Testing of materials Books
Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. KG Modelling Hot Deformation of Steels: An Approach to Understanding and Behaviour
Book SynopsisComputer Aided Engineering may be defined as an approach to solving tech nological problems in which most or all of the steps involved are automated through the use of computers, data bases and mathematical models. The success of this ap proach, considering hot forming, is tied very directly to an understanding of material behaviour when subjected to deformation at high temperatures. There is general agreement among engineers that not enough is known about that topic -and this gave the initial impetus for the project described in the present study. The authors secured a research grant from NATO (Special Research Grant #390/83) with a mandate to study the "State-of-the-Art of Controlled Rolling". What follows is the result of that study. There are five chapters in this Monograph. The first one, entitled "State-of-the Art of Controlled Rolling" discusses industrial and laboratory practices and research designed to aid in the development of microalloyed steels of superior quality. Follow ing this is the chapter "Methods of Determining Stress-Strain Curves at Elevated Temperatures". The central concern here is the material's resistance to deformation or in other words, its flow strength, the knowledge of which is absolutely essential for the efficient and economical utilization of the computers controlling the rolling process.Table of Contents1 State-of-the-Art of Controlled Rolling.- 2 Methods of Determining Stress-Strain Curves at Elevated Temperatures.- 3 Metallurgical Study of the Hot Upsetting of 1035 Steel.- 4 Computer-Aided Analysis and Modelling of Plastic Behaviour of Steels at Elevated Temperatures.- 5 Mapping Dynamic Material Behaviour.- Appendix Flow Curves of Microalloyed Steels.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Flow Curves of Steel #1.- 3. Flow Curves of Steel #2.- 4. References.- Author Index.
£42.74
Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. KG Laser Spectroscopy 1: Basic Principles
Book SynopsisKeeping abreast of the latest techniques and applications, this new edition of the standard reference and graduate text on laser spectroscopy has been completely revised and expanded. While the general concept is unchanged, the new edition features a broad array of new material, e.g., ultrafast lasers (atto- and femtosecond lasers) and parametric oscillators, coherent matter waves, Doppler-free Fourier spectroscopy with optical frequency combs, interference spectroscopy, quantum optics, the interferometric detection of gravitational waves and still more applications in chemical analysis, medical diagnostics, and engineering.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Absorption and Emission of Light.- Widths and Profiles of Spectral Lines.- Spectroscopic Instrumentation.- Lasers as Spectroscopic Sources.- Solutions.
£75.99
Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. KG Wörterbuch Maschinenbau und Tribologie /
Book SynopsisDieses Wörterbuch für den Praktiker umfaßt rund 75.000 englische und amerikanische Begriffe mit den zugehörigen deutschen Bedeutungen. Praktische Probleme der Tribologie können nicht ohne Fachwissen aus den Bereichen des Maschinenbaus, der Schmierung und Schmierstoffkunde, der Werkstoffkunde oder Metallurgie diskutiert werden, es bedarf häufig auch der Terminologie wichtiger anderer Industriezweige, in denen die Technologie zum Einsatz kommt. Die Lebensmittelindustrie oder holzverarbeitende Industrie sind neben dem Maschinenbau beispielhafte Einsatzfelder, aus denen deshalb ausgewählte Fachbegriffe in das Wörterbuch aufgenommen wurden. Für Ingenieure, Chemiker, für den Manager im Kontakt mit internationalen Partnern, beinhaltet das Buch einen weit gefaßten Wortschatz, dessen Auswahl der praktischen Erfahrung des Autors folgt. Produzenten, Händler und Firmenvertreter, die sich mit tribologischer Fachliteratur, Normen, Montageanleitungen und Gebrauchtsanweisungen in englischer Sprache befassen, finden nicht nur Fachtermini, sondern auch andere häufig benötigte Worte, zur Lösung der alltäglichen Aufgaben in der Kommunikation mit internationalen Partnern. Die beiliegende CD-ROM beinhaltet die Inhalte als Textversion; das dafür notwendige Programm Acrobat Reader 5.0 wird mitgeliefert.Table of ContentsA.- B.- C.- D.- E.- F.- G.- H.- I.- J.- K.- L.- M.- N.- O.- P.- Q.- R.- S.- T.- U.- V.- W.- X.- Y.- Z.- A.- B.- C.- D.- E.- F.- G.- H.- I.- J.- K.- L.- M.- N.- O.- P.- Q.- R.- S.- T.- U.- V.- W.- X.- Y.- Z.
£52.24
Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. KG Methanol — Chemie- und Eneigierohstoff: Die
Book SynopsisTable of Contents1 Methanol - Chemie- und Energierohstoff.- 2 Herstellung von Synthesegas.- 2.1 Rohstoffe für Synthesegas.- 2.1.1 Kohle: Weltförderung, Handel und Veredelung.- 2.1.2 Erdgas als Rohstoff zur Synthesegasherstellung.- 2.1.3 Torf als Rohmaterial für die Methanolsynthese.- 2.1.4 Schweröle und Ölrückstände als Rohmaterialien für die Methanolsynthese.- 2.1.5 Holz als Rohstoff für die Methanolsynthese.- 2.1.6 Verwendung von Müll und Klärschlamm zur Methanolherstellung.- 2.1.7 Kohlensäure als Methanolrohstoff.- 2.2 Prozesse zur Synthesegasherstellung (CO+2H2) auf Kohle-Basis.- 2.2.1 Das Lurgi-Druckgas-Verfahren.- 2.2.2 Das HTW-Verfahren (Hochtemperatur-Winkler-Verfahren).- 2.2.3 Das Koppers-Totzek-Flugstaub-Verfahren.- 2.2.4 Die Kohlevergasung im Eisenbad (Molten-Iron-Prozeß).- 2.2.5 Das Texaco-Vergasungsverfahren unter Druck in der Ruhrchemie/Ruhrkohle-Variante.- 3 Die Methanolsynthese.- 3.1 Die Lurgi-Methanolsynthese.- 3.2 Methanolsyntheseanlagen, Größe, Kosten, Methanolbedarf und Verbrauch.- 3.3 Die Wärmeabführung bei der Methanolsynthese.- 3.4 Die Katalysatoren der Methanolsynthese.- 3.5 Zum Reaktionsmechanismus der Methanolsynthese.- 3.6 Der Transport von Methanol.- 3.7 Zur Giftigkeit von Methanol.- 4 Methanol als alternativer Kraftstoff.- 4.1 Methanol in Benzin.- 4.1.1 Sicherheitsvorkehrungen beim Einsatz von M15 und M100.- 4.1.2 Das Formaldehyd-Problem.- 4.2 Das Fuel-Methanol.- 4.2.1 Sauerstoffhaltige Verbindungen als hochoktanige Komponenten zur Erhaltung der Oktanzahl von Benzinen.- 4.2.2 Die Wassertoleranz von Alkohol-Benzin-Mischungen.- 4.2.3 Charakteristik der als Benzin-Mischkomponenten möglichen Alkohole und Ether.- 4.2.4 Der Heizwert der Alkohole.- 4.2.5 Die Verdampfungswärme der Alkohole.- 4.2.6 Der Dampfdruck von Alkoholen und von Alkohol-Benzingemischen ..- 4.3 Die Herstellung des Fuel-Methanol.- 4.3.1 Die Isobutylölsynthese.- 4.3.2 Der Prozeß des IFP zur gemeinsamen Herstellung von Methanol und Alkoholen C2—C6.- 4.3.3 Der „MAS“-Prozeß von Snamprogetti-Topsøe-Anic (Mixed Alkohol Solvents).- 4.3.4 Die Synthese von Fuel-Methanol ohne Wasserbildung, Verfahren der Lurgi-Kohle- und Mineralöltechnik GmbH.- 4.3.5 Die gemeinsame Herstellung von Methanol und höheren Alkoholen nach dem Verfahren der Chem Systems.- 4.3.6 Das französische Carburol-Programm.- 4.3.7 Das Texaco-Verfahren zur Herstellung von Alkohol-Ester-Gemischen aus Synthesegas als Mischkomponenten für Benzin.- 4.4 Die Überführung von Methanol in den Methyl-tert.-Butylether (MTBE).- 4.5 Der Ersatz von Dieselöl durch Methanol.- 5 Das Energiemethanol.- 5.1 Energiemethanol nach dem Verfahren der Wentworth-Brothers Inc.- 5.1.1 Die Katalysatoren beim Verfahren der Wentworth-Brothers Inc.- 5.2 Methanol als Brennstoff für Gasturbinen.- 5.3 Methanol als Brennstoff zur Wärmeerzeugung (Overfiring-Concept).