Social groups: religious groups and communities Books

Book SynopsisIn the history of Jewish, Christian and Muslim culture, religious identity was not only formed by historical claims, but also by the usage of certain images: “images of God”, “images of the others”, “images of the self.”This book includes a discussion of the role of these images in society and politics, in theology and liturgy, yesterday and today.Trade Review"Der Band versammelt viele und anregende Studien unter dem weiten Titelthema. Die Sorgvalt der Beiträge und deren Zusammenstellung machen die Lektüre lohnend und entdeckungsreich. Der bildwissenschaftliche Ertrag bleibt allerdings überschaubar" – Philipp Stoellger (Rostock), in: Theologische Literaturzeitung 135 (2010)Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION PART 1: WORD AND IMAGE: FUNDAMENTAL QUESTIONS The Tension Between Word and Image in Christianity Willemien Otten The Dialectics of the Icon: A Reference to God? Anton Houtepen Word and Image in Christian Rituals Gerard Rouwhorst Seeing the Divine: a Holy Controversy Alexander Even-Chen Our Image of ‘Others’ and Our Own Identity Daniela Müller Idolatry and the Mirror: Iconoclasm as a Prerequisite for Interhuman Relations Marcel Poorthuis PART II: JEWISH AND CHRISTIAN DEBATES ON IMAGES UNTIL THE REFORMATION Biblical Controversy: A Clash Between Two Divinely Inspired Messages? Shulamit Laderman Anthropomorphism and its Eradication Shamma Friedman Augustine’s Thoughts on How God May Be Represented Paul van Geest The Saint as Icon: Transformation of Biblical Imagery in Early Medieval Hagiography Nienke Vos ‘Erant enim sine deo uero’. Iconoclash in Apocryphal and Liturgical Apostle Traditions of the Medieval West Els Rose Tangible Words: Some Reflections on the Notion of Presence in Gothic Art Babette Hellemans Cathars and the Representation of the Divine: Christians of the Invisible Anne Brenon The Clash Between Catholics and Cathars over Veneration of the Cross Beverly Kienzle Poor Building: The Case of the Friars Minor Gerard Pieter Freeman PART III: PROTESTANT REFORMATION AND CATHOLIC REFORMATION The Prohibition of Images and Protestant Identity Willem van Asselt Aspects of Iconoclasm in Utrecht – Today and in the Past Casper Staal The Alphen Pig War Jo Spaans Papal Prohibitions Midway Between Rigor and Laxity.On the Issue of Depicting the Holy Trinity Jan Hallebeek PART IV: MODERN TIMES The Politics of Representation: Prussian Monarchy and Roman Catholic Church in the Making of Saints During the 19th Century Angela Berlis Christ, Art and the Nation. The Berlin ‘Christ Exhibition’ of 1896 and the Search for a Protestant Identity in Wilhelminian Germany Christopher König The Written Icon Images of God in Modern Dutch Literature Jaap Goedegebuure The New Iconoclasm. The Avant-garde and the Catholic Church Theo Salemink Vandalism as a Secular Iconoclasm Alexander Demandt

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Book SynopsisA wide range of research and review articles are presented. Topic areas include mental and physical health, personality correlates of spirituality, validity evidence for the ASPIRES, and the role of religious values on socio-political attitudes. Also included in this volume are studies examining women's issues surrounding body image and disordered eating. Another paper addresses Christian Serpent handlers, a very understudied group, and the legal, religious, and moral issues surrounding this practice. There is also a special section, edited by Dr. Christopher Boyatzis, that addresses specific issues around adolescant spirituality. This volume provides a diverse snapshot of cutting edge research in the field across multiple disciplines. Readers will come away with an appreciation for the broad interests that characterize this field and the fascinating empirical findings that continue to draw professional interest in numinous constructs.

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Book SynopsisThe Third Edition of Brill’s Encyclopaedia of Islam is an entirely new work, with new articles reflecting the great diversity of current scholarship. It will appear in four substantial segments each year, both online and in print. The new scope includes comprehensive coverage of Islam in the twentieth century and of Muslim minorities all over the world.Table of ContentsʿAbābda ʿAbbās II ʿAbbās Efendi ʿAbd al-Razzāq Beg Dunbulī ʿAbdallāh b. Ḥanẓala ʿAbdī Shīrāzī Abhā al-Abharī, Athīr al-Dīn Abū ʿAmr al-Ṭabarī Abū ʿAṭāʾ al-Sindī Abū l-ʿAzm, Maḥmūd Abū l-Fatḥ Mirzā, Sālār al-Dawla Abū l-Ghayth b. Jāmil Abū Ḥuzāba Abū Isḥāq al-Isfarāyīnī Abū l-Khayr al-Ishbīlī Abū Nukhayla Abū Saʿd al-Makhzūmī Abū l-Wafāʾ al-Būzjānī Abū Yaʿqūb Yūsuf b. ʿAbd al-Muʾmin Abū Zahra, Muḥammad Abyaḍ, Jurj Acquisition ʿĀd Adab al-muftī Adelard of Bath Administrative law ʿAfār and Issa Aganafat Ahlī-yi Shīrāzī Aḥmad b. ʿAlwān Aḥmed Cevād Pasha Qabaağaçzāde Aḥmed Esʿad Pasha Aḥmed Ḥamdī Pasha Aḥmed Mukhtār Pasha, Ghāzī, Qatırcıoğlu Aḥmed Pasha, Melek al-Ahwānī, Aḥmad Fuʾād Ajal ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn al-Samarqandī ʿĀlam ārā-yi ʿAbbāsī ʿAlamī family Alfā Alfonso the Wise ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn b. al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī al-Qurashī ʿAlī Mardān Khān Bakhtiyārī ʿAlī Pasha, Meḥmed Emīn ʿĀlī Qāpū ʿAlids Almāmī Alpago, Andrea Amal al-ʿAmīdī, Rukn al-Dīn Amīn, Aḥmad Amīn al-Ḍarb (Zarb) II, Ḥājj Muḥammad Ḥusayn al-Amīn, Muḥsin Amīn, ʿUthmān Amīr Niẓām Garrūsī, Ḥasan ʿAlī Khān ʿAmmār b. ʿAlī al-Mawṣilī ʿAmr b. Kulthūm ʿAmr b. ʿUbayd Amrī Shīrāzī Anadolu Ḥisārı Anamur Anjuman-i Khuddām-i Kaʿba Anṣārī, Murtaḍā (Murtazā) b. Muḥammad ʿAntara ʿĀqila al-Aqsarāyī, Karīm al-Dīn Arabian Peninsula Arabic language, the dialects Arabism, “Arabists“ ʿArīḍa, Nasīb al-Arnāʾūṭ, Maʿrūf Aḥmad Arrogance Āṣaf Khān Āshtiyānī, Ḥājj Mīrzā Ḥasan Athens al-Aṭrash, Farīd Awadh ʿAyn al-Quḍāt al-Hamadhānī 1. Life and work 2. Intellectual legacy and posthumous image ʿAzīz Koka, Mirzā Bābur Bari, Seh al-Jannāwunī, Abū Zakariyyāʾ al-Junbulānī, Abū Muḥammad Maḥfuz, Najīb

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Book SynopsisIn a series of essays devoted to key terms and ideas in Islam, Bravmann argues on the basis of pre-Islamic and early Islamic texts for an Arabian background to the rise of the religion. In pursuing a through philological examination of the evidence, Bravmann finds core values and ideas of Islam deeply embedded in ancient Arab linguistic expression. His work continues to provide a critical element in the debates about the emergence of Islam and cannot be ignored by anyone trying to assess the complex historiographical problems that surround the issue.Trade Review"...a must for the library of every Arabist and Islamologist." – S.D. Goitein, in: JAOS, 1974 "This work is to be most thoroughly recommended." – W. Montgomery Watt, in: Bull. of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 1973 "...un riche champ d'investigations à la sociologie religieuse." – Jean-Pierre Charnay, in: Archives de Sociologie des Religions "...l'érudition philologique redoutable de M.M. Bravmann." – O. Carré, in: Revue des sciences philosophiques et théologiques, 1976 "Bravmann's careful philological studies provide helpful data..." – A.T. Welch, in: Orientalistische Literaturzeitung, 1978

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Book SynopsisWhile early Zionists envisioned the Jewish state as an outpost of Europe in the Middle East, modern Israel is—geographically speaking—located in Asia and incorporates elements from both “Orient and Occident.” This book sheds light on how the Mediterranean region, its history, traditions, climate, and attitudes have shaped Israeli lived experience and consciousness. It offers new perspectives on the evolving phenomenon of Yam Tikhoniut (hebr. Mediterraneanism), which centers around the longing to find a "natural" place in order that Israel be accommodated in the region, both culturally and politically. This book explores Mediterraneanism as reflected in popular music, literature, architecture, and daily life and analyzes the ways in which the notion comprises cultural identity, societal concepts, and political realities.Trade Review"Alexandra Nocke has done an exemplary job in her encounter with the question of Israel’s Mediterranean identity. This profound and wide-reaching research explores the question from every possible angle. Israel’s Mediterranean identity is, to my mind, the key to its future in the region. [...] This excellent book is highly recommended to anyone who is anxious about the fate of Israel." -- A. B. YehoshuaTable of ContentsPrologue: Israel and I Toward the Sea: An Approach 1. Introduction: Point of Departure 2. Tracing Yam Tikhoniut in Contemporary Israel 3. Mapping Yam Tikhoniut 4. Perceptions of the Mediterranean Region Mediterraneanism is Taking Shape—An Outlook

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Book SynopsisDrawing on legal and ḥadīth texts from the formative and classical periods of Islamic legal history, this book offers an overview of the development of the questions prominent jurists asked and answered about women’s issues. All assumed a woman would marry and thus the book concentrates on women’s family life. The introduction establishes the historical framework within which the jurists worked. A chapter on Qurʾān verses devoted to women’s lives is followed by chapters on marriage and divorce which compare the views of jurists during the formative period. The fourth chapter describes the evolution from the formative to the classical periods. The fifth uses material from both periods to describe the array of legal opinion about other aspects of women’s lives in and outside their homes. Throughout, jurists’ opinions are juxtaposed with relevant quotations from contemporaneous ḥadīth collections.Trade Review“Women in Classical Islamic Law fills a significant gap in the literature and will be of immense use to a wide variety of readers.” Kecia Ali in Journal of the American Oriental Society 132.3 (2012), 331-332.

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Book SynopsisThis volume, dedicated to Jaroslav Stetkevych, includes a number of original contributions that signify a rhetorical shift in the social sciences and Arabic studies. The articles and essays deal with Orientalism, classical Arabic tradition, Andalusian poetry, Francophone literature, translation, architecture and poetry, comparative studies, and Sufism. Literary production is studied in its own terms to situate these literary concerns in the mainstream of cultural studies. The outcome is a solid and highly sophisticated scholarship that makes this book one of the most needed among scholars and students of comparative literature, Arabic poetics and politics, Orientalism, Afro-Asian studies, East/West encounters and translation.Table of ContentsContributors to this volume include: Suzanne P. Stetkevych, Akiko M.Sumi, Aida Azouqa, Elizabeth Holt, Michael Sells, Samer Ali, James T. Monroe, Emil Homerin, and Roger Allen.

