Structural engineering Books

Book SynopsisShells are basic structural elements of modern technology. Examples of shell structures include automobile bodies, domes, water and oil tanks, pipelines, ship hulls, aircraft fuselages, turbine blades, laudspeaker cones, but also balloons, parachutes, biological membranes, a human skin, a bottle of wine or a beer can. This volume contains full texts of over 100 papers presented by specialists from over 20 countries at the 8th Conference Shell Structures: Theory and Applications, 12-14 October, 2005 in Jurata (Poland). The aim of the meeting was to bring together scientists, designers, engineers and other specialists in shell structures in order to discuss important results and new ideas in this field. The goal is to pursue more accurate theoretical models, to develop more powerful and versatile methods of analysis, and to disseminate expertise in design and maintenance of shell structures. Among the authors there are many distinguished specialists of shell structures, incTable of ContentsPrefaceOrganisation General lectures Theoretical modelling Stability Dynamics Finite element analyses Engineering design Author index

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Book SynopsisInnovations in Structural Engineering and Construction focuses on the latest developments in innovative techniques and solutions in structural engineering and construction. The book includes contributions on specific types of materials and structures, such as reinforced concrete structures, steel structures, bridges, high-rise buildings and precast systems. Structures are also considered in the context of the environment, with contributions on geotechnical engineering, earthquake engineering, and fire engineering. The area of construction includes papers on construction planning and project management, contracting and claims, cost and quality control, and knowledge management. Other papers consider damage assessment, hazard and risk management, reliability analysis, optimal design, and engineering education and ethics. The collection will be of interest to structural and construction engineers, architects and those involved in the building and construction industry. It

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Book SynopsisShell Structures. Theory and Applications, Volume 2 contains 77 contributions from over 17 countries, reflecting a wide spectrum of scientific and engineering problems of shell structures. The papers are divided into six broad groups: 1. General lectures; 2. Theoretical modeling; 3. Stability; 4. Dynamics; 5. Numerical analysis; 6. Engineering design, and will be of interest to academics, researchers, designers and engineers dealing with theoretical modelling, computerized analyses and engineering design of thin-walled structures and shell structural elements.Table of ContentsPreface, Organization and Committees, Acknowledgements, General lectures, Theoretical modelling, Stability, Dynamics, Numerical analysis, Author index

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Book SynopsisR.C. Hibbeler graduated from the University of Illinois-Urbana with a B.S. in Civil Engineering (major in Structures) and an M.S. in Nuclear Engineering. He obtained his PhD in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics from Northwestern University. Professor Hibbeler's professional experience includes postdoctoral work in reactor safety and analysis at Argonne National Laboratory, and structural and stress analysis work at Chicago Bridge and Iron, as well as at Sargent and Lundy in Chicago. He has practiced engineering in Ohio, New York, and Louisiana.

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Book SynopsisElastic plates form a class of very important mechanical structures that appear in a wide range of practical applications, from building bodies to microchip production. As the sophistication of industrial designs has increased, so has the demand for greater accuracy in analysis. This in turn has led modelers away from Kirchoff's classical theory for thin plates and toward increasingly refined models that yield not only the deflection of the middle section, but also account for transverse shear deformation. The improved performance of these models is achieved, however, at the expense of a much more complicated system of governing equations and boundary conditions.In this Monograph, the authors conduct a rigorous mathematical study of a number of boundary value problems for the system of partial differential equations that describe the equilibrium bending of an elastic plate with transverse shear deformation. Specifically, the authors explore the existence, uniqueness, and continuous dependence of the solution on the data. In each case, they give the variational formulation of the problems and discuss their solvability in Sobolev spaces. They then seek the solution in the form of plate potentials and reduce the problems to integral equations on the contour of the domain.This treatment covers an extensive range of problems and presents the variational method and the boundary integral equation method applied side-by-side. Readers will find that this feature of the book, along with its clear exposition, will lead to a firm and useful understanding of both the model and the methods.Trade Review"It is amazing that the authors have managed to cover so many fundamental boundary-value problems and present the variational method and the boundary integral equation method applied side-by-side in a single volume…This feature of the book will certainly strengthen understanding of both the model and the methods. The writing style is very clear, the book is self-contained and easy to read, and it should be extremely valuable to researchers interested in applied analysis and mathematical models in elasticity."-Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society (2002, vol. 45) "This book will be useful for mathematicians, theoretical engineers, and all interested in mathematical modeling in elasticity."-European Mathematical Society Newsletter, No. 40 (June 2001)Table of ContentsIntroduction. Formulation of the Problems. Variational Formulation of the Dirichlet and Neumann Problems. Boundary Integral Equations for the Dirichlet and Neumann Problems. Transmission Boundary Value Problems. Plate Weakened by a Crack. Boundary Value Problems with Other Types of Boundary Conditions. Plate on a Generalized Elastic Foundation. Appendix.

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Book SynopsisThis new edition of a successful engineering text provides an interpretation of the more theoretical guidance given in the new suite of Eurocodes for the subject of retaining structures. The book qualifies the extensive set of guides in terms of the design of these structures and provides a clear path through the process. It still discusses structural elements individually so that expertise can be applied to any situation likely to be encountered. The modifications, such as changes to surface zones, the critical steel ratio, the maximum crack spacing (flexural and imposed strain) and edge restraint, that have been introduced into the Eurocodes are highlighted and discussed in detail. The new suite of Eurocodes is claimed to be the most technically advanced codes in the world; the codes were developed with the intention of making them less restrictive than existing codes. The third edition reflects this philosophy by providing more theoretical background information and discussion, with specific reference to current and previous research, helping the reader to achieve a greater understanding and a wider application of the basic design guidance as the codes intended.As such the book remains a vital tool for practising civil and structural engineers.Trade Review'...the text is comprehensive and lucid. ...is well researched, written and produced and it reads very well. ...this edition will become a great boon to its target audience of practicing civil and structural engineers and postgraduate students'. The Structural EngineerTable of ContentsIntroduction; Basis of design and materials; Design of reinforced concrete; Design of prestressed concrete; Distribution reinforcement and joints: design for thermal stresses and shrinkage in restrained panels; Design calculations; Testing and rectification; Vapour exclusion; References. Index

