Philosophy: epistemology and theory of knowledge Books

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Book SynopsisAlan Rosenberg is Professor of Philosophy, Emeritus, Queens College, The City University of New York, USA and is Associate Editor of Foucault Studies.Joseph Westfall is Associate Professor of Philosophy, University of Houston-Downtown, USA. He is the editor of The Continental Philosophy of Film Reader (Bloomsbury, forthcoming).Trade ReviewOverall, the anthology helps effectively dispel the notion that Foucault might be, as he once famously said, "simply Nietzschean" … [One] hopes that the anthology will generate a new wave of scholarship with a sustained focus on the relationship between Nietzsche and Foucault, no longer an uncharted territory but nevertheless a field for many future discoveries. * Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews *Foucault is, in his own words, ‘simply Nietzschean’ but his relation to Nietzsche is rarely simple. This welcome volume explores complexities and tensions in this relationship across issues ranging from genealogy, truth and knowledge to religion, care of the self and power in order to interrogate the similarities and differences between their philosophical projects. * David Owen, Professor of Social and Political Philosophy, University of Southampton, UK *Table of ContentsAcknowledgments Introduction Alan Rosenberg (Queens College) and Joseph Westfall (University of Houston-Downtown) 1 'Foucault, Nietzsche and the History of Truth' Paul Patton (UNSW Australia) 2 'Nietzsche and Foucault’s “Will to Know”' Alan D. Schrift (Grinnell College) 3 '“We are Experiments”: Nietzsche, Foucault' Keith Ansell-Pearson (University of Warwick) 4 'Nietzsche and Foucault: Modalities of Appropriating the World for an Art of Living' Alan Rosenberg and Alan Milchman (Queens College) 5 'Foucault and Nietzsche: Sisyphus and Dionysus' Michael Ureand Federico Testa (Monash University) 6 'Truth and Becoming Beyond the Liberal Regime' Jill E. Hargis (California State Polytechnic University, Pomona) 7 'Twice Removed: Foucault’s Critique of Nietzsche’s Genealogical Method' Brian Lightbody (Brock University) 8 'The Religion of Power: Between Nietzsche and Foucault' James Urpeth (University of Greenwich) 9 'Nietzsche and Foucault on Power: From Honneth’s Critique to a New Model of Recognition' João Constâncio and Marta Faustino (Universidade NOVA de Lisboa) Note on Contributors Index

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Book SynopsisCecile Malaspina is a visiting lecturer at the Royal College of Art, UK. She is the translator of G. Simondon's On the Mode of Existence of Technical Objects, (forthcoming), and, together with Michael Zimmermann, of E. Morin's Methode II (forthcoming).Trade ReviewThis is one of the freshest intellectual works I have read in recent years. If you did not previously recognize the philosophical significance of Claude Shannon, Warren Weaver, and Norbert Wiener, you will after reading this book. Shannon’s paradoxical claim that information and noise are both forms of entropy is revived by Malaspina and developed with ideas drawn from Gilbert Simondon and Nicholas of Cusa. The result is a challenging and compelling experience for the reader, who will want to study this book multiple times. -- Graham Harman, Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at Southern California Institute of Architecture in Los Angeles, USAThe chapters that form this book are like cuts in a diamond, the precision of which is a thing of beauty. Bringing presuppositions to the fore, little is taken for granted when approaching noise and how to understand it. This is a philosophy of noise that is ultimately freeing and demands to be shared. -- Yve Lomax, Senior Research Tutor in Photography and Fine Art, Royal College of Art, UKThe received view that we now live in information societies obscures a more unsettling premise. For noise is not just intrinsic to information: as Cecile Malaspina contends, noise is rather the very basis of information. Information societies are then noise societies. This startling insight requires the resetting—or rather the upsetting— of basic categories across the board: for communication, sound, physics, biology, social organisation and, as Malaspina argues, of categorization itself. Noise is therefore primary and significant, yet its theorization is a demanding and necessarily transdisciplinary task. Epistemology of Noise attends to that task with rigour and precision. As such, Malaspina has written an establishing text for a new uncontainable field of noise studies. -- Suhail Malik, Reader in Critical Studies, Goldsmiths, University of London, UKThis important study offers a rewarding exploration of its subject, not the least by revealing the deeper philosophical underpinnings of the mathematical and scientific theories of information and noise. The book rightly places them in complex relationships