Public health and preventive medicine Books

Book SynopsisBased on extensive field research in the Manianga region of the Lower Congo, Health in a Fragile State is an anthropological account of public health and health care after the collapse of the Congolese state in the 1980s and 1990s.

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Book SynopsisBased on extensive field research in the Manianga region of the Lower Congo, Health in a Fragile State is an anthropological account of public health and health care after the collapse of the Congolese state in the 1980s and 1990s.Table of Contents List of Illustrations ix Preface and Acknowledgments xiii List of Abbreviations xvii Introduction 3 Part I: A History of Population and Disease in the Lower Congo 1 Population Decline and Rise 41 2 Postcolonial Population and Disease Trends 65 Part II: The Social Reproduction of Health 3 Health in Household, Family, and Clan 89 4 Public Health and Health Care Institutions, Reconfigured 109 5 Rejoicing in Our Bodies: Popular Meanings of Health 145 Part III: The Legitimation of Power and Knowledge 6 Dumuna: Creating Authority from Below 159 7 Science, Sorcery, and Spirit 190 8 Legitimation and Disease Control 214 Conclusion 229 Notes 235 Bibliography 243 Index 251

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Book SynopsisIn rural South African clinics, Black nurses had to navigate the intersections of traditional African healing practices, changing gender relations, and increasing educational and economic opportunities for South Africa's Black middle class. Leslie Anne Hadfield demonstrates how these women were able to reshape notions of health and healing.Trade ReviewThis timely monograph on the history of nursing vocation, tenaciously pursued by women apartheid South Africa's Ciskei area, is a captivating read. One marvels how A Bold Profession, adeptly elucidates transcending intricacies of nursing beyond mere conventional health practice, onto other facets of social history in this region."" - Luvuyo Wotshela, University of Fort Hare, South Africa ""Hadfield's sensitive and respectful study is a reminder that every day, nurses are out on the front line and can be found serving communities in remote rural areas accessed with difficulty. This is an important book for anyone interested in health care and in making sense of how the past continues to shape the present in South Africa."" - Anne Mager, University of Cape Town

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Book SynopsisIn rural South African clinics, Black nurses played critical roles. Leslie Anne Hadfield compellingly demonstrates how these women were able to successfully carve out their own professional space and reshape notions of health and healing in the Eastern Cape.Trade ReviewThis timely monograph on the history of nursing vocation, tenaciously pursued by women apartheid South Africa’s Ciskei area, is a captivating read. One marvels how A Bold Profession, adeptly elucidates transcending intricacies of nursing beyond mere conventional health practice, onto other facets of social history in this region." - Luvuyo Wotshela, University of Fort Hare, South Africa"Hadfield’s sensitive and respectful study is a reminder that every day, nurses are out on the front line and can be found serving communities in remote rural areas accessed with difficulty. This is an important book for anyone interested in health care and in making sense of how the past continues to shape the present in South Africa." - Anne Mager, University of Cape Town"A much-needed, detailed narrative history of Black nurses in rural South Africa from the middle to late twentieth century. . . . The women who became nurses and worked in the Ciskei during the apartheid years made consequential differences in the lives of their patients and communities. Hadfield’s book adds significant richness to the history of medicine, nursing, and women and gender in South Africa. Rather than heroic tales, the nurses’ personal accounts are deeply human, making their lives that much bolder." - H-Net Reviews

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Book SynopsisA study of the great epidemic scourges of humanity over the last six centuries. It examines the connections between the movement of epidemics and the manifestations of imperial power in the Americas, Asia, Africa, and Europe, showing how perceptions of whom a disease targeted changed over time.

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Book SynopsisTrade Review“Adding a new angle…The Great Inoculator tells the forgotten story of Daniel Sutton, a lowly surgeon from Essex who became an inoculation entrepreneur.”—Kate Womersley, The Spectator“Weightman relates [this story] with clarity and verve.”—Gareth Williams, BBC History Magazine ‘Best Books of 2020’ ‘This engagingly written account shows the debt Jenner owed to Daniel Sutton, a young unqualified surgeon working in Ingatestone in Essex from the 1760s. Sutton’s practice of inoculation played a vital part in the acceptance of the procedure worldwide. This fascinating book throws light on the cut throat commercial world of eighteenth century medicine and surgery, and its connections with royalty, aristocracy and the lower orders.’— Virginia Berridge, author of Public Health

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Book SynopsisThe "riveting" (Houston Chronicle), "captivating" (Discover), and "compulsively readable" (San Francisco Chronicle) story of the discovery that handwashing helps prevent the spread of disease.Trade Review"Nuland has managed to rediscover a critical moment in the history of medicine, the anxieties of which…persist today." -- New York Times Book Review

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Book SynopsisThe fight against child mortality that transformed parenting, doctoring and the way we live.Trade Review"A Good Time to be Born is an ambitious, elegant meditation on what the doctor-writer Perri Klass describes as one of our greatest human achievements: a reduction in child mortality... [Klass] takes the most complex human patterns of all—history, medicine, politics, art—and knits them into something unique and beautiful... This is an important book for many reasons, but that Klass has given voice to the voiceless is perhaps the most significant." -- The New York Times Book Review

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Book SynopsisDesigned to help those suffering the lasting effects of accidents, assaults, injuries and disasters, this book guides trauma victims in getting medical, psychological and legal help, and instructs clinicians on how to treat these patients effectively.

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Book SynopsisThe fight against child mortality that transformed parenting, doctoring and the way we live

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Book SynopsisThe recent expansion in genome data and the parallel increase in cheap computing power has placed the bioinformatics exploration of pathogen genomes centre stage for vaccine researchers. The book shows how bioinformatic techniques can solve key problems from vaccinology and immunology.Trade Review“It pulls a number of different disciplines into a concise review that illustrates the potential we have in science to change our world.” (Doody's, April 2009) "This book may well serve as a first line of reference for all biologists and computer scientists. This textbook would be an excellent addition to the bookshelf of most scientists who encounter vaccinology in the drug discovery and development processes." ( Virology Journal - October -2009) Table of ContentsPreface xiii Acknowledgements xv Exordium xvii 1 Vaccines: Their place in history 1 Smallpox in history 1 Variolation 3 Variolation in history 5 Variolation comes to Britain 6 Lady Mary Wortley Montagu 9 Variolation and the Sublime Porte 11 The royal experiment 13 The boston connection 14 Variolation takes hold 17 The Suttonian method 18 Variolation in Europe 19 The coming of vaccination 21 Edward Jenner 23 Cowpox 26 Vaccination vindicated 28 Louis Pasteur 29 Vaccination becomes a science 30 Meister, Pasteur and rabies 31 A vaccine for every disease 33 In the time of cholera 34 Haffkine and cholera 36 Bubonic plague 37 The changing face of disease 39 Almroth wright and typhoid 40 Tuberculosis, Koch, and Calmette 43 Vaccine BCG 44 Poliomyelitis 46 Salk and Sabin 47 Diphtheria 49 Whooping cough 50 Many diseases, many vaccines 51 Smallpox: Endgame 53 Further reading 54 2 Vaccines: Need and opportunity 55 Eradication and reservoirs 55 The ongoing burden of disease 57 Lifespans 57 The evolving nature of disease 59 Economics, climate and disease 60 Three threats 60 Tuberculosis in the 21st century 61 HIV and AIDS 62 Malaria: Then and now 63 Influenza 64 Bioterrorism 65 Vaccines as medicines 67 Vaccines and the pharmaceutical industry 68 Making vaccines 70 The coming of the vaccine industry 70 3 Vaccines: How they work 73 Challenging the immune system 73 The threat from bacteria: Robust, diverse, and endemic 74 Microbes, diversity and metagenomics 75 The intrinsic complexity of the bacterial threat 76 Microbes and humankind 77 The nature of vaccines 78 Types of vaccine 80 Carbohydrate vaccines 82 Epitopic vaccines 82 Vaccine delivery 83 Emerging immunovaccinology 84 The immune system 85 Innate immunity 86 Adaptive immunity 88 The microbiome and mucosal immunity 90 Cellular components of immunity 90 Cellular immunity 93 The T cell repertoire 93 Epitopes: The immunological quantum 94 The major histocompatibility complex 95 MHC nomenclature 97 Peptide binding by the MHC 98 The structure of the MHC 99 Antigen presentation 101 The proteasome 101 Transporter associated with antigen processing 103 Class II processing 103 Seek simplicity and then distrust it 104 Cross presentation 105 T cell receptor 106 T cell activation 108 Immunological synapse 109 Signal 1, signal 2, immunodominance 109 Humoral immunity 110 Further reading 112 4 Vaccines: Data and databases 113 Making sense of data 113 Knowledge in a box 114 The science of -omes and -omics 115 The proteome 115 Systems biology 116 The immunome 117 Databases and databanks 118 The relational database 119 The XML database 119 The protein universe 120 Much data, many databases 122 What proteins do 122 What proteins are 124 The amino acid world 124 The chiral nature of amino acids 127 Naming the amino acids 130 The amino acid alphabet 132 Defining amino acid properties 134 Size, charge and hydrogen bonding 135 Hydrophobicity, lipophilicity and partitioning 136 Understanding partitioning 139 Charges, ionization, and pka 140 Many kinds of property 143 Mapping the world of sequences 146 Biological sequence databases 147 Nucleic acid sequence databases 148 Protein sequence databases 149 Annotating databases 150 Text mining 151 Ontologies 153 Secondary sequence databases 154 Other databases 155 Databases in immunology 156 Host databases 156 Pathogen databases 159 Functional immunological databases 161 Composite, integrated databases 162 Allergen databases 163 Further reading 165 Reference 165 5 Vaccines: Data driven prediction of binders, epitopes and immunogenicity 167 Towards epitope-based vaccines 167 T cell epitope prediction 168 Predicting MHC binding 169 Binding is biology 172 Quantifying binding 173 Entropy, enthalpy and entropy-enthalpy compensation 174 Experimental measurement of binding 175 Modern measurement methods 177 Isothermal titration calorimetry 178 Long and short of peptide binding 179 The class I peptide repertoire 180 Practicalities of binding prediction 181 Binding becomes recognition 182 Immunoinformatics lends a hand 183 Motif based prediction 184 The imperfect motif 185 Other approaches to binding prediction 186 Representing sequences 187 Computer science lends a hand 188 Artificial neural networks 188 Hidden Markov models 190 Support vector machines 190 Robust multivariate statistics 191 Partial least squares 191 Quantitative structure activity relationships 192 Other techniques and sequence representations 193 Amino acid properties 194 Direct epitope prediction 195 Predicting antigen presentation 196 Predicting class II MHC binding 197 Assessing prediction accuracy 199 ROC plots 202 Quantitative accuracy 203 Prediction assessment protocols 204 Comparing predictions 206 Prediction versus experiment 207 Predicting B cell epitopes 208 Peak profiles and smoothing 209 Early methods 210 Imperfect B cell prediction 211 References 212 6 Vaccines: Structural approaches 217 Structure and function 217 Types of protein structure 219 Protein folding 220 Ramachandran plots 221 Local structures 222 Protein families, protein folds 223 Comparing structures 223 Experimental structure determination 224 Structural genomics 226 Protein structure databases 227 Other databases 228 Immunological structural databases 229 Small molecule databases 230 Protein homology modelling 231 Using homology modelling 232 Predicting MHC supertypes 233 Application to alloreactivity 235 3D-QSAR 236 Protein docking 238 Predicting B cell epitopes with docking 238 Virtual screening 240 Limitations to virtual screening 241 Predicting epitopes with virtual screening 243 Virtual screening and adjuvant discovery 244 Adjuvants and innate immunity 245 Small molecule adjuvants 246 Molecular dynamics and immunology 248 Molecular dynamics methodology 249 Molecular dynamics and binding 249 Immunological applications 250 Limitations of molecular dynamics 251 Molecular dynamics and high performance computing 252 References 253 7 Vaccines: Computational solutions 257 Vaccines and the world 257 Bioinformatics and the challenge for vaccinology 259 Predicting immunogenicity 260 Computational vaccinology 261 The threat remains 262 Beyond empirical vaccinology 262 Designing new vaccines 263 The perfect vaccine 264 Conventional approaches 265 Genome sequences 266 Size of a genome 267 Reverse vaccinology 268 Finding antigens 269 The success of reverse vaccinology 271 Tumour vaccines 273 Prediction and personalised medicine 275 Imperfect data 276 Forecasting and the future of computational vaccinology 277 Index 283

