Physiological psychology Books

Book SynopsisIn recent years there have been major advances in understanding visual processing. This work brings together experts from various disciplines, ranging from computer science to neuropsychology, to discuss how the work carried out in their field fits into the broader context of vision research.Table of ContentsContructing the perception of surfaces from multiple cues, Kent A. Stevens' visual analysis and representation of spatial relations, Roger J. Watt; modern theories of Gestalt perception, Stephen J. Palmer; thinking visually, Kris N. Kirby and Stephen M. Kosslyn; perceiving and recognizing faces, Vicki Bruce; the breakdown approach to visual perception - neuropsychological studies of object recognition, Glyn W. Humphreys et al; mechanisms which mediate discrimination of 2-D spatial patterns in distributed images, Keith H. Ruddock; the analysis of 3-D shape - psychological principles and neural mechanisms, Andrew J. Parker et al; identification of disoriented objects - a dual-systems theory, Pierre Jolicoeur; surface layout from retinal flow, Mike Harris et al; neural facades - visual representations of static and moving form-and-colour-and-depth, Stephen Grossberg.

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Book SynopsisAdopting a cognitive neuroscience approach to this question generates a new perspective and some challenging hypotheses. The book explores in detail the contribution of the brain structures, particularly the cerebral cortex, to the various aspects of movement preparation and execution.Trade Review"The Cognitive Neuroscience of Action provides an interesting historical context to many of the important ideas that guide current thinking about the neural basis of action." Peter Redgrave, University of Sheffield"It is both innovative and integrative and certainly is a must read for those working in the area...I would certainly recommend this book in advanced undergraduate work, perhaps as an adjunct to a third year undergraduate course or for a reading group in visual perception, perception and action, or neuropsychology." Alan M. Wing, Psychology Teaching Review "Jeannerod's book is an impressive example of a cognitive neuroscientific approach to action." Johannes Engelkamp, University of the Saarland, American Journal of Psychology, Spring 2001.Table of ContentsPart I: General Introduction:. 1.1. Action as a Coordination Problem. 1.2. Internal Models and the Purpose of Actions. 1.3. Motor Engrams. 1.4. Outline. Part II: Neural Substrates for Object Orientated Actions:. 2.1. Visuomotor Coordination as a Dissociable Visual Function. 2.1.1. The Two-Visual-Systems Hypothesis. 2.1.2. Two Cortical Visual Systems. 2.1.3. Visuomotor Channels. 2.2 Neural Coding in the Visuomotor (dorsal) Pathway: Reaching Movements. 2.2.1. Reaching Neurons in the Parietal Cortex. 2.2.2. The Role of Motor and Premotor Cortex. 2.3 Neural Coding in the Visuomotor (dorsal) Pathway: Grasping Movements. 2.3.1. The Pattern of Grip Formation. 2.3.2. Neural Mechanisms Involved in the Control of Visually Guided Grasping. 2.3.2.1. Motor Cortex. 2.3.2.2. Parietal Cortical Areas. 2.3.2.3. Premotor Cortex Neurons. 2.4. Predetermined Motor Patterns: The Schema Approach. Part III: Task-Dependent Representations for Action:. 3.1. Relevance of Neural Systems to Task-Dependent Representations of Action. 3.1.1. Effects of Posterior Parietal Lesions on Object-Orientated Actions. 3.1.2. Testing Object-Oriented Behavior. 3.1.3. Two Illustrative Clinical Cases. 3.2. Object-Oriented Behaviour in Lesions of the Ventral System. 3.3. Brain Activity Mapping During Object-Oriented Actions. 3.4. The Representation of Object-Oriented Actions. 3.4.1. Classifying Object Attributes. 3.4.2. The Frame of Reference Problem. 3.5. Task Dependent Dissociations of Visumotor and Perceptual Responses. 3.5.1. Motor Vs Perceptual Responses. 3.5.2. Time-Based Dissociations. 3.5.3. Implicit Functioning of Pragmatic Representations. 3.5.4. The Semantic Penetration of Pragmatic Representations. 3.6. A Note on Apraxia. Part IV: The Contribution of Mental Imagery to Understanding Motor Representations:. 4.1. Motor Imagery, A "First Person" Process. 4.2. What is Represented in Motor Images. 4.2.1. The Problem of the Representation of Time. 4.2.2. The Representation of Motor Rules. 4.2.3. Representation of Motor Constraints and Potentialities. 4.3. Physiological Correlates of Mental Simulation of Movement. 4.3.1. Muscular Activity. 4.3.2. Autonomic Nervous System. 4.3.3. Brain Activity. 4.4. The Effects of Mental Training. 4.5. Motor Imagery in Clinical Disorders of Movement and Action. Part V: Action Planning:. 5.1. A Cognitive Approach to Action Planning. 5.1.1. Mental Chronometry Paradigms. 5.2. A Neuropsychological Approach to Action Planning. 5.2.1. Anatomical Connections of the Frontal Granular Cortex. 5.2.2. Frontal Lobe Lesions in Mokeys. 5.2.3. Paradigms for Studying Neuronal Activity in Prefrontal Areas. 5.2.4. Planning Deficits Following Frontal Lesion in Man. 5.3. Study of Human Brain Activity during Motor Preparation and Action Planning. 5.4. The Role of Basal Ganglia in Action Planning. 5.5. A Synthetic Conclusion on Action Planning. Part VI: Design for a Motor Representation:. 6.1. Requirements for Representing Neurons. 6.2. The Internal Structure of Motor Representations. 6.2.1. The Corollary Discharge Concept. 6.2.2. Comparator Models. 6.3. Testing the Validity of Comparator Models. 6.3.1. Perturbation Experiments. 6.3.2. The Role of Reafference. 6.4. Monitoring Intentions. 6.4.1. Sensations of Innervation. 6.4.2. The Problem of Awareness of Intentions. 6.4.3. Understanding Intentions of Others. 6.4.4. Imitation and Observational Learning.

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Book SynopsisSynaesthesia is a condition in which a stimulus in one sensory modality automatically triggers a perceptual experience in another sensory modality. For example, on hearing a sound, the person immediately sees a colour. This volume brings together what is known about this fascinating neurological condition. The above questions, and new issues arising from the recent wave of cognitive neuroscientific research into synaesthesia, are debated in a series of chapters by leading authorities in the field.Table of ContentsPart I: Background:. 1. Synaesthesia: An Introduction: John E. Harrison and Simon Baron-Cohen (Cambridge University). 2. Synaesthesia: Richard Cytowic. Part II: Classic Papers:. 3. Extract on Synaesthesia from 'Inquiries into Human Faculty': Sir Francis Galton. 4. On Coloured-Hearing Synaesthesia: Cross-Modal Translations of Sensory Dimensions: Lawrence Marks. 5. 'Correspondences': Charles Baudelaire. 6. Extract from "The Mind of a Mnemonist": Alexander Luria. Part III: Neuroscientific Perspectives:. 7. Synaesthesia: A Review of Psychological Theories: John E. Harrison and Simon Baron-Cohen (Cambridge University). 8. The Physiological Basis of Synaesthesia: Christopher D. Frith and Eraldo Paulesu (Wellcome Department of Cognitive Neurology and Institute H. San Raffaele, Milan). 9. Perception and Sensory Information in Synaesthetic Experience: Petter G. Grossenbacher (National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda). 10. Possible Implications of Synaesthesia for the Hard Question of Consciousness: Jennifer Gray, Julia Nunn, Steve Williams and Simon Baron-Cohen (Institute of Psychiatry, City University, Institute of Psychiatry and Cambridge University). 11. Synaesthesia: Is a Genetic Analysis Feasible?: Mark E. S. Bailey and Keith Johnson (Both Glasgow University). Part IV: Developmental Perspectives:. 12. Synaesthesia: Implications for Modularity of Mind: Gabriel M. A. Segal (King's College, London). 13. Neonatal Synaesthesia: Implications for the Processing of Speech and Faces: Daphne Maurer. 14. Synaesthesia: Implications for Developmental Neurobiology: Henri Kennedy, Colette Dehay, Alexandre Batardiere and Pascal Barone (All INSERM, France). Part V: Clinical and Personal Perspectives:. 15. Synaesthesia: Possible Mechanisms: E. M. R. Critchley (Preston Royal Infirmary). 16. Two Synaesthetes Talking Color: Alison Motluk (New Scientist).

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Book SynopsisHuman Emotions: A Reader brings together a collection of articles which give an approach to the fast-growing field of empirical and theoretical research on emotions. The volume includes classic writings from Darwin, James and Freud chosen to show their current significance, together with articles from contemporary research literature. The articles give a broad coverage of the subject and include selections from cross-cultural, biological, social, developmental and clinical areas of study. Human Emotions: A Reader begins with an overall introduction to both the volume and subject area by the Editors. Each of the six sections of the book, and each article are introduced, contextualizing and relating these articles to comparable research. The volume is organized to correspond with the structure and coverage of Understanding Emotions written by Keith Oatley and Jennifer M. Jenkins (also published by Blackwell). It can also be used independently allowing instTable of ContentsIntroduction. Part I: History and Culture. Part II: Evolution and Processes. Part III: Development of Emotion Understanding and Individual Differences in Emotionality. Part IV: Functions of Emotions in Society and in the Individual. Part V: Emotional Disorders in Childhood and Adulthood.

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Book SynopsisHuman Emotions: A Reader brings together a collection of articles which give an approach to the fast-growing field of empirical and theoretical research on emotions. The volume includes classic writings from Darwin, James and Freud chosen to show their current significance, together with articles from contemporary research literature. The articles give a broad coverage of the subject and include selections from cross-cultural, biological, social, developmental and clinical areas of study. Human Emotions: A Reader begins with an overall introduction to both the volume and subject area by the Editors. Each of the six sections of the book, and each article are introduced, contextualizing and relating these articles to comparable research. The volume is organized to correspond with the structure and coverage of Understanding Emotions written by Keith Oatley and Jennifer M. Jenkins (also published by Blackwell). It can also be used independently allowing instTable of ContentsIntroduction. Part I: History and Culture. Part II: Evolution and Processes. Part III: Development of Emotion Understanding and Individual Differences in Emotionality. Part IV: Functions of Emotions in Society and in the Individual. Part V: Emotional Disorders in Childhood and Adulthood.

