Particle and high-energy physics Books

Book SynopsisAn introduction to the world of quarks and leptons, and of their interactions governed by fundamental symmetries of nature, as well as an introduction to the connection that exists between worlds of the infinitesimally small and the infinitely large.The book begins with a simple presentation of the theoretical framework, the so-called Standard Model, which evolved gradually since the 1960s. The key experiments establishing it as the theory of elementary particle physics, but also its missing pieces and conceptual weaknesses are introduced. The book proceeds with the extraordinary story of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN — the largest purely scientific project ever realized. Conception, design and construction by worldwide collaborations of the detectors of size and complexity without precedent in scientific history are discussed. The book then offers the reader a state-of-the art (2020) appreciation of the depth and breadth of the physics exploration performed by the LHC experiments: the study of new forms of matter, the understanding of symmetry-breaking phenomena at the fundamental level, the exciting searches for new physics such as dark matter, additional space dimensions, new symmetries, and more. The adventure of the LHC culminated in the discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012 (Nobel Prize in Physics in 2013). The last chapter of this book describes the plans for the LHC during the next 15 years of exploitation and improvement, and the possible evolution of the field and future collider projects under consideration.The authors are researchers from CERN, CEA and CNRS (France), and deeply engaged in the LHC program: D Denegri in the CMS experiment, C Guyot, A Hoecker and L Roos in the ATLAS experiment. Some of them are involved since the inception of the project. They give a lively and accessible inside view of this amazing scientific and human adventure.

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Book Synopsis'The computer simulations can readily illustrate the physical ideas inside the equations and leave the reader immediately able to perform new simulations. The book is aimed at a new student of accelerator physics, and would be suitable for both undergraduate and postgraduate study. The book would also be interesting for a professional looking to use Matlab in their work … The text is nicely written and easy to follow … This book is ideally suited to a student new to the field who would like to quickly get up to speed with making real numerical simulations.'Contemporary PhysicsThis book explores a first introduction to particle beams and accelerators. The text uses the suite of tools made available in the MATLAB package. Since many colleges have a site wide license, these tools are often freely available to students. A brief introduction to those tools is made initially. Analogues in classical optics are introduced where useful. The text is compact and focuses on graphical data display and dynamical 'movies' as an aid to understanding specific systems. Hands on dialogue using command line inputs, 'apps', and 'live' tools are stressed. The extensive algebraic steps are subsumed into the associated scripts, where the symbolic math utilities spare the reader from the math manipulations. Both beams and periodic structures are covered. Dispersion, insertions, acceleration and light sources are discussed.

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Book SynopsisThis book is written by the ATLAS Collaboration at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC), to document and reflect on its more than 25 years of history. It covers all aspects of this global science project at the forefront of particle physics. The historical part recalls first the early stages of discussions in the community leading to the formation of the collaboration in 1992. In a unique approach, the second part documents the evolution from early detector concepts to the final instrument, covering the technical, financial and human aspects. This includes the phases of construction of detector components in the various institutes around the world as well as their installation and commissioning in the underground cavern at CERN.An important part is devoted to the operation of the whole experiment. The book highlights the capabilities and physics accomplishments so far, including the Higgs boson discovery (jointly announced with CMS). It features the various aspects of a broad spectrum of activities needed to arrive at the physics results. The book includes also an outlook to the detector upgrade activities preparing the experiment for the high-luminosity LHC phase of the next decades. Last but not least, it reveals the human aspects of the large ATLAS community working together pursuing common physics goals.The book is aimed at a broad readership with interest in large science projects and their history, as well as in the human endeavour of a worldwide collaboration.

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Book SynopsisResearch and development of high energy accelerators began in 1911. Since then, progresses achieved are:The impacts of the accelerator development are evidenced by the many ground-breaking discoveries in particle and nuclear physics, atomic and molecular physics, condensed matter physics, biology, biomedical physics, nuclear medicine, medical therapy, and industrial processing. This book is intended to be used as a graduate or senior undergraduate textbook in accelerator physics and science. It can be used as preparatory course material in graduate accelerator physics thesis research. The text covers historical accelerator development, transverse betatron motion, synchrotron motion, an introduction to linear accelerators, and synchrotron radiation phenomena in low emittance electron storage rings, introduction to special topics such as the free electron laser and the beam-beam interaction. Hamiltonian dynamics is used to understand beam manipulation, instability and nonlinearity. Each section is followed by exercises, which are designed to reinforce the concept discussed and to solve a realistic accelerator design problem.

