Philosophy: epistemology and theory of knowledge Books

Book SynopsisWilliam F. Bristow presents an original and illuminating study of Hegel''s hugely influential but notoriously difficult Phenomenology of Spirit. Hegel describes the method of this work as a ''way of despair'', meaning thereby that the reader who undertakes its inquiry must be open to the experience of self-loss through it. Whereas the existential dimension of Hegel''s work has often been either ignored or regarded as romantic ornamentation, Bristow argues that it belongs centrally to Hegel''s attempt to fulfil a demanding epistemological ambition. With his Critique of Pure Reason, Kant expressed a new epistemological demand with respect to rational knowledge and presented a new method for meeting this demand. Bristow reconstructs Hegel''s objection to Kant''s Critical Philosophy, according to which Kant''s way of meeting the epistemological demand of philosophical critique presupposes subjectivism, that is, presupposes the restriction of our knowledge to things as they are merely for us. Whereas Hegel in his early Jena writings rejects Kant''s critical project altogether on this basis, he comes to see that the epistemological demand expressed in Kant''s project must be met. Bristow argues that Hegel''s method in the Phenomenology of Spirit takes shape as his attempt to meet the epistemological demand of Kantian critique without presupposing subjectivism. The key to Hegel''s transformation of Kant''s critical procedure, by virtue of which subjectivism is to be avoided, is precisely the existential or self-transformational dimension of Hegel''s criticism, the openness of the criticizing subject to being transformed through the epistemological procedure.Trade ReviewWilliam Bristow has written a superb book... [it] is a brilliant defence of Hegel, indispensable reading for anyone interested in Kant and Hegel, and in Kantian and Hegelian themes in contemporary philosophy. It also presents a breathtaking vision of epistemology. * Paul Franks, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews *Table of ContentsPART I HEGEL'S OBJECTION ; PART II HEGEL'S TRANSFORMATION OF CRITIQUE

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Book SynopsisCausation is a central topic in many areas of philosophy. In metaphysics, philosophers want to know what causation is, and how it is related to laws of nature, probability, action, and freedom of the will. In epistemology, philosophers investigate how causal claims can be inferred from statistical data, and how causation is related to perception, knowledge and explanation. In the philosophy of mind, philosophers want to know whether and how the mind can be said to have causal efficacy, and in ethics, whether there is a moral distinction between acts and omissions and whether the moral value of an act can be judged according to its consequences. And causation is a contested concept in other fields of enquiry, such as biology, physics, and the law. This book provides an in-depth and comprehensive overview of these and other topics, as well as the history of the causation debate from the ancient Greeks to the logical empiricists. The chapters provide surveys of contemporary debates, while often also advancing novel and controversial claims; and each includes a comprehensive bibliography and suggestions for further reading. The book is thus the most comprehensive source of information about causation currently available, and will be invaluable for upper-level undergraduates through to professional philosophers.Table of ContentsIntroduction ; 1. The Ancient Greeks ; 2. The Medievals ; 3. The Early Moderns ; 4. Hume ; 5. Kant ; 6. The Logical Empiricists ; 7. Regularity Theories ; 8. Counterfactual Theories ; 9. Probabilistic Theories ; 10. Causal Process Theories ; 11. Agency and Interventionist Theories ; 12. Causal Powers and Capacities ; 13. Anti-Reductionism ; 14. Causal Modelling ; 15. Mechanisms ; 16. Causal Pluralism ; 17. Platitudes and Counterexamples ; 18. Causes, Laws and Ontology ; 19. Causal Relata ; 20. The Time-Asymmetry of Causation ; 21. The Psychology of Causal Perception and Reasoning ; 22. Causation and Observation ; 23. Causation and Statistical Inference ; 24. Mental Causation ; 25. Causation, Action, and Free Will ; 26. Causation and Ethics ; 27. Causal Theories of Knowledge and Perception ; 28. Causation and Semantic Content ; 29. Causation and Explanation ; 30. Causation and Reduction ; 31. Causation in Classical Mechanics ; 32. Causation in Statistical Mechanics ; 33. Causation in Quantum Mechanics ; 34. Causation in Spacetime Theories ; 35. Causation in Biology ; 36. Causation in the Social Sciences ; 37. Causation in the Law

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Book Synopsis"Conquest of Abundance" was prepared from drafts of the manuscript left at the author's death, working notes, lectures and articles Feyerabend wrote while the larger work was in progress. It offers up exploration and insights with the charm, and sense of mischief that are his hallmarks.Table of ContentsA note on the editing; Part one: The unfinished manuscript; introduction 1 Achilles' conjecture; 2 xenophanes; 3 Parmenides and the logic of being interlude: On the ambiguity of interpretations; 4 Brunelleschi and the invention of perspective; Part Two: Essays on the manuscript's themes; 1 realism and the historicity of knowledge; 2 has the scientific view of the world a special status compared with other views?; 3 quantum theory and our view of the world; 4 realism; 5 historical comments on realism; 6 what reality? 7 Aristotle. Part contents.

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Book SynopsisThe intimate connection between bodies and the environmentTrade ReviewAlaimo offers new insights into feminist thought and theory. Bodily Natures: Science, Environment, and the Material Self is sure to appeal to many students and scholars of literary studies and critical theory. * New Books in Critical Theory *Bodily Natures showcases the distinctive contribution that an ecocritic can make to the field. * Enviromental Ethics *This is a book that should be read by anyone—scholars, students, readers, and anyone else with a body—for it is a marvelous contribution to environmental thinking and to human culture more broadly. December 1, 2010 * American Book Review *Table of Contents1. Bodily Natures2. Eros and X-Rays: Bodies, Class, and "Environmental Justice" 3. Invisible Matters: The Sciences of Environmental Justice4. Material Memoirs: Science, Autobiography, and the Substantial Self5. Deviant Agents: The Science, Culture, and Politics of Multiple Chemical Sensitivity6. Genetics, Material Agency, and the Evolution of Posthuman Environmental Ethics in Recent Science FictionNotesWorks CitedIndex

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Book SynopsisThe Empire of Chance tells how quantitative ideas of chance transformed the natural and social sciences, as well as daily life, in the last three centuries. It connects the earliest applications of probability and statistics in gambling and insurance to the most recent forays into law, medicine polling and baseball.Trade Review'The book provides a welcome introduction to the main historical themes of probability, statistics and inference. It is, at the same time, impressive in its range and subject-matter and in its depth of analysis.' The Times Higher Education SupplementTable of ContentsAcknowledgments; Introduction; 1. Classical probabilities, 1660–1840; 2. Statistical probabilities, 1820–1900; 3. The inference experts; 4. Chance and life: controversies in modern biology; 5. The probabilistic revolution in physics; 6. Statistics of the mind; 7. Numbers rule the world; 8. The implications of chance; References; Name index; Subject index.