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Book SynopsisDuring the last decade, concrete technology has made an enormous advance through the introduction of self-compacting concrete. This application of nanotechnology in construction provides benefits from the perspective of materials technology and environmental protection and is presenting diverse opportunities to engineers and architects alike. Good quality concrete is compacted, traditionally by vibration. This book defines the key properties that make fresh concrete self-compacting and outlines test methods for its assessment. It covers the basic principles and underlying scientific theory, practical advice for production of SCC and its use in construction practice, and is illustrated by practical case studies and applications. All stages of the self-compacting concrete construction process are reviewed, from selection of materials, mix design and mixing process to transport, placing and finishing. The range of benefits offered go beyond fundamental aspects of concrete quality and productivity; it includes a major improvement in the health and safety of workers.Reductions of noise levels on construction sites, together with utilisation of inorganic industrial wastes such as quarry dusts are additional benefits. Information necessary for maximising the benefits offered by self-compacting concrete is provided, with an emphasis on an integrated approach, in which SCC is already selected in the design stage. Novel structural elements become feasible, in part due to the facility to pump under pressure, and management of the construction process can be adjusted to minimise costs. Significant completed projects are described which illustrate the potential benefits and key aspects of the new self-compacting concrete technology in practice.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction; Self-compacting concrete; Constituent materials; Fresh self-compacting concrete; Mix design; Construction process; Hydration and microstructure; Engineering properties; Durability; Standards and specifications; Benefits of using SCC; Practical applications; References. Bibliography. Index

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Book SynopsisThis book presents a discussion of problems encountered in the deployment of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). It puts emphasis on the early tasks of designing and proofing the concept of integration of technologies in Intelligent Transport Systems. In its first part the book concentrates on the design problems of urban ITS. The second part of the book features case studies representative for the different modes of transport. These are freight transport, rail transport and aerospace transport encompassing also space stations. The book provides ideas for deployment which may be developed by scientists and engineers engaged in the design of Intelligent Transport Systems. It can also be used in the training of specialists, students and post-graduate students in universities and transport high schools.Table of ContentsPart I Deployment of ITS in Road Transport.- Part II ITS Case Studies.

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Book SynopsisUmfassender Einblick, basierend auf neuen Normen: Ein Buch für Ingenieure in Planung, Bau und Betrieb wasserwirtschaftlicher Projekte. Mit allen relevanten Bereichen des Wasserbaus für aktuelle Aufgaben und Lösungsansätze. Die in diesem Buch veröffentlichten Ergebnisse neuerer Forschungen sind bereits erprobt. Mit: Kapitel zur Modernisierung bestehender Anlagen, Normen und Regelwerke, europäische Wasserrahmenrichtlinie, Wasserbau-Norm DIN 19700.Trade ReviewAus den Rezensionen: "Vor allem in den letzten Jahrzehnten entstanden neue Techniken und Bauformen, die die sehr alte Disziplin des Wasserbaus in vielen Bereichen gefördert haben. Entsprechend werden in diesem neuen Lehrbuch sowohl die Grundlagen als auch die neueren Entwicklungen dargestellt. Da Werk liefert einen Überblick über das ganze breite Themenspektrum … Durch eine Vielzahl von Abbildungen wird die Vielfalt der mit dem [sic] Wasserbauzusammenhängenden Aufgaben und Lösungsansätze sehr veranschaulicht, womit das Buch ein gutes Einstiegswerk in den Wasserbau darstellt." (in: WasserWirtschaft, 2007, Vol. 97, Issue 9, S. 8)Table of ContentsEinführung.- Planungsgrundlagen.- Flussbau.- Wehre.- Talsperren.- Wasserkraft.- Binnenschifffahrt.- Hochwasser.- Wasserbau im Ausland.- Sanierung und Modernisierung.- Hydraulische Modelle.- Rechtliche Aspekte.

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Book SynopsisEinleitung.- Problematik: Erdölbergwerk.- Gewinnungsprinzip: Schwerkraftdrainage.- Gewinnungsstoff: Erdöl-Fluide.- Gewinnungsort: Erdölbergwerk-Lagerstätte.- Gewinnungszugang: Erdölbergwerk-Grubengebäude.- Gewinnungsmenge: Erdölbergwerk-Förderung.- Gewinnungsversorgung: Erdölbergwerk-Infrastruktur.- Gewinn: Erdölbergwerk-Wirtschaftlichkeit.- Erdölbergwerke Europa.- Erdölbergwerke: Asien.- Erdölbergwerke: Australien.- Erdölbergwerke: Nord- und Südamerika.- Erdölbergwerke Studien.- Zusammenfassung und Ergebnis.-Übersichten.

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Book SynopsisWuhan is considered the engineering centre of China. Its 10 million inhabitants enjoy impressive buildings in an area famous for the massive Three Gorges Dam development. Wuhan’s other ambitious projects include power plants, tunnels and bridges, playing an important role in projecting China’s ideas on its identity and power.

