Public health and preventive medicine Books

Book SynopsisWhat are social policies?How are social policies created and implemented?Why do certain policies exist?The fourth edition of this highly respected textbook provides a clear and engaging introduction to social policy.The book has been thoroughly updated to include: Changes in social policy introduced by the Coalition government Incorporation of an international perspective throughout, as well as anew chapter: The global social policy environment Updated pedagogy to stimulate thought and learning Comprehensive glossary Social Policy is essential reading for students beginning or building on their study of social policy or welfare. The wide-ranging coverage of topics means that the book holds broad appeal for a number of subject areas including health, social policy, criminology, education, social work and sociology."This textbook has always been a useful teaching resource because it combines substantiTable of Contents List of activitiesList of tablesList of figuresList of boxesThe authors PrefaceThe subject of social policyIdeas and concepts in social policyThe development of social policy in BritainThe global social policy environment The contested boundaries of social policy: the case of criminal justiceWho gets what? Slicing the welfare cakeSocial policy, politics and social controlWho makes policy? The example of educationWork and welfareAre professionals good for you? The example of health policy and health professionalsUtopia and ideals: housing policy and the environmentCommunity and social careDevolution and social policyConclusion: the future of social policyGlossaryBibliography

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisA balanced portrait of an overlooked pioneer and her work in healthcare.

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Book SynopsisProvides historical background that contextualises the current state of the field and explores the major issues practitioners face today.Table of ContentsHistory and Context of American Public Health The Social and Ecological Determinants of Health The Health of Marginalized Populations Public Health Approaches to the Opioid Epidemic Public Health Workforce and Education in the United States The Role of Community-Oriented Primary Care in Improving Health Care Who Is the Public in Public Health? National Accreditation of Public Health Departments Partnerships in Public Health: Working Together for a Mutual Benefit The Organizational Landscape of the American Public Health System International Lessons for the United States on Population Health, Health Care, and Health Policy Pandemics and Public Health Policy The Evolution and Future of Public Health

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Book SynopsisThis book analyses how policies to prevent diseases are related to policies aiming to cure illnesses by conducting a comparative historical analysis of Australia, Germany, Switzerland, the UK, and the US. It also demonstrates how the politicization of the medical profession contributes to the success of preventive health policy.Trade Review'Trein's book is a remarkable achievement, stimulating, deeply informed and addressing some of the most vexing issues in the application of institutional/historical frameworks to complex policy developments. From an interest in how policy sectors coordinate well or poorly, Trein treats five country cases as evidence for his view that overall governance arrangements shape whether, in the policy fields of public health and medical care are integrated and cooperative or not. The theory, the applications, and findings make a genuine contribution of the comparative and historical study of health policies, a field much in need of theoretical clarity and accurate cross-national evidence.' Theodore Marmor, Yale University, Connecticut and co-author of Politics, Health, and Health Care'Most studies of health policy focus on the care provided by doctors and hospitals, mostly to patients who are already ill. This excellent book links that type of health policy with preventative health policy in the form of public health. Philipp Trein's book is a very important addition to policy studies, and especially policy studies demonstrating the importance of this linkage, and the ways in which those two complementary dimensions have been linked more or less successfully in a number of countries.' B. Guy Peters, Maurice Falk Professor of Government, University of Pittsburgh'To what extent are health care and public health policy sectors integrated or distinct in modern democratic states? An answer to this question is critical to address the global sanitary challenges of the twenty-first century such as aging, massive global migrations, the emergence of new communicable diseases, and many others that require rapid and coordinated responses from both systems. Anchored in a strong conceptual framework based on institutional and professionalization theory, Trein's detailed analysis of the co-evolution of the two sectors in five countries, provides a compelling argument for their complementarity.' Louise Potvin, Université de Montréal'Cross-sectoral coordination is a salient issue across healthcare systems and is high on current health policy agendas in many countries. Philipp Trein's study of the coevolution of healthcare and public health makes a timely contribution to current health policy debates as well as to the emerging field of the politics of public health. The cross-country comparative approach allows identifying specific institutional conditions for integration, while the historical country case studies provide valuable insights into how the specific mechanisms have evolved. Combined, the study highlights the contingency of cross-sectoral coordination and cautions against any quick-fix solutions.' Viola Burau, Aarhus University, DenmarkTable of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Sectoral coupling of health care and public health; 3. Theoretical priors; 4. Global context and case selection; 5. UK: institutional unification and tight coupling of health care and public health; 6. Australia: politicized professions and tight coupling of health care and public health; 7. Germany: dominance of individual health care and de-coupling from public health; 8. Switzerland: Institutional fragmentation, depoliticized professions, and non-coupling; 9. US: politicized professions and loose coupling of health care and public health; 10. Coevolution of policy sectors. Health care and public health in a comparative perspective.

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Book SynopsisVerified by current World Health Organization and country-specific classifications, this comprehensive single volume effectively engages with the diagnosis and management of viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic diseases that affect women in pregnancy. This comprehensive book provides focused, relevant information on newer viruses causing epidemics, including Dengue, Chikungunya and the Zika virus. With today''s ease of world migration, this text covers infections found in both tropical and temperate climates, highlighting newer and rapid diagnostic methods, particularly for resource-poor settings, and clinicians working in remote and diverse locations. Designed for professionals with busy schedules, this guide provides efficient solutions and relevant information regarding investigation, diagnosis and treatment of common maternal infections, worldwide.Trade Review'The book is concise as well as comprehensive. It deals with almost all of the infections that are commonly encountered, as well as those that are rare but cause concern when encountered.' Bid Kumar, The Obstetrician & GynaecologistTable of ContentsList of contributors; Foreword; Preface; 1. Vaccination in pregnancy Akanksha Sood; 2. Viral hepatitis Rashda Imran; 3. HIV Maimoona Ahmed; 4. Herpes infections Rashda Iman; 5. Zika virus Youssef Abo Elwan; 6. Parvovirus Mohammed Hamed; 7. Influenza Adel Elkady, Prabha Sinha and Soad Hassan; 8. Cytomegalovirus Tarek El Shamy; 9. Dengue fever Adel Elkady, Prabha Sinha and Soad Hassan; 10. Rubella Rania Ahmed Mostafa; 11. Molluscum contagiosum Adel Elkady, Prabha Sinha and Soad Hassan; 12. Ebola Adel Elkady, Prabha Sinha and Soad Hassan; 13. Chikungunya Shabnum Sibtain; 14. Antibiotics during pregnancy and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Adel Elkady, Prabha Sinha and Soad Hassan; 15. Gonorrhea, syphilis and lymphogranuloma venereum Nutan Mishra; 16. Mycoplasma, ureaplasma, chancroid, granuloma inguinale (Donovanosis) Nutan Mishra; 17. Genital Chlamydia trachomatis and bacterial vaginosis Adel Elkady, Prabha Sinha and Soad Hassan; 18. Streptococcal infection Rachana Dwivedi; 19. Enterococci and bacterial infections Varsha S. Puranik; 20. Listeriosis Adel Elkady, Prabha Sinha and Soad Hassan; 21. Urinary tract infection Ashok Kumar; 22. Infections and preterm labour Christine Helmy Samuel Azer; 23. Appendicitis in pregnancy Christine Helmy Samuel Azer; 24. Infectious complications associated with legal termination of pregnancy Christine Helmy Samuel Azer; 25. Tuberculosis Maimoona Ahmed; 26. Vulvo vaginitis, Candida (yeast) infection Adel Elkady, Prabha Sinha and Soad Hassan; 27. Malaria Bhavya Balasubramanya; 28. Parasitic infestation: protozoa Mithila B. Prasad; 29. Puerperal sepsis Christine Helmy Samuel Azer; 30. Puerperal endometritis Christine Helmy Samuel Azer; 31. Puerperal mastitis Christine Helmy Samuel Azer; 32. Breast abscess Christine Helmy Samuel Azer; 33. Pelvic inflammatory disease Ahmed Khalil; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe most comprehensive presentation of transcultural healthcare from two pioneers of the fieldAfter four editions of Leiningerâs Transcultural Nursing, the acclaimed text has been updated and expanded to present a multidisciplinary approach addressed by authors with expertise in nursing, sociology, physical therapy, and medicine. Leiningerâs Transcultural Healthcare: Concepts, Theories, Research & Practice offers the first edition of a comprehensive presentation of transcultural healthcare in global settings, which is applicable to providers, educators and researchers working in varied health care settings with patients and/or clients from diverse cultures and religious backgrounds.                    Readers will find essential healthcare knowledge on the future directions of interdisciplinary collaborative transcultural healthcare practices related to education, policy, patient assessments, and communications. The book offers guidance on interprofessional culturally congruent care practices for diverse groups such as Hindus, Taiwanese, Muslims, and Jehovah's Witnesses. Reflecting on the work of experts and scholarship from various healthcare disciplines, the book includes 25 chapters focused on special topics including but not limited to collaborative care across disciplines, transcultural simulation, aspects of pain, and mental health, as well as culturally congruent translational science and end-of-life care.