- 6 Die Überführung von Methanol in Gemische von Paraffinkohlenwasserstoffen, Olefinen und von Aromaten.- 6.1 Die Überführung von Methanol bzw. Dimethylether in Benzin durch den MTG-Prozeß der Mobil Oil Corp.- 6.1.1 Der MTG-Prozeß als Festbett-Verfahren.- 6.1.2 Der MTG-Prozeß als Wirbelschichtverfahren.- 6.1.3 Der MTG-Prozeß als Fließbettverfahren im Pilot-Maßstab.- 6.2 Die Überführung von Methanol bzw. Dimethylether in Olefine mit dem MTO-Verfahren der Mobil Oil Corp.- 6.2.1 Der Einfluß von Wasser auf die Olefinbildung beim MTO-Verfahren.- 6.2.2 Der Einsatz von dotierten ZSM-5-Katalysatoren für die Olefmherstellung mit dem MTO-Verfahren.- 6.3 Die Überführung von Methanol bzw. Dimethylether in aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe mit dem MTA-Verfahren.- 6.4 Die Herstellung von Dieselöl über Olefine auf Basis von Methanol (Verfahrensweg der Lurgi GmbH).- 6.5 Die ZSM-5-Katalysatorenfamilie.- 6.6 Zum Reaktionsmechanismus der Umwandlung von Methanol in Benzin, Olefine und Aromaten.- 7 Die Überführung von Methanol in technische Gase.- 7.1 Herstellung von reinem Wasserstoff aus Methanol.- 7.2 Methanol zur Gaserzeugung in Stadtgasanlagen.- 7.3 Die Herstellung von Synthesegas (CO+2H2) aus Methanol.- 7.4 Die Herstellung von Oxosynthesegas aus Methanol.- 7.5 Die Herstellung von CO aus Methanol.- 7.6 Erzeugung gasförmiger Spaltprodukte aus Methanol zum Einsatz als Motorkraftstoffe.- 7.7 Der Betrieb von Verbrennungsturbinen mit Methanolspaltgasen.- 7.8 Die Erzreduktion mit Reforminggas aus Methanol.- 7.9 Die Herstellung von synthetischem Erdgas (SNG) aus Methanol.- 8 Andere Verfahren der Kohleveredlung als Alternativen zum Methanol.- 8.1 Die direkte Hydrierung der Kohle.- 8.1.1 Die Sumpfphase-Hydrierung.- 8.1.2 Der Gasphaseprozeß.- 8.1.3 Synthetisches Erdgas durch direkte Hydrierung von Kohle (SNG).- 8.2 Die Fischer-Tropsch-Synthese - indirekte Hydrierung der Kohle.- 8.3 Herstellung maximaler Mengen von Dieselkraftstoffen aus den Produkten der Arge-Synthese.- 8.4 Der G-B-Prozeß von Gulf-Badger.- 8.5 Die direkte und indirekte Kohlehydrierung als Grundlage für die Erzeugung von Grundchemikalien für die chemische Industrie.- 8.5.1 Die konkurrierende Herstellung von Aromaten (BTX) und niedermolekularen Oleflnen aus Kohle und Mineralöl.- 8.5.2 Olefine aus der indirekten Hydrierung der Kohle (FT-Synthese).- 8.5.3 Arbeiten zur gezielten, direkten Herstellung niedermolekularer Olefine durch die Fischer-Tropsch-Synthese.- 8.6 Arbeiten zur direkten Umsetzung von Synthesegas in Essigsäure.- 9 Die industrielle Herstellung von organischen Chemikalien aus Methanol.- 9.1 Essigsäureanhydrid durch Carbonylierung von Methylacetat.- 9.2 Herstellung des Vinylacetat-Monomer (VAM) auf Basis von Synthesegas über Methylacetat durch katalytische Hydrocarbonylierung.- 9.3 Ethylenglykol auf Basis von Syngas.- 9.3.1 Die direkte Glykol-Synthese 2CO + 3H2?HO—CH2—CH2—OH.- 9.3.2 Die indirekte Überführung von Synthesegas in Glykol über Formaldehyd durch Hydrocarbonylierung zu Glykolaldehyd und dessen Hydrierung.- 9.3.3 Die indirekte Überführung von Synthesegas in Glykol über Formaldehyd durch Carbonylierung zu Glykolsäure und deren anschließende Hydrierung.- 9.4 Die Herstellung von Methylformiat und seine technisch interessanten Reaktionen.- 9.4.1 Methylformiat durch Carbonylierung von Methanol.- 9.4.2 Methylformiat durch Dehydrierung von Methanol.- 9.4.3 Methylformiat als Zwischenstufe bei der getrennten Erzeugung von CO und H2 aus Methanol.- 9.4.4 Die Umsetzung des Methylformiats mit Paraformaldehyd oder Trioxan zu Glykolsäuremethylester.- 9.4.5 Isomerisierung von Methylformiat zu Essigsäure.- 9.5 Ameisensäure.- 9.6 Kohlenoxid für organische Synthesen..- 9.7 Die Homologisierung von Methanol zu Ethylalkohol.- 9.7.1 Der Reaktionsmechanismus der Homologisierung.- 9.8 Die Homologisierung von Methanol zu Acetaldehyd.- 9.9 Die Herstellung von Essigsäure aus Methanol und Kohlenmonoxid.- 10 Eiweiß durch bakterielle Umsetzung von Methanol (SCP = Single-Cell-Protein).
£75.99
Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. KG IRON—Binary Phase Diagrams
Book SynopsisAt the official dinner of a· meeting in May 1939, I was seated next to Max Hansen. When I congratulated him on the well deserved success of his "Aufbau der Zweistoff-Legierungen", he smiled: "yes, it was a struggle with the hydra, and so it has taken me seven years", meaning that whenever he had thought to have finished the phase diagram of a particular system, new evidence would turn up like the new heads of the Greek monster. There is no need to point out the importance of assessed phase diagrams to metallurgists or even anyone concerned with the technology and applica tion of metals and alloys. The information contained therein is fundamental to considerations concerning the chemical, physical and mechanical properties of alloys. Hansen's German monograph was followed by a revised English edition in 1958 with K. Anderko and the supplements by R.P. Elliott (1965) and F.A. Shunk (1969). All those who have made use of these volumes will admit that much diligent labour has gone into this work, necessary to cope with the ever increasing number of publications and the consequent improvements.Table of ContentsFe-Ag Iron-Silver.- Fe-Li (Na, K) Iron-Alkaline Metals.- Fe-Al Iron-Aluminium (Figs. 1–3).- Fe-Am Iron-Americium.- Fe-As Iron-Arsenic (Fig. 4).- Fe-Au Iron-Gold (Fig. 5).- Fe-B Iron-Boron (Fig. 6).- Fe-Ba Iron-Barium.- Fe-Be Iron-Beryllium (Figs. 7, 8).- Fe-Bi Iron-Bismuth.- Fe-C Iron-Carbon (Figs. 9–12).- Fe-Ca Iron-Calcium.- Fe-Cd Iron-Cadmium.- Fe-Co Iron-Cobalt (Figs. 13, 14).- Fe-Cr Iron-Chromium (Figs. 15, 16).- Fe-Cu Iron-Copper (Figs. 17–20).- Fe-Eu Iron-Europium.- Fe-Ga Iron-Gallium (Figs. 21–24).- Fe-Ge Iron-Germanium (Fig. 25).- Fe-H Iron-Hydrogen (Figs. 26, 27).- Fe-D Iron-Deuterium (Fig. 28).- Fe-T Iron-Tritium (Fig.28).- Fe-Hf Iron-Hafnium (Fig. 29).- Fe-Hg Iron-Mercury (Fig. 30).- Fe-In Iron-Indium (Fig.31).- Fe-Ir Iron-Iridium (Fig. 32).- Fe-La Iron-Lanthanum (Fig. 33).- Fe-Mg Iron-Magnesium (Fig. 34).- Fe-Mn Iron-Manganese (Fig. 35).- Fe-Mo Iron-Molybdenum (Figs. 36–38).- Fe-N Iron-Nitrogen (Figs. 39, 40).- Fe-Nb Iron-Niobium (Fig. 41).- Fe-Ni Iron-Nickel (Figs. 42–44).- Fe-O Iron-Oxygen (Fig. 45).- Fe-Os Iron-Osmium (Figs. 46, 47).- Fe-P Iron-Phosphorus (Figs. 48, 49).- Fe-Pb Iron-Lead (Figs. 50, 51).- Fe-Pd Iron-Palladium (Fig. 52).- Fe-Pt Iron-Platinum (Fig. 53).- Fe-Pu Iron-Plutonium (Figs. 54, 55).- Fe-R Iron-Rare Earth Metals (Figs. 56–68).- Fe-Re Iron-Rhenium (Fig. 69).- Fe-Rh Iron-Rhodium (Fig. 70).- Fe-Ru Iron-Ruthenium (Fig. 71).- Fe-S Iron-Sulphur (Figs. 72, 73).- Fe-Sb Iron-Antimony (Figs. 74, 75).- Fe-Sc Iron-Scandium (Fig. 76).- Fe-Se Iron-Selenium (Fig. 77).- Fe-Si Iron-Silicon (Figs. 78, 79).- Fe-Sn Iron-Tin (Figs. 80, 81).- Fe-Sr Iron-Strontium.- Fe-Ta Iron-Tantalum (Figs. 82, 83).- Fe-Tc Iron-Technetium (Figs. 84, 85).- Fe-Te Iron-Tellurium (Fig. 86).- Fe-Th Iron-Thorium (Fig. 87).- Fe-Ti Iron-Titanium (Figs. 88–90).- Fe-Tl Iron-Thallium.- Fe-U Iron-Uranium (Figs.91, 92).- Fe-V Iron-Vanadium (Figs. 93–95).- Fe-W Iron-Tungsten (Figs. 96, 97).- Fe-Y Iron-Yttrium (Fig. 98).- Fe-Yb Iron-Ytterbium (Fig. 99).- Fe-Zn Iron-Zinc (Figs. 100, 101).- Fe-Zr Iron-Zirconium (Figs. 102, 103).- Appendix Table 1. Physico-chemical properties of the elements.- Table 2. Structural types of elements and compounds.- Table 3. Numerical differences between the International Practical Temperature Scale of 1968 and that of 1948.
