Psychology Books

Book SynopsisWeaving together research, theory, and clinical insights, this book provides a new understanding of the unconscious and its centrality in human functioning.

Read more less

Book SynopsisFrom making everyday decisions to solving complex problems, our ability to understand situations and choose the right actions is at the heart of how society works. But how do we actually process information, and why do we sometimes get it wrong? These are the questions at the core of the dynamic field of cognitive psychology.The new, third edition of Cognitive Psychology is accessible and comprehensive, bridging the gap between everyday experiences and laboratory studies, and striking a balance between research and application. This new edition enables students to not just understand cognitive psychology, but to gain the tools to critically evaluate laboratory studies and to develop a lasting interest in the discipline.Key Features: Expanded coverage of perception and attention and memory Fully updated pedagogy, including When Things Go Wrong and Research Close Up boxes Research Methods boxes to provide extra explanation on specialized methods used in specific areas of research Recent case studies to enhance student understanding and engagement Discussion Questions at the end of every chapter to encourage reflection and critical thinking Chapter links to demonstrate topic connections and signpost readers A retained emphasis on the critical evaluation of research Cognitive Psychology is available as an eBook through McGraw Hillâs Connect® learning platform with AI Reader functionality, alongside a wealth of ready-made course content for teaching, learning, practice and assessment. With a variety of tools to help with course management, insight and tracking, Connect helps faculty and institutions improve student outcomes and deliver courses more efficiently. To learn more, visit mheducation.co.uk/connect.Key Connect® features for this edition include: Writing Assignment prompts to test higher levels of cognitive skills (application, synthesis, and evaluation) on the central ideas discussed in the text Question banks to test understanding of key concepts covered in the book Critical Thinking Assignments enable students to develop a more applied and critical understanding of cognitive psychology Professor Ken Gilhooly is Emeritus Professor of Psychology at the University of Hertfordshire. He previously served as Chair of the Cognitive Section of the British Psychological Society.Professor Fiona Lyddy is based at Maynooth University, where she has held the positions of Head of the Department of Psychology and Dean of the Faculty of Science and Engineering.Professor Frank Pollick is a Professor at the University of Glasgow and previously worked and studied at leading institutions in the USA and Japan.Dr Sandra Buratti is Senior Lecturer in Psychology and holds the position of Deputy Head of the Department of Psychology at the University of Gothenburg.