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Book Synopsis* The first definitive collection of readings in cognitive neuroscience* Edited by one of the leading researchers in the field* Introductions and contextualisations provide a context for each section's papers. .Trade Review"This book will enjoy a wide readership." Robert R. Rafal, Professor of Clinical Neuroscience and Neuropsychology, University of Wales, Bangor "An excellent set of readings." Professor Tim Shallice, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College, LondonTable of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgments. Part I: History and Methods of CNS:. 1. The Birth of the Cognitive Neuroscience Institute: M. S. Gazzaniga. 2. Perspectives on Cognitive Neuroscience: P. S. Churchland and T. J. Sejnowski. 3. Electrical and Magnetic Brain Recordings: S. A. Hillyard. 4. Behind the Scenes of Functional Brain Imaging: M. E. Raichle. Part II: Perception:. 5. Exploration of the Primary Visual Cortex: D. H. Hubel. 6. The Parietal System and Some Higher Brain Functions: Vernon B. Mountcastle. 7. The Visual Pathways Mediating Perception and Prehension: M. A. Goodale, L. S. Jakobson and P. Servos. 8. Neural Mechanisms for Forming a Perceptual Decision: C. D. Salzman and W. T. Newsome. 9. James J. Gibson - An appreciation: K. Nakayama. Part III: Attention:. 10. Attentional networks: M. I. Posner and S. Dehaene. 11. Attentional Resolution and the Locus of Visual Awareness: S. He, P. Cavanagh and J. Intriligator. 12. Information-Processing of Visual-Stimuli in an Extinguished Field: B. T. Volpe, J. E. Ledoux and M. S. Gazzaniga. 13. Negative Priming Between Pictures and Words in a Selective Attention Task - Evidence for Semantic Processing of Ignored Stimuli: S. P. Tipper and J. Driver. Part IV: Imagery:. 14. Mental Rotation of Three-Dimensional Objects: R. N. Shepard, and J. Metzler. 15. Unilateral Neglect of Representational Space: E. Bisiach, & C. Luzzatti,. 16. Topographical Representations of Mental Images in Primary Visual Cortex: S. M. Kosslyn, W. L. Thompson, I. J. Kim & N. M. Alpert. Part V: Plasticity and Development:. 17. The Effect of Crossing Nerves to Antagonistic Muscles in the Hind Limb of the Rat: R. W. Sperry. 18. Spatial Integration and Cortical Dynamics: C. D. Gilbert, A. Das, M. Ito, M. Kapadia and G. Westheimer. 19. Cortical Mechanisms of Cognitive Development: Mark H. Johnson. Part VI: Memory:. 20. Loss of Recent Memory after Bilateral Hipposcampal Lesions: W. B. Scoville and B. Milner. 21. Episodic Memory, Semantic Memory, and Amnesia: L. R. Squire and S. M. Zola. 22. Working Memory - The Interface Between Memory and Cognition: A. Baddeley. 23. Understanding Implicit Memory: A Cognitive Neuroscience Approach: D. L. Schacter. Part VII: Action and Executive Function:. 24. Cognitive Neurophysiology of the Motor Cortex: A. P. Georgopoulos, Masato Taira, Alexander Lukashin. 25. Vision for the Control of Movement: R. H. Wurtz. 26. Combining Versus Gating Motor Programs: Differential Roles for Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia?: W. T. Thach, J. W. Mink, H. P. Goodkin, & J. G. Keating. 27. Attention to Action: Willed and Automatic Control of Behavior: D. A. Norman and T. Shallice. 28. Architecture of the Prefrontal Cortex and the Central Executive: P. S. Goldman-Rakic. Part VIII: Language:. 29. Category-Specific Naming Deficit Following Cerebral Infarction: J. Hart, R. S. Berndt, and A. Caramazza. 30. Right-Hemisphere Language Following Brain Bisection - A 20-Year Perspective: M. S. Gazzaniga. 31. Current Thinking on Language Structures: Marta Kutas. Part IX: Evolution:. 32. Why Does the Brain Have So Many Visual Areas?: J. H. Kaas. 33. Antibodies and Learning: Selection versus Instruction: Jerne, Niels and Kaj. 34. The Argument From Animals to Humans in Cognitive Neuroscience: T. M. Preuss. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe angry emotions, and the problems they presented, were an ancient Greek preoccupation from Homer to late antiquity. Drawing on a wide range of ancient texts, and on recent work in anthropology and psychology, Harris explains the rise and persistence of this concern.Trade ReviewHarris is known for ground-breaking books on Roman imperialism and on literacy in the ancient world. His new book, a vastly ambitious attempt to cover nearly every aspect of anger in antiquity from Homer to early Christianity, breaks fresh ground again. -- M. F. Burnyeat * London Review of Books *Harris’s thoughtful, massively documented book is a major contribution to our understanding of the classical world… Harris is excellent on the kinds of therapy that ancient thinkers proposed and applied to excessive rage… His book will be a major resource for anyone concerned with the history of the emotions, whether in antiquity or beyond. It is a great achievement. -- David Konstan * American Historical Review *Why did the ancient Greeks and Romans find fault with anger? Why did they so insistently advocate the reining in or the elimination of angry emotions? Rather than offering a mere analysis of arguments presented in our primary texts, Harris’s study undertakes to provide an answer from a social-anthropological perspective, taking due cognizance of the groups whose interests were served by the discourse of anger control in Greco-Roman antiquity. Most importantly, he demonstrates the relevance of his historical enquiry by relating it to discussions on the subject in our contemporary culture. -- Johan Strijdom * Scholia Reviews *In this comprehensive exploration of anger and self-understanding in the classical world, Harris…endeavors to show that ancient discourses on anger control were responses to political and social conditions. Since the Iliad, the oldest work in Western literature, has as its theme the anger of Achilles, Harris has astutely hit upon a fascinating theme… Highly recommended. -- Clay Williams * Library Journal *This book by a leading ancient historian is bound to become a standard reference point for anyone interested in the history of emotions in antiquity. It draws together a range of texts from Homer to Post-Constantinian Christianity, showing how they approach the common problem of anger control and how the ‘solution’ changes over time. There is no book on this central issue in ancient culture that matches Restraining Rage’s breadth and scope. -- Mary Beard, University of CambridgeA remarkable book. Harris uses anger as a focal point for an examination of a very wide range of intellectual activity and social practices. The work ranges over theories of the emotions and the soul, the nature of civic life and politics, intra-familial conflict, marriage and attitudes toward women, slavery, and more. It is the most interesting, stimulating, and important book about ancient social and intellectual history that I have read in many years. -- David Cohen, University of California, BerkeleyHarris’s new book focuses upon a central feature of the ancients’ understanding of themselves, their obsession with anger in all its forms and their attempts to restrain at least its outward expression. Restraining Rage is brilliantly written, full of mordant insights, vastly and diversely erudite, and deeply committed not only to understanding the ancient world, but also our modern one. All in all, a marvelous book. -- Glenn W. Most, University of Heidelberg and University of ChicagoTable of ContentsAcknowledgements Abbreviations Part I. Approaches 1. Striving for Anger Control 2. Science and Feelings 3. The Greek and Latin Terminology 4. The Minds of Ancient Authors 5. A Tradition of Self-Control 6. Philosophies of Restraining Rage Appendix: Treatises on the Emotions and on Anger Part II. Anger in Society and in the State 7. The Heroes and the Archaic State 8. Living Together in the Classical Polis 9. The Roman Version 10. Restraining the Angry Ruler 11. A Thesis about Women and Anger Part III. Intimate Rage 12. Family and Friends 13. Slavery Part IV. Anger and the Invention of Psychic Health 14. Anger as a Sickness of the Soul in Classical Greece 15. Can You Cure Emotions? Hellenistic and Roman Anger Therapy 16. From Sickness to Sin: Early Christianity and Anger 17. Retrospect and Prospect Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisRobert Provine boldly goes where other scientists seldom treadin search of hiccups, coughs, yawns, sneezes, and other lowly, undignified human behaviors. Upon investigation, these instinctive acts bear the imprint of our evolutionary origins and can be uniquely valuable tools for understanding how the human brain works and what makes us different from other species. Many activities showcased in Curious Behavior are contagious, but none surpasses yawning in this regardjust reading the word can make one succumb. Though we often take it as a sign of sleepiness or boredom, yawning holds clues to the development of our sociality and ability to empathize with others. Its inescapable transmission reminds us that we are sometimes unaware, neurologically programmed beasts of the herd. Other neglected behaviors yield similar revelations. Tickling, we learn, may be the key to programming personhood into robots. Coughing comes in musical, medical, and social varieties. Farting and belching have Trade ReviewIn this charmingly written and profoundly informative book, Provine gives us what he calls ‘sidewalk’ neuroscience, a ‘scientific approach to everyday behavior based on simple observations and demonstrations that readers, even advanced grade-schoolers, can use to confirm, challenge, or extend the reported findings.’ In this era of ‘neurorealism,’ where much of the public believes you aren’t doing real science if you aren’t using fMRI to scan some brains, Provine’s work in ‘small science’ is refreshing. ‘The Small Science of this book is “small,”’ he explains, not because it is trivial but because it does not require ‘fancy equipment and a big budget.’ Small science teaches the art of observation and methods of interpretation: ‘Everyday life is teeming with the important and unexpected, if you know where to look and how to see.’ This message alone is worth the price of admission… Provine romps through the range of ‘curious behaviors’ of his title, with each chapter offering up enlightening and unexpected findings… [A] marvelous book… ‘Small science’ at its best. -- Carol Tavris * Wall Street Journal *[Provine] is a valiant man and this is an original book: a book about people’s quirks and the uncomfortable noises that we have suppressed, particularly after Victorian times. Why would someone study those seemingly uninteresting and inappropriate acts? I would say the answer lies in the questions this neuroscientist has asked himself: why do we burp or sneeze? What is a cough? What has really gone with the wind? Well, you don’t really know—and you won’t until you read Curious Behavior… This disarmingly enchanting book manages to ‘handle’ even flatulence in the most skillful and scientific manner without ever losing focus on Provine’s aim: an accurate description of the topic via a look at mechanisms, evolutionary advantages, limits and statistics… Prepare to be contaminated by this book and get ready to analyze the way you sneeze, cough and everything else. -- Tristan Bekinschtein * Times Higher Education *With its many facts and anecdotes and unexpected stories, [Curious Behavior] begs you to continue where curiosity leads you, down both the boulevards and the back alleys of science. And that is exactly how [Provine] thinks science should be pursued. -- James Gorman * New York Times *Why do we yawn, tickle, laugh, cough, scratch, sneeze, hiccup, vomit, or cry? Over the years, Provine has investigated these and other behaviors in the lab and on the street, and the result is beautifully written and constantly surprising. -- Steven Poole * The Guardian *How can farting, sneezing and other marginal biological realities illuminate humanness? Neuroscientist Robert Provine turns an evolutionary lens on everything from the gross to the faintly improper. The ‘contagiousness’ of yawning, for instance, hints at the roots of empathy and herd behavior. Burping and farting were involved in the development of speech, says Provine. And tickling may play a part in our early understanding that we are distinct beings (you can’t tickle yourself). An exercise in ‘small science’—some of it speculative, all of it fascinating. * Nature *In Curious Behavior, neuroscientist Robert Provine discusses common yet seemingly strange actions, such as crying, tickling and yawning—subjects often overlooked by science. Beyond explaining how each of these actions work anatomically, Provine explores their functions, similarities and whether they might be linked by some higher, social purpose… Follow his advice, and Curious Behavior will leave you trying to yawn with clenched teeth, sneeze with your eyes open and noticing just how often you laugh at things that really aren’t funny. -- Jessica Hamzelou * New Scientist *In this engrossing account of some curious physiological behaviors, neuroscientist Robert Provine not only describes the biologic basis for some curious human actions such as laughing, itching, hiccuping, vomiting, coughing, sneezing and several more curiosities, he also describes the experiments performed to clarify these sometimes embarrassing operations… Fascinating descriptions and explanations about human behavior oddities are candidly presented with added whimsy for sweetening. Suitable for all ages, it’s the sort of a book on quirky embarrassing behaviors that you observed and performed, but were too afraid to talk about. -- Aron Row * Sacramento Book Review *Provine has written a charming ode to ‘Small Science’—science that does not require a large budget or fancy equipment but that is interesting nonetheless. Taking examples from his own research, some of which involved nothing more complicated than stalking graduate students and observing how and when they laugh, he explains the origins of some of the most prevalent, but often overlooked, human behaviors. -- Anna Kuchment * Scientific American *In Curious Behavior, Robert Provine provides clear, entertaining, and (most importantly) data-driven accounts of familiar yet overlooked human quirks. These include yawning, laughing, crying, tears, coughing, sneezing, hiccupping, vomiting and nausea, tickling, itching and scratching, farting and belching, and finally prenatal behavior. If you think you know when and why you laugh, what makes a face look sad, or why people yawn, you’re probably in for a surprise… Written with humor and wit, Curious Behavior is an accessible and entertaining read with its musings about the theoretical Doomsday yawn, ineffectual astronaut tears, and the social implications of coughing and laughter. But it is also serious science about the importance of defining stimuli, using specific language, and understanding the difference between what people think they do, and what they actually do. The book may provide new windows into autistic behaviors, schizophrenia, and the definition of self… In a world where there is an increasing gulf between the public and scientists, Provine leads by example with straightforward science communication… This book is a must-have for any connoisseur of human behavior, whether studying in a classroom or from a barstool. -- Kenneth C. Catania * The Scientist *Readers will enjoy the stories and find the glimpses into the neuroscience of these curious behaviors engaging. -- K. S. Milar * Choice *Do you think that each of the behaviors covered here is merely a randomly eccentric human quirk? Think again. For each of these odd functions, Provine dexterously combines wit, a fine way with words, and precise scientific context, to show us the evolutionary reason behind it… This is a delectable presentation for all who love the territory between pop and hardcore science writing. Highly recommended. -- Margaret Heilbrun * Library Journal *The book provides a not-yet definitive, but often fascinating, take on our most curious behaviors. * Publishers Weekly *Robert Provine shows how the methods of sidewalk neuroscience (simple and cheap observations of everyday life that everyone can do) can give rise to an alternative science of psychology. This is a delight to read, fascinating and humane and very often funny. -- Paul Bloom, Yale University, author of How Pleasure WorksCurious Behavior offers a lively and often surprising look at all the different ways we sneeze, cough, yawn, and broadcast other bodily functions. Open this book, which is based on serious research but reads like a detective novel, and find out how much more there is to such behavior than you ever thought. -- Frans de Waal, Emory University, author of The Age of EmpathyA lively and entertaining romp through the quirks and oddities of the least controllable of human behaviors. The writing style and topics are so provocative, one is hard pressed not to enact these behaviors while reading. -- Rachel Herz, Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, author of That’s DisgustingWhy do we laugh? Why do we yawn? Why do we cry? What is itch? Finally, here is a book that addresses these age-old issues! Provine, the leading researcher of such phenomena, discovers the extraordinary hidden in plain sight. It’s a joy to read. -- James W. Kalat, North Carolina State University, author of Biological Psychology (11th ed.)The indefatigably curious Robert Provine explores the little quirks of behavior that—so far—have fascinated everyone but the scientists, and in doing so illuminates many aspects of our social lives, inner lives, and evolutionary origins. -- Steven Pinker, Harvard College Professor of Psychology, Harvard University, author of How the Mind Works and The Better Angels of Our NatureIn this marvelous book, Provine—a pioneer in the field—puts these phenomena in proper evolutionary contexts, arguing that such seemingly odd quirks can often illuminate our understanding of human nature. -- V. S. Ramachandran, University of California, San Diego, author of The Tell-Tale Brain

