Scientific research Books

Book SynopsisWinner of the Royal Society Winton Prize for Science Books A Best Science Book of the Year for the Guardian, Financial Times, and New Scientist It was the universe’s most elusive particle, the linchpin for everything scientists dreamed up to explain how physics works. It had to be found. But projects as big as CERN’s Large Hadron Collider don’t happen without incredible risks – or occasional skulduggery. In the definitive account of the greatest science story of our time, acclaimed physicist Sean Carroll reveals the insights, rivalry, and wonder that fuelled the Higgs discovery, and takes us on a riveting and irresistible ride to the very edge of physics today.Trade Review‘An authoritative account of science’s discovery of the year. Remarkable.’ * Financial Times *‘This book is so hard to put down. That’s testament to Carroll, a practising scientist, also being a gifted writer.’ * New Scientist *‘Compelling.’ * Independent *‘A very good – and very accessible – guide to all the theoretical physics, precision engineering, data handling, probability-measuring and other marvels.’ * Guardian *‘Delightful… for anyone excited by the particle at the end of the universe, start here.’ * BBC Focus *‘Carroll keeps it real, getting at the complex guts of cutting-edge cosmology in discussions that will challenge fans of Hawking’s A Brief History of Time.’ * Washington Post *‘The science is authoritative, yet bold and lively. The narrative is richly documented, yet full of human drama. Carroll’s saga pulls you aboard a modern voyage of discovery.’ -- Frank Wilczek, Nobel Laureate in Physics and author of A Beautiful Question‘In this superb book, Sean Carroll provides a fascinating and lucid look at the most mysterious and important particle in nature, and the experiment that revealed it. Anyone with an interest in physics should read this, and join him in examining the new worlds of physics to which this discovery may lead.’ -- Leonard Mlodinow, internationally bestselling author of Subliminal and Elastic

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Book SynopsisOffers an introduction to the modern statistical methods for ecology. This book shows how to construct statistical models for data, estimate their parameters and confidence limits, and interpret the results. It covers statistical frameworks, the philosophy of statistical modeling, and critical mathematical functions and probability distributions.Trade Review"Bolker's book is a must-buy for anyone wanting to fit data to models and go beyond hypothesis testing, but it is certainly not an 'introductory' text in the sense of 'simple'. This book is a tour de force for anyone who studied ecology for his or her interest of nature's working. But it is the one single book that can propel the statistical novice to the cutting edge of statistical ecology--albeit with blood, sweat and tears."--Carsten F. Dormann, Basic and Applied Ecology "[A] must for natural scientists and for statisticians who are interested in ecological applications... Numerous enlightening footnotes, meaningful graphics and direct speech are evidence of substantial classroom experience of the author... The book addresses students and researchers who have or have had some basic knowledge in ecology, mathematics and statistics. Delivering many examples and profound details on numerical aspects of maximum likelihood estimation, the book may also give a red line for a course in computational statistics."--Martin Schlather, Biometrical Journal "[T]his book succeeds both in explaining how to analyze many types of ecological data, and in clearly describing the theoretical background behind some common analyses and approaches. I expect to refer to it often."--Lynda D. Prior, Austral EcologyTable of ContentsAcknowledgments ix Chapter 1: Introduction and Background 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 What This Book Is Not About 3 1.3 Frameworks for Modeling 5 1.4 Frameworks for Statistical Inference 10 1.5 Frameworks for Computing 17 1.6 Outline of the Modeling Process 20 1.7 R Supplement 22 Chapter 2: Exploratory Data Analysis and Graphics 29 2.1 Introduction 29 2.2 Getting Data into R 30 2.3 Data Types 34 2.4 Exploratory Data Analysis and Graphics 40 2.5 Conclusion 59 2.6 R Supplement 59 Chapter 3: Deterministic Functions for Ecological Modeling 72 3.1 Introduction 72 3.2 Finding Out about Functions Numerically 73 3.3 Finding Out about Functions Analytically 76 3.4 Bestiary of Functions 87 3.5 Conclusion 100 3.6 R Supplement 100 Chapter 4: Probability and Stochastic Distributions for Ecological Modeling 103 4.1 Introduction: Why Does Variability Matter? 103 4.2 Basic Probability Theory 104 4.3 Bayes' Rule 107 4.4 Analyzing Probability Distributions 115 4.5 Bestiary of Distributions 120 4.6 Extending Simple Distributions: Compounding and Generalizing 137 4.7 R Supplement 141 Chapter 5: Stochastic Simulation and Power Analysis 147 5.1 Introduction 147 5.2 Stochastic Simulation 148 5.3 Power Analysis 156 Chapter 6: Likelihood and All That 169 6.1 Introduction 169 6.2 Parameter Estimation: Single Distributions 169 6.3 Estimation for More Complex Functions 182 6.4 Likelihood Surfaces, Profiles, and Confidence Intervals 187 6.5 Confidence Intervals for Complex Models: Quadratic Approximation 196 6.6 Comparing Models 201 6.7 Conclusion 220 Chapter 7: Optimization and All That 222 7.1 Introduction 222 7.2 Fitting Methods 223 7.3 Markov Chain Monte Carlo 233 7.4 Fitting Challenges 241 7.5 Estimating Confidence Limits of Functions of Parameters 250 7.6 R Supplement 258 Chapter 8: Likelihood Examples 263 8.1 Tadpole Predation 263 8.2 Goby Survival 276 8.3 Seed Removal 283 Chapter 9: Standard Statistics Revisited 298 9.1 Introduction 298 9.2 General Linear Models 300 9.3 Nonlinearity: Nonlinear Least Squares 306 9.4 Nonnormal Errors: Generalized Linear Models 308 9.5 R Supplement 312 Chapter 10: Modeling Variance 316 10.1 Introduction 316 10.2 Changing Variance within Blocks 318 10.3 Correlations: Time-Series and Spatial Data 320 10.4 Multilevel Models: Special Cases 324 10.5 General Multilevel Models 327 10.6 Challenges 333 10.7 Conclusion 334 10.8 R Supplement 335 Chapter 11: Dynamic Models 337 11.1 Introduction 337 11.2 Simulating Dynamic Models 338 11.3 Observation and Process Error 342 11.4 Process and Observation Error 344 11.5 SIMEX 346 11.6 State-Space Models 348 11.7 Conclusions 357 11.8 R Supplement 360 Chapter 12: Afterword 362 Appendix Algebra and Calculus Basics 363 A.1 Exponentials and Logarithms 363 A.2 Differential Calculus 364 A.3 Partial Differentiation 364 A.4 Integral Calculus 365 A.5 Factorials and the Gamma Function 365 A.6 Probability 365 A.7 The Delta Method 366 A.8 Linear Algebra Basics 366 Bibliography 369 Index of R Arguments, Functions, and Packages 383 General Index 389

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Book SynopsisA microscope is a gateway to another dimension, allowing us to explore the fascinating realm of microorganisms. From the colonies of green algae that grace the cover of this book, to bacteria, cellular structures and protozoa – an entire world of life, almost limitless and yet invisible to the naked eye, awaits through the lens of a microscope. Until now there has been no book that offers easy access to the exciting and mind-expanding world of microscopy. Practical, compact and accessible, this guide is written especially for beginners. It provides help in learning the correct use of a microscope and the production of preparations. Structured clearly in 25 short chapters, it allows the reader to progress in manageable stages. Each step focuses on a particular theme, introducing the relevant techniques. From illumination to observation, from slide preparation to staining, this book supplies all the building blocks needed for skilled use of microscopes. With this step-by-step approach, the way into the wonderful visual universe of the miniature becomes very simple, even if your first microscope is only a budget model: most of the activities suggested here work using a basic instrument without the more sophisticated accessories. Indeed, the history of microscopy shows that discoveries of great significance have been possible even with rather modest equipment. And this is just as true today. Illustrated throughout with photographs and diagrams, this book is the perfect companion as you discover the richness of microscopic life.Table of ContentsForeword Preface Introduction: Why use a microscope? Creating your own micro-laboratory 1. Structure of the microscope 2. How to use your microscope 3. Light – transmitter of information 4. Orders of magnitude 5. Three-dimensional images 6. Brownian movement 7. Simple wet mounts 8. Preparation by squashing 9. Tissue under the lens 10. Animal cells 11. Plasma flows and oblique lighting 12. Osmotic processes 13. Documentation 14. Tiny aquatic creatures 15. Cocci and bacilli 16. Preparing sections 17. Plant organs 18. Woody tissues 19. Distinctive animal tissues 20. Making permanent specimens 21. Surface examination 22. Investigating polarised light 23. Thin sections 24. Dusts and Rheinberg illumination 25. Microscopic photographs Index

