Sustainability Books

Book SynopsisReal-world reservoirs are layered, heterogeneous and anisotropic, exposed to water and gas drives, faults, barriers and fractures. They are produced by systems of vertical, deviated, horizontal and multilateral wells whose locations, sizes, shapes and topologies are dictated on the fly, at randomby petroleum engineers and drillers at well sites. Wells may be pressure or rate-constrained, with these roles re-assigned during simulation with older laterals shut-in, newer wells drilled and brought on stream, and so on. And all are subject to steady and transient production, each satisfying different physical and mathematical laws, making reservoir simulation an art difficult to master and introducing numerous barriers to entry. All of these important processes can now be simulated in any order using rapid, stable and accurate computational models developed over two decades. And what if it were further possible to sketch complicated geologies and lithologies, plus equally complex Table of ContentsPreface ix Acknowledgements xiii 1 Reservoir Modeling – Background and Overview 1 Overview 1 Reservoir modeling landscape 1 Reflections on simulation and modeling 2 Reservoir Flow Algorithms for Petroleum Engineers 3 Multisim™ Features – Advanced Interactive Reservoir Modeling 8 Reservoir description 9 Well system modeling 9 Additional simulator features 9 Simple Wells to Multilateral Systems for Laymen 10 Advanced Graphics for Color Display 17 Tracer Movement in Three-Dimensional Reservoirs 21 2 Mathematical Modeling Ideas, Numerical Methods and Software 25 Overview and Background 25 Formulation errors 25 I/O problems 26 Fundamental Issues and Problems 26 Numerical stability 27 Inadequacies of the von Neumann test 28 Convergence 28 Physical resolution 29 Direct solvers 29 Modern simulation requirements 30 Pressure constraints 32 Flow rate constraints 32 Object-oriented geobodies 33 Plan for remaining sections 33 Governing Equations and Numerical Formulation 33 Steady flows of liquids 33 Difference equation formulation 34 The iterative scheme 35 Modeling well constraints for liquids 36 Steady and unsteady nonlinear gas flows 38 Steady gas flows 39 Well constraints for gas flows 40 Transient, compressible flows 42 Compaction, consolidation and subsidence 44 Boundary conforming grids 45 Stratigraphic meshes for layered media 46 Modeling wellbore storage 47 Early 1990s Validation Calculations 48 Simulation capabilities 48 Data structures and programming 49 Example 2-1. Convergence acceleration, two deviated horizontal gas wells in a channel sand 49 Example 2-2. Dual-lateral horizontal completion in a fractured, dipping, heterogeneous, layered formation 53 Example 2-3. Stratigraphic grids, drilling dome-shaped structures 56 Example 2-4. Simulating-while-drilling horizontal gas wells through a dome-shaped reservoir 58 Example 2-5. Modeling wellbore storage effects and compressible borehole flow transients 64 3 Simulation Capabilities – User Interface with Basic Well 71 Example 3-1. Single vertical well, user interface and menu structure for steady flow 71 Example 3-2. Volume flow rate constraint at a well 91 Example 3-3. Pressure constraint and transient shut-in 94 Example 3-4. Heterogeneities, anisotropy and multiple wells 110 Example 3-5. Reversing well constraints – consistency check 128 Example 3-6. Changing farfield boundary conditions 131 Example 3-7. Fluid depletion in a sealed reservoir 135 Example 3-8. Depletion in rate constrained well in sealed reservoir 147 Example 3-9. Steady flow from five spot pattern 148 Example 3-10. Drilling additional wells while simulating 153 4 Vertical, Deviated, Horizontal and Multilateral Well Systems 175 Overview, 175 Example 4-1. Multilateral and vertical wells in multilayer media 176 Example 4-2. Dual lateral with transient operations 204 Example 4-3. Producer and injector conversions 239 Example 4-4. Production with top and bottom drives 265 Example 4-5. Transient gas production from dual horizontal with wellbore storage effects 275 5 Well Models and Productivity Indexes 290 Radial vs 3D modeling - loss of wellbore resolution 290 Analogies in computational aerodynamics 291 Curvilinear grids in reservoir simulation 293 Productivity index modeling 295 References 296 Index 308 About the Author 312 Professional interests 312 Scientific book publications 313 United States patents 314 Recent patent applications 315 International and domestic patents 315 Journal articles and conference publications 318 Multisim‘ Software Order 326 Features 326 Licensing options 327 Disclaimer 328

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Book SynopsisThe second edition of Sustainable Business prepares future business leaders to tackle the most crucial social and environmental issues of our time. This engaging textbook provides students with a comprehensive, balanced introduction to integrating sustainable business policies into all core business functions and processes. The text employs a qualitative-based learning process to help students understand how leadership, finance, accounting, risk management, marketing, supply chain management, and operations can be adapted to meet the sustainability goals of the 21st century. Looking at sustainable business from the managerial viewpoint, the fully-updated new edition explains how and why business is evolving due to increased consumer and regulatory pressure for sustainable performance. Business topics are first introduced in the same manner as traditional MBA programs, and then examined through the lens of sustainably. The text incorporates real-life examplesTable of ContentsPreface viii Part I Introduction 1 Introduction to Sustainable Business 3Sustainable Companies Gain the Upper Hand 1.1 What Do We Mean By “Sustainability”? 