Psychological theory Books

Book SynopsisFrom the fundamental processing of human movement, through to the ability to interpret actions, infancy research is only now taking up the challenge of social cognition over a variety of cognitive areas. This special issue covers broad areas of social-cognitive development and builds a cohesive picture of the diversity within this thriving area of developmental psychology. This issue outlines and discusses changes in early development in terms of infant behaviour that may suggest how an infant with limited experience may nonetheless identify and attribute to other humans a privileged social-cognitive status.Table of ContentsSocial Cognition During Infancy (Editorial). T. Farroni, E. Menon, S. Rigato, M. H Johnson, The Perception of Facial Expressions in Newborns. Olinek, D Poulin-Dubois, Imitation of Intentional Actions and Internal State Language in Infancy Predict Preschool Theory of Mind Skills. V. Slaughter, D. Corbett, Differential Copying of Human and Non-human Models at 12 and 18 Months of Age. S. Sirois, I. Jackson, Social Cognition in Infancy: A Critical Review of Research on Higher-order Abilities. C. Theuring, G. Gredebäck, P. Hauf, Object Processing During a Joint Gaze Following Task. B. Elsner, S. Pauen, Social Learning of Artifact Function in 12- and 15-month-olds. V. Reid, T. Striano, The Directed Attention Model of Infant Social Cognition. B. Jovanovic, G. Schwarzer, Infant Perception of the Relative Relevance of Different Manual Actions.

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Book SynopsisThe European Review of Social Psychology is an e-first journal published under the auspices of the European Association of Social Psychology. Visit www.psypress.com/ersp for the journal’s full Aims and Scope.This volume contains reviews of research programs by leading researchers on central topics of social psychology such as attitudes, social projection, social power, coalition formation, inter-group conflict and strategies to reduce prejudice. To give only a few examples, chapters on attitude range from a social identity approach to attitude research (Smith & Hogg) to a review of findings on the relationship between implicit and explicit measures of attitudes and stereotypes based on data from more than 2 million respondents (Nosek and colleagues). Chapters on intergroup conflict range from a review of research on the interindividual-intergroup discontinuity effect (Wildschut & Insko) to presentations of research programs based on two new theoretical approaches, the revised common ingroup identity model (Dovidio and colleagues) and the ingroup projection model (Wenzel, Mummendey and colleagues). Research on the reduction of prejudice through direct and extended cross-group friendship is discussed by Turner, Hewstone and colleagues.Table of ContentsJ. Krueger, From Social Projection to Social Behaviour. B. Nosek, F. Smyth, J. Hansen, T. Devos, N. Lindner, K. Ranganath, C. Tucker Smith, K. Olson, D. Chugh, A. Greenwald, M. Banaji, Pervasiveness and Correlates of Implicit Attitudes and Stereotypes. M. Hogg, J. Smith, Attitudes in Social Context: A Social Identity Perspective. I. Van Beest, E. Van Dijk, Self-interest and Fairness in Coalition Formation: A Social Utility Approach to Understanding Partner Selection and Payoff Allocations in Groups. T. Wildschut, C. Insko, Explanations of Interindividual - Intergroup Discontinuity: A Review of the Evidence. R. Turner, M. Hewstone, A. Voci, S. Paolini, O. Christ, Reducing Prejudice via Direct and Extended Cross-group Friendship. A. Guinote, Behaviour Variability and the Situated Focus Theory of Power. J. Dovidio, S. Gaertner, T. Saguy, Another View of "We": Majority and Minority Group Perspectives on a Common Ingroup Identity. M. Wenzel, A. Mummendey, S. Waldzus, Superordinate Identities and Intergroup Conflict: The Ingroup Projection Model.

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Book SynopsisThe notion that certain mental or physical events can capture attention has been one of the most enduring topics in the study of attention owing to the importance of understanding how goal-directed and stimulus-driven processes interact in perception and cognition. Despite the clear theoretical and applied importance of attentional capture, a broad survey of this field suggests that the term "capture" means different things to different people. In some cases, it refers to covert shifts of spatial attention, in others involuntary saccades, and in still others general disruption of processing by irrelevant stimuli. The properties that elicit "capture" can also range from abruptly onset or moving lights, to discontinuities in textures, to unexpected tones, to emotionally valenced words or pictures, to directional signs and symbols. Attentional capture has been explored in both the spatial and temporal domains as well as the visual and auditory modalities. There are also a number of different theoretical perspectives on the mechanisms underlying "capture" (both functional and neurophysiological) and the level of cognitive control over capture. This special issue provides a sampling of the diversity of approaches, domains, and theoretical perspectives that currently exist in the study of attentional capture. Together, these contributions should help evaluate the degree to which attentional capture represents a unitary construct that reflects fundamental theoretical principles and mechanisms of the mind.Table of ContentsB.S. Gibson, C. Folk, J. Theeuwes, A. Kingstone, Introduction. V. Santangelo, C. Spence, Crossmodal Attentional Capture in an Unspeeded Simultaneity Judgment Task. E.F. Ester, E. Awh, The Processing Locus of Interference from Salient Singleton Distractors. B.S. Gibson, T.A. Bryant, The Identity Intrusion Effect: Attentional Capture or Perceptual Load? S. Forster, N. Lavie, Attentional Capture by Entirely Irrelevant Distractors. C.L. Folk, R.W. Remington, Bottom-up Priming of Top-down Attentional Control Settings. J. Theeuwes, E. Van der Burg, The Role of Cueing in Attentional Capture. J.D. Eastwood, A. Frischen, M. Reynolds, C. Gerritsen, M. Dubins, D. Smilek, Do Emotionally Expressive Faces Automatically Capture Attention? Evidence from Global-local Interference. S.B. Most, J.A. Jungé, Don’t Look Back: Retroactive, Dynamic Costs and Benefits of Emotional Capture. R. Godijn, A.F. Kramer, Oculomotor Capture by Surprising Onsets. G. Horstmann, S.I. Becker, Effects of Stimulus Onset Asynchrony and Display Duration on Implicit and Explicit Measures of Attentional Capture by a Surprising Singleton. C. Owens, B. Spehar, Unique Temporal Change Does Not Account for Attentional Capture by Sudden-onsets. V.M. West, J.B. Hopfinger, Memory’s Grip on Attention: The Influence of Item Memory on the Allocation of Attention. E. Birmingham, W.F. Bischof, A. Kingstone, Gaze Selection in Complex Social Scenes. H. Karacan, M.M. Hayhoe, Is Attention Drawn to Changes in Familiar Scenes? J.R. Brockmole, J.M. Henderson, Prioritizing New Objects for Eye Fixation in Real-World Scenes: Effects of Object-Scene Consistency. G. Kuhn, B.W. Tatler, J.M. Findlay, G.G. Cole, Misdirection in Magic: Implications for the Relationship Between Eye Gaze and Attention.

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Book SynopsisVisual processing acts as a prism, splitting visual information from the retinal image into separately processed features such as color, shape, and orientation. Binding refers to the set of cognitive and neural mechanisms that re-integrate these features to create a holistic representation of the objects in the visual field. The binding problem in vision refers to how this integration is achieved. The binding problem, however, isn’t a singular problem, but a constellation of interrelated problems. The articles in this special issue of Visual Cognition cover three major types of binding, each of which may require a unique solution: The binding of features within objects, the relational binding among objects, and the binding between temporally related events. Within these broad topics, articles consider the role of attention in feature binding, the representation of static and moving multi-feature objects, the binding of objects to scenes, binding processes involved in learning and long-term memory, the development of binding abilities, and binding of information between visual and non-visual memory systems. Rather than disseminate conclusive solutions to these various instantiations of the binding problem, this collection of work describes the current state-of-the science, highlights the interconnections between the binding problems and the approaches taken to solve them, and outlines the critical issues that have yet to be resolved. In this single volume readers will confront work with children, young adults, and patients, and work that uses traditional behavioural measures, eye movement recording, functional imaging, and transcranial magnetic stimulation.Table of ContentsBrockmole, Franconeri, Introduction. Hyun, Woodman, Luck, The Role of Attention in the Binding of Surface Features to Locations. Braet, Humphreys, The Role of Re-entrant Processes in Feature Binding: Evidence from Neuropsychology and TMS on Late Onset Illusory Conjunctions. Fougnie, Marois, Attentive Tracking Disrupts Feature Binding in Visual Working Memory. Oakes, Messenger, Ross-Sheehy, Luck, New Evidence for Rapid Development of Color Location Binding in Infants’ Visual Short-term Memory. Allen, Hitch, Baddeley, Cross-modal Binding and Working Memory. van Rullen, Binding Hardwired vs. On-demand Feature Conjunctions. Hommel, Colzato, When an Object is More Than a Binding of its Features: Evidence for Two Mechanisms of Visual Feature Integration. Alvarez, Thompson, Overwriting and Rebinding: Why Feature-switch Detection Tasks Underestimate the Binding Capacity of Visual Working Memory. Logie, Brockmole, Vandenbroucke, Bound Feature Combinations are Fragile in Visual Short-term Memory But Form the Basis for Long-term Learning. Makovski, Jiang, Feature Binding in Attentive Tracking of Distinct Objects. Mitroff, Arita, Fleck, Staying in Bounds: Contextual Constraints on Object File Coherence. Saiki, Functional Roles of Memory for Feature-location Binding in Event Perception: Investigation with Spatiotemporal Visual Search. Holcombe, The color-motion Binding Asynchrony Results from Overweighting Early Portions of the Color Interval. Ryan, Villate, Building Visual Representations: The Binding of Relative Spatial Relations Across Time. Hollingworth, Two Forms of Scene Memory Guide Visual Search: Memory for General Scene Context and Memory for the Binding of Target Object to Scene Location.

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Book SynopsisThe empirical and theoretical analysis of executive control processes, dormant for many years, has grown to become one of the most fertile areas of research in cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience. Because executive functions are thought to have a pervasive role in maintaining optimal information processing across many processing situations, issues related to executive control cut across many traditional research divides. Unique among many other areas of research in cognition, questions about the influence of ageing have figured prominently in executive control research. There is accumulating evidence of age-related changes in frontal/executive functions. The union of research on executive functioning with research on the cognitive effects of ageing could provide the theoretical framework for understanding the widespread influence of ageing on cognition.This special issue brings together well-known researchers in cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience who approach the question of executive control using a wide range of methods from traditional behavioural studies, quantitative and computational modelling, and functional neuroimaging. The emphasis of these contributions is on a concise overview and integration of relevant theoretical ideas and empirical findings. By bringing together a diverse group of contributors, this special issue can serve researchers and students both as a summary of current research and as a starting point toward further explorations on the relations between executive control and the cognitive influences of ageing.