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Making sense of data is emerging as the limiting factor of progress in neuroscience. This book is the accessible way to learn how to do that." --Konrad Koerding, Professor, Northwestern University "This is a fun, hands-on introduction to the important emerging field of neural data science. It's at the intersection of programming, data analysis, and neuroscience -- perfect for aspiring researchers looking to learn these three in parallel. This book will help inspire a new generation to join us in finding out how the brain works with modern computational tools." --Nikolaus Kriegeskorte, Programme leader, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of CambridgeTable of ContentsPart I: Foundations 1. Philosophy 2. From 0 to 0.01 Part II: Neural Data Analysis 3. Wrangling Spike Trains 4. Correlating Spike Trains 5. Analog Signals 6. Biophysical Modeling Part III: Going Beyond the Data 7. Regression 8. Dimensionality Reduction 9. Classification and Clustering 10. Web Scraping

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1. Methods 2. Histology 3. Preparation of Images and Drawings 4. Coronal, Sagittal, Horizontal Planes 5. Nomenclature and Abbreviations 6. The Basis of Delineation of Structures 7. Index of Structures 8. Index of Abbreviations 9. Figures

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Book SynopsisQualitative Research: Analyzing Life, Second Edition presents a fresh approach to teaching and learning qualitative methods for social inquiry—one that focuses on analysis from the very beginning of the text. By exploring qualitative research through a unique analytic lens, then cumulatively elaborating on methods in each successive chapter, this innovative work cultivates a skill set and literacy base that prepares readers to work strategically with empirical materials in their own fieldwork. Johnny Saldaña and Matt Omasta combine clear, accessible writing and analytic insight to show that analysis, in its broadest sense, is a process undertaken throughout the entire research experience. The Second Edition provides a number of updates including more on digital materials and methods, including sentiment analysis of social media data, and ethics in social media research. Resources for instructors and students are available on a website to accompany the book.Table of ContentsList of Displays Preface The Organization and Through-Line of the Book The Coauthors’ Approach To the Instructor Acknowledgments About the Authors Part I. Analyzing Qualitative Data Chapter 1. Introduction: Analyzing Life Learning Objectives Introduction Developing Fundamental Qualitative Analytic Skills On Qualitative Data Analysis—and Life Closure and Transition Resources for an Introduction to Qualitative Analysis Analytic Exercises Sample Data for Analysis Chapter 2. Analyzing Field Sites Learning Objectives Introduction On Culture Observation Settings The Observer’s Frames Field Notes Technical Matters of Fieldwork and Field Notes Analyzing Observations of Social Life Closure and Transition Resources for Participant Observation Analytic Exercises for Participant Observation Sample Field Notes for Analysis Chapter 3. Analyzing Documents, Artifacts, Visual Images, and Digital Materials Learning Objectives Introduction On Values, Attitudes, and Beliefs Analyzing Manifest and Latent Contents The Materials and Meanings of Human Production Analyzing Documents Analyzing Artifacts Analyzing Visual Images Analyzing Digital Materials The Routines, Rituals, Rules, Roles, and Relationships in Documents, Artifacts, Visual Images, and Digital Materials Closure and Transition Resources for Analyzing Documents, Artifacts, Visual Images, and Digital Materials Analytic Exercises for Documents, Artifacts, Visual Images, and Digital Materials Sample Photograph Chapter 4. Analyzing Interviews: Preparing, Conducting, and Transcribing Learning Objectives Introduction Types of Interviews Participant Selection Interview Preparation, Scheduling, and Arrangements Asking Questions Transcribing Closure and Transition Resources for Interviewing Analytic Exercises for Interviewing Chapter 5. Analyzing Interviews: Condensing and Coding Learning Objectives Introduction Interview Condensation Analyzing Interviews Through Codes and Coding Closure and Transition Analytic Exercises for Interviewing Sample Interview Transcript Part II. Analyzing the Framework Chapter 6. Analyzing Qualitative Methodologies Learning Objectives Introduction Theoretical Premises of Qualitative Research A Rationale for Qualitative Research Selected Methodologies of Qualitative Research and Analysis Mixed Methods On Genres Closure and Transition Resources for Analyzing Qualitative Research Methodologies Analytic Exercises for Qualitative Research Methodologies Supplemental Readings Chapter 7. Analyzing Qualitative Research Design Learning Objectives Introduction Researching and Analyzing the Topic Analyzing the Literature Research Questions Site Selection Participant Selection Data Collection Methods Data Analysis Methods Presentation Modes Timeline Design Conceptual Frameworks Closure and Transition Resources for Analyzing Qualitative Research Design Analytic Exercises for Qualitative Research Design Outline for a Qualitative Research Proposal Chapter 8. Analyzing Research Ethics Learning Objectives Introduction The Rules of Research Institutional Review Boards Researcher and Participant Relationships Ethics in Social Media Research Analyzing Ethical Ambiguity Closure and Transition Resources for Research Ethics Analytic Exercises for Research Ethics Part III. Analytic Assemblage Chapter 9. Analysis to Synthesis: Condensing, Patterning, and Unifying Learning Objectives Introduction On Synthesis Condensing Large Amounts of Data Patterning Textual, Visual, and Digital Materials Unifying Seemingly Different Things Closure and Transition Analytic Exercises for Analysis to Synthesis Chapter 10. Analysis to Synthesis: Understanding, Interpreting, and Theorizing Learning Objectives Introduction Understanding Social Processes of Human Action, Reaction, and Interaction Interpreting the Routines, Rituals, Rules, Roles, and Relationships of Social Life Theorizing CAQDAS On Credibility and Trustworthiness Closure and Transition Resources for Analysis to Synthesis Analytic Exercises for Analysis to Synthesis Sample Data for Analysis to Synthesis Chapter 11. Analytic Write-Ups Learning Objectives Introduction Stylistic Approaches to Research Writing On Writing About the Major Elements of a Study Journal Article Submission and Publication Closure and Transition Resources for Analytic Write-Ups Analytic Exercises for Write-Ups Sample Abstracts for Analysis Chapter 12. Analytic Presentations and Professional Development Learning Objectives Introduction Paper Presentations Poster Presentations Dramatic/Staged Readings Presenting Data Effectively Professional Networking Professional Development Analysis as a Lens, Filter, and Angle on Life Closure Resources for Presenting Qualitative Research and Professional Development as a Qualitative Researcher Analytic Exercises for Presentations and Professional Development Glossary References Index

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Book SynopsisBetter posters mean better research. Distilling over a decade of experience from the popular Better Posters blog, Zen Faulkes will help you create a clear and informative conference poster that delivers maximum impact. Academics have used posters to share research for more than five decades, and tens of thousands of posters are presented at conferences every year. Despite the popularity of the format, no in-depth guide has been available on how to create and deliver compelling conference posters. From over-long titles, tiny text and swarms of logos, to bad font choices, chaotic colour schemes and blurry images – it’s easy to leave viewers confused about your poster’s message. The solution is Better Posters: a comprehensive guide to everything you need to know – from writing a title and submitting an abstract, to designing the poster and finally presenting it in the poster session. Your conference poster will be one of your first research outputs, and the poster session is your first introduction to a professional community. Making a great poster develops the skills to create publications, reports, outreach and teaching materials throughout your career. This book also has material for conference organizers on how to make a better poster session for their attendees.Trade ReviewEngaging and easy to read... Every lab should have a copy of Better Posters. The book should make conference poster sessions better for everyone – those presenting and those attending. Thank goodness someone wrote it! -- Stephen Heard, Scientist Sees SquirrelWhat impressed me the most about Better Posters is its breadth... This book should be in the library of any university with a graduate program or on the shelf of any researcher who makes research posters/oversees students who make research posters. -- Kristin Briney * Data Ab Initio *...this excellent book is useful and enjoyable to read. * Conservation Biology *Table of ContentsForeword by Echo Rivera Preface Acknowledgments Introduction 1 Poster design: the short form Part I - For viewers 2 Attending a poster session Part II - For presenters 3 Why posters? 4 Design thinking 5 Early preparation 6 Narrative thinking 7 Visual thinking and graphic design 8 Figures 9 Presenting data 10 Colors 11 Beyond paper 12 Text and type 13 Layout 14 Grids 15 Background 16 Title bars 17 Blocks of text 18 Sections 19 Images and graphics, revisited 20 Fine-tuning 21 Before you print 22 Printing 23 Travel 24 Networking and presentation 25 After the conference Part III - For organizers 26 Poster session planning 27 Conference website resources 28 During the conference Part IV - What next? 29 Constant improvement Afterword References Index