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Book SynopsisThis is a book about Kant's views on causality as understood in their proper historical context. Eric Watkins argues that a grasp of Leibnizian and anti-Leibnizian thought in eighteenth-century Germany helps one to see how the Critical Kant argued for causal principles that have both metaphysical and epistemological elements.Trade Review'… an interesting and important work, which could be one of the two or three most significant works on Kant's theoretical philosophy to be published in the last decade.' Paul Guyer, University of PennsylvaniaTable of ContentsIntroduction; Part I. Causality in Context: 1. Pre-established harmony versus physical influx; 2. Kant's pre-critical theory of causality; Part II. Causality in the Critical Period: 3. Kant's second and third analogies of experience; 4. Kant's model of causality; Part III. Causality and Consequences: 5. The metaphysics of freedom; 6. Kant's reply to Hume: historical and contemporary considerations.

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Book SynopsisThis volume offers a new translation of the founding text of modern hermeneutics, together with related writings on secular hermeneutics and on language, and an introduction that places the texts in the context of Schleiermacher's philosophy as a whole.Trade Review"This is a most welcome and much needed edition..." Religious Studies ReviewTable of ContentsIntroduction; Chronology; Further reading; Note on the text and the translation; 1. Hermeneutics and criticism; 2. General hermeneutics; 3. Schematism and language; Index.

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Book SynopsisA deep concern with consciousness and intentionality is one of the several things that has lately moved into the centre of the philosophy of mind. The issue of consciousness is often treated as something distinct from intentionality, but as Tim Crane notes in his incisive new Foreword there is now something of a sea-change. This classic volume may be at least partly responsible for the shift in how philosophy of mind is starting to be understood. Before its first appearance, discussions of consciousness and intentionality in the context of perception were in their infancy. The book was a departure from the way this part of philosophy was conceived. It pointed to new ways to look at the discipline, addressing both the epistemology of mind, and intentionality and consciousness, especially in connection with perception. Showcasing many leading figures in the field, it offers a splendid overview of the issues at stake.Table of ContentsForeword Tim Crane; Introduction Anthony O'Hear; 1. The mind–body problem after fifty years Jaegwon Kim; 2. How to find the neural correlate of consciousness Ned Block; 3. Embodiment and the philosophy of mind Andy Clark; 4. Folk psychology and mental simulation Martin Davies and Tony Stone; 5. Understanding other minds from the inside Jane Heal; 6. Self-knowledge: The wittgensteinian legacy Crispin Wright; 7. Joint attention and the first-person John Campbell; 8. Consciousness as existence Ted Honderich; 9. Setting things before the mind M. G. F. Martin; 10. Perceptual intentionality. Attention and consciousness Naomi Eilan; 11. Experience and reason in perception Bill Brewer; 12. Intentionality as the mark of the mental Tim Crane; 13. Intentionality and interpretation Gregory Mcculloch; 14. Externalism and norms Cynthia Macdonald; 15. Mind, world and value Michael Morris; 16. Mind, knowledge and reality: Themes from kant Quassim Cassam; 17. The modality of freedom Christopher Peacocke; 18. Dualism in action Jennifer Hornsby.

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Book SynopsisThis Element addresses questions regarding the nature and acquisition of wisdom by developing and defending a skill theory of wisdom. It develops this theory and defends it against two objections to the effect that there are asymmetries between wisdom and skill.Table of ContentsIntroduction; Part I. A Skill Theory of Wisdom Presented: 1. Wisdom as knowing how to live well; Part II. The Theory Developed: 2. Wisdom and knowing the whys; 3. Wisdom and knowing what matters; Part III. The Theory Defended: 4. The deliberation objection: deliberation about final ends; 5. The feedback objection: feedback for skill acquisition; Conclusion; Appendix; References.

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Book SynopsisThis Element will overview research using models to understand scientific practice. It argues that while these models are epistemically useful, the best way to employ most of them to understand and improve science is in combination with empirical methods and other sorts of theorizing.Table of Contents1. Introduction; 2. The credit economy; 3. The natural selection of science; 4. Social networks and scientific knowledge; 5. Epistemic landscapes; 6. The replication crisis and methodological reform; 7. The replication crisis and methodological reform; Bibliography.

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Book SynopsisThe aim of this Element is to provide an overview of abstractionism in the philosophy of mathematics. The authors distinguish between mathematical abstractionism, which interprets mathematical theories on the basis of abstraction principles, and philosophical abstractionism, which attributes a philosophical significance to mathematical abstractionism. They then survey the main semantic, ontological, and epistemological theses that are associated with philosophical abstractionism. Finally, the authors suggest that the most recent developments in the debate pull abstractionism in different directions.

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Book SynopsisThis Element examines how climate scientists have arrived at answers to three key questions about climate change: How much is earth''s climate warming? What is causing this warming? What will climate be like in the future? Resources from philosophy of science are employed to analyse the methods that climate scientists use to address these questions and the inferences that they make from the evidence collected. Along the way, the analysis contributes to broader philosophical discussions of data modelling and measurement, robustness analysis, explanation, and model evaluation.

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Book SynopsisIn bringing together a global community of philosophers, Global Epistemologies and Philosophies of Science develops novel perspectives on epistemology and philosophy of science by demonstrating how frameworks from academic philosophy (e.g. standpoint theory, social epistemology, feminist philosophy of science) and related fields (e.g. decolonial studies, transdisciplinarity, global history of science) can contribute to critical engagement with global dimensions of knowledge and science. Global challenges such as climate change, food production, and infectious diseases raise complex questions about scientific knowledge production and its interactions with local knowledge systems and social realities. As academic philosophy provides relatively little reflection on global negotiations of knowledge, many pressing scientific and societal issues remain disconnected from core debates in epistemology and philosophy of science. This book is an invitation to broaden agendTable of ContentsIntroduction: Reimagining Epistemology and Philosophy of Science from a Global PerspectivePart I: Rethinking Philosophical Practices1. Philosophy or Philosophies? Epistemology or Epistemologies? 2. Linguistic diversity in Philosophy3. Anti-colonial Feminisms and Their Philosophies of Science: Latin American Issues4. Philosophy of Science in China: Politicized, De-politicized, and Re-politicized5. Experimental PhilosophyPart II: Reconfiguring Scientific Methods6. Developing transdisciplinary practices: an interplay between disagreement and trust 7. Sustainability science as a management science: Beyond the natural-social divide8. "Science Must Fall" and the Call for Decolonization in South Africa 9. Structural Epistemic (In)Justice in Global Contexts10. Excess and indigenous worldview: Philosophising on the problem of method 11. Radical Alterity, Representation, and the Ontological TurnPart III: Negotiating Science in/with Society12. The Democratization of Science13. Science and Values – Multi-Strategic Research and Traditional Saberes14. Science and industry funding15. Innovationism North and South16. Post-truth and science: looking beyond the Global NorthPart IV: Situating the Living World17. Environmental Thinking in African Philosophy: A Defence of Biocentrism using the notion of Nma Ndu18. Cultural Evolution: A Case Study in Global Epistemologies of Science19. What is an appropriate philosophy of human science for 21st century indigenous psychologies?20. On local medical traditions21. Revisiting the question of race and biology in the South African social sciencesPart V: Reimagining Abstract and Physical Worlds22. Philosophical Cartography23. Modelling the apparent spread of science: Some insights from the history of science in Japan24. Buddhist Logic from a Global Perspective 25. Perspectives on the Indian Mathematical Tradition 26. Science as craftwork with integrity Postscript