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Book SynopsisThe Third Edition of Brill’s Encyclopaedia of Islam is an entirely new work, with new articles reflecting the great diversity of current scholarship. It will appear in four substantial segments each year, both online and in print. The new scope includes comprehensive coverage of Islam in the twentieth century and of Muslim minorities all over the world.Table of ContentsAbarqubādh al-ʿAbbās b. Aḥnaf ʿAbd al-Hādī, ʿAwnī ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd b. Yaḥyā al-Kātib ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq Bāba-i Urdū ʿAbd al-Jabbār b. ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī ʿAbd al-Malik b. Qaṭan al-Fihrī ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī ʿAbd al-Rāziq, ʿAlī ʿAbdallāh al-Taʿīshī Abraham de Balmes Abū ʿAmr b. al-ʿAlāʾ Abū l-ʿAtāhiya Abū l-Dardāʾ Abū l-Faḍl-i ʿAllāmī Abū l-Fatḥ b. ʿAbd al-Hayy b. ʿAbd al-Muqtadir Abū Ḥafṣ Sughdī Abū l-Khaṭṭār al-Ḥusām b. Ḍirār al-Kalbī Abū l-Sāj Abū l-Ṣalt Umayya b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Abū l-Ṭamaḥān al-Qaynī Abūqīr Adab, in Ṣūfism ʿAdī b. al-Riqāʿ al-ʿĀḍid li-Dīn Allāh ʿAflaq, Michel Aḥidus Ahl al-Ṣuffa Aḥmad Lamīn al-Shinqītī Aḥmad-i Jām Aḥmed Cevdet Pasha Aḥmed Wefīq Pasha Aḥmedī Aḥwash Ajmal Khān, Ḥakīm Akhmīm al-Akhṭal al-Ṣaghīr Āl al-Shaykh ʿAlāʾī, Shaykh ʿAlī b. Ḥusayn Wāʿiẓ Kāshifī ʿAlī b. ʿUbayda al-Rayḥānī ʿAlī Muttaqī Almucantar ʿAlqama al-Ālūsī family al-Aʿmā al-Tuṭīlī al-Aʿmash al-ʿĀmilī Iṣfahānī, Abū l-Ḥasan Amīnjī b. Jalāl b. Ḥasan ʿAnāq al-Anbārī, Abū Bakr al-Anbārī, Abū Muḥammad Angāre Anglo-Muhammadan Law Anīs al-Dawla al-Anṣārī, Abū l-Ḥasan Aphorism Aqrābādhīn al-Aqṣā Mosque Arabian Peninsula, art and architecture Arapkir ʿĀrifī Harawī, Mawlānā Maḥmūd al-Arsūzī, Zakī Artist, Status of Asad, Muḥammad

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Book SynopsisThe Third Edition of Brill’s Encyclopaedia of Islam is an entirely new work, with new articles reflecting the great diversity of current scholarship. It will appear in four substantial segments each year, both online and in print. The new scope includes comprehensive coverage of Islam in the twentieth century and of Muslim minorities all over the world.Table of ContentsʿAbbād b. Ziyād b. Abī Sufyān al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Marwān ʿAbd al-Malik b. Muḥammad b. Abī ʿĀmir al-Muẓaffar ʿAbd al-Qādir b. ʿAlī b. Yūsuf al-Fāsī ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Muʿāwiya ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Sirrī ʿAbd al-Wādids ʿAbd al-Wāḥid al-Marrākushī ʿAbdallāh b. al-Ḥasan ʿAbdallāh b. Muṭīʿ ʿAbdallāh b. Rawāḥa ʿAbdallāh b. Ubayy ʿAbdallāh b. ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ʿAbdallāh b. ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb ʿAbdallāh b. al-Zubayr Abnāʾ Abraha Abū Ḥafṣ ʿUmar al-Hintātī Abū Hāshim Abū ʿĪsā al-Iṣfahānī Abū l-Mawāhib al-Shādhilī Abū Salama Ḥafṣ b. Sulaymān al-Khallāl Abū Shāma Shihāb al-Dīn al-Maqdisī Abū Sufyān Abū Ṭālib Action (ʿAmal), in Ṣūfism ʿAdī b. Zayd ʿAḍud al-Dīn Muḥammad b. ʿAbdallāh Agnosticism Ahl-i Ḥaqq Ahl al-raʾy Aḥmad b. Ḥābiṭ Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Ṣamad Aḥmad b. Sahl Aḥmad b. Sumayṭ Aḥmed Cevdet Pasha Aḥmed Resmī al-Ahwāz Aïssaouas (ʿĪsāwa) al-Akhfash Akhsīkath Alāns al-ʿAlawī, Jamāl al-Dīn [al-]ʿAlawiyya (in Syria and Palestine) ʿAlī b. al-ʿAbbās al-Majūsī ʿAlī b. ʿAbdallāh b. ʿAbbās ʿAmālīq Amīr ʿAlī, Sayyid ʿAmr b. Maʿdīkarib Andalusian music Anniyya al-Anṣārī, Abū l-Qāsim Anūshirwān b. Khālid Arithmetic al-ʿArjī Artist, Status of Arzew (Ārzāw) Āṣaf b. Barakhyā Āṣaf Jāh Āṣafī Harawī Aʿshā Bāhila ʿĀshūr, Nuʿmān Āsiya al-Astarābādhī, Raḍī al-Dīn al-Aswad b. Yaʾfur al-Āthārī Atil Attorney Awḥad al-Dīn al-Rāzī ʿAwwād, Tawfīq Yūsuf Āzād, Abū l-Kalām al-Badīʿ al-Asṭurlābī al-Bājūrī, Ibrāhīm b. Muḥammad al-Bayhaqī, Ibrāhīm b. Muḥammad Bayt al-Ḥikma Bookbinding al-Mājishūn

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Book SynopsisThe Third Edition of Brill’s Encyclopaedia of Islam is an entirely new work, with new articles reflecting the great diversity of current scholarship. It will appear in four substantial segments each year, both online and in print. The new scope includes comprehensive coverage of Islam in the twentieth century and of Muslim minorities all over the world.Table of ContentsAbarqūh ʿAbbād b. Salmān ʿAbbās III ʿAbbāsī ʿAbd al-Aḥad Nūrī Sīvāsī ʿAbd al-Raḥīm Khān ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Ifrīqī ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Kāshānī Abidjan Absence and Presence Abū Ḥafṣ al-Ḥaddād Abū Mikhnaf Abū Naṣr al-ʿIyāḍī Abū Safyān Abū Saʿīd b. Abī l-Khayr Abū Saʿīd Shāh Abū l-Ṣalt al-Harawī Abū Shakūr al-Sālimī Abū l-Suʿūd Adakale Afterlife al-Aghlab al-ʿIjlī al-Aharī, ʿAbd al-Qādir Aḥmed I Aḥmed Pasha, Gedik ʿĀʾisha bt. Aḥmad al-Qurṭubiyya Ajmer Ajūdānbāshī Akhījūq ʿAkkāsbāshī, Ibrāhīm ʿAlāʾ al-Dawla, Mīrzā Aḥmad Khān ʿAlāʾ al-Mulk, Mīrzā Maḥmūd Khān [al-]ʿAlawiyya (in the Maghrib) ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā ʿAlī b. al-Walīd ʿAlī Pasha, Çorlulu ʿAlī Pasha, Sürmeli ʿAlī Qulī Jadīd al-Islām ʿAlī al-Riḍā Allāhumma Almoravids Amen ʿĀmil, Jabal Amīr majlis ʿAmr b. Dīnār ʿAmr b. Kirkira Angels Anqaravī, Ismāʿīl al-Anṣār (Sudan) al-Antāqī, Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd Apostle ʿAqīl b. Abī Ṭālib ʿArafāt Arghūn b. Abāqā Arūr Asad b. ʿAbdallāh al-Ashʿath, Abū Muḥammad Maʿdīkarib b. Qays b. Maʿdīkarib Ashhab Ashjaʿ al-Sulamī Asmāʾ bt. Abī Bakr al-Aṣmaʿī ʿAsqalān Athos al-ʿAttābī Avars ʿAwārıḍ al-Awzāʿī Āzūd al-Dawla ʿAzzām, ʿAbdallāh Baabullah Badar ud-Din, sultan (Sulu) Badīʿ Badīʿ al-Dīn al-Badīʿī, Yūsuf al-Badrī, Abū l-Tuqā Bahcat Muṣṭafā Efendi Baḥr al-ʿUlūm, Muḥammad Mahdī Ṭabāṭabāʾī al-Baḥrānī, Aḥmad b. Muḥammad al-Baḥrānī, ʿAlī b. Sulaymān Bakht Khān Balambangan al-Balkhī, Abū Muṭīʿ Banjarmasin al-Bannānī family al-Barbahārī al-Barbīr, Aḥmad al-Bayrūtī al-Baṣīr, Abū ʿAlī Basīsū, Muʿīn Bayansirullah Bayat, Sunan Baydas, Khalīl Bayt al-ṭāʿa al-Bihbahānī, Āqā Muḥammad ʿAlī al-Bihbahānī, Āyatallāh Muḥammad al-Bihbahānī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-Biṭrūjī Bonang, Sunan Built environment, in law Bullhe Shāh Hermes and Hermetica

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Book SynopsisThe Third Edition of Brill’s Encyclopaedia of Islam is an entirely new work, with new articles reflecting the great diversity of current scholarship. It will appear in four substantial segments each year, both online and in print. The new scope includes comprehensive coverage of Islam in the twentieth century and of Muslim minorities all over the world.Table of ContentsʿAbd al-Jabbār b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ʿAbd al-Malik b. Ḥabīb ʿAbd al-Wahhāb, Muḥammad Abū l-Aʿwar al-Sulamī Abū l-Barakāt Munīr Lāhawrī Abū l-Ḥasan Gulistāna Abū l-Ḥasan Khān Ghaffārī Abū l-Qāsim Khān Kirmānī Ibrāhīmī Abū Ṭālib Tabrīzī Abū Turāb al-Nakhshabī ʿĀḍil Shāh Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal Aḥmed II Aḥmed Rıḍā Aḥrār Movement Alanya ʿAlī Hormova Allāh Wardī (Verdī) Khān ʿAmīd Amīr Silāḥ ʿAmmār al-Baṣrī Apollonius of Tyana Arakan Archaeology Arslān al-Dimashqī, Shaykh Ashīr Ashraf Ghilzay Asīr-i Iṣfahānī Atheism (pre-modern) Automata Awdaghost Aybak, al-Muʿizz ʿIzz al-Dīn Aydın Ayin Aynabakhtı ʿĀyşe Ṣıddīqa ʿAzīz ʿAlī Efendi ʿAzīz Miṣr Bābā Ṭāhir (ʿUryān) Badīʿiyya Badr Shīrvānī Badrī Kashmīrī al-Balkhī, Abū Zayd Barghash Barjawān Batuah, Datuk Bioethics Birth control Brunei Bugis Buhlūl Buisan, Sultan of Maguindanao Bumiputera Bungsu, Raja (of Sulu) Burma (Myanmar), Muslims in Būyid Art and Architecture Cabolek Cek Ko-po Cirebon al-Isfarāyīnī, Abū Ḥāmid

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Book SynopsisThis volume presents the transformation of the Greek-speaking, Romaniot Jewish community of Byzantine Constantinople into an Ottoman, ethnically diversified immigrant community, showing the influence of the Ottoman conquest on cultural and social values. New and existing sources illuminate a society that was haunted by the dislocation and bereavement of the expulsion from Spain but was nevertheless materialistic and pleasure-seeking, with money and pedigree as supreme values. The society constantly redefined its relationships and boundaries with its former Iberian world and with the Ottoman non-Jewish world around it. The book is important to the study of Istanbul, particularly its Ottoman Jewish community. The chapters on Family Formation and Social Patterns serve family historians studying the early modern period. This second edition contains several pages of corrections and additions.Trade Review"...very concise, lucid, methodic and insightful...This book is a milestone in historical studies of the Jews in the Ottoman Empire." – Maria Eftymiou, in: BHMA, 2003 "...full of detail and touching upon every possible aspect regarding the life and times of the early Jewish community of Istanbul…" – Sara Nur Yildiz, in: H-Net Reviews in the Humanities & Social Sciences, 2003 "...a major contribution to Jewish and Ottoman social history" – Avigdor Levy, in: International Journal of Middle East Studies, 2004 "...an important study that offers much insight into the life of Jews in early modern Istanbul" – Marc Baer, in: Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient XLVII (2004)