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Chris Chambers's portrait should sit high on the wall of heroes in the movement to reform science. A cognitive neuroscientist and psychologist, Chambers has had an important role as an editor and advocate in identifying, challenging and changing practices responsible for the reproducibility crisis... This book is written for anyone curious about how science might repair itself. It should be required reading in university courses on research methods."--Barbara A. Spellman, Nature "Psychology: it's not dead yet. But Chris Chambers makes a stark case for its having engaged in sins that call its validity into question."--Luna C. M. Centifanti, Times Higher EducationTable of ContentsPreface ix 1 The Sin of Bias 1 A Brief History of the "Yes Man" 4 Neophilia: When the Positive and New Trumps the Negative but True 8 Replicating Concepts Instead of Experiments 13 Reinventing History 16 The Battle against Bias 20 2 The Sin of Hidden Flexibility 22 p-Hacking 24 Peculiar Patterns of p 29 Ghost Hunting 34 Unconscious Analytic "Tuning" 35 Biased Debugging 39 Are Research Psychologists Just Poorly Paid Lawyers? 40 Solutions to Hidden Flexibility 41 3 The Sin of Unreliability 46 Sources of Unreliability in Psychology 48 Reason 1: Disregard for Direct Replication 48 Reason 2: Lack of Power 55 Reason 3: Failure to Disclose Methods 61 Reason 4: Statistical Fallacies 63 Reason 5: Failure to Retract 65 Solutions to Unreliability 67 4 The Sin of Data Hoarding 75 The Untold Benefits of Data Sharing 77 Failure to Share 78 Secret Sharing 80 How Failing to Share Hides Misconduct 81 Making Data Sharing the Norm 84 Grassroots, Carrots, and Sticks 88 Unlocking the Black Box 91 Preventing Bad Habits 94 5 The Sin of Corruptibility 96 The Anatomy of Fraud 99 The Thin Gray Line 105 When Junior Scientists Go Astray 112 Kate's Story 117 The Dirty Dozen: How to Get Away with Fraud 122 6 The Sin of Internment 126 The Basics of Open Access Publishing 128 Why Do Psychologists Support Barrier-Based Publishing? 129 Hybrid OA as Both a Solution and a Problem 132 Calling in the Guerrillas 136 Counterarguments 138 An Open Road 147 7 The Sin of Bean Counting 149 Roads to Nowhere 151 Impact Factors and Modern-Day Astrology 151 Wagging the Dog 160 The Murky Mess of Academic Authorship 163 Roads to Somewhere 168 8 Redemption 171 Solving the Sins of Bias and Hidden Flexibility 174 Registered Reports: A Vaccine against Bias 174 Preregistration without Peer Review 196 Solving the Sin of Unreliability 198 Solving the Sin of Data Hoarding 202 Solving the Sin of Corruptibility 205 Solving the Sin of Internment 208 Solving the Sin of Bean Counting 210 Concrete Steps for Reform 213 Coda 215 Notes 219 Index 263

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Book SynopsisWhen it comes to politics, we often perceive our own beliefs as fair and socially beneficial, while seeing opposing views as merely self-serving. But in fact most political views are governed by self-interest, even if we usually don't realize it. Challenging our fiercely held notions about what motivates us politically, this book explores how self-Trade Review"[T]hought provoking."--John R. Hibbing, Science "[T]his disturbing book may provoke debate, dismay and considerable anger."--Kirkus "[A]n unusually witty and engaging academic book."--Ethan Epstein, National Journal "[I]nteresting throughout."--Tyler Cowen, Marginal Revolution "The Hidden Agenda of the Political Mind is provocative and often persuasive... Weeden and Kurzban remind us that self-interest is a complicated concept."--Glenn C. Altschuler, Huffington Post "The book is a thoughtful reminder that politics is often simply a contest over finite resources in which different voters want opposing things."--John McDermott, Financial Times "Authors Weeden and Kurzban have written a well-researched ... analysis of the political mind... [T]he book satisfies the intellectual demands of researchers and general readers. Perfect for fans of Thomas Frank's What's the Matter with Kansas?"--Library Journal "Weeden and Kurzban's book is well worth a read."--Anthony Randazzo, Reason "Weeden and Kurzban's argument will trouble those who believe that politics is about more than trying to find ways to satisfy one's interests."--Choice "[O]ne of the most interesting books I have read on politics in quite a while... A fascinating book."--Daniel Finkelstein, The Times (London) "The book makes an interesting contribution to our understanding of political attitudes and is accessible to a wide audience interested in political science... The Hidden Agenda of the Political Mind answers an important question and provides new depth to many of the popular theories on opinion formation and partisan attachments... By showing how self-interest factors into our decision making in ways we do not even consciously understand and how political parties exploit that to their advantage and by doing so in a way that is accessible outside an academic audience, the authors will likely make a significant contribution to the general understanding of public opinion."--Chad Murphy, The Journal of Politics "An important contribution to a field dominated by group-oriented explanations."--Christopher Weber, Political Science QuarterlyTable of ContentsPart I: Political Minds Chapter 1: Agendas in Action 3 Chapter 2: Investigating Interests 26 Chapter 3: Machiavellian Minds 44 Part II: Political Issues Chapter 4: Fighting over Sex: Lifestyle Issues and Religion 69 Chapter 5: Rules of the Game: Group Identities and Human Capital 96 Chapter 6: Money Matters: Redistribution and Hard-Times Programs 123 Part III: Political Coalitions Chapter 7: The Many Shades of Red and Blue 145 Chapter 8: The Republican Coalition 160 Chapter 9: The Democratic Coalition 176 Part IV: Political Challenges Chapter 10: An Uncomfortable Take on Political Positions 195 Acknowledgments 217 Appendixes 219 Data Appendix for Chapter 2 219 Data Appendix for Part II 236 Data Appendix for Chapter 4 251 Data Appendix for Chapter 5 268 Data Appendix for Chapter 6 287 Data Appendix for Chapter 8 304 Data Appendix for Chapter 9 321 Notes 343 References 351 Index 359

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"The New Mind Readers will teach you some things about the brain. More important, it may also teach you how to use one."---Matthew Hutson, Wall Street Journal"In his book The New Mind Readers, Russell Poldrack . . . present[s] a clear and engaging overview of what neuroimaging can and cannot tell us about a person’s thoughts, perceptions, and intentions. Going beyond basic mechanisms, Poldrack tackles a number of fundamental questions about the research process, data interpretation, and applications for everyday life."---Daphne A. Robinson, Science"Poldrack is an ideal guide [to fMRI methods]. . . . His enthusiasm for them is clear, as is his frustration at how their data have been misinterpreted and abused."---Chris Baker, Nature"This is a useful book."---George Shortess, Leonardo Review

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Book SynopsisNeuroscience, with its astounding new technologies, is uncovering the workings of the brain and with this perhaps the mind. The 'neuro' prefix spills out into every area of life, from neuroaesthetics to neuroeconomics, neurogastronomy and neuroeducation.Trade Review"This book is a bold, forthright and courageous commentary on looming cultural trends�a true tour de force." Scientific American �An important corrective to the rise of neuroscientific ideas, and to the neoliberal ideology that spawned them.� CounterfireTable of ContentsIntroduction 1 The Rise and Rise of the Neurosciences 2 The Neurosciences Go Mega 3 Early Intervention: Making the Most of Ourselves in the Twenty-First Century 4 Neuroscience Goes to School Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis book is a call to action to address the sometimes difficult transition many soldiers face when returning to civilian life. It explores the development, performance, and reception of Contact!Unload, a play that brings to life the personal stories of veterans returning from deployment overseas.The play presents an arts-based therapeutic approach to dealing with trauma. Researchers in theatre and group counselling collaborated with military veterans through a series of workshops to create and perform the work. Based on the lives of military veterans, it depicts ways of overcoming stress injuries encountered during service. The book, which includes the full script of the play, offers academic, artistic, personal, and theoretical perspectives from people directly involved in the performances of Contact!Unload as well as those who witnessed the work as audience members. The play and book serve as a model for using arts-based approaches to mental health care aTable of ContentsIntroduction / Graham W. Lea and George BelliveauPart 1: Researching, Developing, and Creating1 Staging War: Historical Contexts of Theatre and Social Health Initiatives with Veterans / Michael Balfour2 Contact!Unload: The Cauldron / Chuck MacKinnon3 Facilitating Therapeutic Change through Theatre Performance / Alistair G. Gordon, Marv Westwood, and Carson A. Kivari4 A Soldier’s Tale: “Nobody Understood What I’d Done” / Britney Dennison5 Listening through Stories: Insights into Writing Contact!Unload / Graham W. Lea6 Suicides to Sydney / Foster Eastman7 Coming Home / Tim Laidler8 Reconnaissance and Reclamation: Learning to Talk about the War / Anna Keefe9 Impact on Veteran Performers / George Belliveau, Blair McLean, and Christopher Cook10 Holding on to the Script / Phillip LoprestiContact!Unload: Annotated Playscript Part 2: Performing, Witnessing, and Evaluating11 Finding My Truth / Timothy Garthside12 Unpacking Contact!Unload Using Relational-Cultural Theory / Candace Marshall with Graham W. Lea13 Contact!Unload Revisited: Degrees of Separation / Lynn Fels14 Remembering / Carl Leggo15 A Poet(h)ic Reflection on Contact!Unload: Voices of Women Through War/ Heather Duff16 Soldiers Lead the Way in the Fight for Mental Health among Men / John S. Ogrodniczuk17 Audience Experience of Vicarious Witnessing in Performing War / Marion Porath, Marla Buchanan, and Elizabeth Banister18 Understanding the Impacts of Contact!Unload on Audiences / Jennica Nichols, Susan M. Cox, and George Belliveau19 Vulnerable Strength Seen / JS Valdez and Jennica NicholsConclusion / George Belliveau and Graham W. LeaContributors; Index

