Influencing the Female Gamete 127 7.6 Chromosome-microtubule Interactions in the Mammalian Oocyte 130 7.7 Conclusion 133 References 134 Chapter 8 Oocyte Calcium Homeostasis 145Zoltan Machaty 8.1 Significance of Ca2+ 145 8.2 Signaling by Ca2+ 146 8.3 Ca2+ Signaling in Oocytes 150 8.4 Summary 159 References 159 Chapter 9 Oocyte Metabolism and Its Relationship to Developmental Competence 165Rebecca L. Krisher and Jason R. Herrick 9.1 Introduction 165 9.2 Energy Substrates, In Vivo and In Vitro 167 9.3 Limitations of Oocyte Metabolism Assessment 169 9.4 Mitochondrial Function in the Oocyte 170 9.5 Cattle Oocyte Metabolism 171 9.6 Pig Oocyte Metabolism 173 9.7 Mouse Oocyte Metabolism 173 9.8 Oocyte Metabolism in Other Species 174 9.9 Oocyte Metabolism of Fatty Acids 174 9.10 Oocyte Metabolism Controls Meiosis: A View across Species 176 9.11 Oocyte Metabolism and Redox Balance 178 9.12 The Relationship between Oocyte Metabolism and Oocyte Quality 179 9.13 Maternal Diet and Disease Can Alter Oocyte Metabolism 180 9.14 Oocytes and the Warburg Effect 181 9.15 Conclusions 181 References 182 Chapter 10 Screening for Oocyte Competence 191Marc-Andre Sirard and Mourad Assidi 10.1 Introduction 191 10.2 Concept of Oocyte Competence 191 10.3 Influence of Follicular Parameters on Oocyte Competence 194 10.4 Morphological Changes of the COC Associated with Competence 196 10.5 Biochemical Changes within the COC Associated with Competence 196 10.6 The Use of Coasting to Induce Competence in Large Mammals 197 10.7 The Use of Genomic/Gene Expression in Follicular Cells to Assess Oocyte Competence 198 10.8 The Use of Genomic/Gene Expression in Cumulus Cells to Assess Oocyte Competence 199 10.9 Signaling Pathways Involved in Competence Stimulation 201 10.10 Conclusion 201 References 202 Chapter 11 In Vitro Maturation Environment Affects Developmental Outcome 207Pat Lonergan 11.1 Introduction 207 11.2 Oocyte Maturation in Vivo 208 11.3 In Vitro Embryo Production 209 11.4 Improving Oocyte Competence before Removal from the Follicle 211 11.5 Improving Oocyte Competence after Removal from the Follicle 212 11.6 Effect of Oocyte Environment on Embryo Gene Expression 213 11.7 Use of IVM in Practice in Cattle 214 11.8 Long-Term Consequences of in Vitro Maturation 215 11.9 Concluding Comments 216 References 216 Abbreviations 219 Index 225