to each other, and against an uncritical opposition between them that has prevented us from understanding the nature of these relationships, and of noise and information themselves, for so long. -- Arkady Plotnitsky, Distinguished Professor of English and Director of Theory and Cultural Studies, Purdue University, USATable of ContentsForeword by Ray Brassier Acknowledgements Note on Text List of Abbreviations Introduction Part 1 Concepts: Information Entropy, Negentropy, Noise I How to Draw the Line between Information and Noise II Entropy as ‘Freedom of Choice’ III Information Entropy and Physical Entropy IV The Idea of ‘Potential Information’ V Physical Concepts of Information and Informational Concepts of Physics VI Information as Process Rather Than Content VII To Think about Information as a Process of Individuation VIII Redundancy and Necessity IX Logic and Freedom of Choice X Noise as Spurious Uncertainty XI Negentropy XII Complexity on the Basis of Noise XIII The Astigmatism of Intuition XIV The Path of Despair Part 2 Empirical Noise I On the Transduction of the Concept of Noise II Accidental Information, Predictable Noise III Ready-Made Information IV Cosmic Background Radiation V Noise in the Gap between Narratives VI Noise in Finance VII Statistics: The Discipline of the Prince VIII The Man without Qualities IX Noise Abatement: The Dawn of Noise X Noise Pollution XI Toxic, Viral, Parasitic Part 3 The ‘Mental State of Noise’ I The Crossroads: Mathematical, Technical, Empirical and Subjective Noise II Internal Chaos, Terror and Confusion III The Vicious Whir of Sensations IV Keat’s Negative Capability V Closure to Noise and the Paradox of the Declining Life VI The Catastophic Reaction to Noise VII Anxiety VIII Order IX Control X The Helmsman Metaphor: Kybernetes XI The Helmsman in Plato’s Alcibiades Dialogue Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisUgo Zilioli is Leverhulme Researcher at the Faculty of Theology and Religion at the University of Oxford and Associate Member of Lady Margaret Hall, UK. He is author of Protagoras and the Challenge of Relativism: Plato's Subtlest Enemy (2007; 2nd edition 2016), The Cyrenaics (2014) and editor of From the Socratics to the Socratic Schools: Classical Ethics, Metaphysics and Epistemology (2015).Trade ReviewThis landmark collection treats the complex problem of atomism with the sophistication it deserves, providing ample resources for studying its historical and systematic aspects. I am particularly glad to see that pertinent mereological discussions from the Indian and Islamic traditions are covered as well. * Jan Westerhoff, Professor of Buddhist Philosophy, University of Oxford, UK *An indispensable collection for all interested in metaphysics. The essays are remarkably lucid, providing any interested reader with deft summaries and clear signposts. This comprehensive collection works as compelling history of how a fundamental idea in classical Greek philosophy travelled through epochs and across disciplines, finding reverberations in classical Asian philosophy, while inspiring insight to problems and continuing to cause questions and provoke debate in this global millennium. * Katherine O'Donnell, Associate Professor of History of Ideas, University College Dublin, Ireland *This inspiring collection begins with a series of important and original studies of atomism as a philosophical and scientific theory in Latin and Greek antiquity. But it goes on to offer an intellectual journey through a web of historical parallels to the ancient Western theories, and receptions and reinventions of atomism through to contemporary metaphysics. It is rare for such a wide-ranging collection to cohere so well, or to offer so much to seduce the reader into broadening the horizons of their interest in the subject. * George Boys-Stones, Professor of Classics and Philosophy, University of Toronto, Canada *This is an original and unprecedented collection. It is not just a history of atomism, from antiquity to the present day, but also – and perhaps more significantly – an exploration of what it means to be an atomist in different philosophical areas and so of what atomism ultimately is. * Gabriele Galluzzo, Senior Lecturer in Ancient Philosophy, University of Exeter, UK *Table of ContentsList of Contributors Preface & Acknowledgments Abbreviations and Transliterations General Introduction, Ugo Zilioli PART I. ATOMISM IN ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY 1. Early Ancient Atomism, Similarities and Differences, Andrew Gregory 2. The Reception of Atomism in Ancient Medical Literature: From Hippocrates to Galen, Vincenzo Damiani 3. Why Aren’t Atoms Coloured?, David Sedley 4. Atoms and Minimal “Parts”: The Originality of Epicurean Atomism, Francesco Verde 5. Atoms and Universals in Epicurus, Attila Nemeth 6. Atoms, Complexes and Simples in the Theaetetus, Sophie-Grace Chappell 7. Atomism in Plato’s Timaeus, Luca Pitteloud