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Book SynopsisWhat makes something morally right? Where do our ethical standards come from? Are they relative to cultures or timeless and universal? Are there any objective moral facts? What is goodness? If there are moral facts, how do we learn about them? What do we mean when we say someone ought to do something? These are all questions in metaethics, the branch of ethics that investigates the status of morality, the nature of ethical value, the possibility of ethical knowledge, and the meaning of ethical statements. To the uninitiated it can appear abstract and far removed from its two more concrete cousins, ethical theory and applied ethics, yet it is one of the fastest-growing and most exciting areas of ethics.What is this thing called Metaethics? demystifies this important subject and is ideal for students coming to it for the first time. Beginning with a brief overview of metaethics and the development of a conceptual toolkit, Matthew Chrisman introduces and assesses the follTrade ReviewPraise for the First Edition:'This is an outstanding introductory text that combines clear, concise, and detailed coverage of all of the traditional metaethical positions, with original and distinctive treatments of new developments in metaethics, and with a fascinating discussion of how metaethical thinking relates to more broadly normative issues. It will be an excellent resource for students and their teachers alike.' - Michael Brady, University of Glasgow, UKTable of ContentsPreface to the Second Edition Introduction 1. Four Key Issues 2. Naturalism 3. Nonnaturalism 4. Error Theory and Fictionalism 5. Expressivism 6. Summary and Chart 7. Theories That Are Hard to Classify in Traditional Terms 8. Refocusing Metaethics? Glossary of Terms Index

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Book SynopsisThe term sensitive research' is applied to a wide range of issues and settings. It is used to denote projects that may involve risk to people, stigmatising topics, and/or require a degree of sensitivity on behalf of the researcher. Rather than take the notion of sensitive research' for granted, this collection unpacks and challenges what the term means. This book is a collective endeavour to reflect on research practices around sensitive research', providing in-depth explorations about what this label means to different researchers, how it is done including the need to be sensitive as a researcher and what impacts this has on methods and knowledge creation. The book includes chapters from researchers who have explored a diverse range of research topics, including sex and sexuality, death, abortion, and learning disabilities, from several disciplinary perspectives, including sociology, anthropology, health services research and interdisciplinary work. The researchers includeTable of Contents1. Introduction: Unpacking sensitive research: a stimulating exploration of an established concept Part 1: Unpacking ‘sensitivity’: the tyranny of established definitions 2. What is ‘sensitive’ about sensitive research? The sensitive researchers’ perspective 3. Relatively normal? Navigating emergent sensitivity in generating and analysing accounts of ‘normality’ 4. Involving young people with life-limiting conditions in research on sex: the intersections of taboo and vulnerability Part 2: ‘Sensitive’ Ethics in action: Research encounters and 'Whose research is this anyway'? 5. Reflecting on asynchronous internet mediated focus groups for researching culturally sensitive issues 6. ‘Working together is like a partnership of entangled knowledge’: exploring the sensitivities of doing participatory data analysis with people with learning disabilities 7. Difficult data: reflections on making knowledge claims in a turmoil of competing subjectivities, sensibilities and sensitivities Part 3: ‘The ideal sensitive researcher’: reflexivity, internalisation and the cost to self? 8. Internalising ‘sensitivity’: vulnerability, reflexivity and death research(ers) 9. Researching perinatal death: managing the myriad of emotions in the field 10. ‘Men, we just deal with it differently’: researching sensitive issues with young men 11. The performance of researching sensitive issues

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Book SynopsisThis book discusses various aspects of God's causal activity. Traditional theology has long held that God acts in the world and interrupts the normal course of events by performing special acts. Although the tradition is unified in affirming that God does create, conserve, and act, there is much disagreement about the details of divine activity. The chapters in this book fruitfully explore these disagreements about divine causation.The chapters are divided into two sections. The first explores historical views of divine causal activity from the Pre-Socratics to Hume. The second section addresses a variety of contemporary issues related to God's causal activity. These chapters include defenses of the possibility of special acts of God, proposals of models of divine causation, and analyses of divine conservation.Philosophical Essays on Divine Causation will be of interest to researchers and graduate students working in philosophy of religion, philosophicTrade Review"Divine causation and divine agency are crucially important topics in theology and philosophy of religion, and Ganssle’s collection provides both excellent discussions of key historical views and some important proposals on contemporary controversies. Highly recommended for both philosophers of religion and theologians." – William Hasker, Huntington University, USATable of ContentsIntroductionGregory E. Ganssle1. Divine Causal Agency in Classical Greek PhilosophyDonald J. Zeyl2. Divine Causality according to Neo-PlatonismPhillip S. Cary3. Aquinas on Divine Causality W. Matthews Grant4. Three Competing Views of God’s Causation of Creaturely Actions: Aquinas, Scotus and OliviGloria Frost5. Durand and Suarez on Divine CausationJacob Tuttle6. Descartes on Voluntary Action and Universal ConservationJoel Archer and C. P. Ragland7. Leibniz on Divine Causation: Continuous Creation and Concurrence Without Occasionalism Julia Jorati8. Berkeley on Divine Human Agency: A Teleological ReconstrualJames S. Spiegel9. What Hume didn’t Notice about Divine Causation Timothy Yenter10. Defending Special Divine ActsRobert A. Larmer11. Divine Sustaining Causes and the Mind-Body ProblemAngus J. L. Menuge12. Neo-Aristotelian Accounts of Divine CreationPaul M. Gould13. Theistic Conferralism: Consolidating Divine sustenance and Trope Theory Robert K. Garcia14. The Timing of Divine Conservation: Pushes, Nudges, and Merry-go-roundsDavid Vander Laan15. Divine Causation and the Pairing ProblemGregory E. Ganssle

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Book SynopsisWhat is Wisdom and Can it be Taught? uses careful theoretical analysis and a well-argued ontological conception of the human being to present a new âHolistic Wisdom Modelâ, summarizing existing research and presenting fresh insights.Human wisdom is a complex phenomenon. Psychological research in this area has led to a wide range of fragmentary claims and models, and therefore there is a need for theoretical clarification of the field: What is wisdom? How should we study it in the first place? Is it a purely psychological phenomenon, or do we also need philosophy? This book examines these questions, as well as provides a pedagogical review of wisdom to evaluate how people become wise(r) and whether wisdom can be taught. Drawing on findings from a range of educational fields, it shows the crucial features of wisdom-enhancing pedagogies we already know, which are summarized in a âTeaching for Wisdom Modelâ.Written by leading, interdisciplinary scholars, this book illuminates the study of wisdom for researchers, academics, teachers, and students of psychology, philosophy, and education.