£42.74
Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. KG Chemistry
Book SynopsisTable of ContentsStereospecific polymerization of alpha-substituted acrylic acid esters polymerization.- Molecular sieves as polymerization catalysts.- Modified polyethylene terephthalate fibers.- A theoretical consideration of the kinetics and statistics of reactions of functional groups of macromolecules.
£42.74
Springer Elementary engineering fracture mechanics
Book SynopsisWhen asked to start teaching a course on engineering fracture mechanics, I realized that a concise textbook, giving a general oversight of the field, did not exist. The explanation is undoubtedly that the subject is still in a stage of early development, and that the methodologies have still a very limited applicability. It is not possible to give rules for general application of fracture mechanics concepts. Yet our comprehension of cracking and fracture beha viour of materials and structures is steadily increasing. Further developments may be expected in the not too distant future, enabling useful prediction of fracture safety and fracture characteristics on the basis of advanced fracture mechanics procedures. The user of such advanced procedures m\lst have a general understanding of the elementary concepts, which are provided by this volume. Emphasis was placed on the practical application of fracture mechanics, but it was aimed to treat the subject in a way that may interest both metallurgists and engineers. For the latter, some general knowledge of fracture mechanisms and fracture criteria is indispensable for an apprecia tion of the limita tions of fracture mechanics. Therefore a general discussion is provided on fracture mechanisms, fracture criteria, and other metal lurgical aspects, without going into much detail. Numerous references are provided to enable a more detailed study of these subjects which are still in a stage of speculative treatment.Table of ContentsI Principles.- 1 Summary of basic problems and concepts.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 A crack in a structure.- 1.3 The stress at a crack tip.- 1.4 The Griffith criterion.- 1.5 The crack opening displacement criterion.- 1.6 Crack propagation.- 1.7 Closure.- 2 Mechanisms of fracture and crack growth.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Cleavage fracture.- 2.3 Ductile fracture.- 2.4 Fatigue cracking.- 2.5 Environment assisted cracking.- 2.6 Service failure analysis.- 3 The elastic crack-tip stress field.- 3.1 The Airy stress function.- 3.2 Complex stress functions.- 3.3 Solution to crack problems.- 3.4 The effect of finite size.- 3.5 Special cases.- 3.6 Elliptical cracks.- 3.7 Some useful expressions.- 4 The crack tip plastic zone.- 4.1 The Irwin plastic zone correction.- 4.2 The Dugdale approach.- 4.3 The shape of the plastic zone.- 4.4 Plane stress versus plane strain.- 4.5 Plastic constraint factor.- 4.6 The thickness effect.- 5 The energy principle.- 5.1 The energy release rate.- 5.2 The criterion for crack growth.- 5.3 The crack resistance (R curve).- 5.4 Compliance.- 5.5 The J integral.- 5.6 Tearing modulus.- 5.7 Stability.- 6 Dynamics and crack arrest.- 6.1 Crack speed and kinetic energy.- 6.2 The dynamic stress intensity and elastic energy release rate.- 6.3 Crack branching.- 6.4 The principles of crack arrest.- 6.5 Crack arrest in practice.- 6.6 Dynamic fracture toughness.- 7 Plane strain fracture toughness.- 7.1 The standard test.- 7.2 Size requirements.- 7.3 Non-linearity.- 7.4 Applicability.- 8 Plane stress and transitional behaviour.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 An engineering concept of plane stress.- 8.3 The R curve concept.- 8.4 The thickness effect.- 8.5 Plane stress testing.- 8.6 Closure.- 9 Elastic-plastic fracture.- 9.1 Fracture beyond general yield.- 9.2 The crack tip opening displacement.- 9.3 The possible use of the CTOD criterion.- 9.4 Experimental determination of CTOd.- 9.5 Parameters affecting the critical CTOD.- 9.6 Limitations, fracture at general yield.- 9.7 Use of the J integral.- 9.8 Limitations of the J integral.- 9.9 Measurement of JIc and JR.- 9.10 Closure.- 10 Fatigue crack propagation.- 10.1 Introduction.- 10.2 Crack growth and the stress intensity factor.- 10.3 Factors affecting crack propagation.- 10.4 Variable amplitude service loading.- 10.5 Retardation models.- 10.6 Similitude.- 10.7 Small cracks.- 10.8 Closure.- 11 Fracture resistance of materials.- 11.1 Fracture criteria.- 11.2 Fatigue cracking criteria.- 11.3 The effect of alloying and second phase particles.- 11.4 Effect of processing, anisotropy.- 11.5 Effect of temperature.- 11.6 Closure.- II Applications.- 12 Fail-safety and damage tolerance.- 12.1 Introduction.- 12.2 Means to provide fail-safety.- 12.3 Required information for fracture mechanics approach.- 12.4 Closure.- 13 Determination of stress intensity factors.- 13.1 Introduction.- 13.2 Analytical and numerical methods.- 13.3 Finite element methods.- 13.4 Experimental methods.- 14 Practical problems.- 14.1 Introduction.- 14.2 Through cracks emanating from holes.- 14.3 Corner cracks at holes.- 14.4 Cracks approaching holes.- 14.5 Combined loading.- 14.6 Fatigue crack growth under mixed mode loading.- 14.7 Biaxial loading.- 14.8 Fracture toughness of weldments.- 14.9 Service failure analysis.- 15 Fracture of structures.- 15.1 Introduction.- 15.2 Pressure vessels and pipelines.- 15.3 “Leak-bcfore-break” criterion.- 15.4 Material selection.- 15.5 The use of the J integral for structural analysis.- 15.6 Collapse analysis.- 15.7 Accuracy of fracture calculations.- 16 Stiffened sheet structures.- 16.1 Introduction.- 16.2 Analysis.- 16.3 Fatigue crack propagation.- 16.4 Residual strength.- 16.5 The R curve and the residual strength of stiffened panels.- 16.6 Other analysis methods.- 16.7 Crack arrest.- 16.8 Closure.- 17 Prediction of fatigue crack growth.- 17.1 Introduction.- 17.2 The load spectrum.- 17.3 Approximation of the stress spectrum.- 17.4 Generation of a stress history.- 17.5 Crack growth integration.- 17.6 Accuracy of predictions.- 17.7 Safety factors.- Author index.
£93.49
Springer Micromechanics of Defects in Solids
Book SynopsisThis book stems from a course on Micromechanics that I started about fifteen years ago at Northwestern University. At that time, micromechanics was a rather unfamiliar subject. Although I repeated the course every year, I was never convinced that my notes have quite developed into a final manuscript because new topics emerged constantly requiring revisions, and additions. I finally came to realize that if this is continued, then I will never complete the book to my total satisfaction. Meanwhile, T. Mori and I had coauthored a book in Japanese, entitled Micromechanics, published by Baifu-kan, Tokyo, in 1975. It received an extremely favorable response from students and re searchers in Japan. This encouraged me to go ahead and publish my course notes in their latest version, as this book, which contains further development of the subject and is more comprehensive than the one published in Japanese. Micromechanics encompasses mechanics related to microstructures of materials. The method employed is a continuum theory of elasticity yet its applications cover a broad area relating to the mechanical behavior of materi als: plasticity, fracture and fatigue, constitutive equations, composite materi als, polycrystals, etc. These subjects are treated in this book by means of a powerful and unified method which is called the 'eigenstrain method. ' In particular, problems relating to inclusions and dislocations are most effectively analyzed by this method, and therefore, special emphasis is placed on these topics.Trade Review`Professor Mura's book may be heartily recommended to those interested in either applying or learning to apply the methods of continuum mechanics to treat defects in the solid state. This monograph could serve as the perfect text for a second-level graduate course with the same title as that of the book.' Journal of Applied Mechanics Table of Contents1. General theory of eigenstrains.- 1. Definition of eigenstrains.- 2. Fundamental equations of elasticity.- Hooke’s law.- Equilibrium conditions.- Compatibility conditions.- 3. General expressions of elastic fields for given eigenstrain distributions.- Periodic solutions.- Method of Fourier series and Fourier integrals.- Method of Green’s functions.- Isotropic materials.- Cubic crystals.- Hexagonal crystals (transversely isotropic).- 4. Exercises of general formulae.- A straight screw dislocation.- A straight edge dislocation.- Periodic distribution of cuboidal precipitates.- 5. Static Green’s functions.- Isotropic materials.- Anisotropic materials.- Transversely isotropic materials.- Kröner’s formula.- Derivatives of Green’s functions.- Two-dimensional Green’s function.- 6. Inclusions and inhomogeneities.- Inclusions.- Inhomogeneities.- Effect of isotropic elastic moduli on stress.- 7. Dislocations.- Volterra and Mura formulas.- The Indenbom and Orlov formula.- Disclinations.- 8. Dynamic solutions.- Uniformly moving edge dislocation.- Uniformly moving screw dislocation.- 9. Dynamic Green’s functions.- Isotropic materials.- Steady State.- 10. Incompatibility.- Riemann-Christoffel curvature tensor.- 2. Isotropic inclusions.