PART II. ATOMISM IN NON-WESTERN, MEDIEVAL AND MODERN PHILOSOPHY 8. Atoms and Orientation: Vasubandhu’s Solution To The Problem Of Contact, Amber Carpenter and Ngaserin Ng Jing Ya 9. Aggregates versus Wholes: An Unresolved Debate between the Ny¯aya-Vai´ses.ika and Buddhist Schools in Ancient Indian Atomism, Sahotra Sarkar 10. Atomism and Islamic Thought, Francesco Omar Zamboni 11. Atoms and Time I, Charles Doyle 12. Atoms and Music in Late Medieval Philosophy, Philippa Ovenden 13. Atomism and the Cambridge Platonists, Adrian Mihai 14. Atomism and Society in William Petty, Akos Sivado 15. Atoms, Colours, and God in Leibniz, Alberto Artosi PART III. ATOMISM IN CONTEMPORARY THOUGHT Section I: Philosophy 16. Logical Atomism and Wittgenstein, Annalisa Coliva 17. Atomism and Semantics in the Philosophy of Jerrold Katz, Keith Begley 18. Atoms and Knowledge, Nick Treanor 19. Atoms and Time II, Mauro Dorato 20. Atomism and Marxism in Louis Althusser, Panagiotis Sotiris 21. Atomism and Liberalism, Philip Krinks Section II: Metaphysics 22. Atoms as Universals, Matthew Tugby 23. Atoms and Extended Simples, Travis Dumsday 24. Power Gunk, or Unlimitedly Divided Powers, Anna Marmodoro and Andrea Roselli 25. Atoms and Tropes, Peter Simons Section III: The Sciences: Physics and Chemistry 26. Atoms and Physics-Based Structuralism, Matteo Morganti 27. Atoms and Chemistry I: Not a Success Story, Paul Needham 28. Atoms and Chemistry II, Robin Hendry Index

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Book SynopsisHenri Poincaré (1854-1912) was a French mathematician, theoretical physicist, and a philosopher of science.David J. Stump is Professor of Philosophy at the University of San Francisco, USA.Melanie Frappier is Associate Professor of Humanities at the University of King's College, Canada.Andrea Smith has a Ph.D. in Romance Languages from UCLA, USA.Trade ReviewFrappier et al. have done an excellent job of bringing back—so to speak—Poincaré’s masterpiece of philosophical and scientific thought. * Metascience *I heartily applaud David Stump, Melanie Frappier and Andrea Smith for this splendid new edition of Poincaré's Science and Hypothesis. By bringing language and terminology up-to-date and providing new insights they have ensured that the book can once again reach the wide audience originally reached by Poincaré. At the same time, they give us a fascinating glimpse into the state of philosophy on the eve of the 20th-century revolutions in mathematical and scientific thought. -- John Stillwell, Professor of Mathematics, University of San Francisco, USAPoincaré’s essays on science and mathematics retain their importance after over a century because he stood back from the day-to-day tasks to reflect on what it is to do research, the kinds of questions that can be asked, and the kind of answers one might get. This new translation displays the lucidity of his thought, and David Stump’s Foreword brings out the depths that lie beneath Poincaré’s urbane style. There is new material here, too, and altogether this book is a fresh presentation of Poincaré as an intellectual companion for the twenty-first century. -- Jeremy Gray, Emeritus Professor, The Open University, UKThis updated and corrected translation of Science and Hypothesis is an essential addition to both personal and institutional libraries. Scholars who prefer to read Poincaré in English, as well as general readers of philosophy of science, will appreciate this version, which was produced by a team of three translators/editors. In addition to corrections, the volume includes an additional chapter 14: a paper written in 1906 and added to French editions of 1917, but not included in any prior English translations. Happy reading! -- Janet Folina, Professor of Philosophy, Macalester College, USAThis book is a must-read in the foundations of mathematics and physics. For the beginner, the accurate translation of Poincaré’s masterpiece is an excellent introduction to the subject, full of verve and good humor. For the expert, the brilliant foreword gives a lucid account of the major interpretations of Poincaré’s work. -- Gerhard Heinzmann, President of the International Academy of Philosophy of Science (AIPS), Bruxelles, Université de Lorraine/CNRS, FranceThis is the edition of Poincaré’s Science and Hypothesis English-speaking scholars will henceforth want to use in their teaching and research. The translators have made it more readable without sacrificing accuracy, and their helpful notes, references, and explanations reflect the most recent scholarship on this important philosopher and mathematician. -- Warren Schmaus, Professor of Philosophy, Illinois Institute of Technology, USAIt was certainly about time a new translation of Poincaré’s great classic came out. The translators have done a thorough job comparing first and subsequent editions and updating the language. This volume is to become the definitive English edition of Science and