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Book SynopsisResearch and development of high energy accelerators began in 1911. Since then, progresses achieved are:The impacts of the accelerator development are evidenced by the many ground-breaking discoveries in particle and nuclear physics, atomic and molecular physics, condensed matter physics, biology, biomedical physics, nuclear medicine, medical therapy, and industrial processing. This book is intended to be used as a graduate or senior undergraduate textbook in accelerator physics and science. It can be used as preparatory course material in graduate accelerator physics thesis research. The text covers historical accelerator development, transverse betatron motion, synchrotron motion, an introduction to linear accelerators, and synchrotron radiation phenomena in low emittance electron storage rings, introduction to special topics such as the free electron laser and the beam-beam interaction. Hamiltonian dynamics is used to understand beam manipulation, instability and nonlinearity. Each section is followed by exercises, which are designed to reinforce the concept discussed and to solve a realistic accelerator design problem.

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Book SynopsisIons are atoms or molecules stripped of their electrons, so they can be accelerated by electric fields. They can be made to hit each other with low energy, intermediate energy, high energy, or very high energy; each energy range seeks to investigate different aspects of hadronic physics. Intermediate-energy heavy ion collisions explore the nuclei far from stability valley, the incompressibility of nuclear matter, the liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear environment, the symmetry energy far from the normal density, and other phenomena. This has been an active field of research for last four decades.This is a book for entrants in the field. It is suitable as a companion book in a graduate course. For practitioners in the field it will be useful as a reference.

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Book SynopsisThis book of proceedings is an up-to-date review of the advances made in the past two decades on the production, control and exploitation of bright electron and light beams for science — in particular, innovative manipulation and control, in linear and circular accelerators, of high brightness charged particle beams. In the conceptual, theoretical and experimental framework of nonlinear beam dynamics and collective cooperative effects, the book provides an update of the state-of-the-art theoretical formulations, techniques and technologies, innovative concepts and scientific results obtained at existing accelerator facilities. Challenges and solutions, proposed or implemented, for the operation of third and fourth generation storage rings as synchrotron radiation sources and circular colliders for high energy particle physics, as well as radiofrequency linear accelerators for Compton/Thomson scattering-based light sources and free electron lasers, are reviewed and discussed. The complementarity between single-pass and recirculating light sources in energy, timing and spectral operational modes also emerges.