- 11. Eshelby’s solution.- Interior points.- Sphere.- Elliptic cylinder.- Penny-shape.- Flat ellipsoid.- Oblate spheroid.- Prolate spheroid.- Exterior points.- Thermal expansion with central symmetry.- 12. Ellipsoidal inclusions with polynomial eigenstrains.- The I-integrals.- Sphere.- Elliptic cylinder.- Oblate spheroid.- Prolate spheroid.- Elliptical plate.- The Ferrers and Dyson formula.- 13. Energies of inclusions.- Elastic strain energy.- Interaction energy.- Strain energy due to a spherical inclusion.- Elliptic cylinder.- Penny-shaped flat ellipsoid.- Spheroid.- 14. Cuboidal inclusions.- 15. Inclusions in a half space.- Green’s functions.- Ellipsoidal inclusion with a uniform dilatational eigenstrain.- Cuboidal inclusion with uniform eigenstrains.- Periodic distribution of eigenstrains.- Joined half-spaces.- 3. Anisotropic inclusions.- 16. Elastic field of an ellipsoidal inclusion.- 17. Formulae for interior points.- Uniform eigenstrains.- Spheroid.- Cylinder (elliptic inclusion).- Flat ellipsoid.- Eigenstrains with polynomial variation.- Eigenstrains with a periodic form.- 18. Formulae for exterior points.- Examples.- 19. Ellipsoidal inclusions with polynomial eigenstrains in anisotropic media.- Special cases.- 20. Harmonic eigenstrains.- 21. Periodic distribution of spherical inclusions.- 4. Ellipsoidal inhomogeneities.- 22. Equivalent inclusion method.- Isotropic materials.- Sphere.- Penny shape.- Rod.- Anisotropic inhomogeneities in isotropic matrices.- Stress field for exterior points.- 23. Numerical calculations.- Two ellipsoidal inhomogeneities.- 24. Impotent eigenstrains.- 25. Energies of inhomogeneities.- Elastic strain energy.- Interaction energy.- Colunneti’s theorem.- Uniform plastic deformation in a matrix.- Energy balance.- 26. Precipitates and martensites.- Isotropic precipitates.- Anistropic precipitates.- Incoherent precipitates.- Martensitic transformation.- Stress orienting precipitation.- 5. Cracks.- 27. Critical stresses of crakes in isotropic media.- Penny-shaped cracks.- Slit-like cracks.- Flat ellipsoidal cracks.- Crack opening displacement.- 28. Critical stresses of cracks in anisotropic media.- Uniform applied stress.- Non-uniform applied stress.- II integrals for a penny-shaped crack.- II integrals for cubic crystals.- II integrals for transversely isotropic materials.- 29. Stress intensity factor for a flat ellipsoidal crack.- Uniform applied stresses.- Non-uniform applied stresses.- 30. Stress intensity factor for a slit-like crack.- Uniform applied stresses.- Non-uniform applied stresses.- Isotropic materials.- 31. Stress concentration factors.- Simple tension.- Pure shear.- 32. Dugdale-Barenblatt cracks.- BCS model.- Penny shaped crack.- 33. Stress intensity factor for an arbitrarily shaped plane crack.- Numerical examples.- 34. Crack growth.- Energy release rate.- The J-integral.- Fatigue.- Dynamic crack growth.- 6. Dislocations.- 35. Displacement fields.- Parallel dislocations.- A straight dislocation.- 36. Stress fields.- Dislocation segments.- Willis’ formula.- The Asaro et al. formula.- Dislocation loops.- 37. Dislocation density tensor.- Surface dislocation density.- Impotent distribution of dislocations.- 38. Dislocation flux tensor.- Line integral expression of displacement and plastic distortion fields.- The elastic field of moving dislocationswave equations of tensor potentials.- Wave equations of tensor potentials.- 39. Energies and forces.- Dynamic consideration.- 40. Plasticity.- Mathematical theory of plasticity.- Dislocation theory.- Plane strain problems.- Beams and cylinders.- 41. Dislocation model for fatigue crack initiation.- 7. Material properties and related topics.- 42. Macroscopic average.- Average of internal stresses.- Macroscopic strains.- Tanaka-Mori’s theorem.- Image stress.- Random distribution of inclusions-Mori and Tanaka’s theory.- 43. Work-hardening of dispersion hardened alloys.- Work-hardening in simple shear.- Dislocations around an inclusion.- Uniformity of plastic deformation.- 44. Diffusional relaxation of internal and external stresses.- Relaxation of the internal stress in a plastically deformed dispersion strenthened alloy.- Diffusional relaxation process, climb rate of an Orowan loop.- Recovery creep of a dispersion strengthened alloy.- Interfacial diffusional relaxation.- 45. Average elastic moduli of composite materials.- The Voigt approximation.- The Reuss approximation.- Hill’s theory.- Eshelby’s method.- Self-consistent method.- Upper and lower bounds.- Other related works.- 46. Plastic behavior of polycrystalline metals and composites.- Taylor’s analysis.- Self-consistent method.- Embedded weakened zone.- 47. Viscoelasticity of composite materials.- Homogeneous inclusions.- Inhomogeneous inclusions.- Waves in an infinite medium.- 48. Elastic wave scattering.- Dynamic equivalent inclusion method.- Green’s formula.- 49. Interaction between dislocations and inclusions.- Inclusions and dislocations.- Cracks in two-phase materials.- 50. Eigenstrains in lattice theory.- A uniformly moving screw dislocation.- 51. Sliding inclusions.- Shearing Eigenstrains.- Spheroidol inhomogeneous inclusions.- 52. Recent developments.- Inclusions, precipitates, and composites.- Half-spaces.- Non-elastic matrices.- Cracks and inclusions.- Sliding and debonding inclusions.- Dynamic cases.- Miscellaneous.- Appendix 1.- Einstein summation convention.- Kronecker delta.- Permutation tensor.- Appendix 2.- The elastic moduli for isotropic materials.- Appendix 3.- Fourier series and integrals.- Dirac’s delta function and Heaviside’s step function.- Laplace transform.- Appendix 4.- Dislocations pile-up.- References.- Author index.
£123.49
Springer Morphology of Crystals: Part A: Fundamentals Part B: Fine Particles, Minerals and Snow Part C: The Geometry of Crystal Growth by Jaap van Suchtelen
Book SynopsisThe molecular mechanisms underlying the fact that a crystal can take a variety of external forms is something we have come to understand only in the last few decades. This is due to recent developments in theoretical and experimental investigations of crystal growth mechanisms. Morphology of Crystals is divided into three separately available volumes. Part A contains chapters on roughening transition; equilibrium form; step pattern theory; modern PBC; and surface microtopography. This part provides essentially theoretical treatments of the problem, particularly the solid-liquid interface. Part B contains chapters on ultra-fine particles; minerals; transition from polyhedral to dendrite; theory of dendrite; and snow crystals. All chapters are written by world leaders in their respective areas, and some can be seen as representing the essence of a life's work. This is the first English-language work which covers all aspects of the morphology of crystals - a topic which has attracted top scientific minds for centuries. As such, it is indispensable for anyone seeking an answer to a question relating to this fascinating problem: mineralogists, petrologists, crystallographers, materials scientists, workers in solid-state physics and chemistry, etc. In Parts A: Fundamentals and B: Fine Particles, Minerals and Snow equilibrium and kinetic properties of crystals are generally approached from an `atomistic' point of view. In contrast, Part C: The Geometry of Crystal Growth follows the alternative and complementary `geometrical' description, where bulk phases are considered as continuous media and their interfaces as mathematical surfaces with orientation-dependent properties. Equations of motion for a crystal surface are expressed in terms of vector and tensor operators working on surface free energy and growth rate, both expressed as functions of surface orientation and driving force, or `affinity' for growth. This approach emphasizes the interrelation between equilibrium and kinetic behavior. Part 1 establishes the theoretical framework. Part 2 gives a construction toolbox for explicit (analytic) functions. An extra chapter is devoted to experimental techniques for measuring such functions: a new approach to sphere growth experiments. The emphasis throughout is on principles and new concepts. Audience: Advanced readers familiar with traditional aspects of crystal growth theory. Can be used as the basis for an advanced course, provided supplementation is provided in the areas of atomistic models of the advancing surface, diffusion fields, etc.Table of Contents-- Part C: 1. The continuum approach to crystal interfaces: basics. I: Theoretical framework. 2. Operators for orientation-dependent parameters. 3. Mechanics and thermodynamics of interfaces. 4. Equilibrium structures of junctions, edges and vertices. 5. Growth: kinematic wave theory revisited. 6. Kinetic behaviour of junctions, edges and vertices. 7. Structural phase transitions of a crystal surface as a branch of soliton physics. 8. Miscellaneous topics. II: Growth rate functions. 9. Analytic representations of R(n,A) functions. 10. Nonlinear networks and the `assembled function' notation. 11. Physical aspects of assembling operations. 12. The systematic construction of R(n,A) functions by a sequence of assembling steps. 13. Notes on sphere-growth experiments. 14. Summary: Conclusions and outstanding questions. References. List of symbols, abbreviations and notations.