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Book SynopsisAdvances in Intervertebral Disc Disease in Dogs and Cats defines our present knowledge of this common clinical problem, compiling information related to the canine and feline intervertebral disc into a single resource.Trade Review“The non-scalpel addicts will be pleased to find detailed and argued non-surgical options. A useful tool for any practice.” (Vet Nurses Today, 1 October 2015) “Overall, I believe this book will be a strong addition to any veterinarian’s library, especially those with a special interest in IVDD as well as general practitioners who manage patients with IVDD. It is fairly priced and is an important reference for any clinician seeking the most reliable, up-to-date information on this condition.” (Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 15 September 2015)Table of ContentsContributors viii Foreword xiRick LeCouteur Foreword xivMark D. Markel, American College of Veterinary Surgeons Foundation Preface xv Acknowledgments xvii Section I Intervertebral Disc Structure and Function 1 1 Embryology, Innervation, Morphology, Structure, and Function of the Canine Intervertebral Disc 3John F. Innes and James Melrose 2 Biomechanics of the Intervertebral Disc and Why Do Discs Displace? 8Lucas A. Smolders and Franck Forterre 3 Comparisons between Biped (Human) and Quadruped (Canine/Feline) Intervertebral Disc Disease 14Niklas Bergknut, Franck Forterre, Jonathan M. Levine, Steven D. Lasser, and James M. Fingeroth Section II Disc Disease: Degenerative and other Pathology 23 4 Historical and Current Nomenclature Associated with Intervertebral Disc Pathology 25Jonathan M. Levine and James M. Fingeroth 5 What Do We Know about the Incidence of Disc Disease in Chondrodystrophoid Dogs? 32William B. Thomas, James M. Fingeroth, and Ragnvi Hagman 6 Feline Intervertebral Disc Disease 36Michael Farrell and Noel Fitzpatrick 7 Is “Wobbler” Disease Related to Disc Disease? 50Noel Fitzpatrick and James M. Fingeroth 8 Spondylosis Deformans 67William B. Thomas and James M. Fingeroth 9 What is Fibrocartilaginous Embolism and Is It Related to IVDD? 75Luisa De Risio Section III Clinical Features of Intervertebral Disc Disease and Important Differentials 89 10 History, Neurologic Examination, and Neuroanatomic Localization for Spinal Cord and Nerve Root Disease 91William B. Thomas and Luisa De Risio 11 Deep Pain: How Should We Test and Interpret Nociception? 107James M. Fingeroth, William B. Thomas, and Luisa De Risio 12 Ascending/Descending Myelomalacia Secondary to Intervertebral Disc Herniation 115James M. Fingeroth and Alexander de Lahunta 13 Traumatic Disc Extrusions 121Luisa De Risio, William B. Thomas, and James M. Fingeroth 14 “Discogenic” Pain (Signs Associated With Disc Degeneration But Without Herniation): Does It Occur? 127James M. Fingeroth and James Melrose 15 Compressive and Contusive Spinal Cord Injury Secondary to Intervertebral Disc Displacement: A Clinical Perspective 131James M. Fingeroth, Franck Forterre, and Jonathan M. Levine 16 Advances in Imaging for Intervertebral Disc Disease 135Patrick R. Gavin and Jonathan M. Levine 17 The Role of Nonimaging-Based Diagnostic Studies for Intervertebral Disc Herniation 147Gwendolyn J. Levine 18 Recurrent Intervertebral Disc Herniation 151Brigitte A. Brisson 19 When Should Dogs Be Referred for Imaging and Surgery? 156James M. Fingeroth and William B. Thomas 20 Discospondylitis and Related Spinal Infections in the Dog and Cat 161Sharon Kerwin 21 Neoplasias Mimicking Intervertebral Disc Herniation 168Gwendolyn J. Levine 22 Client Communications When Confronted with a Patient with Suspected Intervertebral Disc Herniation 174James M. Fingeroth and William B. Thomas Section IV Nonsurgical and Adjunctive Medical Management of IVDD 179 23 Steroid Use in Intervertebral Disc Disease 181Joseph M. Mankin and Franck Forterre 24 Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, Muscle Relaxants, Opioids, and Other Treatments for Primary and Adjunctive Medical Management of Intervertebral Disc Herniation 186James M. Fingeroth, Franck Forterre, Núria Vizcaíno Revés, and William B. Thomas 25 Neuroprotective Treatments for Acute Spinal Cord Injury Associated with Intervertebral Disc Herniation 194Jonathan M. Levine 26 The Use of Discography and Nucleolysis in Dogs 199James F. (Jeff) Biggart 27 Medical Management and Nursing Care for the Paralyzed Patient 208James M. Fingeroth and William B. Thomas Section V Surgical Management of Intervertebral Disc Herniation 215 28 What Constitutes Spinal Cord Decompression? 217James M. Fingeroth 29 General Principles of Spinal Surgery for Intervertebral Disc Herniation 221James M. Fingeroth and Brigitte A. Brisson 30 Cervical Disc Disease: Ventral Slot versus Hemilaminectomy versus Dorsal Laminectomy 226Amy E. Fauber 31 Thoracolumbar Disc Disease: Dorsal Approaches versus Lateral versus Ventral Approaches. What to Do If I’m on the Wrong Side or Site (Level)? 232Franck Forterre, Núria Vizcaíno Revés, and Luisa De Risio 32 Lumbosacral Disc Disease: Is Vertebral Stabilization Indicated? 237Michael Farrell and Noel Fitzpatrick 33 The Rationale for Durotomy in Surgical Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Disease 251Franck Forterre, Núria Vizcaíno Revés, and Natasha Olby 34 What Should Cover the Bone Defect after Laminectomy/Hemilaminectomy? 255William B. Thomas and James M. Fingeroth 35 Pros and Cons of Prophylactic Fenestration: Arguments in Favor 259Brigitte A. Brisson 36 Pros and Cons of Prophylactic Fenestration: The Potential Arguments Against 264Franck Forterre and James M. Fingeroth 37 Use of Lasers in Veterinary Surgery and Percutaneous Laser Disc Ablation 268Kenneth Bartels 38 Physical Rehabilitation for the Paralyzed Patient 279Rick Wall Section VI Future Directions 287 39 Minimally Invasive Techniques for Spinal Cord and Nerve Root Decompression 289Michael J. Higginbotham, Otto I. Lanz, and Claude Carozzo 40 Will There be a Role for Disc Prostheses in Small Animals? 294Filippo Adamo and Franck Forterre Index 310

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Book SynopsisAdvances in Small Animal Total Joint Replacement provides an up-to-date, comprehensive examination of joint replacement in veterinary surgery.Trade Review“This book should be of interest to veterinarians who perform joint replacement surgery or have a specific interest in this topic as well as practitioners who manage small animal patients with advanced joint disease.” (Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 15 June 2014) “Advances in Small Animal Total Joint Replacement is a 'must' for any veterinarian's reference library; especially those strong in veterinary surgery, and provides an up-to-date examination of joint replacement procedures.” (Bookwatch, 1 April 2013) Table of ContentsContributors ix Foreword xiMarvin L. Olmstead Foreword xiiiDavid J. DeYoung Foreword xviiMark D. Markel, Chair of the Board of Trustees ACVS Foundation Preface and Acknowledgments xix 1. The History of Joint Replacement in Veterinary Surgery 3Mariana Quina and Jeffrey N. Peck 2. Implant Materials: Structural 11Simon C. Roe 3. Implant Materials: Surface Coating 19David J. DeYoung and Denis J. Marcellin-Little 4. Weight-Bearing Surfaces 31Jeffrey N. Peck 5. Methods of Immediate Fixation 39Kei Hayashi and Kurt S. Schulz 6. Biomechanical Considerations in Total Hip Replacement 53Michael P. Kowaleski 7. Clinical Application of Total Hip Replacement 69Jeffrey N. Peck, William D. Liska, David J. DeYoung, and Denis J. Marcellin-Little 8. Revision Strategies for Total Hip Replacement 109Jeffrey N. Peck and Denis J. Marcellin-Little 9. Biomechanical Considerations in Total Knee Replacement 131Matthew Allen and Kenneth Mann 10. Clinical Application of Total Knee Replacement 151Melvyn Pond 11. Biomechanical Considerations in Total Elbow Development 163Greg Van Der Meulen 12. Clinical Application of Total Elbow Replacement in Dogs 179Loïc M. Déjardin, Reunan P. Guillou, and Michael Conzemius 13. Emerging Arthroplasties 199Jeffrey N. Peck 14. Custom Total Joint Arthroplasty 223Denis J. Marcellin-Little and Ola L.A. Harrysson Index 243