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Book SynopsisMurray Gell-Mann is one of the leading physicists of the world. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1969 for his work on the classification and symmetries of elementary particles, including the approximate SU(3) symmetry of hadrons. His list of publications is impressive; a number of his papers have become landmarks in physics. In 1953, Gell-Mann introduced the strangeness quantum number, conserved by the strong and electromagnetic interactions but not by the weak interaction. In 1954 he and F E Low proposed what was later called the renormalization group. In 1958 he and R P Feynman wrote an important article on the V-A theory of the weak interaction. In 1961 and 1962 he described his ideas about the SU(3) symmetry of hadrons and its violation, leading to the prediction of the Ω- particle. In 1964 he proposed the quark picture of hadrons. In 1971 he and H Fritzsch proposed the exactly conserved “color” quantum number and in 1972 they discussed what they later called quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the gauge theory of color. These major publications and many others are collected in this volume, providing physicists with easy access to much of Gell-Mann's work. Some of the articles are concerned with his recollections of the history of elementary particle physics in the third quarter of the twentieth century.Table of ContentsStrangeness; Renormalization Group; Weak Interactions; SU(3) - Symmetry; Current Algebra; Quarks; SU(6) - Symmetry; Light Cone Algebra; Color; Gluons; QCD; See-Saw Mechanism; Complexity.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a unique summary of the results of a long research project undertaken by the authors on discreteness in modern physics. In contrast with the usual expectation that discreteness is the result of mathematical tools for insertion into a continuous theory, this more basic treatment builds up the world from the discrimination of discrete entities. This gives an algebraic structure in which certain fixed numbers arise. As such, one agrees with the measured value of the fine-structure constant to one part in 10,000,000 (107).Table of ContentsCombinatorial Space; The Story of the Particle Concept; Dimensionality; The Simple Bit-String Picture; The Fine Structure Constant Calculated; Process and Interaction; Pre-Space, High Energy Particles: Nonlocality; Space: Relativity and Classical Space; Perception: Current Quantum Physics - The State-Observer Philosophy; Just Six Numbers; Quantum or Gravity?.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a self-contained description of the measurements of the magnetic dipole moments of the electron and muon, along with a discussion of the measurements of the fine structure constant, and the theory associated with magnetic and electric dipole moments. Also included are the searches for a permanent electric dipole moment of the electron, muon, neutron and atomic nuclei. The related topic of the transition moment for lepton flavor violating processes, such as neutrinoless muon or tauon decays, and the search for such processes are included as well. The papers, written by many of the leading authors in this field, cover both the experimental and theoretical aspects of these topics.Table of ContentsHistorical Introduction to Electric and Magnetic Moments (B L Roberts); Theory of Lepton Dipole Moments and Lepton Flavor Violation (A Czarnecki & W Marciano); In Search of the Breakdown of QED - Study of Lepton g2 from 1947 to Present (T Kinoshita); General Prescriptions for One-loop Contributions to ae, (K Lynch); Analytic QED Calculations of the Anomalous Magnetic Moment of the Electron (S Laporta & E Remiddi); The Strong Interaction contribution to ae, (M Davier); The Electron g-Value (G Gabrielse); The Measurements of the Muon (g2)-Value (J P Miller et al.); Measurements of the Fine-Structure Constant (G Gabrielse); Helium Fine Structure Theory for the Determination of  (K Pachucki & J Sapirstein); Electric Dipole Moments and the Strong CP Problem (M Pospelov & A Ritz); Searches for an Electron EDM (E Commins & D DeMille); The Neutron Electric Dipole Moment: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow (S Lamoreaux & R Golub); Searches for Nuclear EDMs (W C Griffith et al.); Search for a Permanent EDM Using Storage Rings (J P Miller et al.); Experimental Searches for Charged Lepton Flavor Violation (Y Kuno); Models of Lepton Flavor Violation (Y Okada).

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Book SynopsisThis memorial volume on the work of Wolfgang Kummer brings together articles devoted to the history of high energy physics with detailed coverage on the scientific concepts and scientific institutions, in particular CERN — and the underlying physics involved. Covering recent advances and developments as well as giving a reminiscent overview in two rapidly evolving fields of high energy/particle physics, and gravitational physics, the commemorative volume contains more than 20 original invited paper contributions — which will appear for the first time in print — from eminent and renowned physicists who interacted and collaborated with Wolfgang Kummer, including Physics Nobel Laureate Jack Steinberger.Wolfgang Kummer was president of the CERN council from 1985 to 1987, among his numerous eminent academic and administrative positions which he held during his illustrious career. This volume also aims to demonstrate and highlight Wolfgang Kummer's significant contribution to the foundational work in gauge field theory, particle physics, and quantum gravity, and the tremendous impact leading to cutting-edge findings and advances at LHC.Table of ContentsGauge Field Theory and Particle Physics: Distended Topologically Massive Electrodynamics (S Deser); Dynamical Spin (P G O Freund); Quantum Corrections to Solitons and BPS Saturation (P van Nieuwenhuizen et al.); Classical and Quantum Gravity: Canonical Analysis of Cosmological Topologically Massive Gravity at the Chiral Point (R Jackiw et al.); Order and Chaos in Two Dimensional Gravity (R Mann); When Time Emerges (W Thirring et al.); Wolfgang Kummer and the Physics Community: Wolfgang Kummer and the Little Lost Lane Boy (K Lane); Wolfgang Kummer at CERN (H Schopper); Mitigation of Fossil Fuel Consumption and Global Warming (J Steinberger); and other papers.