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Book SynopsisIn this book Han Thomas Adriaenssen offers the first comparative exploration of the sceptical reception of representationalism in medieval and early modern philosophy. Descartes is traditionally credited with inaugurating a new kind of scepticism by saying that the direct objects of perception are images in the mind, not external objects, but Adriaenssen shows that as early as the thirteenth century, critics had already found similar problems in Aquinas's theory of representation. He charts the attempts of philosophers in both periods to grapple with these problems, and shows how in order to address the challenges of scepticism and representation, modern philosophers in the wake of Descartes often breathed new life into old ideas, remoulding them in ways that we are just beginning to understand. His book will be valuable for historians interested in the medieval background to early modern thought, and to medievalists looking at continuity with the early modern period.Trade Review'Adriaenssen's rich and detailed study, which carefully evaluates the extant literature (in English, German, French and Italian) and offers subtle interpretations of difficult texts, makes a real contribution to the research on medieval and early modern theories of cognition. It will be indispensable reading for students and scholars working on this topic.' Notre Dame Philosophical ReviewsTable of ContentsIntroduction; Part I. The Veil of Species: 1. Through species to the world. Aquinas and Henry of Ghent; 2. Perception without intermediaries. Olivi's critique of species; 3. Direct realism about perception and beyond. Auriol and Ockham; Part II. The Veil of Cartesian Ideas: 4. Transformations of Cartesianism. Malebranche and Arnauld; 5. Ideas and objects in Desgabets's radical Cartesianism; 6. The solid philosophy of John Sergeant; Part III. Representations and Scepticism: 7. From representation to object; 8. Criteriological problems; Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisBergson was a pre-eminent European philosopher of the early twentieth century and his work covers all major branches of philosophy. This volume of essays is the first collection in twenty years in English to address the whole of Bergson''s philosophy, including his metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of science, philosophy of life, aesthetics, ethics, social and political thought, and religion. The essays explore Bergson''s influence on a number of different fields, and also extend his thought to pressing issues of our time, including philosophy as a way of life, inclusion and exclusion in politics, ecology, the philosophy of race and discrimination, and religion and its enduring appeal. The volume will be valuable for all who are interested in this important thinker and his continuing relevance.Trade Review'This collection presents new and promising interpretations of Henri Bergson, revealing the reach of his thought into political science, sociology, aesthetics, and religious studies. Academic readers across the humanities and social sciences will find them accessible and provocative.' Michael Kelly, University of San Diego'In its choice of the most innovative topics in research on Bergson, this book presents an original and at the same time very rich spectrum of the last twenty years of research … Even though they draw on the most canonical texts, the various contributions present highly original interpretations of Bergson's oeuvre and highlight its enduring fertility.' Société des Amis de Bergson Newsletter'This collection is extremely thought-provoking and an excellent resource for scholars as well as students already familiar with his work.' Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews'Critical Essays is an extraordinary contribution to scholarship on Bergson and the history of philosophy and science.' John R. Bagby, MetascienceTable of ContentsIntroduction Alexandre Lefebvre and Nils F. Schott; 1. Bergson's theory of truth Arnaud François; 2. What was 'serious philosophy' for the young Bergson? Giuseppe Bianco; 3. Bergson and naturalism Stéphane Madelrieux; 4. Bergson on the true intellect Leonard Lawlor; 5. Bergson's philosophy of art Mark Sinclair; 6. Bergson, time, and philosophies of life Suzanne Guerlac; 7. Bergson and philosophy as a way of life Keith Ansell-Pearson; 8. Bergson and social theory Alexandre Lefebvre and Melanie White; 9. Bergson and political theory Richard Vernon; 10. Bergson, colonialism, and race Mark Westmoreland; 11. Bergson's philosophy of religion Nils F. Schott.

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Book SynopsisThis Element extensively surveys the contemporary debate on answering the question of what constitutes cognitive scientific progress. It provides a critical summary of the key literature on the issue over the past fifteen years. It proposes an anti-realist answer to questions whose standards are ultimately subjective.Table of Contents1. The contemporary debate on scientific progress: what constitutes cognitive progress?; 2. On second order cognitive goodness makers: the aim(s) of science; 3. Inventing cognitive progress: a subjectivist, quasi-error theoretic, view; References.