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book focuses on the latest developments in psychology research. Chapter One analyzes the self-objectification scale. Chapter Two reviews the personal self-determination of high school students. Chapter Three discusses altruism and prosocial behaviors in LGBT older adults, who had encountered adversity and lack of acceptance in society based on their sexual orientation. Chapter Four proposes a conceptual theoretical framework that presents antecedents of consumers desire and engagement in medical tourism practices, as well as outcomes. Chapter Five explores the influence of life-event stressors and perceived stress on the reading performance of college students. Chapter Six investigates the effects of training on knowledge acquisition in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). Chapter Seven provides insight into the intrapersonal dynamics that are associated with the development and continuation of sexually abusive behavior in juveniles. Chapter Eight explores which psychological characteristics play a role in the completion and non-completion of treatment by juvenile sex offenders. Chapter Nine identifies the dispositional antecedents of situational anxiety and explains its subscales effects on prediction performance. Chapter Ten reviews sport psychology service delivery preferences of elite athletes from Malaysia and Australia.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book focuses on the latest developments in psychology research. Chapter One discusses the evolution of morals throughout world history. Chapter Two reviews Vygotskys view on tools, signs and the spoken word, which are elaborated through a comparison of his early anthropological writings with his later works. Chapter Three describes facial emotion recognition in a group of juvenile offenders and compares it with a group of non-offender adolescents, and also determines which emotions were misrecognised and for which one they were misattributed in both groups. Chapter Four examines cumulative family risk and youth adjustment difficulties during early adolescence. Chapter Five reviews a study on the relationship between personality and happiness using a modified version of the Oxford Happiness Inventory and a 20 adjective checklist of personality traits. Chapter Six compares body dissatisfaction among Polish and Japanese women and defines risk factors for body dissatisfaction. Chapter Seven focuses on the adaptive functions of the focusing manner of experiencing. Chapter Eight studies a South African perspective on vicarious traumatisation and the self in professional learning of social work. Chapter Nine reviews literature based on predictors of food cravings, potential health impacts, and treatment options.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book focuses on the latest developments in psychology research. Chapter One reviews the existing literature on executive dysfunction in psychopathy. Chapter Two studies the what, where, and when of consciousness and psychology research. Chapter Three discusses the latest developments in research on standards battles. Chapter Four focuses on using Batik as an innovative teaching technique in group therapy. Chapter Five creates a scale to measure gender microaggressions experienced by women. Chapter Six reviews the role of gender, status and attractiveness in social success. Chapter Seven discusses health locus of control and life perception in parents of children with Leukaemia. Chapter Eight provides academicians and clinicians alike with guiding principles and practices necessary to start-up, as well as sustain, new behavioral health care services for youth. Chapter Nine discusses the increase in crime among the youth in central Ghana. Chapter Ten examines the relationship between coaches and athletes to provide an understanding of the dynamic and the main elements of this interpersonal relationship.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book focuses on the latest developments in psychology research. Chapter One reviews the discourse that emerges from brand marketing. Chapter Two examines the impact of subtle brand prompts on selection during blind taste tests. Chapter Three discusses the issue of psychological development in Vygotsky''s work. Chapter Four reviews a perspective of interpretation in projective drawing methods. Chapter Five discusses the development, criticisms, and current findings of Dual-Process Theory in the decision-making literature. Chapter Six provides an eco-friendly approach to classroom behaviour and development. Chapter Seven examines how children live the transition between elementary school and middle school. Chapter Eight discusses dyslexia and the impact of this disorder on the lives of children and adolescents. Chapter Nine provides a review of the conceptualisation of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and presents current evidence for psychotherapeutic treatment.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book focuses on the latest developments in psychology research. Chapter One reviews literature regarding sleep, nutrition, and weight status, addresses the dearth of research related to the interplay of these topics, and discusses interventions. Chapter Two studies frequent and recent aggression in individuals with high and low trait anger. Chapter Three presents a new, developmentally-oriented and integrative model of the factors that might lead to personality change. Chapter Four focuses on the attentional biases in bipolar depression. Chapter Five reviews recent research about the theoretical basis of attentional training and examines the evidences about its efficacy in the treatment of depression. Chapter Six presents research on the exclusion and inclusion of people with mental suffering in the territorialisation processes of the national politics concerning mental health in Brazil. Chapter Seven discusses discursive strategies in the hands of media manipulators. Chapter Eight examines certain components of environmental psychology and argues that insufficient attention has been paid to their role in the understanding of human wildlife relations, taking the example of El Salvador, in the Meso-American Biodiversity Hotspot.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book focuses on the latest developments in psychology research. In Chapter One, the author argues that teaching psychobiography as a method in universities would be very useful, and that similar idiographic methods are important in psychotherapy research. Chapter Two analyses a comprehensive model for a possible new clinical condition called studyholism. Chapter Three studies student consumer behavior. Chapter Four examines the similarity of parents and teachers ratings on kindergarteners motor functioning with childrens actual motor tasks performances. Chapter Five reviews research advances in forensic assessment and therapeutic intervention, which are two of the most important areas of forensic psychology. Chapter Six explicates the challenges and ethical dilemmas in charting mental health information in electronic records. Chapter Seven examines how different internal and external markers of resiliency affect mental health outcomes after interpersonal violence; namely, posttraumatic stress, emotional dysregulation, and posttraumatic growth. Chapter Eight discusses current theoretical debates about differential diagnosis between bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder, considering the nature of their etiology, the convergence of their clinical features and the treatment implications. Chapter Nine presents three methods of calculating attention bias. Chapter Ten studies the role of consumer regret and cognitive load in online shopping.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book focuses on the latest developments in psychology research. Chapter One reviews job satisfaction and occupational accidents. Chapter Two discusses the concept of creativity in the works of Piaget and Vygotsky. Chapter Three analyses the positivity of anger in relationships. Chapter Four focuses on the connections between early maladaptive schemas and basic personality dimensions, affective attachment styles and empathy. Chapter Five investigates the way in which infant sex may be reflected in spontaneous maternal mind-related comments to young infants in free mother-infant interactions. Chapter Six introduces research on the impact of a child''s disease on the parent-child relationship. Chapter Seven reviews homophobic bullying. Chapter Eight adopts the male perspective to review the variables that predict the role of men as targets and as perpetrators of sexual objectification, as well as the consequences of perpetration of male sexual objectification.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book focuses on the latest developments in psychology research. Chapter One discusses current advances on cognitive rehabilitation in fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome. Chapter Two examines the nature of clinical reasoning in terms of critical thinking. Chapter Three presents some theoretical directions in social psychology that have served as a basis for research into disability. Chapter Four reviews a challenging approach concerning the cognitive strategies used in problem solving situations by boys with and without intellectual disabilities using Markov chains. Chapter Five reviews the advances that have been made in research on callous-unemotional traits. Chapter Six analyzes gender risks in Developmental Coordination Disorder. Chapter Seven provides a complex trait-based approach to the understanding of narcissism. Chapter Eight contributes to a better understanding of the limits of an important group decision model. Chapter Nine highlights and discusses unique challenges to the implementation of advance directives, as well as other issues that may arise during the care of patients with terminal dementia. Chapter Ten provides the reader with a selective overview of the intervention options available in the literature within the last sixteen years for assessing and recovering post-coma persons in a vegetative state. Chapter Eleven concludes with a structural analyses of members'' relationships in a Selective Mutism family.