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Book SynopsisPraise for Urban Health and Society This is a spectacular resource for practitioners, policymakers, researchers, and students interested in improving the lives and health of individuals and families in urban settings. This book provides the most current frameworks, research, and approaches for understanding how unique features of the urban physical and social environments that shape the health of over half of the world''s population that is already residing in large cities. Its interdisciplinary research and practice focus is a welcome innovation. ?Hortensia Amaro, associate dean, Urban Health Research; Distinguished Professor, Bouve College of Health Sciences; and director, Institute on Urban Health Research, Northeastern University Urban Health and Society: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Research and Practice provides students in public health, urban planning, social work, and other professions with the critical knowledge and practical guidance tTrade Review... Takes a practical focus to introducing researchers and graduate students to the connections between population health and social justice, the variety of approaches to studying those connections from an interdisciplinary vantage point, the creation of interventions to address disparities, and potential applications of these approaches for research. The editors and contributing authors succeed with a book that provides examples of and formulas for interdisciplinary research in a variety of fields related to urban health. The authors do a superb job of tying the chapters together, beginning with why these approaches to research and practice are warranted and ending with potential limitations and benefits. This book brings practical knowledge together from a variety of disciplines to enhance population health and social justice research. —Doody's Book Review Service, April 2010Table of ContentsPreface xi The Contributors xiii PART ONE INTRODUCTION 1 1 FRAMEWORKS FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY URBAN HEALTH RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 3Nicholas Freudenberg, Susan Klitzman, Susan Saegert Introduction 4 The Implications of Urban Life for Health 6 Levels and Types of Interdisciplinarity 8 Conundrums in Interdisciplinarity 10 Interdisciplinarity and Theories of Knowledge 11 Methodological Challenges and Approaches to Interdisciplinarity 12 Interdisciplinarity: Which Disciplines When? 12 Role Defi nitions in Interdisciplinary Research and Practice 13 Multiple Levels of Intervention 14 Summary 15 2 ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE PRAXIS: IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY URBAN PUBLIC HEALTH 19Tom Angotti, Julie Sze Environmental Justice and Public Health 22 The Built Environment, Urban Planning, and Urban Public Health 23 Environmental and Social Justice, Interdisciplinarity, and the Politics of Knowledge 26 Asthma and the Environmental Justice Campaign for a Solid Waste Plan in New York City 29 Asian Immigrant and Refugee Organizing for Environmental Health and Housing in the Bay Area 34 Conclusion 37 Summary 38 PART TWO INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES TO STUDYING CAUSES OF URBAN HEALTH PROBLEMS 43 3 INTERDISCIPLINARY, PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH ON URBAN FOOD ENVIRONMENTS AND DIETARY BEHAVIORS 45Shannon N. Zenk, Amy J. Schulz, Angela M. Odoms-Young, Murlisa Lockett Introduction 46 Determinants of Retail Food Environments in Cities 47 Using CBPR to Understand the Health Implications of Detroit’s Food Environment 48 Directions for Future Research 54 Summary 56 4 AN ECOLOGICAL MODEL OF URBAN CHILD HEALTH 63Kim T. Ferguson, Pilyoung Kim, James R. Dunn, Gary W. Evans Introduction 64 An Ecological Model 64 Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Model 65 Influences on Children’s Health in the Urban Context 68 Research Across Multiple Levels 76 Agenda for Future Research and Practice 78 Summary 80 5 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS, ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE, AND HEALTH DISPARITIES 93Juliana Maantay, Andrew R. Maroko, Carlos Alicea, A. H. Strelnick Introduction 94 Community-Based Participatory Research 95 Multilevel Models of Causation 96 Role of Geographic Information Systems 96 Environmental Justice and Health in the Bronx 97 Methods 101 Findings 110 Implications of Findings 111 Lessons on Interdisciplinary Approaches to Urban Health Research 117 Conclusion 119 Summary 119 6 RACIAL INEQUALITY IN HEALTH AND THE POLICY-INDUCED BREAKDOWN OF AFRICAN AMERICAN COMMUNITIES 127Arline T. Geronimus, J. Phillip Thompson Introduction 128 Racialized Ideologies: Developmentalism, Economism, and the American Creed 131 Implications for Public Policy 138 Building a Movement for Policy Reform 144 Summary 148 7 AN INTERDISCIPLINARY AND SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE U.S. FORECLOSURE CRISIS AS IT RELATES TO HEALTH 161Susan Saegert, Kimberly Libman, Desiree Fields Housing and Health: What’s the Connection? 162 The Social Ecology of Foreclosure 164 The Research and Its Context 166 Focus Group Analysis and the Emergence of Health as an Issue 170 Foreclosure and Public Health 173 Neoliberalism, the Foreclosure Crisis, and Health Consequences 174 Conclusion 176 Summary 178 PART THREE INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES TO INTERVENTIONS TO PROMOTE URBAN HEALTH 183 8 TRANSDISCIPLINARY ACTION RESEARCH ON TEEN SMOKING PREVENTION 185Juliana Fuqua, Daniel Stokols, Richard Harvey, Atusa Baghery, Larry Jamner Introduction 186 Review of Transdisciplinary Action Research 186 Transdisciplinary Action Research Cycle 187 Translating Transdisciplinary Research into Community Intervention and Policy 189 Factors Facilitating or Impeding Collaboration Among TPC Members 196 Implications and Additional Lessons Learned from the TPC Study 205 Future Directions 207 Summary 211 9 HOW VULNERABILITIES AND CAPACITIES SHAPE POPULATION HEALTH AFTER DISASTERS 217Craig Hadley, Sasha Rudenstine, Sandro Galea Social and Economic Determinants of Health After Disasters 218 Humanitarian Crises in Angola and the Balkans 223 Hurricane Katrina 224 September 11, 2001, Terrorist Attacks on New York City 226 Implications for Prevention and Intervention 229 Summary 231 10 IMMIGRANTS AND URBAN AGING: TOWARD A POLICY FRAMEWORK 239Marianne Fahs, Anahí Viladrich, Nina S. Parikh The New Urban Demography: Baby Boomers and Immigrants 240 Economic and Social Influences on Aging and Health Policy 242 Social and Environmental Considerations 246 Toward a Conceptual Framework 254 A Public Health Research and Policy Agenda 255 Summary 258 11 REVERSING THE TIDE OF TYPE 2 DIABETES AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS THROUGH INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH 271Hollie Jones, Leandris C. Liburd A Dialogue Between Two Disciplines: Psychology and Medical Anthropology 273 Ethnic Identity and the Experience of Being African American with Type 2 Diabetes 278 Interdisciplinary Research Methods 281 Integrating Social Psychology and Medical Anthropology to Reduce the Burden of Diabetes 284 Summary 285 PART FOUR PUTTING INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES INTO PRACTICE 293 12 USING INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES TO STRENGTHEN URBAN HEALTH RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 295Nicholas Freudenberg, Susan Klitzman, Susan Saegert Doing Interdisciplinary Research and Practice 296 Defining the Problem 299 Creating a Process for Interdisciplinary Work 302 Choosing Institutional and Community Partners 305 Influencing Policy and Practice 309 Evaluating Impact 311 Wanted: Interdisciplinary Researchers and Practitioners 312 Summary 314 GLOSSARY 319 INDEX 325

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Book SynopsisWritten by Peter J. Fos?an expert in epidemiology with more than twenty years teaching experience?Epidemiology Foundations offers an ideal introduction to the theory and practice of public health epidemiology. This important text discusses both the historical perspective and future trends of epidemiology, reviews health and disease, and explains how they are measured. The book''s overview of epidemiological studies shows how they are used in practice. Epidemiology Foundations takes a social and community perspective and includes information about global diseases and epidemics. Emphasis on concepts such as population health, social determinants, and global health make this book especially interesting and accessible to those new to the subject. Each chapter is supplemented with problem-solving exercises and research assignments to aid readers in understanding its epidemiology principles. Reflecting and expanding on recommendations of the Association of American Colleges and UniTable of ContentsFigures ix Tables xi Preface xv The Author xix Chapter 1: Why Epidemiology? 1 Introduction 2 Public Health and Community Medicine 2 Defi nition of Epidemiology 3 Population Health 9 Population Trends 10 Health Costs 15 Global Health Threats 17 Summary 17 Chapter 2: History of Epidemiology 21 Historical Perspectives 22 Uses of Epidemiology 29 Examples of Cohort Studies 30 Summary 31 Chapter 3: Health and Disease 35 Defi nitions 36 Distinction Between Health and Disease 37 Disease Progression 39 Cause and Effect 43 Summary 49 Chapter 4: Describing Health and Disease 53 Descriptive Epidemiology 54 Hypotheses 55 Descriptive Variables 56 Examples of Use of Descriptive Information 75 Summary 76 Chapter 5: Measuring Health and Disease 79 Morbidity 80 Mortality 90 Other Measures 97 Graphing Health and Disease Measurements 102 Confounding 105 Summary 108 Chapter 6: Epidemiology Study Designs: Observational and Experimental Studies 113 Defi nition of Observational Studies 114 Framework and Types of Observational Studies 114 Descriptive Studies 115 Analytical Studies 119 Examples of Observational Studies 123 Definition of Experimental Studies 124 Framework and Types of Experimental Studies 125 Clinical Trials 126 Bias and Validity 131 Examples of Experimental Studies 132 Summary 133 Chapter 7: Uses of Epidemiological Studies 137 Introduction 137 Observational Studies 139 Experimental Studies 152 Summary 153 Chapter 8: Epidemics 159 Definition 160 Transmission 161 Response to Epidemics 165 Surveillance 170 Reportable Diseases 171 Examples 171 Summary 174 Chapter 9: Epidemiology and Society 179 Introduction 180 Social Determinants 181 Socioeconomic Factors and Health 183 The Built Environment 185 Summary 188 Chapter 10: Screening for Disease 193 Prevention and Epidemiology 194 Screening 195 Accuracy of Screening Tests 196 Summary 207 Chapter 11: Community Public Health 211 Introduction 212 Community Health Workers 213 Community Level Planning and Evaluation 214 Examples 218 Public Health Programs 219 Public Health Agencies 224 Summary 225 Chapter 12: Epidemiology Today 229 Emergency Preparedness 230 Global Health 232 Emerging Diseases 236 Chronic Diseases 247 Summary 256 Notes 259 Index 275

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Book SynopsisThis book assists scientists, toxicologists, clinicians, and public health regulators to understand the complex issues that determine the impact of air pollution on the cardiovascular system.Trade Review"It is timely and detailed in its account of complex issues attending air pollution related to the cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary systems. . . This book could well be the most important occupational and environmental health book I have ever read." (Doody's, 16 September 2011) Table of ContentsFOREWORD. PREFACE. THE EDITORS. CONTRIBUTORS. PART I. ISSUE FRAMING. CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW (Flemming R. Cassee and Morton Lippmann). CHAPTER 2 ACUTE EFFECTS OF PARTICULATE MATTER ON THE RISK OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (Krishnan Bhaskaran, Shakoor Hajat, and Liam Smeeth). CHAPTER 3 CHRONIC EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH (Ranjini M. Krishnan, Joel Kaufman, and Gerard Hoek). PART II. EXPOSURE. CHAPTER 4 PARTICLE CHARACTERIZATION (Thomas A.J. Kuhlbusch and Christof Asbach). CHAPTER 5 EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT FOR AMBIENT ULTRAFINE PARTICLES (Timo Lanki, Josef Cyrys, H.-Erich Wichmann, and Jeroen de Hartog). CHAPTER 6 FROM EXPOSURE TO DOSE (Werner Hofmann and Bahman Asgharian). CHAPTER 7 TRANSLOCATION OF INHALED NANOPARTICLES (Wolfgang G. Kreyling, Winfried Möller, Otmar Schmid, Manuela Semmler-Behnke, and Günter Oberdörster). CHAPTER 8 ROLE OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION IN DETERMINING THE CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS OF PARTICLES (Andrew J. Ghio and Yuh-Chin T. Huang). PART III. METHODOLOGY. CHAPTER 9 IN VITRO STUDIES (Per E. Schwarze and Gerrit M. Alink). CHAPTER 10 EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES IN ANIMALS (Urmila P. Kodavanti, Lung-Chi Chen, and Daniel L. Costa). CHAPTER 11 HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES (Jeremy P. Langrish, Mark W. Frampton, and Anders Blomberg). CHAPTER 12 PANEL STUDIES (Joel Schwartz). PART IV. PARTICLES AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: MECHANISMS. A. ATHEROGENESIS. CHAPTER 13 PARTICULATES AND OXIDATIVE STRESS (Steffen Loft, Roel P.F. Schins, and Peter Møller). CHAPTER 14 ROLE OF INFLAMMATION IN THE ATHEROGENIC EFFECTS OF PARTICULATE MATTER (Thomas Sandström and David Newby). CHAPTER 15 INHALED PARTICLES, POSTPRANDIAL LIPIDS, AND THEIR POSSIBLE CONTRIBUTION TO ATHEROGENESIS: THE TROJAN HORSE HYPOTHESIS (Carlijne Hassing, Maarten J.M. Cramer, and Marcel Th.B. Twickler). CHAPTER 16 INHALED PARTICULATE MATTER AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN HUMANS (Barbara Hoffmann and Nino Künzli). CHAPTER 17 EFFECTS OF NANOPARTICLES ON THE PULMONARY VASCULATURE (Laurel E. Plummer, Kent E. Pinkerton, Amy K. Madl, and Dennis W. Wilson). CHAPTER 18 PARTICULATE MATTER, HYPERTENSION, AND THE METABOLIC SYNDROME (Robert D. Brook and Sanjay Rajagopalan). CHAPTER 19 PARTICLES AND THE VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM (Nicholas L. Mills and Mark R. Miller). PART IV. PARTICLES AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: MECHANISMS. B. VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION. PART IV. PARTICLES AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: MECHANISMS. C. THROMBOSIS. CHAPTER 20 PARTICLES, COAGULATION, AND THROMBOSIS (Evren Kilinç, Goran Rudež, Henri M.H. Spronk, Abderrahim Nemmar, Moniek P.M. de Maat, Hugo ten Cate and Marc F. Hoylaerts). CHAPTER 21 PARTICLES AND THE PATHOGENESIS OF ATHEROTHROMBOSIS (Qinghua Sun and Xiaohua Xu). PART IV. PARTICLES AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: MECHANISMS. D. ARRHYTHMIA. CHAPTER 22 PARTICLES AND THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (Swapna Upadhyay, Alison Elder, Wayne E. Cascio, and Holger Schulz). CHAPTER 23 AIR POLLUTION AND ARRHYTHMIA (Helen C. Routledge and Jonathan N. Townend). PART V. ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY. CHAPTER 24 RISK ASSESSMENT (Robert L. Maynard and Jon G. Ayres). CHAPTER 25 ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION OF PARTICULATE MATTER (Richard Damberg, Klaas Krijgsheld, May Ajero, and Sophie Punte). CHAPTER 26 FROM AMBIENT ULTRAFINE PARTICLES TO NANOTECHNOLOGY AND NANOTOXICOLOGY (Ken Donaldson and David B. Warheit). INDEX.