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Book SynopsisSince we think university students are the cream of the crop, it is important to ask whether or not they thrive well. To what extent can university students in Hong Kong develop in a holistic manner? How should we nurture university students to become the leaders and talents of tomorrow? Leadership and intrapersonal development are inherent requirements for university students in Hong Kong, transposing as 3-credit courses that each student must complete in order to graduate. To meet this requirement, a subject entitled Tomorrows Leaders was developed and piloted twice during the 2010-2012 academic years, which was offered to over 2,100 students annually. The design of the subject, curriculum materials, reflection of the teachers and evaluation findings in connection with this subject are presented in this book.

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Book SynopsisBariatric surgery (BS) is a set of effective surgical procedures used for weight reduction and improvement of insulin sensitivity in morbidly obese patients, in comparison with non-invasive techniques such as drug treatment or changes in lifestyle. Chapter one discusses the effects of bariatric surgery on weight and diabetes, while Chapter Two focuses on peri, postoperative and late complications. Chapter Three covers Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a disease characterised by abnormal reflux of gastric content and can be non-erosive or erosive, and the efficacy of a dietary compound containing chondroitin sulphate, aluminium hydroxide and hyaluronic acid. Chapter Four covers the role that the Transforming Growth Factor-beta family plays in the lives of metazoans, controlling key physiological processes from embryonic development to adult tissue homeostasis. In Chapter Five, the authors discuss their ongoing study on destroying food proteins that are responsible for allergy by different food processing techniques. Nickel, lead and cadmium are frequently unintentionally added to cosmetics as impurities during manufacturing. Chapter Six proposes an exhaustive focus on what metals are of interest, and what is the state of the art about analytical methodologies suitable to detect these toxic metals in cosmetics and personal care products. Chapter Seven examines the influence friend and family factors have on lifetime e-cigarette use, past year e-cigarette use, and perceptions of trying e-cigarettes soon in a national sample of Hispanic junior high and high school students.

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Book SynopsisThis book tries to give an approach of the implications of crisis, especially in health and social systems. The economic crisis, as a global phenomenon of the first decade of the twentieth century, has had a negative impact on all health and social indicators. Therefore, severe austerity measures and inadequacy of resources can lead to worse health indicators and a lower quality of health services. The ongoing economic crisis has also strongly affected the way EU shapes national welfare state reforms compared to the pre-crisis period, especially in countries that have faced unprecedented economic difficulties, as it is the case with Greece. The crisis has given substance to an old and often hypothetical debate about the financial sustainability of health systems in Europe. There is evidence about how the consequences of economic crisis, such as unemployment, poverty, social exclusion, homelessness, and insecurity have had detrimental effects on peoples health status. Various causes of mortality and morbidity connected to mental health, substance abuse, and infectious disease have been raised. Poor education, social isolation, and poor housing are the key factors responsible for the vulnerability to mental health problems among less privileged individuals. Health status and well-being of the populations worsened. The health sector has to be effective with less resources and a reduced budget. Health professionals are required to work harder in an environment of continuous cuts, with a lack of materials and equipment, to be paid less and at the same time maintain quality standards. Migration is simultaneously a challenge and a motive for humanity to show solidarity to other human beings. Although fear and difficulties may initially create a hostile and fearsome environment for immigrants, deeper cultural characteristics usually bring to the surface actions of true solidarity, something which has been historically true for Greece.

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Book SynopsisA variety of topics are presented in this book that seek to reflect on medical history before and after the golden age of the Medical Renaissance. These topics include newborn care, the story of adolescence, behavioral pediatrics, psychopharmacology, substance abuse, psychodermatology, the story of diabetes mellitus, specific organ systems that range from the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, kidney and the heart in pediatrics, and other motifs. Reflections on adolescence are provided based on societys classic disdain and envy of its youth seen throughout the ages of human life. In this book, the authors include a variety of scholars, who stood on the shoulders of giants and made exponential progress in medicine of their own. Throughout the centuries, from the Mesopotamian masters to present physicians, these giants advanced the field of medicine to represent what has been understood as the standard of current medical care, and perhaps we can learn what it will be like in the future. These esteemed experts learned from the past, made mistakes, exhibited amazing courage, and faced scientific and sometimes sacerdotal criticism. Their courage was astonishing, as many were confronted by minacious, inauspicious, portentous, and unpropitious attacks on their ethics and accomplishments. However, they persisted and were able to develop verifiable data that others could independently substantiate and sometimes improve upon for the benefit of all humans. This book celebrates their astounding, awe-inspiring achievements.