4 1.1.1 Sustainability is a Loaded Word 4 1.1.2 Running Out of Space 6 1.1.3 The New Global Trend: Doing Bad and More Good 10 1.1.4 The Unsustainable Status Quo: Fisheries 11 1.2 Causes and Consensus Around Sustainable Business 13 1.2.1 What Do Externalities Have to Do with It? 13 1.2.2 Shareholder Pressure 15 1.2.3 Multiple Drivers, One Destination 15 1.2.4 Baseline Shift Toward Sustainability 16 1.3 The Forms and Stages of Sustainable Business 18 1.3.1 Sustainability Marginalized 18 1.3.2 Sustainability Grows Up 19 1.3.3 Sustainability Gears Up 22 1.4 The Business Case for Sustainability 23 1.4.1 There is Actually Just One Bottom Line 23 1.4.2 Environmental Changes and Business Implications 24 1.4.3 Green Shoots and Blue Oceans 25 1.4.4 Overview of the Textbook 28 Key Terms 29 Discussion Questions 29 Case 1: BMW Pioneers Sustainable Automotive Technology 29 Case 2: Greening the Game of Golf 30 Further Research 31 Endnotes 31 2 Perspectives 35Ecosystem Services 2.1 Introduction: Perspectives on Sustainability 36 2.2 Social Perspectives 37 2.2.1 Stakeholder Engagement 37 2.2.2 Corporate Social Responsibility 38 2.2.3 Human Rights 41 2.2.4 Laws and Regulations 42 2.2.5 Ethics and Environmental Justice 43 2.3 Economic Perspectives 45 2.3.1 Globalization and its Discontents 45 2.3.2 Environmental Kuznets Curve and its Criticism 47 2.3.3 Natural Capital Accounting and Sustainable Land Use 49 2.3.4 Sustainable Engineering 52 2.4 Environmental Perspectives 53 2.4.1 Regenerative Capacity 54 2.4.2 Biomimicry 54 2.4.3 Cradle-to-Cradle 55 2.4.4 Human Ecology 56 Conclusion 57 Key Terms 57 Discussion Questions 58 Case 1: Emerging Drinking Water Contaminants 58 Additional Material 59 Endnotes 60 3 Leadership, Change Management, and Corporate Governance 63Sustainable Leadership, Corporate Governance, and Innovation at Unilever 3.1 Introduction: Leadership as Antidote to Collective Action Problems 64 3.1.1 What is a Collective Action Problem? 66 3.1.2 What is a Tragedy of the Commons? 66 3.1.3 Sustainability through Self-Regulation 67 3.1.4 The Sustainable Leadership Gap 69 3.2 Leadership 70 3.2.1 What is Sustainable Business Leadership? 70 3.2.2 New Competencies of Sustainable Business Leaders 70 3.2.3 Sustainable Leadership Strategy 73 3.3 Change Management 75 3.3.1 Entrepreneurialism and Innovation 75 3.3.2 Developing a Sustainable Business Strategy 77 3.3.3 Change Management 78 3.3.4 Hiring Strategy and Employee Engagement 79 3.4 Strategic Alignment for Sustainability Through Corporate Governance 81 3.4.1 Strategic Alignment: Integrating Sustainability into Corporate Strategy 81 3.4.2 Sustainable Corporate Governance 81 3.4.3 Corporate Governance Mechanisms 83 3.4.4 Resolving Conflicts Between Shareholders and Stakeholders: Rise of the B-Corp 86 3.4.5 Executive Compensation 87 3.4.6 Rise of the Chief Sustainability Officer 89 Key Terms 91 Discussion Questions 91 Case 1: Corporate Leadership Amidst Turbulent Times 91 Case 2: Drilling Down on Corporate Governance 93 Further Research 93 Endnotes 93 Part II Accountability 4 Legal Frameworks for Sustainability 99Climate Change Divides Corporate Lobbying Efforts 4.1 The Role of Law in Corporate Sustainability 100 4.1.1 Hard Law, Soft Law, Legal Hierarchy, International Law 103 4.1.2 The Legal Environment of Business 106 4.1.3 Incentives for Legal Compliance 106 4.2 Law and Sustainability by Business Area 108 4.2.1 Design, Production, and Pollution 109 4.2.2 Supply Chain, Marketing, and Consumer Protection 112 4.2.3 Packaging, Waste, and Disposal 118 4.2.4 Land Use Planning 119 4.3 Limits of the Law 121 4.3.1 Legal Compliance vs. Sustainable Performance 121 4.3.2 Lobbying for Lax Laws 121 4.3.3 Under-Enforcement of Good Laws 123 Key Terms 123 Discussion Questions 124 Case 1: Can Litigation Set Public Policy on the Use of Drugs in Industrial Agriculture? 124 Case 2: The American Legislative Exchange Council and So-Called Ag Gag Rules 125 Further Research 126 Endnotes 126 5 Metrics, Tools, and Reporting: The Role of Finance and Accounting 129Nature’s Invoice 5.1 Introduction: Why Measure and Report? 130 5.1.1 The Role of Finance & Accounting 130 5.1.2 Information-Driven Sustainable Business Model 132 5.1.3 (Almost) Everyone is Doing It 134 5.1.4 What are the Benefits of Monitoring and Reporting? 135 5.1.5 Drivers of Sustainability Reporting 137 5.2 Metrics 138 5.2.1 What are Metrics? 