Petroleum technology Books
PennWell Books Properties of Petroleum Fluids
Book SynopsisThe long awaited third edition of Properties of Petroleum Fluids covers all the essential components, properties, and equations for the various fluids and gases. Esteemed author William McCain, has expanded and revised his book to now include new and updated correlations and rules for preparing values of nearly all the fluid properties required by petroleum engineers. The third edition also includes new research on asphaltenes and gas hydrates and two new chapters on gas condensates and volatile oils.Table of Contents A Brief Review of Organic Chemistry Petroleum Phase Behavior The Five Reservoir Fluids Properties of Gases: Ideal Gas and Real Gas Equations of State Properties of Dry Gases Properties of Wet Gases Properties of Gas Condensates: Reservoir Fluid Studies Properties of Gas Condensates: Application of Reservoir Fluid Studies Properties of Black Oils: Definitions Properties of Black Oils: Reservoir Fluid Studies Properties of Black Oils: Application of Reservoir Fluid Studies Properties of Black Oils: Field Data for Use in Correlations Properties of Black Oils: Correlations Volatile Oils Properties of Oilfield Waters Clathrate Hydrates of Petroleum
£141.10
PennWell Books Oil & Gas Production in Nontechnical Language
Book SynopsisThis nontechnical treatment of oil and gas production is an excellent introduction for anyone from petroleum engineers and geologists new to their careers to financial, marketing, legal, and other professionals and their staffs interested in the industry. E&P service company personnel will find it particularly beneficial in understanding the roles played by their clients. Not only does it cover production fundamentals, but it backs up to give the necessary upstream background—geology, origins of oil and gas, and ownership and land rights—as well as surface operations and even production company strategy development.Key Features: A comprehensive view of the entire E&P function Geology and the origins of petroleum Reservoir characteristics and behavior Expanded coverage of drilling and hydraulic fracturing Conventional and not-so-conventional (oil sands plus shale oil and gas) producing operations Production problems and solutions The different types of companies and jobs in the oil patch and how they interact Trade ReviewI have always thought vital the need in organizations for mutual understanding among groups with different functions. The better the participants understand the professional contributions of their associates, the more likely the success of every endeavor. To that end, this book covers an overlook of the expertise needed in all phases of the upstream with a heavy emphasis on what makes producing operations tick". —Joe B. Foster, chairman, president, chief executive officer (retired) of Newfield Exploration Company, former chairman of Tenneco Oil CompanyTable of Contents How did we get here? The history of production The container: The reservoir What's in the container? The prize Yours, mine, or theirs? Ownership Getting there: Drilling What have we found? Logging and testing Getting it ready—Completions Behavior: Hydrocarbon activity in the reservoir Here it comes: Production Making it marketable: Field processing Fixing things: Remedial operations and workovers Who's involved: The players What should we do: Strategy
£999.99
PennWell Books Introduction to Well Logs & Subsurface Maps
Book SynopsisSubsurface mapping is a way to visualize and spatially characterize subsurface properties, and well logs are often the dataset used to generate and calibrate these maps. The correlation of basic geophysical logs rapidly enables oneself to begin to illustrate and understand the one-dimensional to 3D distribution of various properties. The second edition of Dr. Jonathan Evenick's book covers many types of basic well logs and subsurface maps. This book will help you quickly understand what many of these well logs are measuring and how they can be used to produce various subsurface maps. Three additional chapters and exercises have been included on spectral gamma ray logs, fault seal, geothermal energy, and source rock maps (unconventional resources). Features and Benefits: Introduction to basic well logs and subsurface maps Applied exercises at that the end of each chapter Additional topics and materials have been included (i.e., spectral gamma ray logs, unconventional resources, geothermal maps, fault seal, paleogeographic maps, and resource uncertainty). Well log and subsurface mapping exercises for use in subsurface mapping, well logging, petroleum, hydrogeology, mining, and geothermal energy courses. *Full answer key availiable by request.
£75.65
Texas Tech Press,U.S. Doodlebugs and Dowsers: A History of Unusual Ways
Book SynopsisWhat lies beneath the ground? Our poor eyesight cannot penetrate even an inch into the soil, so for centuries, fortune-seekers have tried every way imaginable to see below the surface. Whether searching for mineral veins, groundwater, or buried treasure, people have looked for ways to avoid the plodding and backbreaking process of digging. They have followed dreams, seers, dowsing rods, and advice from the spirit world. When petroleum became an item of commerce, oil-hunters took to all these methods. Many built homemade inventions called doodlebugs, which they said could detect underground oil. It took a while, but science finally came up with its own toolbox of oil-finding methods in the early twentieth century. Finding oil is still expensive and risky, however. The old ways? They are mostly gone, but a few oil-dowsers still stride across fields with rod or pendulum, and no doubt people still consult dreams and psychics. And don’t pretend that you yourself haven’t wondered if that dowser might be onto something, or if that famous psychic can really tell where there is oil, or if that inventor stumbled onto a better way to detect underground oil. Of course you have. History is written by the victors, and scientists won over the oil industry—rightly so. But their accounts give short shrift to the rich history of less traditional ways to find oil. Although ignored, the records of nonscientific methods and their contributions to the oil business are well worthy of study. Lacking in science, they are rich in humanity. Return with us now to those thrilling days of yesteryear . . . wait, scratch that . . . these things are still going on. Join us in a visit to a place where dreams, seers, and spooks are taken seriously, where forked twigs dip toward oil pools and homemade oil-finding gizmos blink or beep with the promise of riches tucked just below the surface of the known world.