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Book SynopsisAs an objective of human security, it is important to understand the social system and to make more appropriate policies for people based on the bio-psycho-social viewpoint of health advocated by the World Health Organization (WHO). For countries with increasingly large populations of older adults, aging-related disorders cause many social handicaps. A comprehensive approach for integrating not only medical, but also psychosocial and spiritual viewpoints is needed for better health policy planning.During a risky situation such as a major disaster, which can critically affect peoples lives, people should utilize their brains more fully in order to survive; i.e., to understand the situation around them, to make a proper judgment call, and to choose their behaviors. All of these approaches are associated with brain functions. Understanding the situation primarily requires the posterior part of the brain, especially the parietal lobe.Briefly, the occipital, temporal, parietal, and frontal lobes are related to visual, auditory, other sensory, and motor functions, respectively. Each lobe has primary and secondary areas: The former is associated with primary function, whereas the latter is related to association functions, which add meaning to the primary information. In particular, visual and auditory information should be fully integrated to understand the situation and make a judgment call, which is the function of the parietal lobe.Human Security: Social Support for the Health of an Aging Population Based on Geriatric Behavioral Neurology is meant to help readers understand the bio-psycho-social viewpoint and bioethics of social support for elderly people. The second aim is to understand the social support system and Quality of Life (QOL) for handicapped and elderly people. Especially, the long-term care insurance system for elderly people in Japan, which is a well-organized system to support well-being in the elderly, needs to be understood. Also, dementia is one of the important age-related disorders that can affect not only patients themselves, but also their families, community residents, and society. The third objective is to understand dementia and dementing diseases, not only from a medical perspective, but in terms of psychosocial and spiritual aspects. Following the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011, various cases of weakness due to the disaster were analyzed. Most of them were previously assessed as a borderline condition between healthy and dementia. Therefore, it is important to routinely screen community residents for security.All risky situations such as a disaster should be treated internationally. The author recalls that one student told them that the Indonesian government faces difficulties in preparing for a disaster with a unified language. Indeed, more than 700 regional languages are spoken in Indonesias numerous islands. However, disasters do not select a language. The author is certain that there are some lessons from their history that have not been recorded in a common language. It is important to establish a network based not only on local culture and language, but also a global proposal based on a common language.The author hopes that young scientists in the next generation will have an integrated perspective and will apply science to human security worldwide.

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Book SynopsisPublic Health Yearbook 2017 present research on: adolescent alcohol use in the Caribbean region; discussion about how to break the cycle of child and adolescent environmental health disparities affecting development; serious debate about parental refusal of childhood vaccinations; food security; social and health issues surrounding Chinese adolescents; and a world tour of suicide ideation in school-age teenagers. We hope this Yearbook and the research will be of interest to our readers.

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Book SynopsisThe thrust-area of this book is the connection between imperial anxieties and tropical health situations along with intriguing psychological questions involving race, politics, gender, history and colonial modernity. For a long time, the focus has largely been Eurocentric: the effects of European medicine and healthcare policies introduced to the sub-continental colonies have been viewed in relation to the strategies of governing the colonial subjects. David Arnolds Colonising the Body considers the States role in introducing European medicine as instrumental to the British imperial project in India. In literary representations, especially in the Late Victorian and early twentieth century fiction and memoirs by Rudyard Kipling, Philip Meadows Taylor, Flora Annie Steel and George Orwell, we have several pictures of a palliative, medically-oriented imperialism. Waltraud Ernsts Mad Tales of the Raj (1998) and Christiane Hartnacks Psychoanalysis in Colonial India (2001) offer thoughtfully documented analyses of the early developments of psychology and psychotherapy in colonial India. Indian medical historians like Poonam Bala and Projit Mukharji question the tendency of looking at western medicine only in terms of monopoly and power. However, the question of Indianness in psychoanalytic philosophy, trying to understand how the East hopes to locate Western psychoanalysis in a post-therapeutic journey, or how the anti-Oedipal or an-Oedipal manifests itself in Indian cultures of psychoanalysis, still remains an area demanding further attention. The present volume seeks to understand such problems in colonial, medical and psychoanalytic discourses, from perspectives that are broadly interdisciplinary yet chiefly based on literary, historical and cultural studies. Containing fourteen chapters, this book hopes to succeed in exploring the medical and fictional literatures of colonial and postcolonial India, both in English and other Indian languages. The book is divided into such sub-themes as: Psychoanalysis , psychopathology and the aesthetics of malady; Literature, medicine and healthcare in colonial India; Historical Studies; Studies in popular fiction: sensational psychiatry; Medicine, gender and colonial modernity.

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Book SynopsisIn this compilation, the authors propose that strength training is a fundamental part of the aging process to maintain the functionality which is affected in the elderly stage of life. Mode circuit and strength training has been very useful as hey provide variability of movements and promote total body intervention.Next, the authors aim to deliver a descriptive, current-state view of the health situation in the Arab World, including the challenges facing public health within the region. They also provide decision-makers and health policy experts an evidence-based contextual analysis that is driven by needs assessments in the region.The following review focuses on the preclinical therapeutic efficacies of polymers carriers incorporated with antimalarials. These carriers have unique properties such as excellent biodegradability, good biocompatibility, reduced non-toxic effects of the loaded/encapsulated drug and improved drug pharmacokinetics. Incorporating antimalarials onto these carriers can improve their therapeutic outcomes.This collection goes on to review the symptoms, diagnostic approach and treatment options of agammaglobulinemia disorders. Patients with agammablobulinamia usually present with recurrent infections caused by encapsulated bacteria although viral, fungal and parasitic infections can also occur. Diagnosis is initially based upon family/clinical history and physical examination.Another review focuses on clinical studies showing the role that oral magnesium supplementation plays in the improvement of insulin sensitivity. A growing body of evidence from experimental studies shows that hypomagnesemia reduces the tyrosine-kinase activity and autophosphorylation at insulin receptor level, which promotes the aforementioned hypothesis.Pleural effusion occurs when fluid collects in the pleural space, between the parietal and visceral pleura. Many disease processes are associated with pleural effusion, which require physicians to be familiar with its causes, diagnosis, and management. The authors propose that pleural fluid procalcitonin has been shown to be a useful bio-marker for diagnosing a bacterial parapneumonic pleural effusion.Later, a patient with elevated CPK and evidence for prevention of exercise induced rhabdomyolysis is presented. Rhabdomyolysis may present as muscle aches that may not necessitate a visit to the physician, but in some cases it may be fatal. Thus, physicians must always inquire about participation in exercise and counsel athletes and trainers.In the concluding chapter, the authors showcase how to use stereo digital displays for the diagnosis and treatment of amblyopia. In recent years, stereo digital displays have been introduced to provide 3D illusions. Usually they are used for recreational purposes, but theunderlying idea can be applied to the medical field.