£170.99
Springer Morphology of Crystals: Part A: Fundamentals Part B: Fine Particles, Minerals and Snow Part C: The Geometry of Crystal Growth by Jaap van Suchtelen
Book SynopsisThe molecular mechanisms underlying the fact that a crystal can take a variety of external forms is something we have come to understand only in the last few decades. This is due to recent developments in theoretical and experimental investigations of crystal growth mechanisms. Morphology of Crystals is divided into three separately available volumes. Part A contains chapters on roughening transition; equilibrium form; step pattern theory; modern PBC; and surface microtopography. This part provides essentially theoretical treatments of the problem, particularly the solid-liquid interface. Part B contains chapters on ultra-fine particles; minerals; transition from polyhedral to dendrite; theory of dendrite; and snow crystals. All chapters are written by world leaders in their respective areas, and some can be seen as representing the essence of a life's work. This is the first English-language work which covers all aspects of the morphology of crystals - a topic which has attracted top scientific minds for centuries. As such, it is indispensable for anyone seeking an answer to a question relating to this fascinating problem: mineralogists, petrologists, crystallographers, materials scientists, workers in solid-state physics and chemistry, etc. In Parts A: Fundamentals and B: Fine Particles, Minerals and Snow equilibrium and kinetic properties of crystals are generally approached from an `atomistic' point of view. In contrast, Part C: The Geometry of Crystal Growth follows the alternative and complementary `geometrical' description, where bulk phases are considered as continuous media and their interfaces as mathematical surfaces with orientation-dependent properties. Equations of motion for a crystal surface are expressed in terms of vector and tensor operators working on surface free energy and growth rate, both expressed as functions of surface orientation and driving force, or `affinity' for growth. This approach emphasizes the interrelation between equilibrium and kinetic behavior. Part 1 establishes the theoretical framework. Part 2 gives a construction toolbox for explicit (analytic) functions. An extra chapter is devoted to experimental techniques for measuring such functions: a new approach to sphere growth experiments. The emphasis throughout is on principles and new concepts. Audience: Advanced readers familiar with traditional aspects of crystal growth theory. Can be used as the basis for an advanced course, provided supplementation is provided in the areas of atomistic models of the advancing surface, diffusion fields, etc.Table of Contents-- Part C: 1. The continuum approach to crystal interfaces: basics. I: Theoretical framework. 2. Operators for orientation-dependent parameters. 3. Mechanics and thermodynamics of interfaces. 4. Equilibrium structures of junctions, edges and vertices. 5. Growth: kinematic wave theory revisited. 6. Kinetic behaviour of junctions, edges and vertices. 7. Structural phase transitions of a crystal surface as a branch of soliton physics. 8. Miscellaneous topics. II: Growth rate functions. 9. Analytic representations of R(n,A) functions. 10. Nonlinear networks and the `assembled function' notation. 11. Physical aspects of assembling operations. 12. The systematic construction of R(n,A) functions by a sequence of assembling steps. 13. Notes on sphere-growth experiments. 14. Summary: Conclusions and outstanding questions. References. List of symbols, abbreviations and notations.
£170.99
Stichting Kunstboek BVBA Fibre-Fixed: Composites in Design
Book SynopsisFibre-Fixed. Composites in Design is a book about what can be achieved when tried and tested fibres are combined with other materials - often (bio) plastics - to create fibre reinforced composite materials. These fibres can be manifold: carbon, glass, a synthetic fibre or natural fibres such as flax, hemp, jute, ramie, silk... The strength and stiffness of these fibres, combined with the lightness of plastics, inspires designers to create lightweight, energy-efficient products. At the same time, the composite materials allow a great freedom of shape and design. Designing and using composite materials can be an answer to the social and ecological challenges today's society is facing. This book, edited by Lut Pil and Ignaas Verpoest, focuses on the results achieved in the past five years and looks ahead to some of the breakthroughs that are expected in the years to come. The projects presented in the book are diverse and come from different sectors such as mobility, sports, medical applications, energy supply, infrastructure, architecture and products for daily use. Text in English and Dutch.
£27.55
S Chand & Co Ltd Textbook Of Strength Of Materials
Book Synopsis
£16.88
Springer Nonlinear Mechanics of Crystals
Book SynopsisThis book describes behavior of crystalline solids primarily via methods of modern continuum mechanics. Emphasis is given to geometrically nonlinear descriptions, i.e., finite deformations.Primary topics include anisotropic crystal elasticity, plasticity, and methods for representing effects of defects in the solid on the material's mechanical response. Defects include crystal dislocations, point defects, twins, voids or pores, and micro-cracks. Thermoelastic, dielectric, and piezoelectric behaviors are addressed. Traditional and higher-order gradient theories of mechanical behavior of crystalline solids are discussed. Differential-geometric representations of kinematics of finite deformations and lattice defect distributions are presented. Multi-scale modeling concepts are described in the context of elastic and plastic material behavior. Representative substances towards which modeling techniques may be applied are single- and poly- crystalline metals and alloys, ceramics, and minerals.This book is intended for use by scientists and engineers involved in advanced constitutive modeling of nonlinear mechanical behavior of solid crystalline materials. Knowledge of fundamentals of continuum mechanics and tensor calculus is a prerequisite for accessing much of the text. This book could be used as supplemental material for graduate courses on continuum mechanics, elasticity, plasticity, micromechanics, or dislocation mechanics, for students in various disciplines of engineering, materials science, applied mathematics, and condensed matter physics.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews:“The book is a mathematical introduction to the thermodynamics of nonlinear mechanics of crystals and generally to continuum mechanics. … The book ends with references which are very large … . The book seems to be a very good work on the subject, and can be recommended to all those interested in the mechanics of crystals.” (N. D. Cristescu, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1209, 2011)Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Mathematical foundations.- Kinematics of Crystalline Solids.- Thermomechanics of Crystalline Solids.- Thermoelasticity.- Elastoplasticity.- Residual Deformation from Lattice Defects.- Mechanical Twinning in Crystal Plasticity.- Generalized Inelasticity.- Dielectrics and piezoelectricity.- Chrystal Symmetries and Elastic Constants.- Lattice Statics and Dynamics.- Discrete Defects in Linear Elasticity.- SI Units and Fundamental Constants.- Kinematic Derivations.- References.- Index.
£237.49
Springer Grain Boundaries: From Theory to Engineering
Book SynopsisGrain boundaries are a main feature of crystalline materials. They play a key role in determining the properties of materials, especially when grain size decreases and even more so with the current improvements of processing tools and methods that allow us to control various elements in a polycrystal. This book presents the theoretical basis of the study of grain boundaries and aims to open up new lines of research in this area. The treatment is light on mathematical approaches while emphasizing practical examples; the issues they raise are discussed with reference to theories. The general approach of the book has two main goals: to lead the reader from the concept of ‘ideal’ to ‘real’ grain boundaries; to depart from established knowledge and address the opportunities emerging through "grain boundary engineering", the control of morphological and crystallographic features that affect material properties. The book is divided in three parts: I ‘From interganular order to disorder’ deals with the concept of the perfect grain boundary, at equilibrium, and questions the maintenance of its crystalline state. II ‘From the ideal to the real grain boundary’ deals with the concept of the faulted grain boundary. It attempts to reveal the influence of the grain boundary structure on its defects, their formation and their accommodation. III ‘From free to constrained grain boundaries’ is devoted to grain boundary ensembles starting from the triple junction (the elemental configuration) to real grain boundary networks in polycrystalsThis part covers a new and topical development in the field. It presents for the first time an avenue for researchers working on macroscopic aspects, to approach the scale of description of grain boundaries.Audience: graduate students, researchers and engineers in Materials Science and all those scientists pursuing grain boundary engineering in order to improve materials performance.Table of ContentsFrom the Contents: Part 1: From intergranular order to disorder.- Introduction: brief history of the intergranular order concept.- Geometrical order.- Mechanical stress order.- Atomic order.- Order or disorder at high temperature.- Grain boundary order and energy.- Grain boundary order or disorder: what conclusion?.- Part 2: From the ideal grain boundary to the real grain boundary.- Defects in the grain boundary structure.- Intergranular segregation.- Precipitation at grain boundaries.- Interactions between dislocations and grain boundaries.- Relaxation of the intergranular stresses.- Part 3: From the free grain boundary to the constrained grain boundary.- The triple junction.- Grain boundary network - grain boundary texture.
£75.99
Springer Tribology Issues and Opportunities in MEMS: Proceedings of the NSF/AFOSR/ASME Workshop on Tribology Issues and Opportunities in MEMS held in Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A., 9–11 November 1997
Book SynopsisMicro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) is already about a billion dollars a year industry and is growing rapidly. So far major emphasis has been placed on the fabrication processes for various devices. There are serious issues related to tribology, mechanics, surfacechemistry and materials science in the operationand manufacturingof many MEMS devices and these issues are preventing an even faster commercialization. Very little is understood about tribology and mechanical properties on micro- to nanoscales of the materials used in the construction of MEMS devices. The MEMS community needs to be exposed to the state-of-the-artoftribology and vice versa. Fundamental understanding of friction/stiction, wear and the role of surface contamination and environmental debris in micro devices is required. There are significantadhesion, friction and wear issues in manufacturing and actual use, facing the MEMS industry. Very little is understood about the tribology of bulk silicon and polysilicon films used in the construction ofthese microdevices. These issues are based on surface phenomenaand cannotbe scaled down linearly and these become increasingly important with the small size of the devices. Continuum theory breaks down in the analyses, e. g. in fluid flow of micro-scale devices. Mechanical properties ofpolysilicon and other films are not well characterized. Roughness optimization can help in tribological improvements. Monolayers of lubricants and other materials need to be developed for ultra-low friction and near zero wear. Hard coatings and ion implantation techniques hold promise.Table of ContentsPreface. 1. MEMS Fabrication Techniques. 2. MEMS Applications and Tribology Issues. 3. State-of-the-Art of Tribology: Macroscale Processes. 4. State-of-the-Art of Tribology: Micro- to Nanoscale Processes. 5. Tribology of MEMS Components and Materials. 6. Mechanical Property Measurements. 7. Modification and Characterization of Surfaces. 8. Breakout Sessions Report. 9. Panel Discussion Report. List of Participants. Subject Index. Editor's Vita.