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Book SynopsisDrawing almost exclusively from extensive primary accounts, Dennis W. Brandt presents a detailed case study of mental stress that is exceptional in the vast literature of the American Civil War. Pathway to Hell offers sobering insight into the horrors that war wreaked upon one young man and illuminates the psychological aspect of the War Between the States.Table of ContentsForeword by Richard WheelerPrefaceAcknowledgmentsAbbreviationsPrologue: And So It Concludes1. Influences2. Growing Up3. Pennsylvania Calls4. When It Was Still Called Glory5. Fight!6. Down in the Valley7. Closer to Darkness8. Bloodiest Day9. Hell Itself10. Top of the Slide11. Depths12. Home, Where the War Never Ends13. Analyzing the Dead14. Was Angelo Unique?EpilogueA Psychiatric Meditation: Thoughts on Angelo Crapsey by Thomas P. Lowry, MDSelected BibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisStaff Sergeant Jeremiah Workman is one of the Marine Corps's best-known contemporary combat veterans. In this searing and inspiring memoir, he tells an unforgettable story of his service overseas - and of the emotional wars that continue long after fighting soldiers come home.Trade Review“A raw, heartfelt account of how a man of valor lost his bearings and eventually found the courage to share his story.”—Bing West“Searing. . . . In its depiction of combat, Shadow of the Sword ranks with Marcus Luttrell’s Lone Survivor.”—Wall Street Journal“This superior addition to the literature on the Iraq War is an exceptionally vivid account of combat and its aftermath. . . . Workman’s testimony gives hope that those suffering the nightmare of PTSD can free themselves sufficiently to avoid becoming additional casualties of the current war.”—Booklist“An important book about a debilitating injury that thousands of warriors struggle with each day. It is only fair that Americans understand the true costs of war. Be informed. Be inspired. Read this book.”—Wesley R. Gray, U.S. Naval Institute’s Proceedings magazine“A brutally honest account of Workman’s daily struggle…, which, as the author reveals, has destroyed or crippled the lives of hundreds of thousands of combat veterans of America's wars.”—James C. Roberts, Washington Times“In writing this moving and incredibly honest book, Jeremiah Workman shows as much courage as he did in Fallujah. His story gives hope to everyone who struggles that they, too, can overcome if they just keep fighting—one day at a time, one battle at a time, one victory at a time.”—Donovan Campbell, author of the New York Times bestseller Joker OneTable of ContentsForeword by Sergeant Major Carlton W. KentPrologue: Stairwell to NowherePART IChapter 1 - Reflection of the DamnedChapter 2 - The Man without a FaceChapter 3 - Mop-Up CrewChapter 4 - DiagnosisChapter 5 - A Mind at WarChapter 6 - BeaufortChapter 7 - Drug TripChapter 8 - The Last MedalChapter 9 - Ten-Step Kill ZoneChapter 10 - Break ContactPART IIChapter 11 - Link by LinkChapter 12 - DisconnectChapter 13 - Eight-Thousand-Mile Sniper ShotChapter 14 - The Ghost of Ira HayesChapter 15 - A Moment in the TroughChapter 16 - Lost MomentPART IIIChapter 17 - Return to the IslandChapter 18 - BrothersChapter 19 - Bleeding LoveChapter 20 - The Dark Side of the BrotherhoodPART IVChapter 21 - The Wrong FightChapter 22 - BootstrapsChapter 23 - Scorched EarthChapter 24 - Human BombChapter 25 - Field-Grade HeroChapter 26 - ObliterationChapter 27 - CraterscapeChapter 28 - Battlefield RequiemChapter 29 - October DawnChapter 30 - ReconstructionChapter 31 - GenerationsChapter 32 - SetbacksChapter 33 - No Higher HonorChapter 34 - February 21, 2007Epilogue: The Shadow WarFinal Notes: Fall 2008Acknowledgments

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Book SynopsisThe second edition of the seminal text designed to empower educators with an innovative conceptual framework for teaching. The book is grounded in the synergy of five big ideas for connecting mind, brain, and education research to classroom practice: neuroplasticity, potential, malleable intelligence, the Body-Brain System, and metacognition.Table of Contents Foreword by Robert Calfee  ix Acknowledgments  xi Preface xiii Introduction 1 Teacher Education and Professional Development: Preparing, Developing, and Supporting Teachers by Providing Them with a Firm Foundation 1 Teachers as Learners: Enhancing Mindsets and Methods 4 Five Big Ideas from Research to Application 5 Prologue: Challenges and Opportunities in 21st Century Schooling 9 In Support of a Gold Standard for Educational Professionals: Teachers as Adaptive Experts and Lifelong Learners 11 Challenges in the Current System of Teacher Education and Schooling 12 Tools for Learning and Teaching in the 21st Century 14 Brain, Plasticity, Potential, and Intelligence 15 The Body-Brain System 17 Metacognition 19 The Challenges of Teaching Today 21 Opportunities Knock for Lifelong Learners 24 Connecting the Science of Learning to the Art of Teaching 27 1. Big Idea 1: Implications of Neural Plasticity for Learning and Teaching 28 Understanding the Science of Neural Plasticity 30 Brain Development Over the Life Span 33 Plasticity Research and the Classroom 37 From Research to Classroom Practice: Plasticity in Action 41 What's the Big Idea? 45 2. Big Idea 2: Recognizing Human Potential 48 Misunderstanding Potential: The Fixed Mindset 50 Defining Potential in the Classroom 51 Teacher Expectations About Their Students' Learning Potential 54 Educational Leadership: Beyond the Classroom 59 From Research to Classroom Practice: Guiding Students to Actualize Their Learning Potential 61 What's the Big Idea? 62 3. Big Idea 3: Understanding Intelligence 65 Conceptions of Intelligence 68 Dynamic, Changeable Intelligence 73 Malleable Intelligence, Growth Mindsets, and Student Learning 73 Malleable Intelligence, Motivation, and Effort  75 Rehearsal: Talent vs. Deliberate Practice 79 Using Formative Assessment for Intelligence-Building 81 Educational Leadership: Beyond the Classroom 82 From Research to Classroom Practice: Intelligence and a Growth Mindset for 21st Century Success 82 What's the Big Idea? 89 4. Big Idea 4: The Body-Brain System at Work for Learning 92 Social and Emotional Learning 93 Modeling and Teaching Practical Optimism 97 Managing Stress 99 Stronger Bodies, Sharper Minds 100 The Search for Causal Connections 103 High-Octane Fuel for Learning 105 Preparing for Learning with a Good Night's Sleep 107 From Research to Classroom Practice: Putting the Body-Brain System to Work 108 What's the Big Idea?  111 5. Big Idea 5: Metacognition as a Path to Becoming Functionally Smarter 115 Metacognition Through the Ages 116 Thinking About Thinking: Two Layers of Learning 117 Connecting Metacognition and Executive Function 119 Teaching and Facilitating the Use of Cognitive Strategies 121 Connecting Cognitive Strategies to Current Rigorous Standards 123 Gathering Information 124 Exploring and Elaborating 128 Communicating What You Have Learned 134 Teaching Cognitive and Metacognitive Strategies by Example 138 A Metacognitive Approach to Social and Emotional Learning 140 From Research to Classroom Practice: Learning by Teaching and Reflecting on Your Professional Practice 144 What's the Big Idea? 145 6. Teaching, Learning, and Neuroeducation Myth Busting 148 Becoming an "Apprentice" of Effective Education 149 There Is More to 21st Century Education Than the 3 Rs—A Lot More 150 You Can Get Better at Almost Anything If You Set Your Mind to It 152 Your Brain Is a Learning Muscle—Build It 153 Early Intensive Reading Instruction Can Open New Worlds 154 The Little Engine That Could Had the Right Idea 155 Don't Forget: You Can Remember 157 Support Physical Activity to Support Learning 160 Your Role as a Myth Buster 161 7. Your Journey of Learning and Teaching 162 The Importance of Learning Together 163 Connecting with a Worldwide Professional Learning Community  170 The Joy of Informal Learning 172 Rising to the Hope and Challenges of Your Professional Practice 173 References 176 Index 196 About the Authors 209

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Book SynopsisThis clinically-focused volume is informed by Lawrence I. Golbe's three decades of research and tertiary clinical care in progressive supranuclear palsy. It is an ideal source for the general neurologist seeking a refresher and the primary care provider, neurological nurse, or physical, occupational or speech therapist who must address their patients' specialized needs.Trade Review"Lawrence I. Golbe, a distinguished expert on Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, presents a timely guide for practicing clinicians. An essential reading and reliable roadmap in dynamic days."— Günter U. Höglinger, MD “Professor Golbe’s guide is the story, well told and easily read, of a passionate clinician’s long journey towards understanding of this rare disease. It is comprehensive, a literary landmark of 2018, and it gives optimism about eventual cure."— John C. Steele, M.D.Table of ContentsPreface 1. History 2. Descriptive Epidemiology 3. Analytical Epidemiology 4. Clinical Rating Scales for PSP 5. The Clinical Spectrum of PSP 6. Differential Diagnosis 7. Diagnostic Criteria for PSP 8. Diagnosis of Early PSP 9. Cognitive and Behavioral Features 10. Eye movement 11. Dysarthria 12. Dysphagia 13. Physical and Occupational Therapy 14. Palliative care 15. Sleep 16. Imaging 17. Genetics 18. Drug Treatment for General and Motor Features 19. Emergency Management of PSP 20. Organization and Infrastructure of PSP Care 21. What’s Coming? About the Author

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Book SynopsisAims to illustrate how social organization and private, emotional experience are different phases of the social process. This title shows the steps by which emotional experience is shaped by social structural process and how these processes are changed by individuals' emotional experience.