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Book SynopsisVeterinary Forensics, Second Edition is a practical reference on applying veterinary forensic findings in animal cruelty cases. Now providing a greater focus on findings in animals, the second edition offers more detailed information on crime scene investigation, forensic testing and findings, handling evidence, and testifying in court.Trade Review“Let’s hope you won’t have to use it too often but definitively a very useful tool.” (Tomorrow's vets, 1 September 2013)Table of ContentsList of Contributors xiii Foreword xv Preface xvii Acknowledgments xix 1 The Legal System: The Veterinarian’s Role and Responsibilities 1 Introduction 1 Defining Animal Cruelty 1 Governing Laws 2 How Veterinarians Become Involved 2 Search and Seizure 7 Handling the Media in Animal Cruelty Cases 7 Confidentiality 7 Filing Criminal Charges and Hearings 8 Non-Criminal Cases 10 Trial 11 Compensation for the Veterinarian 15 Conclusion 16 2 Crime Scene Investigation 17 Introduction 17 The Veterinarian’s Role and Handling of Animals at the Crime Scene 18 General Considerations for Crime Scene Processing 19 Environment: Weather Data 19 Photography and Videography 20 Evidence Recognition and Documentation 21 Evidence Collection and Packaging 23 Exclusionary Biological Testing 24 Blood Evidence 25 Burial Scenes: Grave Detection, Mapping, and Excavation 29 3 CSI: Examination of the Animal 37 General Considerations 37 Determining Non-Accidental Injury 38 Behavioral Considerations of Animals 41 Evidence Documentation, Collection, and Packaging 41 Chain of Custody 41 Photography and Videography 42 Examination and Documentation of the Live Animal 43 External Examination 43 Forensic Necropsy 47 Special Considerations 58 The Forensic Report 62 4 Special Considerations in Animal Cruelty Cases 69 Large Scale Cruelty Cases 69 Trace Evidence 77 Forensic Botany 79 DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid 81 Animal Death/Injury in Human Suspicious Death/Injury Cases 83 Other Unique Identifiers of Animals 84 Münchausen Syndrome by Proxy 84 Suffering 86 Pain 90 Suggested Reading on Pain in Animals 95 5 Blunt Force Trauma 97 Overview 97 Bruising/Contusions 98 Abrasions 101 Lacerations 103 Ligature Injuries 103 Avulsion Injuries 104 Fractures 105 Motor Vehicle Accident (MVA) Injuries 106 Fall Injuries 107 Swinging/Dragging Injuries 108 Grooming-Associated Injuries 108 Blunt Force Injuries to Specific Body Regions 109 6 Sharp Force Injuries 123 General Considerations 123 Stab Wounds 124 Incised-Stab Wounds 128 Incised Wounds 128 Chop Wounds 129 Mutilations, Predator Attacks, and Dog Attacks 130 Ritualistic Crimes 134 7 Burn-, Electrical-, and Fire-Related Injuries 139 Interpreting Burn Patterns 139 Recognition and Collection of Evidence 139 Burn Classification 140 Systemic Effects of Burns 141 General Microscopic Examination Findings in Burns 141 Thermal Burns 141 Chemical Burns 144 Electrical Burns 145 Fire-Related Injuries 146 8 Firearm Injuries 151 Introduction 151 Overview of Firearms 151 Wound Ballistics 154 Determining Entrance and Exit Wounds 155 Determining Gunshot Range 158 Examination of Gunshot Victims 165 9 Asphyxia 169 Overview of Asphyxia 169 General Findings in Asphyxia 169 Suffocation 170 Strangulation 172 Mechanical Asphyxia 178 Drowning 178 10 Poisoning 185 Overview of Intentional Poisonings 185 Evidence and History 186 Diagnostics 188 Agents Used in Animal Poisonings 190 Summary 204 11 Neglect 207 Introduction 207 Environment Examination 208 Malnutrition: Improper Feeding 209 Malnutrition: Starvation 210 Animal Hoarders and Animal Sanctuaries 219 Puppy Mills 222 Heat Stroke 223 Hypothermia 226 Embedded Collars 230 Demodicosis 230 Untreated Injuries 230 12 Sexual Abuse 233 Overview 233 Considerations for Crime Scene Investigation 234 Assessment of Videos 235 General Examination Findings 235 Examination Procedures 236 Suspicious Examination Findings 238 Zoonotic Disease 238 Evaluation and Differentiation of Human and Canine Sperm and Semen 239 13 Animal Fighting 243 Overview of Dog Fighting 243 The Fighting Dog 243 Fighting Classifications 245 The Fight and The Dog Fighting Pit 245 Training and Fighting Paraphernalia 246 Canine CODIS: Fighting Dog Combined DNA Index System 247 Examination of the Animal 247 Cockfighting 250 Other Types of Animal Fighting 252 14 Postmortem Changes and the Postmortem Interval 255 Overview 255 Examination of the Body 255 Determining the PMI: Examination of the Crime Scene 269 15 Forensic Entomology: The Use of Insects in Animal Cruelty Cases 273 Introduction 273 Principles of Medicolegal Entomology 274 Cutaneous Myiasis: The Insect Colonization of Live Animals 276 Other Uses for Insects in Animal Cruelty Investigations 278 Collection of Insect Evidence 279 Summary 284 16 Large Animal Cruelty 287 Introduction 287 Assessing Pain and Suffering 287 Investigation of Cruelty 288 Starvation 289 Body Condition Scoring 290 Evaluation of Water 291 Hoof Care 291 Dental Care 294 Shelter 296 Accidental and Non-Accidental Injuries 297 17 Avian Cruelty 299 Pet Bird Cruelty 299 Avian Abuse Defined 299 Intentional Abuse 300 Unintentional Abuse 301 Veterinary Abuse 302 Poultry Cruelty 303 General Exam Findings in Pet Bird and Poultry Cruelty 307 Appendices 311 1. Colorado Veterinary Medical Association Protocol for Mandatory Reporting of Animal Cruelty and Animal Fighting 311 2. Case Status Form 318 3. Evidence Log/Chain of Custody Form 319 4. Photo Log 321 5. Animal Cruelty Forensic Supplies 322 6. Clandestine Burial Crime Scene Checklist 324 7. Veterinarian Crime Scene Checklist 326 8. Deceased Animal Intake Questionnaire 327 9. Live Animal Intake Questionnaire 328 10. Live Exam Form 329 11. Necropsy Exam Form 330 12. Fixed Tissue List for Histopathology 333 13. Canine Body Condition Score for 1–9 and 1–5 Scales 334 14. Feline Body Condition Score for 1–9 and 1–5 Scales 335 15. Dog Diagram: Condition of Skin, Haircoat, and Nails Form 336 16. Cat Diagram: Condition of Skin, Haircoat, and Nails Form 338 17. Cat Skeleton Lesions Form 340 18. Dog Skeleton Lesions Form 341 19. Cat and Dog Skeletal Inventory Form 342 20. Live Exam Report Template 344 21. Necropsy Report Template 345 22. Forensic Medical Protocol for Large Scale Cases 348 23. Large Scale Medical Supply List 352 24. Large Scale Live Animal Exam Form 356 25. Rapid Bird Exam Form 358 26. Botany Field Report 359 27. Dog Bite Investigation Worksheet 360 28. Basic Small Pet Bird Care in Temporary Shelters 366 29. Tuft’s Animal Care and Condition Scale for Dogs 368 30. Tufts Animal Care and Condition Scale for the Environment 370 31. Dogfighting Terminology 372 32. Cajun Rules for Dogfighting 374 33. Dogfighting Scar and Injury Chart 376 34. Cockfighting Scar and Injury Chart 377 35. Examples of Vitamins, Drugs, and Medical Supplies Used in Dogfighting 378 36. Entomology Form for Animal Cases 380 37. Webliography 383 Index 387