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Book SynopsisObesity is a major risk for both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally, and evidence suggests that the situation is likely to get worse in both developed and developing countries. It is considered to be a predisposing factor for several chronic diseases which include CVD, ischemic stroke, hypertension, T2DM, vascular dysfunction, and proinflammatory and prothrombotic state. This is where Syndrome X intersects with obesity and plays the role of a common denominator for CVD and T2DM. Persons with Syndrome X are more susceptible to CVD & T2DM.It is particularly relevant to recognize that variation in disease susceptibility among individuals in the population at large is a consequence of the intersection of the distribution of genotypes with the distribution of past environmental exposures and future environmental trajectories. For instance, many individuals who have a genotype that is found in those with disease will remain healthy because of the compensatory effects of a different environmental history on the same initial conditions. Similarly, individuals who do not have a high risk genotype may develop a disease of an adverse environmental history. That is, interaction between a particular genotype and particular environmental exposures.In the thrifty genotype hypothesis as proposed by Neel (1962), entire populations have an increased predisposition to T2DM due to genetic selection. They are better adapted to different nutritional circumstances than those they experience today. In the thrifty phenotype hypothesis (also known as Barkers Hypothesis), maladaptive responses occur as a result of environmentally induced alteration of physiology in the early life of the individual. Both hypotheses offer explanations of why the frequency of diabetes and obesity may differ in different populations and why predisposition to diabetes is common, albeit by very different mechanisms. A third hypothesis called the common soil hypothesis as mentioned by Lebovitz (2006) that diabetes and CVD might share an underlying cause(s) is also described. Insulin resistance is central both to the progression from normal glucose tolerance to T2DM and to a constellation of CVD risk factors known as Syndrome X or Metabolic Syndrome. Then there is the epigenome that directly impacts gene expression and can be modified by both genetic and environmental factors. It is the potentially heritable changes in gene expression that does not involve changes to the underlying DNA sequences a change in phenotype without a change in genotype. The epigenoytpe is dynamic and varies over time and tissues as a result of environmental exposure, aging, and diseases and other factors.The present book is an assembly of the vast knowledge that has been generated over the last decade worldwide in the field of obesity and metabolic syndrome related disorders, and an attempt to translate research findings into a clinically useful tool for better diagnosis, intervention, and prevention of this global public health burden. We hope this book will not only expand the practice in the coming years, but that it will create new avenues for future research as well.

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Book SynopsisSakkiya is a Hausa word, which has its origin from the Hausa culture, and it means the act of using hot pointed metallic tip to puncture bodily swelling with the aim of achieving a curative effect. The Hausa culture is one of the three most popular cultures in Nigeria. The Hausas are predominantly located in the northwestern geopolitical zone of Nigeria, predominantly working as farmers. The majority of the Hausa people practice the Islamic religion. Encounters from the medical setting with cases of complications arising from failure of Sakkiya treatment, where some patients did not survive this treatment made investigation into this form of alternative medicine a paramount issue. In order to fill the void of information and literature on Sakkiya treatment, the authors embarked on a literature search and field studies resulting in this book. The authors found a lack of historical evidence concerning the old traditional Sakkiya practice, and therefore urge archaeologists, anthropologists, sociologists and historians to investigate into the historical evolution of Sakkiya practice in northern Nigeria.Kehinde Kanmodi, BDS, ACIPM, AISQEM is a dental surgeon, lecturer, multidisciplinary researcher, and manager affiliated with Cephas Health Research Initiative Inc, Ibadan (head office), Community Health Officers Training Programme, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, National Teachers Institute, Department of Political Science of the National Open University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigerian Institute of Management, Abuja, Chartered Institute of Project Management, Lagos, and Dental Clinic, Kebbi Medical Centre, Kalgo, Nigeria.Joav Merrick, MD, MMedSci, DMSc, born and educated in Denmark is professor of pediatrics, child health and human development affiliated with the Division of Pediatrics, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Mt Scopus Campus, Jerusalem, Israel, Kentucky Childrens Hospital, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States and professor of public health at the Center for Healthy Development, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, United States, the former medical director of the Division for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Ministry of Social Affairs and Social Services, Jerusalem and the founder and director of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in Israel.

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Book SynopsisAscites is a pathological accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity. Clinical manifestations largely depend on the volume accumulated, so ascites may present as a radiological finding or as an evident increase of abdominal perimeter. Advances in Health and Disease. Volume 9 opens with a discussion of the indications for paracentesis, an invasive procedure consisting of the extraction of ascitic fluid through percutaneous puncture of the abdominal wall, as well as techniques for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, prophylactic considerations in order to minimize complications and alternative strategies. The authors go on to discuss the knowledge provided by scientific research regarding tendon injury, summarizing how to approach injuries of the tendon in a concrete and schematic matter. The goal of the following study is to evaluate pain relief in patients with chronic low back pain and failed back surgery syndrome after a single-shot intrathecal administration of midazolam. The analgesic effect was determined using a patient questionnaire during subsequent visits to the pain therapy service. An additional study is presented in which 38 patients were treated with open reduction internal fixation via a dorsal approach. Clinical assessments included range of motion measurements at the wrist, grip strength, the Quick Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score, and the Gartland and Werley score. Also in this compilation, the authors investigate combinations of methods and resources for a quicker and complete functional recovery. This research included 106 patients divided into two groups (with and without labor activities). 51 patients had a traumatized dominant hand and 47 had a complication of M. Zudeck. The analysis of the results obtained allows for the confirmation of the medical and social effectiveness of the complex Physiotherapeutic Rehabilitation Program. Meckels diverticulum is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract, affecting approximately 2-4% of the population. In the case of bleeding, it is proposed that tagged RBC scintigraphy or angiography could be utilized to determine the source of bleeding and possibly direct the clinician towards the diagnosis of Meckels. The following chapter outlines advances that have been made within the growing field of zebrafish as a model for human diseases and highlights their advantages for drug discovery. Furthermore, the zebrafish in vivo model presents many advantages when used in biotechnology and for food science and technology purposes. A large clutch size, transparent embryos, low-cost, fast growth and easy handling are the main features of this model. Recently, the zebrafish model has been used to study vertebrate development and for modeling human diseases and processes such as oxidative stress, liver damage, inflammation and evaluation of inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The closing experiment was conducted in twenty-six pediatric patients who were given initial doses of continuous infusion of 200 μg/kg/h of midazolam, either from the innovator brand or from the generic brand. The children were monitored for plasma concentrations determined by high performance liquid Chromatography and the sedative effect was measured using a BIS monitor.

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Book SynopsisFor over a decade, Congress and DOD have led a series of efforts to address the governance structure of the Military Health System. In chapter1, GAO examines (1) measures DOD uses to assess the quality of direct and purchased care, and (2) the extent to which DOD has established performance standards related to the measures and corrective action requirements for providers who do not meet those standards. As reported in chapter 2, or more than a decade, partially in response to congressional mandates, DOD has worked to address inefficiencies in the Military Health System to control costs. Chapter 3 examines the military departments planning processes for determining (1) operational medical personnel requirements, including an assessment of the mix of federal civilian, contractor, and active and reserve medical personnel; and (2) the most appropriate workforce mix at MTFs and any challenges in executing their desired workforce mix. The National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for Fiscal Year 2008 directed DOD to conduct surveys of nonenrolled beneficiaries and civilian providers about access to care under the TRICARE Standard and Extra options. It also directed GAO to review the surveys results. Additionally, the NDAA for Fiscal Year 2017 included a provision for GAO to review access to care under TRICARE Extra. Chapter 4 addresses both provisions. The NDAA 2017 made several changes to the TRICARE program, including the establishment of a new preferred provider network health plan option called TRICARE Select. The NDAA 2017 made several changes to the TRICARE program, including the establishment of a new preferred provider network health plan option called TRICARE Select. GAO examined program policies, procedures, and contracts and interviewed DOD officials and TRICARE regional contractors as reported in chapter 5.