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Book SynopsisIn this companion work to the highly acclaimed Philosophical Foundations of Neuroscience, the distinguished neurophysiologist M.R. Bennett and eminent philosopher P.M.S. Hacker return to the relationship between brain function and our psychological attributes.Table of ContentsList of figures xii List of plates xvi Foreword by Sir Anthony Kenny (President of the British Academy, 1989–93) xvii Acknowledgements xx Introduction 1 1. Perceptions, Sensations and Cortical Function: Helmholtz to Singer 4 1.1 Visual Illusions and their Interpretation by Cognitive Scientists 4 1.1.1 Misdescription of visual illusions by cognitive scientists 9 1.2 Gestalt Laws of Vision 10 1.3 Split-Brain Commissurotomy; the Two Hemispheres may Operate Independently 11 1.3.1 Misdescription of the results of commissurotomy 13 1.3.2 Explaining the discoveries derived from commissurotomies 13 1.4 Specificity of Cortical Neurons 15 1.4.1 Cardinal cells 18 1.4.2 Misdescription of experiments leading to the conception of cardinal cells 20 1.5 Multiple Pathways Connecting Visual Cortical Modules 22 1.6 Mental Images and Representations 26 1.6.1 Misconceptions about images and representations 28 1.7 What and Where Pathways in Object Recognition and Maps 30 1.8 Misuse of the Term ‘Maps’ 31 1.9 The Binding Problem and 40 Hz Oscillations 32 1.9.1 Misconceptions concerning the existence of a binding problem 37 1.9.2 On the appropriate interpretation of synchronicity of neuronal firing in visual cortex 38 1.10 Images and Imagining 39 1.10.1 Misconceptions concerning images and imagining 41 2. Attention, Awareness and Cortical Function: Helmholtz to Raichle 44 2.1 The Concept of Attention 44 2.2 The Psychophysics of Attention 46 2.3 Neuroscience of Attention 55 2.3.1 Attention and arousal 56 2.3.2 Selective attention 58 2.4 Attention Related to Brain Structures 60 2.4.1 Superior colliculus 60 2.4.2 Parietal cortex 67 2.4.3 Visual cortex 71 2.4.4 Auditory cortex 72 2.5 Conclusion 74 3. Memory and Cortical Function: Milner to Kandel 77 3.1 Memory 77 3.1.1 The hippocampus is required for memory, which decays at two different rates 77 3.1.2 Memory is of two kinds: declarative and non-declarative 77 3.1.3 Cellular and molecular studies of non-declarative memory in invertebrates 80 3.1.4 Declarative memory and the hippocampus 82 3.1.5 Long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic transmission in the hippocampus 84 3.1.6 Cellular and molecular mechanisms of declarative memory in the hippocampus 93 3.1.7 Summary 94 3.2 Memory and Knowledge 96 3.2.1 Memory 99 3.2.2 Memory and storage 103 3.3 The Contribution of Neuroscience to Understanding Memory 113 4. Language and Cortical Function: Wernicke to Levelt 115 4.1 Introduction: Psycholinguistics and the Neuroanatomy of Language 115 4.2 The Theory of Wernicke/Lichtheim 120 4.2.1 Introduction: Wernicke 120 4.2.1.1 Images of sensations 121 4.2.1.2 Movement images 122 4.2.1.3 Voluntary movement 123 4.2.1.4 Sound images and language 125 4.2.1.5 Language acquisition, words and concepts 126 4.2.2 Lichtheim’s concept centre 128 4.2.3 Concepts and representations 129 4.2.4 Conclusion 130 4.3 The Mental Dictionary and its Units: Treisman 130 4.4 The Modular Study of Word Recognition and Reading Aloud: Morton 132 4.4.1 The model system 132 4.4.2 The cognitive system 135 4.4.3 Thought units 140 4.4.4 Computational studies 141 4.5 The Modular Study of Fluent Speech: Levelt 141 4.5.1 The model study 141 4.5.2 Development of the model system 145 4.6 The Functional Neuroanatomy of Language Comprehension 147 4.6.1 Attention to visual compared with semantic aspects of words 147 4.6.2 Auditory compared with visual presentation of words 149 4.6.3 Attention to the semantic as compared to the syntactic aspect of a sentence 149 4.7 The Functional Neuroanatomy of Speech 152 4.7.1 Speech 152 4.7.2 Spoken action words and colour words 153 4.7.3 Naming animals and tools 154 4.7.4 Speaking with strings of words compared with single words 158 4.7.5 Word repetition 161 4.8 The Functional Neuroanatomy that Underpins Psycholinguistic Accounts of Language 162 5. Emotion and Cortical-Subcortical Function: Darwin to Damasio 164 5.1 Introduction 164 5.2 Darwin 167 5.3 Cognitive versus Precognitive Theories for the Expression of Emotions 169 5.3.1 On physiological measurements of emotional responses 173 5.3.2 Involvement of the amygdala and the orbitofrontal cortex in the emotional responses to faces 174 5.4 The Amygdala 174 5.4.1 Faces expressing different emotions and the amygdala: PET and fMRI 174 5.4.2 Behavioural studies involving face recognition following damage to the amygdala 179 5.4.3 Fear conditioning and the amygdala 181 5.4.4 Is cognitive appraisal an important ingredient in emotional experience? LeDoux’s interpretations of his experiments on the amygdala 181 5.4.5 ‘Fear’ is unrepresentative of the emotions 182 5.5 The Orbitofrontal Cortex 183 5.5.1 Behavioural studies involving face recognition following damage to the orbitofrontal cortex 183 5.5.2 The orbitofrontal cortex and face recognition: PET and fMRI 183 5.5.3 The orbitofrontal cortex and the satisfying of appetites: Rolls’s interpretation of his experiments on the orbitofrontal cortex 186 5.5.4 Misconceptions about emotions and appetites 187 5.6 Neural Networks: Amygdala and Orbitofrontal Cortex in Vision 187 5.6.1 Amygdala 187 5.6.2 Orbitofrontal cortex 190 5.7 The Origins of Emotional Experience 191 5.7.1 The claims of LeDoux 191 5.7.2 The claims of Rolls 193 5.7.3 The claims of Damasio, following James 193 5.7.4 Misconceptions concerning the somatic marker hypothesis of James/Damasio 194 6. Motor Action and Cortical-Spinal Cord Function: Galen to Broca and Sherrington 199 6.1 The Ventricular Doctrine, from Galen to Descartes 199 6.1.1 Galen: motor and sensory centres 199 6.1.2 Galen: the functional localization of the rational soul in the anterior ventricles 201 6.1.3 Nemesius: the attribution of all mental functions to the ventricles 201 6.1.4 One thousand years of the ventricular doctrine 203 6.1.5 Fernel: the origins of neurophysiology 206 6.1.6 Descartes 208 6.2 The Cortical Doctrine: from Willis to du Petit 214 6.2.1 Thomas Willis: the origins of psychological functions in the cortex 214 6.2.2 The cortex 100 years after Willis 216 6.3 The Spinal Soul, the Spinal Sensorium Commune, and the Idea of a Reflex 219 6.3.1 The spinal cord can operate independently of the enkephalon 219 6.3.2 Bell and Magendie: the identification of sensory and motor spinal nerves 222 6.3.3 Marshall Hall: isolating sensation from sense-reaction in the spinal cord 223 6.3.4 Elaboration of the conception of the ‘true spinal marrow’ 225 6.3.5 Implications of the conception of a reflex for the function of the cortex 227 6.4 The Localization of Function in the Cortex 227 6.4.1 Broca: the cortical area for language 227 6.4.2 Fritsch and Hitzig: the motor cortex 227 6.4.3 Electrical phenomena in the cortex support the idea of a motor cortex 231 6.5 Charles Scott Sherrington: the Integrative Action of Synapses in the Spinal Cord and Cortex 231 6.5.1 Integrative action in the spinal cord 231 6.5.2 The motor cortex 236 7. Conceptual Presuppositions of Cognitive Neuroscience 237 7.1 Conceptual Elucidation 237 7.2 Two Paradigms: Aristotle and Descartes 240 7.3 Aristotle’s Principle and the Mereological Fallacy 241 7.4 Is the Mereological Fallacy Really Mereological? 243 7.5 The Rationale of the Mereological Principle 245 7.5.1 Consciousness 245 7.5.2 Knowledge 246 7.5.3 Perception 247 7.6 The Location of Psychological Attributes 250 7.7 Linguistic Anthropology, Auto-anthropology, Metaphor and Extending Usage 253 7.8 Qualia 260 7.9 Enskulled Brains 262 7.10 Cognitive Neuroscience 262 References 264 Index 281

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Book SynopsisPositively Smarter brings together seven principles for connecting the science of neuroplasticity to practical strategies for enhancing the synergy of happiness, achievement, and physical well-being. Moving beyond common myths, the text builds an evidence-based paradigm to empower readers to take practical steps to move forward. Brings together current research on cognitive psychology, education (learning), and implications of neuroscience to suggest powerful ways to enhance the kind of cognitive function and productivity that leads to happiness and success Applies implications of current research showing that happiness is a skill and that positive affect can lead to higher levels of creative problem solving, productivity, achievement, and well-being Shares research and strategies for supporting physical activity and nutrition that may enhance neuroplasticity, cognitive performance, and positive affect Puts learners first and thenTable of ContentsAcknowledgments xiii Introduction 1 Appreciating Brain Plasticity: The Key to Redefining Potential 4 The Path to Positively Smarter 4 Our Personal Introductions to the Science That Supports Ways for Becoming Positively Smarter 8 1 Building a Smarter Brain 11 Neuroplasticity in Action 12 Your Brain at Work: A Continual Construction Zone 14 Beyond Conventional Wisdom: Harnessing Your Neurocognitive Synergy 21 Intelligence Takes Many Forms 21 People of All Ages Have the Capacity to Improve Their Knowledge and Abilities 23 What We Do Has a Greater Influence on How We Age Than Genetics 24 How We Think Can Influence Our Health 24 We Can Build Muscle and Become Stronger Well into Our Eighties 25 It’s Hard to Identify the Children Who Are “Destined for Greatness” 25 Perceptions about Malleable vs. Fixed Intelligence Matter—a Lot 26 Plasticity as a Path to Becoming Positively Smarter 29 A New Positive Paradigm 35 The Innate Talent (IT) Paradigm 35 The Untapped Potential (UP) Paradigm 36 2 Why Happiness Matters 41 Reaping the Many Benefits of Happiness 42 I’ll Be Happy When . . . 45 What Is This Thing Called Happiness? 47 Spirituality and Religion as Sources of Happiness 51 Tapping into the Science of Happiness 51 Achieving Greater Happiness Through Practical Metacognition 54 Applying the CIA Model 55 CIA in Action: Happiness and Subjective Well-Being 57 3 Stop Daydreaming and Start Thinking Your Way to Higher Levels of Happiness 60 Connecting Thinking and Feeling 63 The Focused Fifteen 67 1. Savor the Wow of Now 67 2. Work at Maintaining an Upbeat Attitude with Positive Self-Talk 69 3. Picture a Positive Future 73 4. Kindness the Killer App 74 5. Active Appreciation: Create and Tune into Your Appreciation Station 76 6. Give It a Break: Hang Your Problems Away for a While 77 7. Treat Your Relationships Like a Treasure (Because They Are) 78 8. Pursue Flow 80 9. Pursue Smarter Goals 80 10. Enhance Your Resilience: Build Your Own Palmetto Fort 82 11. Untie the Knots That Bind: Free Yourself with Forgiveness 83 12. Move Your Body, Boost Your Mood 84 13. Smile, and Your Brain Smiles with You 85 14. Play to Your Peak Strengths 85 15. Practice the Art of Treasuring 86 How to Be Less HappyMore of the Time 87 Maintain Your Positive Focus by Playing Your ACE 88 4 Working Toward Achieving Your Goals 92 Realizing Our Potential 93 “Natural” Talent vs. Deliberate Practice 95 Motivation to Take Positive Risks 98 Finding “Flow” 101 Putting Your Will to Work 102 Getting Gritty as a Path to Achievement 106 Build Your “Memory Muscle” to Make the Most of Your Work 108 A Personal Perspective on the Payoff for Hard Work 111 5 Working Smarter with Practical Metacognition 117 The Input–Processing–Output Model of Learning 121 Cognitive Assets You Can Develop to Work Smarter 123 Clear Intent 124 Appropriate Courage 125 Systematic Search and Planning 126 Understanding and Managing Time 127 Cognitive Flexibility 128 Learning from Experience 129 Finishing Power 129 Pacing on the Path to Positively Smarter 131 Practical Metacognition in Action: Lessons from the Grameen Bank 133 6 Better Together 136 Born to Be Social: Impact on Health and Well-Being 139 Anatomy of the Social Brain 141 Getting “Socially Smarter” 143 Accentuate the Positive 144 Polish Your Listening Skills 146 Consider Others’ Points of View 147 Establish Rapport 148 Learn Together 149 Become a Great Encourager 150 Contribute to the “Social Capital” of Your Community 152 Being Social in a High-Tech World 153 7 Building a Smarter Body–Brain System Through Exercise 159 Work Out the Body to Keep the Brain Young 161 New Muscle Is Young Muscle 163 The Body–Brain System Inside and Outside the Classroom 166 Reward Your Body with Adequate Rest 168 Find What You Love 169 Making Exercise Part of Your Routine 170 Putting the Research on Exercise into Personal Practice 171 Low Heart Rate Route to Runners’ High 173 Winning Our Blades: A Positive Payoff 173 8 Fuel Your Body–Brain System for Peak Performance 177 The Brain Benefits of “Going Mediterranean” 179 What’s on Your Plate? 181 Why and How to Eat Smarter 182 Better by the Dozen: Twelve Power Foods to Fuel Well-Being 188 Educational Implications of Becoming “HealthWise” 191 9 Bringing It All Together, Putting It into Practice 197 Forging a New Foundation Grounded in Neuroplasticity 199 Examples of the UP Paradigm in Practice 201 Seven Principles of the Positively Smarter Approach 202 Principle 1: Keep Neuroplasticity Front of Mind 203 Principle 2: Build the Skills of Optimism and Happiness 203 Principle 3: Appreciate Your Potential to Become Smarter 203 Principle 4: Apply Practical Metacognition and Cognitive Assets 204 Principle 5: Use Your Social Brain to Enhance Well-Being and Achievement 204 Principle 6: Get Moving to Grow Your Brain (and Become Fitter, Stronger, Smarter, and Happier) 205 Principle 7: Fuel Your Body–Brain System to Enhance Productivity and Learning 205 Capitalize on Your Neurocognitive Synergy 206 The Practical Metacognition Process for Pursuing Important Goals 206 Thanks for Joining Us on a Journey to Becoming Positively Smarter 209 Appendix 212 Index 219 About the Authors 229