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsFish, Animals, and Man. The Major Groups of Fishes. Basic Fish Anatomy. Skin. Foods, Digestion, Nutrition, and Growth. Skeleton, Build, and Movement. Blood and Circulation. Respiration. Excretion and Osmotic Regulation. Reproduction. Integration. Genetics and Evolution. Systematics and Nomenclature. Ecology and Zoogeography.

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Book SynopsisThe science and common sense behind creating an inexpensive,flourishing marine aquarium Marine Aquarium Keeping is the firstcomplete, step-by-step handbook to bring scientific perspective andinsight to the practical basics of assembling and successfullymaintaining a conventional marine aquarium. While minimizinggadgetry and underscoring a simple, commonsense regimen of looking,seeing, and understanding, author and marine biologist StephenSpotte offers logical, chapter-by-chapter guidance to every facetof the hobby--from choosing equipment and setting up an aquarium,to selecting healthy animals and maintaining a flourishingunderwater environment. Inside, readers will discover: * How to make a new aquarium suitable for sustaining life * How to select healthy animals from species demonstrating goodcaptive survival * The step-by-step basics of routine maintenance * How to easily meet the nutritional requirements of marineanimals * The key to disease prevention * TheTable of ContentsThe Aquariums. The Air. The Water. The Subgravel Filter. The Gravel. The New Environment. The Quarantine Period. Animal Selection. Decorating. Maintenance. Foods and Feeding. Health and Disease. Communal Living. Supplemental Light. Aquarium Mythology. Additional Reading. Index.

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Book SynopsisContains four books: Novel Aspects of Insect - Plant Interactions, Arthropod Biological Control Agents and Pesticides, Lepidopteran Anatomy, and Integrated Pest Management Systems and Cotton Production.Table of ContentsThe Chemoreceptors (W. Blaney & M. Simmonds). Food Selection (R. Chapman). The Pattern of Feeding (S. Simpson). Nutrition (E. Bernays & S. Simpson). Water Regulation (E. Bernays). Grasshopper Thermoregulation (M. Chappell & D. Whitman). Jumping in Orthoptera (H. Bennet-Clark). Hormonal Control of Flight Metabolism in Locusts (G.Goldsworthy). Flight and Migration in Acridoids (R. Farrow). Territory-Based Mating Systems in Desert Grasshoppers: Effects ofHost Plant Distribution and Variation (M. Greenfield & T.Shelly). Pheromones and Phase Transformation in Locusts (W. Loher). Grasshopper Chemical Communication (D. Whitman). The Endocrine Basis of Locust Phase Polymorphism (J. Dale & S.Tobe). Population Dynamics and Regulation in Grasshoppers (A. Joern &S. Gaines). Pathogenic Diseases of Grasshoppers (D. Streett & M.McGuire). Color Pattern Polymorphism (J. Dearn). Subject Index. Species Index.