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Book SynopsisToo often descriptions of detectors focus on the 'what' and not the 'why'. This volume aims to elucidate how the requirements of the physics at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) define the detector environment. In turn, the detector choices are made to adopt to that environment. The goal of LHC physics is to explore the mechanism for electroweak symmetry breaking. Because of the minuscule cross-sections which need to be explored, 0.1 fb, the LHC needs to provide 100 fb-1/yr, or an instantaneous luminosity of 1034 / (cm2 sec). With a bunch crossing interval of 25 nsec, well matched to detector speeds, there will be 25 events occupying each bunch crossing.Thus the physics requires fast, finely segmented, low noise and radiation resistant detectors which provide redundant measurements of the rarely produced electrons and muons. To achieve those goals, new ground was broken in constructing the A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS (ATLAS) and Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detectors in the vertex detectors, tracking systems, calorimetry, strong magnets, muon systems, front end electronics, trigger systems, and in the data acquisition methods used.Table of ContentsIntroduction: How Physics Needs Define the LHC Environment (D Green); The ATLAS Pixel Detector - Technical Challenges at Small Radius (K Einsweiler); The CMS Pixel Detector (W Erdmann); The Hybrid Tracking System of ATLAS (L Rossi); The Silicon Strip CMS Tracker - Micro Technology at the Macro Scale (M Mannelli); The ATLAS Electromagnetic Calorimeters - Features and Performance (L Mandelli); The CMS ECAL - Particularly Crystals and Photosensors (P Bloch); TileCal - The Hadronic Section of the ATLAS Calorimeter (R Stanek); Readout Innovations for the CMS HCAL (J Freeman); ATLAS Superconducting Toroids, the Largest Toroids Ever Built (H H J ten Kate); Constructing a 4T Solenoid at the Limit of the Possible (A Herve); The ATLAS Muon Spectrometer (G Mikenberg); The CMS Muon Detector - From Early Thoughts to the Final Design (F Gasparini); ATLAS Electronics - Challenges and Achievements (P Farthouat); Innovations in the CMS Tracker and ECAL Electronics (G Hall); The Why and How of the ATLAS Data Acquisition System (L Mapelli); Removing the Haystack - The CMS Trigger and Data Acquisition Systems (V O'Dell).

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Book SynopsisTransversity 2008, the second workshop on “Transverse polarization phenomena in hard processes” follows the first one held in Como after three years. As in that case, the event comes at the end of a two-years project financed by the Italian Ministry of Education.In the time between the two Workshops, decisive steps towards the revealing of the transverse spin structure of the proton were taken on both the theoretical and experimental sides.The milestone of the first extraction of Transversity and the Sivers function for the u- and d-quarks deserves a special mention. In the same period, historic experiments that in the last decade contributed to the first pioneering measurements in the SIDIS sector, have concluded their data taking, and their place is being taken by upgrades of existing or new facilities. These are the result of the new interesting phenomena which are appearing and call for additional experimental information and novel experimental techniques.Over 80 physicists took part in the Workshop. Equally involved were experimentalists and theoreticians engaged in investigating the nature of transverse spin. The heterogeneous public favoured vivid discussions and fruitful exchange of up-to-date theoretical and experimental ideas on this constantly evolving subject.Table of ContentsTransversity Asymmetries (D Boer); Review of SSA Results on Deuteron at COMPASS (A Richter); Spin-Orbit Correlations (M Burkardt); Transversity via Exclusive Pion Electroproduction (G R Goldstein et al.); Sivers Function in Constituent Quark Models (S Scopetta et al.); TMDs and Drell-Yan Experiments at Fermilab and J-PARC (J C Peng); Transverse Momentum-Spin Correlations (L P Gamberg et al.); Exploring Confinement with Spin (J P Ralston); and other papers.

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Book SynopsisThis volume covers recent developments in the major areas of theoretical physics. The scope of the book ranges from small length scale (High Energy Physics, Neutrinos …) through medium scale (Nuclear Physics) to large length scale (Condensed Matter Physics) up to classical and quantum Black Hole Physics. It also deals with topics in nonlinear physics, econophysics, new ideas in quantum mechanics, quantum information and quantum computation.Table of ContentsRelativity, Gravitation and Astro-Particle Physics; High Energy Physics, Nuclear Physics and Quantum Mechanics; Condensed Matter Phenomena; Nonlinear Dynamics; Quantum Information.