Hypothesis. -- María de Paz, Department of Philosophy, Universidad de Sevilla, SpainPoincare’s Science and Hypothesis offers one of the deepest and yet most accessible investigations into the nature of science, constituting one of the most significant works in philosophy of science of the 20th century. This excellent new translation and introduction to Poincare’s philosophy offers an invaluable resource for anyone interested in the scientific method and the nature of scientific knowledge. -- Milena Ivanova, University of Cambridge, UKTable of Contents1. Introduction by David J. Stump Origin of the parts of the book Author’s Preface Part I: Number and Magnitude 2. On the Nature of Mathematical Reasoning 3. Mathematical Magnitude and Experiment Part II: Space 4. Non-Euclidean Geometries 5. Space and Geometry 6. Experiment and Geometry Part III: Force 7. Classical Mechanics 8. Relative and Absolute Motion 9. Energy and Thermo-Dynamics Part IV: Nature 10. Hypotheses in Physics 11. The Theories of Modern Physics 12. The Calculus of Probabilities 13. Optics and Electricity 14. XIII Electro-Dynamics 15. The End of Matter Index

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Book SynopsisWolfgang Spohn is one of the most distinguished analytic philosophers in Germany. His work covers a huge range including epistemology, metaphysics, and philosophy of science. This collection presents 15 of his most important essays on theoretical philosophy.Table of ContentsPreface Introduction Belief Ch. 1: Ordinal Conditional Functions. A Dynamic Theory of Epistemic States 30 pp. Causation Ch. 2: Direct and Indirect Causes ca. 36 pp. Ch. 3: Bayesian Nets Are All There Is To Causal Dependence 16 pp. Ch. 4: Causation: An Alternative ca. 28 pp. Ch. 5: Causal Laws are Objectifications of Inductive Schemes 30 pp. Laws Ch. 6: Laws, Ceteris Paribus Conditions, and the Dynamics of Belief 22 pp. Ch. 7: Enumerative Induction and Lawlikeness ca. 24 pp. Ch. 8: Chance and Necessity: From Humean Supervenience to Humean Projection ca. 36 pp. Coherence Ch. 9: A Reason for Explanation: Explanations Provide Stable Reasons 32 pp. Ch. 10: Two Coherence Principles 21 pp. Ch. 11: How to Understand the Foundations of Empirical Belief in a Coherentist Way 18 pp. Concepts Ch. 12: A Priori Reasons: Fresh Look at Dispositions ca. 24 pp. Ch. 13: The Character of Color Predicates: A Materialist View 29 pp. Ch. 14: Concepts Are Beliefs About Essences [with Ulrike Haas-Spohn] 30 pp. Ch. 15: The Intentional versus the Propositional Conception of the Objects of Belief ca. 26 pp. Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisAristotle's Metaphysics is an extremely rich and important philosophical work, unique in that it is an inquiry devoted to discovering a doctrine, rather than a treatise that defends a doctrine. This title presents an introduction to the text, offering guidance on: philosophical context; key themes; reading the text; and, reception and influence.Trade Review‘Having already earned an enduring place as an expositor of Aristotle's work in his One and Many in Aristotle's Metaphysics, Edward C. Halper now proves that he is an expert teacher as well. Informed throughout by his unique awareness of the dialectical integrity of this indispensable text, Halper's pellucid guide provides the beginner with a firm foundation for further progress in philosophy.' -- William H.F. Altman, author of Plato the Teacher: The Crisis of the Republic.‘Aristotle's Metaphysics is not an easy book to read, but now it is possible for both graduate and undergraduate classes to study it first-hand. Ed Halper has done a beautiful job of mapping the whole terrain of Aristotle's complex dialectical argument from beginning to end.Thanks to this overview of the whole, one can now chart a well-informed course through a coherent sequence of its parts.' -- Joe Sachs, translator of the Metaphysics and other works of Aristotle.‘This clear and concise book is an invaluable guide to one of Aristotle's most important and profound works. The analysis that Halper offers allow those beginning to navigate the intricacies of Aristotle's Metaphysics to see the main lines of each argument and to make sense of the work as an integral whole.' -- Owen Goldin, Professor of Philosophy at Marquette University, USA. ‘This is an elegant introduction to the main lines of Aristotle's Metaphysics and at the same time an argument for the unity and coherence of the work. It distills decades of reflection on one of the most intricate texts in the Western philosophical tradition. Halper excels at expressing the subtleties of Aristotle's thought in plain English. The reader who is struggling to figure out what Aristotle is up to in the Metaphysics will find much help here.' -- Arthur Madigan S.J., Professor of Philosophy at Boston College, USATable of Contents1. Context; 2. Overview of Themes; 3. Reading the Text; 4. Reception and Influence; 5. Further Reading; Notes; Index.