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Book SynopsisThis is an essential guidebook, providing a comprehensive overview of insect viruses and pest management. Part One of this volume explores the rationale behind the employment of insect pathogenic viruses in pest control and documents the assessment of biological activity, the ecology of baculoviruses, control strategies, virus production and formulation, and the conduct and recording of field control trials. Part Two comprises an authoritative global survey of current practice, R&D, and up-to-date technical studies of insect viruses and their application in pest management. This survey was compiled with the assistance of a panel of world-wide experts and will prove an invaluable and unique data source. Building on the key topics discussed in Part One, easy-to-follow, practical protocols are presented in Part Three, including detailed accounts of standard operating procedures for working with insects, isolation, propagation (in vivo and in vitro), purification, characterization and enumTable of ContentsBASIC PRINCIPLES. Rationale for the Use of Microbial Pesticides. Characteristics of Insect Pathogenic Viruses. Assessment of Biological Activity. The Ecology of Baculoviruses in Insect Hosts. Control Strategies. Virus Production. Formulation. Spray Application of Baculoviruses. Conduct and Recording of Field Control Trials. Future Developments. WORLD SURVEY. A World Survey of Virus Control of Insect Pests. Western Europe. Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union. Indian Subcontinent. South-east Asia and the Western Pacific. People's Republic of China. Japan. Africa, the Near and Middle East. Australasia. North America. Central America and the Caribbean. South America. PRACTICAL TECHNIQUES. General Laboratory Practice. Working with the Host. Working with the Virus. Enumeration of Virus. Cell Culture. Mass Production, Product Formulation and Quality Control. Spray Application. Registration Requirements. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS INFLUENCING VIRAL SURVIVAL. Solar Radiation, with Emphasis on the Ultraviolet. Plant Surfaces. Glossary. Further Reading. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis is the first of three volumes which record progress in knowledge of the ultrastructure and phylogeny of spermatozoa of the invertibrates since pubication since of a previous volumes in this series on spermiogenesis and sperm function (1983).Table of ContentsPorifera (N. Boury-Esnault & B. Jamieson). Cnidaria and Ctenophora (P. Harrison & B. Jamieson). Platyhelminthes (N. Watson). Nemertea (?. Franzen & B. Afzelius). Rotifera (G. Melone & M. Ferraguti). Gastrotricha (M. Balsamo, et al.). Kinorhyncha (A. Adrianov & V. Malakhov). Nematomorpha (R. Valvassori, et al.). Acanthocephala M. Carcupino & B. Dezfuli). Indexes.

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Book SynopsisInsect-Plant Interactions and Induced Plant DefenceChair: John A. Pickett, 1999 This book examines the sophisticated mechanisms that plants use to defend themselves against attack by insects and pathogens, focusing on the networks of plant signalling pathways that underlie these defences. In response to herbivory, plants release a complex blend of as many as 100 volatile chemicals, known as semiochemicals (''sign chemicals''). These act as an airborne SOS signal, revealing the presence of the herbivore to the predators and parasitoids that are its natural enemies. Plants also have endogenous defence mechanisms that can be induced in response to pathogens, and separate chapters deal with systemic acquired resistance, phytoalexins, and the interacting pathways in pathogen and pest resistance. The book discusses underlying biochemical mechanisms by which plant stress leads to the biosynthesis of chemical signals from pools of secondary metabolite precursors, or even from tTrade Review"...will be of immense value to researchers in the field." --Biologist, November 2000 "...an extremely stimulating book..." --Entomologica Fennica, 13th November 2000Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Evolutionary Aspects of Plant-Carnivore Interactions (L. Vet). Attraction of Parasitic Wasps by Caterpillar-Damaged Plants (T. Turlings & M. Fritzsche). Specificity of Herbivore-Induced Plant Defences (M. Dicke). Aphids, Predators and Parasitoids (L. Wadhams, et al.). Functional Interactions in the Use of Direct and Indirect Defences in Native Nicotiana Plants (I. Baldwin). Plant Production of Volatile Semiochemicals in Response to Insect-Derived Elicitors (J. Tumlinson, et al.). The Hydroxamic Acid Pathway (A. Gierl & M. Frey). Cross-Talk Between the Signal Pathways for Pathogen-Induced Systemic Acquired Resistance and Grazing-Induced Insect Resistance (G. Felton, et al.). Genetics and Evolution of Insect Resistance in Arabidopsis (T. Mitchell-Olds). Exploiting Insect Responses in Identifying Plant Signals (J. Pickett, et al.). Final Discussion. Indexes.