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Book SynopsisHygiene: A Manual of Personal and Public Health written by Sir Arthur Newsholme in 1902, is a plain and straightforward account of its subject for the general public and for science students; and to have become a practical guide to sanitary inspectors and to medical students, whether preparing for a diploma in public health, or studying hygiene as an important branch of medicine.

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Book SynopsisBreak the Cycle of Children''s Environmental Health Disparities (BTC) is an annual, collaborative, interdisciplinary research and training program involving university students in academic tracks that focus on the impact of adverse social, economic, and environmental factors on children''s health, development, and education. The target populations are communities where environmental hazards are related to circumstances of social and economic disadvantage. Each student develops a project that focuses on preventing or reducing adverse environmental factors to benefit the children who live in these communities. At the end of the project, the students present their studies and findings at a national conference and write papers that are then published. This book is the result of the 13th BTC projects. The projects cover a range of factors that have an influence on individual, community, and social perspectives. Most importantly, they inform us about children''s environmental health disparities, and propose solutions to reduce and eliminate health disparities in order to promote health equity for all children. The authors also cover a brief history of human habitation and the associated environmental degradation, accompanied by what has been done to address the process. They recommend a constructive approach to breaking the cycle of environmental degradation, moving toward the promise of a positive future for our planet in good ecological balance with health and well-being for generations to come.

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Book SynopsisThe aim of Volume 11 is to provide evidence on the indicators of fluid distribution and cellular integrity evaluated by nioelectrical impedance analysis in athletes of different performance levels and non-athletes. The second chapter presents a specific examination of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor among xenobiotic receptors, with a commentary on the preventive and therapeutic abilities of lignans against various diseases associated with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway, including cancers, teratogenesis, inflammatory bowel diseases, osteoarthritis, metabolic syndrome and diabetes, allergic diseases, autoimmune diseases, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, leukemias and lymphomas. Additionally, the authors discuss scrub typhus, a bacterial disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi (O. tsutsugamushi), and how it is recognized as an important cause of fever in Asia. The objective of the next section is to conduct a literature review to identify key risk factors that contribute to the risk of infection and transmission of disease in residential aged care and community care settings. The indications and complications of surgical management of Choanal atresia will be thoroughly illustrated in the followingchapter, mainly focusing on the role of the transnasal endoscopic approach. Recently, a great deal of emphasis has been placed on the creation of more effective drugs for prevention and management of obesity and obesity-related diseases. The penultimate chapter examines the peptide fraction derived from tissue of Antarctic hydrobiont and how it has beneficial effects on the diet induced obesity in rats through the influence on oxidative status, development of inflammation, and disorders of the serotonergic system, which are considered to be the key pathogenic mechanisms of obesity-associated metabolic disturbances. The focus of the final chapter is to describe the demographic, clinical and microbiological characteristics of S. maltophilia infections in pediatric patients during a two year period (2016 to 2018) in a tertiary-care hospital in southern Brazil.Table of ContentsFor more information, please visit our website at:https://novapublishers.com/shop/advances-in-health-and-disease-volume-11/

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Book SynopsisThe primary goals of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) are to increase access to affordable health insurance for the uninsured and to make health insurance more affordable for those already covered. This book looks at current issues associated with the ACA.Table of ContentsPrefaceThe Patient Protection and Affordable Care Acts (ACAs) Risk Adjustment Program: Frequently Asked Questions (Updated)Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA): Resources for Frequently Asked QuestionsUse of the Annual Appropriations Process to Block Implementation of the Affordable Care Act (FY2011-FY2017)The Affordable Care Acts (ACAs) Employer Shared Responsibility Provisions (ESRP)Legislative Actions to Modify the Affordable Care Act in the 111th-115th CongressesUpdated: District Court Strikes the Individual Mandate and Declares the Affordable Care Act Invalid: What Happened and What Lies Ahead?Updated: Déjá Vu All Over Again: States Renew Constitutional Challenge to the ACAs Individual MandateExamining the Effectiveness of the Individual Mandate under the Affordable Care ActTaxes and Fees Enacted as Part of the Affordable Care ActOverview of the ACA Medicaid ExpansionDepartment of Health and Human Services: Patient Protection and Affordable Care ActHHS Notice of Benefit and Payment Parameters for 2020Index.