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Book SynopsisMats Bergman is a Junior Research Fellow at the Academy of Finland and the Department of Communication, University of Helsinki, Finland.Trade Review'Mats Bergman has executed a remarkable feat. He has, at once, offered a lucid exposition of Peirce's theory of signs accessible to those unfamiliar with this theory and a carefully argued, textually substantiated re-interpretation of Peirce's position ... Peirce's Philosophy of Communication makes an extremely important contribution to Peirce no less than communication studies.' - Vincent Colapietro, Liberal Arts Research Professor, Pennsylvania State University, USA 'Bergman takes a novel approach to the study of Peirce 's semeiotic by modeling it as a theory of communication, rather than as an epistemological or logical theory ... In making his case, Bergman provides a comprehensive and exciting review of the critical controversies in Peirce 's semeiotic. This is a book not only for those interested in theories of communication, but also those seeking a solid overview of Peirce's theory of signs.'-James Liszka, Professor of Philosophy, University of Alaska Anchorage, USATable of Contents1. Introduction; 2. A Social Conception of Science; 3. Beyond the Doctrine of Signs; 4. From Representation to Mediation; 5. Prospects of Communication; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisWhat do we mean when we speak about the soul? What are the arguments for the existence of the soul as distinct from the physical body? Do animals have souls? What is the difference between the mind and the soul? The Soul Hypothesisbrings together experts from philosophy, linguistics and science to discuss the validity of these questions in the modern world. They contend that there is an aspect of the nature of human beings that is not reducible to the matter that makes up our bodies. This perspective is part of a family of views traditionally classified in philosophy as substance dualism, and has something serious in common with the ubiquitous human belief in the soul. The Soul Hypothesispresents views from a range of sciences and the resulting big picture shows, more clearly than could a single author with one area of expertise, that there is room for a soul hypothesis.Trade Review"Baker and Goetz have assembled an impressive interdisciplinary team of scholars to address questions about the existence and nature of the soul. The book is unique is combining philosophical and scientific arguments for dualism, and the result is a rigorous, exciting, persuasive presentation of the issues. The Soul Hypothesis is an excellent text that is sure to provoke a vigorous dialog about its content. I highly recommend it." - J. P. Moreland, Distinguished Professor of Philosophy, Biola University, USA"Table of ContentsIntroduction; 1. "The Soul of the Matter" - Charles Taliaferro; 2. "Minds, Brains and Brains in Vats" - Daniel N. Robinson; 3. "Brains and Souls; Grammar and Speaking" - Mark Baker; 4. "Making Things Happen: Souls in Action" - Stewart Goetz; 5. "Energy of the Soul" - Robin Collins; 6. "The Measure of All Things: Quantum Mechanics and the Soul" - Dean Zimmerman; 7. "From Seeing to Seer" - Hans Halvorson; 8. "Souls Beastly and Human" - William Hasker; 9. "A Scientific Case for the Soul" - Robin Collins Afterword; Bibliography.

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Book SynopsisAxel Gelfert is Associate Professor in the Department of Philosophy, National University of Singapore.Trade ReviewGelfert’s book is the very first systematic survey of the expanding philosophical sub-discipline that he calls “the epistemology of testimony”. The work is engagingly written and a model of clarity. [...] His coverage of the field is remarkable, with the principal theoretical issues all addressed and a good survey of some of the main areas of practical application, notably assessment of legal testimony and adjudication between expert witnesses. [...] Gelfert’s hybrid theory has many virtues. It overcomes the weaknesses of the principal rival accounts: unlike anti-reductionist default acceptance theories, it avoids the charge of licensing gullibility, while approving the hearer’s trusting attitude under appropriate circumstances; and, unlike reductionist accounts and certain other hybrid accounts, it avoids the charge of placing impossible burdens on recipients of testimony, while insisting on due wariness under suspicious circumstances. It also does full justice to the roles of social settings and collaborative enterprises in the justification of testimony. A further and notable virtue of Gelfert’s inference to the best explanation based account is its flexibility, openness and suggestiveness of further lines of research. * Studies in History and Philosophy of Science *Gelfert’s book, the first systematic overview of the epistemology of testimony, does an excellent job of introducing beginners to this rapidly growing field ... The book is a model of clarity, deftly combining an evenhanded mapping of the known territory with forays into new regions, and will be invaluable to epistemologists in both their teaching and their research. * The Philosophical Quarterly *Gelfert has left no stone in the epistemology of testimony unturned, providing an impressively comprehensive treatment of the issues in this vast area, and doing so with clarity and fair-mindedness. This is a must-read for anyone interested in social epistemology. -- Jennifer Lackey, Professor of Philosophy and Director of Graduate Studies, Northwestern University, USAAxel Gelfert has written a lucid, comprehensive, fair and balanced introduction to the epistemology of testimony, clearly useful for students and scholars alike. If you're interested in learning about how we learn from others, this is the place to start. -- Peter Graham, Professor of Philosophy, University of California, Riverside, USATable of ContentsIntroduction 1. What is Testimony? 