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Book SynopsisAccording to the U.S. Department of Labor, nearly 6,000 workers were killed on the job in 2006.Table of ContentsFigures, Tables, and Exhibits xi Introduction xv Acknowledgments xix The Authors xxi The Contributors xxiii Part One Public Health Prevention Focus 1 1 History and Importance of Public Health 3 A Brief History of U.S. Public Health 4 Healthy People 2010 8 Responsibilities of Public Health 11 Public Health Accomplishments 11 Emphasis on Prevention Not Control 14 Public Health and Occupational Health 16 Summary 25 Key Terms 25 Questions for Discussion 25 2 Epidemiology of Occupational Safety and Health 27 Introduction to Epidemiology 28 Surveillance Systems 31 Epidemiology Studies 33 Health Hazard Evaluations 35 Public Health Systems in the Workplace 37 Chronic Disease Epidemiology in the Workplace 38 Summary 39 Key Terms 39 Questions for Discussion 39 Part Two Occupational Safety and Health 41 3 History and Importance of Occupational Safety and Health 43 Health, Disease, and Prevention 48 The Role for Public Health 51 Summary 54 Key Terms 55 Questions for Discussion 55 4 Occupational Injuries 57 Epidemiology of Injuries 58 The Case for an Epidemiological Approach 59 Epidemiology of Accidents 66 Epidemiology of Violence 68 Surveillance Systems for Occupational Injuries 69 Surveillance Results 70 Injury Prevention Programs 73 Future Challenges 77 Summary 78 Key Terms 80 Questions for Discussion 80 5 Compliance versus Prevention 81 OSHA Standards Development 84 The Inspection Process 88 Compliance or Prevention 90 Prevention of Cumulative Problems 93 Summary 93 Key Terms 93 Questions for Discussion 93 Part Three Public Health Issues in Occupational Safety and Health 95 6 Toxicology 97 Application to Occupational Epidemiology 98 Subdisciplines in Toxicology 99 Classification of Toxic Agents 100 Environmental Tobacco Smoke 103 Risk Assessment 104 Toxicology Case Studies 105 Toxin Regulation and Research 105 Summary 108 Key Terms 109 Questions for Discussion 109 7 Stress 111 Stress Basics 112 Workplace Characteristics and Stress 116 Organizational Response to Stress 117 When to Get Help 122 Summary 122 Key Terms 122 Questions for Discussion 123 8 The Impaired Employee 125 Drug Use Frequency and Demographics 127 Epidemiology of Addiction 129 Substances Often Abused 134 Drug-Free Workplaces and EAPs 136 Summary 140 Key Terms 140 Questions for Discussion 141 9 Wellness Programs 143 Chronic Diseases in the Workplace 145 The Value of Wellness Programs 146 Addressing Obesity and Nutrition 147 Addressing Physical Inactivity 151 Addressing Tobacco Use 153 Developing Comprehensive Health Programs 155 The Role for Public Health 157 Summary 159 Key Terms 160 Questions for Discussion 160 10 Emergency Response Planning 161 Definitions 162 Emergency Management Planning Steps 162 Terrorism and Bioterrorism 164 Workplace Preparedness for Terrorism 167 CDC’s Strategic Workplace Plan 168 Applying Epidemiology to Preparedness 168 Applying an Information Model to Preparedness 174 Involving OSHA and NIOSH in Planning 175 Summary 176 Key Terms 177 Questions for Discussion 177 11 Ergonomics 179 Two Approaches: Broad and Narrow 181 Ergonomists’ Roles and Experience 187 Few Absolute Limits 188 Cumulative Trauma Disorders 189 The Industrial Athlete 195 Summary 198 Key Terms 198 Questions for Discussion 198 12 Communicable Diseases 199 Epidemiology of Communicable Diseases 200 Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases 202 Tuberculosis 203 Hepatitis 204 HIV and AIDS 207 Influenza 208 Emerging Infections 209 Summary 213 Key Terms 213 Questions for Discussion 214 13 Vision and Hearing Issues 215 Protecting Vision in the Workplace 216 Protecting Hearing in the Workplace 223 Summary 231 Key Terms 232 Questions for Discussion 232 14 Occupational Health Disparities 233 Disparate Populations 234 How Do Health Disparities Persist? 251 Future Trends in Health Disparities 256 Summary 257 Key Terms 258 Questions for Discussion 258 Part Four Evaluation and Leadership Issues in Prevention 259 15 Economic Impacts of Prevention 261 Premature Mortality 262 Employer Health Insurance Costs 262 The Purposes of Economic Evaluation 264 The Burden of Injury and Illness 264 Types of Economic Analysis 266 Target Areas for Evaluation 268 Summary 276 Key Terms 277 Questions for Discussion 277 16 Impacts of Leadership and Culture 279 Using Vision and Management Skills 282 Using Power Effectively 284 Exercising Transformational Leadership 286 Changing the Process of Work 287 Motivating Employees 287 Building a Culture 288 Empowering Workers 290 Improving Team Effectiveness 291 Summary 292 Key Terms 292 Questions for Discussion 292 References 293 Index 313

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Book SynopsisMany universities, hospitals, and medical research facilities offer short courses in introductory biostatistics for the clinicians, fellows, nurses, and health practitioners to become familiarized with statistical methods.Trade Review"This book should be very useful for its intended readers, but it would be helpful if they had a beginning understanding of basic statistics and terminology." (Doody's, 10 February 2012)Table of ContentsPreface ix 1. The What, Why, and How of Biostatistics in Medical Research 1 1.1 Defi nition of Statistics and Biostatistics, 1 1.2 Why Study Statistics?, 3 1.3 The Medical Literature, 9 1.4 Medical Research Studies, 11 1.4.1 Cross-sectional studies including surveys, 11 1.4.2 Retrospective studies, 12 1.4.3 Prospective studies other than clinical trials, 12 1.4.4 Controlled clinical trials, 12 1.4.5 Conclusions, 13 1.5 Exercises, 14 2. Sampling from Populations 15 2.1 Definitions of Populations and Samples, 17 2.2 Simple Random Sampling, 18 2.3 Selecting Simple Random Samples, 19 2.4 Other Sampling Methods, 27 2.5 Generating Bootstrap Samples, 28 2.6 Exercises, 32 3. Graphics and Summary Statistics 34 3.1 Continuous and Discrete Data, 34 3.2 Categorical Data, 35 3.3 Frequency Histograms, 35 3.4 Stem-and-Leaf Diagrams, 38 3.5 Box Plots, 39 3.6 Bar and Pie Charts, 39 3.7 Measures of the Center of a Distribution, 42 3.8 Measures of Dispersion, 46 3.9 Exercises, 50 4. Normal Distribution and Related Properties 51 4.1 Averages and the Central Limit Theorem, 51 4.2 Standard Error of the Mean, 53 4.3 Student's t-Distribution, 53 4.4 Exercises, 55 5. Estimating Means and Proportions 58 5.1 The Binomial and Poisson Distributions, 58 5.2 Point Estimates, 59 5.3 Confi dence Intervals, 62 5.4 Sample Size Determination, 65 5.5 Bootstrap Principle and Bootstrap Confidence Intervals, 66 5.6 Exercises, 69 6. Hypothesis Testing 72 6.1 Type I and Type II Errors, 73 6.2 One-Tailed and Two-Tailed Tests, 74 6.3 P-Values, 74 6.4 Comparing Means from Two Independent Samples: Two-Sample t-Test, 75 6.5 Paired t-Test, 76 6.6 Testing a Single Binomial Proportion, 78 6.7 Relationship Between Confi dence Intervals and Hypothesis Tests, 79 6.8 Sample Size Determination, 80 6.9 Bootstrap Tests, 81 6.10 Medical Diagnosis: Sensitivity and Specificity, 82 6.11 Special Tests in Clinical Research, 83 6.11.1 Superiority tests, 84 6.11.2 Equivalence and bioequivalence, 84 6.11.3 Noninferiority tests, 86 6.12 Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance and Longitudinal Data Analysis, 86 6.13 Meta-Analysis, 88 6.14 Exercises, 92 7. Correlation, Regression, and Logistic Regression 95 7.1 Relationship Between Two Variables and the Scatter Plot, 96 7.2 Pearson's Correlation, 99 7.3 Simple Linear Regression and Least Squares Estimation, 101 7.4 Sensitivity to Outliers and Robust Regression, 104 7.5 Multiple Regression, 111 7.6 Logistic Regression, 117 7.7 Exercises, 122 8. Contingency Tables 127 8.1 2 x 2 Tables and Chi-Square, 127 8.2 Simpson's Paradox in the 2 x 2 Table, 129 8.3 The General R x C Table, 132 8.4 Fisher's Exact Test, 133 8.5 Correlated Proportions and McNemar's Test, 136 8.6 Relative Risk and Odds Ratio, 138 8.7 Exercises, 141 9. Nonparametric Methods 145 9.1 Ranking Data, 146 9.2 Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test, 146 9.3 Sign Test, 149 9.4 Spearman's Rank-Order Correlation Coefficient, 150 9.5 Insensitivity of Rank Tests to Outliers, 153 9.6 Exercises, 154 10. Survival Analysis 158 10.1 Time-to-Event Data and Right Censoring, 159 10.2 Life Tables, 160 10.3 Kaplan–Meier Curves, 164 10.3.1 The Kaplan-Meier curve: a nonparametric estimate of survival, 164 10.3.2 Confidence intervals for the Kaplan-Meier estimate, 165 10.3.3 The logrank and chi-square tests: comparing two or more survival curves, 166 10.4 Parametric Survival Curves, 168 10.4.1 Negative exponential survival distributions, 168 10.4.2 Weibull family of survival distributions, 169 10.5 Cox Proportional Hazard Models, 170 10.6 Cure Rate Models, 171 10.7 Exercises, 173 Solutions to Selected Exercises 175 Appendix: Statistical Tables 192 References 204 Author Index 209 Subject Index 211

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Book SynopsisService user involvement in mental health research poses specific challenges for both researchers and service users.Trade Review“Anyone involved or wanting to become involved in service user involvement in research would find plenty to inspire and challenge in this book.” (Nursing Times, 17 September 2012) "The emphasis in the handbook is of recovery and for research to be purposeful and useful in supporting this ... Reading this as a service user/carer, it gives optimism and hope as there are many good examples of personal stories and recovery – including recovery from schizophrenia which sends out a strong message." (MHRN newsletter, July 2011) "This engaging, helpful and well-informed handbook offers a comprehensive and thorough revievw of service user involvement in mental health research, covering issues ranging from values and collaboration to control and power." (Mental Health Practice, 1 June 2011) "The book may be of interest to those wanting to understand what user involvement can mean as well as those who have experienced it and want to extend their knowledge and research skills. Its scope means that chapters are necessarily brief but references are provided to follow up on interesting debates and topics." (British Journal of Psychiatry, December 2010) "My perspective, as a researcher who works with service users, is that this is a useful resource to dip in and out of for advice about practical issues that arise when working with service users, e.g. payment. The book clearly explains what needs to be considered in paying service users. I found this advice was not readily available elsewhere when I needed it." (The Bridge Newsletter, 2011) Table of ContentsForeword. Preface. About the Editors. About the Authors. Chapter 1 History, Context and Language (Jan Wallcraft and Mary Nettle). Chapter 2 Principles and Motives (Alison Faulkner). Chapter 3 Levels and Stages (Angela Sweeney and Louise Morgan). Chapter 4 Values (Bill (KWM) Fulford and Jan Wallcraft). Chapter 5 Roles (Jasna Russo and Peter Stastny). Chapter 6 Capacity-building (Kim Hopper and Alisa Lincoln). Chapter 7 Purposes and Goals (Larry Davidson, Priscilla Ridgway, Timothy Schmutte and Maria O'Connell). Chapter 8 Topics (Paulo Del vecchio and Crystal R. Blyler). Chapter 9 Methods (Jean Campbell). Chapter 10 Service Users as Paid Researchers (Jonathan Delman and Alisa Lincoln). Chapter 11 Consultation (Virginia Minogue). Chapter 12 Collaboration (Diana Rose). Chapter 13 Control (Peter Beresford). Chapter 14 Power (Paddy McGowan, Liam Mac Gabhann, Chris Stevenson and Jim Walsh). Chapter 15 Money (Sarah Hamilton). Chapter 16 Politics (Daniel B. Fisher). Chapter 17 Good Practice Guidance (Beate Schrank and Jan Wallcraft). Index.

