Technology, Engineering & Agriculture Books

Book SynopsisFrom quantum mechanical concepts to practical circuit applications, this book presents a self-contained and up-to-date account of the physics and technology of nanowire semiconductor devices. It includes a unified account of the critical ideas central to low-dimensional physics and transistor physics which equips readers with a common framework and language to accelerate scientific and technological developments across the two fields. Detailed descriptions of novel quantum mechanical effects such as quantum current oscillations, the metal-to-semiconductor transition and the transition from classical transistor to single-electron transistor operation are described in detail, in addition to real-world applications in the fields of nanoelectronics, biomedical sensing techniques, and advanced semiconductor research. Including numerous illustrations to help readers understand these phenomena, this is an essential resource for researchers and professional engineers working on semiconductor dTrade Review'This is a very interesting and advanced book that gives a deep introduction to and explanation of the physics behind nanowire transistors … It is well written, organized, and self-explanatory, and can be used as a reference by those who wish to enter into the field of nanowire and nanostructure-based electronics. The book has many up-to-date references and clear and precise text with plenty of figures and diagrams, and therefore is a fundamental resource. … This is a well-organized book wherein the preceding chapters are used as the basis for understanding the following ones. … [It] is suitable for graduate researchers in materials science and semiconductor devices as well as engineers who want deeper insight into the explanation of nanowire-based devices.' Joana Vaz Pinto, MRS BulletinTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Introduction; 2. Multigate and nanowire transistors; 3. Synthesis and fabrication of semiconductor nanowires; 4. Quantum mechanics in one-dimension; 5. Nanowire electronic structure; 6. Charge transport in quasi-1D nanostructures; 7. Nanowire transistor circuits; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisOptogenetics - a revolutionary technique combining genetic and optical methods to observe and control the function of neurons - has huge potential, with applications from brain circuits and sleep to neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. This book is a reference for researchers and graduate students, as well as for those working in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries.Trade Review'Optogenetics has transformed neuroscience and has become a key element of the toolkit used by thousands of labs worldwide. If anyone needs convincing that the field of optogenetics has come of age, this book provides compelling evidence. Written by leading experts in the field and covering the gamut of optogenetics research from tool development and use in basic research through to translational applications, Optogenetics exemplifies how this technique now illuminates all areas of neuroscience research.' Michael Hausser, University College London,''Let there be light'. Or more precisely, deliver the needed wavelength at appropriate power, with high temporal and spatial resolution if you want to figure out how brain circuits work. This volume has many excellent chapters and the right toolbox for the job.' György Buzsáki, Neuroscience Institute and Langone Medical Center, New York University'Optogenetics is a unique compilation of articles by some of the key experts in the field covering the entire breadth of topics from molecular mechanisms, via hands-on application tips all the way to clinical use and ethical implications as well as a detailed and accurate historical perspective. For this still rapidly developing field it will become a must-read and core reference for novices and experts alike.' Andreas Schaefer, he Francis Crick Institute, London'Both the expert and novice, alike, will find this to be a valuable resource that covers multiple aspects of the Optogenetics field, from its history through to current scientific and potential clinical applications.' Michelle M. Sidor, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, MassachusettsTable of ContentsList of contributors; Foreword; Preface; List of abbreviations; Part I. Optogenetics in Model Organisms: 1. Introduction to optogenetics: from neuronal function to mapping and disease biology; 2. Uncovering key neurons for manipulation in mammals; 3. From connectome to function: using optogenetics to shed light on the Caenorhabditis elegans nervous system; 4. From synapse to behaviour: optogenetic tools for investigation of the Caenorhabditis elegans nervous system; 5. Using optogenetics in vivo to stimulate regeneration in Xenopus laevis; Part II. Opsin Biology, Tools and Technology Platform: 6. Sodium and engineered potassium light-driven pumps; 7. Simultaneous electrophysiology and optogenetic stimulation methods; 8. Role of electrical activity in horizontal axon growth in the developing cortex: a time-lapse study using optogenetic stimulation; 9. Development of an optogenetic tool to regulate protein stability in vivo; 10. Photo-activatable nucleotide cyclases for synthetic photobiology applications; 11. Bioluminescence activation of light-sensing molecules; Part III. Optogenetics in Neurobiology, Brain Circuits and Plasticity: 12. Optogenetics for neurological disorders: what is a path to the clinic?; 13. Optogenetic control of astroglia; 14. Optogenetics for neurohormones and neuropeptides: focus on oxytocin; 15. Optogenetic approaches to investigate brain circuits; 16. Optogenetic mapping of neuronal connections and their plasticity; Part IV. Optogenetics in Learning, Neuro-psychiatric Diseases and Behavior: 17. Optogenetics to study reward learning and addiction; 18. Optogenetics and the dissection of neural circuits underlying depression and substance-use disorders; 19. Optogenetics research in behavioral neuroscience: insights into the brain basis of reward learning and goal-directed behavior; 20. An optogenetic approach to treat epilepsy; 21. Using optogenetics and stem cells-derived neural engraftment techniques to restore lost motor function; Part V. Optogenetics in Vision Restoration and Memory: 22. Optogenetics in treating retinal disease; 23. Optogenetics for vision recovery: from traditional to designer optogenetic tools; 24. A promise of vision restoration; 25. Holographic Optical Neural Interfacing (HONI) with retinal neurons; 26. Strategies for restoring vision by transducing a channelrhodopsin gene into retinal ganglion cells; 27. Optogenetic dissection of a top-down prefrontal-to-hippocampus memory circuit; Part VI. Optogenetics in Sleep, Prosthetics and Epigenetics of Neurodegenerative Diseases: 28. Optogenetic dissection of sleep-wake control: evidence for a thalamic control of sleep architecture; 29. Optogenetics and auditory implants; 30. Optogenetic stimulation for cochlear prosthetics; 31. The role of amino acids in neurodegenerative and addictive diseases; 32. Applications of combinations of deep brain stimulation and optogenetics: ethical considerations: an epilogue.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis comprehensive resource covers everything you need to know about small cell networks, from design, to analysis, optimization and deployment. Detailing fundamental concepts as well as more advanced topics, and describing emerging trends, challenges and recent research results, this book explains how you can improve performance, decision making, resource management, and energy efficiency in next generation wireless networks. Key topics covered include green small cell networks and associated trade-offs, optimized design and performance analysis, backhauling and traffic overloading, context-aware self-organizing networks, deployment strategies and mobility management in large scale HetNets. Written by leading experts in academia and industry and including tools and techniques for small cell network design and deployment, this is an ideal resource for graduate students, researchers and industry practitioners working in communications and networking.Trade Review'Small cell networks are poised to play an important role in the communications technologies of the 2020s and beyond, particularly in fifth generation wireless systems. Edited by well-known experts from university and industry, this is the defining book on this topic and is a must-have for a researcher [or] engineer in this field.' Vijay Bhargava, University of British ColumbiaTable of Contents1. Mobility performance optimization for 3GPP LTE HetNets Kathiravetpillai Sivanesan, Jialin Zou, Subramanian Vasudevan and Sudeep Palat; 2. Design and performance analysis of multi-radio small cell networks Nageen Himayat, Shu-ping Yeh, Shilpa Talwar, Mikhail Gerasimenko, Sergey Andreev and Yevgeni Koucheryavy; 3. Dynamic TDD small cell management Cheng-Chih Chao, Yi-Ting Lin and Hung-Yu Wei; 4. 3GPP RAN standards for small cells Weimin Xiao, Jialing Liu and Anthony C. K. Soong; 5. Dense networks of small cells Jialing Liu, Weimin Xiao and Anthony C. K. Soong; 6. Traffic offloading scenarios for heterogeneous networks Adrian Kliks, Nikos Dimitriou, Andreas Zalonis and Oliver Holland; 7. Required number of small-cell access points in heterogeneous wireless networks S. Alireza Banani, Andrew Eckford and Raviraj Adve; 8. Small cell deployments: system scenarios, performance and analysis Mark C. Reed and Jackson Wang; 9. Temporary cognitive small cell networks for rapid and emergency deployments Akram Al-Hourani, Sithamparanathan Kandeepan and Senthuran Arunthavanathan; 10. Long-term evolution (LTE) and LTE-advanced activities in small cell networks Qi Jiang, Jinsong Wu, Lu Zhang and Shengjie Zhao; 11. Game theory and learning techniques for self-organization in small cell networks Prabodini Semasinghe, Kun Zhu, Ekram Hossain and Alagan Anpalagan; 12. Energy efficient strategies with BS sleep mode in green small cell networks Hong Zhang and Jun Cai; 13. Mobility management in small cell heterogeneous networks Peter Legg and Xavier Gelabert; 14. The art of deploying small cells: field trial experiments, system design, performance prediction and deployment feasibility Doru Calin, Aliye Ozge Kaya, Amine Abouliatim, Gonçalo Ferrada and Ionel Petrut; 15. Centralized self-optimization of interference management in LTE-A HetNets Yasir Khan, Berna Sayrac and Eric Moulines; 16. Self organized ICIC for SCN Lorenza Giupponi, Ali Imran and Ana Maria Galindo; 17. Large scale deployment and scalability Iris Barcia, Simon Chapman and Chris Beale; 18. Energy efficient heterogeneous networks Y. Qi, M. A. Imran, M. Z. Shakir and K. A. Qaraqe; 19. Time and frequency domain e-ICIC with single and multiflow carrier aggregation in HetNets Meryem Simsek, Mehdi Bennis and Ismail Guvenc.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe dream of control over human behaviour is an old dream, shared by many cultures. This fascinating account of the histories of human engineering describes how technologies of managing individuals and groups were developed from the nineteenth century to the present day, ranging from brainwashing and mind control to Dale Carnegie''s art of dealing with people. Derksen reveals that common to all of them is the perpetual tension between the desire to control people''s behaviour and the resistance this provokes. Thus to influence other people successfully, technology had to be combined with tact: with a personal touch, with a subtle hint, or with outright deception, manipulations are made palatable or invisible. Combining psychological history and theory with insights from science and technology studies and rhetorical scholarship, Derksen offers a fresh perspective on human engineering that will appeal to those interested in the history of psychology and the history of technology.Trade Review'Reflecting his own subtlety, sensitivity and wit, Maarten Derksen crafts a persuasive analysis of the tact and technologies involved in the dealings between people and machines, brains and behaviour. Hard to put down once you've started reading!' Douwe Draaisma, University of Groningen, Netherlands'Histories of Human Engineering: Tact and Technology delivers a radical and thoroughly appealing approach to understanding the aspirations to effectively control human behavior. Eschewing the time-worn critiques of the manipulation of people and notions of human docility that undergird control technologies, Derksen engages empirical evidence from these technologies to show how they demonstrate the vibrant human presence of resistance, judgment, habit, and indeterminacy.' Jill Morawski, Wesleyan University, Connecticut'In this richly impressive work, Derksen shows how the historical projects of psychology re-envisage and re-engineer how the human is managed and resisted. Whilst psychologists will see their discipline in a new and fascinating light, Derksen has also made a significant and compelling intervention into the debate about the emergence of the modern subject.' Steven Brown, University of Leicester'Winner of the 2018 Cheiron Book Prize, Maarten Derksen's (2017) Histories of Human Engineering: Tact and Technology is a deeply‐researched, broad‐ranging study of human engineering in the behavioral, psychological, and social sciences, and beyond.' Edward K. Morris, Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences'In Histories of Human Engineering, Maarten Derksen, a historian of psychology at the University of Groningen, presents a well-informed overview, ranging from Frederick Taylor's scientific management to the current craze for 'neuromarketing'. … the book teaches an important lesson about the limitations of both human engineering and the human sciences …' Ruud Abma, Isis'For historians of social science, the book is innovative in that the interface between social science and technology is investigated rather than presumed or critiqued a priori, and because it addresses the friction between the disciplines of sociology, psychology, and political science without presenting siloed disciplinary histories.' Bregje F. van Eekelen, Technology and CultureTable of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Tact and technology; 3. Scientific management and the human factor; 4. 'Social technology'; 5. Dale Carnegie and the fine art of dealing with people; 6. Karl Popper's social technology and the personal element; 7. Tactful leadership; 8. Mind control; 9. The priming saga: the subtle technology of psychological experimentation; Conclusion.