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Book SynopsisNow that more than half of the world's population lives in cities, the study of birds in urban ecosystems has emerged at the forefront of ornithological research. An international team of leading researchers in urban bird ecology and conservation from across Europe and North America presents the state of this diverse field, addressing classic questions while proposing new directions for further study. Areas of particular focus include the processes underlying patterns of species shifts along urban-rural gradients, the demography of urban birds and the role of citizen science, and human-avian interaction in urban areas. This important reference fills a crucial need for scientists, planners, and managers of urban spaces and all those interested in the study and conservation of birds in the world's expanding metropolises.Trade Review"Both professional exologists and casual birders will find enriching insights in this well-written book." -- D. Flaspohler Choice "Overall, the study of urban bird ecology and conservation is a dynamic one, and this text includes pertinent research papers and thoughtful discussion on some important topics within the field." The Journal of Wildlife Management

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Book SynopsisEssentially a practical manual with up-to-date contributions and key references by experts to the diagnostic characteristics of the bacteria likely to be encountered in public health and hospital microbiology laboratories as well as in medical and veterinary practice.Trade Review'In conclusion this excellent book has retained the best of the old and combined it with the new. It is a must for every clinical laboratory and at only £40, represents excellent value for money.' Tim Wyatt, Association of Clinical Microbiologists News'… this practical manual, which has been the standard diagnostic text since the mid-1960s, continues to be the standard reference text for bacteriology.' The Bulletin of The Royal College of PathologistsTable of ContentsForeword; Introduction; 1. Classification and nomenclature; 2. Culture media: constituents and sterilization; 3. Principles of isolation; 4. Bacterial characters and characterization; 5. Theory and practice of bacterial identification; 6. Characters of Gram-positive bacteria; 7. Characters of Gram-negative bacteria; 8. Taxonomy in theory and practice; 9. Bacterial identification by cards; 10. Bacterial identification by computer; 11. Quality control in microbiology; 12. Reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematics; Glossary; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe Health of Poultry, by Mark Pattison, is a unique book describing the overall concepts of poultry health with the emphasis on creating the right conditions and environment to minimise the occurrence of disease.Table of ContentsList of Contributors. List of Colour Plates. Foreword. Preface and Acknowledgements. Chapter 1. Genetics and Breeding as they Affect Flock Health. Chapter 2. Poultry Environment, Housing and Hygiene. Chapter 3. The Hatchery and Hatching Egg. Chapter 4. Influence of Nutrition on Health Control. Chapter 5. Disease Prevention and Control in Broilers. Chapter 6. Disease Prevention and Control in Broiler Breeders and Layers. Chapter 7. Disease Prevention and Control in Turkeys. Chapter 8. Disease Prevention and Control in Ducks. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisPresents a collection of classic texts combined with a number of contemporary syntheses on the topic of behavioral development in animals. This reader is suitable for students and scholars who wish to engage with the study of animal behavioral development.Table of ContentsForeword by Patrick Bateson. Preface. Part I: General Principles of Development. Introduction. 1. Principles of Development and Differentiation (excerpt). C. H. Waddington. 2. Ontogenetic Adaptations and Retrogressive Processes in the Development of the Nervous System and Behaviour: A Neuroembryological Perspective. R. W. Oppenheim. 3. From Watsonian Behaviourism to Behaviour Epigenetics: Zin-Yang Kuo. 4. Developmental Changes in Sensitivity to Experience. Patrick Bateson and Robert A. Hinde. 5. Behavioural Development: Towards Understanding Processes. C. ten Cate. Part II: Theoretical Debates - Nature/Nurture and Beyond. Introduction. 6. A Critique of Konrad Lorenz's Theory of Instinctive Behaviour (excerpt). Daniel S. Lehrman. 7. Heredity and Environment in Mammalian Behaviour. Donald O. Hebb. 8. Evolution and Modification of Behaviour (excerpt). Konrad Lorenz. 9. Semantic and Conceptual Issues in the Nature-Nurture Problem. Daniel S. Lehrman. Part III: Empirical Paradigms: Development of Perceptual and Motor Mechanisms. Introduction. Development of Perceptual and Motor Mechanisms. 10. The Developing Brain. Carla J. Shatz. 11. Development of Species Identification in Ducklings: VI Specific Embryonic Experience Required to Maintain Species-Typical Perception in Peking Ducklings. Gilbert Gottlieb. 12. The Companion to the Bird's World (excerpt). Konrad Lorenz. 13. Development of Perceptual Mechanisms in Birds: Predispositions and Imprinting. Johan J. Bolhuis. 14. Sensory Templates in Species Specific Behaviour. Peter Marler. 15. Aspects of Learning in the Ontogeny of Bird Song: Where, From Whom, When, How Many, Which and How Accurately. Donald E. Kroodsma. 16. Motor Patterns in Development (excerpt). John C. Fentress and Peter J. McLeod. Part IV Empirical Paradigms: Development of Behavior Systems. 17. Suckling isn't feeding, or is it? William G. Hall and Christina L. Williams. 18. Ontogeny of Social Behaviour in Burmese Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus spadiceus) (excerpt). Jaap P. Kruijit. 19. Social Deprivation in Monkeys. Harry F. Harlow and Margaret K. Harlow. 20. Mother-Infant Separation and the Nature of Inter-Individual Relationships: Experiments with Rhesus Monkeys. Robert A. Hinde. 21. Structure and Development of Behaviour Systems. Jerry A. Hogan. Author Index. Subject Index.

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Book SynopsisThe accurate diagnosis and effective long term therapy or control of alimentary disease in the dog and cat are difficult goals to achieve. The book presents, in a practical way, the information which clinicians, faced with the daily business of investigating such problems, may need.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Diseases of the Oral Cavity and Pharynx. Conditions of the Oesophagus. Conditions of the Stomach. Ivestigation of Vomiting. Diseases of the Large Intestine. Investigation of Chronic Enteritis. Diseases of the Exocrine Pancreas. Diseases of the Liver. Laboratory Methods and Biopsy Collection. Index.

