Science: general issues Books

Book SynopsisScience and Theology: Ruminations on the Cosmos presents the keynote addresses of a unique meeting organized by the Vatican Observatory, which aimed to facilitate dialogue between science and religion among established philosophers, theologians, and scientists that would also be relevant in the work and lives of young scholars. The speakers include young scientists, alumni of Vatican Observatory Schools presenting research, and renowned international scholars offering insights into pertinent topics, including William Carroll on creation in Aquinas and Big Bang cosmology, Owen Gingerich on intelligent design, Ernan McMullin on the anthropic principle, and Lynn Rothschild on astrobiology. This well-balanced collection integrates new factual scientific research into religious and philosophical discussion.

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Book SynopsisTranslating Early Modern Science explores the roles of translation and the practices of translators in early modern Europe. In a period when multiple European vernaculars challenged the hegemony long held by Latin as the language of learning, translation assumed a heightened significance. This volume illustrates how the act of translating texts and images was an essential component in the circulation and exchange of scientific knowledge. It also makes apparent that translation was hardly ever an end in itself; rather it was also a livelihood, a way of promoting the translator’s own ideas, and a means of establishing the connections that in turn constituted far-reaching scientific networks.Trade Review“this volume provides highly valuable insights into recurrent problems of terminological, conceptual, and material adequacy in the intercultural (trans)formation of scientific knowledge in early modern Europe.” Stefanie Stockhorst, University of Potsdam. In: Isis, Vol. 110, No. 2 (June 2019), pp. 411-412. “This collection of essays is of interest not only to those working on early modern translations into the vernacular but also to scholars of the history of philosophy, applied technologies, the history of the book, and that of readership. […] this is a volume that presents a wealth of new discoveries and offers fresh insights where the articles discuss better-known topics.” Evelien Chayes, Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen. Vol. 72, No. 3 (Fall 2019), pp. 1046-1048.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements List of Illustrations Notes on the Editors Notes on Contributors Introduction: Translators and Translations of Early Modern Science  Sietske Fransen Part 1: Translating Networks of Knowledge 1 Translation in the Circle of Robert Hooke  Felicity Henderson 2 Networks and Translation within the Republic of Letters: The Case of Theodore Haak (1605–1690)  Jan van de Kamp 3 What Difference Does a Translation Make? The Traité des vernis (1723) in the Career of Charles Dufay  Michael Bycroft 4 ‘Ordinary Skill in Cutts’: Visual Translation in Early Modern Learned Journals  Meghan C. Doherty Part 2: Translating Practical Knowledge 5 ‘As the author intended’: Transformations of the unpublished writings and drawings of Simon Stevin (1548–1620)  Charles van den Heuvel 6 Bringing Euclid into the Mines: Classical Sources and Vernacular Knowledgein the Development of Subterranean Geometry  Thomas Morel 7 Image, Word and Translation in Niccolò Leonico Tomeo’s Quaestiones Mechanicae  Joyce van Leeuwen 8 ‘Secrets of Industry’ for ‘Common Men’: Charles de Bovelles and Early French Readerships of Technical Print  Richard J. Oosterhoff Part 3: Translating Philosophical Knowledge 9 Taming Epicurus: Gassendi, Charleton, and the Translation of Epicurus’ Natural Philosophy in the Seventeenth Century  Rodolfo Garau 10 Ibrahim Müteferrika’s Copernican Rhetoric  B. Harun Küçük 11 ‘Now Brought before You in English Habit’: An Early Modern Translation of Galileo into English  Iolanda Plescia 12 Language as ‘Universal Truchman’: Translating the Republic of Letters in the 17th Century  Fabien Simon Index Nominum