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"This book is a valuable effort for those working in the field of the human hypothalamus. The images are of uniform quality and printed off bright white quality paper. There is no comparative textbook as detailed on this area." --© Doody’s Review Service, 2021, Brian R. MacPherson, PhD, reviewer, expert opinionTable of ContentsPart 1. General anatomic description with plastinated brain specimens and schematical drawings of pathways and nuclei Part 2. 130 sections of hypothalamus with corresponding contour maps

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Book SynopsisArthur Koestler''s extraordinary history of humanity''s changing vision of the universeIn this masterly synthesis, Arthur Koestler cuts through the sterile distinction between ''sciences'' and ''humanities'' to bring to life the whole history of cosmology from the Babylonians to Newton. He shows how the tragic split between science and religion arose and how, in particular, the modern world-view replaced the medieval world-view in the scientific revolution of the seventeenth century. He also provides vivid and judicious pen-portraits of a string of great scientists and makes clear the role that political bias and unconscious prejudice played in their creativity.Trade ReviewThe Sleepwalkers is a valuable and provocative book . . . a work with a noble aim * Sunday Times *The greatest part of this massive work is a close and valuable study of Copernicus, Tycho Brahe, Kepler, and Galileo . . . He writes tensely, with passion, as though personally involved, about events that took place more than 300 years ago * The Times *

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Book SynopsisIn Why We Teach Science (and Why We Should), former high school teacher and historian of science education John L. Rudolph examines the reasons we've long given for teaching science and assesses how they hold up to what we know about what students really learn.Trade ReviewScience education isn't just for producing future scientists. It's for producing science literate citizens. The benefits of science literacy, long accepted in US education, are now being questioned and even attacked. In Why We Teach Science, Rudolph examines how well science education has served this purpose and finds it lacking. He argues for a new approach to teaching science, one that meets the needs of a science literate society. * Gale M. Sinatra, University of Southern California. Co-Author of Science Denial: Why It Happens And What to Do About It *In Why We Teach Science and Why We Should, John Rudolph provocatively interrogates the discrepancy between the professed aims of American science education and the way in which it is actually conducted, ending with a compelling plea to reorient science education to serve science and society effectively. * Glenn Branch, deputy director, National Center for Science Education *This book is an essential read for anybody with any interest in what goes on in science education in our schools. Drawing from a lifetime of scholarship, he shows how we got to where we are today, and then, how that is failing the overwhelming majority of our children. He offers a new innovative vision of how to do justice to science and to young people. * Jonathan Osborne, Graduate School of Education, Stanford University *Science has been seen as both the cause and the solution to every American dilemma for the past sixty years. In Why We Teach Science, John L. Rudolph pushes beyond the clichés of those debates to offer a unique, clear-eyed prescription for the kind of science education we really need. * Adam Laats, author of Fundamentalist U and Creationism USA *In Why We Teach Science, John Rudolph reflects on Americans' distressing lack of understanding of how science creates reliable knowledge, so starkly revealed by the pandemic. Building on the wisdom of visionaries like Carl Sagan and James Rutherford, he argues convincingly for a new type of science education that focuses on having students learn "where science sits as a knowledge-producing institution in society and the value scientific expertise offers". Beautifully written, Rudolph correctly challenges our long-standing focus on teaching science facts. Badly needed are thousands of college professors to lead the way by addressing this urgent call. * Bruce Alberts, Chancellor's Leadership Chair in Biochemistry and Biophysics for Science and Education, University of California, San Francisco *What goals should science education aim for? And are today's schools achieving those goals? Why We Teach Science provides a lucid and comprehensive framework for thinking about these questions, outlining a practical philosophy for science education while also persuasively arguing that some goals are more worth achieving than others. * Andrew Shtulman, Professor of Psychology, Occidental College, author of scienceblind *A timely book by one of the country's best and most interesting thinkers about the history and current practice of science. * Ethan Hutt, University of North Carolina *There is a great deal to admire in this book and the desired audience is not restricted to academics or educators. There is potential for this work to stir conversation and perhaps shape policy. Rudolph gives voice to countless grumbling conversations science education professors have. * John Settlage, University of Connecticut *The topic is timely; the pandemic and climate change have increased attention to science education, and Rudolph writes thoughtfully. * Andy Zucker, Concord Consortium (retired) *In a thoroughly researched yet accessible style, Rudolph provides an overview of the evolution of the why and how of formal science education from the late 1800s to the present. * Choice *Why we Teach Science (and Why we Should)should be read by every science educator and teacher. The more we come to realize that change is needed, the more likely it is for this change to happen. John Rudolph is to be commended for writing a book that is a call for change. * Kostas Kampourakis, Progress in Science Education *Table of ContentsIntroduction What We Say 1: The Reasons We Teach Science What We Do 2: The Science Education We Have 3: Should We Be Training More Scientists? The Numbers Say No 4: The Failure of Scientific Literacy 5: How Well Does the Science Education We Have Actually Work? 6: Science Education for Better Thinking and the Limits of

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Book SynopsisThe National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation together fund more than $40 billion of research annually in the US and around the globe. Suitable for those who want to learn how federal legislation and regulations affect laboratory research, this primer reveals the often obscured intersection of government and science.Trade Review"A superb review of the complex laws, regulations, and generally accepted procedure that relate to the conduct of biomedical research in the United States. Law in the Laboratory should be required reading for deans or heads of research, for academic faculty, for federal regulators, and for graduate students as a part of their introduction to legal and ethical aspects of biomedical research." - Katherine High, University of Pennsylvania"

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Book SynopsisThis work examines the place of science in American politics and society. Dispelling the myth of scientific purity and detachment, Daniel S. Greenberg documents the political processes that underpinned government funding of science from the 1940s to the 1970s.

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Book SynopsisThis work examines the place of science in American politics and society. Dispelling the myth of scientific purity and detachment, Daniel S. Greenberg documents the political processes that underpinned government funding of science from the 1940s to the 1970s.

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Book SynopsisResearch Exposed offers in-depth, behind-the-scenes accounts of doing empirical social science in the era of digital communication. Through firsthand descriptions of innovative research projects, it shares lessons learned from over a dozen scholars’ cutting-edge work.Trade ReviewWith candor and clarity, contributors to this invaluable collection describe the newest research pathways as well as the tangents and hurdles that arise along the way. This revelatory book should be required reading for all social researchers and for anyone seeking deeper insight into the trailblazing scholarship that is making headlines and illuminating contemporary society. -- Alondra Nelson, Institute for Advanced Study, president of the Social Science Research CouncilEszter Hargittai’s work places her without a doubt at the top of the field of internet research methods. For this edited volume, she has convened a group of experts who together bring alive the extraordinary opportunities and thorny challenges facing those using and studying digital media as serious researchers. Hargittai’s commitment to thorough work and exciting scholarship makes this study of methods a must-read for the internet-era researcher. -- John Palfrey, president of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur FoundationResearch Exposed is a gem. It is a timely and important collection. It pushes our collective thinking about methods and designs, and, by implication, the substantive conclusions we can draw. It is inclusive and comprehensive and the contributions are strong, reflective, and honest, provided by a stellar lineup. Bravo! -- Claes de Vreese, University of Amsterdam, president of the International Communication AssociationResearch Exposed contributes significantly to extant literature, demystifying aspects of social scientific research methods that involve digital technologies. -- Kirsten Foot, coeditor of Media Technologies: Essays on Communication, Media, and SocietyThere are valuable insights to be found throughout....Overall, readers will find something of use in every chapter. If you have an interest in digital issues of any shape and size and want to know how any research here gets done you will not go far wrong with this collection. * Qualitative Research *A well-written volume that reveals many behind-the-scenes experiences of social scientific researchers in the digital age. * International Journal of Communication *Table of ContentsIntroduction, by Eszter Hargittai1. When Social Media Data Disappear, by Deen Freelon2. The Needle in the Haystack: Finding Social Bots on Twitter, by Tobias R. Keller and Ulrike Klinger3. Meeting Youth Where They Are: Challenges and Lessons Learned from Social Media Recruitment for Sexual and Gender Minority Youth, by Erin Fordyce, Michael J. Stern, and Melissa Heim Viox4. Qualitative Sampling and Internet Research, by Lee Humphreys5. Behind the Red Lights: Methods for Investigating the Digital Security and Privacy Experiences of Sex Workers, by Elissa M. Redmiles6. Using Unexpected Data to Study Up: Washington Political Journalism (and the Case of the Missing Press Pass), by Nikki Usher7. Social Media and Ethnographic Relationships, by Jeffrey Lane8. Ethnographic Research with People Experiencing Homelessness in the Digital Age, by Will Marler9. Going Rural: Personal Notes from a Mixed-Methods Project on Digital Media in Remote Communities, by Teresa Correa and Isabel Pavez10. Stitching Data: A Multimodal Approach to Learning About Independent Artists’ Social Media Use, by Erin Flynn Klawitter11. A Measurement Burst Study of Media Use and Well-Being Among Older Adults: Logistically Challenging at Best, by Matthias Hofer12. Community-Based Intervention Research Strategies: Digital Inclusion for Marginalized Populations, by Hyunjin SeoList of ContributorsIndex