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Book SynopsisThe European Review of Social Psychology is an annual series that reflects the dynamism of social psychology in Europe and has been widely accepted as one of the major international series in social psychology. The series is open to authors from all nations and its major purpose is to further the international exchange of ideas by providing an outlet for substantial accounts of theoretical and empirical work. However, even though the series is worldwide in terms of the nationality of the authors, it is European in terms of the nationality of the editors who select the contributions and shape the editorial policies. With the help of an editorial board consisting of senior scholars from various European countries, Australasia, and North America, the editors invite outstanding researchers to contribute to these volumes. Invitations are based either on suggestions from editorial board members or made in response to proposals submitted to the editors. The emphasis of these contributions is on critical assessment of major areas of research and of substantial individual programmes of research as well as on topics and initiatives of contemporary interest and originality.Table of ContentsH.P. Erb, A.W. Kruglanski, W. Young Chun, A. Pierro, L. Mannetti, S. Spiegel, Searching for Commonalities in Human Judgment: The Parametric Unimodel and Its Dual Mode Alternatives. P.M. Niedenthal, J.B. Halberstadt, Top-down Influences in Social Perception. B. Major, S.K. McCoy, C.R. Kaiser, W.J. Quinton, Prejudice and Self-esteem: A Transactional Model. M. Schaller, J.H. Park, J. Faulkner, Prehistoric Dangers and Contemporary Prejudices. M. Barreto, N. Ellemers, The Effects of Being Categorised: The Interplay Between Internal and External Social Identities. A.H. Fischer, A.S.R. Manstead, R. Zaalberg, Social Influences on the Emotion Process. J. Jetten, R. Spears, The Divisive Potential of Differences and Similarities: The Role of Intergroup Distinctiveness in Intergroup Differentiation. A. Maass, M. Cadinu, Stereotype Threat: When Minority Members Underperform. C. Stangor, J.K. Swim, G.B. Sechrist, J. DeCoster, K.L. Van Allen, A. Ottenbreit, Ask, Answer and Announce: Three Stages in Perceiving and Responding to Discrimination.

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Book SynopsisIt is widely recognized that visual processes modulate many social interactions. For example, the eye-gaze of another person is a powerful cue to guide attention to a particular part of the visual field. Conversely, a direct gaze may indicate potential threat or the opportunity for a sexual encounter. In addition, the social or affective significance of a stimulus, as well as the mood state of the observer, can have profound effects on basic attentional and perceptual processes. This special issue is aimed at elucidating the role of visual processes in social interactions by linking work on the basic cognitive mechanisms mediating vision with work on the social and emotional context in which the processing takes place.Table of Contents1. E. Fox, The Role of Visual Processes in Modulating Social Interactions. 2. M.G. Calvo, F. Esteves, Detection of Emotional Faces: Low Perceptual Threshold and Wide Attentional Span. 3. M.A. Williams, S.A. Moss, J.L. Bradshaw, J.B. Mattingley, Look at me, I'm Smiling: Visual Search for Threatening and Non-threatening Facial Expressions 4. D. Lundqvist, A. Öhman, Emotion Regulates Attention: The Relation between Facial Configurations, Facial Emotion and Visual Attention. 5. P. Vuilleumier, N. George, V. Lister, J. Armony, J. Driver, Effects of Perceived Mutual Gaze and Gender on Face Processing and Recognition Memory. 6. J. Seyama, R.S. Nagayama, The Effect of Torso Direction on the Judgment of Eye Direction. 7. J.K. Hietanen, K. Yrttimaa, Where a Person with a Squint is Actually Looking: Gaze Cued Orienting by Crooked Eyes. 8. A. Senju, T. Hasegawa, Direct Gaze Captures Visuospatial Attention. 9. G.A. Georgiou, C. Bleakley, J. Hayward, R. Russo, K. Dutton, S. Eltiti, E. Fox Focusing on Fear: Attentional Disengagement from Emotional Faces.10. J.D. Eastwood, D. Smilek, J.M. Oakman, P. Farvolden, M. van Ameringen, C. Mancini, P.M. Merikle, Individuals with Social Phobia are Biased to Become Aware of Negative Faces. 11. P.J. Barnard, C. Ramponi, G. Battye, B. Mackintosh, Anxiety and the Deployment of Visual Attention over Time 12. I.M. Santos, A.W. Young, Exploring the Perception of Social Characteristics in Faces Using the Isolation Effect. 13. G.W. Humphreys, J. Hodsoll, C. Campbell, Attending but not Seeing: The 'Other Race Effect' in Face and Person Perception Studied through Change Blindness

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Book SynopsisIt has been repeatedly demonstrated that depression and reported history of trauma are associated with a difficulty in retrieving specific autobiographical memories, a phenomenon called overgeneral memory (Williams & Broadbent, 1986). Over the past twenty years there has been a stimulating progression in knowledge in this field, and it is clear that the topic has a considerable level of importance, both from a theoretical and clinical perspective. This Special Issue is intended to further advance this field which lies at the heart of the cognition-emotion interface. Papers published in this Issue address key issues relating to the underlying mechanisms and aetiology of overgeneral autobiographical memory, providing a state-of-the-art and pushing the field forward. Table of ContentsRegular Articles. P.J. Barnard, E.R. Watkins, C. Ramponi, Reducing Specificity of Autobiographical Memory in Non-clinical Participants: the Role of Rumination and Schematic Models. J.M.G. Williams, S. Chan, C. Crane, T. Barnhofer, Retrieval of Autobiographical Memories: the Mechanisms and Consequences of Truncated Search. J.E. Roberts, E.L. Carlos, T.B. Kashdan, The Impact of Depressive Symptoms, Self-esteem and Neuroticism on Trajectories of Overgeneral Autobiographical Memory over Repeated Trials. F. Raes, D. Hermans, J.M.G. Williams, P. Eelen, Reduced Autobiographical Memory Specificity and Affect Regulation. I. Wessel, B.J.A. Hauer, Retrieval-Induced Forgetting of Autobiographical Memory Details. I.P. Kremers, P.H. Spinhoven, A.J.W. Van der Does, R. Van Dyck, Autobiographical Memory in Depressed and Non-depressed Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder after Long-term Psychotherapy. W. Kuyken, R. Howell, Facets of Autobiographical Memory in Adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder and never Depressed Controls. L.E. Drummond, B. Dritschel, A. Astell, R.E. O’ Carroll, T. Dalgleish, Effects of Age, Dysphoria and Emotion-focusing on Autobiographical Memory Specificity in Children. Brief Reports. K. Rekart, S. Mineka, R.E. Zinbarg, Autobiographical Memory in Dysphoric and Non-dysphoric College Students Using a Computerized Version of the AMT. M.M. Leibetseder, R.R. Rohrer, H.F. Mackinger, R.R. Fartacek, Suicide Attempts: Patients with and without an Affective Disorder show Impaired Autobiographical Memory Specificity. R.J. McNally, S.A. Clancy, H.M. Barrett, H.A. Parker, C.S. Ristuccia, C.A. Perlman, Autobiographical Memory Specificity in Adults Reporting Repressed, Recovered, or Continuous Memories of Childhood Sexual Abuse. N. Wood, C.R. Brewin, H.J. McLeod, Autobiographical Memory Deficits in Schizophrenia. Invited Paper. J.M.G. Williams, Capture and Rumination, Functional Avoidance and Executive Control (CaRFAX): Three Processes that Underlie Over-general Memory.

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Book SynopsisThe current volume, a special issue of Visual Cognition, brings together an eclectic group of investigators, all of whom study critical issues in the perception of true real-world scenes. Topics include the rapid acquisition of scene gist; scene recognition; spatial layout and spatial scale; distance perception in scenes; updating of scene views over time; visual search for meaningful objects in scenes; scene context effects on object perception; scene representation in memory; the allocation of attention including eye fixations during scene viewing; and the neural implementation of these representations and processes in the brain. Because the study of real-world scene perception benefits from an interdisciplinary approach, contributors to the volume use a variety of research methods including psychophysical and behavioral techniques, eyetracking, functional neuroimaging (including fMRI and ERP), and mathematical and computational modeling. While much has been learned from studying simplified visual stimuli, many of the articles in this volume make the important point that understanding the functional and neural architectures of the visual system requires studying how that system operates when faced with the types of real-world stimuli that evolution crafted it to handle.Table of ContentsJ.M. Henderson, Introduction to Real-World Scene Perception. G.A. Rousselet, O.R. Joubert, M. Fabre-Thorpe, How Long to get to the "Gist" of Real-world Natural Scenes? V. Goffaux, C. J.A. Mouraux, A. Oliva, P.G. Schyns, B. Rossion, Diagnostic Colors Contribute to the Early Stages of Scene Categorization: Behavioral and Neurophysiological Evidence. L. F.ei-Fei, R. VanRullen, C. Koch, P. Perona, Why does Natural Scene Categorization Require Little Attention? Exploring Attentional Requirements for Natural and Synthetic Stimulilus. E. Özgen, P.T. Sowden, P.G. Schyns, C. Daoutis, Top-down Attentional Modulation of Spatial Frequency Processing in Scene Perception. M. McCotter, F. Gosselin, P. Sowden, P. Schyns, The Use of Visual Information in Natural Scenes. R.A. Epstein, The Cortical Basis of Visual Scene Processing. D.A. Gajewski, J.M. Henderson,Minimal Use of Working Memory in a Scene Comparison Task. A. Hollingworth , Memory for Object Position in Natural Scenes. M.S. Castelhano, J.M. Henderson, Incidental Visual Memory for Objects in Scenes. M.P. Munger, T. Ryan Owens, J.E. Conway, Are Boundary Extension and Representational Momentum Related? L.C. Loschky, G.W. McConkie, J. Yang, M.E. Miller, The Limits of Visual Resolution in Natural Scene Viewing. L. Itti, Quantifying the Contribution of Low-level Saliency to Human Eye Movements in Dynamic Scenes. E. Walter, P. Dassonville, Semantic Guidance of Attention within Natural Scenes. S. Forti, G.W. Humphreys, D.G. Watson, Eye Movements in Search in Visual Neglect. F.H. Hamker, A Computational Model of Visual Stability and Change Detection During Eye Movements in Real World Scenes. G.L. Dueker, A. Needham, Infants' Object Category Formation and Use: Real-world Context Effects on Category Use in Object Processing. B.C. Hansen, E.A. Essock, Influence of Scale and Orientation on the Visual Perception of Natural Scenes. R. Ni, M.L. Braunstein, G.J. Andersen, Distance Perception from Motion Parallax and Ground Contact.

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Book SynopsisWhile it is commonly accepted that structures in the medial temporal lobe play a critical role in memory, current theories disagree on three fundamental issues: (a) the extent to which different regions within the medial temporal lobe can be functionally dissociated; (b) whether structures within the medial temporal lobe are specialised for memory processing or play an additional role in perception; and (c) whether there is support for functional homology across species. To address these controversial questions, this Special Issue brings together researchers working on memory and perception in the medial temporal lobe and asks whether there is evidence for similar functional dissociations across species. The papers reported here include lesion and early gene imaging in rats, electrophysiological and lesion studies in nonhuman primates, lesion and functional neuroimaging in human participants, as well as touching on computational modelling approaches. Pulling together these methodological diverse contributions, a final chapter highlights the main consistencies and discrepancies with respect the three issues under debate, as well as providing future directions for research in this area. The Special Issue highlights how a cross-disciplinary approach to neuroscientific research can yield powerful converging evidence and help resolve controversies that may seen to exist across methodologies and/or species.Table of ContentsK.S. Graham, D. Gaffan, The Role of the Medial Temporal Lobe in Memory and Perception: Evidence from Rats, Nonhuman Primates and Humans. M. J. Eacott and E. A. Gaffan, The Roles of the Perirhinal Cortex, Postrhinal Cortex and the Fornix in Memory for Objects, Contexts and Events in the Rat. J.P. Aggleton, M.W. Brown, Contrasting Hippocampal and Perirhinal Cortex Function Using Immediate Early Gene Imaging. E. T. Rolls, L. Franco, and S. M. Stringer, The Perirhinal Cortex and Long-term Familiarity Memory. M.J. Buckley, The Role of the Perirhinal Cortex and Hippocampus in Learning, Memory and Perception. T.J. Bussey, L.M. Saksida, E.A. Murray, The Perceptual-mnemonic/feature Conjunction Model of Perirhinal Cortex Function. R.R. Hampton, Monkey Perirhinal Cortex is Critical for Visual Memory, but not for Visual Perception: Re-examination of the Behavioural Evidence from Monkeys. A.C. H. Lee, M.D. Barense, K.S. Graham, The Contribution of the Human Medial Temporal Lobe to Perception: Bridging the Gap Between Animal and Human Studies. J.S. Holdstock, The Role of the Human Medial Temporal Lobe in Object Recognition and Object Discrimination. R. Henson, A Mini-review of fMRI Studies of Human Medial Temporal Lobe Activity Associated with Recognition Memory. P. Bright, H.E. Moss, E.A. Stamatakis, L.K. Tyler, The Anatomy of Object Processing: The Role of Anteromedial Temporal Cortex. E.A. Murray, K.S. Graham, D. Gaffan, Perirhinal Cortex and its Neighbours in the Medial Temporal Lobe: Contributions to Memory.