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive guide to empirical and theoretical research advances in culture and biology interplay Culture and biology are considered as two domains of equal importance and constant coevolution, although they have traditionally been studied in isolation. The Handbook of Culture and Biology is a comprehensive resource that focuses on theory and research in culture and biology interplay. This emerging field centers on how these two processes have evolved together, how culture, biology, and environment influence each other, and how they shape behavior, cognition, and development among humans and animals across multiple levels, types, timeframes, and domains of analysis. The text provides an overview of current empirical and theoretical advances in culture and biology interplay research through the work of some of the most influential scholars in the field. Harnessing insights from a range of disciplines (e.g., biology, neuroscience, primatology, psychology) and research methods (experiTable of ContentsBiographical Notes ix Foreword: On Culture and Biology xvii Preface: Why Culture and Biology? xxiii Part I General Issues in Culture and Biology Interplay 1 Introduction to Culture and Biology Interplay 3Jose M. Causadias, Eva H. Telzer, and Nancy A. Gonzales 2 Integrating Culture and Biology in Psychological Research: Conceptual Clarifications and Recommendations 31Moin Syed and Ummul-Kiram Kathawalla 3 Understanding Religion from Cultural and Biological Perspectives 55Stefanie B. Northover and Adam B. Cohen Part II Animal Culture 4 Introduction to Animal Culture: Is Culture Uniquely Human? 81Charles T. Snowdon 5 Comparing and Contrasting Primate and Cetacean Culture 105Jennifer Botting, Erica van deWaal, and Luke Rendell 6 Cultural Phenomena in Cooperatively Breeding Primates 129Charles T. Snowdon Part III Cultural Genomics 7 How Are Genes Related to Culture? An Introduction to the Field of Cultural Genomics 153Jose M. Causadias and Kevin M. Korous 8 Dual Inheritance, Cultural Transmission, and Niche Construction 179Michael J. O’Brien and R. Alexander Bentley 9 How the Study of Religion and Culture Informs Genetics and Vice Versa 203Ronda F. Lo and Joni Y. Sasaki Part IV Cultural Neurobiology 10 An Introduction to Cultural Neurobiology: Evidence from Physiological Stress Systems 227Leah D. Doane, Michael R. Sladek, and Emma K. Adam 11 Relations among Culture, Poverty, Stress, and Allostatic Load 255Stacey N. Doan and Gary W. Evans 12 Biological Consequences of Unfair Treatment: A Theoretical and Empirical Review 279Anthony D. Ong, Saarang Deshpande, and David R.Williams 13 Cultural Experiences, Social Ties, and Stress: Focusing on the HPA Axis 317Shu-wenWang and Belinda Campos 14 Cultural Influences on Parasympathetic Activity 345LaBarron K. Hill and Lori S. Hoggard 15 Neurobiology of Stress and Drug Use Vulnerability in Culturally Diverse Communities 369EzemenariM. Obasi, Kristin A.Wilborn, Lucia Cavanagh, Sandra Yan, and Ewune Ewane Part V Cultural Neuroscience 16 An Introduction to Cultural Neuroscience 399Lynda C. Lin and Eva H. Telzer 17 Neurobiological Causes and Consequences of Cultural Differences in Social Cognition 421Meghan L. Meyer 18 Culture and Self–Other Overlap in Neural Circuits 443Michael E.W. Varnum and Ryan S. Hampton 19 Developmental Cultural Neuroscience: Progress and Prospect 465Yang Qu and Eva H. Telzer Index 489

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Book SynopsisAn unprecedented book that discusses a decades long journey of understanding vision and visual impairment through working with patients with brain damage Edward de Haan, a noted clinical vision researcher for the last 35 years, explains how the healthy brain deals with visual information and reveals how he learned to appreciate what it means to be visually impaired. Through discussions of fascinating case studies, he shows that visual deficits are individually unique. Some patients perceive the world without color, some see objects in a distorted manner, whilst others will claim that they can still see although they are demonstrably blind. The author details his experiences with these patients to demonstrate the manner in which patient work is a unique and vital part of discovering how the brain processes visual information. In doing so, Impaired Vision offers a review of the clinical symptoms related to visual impairment and highlights that the patient sTable of ContentsPreface xi 1 Looking at the Brain 1 1.1 A Short History 1 1.2 The Brain 18 1.3 This Book and the Patients in It 23 2 Blind 29 2.1 A Blind Eye 29 2.2 A Blind Brain 34 2.3 Blind Visual Fields 39 2.4 Imagined Vision 41 3 Partially Blind 45 3.1 Where Is It? 46 3.2 Line Orientation 52 3.3 Seeing Stroboscopically 56 3.4 Shapelessness 58 3.5 A Black‐and‐White World 60 3.6 Rough and Matte or Smooth and Glossy 66 4 Looking but Not Seeing 71 4.1 Wavelength Without Color 71 4.2 Day or Night? 77 4.3 Seeing Without Reading and Strange Connections 82 4.4 What Is That? 87 4.5 Lost and an Unfamiliar House 95 4.6 Face Failures and a Family Affair 99 4.7 I Can’t See Why You Sound Angry and Two Swiss Ladies 103 4.8 Classic Syndromes of the Parietal Lobe 108 5 Seeing Things Differently 113 5.1 Bringing Color to the World 113 5.2 Moldy Faces and Fish Heads 116 5.3 Dislodged Vision 125 5.4 Repetitive Vision 134 5.5 Lost Feelings 138 6 Seeing What Is Not There 143 6.1 Bright Sparks 143 6.2 Lively Perception in Poor Vision 150 6.3 Filling in the Empty Spaces 152 6.4 Neglected but Not Forgotten 156 6.5 Electrified Perceptions 159 6.6 Hallucinations Resulting from Degenerative Disease 163 6.7 Visual Hallucinations in Psychiatric Conditions 172 6.8 Strange Desires 184 7 Knowing the Unseen 187 7.1 Sight Unseen 187 7.2 Split Brain 196 7.3 Pointing in the Right Direction 202 7.4 Vision Without Awareness 209 7.5 Ignored but Not Forgotten 216 8 Oblivion 221 8.1 Seneca’s Trouble 221 8.2 Anosognosia 226 8.3 Neglect Revisited 228 8.4 Lost Colors 229 8.5 My Oil Paintings 231 8.6 Forgetting Your Amnesia 235 9 Vision 241 9.1 Scope of the Visual Brain 242 9.2 Stages of Vision 246 9.3 Damage, Deficits, Distortions, and Delusions 251 9.4 Consciousness 254 9.5 Looking Back 256 Index 261

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Book SynopsisThe Science of Compassionate Love is an interdisciplinary volume that presents cutting-edge scholarship on the topics of altruism and compassionate love.Trade ReviewFor this splendid collection, Fehr (psychology, Univ. of Winnipeg), Sprecher (sociology, Illinois State University), and Underwood (biomedical humanities, Hiram College) assembled 15 original essays on "the science of compassionate love," i.e., "the kind of love that is a central feature in many religious traditions: a self-giving, caring love that values the other highly and has the intention of giving full life to the other." The contributors work in a variety of disciplines--social psychology, communication, health science. Together they present a state-of-the-art perspective, oriented toward future scientific investigations of compassionate love but in touch with its roots in developments such as humanistic psychology. This volume will have special appeal for psychologists but also, one can only hope, for humanists invested in the recent turn toward positive psychology. Mental health practitioners will also benefit from the clear delineation of the subject, finding links, for example, between compassionate love and the art of compassion central to mindfulness-based psychotherapies grounded in the Buddhist psychological tradition. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through faculty and professionals. -- M. Uebel, University of Texas (CHOICE, March 2009)Table of ContentsPreface and Acknowledgments: Beverley Fehr (University of Winnipeg), Susan Sprecher (Illinois State University), and Lynn Underwood (Hiram College). Part I: Definitions, Theory, and Measurement. 1. Compassionate Love: A Framework for Research: Lynn G. Underwood (Hiram College). 2. Compassionate Love: Conceptual, Measurement, and Relational Issues: Beverley Fehr (University of Winnipeg) and Susan Sprecher (Illinois State University). 3. Measuring Prosocial Behavior, Altruism, and Compassionate Love on US Television: Stacy L. Smith (University of Southern California), Sandi W. Smith (Michigan State University), Katherine M. Pieper (University of Southern California), Edward Downs (Penn State University), Jina H. Yoo (University of Missouri St. Louis), Becka Bowden (Michigan Bankers Association), Amber Ferris (Kent State University), and Matthew C. Butler (Office of Health and Human Services, State of Michigan). Part II: The Sociodemographics of Compassionate Love. 4. Love and Caring in the United States: Trends and Correlates of Empathy, Altruism, and Related Constructs: Tom W. Smith (University of Chicago). 5. Compassionate Motivation and Compassionate Acts across the Adult Life Course: Evidence from US National Studies: Nadine F. Marks (University of Wisconsin-Madison) and Jieun Song (University of Wisconsin-Madison). Part III: Compassionate Love in Close Relationships. 6. Empathy and Compassionate Love in Early Childhood: Development and Family Influence: Brenda L. Volling, Amy M. Kolak, and Denise E. Kennedy (all University of Michigan). 7. Compassionate Love in Early Marriage: Lisa A. Neff (University of Toledo) and Benjamin R. Karney (University of California, Los Angeles). Part IV: Compassionate Love for Non-Close Others. 8. A Behavioral Systems Perspective on Compassionate Love: Mario Mikulincer (Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya), Phillip R. Shaver (University of California, Davis), and Omri Gillath (University of Kansas). 9. Compassionate Acts: Motivations for and Correlates of Volunteerism among Older Adults: Allen M. Omoto (Claremont Graduate University), Anna M. Malsch (Portland State University), and Jorge A. Barraza (Claremont Graduate University). 10. Compassionate Love for Individuals in Other Social Groups: Salena Brody (Collin County Community College), Stephen C. Wright (Simon Fraser University), Arthur Aron (State University of New York at Stony Brook), and Tracy McLaughlin-Volpe (Boston College). Part V: Compassionate Love in Health Care and Other Caregiving Contexts. 11. Compassionate Family Caregiving in the Light and Shadow of Death: Linda J. Roberts, Meg Wise, and Lori L. DuBenske (all University of Wisconsin-Madison). 12. Compassionate Clinicians: Exemplary Care in Hospital Settings: David R. Graber (Medical University of South Carolina) and Maralynne D. Mitcham (College of Health Professions). 13. Caregiving in Sociocultural Context: Norman D. Giesbrecht (University of Calgary). Part VI: Compassionate Love in an Intercultural Context. 14. Testing Aspects of Compassionate Love in a Sample of Indonesian Adolescents: Julie Vaughan, Nancy Eisenberg (both Arizona State University), Doran C. French (Illinois Wesleyan University), Urip Purwono (Universitas Padjadjaran), Telie A. Suryanti (associate consultant), and Sri Pidada (deceased). Part VII: Commentary. 15. Compassionate Love: Concluding Reflections: Daniel Perlman (University of North Carolina at Greensboro) and Rozzana Sánchez Aragón (National Autonomous University of Mexico). Index