138 5.2.2 The Triple Bottom Line 140 5.2.3 Sustainability Performance Metrics 140 5.2.4 What to Look for in a Metric 142 5.3 Tools 142 5.3.1 Natural Capital Accounting 143 5.3.2 Life Cycle Assessment 143 5.3.3 Environmental Footprinting 145 5.4 Reporting 147 5.4.1 Leadership and Reporting 148 5.4.2 Threshold for Reporting: Materiality 148 5.4.3 Sharing Sustainability Information with End Consumers 150 5.4.4 ISO Standards For Sustainability Reporting 151 5.4.5 Global Reporting Initiative 151 Key Terms 153 Discussion Questions 154 Case 1: Chocolate Crusaders 154 Case 2: Suede Shoe Blues 155 Further Research 156 Endnotes 156 6 Risk Management 159Happy Meals Dodge Tainted Toys 6.1 Risk Management and Sustainable Business 160 6.1.1 The Role of Risk Management in Sustainable Business 161 6.1.2 The Risky Environment of Business 163 6.1.3 The Moral Psychology of Risky Business Decisions 164 6.1.4 The Enterprise Risk Management Continuum 165 6.2 Risk Identification 169 6.2.1 Business Risks Managed by Sustainability 169 6.2.2 Preventable Versus Uncontrollable Risk 172 6.2.3 Water-Related Business Risks 173 6.2.4 Climate Change-Related Business Risks 174 6.3 Risk Assessment 174 6.3.1 Scenario Planning 175 6.3.2 Measuring the Materiality of Risk 176 6.3.3 Vulnerability 178 6.3.4 Putting It All Together 180 6.4 Risk Response 180 6.4.1 Bearing Risk 181 6.4.2 Avoiding Risk 181 6.4.3 Mitigating Risk 181 6.4.4 Sharing Risk: Insurance 183 6.5 Risk Management Strategies in Business 185 6.5.1 Business Continuity Planning 185 6.5.2 Resilience 186 Key Terms 187 Discussion Questions 187 Case 1: Managing a Hospital’s Fight Against an Epic Flu 188 Further Research 188 Endnotes 189 Part III Implementation 7 Marketing 193From Superbowl Ads to Viral Videos 7.1 Introduction: Marketing Sustainability 194 7.1.1 Conventional Marketing versus Marketing Sustainability 195 7.1.2 Segmenting the Market for Sustainable Products 196 7.1.3 Trends In Marketing Sustainability: Avenues for SMEs 198 7.1.4 Rewards of Sustainable Marketing 200 7.2 Legal and Ethical Boundaries 202 7.2.1 Truth-In-Advertising Rules 202 7.2.2 Guidelines for Marketing Environmental Attributes 203 7.2.3 Product/Process Information Distinction 204 7.2.4 What is Greenwashing? 206 7.3 Strategy for Marketing Sustainability 207 7.3.1 Sustainability Marketing Principles 207 7.3.2 Brand Development 208 7.3.3 Stages of Marketing Sustainability 209 7.3.4 International Marketing 210 7.3.5 Challenges to Marketing Sustainability 211 7.4 Certification Programs 216 7.4.1 Guidelines for Third-Party Certification Programs 216 7.4.2 Types of Certification Programs 217 7.4.3 Certification Design 218 7.4.4 Challenges to Sustainable Certification 220 Key Terms 221 Discussion Questions 221 Case 1: Marketing Sustainable Dinner Ware 221 Case 2: Nike, Inc. v. Kasky 222 Further Research 223 Endnotes 224 8 Supply Chain Management 227Building a Sustainable Supply Chain: Lessons from Starbucks 8.1 Sustainable Supply Chain Management in Context 228 8.1.1 The Role of SCM in Sustainability 229 8.1.2 Managing Supply Chain Risks: Going Beyond the First Tier 231 8.1.3 Traceability and Increased Supply Chain Transparency 232 8.1.4 Business Benefits of Sustainable SCM 233 8.1.5 Water-Related Supply Chain Risks 234 8.1.6 Human Rights, Child Labor, and Occupational Safety in Global Supply Chains 234 8.2 Managing the Entire Product Life Cycle 236 8.2.1 Life Cycle Assessment and Cradle-to-Cradle Design 237 8.2.2 Product Design 237 8.2.3 Packaging 238 8.2.4 Sourcing 240 8.2.5 Process Design 241 8.3 Managing the Supply Chain Infrastructure 242 8.3.1 Logistics 242 8.3.2 Reverse Logistics 243 8.3.3 Transportation 244 8.3.4 Facility Location 246 8.4 Managing Supply Chain Stakeholders 248 8.4.1 Suppliers 248 8.4.2 Consumers 249 8.4.3 Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Nonprofits 251 8.4.4 Governmental Agencies and Regulation 251 8.4.5 Competitors 252 8.4.6 Communities 253 Key Terms 255 Discussion Questions 255 Case 1: Gone Fishing: Human Trafficking on the High Seas 255 Case 2: iSlave: Labor Conditions at Consumer Technology Parts Suppliers 256 Further Research 257 Endnotes 257 9 Operations Management 261Ancient Air Conditioning in Modern Building Design 9.1 The Role of Operations Management in Sustainability 262 9.1.1 The OM Function 262 9.1.2 How OM Impacts Sustainability 264 9.1.3 Water-Related Operations Management Risks 265 9.2 Operations Strategy 266 9.2.1 Sustainable Operations as a Competitive Priority 267 9.2.2 Sustainable OM Strategy 267 9.2.3 Stakeholder View of Operational Output 269 9.2.4 Striking the Right Balance through Quality Management 269 9.3 Operations Design 270 9.3.1 Product Design 270 9.3.2 Process Design 274 9.3.3 Process Performance Metrics 275 9.4 Operations Planning & Control 277 9.4.1 Inventory Management 277 9.4.2 Work System Design 278 9.4.3 Enterprise Resource Planning: Using Big Data Analytics 279 9.4.4 Healthy, Productive Employees: Scheduling 280 9.5 Facility Management, Layout, & Design 282 9.5.1 Facility Management 282 9.5.2 Facility Layout 284 9.5.3 Facility Design 284 Key Terms 286 Discussion Questions 286 Case 1: Too Little or Too Much: Inventory Management During Environmental Crises 287 Further Research 287 Endnotes 288 Glossary 291 Index 315

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Book SynopsisThe need for chemical processes to be safe, energy efficient, and environmentally benign poses new challenges for chemical engineers. This book examines the newest technologies for sustainable development in chemical engineering, through careful analysis of the technical aspects, and discussion of the possible fields of industrial development.Table of ContentsList of Contributors xiii Preface xv 1. Sustainable Development Strategies: An Overview 1 Vincenzo Piemonte, Marcello De Falco, and Angelo Basile 1.1 Renewable Energies: State of the Art and Diffusion 1 1.2 Process Intensification 4 1.3 Concept and Potentialities of Bio-based Platforms for Biomolecule Production 8 1.4 Soil and Water Remediation 13 Acknowledgement 18 References 18 2. Innovative Solar Technology: CSP Plants for Combined Production of Hydrogen and Electricity 