Read more less

Book SynopsisScholars have suggested that narcissism may be underpinned by feelings of humiliation. It is possible that grandiosity is a coping strategy aimed at avoiding the painful emotional and mental states associated with feeling inadequate. To test this hypothesis, Chapter One assesses the interactions among cognitive avoidance (measured using the Cognitive Avoidance Scale), feelings of humiliation (measured using the Humiliation Inventory) and narcissism (measured using the Narcissism Personality Inventory). Chapter Two examines the potential role of interpersonal problems in the onset and maintenance of PDA as well as the relationship between relational difficulties and cognitive behavioural therapy outcome. Chapter Three analyses whether family stress moderated the relationship between suffering and functional incapacity and which psychological variables discriminated high versus low incapacity in chronic low back patients receiving chiropractic and physiotherapy treatments. In Chapter Four, the authors Online social networking is increasingly utilized as a means of finding sexual partners, and those who endorse the highest sexual risk behaviour are more likely to seek partners online. In Chapter Five, the clinical advantages of using self-hypnosis to initiate and control imaged content that is bidirectionally generated between primary and secondary consciousness is reviewed. And in the final chapter, the authors build on the Cube Model to conceptualise professional competence at various stages of a psychologists career. Applying this model, we explore best practices in training and education for foundational, functional, and continuing competencies.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book focuses on the latest developments in psychology research. Chapter One identifies characteristics of narcissism and its related issues which impair adults mental lives, in particular, focusing on interpersonal relationships. Almost all research has focused on the extent to which identity predicts intergroup discrimination. Chapter Two reverses this trend by focusing on the extent to which discrimination leads to enhanced levels of identity. Chapter Three aims to identify barriers and facilitators affecting the social participation of adults with ASD with a view to improving interventions designed for them. Chapter Four outlines a theory of the social-emotional world implied in the work of C H Cooley and others. In Chapter Five, sexual problems appearing at dependent persons and those entangled in the dependence as well as methods of the therapy work are all presented and discussed. Chapter Six assessed the extent to which an eight-factor model of motives for performing music that was found on a sample of conductors of orchestra may be generalised to another kind of music performers: Singers of Fado. Chapter Seven summarizes known facts on psychological problems in children related to caesarean deliveries on maternal request (CDMR). Chapter Eight examined the effect of Islamophobia and political orientation on perceived threats from Islamic terrorism and on the attitudes about the policy of immigrants exclusion in Switzerland.