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Book SynopsisThis entertaining introduction to sensory science is a clever mix of research findings and real-world stories that helps us understand the complex processes that turn sensory stimuli into sophisticated brain responses.Trade ReviewA fine guide recommended for health and science general-interest collections. Midwest Book Review When Henshaw told a casual acquaintance that he was writing a book about the senses, the response was 'The five senses?' He was quick to reply that there are more than five, and one goal of this book is to convince the reader that that is the case... One of the pluses of this book is its conversational tone and the use of anecdotes and examples. Choice A blend of research findings and real-world anecdotes about people's sensory experiences enlivens this historical view of the science behind perception. Science News This is an interesting book-an ideal gift for young biologists. -- Alan Cadogan The Biologist A Tour of the Senses is a fun book, which may be of interest to anyone who's ever wondered how the eye or ear works. -- Matthew R. Longo American Journal of Human BiologyTable of ContentsAcknowledgmentsIntroductionPart 1: Stimulus1. Electromagnetic Stimuli2. Chemical Stimuli3. Mechanical Stimuli4. The Science of SensationPart 2: Sensation5. Vision6. The Chemical Senses7. The Mechanical SensesPart 3: Perception8. Remembering the Present9. Perception and Culture10. Perception and EducationBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisThis book is an interdisciplinary exploration of how social connections are expressed at the neurological, developmental, dyadic, and group levels.Trade Review“The diversity of perspectives presented in the current volume makes it a must for scholars interested in the physiological and psychological mechanisms of social bonds.” – CHOICEThis edited volume takes what might appear to be disparate topics and creates a narrative of the human social experience that is highly informative and coherent…Each of the chapters is skillfully edited so that there is relatively little repetition of information across chapters. The result is one of the very few edited books I have encountered in which the chapters flow seamlessly, as if written by one very good author. * PsycCRITIQUES *The diversity of perspectives presented in the current volume makes it a must for scholars interested in the physiological and psychological mechanisms of social bonds. * Choice *Table of Contents Contributors Preface Introduction Mario Mikulincer and Phillip R. ShaverPart I. Brain Chapter 1: Comparative and Developmental Perspectives on Oxytocin and Vasopressin Karen L. Bales Chapter 2: Primary-Process Separation-Distress (PANIC/GRIEF) and Reward Eagerness (SEEKING) Processes in the Ancestral Genesis of Depressive Affect and Addictions Jaak Panksepp, Mark Solms, Thomas E. Schläpfer, and Volker A. Coenen Chapter 3: Romantic Love, Pair-Bonding, and the Dopaminergic Reward System Bianca P. Acevedo and Arthur P. Aron Chapter 4: The Vicarious Brain Christian Keysers and Valeria Gazzola Chapter 5: Our Social Baseline: The Role of Social Proximity in Economy of Action James A. Coan, Casey L. Brown, and Lane Beckes Chapter 6:Emotion, Morality, and the Developing Brain Jean Decety and Lauren H. HowardPart II. Infancy and Development Chapter 7: Child–Parent Attachment and Response to Threat: A Move From the Level of Representation Jude Cassidy, Katherine B. Ehrlich, and Laura J. Sherman Chapter 8: Synchrony and the Neurobiological Basis of Social Affiliation Ruth Feldman Chapter 9: Gaze Following: A Mechanism for Building Social Connections Between Infants and Adults Rechele Brooks and Andrew N. Meltzoff Chapter 10: Beyond Words: Parental Embodied Mentalizing and the Parent–Infant Dance Dana Shai and Peter Fonagy Chapter 11: Parental Insightfulness and Child–Parent Emotion Dialogues: Their Importance for Children's Development David Oppenheim and Nina Koren-Karie Chapter 12: The Impact of Early Interpersonal Experience on Adult Romantic Relationship Functioning Jeffry A. Simpson, W. Andrew Collins, Jessica E. Salvatore, and Sooyeon SungPart III. Adult Close Relationships Chapter 13: Risk Regulation in Close Relationships Justin V. Cavallo, Sandra L. Murray, and John G. Holmes Chapter 14: Responsiveness: Affective Interdependence in Close Relationships Harry T. Reis Chapter 15: Attachment Bonds in Romantic Relationships Phillip R. Shaver and Mario Mikulincer Chapter 16: A Theoretical Perspective on the Importance of Social Connections for Thriving Brooke C. Feeney and Nancy L. Collins Chapter 17: Sexy Building Blocks: The Contribution of the Sexual System to Attachment Formation and MaintenanceGurit E. BirnbaumPart IV. Group Chapter 18: Evolution of the Social Brain: Psychological Adaptations for Group Living Mark van Vugt and Tatsuya Kameda Chapter 19: Social Defense Theory: How a Mixture of Personality Traits in Group Contexts May Promote Our Survival Tsachi Ein-Dor Chapter 20: It's All in the Mind: How Social Identification Processes Affect Neurobiological Responses Naomi Ellemers, Félice van Nunspeet, and Daan Scheepers Chapter 21: Oxytocinergic Circuitry Motivates Group Loyalty Carsten K. W. De Dreu Index About the Editors

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Book SynopsisThis clinician-friendly resource walks readers through cognitive–behavioral techniques and treatment packages for clients with PTSD, using case studies to illustrate how to troubleshoot common problems.Trade ReviewGiven the rates of PTSD in returning veterans as well as the incidence and prevalence of civilian PTSD, the timeliness and utility of this book could not be more important. It is highly recommended. * Doody’s Review Service *Table of ContentsSeries ForewordIntroduction Theory Underlying Trauma-Focused Interventions Trauma-Focused Interventions: Behavioral Techniques and Treatment Packages Trauma-Focused Interventions: Cognitive Techniques and Treatment Packages Theory Underlying Skills-Focused Interventions Skills-Focused Cognitive and Behavioral Interventions Promising Practices and Future Directions AppendixReferencesIndexAbout the Authors

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Book SynopsisMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system which can strike people in their prime with devastating impact. In recent years, researchers have begun to study the multilayered and complicated cognitive problems that are often associated with MS. But there is surprisingly little information available today for neuropsychologists and other mental health practitioners about how cognitive impairment impacts life and behavior, and how patients can manage their disease through medicine, exercise, and rehabilitation. Cognition and Behavior in Multiple Sclerosis addresses this dearth of scholarly work by offering a comprehensive analysis of the effects of multiple sclerosis (MS) on cognition. Authors survey the impact of cognitive impairment on behavioral problems, employment-related issues, and the development of neuropsychiatric disorders. Practitioners will learn to interpret MRIs and provide treatment for a wide range of symptoms and disorders includi

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Book SynopsisThis book shows practitioners how to use mindfulness-based interventions to treat PTSD and related conditions. People suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other consequences of trauma face daunting challenges. Although many clinical treatments target symptoms of PTSD, an optimal treatment strategy would also address the many health problems that co-occur, such as chronic pain, substance misuse, and depression. To address this need, this book offers mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs). These therapeutic treatments aim to change the patient’s relationship to thoughts, emotions, bodily sensations, and associated behaviors through an attitude of non-judgment, curiosity, openness, acceptance, and kindness. MBIs can help clients at any stage of recovery and be used in tandem with standard PTSD therapies. David Kearney and Tracy L. Simpson show practitioners how to guide the patient through meditation practices such as breathing mediTable of ContentsTitle Page Table of Contents Introduction Chapter 1: Why Mindfulness-Based Interventions for PTSD? Chapter 2: Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs) for other consequences of trauma, including depression, substance misuse, chronic pain, and other somatic syndromes Chapter 3: Practical Considerations for Offering Mindfulness-Based Interventions to People with Traua Histories Chapter 4: Reflections on Teaching Specific Mindfulness Practices Chapter 5: Moving Forward References About the Authors

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Book SynopsisWith contributions by more than 40 experts in the field, this comprehensive text details the stepsnecessarytobuilda career in neuropsychologyand outlinesthe core competenciesstudents and trainees must master along the way. Contributors sharehelpful tips and guidance on topics as wide-ranging as getting into graduate schoolandnavigatingthe application process,gaininginternships and fellowships,licensure and certification, and finding a job. Chapters on competencies discuss common issues involving teachingand supervision, assessment,research, grants, ethics, and diversity, as well as personaland professionalfactors such as work–lifeintegration, advocacy, and mentorship.The content and structure of the book is based on the most up-to-date specialty training and education standards. This indispensablevolume will serve as afoundational resourceforreaders whose aim is to become a neuropsychologist in any of the associated fields of health care, research, Table of ContentsContributors Foreword. What It Means to Be a Neuropsychologist in an Evolving FieldAntonio E. Puente Acknowledgments Introduction. On Becoming a Neuropsychologist Cady BlockPart I: Timeline for Training and Career Entry in Neuropsychology Chapter 1. Applying and Getting Into Graduate School Julie Suhr, Steven Paul Woods, Claire Alexander, and Michelle Babicz Chapter 2. Preparing for and Obtaining a Predoctoral Internship in NeuropsychologyEmily Kellogg, Brittany Cerbone, Laura Kenealy, and Robert Collins Chapter 3. Preparing for and Obtaining a Postdoctoral Fellowship Douglas Bodin Chapter 4. Professional Licensure and Credentialing Joseph Ackerson and Cady Block Chapter 5. Board Certification in Neuropsychology Christopher Grote, Jason R. Soble, and Adeline León Chapter 6. Finding a Job: Clinical Careers in Neuropsychology Heather G. Belanger, Jason R. Soble, Edward Peck III, Patrick Armistead-Jehle, Mark Barisa, Lucien Roberts III, and Mike R. Schoenberg Chapter 7. Finding a Job: Research Careers in Neuropsychology Yana Suchy and Matthew J. EulerPart II: Foundational Competencies in Neuropsychology Chapter 8. Training, Education, and Competencies in Neuropsychology Brad Roper and Scott Sperling Chapter 9. Classroom Teaching and Clinical Supervision Competencies Leslie Guidotti Breting and Douglas M. Whiteside Chapter 10. Consultation, Assessment, and Intervention Competencies Amy Heffelfinger and Julie Janecek Chapter 11. Neuroanatomy Training and Competencies Michael Parsons and Cady Block Chapter 12. Research Development and Dissemination Competencies Derin Cobia, Dalin Pulsipher, and Cady Block Chapter 13. Research Awards and Grantsmanship Competencies Stephanie Kielb and Cady Block Chapter 14. Ethics, Legal Standards, and Policy in Neuropsychology Dede Ukueberuwa, Christopher Nguyen, and Daniel Tranel Chapter 15. Individual and Cultural Diversity Competencies Christopher Nguyen, Octavio Santos, and Daryl Fujii Chapter 16. Self-Care and Work–Life Integration CompetenciesLaura Flashman and Robin Hilsabeck Chapter 17. Mentorship in Clinical Neuropsychology C. Munro Cullum, Shawn McClintock, and Laura Lacritz Chapter 18. Interdisciplinary Science, Practice, and Education Competencies Joanne Festa and Christina A. Palmese Chapter 19. Leadership Development Competencies Cynthia S. Kubu Chapter 20. Advocacy Competencies Scott A. Sperling, Beth C. Arredondo, Stephanie D. Bajo, and Lucas D. Driskell Index About the Editor

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Book SynopsisA clinician-driven, research-based review of the theory and applicable neuroscience informing prolonged exposure therapy, a cognitive behavioral approach designed specifically for PTSD patients to reduce pathological anxiety and related emotions.Table of ContentsPrefaceI. Overview of Prolonged Exposure and Theory Chapter 1. Theory and Prolonged Exposure Chapter 2. What Is Prolonged Exposure Therapy?II. Neuroscience Methods for Clinicians Chapter 3. Neurosteroids, Cortisol, and Other Neurochemicals Chapter 4. Imaging Chapter 5. Electroencephalography Chapter 6. Psychophysiology Chapter 7. Genetics and Genomics III. Applied Neuroscience: Prolonged Exposure for PTSD Chapter 8. Psychoeducation and Neuroscience Chapter 9. In Vivo Exposure and Neuroscience Chapter 10. Imaginal Exposure and Neuroscience Chapter 11. Processing and NeuroscienceIV. Future Directions Chapter 12. Augmentation of Prolonged Exposure Chapter 13. New Models of Care Delivery References Glossary

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Book SynopsisThe two-volume APA Handbook of Neuropsychology provides foundational information on neuropsychology, identifies research questions related to neuropsychological disorders and conditions, offers updates on methods to investigate these issues, and aims to shape the field's future development.

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Book SynopsisPresenting a biopsychosocial perspective to explain the most common findings in criminology--and for guiding future research and public policy

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Book SynopsisWith more children and young adults with severe disabilities in today's general education classrooms, SLPs and other professionals must be ready to support their students' communication skills with effective AAC. They'll get the proven strategies they need with this intervention guide from top AAC experts, ideal for use as an in-service professional development resource or a highly practical text students will keep and use long after class is over.Essential for SLPs, OTs, PTs, educators, and other professionals in school settings, this book helps readers establish a beginning functional communicative repertoire for learners with severe disabilities. Professionals will start with an in-depth intervention framework, including a guide to AAC modes and technologies, variables to consider when selecting AAC, and how AAC research can be used to support practice. Then they'll get explicit, evidence-based instructional strategies they'll use to help children and young adults.