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Book SynopsisThe basic focus of Chemical Concepts in Pollutant Behavior is to demonstrate how the properties of a chemical determine its fate and distribution in the environment.Trade Review"…a valuable text that will…[readers] understand the application of chemistry in the environmental area." (Energy Sources, June 2005) "The book is well written, well referenced and the topics are logically developed." (Journal of Hazardous Materials, October 2004)Table of ContentsPreface. 1. Introduction. 2. Physical Chemical Parameters. 3. Sorption. 4. Evaporation. 5. Absorption and Bioconcentration. 6. Photochemical Processes. 7. Redox Processes. 8. Hydroloysis. 9. Metabolic Transformation. 10. Synthesis. Appendix. Index.

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Book SynopsisPublic health officials and occupational medical professionals who need to design and maintain public health surveillance programs will find the guidelines they need in this book. Public Health Surveillance covers uses of public surveillance programs for vaccine preventable diseases, as well as for viruses such as AIDS/HIV.Table of ContentsHistory of Public Health Surveillance (S. Thacker & R. Berkelman). Surveillance: The Sentinel Health Event Approach (P. Seligman & T. Frazier). Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Systems (D. Klaucke). Disease Surveillance at the State and Local Levels (G. Istre). Surveillance in Developing Countries (M. Malison). Hazard Surveillance (D. Wegman). Surveillance in the Control of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (W. Orenstein & R. Bernier). Surveillance of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) (R. Berkelman, et al.). The Surveillance of Nosocomial Infections (R. Gaynes). Chronic Disease Surveillance (P. Garbe & S. Blount). Injury Surveillance (P. Graitcer). Surveillance of Birth Defects (M. Lynberg & L. Edmonds). Surveillance of Occupational Illness and Injury (E. Baker & T. Matte). Epidemiologic Surveillance Following Disasters (R. Glass & E. Noji). Pharmacosurveillance: Public Health Monitoring of Medication (H. Tilson). Index.

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Book SynopsisChemical Exposures: Low Levels and High Stakes explains how day-to-day variations in chemical exposure may cause unusual and seemingly unpredictable symptoms, including many that have been termed psychosomatic in the past.Table of ContentsDEFINING CHEMICAL SENSITIVITY. Chemical Exposures and Sensitive Populations. Key Terms and Concepts. Origins of Multiple Chemical Sensitivity and Effects on Health. MECHANISMS, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT. Mechanisms of Multiple Chemical Sensitivities. Diagnosis and Treatment. RESPONDING TO THE PROBLEM. Needs, Concerns, and Recommendations. UPDATE SINCE THE FIRST EDITION. Recent Developments. Key Research Findings Since the First Edition. Reviews, Commentaries, and Polemics. Research and Medical Needs. Epilogue. Appendices. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisAs methods for testing and analysing foods become increasingly sophisticated, and as laws guarding against toxic food contamination become more and more stringent, analytical chemists in environmental, agricultural, and food laboratories need a practical guide in order to stay on top of all the latest analysis techniques and regulations.Table of ContentsThe Analytical Approach (J. Seiber). Extraction, Cleanup, and Fractionation Methods (J. Seiber). Determination Methods (J. Seiber). Mass Spectrometry (J. Toth). Emerging Methods: Extractions and Cleanup (H. Moye). Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Elisa) (H. Moye). Regulatory Aspects: Pesticide Registration, Risk Assessment and Tolerance, Residue Analysis and Monitoring (W. Fong). Appendix. Index.

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Book SynopsisMDI and TDI are polymer building blocks with a wide range of applications in industry. Both are used in large quantities and can be found in a wide variety of industries and applications. As there use will often involve large numbers of workers they are also subject to stringent health and safety regulations.Trade Review“...this book is a superb contribution to the literature.” (Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 106, 2004) "....This book covers all the important topics concerning MDI and TDI and provides comprehensive coverage on the health and environmental science associated with these. (European Occupational Health & Safety Magazine, June 2003)Table of ContentsList of authors and affiliations ix A book of distinction xv Acknowledgements xvii MDI and TDI usage: responsible risk management 1D C Allport, D S Gilbert and S M Outterside Exposure, hazard and risk 1 Responsible Care®: a framework for industry action 5 Reading 10 1 MDI, TDI and the polyurethane industry 11D C Allport, D S Gilbert and S M Outterside Types of MDI 13 Types of TDI 15 Test substances 16 Misapprehensions 16 Polyurethanes made from MDI and TDI 17 Reading 23 2 Handling MDI and TDI 25D C Allport, R C Blake, C Bastian, C Galavitz, D S Gilbert, R Hurd, B Reeve, W Robert, S M Outterside, A Solinas, D Walsh, U Walber and H Wolfson Pride in safety 25 Successful systems 25 Safety systems for the handling of MDI and TDI 26 Key Theme 1: Know your product 28 Health 31 Environment 32 Key Theme 2: Protecting health 33 Duty of care 33 Exposure: how can MDI or TDI enter the body? 34 Medical symptoms 35 Medical checks 36 Key Theme 3: Neutralization, decontamination and disposal of wastes 39 Types of neutralizer 40 Routine cleaning of equipment and drums 40 Neutralization after a spillage 43 Neutralizer formulations 46 Key Theme 4: Using personal protective equipment 47 Normal operations 47 Emergency situations 48 Selection of personal protective equipment 49 Protective clothing 50 Respiratory protection 51 Key Theme 5: Monitoring exposure 59 How should monitoring be carried out? 60 When should monitoring be carried out? 61 Key Theme 6: Dealing with accidents 62 Accidents can happen 62 Spillages 63 Development of excess pressure inside containers 68 Incidents involving fire 70 Transport of MDI and TDI 72 Transport regulations 73 MDI and TDI: transport temperatures 73 Typical containers for the transport of diisocyanates 75 Accidents and emergencies 85 The workplace: storage and use of MDI and TDI 86 Designing the systems and minimizing the risks 87 Physical and chemical properties relating to storage and processing 93 Storage of MDI and TDI 95 Safety issues in workplaces using MDI and TDI 106 Safety issues in some important polyurethane processes 117 Use of MDI and TDI in laboratories 122 Visitors to the workplace 123 Emergencies in the workplace 124 Releases to atmosphere from polyurethane manufacturing sites 126 Properties of MDI and TDI relevant to releases to atmosphere 127 Releases from polyurethane processes 127 Abatement of releases 138 Reading 148 3 Health 155DC Allport, P Davies, W F Diller, J E Doe, F Floc’h H D Hoffmann, MKatoh and J P Lyon. Appendices by D I Bernstein Perspective on immediate effects following over exposure 156 First aid procedures 156 Commentary on first aid procedures 157 Human health: the medical background 160 Effects on the eyes 163 Effects on the skin 163 Effects when swallowed 165 Effects on the respiratory tract 165 Other health effects of MDI and TDI 185 Biomonitoring of MDI and TDI 186 Experimental toxicology 187 The interaction of MDI and TDI with biological systems 188 Toxicology studies 193 Diagnosis of diisocyanate asthma 203 Appendices (David I. Bernstein) 203 Reading 216 4 The environment 229RE Bailey, A Gard, K H den Haan, F Heimbach, D Pemberton, II Tadokoro, M Takatsuki and Y Yakabe A general approach to environmental risk assessment 229 Exposure 233 Sources of exposure 233 Distribution and persistence 237 Biodegradation 256 Bioaccumulation 257 Hazard 258 Test procedures 258 Aquatic ecotoxicity 259 Terrestrial ecotoxicity 264 Risk assessment 265 Accidental release of MDI and TDI 266 Normal usage 268 Reading 273 5 Supporting sciences 277 5.1 Chemistry of manufacture of MDI and TDI 277D C Allport, D S Gilbert and B Tury Manufacture of MDI 277 Manufacture of TDI 280 Modified MDI and TDI 282 Reading 284 5.2 Structures and nomenclature 285DC Allport, D S Gilbert and B Tury Structures 285 CAS Registry numbers and preferred names 286 IUPAC names 287 Convenient names for MDI and TDI 288 Synonyms 289 Commercial product names 289 Reading 291 5.3 Chemical reactions of MDI and TDI 291DC Allport, D S Gilbert, D Pemberton and B Tury Reaction with –OH groups 292 Reaction with –NH groups 293 Reaction with –SH groups 293 Reaction with biological molecules 294 Self-reactions 295 Catalysts 298 Reading 299 5.4 Physical and fire properties 300SM Outterside and D Pemberton MDI 301 TDI 311 Reading 319 5.5 Fire behaviour of MDI and TDI 321J F Chapman, B Cope, G Marlair and F Prager Test methodology 321 Fire tests on MDI and TDI 323 Reading 340 5.6 Occupational exposure limits, stack limits and community limits 343D C Allport, D S Gilbert, S M Outterside and B Tury Occupational exposure limits 343 Stack release limits and community limits 351 Reading 357 5.7 Sampling and analysis 358K S Brenner, V Dharmarajan and P Maddison Materials to be measured 358 Airborne MDI and TDI species 359 Choice of methods for the sampling and analysis of MDI and TDI in air 360 Analysis of nonairborne MDI and TDI 418 A critical review of exposure assessment techniques used in occupational health studies of MDI and TDI 420 Reading 422 Index 431

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Book SynopsisIn 1993, an International Task Force for Disease Eradication evaluated over 80 potential candidate diseases and made recommendations. However, little has been done to develop the science of eradication systematically. This book reports the findings of a multidisciplinary workshop on the eradication of infectious diseases. It reviews the history of eradication efforts and lessons from previous campaigns and distinguishes among eradication, elimination, and control programs and extinction of an etiologic agent. It addresses a wide range of related issues, including biological and socio-political criteria for eradication, costs and benefits of eradication campaigns, opportunities for strengthening primary health care in the course of eradication efforts, and other aspects of planning and implementing eradication programs. Finally, it stresses the importance of global mechanisms for formulating and implementing such programs.Table of ContentsWhat Is Eradication? (F. Fenner, et al.). Lessons from Previous Eradication Programs (A. Hinman D. Hopkins). The Role of Mathematical Models in Eradication of Infectious Disease (G. Medley, et al.). Group Report: How Is Eradication to Be Defined and What Are the Biological Criteria? (E. Ottesen, et al.). Disease Eradication Initiatives and General Health Services: Ensuring Common Principles Lead to Mutual Benefits (R. Aylward, et al.). Economic Appraisal of Eradication Programs: The Question of Infinite Benefits ( A. Acharya C. Murray). An Economic Perspective on Programs Proposed for Eradication of Infectious Diseases (M. Gyldmark A. Alban). Group Report: What Are the Criteria for Estimating the Costs and Benefits of Disease Eradication? (R. Hall, et al.). Roles for Public and Private Sectors in Eradication Programs (C. de Quadros, et al.). Overcoming Political and Cultural Barriers to Disease Eradication (S. Foster). Advantages and Disadvantages of Concurrent Eradication Programs (S. Cochi, et al.). Designing Eradication Programs to Strengthen Primary Health Care (C. Taylor R. Waldman). Group Report: What Are the Societal and Political Criteria for Eradication? (S. Cochi, et al.). Are There Better Global Mechanisms for Formulating, Implementing, and Evaluating Eradication Programs? (I. Arita). Thoughts on Organization for Disease Eradication (W. Foege). Group Report: When and How Should Eradication Programs Be Implemented? (R. Goodman, et al.). Indexes.