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Book SynopsisA proposal for using cost-benefit analysis to evaluate the socioeconomic impact of public investment in large scientific projects.Large particle accelerators, outer space probes, genomics platforms: all are scientific enterprises managed through the new form of the research infrastructure, in which communities of scientists collaborate across nations, universities, research institutions, and disciplines. Such large projects are often publicly funded, with no accepted way to measure the benefits to society of these investments. In this book, Massimo Florio suggests the use of cost-benefit analysis (CBA) to evaluate the socioeconomic impact of public investment in large and costly scientific projects.The core concept of CBA of any infrastructure is to undertake the consistent intertemporal accounting of social welfare effects using the available information. Florio develops a simple framework for such accounting in the research infrastructure context and then offers a sy

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Book SynopsisA new and coherent framework for fostering the breakthrough innovations that we urgently need to confront our collective future.We live in less innovative times than we think. Despite having made major technological advancements in a few areas, we are still left with enormous unsolved challenges. A radical shift in the culture of innovation is needed. On the Brink of Utopia, by authors Thomas Ramge and Rafael Laguna de la Vera, and with a foreword written by Nobel Laureate Stefan Hell, offers just that—a new and coherent framework for fostering breakthrough innovations for human progress. In their “Innovation Leap Paradigm,” they present seven steps in seven chapters and answer three simple questions: What great challenges need to be tackled? Who makes tech leaps? And finally, what political, economic, and cultural environments foster radical innovation?   The authors sketch out a future in which technology will solve real

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Book SynopsisVolume Two of an award-winning professor’s introduction to essential concepts of calculus and mathematical modeling for students in the biosciencesTrade Review“Clear, enthusiastic, and communicating a love of maths, this is a useful, engaging and well-written text.”—Becca Asquith, Professor of Mathematical Immunology, Imperial College London"This is a wonderful book, wise and witty. It would have taught me most of the math I needed for my career in research – if I did all the problems."—Stephen Stearns, author of The Evolution of Life Histories and Evolutionary Medicine“This well-written book covers multivariate calculus and dynamical systems within the context of the biological sciences, providing well-chosen, up-to-date biomedical examples. The Markov chain, along with its many interesting applications, is also introduced.”—Hongyu He, Professor of Mathematics, Louisiana State University

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Book SynopsisChemical imaging has a variety of applications for almost every facet of our daily lives, ranging from medical diagnosis and treatment to the study and design of material properties in new products. This book reviews the state of chemical imaging technology, identifies promising future developments and their applications, and more.Table of Contents1 Front Matter; 2 Executive Summary; 3 1 Introduction; 4 2 Utilizing Chemical Imaging to Address Scientific and Technical Challenges: Case Studies; 5 3 Imaging Techniques: State of the Art and Future Potential; 6 4 Committee Findings and Recommendations; 7 A Statement of Task; 8 B Committee Member Biographies; 9 C Guest Panelists; 10 D Acronyms and Abbreviations

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Book SynopsisThe scientific research enterprise is built on a foundation of trust. Scientists trust that the results reported by others are valid. Society trusts that the results of research reflect an honest attempt by scientists to describe the world accurately and without bias. But this trust will endure only if the scientific community devotes itself to exemplifying and transmitting the values associated with ethical scientific conduct. On Being a Scientist was designed to supplement the informal lessons in ethics provided by research supervisors and mentors. The book describes the ethical foundations of scientific practices and some of the personal and professional issues that researchers encounter in their work. It applies to all forms of researchwhether in academic, industrial, or governmental settings-and to all scientific disciplines. This third edition of On Being a Scientist reflects developments since the publication of the original edition in 1989 and a second edition in 1995. A contTable of Contents1 Front Matter; 2 Introduction to the Responsible Conduct of Research; 3 Advising and Mentoring; 4 The Treatment of Data; 5 Mistakes and Negligence; 6 Research Misconduct; 7 Responding to Suspected Violations of Professional Standards; 8 Human Participants and Animal Subjects in Research; 9 Laboratory Safety in Research; 10 Sharing of Research Results; 11 Authorship and the Allocation of Credit; 12 Intellectual Property; 13 Competing Interests, Commitments, and Values; 14 The Researcher in Society; 15 Appendix: Discussion of Case Studies; 16 Additional Resources

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1 Front Matter; 2 1 Introduction and Major Outcomes of the Workshop; 3 2 Major Themes of the Workshop Discussions; 4 3 Observations from the Workshop's Keynote Presentations; 5 Appendix A Letter from Senator Jack Reed to Ralph Cicerone, National Academy of Sciences President; 6 Appendix B Workshop Participants

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsIntroduction Methods (Surgery, Histological methods, Stereotaxic reference system and correcting for shrinkage, Delineation of structures) References Index of structures Index of abbreviations Figures: Color plates in stereotaxic coordinates Appendixes: TH staining, ChAT staining

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsPart 1: Coronal sections Part 2: Horizontal sections Part 3: Sagittal sections

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Book SynopsisAsk questions not on the agenda Explore ideas wherever they lead Pursue goals because they''re important Create options not yet perceived According to premier researcher Don Braben, these are the vital intellectual processes that underlie all human achievement, the kinds of risk-taking activities that have made our civilization what it is today. Yet, warns Braben, the same pioneer spirit that fueled our meteoric industrial and scientific growth is now being undermined by a growing climate of corporate caution and conformity. In this groundbreaking manifesto on the importance of scientific freedom, Braben asserts that the greatest long-term risks facing humanity will not come from weapons of mass destruction, prolonged global war, devastating disease or famine, or even from extinction by a huge wayward meteor. Rather they will come from the debilitating attrition caused by the rising tides of bureaucracy and control that are steadily stTrade Review“…I undeservedly recommend this book to anyone who has puzzled over the growing malaise of contemporary scientific research…Braben is literate, pithy and personable...” (Nature, Vol.433, 27th January 2005) “Braben lays out his thesis effectively in the introduction, drawing the reader to commit to the book…a stimulating read” (www.felixonline.co.uk, 2004) “…(I) recommend this book to anyone involved in or worried about science.” (Chemistry World, October 2004)Table of ContentsForeword. Preface. Introduction, Chapter 1: Dissent and Research: The Supreme Stimulants. Chapter 2: The Power of Dissent: From Primates to Superpower. Chapter 3: The Rise from Oblivion. Chapter 4: Taming Research: The Problems of Success. Chapter 5: The Bureaucratic Jungle. Chapter 6: Prospects for Economic Growth. Chapter 7: Re-Creating the Golden Age. Chapter 8: Venture Research. Appendix 1: Some Results from the Venture Research Initiative Sponspored by British Petroleum. Appendix 2: The Venture Research Group. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisProvides synthetic chemists with a method for rapid retrieval of information from the literature, listing material by reaction type rather than by author name or publication date. Each updated volume presents the latest synthetic methods for preparation of monofunctional and difunctional compounds. The organization is logical and easy to follow; sections are arranged according to the possible interconversions between the major functional groups. Enables synthetic chemists to keep abreast of recent developments and retrieve a specific piece of information quickly and easily.Table of ContentsAbbreviations. Index, Monofunctional Compounds. Index, Difunctional Compounds. Preparation of Acetylenes. Preparation of Carboxylic Acids, Acid Halides, andAnhydrides. Preparation of Alcohols and Phenols. Preparation of Aldehydes. Preparation of Alkyls, Methylenes, and Aryls. Preparation of Amides. Preparation of Amines. Preparation of Esters. Preparation of Ethers and Epoxides. Preparation of Halides and Sulfonates. Preparation of Hydrides. Preparation of Ketones. Preparation of Nitriles. Preparation of Olefins. Preparation of Difunctional Compounds.

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Book SynopsisOrganic Syntheses consists of protocols for the synthesis of useful chemical compounds. Each protocol is repeated in the laboratory of one of the editorial board members for accuracy or for missing experimental details prior to publication.