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Book SynopsisAiming to help small animal clinicians interpreting laboratory results, this work covers such topics as red and white blood cells, thrombocytes, plasma biochemistry, enzymes, electrolytes and metals, hormones and urinalysis.Table of ContentsAspects of interpretation; Part 1 Haematology:; Red blood cells (RBCs); White blood cells (WBCs); Platelets (thrombocytes); Part 2 Plasma biochemistry:; Nutrients and metabolites; Enzymes; Electrolytes and metals; Hormones; Part 3 Urinalysis:; Physical examination of urine; Chemical examination of urine; Urinary sediment; Urine culture and bacteriological screening methods

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Book SynopsisAs many more pets survive into old age, veterinary practitioners are finding that an increasing proportion of their work involves the treatment of ageing animals. This title covers the treatment of the geriatric cat and dog. It discusses the topics and problems specifically related to the elderly animal.Trade Review"This book provides the reader with concise information that generally can only be obtained from several different sources." (Susan L. Pendland, MS, PharmD @Doody's Review Service) Table of ContentsPreface. Chapter 1. An Introduction to Geriatric Veterinary Medicine. Chapter 2. The Cardiovascular System. Chapter 3. The Nervous System. Chapter 4. The Special Senses. Chapter 5. Urinary Tract. Chapter 6. Neoplasia in Old Age. Chapter 7. Nutrition in Older Animals. Chapter 8. Anaesthesia and Surgery in Geriatric Patients. Chapter 9. Radiology in Geriatric Patients. Chapter 10. Geriatric Screening Programmes. Index.

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Book SynopsisWritten specifically to be of practical help to vets in general practice and also to students. Covering the whole field of equine disease, diagnosis and management in a practical semi-note form, the book gives the basic information that a busy practitioner actually needs, allowing rapid reference and easy understanding, taking the reader concisely through the diagnostic process up to treatment and prognosis. There are chapters on each major system, each starting with a general view of history taking, clinical examination, diagnosis and aetiology of problems of that organ system. Specific diseases are then discussed; most following a standard pattern of clinical signs, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and preventionTable of ContentsPreface to the second edition; Preface to the first edition; Respiratory disease; Diseases of the alimentary tract; Liver disease; Urinary tract disease; Foal diseases; Internal parasites; Skin diseases; Diseases of the musculoskeletal system; Cardiovascular system; Neurological disease; Notifiable diseases; Poisonings; Miscellaneous diseases; Therapy; Procedure which may aid diagnosis; Laboratory service; Orphan foal rearing; Appendix; Further reading; Index

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Book SynopsisMan controls and dominates the habitat of most animals, both domestic and wild and there is a need for a pragmatic, workable approach to the problem of reconciling animal welfare with economic forces and the needs of man. It is the author''s contention that much of the current philosophical discussion of animal welfare is misdirected now that it is possible to measure to some extent what animals think and feel and how much they can appreciate their quality of life. The book deals with farm animals, pets, wild animals and laboratory animals and dicusses their environmental requirements, fear and stress, their response to pain, injury, disease and death, behaviour and aggression, and the implications of biotechnology and genetic engineering. Finally, the book tries to reconcile reverence for life with the inescapability of killing and reviews the prospects of preserving and enhancing quality of life for animals through legislations, education, economic and moral incentives.Trade Review“John Webster has written an even-handed but hard-hitting critique of modern livestock farming” 1995 New Scientist “This is a thought provoking and sensible book which can be highly recommended to all those interested in animal welfare” PH Holmes, Jan 1996 Veterinary Record. “I expect to be reading this book many times over the next 20 years. It will, in my opinion, become a central guidepost in the emerging discipline of animal welfare. John Webster’s contribution is formidable and he unquestionably achieves his stated goal.” Ken Johnson, Dec 1995 ANZCCART News (Australian laboratory animal society newsletter)Table of ContentsPreface; Part I: Introduction - Man's Dominion Over the Animals; Introduction; Man's Dominion; Part II: Analysis - How Is It For Them?; Animal Mind and Aminal Suffering; Hunger and Thirst; Housing and Habitat; Pain, Sickness and Death; Friends, Foes; Fears and Stress; Part III: Advocacy - What We Can Do For Them; Farm Animals; Pigs and Poultry; Cattle and Other Ruminants; Horses and Pets; Wild Animals; Animals and Science; Right Thought and Right Action; Further Reading; Index