£22.46
Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd The Law on Petroleum Unitization: Legislating for
Book SynopsisThis comprehensive book addresses both the principles and practicalities of petroleum unitization by mapping out the evolution of and rationale for unitization in legislation and by providing much-needed guidance on the formulation of a legislative framework for effective regulatory governance of the unitization process. Drawing on his own extensive experience of the global petroleum industry and his insights into petroleum unitization in some 90 jurisdictions worldwide, Paul F. Worthington discusses the key elements of legislation for incorporation into petroleum unitization statutes, implementing regulations and production contracts. He provides a basis for legal drafting at all levels of this tripartite legislative framework as well as guidelines for compliance with good international petroleum practice. The Law on Petroleum Unitization: Legislating for Effective Regulatory Governance will prove essential reading for legal practitioners working in government ministries with a responsibility for energy affairs as well as for energy regulators, energy companies and those legal firms who provide unitization advice. Petroleum consultancies, negotiators and energy policy advisers within professional bodies and academia will also benefit from this book's thorough and incisive treatment of the subject matter. Trade Review'Paul F. Worthington's extensive research has produced this important work about unitization. The book's greatest virtue is in pulling together the unitization rules of 90 countries, analyzing them in a methodological manner and proposing recommendations to improve this complex and relevant process. Worthington's work presents itself as an important reference for scholars, policy analysts, oil and gas lawyers, and especially regulators who are charged with drafting unitization rules.' --Luciana Braga, Université Grenoble Alpes, France'This book offers an insightful analysis of the diversity of tripartite legal frameworks (statutes, regulations, and contract provisions) used today to promote the unitization of petroleum reservoirs around the world. Written by a geoscientist with experience in many unitization negotiations, Paul F. Worthington's research finds where gaps in the legal framework, mismatched terms among the three framework levels, and overly prescriptive provisions at some levels can hinder the maximum recovery of petroleum today. He concludes by offering a useful template of key factors that ideally should be found in a country's tripartite legal regime for unitization.' --Jacqueline L. Weaver, University of Houston Law Center, US'A meticulously researched and well written volume that considers the law relating to unitization agreements in both developing and developed jurisdictions. Providing both a historical perspective of the concept of unitization as well as a consideration of contemporary unitization agreements, this book is an essential tool for anyone who works in the area of petroleum contracts and initiation. An invaluable read!' --Tina Soliman Hunter, University of Aberdeen, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Evolution of legislation relating to shared fluid resources 3. Unitization 4. Current status of unitization legislation 5. Collation of pertinent legislation 6. Analysis of selected unitization legislations 7. Detailed case histories 8. Recommendations for improved legislation for unitization 9. Implementation of recommendations Bibliography Index
£136.00
PennWell Books Reinventing the Energy Value Chain: Supply Chain
Book SynopsisAs the push for diversification of energy sources continues, this book provides a toolbox of techniques to enhance top-line as well as bottom-line results by successfully managing capital projects and operations & maintenance trade-offs across the value chain. Built on the foundations laid in Jacoby's previous books Optimal Supply Chain Management in Oil, Gas, and Power Generation and Guide to Supply Chain Management, it offers ground-breaking new ways to tap the power of supply chain management in conventional and emerging energy industries - from the small to the large project, and from solar to nuclear and everything in between. The organization of the book makes it a handy reference resource. It starts with a conceptual framework for value chain and supply chain management in the energy sector, laying out objectives, key business processes, and performance metrics that provide useful guideposts. It offers principles that should guide investments in the energy industry and explains how to organize the supply chain to maximize their results. Chapters on capital project and operations management explain tools and techniques that are relevant to energy value chains broadly speaking. Technology-specific chapters show how these concepts apply to ten energy domains: Hydrogen & Fuel Cells, Energy Storage, Wind, Solar, Biomass, Oil & Gas, Geothermal, Gas and Coal-Fired Power, Hydropower, NuclearTrade ReviewThis book is encyclopedic as well as a how-to manual, a gem for those interested in energy supply chains." —Dr. Jaydeep Balakrishnan, PhD, Associate Dean, College of Business Administration at the California State University, Sacramento, and former Professor of Operations and Supply Chain Management at the Haskayne School of Business, University of Calgary"Much of the foundational thinking on which this book is built concerns the differentiation between the value chain and the supply chain thinking and is thus suitable for those working in the supply and demand spaces and in every part of supply chain including producers, suppliers and distributors of energy." —Dr. Waddah S. Ghanem Al Hashmi, PhD, Senior Director, Emirates National Oil Company (ENOC)
£100.30
PennWell Books Gas Lift Systems Design & Optimization: A Modern
Book SynopsisGas Lift Systems Design and Optimization: A Modern Modeling Approach captures how to optimize gas lifted fields using various modeling tools and communications technologies. This book presents a holistic design that assures a comprehensive system methodology. To help achieve the goals of production optimization, this text examines certain vital concepts such as - fluid properties and inflow capacities, gas lift design options, gas lift supply and production gathering facilities as well as operation of processing equipment. Furthermore, various field management strategies are demonstrated in this solid approach, which will enable engineers to apply and achieve many key performance indicators in field operations.A technical book that covers all aspects of production optimization of gas lift systems, it details efficient and practical ways of designing and managing gas lifted network systems from a field perspective. Gas lift system optimization methods described herein establish that superior economic benefits can be achieved if each component of the whole network is reviewed and optimized, instead of optimizing the well performance alone. Additionally, the book highlights the use of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data science technologies that are available today to take asset optimization to greater heights and extend its benefits. The author brings to the table his 30+ years of leading-edge insight and practical know-how, which will equip the reader with the wisdom to embark on field gas lift system optimization using modern, pragmatic, applied, and proven methods.
£999.99
PennWell Books Control Room Operator's Handbook: At-the-ready
Book SynopsisThis work is a first-of-a-kind and is positioned to define the essential role for an operator's handbook as the ready resource for basic understanding and a by-the-side aid during almost all shift activities. It should become the benchmark standard by which all subsequent entries into this market position will be compared.The handbook serves as a grounding foundation where operator training is conducted in-house. All of the basics are here. All of the operational responsibilities and approach options are covered. The new concept of weak signals is an important addition.