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Book SynopsisAt a time when science is seen as an engine of economic growth, Paula Stephan brings a keen understanding of the cost–benefit calculations made by individuals and institutions as they compete for resources and reputation in scientific fields. She highlights especially the growing gap between the biomedical sciences and physics/engineering.Trade ReviewHow Economics Shapes Science should be required reading for all scientists and students of science, who are increasingly called upon to adopt the language and logic of economics and engage in policy discussions. Paula Stephan (an economist at Georgia State University) makes her case in simple, easy-to-follow language, using timely examples… The book starts by summarizing the case that private industry alone will not invest in the socially optimal level of research, which will ultimately decrease the rate of innovation and lower economic growth. The logic is worth repeating at a time when there are calls for limiting government support for research and researchers face pressures to engage in lower-risk projects. Stephan convincingly argues that monetary incentives increasingly determine the behavior of researchers at the expense of scientists’ desire to participate in the joy of solving problems, receive recognition, and obtain a good reputation. -- Maryann Feldman * Science *[An] original and engaging book… Informed, authoritative and thoughtful, Stephan’s book will be an invaluable resource for scientists, policymakers and all those working to improve the ‘science of science and innovation policy’ in the U.S., Europe and further afield. -- James Wilsdon * Times Higher Education *A big biomedical lab spends 18 cents a day to keep one lab mouse, amounting to hundreds of thousands of dollars for animals each year. Economist Paula Stephan takes an exhaustive look at how publicly funded science pays such bills, and how this affects research, researchers and the economy. She argues that expanding universities and stagnant budgets have made funders and scientists more risk-averse, and stunted the development of young investigators. * Nature *[A] rich, data-driven, and nuanced discussion of science and economics… [A] excellent book. Stephan addresses how R&D spending is often driven by politics—either geo-politics (the Cold War) or personal politics (biomedical research), and how jobs in the sciences respond accordingly (and how competitive options for smart people have affected job uptake). She also talks about how difficult science and research spending is to measure from an economic efficiency perspective—essentially, because payback on investments can be quite indirect and take decades, choosing between investment options is fraught with the chance for mistakes. And the emerging trend showing that higher-impact science comes from funding entities that evaluate people instead of projects and provides longer-term funding is also covered… This book will have a special place on my shelf, as one of a handful of books that demand to be revisited, referenced, and re-read because there is so much clear and important information to be had, and some definite criticisms of the current system policy-makers need to consider. -- Kent Anderson * Scholarly Kitchen *Illuminating and accessible… Using the ‘tool bag’ economics provides for ‘analyzing the relationships between incentives and costs,’ [Stephan] penetrates the financial structure of university-based science, explaining the motivation and behavior of everyone from august university presidents and professors to powerless and impecunious graduate students and postdocs. It’s a remarkably revealing approach… The short space at my disposal allows me to present just a hint of the penetrating discoveries waiting in this book… [A] rigorous and clear-eyed examination of the money trail. She conveys her findings in clear, comprehensible prose. If you want to understand what is really happening in American academic science today, here’s my advice: Read this enlightening book. -- Beryl Lieff Benderly * Science Careers *This volume provides a useful summary of how economics shapes science that is accessible to students and researchers in a variety of disciplines and to policy makers. -- R. B. Emmett * Choice *Paula Stephan is the undisputed authority on the economics of science and her book is a delight. Laced with dozens of revealing anecdotes about everything from transgenic mice to the competition for high h-indexes and the Nobel Prize, How Economics Shapes Science reveals the economic logic behind the workings of modern science and makes a compelling case for using incentives to rationalize our use of scarce resources. -- Charles Clotfelter, Z. Smith Reynolds Professor of Public Policy and Professor of Economics and Law, Duke UniversityPaula Stephan is one of the world’s leading scholars of the economics of science. Her comprehensive analysis—as readable as it is timely—is a must read for anyone worrying about the future of science policy or the economics of universities. -- Ronald G. Ehrenberg, Irving M. Ives Professor of Industrial and Labor Relations and Economics, Cornell UniversityThis is a marvelous book—lucid, cogent, and lively, full of fascinating anecdotes and news about what university science costs, who pays for it, and who benefits. Paula Stephan saw science as an economic enterprise long before other economists did, and she’s written what will be the definitive book for years to come. -- Richard Freeman, Herbert Ascherman Chair in Economics, Harvard UniversityThis fascinating book makes senior scientists like me keenly aware of the travails that await our students and post-docs as they pursue the many years of scientific training that lead to a very uncertain career. As Paula Stephan shows, from the point of view of income and stability, our students might be better off getting MBAs. All senior scientists should read this book. It gives a sobering dose of reality to our love of science. -- Kathleen Giacomini, Professor of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San FranciscoHow do economic considerations shape what scientists do? How do scientific developments affect economic progress? In a world facing challenges like global warming and threats of economic stagnation, these are critical questions. Paula Stephan’s treatment is masterful—and readable outside the ranks of economists, too. -- Richard R. Nelson, George Blumenthal Professor Emeritus of International and Public Affairs, Business, and Law, Columbia UniversityScientific research and professional training are now inextricably linked. At the same time the perceived costs and benefits of science have skyrocketed, with governments and universities setting economic incentives in the race for productivity and prestige. Stephan’s groundbreaking economic analysis shows the complex results of these policies. -- Mara Prentiss, Mallinckrodt Professor of Physics, Harvard UniversityWe in Europe often invoke the U.S. science system as the frontier for us, but most of us don’t know in detail how it actually operates. With its wealth of facts and stories, and its rich multidisciplinary perspective, Paula Stephan’s book can teach us. It will help scientists understand their environment and help policy makers see what levers they have (or do not have) to direct science. No one other than Paula Stephan could write with such insight and depth. -- Reinhilde Veugelers, Professor of Managerial Economics, Strategy and Innovation, Katholieke Universiteit LeuvenAn excellent introductory coverage of the nature of the scientific process as constructed through an economist’s framework…There is a rich smorgasbord of well-structured interrogation of each major issue that bedevils or stimulates the life of researchers in the sciences…Quite pertinent to current debate. -- Glenn Withers * Economic Record *

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Book SynopsisRepresents an original look at the biotechnology research in the wake of the mapping of the human genome. Presenting a series of interviews with various key players in Celera Diagnostics, this title opens a window on the complexity of corporate scientific innovation.Trade Review"The strength of Rabinow's approach is that we hear the voices of scientists at work. Not only do they describe the science itself, but they also provide their perception of its importance. Rabinow is a skillful interviewer who elicits motivation from his subjects. We are given a rare glimpse into the professional lives of the participants and the energy that drives their scientific and personal decisions."--William A. Haseltine, Science "Paul Rabinow is the leading anthropologist of contemporary biotechnology... It would be easy for him to use his authority to apportion praise and blame, or to develop a magisterial contribution to anthropological theory. But [he] resists coming to artificially neat conclusions... This book's compelling insights should be required reading for everyone who pictures themselves a scientific entrepreneur, or who cares about the state of contemporary science."--Christine Hine, New Scientist "A Machine to Make a Future by Paul Rabinow and Talia Dan-Cohen, a book as impressive as the previous two works in Rainbow's biotechnology trilogy ... Is an in-depth and well-constructed anthropological chronicle of this new Californian scientific enterprise. With his student Talia Dan-Cohen, Rabinow has provided a highly readable account of Celera Diagnostics' formative period ... through a series of lengthy but insightful interviews with the original researchers."--Xuefeng Bruce Ling, The Journal of Clinical Investigation "This book is a good choice for even a layperson to get a grip on the current developments in the world of genomics and how these diagnostics can help health and health care."--Rukmini Rajagopalan, Current Science "This book may signal an entirely new way of viewing scientific innovation in a globalized, competitive environment, integrating new technologies and methodological insights."--Biology Digest "[Paul Rabinow's] interviews are expertly conducted and provide a rich resource that can be mined from a variety of perspectives--including scientific, business, legal, ethical, and philosophical."--George Jannas, Quarterly Review of BiologyTable of ContentsOverture: A MACHINE TO MAKE A FUTURE 1 Chapter One: ENDING AND BEGINNING 13 Chapter Two: THE STATE OF THINGS AT CELERA DIAGNOSTICS, EXPLAINED TO INVESTORS AND TO ANTHROPOLOGISTS 38 Chapter Three: THE MACHINERY AND ITS STEWARDS 62 Chapter Four: ETHICAL AND SOCIAL CONSULTANCY 97 Chapter Five: CONFIDENCE AND TRUST 111 Chapter Six: MODELS ORIENT, TECHNOLOGIES PERFORM, SAMPLES SPEAK (OR VICE VERSA) 144 Chapter Seven: SUMMER 2003 169 Illustrations 187 Appendix: A CORPORATE HISTORY 189 Notes 191 Glossary 195