25 Marcello De Falco 2.1 Principles 25 2.2 Plant Configurations 28 2.3 Mathematical Models 33 2.4 Plant Simulations 39 2.5 Conclusions 46 Nomenclature 47 References 48 3. Strategies for Increasing Electrical Energy Production from Intermittent Renewables 51 Alessandro Franco 3.1 Introduction 51 3.2 Penetration of Renewable Energies into the Electricity Market and Issues Related to Their Development: Some Interesting Cases 55 3.3 An Approach to Expansion of RES and Efficiency Policy in an Integrated Energy System 57 3.4 Analysis of Possible Interesting Scenarios for Increasing Penetration of RES 62 3.5 Analysis of a Meaningful Case Study: The Italian Scenario 66 3.6 Analysis and Discussion 74 3.7 Conclusions 75 Nomenclature and Abbreviations 76 References 77 4. The Smart Grid as a Response to Spread the Concept of Distributed Generation 81 Yi Ding, Jacob Østergaard, Salvador Pineda Morente, and Qiuwei Wu 4.1 Introduction 81 4.2 Present Electric Power Generation Systems 82 4.3 A Future Electrical Power Generation System with a High Penetration of Distributed Generation and Renewable Energy Resources 83 4.4 Integration of DGs into Smart Grids for Balancing Power 86 4.5 The Bornholm System – A “Fast Track” for Smart Grids 91 4.6 Conclusions 92 References 93 5. Process Intensification in the Chemical Industry: A Review 95 Stefano Curcio 5.1 Introduction 95 5.2 Different Approaches to Process Intensification 96 5.3 Process Intensification as a Valuable Tool for the Chemical Industry 97 5.4 PI Exploitation in the Chemical Industry 100 5.5 Conclusions 113 References 113 6. Process Intensification in the Chemical and Petrochemical Industry 119 Angelo Basile, Adolfo Iulianelli, and Simona Liguori 6.1 Introduction 119 6.2 Process Intensification 120 6.3 The Membrane Role 122 6.4 Membrane Reactor 124 6.5 Applications of Membrane Reactors in the Petrochemical Industry 128 6.6 Process Intensification in Chemical Industry 139 6.7 Future Trends 141 6.8 Conclusion 142 Nomenclature 143 References 143 7. Production of Bio-Based Fuels: Bioethanol and Biodiesel 153 Sudip Chakraborty, Ranjana Das Mondal, Debolina Mukherjee, and Chiranjib Bhattacharjee 7.1 Introduction 153 7.2 Production of Bioethanol 155 7.3 Biodiesel and Renewable Diesels from Biomass 166 7.4 Perspective 172 List of Acronyms 172 References 173 8. Inside the Bioplastics World: An Alternative to Petroleum-based Plastics 181 Vincenzo Piemonte 8.1 Bioplastic Concept 181 8.2 Bioplastic Production Processes 183 8.3 Bioplastic Environmental Impact: Strengths and Weaknesses 186 8.4 Conclusions 195 Acknowledgements 196 References 196 9. Biosurfactants 199 Maria Giovanna Martinotti, Gianna Allegrone, Massimo Cavallo, and Letizia Fracchia 9.1 Introduction 199 9.2 State of the Art 200 9.3 Production Technologies 205 9.4 Recovery of Biosurfactants 212 9.5 Application Fields 213 9.6 Future Prospects 225 References 225 10. Bioremediation of Water: A Sustainable Approach 241 Sudip Chakraborty, Jaya Sikder, Debolina Mukherjee, Mrinal Kanti Mandal, and D. Lawrence Arockiasamy 10.1 Introduction 241 10.2 State-of-the-Art: Recent Development 242 10.3 Water Management 247 10.4 Overview of Bioremediation in Wastewater Treatment and Ground Water Contamination 250 10.5 Membrane Separation in Bioremediation 252 10.6 Case Studies 256 10.7 Conclusions 260 List of Acronyms 261 References 262 11. Effective Remediation of Contaminated Soils by Eco-Compatible Physical, Biological, and Chemical Practices 267 Filomena Sannino and Alessandro Piccolo 11.1 Introduction 267 11.2 Biological Methods (Microorganisms, Plants, Compost, and Biochar) 269 11.3 Physicochemical Methods 277 11.4 Chemical Methods 280 11.5 Conclusions 286 List of Symbols and Acronyms 288 Acknowledgments 289 References 289 12. Nanoparticles as a Smart Technology for Remediation 297 Giuseppe Chidichimo, Daniela Cupelli, Giovanni De Filpo, Patrizia Formoso, and Fiore Pasquale Nicoletta 12.1 Introduction 297 12.2 Silica Nanoparticles for Wastewater Treatment 298 12.3 Magnetic Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications 305 12.4 Titania Nanoparticles in Environmental Photo-Catalysis 317 12.5 Future Prospects: Is Nano Really Good for the Environment? 326 12.6 Conclusions 328 List of Abbreviations 328 References 329 Index 349

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Book SynopsisExplore present and future energy needs as well as options for continued use of fossil fuels and alternative energy sources with Dunlap's SUSTAINABLE ENERGY, 2nd Edition. Individual chapters thoroughly investigate each energy approach as the book covers both current energy production and future strategies. The author assumes you are familiar with basic concepts of freshman-level physics and chemistry. This edition emphasizes the complexity of energy issues and need for a multidisciplinary approach to solving energy problems. Quantitative end-of-chapter problems help you practice analyzing information, correlating data from various sources, and interpreting graphical data and interpolate values. You see real problems in producing and using energy as you realize that while exact calculations are important, a broad-based analysis is often most appropriate.Table of ContentsPart I: BACKGROUND. 1. Energy Basics. 2. Past, Present, and Future World Energy Use. Part II: FOSSIL FUELS. 3. Fossil Fuel Resources and Use. 4. Environmental Consequences of Fossil Fuel Use. Part III: NUCLEAR ENERGY. 