£130.90
PennWell Books Process Operations: Lessons Learned in a
Book SynopsisGeared to young and seasoned professionals alike, Process Operations: Lessons Learned in a Nontechnical Language is designed to present a straightforward approach to mastering the principles and concepts all process engineers should be able to apply without the need of a computer. While simulations and models are useful for examining long-term operational issues, they cannot replace the dimension of human logic and reason required when tackling the array of complex—and sometimes life-threatening—situations that occur in process plants. Using experiences from the author's more than 57-year career in the process industry, Process Operations: Lessons Learned in Nontechnical Language provides approaches to understanding core process concepts in ways that will equip the engineer to walk out of an office into a plant and directly resolve process deficiencies via small operational changes or simple retrofits.
£79.90
PennWell Books Troubleshooting Process Operations
Book Synopsis
£999.99
PennWell Books Oil Gas Reserves
Book Synopsis
£999.99
PennWell Books Reservoir Engineering for COâ Storage
£53.10
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Oil and Gas Reservoir Prospecting and
Book SynopsisThis book discusses topical issues of detailed seismic data interpretation using high-resolution seismic (HRS) techniques, which are based on the numerical method developed by the authors for solving the inverse dynamic seismic problem (IDSP). The authors highlight the range of issues related to the development and application of HRS-Geo technologies on a variety of seismic data, and analyze a significant amount of practical material in various seismic and geological conditions. This analysis allows for the accurate estimation of geological indicators in sediments that are most important for the prediction and exploration of oil and gas deposits, including lithological composition, reservoir properties, and the nature and degree of reservoir rock saturation with fluids. The book is intended for professionals involved in seismic data processing and geological interpretation, students of geophysical and geological specialties, graduate students of these specializations.Table of ContentsChapter 1-Introduction.- Chapter 2-Seismic modeling of wave field dynamic parameters.- Chapter 3-Methods for solving inverse dynamic seismic problems.- Chapter 4-Processing and automated interpretation of well logging data.- Chapter 5-Elastic wave velocity and gradient fields for heterogeneous geological media.- Chapter 6-Determination of statistical dependencies between geological and geophysical characteristics of the real subsurface environment.- Chapter 7-Detailed interpretation of high-resolution seismic data in various seismic and geological conditions.- Chapter 8-Examples of HRS-Geo technology used in other regions.- Chapter 9-Conclusion.
£98.99
Elsevier Science Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources Handbook
Table of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction: Unconventional resources from exploration to production Chapter 2: Worldwide recoverable unconventional gas resources evaluation Chapter 3: Geochemistry applied to evaluation of unconventional resources Chapter 4: Characterization of shale by laboratory experimentations Chapter 5: Lithofacies and rock type classifications in unconventional formations Chapter 6: Resource assessment and ranking for unconventional plays Chapter 7: Finding production sweet spot in shale reservoirs by integrating seismic data and geology Chapter 8: Seismic anisotropy and fracture detections in unconventional resource plays Chapter 9: Pressure prediction in unconventional formations and impact on reservoir development Chapter 10: Geomechanics for unconventional reservoirs Chapter 11: Hydraulic fracturing in transverse isotropic media Chapter 12: Production data analysis in shale gas reservoirs Chapter 13: Transport properties in shale gas reservoirs: from nano-pores to reservoir scale Chapter 14: The challenges and recent advances in modeling transport, storage and PVT behavior in shale oil and gas reservoirs Chapter 15: Integrated reservoir modeling workflow for unconventional reservoirs Chapter 16: Integrated modeling of natural and hydraulic fracture networks Chapter 17: Microseismicity in unconventional reservoirs Chapter 18: Completion optimization in producing oil and gas from tight formations Chapter 19: Evaluating completion effectiveness and predicting well performances Chapter 20: Gas hydrate reservoir characterization and development Chapter 21: Fractured reservoirs in tight basement formations: From basin analysis to fracture modeling Chapter 22: Uncertainty analysis and pitfalls in developing unconventional reservoirs
£99.00
Taylor & Francis Ltd Soviet Oil The Move Offshore
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£128.25
Taylor & Francis Ltd Soviet Oil
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£39.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd Pressure and Temperature Well Testing
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£58.89
Taylor & Francis Ltd Mitigation of Gas Pipeline Integrity Problems
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£82.64
Taylor & Francis Ltd Rubber Structures in Oil and Gas Equipment
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£142.50
Taylor & Francis Framing Environmental Disaster
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£142.50
Cambridge University Press challengedbycarbon
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£37.04
Cambridge University Press Surfactants
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£71.65
Cambridge University Press Challenged by Carbon The Oil Industry and Climate Change
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£95.95
Cambridge University Press Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Cold Regions
a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.