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Book SynopsisWhenever systems are governed by continuous chains of causes and effects, their behavior exhibits the consequences of dynamical symmetries, many of them far from obvious. Dynamical Symmetry introduces the reader to Sophus Lie's discoveries of the connections between differential equations and continuous groups that underlie this observation. It develops and applies the mathematical relations between dynamics and geometry that result. Systematic methods for uncovering dynamical symmetries are described, and put to use. Much material in the book is new and some has only recently appeared in research journals.Though Lie groups play a key role in elementary particle physics, their connection with differential equations is more often exploited in applied mathematics and engineering. Dynamical Symmetry bridges this gap in a novel manner designed to help readers establish new connections in their own areas of interest. Emphasis is placed on applications to physics and chemistry. Applications to many of the other sciences illustrate both general principles and the ubiquitousness of dynamical symmetries.Table of ContentsPhysical Symmetry and Geometrical Symmetry; On Symmetries Associated With Hamiltonian Dynamics; One-Parameter Transformation Groups; Everywhere Local Invariance; Lie Transformation Groups and Lie Algebras; Dynamical Symmetry in Hamiltonian Mechanics. Symmetry in Phase Space; Symmetries of Classical Kepler Motion; Dynamical Symmetry in Schrodinger Quantum Mechanics; Spectrum Generating Groups; Dynamical Symmetry of Regularized Hydrogen-Like Atoms; Approximate Atomic and Molecular Calculations; Rovibronic Systems; Symmetry of Maxwell's Equations.

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Book SynopsisThis is a review volume containing articles written by experts on current theoretical topics in the subject of Quark-Gluon Plasma created in heavy-ion collisions at high energy. It is the fourth volume in the series with the same title sequenced numerically. The articles are written in a pedagogical style so that they can be helpful to a wide range of researchers from graduate students to mature physicists who have not worked previously on the subject. A reader should be able to learn from the reviews without having extensive knowledge of the background literature.Table of ContentsEnergy Loss in a Strongly Coupled Thermal Medium and the Gauge-String Duality (S S Gubser et al.); Quarkonium at Finite Temperature (A Bazavov et al.); Heavy Quarks in the Quark-Gluon Plasma (R Rapp & H van Hees); Viscous Hydrodynamics and the Quark Gluon Plasma (D A Teaney); Hadron Correlations in Jets and Ridges Through Parton Recombination (R C Hwa); Elliptic Flow: A Study of Space-Momentum Correlations in Relativistic Nuclear Collisions (P Sorensen); Predictions for the Heavy-Ion Program at the Large Hadron Collider (N Armesto).

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Book SynopsisSupersymmetry is a symmetry which combines bosons and fermions in the same multiplet of a larger group which unites the transformations of this symmetry with that of spacetime. Thus every bosonic particle must have a fermionic partner and vice versa. Since this is not what is observed, this symmetry with inherent theoretical advantages must be badly broken. It is hoped that the envisaged collider experiments at CERN will permit a first experimental test, which is expected to revive the interest in supersymmetry considerably.This revised edition of the highly successful text of 20 years ago provides an introduction to supersymmetry, and thus begins with a substantial chapter on spacetime symmetries and spinors. Following this, graded algebras are introduced, and thereafter the supersymmetric extension of the spacetime Poincaré algebra and its representations. The Wess-Zumino model, superfields, supersymmetric Lagrangians, and supersymmetric gauge theories are treated in detail in subsequent chapters. Finally the breaking of supersymmetry is addressed meticulously. All calculations are presented in detail so that the reader can follow every step.Table of ContentsLorentz and Poincare Group; No-go Theorems and Graded Lie Algebras; The Supersymmetric Extension of the Poincare Algebra; Representations of the Super-Poincare Algebra; The Wess-Zumino Model; Superspace Formalism and Superfields; Constraint Superfields and Supermultiplets; Supersymmetric Lagrangians; Spontaneous Breaking of Supersymmetry; Supersymmetric Gauge Theories.