5. Some Basic Nuclear Physics. 6. Energy from Nuclear Fission. 7. Energy from Nuclear Fusion. Part IV: RENEWABLE ENERGY. 8. Direct Use of Solar Energy. 9. Electricity from Solar Energy. 10. Wind Energy. 11. Hydroelectric Energy. 12. Wave Energy. 13. Tidal Energy. 14. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion and Ocean Salinity Gradient Energy. 15. Geothermal Energy. 16. Biomass Energy. Part V: ENERGY CONSERVATION, ENERGY STORAGE, AND TRANSPORTATION. 17. Energy Conservation. 18. Energy Storage. 19. Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs). 20. Hydrogen. Part VI: THE FUTURE. 21. Future Prospects and Research and Design Projects. Appendix A: Powers of Ten. Appendix B: Physical Constants. Appendix C: Energy Conversion Factors. Appendix D: Miscellaneous Conversion Factors. Appendix E: Energy Content of Fuels. Appendix F: R-values in Metric and British Units. Appendix G: The Elements. Appendix H: Table of Acronyms.

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Book SynopsisThe challenge in teaching an introductory course on sustainability is there are many ways to teach it, and many issues to cover. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals offer a cohesive and interconnected set of topics to help address this problem – indeed the SDGs are now the guiding framework for planning and implementing sustainability through 2030. They are the focus of international development efforts, and the lingua franca of sustainability as a field of study, the international consensus on “what is sustainability?” As such, the UN SDGs present an ideal framework for an introductory level textbook because taken together, they integrate the “Three Es”—environment, economic development, and equity—that are the core definition of sustainability. This book introduces students to sustainability structured around the 17 UN SDGs. Through a global perspective, with attention given equally to how sustainability challenges the highest income countries of the Global North, as well as to the moderate- and low-income countries of the Global South, Benton-Short synthesizes basic environmental science, policy, and interdisciplinary perspectives while investigating key challenges to developing a more sustainable future through the SDG framework. Readers will easily tackle this complex set of topics through an accessible writing style, comprehensive scholarship, and diverse perspectives. Guided by a lush art program, complete with numerous maps, figures, and photos to enliven the presentation, students will develop a greater understanding of the important trends in sustainability in the twenty-first century. The broad arguments highlighted through numerous case studies and boxes prepare global citizens to grapple with the environmental, social, economic, and political challenges that face our collective future. Features of this exciting, brand-new text include: Chapter opening learning objectives to guide students’ course goals Helpful study aids such as key terms—bolded in the text and compiled both at the end of each chapter and in a comprehensive glossary End-of-chapter questions for discussion and activities to promote active learning A stunning art program, with detailed maps, figures, tables, and photos, to engage students as visual learners Critical Perspectives and Expert Voice boxes to present the diverse perspectives in sustainability Interconnections boxes to help students tie together ideas across the issues Key Terms and Concepts and Understanding the Issue boxes to go in-depth on important topics Making Progress and Solutions boxes that show students hopeful trends toward seemingly intractable problems SDGs and the Law boxes that provide a legal and governance context. Table of ContentsList of IllustrationsPrefaceIntroduction: Sustainability and Sustainable DevelopmentChapter 1: PovertyChapter 2: Hunger and Food InsecurityChapter 3: Health Chapter 4: EducationChapter 5: Gender EqualityChapter 6: Water and SanitationChapter 7: EnergyChapter 8: Decent WorkChapter 9: Infrastructure, Industry and InnovationChapter 10: Reduce Inequalities Chapter 11: Sustainable CitiesChapter 12: Production and Consumption Chapter 13: Climate Change Chapter 14: The Ocean Chapter 15: Terrestrial Ecosystems and BiodiversityChapter 16: Peace, Justice and Human RightsChapter 17: Collaborative Governance and PartnershipsChapter 18: Reflections on Sustainability and Sustainable Development GlossaryIndexAbout the Author

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Book SynopsisIn Wild Design, environmental designer and scientist Alan Marshall presents a manifesto on nature-inspired designs, including visionary concepts as well as exhibits of actual products, landscapes, and artwork from around the world. With elegant photographs and drawings, the book incorporates the ethos of sustainability by documenting many of the results of the Ecomimicry Project, an international experiment in ecodesign that marries the skills of local artists and ecologists from Western Australia and the Carpathian mountains in Eastern Europe.All the designs treat nature as an inspiration for ecofriendly innovations. Among the fascinating possibilities: a bike helmet based on the crustacean exoskeleton, a heliotropic house, and a car fueled by algae. Marshall argues that design should be the responsibility of all, not just a technological elite, and it is in this spirit that he offers this timely, important book.