£104.50
Cambridge University Press Seismic Hazard and Risk Analysis
Book SynopsisSeismic hazard and risk analyses underpin the loadings prescribed by engineering design codes, the decisions by asset owners to retrofit structures, the pricing of insurance policies, and many other activities. This is a comprehensive overview of the principles and procedures behind seismic hazard and risk analysis. It enables readers to understand best practises and future research directions. Early chapters cover the essential elements and concepts of seismic hazard and risk analysis, while later chapters shift focus to more advanced topics. Each chapter includes worked examples and problem sets for which full solutions are provided online. Appendices provide relevant background in probability and statistics. Computer codes are also available online to help replicate specific calculations and demonstrate the implementation of various methods. This is a valuable reference for upper level students and practitioners in civil engineering, and earth scientists interested in engineering seTrade Review'An enormously valuable contribution, which teachers and students of seismic hazard analysis have been crying out for. Baker, Bradley and Stafford have produced a clear and comprehensive textbook for students, practitioners and end-users that I predict will lead to a significant and lasting improvement in the state-of-practice over the coming years.' Dr Julian J Bommer, Seismic Hazard and Risk Consultant'Seismic hazard and risk analysis has become so complex as to be regarded by many as an opaque, mysterious topic only to be understood by a small group of specialists. With this book, the veil has been lifted. It should be on the shelves of all serious students, practitioners, and researchers in the areas of seismic hazard analysis, earthquake engineering, and risk analysis.' Professor Steve Kramer, University of Washington'The authors' profound knowledge and understanding of the interdisciplinary fields used in seismic hazard and risk analysis, and their own remarkable contributions to it, have yielded a comprehensive foundation for its more uniform, rigorous and advanced practice worldwide.' Dr Paul Somerville, AECOM, Los Angeles'The authors of this valuable new tome are all accomplished professors, and their experience in teaching these subjects is apparent in the structure and organization of the book—each chapter beginning with an opening statement and a list of learning objectives. Each chapter also concludes with some expertly designed exercises, which serve to illustrate the practical application of concepts presented in the chapter and to bring to life the lessons learnt through connection to the stated learning objectives … I sincerely hope that the tremendous contribution that Baker, Bradley, and Stafford have made through writing their outstanding book on Seismic Hazard and Risk Analysis will be widely disseminated and studied, because it will be a powerful device to improve the state of practice in these fields.' Julian J. Bommer, Seismological Research Letters'A very timely and important contribution to the earth science and earthquake engineering professions. Given the general applicability of many of the concepts it presents, it should be of great use to readers involved with other natural hazards as well. The book contains a tremendous wealth of information all presented and supported in a rigorous and detailed manner. Writing the first book on a particular topic requires many difficult decisions about scope, content, and organization, and the authors have succeeded admirably in simultaneously providing breadth and depth with respect to both hazards and risk.' Steven L. Kramer, Earthquake Spectra'[an] inherently readable and informative textbook on the subject. Concepts are clearly explained, and advanced mathematics is kept in the background (the appendixes pertain) so readers will not get bogged down while trying to understand the important ideas. Numerous figures and tables support the text, all expertly presented … The authors provide an accompanying website to supplement the material in the book and extend readers' learning experience. There could not be a better purchase for learning about seismic hazards and how to assess them at any price … Highly recommended.' M. S. Field, Choice ConnectTable of Contents1. Introduction; Part I: Hazard Inputs; 2. Seismic Source Characterization; 3. Characterization of Earthquake Rates and Rupture Scenarios; 4. Empirical Ground-Motion Characterization; 5. Physics-Based Ground-Motion Characterization; Part II: Hazard Calculation; 6. PSHA Calculation; 7. PSHA Products; 8. Non-Ergodic Hazard Analysis; Part III: Risk; 9. Seismic Risk; 10. Ground-Motion Selection; 11. Spatially Distributed Systems; 12. Validations; Appendix A Basics of Probability; Appendix B Basics of Statistics for Model Calibration; References; List of Symbols; Notation Conventions; Index.
£56.99
John Wiley & Sons Inc Biobased Lubricants and Greases