£237.49
Springer Verlag, Singapore Handbook of Mechanics of Materials
Book SynopsisThis book provides a comprehensive reference for the studies of mechanical properties of materials over multiple length and time scales. The topics include nanomechanics, micromechanics, continuum mechanics, mechanical property measurements, and materials design. The handbook employs a consistent and systematic approach offering readers a user friendly reference ideal for frequent consultation. It is appropriate for an audience at of graduate students, faculties, researchers, and professionals in the fields of Materials Science, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Engineering Mechanics, and Aerospace Engineering.Table of ContentsDislocation nucleation mediated plasticity of FCC nanowires.- Indentation behaviour of metallic glass via molecular dynamics simulation.- Surface/Interface Stress and Thin Film Stress.- On the vibratory probing of atomic force microscopy.- Characterization of mechanical properties in polymeric materials: A bottom-up approach.- Fracture nanomechanics.- In situ Transmission Electron Microscopy Investigation of Dislocation Interactions.- Multiscale Modeling of Radiation Hardening.- Atomistic simulations of Metal/Al2O3 interfaces.- Multiscale simulation of precipitation in copper-alloyed pipeline steels and in Cu-Ni-Si alloys.- Atomistic simulations of hydrogen effects on lattice defects in alpha iron.- Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Nanopolycrystals
£854.99
Springer Verlag, Singapore Shock and Materials
Book SynopsisThis book highlights how the properties and structure of materials are affected by dynamic high pressures generated by explosions, projectile impacts, laser compression, electric discharge or ball milling. Starting with the basics of shock-wave physics and an outline of experimental techniques, it then surveys dynamic compressibility and equations of state of various substances, phase transitions and syntheses of novel compounds under shock. It covers various industrial applications including hardening of metals and grinding (fragmentation) of solids, saturation of solids with defects for use as catalysts, production of superhard materials (synthetic diamond, BN (boron nitride)) and nanomaterials, especially nanodiamond, and discusses state-of-the-art techniques such as combining dynamic and static compression to obtain monolithic materials.Trade Review“This volume explores phase transformation in materials, the generation of defects such as porosity and dislocations, and industrial applications. … The book is clearly intended for researchers in high energy density physics and related materials science. Summing Up: Recommended.” (J. Lambropoulos, Choice, Vol. 56 (2), October, 2018)Table of ContentsIntroductionExplosion methods1.1 Basics of shock-wave physics1.2 Compressibility of solids. Equations of state 1.3 Techniques of shock compression 1.4 Defects in shocked materials. Strengthening and grinding of solids1.5 Phase transitions under shock waves. Dynamic-static compression1.6 Synthesis and decomposition of substances1.7 Detonation synthesis of nanodiamond, its structure, properties and applicationsBall milling2.1 Techniques and physics of ball milling2.2 Phase transitions2.3 Synthesis of compounds2.4 Preparation of nanomaterialsOther shock methods3.1 Electric discharge3.2 Impulse (laser) evaporation
£104.99
Springer Verlag, Singapore Vibration Analysis of Functionally Graded
Book SynopsisThis book presents a detailed study on the vibration analysis of functionally graded piezoelectric actuators excited under the shear effect. Two types of actuator geometries viz. beam and annular plate are considered, where the material properties are assumed to have a continuous variation in accordance with a power law distribution. The generalized differential quadrature method is used to obtain the solutions, and is compared to exact analytical results. The methodology reported and the numerical results presented will be useful for the design of devices utilizing functionally graded piezoelectric actuators under the influence of shear. Table of Contents1. Overview.- 2. Fundamentals of Piezoceramics.- 3. Basics of FGM and FGPM.- 4. Fundamentals of DQ Method.- 5. Vibration Analysis of FGPM Beam.- 6. Vibration Analysis of FGPM annular plate.- 7. Summary and Conclusions.
£47.49
Springer Verlag, Singapore Nanoinformatics
Book SynopsisThis open access book brings out the state of the art on how informatics-based tools are used and expected to be used in nanomaterials research. There has been great progress in the area in which “big-data” generated by experiments or computations are fully utilized to accelerate discovery of new materials, key factors, and design rules. Data-intensive approaches play indispensable roles in advanced materials characterization. "Materials informatics" is the central paradigm in the new trend. "Nanoinformatics" is its essential subset, which focuses on nanostructures of materials such as surfaces, interfaces, dopants, and point defects, playing a critical role in determining materials properties. There have been significant advances in experimental and computational techniques to characterize individual atoms in nanostructures and to gain quantitative information. The collaboration of researchers in materials science and information science is growing actively and is creating a new trend in materials science and engineering.Table of Contents1. Descriptors for Machine Learning of Materials Data.- 2. Potential Energy Surface Mapping of Charge Carriers in Ionic Conductors Based on a Gaussian Process Model.- 3. Machine learning predictions of factors affecting the activity of heterogeneous metal catalysts.- 4. Machine Learning-based Experimental Design in Materials Science.- 5. Persistent homology and materials informatics.- 6. Polyhedron and Polychoron codes for describing Atomic Arrangements.- 7. Topological Data Analysis for the Characterization of Atomic Scale Morphology from Atom Probe Tomography Images.- 8. Atomic-scale nanostructures by advanced electron microscopy and informatics.- 9. High spatial resolution hyperspectral imaging with machine-learning techniques.- 10. Fabrication, Characterization, and Modulation of Functional Nanolayers.- 11. Grain Boundary Engineering of Alumina Ceramics.- 12. Structural relaxation of oxide compounds from the high-pressure phase.-13.Synthesis and structures of novel solid-state electrolytes.
£40.49
Springer Verlag, Singapore Advances in Functional Finishing of Textiles
Book SynopsisThis book provides a comprehensive overview of the field of functional finishing of textiles, describing the state-of-the-art research and well-established techniques applied in the textile industry, and covering all areas of textile dyeing and finishing. It is intended for academic researchers and professionals in related scientific and engineering fields, including textile engineering, chemistry, nanotechnology, material science, biotechnology and environmental science. The book also provides reference material for stakeholders looking for innovative technologies and insights into the environmental and sustainability issues in the development of functional textiles and related products. Table of Contents1. Surface Modification of Textiles with Nanomaterials for Flexible Electronics Applications.- 2. Functional Finishing of Cotton Textiles using Nanomaterials.- 3. Environmental Profile of Nano-finished Textile Materials: Implications on Public Health, Risk Assessment, and Public Perception.- 4. Biotechnology: An Eco-friendly Tool of Nature for Textile Industries. 5. Application of Enzymes in Textile Functional Finishing.- 6. Recent Advances in Development of Antimicrobial Textiles.- 7. Advances of Textiles in Tissue Engineering Scaffolds.
£67.49
Springer Verlag, Singapore Spectroscopy for Materials Analysis: An Introduction
Book SynopsisThis book includes X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, electron spectroscopy, and atomic emission spectroscopy, which are now extensively employed in material analysis. This book is organized as a guide for undergraduate students and engineers who wish to study analytical spectroscopy in material science. An objective of this book is to explain the principles of those methods of spectroscopy only with basic mathematical expressions and to introduce their applications to actual materials.Table of Contents1 Introduction: Material Analytical Science.- 2 Principle of Analytical Spectroscopy.- 3 Interaction with Electromagnetic Wave.- 4 Basics of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy.- 5 Spectrum in X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy.- 6 Applications of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy.- 7 Interaction with Electrons.- 8 Basics of Electron Spectroscopy.- 9 Spectrum in Electron Spectroscopy.- 10 Applications of Electron Spectroscopy.- 11 Optical Transitions between Outer Electron Orbitals.- 12 Basics of Atomic Emission Spectroscopy.- 13 Spectrum in Atomic Emission Spectroscopy.- 14 Applications of Atomic Emission Spectroscopy.
£49.49
Springer Verlag, Singapore The Plaston Concept: Plastic Deformation in
Book SynopsisThis open access book presents the novel concept of plaston, which accounts for the high ductility or large plastic deformation of emerging high-performance structural materials, including bulk nanostructured metals, hetero-nanostructured materials, metallic glasses, intermetallics, and ceramics.The book describes simulation results of the collective atomic motion associated with plaston, by computational tools such as first-principle methods with predictive performance and large-scale atom-dynamics calculations. Multi-scale analyses with state-of-the art analytical tools nano/micro pillar deformation and nano-indentation experiments are also described. Finally, through collaborative efforts of experimental and computational work, examples of rational design and development of new structural materials are given, based on accurate understanding of deformation and fracture phenomena.This publication provides a valuable contribution to the field of structural materials research.Table of ContentsPart I. Introduction.- 1. Plaston induced plasticity in bulk nanostructured metals.- Part II. Simulation of plaston and plaston induced phenomena.- 2. Nucleation of plaston at surface and interface of metallic materials.- 3. Atomistic study of plaston in nanostructured metals.- 4. First principles calculations of collective motion of atoms in metals.- 5. Machine learning interatomic potentials with controlled accuracy.- 6. First principles calculations of dislocation cores in HCP metals.- Part III. Experimental analyses of plaston.- 7. STEM observation of plaston in alumina.- 8. Micro-pillar deformation experiments of brittle intermetallics in steel.- 9. Nano-indentation study of steels.- 10. Synchrotron x-ray study on plaston in metals.- 11. Improvement of fatigue lifetime by controlling plaston at crack tip.- Part IV. Design and development of high performance structural materials.- 12. Development of bulk nanostructured steels.- 13. Design and development of high Mn steels.- 14. Design and development novel magnesium alloys.