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Book SynopsisWhile early Zionists envisioned the Jewish state as an outpost of Europe in the Middle East, modern Israel is—geographically speaking—located in Asia and incorporates elements from both “Orient and Occident.” This book sheds light on how the Mediterranean region, its history, traditions, climate, and attitudes have shaped Israeli lived experience and consciousness. It offers new perspectives on the evolving phenomenon of Yam Tikhoniut (hebr. Mediterraneanism), which centers around the longing to find a "natural" place in order that Israel be accommodated in the region, both culturally and politically. This book explores Mediterraneanism as reflected in popular music, literature, architecture, and daily life and analyzes the ways in which the notion comprises cultural identity, societal concepts, and political realities.Trade Review"Alexandra Nocke has done an exemplary job in her encounter with the question of Israel’s Mediterranean identity. This profound and wide-reaching research explores the question from every possible angle. Israel’s Mediterranean identity is, to my mind, the key to its future in the region. [...] This excellent book is highly recommended to anyone who is anxious about the fate of Israel." -- A. B. YehoshuaTable of ContentsPrologue: Israel and I Toward the Sea: An Approach 1. Introduction: Point of Departure 2. Tracing Yam Tikhoniut in Contemporary Israel 3. Mapping Yam Tikhoniut 4. Perceptions of the Mediterranean Region Mediterraneanism is Taking Shape—An Outlook

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Book SynopsisThe history of Iranian Jews after the establishment of the Safavid State in Iran in 1501 C.E. has formed the subject of growing academic and broader interest over the last few decades. However, despite the significant increase in the quantity and quality of the publications in this area, some of the main aspects and periods in the history of Iranian Jews have received little or no systematic treatment. Dealing with some broad but closely related areas of history, community, society, and culture among the Jews of nineteenth-century Iran, the present book provides sources of information as well as discussions and explanations related to some of the main conditions and realities that shaped the lives of the Iranian Jews prior to their accelerated transformation in the course of the twentieth-century. Included among the eight sections and over forty annotated and analyzed sources in the book are those that shed light on some of the major areas of Jewish life in nineteenth-century Iran.Table of ContentsCONTENTS SECTION I: LEGAL POSITION AND GENERAL CONDITION Source 1 Regarding the Legal Position of Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians (Ahl-i Kitab) within the Shiʻite State, according to Jamiʻi-i ʻAbbasi Source 2 The Condition and Disabilities of the Jews in Iran in the 1850s, according to the Jewish Explorer I.J. Benjamin, Known as Benjamin II Source 3 On the Legal and Actual Condition of the Jews of Iran in the Year 1873, as Reported in The Jewish Chronicle of London on September 12, 1873 Source 4 The Jews of Iran in the Mid-Nineteenth Century, as Observed by Dr. Jacob E. Polak Source 5 The State of the Jews in Iran in 1876, as Reflected in the Report of the Anglo-Jewish Association (1876–7) Source 6 The Jews of Iran in the Year 1888, as Reported by Morris Cohen, Educator and Communal Officeholder in the Jewish Community of Baghdad Source 7 Regarding the Proper Manners of Association with Unbelievers and Adversaries Source 8 Jews in the Eyes of the City Mob, as Reflected in a Street Song that was Chanted in Tehran towards the End of the Nineteenth Century Source 9 The Jews of Yazd Being Forced to Dispose of the Charred Bodies of the Followers of Bāb, Massacred in 1891 SECTION II: DEMOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHICAL DIFFUSION Source 10 The Jewish Population of Iran in the Year 1868, according to a Report Submitted by the British Legation in Tehran on April 28, 1868 Source 11 The Demographic Size of the Jewish Communities and Settlements of Iran Following the Great Famine of 1871–2, as Reported by the Anglo-Jewish Association in 1875 Source 12 Estimates and Figures on the Jewish Population of Iran During the Years 1889–1903, according to European Sources SECTION III: ECONOMY AND MATERIAL EXISTENCE Source 13 Jewish Trades and Occupations in Nineteenth-Century Iran According to Contemporary European Sources Source 14 Recollections of an Itinerant Jewish Physician of Gulpaygan, Regarding the Year 1811 Source 15 Jewish Minstrels and Dancers of Shiraz in 1888, as Witnessed and Described by the Late Professor E.G. Browne Source 16 Details of a Commercial Partnership and Dispute between Two Jewish Merchants of Yazd, ca. 1880, Referred for Judicial Decision to Rabbi Yosef Hayyim of Baghdad SECTION IV: COMMUNAL ORGANIZATION AND INNER COMMUNAL RELATIONS Source 17 The Old Synagogue in the City of Hamadan in the Mid-Nineteenth Century, as Described in the Year 1850 by Dr. Abraham de Sola, Chief Rabbi of the Spanish and Portuguese Congregation of Montreal, Canada Source 18 Standard Formula Used for the Appointment of the Head of the Jewish Community (Heb. Nasi ) in the City of Urumia, ca. 1898 Source 19 Communal Agreement Signed and Issued by the Religious Leaders of the Jewish Community of Sanandaj on 22 of Tevet 5635 (December 30, 1874) SECTION V: CULTURE AND EDUCATION Source 20 Jewish Culture and Education in Iran in the Nineteenth Century, according to the Late Professor Ezra Sion Melammed (1903–1994) Source 21 The Educational System in the Jewish Community of Hamadan in the 1840s, according to Dr. Abraham de Sola’s Account, Published in 1850 Source 22 A Passage from a Judeo-Persian Homiletic Commentary on Leviticus, Composed by Commentator and Poet Binyamin, Son of Eliyahu of Kashan, ca. 1824 Source 23 Song of Praise and Prayer for Sir Moses Montefi ore SECTION VI: RELIGION AND SPIRITUAL LIVES Source 24 From the Memoirs of a Learned Rabbi of Shiraz: Mulla Rahamim Melammed ha-Cohen (Sept. 16, 1864, Shiraz–Jan. 12, 1932, Jerusalem) Source 25 An Account of Pilgrims on Their Way to the Tomb of the Prophet Ezekiel (Located about 15 Kilometers to the North of Al-Najaf, in Southern Iraq ), in the Year 1809 Source 26 A Question in Matters of Family Law, in the Jewish Community of Tehran, Addressed to the Sephardic Chief Rabbi of Palestine in 1898 SECTION VII: ASPECTS OF LIFE AND HISTORY IN THE LARGER COMMUNITIES Source 27 The Jewish Community of Yazd in the Nineteenth Century, according to Azaria Levy, Scholar of Jewish Communities of Iran Source 28 The Jews of Shiraz in the 1890s Source 29 The Jewish Community of Isfahan in the Year 1888, as Depicted by the Heads of the Community in the Hebrew Weekly Habazeleth, January 25, 1889 Source 30 The Jewish Community of Kashan during the Great Famine of 1871–2: Testimony of Asher, Son of Yusef, a Native of Kashan (ca. 1872) Source 31 On the Jewish Community of Tehran in the Year 1875, as Reported by the Chief Rabbi of that Community to Isaac Adolphe Crémieux, President of the Alliance Israélite Universelle, Paris Source 32 The Jewish Community of Tehran and the Cholera Epidemic of 1892, Reported by Mirza Nurullah Hakim, in the Jewish Missionary Intelligence, London, March 1893, pp. 44–45 Source 33 On the Condition of the Jewish Community of Hamadan in the Year 1864, according to a Letter by the Heads of that Community to Jewish Leaders and Organizations of Western Europe Source 34 Letter from the Community of Urumia with Regard to the Condition of the Jews of Western Azerbaijan in the Years 1888–1893 Source 35 Letter by the Heads of the Jewish Community of Tehran to Jewish Organizations of Europe with Regard to the State of the Community of Barfurush, Following the Pogrom in that Community in May 1866 SECTION VIII: MAJOR EVENTS AND PROCESSES Source 36 Earliest Reports in the Jewish Press of Western Europe Concerning the Jews of Iran and Their Hardships: The Voice of Jacob, London, April 25, 1845 Source 37 Report of the British Consul in Jerusalem Concerning the Condition of Persian Immigrants in Ottoman Palestine in 1892. FO 195/1765, No. 6 Source 38 The Great Famine of 1871–2 in Iran and the Beginning of Organized Activity Abroad on Behalf of Iranian Jews. From the Report of the Persian Famine Relief Fund, Published by the Board of Deputies of British Jews, London 1873, pp. 8–16 Source 39 Presentation of Addresses to the Shah on Behalf of the Jews of Persia, The Jewish Chronicle, June 27, 1873, pp. 213–214 Source 40 Situation of the Jews in Hamadan, in October 1892, as Reported by AJA, 22 (1892–1893), pp. 55–63

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Book SynopsisAs Adolf Hitler strategised his way to power, he knew that it was necessary to gain the support of theology and the Church. This study begins two hundred years earlier, however, looking at roots of theological anti-Semitism and how Jews and Judaism were constructed, positively and negatively, in the biblical interpretation of German Protestant theology. Following the two main streams of German theology, the salvation-historical and the Enlightenment-oriented traditions, it examines leading exegetes from the 1750s to the 1950s and explores how theology legitimises or delegitimises oppression of Jews, in part through still-prevailing paradigms. This is the first comprehensive analysis of its kind, and the result of the analysis of the interplay between biblical exegesis and attitudes to Jews and Judaism is a fascinating and often frightening portrait of theology as a servant of power.Table of ContentsCONTENTS Introduction: Roots of Theological Anti-Semitism PART I: ENLIGHTENMENT EXEGESIS AND THE JEWS Introduction The Jews in Enlightenment Exegesis From Deism to de Wette Johann Salomo Semler: Dejudaising Christianity Johann Gottfried Herder: The Volk Concept and the Jews F. D. E. Schleiermacher: Enlightenment Religion and Judaism W. M. L. de Wette: Judaism as Degenerated Hebraism The Jews in Enlightenment Exegesis from Baur to Ritschl Ferdinand Christian Baur: Judaism as an Historical Antipode of Christianity David Friedrich Strauss: Judaism in Continuity and Discontinuity with Christianity Albrecht Ritschl: Kulturprotestantismus and the Jews The History of Religions School and the Jews—An Historical Turn? PART II: SALVATION-HISTORICAL EXEGESIS AND THE JEWS: FROM THOLUCK TO SCHLATTER Introduction Philo-Semitism Friedrich August Tholuck: “Salvation Comes from the Jews” Johann Tobias Beck: Organic Continuity Between Judaism and Christianity Franz Delitzsch: Pioneering Scholarship in Judaism Hermann Leberecht Strack: Missions to and Defence of Jews Adolf Schlatter and Judaism: Great Erudition and Fierce Opposition PART III: THE FORM CRITICS AND THE JEWS Introduction Karl Ludwig Schmidt: A Chosen People and a ‘Jewish Problem’ Martin Dibelius: Ambivalence to Jews and Judaism Rudolf Bultmann: Liberal and Anti-Jewish PART IV: NAZI EXEGESIS AND THE JEWS Introduction Gerhard Kittel: Jewish Unheil Theologically Founded Walter Grundmann: Towards a Non-Jewish Jesus Concluding Analysis