Book SynopsisDue to the rise in petroleum prices as well as increasing environmental concerns, there is a need to develop biochemicals and bioproducts that offer realistic alternatives to their traditional counterparts; this book will address the lack of a centralized resource of information on lubricants and greases from renewable sources, and will be useful to a wide audience in industry and academia. It is based on 20 years of research and development at the UNI-NABL Center, and discusses the various types of vegetable oils available, comparing their characteristics, properties and benefits against those of typical petroleum oils as well as discussing common evaluation tests and giving examples and case studies of successful applications of biobased lubricants and greases. Whilst scientific and engineering research data is included, the book is written in an accessible manner and is illustrated throughout. Focuses on an industrial application of lubrication technology undergoing Trade Review"All in all this book gives a very specific insight on the options and production of bio-based lubricants from a technical and chemical view, unfortunately the economic aspects are not shown." (Encyclopedia of Industrial Biotechnology, 30 August 2011) "This reference can be useful to a wide audience in industry and academia, and includes case studies on lubricants and greases from renewable sources, test results, new developments and more. " (Lubes & Greases Magazine, 2011) Table of ContentsAbout the Authors. Preface. Series Preface. Acknowledgements. Summary. Introduction. 1 Historical Development of Vegetable Oil-based Lubricants. 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Pioneering Industrial Uses of Vegetable Oils. 1.3 Petroleum. 2 Chemistry of Lubricants. 2.1 The Nature of the Carbon Atom. 2.2 Carbon and Hydrocarbons. 2.2.1 Pointers for Non-Chemists on Vegetable oil and General Chemistry. 3 Petroleum-based Lubricants. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Basic Chemistry of Crude Oils. 3.2.1 The Paraffinic Oils. 3.2.2 The Naphthenic Oils. 3.2.3 The Aromatic Oils. 4 Plant Oils. 4.1 Chemistry of Vegetable Oils Relating to Lubricants. 4.2 Triglycerides. 4.3 Properties of Vegetable Oils. 4.4 Vegetable Oil Processing. 4.4.1 Degumming. 4.4.2 Bleaching. 4.4.3 Refining. 4.4.4 Deodorizing. 4.4.5 Interesterification. 4.5 Oxidation. 4.5.1 Reducing Oxidation. 4.5.2 Hydrogenation. 4.6 Winterization. 4.7 Chemical Refining. 4.8 Conventional Crop Oils. 4.8.1 Soybean. 4.8.2 Palm Oil. 4.8.3 Rapeseed. 4.8.4 Sunflower Oil. 4.8.5 Corn. 4.8.6 Safflower. 5 Synthetic Based Lubricants: Petroleum-Derived and Vegetable Oil-Derived. 5.1 Esters. 5.2 Esters for Biofuels. 5.3 Complex Esters. 5.4 Estolides. 5.5 Other Chemical Modifications. 5.5.1 Metathesis. 5.5.2 Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Fatty Acids. 6 Genetic Modification and Industrial Crops. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Industrial Crops. 6.2.1 Camelina. 6.2.2 Babassu. 6.2.3 Cuphea. 6.2.4 Castor. 6.2.5 Rice Bran. 6.2.6 Jatropha. 6.2.7 Neem. 6.2.8 Karanja (Pongam). 6.2.9 Poppy. 6.2.10 Sesame. 6.2.11 Jojoba. 6.2.12 Coconut. 6.2.13 Lesquerella. 6.2.14 Hemp. 6.2.15 Flaxseed oil. 6.2.16 Safflower. 6.3 Future and Industrial Crops. 7 Biobased Lubricants Technology. 7.1 Determination of Oxidation Stability. 7.1.1 Active Oxygen Method (AOCS Method Cd 12-57). 7.1.2 Peroxide Value (AOCS Method 8b-90). 7.1.3 Oil Stability Instrument (AOCS Method Cd 1 2b-92). 7.1.4 Rancimat. 7.1.5 Viscosity Change as a Measure of Oxidation. 7.2 Applications. 7.3 Petroleum White Oils and Food Grade Lubricants. 8 Performance Properties of Industrial Lubricants. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Common Performance Requirements. 8.2.1 Viscosity. 8.2.2 Flash and Fire Points. 8.2.3 Boiling Range. 8.2.4 Volatility. 8.2.5 Cold Temperature Properties. 8.2.6 Density. 8.2.7 Foaming Properties. 8.2.8 Copper Strip Corrosion. 8.2.9 Copper Strip Corrosion Test. 8.2.10 Rust Prevention. 8.2.11 Test Purpose. 8.2.12 Neutralization Number. 8.2.13 Solubility. 8.2.14 Aniline Point. 8.3 Heat Transfer Properties. 8.4 Dielectric Properties. 8.5 Fluid Quality. 8.6 Fluid Compatibility. 8.7 Hydrostatic Stability. 8.8 Demulsibility. 8.9 Oxidation Stability. 8.10 Oxidation Stability for Mineral Oils. 8.10.1 Aromatic Content of Mineral Oils. 8.11 Elemental Analysis. 8.12 Cleanliness. 8.13 Storage and Shipping Temperatures. 8.14 Tribological Performance of Biobased Lubricants. 8.14.1 Four Ball Wear Test: ASTM D 4172. 8.14.2 Four Ball Extreme Pressure Test. 8.14.3 Timken O.K. Load Test – ASTM D 2509. 8.14.4 FZG Rating. 8.15 Metalworking Fluids. 8.16 Biobased Engine Oils. 8.16.1 Stationary Diesel Engines for CORS. 8.16.2 Test Results. 9 Biobased and Petroleum-Based Greases. 9.1 How to Make Soap. 9.2 Basic Process for Manufacturing Grease. 9.2.1 Simple (Soap-Based) Greases. 9.2.2 Complex (Soap–Salt) based Greases. 9.2.3 Non-Soap-Based Greases. 9.2.4 Preformed Soaps. 9.2.5 Preformed Dehydrated Soap for Biobased Greases. 9.2.6 Microparticle Dispersion of Lithium Hydroxide. 9.2.7 Polymer-thickened Greases Using Bio-based Base Oil. 9.3 Continuous Grease Manufacturing Process. 9.4 Use of High Pressure-High, Shear Reaction Chambers (Contactor). 9.5 Vegetable Oil-based Greases. 9.5.1 Alternative Heating Methods. 9.5.2 Heating Method and Impact on Oxidation Stability. 9.6 Grease Consistency. 9.7 Grease Specifications. 9.7.1 ASTM D4950 Specification. 9.7.2 Service Category "L" Chassis (and Universal Joint) Grease. 9.7.3 Service Category "G" Wheel Bearing Grease. 9.7.4 Multi-purpose Category. 9.7.5 Dropping Point. 9.7.6 Water Washout. 9.7.7 Water Spray-Off. 9.7.8 Bearing Oxidation Test. 9.7.9 Grease Cleanliness and Noise. 9.7.10 Grease Mobility Test. 9.7.11 Evaporation. 9.7.12 Oxidation Stability for Storage of Biobased Greases. 9.7.13 Oxidation Stability in Service. 9.8 Friction and Wear Tests. 9.8.1 Four-ball Wear Test and Four-ball EP. 9.9 Application Examples of Biobased Greases. 9.9.1 Rail Curve Greases. 9.9.2 Solid Lubricants. 9.9.3 Truck Greases. 10 Factors Affecting the Environment. 10.1 Biodegradable and Biobased. 10.2 REACH. 10.3 Biodegradation of Oils. 10.3.1 Biodegradability Test. 10.3.2 Electrolytic Respirometer. 10.4 Toxicity Types and Testing Methods. 10.5 Chronic Toxicity. 10.6 Terrestrial Plant Toxicity. References. List of Useful Organizations. Useful Test Methods. Glossary. Index.