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn Advances in Psychology Research. Volume 133, the authors argue potential benefits of information incompleteness as stimuli, made possible by autonomous reduction, for designers creative imagination. This paper reports on a study conducted using a French Rococo clock made in eighteenth century as a prompt. In a subsequent paper, human emotion factors were assessed for a sample of 291 Yoruba-speaking students with a questionnaire administered in Ibadan metropolis. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings for individual happiness, collective identity and sense of connection to others, as well as theoretical implications of these findings for the nature of attitudes, emotions and intergroup relations are explored. Next, several previously research studies regarding the reasons why people commit fraud are examined in order to summarize what research has discovered about the motivations of fraud perpetrators. The authors suggest that the reason is not as simple as greed. This book includes a paper which investigates the effect of Fear of Negative Evaluation on oral performance among third year students of English specialised in Language Science and didactics at Bejaia University. To draw their conclusions, the authors used a mixed-method approach based on both quantitative and qualitative research methods. This compilation also discusses Article 12 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. Article 12 makes explicit reference to childrens right to say what they think about matters relating to the quality of their lives and to have these opinions taken into account in accordance with their levels of competence and maturity. Detailed recommendations for effective culturally relevant policy initiatives and optimal strategies are offered. Going in a different direction, the following chapter discusses how the composition of gut microbiota is dependent upon many factors, including the method of birth delivery, maternal and neonate antibiotic use, diet, genetics, infection, postnatal stress and maternal care, and formula feeding in place of breast-feeding. The authors suggest that targeting the gut microbiota composition as a form of treatment for psychiatric disorders may be the next step in mental health care. After this, a chapter is included which is focused on the relationship between internal auditing, psychology and fraud, which is shown to be an almost empty research and practice field. Therefore, the general role of internal auditing within the corporate governance (in particular, anti-fraud control) and the present level of psychological knowledge among internal auditors are discussed. Recommendations to further strengthen the effectiveness of internal auditing will be given. The final chapter suggests that the behaviour of parents, consciously or unconsciously, can influence their childs expectations, perceptions about their abilities, performance, and duration of participation in sports. Parents can also influence the satisfaction that a child can gain from a particular sport activity.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAntisocial behaviour terrifies most, if not all human beings. This fear leads to various, previously learned ways of trying to defend against it. It often leads to disrespect in relationships and wars between countries. On a professional level, it has given rise to resources such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual to prevent this behaviour. This book uses case studies, client narratives and socio-political examples to show these different forms of defence are often, ironically also the fuel of growing antisocial and prosocial behaviour. Seeing antisocial behaviour as a resource for learning new skills of defence (instead of justification for disrespect), and using it transformatively, could result in different consequences, based on interpersonal, national and international growth. Prevention and transformation of antisocial behaviour depends crucially on our commitment to look critically at ourselves and the work people do so that society can develop a sense of agency. In this book, the author uses examples from a developing country, South Africa (and as it has learned from other countries, particularly the United States), as a microcosm. Its mission over the past twenty-two years has been to transform from a country ravaged by disrespect to one of mutual respect. It has largely failed, not due to lack of intention, but because of not knowing how legacies from the past are persistent in the identity of the country as they are in the identities of people as individuals and in their relationships. Nonetheless, there are instances where lessons from the past have been used to transform the present. This broad analysis of antisocial behaviour in South Africa can be of particular interest not only in this country, but also to other countries plagued by growing levels of crime and violence.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWhile much needs to be done in order to minimize the suicide attempts and suicides of adolescents, the work of Stop Youth Suicide (SYS) campaign and the comprehensive grassroots approach is showing signs of success in the state of Kentucky. The 2013 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) showed that for the first time, indicators of youth suicide in the state are at or below the national average, where they were previously always above. In the three rural counties where the school systems have partnered with SYS and the Division of Adolescent Medicine in Lexington, there is an actual absence of completed suicides compared to the average of three per year prior to this partnership. In order to maintain and improve that statistic, we must ensure that students do not have easy access to weapons, guns and drugs by ensuring that these items are properly stored in homes where children are present. Kentuckys educators must continue to develop ways to provide safe and supportive school environments. In this book, the authors have gathered presentations from the 2017 Annual Stop Youth Suicide Campaign Conference, which we hope will be of interest and help to the readers.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book is a compilation of biographical sketches and research summaries from a number of different focuses in the field of psychology research.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAfter many centuries of study, social scientific researchers in many fields, such as those of human emotion, are still at a loss for even definitions of constructs on which to base explicit theories. In this book, human emotion factors were assessed for a sample of 291 Yoruba-speaking students with a questionnaire administered in Ibadan metropolis. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings for uplifting individual happiness, collective identity and sense of connection to others, as well as theoretical implications of these findings for the nature of attitudes, emotions and intergroup relations are explored. Next, the authors show that heuristics and biases are most likely a heritage from our evolutionary past as they are also detected in non-human primates and observed early in children. The results obtained by running a similar food gambling task with children and individuals of 6 different species of non-human primates are presented, and observed gambling rates were analysed in the different sets of individuals and estimations of different choice theories parameters were run. Risk aversion and loss aversion were detected and measured at various levels in non-human primates and children. The key finding is that cognitive processes in the context of risk are not uniquely human and are based on biologically measurable foundations. Following this, this book reviews problems that researchers face when trying to establish the aggressiveness of computer gamers who engage with violent content during gameplay. When conducting media comparisons, the comparisons are only valid within zones of comparability. Either the level of participants interactivity has to be constant across the media type compared, while the media content varies; or the content of specific media should be kept constant, whereas the level of interactivity with the content then varies. Afterwards, the authors discuss the mushrooming of self-help groups of patients in Germany in the 1970s. Today, these groups are seen as complementary resources for the health care system, in contrast to their perception at the time. In this chapter, the socio-political background for the integration of self-help into the health care system is presented, along with a short history of the research on collaboration in Germany before the concept of self-help friendliness emerged. Additionally research on and practice of the methodical approach of self-help friendliness is presented. The authors go on to present the results of a systematic review of the recent literature regarding the association between birth order and the development of personality. Whether ordinal position between siblings has a further impact on human lives is a question that has interested the scientific community and the general public for decades. The so-called "birth order theory" was formulated by the Austrian psychiatrist Alfred Adler in 1947. He argued that birth order has a profound and lasting effect on psychological development. The objective of the following chapter was to analyze the profile of the sexual aggressor of children and adolescents, according to manifestations of the violence and link with the victims, in a decade (2007-2016). The authors used a cross-sectional study, based on data from the "Police Inquiry Reports; Occurrence Bulletins and Circumstantial Terms to maintain the importance of raising awareness among adolescents and young people and to determine the role of interpersonal relationships, social formation and ties with family members, acquaintances, boyfriends, friends and colleagues. The central goal is to halt the repetition of violent models and prevent the generational transmission of the cycle of victimization-aggression. The findings of an additional study on sexual violence against children and adolescents, whose perpetrators are familiar and some known from the social environment of the victims, point to the need for prevention measures and support to family and social centers. This book reinforces the importance of protection and prevention to encourage anonymous complaints. Next, the authors suggest that examining sexual behavior that differs between men and women is often difficult because treating men and women as different is as much of a problem as treating men and women as being the same. Thus, the authors will present data from multiple studies conducted with groups of college women primarily in the United States over the past 20 years. The studies were published from 1989 to 2010. Beyond documenting that women use a range of tactics that includes coercion and physical force to obtain sex from unwilling men (or men unable to give consent), these studies demonstrate differences in personality, demographics, cultural setting, beliefs, and personal history between women who aggress and those who do not. In the concluding chapter, adults (ages 19-72, M = 47.05 years, n = 235) were given the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-SF, n = 171 scoring 0-5 (normal); n = 27 scoring 6-9 (suggesting depression), and n = 37 scoring 10-15 (almost always indicative of depression) and Palmores (2001) 20-item Ageism Survey. Neither age, gender nor education were related to Ageism Survey items. Increases in probable depression lead to more Ageism Survey items endorsed once or more than once.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book is a compilation of research summaries from a number of different focuses in the field of psychology research.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe opening chapter of Advances in Psychology Research. Volume 135 discusses the impact of parenting a child with special needs on couples'' intimate relationships by integrating three different perspectives on resilience and risk factors. The analysis focuses on the interrelationships between several mediating factors and reveals the complex effect of raising a child with special needs on marital intimacy and quality. Future directions for research and clinical interventions are suggested. The authors evaluate the predictive value of various factors for non-adherence to treatment in order to perform a therapeutic intervention as personalized as possible. The need to carry out psychotherapeutic approaches in order to improve determining aspects in the improvement of adherence to treatment in patients with psychosis is highlighted. The following chapter presents the socio-political background for the integration of self-help into the health care system, a short history of the research on collaboration in Germany before the concept of self-help friendliness emerged and research on and practice of the methodical approach of self-help friendliness. A Cameroonian model for forms of theatre with therapeutic outcomes is described. The authors aim to determine how these participatory approaches of theatre can give rise to a community-based form of therapeutic theatre and the dominant approaches that have therapeutic qualities, can be termed therapeutic and can be used to constitute a community-based approach. The use of the term nature within the social and behavioral sciences has had a consistent deterministic meaning value suggesting mostly genetic attributions. This book proposes that the many uses of the word nature make it into an empty or floating signifier: a rather meaningless and projective tag unless duly qualified. One included study evaluates a new 10-item measure to assess regret as dissonance after sexual encounters; the Sexual Regret Scale. Implications of the new scale are discussed in terms of cognitive dissonance, including how individuals'' sense of self and their actions may have led to an incongruent and negative affect state, thus generating sexual regret. In the final chapter, the authors report 31 comparisons between Kuwaiti and American undergraduate students over a period of twenty years. Their results indicate that Kuwaiti students obtained higher mean scores for depression, obsessivecompulsiveness, hopelessness, pessimism, death obsession, general anxiety, death anxiety, and somatic symptoms, and lower scores for optimism, mental health, happiness, and love of life, as well as an external locus of control and ego-grasping.