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Book SynopsisFirst published in 2012. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

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Book SynopsisThe concept of time is a crucial filter through which we understand any events or phenomena; nothing exists outside of time. It conditions not only the question of ‘when’, but also influences the ‘what, how and why’ of our ideas about management. And yet management scholars have rarely considered this ‘temporal lens’ in understanding how time affects employees at work, or the organizations for which they work.This 2-volume set provides a fresh, temporal perspective on some of the most important and thriving areas in management research today. Volume 1 considers how time impacts the individual, and includes chapters on identity, emotion, motivation, stress and creativity. Volume 2 considers time in context with the organization, exploring a temporal understanding of leadership, HRM, entrepreneurship, teams and cross-cultural issues. There is an overall concern with the practical implications of understanding individuals and organizations within the most relevant timeframes, while the two volumes provide an actionable research agenda for the future. This is a highly significant contribution to management theory and research, and will be important reading for all students and researchers of Organizational Behavior, Organizational Psychology, Occupational Psychology, Business and Management and HRM.Trade Review'Until now, there has been little attention paid to the effects of time on key topics within Organizational Behaviour. This interesting book has been put together by academics with excellent credentials in this area and presents a different way of looking at many organizational topics. As such it is likely to have an impact in terms of stimulating new research in the field, and will appeal to academic researchers in psychology and organizational behaviour. It is also a useful book for graduate students.' - Fiona Jones, Institute of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds, UKTable of Contents1. Time Research in Management: Using Temporal Ambassadors to Translate Ideas into Reality. 2. Becoming: The Interaction of Socialization and Identity in Organizations over Time. 3. Time and Emotions at Work. 4. Time, Performance and Motivation. 5. Temporal Perspectives on Job Stress. 6. An Examination of the Relationship between Time and Creativity: Applying a Temporal Lens to the Study of Creativity. 7. Organizational Justice and Time: A Review of the Literature on Justice Reactions over Time and Directions for Future Research. 8. An Overdue Overhaul: Revamping Work Design Theory from a Time Perspective.

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Book SynopsisReflecting the importance of the self in optimal functioning, a vast literature on the value of different self-processes is accumulating. Individual research reports, however, frequently present a one-sided view, focusing either on the benefits or the liabilities of the self-process under study. A more complete understanding of both the benefits and liabilities of a self-process is essential because it profoundly shapes the conclusions of existing research and directions of future research. To that end, this special issue brings together leading researchers to present their unique perspectives on the benefits and liabilities of the self-process they study.Table of ContentsV.S.Y. Kwan, Lowell Gaertner, Two Sides to Every Self-process: The Pros and the Cons. R.F. Baumeister, J.L. Alquist, Is There a Downside to Good Self-control? R.J. North, W.B. Swann, Jr., Self-verification 360º: Revealing the Light and Dark Sides. M.R. Leary, M. Estrada, A. Batts Allen, The Analogue-I and the Analogue-me: The Avatars of the Self. L. Goorin, G.A. Bonanno, Would you Buy a Used Car From a Self-enhancer? Social Benefits and Illusions in Trait Self-enhancement. V.S.Y. Kwan, L. Kang, N.H.H. Hui, Identifying the Sources of Self-esteem: The Mixed Medley of Benevolence, Merit, and Bias. J.L. Tracy, J.T. Cheng, R.W. Robins, K.H. Trzesniewski, Authentic and Hubristic Pride: The Affective Core of Self-esteem and Narcissism. K. Campbell, S.M. Campbell, On the Self-regulatory Dynamics Created by the Peculiar Benefits and Costs of Narcissism: A Contextual Reinforcement Model and Examination of Leadership. J.D. Green, C. Sedikides, B. Pinter, D.R. Van Tongeren, Two Sides to Self-protection: Self-improvement Strivings and Feedback from Close Relationships Eliminate Mnemic Neglect. J. Crocker, M. Olivier, N. Nuer, Self-image Goals and Compassionate Goals: Costs and Benefits. S.S. Dickerson, T.L. Gruenewald, M.E. Kemeny, Psychobiological Responses to Social Self Threat: Functional or Detrimental? M. Burkley, H. Blanton, The Positive (and Negative) Consequences of Endorsing Negative Self-stereotypes. C. Kan, M. Karasawa, S. Kitayama, Minimalist in Style: Self, Identity, and Well-being in Japan.

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Book SynopsisDeveloped nations are experiencing enormous increases in the number of elderly people in the population. Ageing is a universal complex multifaceted process that profoundly affects mind and brain of all individuals. Important discoveries are being made at different levels of research on cognitive aging: from the molecular/genetic level, to the cell, the network, and the processing of information at the cognitive level. The aim of this special issue is to examine new breakthroughs of the aging mind and brain and how to use this knowledge to promote interdisciplinary research in normal and pathological aging.Table of ContentsS. Ballesteros, L.Goran-Nilsson, P. Lemaire, Ageing, Cognition and Neuroscience: An Introduction. P. Andrés, Equivalent Part Set Cueing Effects in Younger and Older Adults. E.A. Kensinger, C.M. Leclerc, Age-related Changes in the Neural Mechanisms Supporting Emotion Processing and Emotional Memory. W.A. Meijer, R.H.M. de Groot, P.W.M. van Gerven, M.P.J. van Boxtel, J. Jolles, Level of Processing and Reaction Time in Young and Middle-aged Adults and the Effect of Education. A.H. Gutchess, D.C. Park, Effects of Ageing on Associative Memory for Related and Unrelated Pictures. V. Gaillard, A. Destrebecqz, S. Michiels, A. Cleeremans, Effects of Age and Practice in Sequence Learning: A Graded Account of Ageing, Learning, and Control. J. Andoni Duñabeitia, A. Marín, A. Avilés, M. Perea, M. Carreiras, Constituent Priming Effects: Evidence for Preserved Morphological Processing in Healthy Old Readers. A. Pansky, M. Goldsmith, A. Koriat, S. Pearlman-Avnion, Memory Accuracy in Old Age: Cognitive, Metacognitive, and Neurocognitive Determinants. A. McKinlay, J.C. Dalrymple-Alford, R.C. Grace, D. Roger, The Effect of Attentional Set-shifting, Working Memory, and Processing Speed on Pragmatic Language Functioning in Parkinson’s Disease. L. Taconnat, N. Raz, C. Toczé, B. Bouazzaoui, H. Sauzéon, S. Fay, M. Isingrini, Ageing and Organisation Strategies in Free Recall: The Role of Cognitive Flexibility. S. Ballesteros, M. González, J. Mayas, B. García-Rodríguez, J. Manuel Reales, Cross-modal Repetition Priming in Young and Old Adults. E. Nilsson, Å. Wahlin, Diabetes and Elevated Glycosylated Haemoglobin: Episodic Memory and Utilisation of Cognitive Support. B. Olk, A. Kingstone, A New Look at Ageing and Performance in the Antisaccade Task: The Impact of Response Selection. B. García-Rodríguez, H. Ellgring, A. Fusari, A. Frank, The Role of Interference in Identification of Emotional Facial Expressions in Normal Ageing and Dementia. E. Borella, C. Delaloye, T. Lecerf, O. Renaud, A. de Ribaupierre, Do Age Differences Between Young and Older Adults in Inhibitory Tasks Depend on the Degree of Activation of Information?

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Book SynopsisSuccessfully completing many forms of behaviour requires that humans look in the right place at the right time: This has generated a large volume of research aimed at understanding how the eyes are guided. This special issue demonstrates that the decision about where to look involves a large number of factors from low- to high-level constraints. New models of eye guidance are presented, and these offer converging approaches to understanding how we inspect complex scenes. Importantly, this special issue brings together evidence from a range of settings - from static scene viewing to real world environments - in order to fully assess our current understanding of eye guidance in natural scenes.Table of ContentsB.W. Tatler, Current Understanding of Eye Guidance. M. DeAngelus, J.B. Pelz, Top-down Control of Eye Movements: Yarbus Revisited. G. Underwood, T. Foulsham, K. Humphrey, Saliency and Scan Patterns in the Inspection of Real-world Scenes: Eye Movements During Encoding and Recognition. M. Matsukara, J.R. Brockmole, J.M. Henderson, Overt Attentional Prioritization of New Objects and Feature Changes During Real-world Scene Viewing. B.T. Vincent, R. Baddeley, A. Correani, T. Troscianko, U. Leonards, Do We Look at Lights? Using Mixture Modelling to Distinguish Between Low- and High-level Factors in Natural Image Viewing. F. Cristino, R. Baddeley, The Nature of the Visual Representations Involved in Eye Movements When Walking Down the Street. E. Birmingham, W.F. Bischof, A. Kingstone, Get Real! Resolving the Debate About Equivalent Social Stimuli. G. Kuhn, B.W. Tatler, G. Cole, You Look Where I Look! Effect of Gaze Cues on Overt and Covert Attention in Misdirection. K. Ehinger, B. Hidalgo-Sotelo, A. Torralba, A. Oliva, Modeing Search for People in 900 Scenes: A Combined Source Model of Eye Guidance. C. Kanan, M.H. Tong, L. Zhang, G.W. Cottrell, SUN: Top-down Saliency Using Natural Statistics. G.J. Zelinsky, J. Schmidt, An Effect of Referential Scene Constraint on Search Implies Scene Segmentation. B.W. Tatler, B.T. Vincent, The Prominence of Behavioural Biases in Eye Guidance. J.M. Henderson, T.J. Smith, How Are Eye Fixation Durations Controlled during Scene Viewing? Further Evidence from a Scene Onset Delay Paradigm. T.J. Smith, J.M. Henderson, Facilitation of Return during Scene Viewing. S. Pannasch, B.M. Velichkovsky, Distractor Effect and Saccade Amplitudes: Further Evidence on Different Modes of Processing in Free Exploration of Visual Images. B. Marius ‘t Hart, J. Vockeroth, F. Schumann, K. Bartl, E. Schneider, P. König, W. Einhäuser, Gaze Allocation in Natural Stimuli: Comparing Free Exploration to Head-fixed Viewing Conditions. J.A. Droll, M.P. Eckstein, Gaze Control, Change Detection and the Selective Storage of Object Information While Walking in a Real World Environment. D.H. Ballard, M.M. Hayhoe, Modeling the Role of Task in the Control of Gaze.