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Book SynopsisOffers an in-depth report on advanced statistical tools for public health disease surveillance, which is the result of a prestigious World Health Organisation (WHO) and EU Biomed programme initiative. Traditionally, the role of public health disease surveillance has been to identify and evaluate morbidity and mortality but increasingly, more sophisticated methods are being applied as the authorities extend their studies to include control and prevention of disease. This book brings together leading experts to discuss complex methodologies for the statistical evaluation of disease mapping and risk assessment. It includes a broad variety of statistical techniques and where appropriate, examples are included on topical issues such as the analysis of putative health hazards. For easy reference the text is presented in five distinct sections, each with an introductory review: * Disease Mapping * Clustering of Disesase * Ecological Analysis * Risk AsseTrade Review"…full of rich ideas and methods that are useful..." (Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, April 2005) "...sure to be an essential reference for anyone working in this area" (ISCB Newsletter, December 2000)Table of ContentsPartial table of contents: DISEASE MAPPING. Disease Mapping and Its Uses. Disease Mapping with Hidden Structures Using Mixture Models. CLUSTERING OF DISEASE. Inference for Extremes in Disease Mapping. Edge Effects in Disease Mapping. Empirical Studies of Cluster DetectionDifferent Cluster Tests in Application to German Cancer Maps. ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS. Introduction to Spatial Models in Ecological Analysis. Multilevel Modelling of Area-Based Health Data. RISK ASSESSMENT FOR PUTATIVE SOURCES OF HAZARD. A Review of Modelling Approaches in Health Risk Assessment around Putative Sources. Lung Cancer Near Point Emission Sources. PUBLIC HEALTH APPLICATIONS AND CASE STUDIES. Environmental Epidemiology, Public Health Advocacy and Policy. The Character and the Public Health Implications of Ecological Analyses. Estimating the Presence and the Degree of Heterogeneity of Disease Rates. Ecological Regression with Errors in Covariates: An Application. Lung Cancer Mortality in Women in Germany 1995: A Case Study in Disease Mapping. Appendix. Index.

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Book SynopsisDescribes the world of mental patients and their doctors in the first half of the twentieth century. This book shows how well-intentioned physicians could rationalize and regard as therapeutic treatments that often had dreadful consequences, and how much the social and cultural world is inscribed within the practice of biological psychiatry.Trade Review"Braslow writes with a light touch, and the book makes riveting reading, particularly the bits of dialogue between psychiatrists and patients that he excerpted from the transcripts. Anyone interested in learning how the arrogance of science and pseudoscience can lead medicine over the brink will profit from reading this biased but rewarding study." * New England Journal of Medicine *

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive history of the social and political aspects of vaccination in the United States, this work tells the story of how vaccination became a widely accepted public health measure over the course of the twentieth century. It examines the strategies that health officials have used to gain public acceptance of vaccines.Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Foreword by Daniel M. Fox Acknowledgments Introduction: Vaccination Politics and Law in American History 1. Between Persuasion and Compulsion: Vaccination at the Turn of the Twentieth Century 2. Science in a Democracy: Smallpox Vaccination in the Progressive Era and the 1920s 3. Diphtheria Immunization: The Power, and the Limits, of Persuasion 4. Hard Cores and Soft Spots: Selling the Polio Vaccine 5. Eradicationism and Its Discontents 6. Consent, Compulsion, and Compensation: Vaccination Programs in Crisis 7. Expansion and Backlash: Vaccination at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century Notes Archival Sources Index

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Book SynopsisThe genetic revolution has provided incredibly valuable information about our DNA, information that can be used to benefit and inform - but also to judge, discriminate, and abuse. This book gives the background information critical to understanding how genetics is affecting our everyday lives.Trade Review"Goes a long way toward exploring these issues in a painstaking yet readable scholarly treatise... Throughout, they make a convincing case that we are not our genome alone." New England Journal Of Medicine "The book is anything but dry reporting... An enjoyable and stimulating read for specialists in the field and the curious public alike." Science (AAAS) "Readers will come away with a realistic and encouraging perspective on medical genetics, providing that neither fantastic optimism nor abject fear is necessary to make the true story of DNA exciting." Qtly Review Of Biology "Readers will come away with a realistic and encouraging perspective on medical genetics, proving that neither fantastic optimism nor abject fear is necessary to make the true story of DNA exciting." Qtly Review Of BiologyTable of ContentsForeword by Victor A. McKusick Acknowledgments 1. DNA Sequence Does Not Equal Destiny 2. What Is Genomics? 3. Genetic Determinism 4. The Evolution and Deconstruction of Human-Centered Biology 5. Race and Ethnicity: Your History Is Written in Your Genes 6. Gender as a Spectrum, Not a Dichotomy 7. Genome-Based Forensics 8. When Genes Belong to Groups and Not Individuals 9. Genes as Commodities: Ownership of Genes by Business Interests 10. Protection against Genetic Discrimination: The New Civil Right 11. Reproductive Technologies: On the Road to Designer Babies? 12. Reproductive Cloning: From Farm Animals to Pets to Humans? 13. Therapeutic Cloning and Regenerative Medicine 14. Gene Therapy: Can the Promise Be Fulfilled? 15. Large Population Assessments: The Foundation for Genomic Medicine 16. Hidden Destiny: Unbounded by Your DNA Bibliography Illustration Credits Index

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Book SynopsisThis indispensable guide to the Affordable Care Act, our new national health care law, lends an insider's deep understanding of policy to a lively and absorbing account of the extraordinary--and extraordinarily ambitious--legislative effort to reform the nation's health care system. Dr. John E. McDonough, DPH, a health policy expert who served as an advisor to the late Senator Edward Kennedy, provides a vivid picture of the intense effort required to bring this legislation into law. McDonough clearly explains the ACA's inner workings, revealing the rich landscape of the issues, policies, and controversies embedded in the law yet unknown to most Americans. In his account of these historic events, McDonough takes us through the process from the 2008 presidential campaign to the moment in 2010 when President Obama signed the bill into law. At a time when the nation is taking a second look at the ACA, Inside National Health Reform provides the essential information for Americans to make informed judgments about this landmark law.Trade Review"Superb... Likely to become required reading for anyone who wishes (or claims) to understand health care in the United States." -- Rick Mayes Health Affairs "Read McDonough's book." The Incidental Economist "McDonough has done the hard work of breaking a large and historic piece of legislation down into a sober, balanced, thorough, readable, and important book. Recommended." -- Dick Maxwell Library Journal "Admirably clear ... provides the best explanation available, which occupies most of his book, of the many individual components of the ten titles of the final act." -- Jeff Madrick New York Review Of Books "Unique... Offers a perspective available to few others... Accessible, highly informative, and well worth [the reader's] time." -- Paul Van de Water, Center on Budget and Policy Priorities World Medical & Health Policy JrnlTable of ContentsList of Tables Foreword by Carmen Hooker Odom and Samuel L. Milbank Preface Acknowledgments List of Abbreviations Introduction—A Meeting in Minnesota Part I. Preludes and Process 1. The Knowledge Base—Why National Health Reform? 2. Social Strategy—Massachusetts Avenue 3. Political Will I—Prelude to a Health Reform Campaign 4. Political Will II—A Health Reform Campaign Part II. Policies—Ten Titles 5. Title I—The Three Legged Stool 6. Title II—Medicaid, CHIP, and the Governors 7. Title III—Medical Care, Medicare, and the Cost Curve 8. Title IV—Money, Mammograms, and Menus 9. Title V—Who Will Provide the Care? 10. Title VI—The Stew 11. Title VII—Biosimilar Biological Products 12. Title VIII—CLASS Act 13. Title IX—Paying for the ACA (or about Half of It) 14. Title X Plus—The Manager’s Amendment and the Health Care Education and Reconciliation Act Conclusion Notes Health Reform Timeline Index

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Book SynopsisPresents the study of migrant populations that poses challenges owing to the mobility of these groups, which may be further complicated by cultural, educational, and linguistic diversity as well as the legal status of their members.Table of ContentsForeword Michael V. Drake, MD SECTION ONE. Introductory Materials Section Editor: Marc B. Schenker 1. Introduction Marc B. Schenker (UC Davis, US) 2. Studying Migrant Populations: General Considerations and Approaches Alfonso Rodriguez-Lainz (CDC, US) Xochitl Castaneda (UC Berkeley, US) 3. Life Course Epidemiology: A Conceptual Model for the Study of Migration and Health Jacob Spallek (Bielefeld University, Germany) Hajo Zeeb (University of Bremen, Germany) Oliver Razum (Bielefeld University, Germany) SECTION TWO. Quantitative Methodological Approaches Section Editor: Alfonso Rodriguez-Lainz 4. Use of Existing Health Information Systems in Europe to Study Migrant Health Katia Levecque (University of Ghent, Belgium) Elena Ronda-Perez (University of Alicante, Spain) Emily Felt (Pompeu Fabra University, Spain) Fernando G. Benavides (Pompeu Fabra University, Spain) 5. Use of National Data Systems to Study Immigrant Health in the United States Gopal K. Singh (DHHS, US) 6. The Community-Based Migrant Household Probability Sample Survey Enrico A. Marcelli (San Diego State University, US) 7. Respondent-Driven Sampling for Migrant Populations Lisa Johnston (UC San Francisco, US) Mohsen Malekinejad (UC San Francisco, US) 8. Time-Space Sampling of Migrant Populations Salaam Semaan (CDC, US) Elizabeth DiNenno (CDC, US) 9. Prior Enumeration: A Method for Enhanced Sampling with Migrant Surveys Richard Mines (Agricultural Economics Consultant, US) Coburn C. Ward (University of the Pacific, US) Marc B. Schenker (UC Davis, US) 10. Telephone-Based Surveys David Grant (UCLA, US) Royce J. Park (UCLA, US) Lin Yu-chieh (University of Michigan, US) 11. Case-Control Studies Clelia Pezzi (CDC, US) Philip H. Kass (UC Davis, US) 12. Longitudinal Studies Guillermina Jasso (New York University, US) SECTION THREE. Qualitative Methodological Approaches Section Editor: Xochitl Castaneda 13. Ethnographic Research in Migration and Health Seth M. Holmes (UC Berkeley, US) Heide Castaneda (University of South Florida, US) 14. Participant Observation and Key Informant Interviews Rosa Maria Aguilera (Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente Muniz, Mexico) Ana Amuchastegui (Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana--Xochimilco, Mexico) 15. Focus Groups/Group Qualitative Interviews Patricia Zavella (UC Santa Cruz, US) 16. Full Circle: The Method of Collaborative Anthropology for Regional and Transnational Research Bonnie Bade (California State University, San Marcos, US) Konane Martinez (California State University, San Marcos, US) 17. Photovoice as Methodology Regina Day Langhout (UC Santa Cruz, US) SECTION FOUR. Crosscutting Issues Section Editors: Marc B. Schenker, Alfonso Rodriguez-Lainz, and Xochitl Castaneda 18. Ethical Issues across the Spectrum of Migration and Health Research Kevin Pottie (University of Ottawa, Canada) Patricia Gabriel (University of British Columbia, Canada) 19. Community-Based Participatory Research: A Promising Approach for Studying and Addressing Immigrant Health Meredith Minkler (UC Berkeley, US) Charlotte Chang (UC Berkeley, US) 20. Occupational Health Research with Immigrant Workers Michael A. Flynn (CDC, US) Donald E. Eggerth (CDC, US) 21. Methodological Recommendations for Broadening the Investigation of Refugees and Other Forced Migrants Andrew Rasmussen (Fordham University, US) 22. Working Internationally Carol Camlin (UC San Francisco, US) David Kyle (UC Davis, US) 23. Binational Collaborative Research Sylvia Guendelman (UC Berkeley, US) 24. Ensuring Access to Research for Nondominant Language Speakers Francesca Gany (Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, US) Lisa Diamond (Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, US) Rachel Meislin (New York University, US) Javier Gonzalez (Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, US) 25. Extended Case Study: A Mixed-Methods Approach to Understanding Internal Migrant Access to Health Care and the Health System's Response in India Bontha V. Babu (Indian Council of Medical Research, India) Anjali B. Borhade (Indian Institute of Public Health, India) Yadlapalli S. Kusuma (All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India) Contributors Index