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisAdvances in Psychology Research. Volume 139 opens with a review on the application of one version of social learning theory, expectancy theory, to dysfunctional human behavior. The expectancy theory is examined, explaining how individuals tend to choose behaviors for which they expect rewards or reinforcement and avoid behaviors from which they anticipate punishment. A study is presented which demonstrates that heavy media-multitaskers have more efficient task-switching skills and process emotional information differently than light media multitaskers. Following this, to investigate the issues leading parents and children aged 3-7 years to argumentative discussions during mealtimes, a data corpus of 30 video-recorded meals of 10 middle to upper-middle-class Swiss and Italian families with a high socio-cultural level is examined. The pertinent covariates that are considered to predict the abstinence of substance addict rehabilitants are investigated and compared longitudinally. These covariates include: pro-abstinent self-efficacy, psychological distress, and pro-abstinent social networks. The authors discuss different trajectories of panic, including when panic attacks develop into panic disorder. Proposed mechanisms underlying these developmental pathways are discussed, including anxiety sensitivity, distress tolerance, and intolerance of uncertainty. Next, overview of the empirical and theoretical foundations of inhibitory learning is provided. The authors also discuss the clinical implications of inhibitory learning theory and review clinical research examining techniques based on inhibitory learning. The current literature regarding intensive cognitive-behavioral therapy for panic disorders is reviewed in the context of their effectiveness relative to standard delivery formats. This is followed by addressing how intensive treatments uniquely address common barriers to accessing care. This compilation also reviews the results of a complex survey that included the following diagnoses: non-communicable diseases and psychiatric disorders, measurement of intellectual faculties; and interviews regarding people's personal histories and the causes of homelessness in 114 homeless people living in Nagoya city, Japan. The authors describe research-supported ways to promote housing and community integration, as well as research on stigma toward homelessness, including more recent findings that stigma toward homelessness may be decreasing. In the closing study, students wrote their obituaries as part of an in-class project for the death and dying chapter of an aging and adulthood class. Instances of themTable of ContentsPrefaceExpectancy Theory and Addictive BehaviorsMedia Multitasking and Task-Switching Performance for Affective and Non-Affective DecisionsA Qualitative Investigation of the Issues Leading Parents and Children Aged 3-7 Years to Argumentative Discussions during MealtimesEffectiveness of Faith-Based Treatment for Substance Addiction in Hong Kong: A Longitudinal StudyMechanisms Underlying Panic Disorder ComorbidityOptimizing Inhibitory Learning in Treatment of Panic DisorderIntensive Treatments for Panic DisorderMental and Physical Status of Homeless People in JapanHomelessness: Overcoming Stigma and Promoting Community IntegrationAn In-Class Exercise to Increase Death and Dying AwarenessIndex.