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Book SynopsisThe purpose of this special issue of Aphasiology is to honour Dr. Audrey Holland and her prolific research and clinical achievements over the past 50 years. The issue has been constructed to exemplify the breadth of Dr. Holland’s influence not only in terms of research topics (e.g., aphasia, dementia, research methodology) but also geographic span, with contributing authors from around the globe. All contributors, some former mentees and others contemporaries and collaborators, have been similarly inspired through their interactions with Dr. Holland to advance the field of neurogenic communication disorders, as is reflected in each of their papers.Table of ContentsL. Murray, Issue Forward: A Tribute to the Quintessential Researcher, Clinician, and Mentor: Audrey Holland. Curriculum Vitae of Dr. Audrey Holland. C. Pound, J.F. Duchan, S. Parr, R. Barrow, S. Byng,Working from a Modus Operandi: Themes, Changes, and Parallels in Research and Clinical Practices. J. Lee, R. Fowler, D. Rodney, L. Cherney, S.L. Small, IMITATE: An Intensive Computer-based Treatment for Aphasia Based on Action Observation and Imitation. A. Basso, "Natural" Conversation: A Treatment for Severe Aphasia. B. Armstrong, A. Ferguson, Language, Meaning, Context, and Functional Communication. L. Worrall, K. Brown, M. Cruice, B. Davidson, D. Hersh, T. Howe, The Evidence for a Life Coaching Approach to Aphasia. G. Youmans, M. Bourgeois, Theory of Mind in Individuals with Alzheimer-type Dementia. A. Kagan, N. Simmons-Mackie, J.B. Gibson, J. Conklin, R.J. Elman, Closing the Evidence, Research and Practice Loop: Examples of Knowledge Transfer and Exchange from the Field of Aphasia.

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Book SynopsisLike all volumes of the European Review of Social Psychology, Volume 20 contains articles written by leading researchers, spanning the field of social psychology. This volume includes several articles that deal with theoretical and empirical research programs on the impact of implicit goals on behaviour. Thus, Veltkamp, Aarts and Custers present a framework for understanding the implicit motivation of behaviour resulting from deprivation and positive affect. Moskowitz and Ignarri review mechanisms of implicit control of stereotypes as an effective way to prevent the influence of stereotypes on judgment. Next, Payne and Bishara discuss the use of formal dual process models in social psychology, with a focus on the Process Dissociation model and related models. These authors use studies of social and affective influences on memory, judgment and decision making to illustrate the utility of these models. Two articles review theories of self-regulation from different perspectives. Fishbach, Zhang and Koo present a research program on the dynamism of self-regulation in a multiple goal context. Alicke and Sedikides review ways in which people pursue self-enhancement and self-protection, and discuss the importance of these two constructs in maintaining psychological and physical well-being. In other contributions, Ruys and Stapel present a new theory of the processing of emotional information; Kruglanski, Dechesne, Orehek and Piero review and conceptually integrate the three separate research programs informed by Kruglanski’s theory of lay epistemics; and Brinol and Petty discuss their theory of self-validation and argue that self-validation processes provide a mechanism for understanding and integrating source effects in attitude changes. Finally, Harris and Fiske show how social neuroscience research can elucidate the phenomenon of dehumanization , contrasting studies on affective and cognitive factors in fully humanized and dehumanized perception, and proposing neural systems potentially involved. The European Review of Social Psychology (ERSP) is an e-first journal published under the auspices of the European Association of Social Psychology. ERSP is an international journal which aims to further the international exchange of ideas by providing an outlet for substantial accounts of theoretical and empirical work, whose origins may be, but need not be, European. The emphasis of these contributions is on substantial individual programmes of research and on critical assessment of major areas of research, as well as on topics and initiatives of contemporary interest and originality.Table of ContentsM.D. Alicke, C. Sedikides, Self-enhancement and Self-protection: What They Are and What They Do. P. Briñol, R.E. Petty, Source Factors in Persuasion: A Self-validation Approach. G.B. Moskowitz, C. Ignarri, Implicit Volition and Stereotype Control. A.W. Kruglanski, M. Dechesne, E. Orehek, A. Pierro, Three Decades of Lay Epistemics: The Why, How, and Who of Knowledge Formation. L.T. Harris, S.T. Fiske, Social Neuroscience Evidence for Dehumanised Perception. K.I. Ruys, D.A. Stapel, The Unconscious Unfolding of Emotions. B.K. Payne, A.J. Bishara, An Integrative Review of Process Dissociation and Related Models in Social Cognition. A. Fishbach, Y. Zhang, M. Koo, The Dynamics of Self-regulation. M. Veltkamp, H. Aarts, R. Custers, Unravelling the Motivational Yarn: A Framework for Understanding the Instigation of Implicitly Motivated Behaviour Resulting from Deprivation and Positive Affect.

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Book SynopsisDoes darkness lead to happiness? Is there corn in the corner? These are questions that make - to some extent - semantically sense, but for researchers interested in the role of morphology in word processing they make morphologically sense as well. This Special Issue on Morphological Processing is based on the 6th MOrphological PROcessing Conference MOPROC, which was organized in Turku, Finland and hosted researchers with a firm interest in questions like these. The special issue contains 13 articles that provide answers from different viewpoints, since it contains research on comprehension, production, and acquisition of morphology. Moreover, the articles present research in a number of languages with fundamentally different morphological systems. Apart from studies in West-Germanic languages (English and Dutch), the special issue contains studies in Romance languages (Spanish and Italian), in languages with very rich inflectional paradigms (Greek, Polish and Finnish) and in languages with non-concatenative morphology (Hebrew and Arabic). Moreover, it contains studies on all three major morphological classes: Inflections, derivations and compounds. Specific questions addressed in the volume deal with the time course with which morphemes come available, what factors facilitate their use, the role of orthographic and semantic transparency in complex word processing and how morphology should be incorporated in models of word processing. The chapters provide a wealth of empirical results obtained with state-of-the-art experimental paradigms. We hope that they will be an inspiration for further studies in morphological processing as much as we - living in Finland - hope that there is happiness in darkness.Table of ContentsJ. Rueckl, A. Rimzhim, On the Interaction of Letter Transpositions and Morphemic Boundaries. J.A. Duñabeitia, M. Carreiras, S. Kinoshita, D. Norris, Is Morpho-Orthographic Decomposition Purely Orthographic? Evidence from Masked Priming in the Same-Different Task. E. Orfanidou, M. Davis, W. Marslen-Wilson, Orthographic and Semantic Opacity in Masked and Delayed Priming: Evidence from Greek. J. Morris, J. Porter, J. Grainger, P. Holcomb, Effects of Lexical Status and Morphological Complexity in Masked Priming: An ERP Study. K. Paterson, A. Alcock, S. Liversedge, Morphological Priming During Reading: Evidence from Eye Movements. S. Boudelaa, W. Marslen-Wilson, Productivity and Priming: Morphemic Decomposition in Arabic. B. Juhasz, R. Berkowitz, Effects of Morphological Families on English Compound Word Recognition: A Multi-Task Investigation. H. Bien, H. Baayen, W. Levelt, Frequency Effects in the Production of Dutch Deverbal Adjectives and Inflected Verbs. A. Deutsch, A. Meir, The Role of the Root Morpheme in Mediating Word Production in Hebrew. M. De Martino, G. Bracco, A. Laudanna, The Activation of Grammatical Gender Information in Processing Italian Nouns. D. Trafficante, S. Marcolini, A. Luci, P. Zoccolotti, C. Burani, How do Roots and Suffixes Influence Reading of Pseudowords? A Study of Young Italian Readers With and Without Dyslexia. E. Kidd, M. Kirjavainen, Investigating the Contribution of Procedural and Declarative Memory to the Acquisition of Past Tense Morphology: Evidence from Finnish. G. Krajewski, A. Theakston, E. Lieven, M. Tomasello, How Polish Children Switch from One Case to Another When Using Novel Nouns: Challenges for Models of Inflectional Morphology.

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Book SynopsisFirst published in 2011. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.Table of ContentsAllen, Lien, Ruthruff, Cognition and Emotion: Neuroscience and Behavioral Perspectives. Dolcos et al., Neural Correlates of Emotion-Cognition Interactions: A Review of Evidence from Brain Imaging Investigations. Shaw et al., Electrophysiological Evidence of Emotion Perception without Central Attention. Noh, Isaacowitz, Age Differences in the Emotional Modulation of Attention: Effects of Own-age versus Other-age Emotional Face Cues on the Alerting and Orienting Networks. Balconi, Frontal Brain Oscillation Modulation in Facial Emotion Comprehension. The Role of Reward and Inhibitory Systems in Subliminal and Supraliminal Processing. Sutton, Altarriba, The Automatic Activation and Perception of Emotion in Word Processing: Evidence from a Modified Dot Probe Paradigm. Nquyen et al., Trustworthiness and Negative Affect Predict Economic Decision-making. Timpe et al., White Matter Integrity, as Measured by Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Distinguishes between Impaired and Unimpaired Older Adult Decision-makers: A Preliminary Investigation. Allen et al., Individual Differences in Positive Affect Moderate Age-related Declines in Episodic Long-term Memory.

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Book SynopsisThis special issue of Neuropsychological Rehabilitation brings together seven newly published studies from a range of invited international researchers in the fields of language and memory disorders and their rehabilitation. The studies address a range of current themes within these fields. Critical consideration is made of the concept of errorless learning in light of the current learning literature by Middleton & Schwartz. Identification of a locus to an errorless learning advantage in non-clinical participants is provided by Anderson and colleagues. Evaluations of errorless learning applied to a range of clinical presentations are provided, including semantic dementia (Jokel & colleagues), anomia in Alzheimer’s disease (Noonan & colleagues), aphasia (Raymer & colleagues; Conroy & Scowcroft) and apraxia of speech (Whiteside & colleagues). The breadth and depth of these studies offers an up-to-date and comprehensive account of research developments in errorless learning and rehabilitation of language and memory impairments. They delineate some of the current critical theoretical-clinical issues through which we might optimise learning and rehabilitative efforts more fully.This book was originally published as a special issue of the journal Neuropsychological Rehabilitation.Table of ContentsP. Conroy, M.A. Lambon Ralph, Introduction: Errorless Learning and Rehabilitation of Language and Memory Impairments. E.L. Middleton, M. Schwartz, Errorless Learning in Cognitive Rehabilitation: A Critical Review. N.D. Anderson, E. Guild et al., Contributions of Frontal and Medial Temporal Lobe Functioning to the Errorless Learning Advantage. R. Jokel, N.D. Anderson, Quest for the Best: Effects of Errorless and Active Encoding on Word Re-learning in Semantic Dementia. K.A. Noonan, L.R. Pryer et al., A Direct Comparison of Errorless and Errorful Therapy for Object Name Relearning in Alzheimer’s Disease. A. Raymer, B. McHose et al., Contrasting Effects of Errorless Naming Treatment and Gestural Facilitation for Word Retrieval in Aphasia. S.P. Whiteside, A.L. Inglis et al., Error Reduction Therapy in Reducing Struggle and Grope Behaviours in Apraxia of Speech. P. Conroy, J. Scowcroft, Decreasing Cues for a Dynamic List of Noun and Verb Naming Targets: A Case-series Aphasia Therapy Study. P. Conroy, M.A. Lambon Ralph, Overview of Special Issue on Errorless Learning and Rehabilitation of Language and Memory Impairments in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation and Ways Forward for Future Research.