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Book SynopsisPresents the study of migrant populations that poses challenges owing to the mobility of these groups, which may be further complicated by cultural, educational, and linguistic diversity as well as the legal status of their members.Table of ContentsForeword Michael V. Drake, MD SECTION ONE. Introductory Materials Section Editor: Marc B. Schenker 1. Introduction Marc B. Schenker (UC Davis, US) 2. Studying Migrant Populations: General Considerations and Approaches Alfonso Rodriguez-Lainz (CDC, US) Xochitl Castaneda (UC Berkeley, US) 3. Life Course Epidemiology: A Conceptual Model for the Study of Migration and Health Jacob Spallek (Bielefeld University, Germany) Hajo Zeeb (University of Bremen, Germany) Oliver Razum (Bielefeld University, Germany) SECTION TWO. Quantitative Methodological Approaches Section Editor: Alfonso Rodriguez-Lainz 4. Use of Existing Health Information Systems in Europe to Study Migrant Health Katia Levecque (University of Ghent, Belgium) Elena Ronda-Perez (University of Alicante, Spain) Emily Felt (Pompeu Fabra University, Spain) Fernando G. Benavides (Pompeu Fabra University, Spain) 5. Use of National Data Systems to Study Immigrant Health in the United States Gopal K. Singh (DHHS, US) 6. The Community-Based Migrant Household Probability Sample Survey Enrico A. Marcelli (San Diego State University, US) 7. Respondent-Driven Sampling for Migrant Populations Lisa Johnston (UC San Francisco, US) Mohsen Malekinejad (UC San Francisco, US) 8. Time-Space Sampling of Migrant Populations Salaam Semaan (CDC, US) Elizabeth DiNenno (CDC, US) 9. Prior Enumeration: A Method for Enhanced Sampling with Migrant Surveys Richard Mines (Agricultural Economics Consultant, US) Coburn C. Ward (University of the Pacific, US) Marc B. Schenker (UC Davis, US) 10. Telephone-Based Surveys David Grant (UCLA, US) Royce J. Park (UCLA, US) Lin Yu-chieh (University of Michigan, US) 11. Case-Control Studies Clelia Pezzi (CDC, US) Philip H. Kass (UC Davis, US) 12. Longitudinal Studies Guillermina Jasso (New York University, US) SECTION THREE. Qualitative Methodological Approaches Section Editor: Xochitl Castaneda 13. Ethnographic Research in Migration and Health Seth M. Holmes (UC Berkeley, US) Heide Castaneda (University of South Florida, US) 14. Participant Observation and Key Informant Interviews Rosa Maria Aguilera (Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente Muniz, Mexico) Ana Amuchastegui (Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana--Xochimilco, Mexico) 15. Focus Groups/Group Qualitative Interviews Patricia Zavella (UC Santa Cruz, US) 16. Full Circle: The Method of Collaborative Anthropology for Regional and Transnational Research Bonnie Bade (California State University, San Marcos, US) Konane Martinez (California State University, San Marcos, US) 17. Photovoice as Methodology Regina Day Langhout (UC Santa Cruz, US) SECTION FOUR. Crosscutting Issues Section Editors: Marc B. Schenker, Alfonso Rodriguez-Lainz, and Xochitl Castaneda 18. Ethical Issues across the Spectrum of Migration and Health Research Kevin Pottie (University of Ottawa, Canada) Patricia Gabriel (University of British Columbia, Canada) 19. Community-Based Participatory Research: A Promising Approach for Studying and Addressing Immigrant Health Meredith Minkler (UC Berkeley, US) Charlotte Chang (UC Berkeley, US) 20. Occupational Health Research with Immigrant Workers Michael A. Flynn (CDC, US) Donald E. Eggerth (CDC, US) 21. Methodological Recommendations for Broadening the Investigation of Refugees and Other Forced Migrants Andrew Rasmussen (Fordham University, US) 22. Working Internationally Carol Camlin (UC San Francisco, US) David Kyle (UC Davis, US) 23. Binational Collaborative Research Sylvia Guendelman (UC Berkeley, US) 24. Ensuring Access to Research for Nondominant Language Speakers Francesca Gany (Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, US) Lisa Diamond (Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, US) Rachel Meislin (New York University, US) Javier Gonzalez (Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, US) 25. Extended Case Study: A Mixed-Methods Approach to Understanding Internal Migrant Access to Health Care and the Health System's Response in India Bontha V. Babu (Indian Council of Medical Research, India) Anjali B. Borhade (Indian Institute of Public Health, India) Yadlapalli S. Kusuma (All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India) Contributors Index

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Book SynopsisFocuses on one of the most contentious and bitter battles in the history of public health. This book details how the nature of the epidemic has changed and highlights the dilemmas public health agencies face today in terms of prevention strategies and chronic illness linked to low levels of toxic exposure.Trade Review"In Lead Wars, CUNY's Gerald Markowitz and Columbia University's David Rosner convincingly show that the Baltimore toddler study emerged from a century of policymaking in which the US government, faced at times with a choice between protecting children from lead poisoning and protecting the businesses that produced and marketed lead paint, almost invariably chose the latter." New York Review Of Books "Lead Wars clearly shows that the scandalous and tragic history of lead is one that our society is doomed to repeat over and over again unless we develop and fight for better safeguards against chemicals and new technology." -- Helen Jupiter Mother Nature Network "A fascinating new book." -- Howard Markel PBS Newshour The Rundown Blog "Thoroughly researched and clearly written, this book does an excellent job of illustrating the problem society encounters when science and industry face off over likely harm versus economic benefit." -- Richard Maxwell Library Journal "A deeply conceived and well-written book by two of America's best public health historians. It's also an important background briefing on the politics and ethics of scientific research for journalists who will be covering environmental health issues like these." -- Bill Kovarik SE Journal "Chronicles the monstrous irresponsibility of companies in the lead industry over the course of the 20th century." -- Nicholas D. Kristof New York Times "I want to thank David Rosner and Gerald Markowitz for what that they've done to bring the story of the lead paint wars to the public." -- Senator Sheldon Whitehouse "The prolific team of Gerald Markowitz and David Rosner has done it again. Lead Wars: The Politics of Science and the Fate of America's Children is a thoroughly researched, passionate, and gripping history of a major public health problem... Lead Wars challenges us to take better care of our children by fighting those industries that appear to regard them-especially poor black and Latino children-as disposable." -- Elizabeth Fee Health AffairsTable of ContentsForeword Preface Acknowledgments 1. Introduction: A Legacy of Neglect 2. From Personal Tragedy to Public Health Crisis 3. Peeling the Onion: New Layers of the Lead Problem 4. The Contentious Meaning of Low-Level Exposures 5. The Rise of Public Health Pragmatism 6. Controlled Poison 7. Research on Trial 8. Lead Poisoning and the Courts 9. A Plague on All Our Houses Notes Index

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Book SynopsisThe food system is broken, but there is a revolution underway to fix it. Bite Back presents an urgent call to action and a vision for disrupting corporate power in the food system, a vision shared with countless organizers and advocates worldwide. In this provocative and inspiring new book, editors Saru Jayaraman and Kathryn De Master bring together leading experts and activists who are challenging corporate powerby addressing injustices in our food system, from wage inequalityto environmental destructionto corporate bullying. In paired chapters, authors present a problem arising from corporate control of the food system and then recount how an organizing campaign successfully tackled it. This unique solutions-oriented book allows readers to explore the core contemporary challenges embedded in our food system and learn how we can push back against corporate greed to benefit workers and consumers everywhere.Trade Review"In this cleverly titled collection,​ ​attorney Saru Jayaraman and rural sociologist Kathryn De Master conclude that corporations control much of our food because of 'their unbridled, unregulated power over our democracy.'" * Nature *“Offers a series of roadmaps for activists who are looking to change the status quo.” * FoodPrint *“A book for the present moment.” * Civil Eats *"Bite Back is a valuable source that brings together research, activism and strategies for action." * The Maine Organic Farmer & Gardener *Table of ContentsForeword Marion Nestle Introduction Kathryn De Master and Saru Jayaraman 1. SEEDS Call to Action • How Corporations Control Our Seeds Philip H. Howard Collective Response • Taking Back Our Seeds Kristina “Kiki” Hubbard 2. PESTICIDES Call to Action • Pesticide Purveyors and Corporate Power Jill Lindsey Harrison Collective Response • Drift Catchers Combatting Pesticide Power Emily Marquez, Marcia Ishii-Eiteman, and Kristin Schafer 3. EXTRACTION Call to Action • Devil’s Bargain: Fractured Farms or Freedom? Kathryn De Master and Stephanie A. Malin Collective Response • Food and Water over Fracking Wenonah Hauter and Seth A. Gladstone 4 . LABOR Call to Action • Food Workers versus Food Giants Joann Lo and Jose Oliva Collective Response • Food Workers Taking On Goliath Saru Jayaraman 5. HEALTH Call to Action • Fast Food Embodied: Industrial Diets Kristine Madsen and Wendi Gosliner Collective Response • Moving a McMountain Anna Lappé and Kelle Louaillier 6. HUNGER Call to Action • Hunger Incorporated: Who Benefits from Anti-Hunger Efforts? Andy Fisher Collective Response • Progress over Poverty through Political Power Jim Araby 7. TRADE Call to Action • The Corporate Stock in Trade Raj Patel and Maywa Montenegro de Wit Collective Response • Food Sovereignty in Japan and Beyond Ayumi Kinezuka and Maywa Montenegro de Wit Conclusion: Stand Up, Bite Back Saru Jayaraman and Kathryn De Master Afterword: Taking Action to Create Change Judy Hertz Acknowledgments Notes Bibliography Contributors Index

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Book SynopsisAll I Eat Is Medicine charts the lives of individuals and the operation of institutions in the thick of the AIDS epidemic in Mozambique during the global scale-up of treatment for HIV/AIDS at the turn of the twenty-first century. Even as the AIDS treatment scale-up saved lives, it perpetuated the exploitation and exclusion that was implicated in the propagation of the epidemic in the first place. This book calls attention to the global social commitments and responsibilities that a truly therapeutic global health requires.Trade Review"Ippolytos Kalofonos argues for global public health systems to confront the underlying causes of inequities instead of only providing medicine to the ill. In doing so, he explains that hunger, disease, and poverty are interlinked." * FoodTank *"All I Eat is Medicine is a grounded account showing that humanitarianism aid is a double-edged sword." * World Medical & Health Policy *

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Book SynopsisAll I Eat Is Medicine charts the lives of individuals and the operation of institutions in the thick of the AIDS epidemic in Mozambique during the global scale-up of treatment for HIV/AIDS at the turn of the twenty-first century. Even as the AIDS treatment scale-up saved lives, it perpetuated the exploitation and exclusion that was implicated in the propagation of the epidemic in the first place. This book calls attention to the global social commitments and responsibilities that a truly therapeutic global health requires.Trade Review"Ippolytos Kalofonos argues for global public health systems to confront the underlying causes of inequities instead of only providing medicine to the ill. In doing so, he explains that hunger, disease, and poverty are interlinked." * FoodTank *"All I Eat is Medicine is a grounded account showing that humanitarianism aid is a double-edged sword." * World Medical & Health Policy *

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Book SynopsisThis title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Pressâs mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1989.