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Book SynopsisThe development of theorems in logic is generally thought to be a solitary and purely cerebral activity, and therefore unobservable by sociologists. This book challenges this notion by tracing the history of one well-known example in the field of artificial intelligence - a theorem on the foundations of fuzzy logic.Trade Review"Sociologist Rosental meticulously argues for the materiality of logic as a field of inquiry. He rigorously grounds his work in science studies, extending the reach of social analysis into a domain superficially thought to be purely mental: that of logical formalism and proof."--J.L. Croissant, Choice "In the history of STS, hard cases, from mathematics to laboratory manipulations, have played key roles. This book should enter the field as an exemplary treatment of a hard case."--Sergio Sismondo, Canadian Journal of Sociology "Rosentals's Weaving Self-Evidence ... is timely and much needed."--Stephan Fuchs, American Journal of SociologyTable of ContentsACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix INTRODUCTION 1 A Sociologist among Logicians 2 Observing Demonstrations 4 A Necessarily Detailed Analytic Account 7 Grasping the Emergence of a Logical Theorem 8 Accessing the Specialized Skills of Workers in Logic 12 PART ONE: ACCESSING THE WORLD OF PRODUCERS OF LOGICAL STATEMENTS 15 CHAPTER 1: How Can We Grasp What Logic-Makers Do? Questions Raised in the Human Sciences and Philosophy about Logic and Mathematics 17 Do Researchers in Logic Invoke Ideal Principles? 18 How Do Multiple Social Actors Put Forward Various Definitions and Practices of Logic? 20 Questions Raised by Certain Works in the Social History of Mathematics 24 Can Institutional Sociology Account for the Ways in Which Research in Mathematics Is Carried Out? 24 Can One Grasp the Role of Networks of Actors and Practices in the Production of a Theorem? 31 What Role Does the Scale of Adoption of Specific Practices of Demonstration Play in the Dynamics of Recognition of a Result? 33 Can the Analysis of Demonstrative Practices Be Inscribed Solely within the Framework of the History of a Scientific Discipline? 36 What Demonstrative Resources Are Used for What Recognition? 40 Questions Raised by Some Studies That Focus on, or Formulate a Research Program to Address, Practices in Logic 44 Conclusion 53 CHAPTER 2: Spaces and Tools for Exchange 55 Preliminary Information about the Way an Electronic Forum Works 55 Shared Skills in Logic 59 PART TWO: PRACTICES OF DE-MONSTRATION: DEBATING A THEOREM IN AN ELECTRONIC FORUM 75 CHAPTER 3: Bringing to Light: Demonstration Put to the Test of Antagonistic Logical Practices 77 The Formal Presentation of a Demonstration Does Not Lead Automatically to Consensus 77 The Absence of Universally Recognized Central Logical Principles 77 The Heterogeneity of Ways of Doing Logic 83 The Use Values of Demonstrations 93 De-monstrating and Appearing 96 The Practice of Substituting Proofs 96 Making Logical Principles Appear and Disappear in Demonstrations 98 Making Certain De-monstrations Maximally Visible 109 CHAPTER 4: Evaluating the Correctness of a Theorem and the Properties of a Logic at the Intersection between Several De-monstrative Modes 116 Bringing to the Fore the Properties of a Logical System in Technological Devices in Order to Cast Doubt on the Correctness of a Proof 116 Personalizing the Debates in Order to Evaluate the Correctness of a Theorem 125 Trying to Neutralize a Proof by Invoking General Antagonisms 127 Contesting a Proof and Defending Logical Properties by Evoking a Cultural Specificity 136 PART THREE: MEDIATIONS USED TO ADVANCE A LOGICAL THEOREM 149 CHAPTER 5: Accompanying De-monstrations: The Publication of a De-monstration at the Heart of the Action of Groups of Actors 151 How One and the Same De-monstration Can Be Rejected and Then Accepted for Publication 151 From De-monstration to Publication: The Importance of Interactions 161 Elkan's Proof and the Conference Paper Selection Process 171 CHAPTER 6: Federating a Counter-De-monstration or Producing Hand-Tailored Responses 187 Producing More Stable and Visible Responses, in Limited Number 187 The Formation and Use of Sedimented Repertories of De-monstration 198 Advancing Adaptive, Polysemic, and Differentiated De-monstrations 204 CHAPTER 7: The Emergence of a Quasi-Object and a Collective Statement 211 Recourse to Tacit Manipulations: De-monstration as a Quasi-Object 211 Defending a Proof by Reformulating It 217 Nuances and Precautions 218 A Polysemic Textual Device to Stabilize Debates 221 The Successive Versions of a Proof: Records of Negotiations 233 De-monstrations Serving to Stabilize a Controversy 237 Federating and Stabilizing Positions and Thereby Helping to Marginalize the Adversary 238 Devices of Reiteration and Reference Contributing to a Stabilization of the Debates 244 CONCLUSION A Sociology of the Practices of De-monstration 250 Destylizing the Unfolding of Debates in Logic 250 Following the Production of Certified Knowledge in Logic 253 Observing the Work of De-monstration 256 Logic and Sociology 259 Toward a Social and Material History of Forms of De-monstration 266 WORKS CITED 271 INDEX 287

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Book SynopsisIn this book Rajneesh Narula examines the interdependence of globalization and technological innovation at two levels: first, between locations, by examining the role of cross--border initiatives in the innovation process; second, between corporate entities, by studying the dynamics of inter--firm R&D collaboration.Trade Review"New technologies have been the main fuel of globalization over the last quarter of a century. This fascinating book shows what the devices have been and, more importantly, how we can work with them to improve human affairs or the welfare of society at large." Professor Daniele Archibugi, Italian National Research Council, Rome "One of the best analyses of the interface between globalization and innovatory development – at both a firm and a country level – I have read. A well-crafted and closely reasoned monograph which deserves to be widely read by academic scholars and policy makers alike." John H. Dunning, University of Reading "A rare fusion of analytical clarity and illustrative readability both for the expert and the layman." Science and Public PolicyTable of ContentsList of Figures. List of Tables. List of Boxes. Abbreviations. Acknowledgements. Introduction. 1. Technology and Globalization as Concatenated Processes: A Brief Commentary on the Causes of Globalization. 2. Cross-border Interdependence between Locations: Learning Growth and Systems of Innovation. 3. Innovation Systems and 'Inertia' in R&D Location: Norwegian Firms and the Role of Systemic Lock-in. 4. Cross-border Interdependence between Firms: The Growth of Strategic Technology Partnering. 5. In-house, R&D, Outsourcing or Alliances? Some Strategic and Economic Considerations. 6. Technological Catch-up and Strategic Technology Partnering in Developing Countries. 7. Technology, Globalization and Policy Issues: Some Observations. Notes. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisIn this book Rajneesh Narula examines the interdependence of globalization and technological innovation at two levels: first, between locations, by examining the role of cross--border initiatives in the innovation process; second, between corporate entities, by studying the dynamics of inter--firm R&D collaboration.Trade Review"New technologies have been the main fuel of globalization over the last quarter of a century. This fascinating book shows what the devices have been and, more importantly, how we can work with them to improve human affairs or the welfare of society at large." Professor Daniele Archibugi, Italian National Research Council, Rome "One of the best analyses of the interface between globalization and innovatory development – at both a firm and a country level – I have read. A well-crafted and closely reasoned monograph which deserves to be widely read by academic scholars and policy makers alike." John H. Dunning, University of Reading "A rare fusion of analytical clarity and illustrative readability both for the expert and the layman." Science and Public PolicyTable of ContentsList of Figures. List of Tables. List of Boxes. Abbreviations. Acknowledgements. Introduction. 1. Technology and Globalization as Concatenated Processes: A Brief Commentary on the Causes of Globalization. 2. Cross-border Interdependence between Locations: Learning Growth and Systems of Innovation. 3. Innovation Systems and 'Inertia' in R&D Location: Norwegian Firms and the Role of Systemic Lock-in. 4. Cross-border Interdependence between Firms: The Growth of Strategic Technology Partnering. 5. In-house, R&D, Outsourcing or Alliances? Some Strategic and Economic Considerations. 6. Technological Catch-up and Strategic Technology Partnering in Developing Countries. 7. Technology, Globalization and Policy Issues: Some Observations. Notes. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisContaining helpful summaries and checklists throughout and based on Mazur's thirty years of research experience, this accessible and informative guide will give all IRB members the tools they need to protect human lives and facilitate the research process.Trade ReviewA well-written and informative narrative of the inner workings of IRBs. It is a must-read for those who are (or will be) members of an IRB and for those who need to submit a proposal. -- Maura Pilotti, Ph.D. Metapsychology 2007 An indispensable guide for both experienced and inexperienced IRB members... I would recommend it to any IRB member. Doody's Review Service 2007 Mazur's book provides IRB members with essential questions they should ask when reviewing proposed and ongoing studies. -- Karen J. Maschke New England Journal of Medicine 2007 The book contains an interesting perspective and a wealth of knowledge. It contains quite a lot of information for any single audience, but those who serve on IRBs can benefit greatly from reading and referring to Mazur's work. -- Alice Z. Frohna JAMA 2007 College-level holdings strong in medical and research issues or medical ethics will want this review. Midwest Book Review 2007 There is much to like about Evaluating the Science and Ethics of Research on Humans; its depth and sophistication... Not just Mazur's experience but the overall evolution of research administration is reflected in this volume. -- Kenneth A. DeVille Journal of Legal Medicine 2007 Every IRB member must read this book so that the participants of clinical trials benefit from it. -- Sanjay A. Pai Indian Journal of Medical Ethics 2008 The author applies extensive experience to illustrate the depth of ethical reflection that research proposals can generate and provides guidance on how reflection can be directed to decision making... Checklists in the text and appendices afford IRB members and officers the comfort of knowing that little, if anything, has been overlooked in discharging ethics review. -- Bernard M. Dickens, PhD Annals of Internal Medicine 2008 The analysis of a study's risk-benefit ratio is especially good. U.S. Dept. of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research 2007 Contains helpful summaries and checklists throughout based on the author's thirty years of research experience. Issues in Law and Medicine 2008Table of ContentsPrefaceIntroduction: What Can the New IRB Member Expect?Part I: The IRB, Its Work, and Its Challenges1. What Is an IRB, and What Does It Do?2. Basic Terms and Concepts Used in IRB Work3. What Is Risk?Part II: The Scientific Protocol and the Informed Consent Form4. Prescreening of Proposals5. The Scientific Protocol6. The Informed Consent Form7. Recruitment, Selection, and Compensation of Study Participants8. Research involving Questionnaires and Surveys9. Protection of Participants' Privacy in Research Dataand SpecimensPart III: The Continuing Work of the IRB10. The Ethical Issues of Informed Consent11. Continuing Review, Communication, and Feedback12. Where Are IRBs Making Mistakes, and How Can We Minimize Mistakes?13. Strategies for Managing the IRB Workload and Supporting IRB Decision Making14. Decision-Making Capacity and Accountability in ResearchSummary: The IRB's Key RoleAppendix 1: A Check List for Reviewing a Scientific ProtocolAppendix 2: A Check List for Reviewing an Informed Consent FormNotesWebsite References for Cited DocumentsIndex