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Book SynopsisSpeech recognition in ‘adverse conditions’ has been a familiar area of research in computer science, engineering, and hearing sciences for several decades. In contrast, most psycholinguistic theories of speech recognition are built upon evidence gathered from tasks performed by healthy listeners on carefully recorded speech, in a quiet environment, and under conditions of undivided attention. Building upon the momentum initiated by the Psycholinguistic Approaches to Speech Recognition in Adverse Conditions workshop held in Bristol, UK, in 2010, the aim of this volume is to promote a multi-disciplinary, yet unified approach to the perceptual, cognitive, and neuro-physiological mechanisms underpinning the recognition of degraded speech, variable speech, speech experienced under cognitive load, and speech experienced by theoretically relevant populations. This collection opens with a review of the literature and a formal classification of adverse conditions. The research articles then highlight those adverse conditions with the greatest potential for constraining theory, showing that some speech phenomena often believed to be immutable can be affected by noise, surface variations, or attentional set in ways that will force researchers to rethink their theory. This volume is essential for those interested in speech recognition outside laboratory constraints.Table of Contents1. Speech recognition in adverse conditions: A review Sven L. Mattys, Ann R. Bradlow, Matthew H. Davis and Sophie K. Scott 2. Talker-specific perceptual adaptation during online speech perception Alison M. Trude and Sarah Brown-Schmidt 3. Effects of dialect variation on the semantic predictability benefit Cynthia G. Clopper 4. Word learning under adverse listening conditions: Context-specific recognition Sarah C. Creel, Richard N. Aslin and Michael K. Tanenhaus 5. Familiarisation conditions and the mechanisms that underlie improved recognition of dysarthric speech Stephanie A. Borrie, Megan J. McAuliffe, Julie M. Liss, Cecilia Kirk, Gregory A. O'Beirne and Tim Anderson 6. The effect of energetic and informational masking on the time-course of stream segregation: Evidence that streaming depends on vocal fine structure cues Payam Ezzatian, Liang Li, M. Kathleen Pichora-Fuller and Bruce A. Schneider 7. Speech-in-speech recognition: A training study Kristin J. Van Engen 8. Sentence comprehension in competing speech: Dichotic sentence-word priming reveals hemispheric differences in auditory semantic processing Jennifer Aydelott, Dinah Baer-Henney, Maciej Trzaskowski, Robert Leech and Frederic Dick 9. Brain regions recruited for the effortful comprehension of noise-vocoded words Alexis Hervais-Adelman, Robert P. Carlyon, Ingrid S. Johnsrude and Matthew H. Davis 10. Audiovisual benefit for recognition of speech presented with single-talker noise in older listeners Alexandra Jesse and Esther Janse 11. Sentence comprehension in proficient adult cochlear implant users: On the vulnerability of syntax A. Hahne, A. Wolf, J. Müller, D. Mürbe and A. D. Friederici 12. Increased lexical activation and reduced competition in second-language listening Mirjam Broersma 13. A lexically-biased attentional set compensates for variable speech quality caused by pronunciation variation Mark A. Pitt and Christine M. Szostak 14. Adverse conditions improve distinguishability of auditory, motor and perceptuo-motor theories of speech perception: An exploratory Bayesian modelling study C. Moulin-Frier, R. Laurent, P. Bessière, J. L. Schwartz and J. Diard

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Book SynopsisWhile the notion of generalization fits prominently into cognitive theories of learning, there is surprisingly little research literature that takes an overview of the issue from a broad multifaceted perspective. This volume remedies this by taking a multidisciplinary perspective on generalization of knowledge from several fields associated with Cognitive Science, including Cognitive Neuroscience, Computer Science, Education, Linguistics, Developmental Science, and Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences. Researchers from each perspective explain how their field defines generalization - and what practices, representations, processes, and systems in their field support generalization. They also examine when generalization is detrimental or not needed. A principal aim is the identification of general principles about generalization that can be derived from triangulation across different disciplines and approaches. Collectively, the contributors’ multidisciplinary approaches to generalization provide new insights into this concept that will, in turn, inform future research into theory and application, including tutoring, assistive technology, and endeavors involving collaboration and distributed cognition.Trade Review"This book is an ambitious interdisciplinary undertaking to shed light on an important cognitive process. Never before have biological, developmental, and educational perspectives on knowledge generalization been brought together under one cover. This effort is a model for future interdisciplinary approaches to studying cognition and learning."- Tamara Sumner, Ph.D., Executive Director of Digital Learning Sciences and Associate Professor at the University of Colorado at Boulder, USA"This volume addresses a fundamental question: How do individuals extend what they have learned to novel situations? The scope of the volume is striking, with contributions from cognitive and developmental psychology, cognitive neuroscience, education, and computer science. It is sure to be of interest to scholars across all of the cognitive sciences."- Carol Seger, Ph.D., Colorado State University, USATable of ContentsPreface. Part 1. Cognitive Neuroscience Approaches to Generalization. N.C. Huff, K. LaBar, Generalization and Specialization of Conditioned Learning. R.W. McGugin, J. Tanaka, Transfer and Interference in Perceptual Expertise: When Expertise Helps and When it Hurts. R. Poldrack, V. Carr, K. Foerde, Flexibility and Generalization in Memory Systems. Part 2. Developmental Perspectives on Generalization. L. Gerken, F.K. Balcomb, Three Observations About Infant Generalization and Their Implications for Generalization Mechanisms. A.V. Fisher, Mechanisms of Induction Early in Development. J. Lany, R.L. Gomez, Prior Experience Shapes Abstraction and Generalization in Language Acquisition. Part 3. Representations that Support Generalization. T.L. Griffiths, Bayesian Models as Tools for Exploring Inductive Biases. M. Huenerfauth, Representing American Sign Language Classifier Predicates Using Spatially Parameterized Planning Templates. K. Levering, K.J. Kurtz, Generalization in Higher-order Cognition: Categorization and Analogy as Bridges to Stored Knowledge. Part 4. Educational, Training Approaches to Generalization. A.C. Graesser, D. Lin, S. D’Mello, Computer Learning Environments with Agents that Support Deep Comprehension and Collaborative Learning. R. Hall, K. Wieckert, K. Wright, How Does Cognition Get Distributed? Case Studies of Making Concepts General in Technical and Scientific Work. C.K. Thompson, Generalization in Language Learning: the Role of Structural Complexity. Part 5. Technological Approaches to Generalization. J. McGrenere, A. Bunt, L. Findlater, K. Moffatt, Generalization in Human-Computer Interaction Research. K.R. Butcher, S. de la Chica, Supporting Student Learning with Adaptive Technology: Personalized Conceptual Assessment and Remediation. S.P. Carmien, G. Fischer, Beyond Human-Computer Interaction: Meta-Design in Support of Human Problem-Domain Interaction. M.T. Banich, D.J. Caccamise, In Summary. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis SIOP Organizational Frontiers volume will be one of the first to show how the field of Industrial Organizational psychology can help address societal concerns, and help focus research on the greater good of society. Contributions from worldwide experts showcase the power the IO community has to foster, promote and encourage pro social efforts. Also included will be commentary from an eminent group of IO psychologists who give invaluable insights into the history and the future of IO psychology . By presenting the prosocial contributions, from personal satisfaction and career commitment to organizational effectiveness to societal development, the imperative and easibility of using I-O psychology for the greater good becomes increasingly compelling.Trade Review"This book promises to direct I-O psychology down a new path—one that has historically been ignored by our profession but that will make our field even more relevant and visible to society at large. By assembling a broad—and impressive—team of thought leaders, Olson-Buchanan, Koppes Bryan, and Foster Thompson have set the stage for new and meaningful applications of the psychology of work."—Donald M. Truxillo, Psychology Department, Portland State University"This book really does explore new frontiers for I-O psychology. The book maps amazing areas where I-O psychology faces challenges and can make important contributions in three important regions: the societal well-being in the corporate domain, the nonprofit domain, and the nontraditional domains of humanitarian work psychology. In each chapter new avenues are offered that benefit from the knowledge available in our discipline while stimulating new research and innovative practice in those specific contexts. It is important to note that with the discovery of these new territories the face of our discipline is being changed and enriched with new approaches, contents, methods, and tools for analysis and interventions. The chapters are outstanding sources to inspire innovative teaching, professional practice, and research of I-O psychology. I cordially invite you to read it and discover new ways I-O psychology can serve humanity."—José Maria Peiró, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain"A dream team of scholars and practitioners have come together to provide a truly special resource. Never before have we seen issues of ethics, CSR, sustainability, diversity, inclusion, and humanitarian work discussed together in an evidence-based way. The field of Industrial-Organizational Psychology has a vast wealth of knowledge to offer the creation of positive societal change. This book tells that story."—Deborah E. Rupp, Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University"The editors assembled a world class team of experts who provide a comprehensive and insightful discussion on I-O psychology’s prosocial role in organizations. This book is the direction that I-O psychology needs to be going!!"—Ann Hergatt Huffman, Department of Psychology and College of Business, Northern Arizona UniversityTable of ContentsIntroduction Julie B. Olson-Buchanan, Laura Koppes Bryan, & Lori Foster Thompson 1.Values and Ethics of A Changing I-O Psychology: A Call to (Further) Action Joel Lefkowitz Section 1: Relevance of I-O Psychology to Societal Well-Being in the Corporate Domain 2. Going Green: Eco-I-O Psychology David E. Campbell, Laura Provolt, & J. Elliott Campbell 3.Corporate Leaders of Sustainable Organizations: Balancing Profit, Planet and People Tina Lombardo, Sherry Schneider, & Laura Koppes Bryan 4.Volunteer Programs in the Corporate World Jaime Henning & David Jones 5.Corporate Philanthropy and the Role of Industrial-Organizational Psychology Sara Weiner 6. Building an Inclusive Work World: Promoting Diversity and Positive Inter-Group Relations Through CSR. Jill Bradley-Geist & Eden King 7. The "We" in Wellness: Workplace Health Promotion as a Positive Force for Health in Society Joel B. Bennett & Lois E. Tetrick Section 2: I-O Psychology in the Nonprofit Domain. 8. Recruitment, Retention, and Motivation of Volunteers in the Nonprofit Sector: A Volunteer Socialization Perspective Erika Carello Lopina & Steven G. Rogelberg 9. Salient Challenges of Staffing and Managing Employees in the Non-Profit Sector James M. Schmidtke & Anne Cummings 10. Non-Profit Leadership and Governance Rick Jacobs & Johanna Johnson 11. I-O Psychology Education and the Nonprofit Context Kecia Thomas, Stephanie Downey & Kerrin George Section 3: Nontraditional Domains: I-O Psychology Without Borders 12. I-O Psychology Without Borders: The Emergence of Humanitarian Work Psychology Alexander Gloss & Lori Foster Thompson 13. Entrepreneurship and Poverty Reduction: Applying I-O Psychology to Microbusiness and Entrepreneurship in Developing Countries Michael M. Gielnik & Michael Frese 14. Assessing and Placing Disaster Relief Volunteers C. Harry Hui, Xiaohua Zhou, M. P. Sally Chan, Xiao Zhang & Jinyan Fan 15. Using I-O Psychology to Improve the Plight of Women in Developing Countries: A Research Agenda Virginia E. Schein 16. Aiding International Development: Some Fresh Perspectives from Industrial and Organizational Psychology Stuart C. Carr, Shahla Eltayeb, Malcolm MacLachlan, Leo Marai, Eilish McAuliffe, & Ishbel McWha 17. Mobilizing Action Through Professional Societies Tracey E. Rizzuto & Vicki V. Vandaveer Commentary Adrienne Colella Commentary Homo Economicus, Industrial Psychology, and the Greater Good Milton Hakel Commentary Kurt Kraiger Commentary Answering the Call: Advancing a Prosocial Organizational Psychology Douglas H. Reynolds