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Book SynopsisDark matter and dark energy are one of the central mysteries in modern physics, although modern astrophysical and cosmological observations and particle physics experiments can and will provide vital clues in uncovering its true nature. The DARK 2009 Conference brought together World's leading researchers in both astrophysics and particle physics, providing an opportunity and platform to present their latest results to the community. The topics covered are wide-ranging, from terrestrial underground experiments to space experimental efforts to search for dark matter, and on the theoretical aspects, from the generating of a fifth family as origin of dark matter, extra dimensions and dark matter to non-standard Wigner classes and dark matter. One of the new highlights was certainly a possible connection between a neutrino mass as observed by nuclear double beta decay and the dark energy. Highly important and relevant in its field, the book presents a vital snapshot of the sometimes seemingly disparate areas of dark matter research and offers an exciting overview of current ideas and future directions.Table of ContentsDirect Search for Cold Dark Matter I; SUSY/SUGRA Phenomenology in Dark Matter, LHC Perspectives, Extra Dimensions and Dark Matter/Dark Energy; Hot Dark Matter, Neutrino Mass and Dark Energy; Cosmic Ray Positron Excess; X-Rays and Dark Matter, GeV Gamma Rays; Dark Energy, Dark Matter and Dark Radiation; Dark Mass at the Center of the Galaxy; Dark and Baryonic Matter in Galaxies; Fifth Family, Dark Energy Perturbations and Dark Matter; Gravitation, Dark Energy, Dark Matter; Dark Matter and Non-Standard Wigner Classes; Indirect Search for Dark Matter; Direct Search for Cold Dark Matter II; Exotics;

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Book SynopsisThis manual provides solutions to the problems given in the second edition of the textbook entitled An Introduction to the Physics of Particle Accelerators. Simple-to-solve problems play a useful role as a first check of the student's level of knowledge whereas difficult problems will test the student's capacity of finding the bearing of the problems in an interdisciplinary environment. The solutions to several problems will require strong engagement of the student, not only in accelerator physics but also in more general physical subjects, such as the profound approach to classical mechanics (discussed in Chapter 3) and the subtleties of spin dynamics (Chapter 13).Table of ContentsEquations of Motion for Weak Focusing; Mechanics of Trajectories; Optical Elements with Static Magnetic Fields; Strong Focusing; Lattice Exercises; Synchrotron Oscillations; Synchrotron Radiation; RF Linear Accelerators; Resonances; How to Baffle Liouville; Spin Dynamics; Topics in Instrumentation and Beam Measurements.

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Book SynopsisToo often descriptions of detectors focus on the 'what' and not the 'why'. This volume aims to elucidate how the requirements of the physics at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) define the detector environment. In turn, the detector choices are made to adopt to that environment. The goal of LHC physics is to explore the mechanism for electroweak symmetry breaking. Because of the minuscule cross-sections which need to be explored, 0.1 fb, the LHC needs to provide 100 fb-1/yr, or an instantaneous luminosity of 1034 / (cm2 sec). With a bunch crossing interval of 25 nsec, well matched to detector speeds, there will be 25 events occupying each bunch crossing.Thus the physics requires fast, finely segmented, low noise and radiation resistant detectors which provide redundant measurements of the rarely produced electrons and muons. To achieve those goals, new ground was broken in constructing the A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS (ATLAS) and Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detectors in the vertex detectors, tracking systems, calorimetry, strong magnets, muon systems, front end electronics, trigger systems, and in the data acquisition methods used.Table of ContentsHow Physics Needs Define the LHC Environment (D Green); The CMS Pixel Detector (W Erdmann); The Hybrid Tracking System of ATLAS (L Rossi); The All-Silicon Strip CMS Tracker: Microtechnology at the Macroscale (M Mannelli); The ATLAS Electromagnetic Calorimeters: Features and Performance (L Mandelli); The CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter: Crystals and APD Productions (P Bloch); ATLAS Electronics: An Overview (P Farthouat); Innovations in the CMS Tracker Electronics (G Hall); TILECAL: The Hadronic Section of the Central ATLAS Calorimeter (K Anderson et al.); Innovations for the CMS HCAL (J Freeman); ATLAS Superconducting Toroids - The Largest Ever Built (H H J ten Kate); Constructing a 4-Tesla Large Thin Solenoid at the Limit of What Can Be Safely Operated (A Herve); The ATLAS Muon Spectrometer (G Mickenberg); The CMS Muon Detector: From the First Thoughts to the Final Design (F Gasparini); The Why and How of the ATLAS Data Acquisition System (L Mapelli & G Mornacchi); Removing the Haystack: The CMS Trigger and Data Acquisition Systems (V O'Dell ).