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Book SynopsisA history of U.S. public health emergencies and how we can turn the tide. Despite enormous advances in medical science and public health education over the last century, access to health care remains a dominant issue in American life. U.S. health care is often hailed as the best in the world, yet the public health emergencies of today often echo the public health emergencies of yesterday: consider the Great Influenza Pandemic of 191819 and COVID-19, the displacement of the Dust Bowl and the havoc of Hurricane Maria, the Reagan administration's antipathy toward the AIDS epidemic and the lack of accountability during the water crisis in Flint, Michigan. Spanning the period from the presidency of Woodrow Wilson to that of Donald Trump, American Health Crisis illuminates howdespite the elevation of health care as a human right throughout the worldvulnerable communities in the United States continue to be victimized by structural inequalities across disparate geographies, income levels, and ethnic groups. Martin Halliwell views contemporary public health crises through the lens of historical and cultural revisionings, suturing individual events together into a narrative of calamity that has brought us to our current crisis in health politics. American Health Crisisconsiders the future of public health in the United States and, presenting a reinvigorated concept of health citizenship, argues that now is the moment to act for lasting change.Trade Review"An ambitious work. . . .a book on public health can and should only be written in a way that is as inclusive, reflective, accessible in language, and structured as Halliwell’s. It is an important read for any practitioner of public health." * Amerikastudien/American Studies: A Quarterly *"Noteworthy." * American Historical Review *Table of ContentsPreface Introduction 1918: Woodrow Wilson, Crisis, and the Arc of Public Health Part 1: Geographies of Vulnerability: Environmental Health Crises 1. Disaster: Mississippi Flood, Buffalo Creek, Hurricane Katrina 2. Poverty: Dust Bowl, Urban Ghetto, Indian Reservation 3. Pollution: Nuclear Fallout, Water Contamination, Climate Change Part 2: States of Vulnerability: Crises of Prevention and Treatment 4. Virus: Influenza, Polio, HIV/AIDS 5. Care: Postwar Hospitals, Community Action, Vet Centers 6. Drugs: Methadone, Diazepam, Fentanyl Conclusion 2018: Obama, Trump, and the Future of Health Citizenship Coda 2020 Acknowledgments Notes Selected Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisPresenting on-the-ground evidence and ethnographic cases, this book emphasizes that HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa is a complex and regionally specific phenomenon rooted in local economies, deepening poverty, migration, gender, war, global economies, and cultural politics.Trade Review"This groundbreaking volume draws on a broad array of methodologies and disciplines to bring into relief the social and economic forces that have made AIDS the leading infectious cause of young adult death globally. Rejecting fashionable explanations of AIDS in Africa, this book reveals such explanations to be rooted in racism, victim-blaming, disciplinary blindness, and shoddy research. Meticulously documented, HIV and AIDS in Africa is a treasure trove of information – just what many policymakers, epidemiologists, and clinicians need to hear, whether we want to or not. But the book deserves a far wider audience. For ‘any interventions that fail to address the broader issues of African social and economic life,’ as one of this fine volume’s contributors predicts, ‘are bound to fail." Paul Farmer, Harvard Medical School "This is a thoroughly excellent book, as good as any on offer on the current HIV/AIDS epidemic in Africa, and a lot better than most ... This is a book that needs to be read by all those involved in development planning in Africa - and elsewhere - in NGOs as in governments, in the field as well as in the 'corridors of power'." International Development Planning Review “The new book by Ezekiel Kalipeni et al. is a landmark among all existing literature addressing the epidemic in Africa. The volume holds near 25 in-depth chapters providing brilliant analysis of the epidemic.” Markku Löytönen, University of Helsinki "The book is able to cover a vast array of topics that have been previously neglected in academic discourse ... the editors have successfully demonstrated thta HIV/AIDS must be approached in a multidisciplinary fashion in order to understand and eventually stem the spread of this epidemic ... what is refreshing in regard to this work is that the editors have taken an academic and personal approach in their attempts to grasp the influence of this epidemic ... this book can be called both humanistic and sincere." Cambridge University Press "This book is essential reading, as it tackles the critical arguments...it represents a call to all researchers working with HIV/AIDS to take account...first book that tackles the misperceptions...the collection represents a major contribution." Sahara JournalTable of ContentsAbout the Authors. Acknowledgements. Introduction: Beyond Epidemiology: Locating AIDS In Africa. (Susan Craddock). Part I: History. Section Introduction. Susan Craddock. 1. AIDS, History & Struggles Over Meaning. (Brooke Grundfest). 2. Politics, Culture And Medicine: An Unholy Trinity? Historical Continuities And Rupture In The HIV/AIDS Story In Malawi. (John Lloyd Lwanda). Part II: AIDS In Africa: Regional Perspectives. Section Introduction. Susan Craddock. 3. Perceptions And Misperceptions Of AIDS In Africa. (Joseph R. Oppong And Ezekiel Kalipeni). 4. Mapping The AIDS Pandemic In Eastern And Southern Africa. A Critical Overview. (Ezekiel Kalipeni, Susan Craddock, And Jayati Ghosh). 5. HIV/AIDS In West Africa: The Case Of Senegal, Ghana And Nigeria. (Joseph R. Oppong And Samuel Agyei-Mensah). Part III: Beyond Epidemiology: Understanding The Issues In Social Terms. Section Introduction. (Susan Craddock). A. Gendered Vulnerabilities. 6. Condoms, Consent And ‘Cultural Entrapments’: A Further Look At Gendered & Occupational Factors Pertinent To The Transmission Of HIV In Africa. (Anne V. Akeroyd). 7. Strategies For Prevention Of Sexual Transmission Of HIV/AIDS Among Adolescents: The Case Of High School Students In Kenya. (Njeri Mbugua). 8. AIDS In Africa: Structure, Agency & Risk. (Brooke Grundfest). B. Sexualities. 9. Culture, Sexuality, And Women's Agency In The Prevention Of HIV/AIDS In Southern Africa American Journal Of Public Health. (Ida Susser And Zena). 10. Migrancy, Masculine Identities And AIDS: The Psychosocial Context Of HIV Transmission On The South African Gold Mines. (Catherine Campbell). 11. The Invisible Presence Of Homosexuality: Implications For HIV/AIDS And Rights In Southern Africa. (Oliver Phillips). C. Poverty, Migration, War. 12. Urbanization, Poverty, And Sex: Roots Of Risky Behaviors In Slum Settlements In Nairobi, Kenya. (Eliya Msiyaphazi Zulu, Alex Chika and F. Nii-Amoo). 13. Mobile Populations And HIV/AIDS In East Africa. (Maryinez Lyons). 14. Understanding The African HIV Pandemic: An Appraisal Of The Contexts And Lay Explanation Of The HIV/AIDS Pandemic With Examples From Tanzania And Kenya. (Gabriel Rugalema). 15. Socioeconomic Obstacles To HIV Prevention And Treatment In Developing Countries: The Roles Of The International Monetary Fund And The World Bank. (Peter Lurie, Percy C. Hintzen, And Robert A. Lowe). Part IV: Research Methods, Agendas, And Ethics. Section Introduction. (Susan Craddock). 16. Participatory Diagramming And The Ethical & Practical Challenges Of Helping Africans Themselves To ‘Map The Issues’ Around HIV. (Mike Kesby). 17. Community-Based Research On AIDS In The Context Of Global Inequalities – Making A Virtue Of Necessity? (Carolyn Baylies). 18. AIDS And Ethics: Clinical Trials, Pharmaceuticals, And Global Scientific Practice. (Susan Craddock). Part V: Understanding The Repercussions / Impacts. Section Introduction. (Susan Craddock). 19. Excerpt From We Miss You All. (Noerine Kaleeba). 20. Understanding AIDS In Public Lives. (David Eaton). 21. Economic Growth In Sub Saharan Africa: The Potential Impact Of HIV/AIDS. (Lynn R. Brown). 22. Rising Tide Of AIDS Orphans In Southern Africa. (Jayati Ghosh And Ezekiel Kalipeni). 23. A Mother To Her Brothers: A Child-Headed Household’s Story, Johannesburg, South Africa. (Emma Guest). Concluding Remarks: Beyond Epidemiology. (Joseph R. Oppong And Jayati Ghosh). Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisKassianos gives a description of the disease followed by the data on notification and immunisation coverage. Each vaccine is presented separately, with information on contraindications, local and general side effects, and dosage schedules.Trade Review'This is a thoroughly comprehensive book which contains almost everything the busy GP or practice nurse could wish to know about immunisation.' Doctor 'George Kassianos has produced a book that is both readable and understandable . As this is the only book of its kind on this subject, covering such a wide and comprehensive range of material, it should be regarded as one of the undisputed classics of general practice reading.' Infections 'Any health professional involved in immunization or travel health will find this book invaluable.' Practice Nurse 'Dr Kassianos in this small reference book brings together all the information likely to be required for general practitioners to provide a comprehensive immunisation service and to answer all those questions normally posed by awkward patients!' Maternal and Child HealthTable of ContentsForeword vii Preface viii List of abbreviations xi Part 1 Introduction to Immunization and Vaccines 1 History of immunization 3 2 Timescale of vaccine introduction in the UK 8 3 Immunology immunization and vaccine development 9 4 The cold chain and vaccine storage 21 5 Transmission of infection 23 6 Infectivity and exclusion periods of infections 24 7 Immunization in practice 25 8 Expanded programme on immunization 30 9 Vaccine damage payment scheme 37 10 Information sheet for parents 38 11 Viral and bacterial vaccines 41 12 Special precautions for all vaccines 42 13 Special precautions for live vaccines 44 14 Treating anaphylaxis 46 Part 2 The UK National Immunization Programme Vaccines 15 Complications of infectious diseases and vaccines: an aide-memoire 51 16 Diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis (DTP) combined and diphtheria/tetanus (DT,Td) combined 54 17 Diphtheria 57 18 Tetanus 61 19 Pertussis 65 20 Haemophilus influenzae 76 21 Poliomyelitis 81 22 Measles/mumps/rubella combined vaccine 88 23 Measles 100 24 Mumps 104 25 Rubella 107 26 Meningococcal infection 112 27 Tuberculosis 122 Part 3 The Other Vaccines 28 Anthrax 135 29 Cholera 137 30 Hepatitis A 141 31 Hepatitis A and typhoid combined vaccine 151 32 Hepatitis B 153 33 Hepatitis A and B combined vaccine 177 34 Influenza 180 35 Japanese B encephalitis 193 36 Plague 197 37 Pneumococcal infection 199 38 Rabies 206 39 Tick-borne encephalitis 215 40 Typhoid 220 41 Varicella 226 42 Yellow fever 231 Part 4 The Practice and Immunization 43 Immunization fees and the UKGP 239 44 Immunization and audit 248 45 Electronic recall systems for completion of immunization 252 46 The practice nurse and immunization 261 47 Practice nurse: pre-vaccination checklist 267 Part 5 Travel Health 48 Introduction to travel health 271 49 Travel clinics 276 50 Advice to travellers 280 51 Legal aspects of advice for travellers 291 52 Air travel 293 53 Tunnel travel 305 54 Motion sickness 306 55 Sea cruises 308 56 High altitude sickness 309 57 Travellers at risk 311 58 The returned traveller 330 59 Malaria 364 Part 6 Immunization and Travel Information Resources 60 International Society of Travel Medicine 391 61 Specimen immunization exemption certificate 392 62 Notifiable diseases 393 63 Reciprocal healthcare agreements between the UK and other non-EEA countries 395 64 Sources of travel information: useful addresses/telephone numbers/websites 399 65 Embassies and High Commissions in London 412 66 World travel advice checklist 415 67 Travel vaccines administration summary 422 Index 425

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Book SynopsisThe report of the Commission on the Education of Health Professionals for the 21st Century, an independent initiative of 20 leaders from around the world, addresses the evolving demands of health systems in an interdependent world. It articulates a fresh vision and recommends renewed actions, with a focus on institutional and instructional reforms.

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Book SynopsisObstetrics and Gynecology in Low-Resource Settings provides practical guidelines for ensuring quality care to women in locations where facilities are inadequate, equipment and medications are in short supply, and medical staff are few. This reference will be an essential companion to health care providers throughout the world.Trade ReviewUnder Nawal Nour’s guidance and gentle tutelage, this book lays out current knowledge about the ranking threats—from obstetric fistula and genital cutting to obstructed labor and stillbirths, cervical cancer, HIV, and malaria in pregnancy—to the health and well-being of hundreds of millions of women. Nor are gender-based violence and access to contraception scanted, as so often in medical texts. Obstetrics and Gynecology in Low-Resource Settings: A Practical Guide will prove indispensable to students, trainees, and clinicians seeking to span such divides in order to improve and save lives. It’s a go-to reference for all those who care about the role of gender equity in the broader struggle for global health equity. And that should mean all of us. -- Paul E. Farmer, Kolokotrones University Professor of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and cofounder of Partners In HealthDr. Nour has gathered the foremost experts in obstetrics and gynecology to address the most devastating health issues faced by women in low-resource settings. Practical and easy to read, this book is essential for health providers working in low-resource regions of the world, and indispensable for individuals committed to improving the health and well-being of women everywhere. Not only meant to improve women’s lives, this publication will no doubt save women’s lives. -- Christy Turlington Burns, global maternal health advocate and founder of Every Mother CountsObstetrics and Gynecology in Low-Resource Settings: A Practical Guide is the first book of its kind to describe a broad range of applications to women’s health worldwide. As a resource for not only physicians, but also non-physician women’s health providers, this volume will have a broad appeal. Of importance is the inclusion of information regarding the need to learn cultural sensitivity and an appreciation of the need to highlight social determinants of maternal mortality and morbidity, including gender-based violence. -- Douglas W. Laube, past president, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists

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Book SynopsisIn an age of pandemics, no country can achieve public health on its own. Health security expert Lawrence O. Gostin examines the key cross-border threats to our well-being, from infectious diseases to bioterrorism, and proposes pragmatic solutions: targeted research, robust international institutions, and tools for effective global action.Trade ReviewGostin draws on the lessons of AIDS, SARS, Ebola, and the COVID-19 pandemic to lay out a roadmap for global health security, making a powerful and persuasive case for how the principles of solidarity, equity, and justice must guide the international community in preparing for and responding to the health crises of the future. -- Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of the World Health OrganizationGlobal Health Security is invaluable, drawing critical lessons from the world’s epic struggle with COVID-19, and looking far beyond. Gostin incisively analyses future threats, from superbugs and antimicrobial resistance to bioterrorism, and charts a better course through global solidarity and enlightened self-interest. If you read only one book on global health this year, make it this one. -- Sir Jeremy Farrar, Director of WellcomeThe world has learned valuable lessons from infectious disease outbreaks. Yet the power of lessons is in their use. In this book, Gostin provides a sweeping view of what is needed to avert disaster in the future. The crucial question is: will people read and act on his suggestions? -- William Herbert Foege, 10th Director of the Centers for Disease Control and PreventionWe are entering an age of pandemics, one marked with more frequent disease outbreaks and increasingly greater threats to our social order. There is no one better than Gostin to connect the dots across outbreaks, laying out how climate change, economic development, and globalization have created new risks. But more than sounding the alarm, he brilliantly charts a path forward for how nations and indeed the world can be better prepared to meet these threats head on. -- Ashish K. Jha, Dean of the Brown University School of Public HealthAs a leading public health legal scholar and global health activist, Gostin has influenced the course of every major public health crisis of our time, from HIV/AIDS, to SARS, Ebola, and now COVID-19. Global Health Security draws on those important experiences but looks forward, charting a clear and compelling framework to assess future biological threats and effectively address them. Masterfully insightful. -- Peggy Hamburg, former Foreign Secretary of the National Academy of MedicineDiscouraged but inspired by COVID‑19, [Gostin’s] wide-ranging study analyzes the science and politics of past and present global disease, with hypothetical exercises about a new influenza, bioterrorism, and cholera. He recommends steps to reduce pandemic risk, such as increasing surveillance of animal pathogens and their movement. Above all, he calls for a ‘new politics,’ free from nationalistic populism. -- Andrew Robinson * Nature *[A] comprehensive and detailed blueprint for responding to global health crises. Gostin casts a wide net, addressing the overuse of antibiotics, climate change, and the lack of universal health coverage…Gostin goes further to explain how lessons from Covid-19 can remake society to be better prepared for future health threats. * Publishers Weekly *A comprehensive blueprint for global reforms. * Georgetown Law *