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Trade ReviewSelected by Choice magazine as an Outstanding Academic Title for 2018“A new generation of Kant scholars is on the rise, and this beautifully printed and consummately edited scholarly collection announces their ascendancy with distinctive fanfare. … The essays are extremely readable, impeccably annotated, and abundantly resourceful, so they will be useful both for novice readers finding their way through Kant’s notoriously difficult thicket of concepts and for established scholars seeking reference points sure to spark renewed debate. … Researchers in particular will find this book a critical touchstone.” (J. G. Moore, Choice, Vol. 55 (12), August, 2018)Table of ContentsContents Series Editor’s Preface Preface Notes on Contributors Note on Sources and Key to Abbreviations Introduction: Kant the Revolutionary: Matthew C. Altman Part I. Biographical and Historical Background 1. Kant’s Life: Steve Naragon 2. Kant and His Philosophical Context: The Reception and Critical Transformation of the Leibnizian-Wolffian Philosophy: Manuel Sánchez-Rodríguez Part II. Metaphysics and Epistemology 3. Transcendental Idealism: What and Why?: Paul Guyer 4. Noumenal Ignorance: Why, for Kant, Can’t We Know Things in Themselves?: Alejandro Naranjo Sandoval and Andrew Chignell 5. Kant’s Concept of Cognition and the Key to the Whole Secret of Metaphysics: Chong-Fuk Lau 6. Apperception, Self-Consciousness, and Self-Knowledge in Kant: Dennis Schulting Part III. Logic 7. The Place of Logic within Kant’s Philosophy: Clinton Tolley Part IV. Relation between Theoretical and Practical Reason 8. The Primacy of Practical Reason: Ralph C. S. Walker 9. A Practical Account of Kantian Freedom: Matthew C. Altman 10. Moral Skepticism and the Critique of Practical Reason: David Zapero Part V. Ethics 11. How a Kantian Decides What to Do: Allen W. Wood 12. Duties to Oneself: Oliver Sensen 13. Demandingness, Indebtedness, and Charity: Kant on Imperfect Duties to Others: Kate Moran 14. Kant and Sexuality: Helga Varden 15. Kant in Metaethics: The Paradox of Autonomy, Solved by Publicity: Carla Bagnoli Part VI. Aesthetics 16. Feeling the Life of the Mind: Mere Judging, Feeling, and Judgment: Fiona Hughes 17. On Common Sense, Communicability, and Community: Eli Friedlander 18. Immediate Judgment and Non-Cognitive Ideas: The Pervasive and Persistent in the Misreading of Kant’s Aesthetic Formalism: Jennifer A. McMahon 19. Sublimity and Joy: Kant on the Aesthetic Constitution of Virtue: Melissa McBay Merritt Part VII. Philosophy of Science 20. “Proper Science” and Empirical Laws: Kant’s Sense of Science in the Critical Philosophy: John H. Zammito 21. From General to Special Metaphysics of Nature: Michael Bennett McNulty (with Marius Stan) Part VIII. Philosophy of Religion 22. Kant on Faith: Religious Assent and the Limits to Knowledge: Lawrence Pasternack 23. The Fate of Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason: Martin Moors Part IX. Political Philosophy 24. The Critical Legal and Political Philosophy of Immanuel Kant: 25. A Cosmopolitan Law Created by Cosmopolitan Citizens: The Kantian Project Today: Soraya Nour Sckell 26. Kant’s Mature Theory of Punishment, and a First Critique Ideal Abolitionist Alternative: Benjamin Vilhauer Part X. Anthropology, History, and Education 27. Denkungsart in Kant’s Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View: Patrick R. Frierson 28. Kant on Emotions, Feelings, and Affectivity: Alix Cohen 29. The Philosopher as Legislator: Kant on History: Katerina Deligiorgi 30. Becoming Human: Kant’s Philosophy of Education and Human Nature: Robert B. Louden Part XI. The Kantian Aftermath, and Kant’s Contemporary Relevance 31. Kant after Kant: The Indispensable Philosopher: Michael Vater 32. Kant, the Copernican Devolution, and Real Metaphysics: Robert Hanna 33. Contemporary Kantian Moral Philosophy: Michael Rohlf Conclusion: Kant the Philosopher: Matthew C. Altman Index

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Book SynopsisFor Aristotle, habit was a fundamental aspect of human nature; and for William James, it was the enormous flywheel of society. In both the history of philosophy and contemporary research, it is acknowledged as a fundamental topic in ethics, moral psychology, philosophy of action, and phenomenology.This major volume, written by a team of international contributors, is an outstanding collection that offers a thorough and diverse philosophical exploration of habit from the classical period to the modern day. Carefully edited to reflect the breadth of the subject, its 18 chapters are divided into four clear parts: Habit and Ancient Philosophy Habit and Early Modern Philosophy Habit and Modern Philosophy Contemporary Perspectives on Habit. Key topics, debates, and figures are covered such as the emotions, perception, free will, William James, John Dewey, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, John McDowell, and Hubert Dreyfus.HabTable of ContentsIntroduction Jeremy Dunham and Komarine Romdenh-Romluc Part 1: Habit and Ancient Philosophy 1. Socrates on Habituation and Politics: Plato’s Gorgias 509c6-510a4 Leo Catana 2. Guided Practice Makes Perfect Habituation into Full Virtue in Aristotle’s Ethics Karen Margrethe Nielsen 3. Aristotle on the nature of ethos and ethismos Margaret Hampson 4. Making Progress: Epictetus on Habituation John Sellars Part 2: Habit and Early Modern Philosophy 5. Forming the Habit of Thinking Well: Descartes’ Reshaping of the Act of Reasoning Elodie Cassan 6. Habit in Hartley’s Reconciling Project: Between Christian Morality and the Usual Course of Nature Catherine Dromelet 7. Habit and Will in Eighteenth-Century British Philosophy John Wright 8. Kant’s Account of Intellectual Habit and Moral Education Carl Hildebrand Part 3: Habit and Modern Philosophy 9. The Dispositional Account of Habits and Explanation of Moral Action in F.H. Bradley Dina Babushkina 10. Phenomenology as Vocation – A Project Instituted and Habituated by the Will Sara Heinämaa 11. Personal Acts, Habit, and Embodied Agency in Merleau-Ponty’s Phenomenology of Perception Justin White 12. Deleuze on Habit and Time; or, How to Get, and How not to Get, from Hume to Bergson Mark Sinclair Part 4: Contemporary Perspectives on Habit 13. Habit and the Spiritual Life: Perspectives from Christian Mysticism and the Philosophy of Religion Simone Kotva 14. Are habits inherited? A possible epigenetic route from Charles Darwin to the contemporary debate Mariagrazia Portera and Mauro Mandrioli 15. The Discourse Ecology Model: Changing the World One Habit at a Time Susan Notess 16. Habit and Practice Clare Carlisle 17. Habit-Formation: What’s in a Perspective? Will Hornett 18. Habits in Perception: A Diachronic Defence of Hyperinferentialism Cathy Legg. Index

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Book SynopsisOne of the most pervasive and persistent questions in philosophy is the relationship between the natural sciences and traditional philosophical categories such as metaphysics, epistemology and the mind. Contemporary Philosophical Naturalism and Its Implications is a unique and valuable contribution to the literature on this issue. It brings together a remarkable collection of highly regarded experts in the field along with some young theorists providing a fresh perspective. This book is noteworthy for bringing together committed philosophical naturalists (with one notable and provocative exception), thus diverging from the growing trend towards anti-naturalism.The book consists of four sections: the first deals with the metaphysical implications of naturalism, in which two contributors present radically different perspectives. The second attempts to reconcile reasons and forward-looking goals with blind Darwinian natural selection. The third tackles various probTable of Contents1. Exploring the Post-Darwinian Naturalist Landscape Bana Bashour and Hans D. Muller Section I: Metaphysics Naturalized? 2. Disillusioned Naturalism Alexander Rosenberg 3. Naturalism and the "Linguistic Turn" Paul Horwich Section II: Reasons Naturalized 4. The Evolution of Reasons Daniel C. Dennett 5. The Tangle of Natural Purposes That is Us Ruth Garrett Millikan Section III: Knowledge Naturalized 6. Skill Learning and Conceptual Thought: Making a Way Through the Wilderness Ellen Fridland 7. Nominalism, Naturalism and Materialism: Sellars’ Critical Ontology Ray Brassier 8. Naturalizing Kinds Muhammad Ali Khalidi Section IV: The Human Mind Naturalized 9. Human Uniqueness and the Pursuit of Knowledge: A Naturalistic Account Tim Crane 10. Naturalism and Intentionality Hans D. Muller 11. Can I Be a Good Animal? A Naturalized Account of Virtue Ethics Bana Bashour