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Book SynopsisAn hommage to Gad Freudenthal, this volume offers twenty-two chapters on the history of science and the role of science in Jewish cultures. Written by outstanding scholars from all over the world it is a token of appreciation for Freudenthal's accomplishments in this discipline. The chapters in this volume include editions and translations of source texts in different languages and focus on topics that reflect the problématiques Gad Freudenthal often tackled in his own research: aspects of knowledge transfer, translation processes and the appropriation of knowledge from one culture to another. They are contributions to a better understanding of the cross-cultural contacts in the field of science between Jews, Muslim and Christians in the Middle Ages and early modern times.Table of ContentsTexts: Editions, Translations, and Commentaries Roshdi Rashed, Le pseudo al-Ḥasan ibn al-Hayṯam: sur l’asymptote Charles Burnett, Al-Qabīsī’s Introduction to Astrology: from Courtly Entertainment to University Textbook Y. Tzvi Langermann, A Different Hue to Medieval Jewish Philosophy: Four Investigations into an Unstudied Philosophical Text Mauro Zonta, Aristotle’s De anima and De generatione et corruptione in the Medieval Hebrew Tradition: New Details Regarding Textual History Coming from a Neglected Manuscript Tony Lévy, La mesure du cercle d’Archimède au moyen age : le témoignage des textes hébreux Paul B. Fenton, Un traité judéo-arabe sur les vertus du tabac rédigé dans la main du Šayḫ Sufī ‘Abd al-Ġani an-Nabulusī Studies Herbert A. Davidson, Maimonides and Samuel Ben Ali Josep Puig Montada, Ibn Rušd and the Almohad Context Carlos Fraenkel, Legislating Truth: Maimonides, the Almohads and the Thirteenth-Century Jewish Enlightenment Judith Olszowy-Schlanger, The Money language: Latin and Hebrew in Jewish Legal Contracts from Medieval England Reimund Leicht, Naḥmanides on Necromancy Resianne Fontaine, The First Survey of the Metaphysics in Hebrew Hagar Kahana-Smilansky, Solomon ben Moses Melguiri and the Transmission of Knowledge from Latin into Hebrew Sara Klein-Braslavy, Dialectic in Gersonides’ Biblical Commentaries José Luis Mancha, Demonstrative Astronomy: Notes on Levi ben Geršom’s answer to Guide II.24 Warren Zev Harvey, Nicole Oresme and Ḥasdai Crescas on Many Worlds Ruth Glasner, The Peculiar History of Aristotelianism among Spanish Jews Early Modern Cultural History and Historiography Bernard R. Goldstein and Giora Hon, Duhem’s Continuity Thesis: The Intrusion of Ideology into History of Science Gideon Freudenthal, Enlightenment in Gold Shlomo Berger, A Bestseller in Context: Referring to the Tsene Rene in Early Modern Yiddish Books Charles Manekin, On Humanist Logic Judaized—Then and Now: Two Models for the Appropriation of Gentile Science Irene E. Zwiep, Hebrew “Sociolinguistics”

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Book SynopsisThis volume offers a multidimensional and interdisciplinary exploration of contemporary Jewish identities amidst globalization processes, with special emphasis on Latin American socio-political, communal, and cultural milieu. Stretching from political science to sociology, from art to cultural studies, it provides systematic tools for understanding different aspects of the Jewish experience.

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Book SynopsisThis book deals with the history of the Jews in Muslim countries, and consists of four parts; the central part is the second one which is a comprehensive history of the Jews of Iraq and Iran, from the seventh to the thirteenth centuries; the first part discusses the origin of the Jews in Yathrib (al-Madina) and the references to Jews in the founding document of the Muslim umma; the third part is a history of Sicily and its Jews during the period of Muslim rule; the fourth part deals with the role played by Jews in the economic life of the Muslim countries in the early Middle Ages. The studies are based mainly on Arab writings and on documents from the Cairo Geniza. Jews in Islamic Countries in the Middle Ages has been selected by Choice as Outstanding Academic Title (2005).Trade ReviewChoice Outstanding Academic Title 2004

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Book SynopsisThis is a general survey of the rise and development of Islamic mysticism (Sufism) up to the modern period, which takes into account the latest achievements of scholarship on the subject. Sufism is examined from a variety of perspectives: as a vibrant social institution, a specific form of artistic expression, an ascetic and contemplative practice, and a distinctive intellectual tradition. Islamic Mysticism by Knysh is a comprehensive survey of the interesting and fascinating world of Islamic Mysticism.Trade Review'...a well argued summary of recent scholarship that for those questions it treats will certainly be the standard tool of reference for some years to come.' Lutz Berger, Journal of Semitic Studies, 2001. '...une livre utile, nourrissant, fournissant d’une manière classique, commode et accessible au public occidental le point des recherches universitaires contemporaines sur la question.’ Pierre Lory, BCAI, 2002.

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Book SynopsisIn thirteen essays by leading art historians, and a critical introduction by the editor, Beyond the Yellow Badge seeks to reframe the relationship between European visual culture and the changing aspect of the Christian majority’s negative conceptions of Jews and Judaism during the Middle Ages and early modern periods. By situating their subjects within a broad continuum of historical and critical issues, the authors inquire into such questions as the shifting politics of toleration and intoleration; the role played by anti-Judaic legends in the formation of Christian cults; the role of positive evaluations of Hebrew, Jewish learning and Christian hopes for Jewish conversion; and the transformation of religious anti-Judaism into its modern racial and nationalistic counterparts. The book will be of special interest to art historians, cultural historians, students of Christian theology and Jewish history, and to educated general readers.Table of ContentsCONTENTS Introduction PART I: STAGES OF CONVERSION Chapter One ‘Fair and Friendly, Sweet and Beautiful’: Hopes for Jewish Conversion in Synagoga’s Song of Songs Imagery Elizabeth Monroe Chapter Two Disputation in Stone: Jews Imagined on the Saint Stephen Portal of Paris Cathedral Kara Ann Morrow Chapter Three Taking Little Jesus to School in Two Thirteenth-Century Latin Psalters from South Germany Eva Frojmovic Chapter Four The Performative Terms of Jewish Iconoclasm and Conversion in Two Saint Nicholas Windows at Chartres Cathedral Anne F. Harris PART II: THE IMAGE OF THE JEW AND ITS PUBLIC Chapter Five The Passion, the Jews, and the Crisis of the Individual on the Naumburg West Choir Screen Jacqueline E. Jung37:23 PM Chapter Six Idealization and Subjection at the South Façade of Strasbourg Cathedral Nina Rowe Chapter Seven The Jews, Leviticus, and the Unclean in Medieval English Bestiaries Debra Higgs Strickland Chapter Eight Constructing the Inimical Jew in the Cantigas de Santa Maria: Theophilus’s Magician in Text and Image Pamela A. Patton Chapter Nine Images of ‘Jud Süss’ Oppenheimer, an Early Modern Jew Vivian B. Mann PART III: “THE HEBREW TRUTH” Chapter Ten Old Testament Heroes in Venetian High Renaissance Art Paul D. Kaplan Chapter Eleven Cleansing the Temple: The Munich Gruftkirche as Converted Synagogue Mitchell B. Merback Chapter Twelve New Attitudes towards the Jews in the Era of Reformation and Counter-Reformation: The Patronage of Bishop Echter von Mespelbrunn Annette Weber Chapter Thirteen Between Calvinists and Jews: Hebrew Script in Rembrandt’s Art Shalom Sabar

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes a seminal contribution to the fields of Islamic architectural history and gender studies. It is the first major empirical study of the history and current state of mosque building in Senegal and the first study of mosque space from a gender perspective. The author positions Senegalese mosques within the field of Islamic architectural history, unraveling their history through pre-colonial travelers’ accounts to conversations with present-day planners, imams and women who continually shape and reshape the mosques they worship in. Using contemporary Dakar as a case study, the book’s second aim is to explore the role of women in the “making and remaking” of mosques. In particular, the rise of non-tariqa grass-roots movements (i.e.: the “Sunni/Ibadou” movement) has empowered women (particularly young women) and has greatly strengthened their capacity to use mosques as places of spirituality, education and socialization. The text is aimed at several specialized readerships: readers interested in Islam in West Africa, in the role of women in Islam, as well as those interested in the sociology and art-history of mosques.Table of ContentsCONTENTS List of Illustrations ............................................................................ xi Preface ................................................................................................. xxi Acknowledgements ............................................................................ xxv List of Abbreviations ......................................................................... xxix A Note on Orthography and Translation ..................................... xxxi Maps and Figures .............................................................................. xxxiii Introduction Making and re-Making Mosques in Senegal ..... 1 On the Centrality of the Mosque ............................................... 5 On the Diversity of Styles ............................................................ 12 PART ONE FROM CONVERSION TO CONSTRUCTION Chapter One Sudanese Style Mosques and their Little Known Relatives in Futa Toro (15th–mid 19th century) ....21 Baraka and Building Traditions: From the Eyes of Arab Geographers ............................................... 23 Encroaching Eurocentrism: Early European Explorers ........ 26 Mosques in the Sudan and ‘Sudanese Style’ Mosques .......... 36 Some Reflections on Linguistic Kinship .................................. 50 Defensive Tatas and Protective Palisades ................................ 54 Fulbe Jihad and Mosques ........................................................... 70 Architecture of the ‘Umarian’ Mosques of Futa Toro .......... 75 Conclusion .................................................................................... 87 PART TWO THE QUEST FOR AN APPROPRIATE AESTHETIC Chapter Two The Birth of the ‘Colonial Mosque’: Hybridity, French Policy and Muslim Identity (ca. 1820–1920) . 93 Marabouts, Mosques and the Policy of Assimilation ........... 93 Trade, Territory and the Mission Civilisatrice ....................... 95 The Churches of Gorée and Saint-Louis: Slaves, Missionaries and Métisses ..................................... 98 Consolidating Colonialism through the Creation of Colonial Cities ......................................................................... 106 France’s Ambivalent Attitudes towards Mosques: To Fund or Not To Fund Them? .............................................. 114 Three Colonial Mosques: Gorée, Saint-Louis Nord and rue Blanchot .............................................................. 122 Veranda-style Mosques .............................................................. 147 Concluding Remarks .................................................................. 156 Chapter Three Regionalism, Revivals and Repercussions on Senegalese Mosques (ca. 1920–1950s) ............. 159 Framing Attitudes towards Islam: The Policy of Association ............................................................................... 159 Regionalism, Revivals and Colonial Expositions ................... 166 Financing of Mosques, 1930–1940s ......................................... 180 Jenne, neo-Sudanese Style and the Quest for an Appropriate Aesthetic .................................................. 184 Genesis of the Murid Style ........................................................ 187 The Great Mosque of Dakar and the Politics of Construction ............................................................................ 192 Smaller Mosques in Dakar ......................................................... 198 Afro-Brazilian Synthesis and its Appearance in Senegal ...... 209 Shaping Muslim Identity ........................................................... 222 PART THREE DISCOURSE, GENDER AND IDENTITY Chapter Four The Contemporary Urban Mosque Phenomenon: Ibadou and Tariqa Identities (1960s–present). 229 Urbanization and the Construction Boom ............................. 229 The Rise of Religiosity: To each man his own mosque ........ 232 Multiplication of Mosques as Material Manifestation of Spiritual Clout ................................................................ 234 Stylistic Appropriation of Tariqa Mosques ............................ 240 Intimating Independence: The Great Mosque of Dakar ...... 243 The Great Mosque of Touba: Monumental Murid Eclecticism ................................................................................ 248 The Revival of Islamic Identity ................................................. 254 Ibadou mosques ........................................................................... 258 The Contentious Issue of Funding Mosques .......................... 288 The Mosque as Locus for Inclusiveness, Access and Community .............................................................................. 292 Chapter Five Women, Space and West African Mosques ...... 297 Women, Islam and the West African Context ...................... 297 “These Mutes of Islam”: Colonial and Scholarly Views ....... 302 Women, Education and Role Models ...................................... 308 Spatial Segregation ...................................................................... 318 Jakka Jigeen: A Women’s Mosque or a Mosque for Women? .................................................................................... 324 The Place of Women in West African Mosques: Doctrinal Debates ....................................................................... 332 Architecture, Space and the Regional Variety of Women’s Mosques .................................................................. 335 A Question of Visibility: les filles voilées and ‘les Salaf ’ ....... 342 Female Architects and the Appropriation of (Male) Sacred Space .................................................................... 354 Concluding Remarks .................................................................. 357 Epilogue: Is There Room for Sustainable Architecture? ............. 363 Glossary ............................................................................................... 371 Bibliography ........................................................................................ 375 Index .................................................................................................... 391 Colour Plates ...................................................................................... 408