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Book SynopsisSport Psychology, 2nd Edition provides a synthesis of the major topics in sport psychology with an applied focus and an emphasis on achieving optimal performance. After exploring the history of sport psychology, human motivation, and the role of exercise, there are three main sections to the text: Performance Enhancement, Performance Inhibition, and Individuals and Teams.The first of these sections covers topics such as anxiety, routines, mental imagery, self-talk, enhancing concentration, relaxation, goals, and self-confidence. The section on Performance Inhibition includes chapters on choking under pressure, self-handicapping, procrastination, perfectionism, helplessness, substance abuse, and disruptive personality factors. While much of the information presented is universally applicable, individual differences based on gender, ethnicity, age, and motivation are emphasized in the concluding section on Individuals and Teams.Throughout, there are case studies of well-known athletes from a variety of sports to illustrate topics that are being explored.Trade Review"The book is thorough with a very large range of topics covered, some being particularly unique compared to other textbooks. There seems to be an increasing awareness within the field of factors that inhibit performance, rather than a sole focus on performance enhancement, and this new edition captures this shift rather well. Within the performance enhancement chapters that do have some overlap with other textbooks, Professor Gallucci conveys a deeper understanding of the complex issues surrounding these topics, which is a welcome advancement within the field." - Ian Taylor, Loughborough University, UK, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Science"I am very surprised and pleased with the way sport psychology is presented in this book. It appears to be a very thorough from an academic standpoint, while at the same time keeping an overall focus on what’s relevant to practice. I very much appreciate that this book has a thought-out format for how topics interact and should be addressed in practice. Most books use chapter titles that are issues, constructs, interventions with no organizing philosophy for their inclusion or order. This is a sport psychology book that truly relates to performance." - Steve Portenga, University of Denver, Sport and Performance Psychology"This is a well-written book that will be of interest to athletes and coaches interested in improving their understanding of sport psychology and their own psychological approach to sport. Current theory and research in the psychological factors are discussed, and these are explained in a very readable manner." - Rafael E. Romo, Texas A&M International University, Curriculum and Pedagogy"I think the material is great; the chapters are thorough, I like the progression in many of the chapters from general information to more sport-specific examples. There is a good balance of theory to application and strong examples to help students see these concepts 'in action' which students often find interesting and helpful." - Professor Karlene Sugarman, Sport Psychology Program, John F. Kennedy UniversityTable of ContentsPart 1. Introduction. 1. Introduction to Sport Psychology. 2. Motivation for Sport and Achievement. 3. Exercise. Part 2. Performance Enhancement. 4. Optimal Levels of Anxiety, Intensity, or Arousal. 5. Pre-performance Routines. 6. Mental Skills Training: Self-Talk, Concentration, Mental Imagery. 7. Relaxation Training: Calming the Physiology. 8. Goals. 9. Goal Orientation. 10. Self-efficacy and Sport Self-confidence. Part 3. Performance Inhibition. 11. Choking Under Pressure and Anxiety and Performance. 12. Self-handicapping. 13. Procrastination and Perfectionism. 14. Learned Helplessness. 15. Performance Inhibition Due to Personality Factors. 16. Substance Abuse. 17. Burnout. 18. Sport Injuries. Part 4. Individuals and Teams. 19. Gender and Sport. 20. Ethnic and Cultural Differences and Sport Psychology. 21. Youth and Sport. 22. Leadership and Coaching. 23. Team Cohesiveness.

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Book SynopsisMind Clearing (MC) builds on mindfulness approaches, with the ultimate aim of reducing suffering caused by mental, emotional, relationship and spiritual distress, through clearing the mind. This book offers a fresh approach for mental and physical health practitioners wishing to expand their practice and for individuals wanting to improve health and happiness at a fundamental level.The first book to explore Mind Clearing within the context of modern practice, this book looks at its origins, key principles and interpretations to aid understanding of the approach. With examples from practice and clear guidelines on the 'Do's and Don'ts' of Mind Clearing, practitioners and individuals will feel confident in carrying out the approach, and will learn to communicate effectively by dissolving the mind and the projections and fixed attitudes that it represents.Trade ReviewThis book brings a broader and deeper understanding of the psychological, philosophical and spiritual aspects of Charles Berner's work and is a significant contribution to the further development of practice and for the professional recognition of Mind Clearing. I give my compliments to and have full respect for Alice's work. -- Desimir D.Ivanovic, "DIJADA" CLEARING TRAINING CENTER BELGRADE, Serbia, Former President of the Training Standard Committee of the European Clearing AssociationAlice's ambitious undertaking in her book Mind Clearing has clearly made the complex simple. Writing with insight and eloquence, she has successfully integrated the intentions of both Berner's and Noyes' lives' work. She sets the stage for clarity and transformation to free the minds who read this book. -- Meranda Squires, Mind Clearer trained by Lawrence NoyesAn erudite, fascinating and intelligent appraisal of a therapeutic practice which is a logical next step for Mindfulness mastery. Drawing on her own extensive experience, Alice describes eloquently not only what she has learnt from her mistakes, but the potency of this set of techniques to help people take charge of their mind and not be controlled by it. -- Dr Eva Maria Chapman, Psychotherapist and Enlightenment Master, Trainer at London School of Mindclearing (1980s-90s)This is an excellent exposition of a very powerful set of techniques for freeing oneself from unwelcome aspects of one's mind. The book's explanations are sufficient for practitioners from other backgrounds to start to use some of the techniques for themselves. -- Prof Jake Chapman, Enlightenment Master, author of Tell Me Who You AreTable of ContentsForeword by Lawrence Noyes. Introduction. Part I. Background. 1. The Search for a Resolution to Human Suffering. 2. Berner's Formula for Change. Part II. The Mind. 1. The Problem that Is the Mind. 2. The Structure and Content of the Mind. Part III. Dealing with the Mind: Mind Clearing. 1. Why We Must Do Something about the Mind. 2. The Clearing Communication Cycle. 3. Working with Attitudes. 4. Guilt and Karma. 5. Dos and Don'ts of Mind Clearing. 6. Taking Mind Clearing Further. 7. Mind Clearing and the Mindfulness Meditation Project. Acknowledgements. Afterword. Index.

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Book SynopsisEmerging Practice in Focusing-Oriented Psychotherapy brings together some of the world's most influential contemporary psychotherapists in the field to look at the future of Focusing-oriented approaches.Focusing-Oriented Psychotherapy - a form of therapy that involves listening to the innate wisdom of the body - is a dynamic and growing field that has evolved greatly since Eugene Gendlin first published the text Focusing-Oriented Psychotherapy in 1996. This book explores recent innovations such as Focusing-Oriented Psychotherapy as a response to trauma, Wholebody Focusing, and how Focusing has been adapted in Japan and South Korea. One section looks at specific contemporary issues and emerging practical applications of Focusing-Oriented Psychotherapy, such as how Focusing can be used in wellbeing counselling and to help decision making processes in counselling and therapy. By offering new alternatives to working effectively with difficult issues and specific client groups, this volume will appeal to a broad range of therapists, coaches, and other practitioners.Jessica Kingsley Publishers also publishes a companion volume, Theory and Practice of Focusing-Oriented Psychotherapy: Beyond the Talking Cure, edited by Greg Madison [9781849053242].Trade ReviewThis is a wonderfully written, broadly focused and integrative book. It will be useful for all therapists whatever model they espouse who wish to help their clients move beyond what is explicit to a rich inner world that offers them new meaning and new direction. -- Dr Sue Johnson, Professor – Ottawa University Canada & Alliant University, San Diego; Director of the International Centre for Excellence in Emotionally Focused Therapy. Author of Love Sense: The revolutionary new science of romantic love (2014)The present-centred, embodied process of Focusing underlies the healing that occurs through a wide variety of therapies. This rich collection of articles drawn from practitioners across the globe provides a clear understanding of Focusing as well as a range of clinical applications. Like the process of Focusing itself, these volumes will fully engage your heart and mind, leaving you with a fresh sense of our potential to transform. -- Tara Brach, Ph.D., Clinical Psychologist, Founder of the Insight Meditation Community of Washington, USA, and author of Radical Acceptance and True RefugeThe articles in this volume will bring excitement and fresh air. It is in the nature of the Focusing process that it generates new next steps from the body. Therein lies its power for change. The only way to understand Focusing is to be carried forward in one's living by it. You can see this process in each article. -- From the foreword by Mary Hendricks-Gendlin, Co-Executive Director, The Focusing Institute, New York, USATable of ContentsAcknowledgements. Foreword. Mary Hendricks Gendlin, Co-Executive Director, The Focusing Institute, New York, USA. Preface. Greg Madison, City University, London, UK, Psychotherapy and Psychology Senior Lecturer, International. Introduction. Greg Madison. Section 1: FOT as a Response to Trauma. 1. Trauma, Myths, Focusing. Emmanuil Vantarakis, Hellenic Focusing Center, Athens, Greece. 2. Focusing and Trauma: A Psychotherapist Explores her own Childhood Trauma. Mary K. Armstrong, MSW, The Centre For Focusing in Toronto, Canada. 3. Aboriginal Focusing-Oriented Therapy. Shirley Turcotte, The Justice Institute of British Columbia, Canada and Jeffrey J. Schiffer, Columbia University, New York, USA. Section 2. Therapeutic Innovations from the 'Whole Body'. 4. A Wholebody Focusing-Oriented Approach to Therapeutic Presence: Envisioning new Possibilities for the Therapist/Client Relationship. Karen Whalen and Kevin McEvenue, both at The Focusing Institute, New York, USA. 5. Dwelling in the Process of Embodied Awareness: Letting Fresh Life Come Through Wholebody Focusing Therapy. Astrid Schillings, Focusing Institut Köln (FINK), Cologne, Germany. 6. Transformational Focusing: Theatre of the Living Body as Vehicle of Personal/Communal Healing. Doralee Grindler Katonah, Sofia University, California, USA and Glenn Fleisch, California Institute of Integral Studies (CIIS), California; JKF University, California, USA. Section 3: Focusing in Asian contexts. 7. Focusing and Naikan, a uniquely Japanese way of Therapy: Innovations on Gendlin's Thought and Practice from the East. Kenichi Itoh, Gakushuin University, Tokyo, Japan, and Mako Hikasa, Taisho University, Tokyo, Japan. 8. Focusing-Oriented Psychotherapy in Korea: Cultural Background, Research Findings and Practice Status. Eunsun Joo, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea. Section 4: Applications of Focusing Practice to Specific Issues and Populations. 9. Existential Wellbeing Counselling. Mia Leijssen, University of Leuven, Belgium. 10. The Body Knows the Way: Working with Clients Facing Illness and Dying. Joan Klagsbrun, Lesley University, Massachusetts, USA. 11. Living the Dream: The Evolution of Focusing Oriented Dream Work. Leslie Ellis, Inward Bound Counselling and Training, Vancouver, Canada. 12. Understanding and Treating Addiction with the Felt Sense Experience Model. Jan Winhall, Focusing Centre On Borden Street, Toronto, Canada. 13. Decision-making Processes in Counselling and Therapy: Some Dead Ends and Ways Out. Susanne Vahrenkamp, Institut für Gesprächspsychotherapie und personzentrierte Beratung Stuttgart, Germany, and Heinz-Joachim Feuerstein, University of Applied Sciences Kehl, Germany. 14. Focusing with the Consequences of Today's Stressful Living. Isabel Gascón, Occupational Health and Critical Care Specialist, Madrid, Spain. 15. Using Space to Facilitate the Focusing Process. Bernadette Lamboy, Institut de focusing d'Europe Francophone (IFEF), Savoie, France. Section 5: The Person within the Focusing-Oriented Approach. 16. On Becoming a Focusing-Oriented Psychotherapist. Salvador Moreno-López, ITESO University, Mexico. 17. One Therapist's Travel Log. Joan Lavender, Experiential Psychotherapy Project, New York; The Institute for Contemporary Psychotherapy, New York, USA. 18. What Lies Beneath? A Client's Perspective of Focusing-Oriented Therapy. Catherine Garnett, Creative Designer and FOT client, UK. Conclusion. Greg Madison.