Read more less

Book SynopsisMagnetism in carbon nanostructures is a rapidly expanding field of current materials science. This comprehensive survey of the subject provides an in-depth understanding of both the fundamental nature of the topic, as well as its groundbreaking nanotechnological applications, of interest to anyone studying or working in the field.Trade Review'The aim of this book is to bring together the work of physicists, chemists, and materials scientists in a single, self-contained volume. This overview of current magnetic carbon nanostructure research is aimed primarily toward graduate students and researchers; ideally, readers will have an advanced undergraduate understanding of thermodynamics and quantum mechanics. Taking into account the varied backgrounds of his readers, however, Hagelberg first presents separate introductions to magnetism and carbon nanostructures. The remaining four sections, the book's core material, present intrinsic magnetism, magnetic transport phenomena, and composite materials. The author no doubt had to make some difficult decisions to keep the text to a reasonable length. Any concerns readers may have about scope, however, are ameliorated by a set of thorough appendixes and a website of additional material; the author has posted additional sections that provide deeper, more detailed content.' E. Kincanon, Choice'Hagelberg's interesting volume summarises and explains the progress that has been made in developing and understanding the magnetism found in carbon-containing materials. More than that, Hagelberg puts these new developments into context, carefully explaining the underlying physical principles … This is a thorough and clearly written account of a fast-moving field.' Stephen J. Blundell, Contemporary PhysicsTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Magnetic carbon nanostructures; Part I. Theories and Methods: 2. Basic notions of magnetism; 3. The tools: computational and experimental techniques; Part II. Carbon and its Nanoscale Allotropes: 4. Graphene; 5. Carbon nanotubes; 6. Fullerenes; Part III. Spin Effects in Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes: 7. Magnetic textures at edges and defect sites; 8. Spin-orbit coupling in carbon nanostructures; Part IV. Transport Phenomena: 9. Elements of spintronics; 10. Spin transport in carbon nanostructures; 11. Magnetotransport; Part V. Composite Materials: 12. Impurities; 13. Networks of carbon clusters; 14. Medical applications; Afterword; References; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe new research field of Ambient/Active Assisted Living (AAL) is quickly evolving. Ambient Integrated Robotics provides an easy-to-understand medical perspective to architects, designers, and engineers, bridging the different disciplines and showing how they fuse together to create the future of AAL technology. Using robotics as an example, the book illustrates how embedding its subsystems results in unique ambient technology that can be used to help people, particularly in adapting to the needs of the unwell and elderly populations. You will be provided with the knowledge and tools to contribute to the future of AAL. The Cambridge Handbooks on Construction Robotics series gives professionals, researchers, lecturers, and students basic conceptual and technical skills and strategies to manage, research, or teach the implementation of advanced automation, and robot-technology-based processes and technologies in construction. Books discuss progress in robot systems theory and demonstrateTable of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Basic knowledge, strategies, and procedures; 3. Built environment upgrading for AAL (BeuAAL); 4. Existing AAL products; 5. Research and developments projects for AAL systems; 6. Future trends and developments.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis textbook integrates classic principles of flow through porous media with recently developed stochastic analyses to provide new insight on subsurface hydrology. Importantly, each of the authors has extensive experience in both academia and the world of applied groundwater hydrology. The book not only presents theories but also emphasizes their underlying assumptions, limitations, and the potential pitfalls that may occur as a result of blind application of the theories as ''cookie-cutter'' solutions. The book has been developed for advanced-level courses on groundwater fluid flow, hydraulics, and hydrogeology, in either civil and environmental engineering or geoscience departments. It is also a valuable reference text for researchers and professionals in civil and environmental engineering, geology, soil science, environmental science, and petroleum and mining engineering.Trade Review'The text overall is well-organized, and the content is well-presented for a short, specialized textbook, with organized prose that makes liberal use of section headings and typesetting to highlight key concepts. Color line-drawings, plots, and a few pictures add to the appeal of the text as well, visually conveying difficult concepts such as spatial correlation and cross-correlation fields. Each chapter is nicely summarized through a key list of take-home points, and ends with a short set of exercises that test conceptual and quantitative understanding … The content of the book assumes only a basic background in fluid mechanics or hydrogeology, and thus can serve as a relatively self-contained reference on pumping-test models … Chapter 9, in particular, sets this book apart from classical pumping-test analyses through its presentation of the stochastic modeling approach and discussion of hydraulic tomography.' Michael Cardiff, GroundwaterTable of Contents1. Fluid statics and dynamics; 2. Darcy's law for saturated porous media; 3. Darcy's law for saturated unporous media; 4. Stochastic conceptualization of heterogeneity; 5. Governing equations for flow through heterogeneous conceptual models; 6. Equivalent homogeneous media conceptual models; 7. Flow toward a well due to pumping, part 1; 8. Flow toward a well due to pumping, part 2; 9. Stochastic approaches.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWritten by a pioneer in the field, this text provides a complete introduction to X-ray microscopy, providing all of the technical background required to use, understand and even develop X-ray microscopes. Starting from the basics of X-ray physics and focusing optics, it goes on to cover imaging theory, tomography, chemical and elemental analysis, lensless imaging, computational methods, instrumentation, radiation damage, and cryomicroscopy, and includes a survey of recent scientific applications. Designed as a ''one-stop'' text, it provides a unified notation, and shows how computational methods in different areas are linked with one another. Including numerous derivations, and illustrated with dozens of examples throughout, this is an essential text for academics and practitioners across engineering, the physical sciences and the life sciences who use X-ray microscopy to analyze their specimens, as well as those taking courses in X-ray microscopy.Trade Review'This magnificent treatise, beautifully printed (in Singapore) by Cambridge University Press, covers the subject methodically in twelve chapters … The tone is relaxed but rigorous, there is no sacrifice of exactitude to readability, though readability is certainly a priority …' P.W. Hawkes, Ultramicroscopy'This text provides an in-depth examination of X-ray microscopy … Though the title suggests the volume focuses on a narrow topic, the fact that almost half the book covers broader physics and microscopy topics makes it potentially relevant to a much wider audience. Readers with the necessary background can take advantage of the mathematical explanations behind the physics. All readers can enjoy the limericks that conclude each chapter.' T. P. Owen Jr., ChoiceTable of Contents1. X-ray microscopes: a short introduction; 2. A bit of history; 3. X-ray physics; 4. Imaging Physics; 5. X-ray focusing optics; 6. X-ray microscope systems; 7. X-ray microscope instrumentation; 8. X-ray tomography; 9. X-ray spectromicroscopy; 10. Coherent imaging; 11. Radiation damage and cryo microscopy; 12. Applications, and future prospects.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWith this self-contained and comprehensive text, students and researchers will gain a detailed understanding of the fundamental aspects of the hydrodynamic control of wave energy converters. Such control is necessary to maximise energy capture for a given device configuration and plays a major role in efforts to make wave energy economic. Covering a wide range of disciplines, the reader is taken from the mathematical and technical fundamentals, through the main pillars of wave energy hydrodynamic control, right through to state-of-the-art algorithms for hydrodynamic control. The various operating principles of wave energy converters are exposed and the unique aspects of the hydrodynamic control problem highlighted, with a variety of potential solutions discussed. Supporting material on wave forecasting and the interaction of the hydrodynamic control problem with other aspects of wave energy device optimisation, such as device geometry optimisation and optimal device array layout, is alTrade Review'… the object of the book is a natural marriage between wave energy and control engineering. As a whole, the book can provide those involved in the development of wave energy converters, especially in tasks related to hydrodynamic modelling and power take-off, with the background required to use the tools of control engineering to improve the design and performance of the converter. Conversely, the book gives the control engineer the hydrodynamics and related fundamentals to move forward in his wave energy conversion studies. Boxes and numerical examples can be found along the text for better understanding of the theory. The book is highly recommended for all professionals and researchers involved in the design and control of wave energy converters. It is also suitable as a textbook for postgraduate studies in this field.' António F. O. Falcão, Journal of Ocean Engineering and Marine EnergyTable of ContentsPart I. Introduction: 1. Wave energy conversion; Part II. The Basics: 2. Introduction to control engineering; 3. Bodies oscillating in air; 4. Bodies oscillating in water; Part III. The Hydrodynamics: 5. Nature of the wave input; 6. A closer look at wave energy hydrodynamics; Part IV. Velocity Control Using a Hydrodynamic Model: 7. Reactive control in time domain; 8. A causal real-time controller for WECs; Part V. Control by Optimizing a Performance Index: 9. Non-reactive switching control; 10. Optimal numerical control of wave energy converters; 11. Control strategies for WEC arrays; 12. Wave forecasting for control; Part VI. Towards Overall WEC System Hydrodynamic Optimisation: 13. Position and force constraint analysis and optimisation; 14. Interaction between control and optimum system design; Part VII. In Closing: 15. Conclusion; Bibliography; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisFoundations of Gas Dynamics covers supersonic and subsonic flow phenomena where compressibility of the fluid cannot be ignored. It finds application in jet and rocket propulsion systems as well as handling industrial gas flow at high speeds. Students and engineers in the mechanical, aerospace, and chemical disciplines will find it useful. It begins with basic concepts such as isentropic flows, shock, and supersonic expansion waves in one dimension. These are followed by one-dimensional flows with friction and heat exchange. Two-dimensional theory with small perturbations is presented, with its applications illustrated by supersonic airfoils. Method of characteristics is used for flows with two independent variables, either with two spatial coordinates or with time variations in one dimension. In later chapters, acoustic wave propagation, supersonic flow combustion, and unsteady shock formation are treated thoroughly. The book ends with a chapter on basic hypersonic flow, with a discussTrade Review'… the book can be attractive for lecturers, in particular because it contains numerous examples.' Sergey Utyuzhnikov, The Aeronautical JournalTable of Contents1. Properties and kinetic theory of gases; 2. Basic equations and thermodynamics of compressible flow; 3. Acoustic wave and flow regime; 4. One-dimensional isentropic flow, shock, and expansion waves; 5. One-dimensional flows in channels; 6. One-dimensional flows with friction; 7. One-dimensional flows with heat transfer; 8. Equations of multidimensional frictionless flow subject to small perturbation; 9. Applications of small perturbation theory; 10. Method of characteristics for two independent variables; 11. Unsteady flow; 12. Introduction to inviseid hypersonic flows.