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Book SynopsisYour guide to the design and construction of foundations on expansive soils Foundation Engineering for Expansive Soils fills a significant gap in the current literature by presenting coverage of the design and construction of foundations for expansive soils.Table of ContentsPreface xv List of Symbols xix List of Abbreviations xxv 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Purpose 2 1.2 Organization 2 1.3 Terminology 4 References 7 2. NATURE OF EXPANSIVE SOILS 9 2.1 Microscale Aspects of Expansive Soil Behavior 9 2.1.1 The Clay Particle 10 2.1.2 Adsorbed Cations and Cation Hydration 15 2.1.3 The Clay Micelle 17 2.1.4 Crystalline and Osmotic Expansion 19 2.1.5 Effect of Mineralogy on Plasticity of Soil 21 2.1.6 Effect of Mineralogy on Expansion Potential 22 2.1.7 Effect of Type of Cation on Expansion Potential 22 2.2 Macroscale Aspects of Expansive Soil Behavior 24 2.2.1 Development of Natural Soil Deposits 24 2.2.2 Effect of Plasticity on Expansion Potential 26 2.2.3 Effect of Soil Structure, Water Content, and Density on Expansion Potential 27 2.3 Identification of Expansive Soils 30 2.3.1 Methods Based on Physical Properties 30 2.3.2 Mineralogical Methods 36 2.3.3 Chemical Methods 37 2.3.4 Comments on Identification Methods 39 2.4 Characteristics of Expansive Soil Profiles 40 2.4.1 Geographic Distribution of Expansive Soils 40 2.4.2 Expansive Soil Profiles 40 References 53 3. SITE INVESTIGATION 59 3.1 Program of Exploration 59 3.1.1 Reconnaissance Investigation 60 3.1.2 Preliminary Investigation 60 3.1.3 Design-Level Investigation 61 3.2 Forensic Investigation 68 References 72 4. SOIL SUCTION 74 4.1 Soil Suction Components 74 4.1.1 Matric Suction 76 4.1.2 Osmotic Suction 80 4.1.3 Total Suction 82 4.2 Soil Water Characteristic Curve 82 4.2.1 Mathematical Expressions for SWCC 84 4.2.2 Soil Water Characteristic Curves for Expansive Soils 86 4.2.3 Influence of Stress State on Soil Water Characteristic Relationships 89 4.2.4 Effect of Suction on Groundwater Profiles 89 4.3 Measurement of Matric Suction 90 4.3.1 Tensiometers 92 4.3.2 Axis Translation Technique 94 4.3.3 Filter Paper Method for Matric Suction 98 4.3.4 Thermal Conductivity Sensors 103 4.3.5 Electrical Resistance Sensors 104 4.4 Measurement of Osmotic Suction 105 4.4.1 Osmotic Tensiometers 105 4.4.2 Pore Fluid Extraction Technique 106 4.5 Measurement of Total Suction 107 4.5.1 Psychrometers 109 4.5.2 Filter Paper Method for Total Suction 110 References 114 5. STATE OF STRESS AND CONSTITUTIVE RELATIONSHIPS 119 5.1 State of Stress and Stress State Variables 119 5.2 Stress–Volume Relationships 124 5.3 Stress–Water Relationships 125 References 126 6. OEDOMETER TESTING 127 6.1 Consolidation-Swell and Constant Volume Tests 129 6.2 Correction of Oedometer Test Data 132 6.2.1 Correction for Oedometer Compressibility 133 6.2.2 Correction for Specimen Disturbance in the CV Test 137 6.2.3 Effect of the Corrections on Expansion Properties 138 6.3 Relationship Between CS and CV Swelling Pressures (the m Method) 140 6.4 Factors Influencing Oedometer Test Results 144 6.4.1 Initial Stress State Conditions 145 6.4.2 Soil Fatigue 146 6.4.3 Initial Consolidation of Sample 146 6.4.4 Time and Method of Inundation 147 6.4.5 Storage of Samples 148 6.4.6 Competency of Laboratory Personnel 149 References 149 7. WATER MIGRATION IN EXPANSIVE SOILS 152 7.1 Water Flow in Unsaturated Soils 153 7.1.1 Darcy’s Law for Unsaturated Soils 153 7.1.2 Water Mass Balance Equation 154 7.1.3 Vertical Seepage in Unsaturated Soil 155 7.1.4 Flow through Fractured Rocks and Bedding Planes 158 7.2 Depth and Degree of Wetting 162 7.2.1 Depth of Wetting 162 7.2.2 Degree of Wetting 163 7.2.3 Perched Water Tables in Layered Strata 164 7.2.4 Wetting Profiles 165 7.3 Determination of Final Water Content Profiles for Design 167 7.3.1 Hand Calculation of Final Water Contents for Design 168 7.3.2 Computer Modeling of Water Migration 170 7.4 Challenges in Water Migration Modeling for Expansive Soils 177 References 178 8. COMPUTATION OF PREDICTED HEAVE 182 8.1 Oedometer Methods 183 8.1.1 The Heave Equation 184 8.1.2 Computation of Free-Field Heave 186 8.1.3 Computation of Heave under an Applied Load 195 8.1.4 Computation of Design Heave 195 8.1.5 Discussion of Earlier Oedometer Methods Proposed to Compute Heave 201 8.1.6 Comments on the Heave Index 204 8.2 Soil Suction Methods 204 8.2.1 McKeen (1992) 205 8.2.2 Department of the Army (1983) 211 8.2.3 Hamberg and Nelson (1984) 212 8.2.4 Lytton (1994) 213 8.3 Empirical Methods 214 8.4 Progression of Heave with Time 214 8.4.1 Hyperbolic Equation 214 8.4.2 Use of Water Migration Modeling to Analyze Rate of Heave 221 8.5 Free-Field Surface Movement for Shrink–Swell Soils 222 8.6 Discussion of Heave Prediction 223 References 224 9. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR FOUNDATION AND FLOOR DESIGN 227 9.1 Risk and Life Cycle Costs 230 9.1.1 Classification of Expansion Potential 230 9.1.2 Risk Factor 234 9.2 Foundation Alternatives 243 9.3 Factors Influencing Design of Structures on Expansive Soils 243 9.3.1 Tolerable Foundation Movement 243 9.3.2 Design Life 251 9.3.3 Design Active Zone and Degree of Wetting 252 9.3.4 Site Grading 252 9.4 Remedial Measures 253 References 255 10. SOIL TREATMENT AND MOISTURE CONTROL 258 10.1 Overexcavation and Replacement 259 10.2 Prewetting Method 264 10.3 Chemical Admixtures 267 10.3.1 Lime Treatment 267 10.3.2 Cement Treatment 273 10.3.3 Fly Ash Treatment 274 10.3.4 Chemical Injection 274 10.4 Moisture Control Alternatives 275 10.4.1 Moisture Barriers 276 10.4.2 Subsurface Drains 281 10.4.3 Surface Grading and Drainage 283 10.5 Summary of Soil Treatment Methods 289 References 290 11. DESIGN METHODS FOR SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS 295 11.1 Spread Footing Foundations 295 11.1.1 Computation of Footing Heave 297 11.1.2 Spread Footing Design Examples 299 11.2 Stiffened Slab Foundations 308 11.2.1 Edge Heave and Center Heave 308 11.2.2 Differential Heave 311 11.3 Remedial Measures for Shallow Foundations 314 11.3.1 Footing Foundations 314 11.3.2 Stiffened Slab-on-Grade 317 11.3.3 Other Methods 318 References 318 12. DESIGN METHODS FOR DEEP FOUNDATIONS 320 12.1 Pier and Grade Beam Foundation 320 12.1.1 Design Methods 324 12.1.2 Load-Bearing Capacity 334 12.2 Patented Piers 335 12.2.1 Helical Piles 335 12.2.2 Micropiles 337 12.2.3 Push Piers 340 12.3 Deep Foundation Design Examples 342 12.3.1 Rigid Pier Design Example 342 12.3.2 APEX Design Example 345 12.3.3 Helical Pile Design Example 348 12.4 Remedial Measures for Deep Foundations 348 12.4.1 Pier and Grade Beam Foundation 349 12.4.2 Underpinning 349 References 350 13. FLOORS AND EXTERIOR FLATWORK 351 13.1 Slabs-on-Grade 351 13.2 Stiffened Slabs 356 13.3 Structural Floors 357 13.4 Exterior Slabs and Flatwork 358 13.5 Remediation Techniques 359 13.5.1 Structural Floor Systems 361 13.5.2 Moisture Control 361 13.5.3 Chemical Injection 361 13.5.4 Isolation of the Slab 361 13.5.5 Exterior Slabs 362 References 362 14. LATERAL PRESSURE ON EARTH RETAINING STRUCTURES 363 14.1 Computation of Lateral Pressure from Expansive Soils 363 14.2 Testing for Measuring Lateral Swelling Pressure 365 14.3 Reduction of Lateral Swelling Pressure 366 14.4 Design for Lateral Earth Pressure 367 References 370 Index 373