Read more less

Book SynopsisUsing cognitive processing and crosslinguistic perspectives, the opening chapter of Advances in Psychology Research. Volume 140 considers the characteristics and needs of Anglophone-struggling readers; teachers' needs in supporting their instruction; and how ongoing Reading Wars divisiveness about word-reading creates the need for research to establish the differing skills and instructional needs of high-progress and low-progress readers. Next, the authors provide an overview of existing literature on the antecedents of peace choices and attitudes to evaluate the peace choice with reference to both top-down and bottom-up cognitive processes. The conclusions are discussed in the light of peace education choices related to both controlled and automatic processes. This collection goes on to analyse factors that affect group decision-making efficiency. The results are discussed assuming the bifurcation parameter as an operative measure of group efficiency and relaying them to the multidimensional theory. The penultimate chapter presents a review of a research program aimed at examining the role that the need for cognitive closure, a motivational tendency to reduce uncertainty, confusion, and ambiguity, plays in multitasking performance, preference, and behavior. The concluding chapter focuses on how, when the forged alliance between client and therapist falls in the gray area, the client can be fully protected and served more so than had the alliance not been considered or rejected out of excess caution.Table of ContentsPrefacePractical School-Level Implications of Cognitive Processing and Cognitive LoadChoose Peace: The Role of Automatic and Controlled Processes in Peace Decision-MakingEffects of Group Size, Task Complexity and Time Pressure on Decision Making EfficiencyDoes Multitasking Require a Flexible Mind? Individual Differences in Need for Cognitive Closure and Multitasking Performance, Preference, and BehaviorHelping the Client Therapeutically and Collaboratively: A Case StudyIndex.