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWith this self-contained, introductory text, readers will easily understand the fundamentals of microwave and radar image generation. Written with the complete novice in mind, and including an easy-to-follow introduction to electromagnetic scattering theory, it covers key topics such as forward models of scattering for interpreting S-parameter and time-dependent voltage data, S-parameters and their analytical sensitivity formulae, basic methods for real-time image reconstruction using frequency-sweep and pulsed-radar signals, and metrics for evaluating system performance. Numerous application examples and practical tutorial exercises provided throughout allow quick understanding of key concepts, and sample MATLAB codes implementing key reconstruction algorithms accompany the book online. This one-stop resource is ideal for graduate students taking introductory courses in microwave imaging, as well as researchers and industry professionals wanting to learn the fundamentals of the field.Trade Review'Natalia Nikolova has created an outstanding, self-contained resource for students, researchers and practitioners in the field of microwave imaging. The clarity, depth, and breadth of this masterful treatise are hallmarks of her exceptional talents as a distinguished researcher and educator. She leads the reader through a compelling landscape of field theory, computational electromagnetics, and technology to the cutting edge of microwave imaging. This book is a 'must read' for students and experts alike.' Wolfgang J. R. Hoefer, University of Victoria'In this reference book, Natalia Nikolova has opportunely and comprehensively gathered together different microwave image reconstruction algorithms as resulting from various processing options of Maxwell's equations, in frequency or time domains. As such, it constitutes an extremely useful toolbox with practical operating guidance enabling all those, firstcomers, students or experienced researchers and engineers, faced with microwave imaging applications to select the best suited algorithm for their test cases, implement it on a computer and, finally, evaluate its performance according to different image quality criteria.' Jean-Charles Bolomey, Université de Paris XITable of Contents1. Scalar wave models in electromagnetic scattering; 2. Electromagnetic scattering: the vector model; 3. Scattering parameters in microwave imaging; 4. Linear inversion in real space; 5. Linear inversion in Fourier space; 6. Performance metrics in imaging; 7. Looking forward: nonlinear reconstruction; Appendix A. Maxwell's equations; Appendix B. The electromagnetic vector wave and Helmholtz equations; Appendix C. Scalarized electromagnetic models; Appendix D. Causal, acausal and adjoint solutions to the wave equation; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisSince the beginning of the US shale gas revolution in 2005, the development of unconventional oil and gas resources has gathered tremendous pace around the world. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the key geologic, geophysical, and engineering principles that govern the development of unconventional reservoirs. The book begins with a detailed characterization of unconventional reservoir rocks: their composition and microstructure, mechanical properties, and the processes controlling fault slip and fluid flow. A discussion of geomechanical principles follows, including the state of stress, pore pressure, and the importance of fractures and faults. After reviewing the fundamentals of horizontal drilling, multi-stage hydraulic fracturing, and stimulation of slip on pre-existing faults, the key factors impacting hydrocarbon production are explored. The final chapters cover environmental impacts and how to mitigate hazards associated with induced seismicity. This text provides Trade Review'Zoback and Kohli's thoughtful and comprehensive examination of the critical role that geomechanics plays in unlocking the potential of unconventional reservoirs is a powerful resource for any engineer or geoscientist working in this arena.' Peter H. Hennings, University of Texas'In this timely and important book, Zoback and Kohli draw on over ten years of research to describe in detail the full breadth of impact that geomechanics has on unconventional reservoir development. This book will benefit all involved with the fast-moving field of applied geomechanics, providing a good grounding of the basics to those new to the field and new insights to current practitioners.' Steve Willson, Apache Corporation'This book is sorely needed, long overdue, and should be required reading for both academics and industry professionals working in the unconventional reservoir space. While focused on geomechanics, the book contains information relevant to all aspects of the development of unconventional reservoirs, ranging from basin analysis and sweet spot identification to risk assessment associated with hydraulic fracturing and produced water injection. This book addresses some misconceptions about the mechanical properties of unconventional shales, and challenges common assumptions regarding the variation in horizontal stress as a function of depth. Perhaps most importantly, the book provides practical advice for optimizing the stimulation of unconventional reservoirs.' Paul Hagin, Chevron Corporation'This book is a comprehensive reference and text for unconventional reservoir geomechanics and represents learnings from 11 years of research on the topic at Stanford University. It is state of the art and up to date with current industry practice and the latest research in the field. The book serves as the text for an edX Stanford Online course that I had the pleasure of auditing. The edX course was great, and it followed the book closely, with the authors as lecturers. There is also a reservoir geomechanics edX course that follows Zoback's previous textbook. I recommend both courses and both books. This is a well-illustrated and readable textbook with real-world examples. It is well suited for students, an excellent introduction for those new to the field, and a great reference for researchers and professionals.' Dimitri Bevc, The Leading Edge, Society of Exploration GeophysicistsTable of ContentsPart I. Physical Properties of Unconventional Reservoirs: 1. Introduction; 2. Composition, fabric, elastic properties and anisotropy; 3. Strength and ductility; 4. Frictional properties; 5. Pore networks and pore fluids; 6. Flow and sorption; 7. Stress, pore pressure, fractures and faults; Part II. Stimulating Production from Unconventional Rservoirs: 8. Horizontal drilling and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing; 9. Reservoir seismology; 10. Induced shear slip during hydraulic fracturing; 11. Geomechanics and stimulation optimization; 12. Production and depletion; Part III. Environmental Impacts and Induced Seismicity: 13. Environmental impacts and induced seismicity; 14. Managing the risk of injection-induced seismicity; References; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisContinuum mechanics studies the foundations of deformable body mechanics from a mathematical perspective. It also acts as a base upon which other applied areas such as solid mechanics and fluid mechanics are developed. This book discusses some important topics, which have come into prominence in the latter half of the twentieth century, such as material symmetry, frame-indifference and thermomechanics. The study begins with the necessary mathematical background in the form of an introduction to tensor analysis followed by a discussion on kinematics, which deals with purely geometrical notions such as strain and rate of deformation. Moving on to derivation of the governing equations, the book also presents applications in the areas of linear and nonlinear elasticity. In addition, the volume also provides a mathematical explanation to the axioms and laws of deformable body mechanics, and its various applications in the field of solid mechanics.Table of ContentsList of figures; List of tables; Preface; Notations; 1. Introduction to tensors; 2. Kinematics, 3. Balance laws; 4. Constitutive equations; 5. Nonlinear elasticity; 6. Linearized elasticity; 7. Thermomechanics; 8. Rigid-body dynamics; Appendices; Bibliography; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book provides a fundamental description of multiphase flow through porous rock, with an emphasis on the understanding of displacement processes at the pore, or micron, scale. The treatment is pedagogical, making it an excellent reference for hydrology and environmental engineering students, as well as for industry professionals.Trade Review'This brilliant and original textbook integrates the most up-to-date understanding of the physics of fluid transport through porous media with recent advances in digital rock physics. The result provides fresh insight into multiphase fluid flow and transport to benefit students and researchers alike.' Anthony Kovscek, Stanford University, California'This beautifully written and elegantly illustrated book uses the latest theoretical and experimental insights to provide the most comprehensive review of the fundamental physical and chemical processes that occur at the pore-scale during multi-phase flow in permeable media … a much needed contribution that will impact geoscientists and engineers from both academia and industry, for years to come.' Sebastian Geiger, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh'This book quickly has become one of my all-time favorite textbooks .… the mix of original papers, classic works, review papers, and textbooks, together with an expansive and up-to-date collection of current literature, is one of the strongest points of the book. The reference list alone is worth the cost of this volume … This is one of those rare books that hits the fine balance between superficial and too much detail … I highly recommend Multiphase Flow in Permeable Media (Blunt 2017) to anyone interested in the flow of immiscible fluids in the subsurface.' Benjamin J. Rostron, Groundwater'This first-edition book is available in electronic and hardcover formats and is well illustrated with figures. It is a well-organized volume.' Amit Padhi, The Leading EdgeTable of ContentsList of symbols; Preface; 1. Interfacial curvature and contact angle; 2. Porous media and fluid displacement; 3. Primary drainage; 4. Imbibition and trapping; 5. Wettability and displacement paths; 6. Navier–Stokes equations, Darcy's law and multiphase flow; 7. Relative permeability; 8. Three-phase flow; 9. Solutions to equations for multiphase flow; Appendix A. Exercises; References; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWith this definitive guide to radio spectrum management, you will learn from leading practitioners how spectrum can be managed effectively and made available both now and in the future. All aspects of spectrum management are covered in depth, from the fundamentals of radio spectrum and technical and economic basics, to detail on methods such as auctions, trading, and pricing, and emerging approaches including shared and dynamic spectrum access and new ways of licensing. With the help of real-world case studies, you will learn how this knowledge comes together in practice, as the authors illustrate the role of spectrum in the wider economy and offer valuable insights into key future trends. Authoritative and up to date, and bringing together the key technical, economic, and policy issues into one definitive resource, this is the essential guide for anyone working or studying in areas related to radio spectrum management.Trade Review'This is an excellent book, and the nearest approximation to a page-turner any work on spectrum management could hope to be.' Paul Paterson, Chief Economist, Department of Communications, Australian Government'Cave and Webb are at the forefront of knowledge in spectrum management issues. They combine the best possible understanding of the stakes and challenges, with extensive industry and policy experience. This book is the must read for those involved in radio spectrum affairs in the industry and the government.' Gerard Pogorel, ENST-Telecom ParisTech'Martin Cave and William Webb are thought leaders in the field of spectrum management. Not have only have they come up with new engineering and policy ideas, they have implemented them as well, which makes this book essential reading.' Martin Sims, Policy TrackerTable of ContentsPart I. Introduction: 1. Overview; 2. Technical basics; 3. Economic basics; Part II. Markets: 4. Auctions; 5. Trading; 6. Pricing; Part III. Sharing: 7. Sharing modes and the commons; 8. Dynamic spectrum access; Part IV. Topics: 9. The UHF band; 10. Public sector; 11. Economic value of spectrum; 12. The future.