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Book SynopsisEvolutionary Topology Optimization of Continuum Structures treads new ground with a comprehensive study on the techniques and applications of evolutionary structural optimization (ESO) and its later version bi-directional ESO (BESO) methods. Since the ESO method was first introduced by Xie and Steven in 1992 and the publication of their well-known book Evolutionary Structural Optimization in 1997, there have been significant improvements in the techniques as well as important practical applications. The authors present these developments, illustrated by numerous interesting and detailed examples. They clearly demonstrate that the evolutionary structural optimization method is an effective approach capable of solving a wide range of topology optimization problems, including structures with geometrical and material nonlinearities, energy absorbing devices, periodical structures, bridges and buildings. Presents latest developments and applications in this incTable of ContentsPreface 1 Introduction 1.1 Structural Optimization 1.2 Topology Optimization of Continuum Structures 1.3 ESO/BESO and the Layout of the Book References 2 Evolutionary Structural Optimization Method 2.1 Introduction 2.2 ESO Based on Stress Level 2.3 ESO for Stiffness or Displacement Optimization 2.4 Conclusion References 3 Bi-directional Evolutionary Structural Optimization Method 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Problem Statement and Sensitivity Number 3.3 Filter Scheme and Improved Sensitivity Number 3.4 Element Removal/Addition and Convergence Criterion 3.5 Basic BESO Procedure 3.6 Examples of BESO Starting from Initial Full Design 3.7 Examples of BESO Starting from Initial Guess Design 3.8 Example of a 3D Structure 3.9 Mesh-independence Studies 3.10 Conclusion References 4 BESO Utilizing Material Interpolation Scheme with Penalization 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Problem Statement and Material Interpolation Scheme 4.3 Sensitivity Analysis and Sensitivity Number 4.4 Examples 4.5 Conclusion References Appendix 4.1 5 Comparing BESO with Other Topology Optimization Methods 5.1 Introduction 5.2 The SIMP Method 5.3 Comparing BESO with SIMP 5.4 Discussion on Zhou and Rozvany (2001) Example 5.5 Conclusion References 6 BESO for Extended Topology Optimization Problems 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Minimizing Structural Volume with a Displacement or Compliance Constraint 6.3 Stiffness Optimization with an Additional Displacement Constraint 6.4 Stiffness Optimization of Structures with Multiple Materials 6.5 Topology Optimization of Periodic Structures 6.6 Topology Optimization of Structures with Design-dependent Gravity Load 6.7 Topology Optimization for Natural Frequency 6.8 Topology Optimization for Multiple Load Cases 6.9 BESO Based on von Mises Stress 6.10 Conclusion References 7 Topology Optimization of Nonlinear Continuum Structures 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Objective Functions and Nonlinear Analysis 7.3 Sensitivity Analysis and Sensitivity Number for Force Control 7.4 Sensitivity Analysis and Sensitivity Number for Displacement Control 7.5 BESO Procedure for Nonlinear Structures 7.6 Examples of Nonlinear Structures under Force Control 7.7 Examples of Nonlinear Structures under Displacement Control 7.8 Conclusion References 8 Optimal Design of Energy Absorption Structures 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Problem Statement for Optimization of Energy Absorption Structures 8.3 Sensitivity Number 8.4 Evolutionary Procedure for Removing and Adding Material 8.5 Numerical Examples and Discussions 8.6 Conclusion References 9 Practical Applications 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Akutagwa River Side Project in Japan 9.3 Florence New Station Project in Italy 9.4 Sagrada Familia Church in Spain 9.5 Pedestrian Bridge Project in Australia 9.6 Conclusion References 10 Computer Program BESO2D 10.1 Introduction 10.2 System Requirements and Program Installation 10.3 Windows Interface of BESO2D 10.4 Running BESO2D from Graphic User Interface 10.5 The Command Line Usage of BESO2D 10.6 Running BESO2D from the Command Line 10.7 Files Produced by BESO2D 10.8 Error messages Index