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Book SynopsisContaining helpful summaries and checklists throughout and based on Mazur's thirty years of research experience, this accessible and informative guide will give all IRB members the tools they need to protect human lives and facilitate the research process.Trade ReviewA well-written and informative narrative of the inner workings of IRBs. It is a must-read for those who are (or will be) members of an IRB and for those who need to submit a proposal. -- Maura Pilotti, Ph.D. Metapsychology 2007 An indispensable guide for both experienced and inexperienced IRB members... I would recommend it to any IRB member. Doody's Review Service 2007 Mazur's book provides IRB members with essential questions they should ask when reviewing proposed and ongoing studies. -- Karen J. Maschke New England Journal of Medicine 2007 The book contains an interesting perspective and a wealth of knowledge. It contains quite a lot of information for any single audience, but those who serve on IRBs can benefit greatly from reading and referring to Mazur's work. -- Alice Z. Frohna JAMA 2007 College-level holdings strong in medical and research issues or medical ethics will want this review. Midwest Book Review 2007 There is much to like about Evaluating the Science and Ethics of Research on Humans; its depth and sophistication... Not just Mazur's experience but the overall evolution of research administration is reflected in this volume. -- Kenneth A. DeVille Journal of Legal Medicine 2007 Every IRB member must read this book so that the participants of clinical trials benefit from it. -- Sanjay A. Pai Indian Journal of Medical Ethics 2008 The author applies extensive experience to illustrate the depth of ethical reflection that research proposals can generate and provides guidance on how reflection can be directed to decision making... Checklists in the text and appendices afford IRB members and officers the comfort of knowing that little, if anything, has been overlooked in discharging ethics review. -- Bernard M. Dickens, PhD Annals of Internal Medicine 2008 The analysis of a study's risk-benefit ratio is especially good. U.S. Dept. of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research 2007 Contains helpful summaries and checklists throughout based on the author's thirty years of research experience. Issues in Law and Medicine 2008Table of ContentsPrefaceIntroduction: What Can the New IRB Member Expect?Part I: The IRB, Its Work, and Its Challenges1. What Is an IRB, and What Does It Do?2. Basic Terms and Concepts Used in IRB Work3. What Is Risk?Part II: The Scientific Protocol and the Informed Consent Form4. Prescreening of Proposals5. The Scientific Protocol6. The Informed Consent Form7. Recruitment, Selection, and Compensation of Study Participants8. Research involving Questionnaires and Surveys9. Protection of Participants' Privacy in Research Dataand SpecimensPart III: The Continuing Work of the IRB10. The Ethical Issues of Informed Consent11. Continuing Review, Communication, and Feedback12. Where Are IRBs Making Mistakes, and How Can We Minimize Mistakes?13. Strategies for Managing the IRB Workload and Supporting IRB Decision Making14. Decision-Making Capacity and Accountability in ResearchSummary: The IRB's Key RoleAppendix 1: A Check List for Reviewing a Scientific ProtocolAppendix 2: A Check List for Reviewing an Informed Consent FormNotesWebsite References for Cited DocumentsIndex

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Book SynopsisCan the methods of science be directed toward science itself? How did it happen that scientists, scientific documents, and their bibliographic links came to be regarded as mathematical variables in abstract models of scientific communication? What is the role of quantitative analyses of scientific and technical documentation in current science policy and management? Bibliometrics and Citation Analysis: From the Science Citation Index to Cybermetrics answers these questions through a comprehensive overview of theories, techniques, concepts, and applications in the interdisciplinary and steadily growing field of bibliometrics. Since citation indexes came into the limelight during the mid-1960s, citation networks have become increasingly important for many different research fields. The book begins by investigating the empirical, philosophical, and mathematical foundations of bibliometrics, including its beginnings with the Science Citation Index, the theoretical framework behind it, anTrade ReviewThis book is particularly recommended for practicing bibliometricians to gain a historical overview of their field, for humanities-oriented scholars of bibliometrics as a way of engaging with the key debates of the field, and for policy makers and research managers who need to understand bibliometrics because of its use within their sphere of operations. It is well-written, authoritative, and valuable . . . This book would be an excellent text for students enrolled in an academic librarianship course because it provides a good overview of the complex issues academic librarians face in today's environment. This book is a testament to all the researchers and practitioners who are trying to ensure that academic librarians meet the needs of their clientele. * Library & Information Science Research *A broad and enjoyable introduction to the history, theory and techniques of bibliometrics. * Higher Education Academy: Information and Computer Sciences, August 2009 *

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewThe foreword provides interesting background on the hurtles to getting the still-relevant handbook declassified. * Book News, Inc. *

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisThis book investigates current trends in chemometrics, proteomics, column technology, and element-selective detection for pharmaceutical, medical, industrial, and environmental applications. It offers recent strategies to evaluate and assess materials in air, water, soil, and landfill samples, to determine the amount of hydrocarbons in the atmosphere and calculate their atmospheric lifetimes, to utilize microfluidic devices for small-volume biological analyses, and to examine the role of proteins in cellular signaling, structures, and pathways. With contributions from leading authorities, this text is an enriching guide for analytical, organic, inorganic, clinical, and physical chemists, chromatographers, biochemists, biotechnologists, and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines.Table of Contents1. Chemometrie Analysis of Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Separations 2. Column Technology for Capillary Electrochromatography 3. Gas Chromatography with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometric Detection (GP-ICP MS) 4. GC-MS Analysis of Halocarbons in the Environment 5. Microfluidics for Ultrasmall-Volume Biological Analysis 6. Recent Trends in Proteome Analysis 7. Improving Our Understanding of Reversed-Phase Separations for the 21st Century 8. Clinical Applications of High-Performance Affinity Chromatography

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Book SynopsisVolume 35 examines timely subjects such as performance requirements, detection modes, and ancillary techniques for optical detectors in capillary electrophoresis; and more.Trade Review"The overall quality of the chapters in this collected volume is quite high, and each chapter would be greatly beneficial to anyone needing a quick introduction into one of the areas covered. Any library maintaining the series should definitely acquire volume 35. "---Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis ". . .All of the reviews presented in this volume are not only pleasant to read but they offer a good survey of the latest achievements in the field. . .the editors should be congratulated for a well done job. For its price the volume is a good buy. "---Journal of Chromatography A "This volume will make an excellent addition to any analytical chemist's collection. "---Journal of the American Chemical Society ". . .Another thoroughly recommended reference volume for the chromatographer. "---AnalystTable of ContentsOptical detectors for capillary electrophoresis; capillary electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry; approaches for the optimization of experimental parameters in capillary zone electrophoresis; crawling out of chiral pool - the evolution of Pirkle-type chiral stationary phases; pharmaceutical analysis by capillary electrophoresis; chromatographic characterization of gasolines; reversed-phase ion-pair and ion-interaction chromatography; error sources in the determination of chromatographic peak area ratios.