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Book SynopsisIn Without a Margin for Error, the author chronicles the journeys of young adults in an under-served urban community who are new to the English language into STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics-related) fields from high school through college. He distills lessons, themes, and policy recommendations from the trails blazed by these students toward altering the status quo around college access and STEM success for often-marginalized but highly resilient young adults with much to contribute to their new nation, their communities, and the world. While drawing on a critical ethnography of over three dozen inspiring young adults, seven students are chronicled in greater depth to bring to life crucial conversations for redefining college readiness, access, and success in STEM fields.Table of ContentsForeword  Christopher Emdin List of Tables Acknowledgments 1 Vignettes 2 Introducing the Purpose and the Ethnographe 3 The School and Student Context 4 The Students and Their Journeys 5 Engaging and Persisting in STEM: Shaping the Transition to College 6 Tying the Roots Together: Conclusions, Implications, and Future Directions for Building stem Trajectories References

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Book SynopsisWorking with scientists has been suggested as a powerful activity that can stimulate students’ interest and career aspirations in science. However, how to address challenges of power-over issues and communication barriers in youth-scientist partnerships? In Youths’ Cogenerative Dialogues with Scientists, the author describes a pioneering study to improve internship communications between youth and scientists through cogenerative dialogues. The findings show that cogenerative dialogues can help youth and scientists recognize, express, and manage their challenges and emotions as they arise in their internships. As a result, cogenerative dialogues help youth and scientists work productively as a team and enhance their social boding. Suggestions are also provided for science educators to design more innovative and effective projects for future youth-scientist partnerships.Table of ContentsPreface Acknowledgments Figures and Tables 1 Challenging the Status Quo of Youth-Scientist Partnerships with Cogenerative Dialogues  1 Models of Youth-Scientist Partnerships  2 Benefijits of Youth-Scientist Partnerships  3 Challenges of Youth-Scientist Partnerships  4 The Potential of Cogenerative Dialogues to Advance the Status Quo of Youth-Scientist Partnerships  5 Coda 2 The Design Principles and Overall Structure of the “Work With A Scientist” Program  1 Theoretical Frameworks for the Program  2 Program Timeline, Milestones, & Forms  3 Program Collaborators and Resources  4 Ethical Considerations  5 Coda 35 3 Nuts and Bolts in the Recruitment and Retention of Scientists and Youth  1 Scientist Recruitment  2 Scientist Retention  3 Youth Recruitment  4 Youth Application Procedures  5 Youth Retention  6 Coda 4 Training of Cogenerative Dialogues for Mediators, Scientists, and Youth  1 The Rules and Structure of Cogens  2 Training for Cogen Mediators  3 Training for Scientists  4 Training for Youth  5 Coda 5 Challenges and Solutions of Implementing Cogenerative Dialogues  1 Challenge 1: Cogens Sometimes Became Lecture-Like Talk  2 Challenge 2: Cogen Mediators Sometimes Had a Hard Time Mediating Dialogues  3 Challenge 3: Participants Thought That Cogen Sometimes Is a Negative Space  4 Challenge 4: Participants Thought Cogens Were Sometimes Useless Because Consensus Was Not Fully Implemented  5 Challenge 5: Some Participants Sometimes Dominated the Conversation during Cogens  6 Challenge 6: Participants Could Not Differentiate Cogens from Other Types of Conversation  7 Challenge 7: Participants Sometimes Had Difficulty Coming up with Ideas for Discussions  8 Challenge 8: Participants Sometimes Preferred to Stop Cogens in Order to Catch up Scientifijic Practice Progress by Deadline  9 Challenge 9: Participants Would Not Express Their True Voices When the Conversation Might Single out Particular Individuals  10 Challenge 10: Participants Sometimes Were off Topic or Shared Too-Personal Matters during Cogens  11 Coda 6 Issues and Solutions Discussed in Cogenerative Dialogues to Improve Internship Teaching and Learning  1 One Example of an Issue Raised by a Student  2 One Example of an Issue Raised by a Scientist  3 Issues and Solutions Identified during Cogens  4 Using Cogens to Transform Contradictions between Different Cultural Groups  5 Coda 7 Using Cogenerative Dialogues as Boundary Crossing Pedagogy  1 Boundary Crossing, Boundary Objects, and Brokers  2 Cogenerative Dialogues as a Transformation Tool  3 Facilitating Boundary Crossing through Cogenerative Dialogues  4 Coda 8 Using Cogenerative Dialogues to Dissolve Negative Emotions among Scientists and Youth  1 Cogens Enhanced Social Bonding  2 Transforming Negative Emotions through Cogens  3 The Lily Incident  4 Coda 9 Using Cogenerative Dialogue to Cultivate a Constructivist Learning Environment  1 Survey Results  2 Building a Constructivist Internship with Cogens  3 Coda 10 Youths’ Experiences of Cogenerative Dialogues  1 Lily’s Journal Entries about Cogens during the Beginning, Middle, and End of the Internship  2 Lily’s Exit Interviews about Cogens  3 Lily’s Follow-up Interview about Cogens  4 Coda 11 Future Research on Youth-Scientist Partnerships  1 Future Research Based on the “Work With A Scientist” Program  2 Coda Appendix 1: Program Syllabus Appendix 2: Rules and Structures of Cogenerative Dialogues Appendix 3: Cogenerative Dialogues Worksheet Appendix 4: Project Song “Utopia”—Lyrics Appendix 5: Cogenerative Dialogue Heuristic Appendix 6: Constructivist Learning Environment Survey-Internship Appendix 7: Constructivist Learning Environment Survey-School Index

