Description
At the present stage of development of the higher education system, psychological support of students' professional development is relevant and necessary. It will improve the quality of their training as future specialists. There is a need for a holistic approach to providing psychological support for all participants in the educational process of the University: students, their parents and teachers. There are few scientific publications on modern psychological service in education. First of all, because this topic is more likely applied than theoretical or methodological. However, this book discloses the issues and problems of the theory and methodology of psychological service in educational institutions. The authors of the monograph relied on the model of analysis of mental development proposed by N. Semago and M. Semago, thanks to which it becomes possible to analyze the key moments of changes (transformations) of mental development systematically, distinguishing between "natural" (phenomenological level of research) and "higher" mental formations (causal level). Psychological development of the students' personality in higher schools in the educational environment (E. Ponomareva, O. Rudakova), organization of the university psychological service (L. Bura, Y. Zalevskaya), successful adaptation of high school students as a necessary condition for their acmeological development (L. Bura). In addition, the results of empirical studies on career orientations, (S. Kucherenko, T. Pavluk), attention features (E. Brunner) and value orientations of Internet addicted students (I. Sultanova, O. Shutova) are presented. The chapter about B. Hellinger's systemic constellation as a method of research for an aesthetic object by V. Vynohradov and E. Brunner stands out somewhat separately. A valuable contribution to the practice of organizing a modern psychological service of a higher educational institution with psychological specialties was made by the chapter "Advanced psychodiagnostics of first-year students as a factor in the effectiveness of teaching at a university" (M. Latysheva, E. Brunner). Autors suggests using the technology of deep psychological diagnostics in working with first-year students to carry out a comprehensive assessment of personal characteristics and the actual mental state of each of them. The author recommends using these results to develop a program of individual educational route of the student, and, if necessary, to determine the ways of the most effective corrective work at the initial stage of professionalization. Also the basic components of psychological counseling as one of the important areas of work of practical psychologists are analyzed. The review of theoretical sources on the problem of psychological education in the system of psychological support of students in institutions of higher education is presented. It is concluded that psychological education can be effectively implemented only by being integrated into the general system of the educational process at the University. The importance of psychological correction for students of the specialty "Practical psychology" is emphasized, since it is important to identify their personal problems with the presence of tendencies to psychological death, a sense of inferiority and a tendency to psychological damage. The personal problem is not recognized by the subject, so it is quite difficult to solve it. This is possible with the qualified help of a psychologist who helps to detect the personal problem in its deep psychological essence and transfer it from the implicit level to the explicit one. The subject, as a rule, is aware only of the consequences of having a personal problem (anxiety, tension, increased aggression, etc.), but not its causes. This leads to the fact that many students of the faculty of psychology subconsciously seek rather psychological help, than acquiring professional knowledge and skills in the field. Such people are recommended to undergo psychological correction in full, which optimizes their personal potential. Psychological education is aimed primarily at the formation of the psychological culture of society in general and students in particular. In addition, psychological counseling (I. Erina), psychological education in the system of psychological support of students (G. Grigoryev) and group variant of deep-correction work in the author's version of T. Yatsenko's psychodynamic approach (O. Usatenko, M. Maik) in the system of higher education of Humanities are disclosed in detail. The process of student adaptation in higher education is a process aimed at achieving a dynamic balance between the student and the educational environment. In this process, the student can not only adapt and achieve sustainability, but also be able to unlock their potential and make positive changes in the environment. As a result of an empirical study conducted by S. Kucherenko among students of the Academy of Pedagogy and Humanities, the features of students' career attitudes are clarified. In particular, there was found a low level of orientation to the stability of the place of residence with a high orientation to the stability of the place of work, i.e. a high orientation to building a career in the chosen direction without a desire to work in this region. The algorithm proposed in the study allows to design an individual strategy in the field of career attitudes and expectations of specialists in various fields of training. According to I. Sultanova, a significant part of students with Internet addiction tend to live in the present or yesterday, they have a predominant dissatisfaction with their life in the present and past. Students without Internet addiction are characterized by the presence of certain life orientations, purposefulness, orientation to the present and future. It is also revealed that both groups of students are characterized by fatalism, the belief that a person's life is not subject to conscious control. Thus, the psychological service in education is a practical tool that adapts scientific psychological knowledge to the immediate needs of employees in the field of education and at the same time allows you to solve urgent problems in this area.