2. The Testimonial Conundrum 3. Testimony, Perception, Memory, and Inference 4. Testimony and Evidence 5. Reductionism and Anti-Reductionism 6. Hybrid Theories of Testimony 7. Testimonial Knowledge: Transmission and Generation 8. Trust and Assurance 9. Expert Testimony 10. Pathologies of Testimony 11. Testimony and the Value of Knowledge Glossary Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisEPISTEMOLOGY This is a superb companion to Epistemology: An Anthology. It consists of sixty commentaries, one for each of the sixty entries in that anthology. Turri is an extremely lucid writer, with a wonderful knack for finding and laying out argumentative structure, and for explaining crucial concepts. His commentary will greatly aid student comprehension and enhance class discussion. Ernest Sosa, Rutgers University Turri's discussions are engaging and lucid. They are written for beginning students and will serve that purpose beautifully, but they are so well done that even veteran epistemologists will find them helpful. John Greco, Saint Louis University Epistemology: A Guide is a straightforward and accessible introduction to contemporary epistemology for those studying the topic for the first time. It introduces and explains the main arguments of the most influential publications in the field from the last 50 years. BalancingTrade Review“The author fosters an excellent bridge to the primary sources and presents the material in a way that scarcely could be made more palatable. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and above.” (Choice, 1 December 2014) Table of ContentsPreface xi Acknowledgments xiii 1 The best case for skepticism about the external world? (Stroud, “The Problem of the External World”) 1 2 Proving the external world exists (Or: Let’s all give Moore a hand!) (Moore, “Proof of an External World”) 6 3 Some ways of resisting skepticism (Moore, “Four Forms of Scepticism”) 10 4 Plausibility and possibilities (Moore, “Certainty”) 15 5 Skeptic on skeptic (Klein, “How a Pyrrhonian Skeptic Might Respond to Academic Skepticism”) 19 6 Realism in epistemology (Williams, “Epistemological Realism”) 24 7 Socratic questions and the foundation of empirical knowledge (Chisholm, “The Myth of the Given”) 31 8–9 The foundation of empirical knowledge? (Sellars, “Does Empirical Knowledge Have a Foundation?” and “Epistemic Principles”) 36 10 It’s not a given that empirical knowledge has a foundation (BonJour, “Can Empirical Knowledge Have a Foundation?”) 44 11 Interpretation, meaning and skepticism (Davidson, “A Coherence Theory of Truth and Knowledge”) 49 12 Blending foundationalism and coherentism (Haack, “A Foundherentist Theory of Epistemic Justification”) 54 13 Foundationalism, coherentism and supervenience (Sosa, “The Raft and the Pyramid”) 60 14 Infinitism (Klein, “Human Knowledge and the Infinite Regress of Reasons”) 67 15 The Gettier problem (Gettier, “Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?”) 73 16 Some principles concerning knowledge and inference (Harman, Thought, Selections) 77 17 The essence of the Gettier problem (Zagzebski, “The Inescapability of Gettier Problems”) 83 18 Knowledge is an unanalyzable mental state (Williamson, “A State of Mind”) 85 19 Closure, contrast and semi-skepticism (Dretske, “Epistemic Operators”) 92 20 Closure, contrast and anti-skepticism (Stine, “Skepticism, Relevant Alternatives, and Deductive Closure”) 99 21 Keeping close track of knowledge (Nozick, “Knowledge and Skepticism”) 103 22 Moore wins (Sosa, “How to Defeat Opposition to Moore”) 111 23 The closure principle: dangers and defense (Vogel, “Are There Counter examples to the Closure Principle?”) 116 24 Evidentialist epistemology (Feldman and Conee, “Evidentialism”) 123 25 Non-defensive epistemology (Foley, “Skepticism and Rationality”) 129 26 Reliabilism about justification (Goldman, “What Is Justified Belief?”) 135 27 Reliabilism: a level assessment (Vogel, “Reliabilism Leveled”) 141 28 Against externalism (BonJour, “Externalist Theories of Empirical Knowledge”) 146 29 Against internalism (Goldman, “Internalism Exposed”) 151 30 A skeptical take on externalism (Fumerton, “Externalism and Skepticism”) 156 31 A friendly take on internalism (Feldman and Conee, “Internalism Defended”) 159 32 Warrant (Plantinga, “Warrant: A First Approximation”) 164 33 Intellectual virtues (Zagzebski, Virtues of the Mind) 169 34 Virtue epistemology (Greco, “Virtues and Vices of Virtue Epistemology”) 172 35 Knowledge, luck and virtue (Pritchard, “Cognitive Responsibility and the Epistemic Virtues”) 176 36 Epistemic value and cognitive achievement (Sosa, “The Place of Truth in Epistemology”) 181 37 Giving up on knowledge (Kvanvig, “Why Should Inquiring Minds Want to Know?”) 187 38 Giving up on (exact) truth (Elgin, “True Enough”) 192 39 Naturalized epistemology advertised (Quine, “Epistemology Naturalized”) 196 40 Naturalized epistemology criticized (Kim, “What is ‘Naturalized Epistemology’?”) 