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Book SynopsisSome scientific categories seem to correspond to genuine features of the world and are indispensable for successful science in some domain; in short, they are natural kinds. This book gives a general account of what it is to be a natural kind and puts the account to work illuminating numerous specific examples.Table of ContentsList of Figures Acknowledgements Introduction How to Think About Natural Kinds A Modest Definition Natural Kinds Put to Work Practical and Impractical Ontology The Menace of Triviality Causal Processes and Property Clusters Conclusion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisFollowing the insight that mediated subjectivity need not mean alienated selfhood, Meredith forwards a postmetaphysical model of the experiential based on the interpenetration of poststructuralist thinking and hermeneutic phenomenology.Table of ContentsIntroduction: Difference Unleashed Difference and Undecidability: Post-Saussurean Thought Woman as Text: the Influence of Poststructuralism on Feminism The Poststructuralist Erasure of Experience Postmetaphysical Frameworks for Experience 'It's Me Here': Writing the Singular Self, Writing the Post-deconstructive Female Self Conclusion: Rapprochement Index

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Book SynopsisJacques Derrida famously stated in Specters of Marx that a justice worthy of the name must call us to render justice not only to the living but also to the dead. In The Politics and Pedagogy of Mourning, Timothy Secret argues that offering a persuasive account of such a duty requires establishing a discussion among the 20th century's three key thinkers on death Heidegger, Levinas and Freud. Despite arguing that none of these three figures' discourses offers us a complete account of our duty to the dead and that it remains impossible to unify them into a single, consistent and correct approach, Secret nevertheless offers an account of how Derrida managed to produce an always singular articulation of these discourses in each of the acts of eulogy he offered for his philosophical contemporaries. This is one of the first monographs to pay particular attention to the key role any contemporary account of the ethics of eulogy must grant to the revolutionary theoreticTrade ReviewTimothy Secret’s book addresses a very important area of Derrida’s work that has thus far not received justly-deserved attention. The originality of Secret’s project and its most significant impact, I believe, rests on the role accorded to Derrida’s eulogies as political acts “offering a pedagogy in responsibility. * Kas Saghafi, Department of Philosophy, University of Memphis, USA *Timothy Secret’s book is quite remarkable: erudite, well written and argued, conceptually strong and original, it sheds a completely new light on a decisive moment of contemporary philosophy. There is little doubt that it will form an important contribution to debates about the work of the philosopher Jacques Derrida, but also the relationship between ethics, politics, ontology, psychoanalysis, and, not least, its designated “object”, the existential and moral phenomenon of mourning. * Etienne Balibar, Distinguished Professor, Comparative Literature, School of Humanities, UC Irvine, USA *Timothy Secret has accomplished a great deal with this text. For those who already turn to the work of Jacques Derrida or Sigmund Freud to think about the ethics and politics of mourning, this work will be invaluable. For those who are skeptical of deconstruction or psychoanalysis, it will serve as a refreshingly clear and convincing argument that they should rethink their positions. For all who find themselves reflecting on the sobering if not impossible responsibilities of speaking about the dead, Secret’s text will become an irreplaceable intellectual companion. * David W. McIvor, Assistant Professor of Political Science, Colorado State University, USA *Combining eloquence and sharp philosophical insight in equal measure, Timothy Secret weaves a fascinating commentary on the treatment of questions of death and mourning in the work of four of the twentieth century's most prominent thinkers. His book represents a major contribution to our understanding of the ways in which Freud, Heidegger, Levinas and Derrida approach that most ineluctable of issues – our common mortality. * Peter Dews, Director of Undergraduate Studies, School of Philosophy and Art History, University of Essex, UK *Secret is a sensitive and illuminating reader of Derrida. -- Stuart Walton * Review31 *[T]his is a book to read. -- Dawne McCance, University of Manitoba * Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews *The challenge to develop a significant learning experience through Derrida’s eulogies could be difficult, but it is not impossible, and Secret’s book is an essential tool to begin the process and overcome some of the barriers. The author’s passion for the topic is evident; I believe this book is relevant and extraordinary, and it is an outstanding addition to the literature in the field of death and dying. For all of these reasons I recommend it to those interested in death, mourning, and eulogy as a way to memorialize those who have gone before us. -- José Luis Moreno * Adult Education Quarterly *Table of ContentsPreface: The Proffered Refuge of the Dead (or ‘Why Psychoanalysis’) 1. Becoming Mortal 1.1. Learning to Die 1.2 The Anticipation of Death (on Heidegger) 2. Articulation 2.1 The Work of Deconstruction 2.2 Hinges and Articulations 3. The Ethics of Vulnerability 3.1 A Wounding of Language 3.2 Death in the Order of Exposition 4. The Scene of Writing 4.1 The Psychographic Metaphor 4.2 Psychic Sketches 5. Mourning or Melancholia 5.1 Psychoanalysis and Mourning 5.2 The Ghosts of Budapest 6. The Address of Eulogy 6.1 The Most Common of Experiences 6.2 The Simplest Thing 6.3 Memoires 6.4 The World is Gone Conclusion: Closing the Tomb Appendix: The Exceptional Solitude of Abraham and Torok Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisF.W.J. Schelling (1775-1854) stands alongside J.G. Fichte and G.W.F. Hegel as one of the great philosophers of the German idealist tradition. The Schelling Reader introduces students to Schelling's philosophy by guiding them through the first ever English-language anthology of his key textsan anthology which showcases the vast array of his interests and concerns (metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of nature, ethics, aesthetics, philosophy of religion and mythology, and political philosophy). The reader includes the most important passages from all of Schelling's major works as well as lesser-known yet illuminating lectures and essays, revealing a philosopher rigorously and boldly grappling with some of the most difficult philosophical problems for over six decades, and constantly modifying and correcting his earlier thought in light of new insights.Schelling's evolving philosophies have often presented formidable challenges to the teaching of his thought. For the first time, Trade ReviewWhistler and Berger have done us a great service by showing us the whole span of Schelling’s genius. One comes away struck by the breadth and depth of Schelling’s thought, and also by its rigorous consistency. These translations, and the insightful commentary that accompanies them, should have a game-changing impact on Schelling studies in English. * Sean McGrath, Professor of Philosophy, Memorial University, Canada *Schelling is one of the greatest philosophers of all time, who provides illuminating views of every area of philosophy. Compared to other great German Idealists such as Fichte and Hegel, Schelling’s thought has been neglected, especially among English speakers. This judiciously chosen, thematically arranged collection of excellent translations makes an overview of Schelling’s philosophy accessible in English for the first time, bringing into view his dynamic conception of nature, his account of the unconscious, and his emphasis on the importance of art and myth in human life. This volume is an indispensable resource for anybody who is interested in nineteenth century European philosophy, in existentialism, and in the contemporary revival of post-Kantian Idealism. * Paul Franks, Professor of Philosophy and Religious Studies and Judaic Studies, Yale University, New Haven, USA *Schelling is one of the most influential post-Kantian philosophers and this excellent collection now makes it possible for English-speaking readers to discover the impressive breadth, subtlety and originality of his thought. It contains well-chosen texts on a wide range of topics, from metaphysics and the philosophy of nature to aesthetics and politics, together with clear and accessible introductions and helpful suggestions for further reading. Berger and Whistler are to be congratulated on putting together an outstanding and very welcome volume. * Stephen Houlgate, Professor of Philosophy, University of Warwick, UK *The great virtue of Berger and Whistler’s anthology is to make clear the depth and extraordinary range of Schelling’s work, while providing newcomers and scholars alike with tools to understand the importance of one of the most difficult and influential post-Kantian philosophers. As the first English-language anthology of Schelling’s writings, The Schelling Reader will have a lasting impact on scholarship of German idealism, by enabling a new generation of readers to think with Schelling about topics in many areas of philosophy. * Karin Nisenbaum, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Boston College, USA *Table of ContentsEditors’ Introduction Part One: Metaphysics 1. The Unconditioned 2. Identity and Difference 3. Nature 4. Time, Space and the Categories Part Two: Philosophical Methods 5. Intuition, Construction and Recollection 6. Reason and Experience 7. System 8. History of Philosophy Part Three: The Ideal World 9. Freedom 10. Art and Mythology 11. Religion 12. Politics