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Book SynopsisCognitive-Behavioural Social Work in Practice appears at an interesting time for social work and social services. More than ever, practitioners are required to provide evidence for the effectiveness of what they do, while the rights of service users to ethically competent practice in which they are partners is high on the agenda. Drawing on a wide area of research, as well as the practice experience of its 18 contributors, it covers a broad range of cognitive-behavioural intervention with different client groups in a variety of settings, including child care, family work, probation and offending behaviour, mental health, disability and issues concerning older people. The first chapter sets out lucidly the theoretical and research basis for cognitive-behavioural practice and is rich in case examples. Each subsequent chapter adopts a case study approach to its subject, either by providing a single case study or by the detailed exploration of an area of practice combined with case examples. The volume is unique in not only bringing together practitioners and academics but in presenting the work of the 'academic, reflective practitioner'. It is thus an accessible, informative guide for professionals, students and educators who, with all their working pressures and constraints, strive to provide help based on best evidence.Trade Review’I would recommend this book to practitioners wishing to breathe some fresh air into practice possibilities and to trainee social workers who wish to learn an approach which will build upon other behaviourally-based approaches in their intervention toolbag.’ British Journal of Social Work ’An accessible practice-based book on behavioural social work...’ European Journal of Social Work ’...informative and timely...a rich mixture of theory, research and practice...The text is a thoroughly good buy and should form part of every social work training course.’ Cognitive Behavioural Social Work ReviewTable of ContentsContents: Introduction; Research and theory; Direct clinical work with children; Intervention to protect the child; Treating children who fail to thrive; Children with severe learning disabilities; Behavioural work in residential childcare; Working with young offenders; Adult probationers and the STOP programme; Working with carers using the birthday exercise; Learning theory, addiction and counselling; Behavioural work, crisis intervention and the mental health call-out; Intervention in group care for older people; The prevention and management of elder abuse; Epilogue: education for effective practice.

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Book SynopsisReminiscence Cue Cards Life events in the 50s/60s Places, items and moments collected from the 50s and 60s to remind and engage. This set of cards looks back to the 50s and 60s - every day moments, possessions and activities that were familiar during that time. The cards are particularly useful when used in conjunction with life history work sessions to facilitate and develop discussion. The cards will help users to recall people, events, experiences and stories from the past - the realistic images bringing memories to life and to share with others. The cards are loosely grouped into: Moments; Places; Possessions; Activities. Examples of cards include: Record player; Reel to reel tape recorder; Playing pat-a-cake; Saturday morning cinema; Hopscotch drawn on the pavement; 50s train carriage; and Black silver dial telephone. Particularly suitable to use in day care centres, memory clinics, care homes and other groups and will provide opportunities for socialising, preserving memory and creating a personal life history. Age: All ages. Contents: 36 A5 cards; accompanying booklet detailing ways to use the cards, boxed.Intended for use in educational settings and/or therapy contexts under the supervision of an adult. This is not a toy.Table of Contents36 A5 cards +booklet Boxed ISBN 978-1-9093-0116-0 Order Code D11-001-5951 GBP39.99 +VAT

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Book SynopsisFirst published in 1989. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.Table of ContentsEvolution and systems theory; the nature of genetic systems; processes of change in genetic systems; genetic evolutionary theories and the use of appropriate models; the evolution of physiological systems; on theories of organic evolution and their relevance to modern genetic-systems theory; on the evolution of behaviour; on current theories of the evolution of social behaviour and social systems; evolution in terms of genetic-systems theory; the evolution of cooperation and competition; on the evolution of social organization; on cultural evolution; on eco-evolution - change in ecosystems; on the future of evolutionary theories - the evolution of evolution.

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Book SynopsisCritical mindfulness of psychology’s mindlessness.- The Construct of Mindfulness Amidst and Along Conceptions of Rationality.- On the Way to Mindfulness: How a focus on outcomes (even good outcomes) prevents good outcomes.-  Understanding Confidence: Its Roots and Role in Performance.- Irrational Attachment (Why We Love What We Own).- MINDFUL DISSENT.- Psychohistory as a Means to Understand Langer’s Contributions to Psychological Science.- Mindfulness in action: The emergence of distinctive thought and behavior.- Priming the Mind to see its Double:  Mindfulness in a New Key.- Langerian Mindfulness and Optimal Sport Performance.- Health and the Psychology of Possibility.- Ellen Langer: Philosophy, Autobiography and a Healing Quest.- Possible Components of Mindfulness.

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Book SynopsisNeurowissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Verständnis von Träumen, wie etwa der Nachweis, dass Träume als intensivierte Tagträume verstanden werden können, regen an, sich mit ähnlichen Ideen in älteren Traumtheorien neu auseinanderzusetzen, so zum Beispiel mit denen von C. G. Jung. Dabei gilt es, Verbindungen herzustellen und herauszuarbeiten, wie dieser imaginative Blickwinkel den Umgang mit Träumen beeinflusst und umgekehrt. Verschiedene Aspekte des Träumens, auch die, die geheimnisvoll bleiben, werden an Beispielen aus der Psychotherapie veranschaulicht.

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Book SynopsisAls universelles Kommunikationsmittel begleitet das Smartphone nicht nur den Alltag. Es dient auch der individuellen und kollektiven Selbstdarstellung auf den Schaubühnen der Medienwelt. In sozialen Netzwerken geht es darum, persönliche Bestätigung, soziale Anerkennung oder gar Identität zu finden. Das Internet verbindet Menschen miteinander und eignet sich zugleich dafür, Hass loszuwerden, Feindschaft zu erzeugen. In diesem Band untersucht der Psychoanalytiker Martin Altmeyer, wie sich in der Mediengesellschaft mit der sozialen Lebenswelt auch das Seelenleben verändert einschließlich der dunklen Seiten der menschlichen Psyche.

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Book SynopsisMelanie Klein sieht das Seelenleben des Säuglings und damit das Unbewusste aller Menschen in permanenter Auseinandersetzung mit hoch destruktiven Triebkräften, insbesondere Neid und Hass, und steht damit zunächst einmal im scharfen Widerspruch zu Erkenntnissen der auf der Methode der Direktbeobachtung basierenden Säuglings- und Kleinkindforschung. Die Autoren zeigen, dass die Konzeptionen Melanie Kleins in einer modernen Lesart auch verblüffende Übereinstimmungen mit den Ergebnissen der Säuglingsforschung aufweisen.

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Book SynopsisDieses Buch zeigt Grundlagen und Anwendung von „Fokus“ und Fokaltherapie – einer zeiteffizienten Intervention der psychodynamischen Psychotherapie, die auf das Verstehen der Person in ihrer Einzigartigkeit setzt. Der Psychotherapeut, Psychiater, psychosomatisch tätige Arzt erfährt, wie er durch Intersubjektivität und Resonanz das Symptom als spezifisches Element der Patientenkommunikation erkennen und der helfenden Begegnung zuführen kann. Pointiert, praxisorientiert und mit vielen Fallbeispielen zeigt der Autor, wie das sich im Symptom zeigende implizite Wissen des Patienten besprechbar und veränderbar wird. Dabei berücksichtigt er auch die nonverbal stattfindende, emotionale Abstimmung der Beteiligten. In diesem Buch erfahren Interessierte den Kontext sowie die Möglichkeiten der Fokaltherapie für ihre Praxis – freilich immer aufbauend auf sorgfältiger, den wissenschaftlichen Standards entsprechender Diagnostik. Aus dem InhaltDas Symptom als Spur und Anrede – Sprechen über das Krankhafte – Psychosomatischer Fokus und Dialog – Gesund werden – Sprachbilder und Resonanz.Der Autor Dr. med. Wolfgang Kämmerer ist Facharzt für psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie/Psychoanalyse sowie Facharzt für innere Medizin in Hannover und auch in Fortbildung und Supervision tätig.Trade Review“…Mit Hilfe des Buches wird dem Diagnostiker und Behandler auf verständliche und eindrucksvolle Weise aufgezeigt, wie psychosomatisch Erkrankte an eine differenzierte Sprache über innere Zustände herangeführt und angemessen behandelt werden können.” (Sandra Fuchs, in: Psychologie FoxBlog, sanfuchs1979.wordpress.com, 21. Juli 2016)Table of ContentsEinführung in Thema und Aufbau des Buches.- Intersubjektivität und Szene.- Leib, Körper und Identität.- Symptom als Spur und Anrede.- Sprechen über das Krankhafte.- Psychosomatisch Kranksein.- Ins Gespräch finden: Die therapeutische Dyade.- Gemeinsam Untersuchen - elternsprachlich Benennen.- Fokus und Fokaltherapie.- Psychosomatischer Fokus und Dialog.- Der Fokus aus Sicht des Patienten (5 Berichte).- Gesund werden.- Sprachbilder und Resonanz.