Read more less

Book SynopsisTea is big business. After water, tea is believed to be the most widely consumed beverage in the world. And yet, as productivity increases, the real price of tea declines while labour costs continue to rise. Tea remains a labour intensive industry. With a distinguished career spanning over 50 years and rich experience in diverse crops, Mike Carr is eminently qualified to indulge in an intelligent discourse on tea agronomy. In addition to a comprehensive review of the principal tea growing regions worldwide in terms of structure, productivity and principal constraints, he has attempted to question and seeks to find the associated experimental evidence needed to support current and future crop management practices. The book will assist all those involved in the tea industry to become creative thinkers and to question accepted practices. International in content, it will appeal to practitioners and students from tea growing countries worldwide.Trade Review'An exquisite work describing the major aspects of tea planting and cultivation, written by Professor M. K. V. Carr, a famous scholar in this field. I believe this book will be a distinguished addition to the world of tea science.' Zong-Mao Chen, Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, ChinaTable of ContentsForeword V. S. Sharma; Preface: it all depends; Acknowledgements; 1. Karibuni! Welcome to you all; 2. The world of tea: a geriatric problem; 3. A changing climate: stay cool!; 4. Taxonomic delight: only plant the best!; 5. The well-bred tea bush: developing high-yielding clones R. H. V Corley and G. K. Tuwei; 6. Planting and replanting: who ever said this was simple?; 7. Understanding the growth processes: creating a framework; 8. Roots exposed: life underground; 9. We are only growing leaves: source or sink?; 10. Plucks shoots, and leaves: looking after the children; 11. Machine-assisted harvesting: the need of the hour M. K. V. Carr and C. J. Flowers; 12. Hidden hunger and intelligent guesswork: we can only build on what has gone before; 13. Pores for thought: gaseous exchange; 14. More pores for thought: the answer lies in the soil; 15. Water productivity: more crop per drop; 16. A shady business: teas need trees; 17. A nice cup of tea: is it made in the field or in the factory?; 18. Fair trade? Smallholders are beautiful; 19. The agronomist's report: a synthesis; 20. Support services: how sustainable is sustainability?; Glossary; References; Further reading; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisDiscover a fresh approach for designing more efficient and cooperative wireless communications networks with this systematic guide. Covering everything from fundamental theory to current research topics, leading researchers describe a new, network-aware coding strategy that exploits the signal interactions that occur in dense wireless networks directly at the waveform level. Using an easy-to-follow, layered structure, this unique text begins with a gentle introduction for those new to the subject, before moving on to explain key information-theoretic principles and establish a consistent framework for wireless physical layer network coding (WPNC) strategies. It provides a detailed treatment of Network Coded Modulation, covers a range of WPNC techniques such as Noisy Network Coding, Compute and Forward, and Hierarchical Decode and Forward, and explains how WPNC can be applied to parametric fading channels, frequency selective channels, and complex stochastic networks. This is essential Table of ContentsPart I. Motivation and General Introduction: 1. Introduction; 2. Wireless physical layer network coding: a gentle introduction; Part II. Fundamental Principles of WPNC: 3. Fundamental principles and system model; 4. Components of WPNC; 5. WPNC in cloud communications; Part III. Design of Source, Relay and Destination Strategies: 6. NCM and hierarchical decoding design for H-MAC; 7. NCM design and processing for parametric channels; 8. NCM design for partial HSI and asymmetric H-MAC; 9. Joint hierarchical interference processing; 10. WPNC in complex stochastic networks; Appendix: background theory and selected fundamentals.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWritten specifically for a one-semester course, this textbook introduces the physical and engineering principles of communication systems using an accessible, yet mathematically rigorous, approach. Beginning with valuable background material on signals and systems, and random processes, the text then guides students through the core topics, including amplitude modulation, pulse modulation, and noise. Key terms and formulae are highlighted throughout to help students identify essential points easily. Worked examples, practice problems, and review questions reinforce concepts and enable students to develop confidence in solving problems on their own. To help visualize the concepts discussed, MATLAB-based exercises and examples are provided throughout, supported by an introductory appendix for students who are new to MATLAB. Each chapter ends with a practical applications section, showing students how concepts are used in real-life communication scenarios and devices. Figures from the booTrade Review'Agbo and Sadiku have done it: they have written the most impressive textbook in the field of communications! Not only have they achieved the difficult task of being technically accurate, they have also achieved the almost impossible task of being easy for students to understand as well as being a fantastic aid to instructors in the field of communications!' Charles K. Alexander, Cleveland State University'Most classic textbooks on communication systems have too much material for a single semester and a lot is left unread. This simplified version gives a quick rundown of the essentials that every electrical and computer engineering student should know and it is easy to read.' Sudarshan Nelatury, Penn State University, BehrendTable of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Signals and systems; 3. Amplitude modulation; 4. Angle modulation; 5. Pulse modulation and transmission; 6. Probability and random processes; 7. Noise in analog communications; 8. Noise in digital communication systems.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book is a comprehensive account of the most recent developments in modern ophthalmic optics. It makes use of the powerful matrix formalism to describe curvature and power, providing a unified view of the optical and geometrical properties of lenses. This unified approach is applicable to the design and properties of not only spectacle lenses, but also contact and intraocular lenses (IOL). The newest developments in lens design, manufacturing and testing are discussed, with an emphasis on the description of free-form technology, which has surpassed traditional manufacturing methods and allows digital lenses to be specifically designed with the unique requirements of the user. Other important topics which are covered include modern lens materials, up-to-date lens measuring techniques, contact and intraocular lenses, progressive power lenses, low vision aids, ocular protection and coatings. Providing a broad overview of recent developments in the field, it is ideal for researchers, mTrade Review'This dense volume (546 pages) is a reasonably comprehensive discussion of various topics in the field. The unique feature of this book is the use of matrix formalism to describe curvature and power of a surface. The matrix formalism is especially useful for analyzing astigmatic systems. There are many good things about this book … it will be an invaluable reference book for researchers and graduate student in ophthalmic optics or for optical engineers who desire to know more about the field.' Vengu Lakshminarayanan, Optics & Photonics NewsTable of ContentsPreface; Acknowledgements; 1. Ophthalmic materials; 2. Surfaces in ophthalmic lenses; 3. Wavefronts and rays; 4. Single vision lenses; 5. The lens-eye system; 6. Aberrations and lens design; 7. Optics of contact and intraocular lenses; 8. Multifocal lenses; 9. Low vision aids and high power lenses; 10. Lens manufacturing and measurement; 11. Filters and coatings; Appendix A. Frames; Appendix B. Introduction to matrix algebra; Appendix C. Introduction to surface geometry; Appendix D. Local dioptric power matrix; Appendix E. Seidel aberrations and Zernike polynomials; Appendix F. Abelès theory of multilayer films; References; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe first book on the topic, with each chapter written by pioneers in the field, this essential resource details the fundamental theory, applications, and future developments of liquid cell electron microscopy. This book describes the techniques that have been developed to image liquids in both transmission and scanning electron microscopes, including general strategies for examining liquids, closed and open cell electron microscopy, experimental design, resolution, and electron beam effects. A wealth of practical guidance is provided, and applications are described in areas such as electrochemistry, corrosion and batteries, nanocrystal growth, biomineralization, biomaterials and biological processes, beam-induced processing, and fluid physics. The book also looks ahead to the future development of the technique, discussing technical advances that will enable higher resolution, analytical microscopy, and even holography of liquid samples. This is essential reading for researchers and pTable of ContentsPart I. Technique: 1. Past, present and future electron microscopy of liquid specimens Niels de Jonge and Frances M. Ross; 2. Encapsulated liquid cells for transmission electron microscopy Eric Jensen and Kristian Mølhave; 3. Imaging liquid processes using open cells in the TEM, SEM, and beyond Chongmin Wang; 4. Membrane based environmental cells for SEM in liquids Andrei Kolmakov; 5. Observations in liquids using an inverted SEM Chikara Sato and Mitsuo Suga; 6. Temperature control in liquid cells for TEM Shen J. Dillon and Xin Chen; 7. Electron beam effects in liquid cell TEM and STEM Nicholas M. Schneider; 8. Resolution in liquid cell experiments Niels de Jonge, Nigel Browning, James E. Evans, See Wee Chee and Frances M. Ross; Part II. Applications: 9. Nanostructure growth, interactions and assembly in the liquid phase Hong-Gang Liao, Kai-Yang Niu and Haimei Zheng; 10. Quantifying electrochemical processes using liquid cell TEM Frances M. Ross; 11. Application of electrochemical liquid cells for electrical energy storage and conversion studies Raymond R. Unocic and Karren L. More; 12. Applications of liquid cell TEM in corrosion science See Wee Chee and M. Grace Burke; 13. Nanoscale water imaged by liquid cell TEM Utkur Mirsaidov and Paul Matsudaira; 14. Nanoscale deposition and etching of materials using focused electron beams and liquid reactants Eugenii U. Donev, Matthew Bresin and J. Todd Hastings; 15. Liquid cell TEM for studying environmental and biological mineral systems Michael H. Nielsen and James J. De Yoreo; 16. Liquid STEM for studying biological function in whole cells Diana B. Peckys and Niels de Jonge; 17. Visualizing macromolecules in liquid at the nanoscale Andrew C. Demmert, Madeline J. Dukes, Elliot Pohlmann, Kaya Patel, A. Cameron Varano, Zhi Sheng, Sarah M. McDonald, Michael Spillman, Utkur Mirsaidov, Paul Matsudaira and Deborah F. Kelly; 18. Application of liquid cell microscopy to study function of muscle proteins Haruo Sugi, Shigeru Chaen, Tsuyoshi Akimoto, Masaru Tanokura, Takuya Miyakawa and Hiroki Minoda; Part III. Prospects: 19. High resolution imaging in the graphene liquid cell Jungwon Park, Vivekananda P. Adiga, Alex Zettl and A. Paul Alivisatos; 20. Analytical electron microscopy during in situ liquid cell studies Megan E. Holtz, David A. Muller and Nestor J. Zaluzec; 21. Spherical and chromatic aberration correction for atomic-resolution liquid cell electron microscopy Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski and Lothar Houben; 22. The potential for imaging dynamic processes in liquids with high temporal resolution Nigel D. Browning and James E. Evans; 23. Future prospects for biomolecular, biomimetic and biomaterials research enabled by new liquid cell electron microscopy techniques Taylor Woehl and Tanya Prozorov.