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Book SynopsisMost companies today have some commitment to corporate social responsibility, but implementing these initiatives can be particularly challenging. While a lot has been written on ethical and strategic factors, there is still a dearth of information on the practical nuts and bolts. And whereas with most other organizational initiatives the sole objective is improved financial performance, sustainability broadens the focus to include social and environmental performance, which is much more difficult to measure. Now updated throughout with new examples and new research, this is a complete guide to implementing and measuring the effectiveness of sustainability initiatives. It draws on Marc Epstein’s and new coauthor Adriana Rejc Buhovac’s solid academic foundation and extensive consulting work and includes best practices from dozens of companies in Europe, Asia, North America, South America, Australia, and Africa. This is the ultimate how-to guide for corporate leaders, strategists, academics, sustainability consultants, and anyone else with an interest in actually putting sustainability ideas into practice and making sure they accomplish their goals.

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Book SynopsisEvery day, we are presented with a range of "sustainable" products and activities-from "green" cleaning supplies to carbon offsets - but with so much labelled as "sustainable," the term has become essentially sustainable, at best indicating a practice or product slightly less damaging than the conventional alternative. Is it time to abandon the concept altogether, or can we find an accurate way to measure sustainability? If so, how can we achieve it? And if not, how can we best prepare for the coming ecological decline? In the latest edition of "Worldwatch Institute's State of the World" series, scientists, policy experts, and thought leaders tackle these questions, attempting to restore meaning to sustainability as more than just a marketing tool. In "State of the World 2013: Is Sustainability Still Possible?", experts define clear sustainability metrics and examine various policies and perspectives, including geo-engineering, corporate transformation, and changes in agricultural policy, that could put us on the path to prosperity without diminishing the well-being of future generations. If these approaches fall short, the final chapters explore ways to prepare for drastic environmental change and resource depletion, such as strengthening democracy and societal resilience, protecting cultural heritage, and dealing with increased conflict and migration flows. "State of the World 2013" cuts through the rhetoric surrounding sustainability, offering a broad and realistic look at how close we are to fulfilling it today and which practices and policies will steer us in the right direction.

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Book SynopsisDiscover your path toward a more sustainable life. The science on climate change is in, and its impacts are being felt around the globe. It's time for every one of us to start finding a new way of living, working, and moving around our planet. The good news is, it doesn't have to be hard, and it doesn't have to feel like a sacrifice. By understanding how you fit into the global picture, and investigating what changes work best for you, you can soften your impact on the planet in as many areas of your life that feel right and work for you. It just takes some planning, some action, and some practice. In Planting a Seed, corporate sustainability expert Kate Gaertner shows you how to develop an action plan that will help you develop new habits and ways of living that fit into your daily life. You'll gain greater insight into how you are personally connected to the larger ecosystems and environmental issues, and start discovering and embracing your values every day through your actions, commitments, and purchases. You'll learn about the six impact categories where your actions can be felt, and customize an adaptation plan that builds from where you are. Offering ideas for sustainability at a small, medium, and large level, Kate shows that living lightly can also mean living well. Accessible and lively, Planting a Seed charts a way toward a greener future by encouraging each of us to find the sustainability path that feels just right.Trade ReviewFor many years, Kate Gaertner directed her sustainability expertise towards greening companies. Now she's using that knowledge to empower individuals on the path to sustainability. Planting a Seed is packed with practical tips to help lighten your family's impact on the planet. Whether you're a nature lover, penny pincher or brand new to going green, Kate will help you create a customized sustainability action plan that is sure to inspire you to become a personal change-maker. --Adria Vasil, bestselling author of the Ecoholic book series Planting a Seed: three simple steps to sustainable living clearly provides readers with accessible actions they can take to begin living more sustainably. Kate Gaertner helps simplify what can seem a very complex process for many people, identifying value drivers that the average person can easily identify in their daily life, and what steps we can take as individuals to make changes in seven clear impact categories. Kate's core message: Start small, do what works for you and your family, and larger positive changes both personally and for the greater community will follow! --Melissa Bruntlett, author of Building the Cycling City and Curbing Traffic 'Kate Gaertner explains how each of us can--must--work to reverse global warming. She reminds me of Body Shop co-founder Anita Roddick, who contrasted the pessimism of the thought with the optimism of the action. It's time for optimism and action.' --John Elkington, Founder & Chief Pollinator at Volans, and author of Green Swans: The Coming Boom in Regenerative Capitalism It's clear that joining movements for change in our political and economic systems is the main way we'll fight climate change--but while you're doing that there are plenty of things around your home that can make a difference too, and this book provides lots of handy ideas! --Bill McKibben, author of The End of Nature "Planting a Seed is a compelling read, lively and fun, with relatable stories and metaphors that simplify otherwise complicated concepts. Kate Gaertner makes sustainable actions accessible to everyone. Buy this book! --Gregg Semler, CEO of InPipe Energy Now it's personal. Individuals are stewards of sustainable change. In her uplifting book, Kate Gaertner provides the knowledge, tools, and easy-to-adopt frameworks for lowering environmental impact in all parts of one's life. --Dan Kalafatas, co-founder and chairman of 3Degrees