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Book SynopsisEconomic to build, environmentally friendly, and versatile enough as a material to be used with reinforced concrete or steel, timber constructions are used worldwide. Timber Engineering examines its state of the art, covering the newest developments in practice-related research, while placing the industry in an international context.Trade Review"...worthy of recognition...should not be assigned to the bookshelf...will be established as a constant source of reference..." (Jnl of the Inst of Wood Science, Winter 2004)Table of ContentsList of Contributors. Preface. Timber Engineering - General Introduction (Sven Thelandersson). PART ONE: BASIC PROPERTIES OF WOOD-BASED STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS. Introduction: Wood as a Construction Material (Sven Thelandersson). Grading of Timber with Respect to Mechanical Properties (Carl-Johan Johansson). Structural Timber - Variability and Statistical Modelling (Tord Isaksson). Mechanical Performance and Modelling of Glulam (Erik Serrano). Engineered Wood Products for Structural Purposes (Frank Lam, Helmut Prion). Fracture Perpendicular to Grain - Structural Applications (Per Johan Gustafsson). Strength Under Long-term Loading (Preben Hoffmeyer). Effects of Climate and Climate Variations on Strength (Alpo Ranta-Maunus). PART TWO: DESIGN ASPECTS OF TIMBER STRUCTURES. Introduction: Safety and Serviceability in Timber Engineering (Sven Thelandersson). Reliability of Structures with Timber and Wood-Based Products (Ricardo O. Foschi). Design of Structures based on Glulam, LVL and Other Solid Timber Products (Hans J. Larsen). Short- and Long-term Deformations of Timber Structures (Annika Mårtensson). Vibrations of Timber Floors: Serviceability Aspects (Ian Smith). Design for Earthquake Resistance (Erol Karacabeyli and Marjan Popovski). PART THREE: JOINTS AND STRUCTURAL ASSEMBLIES. Introduction: Fasteners, Joints and Composite Structures (Hans J. Larsen). Joints with Dowel-type Fasteners (Hans J. Blass). Structural Adhesive Joints Including Glued-in Bolts (Simon Aicher). Trusses and Joints with Punched Metal Plate Fasteners (Jacob Nielsen). Shear Walls and Diaphragms (Helmut G.L. Prion, Frank Lam). Composite Structures (Ario Ceccotti). Index.

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Book SynopsisNondestructive Testing involves the use of methods such as wave propagation, electromagnetism, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity to test structural integrity and thereby allow nondestructive assessment of structures and the possibility of structural failures before they occur.Table of ContentsFOREWORD. PREFACE. ABOUT THE AUTHORS. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. PHOTOGRAPHY AND ILLUSTRATION CREDITS. 1. INTRODUCTION AND A BRIEF HISTORY. 1.1Introduction. 1.2A Brief History of Deep Foundations and the Advent of NDT. 1.3Deep Foundation Failures and ND. 1.4 Deficiencies in Existing Foundations. 2. Deep Foundation Construction Methods. 2.1Driven Piles – Timber, Steel and Concrete. 2.2Caissons and Drilled Shafts. 2.3Diaphragm Walls, Cut-off Walls and Barrettes. 2.4Augured, Cast-in-place Pile. 2.5 Micropiles or Minipiles. 2.6Stone Columns and other Soil Improvement Techniques. 3. HOW SOILS AFFECT THE CHOICE OF FOUNDATION. 4. TRADITIONAL, VISUAL AND NEW INSPECTION METHODS FOR DEEP FOUNDATION CONSTRUCTION. 1.1 Driven Piles. 4.2 Augured Cast-in-place Piles. 4.3Drilled Shafts. 4.4The Inspector’s Role. 5. A REVIEW OF FULL-SCALE LOAD-TESTING TECHNIQUES. 5.1Static Load-test Techniques – Axial Compression. 5.2Static Load-test Techniques – Axial Tension. 5.3Static Load-test Techniques – Lateral. 6. HIGH-STRAIN TESTING FOR CAPACITY AND/OR INTEGRITY. 6.1High-strain Dynamic (Drop-weight) Testing of Driven Piles. 6.2High-strain Testing of Drilled Shafts and Augered,Cast-in-place Piles. 6.3Modification of Shaft Head for High-strain Tests. 6.4Practical Considerations for Drop-weight Techniques. 6.5HSDT Alternatives. 6.6Limitations of High-strain Dynamic Testing. 7. LOW-STRAIN SURFACE TESTS – SONIC ECHO. 7.1Sonic Echo (Impulse Echo). 8. SONIC MOBILITY (IMPULSE RESPONSE). 8.1Principles of Impulse–Response Curve Interpretation. 8.2Practical Considerations. 8.3Classification of Signal Responses. 8.4Pile Simulation Techniques. 8.5Time Domain–Velocity Reflectors. 9. THE IMPEDANCE-LOG ANALYSIS. 10.LOW-STRAIN DOWN-HOLE TESTS. 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Cross-Hole Sonic Logging. 10.3Cross-Hole Tomography. 10.4 Single-Hole Sonic Logging. 10.5Gamma–Gamma Logging. 10.6Parallel Seismic Testing. 11. FIELD MOCK-UPS OF DEEP FOUNDATIONS: CLASS-A PREDICTIONS. 12. THE RELIABILITY OF PILE SHAFT INTEGRITY TESTING. 12.1 Statistical NDT Sampling Schemes. 12.2 Methodology Reliability. 13. CURRENT RESEARCH. 13.1 Developments in Measurements and Analysis. 13.2Electrical Methods. 13.3Optical Techniques. 13.4Guided Wave Analysis. 13.5Statistical Analysis. 13.6Self-consolidating Concrete. 13.7Acceptable Vibration Levels. 13.8Automated Monitoring Systems. 13.9Wireless Acquisition Systems. 13.10Smart’ Structures. 14. THE PLACE OF NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY. 14.1Nondestructive Testing and Load and Resistance Factor Design. 14.2Setting Up an Effective Quality Management Program. 14.3Who’s Testing the Tester?. 14.4Acceptance Criteria. 14.5 Evaluating Defects. APPENDIX I. STRESS-WAVE PROPAGATION IN CYLINDRICAL STRUCTURES. Unknown Mechanical Impedance at its Base. APPENDIX II. CONTACT ADDRESSES. APPENDIX III. STANDARDS REFERRED TO IN THIS BOOK. APPENDIX IV. SAMPLE SPECIFICATIONS FOR NDT METHODS FOR DEEP FOUNDATIONS. REFERENCES. INDEX.