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Book SynopsisAxonal Conduction Time and Human Cerebral Laterality-A Psychobiological Theory; takes a detailed look at the hypothesis that the psychological difference between the left and right hemispheres of the brain has a definite neurological basis. There is a multitude of literature concerning the difference between the two hemispheres of the brain but none which suggest a biological explanation. This book plugs that gap by making a connection between the psychological and the biological. Robert Miller has surveyed a wealth of material in researching his hypothesis, making it an essential review of the literature in this area which will be indispensable to workers in the fields of neuroscience, psychology, neurolinguistics, neuroanatomy, and neurocytology. This book takes a new and up-to-date look at the prominent theory that the left hemisphere is specialised for representing patterns extended in time whereas the right hemisphere represents simultaneous or 'spatial' patterns. What makes it unique in the field is that it looks at this theory from a neurobiological basis. It suggests that the difference resides in the range of conduction times in the axons connecting different regions of the cortex in each hemisphere. This hypothesis is discussed with respect to theoretical models of brain dynamics, and both gross and microscopic structure of the hemispheres. It deals with the psychological implications of the hypothesis for higher functions of the human cerebrum and outlines testable implications wherever Possible.Table of Contents1. Introduction 2. The Physical Nature of Linguistic Signals 3. The Representation of Temporal Structure in the Dynamics of Neural Networks 4. Biological Predictions from the Conduction Delay Hypothesis of Cerebral Lateralization 5. Perceptual Aspects of Laterilization: Theory and Predictions 6. Empirical Evidence on the Difference Between Left and Right Hemispheres in Perceptual Processes 7. Lateralization in the Contents of Memory 8. Motor Aspects of Lateralization: Theory and Predictions 9. Motor Aspects of Lateralization: Evidence for Evaluation of the Hypotheses of Chapter 8 10. Laterality Effects for Higher Cognitive Processes: Short Term Memory, Attention and Alertness, and Emotion 11. Correlations Between Different Aspects of Lateralization, and with Gender 12. Summary, Synopsis of Predictions, and Concluding Remarks

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Book SynopsisIt is well-known that cognitive variables influence eye movements during reading. To what extent do cultural differences influence eye movements? This volume contains chapters that examine these two issues. The first half of the volume documents recent research findings with respect to models of eye movement control in reading, eye movements and visual processing, and eye movements during scene perception, search, and mental rotation. The second half of the volume deals with two main cultural issues: eye movements in reading Chinese and cultural influences on eye movements. A number of experts provide overviews of their research findings concerning the topics in the five sections of the volume. Readers interested in eye movements in reading, cognitive influences on eye movements, and cultural influences on eye movements will find the chapters valuable reading.ISBN 978-7-201-06107-8Table of ContentsSection 1. Introduction. M. Castelhano, K. Rayner, Eye Movements during Reading, Visual Search, and Scene Perception: An Overview. Section 2. Models of Eye Movements in Reading. A.Pollatsek, K. Rayner, E.D. Reichle, The E-Z Reader Model of Eye Movement Control in Reading. S. Risse, R. Engbert, R. Kliegl, Eye-movement Control in Reading: Experimental and Corpus-analysis Challenges for a Computational Model. K. Rayner, X. Li, A. Pollatsek, Modeling the Eye Movements of Chinese Readers via E-Z Reader. Section 3. Eye Movements and Visual processing. S.P.Liveredge, Binocular Eye Movements during Reading. V. Benson, Saccadic Orienting in Special Populations. K.R. Cave, A.L.Cohen, C.M.Rotello, A.McCaffrey, M.G.Ross, M. Zeng, M. Zivot, X. Li, K. Evans, Using Eye Movements to Understand Complex Visual Comparisons. A.Pollatsek, D.L.Fisher, A.Pradhan, Using Eye Movements to Study and Improve Driving Safety. Section 4. Eye Movements during Scene Perception, Search, and Mental Rotation. L. Nummenmaa, J.Hyönä, M.G. Calvo, Do Emotional Scenes Catch the Eye? T. Menneer, M.J.Stroud, K.R.Cave, N. Donnelly, K. Rayner, Eye Movements in Search for Multiple Targets. I.Dahlstrom-Hakki, A. Pollatsek, D.L. Fisher, K. Rayner, Eye Movements and Individual Differences in Mental Rotation. Section 5. Eye Movements in Reading Chinese. Y.Tsang, H.Chen, Eye Movements in Reading Chinese, D. Shen, X. Bai, G. Yan, S. Liversedge, The Perceptual Span in Reading Chinese. D. Gao. R. Zhang, J. Chen, Lexical Processing and Eye Movements in Chinese Readers. J. Wu, T.J. Slattery, A. Pollatsek, K. Rainer, Word Segmentation in Chinese Reading. S. Wang, J. Yang, H. Chen, Immediate Processing of Intra-sentential and Inter-sentential Information in Reading Chinese. M. Yan, K.F. Miller, H. Shu, What is the Place for Pinyin in Beginning Chinese Reading? Section 6. Cultural Influences on Eye Movement. J.E. Boland, H.F. Chua, R.E. Nisbett, How We See It: Culturally Different Eye Movement Patterns Over Visual Scenes X. Li, C.C. Williams, K.R. Cave, A.D. Well, K. Rayner, Eye Movements, Individual Differences, and Cultural Effects. G. Feng, Orthography and Eye Movements: The Paraorthographic Linkage Hypothesis.

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Book SynopsisAn adaptation of the author's doctoral dissertation (U. of Amsterdam, 1991), this volume reviews and synthesizes the neuropathology, cognitive theory, and practical neuropsychological assessment aspects of all of the major subcortical dementias from a neuropsychological viewpoint. For neuropsycholog

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Book SynopsisThe aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive treatment-oriented introduction to the practice of child-clinical neuropsychology, focusing exclusively on the assessment of children and adolescents. The book has been designed specifically for those who wish to pursue education and training in this area of professional endeavor.The volume gives consideration to the following issues: treatment-oriented model of neuropsychological assessment (specification of brain-behavior relationships, dimensions of neuropsychological assessment, psychometric considerations, validity issues, modes of approach to neuropsychological interpretation, influence of demands of the environment, prediction of behavioral outcomes, development of realistic remedial plans and availability of resources for effective implementation of remedial plan, and continuing relationship between neuropsychological assessment and intervention); principles and hypotheses concerning the remediation of brain impairments in childhood and early adolescence; Variables related to the known or hypothesized brain lesion; determination of the child's remedial needs and remediable capacities, approaches to treatment (general treatment strategies, formats for intervention, treatment styles and techniques), and implementation of the remedial plan; learning disabilities (empirically derived LD subtypes, neuropsychological profiles, psychosocial typologies, and implications for treatment) and case studies (nonverbal learning disabilities and basic phonological processing disorder); and neurological disease, disorder, and dysfunction (approach to characterization of neurological disorders) and case studies (stroke, Asperger syndrome, traumatic brain injury, brain tumor, and Tourette syndrome).This book will be of critical interest to child-clinical psychologists, neuropsychologists who specialize in the assessment and/or treatment of adults with brain impairment and have some interest in childhood disorders, pediatric neurologists, child psychiatrists, and a host of other professionals whose practice brings them in contact with children whose behavior may be affected by brain dysfunction. Indeed, for all of these professionals and those in training to become such, this book will serve as a comprehensive introduction to a systematic approach to neuropsychological assessment and intervention for children and adolescents with suspected or established brain impairment.Trade Review'One of the strengths of this text is in its practical approach. There is much for the clinician, with the contents covering professional issues, advances in clinical assessment, neuropsychological interpretations, as well as a review of evidence-based interventions. The greatest contribution, however, comes from the numerous detailed case studies presented throughout the text and the authors' thoughtful, but scientific attempts to provide readers with a model for collating and integrating clinical information to achieve appropriate diagnosis and intervention.' - V. Anderson, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia in the journal Pediatric RehabilitationTable of ContentsChild Clinical Neuropsychological Assessment. Remediation for the Child with Brain Impairment. Illustrative Case Study. Learning Disabilities. Neurological Disease, Disorder & Dysfunction. Appendixes: The Child-Clinical Neuropsychologist. Neuropsychological Test Battery. Additional Test and Measures. Treatment Program for the Child and Young Adolescent with NLD.

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Book SynopsisWhen confronted with a neurological or psychiatric disorder in an elderly individual, a clinician or researcher is likely to ask how the processes of ageing have influenced the aetiology and presentation of the disorder, and will impact on its efficient management. There are many urban myths about ageing, and some of these apply to the brain. The reviews included in this book are an attempt to flush out some of these myths, and arm the clinician and general researcher with the empirical facts that can be mustered to substantiate claims about ageing. There are many salient questions: is cognitive change to be expected in an elderly individual? Is this change progressive, relentless and unselective, or is it focal and constrained? Would every person who lived long enough develop Alzheimer’s disease? Do our neurones die as we get old? What happens to the size of the brain and its metabolic activity? How do our hormones change with age? Can anti-oxidants slow or even stop the process of ageing? Are genes important in the ageing brain or is it all in the environment? How much of what we are is due to what we eat? The contributors to this book, each an expert in their field, have addressed some of these questions in a language simple enough for a general reader to understand.The book also deals with some of the most prominent brain disorders of old age - Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, vascular dementia, and depression. The focus is on the impact of ageing on these disorders. The discussions lay out a broad map for the clinician dealing with neuropsychiatric disorders, and the future researcher of brain ageing. In a field in which the developments are too numerous for any one individual to keep pace with, this book presents up-to-date summaries that can be a useful starting point. The field of brain ageing abounds in tabloid science. This book counters this by providing a strong empirical grounding and considered synthesis of the research.Table of ContentsSection 1. Introduction. P.S. Sachdev, The Ageing Brain. G.A. Broe, Population Ageing, Human Lifespan and Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Fifth Epidemiologic Transition. Section 2. Characteristics of the Ageing Brain. J.J. Kril, Structural Changes in the Ageing Human Brain. J.C.L. Looi, P.S. Sachdev, Structural Neuroimaging of the Ageing Brain. S.R. Lord, R. St George, Neurophysiological, Sensory and Motor Changes with Ageing. H. Christensen, R. Kumar, Cognitive Changes and the Ageing Brain. J.N. Trollor, P.S. Sachdev, Ageing of the Human Brain as Studied by Functional Neuroimaging. G.A. Smythe, Neuroendocrine Aspects of Brain Ageing. V.K. Srikanth, G.A. Donman, Cerebrovascular System and the Ageing Brain. Section 3. Factors Influencing Brain Ageing. J.B.J. Kwok, P.R. Schofield, The Molecular Basis of Alzheimer’s Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia. J. de Haan, R.C. Iannello, P.J. Crack, P. Hertzog, I. Kola, Oxidative and Free Radical Mechanisms in Brain Ageing. J. Bryan, The Role of Nutritional Factors in Cognitive Ageing. P.W. Schofield, The Brain Reserve Hypothesis. Section 4. Clinical Interface. C. Brayne, Will We All Dement if We Live Long Enough? G.W. Small, Detecting Alzheimer’s Disease at the Pre-Symptomatic Stage. J.G.L. Morris, M.A. Hely, G.M. Halliday, Parkinsonism and Ageing. J. Snowdon, Age Variation in the Prevalence of Depression: Are Study Findings Meaningful? P.S. Sachdev, Vascular Dementia. P.S. Sachdev, Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisProvides practical information for professionals who help drug misusers. The book surveys the facts which influence drug use and problems arising from it, whether weekend experimentation or heroin dependence. The emphasis is on improving current practice and integrating the treatment that can be offered by medical and non-medical professionals.Table of ContentsSetting the scene; defining the problem; the role of the medical profession; constraints on current practice; conclusions and recommendations.

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Book SynopsisBiological Clocks introduces the subject of human chronobiology. It describes biological clocks; why we have clocks; how biological clocks relate to sleep disorders, depression, and jet lag; and how the reader can measure his/her own rhythms.Table of ContentsBIOLOGICAL RHYTHMS: Fooling Around With Time. More Seriously. Methods of Rhythm Measurement. Entrainment. Freeruns. More Related to Freeruns. Resetting. Can Clock Be Stopped? Temperature and Chemicals. Seasons and Photoperiodism. Circarhythms. Biological Clockworks. Human Rhythms. The End of the Whole Mess. APPNEDICES: Glossary. Societies. Journals. Software. Bibliogrphy. MEASURE YOUR OWN CIRCADIAN RHYTHM.

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