Read more less

Book SynopsisLearn about the theory, techniques and applications of wavefront shaping in biomedical imaging using this unique text. With authoritative contributions from researchers who are defining the field, cutting-edge theory is combined with real-world practical examples, experimental data and the latest research trends to provide the first book-level treatment of the subject. It is suitable for both background reading and use in a course, with coverage of essential topics such as adaptive optical microscopy, deep tissue microscopy, time reversal and optical phase conjugation, and tomography. The latest images from the forefront of biomedical imaging are included, and full-colour versions are available in the eBook version. Researchers, practitioners and graduate students in optics, biophotonics, biomedical engineering, and biology who use biomedical imaging tools and are looking to advance their knowledge of the subject will find this an indispensable resource.Trade Review'Perusal of this exciting book suggests that combinations of wavefront-shaping techniques with vortex light beams may result in significant advances of deep-tissue imaging of highly scattering live specimens.' Barry R. Masters, Optics and Photonics NewsTable of ContentsPart I. Adaptive Optical Microscopy for Biological Imaging: 1. Adaptive optical microscopy using image-based wavefront sensing Jacopo Antonello, Débora M. Andrade and Martin J. Booth; 2. Adaptive optical microscopy using guide-star based direct wavefront sensing Xiaodong Tao, Oscar Azucena and Joel Kubby; Part II. Deep Tissue Microscopy: 3. Deep tissue fluorescence microscopy Meng Cui; 4. Zonal adaptive optical microscopy for deep tissue imaging Cristina Rodrıguez and Na Ji; Part III. Focusing Light through Turbid Media using the Scattering Matrix: 5. Transmission matrix approach to light control in complex media Sylvain Gigan; 6. Coupling optical wavefront shaping and photoacoustics Emmanuel Bossy; 7. Imaging and controlling light propagation deep within scattering media using time-resolved reflection matrix Youngwoon Choi, Sungsam Kang and Wonshik Choi; Part IV. Focusing Light through Turbid Media using Feedback Optimization: 8. Feedback-based wavefront shaping Ivo M. Vellekoop; 9. Focusing light through scattering media using a micro-electro-mechanical systems spatial light modulator Yang Lu and Hari P. Paudel; 10. Computer-generated holographic techniques to control light propagating through scattering media using a digital-mirror-device spatial light modulator Antonio M. Caravaca-Aguirre and Rafael Piestun; 11. Transmission matrix correlations Roarke Horstmeyer, Ivo M. Vellekoop and Benjamin Judkewitz; Part V. Time Reversal, Optical Phase Conjugation: 12. Reflection matrix approaches in scattering media: from detection to imaging Amaury Badon, Alexandre Aubry and Mathias Fink; 13. Wavefront-engineered optical focusing into scattering media using ultrasound- or perturbation-based guide stars: TRUE, TRAP, SEWS, and PAWS Xiao Xu, Cheng Ma, Puxiang Lai and Lihong V. Wang; Part VI. Shaped Beams for Light Sheet Microscopy: 14. Light-sheet microscopy with wavefront shaped beams: looking deeper into objects and increasing image contrast Alexander Rohrbach; 15. Shaped beams for light sheet imaging and optical manipulation Tom Vettenburg and Kishan Dholakia; Part VII. Tomography: 16. Incoherent illumination tomography and adaptive optics Peng Xiao, Mathias Fink and A. Claude Boccara; 17. Computational adaptive optics for broadband optical interferometric tomography of biological tissue Nathan D. Shemonski, Yuan-Zhi Liu, Fredrick A. South and Stephen A. Boppart.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis comprehensive guide to Bayesian methods in astronomy enables hands-on work by supplying complete R, JAGS, Python, and Stan code, to use directly or to adapt. A must-have for astronomers, its concrete focus on modeling, analysis, and interpretation will also be attractive to researchers in the sciences more broadly.Trade Review'This volume is a very welcome addition to the small but growing library of resources for advanced analysis of astronomical data. Astronomers are often confronted with complex constrained regression problems, situations that benefit from computationally intensive Bayesian approaches. The authors provide a unique and sophisticated guide with tutorials in methodology and software implementation. The worked examples are impressive. Many astronomers use Python and will benefit from the less familiar capabilities of R, Stan, and JAGS for Bayesian analysis. I suspect the work will also be useful to scientists in other fields who venture into the world of Bayesian computational statistics.' Eric D. Feigelson, Pennsylvania State University, author of Modern Statistical Methods for Astronomy'Encyclopaedic in scope, a treasure trove of ready code for the hands-on practitioner.' Ben Wandelt, Paris Institute of Astrophysics, Institut Lagrange de Paris, Université Paris-Sorbonne'This informative book is a valuable resource for astronomers, astrophysicists, and cosmologists at all levels of their career. From students starting out in the field to researchers at the frontiers of data analysis, everyone will find insightful techniques accompanied by helpful examples of code. With this book, Hilbe, de Souza, and Ishida are firmly taking astrostatistics into the twenty-first century.' Roberto Trotta, Imperial College London, author of The Edge of the Sky'… the focus of the book is not on providing a full understanding of how the distributions arise, but to give guidelines on how to write code for applications, including building multi-level models, and here it succeeds well, and is an excellent resource in conjunction with powerful packages such as STAN and JAGS.' Alan Heavens, The ObservatoryTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Astrostatistics; 2. Prerequisites; 3. Frequentist vs Bayesian methods; 4. Normal linear models; 5. GLM part I - continuous and binomial models; 6. GLM part II - count models; 7. GLM part III - zero-inflated and hurdle models; 8. Hierarchical GLMMs; 9. Model selection; 10. Astronomical applications; 11. The future of astrostatistics; Appendix A. Bayesian modeling using INLA; Bibliography; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe past few decades have witnessed remarkable growth in the application of passive seismic monitoring to address a range of problems in geoscience and engineering, from large-scale tectonic studies to environmental investigations. Passive seismic methods are increasingly being used for surveillance of massive, multi-stage hydraulic fracturing and development of enhanced geothermal systems. The theoretical framework and techniques used in this emerging area draw on various established fields, such as earthquake seismology, exploration geophysics and rock mechanics. Based on university and industry courses developed by the author, this book reviews all the relevant research and technology to provide an introduction to the principles and applications of passive seismic monitoring. It integrates up-to-date case studies and interactive online exercises, making it a comprehensive and accessible resource for advanced students and researchers in geophysics and engineering, as well as industryTrade Review'It is now well established that human activities in the subsurface create induced seismicity. While large events can be extremely problematic from both a seismic hazard and operational safety perspective, smaller induced events, known as microseismic events, can tell us a great deal about changes in the subsurface. Eaton provides a clear and comprehensive description of such seismicity, starting from first principles and then progressively taking the reader through to real examples and case studies. A focus is on seismicity associated with oil and gas exploitation, but the book will also appeal to scientists interested in seismicity in a range of other settings (e.g., geothermal, mining, etc.). Eaton has crafted an excellent seismology text for students and earthquake seismologists in general.' Michael Kendall, University of Bristol'Passive Seismic Monitoring of Induced Seismicity is a comprehensive textbook covering basic theoretical concepts of seismic and ancillary topics through to practical implementation in industrial settings. The book is an essential reference text on this topical technology.' Shawn Maxwell, Itasca Microseismic and Geomechanical Evaluation'This comprehensive text is a much-needed and timely overview of topics related to seismic monitoring of induced earthquakes. It not only provides a thorough treatment of how microseismic monitoring is done and the data are analyzed, it provides a valuable overview of how and why injection-induced seismicity occurs.' Mark Zoback, Stanford University, CaliforniaTable of ContentsPreface; List of symbols; Part I. Fundamentals of Passive Seismic