£40.49
Springer Verlag, Singapore The Plaston Concept: Plastic Deformation in
Book SynopsisThis open access book presents the novel concept of plaston, which accounts for the high ductility or large plastic deformation of emerging high-performance structural materials, including bulk nanostructured metals, hetero-nanostructured materials, metallic glasses, intermetallics, and ceramics.The book describes simulation results of the collective atomic motion associated with plaston, by computational tools such as first-principle methods with predictive performance and large-scale atom-dynamics calculations. Multi-scale analyses with state-of-the art analytical tools nano/micro pillar deformation and nano-indentation experiments are also described. Finally, through collaborative efforts of experimental and computational work, examples of rational design and development of new structural materials are given, based on accurate understanding of deformation and fracture phenomena.This publication provides a valuable contribution to the field of structural materials research.Table of ContentsPart I. Introduction.- 1. Plaston induced plasticity in bulk nanostructured metals.- Part II. Simulation of plaston and plaston induced phenomena.- 2. Nucleation of plaston at surface and interface of metallic materials.- 3. Atomistic study of plaston in nanostructured metals.- 4. First principles calculations of collective motion of atoms in metals.- 5. Machine learning interatomic potentials with controlled accuracy.- 6. First principles calculations of dislocation cores in HCP metals.- Part III. Experimental analyses of plaston.- 7. STEM observation of plaston in alumina.- 8. Micro-pillar deformation experiments of brittle intermetallics in steel.- 9. Nano-indentation study of steels.- 10. Synchrotron x-ray study on plaston in metals.- 11. Improvement of fatigue lifetime by controlling plaston at crack tip.- Part IV. Design and development of high performance structural materials.- 12. Development of bulk nanostructured steels.- 13. Design and development of high Mn steels.- 14. Design and development novel magnesium alloys.
£31.49
Springer Verlag, Singapore Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation of
Book SynopsisThis book presents a detailed description of the most common nondestructive testing(NDT) techniques used for the testing and evaluation fiber-reinforced composite structures, during manufacturing and/or in service stages. In order to facilitate the understanding and the utility of the different NDT techniques presented, the book first provides some information regarding the defects and material degradation mechanisms observed in fiber-reinforced composite structures as well as their general description and most probable causes. It is written based on the extensive scientific research and engineering backgrounds of the authors in the NDT and structural health monitoring (SHM) of structural systems from various areas including electrical, mechanical, materials, civil and biomedical engineering. Pursuing a rigorous approach, the book establishes a fundamental framework for the NDT of fiber-reinforced composite structures, while emphasizing on the importance of technique’s spatial resolution, integrated systems analysis and the significance of the influence stemming from the applicability of the NDT and the physical parameters of the test structures in the selection and utilization of adequate NDT techniques.The book is intended for students who are interested in the NDT of fiber-reinforced composite structures, researchers investigating the applicability of different NDT techniques to the inspections of structural systems, and NDT researchers and engineers working on the optimization of NDT systems for specific applications involving the use of fiber-reinforced composite structures.Table of ContentsForeword by Prof. Shandong. Tu (Academician, Chinese Academy of Engineering).- Preface.- Chapter 1 - Introduction and background of fiber-reinforced composite materials.- Chapter 2 - Introduction to nondestructive testing and evaluation of fiber-reinforced composites.- Chapter 3 - Visual testing for fiber-reinforced composite materials.- Chapter 4 - Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of aerospace composites: ultrasonic techniques.- Chapter 5 - Infrared thermography testing and evaluation of fiber-reinforced composite materials.- Chapter 6 - Terahertz testing technique for fiber-reinforced composite materials.- Chapter 7 - Application of acoustic emission for the inspection of fiber-reinforced composite materials.- Chapter 8 - Other methods.- Chapter 9 – Important conclusions, developments and future trends.- Appendix A: Examples of typical standards in relation to NDT techniques for the inspection of composite structures.
£132.99
Springer Verlag, Singapore Advances in Brain Imaging Techniques
Book SynopsisThe book reviews the recent developments in brain imaging and their technological advancements to understand molecular mechanisms associated with neurological disorders and basic behaviors in humans and rodents at the structural, molecular, and functional levels. It discusses the usefulness of advanced optical microscopy techniques, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), miniscope, multiphoton fluorescence (2PF & 3PF), adaptive optics, harmonic generation, and Raman microscopy for understanding pathomechanism of brain disorders and pathological and physiological changes associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Also, the book presents conventional imaging modalities, including Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), for delineating underlying mechanisms and precise early diagnosis of neurological disorders. This book is a useful resource for neuroscientists and researchers working in biomedical engineering and optics.Trade Review“The texts are well referenced and supported by clearly labelled diagrams, flow charts and figures, to aid with reading. … it may be seen as a useful addition to a departmental library for those neuroradiology and neurosciences colleagues with a particular interest in this developing field.” (Yuan Chun Kheng, RAD Magazine, December, 2023)Table of ContentsOptical coherence tomography in brain gliomas detection and peritumoral white matter state evaluation.- Two Photon Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging of Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in Brain Research.- Types of Raman Scattering Techniques for Neurodegenerative Diseases.- Drosophila brain advanced multiphoton imaging.- Myelin imaging.- Brainbow: Principle, Technique and Applications.- Photoacoustic Imaging of Brain.- Photodynamic therapy of brain diseases.- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Brain.- Indirect imaging.- Multimodal Noninvasive Imaging Strategies for Clinically Monitoring Degenerative Disorders of the Brain.- Machine learning approach in brain imaging.- Transgenic Brain mapping Techniques in Drosophila melanogaster.- Behavioural phenotyping to study cognitive and non-cognitive symptoms in the rodent model of Alzheimer's disease.
£151.99
Springer Verlag, Singapore Recent Advances in Materials Technologies: Select
Book SynopsisThis book presents the select proceedings of the first International Conference on Energy and Materials Technologies (ICEMT) 2021, organized by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, India. It covers the recent technologies in two broad thematic areas: energy and materials. Various topics covered in this book include advanced materials and characterization, mechanical behavior of materials, nanomaterials and nanotechnology, biomaterials, composite materials, environmental-friendly materials, structural materials, advances in aerospace technology, and advanced materials and manufacturing. The book is useful for students, researchers, and professionals in the area of mechanical engineering, especially various domains of materials.Table of ContentsNoise Reduction of electric motor using Body-Mounted Encapsulation.- Optimization and Vibrational Analysis of Co-axial Rotor for Special Purpose Vehicle.- Selection of Contact Bearing Couple Materials for Hip Prosthesis Using Finite Element Analysis Under Dynamic Loading Conditions.- Studies on Wear Behaviour of Polypropylene (PP) - Terminalia Chebula (TC) Composite.- Estimation of the Wear Resistance in Electroless Composite Substrates using a novel Coating and Microwave Heat treatment method.- Effect of Sliding Distance on Tribological Behavior of Pongamia-Oil-Cake Filled Basalt Epoxy Composites.- Formulation and Numerical Investigation of PTFE Based Composites for Piston Rings of Oil Free Air Compressors.- Vibrational Study on Effect of Iron Particle Blend Elas-tomers Layer in Epoxy/ Glass Fiber Composite.- Optimization and Analysis of Abrasive Wear of Agro Waste Fiber Reinforced Composites by RSM Design Matrix.- Experimental Vibration Analysis on E-glass/Epoxy and Jute/Epoxy Composite Plates.