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Book SynopsisThe first book on the subject written by a practitioner for practitioners.Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: Behavior of Soil and Rock. PLANNING MONITORING PROGRAMS. Systematic Approach to Planning Monitoring Programs UsingGeotechnical Instrumentation. MONITORING METHODS. Instrumentation Transducers and Data Acquisition Systems. Measurement of Deformation. GENERAL GUIDELINES ON THE EXECUTION OF MONITORING PROGRAMS. Calibration and Maintenance of Instruments. Collection, Processing, Presentation, Interpretation, and Reportingof Instrumentation Data. EXAMPLES OF INSTRUMENTATION APPLICATIONS. Embankments on Soft Ground. Excavated and Natural Slopes. THE KEY TO SUCCESS. The Key to Success: The Chain with 25 Links. Appendices. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisSince the first edition of this book was published in 1995, the use of aluminum as a building material has increased by 23-percent. This revised edition meets the need for a book that presents accurate specifications and up-to-date design guidelines that clarify the Aluminum Association's 2000 Specifications for Aluminum Structures.Table of ContentsPreface to the 1st Edition. Preface to the 2nd Edition. PART I: INTRODUCTION. What's in this Book? What is Aluminum? Working with Aluminum. PART II: STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR OF ALUMINUM. Material Properties for Design. Explanation of the Aluminum Specificaton. Orientation to the Aluminum Specificaton. PART III: DESIGN CHECKS FOR STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS. Structural Members. Connections. Special Topics. PART IV: DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS. Structural Systems Built with Aluminum. PART V: LOAD AND RESISTANCE FACTOR DESIGN. Load and Resistance Factor Design. Appendix A: Pre-1954 Wrought Alloy Designations. Appendix B: Section Properties of Common Aluminum Shapes. Appendix C: Minimum Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys. Appendix D: Allowable Stresses for Elements of Common Aluminum Shapes. Appendix E: LRFD Design Stresses for Elements of Common Aluminum Shapes. Appendix F: Column Buckling Allowable Stresses. Appendix G: Summary of the Aluminum Specification Design Provisions for Columns and Beams. Cross Reference to the Aluminum Specification. Appendix I: LRFD Design Stresses for Various Alloys. Appendix J: Other Aluminum Structural Design Specifications. Appendix K: Buckling Constants. Appendix L: Metric Conversions. Appendix M: Statistics. Appendix N: Technical Organizations. Glossary. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisPrecast concrete and reinforced concrete are two common building materials and both are used in areas where seismic effects must be considered when designing and constructing buildings. This book provides cutting-edge guidance on designing seismicresistant structures built with precast and reinforced concrete.Table of ContentsPreface. Nomenclature. Introduction. Chapter 1. Basic Concepts. 1.1 Ductility - A System Behavior Enhancer. 1.2 Confinement - A Component Behavior Enhancement. 1.3 Shear. Chapter 2. Component Behavior and Design. 2.1 Beams. 2.2 The Beam Column. 2.3 Beam-Column Joints. 2.4 Shear Dominated Systems. Chapter 3. Systems Design. 3.1 Shear Wall Braced Buildings. 3.2 Frame Braded Buildings. 3.3 Diaphragms. 3.4 Design Process Overview. Chapter 4. Design Confirmation. 4.1 Response of Shear Wall Braced Buildings to Ground Motion. 4.2 Frame Braced Buildings. 4.3 Behavior Imponderables. Index.

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Book SynopsisMost books discuss the theory and computational procedures of finite elements (FE). In the past this was necessary, but today''s software packages make FE accessible to users who knows nothing to the theory or of how FE works. People are now using FE software packages as black boxes'', without knowing the dangers of poor modeling, the need to verify that results are reasonable, or that worthless results can be convincingly displayed. Therefore, it is important to understand the physics of the problem, how elements behave, the assumptions and restrictions of FE implementations, and the need to assess the correctness of computed results.Table of ContentsBars and Beams: Linear Static Analysis. Plane Problems. Isoparametric Elements and Solution Techniques. Modeling, Errors, and Accuracy in Linear Analysis. Solids and Solids of Revolution. Plates and Shells. Thermal Analysis. Vibration and Dynamics. Nonlinearity in Stress Analysis. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisA rigorous, concise development of the concepts of modern matrix structural analysis, with particular emphasis on the techniques and methods that form the basis of the finite element method. All relevant concepts are presented in the context of two-dimensional (planar) structures composed of bar (truss) and beam (frame) elements, together with simple discrete axial, shear and moment resisting spring elements. The book requires only some basic knowledge of matrix algebra and fundamentals of strength of materials.Table of ContentsBasic Concepts. Statistically Determinate Trusses. Statistically Determinate Frames. Virtual Work. Introduction to Analysis of Indeterminate Structures: Force Method. Symmetry. Influence Lines. Introduction to the Displacement Method. Displacement Method: Advanced Formulation. Energy Concepts and Approximations. Introduction to Finite Element Analysis. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisSubsurface projects can spell tremendous liability and risk concerns for geotechnical engineers, who pay among the highest liability insurance rates among A/E/C professionals. Written for a non-legal audience by a recognized liability authority, this helpful book brings together the information and expertise needed to manage the non-technical aspects of such projects. Discusses the implications of errors and omissions, applicable law, bid and contract document disclosure, and much more. Filled with relevant case studies.Table of ContentsClient-Consultant Selection (D. Thompson). The Professional Services Agreement (J. Monsees & T. Smirnoff). Subsurface Investigations and Geotechnical Report Preparation (G. Brierley). Preparation of Contract Documents for Subsurface Projects (E. Abbott). Risk Management Considerations for Complex Subsurface Projects (T. Neff). Engineers' Involvement in Construction Means and Methods of Subsurface Projects (R. Simon). Risk Management Considerations for Engineers Engaged by Contractors on Subsurface Projects (J. Guertin). Role of the Professional Consultant in the Evaluation of Differing Site Conditions Claims (S. Poulos). Dispute Resolution Mechanisms for Differing Site Conditions Claims (H. Caspe). Professional Liability and Risk Allocation/Management Considerations for Design and Construction Management Professionals Involved in Subsurface Projects (D. Hatem). Insurance for Subsurface Projects (T. Gilmartin). Appendix. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe definitive practical guide to understanding and solving seepageand drainage problems Now in its third edition, this unique resource offers simplemethods for analyzing and designing seepage and groundwater controlsystems for all major types of civil engineering works. Completewith solid coverage of seepage principles and flow netconstruction, this book is an invaluable aid to engineeringprofessionals and students in mastering this vital subject. Seepage, Drainage, and Flow Nets, Third Edition, features: * Clear explanations of Darcy''s law, permeability, and other coreconcepts * Seepage analyses and drainage designs for earth dams, levees,foundations, earth slopes, roads, airfields, streets, parking lots,and more * Information on contemporary topics, including wick drains,fin drains, and the protection of groundwaters from contamination * An assessment of computer solutions to seepage and drainageproblems * Over 100 examples of flow nets, ranginTable of ContentsBASIC CONSIDERATIONS. Permeability. Seepage Principles. Flow-Net Construction. APPLICATIONS. Filter and Drain Design. Seepage Control in Earth Dams and Levees. Foundation Dewatering and Drainage. Slope Stabilization with Drainage. Roads, Airfields, and Other Surface Facilities. Structural Drainage. Waste Disposal Facilities and Infiltration Ponds. Indexes.