203 41 Naturalized epistemology radicalized (Antony, “Quine as Feminist”) 207 42 A apriori justification and unrevisability (Putnam, “There is at Least One A Priori Truth”) 211 43 A priori justification and revisability (Casullo, “Revisability, Reliabilism, and A Priori Knowledge”) 215 44 Philosophical method and empirical science (Bealer, “A Priori Knowledge and the Scope of Philosophy”) 219 45 Experimental epistemology (Weinberg, Nichols and Stich, “Normativity and Epistemic Intuitions”) 226 46 Natural kinds, intuitions and method in epistemology (Kornblith, “Investigating Knowledge Itself”) 230 47 Contextualism and skeptical puzzles (DeRose, “Solving the Skeptical Problem”) 235 48 Contextualism and infallibilist intuitions (Lewis, “Elusive Knowledge”) 240 49 Contextualism and intuitional instability (Cohen, “Contextualist Solutions to Epistemological Problems”) 244 50 Knowledge and action (Stanley, “Knowledge and Practical Interests, Selections”) 247 51 Rationality and action (Fantl and McGrath, “Evidence, Pragmatics, and Justification”) 252 52 One invariantist’s scorecard (Hawthorne, “Sensitive Moderate Invariantism”) 258 53 A relativist theory of knowledge attributions (MacFarlane, “The Assessment Sensitivity of Knowledge Attributions”) 264 54 Rationality and trust (Baker, “Trust and Rationality”) 270 55 Testimony and gullibility (Fricker, “Against Gullibility”) 273 56 Some reflections on how epistemic sources work (Burge, “Content Preservation”) 277 57 Testimony and knowledge (Lackey, “Testimonial Knowledge and Transmission”) 282 58 Memory and knowledge (Huemer, “The Problem of Memory Knowledge”) 286 59 Perception and knowledge (McDowell, “Criteria, Defeasibility, and Knowledge”) 291 60 Skills and knowledge (Reynolds, “Knowing How to Believe with Justification”) 295 Index 299

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Book SynopsisAndrea Borghini is Associate Professor in Philosophy at the College of the Holy Cross, USA.Trade ReviewBorghini’s book is a stellar introduction ... It will be accessible to upper-level undergraduates, yet it is the most up-to-date guidebook around, making it worthwhile for specialists as well. * Australasian Journal of Philosophy *Borghini’s introductory textbook is a useful and thorough reading for anyone interested in the current analytic-philosophical theories of and approaches to modality ... [An] up-to-date and comprehensive survey. * Croatian Journal of Philosophy *The concept of possible world - arguably the single most useful notion of contemporary philosophy - triggers a number of epistemological, semantic, and above all metaphysical questions. This book introduces to, and discusses, all the main contemporary answers to such questions. It provides a clear survey of mainstream and widely discussed views such as ersatzism and Lewisian modal realism. But it also guides us through the most recent approaches, such as modal fictionalism, agnosticism, and new actualism. This makes of it the most up-to-date introduction to the philosophy and metaphysics of modality on the market. Highly recommended. -- Franz Berto, Structural Chair of Metaphysics, University of Amsterdam, the NetherlandsTable of ContentsIntroduction: Framing the Debate 1.The Metaphysics of Modality: a Historical Overview 2. Modal Skepticism and Modal Expressivism 3. Modalism 4.Modal Realism 5.Ersatzism 6.Modal Fictionalism and Modal Agnosticism 7.The New Modal Actualism 8. Abstract Necessities Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisIan Mueller is Emeritus Professor of Philosophy at the University of Chicago, USA.

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Table of ContentsPreface Introduction Textual Emendations TRANSLATION Notes Bibliography English-Greek Glossary Greek-English Index Index of Passages Cited Subject Index

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Book SynopsisBen Ware is a Visiting Research Fellow at the Institute of English Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London, UK.Trade ReviewGiven the fierce complexity of Wittgenstein’s thought, Ware is to be praised for the clear exposition of his philosophy and for the many helpful suggestions he proffers for how the philosopher’s ideas might be relevant to those studying modernism. * Key Words *Overall, Benjamin Ware's dialectical reading of the Tractacus is a very stimulating and successful attempt to interpret the literature. I hope to read more from him! * Wittgenstein-Studien (Bloomsbury translation) *[Ware] broadens the context of existing discussions of the early Wittgenstein's relation to modernist critiques of culture in a very helpful way ... Anyone interested in the text will benefit from engaging with this stimulating work. * British Wittgenstein Society *Ben Ware’s superb study does not only offer a lucid and original reading of Wittgenstein’s Tractatus; it also situate it with admirable skill in the context of literary modernism and in doing so casts radical new light on this notoriously difficult philosophical text. * Terry Eagleton *Ben Ware writes a refreshing, opinionated book about Tractatus, in which Ezra Pound, Ludwig Uhland, Oswald Spengler, Thomas Mann and Julien Benda get a non-obvious place in a reading of Wittgenstein. (Bloomsbury translation) * Tijdschrift voor Filosofie *Departing from Wittgenstein's claim that the Tractatus is 'strictly philosophical and at the same time literary' Ben Ware succeeds in showing not only how it works as a contribution to literary modernism but also how this is inseparable from its philosophical achievement. He restores the strangeness to a text that we thought had become familiar and places it in the company of Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Hofmannsthal and Kafka. It is sure to send readers back to the Tractatus with renewed wonder and curiosity. * Howard Caygill, Professor Of Modern European Philosophy, Kingston University, UK *Ludwig Wittgenstein notoriously wrote to Bertrand Russell that nobody would ever understand his Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus; for students of modernism and the avant-gardes this is no longer true, thanks to Ben Ware’s exciting new study. With a majestic authorial voice Ware leads his readers to appreciate Wittgenstein’s short text as a vital part of modern literary history. In a challenging reading of Kafka, Ware further shows how Wittgenstein’s book carries within itself a singular way of reading and experiencing literature, as well as oneself. There is little more one can expect from a scholar’s work. A formidable achievement. * Sascha Bru, Assistant Professor Modern Literature and Theory, University of Leuven, Belgium *Table of ContentsAcknowledgements Abbreviations Preface 1 Modernity-Modernism-Avant-Garde 2 Ethics and the Literary in Wittgenstein’s Tractatus 3 Modernity, Culture and the Question of Politics 4 The Tractatus, Modernism and the Limits of Language 5 Towards a Literary Use of Wittgenstein: The Tractatus and Kafka’s ‘Der Bau’ Notes References Index