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Book SynopsisIncludes Whewell's seminal studies of the logic of induction (with his critique of Mill's theory), arguments for his realist view that science discovers necessary truths about nature, and exercises in the epistemology and ontology of science. This book sets forth a coherent statement of a historically important philosophy of science.

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Book SynopsisIncludes Whewell's seminal studies of the logic of induction (with his critique of Mill's theory), arguments for his realist view that science discovers necessary truths about nature, and exercises in the epistemology and ontology of science. This book sets forth a coherent statement of a historically important philosophy of science.

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Book Synopsis"Structure of Science: Problems in the Logic of Scientific Explanation - 2nd Edition".Trade ReviewErnest Nagel's work, The Structure of Science , has earned for itself the status of an outstanding standard work in its field. It offers an exceptionally thorough and comprehensive methodological and philosophical exploration encountered in those diverse fields. Nagel's discussion is distinguished by the lucidity of its style, the incisiveness of its reasoning, and the solidity of its grounding in all the major branches of scientific inquiry. The Structure of Science has become a highly influential work that is widely invoked in the methodological and philosophical literature. Recent controversies between analytics and historic-sociological approaches to the philosophy of science have not diminished its significance; in fact, it seems to me that the pragmatist component in Nagel's thinking may be helpful for efforts to develop a rapprochement between the contending schools. --Carl G. Hempel

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Book SynopsisThe first introductory guide to the fast-paced and emerging field of research, equipping readers with the knowledge to critically interpret and plan adaptive clinical trials and master protocols. An invaluable text for medical students and researchers, featuring a history of clinical trial research, case studies and a practical guide.Trade Review'A delightful, easy-to-read and must-have primer for anyone offering a course on basic concepts, ingredients, attributes, and different types of, including common misconceptions and practical considerations for, adaptive clinical trials and master protocols.' Lehana Thabane, Professor, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Canada'This book fulfils an important need, providing a broad overview of recent work in innovative approaches to clinical trials. It covers two major types of innovative trial design that are becoming more widespread in clinical research: adaptive designs and master protocols. For readers who wish to delve into more depth, it provides a thorough review of literature on the topic. It also showcases available software, both commercial and free, and provides many real case studies of where the designs have been used in real trials. The book is written by three experts in the field who understand well the benefits and limitations of these approaches. It is relevant to those who work in academic trials as well as the pharmaceutical industry. I would highly recommend it as a great resource for clinical trialists who want to understand these approaches better.' James Wason, Professor of Biostatistics, Newcastle UniversityTable of ContentsAbout the Author; Preface; Part I. History and Introduction to Clinical Trial Research: 1. Introduction to Clinical Trial Research; 2. History of Clinical Trial Research. Part II. Basic Ingredients for Adaptive Trial Designs and Common Types: 3. Characteristics and Principles of Adaptive Trial Designs; 4. Common Types of Adaptive Trial Designs; 5. Clinical Trial Simulations; Part III. Basic Ingredients for Master Protocols: 6. Characteristics and Principles of Master Protocols; 7. Platform Trials; 8. Basket and Umbrella Trials; Part IV. Case Studies of Adaptive Trial Designs and Master Protocols; 9. Case Studies of Adaptive Trial Designs; 10. Case Studies of Platform Trials; 11. Case Studies of Basket and Umbrella Trials; 12. Standards and Guidelines for Adaptive Trial Designs and Master Protocols; Part V. A Practical Guide to Adaptive Trial Designs and Master Protocols: 13. Common Misconceptions of Adaptive Trial Designs and Master Protocols; 14. Practical Considerations for Adaptive Trial Designs and Master Protocols.

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Book SynopsisThis book is designed to help researchers achieve success in funding their National Science Foundation (NSF) research proposals. The book discusses aspects of the proposal submission and review process that are not typically communicated to the research community. Written by authors with successful track records in grant writing and years of experience as NSF Program Directors, this book provides an insider's view of successful grantsmanship. Written in a practical approach, this book offers tips that will not be found in official paperwork and provides answers to questions frequently asked of NSF Program Directors. The purpose of the book is to improve your NSF grant-writing skills and improve your chances of funding.Trade Review"[Li and Marrongelle] have done a wonderful job of capturing many of the small details, motivations, and inner workings of the review process that are not obvious to many grant writers." (Amazon review, 2013) "Plan to read this with a highlighter and sticky notes at hand - you'll want to mark things for easy reference later and keep this close by when writing your next NSF proposal." (Amazon review, 2013) "There are bits of information in the book that are impossible to come by any other way." (Amazon review, 2013) have done a wonderful job of capturing many of the small details, motivations, and inner workings of the review process that are not obvious to many grant writers.Table of ContentsPreface viiAbout the Author xi 1 Getting Started 1 2 Preparing Your Proposal 17 3 Submitting Your Proposal 48 4 Reviewing of Your Proposal 58 5 Revising Your Proposal 73 6 Managing Your Grant 87 7 Extending the Horizon 99 Index 108

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Book SynopsisThe Wiley Blackwell Companion to the History of Science is a single volume companion that discusses the history of science as it is done today, providing a survey of the debates and issues that dominate current scholarly discussion, with contributions from leading international scholars. Provides a single-volume overview of current scholarship in the history of science edited by one of the leading figures in the fieldFeatures forty essays by leading international scholars providing an overview of the key debates and developments in the history of scienceReflects the shift towards deeper historical contextualization within the fieldHelps communicate and integrate perspectives from the history of science with other areas of historical inquiryIncludes discussion of non-Western themes which are integrated throughout the chaptersDivided into four sections based on key analytic categories that reflect new approaches in the fieldTable of ContentsAbout the Editor viii About the Contributors ix Acknowledgements xvi Introduction 1Bernard Lightman 1 Historiography of the History of Science 7Lynn K. Nyhart Part I Roles 23 2 Learned Man and Woman in Antiquity and the Middle Ages 25Nathan Sidoli 3 Go-Betweens, Travelers, and Cultural Translators 39Kapil Raj 4 The Alchemist 58Tara Nummedal 5 The Natural Philosopher 71Peter Dear 6 The Natural Historian 84Kristin Johnson 7 Invisible Technicians, Instrument Makers, and Artisans 97Iwan Rhys Morus 8 Scientific illustrators 111Valérie Chansigaud 9 The Human Experimental Subject 126Anita Guerrini 10 Amateurs 139Katherine Pandora 11 The Man of Science 153Paul White 12 The Professional Scientist 164Cyrus C. M. Mody Part II Places and Spaces 179 13 The Medieval University 181Steven J. Livesey 14 The Observatory 196Robert W. Smith 15 The Court 210Bruce T. Moran 16 Academies and Societies 224Denise Phillips 17 Museums and Botanical Gardens 238Lukas Rieppel 18 Domestic Space 252Donald L. Opitz 19 Commercial Science 268Paul Lucier 20 The Field 282Robert E. Kohler and Jeremy Vetter 21 The Laboratory 296Catherine M. Jackson 22 Modern School and University 310Heike Jöns Part III Communication 329 23 Manuscripts 331Joyce van Leeuwen 24 The Printing Press 344Nick Wilding 25 Correspondence Networks 358Brian Ogilvie 26 Translations 372Marwa Elshakry and Carla Nappi 27 Journals and Periodicals 387Aileen Fyfe 28 Textbooks 400Josep Simon 29 Lectures 414Diarmid A. Finnegan 30 Film, Radio, and Television 428David A. Kirby Part IV Tools of Science 443 31 Timing Devices 445Rory McEvoy 32 Weights and Measures 459Hector Vera 33 Calculating Devices and Computers 472Matthew L. Jones 34 Specimens and Collections 488Mary E. Sunderland 35 Recording Devices 500Jimena Canales 36 Microscopes 515Boris Jardine 37 Telescopes 530Jim Bennett 38 Prisms, Spectroscopes, Spectrographs, and Gratings 543Klaus Hentschel 39 Diagrams 557Charlotte Bigg 40 Three Dimensional Models 572Joshua Nall and Liba Taub Index 587

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