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Book SynopsisMethods and practices for constructing sophisticated prestressedconcrete structures. Construction of Prestressed Concrete Structures, Second Edition,provides the engineer or construction contractor with a completeguide to the design and construction of modern, high-qualityconcrete structures. This highly practicable new edition of Ben C.Gerwick''s classic guide is expanded and almost entirely rewrittento reflect the dramatic developments in materials and techniquesthat have occurred over the past two decades. The first of the book''s two sections deals with materials andtechniques for prestressed concrete, including the latest recipesfor high-strength and durable concrete mixes, new reinforcingmaterials and their placement patterns, modern prestressingsystems, and special techniques such as lightweight concrete andcomposite construction. The second section covers application tobuildings; bridges; pilings; and marine structures, includingoffshore platforms, floating stTable of ContentsPartial table of contents: MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES FOR PRESTRESSED CONCRETE. Materials for Prestressed Concrete. Prestressing Systems. Special Techniques. Durability. Posttensioning Technology. Architectural Prestressed Concrete. Safety. USE OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE. Prestressed Concrete Piling. Prestressed Concrete Bridges. Prestressed Concrete Marine Structures. Prestressed Concrete Floating Structures. Prestressed Concrete Tanks. Pipes, Penstocks, and Aqueducts. Railroad Ties (Sleepers). Road and Airfield Pavements. Machinery Structures. Towers and Special Structures. Maintenance, Repair, and Strengthening of ExistingStructures. Prestressed Concrete--Implications and Prospects. Appendix. About the Author. Index.

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Book SynopsisProcessing the vast amounts of data on the Earth's land surface environment generated by NASA's and other international satellite programs is a significant challenge.Trade Review“…a well-researched book that the environmental modelling community will find an indispensable reference.” (Progress in Physical Geography, Vol.29, No.1, 2005) “…extremely well produced, with good layout, clear type, a useful list of acronyms and a comprehensive index…timely and refreshing...” (The Photogrammetric Record, December 2004) "This volume a very useful and practical addition to the literature on remote sensing.” (E-STREAMS, August 2004)Table of ContentsPreface xv Acronyms xix Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Chapter 2 Atmospheric Shortwave Radiative Transfer Modeling 25 Chapter 3 Canopy Reflectance Modeling 76 Chapter 4 Soil and Snow Reflectance Modeling 143 Chapter 5 Satellite Sensor Radiometric Calibration 178 Chapter 6 Atmospheric Correction of Optical Imagery 196 Chapter 7 Topographic Correction Methods 231 Chapter 8 Estimation of Land Surface Biophysical variables 246 Chapter 9 Estimation of Surface Radiation Budget: I. Broadband Albedo 310 Chapter 10 Estimation of Surface Radiation Budget: II. Longwave 345 Chapter 11 Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation 398 Chapter 12 Validation and Spatial Scaling 431 Chapter 13 Applications 472 Appendix CD-ROM Content 525 Index 528

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive approach to building-related deterioration and intervention This essential technical reference gives building professionals the knowledge and tools they need to better diagnose building-related deterioration, identify sound treatment options and solutions, and design to minimize performance problems on new projects. Combining a clear and accessible explanation of the principles and mechanisms of building deterioration with coverage of a broad array of intervention methods, it is a ready resource for anyone whose work is concerned with improving building performance.Trade Review"We can all benefit from his more than 30 years experience in making buildings work better." (APT Bulletin, June 2002)Table of ContentsPreface. Introduction. Mechanisms and Diagnostics. Structural Systems. Vertical Closure Systems. Horizontal Closure Systems. The Active Systems. Epilogue. Glossary. Index.

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Book SynopsisUsed in floors, roofs, ceilings, roadways, and walls, and in almost every built structure, reinforced concrete is concrete that has been combined with another substance (often steel) to enhance its strength.Table of ContentsBasis of Elastic Theory Analysis. Results of Elastic Theory Analysis. Background of 1971 and 1995 ACI Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete Slab Design. General Lower Bound Limit Analysis and Design. Design by the Strip Method and Other Equilibrium Methods. Basis of Yield Line Theory. Design by Yield Line Theory. Serviceability of Slabs. Shear Strength of Slabs. Prestressed Concrete Slabs. Membrane Action in Slabs. Fire Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Slabs. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe first complete guide to using the Stochastic Finite Element Method for reliability assessment Unlike other analytical reliability estimation techniques, the Stochastic Finite Element Method (SFEM) can be used for both implicit and explicit performance functions, making it a particularly powerful and robust tool for today's engineer.Table of ContentsBasic Concept of Reliability. Commonly Used Probability Distributions. Fundamentals of Reliability Analysis. Simulation Techniques. Implicit Performance Functions: Introduction to SFEM. SFEM for Linear Static Problems. SFEM for Spatial Variability Problems. SFEM-Based Reliability Evaluation of Nonlinear Two- and Three-Dimensional Structures. Structures under Dynamic Loading. Appendices. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisState-of-the-art coverage of modern computational methods for the analysis and design of beams Analysis and Design of Elastic Beams presents computer models and applications related to thin-walled beams such as those used in mechanical and aerospace designs, where thin, lightweight structures with high strength are needed.Table of ContentsBeams in Bending. Beam Elements. Beam Systems. Finite Elements for Cross-Sectional Analysis. Saint-Venant Torsion. Beams Under Transverse Shear Loads. Restrained Warping of Beams. Analysis of Stress. Rational B-Spline Curves. Shape Optimization of Thin-Walled Sections. Appendix A: Using the Computer Programs. Appendix B: Numerical Examples.