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Book SynopsisPredrag Cicovacki is Professor of Philosophy and the O'Leary Research Fellow at the College of the Holy Cross, MA, USA. He has published over seventy-five philosophy papers published in English, Serbian, German, Russian, Chinese, and Slovenian and is the author or editor of twelve books, including The Ethics of Nonviolence (2013) and The Restoration of Albert Schweitzer's Ethical Vision (2012).Trade ReviewThe Analysis of Wonder is both an engaging and enlightening presentation of the philosophy of Nicolai Hartmann, one of the major German philosophers of the first part of the 20th Century undeservedly little known in the English-speaking world. The book’s three parts clearly present Hartmann’s ontology, theory of values (both ethical and aesthetic ones) and personality, carefully drawing the major connections among them. After a long period of disarray, Hartmann rehabilitated both ontology –his ontology comprises one of the most composite and rich theories of categories ever developed – and developed one of the first systematic theories of values – both ethical and aesthetic – showing how the latter may include and are higher than the former. Cicovacki’s book offers a well-balanced, clear introduction to these and other issues and promises to become the reference book for anyone wishing to know Hartmann’s philosophy. -- Roberto Poli, Research Professor, University of Trento, Italy, and President of the Nicolai Hartmann SocietyThis introduction to the life work of Nicolai Hartmann is, to my knowledge, the only book in English to present the entire range of Hartmann’s thought. It does so in lucid prose and with sufficient detail so that the reader new to Hartmann can take the measure of his procedure and its outcomes. Hartmann has created a method of research, a work in progress, indeed an edifice of ideas, especially in ethics and aesthetics, that cries out for development. Dr. Cicovacki's book is an important symptom of a welcome resurgence of interest in Hartmann. It will be of great use to professional philosophers who are unfamiliar with him, and to students whom it should encourage to take up the study of this great and unique philosopher. -- Eugene Kelly, Professor of Philosophy, New York Institute of Technology, USAThis is a rewarding introduction to the thought of the last great metaphysician. Cicovacki shows how Hartmann avoids the temptation to over-systematize as he provides categories adequate for informed wonderment before the full splendor of reality. -- Nalin Ranasinghe, Professor of Philosophy, Assumption College, USAIn The Analysis of Wonder, Cicovacki provides a lively, comprehensive introduction to Hartmann’s philosophy in a small package, written in a style that is not overly encumbered by scholarly jargon and technical apparatus, and balances well issues of contemporary relevance with detailed scholarship. It is not only a survey of Hartmann’s major ideas, but makes a case for reading Hartmann in light of certain of these ideas—building up to the claim that 'personality' is a synthetic category and reality which brings together Hartmann’s ontological and axiological work. It is an important contribution to a growing English-language literature on this neglected major German philosopher. -- Keith R. Peterson, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Colby College, USAA splendid introduction [to Nicolai Hartmann] for the English-speaking world. […] Cicovacki has presented us with an interesting and concise summary of Hartmann's thought in systematic presentation [… and] offers a handy and easy-to-read introduction to a difficult and original thinker. The prose is clear and lucid. For anyone wanting to rediscover a giant of the 20th century, this book is an excellent place to start. -- Sebastian Luft, Marquette University * Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews *On the whole, it is clear that Hartmann’s philosophy is dauntingly complex and idiosyncratic; nevertheless, Cicovacki elegantly captures this complexity in clear and engaging analysis. As a compelling introduction to Hartmann’s philosophy, accessible to general and specialized audiences, Cicovacki has succeeded. -- Eric Chelstrom, St. Mary’s University * The Review of Metaphysics *Table of ContentsChronological Table Introduction: Does Hartmann Matter? Part I: Being I.1 Philosophical Method I.2 Being as Being I.3 Modifications of Being I.4 Strata of Real Being I.5 Categories of Real Being I.6 Categories of Being and Categories of Cognition I.7. Ontology of Cognition I.8 Critique of Intellectualism Part II: Values II.1 Nature of Values II.2 Moral Values in General II.3 Four Fundamental Moral Values II.4 Four Forms of Love II.5 Aesthetic Object and Aesthetic Act II.6 Aesthetic Values II.7 Truth in Art II.8 Sublime II.9 Critique of Moralism Part III: Personality III.1 The Realm of Real Being and the Realm of Values III.2 Personality as a Value III.3 Pseudo, Spurious and Genuine Personality III.4 Fulfillment of Personality Conclusion: Hartmann’s New Ways of Philosophy Bibliography of Hartmann’s Works Index

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