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Book SynopsisThe Third Edition of Brill’s Encyclopaedia of Islam is an entirely new work, with new articles reflecting the great diversity of current scholarship. It appears in four substantial segments each year, both online and in print. The new scope includes comprehensive coverage of Islam in the twentieth century and of Muslim minorities all over the world.Table of Contentsal-ʿAbbās b. ʿAmr al-Ghanawī ʿAbd al-Bāqī, Shaykh ʿAbd al-Ḥayy al-Laknawī, Abū l-Ḥasanāt ʿAbd al-Majīd b. Muḥammad al-Khānī ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Thughūrī ʿAbdallāh Bihbihānī Abū Nuʿaym al-Iṣfahānī Abū Tāshufīn I Abū Tāshufīn II ʿAdī b. Musāfir, Shaykh Afyonkarahisar Aḥmad b. Ṭūlūn Aksaray Akşehir (Ott. Aqşehir) ʿAlī Shīr Navāʾī al-Almālī, Maḥmūd Amīn al-Dīn Abū l-Qāsim Ḥājjī Bula Amīr-i Lashkar Amīr al-umarāʾ Apollonius of Perge Ardahan Artvin Asclepius Ashkivarī, Quṭb al-Dīn Ashraf Māzandarānī ʿĀshūrāʾ (Sunnism) Averroism Awḥadī Marāghaʾī Awrangzīb al-ʿAydarūs Bā ʿAlawī Bā Kathīr, ʿAlī Aḥmad Bābak al-Badr al-Ḥabashī al-Baghawī Abū Muḥammad Farrāʾ (Ibn al-Farrāʾ) Bahrām Shāh b. Ṭughril Shāh al-Bājī, Abū l-Walīd Banquet al-Barāʾ b. ʿĀzib b. al-Ḥārith Barelwīs Bayar, Mahmut Celal al-Bayhaqī, Abū Bakr Bengal architecture Bengali literature Bhopāl Bidlīsī, ʿAmmār al-Birzālī, ʿAlam al-Dīn al-Qāsim al-Bishr Bishr b. al-Walīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik Boon companion al-Būnī Burhān al-Mulk, Mīr Muḥammad Calendar of Córdoba Canon and Canonisation, in classical Arabic literature Centhini, Serat

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Book SynopsisThe Third Edition of Brill’s Encyclopaedia of Islam is an entirely new work, with new articles reflecting the great diversity of current scholarship. It appears in four substantial segments each year, both online and in print. The new scope includes comprehensive coverage of Islam in the twentieth century and of Muslim minorities all over the world.Table of ContentsAbarshahr ʿAbd al-Qādir Dihlawī ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zayd ʿAbdallāh b. Jaḥsh ʿAbdallāh b. Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Abū l-Fatḥ Khān Zand Abū Hāshim al-Ṣūfī Adrār of Ifoghas ʿAḍud al-Dawla Afṭasids Aḥmad b. ʿAliwa Aḥmed Pasha, Hersekzāde ʿĀʾisha bt. Abī Bakr Akbar ʿĀkif Meḥmed Pasha Aleppo, architecture ʿAlī Kurdī Maqtūl, Shaykh Alptekin (Alptegīn) Aludel Amānallāh Pānīpatī, Shaykh al-Āmir bi-Aḥkām Allāh ʿAmmār b. Yāsir Arab League Authority, religious Azalay Balj b. Bishr Baqliyya Barbarossa, Khayr al-Dīn (Barbaros Hayreddin) Barus Barzakh Baʿth Party Bayān b. Samʿān Bāzargān, Mahdī Bilqīs Bin Bāz Bishr b. al-Barāʾ Bishr al-Ḥāfī Bourguiba Bukayr b. Māhān Bukayr b. Wishāḥ Bulghārs Burṭās Calatayud Capital punishment Cem Chad Chanderi Chen Keli Chihil Sutūn Children of Israel (Banū Isrāʾīl) Chirāgh ʿAlī Khān, Maulvī City panegyric, in classical Arabic Constantinus Africanus Consul Cumhuriyet Demak Expiation Jahāngīr Masʿūd-i Saʿd-i Salmān

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Book SynopsisIn 1496-7, King Manuel I of Portugal forced the Jews of his kingdom to convert to Christianity and expelled all his Muslim subjects. Portugal was the first kingdom of the Iberian Peninsula to end definitively Christian-Jewish-Muslim coexistence, creating an exclusively Christian realm. Drawing upon narrative and documentary sources in Portuguese, Spanish and Hebrew, this book pieces together the developments that led to the events of 1496-7 and presents a detailed reconstruction of the persecution. It challenges widely held views concerning the impact of the arrival in Portugal of the Jews expelled from Castile in 1492, the diplomatic wrangling that led to the forced conversion of the Portuguese Jews in 1497 and the causes behind the expulsion of the Muslim minority. Originally published in hardcoverTrade Review"a thoroughly researched work that makes use of a variety of sources in several languages, including Latin, Hebrew, Arabic, Spanish and Portuguese. I found it generally persuasive and certainly an important contribution to the fields of Portuguese, Jewish and Islamic history", Ariel Hessayon review in Reviews in History (review no. 797), URL: http://www.history.ac.uk/reviews/paper/hessayona.htmlTable of ContentsAcknowledgements Notes for Readers: Names, Dates and Currency Abbreviations List of Plates Introduction 1: The Jewish and Muslim Minorities in Medieval Portugal 2: Castilian Conversos and Jews in Portugal c.1480-c.1495 3: The Death of João II and the Accession of Manuel I 4: The “General Conversion” of the Jews and Renewal of the “Converso Problem” 5: The Expulsion of the Muslims from Portugal: the Forgotten Persecution Conclusion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisRecent nation-wide surveys of the Jews of France yielded a detailed picture of this community, one of the largest Jewish Diaspora populations, with a long and rich history. This book presents results and analyses of this survey for the first time in English. Key issues explored include demographics, representations of Jewish identity, expressions of community solidarity, social issues, and values. Data was analyzed using multi-dimensional techniques, revealing underlying structural relationships and an axiological typology. The translation of the French edition was expanded for accessibility to an English-speaking audience, including a background on history, socio-political climate and related philosophical works. The cumulative result is the most up-to-date and comprehensive look at the Jews of France at the turn of the third millennium. "...the empirical centerpiece of Cohen’s study is sound, invaluable, and often highly illuminating. In the short space provided this reviewer could not fully do justice to the wealth of information presented there..." Ethan Katz, University of CincinnatiTrade Review"A valuable addition to recent studies of French Jewry; is recommended to all College and University collections." Roger S. Kohn, Association of Jewish Libraries Reviews (2012) Vol. 2, No. 1Table of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction to the Jewish Community of France Chapter 2: Empirical Study of the Jews of France at the Turn of the Millennium Chapter 3: French-Jewish Philosophical Writings on Jewish Identity Chapter 4: Reflections and Conclusions on the Jews of France at the Turn of the Third Millennia

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Book SynopsisThe Third Edition of Brill’s Encyclopaedia of Islam is an entirely new work, with new articles reflecting the great diversity of current scholarship. It appears in four substantial segments each year, both online and in print. The new scope includes comprehensive coverage of Islam in the twentieth century and of Muslim minorities all over the world.Table of ContentsʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Rustam ʿAbdī Bābā Abū ʿAbdallāh al-Baṣrī Abū Ḥātim al-Malzūzī Abū Ḥātim al-Rāzī Adarrāq Ādhar, Ḥājjī Luṭf ʿAlī Beg Āfāq, Khwāja and the Āfāqiyya al-Afshīn Agra Aḥmad Bābā al-Tinbuktī Aḥmad Grāñ Amr (theology) ʿĀnāniyya Āqā Najafī Iṣfahānī Artisans, Iran Artisans, Ottoman and post-Ottoman al-Aṣamm ʿAṭṭār, ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn-i ʿAwaḍ, Luwīs Ayvaz Dede (Ayvaz-dedo) Badr Baḥīrā Bāj Balaban, Ghiyāth al-Dīn Ulugh Khān Bashīr b. Saʿd al-Baṭṭāl, ʿAbdallāh Baybars al-Manṣūrī Bazaar, Arab Lands Bazaar, Anatolia and the Balkans Bazaar, Iran and Central Asia Bello, Ahmadu Besermyans Biography of the Prophet Bonjol, Imam Breath and breathing Bridge Bukhārlıq Chāndnī Chawk Chittor Çırāghān Claims of God and claims of men al-Dabbāgh, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Dabīr, Mirzā Salāmat ʿAlī Dhawq, Ibrāhīm Dhū l-Rumma

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Book SynopsisThe Third Edition of Brill’s Encyclopaedia of Islam is an entirely new work, with new articles reflecting the great diversity of current scholarship. It appears in four substantial segments each year, both online and in print. The new scope includes comprehensive coverage of Islam in the twentieth century and of Muslim minorities all over the world.Table of ContentsʿAbbādids ʿAbbāsī, Shaykh ʿAbd al-Rashīd Jawnpūrī Abduction Abū l-Sarāyā al-Shaybānī Abū Yūsuf Aḥmadīlīs Akhī-Qādiriyya Akhlāṭ Alexandria (early period) Alexandria (modern period) ʿAlī Dede, al-Sigetvārī Anas b. Mālik Anthropomorphism Arawān al-Asmar al-Faytūrī al-Azdī, Abū l-Muṭahhar Bagirmi Bahrām al-Bakrī, Abū ʿUbayd ʿAbdallāh Barqūq b. Anas al-Malik al-Ẓāhir Başgil, Ali Fuat Bāysunghur b. Shāh Rukh, Ghiyāth al-Dīn Béjaïa (Bougie, Bijāya) Berberā Biʾr Maʿūna Bizerta Buʿāth Buluggīn b. Zīrī Burayda b. al-Ḥuṣayb Busr b. Abī Arṭāt Caesarea Cain and Abel (Qābīl wa Hābīl) Calatrava Capacity, Legal Carpets Cik di Tiro (Muhammad Samman) Circumambulation Commander of the Faithful Crown Cyprus al-Dardīr, Aḥmad, and Dardīriyya Dāwūd b. Khalaf Dervish Didactic poetry, Arabic Dīk al-Jinn Dukayn al-Rājiz al-Duwayhī, Ibrāhīm al-Rashīd b. Ṣāliḥ al-Dunqulāwī al-Shāʾiqī Empedocles Ḥamādisha Haravī, Amīr Ḥusaynī

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Book SynopsisDrawing on legal and ḥadīth texts from the formative and classical periods of Islamic legal history, this book offers an overview of the development of the questions prominent jurists asked and answered about women’s issues. All assumed a woman would marry and thus the book concentrates on women’s family life. The introduction establishes the historical framework within which the jurists worked. A chapter on Qurʾān verses devoted to women’s lives is followed by chapters on marriage and divorce which compare the views of jurists during the formative period. The fourth chapter describes the evolution from the formative to the classical periods. The fifth uses material from both periods to describe the array of legal opinion about other aspects of women’s lives in and outside their homes. Throughout, jurists’ opinions are juxtaposed with relevant quotations from contemporaneous ḥadīth collections.Trade Review“Women in Classical Islamic Law fills a significant gap in the literature and will be of immense use to a wide variety of readers.” Kecia Ali in Journal of the American Oriental Society 132.3 (2012), 331-332.Table of ContentsPreface Introduction 1. Women in the Qurʾān 2. Marriage in the Formative Period 3. Divorce in the Formative Period 4. From the Formative to the Classical Periods 5. Women’s lives Conclusion Works Cited Index of Quran’s Verses Index of Names Subject Index