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Book SynopsisNew Research on Tobacco summarizes the history of tobacco, providing an overview of the markets, the available products, and manufacturing processes. The authors discuss the current regulatory environment within the U.S., as well as the efforts being made by the Food and Drug Administration to reduce the harm that tobacco products inflict on society. The important discoveries in tobacco research are addressed, and researchers and scientists are encouraged to continue using tobacco as a research tool due to the wealth of existing scientific information about it. The penultimate chapter focuses on electronic nicotine delivery system, also known as vapes, mods, or e-cigarettes, which have become popular over the years. They have tapped into a billion dollar industry and appear to be staying for good in an ever increasing market. The concluding study examines tobacco consumption in India. The findings reveal that the respondents living in rural areas consumed more tobacco than those in urban spaces.Table of ContentsPrefaceTobacco: Past, Present, and FutureTobacco, Its Uses and Relevance in Basic and Applied Sciences: A Comprehensive OverviewElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsAge of Initiation of Tobacco Consumption in India: Evidence from Global Adult Tobacco Survey DataIndex.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1 provides background information on e-cigarettes. Tobacco use among youth and young adults in any form, including e-cigarettes, is not safe. In recent years, e-cigarette use by youth and young adults has increased at an alarming rate. E-cigarettes are now the most commonly used tobacco product among youth in the United States. Chapter 2 highlights the rapidly changing patterns of e-cigarette use among youth and young adults, assesses what we know about the health effects of using these products, and describes strategies that tobacco companies use to recruit our nation's youth and young adults to try and continue using e-cigarettes. It also outlines interventions that can be adopted to minimize the harm these products cause to our nation's youth. Over the last decade, use of electronic cigarettes, known as e-cigarettes, in the United States has grown rapidly as use of traditional cigarettes declined among both adolescents and adults. Most e-cigarettes sold in the United States were thought to be imported, but e-cigarette import volume and tariff revenue were unknown because the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTS) did not contain separate statistical reporting numbers. New statistical reporting numbers went into effect on January 1, 2016. Chapter 3 reports on e-cigarettes imported into the United States in 2016. While chapter 4 reports on e-cigarettes imported into the United States from 2016 through 2018. E-cigarettes are battery-powered devices which simulate tobacco smoking by producing a heated vapor that resembles smoke. A number of explosions and fires have been attributed to e-cigarettes, causing some concern within the fire service community as discussed in chapter 5. Electronic cigarettes, known as "personal vaporizers" (PV) have experienced a significant increase in popularity for those seeking an alternative to smoking traditional tobacco products. The use of the e-cigarettes as an illicit drug delivery device is touted on websites, forums, blogs, and videos describing how best to use them for specific illicit drugs such as tetrahydrocannabinol, methamphetamine, fentanyl, and heroin as reported in chapter 6. Chapters 7 and 8 report on the 2019 outbreak of lung injury associated with e-cigarette use.Table of ContentsPreface; Electronic Cigarettes Whats the Bottom Line?; E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults; Electronic Cigarettes U.S. Imports in 2016; Electronic Cigarettes: U.S. Imports, 2016-2018; Electronic Cigarette Fires and Explosions in the United States 2009-2016; Characterization and Abuse of Electronic Cigarettes: The Efficacy of Personal Vaporizers as an Illicit Drug Delivery System; Outbreak of Lung Injury Associated with E-Cigarette Use, or Vaping; Outbreak of Lung Injury Associated with E-Cigarette Use, or Vaping: Information for Clinicians; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe misdistribution of health manpower is one of the major challenges faced by the Chinese health sector hindering people's access to healthcare. However, this subject remains underexplored, as spatial distribution characteristics have not been fully mapped out, nor have its causes been determined at the macro regional level. To fill this research void, this study aims to conduct sophisticated spatial analyses to examine the characteristics of health manpower distribution and test various determinants of health manpower densities. By introducing spatial techniques, this study sheds light on the distribution of health manpower in China, thus offering invaluable evidence for making national and regional policies to facilitate a more effective distribution of health manpower in China. On the one hand, this study used spatial statistics (space-time scan statistics and Moran's I statistics) to reveal, visualize, and compare the temporal trends, spatio-temporal dynamics, and spatial clustering patterns of different subtypes of health manpower (clinicians, doctors of traditional Chinese medicine, dentists, public health doctors, general practitioners, registered nurses, pharmacists, technologists, and interns) and their total. The results reveal that regional disparities and huge urban-rural imbalances exist in China's health manpower distribution, indicating that some provincial units have been left behind. In addition, spatial distribution characteristics varied across different subtypes of health manpower, which still held with respect to either the urban or rural health manpower distribution. On the other hand, this study theoretically modeled and empirically measured various determinants of health manpower distribution from both the supply and demand sides while taking the spillover effect between adjacent geographical units into consideration. Based on the results of the estimation, the health service demand was, as expected, found to forcefully drive the health manpower distribution across the nation. In light of this, the increase in health services demands in a province could significantly help one unit attract licensed doctors and registered nurses from adjacent units. Unexpectedly but intriguingly, the power of medical education capacity was relatively limited in increasing the health manpower density in local units compared to its spillover effect on neighboring units. In addition, government and social health expenditure played different roles in the health labor market, the former being more effective in increasing the stock of licensed doctors and registered nurses, the latter doing better in attracting dentists and general practitioners. This study has the potential to make profound contributions to the theory and practice of health manpower distribution in China. First, this study advances our understanding of characteristics of health manpower distribution by introducing spatial statistics. By doing so, this study visualizes the detailed spatial distribution characteristics with maps and identifies the priority areas for health manpower allocation in China. Second, this study provides a comprehensive research framework to understand the potential drivers of health manpower distribution, and more importantly, takes spillover effects into consideration and measures them for the first time. Third, this study systematically explores and compares the distribution characteristics and determinants of different subtypes of health manpower, which differ greatly. By exploring both the characteristics and determinants, this study gives a full picture of the health manpower distribution and provides new evidence for making health manpower allocation policies in China.

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Book SynopsisBreak the Cycle of Children's Environmental Health Disparities (BTC) is an annual collaborative interdisciplinary research and training program involving university students in academic tracks that focus on the impact of adverse social, economic and environmental factors on children's health, development and education. The target populations are communities where environmental hazards are related to circumstances of social and economic disadvantage. Each student develops a project that focuses on preventing or reducing adverse environmental factors to benefit the children who live in these communities. At the end of the project, the students present their studies and findings at a national conference and write papers which are then published. The papers in this publication represent the work of students who participated in the 14th Annual Break the Cycle program. The phrase "Break the Cycle" in this context uses the ecological construct of the cycle of environmental health disparities and represents a framework for reducing health disparities and promoting health equity among children who are vulnerable as a consequence of adverse social, economic, environmental and political factors. The student projects are intended to break the cycle and liberate children from the intergenerational cycle of health disparities, so they can grow and develop to their full potential. Through this academic process, the students gain knowledge, insight and skills to enable them to advance in their careers and become future leaders.Table of ContentsFor more information, please visit our website at:https://novapublishers.com/shop/child-environmental-health-disparities-looking-at-the-present-and-facing-the-future/

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Book SynopsisDevelopmental disabilities or neurodevelopmental disabilities (includes intellectual disability) are a diverse group of chronic disorders that begin at anytime during the development process (including conception, birth, and growth) up to 22 years of age and last throughout an individual's lifetime. Major disabilities include intellectual disabilities, learning disabilities, communication disorders, autism spectrum disorders, cerebral palsy, and neural tube defects. We provide an introduction and review epidemiology of major disabilities and have also gathered international research from United States, Australia, Ghana, Jordan, Ireland, Italy and India on various aspects of intellectual and developmental disability, which we hope will be of interest to our readers.Table of ContentsPreface; Introduction; Intellectual, Developmental and Neurodevelopmental Disabilities; A Systematic Literature Review on People with Intellectual Disability and Health; Prevalence Rate of Intellectual Disability among Children in Barwani, India; The Experiences of Caring for Children with Intellectual Disabilities: Perspectives from Selected Special Schools in Ashanti Region of Ghana; The Quality of Life of Normally Achieving and Low-Achieving Participants: Is It Associated with IQ and Metacognition?; How Family Carers Support Profoundly Intellectually Disabled Persons in Decision Making: A Literature Review; Learning, Motor and Mental Health Profiles in Pupils with Borderline Intellectual Functioning and Average Intellectual Functioning; Effects of Social Skills Training Using Teaching Strategies from Applied Behaviour Analysis on the Social Development of Children with Mild and Moderate Intellectual Disabilities; People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Reactions to Donald Trump Winning the 2016 United States Presidential Election; Ability of Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder to Identify Emotions Using Visual and Musical Stimuli; Prolonged Survival in Trisomy 13: Implications for Counseling and Care Planning; About the Editors; About the Center for Children with Chronic Diseases and Down Syndrome Center Jerusalem, Israel, Department of Pediatrics, Mt Scopus Campus, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; About the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Index.