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Book SynopsisThis volume provides a history of how “the human” has been constituted as a subject of scientific inquiry in China from the seventeenth century to the present. Organized around four themes—“Parameters of Human Life,” “Formations of the Human Subject,” “Disciplining Knowledge,” and “Deciphering Health”—it scrutinizes the development of scientific knowledge and technical interest in human organization within an evolving Chinese society. Spanning the Ming-Qing, Republican, and contemporary periods, its twenty-four original, synthetic chapters ground the mutual construction of “China” and “the human” in concrete historical contexts. As a state-of-the-field survey, a definitive textbook for teaching, and an authoritative reference that guides future research, this book pushes Sinology, comparative cultural studies, and the history of science in new directions.Table of ContentsContents Acknowledgements List of Illustrations Notes on Contributors Introduction: A New Order of Things: Scientific Visions of the Human in China  Howard Chiang Part 1: Parameters of Human Life 1 Technology  Francesca Bray 2 Cartography  Alexander Akin 3 Ethnography  Laura Hostetler 4 Historiography  Matthew W. Mosca and Howard Chiang 5 Reproduction  Yi-Li Wu 6 Ghostly Encounters  Hsiu-fen Chen Part 2: Formations of the Modern Subject 7 Race  Frank Dikötter 8 Ethnicity  Bin Yang 9 Citizenship  Joshua Hill 10 Class  Stephen A. Smith 11 Sexuality  Howard Chiang 12 Gender  Tani Barlow Part 3: Disciplining Knowledge 13 Economics  Joyman Lee 14 Psychology  Zhipeng Gao 15 Statistics  Andrea Bréard 16 Sociology  Yung-chen Chiang 17 Anthropology  Hsiao-pei Yen 18 Political Science  John Feng Part 4: Deciphering Health 19 Anatomy  David Luesink 20 Forensic Medicine  Daniel Asen 21 Physical Hygiene  Ruth Rogaski 22 Mental Health  Wen-Ji Wang and Hsuan-Ying Huang 23 Psychiatry  Harry Yi-Jui Wu 24 Psychoanalysis  Jingyuan Zhang

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Book SynopsisTranslating Technology in Africa brings together authors from different disciplines who engage with Science and Technology Studies (STS) to stimulate curiosity about the diversity of sociotechnical assemblages on the African continent. The contributions provide detailed praxeographic examinations of technologies at work in postcolonial contexts. The series of 5 volumes aims to catalyse the development of a field of research that is still in its infancy in Africa and promises to offer novel insights into past, present, and future challenges and opportunities facing the continent. The first volume, on "Metrics", explores practices of quantification and digitisation. The chapters examine how numbers are aggregated and how the resulting metrics shape new realities. Contributors include Kevin. P. Donovan, Véra Ehrenstein, Jonathan Klaaren, Emma Park, Helen Robertson, René Umlauf and Helen Verran