£96.85
Schiffer Publishing Ltd UNAUTHORIZED GUIDE TO MOBIL COLLECTIBLES Chasing
Book Synopsis
£23.79
Petroleum Extension Service Drilling Fluids Lesson 2
Book Synopsis
£74.44
John Wiley & Sons Inc Health Safety and Environmental Management in
Book SynopsisThis bookshares the technical knowhow in the field of HSE management, as applied to oil and gas industries and explains concepts through a simple and straightforward approach. The first chapter highlights safety assurance and assessment, emphasizing need for safety.Table of ContentsPreface xiii About the author xiv Chapter 1: Safety Assurance and Assessment 1 Introduction to Safety, Health, and Environment Management 11.1 Importance of Safety 2 1.2 Basic terminologies in HSE 21.2.1 What Is Safety? 5 1.2.2 Why Is Safety Important? 5 1.3 Importance of safety in offshore and petroleum industries 5 1.4 Objectives of HSE 7 1.5 Scope of HSE guidelines 8 1.6 Need for safety 9 1.7 Organizing safety 10 1.7.1 Ekofisk B Blowout 10 1.7.2 Enchova Blowout 11 1.7.3 West Vanguard Gas Blowout 12 1.7.4 Ekofisk A riser rupture 13 1.7.5 Piper A explosion and fire 14 1.8 Risk 14 1.9 Safety assurance and assessment 15 1.10 Frank and Morgan Logical Risk analysis 16 1.11 Defeating accident process 23 1.12 Acceptable risk 24 1.13 Risk assessment 24 1.13.1 Hazard identification 25 1.13.2 Dose-response assessment 25 1.13.3 Exposure assessment 25 1.13.4 Risk characterization 25 1.14 Application issues of risk assessment 26 1.15 Hazard classification and assessment 26 1.15.1 Hazard identification 27 1.15.2 Hazard identification methods 28 1.16 Hazard identification during operation (HaZOP) 29 1.16.1 HaZOP objectives 29 1.16.2 Common application areas of HaZOP 30 1.16.3 Advantages of HaZOP 31 1.17 Steps in HaZOP 45 1.18 Backbone of HaZOP 311.18 Backbone of HAZOP 32 1.19 HaZOP flow chart 35 1.20 Full recording versus recording by exception 35 1.21 Pseudo secondary words 36 1.22 When to do HaZOP? 37 1.22.1 Types of HaZOP 38 1.23 Case study: Example problem of Group Gathering Station 38 1.24 Accidents in offshore platforms 47 1.24.1 Sliepner A Platform 47 1.24.2 Thunder Horse Platform 49 1.24.3 Timor Sea Oil Rig 50 1.24.4 Bombay High North in Offshore Mumbai 50 1.25 Hazard evaluation and control 51 1.25.1 Hazard evaluation 52 1.25.2 Hazard classification 52 1.25.3 Hazard control 53 1.25.4 Monitoring 54 Exercises 1 54Model Paper 66 Chapter 2 Environmental issues and Management 68 2.1 Primary environmental issues 68 2.1.1 Visible consequences 68 2.1.2 Trends in oil and gas resources 68 2.1.3 World’s energy resources 69 2.1.4 Anthropogenic impact of Hydrosphere 69 2.1.5 Marine pollution 70 2.1.6 Marine pollutants 73 2.1.7 Consequence of marine pollutants 73 2.2 Impact of oil and gas industries on marine environment 74 2.2.1 Drilling operations and consequences 74 2.2.2 Main constituents of oil based drilling fluid 75 2.2.3 Pollution due to produced waters during drilling 77 2.3 Drilling accidents 78 2.3.1 Underwater storage reservoirs 78 2.4 Pipelines 78 2.5 Impact on marine pollution 79 2.6 Oil hydrocarbons: Composition and Consequences 79 2.6.1 Crude oil 79 2.7 Detection of oil content in marine pollution 80 2.8 Oil spill: Physical review 80 2.8.1 Environmental impact of oil spill 80 2.9 Oil: A multi-component toxicant 81 2.9.1 Oil spill 81 2.10 Chemicals and wastes from offshore oil industry 81 2.10.1 Drilling discharges 81 2.11 Control of oil spill 82 2.12 Environmental management issues 83 2.12.1 Environmental protection: Principles applied to oil and gas activities 83 2.12.2 Environmental Management: Standards and Requirements 84 2.13 Ecological monitoring 84 2.13.1 Ecological monitoring stages 84 2.14 Atmospheric pollution 85 2.14.1 Release and dispersion models 85 2.14.2 Continuous release and instantaneous release (Plume and Puff models) 85 2.14.3 Factors affecting dispersion 86 2.15 Dispersion models for neutrally and positively buoyancy gas 89 2.15.1 Plume dispersion models 89 2.15.2 Maximum plume concentration 90 2.16 Puff dispersion model 91 2.16.1 Maximum Puff concentration 92 2.17 Isopleths 92 2.18 Estimate of dispersion coefficients 93 2.18.1 Estimates from equations 93 2.19 Dense gas dispersion 96 2.19.1 Britter-Mcquiad dense gas dispersion model 96 2.20 Evaluation of toxic effects of dispersed liquid and gas 97 2.21 Hazard Assessment and Accident Scenarios 99 2.21.1 Damage estimate modelling: Probit model 99 2.21.2 Probit correlations for various damages 102 2.22 Fire and Explosion models 102 Exercises 2 105 3. Accident Modeling, Risk assessment and Management 109 3.1 Introduction 109 3.2 Dose Versus response 109 3.2.1 Various types of doses 110 3.2.2 TLV concentration 111 3.3 Industrial Hygiene 112 3.4 Fire and explosion modelling 112 3.4.1 Fundamentals of fire and explosion 1143.4.2 Flammability Characteristics of Vapor and Gases 115 3.5 Fire and explosion characteristics of materials 115 3.6 Estimation of flammability limits using