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Book SynopsisWhen People Come First critically assesses the expanding field of global health. It brings together an international and interdisciplinary group of scholars to address the medical, social, political, and economic dimensions of the global health enterprise through vivid case studies and bold conceptual work. The book demonstrates the crucial role ofTrade Review"When People Come First is a welcome examination of 'the actual impacts of [global health] initiatives on care, health systems, and governance.'... The authors' empirical accounts of the complexities of the global health landscape expose a litany of assumptions that drive global health and demonstrate why we must be suspicious of these."--Nicole S. Berry, Science "When People Come First would be a valuable accessory in any global health practitioner's toolkit, and essential reading for global health students."--Jocalyn Clark, PLoS Speaking of Medicine blog "When People Come First, edited by medical anthropologists Biehl and Petryna, is an informed, critical examination of current, compelling global health issues; it successfully dispels the notion that a single community or country is alone in its health efforts."--Choice "When People Come First sets a new research agenda in global health and social theory and challenges us to rethink the relationships between care, rights, health, and economic futures."--World Book Industry "When People Come First presents an important contribution to debates surrounding the concept of 'evidence' in global health policy and practice... This anthology, and the debates which it will surely ignite, provides a solid foundation for exploring an approach to global health where people come first."--Sarah Jeavons, New Genetics and Society "When People Come First is a strong and ethnographically grounded collection featuring many of the most talented theorists and writers currently studying global health."--Svea Closser, American Ethnologist "Like with any good ethnography, the stories are real, often troubling, and evocative of real lives in real places. They stimulate anger and outrage. It is a hard book to put down."--Craig R. Janes, Medical Anthropology Quarterly "[An] impressive book ... rich in nuance and complexity."--Salmaan Keshavjee, Lancet "This text has significant potential as a teaching resource both for clinical family medicine and for those exploring global health--the problems it addresses are real, the need for ethnographic rather than program-focused understandings of local reality is well articulated, and the challenge presented by the book to look at things differently is valuable to those learning to practice in any setting."--William Cayley Jr, MD, MDiv, Family MedicineTable of ContentsCritical Global Health, Joao Biehl and Adriana Petryna 1 I EVIDENCE Overview 23 1A Return to the Magic Bullet? Malaria and Global Health in the Twenty-First Century, Marcos Cueto 30 2Evidence-Based Global Public Health - Subjects, Profits, Erasures, Vincanne Adams 54 3The "Right to Know" or "Know Your Rights"? Human Rights and a People-Centered Approach to Health Policy, Joseph J. Amon 91 4Children as Victims - The Moral Economy of Childhood in the Times of AIDS, Didier Fassin 109 II INTERVENTIONS Overview 133 5Therapeutic Clientship - Belonging in Uganda's Projectified Landscape of AIDS Care, Susan Reynolds Whyte, Michael A. Whyte, Lotte Meinert, and Jenipher Twebaze 140 6The Struggle for a Public Sector - PEPFAR in Mozambique, James Pfeiffer 166 7The Next Epidemic - Pain and the Politics of Relief in Botswana's Cancer Ward, Julie Livingston 182 8A Salvage Ethnography of the Guinea Worm - Witchcraft, Oracles and Magic in a Disease Eradication Program, Amy Moran-Thomas 207 III MARKETS Overview 243 9Public-Private Mixes - The Market for Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs in India, Stefan Ecks and Ian Harper 252 10Labor Instability and Community Mental Health - The Work of Pharmaceuticals in Santiago, Chile, Clara Han 276 11The Ascetic Subject of Compliance - The Turn to Chronic Diseases in Global Health, Ian Whitmarsh 302 12Legal Remedies - Therapeutic Markets and the Judicialization of the Right to Health, Joao Biehl and Adriana Petryna 325 Afterword - The Peopling of Technologies, Michael M. J. Fischer 347 Contributors 375 Acknowledgments 381 References 385 Index 425

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Winner of the 2018 Don K. Price Award, Science, Technology & Environmental Politics Section of the American Political Science Association""Winner of the 2018 Louis Brownlow Book Award, National Academy of Public Administration""Persuasive."---Carey Goldberg, WBUR's CommonHealth blog"The United States stands out among rich countries in resisting evidence-based medicine--not in theory, perhaps, but in practice. In this informative book, the authors, all political scientists, document this phenomenon and then consider why ordinary people, physicians, and politicians all resist public spending on research that would produce obvious benefits for everyone."---Richard N. Cooper, Foreign Affairs"Unhealthy Politics connects the dots in the complex relationships among physicians, medical societies, the public, and politicians. . . . Unhealthy Politics, in the end, is most convincing in describing the limited extent to which evidence can guide the activities of key actors. The irony is this: For those who wish to see evidence-based medicine implemented, more and better medical evidence might not be the answer. Rather, we need better evidence about how to implement what we already know."---Romana Hasnain-Wynia, Health Affairs"A remarkable example of the contribution that political science has to make to discussions of policy problems that have chiefly concerned other fields . . . . Patashnik, Gerber, and Dowling bring to bear not only a wealth of original survey evidence . . . but also a wealth of theoretical insights from the policy process and legislative politics literatures." * Journal of Politics *

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Book SynopsisReversing the Obesogenic Environment describes the factors that contribute to an environment that leads to obesity, including public policy, the built environment, food supply and distribution, family and cultural influences, technology, and the media. It also offers tools that help professionals start to reverse the obesity epidemic. Table of ContentsPart I: Public Health and ObesityChapter 1: Emergence of the Obesogenic Environment Historical Emergence of Obesity as a Public Health Concern The Case for an Obesogenic Environment Ecologic Models of Health and the Importance of Supportive Environments Summary Chapter 2: Scope of Obesity Obesity Defined Causes of Obesity Vulnerable Populations Health Risks Associated With Overweight and Obesity Social and Psychological Costs of Obesity Summary Chapter 3: Body Composition Measurements Field Methods Laboratory Methods Summary Part II: Physical Activity and ObesityChapter 4: The Built Environment Components of the Built Environment Measuring the Built Environment Limitations of Research on the Built Environment Neighborhood Walkability and Physical Activity Emerging Research and Recommendations Summary Chapter 5: Physical Activity Resources Parks and Open Spaces Walking Trails and Bikeways Home Environment Factors Influencing the Use of Physical Activity Resources Measuring Physical Activity Resources Emerging Research and Implications for the Future Summary Chapter 6: Active Transportation Personal Automobile and Obesity Walkability Public Transportation Active Transport to School Stair Use Summary Part III: Food AccessibilityChapter 7: Food Supply and Security Nutrition Transition Food Production Imports and Exports Food Storage Nutritional Disparities, Obesity, and Undernutrition Food Security Government intervention Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Summary Chapter 8: Food Technology Genetic Engineering Trans-Fatty Acids Factory Farming Summary Part IV: Public Policy, Sociocultural Influences, and ObesityChapter 9: Policy and Individual Health Choices Levels of Preventions Guidelines Educating Individuals Regulations at the Point of Purchase Incentives for Good Behavior Other Approaches Summary Chapter 10: Policy and the Obesogenic Environment Agriculture International Trade Food Industry and Food Environments Built Environment Transportation Schools Worksites Summary Chapter 11: Cultural and Familial Influences Family Culture Within the Ecologic Model of Obesity Cultural Influences Familial Influences Summary Chapter 12: Social Justice, Health Disparities, and Obesity Socioeconomic Status SES, Social Injustices, Health Behaviors, and Obesity Weight Discrimination Resiliency to Social Injustices Solutions Summary Part V: Media and MarketingChapter 13: Point of Purchase Marketing, Advertising, Branding The Four Ps Summary Chapter 14: Influence of Media and Technology Biological Responses to Food Images Television Advertising and Children Internet Advertising Billboard Advertising Sports Sponsorships Media Interventions Strategies Summary

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Book SynopsisThe culture-centred approach offered in this book argues that communication theorizing ought to locate culture at the centre of the communication process such that the theories are contextually embedded and co-constructed through dialogue with the cultural participants.Trade Review"If you are looking for a fresh approach to teaching health communication, Communicating Health provides a unique perspective that will leave readers with a feeling of sensitivity, a call to justice, and a knowledge bank of practical strategies from culture-centered healthcare." Communication Research Trends “I quickly became engrossed in this thoughtful book. I recommend it to all who are prepared to be challenged.” Five star review from Nursing Standard "Communicating Health is a most timely and critically important contribution to our global understanding of the location of culture in health communication. Drawing on multidisciplinary fields of scholarly traditions, Mohan Dutta offers sensitive yet compelling insights and critical thoughts that locate culture at the core of health communication. This is a book that should be read by everyone concerned about the role of health communication in achieving social justice, equity, and optimum health globally." Collins O. Airhihenbuwa, Pennsylvania State University "The book abounds with provocative and revealing examples that support conclusions and recommendations. It is equally valuable for health communication scholars and health promotion practitioners." Gary L. Kreps, George Mason UniversityTable of ContentsList of TablesList of TablesList of BoxesAcknowledgementsIntroduction1 Culture in Health Communication2 Culture-Centered Approach to Health Communication3 Theoretical Approaches to the Study of Culture4 Culture, Identity and Health5 Pathways of Curing and Healing: Biomedical Model6 Culture and Marginalization7 Health Experiences in Marginalized Sectors8 Culture, Social Capital and Health9 Culture and Resistance10 Health, Culture and Globalization11 Culture and PraxisBibliography

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Book SynopsisInternational responses to the outbreak of SARS, the spread of HIV/AIDS, and the promotion of health as a human right all demonstrate how global politics have a profound effect on the way we think about and respond to major health challenges. Despite a growing interest in the relationship between health and international relations there has yet to be a systematic study of the links between them. Global Health Issues aims to fill this gap ultimately showing how world politics can be good, or bad, for your health. This book calls for a more nuanced understanding of the nature of the current global health crisis and the political dilemmas faced by those responsible for the development and implementation of responses to it. By charting these debates and showing how they shape the way actors think about key issues relating to health, such as people movement; infectious disease; the business of health; and the consequences of war; this volume provides an innovative and comprehensTrade Review"A significant theoretical and empirical contribution, which deserves consideration by scholars, advanced students and international health practitioners. I thoroughly recommend it."International Affairs "[Davies] draws skilfully on a variety of literatures ... to map the political dimensions of global public health, and pinpoints precisely the disquieting conclusions that result from such an exercise."Network "Davies' text is particularly useful in providing a critique of recent efforts to incorporate health within the traditional logics of the field."Cambridge Review of International Affairs "A well researched, well written and enjoyable book on global health that covers a vast array of topics without ever being too technical."Dr M. Edelstein, Royal Society of Medicine "Health is now a political issue on a global scale. Sara Davies' excellent book allows us to understand the tensions created by this development and is essential reading for students and scholars of International Relations."Colin Innes, Director of Centre for Health and International Relations, Aberystwyth University "Davies' book is an informative, comprehensive and deep examination of the relationship between politics and health."Jillian Clare-Kohler, University of Toronto "The discussion of global health as an issue of 'high politics' has never been more salient. Sara Davies' excellent book makes an important and insightful contribution to the intensifying debates over 'health security' and global health governance. Essential reading for scholars, policymakers and students alike."Andrew Price-Smith, The Colorado College and author of Contagion and Chaos and The Health of NationsTable of ContentsAcknowledgements List of Abbreviations Introduction Chapter One: Contribution of International Relations to the evolving international health agenda Chapter Two: Global Health Actors Chapter Three: Health as a Human Right Chapter Four: Cross Border Migration Chapter Five: Armed Conflict and Health Chapter Six: Infectious Disease Chapter Seven: Health as a Business Conclusion References

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