Monitoring: 1. Constitutive relations and elastic deformation; 2. Failure criteria and anelastic deformation; 3. Seismic waves and sources; 4. Stress measurement and hydraulic fracturing; Part II. Applications of Passive Seismic Monitoring: 5. Passive-seismic data acquisition; 6. Downhole microseismic processing; 7. Surface and shallow-array microseismic processing; 8. Microseismic interpretation; 9. Induced seismicity; Appendix A. Glossary; Appendix B. Signal-processing essentials; Appendix C. Data formats; References; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWith full color throughout, this unique text provides an accessible yet rigorous introduction to the basic principles, technology, and applications of nanophotonics. It explains key physical concepts such as quantum confinement in semiconductors, light confinement in metal and dielectric nanostructures, and wave coupling in nanostructures, and describes how they can be applied in lighting sources, lasers, photonic circuitry, and photovoltaic systems. Readers will gain an intuitive insight into the commercial implementation of nanophotonic components, in both current and potential future devices, as well as challenges facing the field. The fundamentals of semiconductor optics, optical material properties, and light propagation are included, and new and emerging fields such as colloidal photonics, Si-based photonics, nanoplasmonics, and bioinspired photonics are all discussed. This is the ''go-to'' guide for graduate students and researchers in electrical engineering who are interested iTrade Review'This book addresses one of the major recent topics in photonics. It is filling a gap, as for the first time applications of nanophotonics are properly introduced and discussed. It is written by two world-renowned experts in the field, and will represent an unmissable title for anyone wishing to pursue investigations in this topic.' Pierre-Michel Adam, Université de Technologie de Troyes'This authoritative text by Professors Gaponenko and Demir is a comprehensive guide to the rapidly growing field of applied nanophotonics. The authors guide the reader through the basics of nanophotonics in an accessible manner, describing both electron and electromagnetic wave confinement. The book goes on to describe advanced light sources, photonic circuitry, photovoltaics, colloidal photonics and biosensing. It is essential reading for graduate students, researchers, and professionals working in nanophotonics.' Tatiana Perova, Trinity College DublinTable of Contents1. Introduction; Part I. Basics: 2. Electrons in potential wells and in solids; 3. Quantum confinement effects in semiconductors; 4. Light waves in restricted geometries; 5. Spontaneous emission of photons and lifetime engineering; 6. Stimulated emission and lasing; 7. Energy transfer processes; Part II. Advances and Challenges: 8. Lighting with nanostructures; 9. Lasers; 10. Photonic circuitry; 11. Photovoltaics; 12. Emerging nanophotonics.

Read more less

Book SynopsisRichly illustrated, and including both an extensive bibliography and index, this indispensable guide brings together the theory, design, and applications of atmospheric radar. It explains the basic thermodynamics and dynamics of the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere, and discusses the physical and engineering principles behind one of the key tools used to study these regions - MST radars. Key topics covered include antennas, signal propagation, and signal processing techniques. A wide range of practical applications are discussed, including the use of atmospheric radar to study wind profiles, tropospheric temperature, and gravity waves. A detailed overview of radar designs provides a wealth of knowledge and tools, providing readers with a strong basis for building their own instruments. This is an essential resource for graduate students and researchers working in the areas of radar engineering, remote sensing, meteorology, and atmospheric physics, as well as for practitioners in the radar industry.Table of Contents1. An overview of the atmosphere; 2. The history of radar in atmospheric investigations; 3. Refractive index of the atmosphere and ionosphere; 4. Fundamental concepts of radar remote sensing; 5. Configurations of atmospheric radars - antennas, beam patterns, electronics and calibration; 6. Examples of specific atmospheric radar systems; 7. Derivation of atmospheric parameters; 8. Digital processing of doppler radar signals; 9. Multiple-receiver and multiple-frequency radar techniques; 10. Extended and miscellaneous applications of atmospheric radars; 11. Gravity waves and turbulence; 12. Meteorological phenomena in the lower atmosphere; 13. Concluding remarks.

Read more less

Book SynopsisBringing together the ideas of experts from around the world, this incisive text offers cutting-edge perspectives on the risk analysis and governance of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), supporting effective and informed decision-making in developing countries. Comprised of four comprehensive sections, this book covers: integrated risk analysis and decision making, giving an overview of the science involved and examining risk analysis methods that impact decision-making on the release of GMOs, particularly in developing countries; diversification of expertise involved in risk analysis and practical ways in which the lack of expertise in developing countries can be overcome; risk analysis based regulatory systems and how they can be undermined by power relationships and socio-political interests, as well as strategies for improving GMO policy development and regulatory decision-making; and case studies from developing countries providing lessons based on real-world experience that Table of Contents1. Introduction Ademola A. Adenle, E. Jane Morris and Denis J. Murphy; 2. Recent scientific developments in genetic technologies: implications for future regulation of GMOs in developing countries Denis J. Murphy; 3. A strategy for integrating science into regulatory decision-making for GMOs Wendy Craig, Dennis Ndolo Obonyo and Mark Tepfer; 4. Governance of benefits and risks of GMOs in developing countries E. Jane Morris; 5. The Canadian experience with the creation and implementation of regulatory frameworks for the environmental release of GM crops as a model for developing countries Phil Macdonald; 6. Labelling of food from GMOs: options to consider by developing countries Wilna Jansen van Rijssen and Wynand J. van der Walt; 7. Building human capacity and skills in biosafety: lessons learned and emerging best practices John Komen and Muffy Koch; 8. Regulation of GMOs in developing countries: why socioeconomic considerations matter for decision-making Jose Falck-Zepeda and Marnus Gouse; 9. Food safety assessment of genetically modified crops in developing countries: the experience in Africa Godwin Lemgo, Narender Nehra and Hector Quemada; 10. Being scientific about socio-economics in GMO decision-making in developing countries Monica Racovita; 11. The sharing of information in risk assessment: how national authorities co-operate Peter Kearns, Bertrand Dagallier and Takahiko Nikaido; 12. Should GM rice with nutrition benefits be deployed? Findings from biotech and socio-economic research Hans De Steur, Dieter Blancquaert, Christophe Stove, Willy Lambert, Dominique Van Der Straeten and Xavier Gellynck; 13. The risk analysis framework and biosafety policy Peter W. B. Phillips and Stuart J. Smyth; 14. Precautionary principle as a barrier to GMO risk analysis: Elicitation of experts' viewpoints Ademola A. Adenle; 15. How do socio-political disputes of GMOs influence decision-making in developing countries? Hossein Azadi, Ademola A. Adenle and Klaus Ammann; 16. Biosafety communication: beyond risk communication Andrea Sonnino and Sandra Sharry; 17. The role of mass media and lobbies in the formulation of GMO regulations Mauro Vigani; 18. Risk regulation of agricultural GMOs in China: challenges and prospects Wen Xiang; 19. Commercial use and governance of Bt cotton in China Yunhe Li, Yanhui Lu, Eric M. Hallerman, Yufa Peng and Kongming Wu; 20. Regulatory regime of genetically modified crops in India Krishna Ravi Srinivas; 21. The Argentinian GMO biosafety system: an evolving perspective Carmen Vicien and Eduardo Trigo; 22. The Brazilian GMO regulatory system: a historical view and perspective Edivaldo Domingues Velini, Maria Lúcia Zaidan Dagli, Gutemberg Delfino de Souza, Rubens José Nascimento, Tassiana Fronza Pinho, Paulo Paes de Andrade and Helaine Carrer; 23. Effective regulatory regime supported by research and development is key to adoption of GM technology in West Africa: Burkina Faso and Nigeria as case studies Olalekan Akinbo, Ademola A. Adenle and Diran Makinde; 24. Pathway for biosafety regulation of GMOs in Sub-Saharan Africa Julius Ecuru; 25. Conclusions and recommendations E. Jane Morris, Ademola A. Adenle and Denis J. Murphy.