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Book SynopsisA survey of the literature showed that most research studies in children, adolescents and families have been conducted in Western contexts, which may not be applicable to non-Western contexts. Hence, research on children, adolescents and families in non-Western contexts is particularly important and we therefore need to enrich human development and family research in the Chinese context. In this book, we included 16 chapters to demonstrate the advances in Chinese children, adolescents, and family research. And it is our sincere hope that through this book, we can attempt to conduct more empirical studies that can help to promote the research atmosphere and enrich the knowledge of Chinese children, adolescent, and family research in a larger context.Table of ContentsPreface; Introduction; Advances in Chinese Children, Adolescent and Family Research; Reliability and Validity of the Chinese Version of the Psycho-Educational Profile (Third Edition) for Children with Developmental Problems; The Impacts of a UNICEF Health Promotion Project on Primary Health Care in Western China: A Comprehensive Evaluation at Provincial Level; Materialism in Chinese Adolescents in Hong Kong: Profiles and Socio-Demographic Correlates; Materialism and Egocentrism in Chinese Adolescents in Hong Kong: Perceptions of Teachers; Family Mealtime Environment and Child Behavior Outcomes in Chinese Preschool Children; Families in Transition in Hong Kong: Implications to Family Research and Practice; Subjective Outcome Evaluation of the Tin Ka Ping P.A.T.H.S Project in China: View of the Students; Evaluation of the Project P.A.T.H.S in Mainland China: Views of the Program Implementers in Senior High Schools; Evaluation of the Training Program of a Positive Youth Development Program: Tin Ka Ping P.A.T.H.S Project in China; Tin Ka Ping P.A.T.H.S; Evaluation Findings of Tin Ka Ping P.A.T.H.S Project Implemented in Junior Secondary Schools: Implementers Views; Subjective Outcome Evaluation of the Tin Ka Ping P.A.T.H.S Project: Views of Senior Secondary School Students; Implementation of the Tin Ka Pin Project in Two Chinese Cities: Students Subjective Outcome Evaluation; Subjective Outcome Evaluation of a Service Leadership Subject: Findings Based on University Students in Hong Kong; Student Development under a New General Education Program in Hong Kong: A 3-Year Longitudinal Assessment; Promotion of Service Leadership Qualities in Chinese University Students: Objective Outcome Evaluation Based on Six Waves of Data; About the Editors; About the Center for Children with Chronic Diseases and Down Syndrome Center Jerusalem, Israel, Department of Pediatrics, Mt Scopus Campus, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; About the Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Hong Kong; About the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; About the Book Series Public health: Practices, Methods and Policies; Index.

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Book SynopsisData mining refers to the activity of going through big data sets to look for relevant information. As human health care data are the most difficult of all data to collect and their primary direction is the treatment of patients, and secondarily dealing with research, almost the only vindication for collecting medical data is to benefit the disease. All data miners should take into account that Medical Knowledge Extraction is internally connected with the Evidence-Based Medical approach because it uses data for already treated or not patients and there are times that opposites to Guideline Based medical practice. Additonally all researchers should be aware when are dealing with medical databases they may face the possibility that their work will never be accepted or even used from health care professionals if all these obligations will not be correctly addressed from the early beginning. In the present book, one can find after the three introductory chapters, a number of successfully evaluated applications that have been developed after mining approaches in Big or smaller amount (according to the application) of medical Data in different fields of every day clinical practice from teams of experts. The challenging adventure of Medical Knowledge Extraction can be followed by ambitious researchers finally resulting in a successful decision support system, that some times is so novel that it will provide new directions for basic or clinical research further that the existed. At least this procedure will save the experience of the best doctors on duty and will help young residents to be better and better.Table of ContentsFor more information, please visit our website at:https://novapublishers.com/shop/medical-knowledge-extraction-from-big-data/

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Book SynopsisCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory illness that can spread from person to person. The virus that causes COVID-19 is a novel coronavirus that was first identified during an investigation into an outbreak in Wuhan, China. Chapters 1-16 contain information about the science behind the virus, economic implications, global response and public safety. Chapters 17 and 18 access the readiness of the United States Public Health System in response to emerging infectious diseases, pandemics and biological attacks.Table of ContentsFor more information, please visit our website at:https://novapublishers.com/shop/coronavirus-and-u-s-public-health-preparedness/food

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Book SynopsisIn this book we wanted to identify trajectories of health and their associations with lifestyle factors in a national representative cohort study of older Mexicans. We used secondary data from the Study of Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) second wave 2014-15 in Mexico. The average healthy life expectancy of older Mexicans has actually declined over the past decade. Limited access to nutrition resources and unhealthy dietary styles, due to high poverty, have led to increasing chronic diseases like diabetes among older Mexican adults, which in turn create further financial problems as a result of high out-of-pocket expenditure on healthcare. This book deals with angina pectoris, stroke, oral health, eye health, alcohol use, tobacco use, depression, loneliness, arthritis, back pain, obesity, fruit and vegetable consumption, and sleep. We hope that findings from these papers may aid public policy and programmes for older adults in Mexico.Table of ContentsFor more information, please visit our website at:https://novapublishers.com/shop/mexico-health-and-aging/

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Book SynopsisNigeria -- a pluralistic society - is a sub-Saharan Africa country, home to about 200 million people from 371 cultural tribes. All tribes in Nigeria have their specific cultural beliefs and practices. As a matter of fact, many of these practices had been in existence for hundreds of years, even before British colonization (1800-1960). There exists a strong interrelationship between the society and health. Some practices in the society have negative health implications while some do not. Unfortunately, many of the traditional or cultural practices in the Nigerian society have more associated harms than benefits. In this book we have gathered research that describes health and health aspects of modern Nigeria, which we hope will be of interest to the reader.

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Book SynopsisOver the past decade, the regional governments in Grenada and the Caribbean region, together with public health and clinical institutions, have turned their attention to tacking the rising prevalence of non-communicable chronic diseases, in particular, hypertension, diabetes and cancer. The emergence and rising prevalence of these lifestyle diseases are suggestive of a correlation with the cultural transformation that overtook the region. In the first quarter of 2020, the region's health landscape turned another corner with the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Improving the health status of Caribbean populations is at the forefront of the agenda of the regional public health institutions and, in producing this book, we provide support for evidenced-based public health practice in the Caribbean region. We hope readers find the issue informative to understanding the public health situation in the Caribbean and will motivate affirmative action to improve public health.

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Book SynopsisThe Corona hype, the Corona panic, has manifested the common cold as a brand new disease. What we present here is the psychosomatic hypothesis for COVID-19. We are living in a time of change. It is easy to assume that we live in a safe and stabile world, but the Corona COVID-19 pandemic has shown the whole world that this is not the case. Mighty forces changes our way of living, thinking and things changes fast. It is difficult to understand what is happening, for you need to be an expert in many different fields in order to really get it: medicine, economy and politics. You even need psychology, sociology and maybe even consciousness-research to fully comprehend what we are dealing with in the 2019-2020 Corona pandemic. This book tries to give you sufficient background in different areas to at least get an idea of what is happening around us in all parts of the world.

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Book SynopsisA major crisis is happening in the world today. It all started in December 2019, when an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a public health emergency of international concern. Despite all preventive steps taken by government and health agencies, rising death tolls seem inevitable. The confines of social distancing have driven society toward a sudden and rapid change in all aspects of life, and we are forced to embrace this change as the new "normal". Research conducted in these uncertain times allows us to identify, and analyze the challenges to finding effective strategies and solutions. This book provides current theoretical perspectives, studies, practices, and innovations that will contribute to society during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in Southeast Asia and India. The current work can be used as a reliable reference, as rapid circulation of credible information, transparent case identification, data sharing, unhindered communication, and peer-reviewed research are most needed during this period of uncertainty.