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Book SynopsisHumanity has thrown everything we have at implacable lucknovel theologies, entire philosophical movements, fresh branches of mathematicsand yet we seem to have gained only the smallest edge on the power of fortune. The Myth of Luck tells us why we have been fighting an unconquerable foe. Taking us on a guided tour of one of our oldest concepts, we begin in ancient Greece and Rome, considering how Plato, Plutarch, and the Stoics understood luck, before entering the theoretical world of probability and exploring how luck relates to theology, sports, ethics, gambling, knowledge, and present-day psychology. As we travel across traditions, times and cultures, we come to realize that it's not that as soon as we solve one philosophical problem with luck that two more appear, like heads on a hydra, but rather that the monster is altogether mythological. We cannot master luck because there is nothing to defeat: luck is no more than a persistent and troubling illusion. By introducing usTrade ReviewA fascinating discourse on the nature and significance of luck that draws on a diverse range of sources; a delightful and enlightening journey. * Duncan Pritchard, UC Distinguished Professor of Philosophy, University of California, Irvine, USA *In this book, Steven Hales challenges what we often take to be uncontentious assumptions about luck and its significance in our lives, both morally and epistemically. The result is a novel and provocative account of luck, one that will be an important reference point for future work in the area. * J. Adam Carter, Lecturer of Philosophy, University of Glasgow, UK *A lively, richly illustrated romp through a deep human topic, all in hopes of freeing us from Lady Fortuna's grip. We confuse luck for chance and fortune, Hales suggests, and we re-gain our sense of agency by knowing which is which. * Aaron James, author of Assholes: A Theory and Surfing with Sartre, and Professor of Philosophy, University of California, Irvine, USA *Table of ContentsAcknowledgements 1. Lachesis's Lottery and the History of Luck The Myth of Er Tuche and Fortuna Submission to luck: lucky charms Rebellion against luck: Stoicism Denial of luck: all is fated Luck and gambling 2.Luck and Skill Slaying Laplace's Demon A probability theory of luck Winners and losers Buying hope on credit A skill equation? Problems with probability 3. Fragility and Control Invisible cities of the possible The garden of (logically) forking paths A modal theory of luck Transworld 2000 Lucky necessities A control theory of luck Séances and rubber hands Wimbledon 2012 Synchronic and diachronic luck 4. Moral Luck The Kantian puzzle The Egg of Columbus The accidental Nazi and the museum of medical oddities Equalizing fortune Privilege Essential origins 5. Knowledge and Serendipity Finding Meno Discover « forget The man who sold the Eiffel Tower and other skeptical threats The Overton Window Serendipity Divide and conquer 6. The Irrational Biases of Luck The frame shop Dueling vignettes Optimism vs. pessimism Sailing stones and flying witches Machine gambling Against luck Go luck yourself Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisIn Apperception and Self-Consciousness in Kant and German Idealism, Dennis Schulting examines the themes of reflexivity, self-consciousness, representation and apperception in the philosophy of Immanuel Kant and German Idealism more widely. Central to Schulting's argument is the claim that all human experience is inherently self-referential and that this is part of a self-reflexivity of thought, or what is called transcendental apperception, a Kantian insight that was first apparent in the work of Christian Wolff and came to inform all of German Idealism. In this rigorous text, Schulting establishes the historical roots of Kant's thought and traces it through to his immediate successors, Karl Leonhard Reinhold, Johann Gottlieb Fichte and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. He specifically examines the cognitive role of selfconsciousness and its relation to idealism and situates it in a clear and coherent history of rationalist philosophy.Trade ReviewIn this volume Dennis Schulting goes beyond his earlier close studies of Kant's Transcendental Deduction by explaining in detail how Kant's critical conception of self-consciousness plays a central and positive role in the philosophies of Reinhold, Fichte, and Hegel. A distinctive feature of the work is its extensive attention to recent secondary literature on this topic, as well as its nuanced articulation and defense of a systematic position on German Idealism that develops many related themes emphasized by scholars such as Robert Pippin. * Karl Ameriks, McMahon-Hank Professor of Philosophy Emeritus, University of Notre Dame, USA *This highly engaging study provides a subtle and intelligent interpretation of Kant’s concept of transcendental apperception. It sheds welcome light on Kant’s significant debt to Leibniz and Wolff and highlights Kant’s profound influence on his successors, Reinhold, Fichte and Hegel. This is an eminently readable and thought-provoking study. * Stephen Houlgate, Professor of Philosophy, University of Warwick, UK *Table of ContentsPreface 1. Introduction: Ineliminably Reflexive Human Experience 2. The ‘Self-Knowledge’ of Reason: Kant’s Copernican Hypothesis 3. ‘A representation of my representations’: Apperception and the Leibnizian-Wolffian Background 4. Apperception, Self-Consciousness, and Self-Knowledge in Kant 5. Reflexivity, Intentionality, and Animal Perception 6. Disciple or Renegade? On Reinhold’s Representationalism, the Principle of Consciousness, and the Thing in Itself 7. Apperception and Representational Content: Fichte, Hegel, and Pippin 8. On the Kinship of Kant’s and Hegel’s Metaphysical Logics 9. Hegel, Transcendental Philosophy, and the Myth of Realism Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisDesigned to help readers deepen their understanding of Hinduism, and reflecting themes central to the study of religion and culture, Jessica Frazier explores classical Hindu theories of self, the body, the cosmos, and human action. Case studies from Hindu texts provide readers with direct access to primary sources in translation, ranging from ancient cosmology to philosophical teachings and modern ritual practices.Hinduism is often depicted as being so diverse that it is the most difficult of all of the world religions to understand or explain. Hindu Worldviews explains core ideas about the human mind and body, showing how they fit into concepts of the Self, and practices of embodiment in Hinduism. It draws on western theoretical concepts as a point of entry, connecting contemporary Hindu culture directly with both western and classical Hindu theories.Through the theme of the Self in classical Hindu sources, the chapters provide an interpretative framework for understanding clasTrade ReviewThis well written and interesting book is an important contribution that offers a fresh reading of Hindu thinking and practice, showing us that a Hindu history of ideas is relevant to contemporary intellectual concerns. This is a book that should widely read not only within Hindu Studies but in broader context of philosophical and religious history. * Professor Gavin Flood FBA, Yap Kim Hao Professor of Comparative Religious Studies, Yale-NUS College, Singapore *In this far-reaching work, Jessica Frazier explodes the myth - and it still needs exploding - that the foundations of Hindu thought encourage the agent to recoil from world and body in the realization that illusion is the true mark of reality. In this magisterial overview, she displays with penetrating insight the impressive range of options and explorations for constructive engagement with the worlds in which we live that characterises the Hindu intellectual heritage. An achievement of wonderful scholarship and understanding. * Professor Julius Lipner, Fellow of the British Academy, Professor emeritus of Hinduism and the Comparative Study of Religion, University of Cambridge *Hindu Worldviews stands strong in a field that has been reinvestigating methodologies, bridging the sometimes overlooked aspects of religions and cultures as missed by the colonizing gaze. Frazier does careful work in engaging the classical Hindu worldviews towards her second goal of finding a more global theory of everything, as well as adeptly focusing on her first stated goal of exploring the classical worldviews of a multiform Hinduism. * Reading Religion *Table of ContentsPreface Acknowledgements Note on Translations 1. Introduction: Hindu Worldviews and Global Theory Part One - The Art of Embodiment: The Self Made of Matter 2. Theories of Self in Classical Hinduism 3. Bodies Made of Elements and Structures 4. Bodies Made of Substances and Modes 5. Agency and the Art of the Self Part Two - Becoming the World: The Self Made of Thought 6. Theories of Reason in Classical Hinduism 7. Becoming the World through Reason 8. Theories of Everything Part Three - Shaping the World: Classical Embodiment in Practice 9. Theories of Ritual and Practice in Hindu Culture 10. Practices of Materiality: Structuring and Transformative Rituals 11. Interactive Practices and the Community of Selves 12. Speculative Practices and the Reality of Ideas 13. Conclusion: The Art of Being Human in the Hindu Cosmos References Index