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Book SynopsisThis Handbook of Jewish Languages is an introduction to the many languages used by Jews throughout history, including Yiddish, Judezmo (Ladino) , and Jewish varieties of Amharic, Arabic, Aramaic, Berber, English, French, Georgian, Greek, Hungarian, Iranian, Italian, Latin American Spanish, Malayalam, Occitan (Provençal), Portuguese, Russian, Swedish, Syriac, Turkic (Karaim and Krymchak), Turkish, and more. Chapters include historical and linguistic descriptions of each language, an overview of primary and secondary literature, and comprehensive bibliographies to aid further research. Many chapters also contain sample texts and images. This book is an unparalleled resource for anyone interested in Jewish languages, and will also be very useful for historical linguists, dialectologists, and scholars and students of minority or endangered languages. This book is also available as paperback version.Trade Review"...aquest llibre és una font única i indispensable que de ben segur esdevindrà un manual de referència, molt útil per als lingüistes, dialectòlegs, acadèmics i estudiants de llengües minoritàries i amenaçades." - Mariona Vernet i Pons, Universitat de BarcelonaTable of ContentsIntroduction Aaron D. Rubin and Lily Kahn 1 Jewish Amharic Anbessa Teferra 2 Judeo-Arabic Geoffrey Khan 3 Judeo-Aramaic Steven E. Fassberg 4 Jewish Berber Joseph Chetrit 5 Jewish English Sarah Bunin Benor 6 Judeo-French 1 Marc Kiwitt and Stephen Dörr 7 Jewish Georgian Reuven Enoch 8 Judeo-Greek Julia G. Krivoruchko 9 Jewish Hungarian Judith Rosenhouse 10 Judeo-Iranian Languages Habib Borjian 11 Judeo-Italian Aaron D. Rubin 12 Judezmo (Ladino) David M. Bunis 13 Karaim and Krymchak Henryk Jankowski 14 Jewish Latin American Spanish Evelyn Dean-Olmsted and Susana Skura 15 Jewish Malayalam Ophira Gamliel 16 Judeo-Occitan (Judeo-Provençal) Adam Strich with George Jochnowitz 17 Judeo-Portuguese Devon Strolovitch 18 Jewish Russian Anna Verschik 19 Judeo-Slavic Brad Sabin Hill 20 Jewish Swedish Patric Joshua Klagsbrun Lebenswerd 21 Judeo-Syriac Siam Bhayro 22 Judeo-Turkish Laurent Mignon 23 Yiddish Lily Kahn Epilogue: Other Jewish Languages, Past and Present Aaron D. Rubin Index

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Book SynopsisThis is the first comprehensive sociological study of a new Chinese Buddhist movement, known as Tzu Chi (otherwise, the Buddhist Compassion Merit Society). Based in Taiwan, it was founded in 1966 and is still led by a female Buddhist master – Master Cheng Yen. Its members are laity and its main focus is medical charity and education of the wealthy in an ethical way of life.Trade Review"Anyone who teaches, writes, or has a tendency to generalize about NRMs should read this book...One of the many interesting arguments that Yao makes in her book is that Tzu Chi’s concentration on benefiting society as a whole and educating its members in ethical beliefs can be seen as 'bringing the practice of Eastern religion in line with that of Western Christianity, and thus as more suitable, and appealing, in a ‘modern’ era where ‘folk superstitions’ based on an unreasoning conformism are felt to be backward'." Roger B.Beck, Nova Religio 18.1, August 2014

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Book SynopsisThis book describes a circle of Eastern European Kabbalists that established Hasidism, an important movement that has influenced Jewish Mysticism, Yiddish culture and Hebrew literature. It uncovers the messianic motivation, concealed in Hasidic writings after the failure of their 1740-1781 attempts to hurry redemption. The book opens with the Besht, the legendary founder of Hasidism, and continues with the first Hasidic court, founded by one of his prominent disciples, the preacher of Zlotshov. The group’s redemptive activities are revealed through their mystical rituals, their self-image as representatives of the ten Sefirot, and the status of their leader, “the Righteous One,” as a vivid symbol of the divine influx. The book is especially important for scholars and students of Judaism as well as scholars of mysticism and messianism, seeking to comprehend the transformation of a messianic circle of devotees into a mass movement that changes the culture of an entire nation. Originally published in hardcover

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Book SynopsisIn a situation of growing interest in the religion of migrants, there are still few publications dealing with pentecostal and charismatic Christians from the global South and the churches they have been starting all over Europe. This ground-breaking study, based on extensive interviews conducted during a nine-year research period encompassing more than 100 churches, describes how pentecostal /charismatic migrant pastors live out their pastoral role, how they construct their missionary biographies, and how they conceptualize and practice evangelism. The result is a comprehensive portrait of an immigrant group which does not define itself as victimized and in need of assistance, but as expatriate agents with a clear calling and a vision to change the continent they now live in.Trade Review"Es handelt sich um ein Werk von grundlegender und richtungweisender Bedeutung, auf dessen Konsultation niemand, der oder die sich mit dem Phänomen von christlichen Migrationsgemeinden aus dem globalen Süden in Europa beschäftigt, wird verzichten können. Wer mit dem bisherigen Engagement und den Publikationen von Claudia Währisch-Oblau im Bereich der Migrationsgemeinden in Deutschland vertraut ist, den oder die wird diese Einschätzung kaum überraschen. Die Dissertation ist nicht nur das Ergebnis einer zeitlich umgrenzten Feldforschung im engeren Sinne, sondern sie bildet gleichzeitig den vorläufigen Abschluss einer über zehnjährigen intensiven, kontinuierlichen wie Früchte tragenden Zusammenarbeit mit diesen Gemeinden im erweiterten Ruhrgebietsraum. Kaum jemand anderem wäre es möglich gewesen, eine solche Arbeit vorzulegen, setzt sie doch neben der akademischen Kompetenz der Forscherin wesentlich ein tiefes Vertrauensverhältnis zwischen ihr und den befragten Gemeindeleitern in der Migration voraus. Die Autorin vermag aus einem reichhaltigen Erfahrungsschatz zu schöpfen." Werner Kahl, Interdisziplinäre Arbeitskreis Pfingstbewegung, 2011.Table of Contents1. Methodological reflections 1.1 Introduction 1.2 The UEM Program for Cooperation between German and Foreign Language Churches, 1998 – 2008 1.3 Other European Protestant church responses to migrant churches: a short overview 1.4 Description of my research 1.5 Reflecting my own role as researcher and agent 1.6 Interpretative paradigms 2. The field of study 2.1 Terminology: Migrant churches 2.2 Delimiting Pentecostal / charismatic 2.3 Constructing a Pentecostal / charismatic discourse field 2.4 Migrant churches: Categorizations 2.5 Historical dynamics: Foundation and development of migrant churches 2.6 Migrant churches as part of a globalized discourse network 3. The role of the pastor: the relationship to one’s own congregation 3.1 The pastor as father and shepherd 3.2 Defending one’s call: Biographical stories as legitimation narratives 3.3 Mediators of divine power in a market situation: Observations and analysis of the pastoral role 3.4 Summary: Mediators of divine power in a market situation 4. Following the call: Expatriation narratives 4.1 Theoretical framework: Some considerations 4.2 Intertwined call and expatriation narratives 4.3 Expatriation as consequence of the call 4.4 Expatriation and call narrative not connected 4.5 Expatriation narratives: some final observations 5. Being on a mission: the relationship to the outside world 5.1 “What is your mission?” Observations from the short interviews 5.2 Missionary practice: Evangelizing Germans 5.3 Conceptualizing evangelism in interdenominational dialogue: the long interviews 5.4 Imagining Germany and Europe 5.5 Conceptualizing evangelism in the global Pentecostal network: The ‘spiritual warfare’ paradigm 5.6 Conclusion: Evangelism, inculturation and clashing paradigms 6. Consequences 6.1 The current situation 6.2 Dialogue fields: a description 6.3 Ecclesiology and the politics of difference: Who defines Christianity in Europe? 6.4 The functional question: Does a missionary self-image further or hinder integration? 6.5 The theological question: Are German churches ready to be evangelized? Appendix: Expatriation narratives Bibliography

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Book SynopsisRelations between Muslims and non-Muslims have received unprecedented attention since 9/11. In many predominantly non-Muslim countries intense debates have focused on international relations with Muslim-majority states, but dilemmas of national policy and practice in incorporating domestic Muslim minorities have also provoked heated argument. Meanwhile, within predominantly Muslim societies, and within Muslim diasporas, relationships with non-Muslims have posed pressing questions about compatibility, antagonism or adaptation of beliefs, identities and customs. The essays forming this multidisciplinary collection analyse concerns arising from clashing perceptions of Muslims in the political and cultural spheres: the majority of chapters deal with non-Muslim representations of Muslims, but several chapters reverse the perspective by examining Muslims’ own understandings of their relationships with non-Muslim societies. Contributors include: Ahmed K. al-Rawi, Ebru Ş. Canan-Sokullu, Tereza Capelos, Gaetan Clavien, Danila Genovese, Matteo Gianni, Signe Kjær Jørgensen, Priyasha Kaul, Chloe Patton, Timothy Peace, Mirjam Shatanawi, Dunya van Troost, and John Turner.Table of ContentsList of Contributors Introduction Uncovering an Islamic Paradigm of International Relations - John Turner Representation and Self-Representation of Radical Islamism in the UK: Through the Mirroring Lens of the Political Self - Danila Genovese Why Wear a Headscarf in Parliament? Danish Secularist, Nationalist and Feminist Ideas about Muslims - Signe Kjær Jørgensen “People Think Our Lives Are Dark.” Diasporic Resistance to the Metaphoric Darkening of Female Islamic Identity - Chloe Patton Reason, Passion, and Islam: The Impact of Emotionality and Values on Political Tolerance - Tereza Capelos & Dunya Van Troost Islamophobia and Turcoscepticism in Europe? A Four Nation Study - Ebru Ş. Canan-Sokullu Representing Gender, Defining Muslims? Gender and Figures of Otherness in Public Discourse in Switzerland - Matteo Gianni & Gaetan Clavien The French Anti-Racist Movement and the ‘Muslim Question’ - Timothy Peace Foreign Policy and its Impact on Arab Stereotypes in English-Language Popular Fiction of the 1970s-80s - Ahmed K. al-Rawi Exploring Anwar: Religion, Identity and Nationalism - Priyasha Kaul Curating against Dissent: Museums and the Public Debate on Islam - Mirjam Shatanawi References

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Book SynopsisThis is a book about Klal Yisrael, the worldwide commonwealth of the Jewish people. The main question asked, is whether one can still speak of 'one' Jewish people, encompassing all Jews in the world. The Jewish collective identity stands at new crossroads of multicultural ideologies and transnational diasporism. Jewry is experiencing an existential problem in today's changing society, shifting between convergence and unity on the one hand and divergence and division on the other hand. Quo vadis, O Jewish people? Rather than fully answering this question, researchers from Israel, the United States, Brazil, Argentina, Ukraine, Russia, France and Belgium try to open up the discussion in this book.

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Book SynopsisProfessor S.N. Eisenstadt has written numerous essays on Jewish Identity over the years. This volume brings together some of these. The major argument of the essays follows the Weberian view of Jewish historical experience as that of a distinct civilization, as a distinct Great Religion, the first monotheistic civilization – without, however, accepting many of Weber’s concrete analyses.Table of ContentsSection I The Jewish Historical Experience in the Civilizational Framework CHAPTER ONE, The Format of Jewish History - Some Reflections on Weber’s Ancient Judaism CHAPTER TWO, The Jewish Historical Experience in the Framework of Comparative Universal History CHAPTER THREE, The Jewish Experience in the Modern Era Section II The Zionist Movement and Israeli Story CHAPTER FOUR, Did Zionism Bring the Jews back to History? CHAPTER FIVE, Change and Continuity in Israeli Society CHAPTER SIX, The Mahapach of 1977 and the Transformation of Israeli Society CHAPTER SEVEN, Israeli Identity: Problems in the Development of the Collective Identity of an Ideological Society CHAPTER EIGHT, Israeli Politics and the Jewish Political Tradition: Principled Political Anarchism and the Rule of the Court CHAPTER NINE, Two New Democracies, the U.S. and Israel: Some Comparative Remarks Section III The Jewish Experience in the Contemporary Era CHAPTER TEN, The American Jewish Experience and American Pluralism: A Comparative Perspective CHAPTER ELEVEN, Patterns of Contemporary Jewish Identity CHAPTER TWELVE, The Jewish Experience in the Contemporary Era: Some Concluding Observations

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Book SynopsisThe book focuses on the most prominent exponents of the universalistic ideology of American Reform Judaism in the 1930s and 1940s. Those who attempted to maintain unquestioning fealty to the principles of universalistic Reform, even in view of the disheartening realities of the Holocaust, are the heroes of the plot that unfolds here. The way they struggled for their beliefs should be viewed as a point of departure for a more general discussion of the challenge posed by the Holocaust to the modern Jewish belief in the possibility and desirability of full cultural and social Jewish integration into non-Jewish society at large.