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Book SynopsisThis compilation first describes several methods for glycoengineering the COVID-19 virus to present multiple a-gal epitopes for the amplification of a-gal vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infections. Following this, the authors discuss myopia, the most common ocular disorder worldwide. It is the leading cause of visual impairment in children, and its prevalence is increasing rapidly. In closing, the authors analyze the importance of the detection and prevention of wheat stripe rust epidemics in Argentina within the context of an integrated management of the disease.

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Book SynopsisThis book illustrates the use of strategy by national and international groups using fictional case studies. The cases are fictional in the sense that the information provided was not collected using the methodology used for previous case studies about states or groups of states. Instead, the author combined characteristics and information as she saw necessary in order to make the example clear to the reader. The case studies include: an infra-national group strategizing to cope with a phenomenon, an individual, another infra-national group, a supranational group, a government or state, and a group of government or states. It also includes the study of a phenomenon, here COVID-19. The present book also differs from previous case studies to the extent that the various components of the strategy are not clearly identified. This will allow the self-taught strategist to use them to test their own skills at strategic analysis.Table of ContentsPreface; Raising the Question; Strategic Development and Analysis; Strategic Intervention: Making the Best of a Bad Idea; Consumers of Health Services and Poverty; An Infra-national Group Deals with Other Infra-national Groups; An Infra-national Group Deals with a Supranational Group; Two International Organizations Interact; An Infra-national Group Entertains Multilateral Relations; Conclusion; Bibliography; Index; About the Author.

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Book SynopsisThe world is experiencing an unprecedented challenge due to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. In December 2019, a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the cause of a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, a city in the Hubei province of China. It rapidly spread, resulting in an outbreak of COVID-19. Although the majority of the infected individuals exhibit mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment, older people and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer may rapidly progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, coagulation disorders, multi-organ failure, and death. The course of COVID-19 is usually mild in children. However, in rare cases, children can be severely affected, and clinical manifestations may differ from adults. Some children present the multisystem inflammatory syndrome that is similar to incomplete Kawasaki disease or toxic shock syndrome. There is no specific treatment and vaccine for COVID-19. Due to the high infectivity rate of COVID-19, the unexpected and rapid influx of large numbers of patients, especially patients who need intensive care, have caused great pressure on the health care systems worldwide. The worldwide spread of COVID-19 caused fear, anxiety, depression, panic attacks, and a general decrease in overall wellbeing in the population. Healthcare professionals who occupy the front-line during pandemics are at increased risk concerning their physical and mental health. The outbreak of COVID-19 negatively affected all aspects of life including education, trade, and tourism. Our knowledge of this novel virus is limited. However, many ongoing clinical trials are evaluating potential treatments and vaccines. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of COVID-19 will provide important insight into its management and reduce the mortality rate. Based on the latest global scientific data and clinical experiences of the authors, this book gives the readers an overview of COVID-19 pathogenesis and transmission routes, current diagnostic and treatment strategies, the clinical course of the disease in children and elderly patients, the genetic background of differences in the incidence of new SARS-CoV-2 infection, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, antioxidant therapy to limit tissue damage, molecular approaches in COVID-19 treatment, and vaccine studies.Table of ContentsPreface; Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of COVID-19; Transmission of New SARS-CoV-2 and Prevention Strategies; Clinical aspect of COVID-19; Diagnosis of COVID-19; Treatment Options for COVID-19 Patients; Intensive Care Management of COVID-19 Patients; Anatomical Basis of COVID-19 Disease; Genetic background of differences in the incidence of new SARS-CoV-2 infection; The Clinical Course of COVID-19 in Elderly Patients; SARS COV-2 in Pediatric Patients: Hematological Face of the Disease; COVID-19 and Ophthalmology; The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients with Diabetes; The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases; The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases; The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients with Cancer; COVID-19 From General Surgery Perspective; Cytokine Storm and Oxidative Stress in COVID-19; Antioxidant Agents in the Treatment of COVID-19; Vaccine Development Studies for COVID-19; Molecular Approaches in COVID-19 Treatment; Index.

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Book SynopsisVolume 36 focuses on the latest research on medicine and health. The chapters cover managing kidney disease in gout; vancomycin encapsulated in nanocarriers as therapy for infections caused by resistant bacteria; the etiopathogenesis, evaluation and management outcomes for neutropenia; air pollution and bone mineral density and a review of the literature on health care access and health care utilization on infant mortality rates.Table of ContentsPreface; Vancomycin Encapsulated in Nanocarriers as Therapy for Infections Caused by Antibiotic-Resistant Gram-Positive Bacteria; Neutropenia: Etiopathogenesis, Evaluation and Management Outcomes; Potential Infections and Zoonotic Diseases Transmitted by Small Laboratory Mammals; Air Pollution and Bone Mineral Density; Healthcare Access and Utilization and Infant Mortality Rates: A Systematic Review; Managing Kidney Disease in Gout; Index.

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Book SynopsisIn June 2021, new waves of the current COVID-19 pandemic are still messing up our lives and magnetizing the compass of our life. No other epidemics or pandemics have been politicized at such a level since ancient times. The full political spectrum from right to left has tried to ride this pandemic and upset the public health response efforts. Statistics and politics have changed our daily approach to this brutal infection, but even crueler has been the palpable miscommunication. Massive and uncontrolled lockdowns and not climate change are destroying the economy of our planet. Intolerance against vaccine opponents and hesitant families has been vocalized with martial tones in both social media and news channels. In this book, the author analyzes the pandemic in a historical context, emphasizes the importance of facemasks, but also highlights our human approach to anti-mask psychology. It would be appalling to call mistakes in public health decisions "learned lessons" because it reduces the gravity of the consequences of inadequate communication. Our youth is our future. The mental issues arising from a lack of social interaction and in-person education are dreadful. Vaccines are powerful and represent the most outstanding progress in medicine. There is light at the end of the tunnel, but vaccine acceptance or herd immunity is not the answer, or probably, not the only one. There is true hope that we are going back to our world, but the COVID-19 pandemic may be an occasion to reconsider the traditional family in the center of our lives and daily politics. A tolerance towards any race needs to be contagious, militant, and blazing to vehemently rebuild and revitalize the American Dream.Table of ContentsIntroduction; Epidemics & Pandemics; Testing & COVID-19 Natural Immunity; Containment Levels and Preventive Measures; Face-/Head Covering & Faith; Villainy & Anti-Mask Psychology; Rage & Scapegoating; Mental Health and 21st Century Family Challenges; Vaccines & WARP; Vaccines Failure, Hesitancy & Refusal; Mass and Elite Cultures & Tolerance; Solidarity, Social, and Socialism; American Dream; Concluding Remarks.

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Book SynopsisNational Health Care An Annotated Guide To The Current Literature

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