Read more less

Book SynopsisContaining over 500 full-color images, this book provides a graphical perspective of the extremely visual phenomenon of combustion, ranging from academic scale up to full scale industrial, under a wide range of operating conditions.Trade Review'This is an excellent and impressive collection of color photographs depicting combustion processes in various types of flames, fires and practical devices, and is intended to complement the resources in literature. The gallery is valuable to enthuse students and new researchers to combustion field, as well as to serve as pictorial diagnostics for experienced investigators. This book fills a long-standing void in combustion literature.' Subramanyam Gollahalli, University of Oklahoma'A Gallery of Combustion and Fire is the culmination of over a decade of efforts by the authors to collect and curate a voluminous selection of the most beautiful and captivating images of combustion in its many forms. The material presented in this book is both insightful and visually inspiring to the researcher and to the layperson alike. I enjoyed this book tremendously and congratulate the authors on a job well done.' Nick Glumac, University of Illinois, Urbana-ChampaignTable of Contents1. Fundamentals introduction; 2. CFD introduction; 3. IC Engines introduction; 4. Low gravity introduction; 5. Introduction; 6. Fire introduction.

Read more less

Book SynopsisLearn about the key technologies and understand the state of the art in research for full-duplex communication networks and systems with this comprehensive and interdisciplinary guide. Incorporating physical, MAC, network, and application layer perspectives, it explains the fundamental theories on which full-duplex communications are built, and lays out the techniques needed for network design, analysis and optimization. Techniques covered in detail include self-interference cancellation and signal processing algorithms, physical layer algorithms, methods for efficient resource allocation, and game theory. Potential applications and networking schemes are discussed, including full-duplex cognitive radio networks, cooperative networks, and heterogeneous networks. The first book to focus exclusively on full-duplex communications, this is an indispensable reference for both researchers and practitioners designing the next generation of wireless networks.Table of Contents1. Basics of communication systems; 2. Signal processing and theoretical limits; 3. Full duplex system hardware implementation; 4. Full duplex MIMO communications; 5. Full duplex OFDMA communications; 6. Full duplex heterogeneous networks; 7. Full duplex cooperative networks; 8. Full duplex cognitive radio networks; 9. Full duplex random access networks.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAn overview of the optical effects in solids, addressing the physics of various materials and their response to electromagnetic radiation. The discussion includes metals, semiconductors, superconductors, and insulators. The book begins by introducing the dielectric function into Maxwell''s macroscopic equations and finding their plane-wave solution. The physics governing the dielectric function of various materials is then covered, both classically and using basic quantum mechanics. Advanced topics covered include interacting electrons, the anomalous skin effect, anisotropy, magneto-optics, and inhomogeneous materials. Each subject begins with a connection to the basic physics of the particular solid, after which the measurable optical quantities are derived. It allows the reader to connect measurements (reflectance, optical conductivity and dielectric function) with the underlying physics of solids. Methods of analysing experimental data are addressed, making this an ideal resource foTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Introduction; 2. Maxwell's equations and plane waves in matter; 3. The complex dielectric function and refractive index; 4. Classical theories for the dielectric function; 5. Phonons; 6. A look at real solids; 7. Transmission and reflection; 8. Free-electron metals; 9. Optical excitations: quantum mechanics; 10. Kramers–Kronig relations and sum rules; 11. Superconductors; 12. Semiconductors and insulators; 13. Strongly interacting solids; 14. Nonlocal effects; 15. Anisotropic crystals; 16. Magneto-optics; 17. Inhomogeneous materials; Appendices; References; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe first book on the topic, this is a comprehensive introduction to the modeling and design of junctionless field effect transistors (FETs). Beginning with a discussion of the advantages and limitations of the technology, the authors also provide a thorough overview of published analytical models for double-gate and nanowire configurations, before offering a general introduction to the EPFL charge-based model of junctionless FETs. Important features are introduced gradually, including nanowire versus double-gate equivalence, technological design space, junctionless FET performances, short channel effects, transcapacitances, asymmetric operation, thermal noise, interface traps, and the junction FET. Additional features compatible with biosensor applications are also discussed. This is a valuable resource for students and researchers looking to understand more about this new and fast developing field.Table of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Review on modeling junctionless FETs; 3. The EPFL charge-based model of junctionless field-effect transistors; 4. Model driven design – space of junctionless FETs; 5. Generalization of the charge based model: accounting for inversion layers; 6. Predicted performances of junctionless FETs; 7. Short channel effects in symmetric junctionless double-gate FETs; 8. Modeling AC operation in symmetric double-gate and nanowire JL FETs; 9. Modeling asymmetric operation of double-gate junctionless FETs; 10. Modeling noise behavior in junctionless FETs; 11. Carrier mobility extraction methodology in JL and inversion mode FETs; 12. Revisiting the Junction FET: a junctionless FET with an ∞ gate capacitance; 13. Modeling junctionless FET with interface traps targeting biosensor applications; Appendix A. Design – space of twin gate junctionless vertical slit FETs; Appendix B. Transient off-current in junctionless FETs; Appendix C. Derivatives of mobile charge density with respect to VGS and VDS; Appendix D. Global charge density at drain in depletion mode; Appendix E. Global charge density at drain in accumulation mode; Appendix F. The EPFL Junctionless MODEL ver.1.0.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAchieve faster and more efficient network design and optimization with this comprehensive guide. Some of the most prominent researchers in the field explain the very latest analytic techniques and results from stochastic geometry for modelling the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) distribution in heterogeneous cellular networks. This book will help readers to understand the effects of combining different system deployment parameters on key performance indicators such as coverage and capacity, enabling the efficient allocation of simulation resources. In addition to covering results for network models based on the Poisson point process, this book presents recent results for when non-Poisson base station configurations appear Poisson, due to random propagation effects such as fading and shadowing, as well as non-Poisson models for base station configurations, with a focus on determinantal point processes and tractable approximation methods. Theoretical results are illustrateTrade Review'These four renowned experts deliver a comprehensive yet curated treatment on the modelling and analysis of modern cellular networks using stochastic geometry, which has been one of the most important recent lines of wireless research. Highly recommended for interested researchers and engineers. Can serve as a useful companion to Haenggi's landmark stochastic geometry textbook, which had fairly minimal treatment of cellular networks.' Jeff Andrews, University of Texas, AustinTable of ContentsPart I. Stochastic Geometry: 1. Introduction; 2. The role of stochastic geometry in HetNet analysis; 3. A brief course in stochastic geometry; 4. Statistics of received power at the typical location; Part II. SINR Analysis: 5. Downlink SINR: fundamental results; 6. Downlink SINR: advanced results; 7. Downlink SINR: further extensions; 8. Extensions to non-Poisson models.