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Book SynopsisAre Jews today still the carriers of a single and identical collective identity and do they still constitute a single people? This two-fold question arises when one compares a Hassidi Habad from Brooklyn, a Jewish professor at a secular university in Brussels, a traditional Yemeni Jew still living in Sana’a, a Galilee kibbutznik, or a Russian Jew in Novossibirsk. Is there still today a significant relationship between these individuals who all subscribe to Judaism? The analysis shows that the Jewish identity is multiple and can be explained by considering all variants as “surface structures” of the three universal “deep structures” central to the notion of collective identity, namely, collective commitment, perceptions of the collective’s singularity, and positioning vis-à-vis “others.”

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Book SynopsisIn Private Salons and the Art World of Enlightenment Paris, Rochelle Ziskin explores in depth two remarkable private gatherings generating significant art criticism during the middle of the eighteenth century. She demonstrates how the sites harboring them came to embody and disseminate their judgments. One politically active group assembled at the house Mme Doublet shared with amateur Petit de Bachaumont; at her “Mondays” for artists, Mme Geoffrin collaborated with the powerful lover of antiquity Caylus and amateurs including Mariette and Watelet. In focusing on official Salons of the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture, historians too often overlook the crucial role of these frequent, regular assemblies, where works of art were quite often first assessed and taste shaped. This book will appeal to readers interested in eighteenth-century French artistic culture, journalism, and women’s patronage. The painters discussed include Boucher, Van Loo, Charles Coypel, Cochin, Vien, Pierre, Lagrenée, and Hubert Robert.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements List of Figures List of Maps Abbreviations Introduction: Two virtuoses, Mme Doublet and Mme Geoffrin 1 Mme Doublet, Bachaumont and “the Parish”  1 The Maison Doublet in 1722  2 The Parish: “Learned Men of All Kinds”  3 The Maison Doublet, Breuilpont and “the Parish”  4 The Boyer Brothers and the Parish  5 “La jolie tête” and “les deux frères:” The Ferriol  6 “The Good Doctor,” “Sage Mairan” and Sainte-Palaye  7 The “Five abbés”  8 An Outpost of the Palais-Royal 2 Shaping Taste, Academic Reform, and Saving the Louvre  1 Reinvigorating the Academy  2 Artists in Paris ca. 1750  3 Saving the Louvre  4 Essai sur la peinture, la sculpture et l’architecture (1751) 3 Politics, Art, Journalism, and Bonds of Friendship at the Maison Doublet  1 Gallicanism, Parlement, and the Parish  2 The abbé Laugier and the Parish  3 The La Curne Brothers: Erudition and Art  4 “La présidente de Meinières, Who Loves Letters”  5 The Maison Doublet 4 Wednesdays and Mondays: Mme Geoffrin and Her bureaux d’esprit and des arts  1 Shaping Taste: Mme Geoffrin’s “Mondays”  2 Caylus: Leading at the Academy, Presiding at the lundis (1747–1752)  3 Who Attended the lundis?  4 Collector Friends: The marquis de Voyer and comte de Vence  5 Paintings, Manuscripts, and Books: Gaignat (1697–1768)  6 Art and Social Mobility: Gaillard de La Bouëxière (1676–1759)  7 “Patriotic” Collecting: Ange-Laurent La Live de Jully (1725–1775)  8 “Nothing … but Van Loos, Bouchers, Pierres, Viens, Doyens”: The Collection of Watelet  9 Other Amateurs at the lundis during the Fifties  10 Marigny’s “compagnons de voyage”: Cochin, Soufflot and abbé Le Blanc  11 Artists of the lundis 5 Paintings Made “Under My Eyes”  1 Antiquity, Encaustic, and “Costume”  2 Mme Geoffrin and Van Loo: They Argued, … They Laughed, They Cried … and … the Painting … Was Finished  3 Apelles Resuscitated: Vien and Mme Geoffrin  4 Vernet: “Imagination” and “Fire”  5 Laborde: Vernet, Greuze, and the Painter’s Revenge  6 Vernet, Boucher and the petit cabinet  7 Hubert Robert: Intimate Views of Mme Geoffrin  8 Lagrenée the Elder and Mme Geoffrin’s “Clandestine Devotion”  9 Mme Geoffrin’s cabinet de compagnie 6 Epilogue: Mme Geoffrin: Advocate and Liaison  1 Agent for the English Select Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis publication offers a wide-ranging account of the Mongols in western and eastern Asia in the aftermath of Genghis Khan’s disruptive invasions of the early thirteenth century, focusing on the significant cultural, social, religious and political changes that followed in their wake. The issues considered concern art, governance, diplomacy, commerce, court life, and urban culture in the Mongol world empire as originally presented at a 2003 symposium at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art and now distilled in this volume. This collection of 23 papers by many of the main authorities in the field demonstrates both the scope and the depth of the current state of Mongol-related studies and will undoubtedly inspire and provoke further research. The text is profusely illustrated by 30 color and 112 black-and-white illustrations. Contributors are: Sheila S. Blair, Jonathan M. Bloom, Devin DeWeese, Teresa Fitzherbert, Bert G. Fragner, Robert Hillenbrand, Dietrich Huff, Ralph Kauz, Linda Komaroff, Dickran Kouymjian, Mark Kramarovsky, Donald P. Little, Charles Melville, David Morgan, Bernard O'Kane, Judith Pfeiffer, George Saliba, Noriyuki Shiraishi, Marianna Shreve Simpson, Eleanor Sims, John Masson Smith Jr., Abolala Soudavar, Oliver Watson and Elaine Wright.Trade Review“…this is a highly important collection which stresses the significance and fertility of cultural transmission in Mongol Eurasia and particularly its expressions in western Asia.” Michal Biran in MESA Bulletin 41.2 (2007), 204-205.Table of ContentsIntroduction Culture and Commerce in the Mongol World Empire (5 chapters) Lifestyles at the Court of the Ruling Elite (4 chapters) The Arts of the Book in Ilkhanid Iran (5 chapters) The Arts and Artistic Interchange (4 chapters) State and Religion in Ilkhanid Iran (4 chapters) Concluding Remarks Bibliography Color Plates Black and White Figures Index

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Book SynopsisJiddische Handschriften der Niederlande includes descriptions of 105 Yiddish manuscripts originating mostly in the 18th and 19th century. They reflect Ashkenazic culture of the Northern Netherlands, the Yiddish dialect of this area and the influences of Dutch and German in that culture. After 1815 the use of Dutch as the common language is obvious, but there are still several documents written in Yiddish. The monograph is organized by text-genres and the ordered chronologically. Each entry gives a detailed description of the codicology in order to raise questions and answer questions concerning motivation and style, the writing process, readership, and ownership.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a scientific and comprehensive analysis of Israelis who live in the United States. Using different complementary sources of data, and through cutting-edge approaches in the social sciences, this volume examines the settlement patterns of the Israeli immigrants, their social profile, their economic achievements, their Americanization processes, as well as the nature and rhythm of their Jewish identification including changes in attachment to the homeland. The characteristics of the immigrants shed light on Israeli society. At the same time they also have important implications for the Jewish community in the host country and on Jewish continuity in America. "...Rebhun and Lev Ari do what the title outlines. They offer nuanced and in-depth insights into transnationalism, identity and diaspora of American Jewish Israelis. Based on their theoretical and methodological expertise, the book can be recommended to scholars of these areas, regardless of its focus on Israel. For experts, American Israelis is a gem: it offers so much in terms of data and analysis that it makes for many questions, which should be addressed in further research, qualitative and quantitative alike." Dani Kranz, Erfurt UniversityTable of ContentsCONTENTS Chapter 1. Migration, Transnationalism, Diaspora, and Research on Israelis in the United States Chapter 2. Migration and Settlement in the United States Chapter 3. Socioeconomic Acculturation and Mobility Chapter 4. Jewish Identification and Attachment to Homeland Chapter 5. Discussion: The Multifaceted Israeli Diaspora

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Book SynopsisEurope is in the midst of a rapid political and economic unification. What does this mean for the Jewish minority – numbering less than 2 million people and still suffering from the aftermath of the Shoah? Will the Jewish communities participate in Europe’s bold venture without risking total assimilation? Are they vibrant enough to form a new Jewish center alongside Israel and the American Jewish community, or are they hopelessly divided and on a “Road to Nowhere”? Different perspectives are predicted, relating to demographical, cultural and sociological aspects. This volume provides exciting, thorough and controversial answers by renowned scholars from Europe, Israel, North- and Latin America – many of them also committed to local Jewish community building.Table of ContentsContents Part I: The Jewish World Context Jews in Europe: Demographic Trends, Contexts and Outlooks Sergio DellaPergola The European Jewish Diaspora: The Third Pillar of World Jewry? Gabriel Sheffer Cultural Pluralism as an American Zionist Option for Solidarity and its Relevance for Today's European Jewry Ofer Schiff Part II: European Jewish Experiences Between Eurasia and Europe: Jewish Community and Identities in Contemporary Russia and Ukraine Vladimir Ze'ev Khanin A Dual, Divided Modernization. Reflections on 200 Years of the Jewish Reform Movement in Germany Micha Brumlik Ghosts of the Past, Challenges of the Present: New and Old "Others" in Contemporary Spain Raanan Rein/ Martina Weisz The Dialectics of the Diaspora. On the Art of Being Jewish in the Swedish Minority Lars Dencik Does European Jewry need a New Ethnic Spiritual Umbrella? Reflections Yosef Gorny Farewell to Europe? On French Jewish Skepticism about the New Universalism Pierre Birnbaum The Return of the European Jewish Diaspora. New Ethno-National Constellations since 1989 Michal Y. Bodeman Reading Between the Lines. Assertion and Reassertion in European Jewish Life Antony Lerman Part III: Anti Semitism, Israel and Jewish Politics Hate Against the Others. About the Fatal Chain Creating Xenophobia and Anti-Semitism Thomas Gergely "Anti-Semites of the Continent Unite!" Is the East Still Different? Raphael Vago Anti-Semitism or Judeophobia? The intellectual Debate in France 2000-2005 Denis Charbit From Anti-Jewish Prejudice to Political Anti-Semitism? On Dynamics of Anti-Semitism in Post-Communist Hungary A Mediterranean Bridge over Troubled Water. Cultural Ideas on How to Reconcile Israel with Its Neighbors and with Europe David Ohana The Future of European Jewry - A Changing Condition in a Changing Context? Shmuel Trigano

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Book SynopsisIn the context of their recent dispersion, Russian-speaking Jews have become the vast majority of Germany’s longstanding Jewry. An entity marked by permeable boundaries, they show commitment to world Jewry, including Israel, but feeble identification with their hosts. While Jewish singularity is understood here more as “belonging” than “believing”, Jewish education is viewed as a must.Table of ContentsChapter One: General Perspectives Chapter Two: Jewry in Germany: Past and Present Chapter Three: Insertion in Society Chapter Four: The Dynamics of the Community Chapter Five: Collective Identities Chapter Six: Expectations of Jewish Education Chapter Seven: Jewish Education in Germany Today Chapter Eight: General Conclusions – an Ethnocultural Syndrome

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Book SynopsisIn 2010 an extremist party with openly racist views, using barely concealed antisemitic language, received 17% of the votes in the parliamentary elections in Hungary. How can this awkward development in a newly established European democracy be explained? In this book the author examines antisemitism in post-communist Hungary in light of the empirical sociological studies of the past 20 years. The principal aim is to reconstruct the range, intensity and content of anti-Jewish prejudices as well as the factors affecting their change over time. The author also reveals the social background against which the newest political developments should be analyzed, and helps to determine whether in Hungary today antisemitism is only an ephemeral, temporary phenomenon or a gradually articulating, dynamic political ideology. "…his work is indispensable for understanding politics and its historical, social, and cultural background in contemporary Hungary.” Gabor T. RitterspornTrade Review“[…]while the revival of anti-Semitism in post-communist East and Central Europe has been examined on more than one occasion by competent pollsters in the past, none of them matched the analytical finesse that Kovács displays in this book.” Michael Shafir, Holocaust. Studii şi cercetări, vol iv, nr. 1 (2012).Table of ContentsContents 1. Antisemitic Discourse after the Fall of Communism 2. Antisemitic Prejudices in Hungarian Society between 1994 and 2006 3. Antisemitic Prejudice and Historical Remembrance of the Holocaust 4. From Anti-Jewish Prejudice to Political Antisemitism?