stoichiometric balance 115 3.6.1 Stoichiometric balance 116 3.6.2 Estimation of Limiting Oxygen concentration (LOC) 116 3.7 Flammability diagram for hydrocarbons 117 3.7.1 Constructing flammability diagram 117 3.8 Ignition energy 119 3.9 Explosions 120 3.10 Explosion characteristics 120 3.11 Explosion modelling 120 3.12 Damage consequences of explosion damage 121 3.13 Energy in chemical explosions 124 3.14 Explosion energy in physical explosions 124 3.15 Dust and Gaseous explosion 124 3.16 Explosion damage estimate 125 3.17 Fire and explosion preventive measures 126 3.17.1 Inerting and purging 126 3.18 Use of flammability diagram 131 3.18.1 Placing a vessel out of service 131 3.18.2 Placing a vessel into service 132 3.19 NFPA 69 recommendations 132 3.20 Explosion proof equipments 133 3.20.1 Class systems 133 3.20.2 Group systems 134 3.20.3 Division systems 134 3.21 Ventilation for storage and process areas 134 3.21.1 Storage areas 134 3.21.2 Process areas 134 3.22 Sprinkler systems 135 3.22.1 Anti-freeze sprinkler system 135 3.22.2 Deluge sprinkler system 135 3.22.3 Dry pipe sprinkler system 135 3.22.4 Wet pipe sprinkler system 135 3.23 Toxic release and dispersion modelling 136 3.23.1 Threshold limit values (TLVs ) 136 3.24 Industrial Hygiene 136 3.25 Exposure evaluation: Chemical Hazard 137 3.25.1 Time weighted average method 137 3.25.2 Overexposure at work place 138 3.25.3 TLV-TWA Mix 138 3.26 Exposure evaluation: physical hazards 138 3.27 Industrial Hygiene Control 138 3.27.1 Environmental control 139 3.27.2 Personal protection 139 3.28 Ventilation hoods to reduce hazards 139 3.29 Elements to control Process Accidents 140 3.30 Methods for chemical risk analysis 141 3.30.1 Qualitative risk analysis 141 3.30.2 Quantitative risk analysis 141 3.31 Safety review 142 3.32 Process Hazards Checklists 142 3.33 Hazard surveys 142 3.34 Emergency Response Planning Guidelines (ERPG) 142 3.35 Chemical Exposure Index 143 3.36 Guidelines for Estimating Amount of Material becoming Airborne following a Release 151 3.36.1 Example problem on Ammonia release 151 3.36.2 Example problem in chlorine release 153 3.37 Quantified Risk Assessment 154 3.38 Hazard Identification (HAZID) 154 3.39 Cause analysis 155 3.40 Fault tree analysis (FTA) 155 3.41 Event Tree Analysis (ETA) 157 3.42 Disadvantages of QRA 157 3.43 Risk Acceptance criteria 157 3.44 Hazard Assessment 159 3.45 Identify hazards 159 3.45.1 Prioritizing hazards 159 3.46 Risk Assessment 160 3.46.1 Identify and implement hazard controls 160 3.46.2 Communicate 160 3.47 Evaluate effectivenes 161 3.48 Fatality risk assessment 161 3.48.1 Statistical Analysis 161 3.48.2 Phenomena based analysis 161 3.48.3 Averaging of FAR values 162 3.49 Marine Systems Risk Modelling 162 3.49.1 Ballast system failure 162 3.50 Risk Picture: Definitions and Characteristics 162 3.51 Fatality risk 163 3.51.1 Platform fatality risk 163 3.51.2 Individual risk 163 3.52 Societal risk 164 3.53 Impairment Risk 164 3.54 Environment Risk 166 3.55 Asset Risk 166 3.56 Risk Assessment and Management 167 3.57 Probabilistic Risk Assessment 167 3.58 Risk Management 167 3.58.1 Risk Preference 168 Exercises 3 168 4. Safety measures in design and operation 177 4.1 Introduction 177 4.2 Inerting or purging 178 4.3 Terminologies 178 4.4 Factors affecting purging 180 4.5 Causes of Dilution or Mixing 180 4.5.1 Area of contact 181 4.5.2 Time of contact 181 4.5.3 Input velocities 181 4.5.4 Densities of gases 182 4.5.5 Temperature effects 182 4.6 Methods of Purging 183 4.6.1 Siphon Purging 183 4.6.2 Vacuum purging 183 4.6.3 Pressure Purging 184 4.6.4 Sweep-Through Purging 184 4.6.5 Fixed-Rate Purging 184 4.6.6 Variable-Rate or Demand Purging 185 4.7 Limits of Flammability of Gas Mixtures 185 4.8 Protection System Design and Operation 185 4.9 Explosion prevention systems 186 4.10 Safe Work Practices 186 4.10.1 Load lifting 186 4.10.2 Confined space, excavations, and hazardous environments 187 4.10.3 Lockout/Tagout 187 4.10.4 Well Pumping Units 188 4.11 Hot work permit 188 4.12 Welding Fumes and Ventilation 190 4.13 Critical equipments 190 4.13.1 Changes to critical equipment 190 4.14 Fire prevention 191 4.15 Fire protection 191 4.16 Grounding and bonding 192 4.17 Other general requirements 192 4.17.1 Performance-Based Design 192 4.17.2 Inspection of protection systems 195 4.18 Process Safety Management (PSM) at Oil and Gas Operations 196 4.18.1 Process safety information 197 4.18.2 Process safet information 197 4.19 Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) 198 4.20 safe operating procedures 199 4.21 Safe Work Practice Procedures 200 4.21.1 Training 200 4.21.2 Pre-Startup Review 200 4.22 Mechanical Integrity 201 4.23 Management of Change 201 4.24 Incident investigations 202 4.25 Compliance Audits 202 4.26 Software used in HSE management 203 4.26.1 CMO COMPLIANCE 203 4.26.2 Spiramid’s HSE Software 203 4.26.3 Integrum 204 4.26.4 Rivo HSE Management Software 204 Exercises 4 204 Application problem: Quantified Risk assessment of LPG filling station 210 References 220Index 226