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Book SynopsisWealth is no longer just an ability to live well in a world shaped by human activities. It is also an ability to push back or defer the limits of a world in biological and climatic closure. This book examines the theoretical conflicts and the power plays which often oppose the socio-political and technical-financial practices of recognition of what intervenes in the production of this wealth – i.e. of what has value. It lays down the principles of a contributory modeling method, allowing debates around the concept of development; the building of scenarios; the negotiation of their implementation; and a cross-sectoral reading of their social, ecological and economic costs. This method, called Dynamic Modeling of Cost Systems, is based on a territorial communication device which articulates political, contractual and accounting innovations using deliberative and normative digital tools. It combines different local representations of value, in order to approach wealth through an integrated analysis of micro-, meso- and macro- issues.Table of ContentsIntroduction vii Chapter 1. Economics and Imbalances 1 1.1. Capturing power 1 1.1.1. From eco-development to sustainable development 2 1.1.2. Interest and limits of the decoupling concept 10 1.2. Systemic approach to the economy 19 1.2.1. Nature and structure of productive capital 21 1.2.2. Spaces and temporalities of productive phenomena 29 1.3. Conclusion 38 Chapter 2. Information Structures Production 41 2.1. The value chain: an outdated representation 41 2.1.1. Toward a functional economy 42 2.1.2. Valuing multifunctional production 50 2.2. Reinventing performance 58 2.2.1. Information socioeconomy 59 2.2.2. Preserving the functional heritage 67 2.3. Conclusion 72 Chapter 3. Communication Renews Rationalities 75 3.1. From agent to actor 75 3.1.1. Decompartmentalizing the economic space 76 3.1.2. Toward a cooperative transaction society 84 3.2. To discuss is to produce 89 3.2.1. Toward a hermeneutical and contributory web 91 3.2.2. A contributory platform for political economy 100 3.3. Conclusion 107 Chapter 4. Accounting: The Figure in Dialogue 109 4.1. Performance systems 109 4.1.1. Coupling between functional ecosystems 111 4.1.2. Multiscalar and cross-sectoral scenarios 123 4.2. Cost systems 133 4.2.1. Internalization and territorialization 134 4.2.2. Structuring the micro–macro accounting space 142 4.3. Conclusion 154 Chapter 5. Contractualizing: The Value in Act 157 5.1. Restructuring the transactional space 157 5.1.1. Levels of representation and materiality 159 5.1.2. Intangible assets and performance contract 166 5.2. Taking the measure of the territorial heritage 178 5.2.1. An irreducible interface between performance and profitability 179 5.2.2. Territorial informative and cognitive assessment 186 5.3. Conclusion 194 Chapter 6. Development, Changing the Compass and the Map 197 6.1. Dynamic Modeling of Cost Systems 197 6.1.1. Linking shared representations and activity costs 199 6.1.2. Relative growth and strategic alignment 207 6.2. Social value of acceleration 219 6.2.1. Entropy, wealth and time 221 6.2.2. Turning toward sustainability 229 6.3. Conclusion 241 Conclusion 245 Postface 255 References 259 Index 281

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Book SynopsisAfter WWII, the United States of America proposed their way of life, based on an unlimited consumption of land, goods, and energy, as a model for the entire world. Nowadays, this expansionist model has reached its limits. This book provides a comprehensive study of the geographical basis of the American settlements, assuming that part of the U.S. overshooting is related to geography because of harsh climates and the continental size of the Nation, but another part is the result of a cultural habits of expansion and segregation. Urban Sprawl, for instance, is the real Achille's heel of America, because it challenges the cultural revolution required by sustainability. From the continental physiography to the New Orleans – Katrina case, this book explores these issues with maps and charts created with the help of a nationwide multiscalar GIS.Table of ContentsIntroduction ix Chapter 1. The American Territory 1 1.1. A continent-nation with a dispersed population 1 1.2. Major geographical areas 5 1.3. Unfavorable climatic factors 9 1.4. Physical geography of the US 17 Chapter 2. Developing the Territory 23 2.1. Agricultural regions 23 2.2. An agriculture which does not influence settlement 29 2.3. The abundance and limits of natural resources 33 2.4. Working towards the sustainable management of the American forest 33 2.5. Fossil resources-abundance and dependence 36 2.6. The case of fossil fuels 37 2.7. Environmental protection 46 Chapter 3. A Rapidly Growing Population 49 3.1. A relatively high fertility rate due to immigration 50 3.2. Life expectancy and aging 51 3.3. Aging – regional disparities 53 3.4. Immigration to the United States of America. 54 3.5. The country’s gateways 58 Chapter 4. A Multi-ethnic Nation 63 4.1. Native peoples 64 4.2. A nation of immigrants 66 4.3. The African-American question 68 4.4. America and Mexico 76 4.5. Geography of the population of Asian origin 82 Chapter 5. Regional Dynamics 85 5.1. Main features of settlement in the US territory 89 5.2. The dynamics of regional settlement between 1930 and 2005 95 Chapter 6. Economic Change and Territories 99 6.1. A changing economy 99 6.2. Economic growth 102 6.3. Industrial change105 6.4. A population on the move 108 6.5. Migration of retired populations 117 Chapter 7. A Suburban Nation 119 7.1. Urban sprawl 121 7.2. Big cities 126 7.3. Consequences of urban sprawl on sustainable development 131 7.4. Urban sprawl is not only a big city phenomenon 133 Chapter 8. Urban Fragmentation and Sprawl 137 8.1. Social divisions find expression in land use patterns 137 8.2. The challenge of governance in fragmented metropolitan areas 171 8.3. The crisis of cities 174 Chapter 9. New Orleans in Dangerous Waters 177 9.1. The physical components of natural hazards 178 9.2. Increased vulnerability from urban sprawl 184 9.3. The consequences of a natural disaster 195 Conclusion 203 Glossary 211 References 239 List of Tables and Figures 245 Index 251