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Book SynopsisHigh performance concrete is a key element in virtually all-large construction projects, from tall office and residential buildings to bridges, tunnels and roadways.Trade Review"A welcome addition to the literature on High Performance Concrete." (The Indian Concrete Journal, October 2002)Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgments. General Performance Characteristics. Permeability Effects on Performance of Concrete. Mineral and Chemical Admixtures in High-Strength High-Performance Concrete. Design of Concrete Mixtures for High-Performance Normal- and High-Strength Concrete. High-Performance Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (Low-Density Aggregate Concrete). Long-Term Effects. Characteristics of High-Performance Concrete. Micro- and Macromechanics of High-Performance Concrete. Fiber-Reinforced Concrete and Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Composites. Economics of High-Strength High-Performance Concrete. Proportioning Concrete Structural Elements by ACI 318-99 Code: An Overview. Performance Control for Long-Term Durability: A Summation. High-Performance Concrete in the 21st Century. Appendix A: Tables. Appendix B: Standards and Reports. Author Index. Subject Index.

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Book SynopsisFibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are used to strengthen reinforced concrete (RC) structures; a large amount of research now exists on this. This book brings together all existing research into one volume.Trade Review"...provides the first ever comprehensive, state-of-the-art summary of the existing research on FRP strengthening of RC structures..."(Polymer International, February 2004)Table of ContentsPreface. Notation. FRP Composites for Strengthening RC Structures. Bond Strength of FRP-to-concrete Joints. Flexural Strengthening of Beams. Shear Strengthening of Beams. Flexural Strengthening of Slabs. Strengthening of Axially and Eccentrically Loaded Columns. Seismic Retrofit of Columns. Index.

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Book SynopsisFulfilling a need for a work devoted to stability and bifurcation analysis in dissipative media, this book offers a unified presentation of nonlinear problems in solid mechanics and a complete and unitary analysis on stability and bifurcation problems arising in this framework.Table of ContentsBasic Elements of Statics and Dynamics. Constitutive Relations and Thermodynamics. Elements of Mathematics. Elastic Problems in Small Deformation. Elastic-Plastic Problems in Small Deformaton. Stability of an Equilibrium. Static and Dynamic Bifurcation. Bifurcation Analysis of Conservative Systems. Buckling of Elastic Structures. Complements of Conservative Systems. Plastic Buckling of Beams. Rate Problems and Hill's Criteria. Plastic Bifurcation. Materials and Structures in Finite Deformation. Standard Dissipative Systems. Stability of a Quasi-Static Evolution. Crack Propagation and Stability. Plane Cracks. Contact with Friction. Nonlinear Numerical Analysis. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe compaction guide to greater profits, less hassle. Boost yourbottom line with the expert, efficient soil compaction techniquesand technological solutions in this fully updated Second Edition.This revision will provide the contractor, fill inspector, andgeotechnical engineer with greater coverage of environmentaltopics, including. * Septic system site investigation, evaluation, design, andconstruction, plus existing system renovation, repair, maintenance,and management * The latest uses of artificial fills from around the world--foamplastics, Elastizell, Geocell, Solite, and waste materials likeshredded tires and wood chips * New material and helpful case studies on the correlation ofStandard and Modified Proctor densities and a method fordetermining numerical values of bearing capacities for Proctordensities In addition to the current state of the art of fill technology,basic insights into soil behavior are provided. Innovative andpatented methods of design are preseTable of ContentsAvoiding Costly Blunders. Basics of Soil Compaction Curves: Laboratory Procedures. Major Problems in Compacted Fill Technology: ProposedSolutions. Applied Research and Development. Fills and Fill Compaction. Compaction Specifications. Fill Control Procedures--Inspection. Septic Systems. Techonomics. Appendices. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisA text/reference on analysis of structures that deform in use. Presents a new, integrated approach to analytical dynamics, structural dynamics and control theory and goes beyond classical dynamics of rigid bodies to incorporate analysis of flexibility of structures.Table of ContentsNewtonian Mechanics. Principles of Analytical Mechanics. Concepts from Linear System Theory. Lumped-Parameter Structures. Control of Lumped-Parameter Systems: Classical Approach. Control of Lumped-Parameter Systems: Modern Approach. Distributed-Parameter Structures: Exact and ApproximateMethods. Control of Distributed Structures. A Review of Literature on Structural Control. References. Author Index. Subject Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents the general concept of the Virtual Distortion Method with the necessary theoretical background and a number of its applications to problems of structural analysis and design. The approach presented allows for the development of efficient computational methods for the numerical analysis of problems where, e.g., local failures, the temperature field or permanent plastic deformations are described by virtual distortions. On the other hand, properly modelled (fictitious) virtual distortions can be used to simulate structural modifications such as material redistribution applicable in the optimal redesign process. Finally, virtual distortions can be used to mimic the behaviour of actuators in active structural control problems: shape, stress or vibration control. A number of numerical algorithms are developed, enabling one to solve various problems of structural analysis, design and control.Table of ContentsAnalysis of Initial Stresses and Deformations Caused by VirtualDistortions. Nonlinear Structural Analysis, Truss Structures. Nonlinear Structural Analysis, General Skeletal Structures and 2DContinuum. Analysis. Optimal Structural Design. Optimal Prestress (Passive Control). Active Structural Control. References.

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