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Book SynopsisUnderstanding Knowledge Creation: Intellectuals in Academia, the Public Sphere and the Arts brings together scholars from a wide range of disciplines and cultures and involves them into a multi-dimensional dialogue on the mechanisms of knowledge creation in the present-day society with a specific focus on intellectuals as knowledge creators in three main arenas of their activity: the ‘institutionalized’ arena - academia - and two adjacent arenas: the public sphere and the arts.Table of ContentsIntroduction Nikita Basov and Oleksandra Nenko: Intellectuals and the Transformation of Knowledge Creation Intellectuals in Academia: Institutionalized Knowledge Creation Jeroen van Andel: The Rationalization of Academia: From Bildung to Production James Moir: The Democratic Intellect Reconsidered Intellectuals in the Public Sphere: ‘Organic’ Knowledge Creation Sechaba Mahlomaholo and Vhonani Netshandama: Post-Apartheid Organic Intellectual and Knowledge Creation Tunde Adeleke: Walter A. Rodney and the Instrumentalist Construction and Utilization of Knowledge Georg F. Simet: Possibilities and Risks of Influencing Public Knowledge: The Case of Hrant Dink Olga Procevska: Not a Sin, but a Side Effect: Collaboration and Knowledge Creation by the Organic Intellectuals Intellectuals in the Arts: Emotional Knowledge Creation Carlos David García Mancilla: Art and the Passion of Intellect Claire Heaney: Emotional Intelligence: Literature, Ethics and Affective Cognition in J.M. Coetzee’s Disgrace Oleksandra Nenko: Aesthetic Emotional Experience: From Eye Irritation to Knowledge Conclusion Nikita Basov: Knowledge Creation in the Intellectual Networks Notes on Contributors

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Book SynopsisThis volume brings together a wide range of research on the ways in which technological innovations have established new and changing conditions for the experience, study and theorization of film. Drawn from the IMPACT film conference (The Impact of Technological Innovations on the Historiography and Theory of Cinema) held in Montreal in 2011, the book includes contributions from such leading figures in the field as Tom Gunning, Charles Musser, Jan Olsson and Vinzenz Hediger.Table of ContentsForeword André Gaudreault Introduction The Discursive Spaces Between a History of Film Technology and Technological Experience Santiago Hidalgo SECTION I: EXPERIENCE Chapter 1 When Did Cinema Become Cinema?: Technology, History, and the Moving Pictures Charles Musser Chapter 2 Exhibition Practices in Transition: Spectators, Audiences, and Projectors Jan Olsson Chapter 3 Reel Changes: Post-mortem Cinephilia or the Resistance of Melancholia André Habib Chapter 4 Walter Benjamin’s Play Room: Where the Future So Eloquently Nests Or: What is Cinema Again? Dana Cooley SECTION II: STUDY Chapter 5 Hitchcock, Film Studies, and New Media: The Impact of Technology on the Analysis of Film David Colangelo Chapter 6 Film Analysis and Statistics: A Field Report Charles O’Brien Chapter 7 A ‘Distant Reading’ of the ‘Chaser Theory’: Local Views and the Digital Generation of New Cinema History Paul Moore SECTION III: THEORY Chapter 8 Graphism: A New Approach to the Evolution of Film Language Through Technology Tom Gunning Chapter 9 Can We Have the Cave and Leave It Too? On the Meaning of Cinema as Technology Vinzenz Hediger Chapter 10 On Viewfinders, Video Assist Systems, and Tape Splicers: Questioning the History of Techniques and Technology in Cinema Benoît Turquety

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