£79.75
John Wiley & Sons Inc Piping Engineering
Book SynopsisEliminate or reduce unwanted emissions with the piping engineering techniques and strategies contained in this book Piping Engineering: Preventing Fugitive Emission in the Oil and Gas Industry is a practical and comprehensive examination of strategies for the reduction or avoidance of fugitive emissions in the oil and gas industry. The book covers key considerations and calculations for piping and fitting design and selection, maintenance, and troubleshooting to eliminate or reduce emissions, as well as the various components that can allow for or cause them, including piping flange joints. The author explores leak detection and repair (LDAR), a key technique for managing fugitive emissions. He also discusses piping stresses, like principal, displacement, sustained, occasional, and reaction loads, and how to calculate these loads and acceptable limits. Various devices to tighten the bolts for flanges are described, as are essential flange fabrications and installTable of ContentsAuthor Biography ix 1 An Introduction to Fugitive Emission, Piping Engineering, and LDAR 1 1.1 Introduction to Fugitive Emission 1 1.2 Introduction to Piping Engineering 5 1.3 Causes of Piping Failure and Leakage 8 1.4 Leak Detection and Repair (LDAR) 13 1.4.1 Composite Repair 14 1.4.2 Mechanical Clamp Repair 14 1.4.3 Welded Leak Box Repair 15 1.4.4 External Weld Overlay 16 1.4.5 Sleeve Repair 17 1.5 Questions and Answers 18 Further Readings 21 2 Piping Pressure Design to Prevent Leakage and Emission 23 2.1 Introduction to Piping Design 23 2.2 Piping and Pipeline Wall Thickness Calculation 23 2.2.1 Piping Wall Thickness Calculation as per ASME B31.3 23 2.2.2 Pipeline Wall Thickness Calculation 32 2.3 Pipe Fittings Wall Thickness/Pressure Rating 51 2.4 Flange Pressure Rating and Thickness Selection 59 2.5 Questions and Answers 70 Further Readings 84 3 Piping Stress Analysis to Prevent Operational Failure 87 3.1 Introduction to Piping Stress Analysis 87 3.2 Principal Piping Stresses 87 3.3 Sustained Loads 96 3.4 Occasional Loads 106 3.4.1 Earthquake and Blast Load 106 3.4.2 Wind Load 109 3.5 Displacement Stress 111 3.5.1 Stress Intensification Factor (SIF) 127 3.6 Piping Reaction Forces 133 3.6.1 Pressure Safety/Relief Valve Reaction Force 133 3.6.2 Slug Flow Reaction Force 138 3.6.3 Water Hammering Load Calculation 143 3.7 Conclusion 145 3.8 Questions and Answers 146 Further Readings 153 4 Piping Flange Joints 155 4.1 Introduction 155 4.2 Flanges 157 4.2.1 Flange Standards 157 4.2.2 Flange Types 162 4.2.3 Flange Faces 175 4.2.4 Flange Surface (Face) Finish 184 4.2.5 Flange Identification 185 4.2.6 Flange Installation 185 4.3 Gaskets 190 4.3.1 Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets 191 4.3.2 Semimetallic Gaskets 192 4.3.3 Metallic Gaskets 196 4.4 Bolting (Bolts and Nuts) 197 4.4.1 Bolt Tightening 204 4.5 Mechanical Joints (Hubs and Clamps) 210 4.6 Compact Flanges 212 4.7 Questions and Answers 216 Appendix A 220 Further Readings 223 5 Piping Flange Joint Calculations 227 5.1 Introduction 227 5.2 Bolt Length Determination and Calculation 228 5.2.1 Long Bolt Length Calculation for Wafer Body Valves 236 5.2.2 Long Bolt Length Calculation for Flanges with Line Blanks 239 5.3 Flange Leakage Analysis 245 5.3.1 Bolting Characteristics 247 5.3.2 Gasket Behavior 253 5.3.3 Combination of Bolt Loads and Gasket Reaction 254 5.3.4 Flange Loading 262 5.3.5 Pressure Equivalent Method 269 5.4 Questions and Answers 270 Appendix A 275 Further Readings 277 6 Piping Material Selection and Corrosion Prevention 279 6.1 Introduction 279 6.2 Onshore Pipeline 281 6.2.1 Onshore Pipeline Material Selection 281 6.2.2 External Corrosion 282 6.2.3 Pipeline External Corrosion Protection 284 6.2.4 Pipeline Internal Corrosion Types and Mitigation 287 6.3 Onshore Piping 301 6.3.1 Onshore Piping Material Selection 301 6.3.2 Onshore Piping Corrosion Types 315 6.4 Offshore Piping 317 6.4.1 Offshore Piping Material Selection 317 6.4.2 Offshore Piping Corrosion Study 320 6.5 Questions and Answers 322 Further Readings 327 7 Piping Component Selection and Identification 329 7.1 Introduction and Overview 329 7.2 Pipe 329 7.3 Pipe Fittings 331 7.3.1 Fittings for Piping Route Change 331 7.3.2 Fittings for Pipe Size Change 336 7.3.3 Fittings for Branching 341 7.3.4 Fittings for Pipe Termination or Blinding 352 7.4 Questions and Answers 356 Further Readings 361 8 Piping Fabrication, Inspection, and Testing 363 8.1 Introduction and Overview 363 8.2 Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection 363 8.2.1 Welding 367 8.3 Inspection 378 8.3.1 Introduction 378 8.3.2 Welding Inspection 379 8.4 Piping Pressure Test 385 8.4.1 Test Media 386 8.4.2 Test Preparation 387 8.4.3 Test Implementation 387 8.5 Questions and Answers 389 Further Readings 393 Index 395
£133.00