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Book SynopsisVeterinary Laboratory Medicine covers all aspects of basic clinical biochemistry and haematology, and includes test-by-test interpretation of laboratory results. Information is provided on sampling techniques, the selection and use of an external laboratory, as well as near-patient testing and the practice laboratory. Also included are step-by-step instructions for most commonly used point-of-care tests, a guide to the evaluation of instruments for in-practice use, and a detailed explanation of the principles of impedance counting and photometric analysis. The book will be ideal for practitioners who require a guide to laboratory work, and for veterinary students studying laboratory medicine and clinical pathology. The second edition has been fully updated to reflect advances in diagnostic techniques, and includes new chapters on diagnostic endocrinology and feline virus testing as well as a much expanded chapter on diagnostic profiling and pattern recognition.Trade ReviewFrom reviews of the first edition: 'The publication is extremely timely and the title is perceptive because throughout the book the laboratory is presented as one of the inputs of diagnosis and prognosis, part of the range of information to be assimilated in clinical judgement and decision making. This is a clinician's book written by a first rate clinical pathologist.' - Journal of Small Animal Practice 'Veterinary surgeons who require a handy guide to laboratory work and students studying laboratory medicine and clinical pathology should find this book invaluable.' - Veterinary Practice ManagementTable of ContentsIntroduction vii Part I: Haematology 1 The Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) 3 2 The Platelets (Thrombocytes) and the Coagulation Factors 35 3 The White Blood Cells (Leucoytes) 49 Part II: Clinical Biochemistry Introduction to Clinical Biochemistry 69 4 The Plasma Proteins 73 5 The Electrolytes 81 6 The Minerals 91 7 The Nitrogenous Substances 101 8 Carbohydrate Metabolism 111 9 Bilirubin and Fat Metabolism 127 10 Clinical Enzymology – Plasma Enzymes in Diagnosis 135 11 Diagnosis Endocrinology 149 12 Non-Blood Body Fluids 169 13 Feline Virus Testing 181 Part III: Systematic Invesigation 14 Investigation on an Individual Organ Basis 199 15 Diagnosis Profiling and Pattern Recognition 209 Part IV: Practical Laboratory Medicine 16 Sample collection and Use of External Laboratories 243 17 Side-Room Testing in the Veterinary Practice 275 18 The ‘Practice Laboratory’ 307 Suggested Further Reading 355 Index 357

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Book SynopsisEnables students, trainers, riders and horse owners to understand the fundamental principles behind the behavior of horses and how to apply them in different situations in practice. This book looks at the constraints which apply to the modern horse because of its evolutionary history and the nature of the evolutionary process itself.Table of ContentsPreface vii Acknowledgements viii Part One: Understanding Behaviour Concepts 1 1 Approaches to the Study of Behaviour 3 What is behavior 3 Ethology versus psychology 6 A brief guide to conducting a behaviour study 9 Conclusion 15 Topics for discussion 16 References and further reading 16 2 Origins of Behaviour 18 An evolutionary approach to understanding behavior 18 Lamarck versus Darwin 19 Genes not individuals 22 Evolutionary throwbacks and genetic jumps 26 Adaptation and apparent stupidity in domestic horses 27 Evolution and the variety of behavior 29 Conclusion 31 Topics for discussion 31 References and further reading 32 3 The Evolutionary History of the Horse 33 Introduction 33 Early evolution of the horse 38 The arrival of Equus 43 The origins of the modern breeds 45 Domestication and its consequences 47 Topics for discussion 52 References and further reading 52 4 The Lifetime Development of Behaviour 53 Instinctive and learned behaviour, what is the difference? 53 Sensitive phases for specia1 times specific associations 56 Using play for better management 58 Using natural biases in development to improve management 60 Conclusion 65 Topics for discussion 65 References and further reading 66 Part Two: Mechanisms of Behaviour 67 5 The Processing, of Information 69 Introduction 69 The nervous system 69 Neural transmission 72 Central processing 80 Behavioural motivation 84 Autonomic and somatic nervous system 88 Topics·for discussion 89 References and further reading 90 6 The Special Senses 91 Sight 91 Hearing 99 Chemoreception 102 Cutaneous sensation 107 Topics for discussion 108 References and further reading 108 7 Communication and Social Organisation 110 Communication 110 Social organisation 125 The composition of the group 129 The social structure of the group 129 The dynamics of the group 133 How horses defend their resources 134 Conclusion 136 Topics for discussion 137 References and further reading 137 8 Sexual and Reproductive Behaviour of Horses 139 Basic genetic foundation of the individual’s sexuality 139 Normal mare specific behavior 140 Normal sexual specific behaviour l49 Modifiers of the genetic blueprint 153 Conclusion 160 Topics for discussion 160 References and further reading l60 Part Three: The flexibility of Behaviour and its Management 163 9 Learning and Training 165 Psychological processes 165 A few basic procedures 167 App1ying reinforcement to train new behaviours 176 Punishment and its problems 180 General guidelines to training new behaviours 182 Learning beyond a change in behaviour 183 Training techniques for problem behaviours 186 Conclusion 193 Topics for discussion 164 References and further reading 194 10 Welfare 196 Understanding welfare 196 What is right is not always the same as what is good 196 Measuring welfare 197 ls the domestic horse a fish out of water? 205 Stereotypies 210 Principles of treatment for stereotypies and other behaviour problems 220 Conclusion 224 Topics for discussion 224 References and further reading 225 Appendix 226 Index 227

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Book SynopsisHorses have been taken from their natural environment and enclosed in paddocks and stables, dramatically changing both life-style and feeding habits. Feeding time has been greatly reduced and cereal and protein concentrates introduced into the diet. As a result, horses are prone to many problems associated with feeding. This book clearly explains the science of nutrition and combines this with the art of feeding to encourage an understanding of how to feed horses to keep them healthy, and allow them to reach their full performance potential. This new edition - the first since 1992 - has been fully updated and extended to include new feeds and feeding practices and explains new advances in scientific knowledge. It provides clear guidelines for feeding competition horses, older horses and problem animals, and explains the role of feeds and feeding in maintaining the immune system and soundness. Horse Nutrition and Feeding is the recognised text for students studying horTable of ContentsIntroduction. 1. The Digestive System. 2. The Necessary Nutrients. 3. Feeds and Feed Values. 4. Nutrient Requirements. 5. Ration Formulation. 6. Grassland Management. 7. Diet-related Disorders. 8. Practical Feeding. 9. The Added Extras. Appendix 1. Units and Formulations. Appendix 2. Feed Preparation. Index.

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