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Book SynopsisThis volume brings together articles on the cultural, religious, social and commercial interactions among Jews, Christians and Muslims in the medieval and early modern periods. Written by leading scholars in Jewish studies, Islamic studies, medieval history and social and economic history, the contributions to this volume reflect the profound influence on these fields of the volume’s honoree, Professor Mark R. Cohen.Trade Review'In a period marked by an inflation of proliferating Festschriften, it is a pleasure to read a book of quality articles clearly focused on the research areas of a very worthy scholar. Mark R. Cohen, who taught for forty years at Princeton University, pursued innovative investigations of Jewish-Islamic relations in the realms of both economics and politics in light of findings from the Cairo Geniza, a Jewish repository of hundreds of thousands of medieval literary and documentary texts'. DANIEL J . LASKER, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, in Renaissance Quarterly Vol. 68, No. 2 (Summer 2015), pp. 706-708Table of ContentsContents Notes on contributors Acknowledgements Preface Avrom Udovitch Introduction Arnold E. Franklin, Roxani Eleni Margariti, Marina Rustow and Uriel Simonsohn The Bibliography of Mark R. Cohen I. Community How Mediterranean Was Goitein’s Mediterranean Society? Norman A. Stillman Aṣḥābunā al-tujjār—Our Associates, the Merchants: Non-Jewish Business Partners of the Cairo Geniza’s India Traders Roxani Eleni Margariti Pilgrimage and Charity in the Geniza Society Miriam Frenkel Poor Relief in Ottoman Jewish Communities Yaron Ayalon “What Sort of Sermon is This?”: Leadership, Resistance and Gender in a Communal Conflict Oded Zinger Why Did Medieval Northern French Jewry (Ṣarfat) Disappear? Ivan G. Marcus II. Conversion Are Geonic Responsa a Reliable Source for the Study of Jewish Conversion to Islam? A Comparative Analysis of Legal Sources Uriel Simonsohn What’s in a Name? ʿAbd Allāh b. Isḥāq ibn al-Shanāʿa al-Muslimānī al-Isrāʾīlī and Conversion to Islam in Medieval Cordoba David J. Wasserstein Jews among the Grandees of Ottoman Egypt Jane Hathaway Remembrance and Oblivion of Religious Persecutions: On Sanctifying the Name of God (Qiddush ha-Shem) in Christian and Islamic Countries during the Middle Ages Menahem Ben-Sasson III. Law and Society The Muḥammadan Stipulations: Dhimmī Versions of the Pact of ʿUmar Phillip I. Ackerman-Lieberman Jews in Sharīʿa Courts: A Family Dispute from the Cairo Geniza Jessica M. Marglin Perception of Piracy in Islamic Sharīʿa Hassan S. Khalilieh Jew and Serf in Medieval France Revisited William Chester Jordan Cleanliness and Convivencia: Jewish Bathing Culture in Medieval Spain Olivia Remie Constable † IV. Letter Writing and Diplomatics Friendship and Hierarchy: Rhetorical Stances in Geniza Mercantile Letters Jessica L. Goldberg More than Words on a Page: Letters as Substitutes for an Absent Writer Arnold E. Franklin The Diplomatics of Leadership: Administrative Documents in Hebrew Script from the Geniza Marina Rustow Financial Troubles: A Mamluk Petition Petra M. Sijpesteijn V. Hebrew and Judaeo-Arabic Literature “ʾAz milifnei vereishit”: The Suffering Messiah in the Seventh Century Martha Himmelfarb A Panegyric Qaṣīda by Judah Halevi, Its Antecedent by Solomon Ibn Gabirol, and Its Afterlife Raymond P. Scheindlin Hebrew Vestiges in Saʿadya’s Tafsīr Sasson Somekh Epilogue Natalie Zemon Davis Index

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Book SynopsisThe expulsion of the Moriscos from Spain (1609-1614) represents an important episode of ethnic, political and religious cleansing which affected about 300,000 persons. The controversial measure was legimitized by an ideology of religious and political unity that served to defend the expulsion of them all, crypto-Muslims and sincere converts to Christianity alike. The first part focuses on the decision to expel the Moriscos, its historical context and the role of such institutions as the Vatican and the religious orders, and nations such as France, Italy, the Dutch Republic, Morocco and the Ottoman Empire. The second part studies the aftermath of the expulsion, the forced migrations, settlement and Diaspora of the Moriscos, comparing their vicissitudes with that of the Jewish conversos. Contributors are Youssef El Alaoui, Rafael Benítez Sánchez Blanco, Luis Fernando Bernabé Pons, Paulo Broggio, Miguel Ángel de Bunes Ibarra, Antonio Feros, Mercedes García-Arenal, Jorge Gil Herrera,Tijana Krstić, Sakina Missoum, Natalia Muchnik, Stefania Pastore, Juan Ignacio Pulido Serrano, James B. Tueller, Olatz Villanueva Zubizarreta, Bernard Vincent, and Gerard Wiegers.Trade Review"By recontextualizing the unhappy events of 1609–14 in an international context and by demonstrating what a diasporic approach might mean for interpreting the expulsion of the Moriscos, The Expulsion of the Moriscos from Spain will surely occupy a prominent place within the expanding scholarly literature in English on Spain’s Morisco minority. It should find a ready readership among the growing number of anglophone students and scholars interested in early modern Iberia and the Muslim world, the encounter between Islam and Christianity, and relations between cultural and religious minorities and majorities." A. Katie Harris (University of California, Davis), in: Renaissance Quarterly LXIX (2016). "The Expulsion of the Moriscos from Spain provides a learned addition to the expanding scholarship on minority-minority and minority-majority relations in Spain...These innovative essays will be of interest to students and scholars of Hispanic, Sephardic and Islamic Studies, as well as to students of Early Modern Europe." Jane S. Gerber (The Graduate Center of the City University of New York), in: Bulletin of Spanish Studes XCIV (2017).Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Acknowledgements List of Abbrevations and Note on Transcription List of frequently used terms List of Contributors Introduction Mercedes García-Arenal and Gerard Wiegers Part I. The Expulsion. Preparations, Debates, and Process 1: The Geography of the Morisco Expulsion: A Quantitative Study Bernard Vincent 2: The Expulsion of the Moriscos in the Context of Philip III’s Mediterranean Policy Miguel Ángel de Bunes Ibarra 3: Rhetorics of the Expulsion Antonio Feros 4: The Religious Debate in Spain Rafael Benítez Sánchez Blanco 5: The Vatican’s Position towards the Expulsion Stefania Pastore 6: The Religious Orders and the Expulsion of the Moriscos: Doctrinal Controversies and Hispano-Papal Relations Paolo Broggio 7: The Unexecuted Plans for the Eeradication of Jewish Heresy in the Hispanic Monarchy and the Example of the Moriscos: The Thwarted Expulsion of the Judeoconversos Juan Ignacio Pulido 8: The Moriscos Who Stayed Behind or Returned: Post-1609 James B. Tueller Part II. The Morisco Diaspora 9: The Moriscos outside Spain: Routes and Financing Luis F. Bernabé Pons and Jorge Gil Herrera 10 The Moriscos in France after the Expulsion: Notes for the History of a Minority Youssef El Alaoui 11: Moriscos in Ottoman Galata, 1609-1620s Tijana Krstić 12: The Moriscos in Morocco: from Granadan Emigration to the hornacheros of Salé” Mercedes García-Arenal 13: Andalusi Immigration and Urban Development in Algiers (Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries) Sakina Missoum 14: The Moriscos in Tunisia Olatz Villanueva Zubizarreta 15: The Expulsion of 1609-1614 and the Polemical Writings of the Moriscos Living in the Diaspora Gerard Wiegers 16: Converted Jews and Moriscos in the Diaspora Natalia Muchnik General Bibliography Index of places Index of names

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Book SynopsisMuqarnas: An Annual on the Visual Cultures of the Islamic World is sponsored by The Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Muqarnas articles are published on all aspects of Islamic visual culture, historical and contemporary, as well as articles dealing with unpublished textual primary sources.Trade Review'This third volume of the Aga Khan Program-sponsored annual collection of scholarly articles continues the high standards of its predecessors...' RBP, Middle East Journal, 1987. 'Die Zeitschrift Muqarnas gehört zu den wichtigsten und anregendsten aktuellen Veröffentlichungen auf dem Gebiet der islamischen Kunst und dieser Band steht seinen beiden Vorgängern in Qualität um nichts nach.' Marianne Barrucand, Der Islam, 1988.Table of ContentsOLEG GRABAR, Upon Reading al-Azraqi. EVA BAER, The Mihrab in the Cave of the Dome of the Rock. JONATHAN M. BLOOM, The Origins of Fatimid Art. CAROLINE WILLIAMS, The Cult of 'Alid Saints in the Fatimid Monuments of Cairo. Part II: The Mausolea. YASSER TABBAA, The Muqarnas Dome: Its Origin and Meaning. SHEILA S. BLAIR, The Madrasa at Zuzan: Islamic Architecture in Eastern Iran on the Eve of the Mongol Invasions GÜLRU NECİPOĞLU-KAFADAR, The Süleymaniye Complex in Istanbul: An Interpretation. ALAN W. FISHER and CAROL GARRETT FISHER, A Note on the Location of the Royal Ottoman Ateliers . . ÜLKÜ Ü. BATES, Two Ottoman Documents on Architects in Egypt JAMES DICKIE, The Mughal Garden: Gateway to Paradise HELEN JESSUP, Dutch Architectural Visions of the Indonesian Tradition

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Book SynopsisMuqarnas: An Annual on the Visual Cultures of the Islamic World is sponsored by The Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Muqarnas articles are published on all aspects of Islamic visual culture, historical and contemporary, as well as articles dealing with unpublished textual primary sources.Table of ContentsOleg Grabar, On Catalogues, Exhibitions, and Complete Works Jonathan M. Bloom, The Mosque of the Qarafa in Cairo Leonor Fernandes, The Foundation of Baybars al-Jashankir: Its Waqf, History, and Architecture Howard Crane, Some Archaeological Notes on Turkish Sardis Nancy Shatzman Steinhardt, Siyah Qalem and Gong Kai: An Istanbul Album Painter and a Chinese Painter of the Mongolian Period Doğan Kuban, The Style of Sinan's Domed Structures Yasser Tabbaa, Bronze Shapes in Iranian Ceramics of the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries Mehrdad Shokoohy and Natalie H. Shokoohy, The Architecture of Baha al-Din Tughrul in the Region of Bayana, Rajasthan Glenn D. Lowry, Humayun's Tomb: Form, Function, and Meaning in Early Mughal Architecture Peter Alford Andrews, The Generous Heart or the Mass of Clouds: The Court Tents of Shah Jahan Priscilla P. Soucek, Persian Artists in Mughal India: Influences and Transformations A.J. Lee, Islamic Star Patterns

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