Read more less

Book SynopsisVolume 141 first summarizes the literature on social cognition and its neural correlates in children and adults with ADHD, focusing on emotion recognition, theory of mind, empathy, moral cognition and social decision-making. Following this, the authors explore the environmental/chemical-associated peripheral blood gene expression profiling of autism spectrum disorder, providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms of environmental chemicals on autism spectrum disorder. A quantitative study is conducted to provide empirical evidence of the relationship between altruistic leader behavior and innovation success, using radical innovation as an explanatory variable. In addition, this compilation aims to validate a scale designed to measure authentic moral pride for children aged 10-16. Participants also completed an adaptation of the Empathy Index for Children and Adolescents. The authors go on to analyze three-year productivity data (2014-2016) from clinical psychologists assigned to U.S. Army behavioral health clinics to examine patient care productivity standards. A simple computational model compares standards from the Department of the Army, the Veterans Health Administration, and the Defense Health Agency. The influence of psychosocial and clinical factors, as well as insight, on attitude and adherence to medication in patients with psychosis is explored through a clinical case study. The services available for support and employment opportunities for individuals with serious mental illness are reviewed. Serious mental illness is defined as a diagnosable mental health disorder that "leads to serious functional impairment, which substantially interferes with or limits one or more major life activities". The closing study examines the main characteristics of a male Italian child molester, aged 50 years old, through a semi-structured interview based on the central child molester theories and possible intervention strategiesTable of ContentsPreface; Social Cognition in ADHD: The Hidden Impairments behind Social Interaction Challenges; Chemical Associated Peripheral Blood Gene Expression Profiling of Autism Spectrum Disorders Based on Bioinformatics Analysis; Altruistic Leader Behavior: A Way to Boost Innovation; Validation of the Authentic Moral Pride (AMP) Scale for Children; Examining Psychologist Productivity Standards in the Provision of U.S. Army Behavioral Health Care; Adherence and Attitude to Medication in Patients with Psychosis: A Study of Psychosocial and Clinical Factors and Insight; Support Programs and Employment Opportunities for Individuals with Serious Mental Illness; Child Molester Profile: Theories and Interventions Based on an Italian Case Report; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAt the present stage of development of the higher education system, psychological support of students' professional development is relevant and necessary. It will improve the quality of their training as future specialists. There is a need for a holistic approach to providing psychological support for all participants in the educational process of the University: students, their parents and teachers. There are few scientific publications on modern psychological service in education. First of all, because this topic is more likely applied than theoretical or methodological. However, this book discloses the issues and problems of the theory and methodology of psychological service in educational institutions. The authors of the monograph relied on the model of analysis of mental development proposed by N. Semago and M. Semago, thanks to which it becomes possible to analyze the key moments of changes (transformations) of mental development systematically, distinguishing between "natural" (phenomenological level of research) and "higher" mental formations (causal level). Psychological development of the students' personality in higher schools in the educational environment (E. Ponomareva, O. Rudakova), organization of the university psychological service (L. Bura, Y. Zalevskaya), successful adaptation of high school students as a necessary condition for their acmeological development (L. Bura). In addition, the results of empirical studies on career orientations, (S. Kucherenko, T. Pavluk), attention features (E. Brunner) and value orientations of Internet addicted students (I. Sultanova, O. Shutova) are presented. The chapter about B. Hellinger's systemic constellation as a method of research for an aesthetic object by V. Vynohradov and E. Brunner stands out somewhat separately. A valuable contribution to the practice of organizing a modern psychological service of a higher educational institution with psychological specialties was made by the chapter "Advanced psychodiagnostics of first-year students as a factor in the effectiveness of teaching at a university" (M. Latysheva, E. Brunner). Autors suggests using the technology of deep psychological diagnostics in working with first-year students to carry out a comprehensive assessment of personal characteristics and the actual mental state of each of them. The author recommends using these results to develop a program of individual educational route of the student, and, if necessary, to determine the ways of the most effective corrective work at the initial stage of professionalization. Also the basic components of psychological counseling as one of the important areas of work of practical psychologists are analyzed. The review of theoretical sources on the problem of psychological education in the system of psychological support of students in institutions of higher education is presented. It is concluded that psychological education can be effectively implemented only by being integrated into the general system of the educational process at the University. The importance of psychological correction for students of the specialty "Practical psychology" is emphasized, since it is important to identify their personal problems with the presence of tendencies to psychological death, a sense of inferiority and a tendency to psychological damage. The personal problem is not recognized by the subject, so it is quite difficult to solve it. This is possible with the qualified help of a psychologist who helps to detect the personal problem in its deep psychological essence and transfer it from the implicit level to the explicit one. The subject, as a rule, is aware only of the consequences of having a personal problem (anxiety, tension, increased aggression, etc.), but not its causes. This leads to the fact that many students of the faculty of psychology subconsciously seek rather psychological help, than acquiring professional knowledge and skills in the field. Such people are recommended to undergo psychological correction in full, which optimizes their personal potential. Psychological education is aimed primarily at the formation of the psychological culture of society in general and students in particular. In addition, psychological counseling (I. Erina), psychological education in the system of psychological support of students (G. Grigoryev) and group variant of deep-correction work in the author's version of T. Yatsenko's psychodynamic approach (O. Usatenko, M. Maik) in the system of higher education of Humanities are disclosed in detail. The process of student adaptation in higher education is a process aimed at achieving a dynamic balance between the student and the educational environment. In this process, the student can not only adapt and achieve sustainability, but also be able to unlock their potential and make positive changes in the environment. As a result of an empirical study conducted by S. Kucherenko among students of the Academy of Pedagogy and Humanities, the features of students' career attitudes are clarified. In particular, there was found a low level of orientation to the stability of the place of residence with a high orientation to the stability of the place of work, i.e. a high orientation to building a career in the chosen direction without a desire to work in this region. The algorithm proposed in the study allows to design an individual strategy in the field of career attitudes and expectations of specialists in various fields of training. According to I. Sultanova, a significant part of students with Internet addiction tend to live in the present or yesterday, they have a predominant dissatisfaction with their life in the present and past. Students without Internet addiction are characterized by the presence of certain life orientations, purposefulness, orientation to the present and future. It is also revealed that both groups of students are characterized by fatalism, the belief that a person's life is not subject to conscious control. Thus, the psychological service in education is a practical tool that adapts scientific psychological knowledge to the immediate needs of employees in the field of education and at the same time allows you to solve urgent problems in this area.Table of ContentsPreface; Acmeological Development of a Student at a University: Organization of the University Psychological Service; Acmeological Development of a Student at a University: Psychological and Acmeological Development of the Students Personality in Higher Schools in the Educational Environment; Psychological and Acmeological Development of the Students Personality in Higher Schools in the Educational Environment; Research of the University Psychological Service: Career Anchors of Undergraduates and Students in the Masters Programme in Major in the Conditions of the Higher Education; Research of the University Psychological Service: Peculiarities of Attention Parameters and Their Dynamics in 17-23-Year-Old Female Students; Research of the University Psychological Service: B. Hellingers Systemic Constellation as a Method of Research for an Aesthetic Object in the Process of Studying Art History; Research of the University Psychological Service: Valuable and Semantic Orientations of Students with Internet Addiction; Directions of the University Psychological Service Work: In-Depth Psychological Diagnostics of the 1st Year Students as a Factor of Learning Efficiency in Higher Education; Directions of the University Psychological Service Work: Psychological Counseling as the Basis of Applied Psychologists Activity; Directions of the University Psychological Service Work: Educational Activities in the System of Psychological Support of Higher Education; Directions of the University Psychological Service Work: Possibilities of University Students Deep Psychological Correction; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis manuscript includes all generally used and professional abbreviations and acronyms in Psychology and its branches like Analytical, Clinical, Cognitive, Educational, Emotional, Family, Forensic, General, Human, Individual, Industrial, Sexual, Social, and Sports Psychology and also its related fields of science and practice, for example : Addiction, Behavioral Science, Counseling, Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Hypnosis, Neurology, Neuroscience, Social Work, Psychosomatic Medicine, Mental Health & Hygiene, Sociology and Parapsychology. Geographical Considerations - relevant abbreviations in other European languages and Psychology Abbreviations usually used in English- Speaking Countries - have been added too. It is an extensive Abbreviation Dictionary with thematic classification of about 400 Entries (Chapters). The book also includes an additional section titled " Concise List of Psychology Terms" (Psychological Terminology) at the end of it. The main remarkable and probably innovative specifications of the book are as follows: 1.Comprehensiveness, Breadth and Variety of Content 2.Thematic Classification (based on subjects) 3.Entries (Chapters) in other European Languages and Countries