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Book SynopsisUnique access to archival material of a major thinker, including presentations, early drafts, and a thorough introduction to the history of the philosophical notion of the individual The second volume of Individuation in Light of Notions of Form and Information presents archival documents detailing both the preliminary research conducted by Gilbert Simondon as well as sketches of early drafts and presentations of his work throughout the intellectual era of his eventual magnum opus. Volume II provides an erudite and important overview of a unique history of both the role the individual has played throughout history in philosophy, religion, and society as well as insight into the contemporary machinations and exciting milieu in which Simondon dared to tread as an interdisciplinary thinker in philosophy and psychology, as well as the new burgeoning fields of computer science and cybernetics. This companion volume provides insight into Simondon’s primary thesis, for which he is renowned by scholars in a wide range of academic disciplines. Readers across the humanities and the sciences, information theory, philosophy of technology, and many other fields now have a vital resource for intellectual exploration into the human’s ongoing relationship with the technological universe.

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Book SynopsisIn his book, Man''s Search for Meaning, WW II Nazi labor camp survivor, Dr. Viktor Frankl, taught us the ultimate human freedom that cannot be taken from us. It is the power to choose how we respond to our circumstances. Our current circumstances aren''t even close to the horrors of the Nazi camps, yet we are experiencing one of the most challenging times in our 240-plus years of history as a nation.We are at an inflection point. As this nation decides what it will become, many of us will find that outcome to be a continuous disruption of our peace and contentment. So, how do we find wellbeing? Where do we look for the personal sanity we need to maintain balance in this age of chaos?The sages throughout history have said, look inward. Inward to that authentic self, that when fully realized, expresses our personality. A gift given to us at birth, our species'' biological structure has evolved to survive over the millennia. It gives us the conscious ability to bring order to the chaos that deluges us.The first step to keeping order is to bring it to our inner SELF. This is the repository of all the uninvited unconscious historical biases from the lives of the people who preceded us. They''ve taken up residence in our unconscious mind. ?The prerequisite step to critical thinking is to uncover those biases. They are what automatically affects our first conscious response to everything we think and do.The challenge is clear. Learn to manage these automatic responses and release your intellectual capacity to think for yourself or settle for being forever manipulated by the whims and fancies of other people.===========================?"If you choose to read this book, you take the red pill because it is about critical thinking. And critical thinking, while uncomfortable, unnatural, and inconvenient, will awaken you to your own safe and sane place to stand"I really enjoyed examples from your personal story and that you''re being honest about your problems and issues in your life. That made me want to read more because you''re being honest about those problems. So, I trusted the rest of book to be honest.I had to slow down and take my time reading, as it was filled with knowledge and facts. I know this is a book that I will read and re-read as I have already done on a couple chapters.A quote that I particularly liked is "Look to science to tell us what facts are right or wrong. Look to religion to tell us what actions are good or evil."- A. J. B.

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Book SynopsisIn this book, renowned philosopher John Perry responds to criticisms of his influential writing on “the essential indexical.” He begins by explaining the conclusions of his past articles. He then argues that many criticisms are based on confusions about the relation between the issues of opacity and cognitive significance, and other basic misunderstandings of his views. While dealing with criticisms, Perry makes a number of points about self-knowledge, the issue that motivated his original papers.Table of Contents1 Introduction2 The Basic Claims3 Opacity and Cognitive Significance4 Names and Indexicals: New Theories of Reference5 Names and Indexicals: Frege’s Theory of Reference6 Referential, Nominal and Indexical Content7 What About Opacity?8 Hume and Heimson9 A Prior Example10 Kripke11 Back to Self-Knowledge12 Lewis’s Theory 13 The View From Everywhere 14 Conclusion Index

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