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Book SynopsisThe new, third, edition of this indispensable guide for speech pathology and therapy students is completely updated, applying the results of the most recent research into speech disorders. Phonetics for Speech Pathology introduces normative aspects of phonetics and describes how these may go wrong in atypical speech, and the consequences when they do. The book deals with the three main areas of phonetics: articulatory, acoustic, and auditory, this last being often neglected in phonetics textbooks. The chapters are copiously illustrated, with most diagrams and figures newly drawn for this edition. Correct use of phonetic symbolizations and the importance of adequate transcription in the clinic are stressed, as is the use of instrumental analyses to augment impressionistic descriptions of speech. A range of modern instrumental techniques in speech analysis is covered, as are developments in hearing research including auditory processing disorder. The book concludes with an introduction to current models of speech production and perception.Table of ContentsPreface Introduction Part 1 Articulatory Phonetics Chapter 1 The Vocal Organs Chapter 2 Initiation Chapter 3 Phonation Chapter 4 Manner of Articulation Chapter 5 Place of Articulation Chapter 6 Orality and Nasality Chapter 7 Plosives Chapter 8 Vowels Chapter 9 Primary, secondary, and double articulations Chapter 10 Phonetic Transcription Chapter 11 Parametric Phonetics Chapter 12 Suprasegmentals: Length, stress and pitch Chapter 13 Suprasegmentals: Voice Quality Chapter 14 Speech Imaging Part 2 Acoustic Phonetics Chapter 15 Frequency and Pitch Chapter 16 Intensity and Loudness Chapter 17 Resonance Chapter 18 Recording Speech Chapter 19 Acoustic Analysis: Spectrography Chapter 20 Acoustic Characteristics of Vowels Chapter 21 Acoustic Characteristics of Sonorants Chapter 22 Acoustic Characteristics of Obstruents Chapter 23 Acoustic Characteristics of Suprasegmentals: Stress Chapter 24 Acoustic Characteristics of Suprasegmentals: Pitch Chapter 25 Acoustic Characteristics of Suprasegmentals: Connected speech Chapter 26 Acoustic Characteristics of Suprasegmentals: Voice Quality Chapter 27 Acoustic Characteristics of Child Speech Disorders Chapter 28 Acoustic Characteristics of Acquired Speech Disorders Part 3 Auditory Phonetics Chapter 29 Hearing: The Ear Chapter 30 Hearing: Perception Chapter 31 Hearing: Comprehension Chapter 32 Perceptual Units of Speech Chapter 33 Hearing Impairment Chapter 34 Phonetics of Hearing Impaired Speech Chapter 35 Audiological Measurement Chapter 36 Auditory Processing Disorder Chapter 37 Feedback in Speech Chapter 38 Psychoacoustic Experiments Chapter 39 Delayed Auditory Feedback Chapter 40 Dichotic Listening Chapter 41 Time-Variated Speech Chapter 42 Models of Speech Production and Perception Appendices: Phonetic Symbols and Notes on Transcription Appendix I The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) Appendix II The Extensions to the IPA for Disordered Speech (extIPA) Appendix III VoQS symbols for Voice Quality

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Book SynopsisMany of us have wondered how we would respond in the midst of a crisis. You hope that difficult times could bring out the best in you. Some become stronger, more resilient and more innovative under pressure. You hope that you will too. But you are afraid that crisis may bring out your anxiety, your fears and your weakest communication. No one knows when the crisis will pass and things will get better. That’s out of your hands. But you can get better. All it takes is an understanding of how human beings function at their best, the willpower to make small changes in perception and behavior, and a vision of a future that is better than today. In the pages of this book, you will learn to create the conditions that allow your best self to show up and make a difference - for you and for others. The "Resilience Series" is the result of an intensive, collaborative effort of our authors in response to the 2020 coronavirus epidemic. Each volume offers expert advice for developing the practical, emotional and spiritual skills that you can master to become more resilient in a time of crisis.

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Book SynopsisThis book includes a summary of the psychological theories which have been produced to explain aggression. Offering practical advice on methods for assessing dangerous situations and on developing personal and organizational strategies for coping with aggression, this book will be an invaluable tool towards controlling or constraining the aggression of others.Table of Contents1. How to cope. 2. Explaining aggression - some theories. 3. Predicting aggression. 4. Patterns of assault. 5. Victims and victimization. 6. Avoidance, escape and control. 7. Safety culture.

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Book SynopsisThe aim of this book is primarily to highlight humour?s communicative, relational and innovative value in everyday life and in the privileged space, carved out of everyday life, that is psychotherapy. Chapter one describes philosophical, social and psychological perspectives on humour. In Chapters two and three humour is presented as a form of playing which originates in the earliest exchanges between mother and baby and which confers significant advantages on our adaption. In Chapter four the relationship between physical and mental health and humour is examined in the light of the research literature from psychology and medicine. Chapter five restricts itself to a discussion of psychoanalytic views on humour in psychotherapy. Finally, chapter six reviews evolutionary perspectives of humour.Trade Review"There’s evidence to suggest that laughter has beneficial effects...we need more studies to better understand the relationship." (Reader's Digest, August 2006)Table of ContentsIntroduction - a Funny Thing Happened to me on The way to Therapy. . . . On Humour's Tightrope. The First Clown. The Playroom of The Mind. Humour and health. The Analytic Double-act. Why Humour?. Conclusion. Humour. Truth and freedom.

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Book SynopsisThis collection of essays extends the microgenetic theory of the mind/brain state to basic problems in process psychology and philosophy of mind. The author's microtemporal model of brain activity and psychological events, which was originally based on clinical studies of patients with focal brain damage, is here extended to such topics as the concept of the moment in Buddhist philosophy, conscious and unconscious thought, the nature of the self, subjective time and aesthetic perception. The author develops a highly original psychology of mental process, actually a 'cognitive metaphysics', which is grounded in brain physiology and clinical psychopathology. A central theme is that the natural categories that arise in the extensibility of temporal data are continuous with conceptual structures in the human mind.Table of ContentsI. Metapsychology. Foundations of cognitive metaphysics. The concept of momentariness. Fundamentals of process neuropsychology. II. Consciousness. Psychoanalysis and process theory. The unconscious (Freud) and process theory. Consciousness and the categories of nature. III. Agency and Value. Neuropsychology of the self-concept . Subjectivity and scientific thought. On aesthetic perception.

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Book SynopsisThe study of theatre is of great value to psychologists because it is a vital part of life. This thoroughly revised and updated second edition provides a unique and up-to-date analysis of what psychology has to offer for actors, musicians, singers and dancers. It makes suggestions about how the particular stresses that performers are under can be managed. Newly provided examples, or Spotlights, give focused explanations of interesting topics that are self-contained within the text. Drawing on numerous practical examples from the arts as well as scientific and clinical research, this book has proven to be an invaluable resource for student, professional and amateur alike.Modern psychology has much to offer performing artists in terms of understanding themselves and optimizing their art: it examines the unique two-way relationship between audience and performer, describes the way in which emotions are communicated to an audience by non-verbal processes such as posture and facial expression, and explains the instinctual origins of the impulse to perform. Dr Glenn Wilson PhD, FBPS, CPsychol is Senior Lecturer in Psychology at the Institute of Psychiatry, University of London, and has previously held visiting professorships at Stanford University, San Francisco State and the University of Nevada, Reno. He trained as a baritone at the Guildhall School of Music, and now is an established stage director and opera singer who makes frequent appearances on British TV. He has published several papers on psychology as applied to the performing arts, and in London in 1990 and 1993 organized the first and second international conferences on Psychology and the Performing Arts.Table of ContentsTheatre and Human Expression. Origins of Performance. Social processes and Theatre. Actor Training and Role Preparation. Emotional expression. Motivation. Movement and use of Space. Comedy and Comedians. The power of Music. Musical Expertise. Personality and Stress in Performers. Stage fright and Optimal Performance. Therapeutic use of Performing Arts.

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Book SynopsisThe dream of a happy life has preoccupied thinkers since Plato, and in modern times it has become one of the signature tunes of our age - the rise of therapists, gurus, New Age cults and the use of Prozac are familiar indicators of how ubiquitous the pursuit of happiness has become within Western culture. "The Happiness Paradox" examines how this modern obsession has evolved. Ziyad Marar shows how the state of mind we seek remains highly elusive, and much of the energy devoted to searching for happiness is wasted or even self-defeating. The author argues that happiness is a deceptively simple idea that will always be elusive because it is based on a paradox: the conflict between feeling good while simultaneously being good. It is the conflict, for example, between the desire to break rules, for adventure or self-expression, and the need to follow them to gain the approval of society; these tensions permeate what Freud called the two central parts of a happy life: love and work. Drawing on a wide and varied range of sources - from psychology, philosophy, history, popular novels, television and films - this book will engage all those who are looking for meaning within their lives. It challenges the conventional search for happiness, while suggesting a bolder way to live with one of the central paradoxes of our time.Trade Review'Thoughtful, and at times unsettling, observations on love and work ... Ziyad Marar's book contains a great deal to enlighten and engage anyone interest in happiness, and that probably includes most of us.' - Times Literary Supplement

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Book SynopsisThis is a celebratory volume in honour of Professor T.R. Miles of the Bangor Dyslexia Unit. Among the papers offered by known specialists in the field are "Differential Diagnosis of Developmental Dyslexia", by P. Aaron, and "Evaluating Teaching Methods", by Michael Thompson.Table of ContentsPart I - The Theoretical Constructs of Dyslexia. Differential Diagnosis fo Reading Disabilities, P.G. Aaron. Visual Deficit Models of Dyslexia, Gorodn Stanley. Part II - The Specific Nature of Dyslexia. Neurobiological Patterns in dyslexia, Drake D. Duane. Dyslexia and Skill - Theoretical Studies, Roderick I. Nicolson and Angela J. Fawcett. The Cognitive Psychology of Developmental dyslexia, Nick Ellis. Elementary Symbol Processing in Less Skilled Readers in a componential Frmework, Che Kan Leong. Part III - The Identification of Dyslexia. Diagnosing Dyslexia in The Classroom - a Three Stage Model, Peter Gardner. Towards a Rationale for Diagnosois, T.R. Miles. Quantifying Exceptionality - issues in Psychogical Assessment of Dyslexia, Martin Turner. Part IV - Education management of The Dyslexic Child. How Dyslexics Respond to Specialised Teaching - Some Practical and Theoretical Issues, Michael Thomson. Whole School provision for The Whole Child, Steve Chinn. Early Help Means a Better Future, Jean Augur. Part V Diverse Routes to a Wider Understanding. Unconventional treatments for Dyslexia, C.R. Wilsher. The Human Aspects of Dyslexia, Gerald Hales. Musical Problems? - Reflections and Suggestions, Margaret Hubicki.

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Book SynopsisAs a parent and teacher Jean Augur learned to cope positively with dyslexia for over 20 years. This book records the stages in the development of the awareness of dyslexia both at home and in the classroom. It concludes by setting out the ways and means to help dyslexics to help themselves.Table of ContentsThe Measurement of Reading. Reading Difficulties Explained. The influence of Intelligence. The Importance of Mental Age. The Teaching of reading. Dyslexia Examined. The Dyslexic Child. Asssessment of The Dyslexic child. Possible Causes. (i) The Brain and Vision, Possible Causes. (ii) Phonemic awareness, Help for The Dyslexic, Advice for Parents. Other Issues/questions. Useful Information. A Brief History of Dyslexia.

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Book SynopsisThis brief, clinically-focused volume is informed by Lawrence I. Golbe’s three decades of research and tertiary clinical care in progressive supranuclear palsy, a complex disorder with rapidly changing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. It is an ideal source for the general neurologist seeking a refresher and the primary care provider, neurological nurse, or physical, occupational or speech therapist who must address their patients’ specialized needs. A Clinician’s Guide to Progressive Supranuclear Palsy emphasizes early diagnostic signs, medication options, non-pharmacologic management and palliative care. It offers a quick overview of the complications of PSP most likely to prompt an ER visit; a widening spectrum of PSP variants; and ample description of the genetics, epidemiology, natural history, pathology, molecular biology and neurochemistry of PSP. The PSP Rating Scale used in the book is a convenient tool for clinicians in routine practice and the leading PSP clinical measure world-wide. Golbe provides a practical and useful guidebook to help all clinicians learn and battle this complex disorder. Trade Review"Lawrence I. Golbe, a distinguished expert on Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, presents a timely guide for practicing clinicians. An essential reading and reliable roadmap in dynamic days." -- Günter U. Höglinger, MD“Professor Golbe’s guide is the story, well told and easily read, of a passionate clinician’s long journey towards understanding of this rare disease. It is comprehensive, a literary landmark of 2018, and it gives optimism about eventual cure." -- John C. Steele * M.D. *Table of ContentsPreface 1. History 2. Descriptive Epidemiology 3. Analytical Epidemiology 4. Clinical Rating Scales for PSP 5. The Clinical Spectrum of PSP 6. Differential Diagnosis 7. Diagnostic Criteria for PSP 8. Diagnosis of Early PSP 9. Cognitive and Behavioral Features 10. Eye movement 11. Dysarthria 12. Dysphagia 13. Physical and Occupational Therapy 14. Palliative care 15. Sleep 16. Imaging 17. Genetics 18. Drug Treatment for General and Motor Features 19. Emergency Management of PSP 20. Organization and Infrastructure of PSP Care 21. What’s Coming? About the Author

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