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisWhile philosophical speculation into the nature and value of emotions is at least as old as the Pre-Socratics, William James’ “What is an emotion?” reinvigorated interest in the question. Coming to grips with James’ proposals, particularly in the light of subsequent concerns for the difficulties inherent in a so-called private language, led philosophers away from analyses centred on feelings to ones centred on thoughts. Analyzing the emotions in this way involves returning to a vision of the emotions that traces its ancestry back to the Stoics, but has proven to be enormously insightful and influential again in modern times. The papers collected here centre on James’ question and often respond explicitly to one another. Together, they provide a sense of what a cognitive view of the emotions maintains, what it denies, and how it has arisen. The connection provides wide-ranging coverage of the point of dispute amongst those impressed by the cognitive approach, and gives a good sense too of the tremendous explanatory power of this view.Trade Review“Stephen Leighton has put together a very helpful collection on the ‘cognitive’ theory of emotion and its various permutations, the objections it has endured, and its alternatives. I recommend it for students and scholars interested in what philosophy has had to say recently about the emotions.” — Robert C. Solomon, The University of Texas at Austin“What sets this collection apart is that it offers a carefully structured and balanced selection of work that lets the reader see the general shape of the field as well as the kinds of detailed argument that make up its several regions. The pieces, by already distinguished authors, are either classics or recent seminal statements of the positions they represent. Thus it is indispensable for any student of the emotions and is possibly the most useful single volume in this field.” — David Pugmire, University of SouthamptonTable of ContentsAcknowledgementsIntroductionBackgroundWhat is an Emotion?William JamesToward a Cognitive Conception of Emotion Emotions and Statements About ThemErrol BedfordA Subjective Theory of the PassionsRobert C. SolomonObjections and Modifications A Case of Mixed Feelings: Ambivalence and the Logic of EmotionPatricia S. GreenspanEmotion, Judgment, and DesireJenefer RobinsonPsychic Feelings: Their Importance and IrreducibilityMichael StockerPhysiological Changes and the EmotionsWilliam LyonsOn Emotions as JudgmentsRobert C. SolomonRelated Approaches The Thesis of ConstructionismClaire Armon: JonesThe Rationality of Emotion, Chapter 7Ronald de SousaReconsidering the Options StartleJenefer RobinsonModularity, and the Psychoevolutionary Theory of EmotionP.E. GriffithsOn Feeling Angry and ElatedStephen LeightonFrom The Therapy of DesireMartha C. NussbaumReferences and Further Readings

Read more less

Book SynopsisA demographic analysis of suicide rates among American and Canadian Indians. Lester examines the validity of statistical information finding a higher suicide incidence than current figures present, discussing general patterns, causes, psychological and sociological factors, suicide rates in differen

Read more less

Book SynopsisAdvances in Psychology Research

Read more less

Book SynopsisDr Leary explores the real issues of our time. Space Migration, Intelligence Increase and Life Extension in this "Manual on the Use of the Human Nervous System According to the Instructions of the Manufacturers". "The Info-Worlds our species will discover, create, explore and inhabit in the immediate future will not be reached from launch pads alone, but also through our personal computer screens."

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe book examines Sigmund Freud''s life and work, and sees tragedy as a concept of central importance in both. Politzer shows how for Freud the tragic experience -- later formulated as the Oedipus complex -- was at the root of the development of human civilization. In the light of this idea he examines Freud''s interpretation of Sophocles, Shakespeare, and Michelangelo''s statue Moses. He also looks at the relationship with Jung in terms of the father-son conflict. A final chapter, designated ''appendix'' portrays the younger generation of the 1970''s ''flower-power'' movement, as a ''post-Oedipal generation''. Politzer''s book is also a celebration of Sigmund Freud as a literary author in his own right.

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less