Read more less

Book SynopsisLearn about the most recent advances in 2D materials with this comprehensive and accessible text. Providing all the necessary materials science and physics background, leading experts discuss the fundamental properties of a wide range of 2D materials, and their potential applications in electronic, optoelectronic and photonic devices. Several important classes of materials are covered, from more established ones such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride, and transition metal dichalcogenides, to new and emerging materials such as black phosphorus, silicene, and germanene. Readers will gain an in-depth understanding of the electronic structure and optical, thermal, mechanical, vibrational, spin and plasmonic properties of each material, as well as the different techniques that can be used for their synthesis. Presenting a unified perspective on 2D materials, this is an excellent resource for graduate students, researchers and practitioners working in nanotechnology, nanoelectronics, nanoTrade Review'This book, edited by the top researchers who have been working on atomically thin materials in the past decade, contains the essential contents of our current scientific understanding of this novel form of materials. The authors have compiled comprehensive and contemporary reviews on various topics ranging from fundamental science to engineering applications, providing an excellent textbook for students as well as references for experts in the research field.' Philip Kim, Harvard University, Massachusetts'This edited volume consists of 25 topical chapters contributed by scientists active in the growing field of 2D semiconductors, who summarize the most salient features of these intriguing materials. Contributions are grouped into three parts dedicated to graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, and elemental group V layered semiconductors including phosphorene. Covered are the most actively researched topics synthesis, stability, thermal, and electronic properties including transport, optics, optoelectronics and spintronics, phonon structure, and mechanical properties of few-layer systems including heterostructures, as probed by state-of-the-art experimental and theoretical techniques. While emphasis is placed on the rigorous scientific representation of knowledge acquired to date, the contributors also offer a refreshing insight into potential applications of this new class of materials.' David Tomanek, Michigan State University'The field of 2D materials, which started with graphene, now includes dozens of one-atom thick crystals. Many of them demonstrate properties end effects which are equally exciting as those found for the famous ancestor. And, judging from the recent progress, the field will be developing very fast for many years ahead. This book, written by scientists who are the leaders in their fields, is the most comprehensive and up-to-date attempt to review this fast-developing subject. Starting with an in-depth summary on graphene, it moves to other 2D crystals, such as transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorous and others, providing probably the most complete reference on the topic at the moment.' Kostya Novoselov, University of ManchesterTable of Contents1. Graphene: basic properties Mikhail I. Katsnelson and Annalisa Fasolino; 2. Electrical transport in graphene: carrier scattering by impurities and phonons Jian-Hao Chen; 3. Optical properties of graphene Feng Wang and Sufei Shi; 4. Graphene mechanical properties C. DiMarco, R. Li, S. Rastogi, J. Hone and J. W. Kysar; 5. Vibrations in graphene Ado Jorio, Luiz Gustavo Cançado and Leandro M. Malard; 6. Thermal properties of graphene: from physics to applications Alexander A. Balandin; 7. Graphene plasmonics Frank Koppens, Mark B. Lundeberg, Marco Polini, Tony Low and Phaedon Avouris; 8. Electron optics with graphene p-n junctions James R. Williams; 9. Graphene electronics Chen Wang, Xidong Duan and Xiangfeng Duan; 10. Graphene: optoelectronic devices Thomas Mueller and Phaedon Avouris; 11. Graphene spintronics Aron W. Cummings, Sergio O. Valenzuela, Frank Ortmann and Stephan Roche; 12. Graphene-BN heterostructures Lei Wang, James Hone and Cory. R. Dean; 13. Controlled growth of graphene crystals by chemical vapor deposition: from solid metals to liquid metals Dechao Geng and Kian Ping Loh; 14. Electronic properties and strain engineering in semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides Rafael Roldán and Francisco Guinea; 15. Valley-spin physics in 2D semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides Hongyi Yu and Wang Yao; 16. Electrical transport in MoS2, a prototypical semiconducting TMDC Andras Kis; 17. Optical properties of TMD heterostructures Pasqual Rivera, Wang Yao and Xiaodong Xu; 18. TMDs - optoelectronic devices Thomas Mueller; 19. Large area synthesis Yumeng Shi and Lain-Jong Li; 20. Defects in two-dimensional materials Xiaolong Zou and Boris I. Yakobson; 21. Theoretical overview of black phosphorus Tony Low, Andrey Chaves, Wei Ji, Jesse Maassen and Traian Dumitrica; 22. Anisotropic properties of black phosphorus Yuchen Du, Zhe Luo, Han Liu, Xianfan Xu and Peide D. Ye; 23. Optical properties and optoelectronic applications of black phosphorus Andres Castellanos-Gomez and Mo Li; 24. Silicene, germanene and stanene Guy Le Lay, Eric Salomon and Thierry Angot; 25. Predictions of single-layer honeycomb structures from first-principles S. Ciraci and S. Cahangirov.

Read more less

Book SynopsisLearn about an information-theoretic approach to managing interference in future generation wireless networks. Focusing on cooperative schemes motivated by Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) technology, the book develops a robust theoretical framework for interference management that uses recent advancements in backhaul design, and practical pre-coding schemes based on local cooperation, to deliver the increased speed and reliability promised by interference alignment. Gain insight into how simple, zero-forcing pre-coding schemes are optimal in locally connected interference networks, and discover how significant rate gains can be obtained by making cell association decisions and allocating backhaul resources based on centralized (cloud) processing and knowledge of network topology. Providing a link between information-theoretic analyses and interference management schemes that are easy to implement, this is an invaluable resource for researchers, graduate students and practicing engineersTrade Review'This is a concise, rigorous and authoritative introduction to the information-theoretic analysis of interference management in wireless systems. It provides a principled and comprehensive reference for students and researchers with a background in communication and information theory.' Osvaldo Simeone, Kings College London'Veeravalli and El Gamal have successfully captured in this book a most productive decade of fundamental research breakthroughs in our understanding of interference management and, especially, the role of cooperation in wireless networks. The topics covered are not only some of the most exciting directions for future wireless networks, but also they showcase some of the most elegant insights that information theory has to offer.' Syed Jafar, University of California, Irvine'With new wireless networks becoming dramatically more complex to optimize, especially from an interference point of view, the availability of solid theoretical tools allowing to study the fundamental radio access performance of future mobile systems is a great plus to engineers and researchers alike. Up to my knowledge, this book is among the very first to give a solid and comprehensive analytical perspective in this area.' David Gesbert, EURECOM'The book stands out with its comprehensive treatment of fundamental information-theoretic tools for interference management and with detailed descriptions of algorithms that implement these tools. The book is thus very valuable for everyone who wants to understand how to design good practical interference management systems.' Michèle Wigger, Télécom ParisTechTable of Contents1. Introduction to interference management; 2. System model and sum capacity characterization; 3. Degrees of freedom (DoF) and interference alignment; 4. Iterative algorithms for interference management; 5. DoF with coordinated multi-point (CoMP) transmission; 6. Locally connected channels with CoMP; 7. Backhaul load constraint; 8. Cellular uplink; 9. Dynamic interference management; 10. Recent advances and open problems; Appendix A. Information theory; Appendix B. Algebraic geometry.

Read more less

Book SynopsisDrawing on over twenty years of teaching experience, this comprehensive yet self-contained text provides an in-depth introduction to the field of integrated microwave electronics. Ideal for a first course on the subject, it covers essential topics such as passive components and transistors, linear, low-noise and power amplifiers, and microwave measurements. An entire chapter is devoted to CAD techniques for analysis and design, covering examples of easy-to-medium difficulty for both linear and non-linear subsystems, and supported online by ADS and AWR project files. More advanced topics are also covered, providing an up-to-date overview of compound semiconductor technologies and treatment of electromagnetic issues and models. Readers can test their knowledge with end-of-chapter questions and numerical problems, and solutions and lecture slides are available online for instructors. This is essential reading for graduate and senior undergraduate students taking courses in microwave, radiTable of Contents1. A system introduction to microwave electronics; 2. Passive elements and circuit layout; 3. CAD techniques; 4. Directional couplers and power dividers; 5. Active RF and microwave semiconductor devices; 6. Microwave linear amplifiers; 7. Low-noise amplifier design; 8. Power amplifiers; 9. Microwave measurements; 10. Computer-Aided Design (CAD) projects.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis is an important new study examining the military operations of the British Expeditionary Force in 191418 through the lens of its communications system. Brian Hall charts how new communications technology such as wireless, telephone and telegraph were used alongside visual signalling, carrier pigeons and runners as the British army struggled to develop a communication system adequate enough to wage modern warfare. He reveals how tenuous communications added to the difficulties of command and control during the war''s early years, and examines their role during the major battles of the Somme, Arras, Ypres and Cambrai. It was only in 1918 that the British army would finally develop a flexible and sophisticated communications system capable of effectively coordinating infantry, artillery, tanks and aeroplanes. This is a major contribution to our understanding of British military operations during the First World War, the learning processes of armies and the revolution in military affairs.Table of Contents1. Organisation; 2. Personnel, recruitment and training; 3. Means of communication; 4. 1914–15; 5. 1916; 6. 1917; 7. 1918; Conclusion.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe stratified ocean mixes episodically in small patches where energy is dissipated and density smoothed over scales of centimeters. The net effect of these countless events effects the shape of the ocean''s thermocline, how heat is transported from the sea surface to the interior, and how dense bottom water is lifted into the global overturning circulation. This book explores the primary factors affecting mixing, beginning with the thermodynamics of seawater, how they vary in the ocean and how they depend on the physical properties of seawater. Turbulence and double diffusion are then discussed, which determines how mixing evolves and the different impacts it has on velocity, temperature, and salinity. It reviews insights from both laboratory studies and numerical modelling, emphasising the assumptions and limitations of these methods. This is an excellent reference for researchers and graduate students working to advance our understanding of mixing, including oceanographers, atmospheTrade Review'The book is recommended to graduate students majoring in physical oceanography and related ocean science fields, and will also find readers among researchers with related interests.' M. Alam, CHOICETable of Contents1. Mixing and its role in the ocean; 2. Thermodynamics and seawater properties; 3. Turbulence; 4. Double diffusion; 5. Sampling mixing and its environment; 6. Internal waves and the vortical mode; 7. Interactions and dissipation of internal waves and the vortical mode; 8. Mixing in the stratified interior; Appendix.

Read more less