£116.99
Springer Verlag, Singapore High Entropy Materials: Processing, Properties,
Book SynopsisThis book provides a detailed overview of high entropy materials and alloys, discussing their structure, the processing of bulk and nanostructured alloys as well as their mechanical and functional properties and applications. It covers the exponential growth in research which has occurred over the last decade, discussing novel processing techniques, estimation of mechanical, functional and physical properties, and utility of these novel materials for various applications. Given the expanding scope of HEAs in ceramics, polymers, thin films and coating, this book will be of interest to material scientists and engineers alike. Table of Contents Chapter 1. Historical Perspective of High Entropy: Paradigm Shift and Origin of Path Breaking Concept 1.1 Introduction: Alloys and Their Importance in Civilization 1.2 The Alloy World: Solid Solutions and Compounds 1.4 Solid Solutions in Alloys and Ceramics 1.3 Special Alloys 1.4 Ceramics: Oxides, Borides, Nitride and Carbides 1.5 The Multicomponent Materials in Metals and Ceramics 1.6. High Entropy Materials 1.7 The Scope of This Book in the Present Context Chapter 2. High-Entropy Materials: Basic Concepts 2.1 Introduction 2.2 High Entropy Alloys and Ceramics: Definition and Classification 2.3. Entropy of Mixing : It Estimation and Effects on Alloy Development 2.3 High Entropy Effects 2.4 Composition Notation 2.5 Thermodynamics of Multicoponent systems 2.6 Kinetics: Intermixing and diffusion Chapter 3. Phase and Microstructural Selection in High-Entropy Materials 3.1 Alloy Design Strategies 3.2 Predicting Solid Solubility from Hume-Rothery Rules 3.3 Solid Solution Formation in Equiatomic and Nonequiatomic HEMs 3.4 Mutual Solubility and Phase Formation Tendency in HEAs 3.5 Parametric Approaches to Predict Crystalline Solid Solution 3.5 CALPHAD and Ab Initio Approaches 3.6 Pettifor Map Approach to Predict the Formation of Intermetallic Compound, Quasicrystal, and Glass 3.7 Phase Selection Approach to Find Single-Phase vs. Multiphase HEMs 3.7 Design Strategies for High Entropy Oxides and Borides 3.8 Microstructure of HEMs · Chapter 4 : Diffusion in HEMs 4.1. Diffusion in Multicomponent Systems: Theory and Experiment 4.2 Diffusivities of HEAs: Measured vs. Postulated 4.3 Diffusional Solid State Phase Transformation in HEAs Eutectoid, Phase Separation and Precipitation 4.4. Integration of diffusional transformation with models of phase transformation Chapter 5. High Entropy Material Design using ICME and Materials Genome 5.1 Introduction to ICME 5.2 Integrated Computational Materials Engineering Approach to Design and Develop New Materials 5.3 HEMs and their link to ICME 5.4 Development of Materials Database for HEMs Chapter 6. Synthesis and Processing of Bulk HEMs 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Processing of HEAs 6.2.1 Melting and Casting Route 6.2.2 Powder Metallurgical Processing Route 6.3 HEA-Based Composites 6.4 High Entropy Ceramics: Oxide and Borides 6.5 Combinatorial Materials Synthesis 6.6 Additive manufacturing Chapter 7. Synthesis and Processing of HEA Coating and Thin Films 7.1 Introduction 7.2. HEA Coatings : Challenges 7.3 HEA Thin Films: Preparation and Challenges 7.4 Combinatorial Synthesis Approach for Coating and Thin Films Chapter 8. Structural Properties 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Hot and cold working of HEA 8.3 Mechanical Properties 8.4 Corrosion Behavior 8.5 Oxidation Behavior Chapter 9. Functional Applications 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Electronics 9.3 Thermoelectrics 9.4 Magnetism 9.5 Hydrogen Storage 9.6 Waste Management Chapter 10. Applications 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Goals of Property Improvement 10.3 Advanced Applications Demanding New Materials 10.4 Examples of Applications 10.5 Patents on HEAs and Related Materials 10.6 Future Directions References Appendix
£132.99
Springer Verlag, Singapore Poly Trimethylene Terephthalate: Based Blends,
Book Synopsis This book explains general concepts of an important engineering thermoplastic polymer—polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT). It describes preparation methods, characterization techniques, and various applications of PTT-based blends, IPNs, and composites. It also gives a clear idea about the engineering thermoplastic, PTT, and its importance in future. In addition to the basic concepts of PTT-based materials, the book also includes novel studies and issues on this topic. This book is an outcome of contributions by experts from different disciplines with various backgrounds and expertise. This book is useful for professionals, researchers, industrial practitioners, graduate students, and senior undergraduates of polymer science and engineering. Additionally, it is also beneficial for researchers working on materials science, surface science, bioengineering, chemical engineering, and nanomaterials. This book helps the researchers and students in expanding their knowledge in this field.Table of ContentsPoly (Trimethylene Terephthalate): Introduction.- PTT based polymer blends and IPNs: preparation methods.- Characterization techniques of PTT based polymer blends and IPNs.- PTT/rubber, thermoplastic and thermosetting polymer blends and IPNs.- PTT based micro and nanocomposites: Methods of preparation and properties.- Characterization techniques used to study various macro and nanocomposites of PTT.- ¬Crystallization and Solid-State Characterization of Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) and its Nanocomposites.- Functional properties of PTT based composites and nanocomposites.- PTT Based Green Composites.- Morphological studies and its effects on PTT-based micro, nanocomposites and polymer blends properties.
£170.99
World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Advanced High Strength Steel And Press Hardening
Book SynopsisThis proceedings brings together one hundred and ten selected papers presented at the 2nd International Conference on Advanced High Strength Steel and Press Hardening (ICHSU2015), which was held in Changsha, China, during October 15-18, 2015.To satisfy the increasingly urgent requirement of reducing the weight of vehicle structures and increasing passenger safety, ICHSU2015 provided an excellent international platform for researchers to share their knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of advanced high strength steel and press hardening technology.This conference aroused great interests and attentions from domestic and foreign researchers in hot stamping field. Experts in this field from Australia, China, Germany and Sweden, contributed to the collection of research results and developments. The papers cover almost all the current topics of advanced high strength steel and press hardening technology.Table of ContentsMaterials & Testing I; Materials & Testing II; Modeling & Simulation; Process Design; Tribology & Tools; Equipment; Product Properties;
£216.00
World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Optimum Accelerated Life Testing Models With
Book SynopsisToday's manufacturers are under tremendous pressure to develop new technological and high reliability products in record time. This has motivated reliability engineers to evaluate the reliabilities of such products. Reliability testing under accelerated environment — accelerated life testing helps to meet this challenge.This comprehensive and must-have edition provides a broad coverage of the optimal design of Accelerated Life Test Plans under time-varying stress loadings. It also focuses on the formulation of Accelerated Life Test Sampling Plans (ALTSPs) which integrate accelerated life tests with quality control technique of acceptance sampling plans. These plans help to determine optimal experimental variables such as appropriate stress levels, optimal allocation at each stress levels, stress change points, etc, depending on the stress loading scheme. ALTSPs determine optimal plans such that the producers' and consumers' risks are safeguarded.
£117.90
Springer Selected Articles of the 2nd International
Book SynopsisStudy of Structural and Luminescent Phase State of Hydroxyapatite Doped Nanocomposites of Dysprosium ions for the Targeted Breast Carcinoma Cells.- Investigation of Phosphate Glass Incorporated with Ho3+ Ions for Visible-Green Lasers.- Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Excited Optical Luminescence Probing of Green Emission from Gd2O2S:Tb/PVP Scintillator.- Influence of optimized concentration of Dy3+ ions on optical and luminescence properties of P2O5 + TeO2 + SrCO3 + MgF2 glasses for solid-state visible laser and w-LED applications.- Photo and Thermoluminescence of Samarium doped ZnO nano particles.- Biodegradable fruit and vegetable-based films: preparation and characterization.- Galactomannan-Quercetin blends for electronic applications.- Dielectrical Characterization of Galactomannan-Cellulose Films.
£170.99
Springer Proceedings of the 6th International Conference
Book SynopsisInfluence of functionalized MWCNT on tensile strength of glass epoxy composites.- Effect of heat treatment on microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of a dual phase steel.- In situ Surface Nitriding via Laser Surface Remelting of Additively Build Ti6Al4V.- Minimizing the surface roughness of a single bead deposition in stainless steel through WAAM process.- An integrated approach of Wet and XRF methods for Chemical analysis of Mn and Ni content in HCFC.
£179.99
Springer Verlag, Singapore Optical Anisotropy of Biological Polycrystalline
Book SynopsisThis book highlights the analysis of new azimuth-independent methods of Stokes polarimetry and Mueller-matrixreconstruction of distributions of optical anisotropy parameters using spatial-frequency filtering of manifestations of phase (linear and circular birefringence) and amplitude (linear and circular dichroism) anisotropy for diagnosing changes in the orientational-phase structure of fibrillar networks of histological sections of biological tissues and polycrystalline films of biological fluids.Table of Contents Mueller-Matrix Modeling And Diagnostics Of Optically Anisotropic Biological Layers.- Materials And Method.- Mueller-Matrix Description Of The Optically Anisotropy Of Biological Layers.- Azimutally Invariant Mueller-Matrix Mapping Of Optically Anisotropic Networks Of Biological Tissues And Fluids.- Azimuthally Invariant Mueller-Matrix Reconstruction Of The Optical Anisotropy Parameters Of The Polycrystalline Structure Of Biological Tissues And Human Fluids.- Methods And Means Of Fourier-Stocks Polarimetry And Spatial-Frequency Filtering Of Phase Anisotropy Manifestations.
£33.24
Springer Verlag, Singapore Practical Inverse Problems and Their Prospects:
Book SynopsisThis book comprises select proceedings of the workshop “Practical inverse problems and their prospects” held online by zoom, from Mar 2nd to Mar. 4th, 2022, supported by Institute of Mathematics for Industry, Kyushu University focusing on cutting-edge research carried out in the areas of practical inverse problems based on industry-academia and interdisciplinary collaborations.Various themes on practical inverse problems covered in this book are medical imaging, non-destructive and non-invasive inspections, viscoelastic waves, remote sensing, infrared light tomography, maintenance of infrastructure, and so on, and mathematical theories in inverse problems are also handled in these proceedings.All papers in this book are written by qualified authors in the practical inverse problems area and also the papers are newly announced. Readers can get leading-edge information on practical inverse problems.Table of Contents
£170.99