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Book SynopsisThis textbook explains the various aspects of sustainable agricultures to undergraduate and graduate students. The book first quantifies the components of the crop energy balance, i.e. the partitioning of net radiation, and their effect on the thermal environment of the canopy. The soil water balance and the quantification of its main component (evapotranspiration) are studied to determine the availability of water to rain fed crops and to calculate crop water requirements. Then it sets the limitations of crop production in relation to crop phenology, radiation interception and resource availability (e.g. nutrients). With that in mind the different agricultural techniques (sowing, tillage, irrigation, fertilization, harvest, application of pesticides, etc.) are analyzed with special emphasis in quantifying the inputs (sowing rates, fertilizer amounts, irrigation schedules, tillage plans) required for a given target yield under specific environmental conditions (soil & climate). For all techniques strategies are provided for improving the ratio productivity/resource use while ensuring sustainability. The book comes with online practical focusing on the key aspects of management in a crop rotation (collecting weather data, calculating productivity, sowing rates, irrigation programs, fertilizers rates etc). Table of ContentsPART A: CROPS AND THE ENVIRONMENT.- Chapter 1. Introduction to agricultural systems.- Chapter 2. The soil. Physical and chemical properties.- Chapter 3. Radiation balance.- Chapter 4. Wind and turbulence.- Chapter 5. Air temperature and humidity.- Chapter 6. Soil temperature.- Chapter 7. The energy balance.- Chapter 8. Water balance: Infiltration, runoff and percolation.- Chapter 9. Evapotranspiration and crop water requirements.- PART B: DETERMINANTS OF CROP PRODUCTIVITY Chapter 10 Crop development and growth.- Chapter 11 Photosynthesis and respiration.- Chapter 12 Density and competition.- Chapter 13. Potential productivity.- Chapter 14 Water-limited productivity.- Chapter 15. Other limitations to crop productivity.- PART C: SOWING, SOIL MANAGEMENT AND SOIL CONSERVATION.- Chapter 16. Planting and sowing.- Chapter 17. Tillage.- Chapter 18. Soil erosion and soil conservation.- PART D: WATER MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF SALINITY.- Chapter 19. Irrigation systems.- Chapter 20. Irrigation scheduling.- Chapter 21. Deficit irrigation.- Chapter 22. Control of salinity.- PART E: FERTILIZER MANAGEMENT.- Chapter 23. Fertilizers.- Chapter 24. N fertilization.- Chapter 25. P, K and other nutrients.- Chapter 26. Fertigation.- PART F: ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL AND OTHER TECHNIQUES.- Chapter 27. Windbreaks, agroforestry.- Chapter 28. Temperature modification.- Chapter 29. Frost control.- Chapter 30. Control of weeds and other biotic factors.- Chapter 31. Application of herbicides and other biotic control agents.- Chapter 32. Harvest and conservation.- Chapter 33. New tools and methods in agronomy: remote sensing, site specific agriculture and simulation modeling applications.- PART G: Cropping systems.- Chapter 34. Cropping and farming systems.- Chapter 35. Farming and the sustainability of food systems.

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisThis book explores how technological progress accelerates the transformation of economic development by adopting a fundamental logical approach to technological progress, intensive inputs, and promotion of productive efficiency to transformation of economic development. It investigates the internal mechanisms and the choice of corresponding modes that initiate technological progress to accelerate the transformation of economic development at three basic research levels: micro-enterprise level, mid-industry level and macro-economy level. Based on the above research, the book summarizes four dimensions facilitating the transformation: agricultural intensification, new industrialization, modernization of the service industry and the advanced manufacturing industry, and linkage of the modern service industry. This book is especially valuable in its hierarchical categorization covering theoretical, empirical, industrial and strategic exploration. On one hand, it analyzes the mechanisms and approaches influencing the transformation of economic development driven by technological progress from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. On the other hand, based on the introduction of advanced international experiences, it probes into the guarantee basis for the strategic implementation and the corresponding mode choices of the transformations. Furthermore, it offers specific policy proposals from both the macro level of how technological progress promotes the transformation of economic development and the micro level covering the agricultural, industrial and service industries.Table of ContentsChapter1 Literature Review of Technological Improvement and Transformation of Economic Development Model.- Chapter2 Theoretical Research: Endogenous Growth Model Embedded with Innovation Heterogeneity.- Chapter3 Mechanical Analysis: Technological Improvement and the Transformation of Industry Development.- Chapter4 An International Comparison: Technological Improvement and the Transformation of Economic Development Model.- Chapter5 Measurement and Analysis of China’s Technological Improvement Comprehensive Capability and its Evolvement.- Chapter6 An Empirical Study of Economic Development Mode Transformation Promoted by Technological Improvement.- Chapter7 Technological Improvement and Agricultural Development Mode Transformation: Agricultural Intensification.- Chapter8 Technological Improvement and Industrial Development Mode Transfor mations: New Industrialization.- Chapter9Technological Improvement and Service Development Mode Transformation: Modernized Service Industry.- Chapter10 A Linkage between Advanced Manufacturing Industry and Modern Service Industry Promoted by Technological Improvement.- Chapter11 Basic Guarantee Foundation for the Implementation of China’s Technological Advance Strategies.- Chapter12 Mode Selections for the Transformation of Economic Development Mode Promoted by Technological Improvement.- Chapter13 Policy Proposals for Economic Development Mode Transformation Promoted by Technological Improvement.

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