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Book SynopsisSupersymmetry is at an exciting stage of development. It extends the Standard Model of particle physics into a more powerful theory that both explains more and allows more questions to be addressed. Most importantly, it opens a window for studying and testing fundamental theories at the Planck scale. Experimentally we are finally entering the intensity and energy and sensitivity regions where superpartners and supersymmetric dark matter candidates are likely to be detected, and then studied. There has been progress in understanding the remarkable physics implications of supersymmetry, including the derivation of the Higgs mechanism, the unification of the Standard Model forces, cosmological connections such as a candidate for the cold dark matter of the universe and consequences for understanding the cosmological history of the universe, and more.This volume begins with an excellent pedagogical introduction to the physics and methods and formalism of supersymmetry which is accessible to anyone with a basic knowledge of the Standard Model of particle physics. Next is an overview of open questions, followed by chapters on topics such as how to detect superpartners and tools for studying them, the current limits on superpartner masses as we enter the LHC era, the lightest superpartner as a dark matter candidate in thermal and non-thermal cosmological histories, and associated Z' physics. Most chapters have been extended and updated from the earlier edition and some are new.This superb book will allow interested physicists to understand the coming experimental and theoretical progress in supersymmetry and the implications of discoveries of superpartners, and will also help students and workers to quickly learn new aspects of supersymmetry they want to pursue.Table of ContentsA Supersymmetry Primer (S P Martin); Twenty Open Questions in Supersymmetric Particle Physics (K R Dienes & C Kolda); Supergravity Unified Models (R Arnowitt & P Nath); Soft Supersymmetry-Breaking Terms from Supergravity and Superstring Models (A Brignole et al.); Mass Density of Neutralino Dark Matter (J D Wells); A Wino-Like LSP World: Theoretical and Phenomenological Motivations (D Feldman & G Kane); Reevaluating the Cosmological Origin of Dark Matter (S Watson); Z' Physics and Supersymmetry (M Cvetic & P Langacker); Searches for Supersymmetry at High-Energy Colliders (J Feng et al.); Low-Energy Supersymmetry at Future Colliders (J F Gunion & H E Haber); Computational Tools for Supersymmetric Calculations (H Baer); Charge and Color Breaking (J A Casas); Regularisation of Supersymmetric Theories (I Jack & D R T Jones); Supersymmetric Loop Effects (P H Chankowski & S Pokorski); Gauge-Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking (G F Giudice & R Rattazzi); Probing Physics at Short Distances with Supersymmetry (H Murayama); Supersymmetry and String Theory (M Dine); Supersymmetry and Inflation (L Randall);

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Book SynopsisSupersymmetry is at an exciting stage of development. It extends the Standard Model of particle physics into a more powerful theory that both explains more and allows more questions to be addressed. Most importantly, it opens a window for studying and testing fundamental theories at the Planck scale. Experimentally we are finally entering the intensity and energy and sensitivity regions where superpartners and supersymmetric dark matter candidates are likely to be detected, and then studied. There has been progress in understanding the remarkable physics implications of supersymmetry, including the derivation of the Higgs mechanism, the unification of the Standard Model forces, cosmological connections such as a candidate for the cold dark matter of the universe and consequences for understanding the cosmological history of the universe, and more.This volume begins with an excellent pedagogical introduction to the physics and methods and formalism of supersymmetry which is accessible to anyone with a basic knowledge of the Standard Model of particle physics. Next is an overview of open questions, followed by chapters on topics such as how to detect superpartners and tools for studying them, the current limits on superpartner masses as we enter the LHC era, the lightest superpartner as a dark matter candidate in thermal and non-thermal cosmological histories, and associated Z' physics. Most chapters have been extended and updated from the earlier edition and some are new.This superb book will allow interested physicists to understand the coming experimental and theoretical progress in supersymmetry and the implications of discoveries of superpartners, and will also help students and workers to quickly learn new aspects of supersymmetry they want to pursue.Table of ContentsA Supersymmetry Primer (S P Martin); Twenty Open Questions in Supersymmetric Particle Physics (K R Dienes & C Kolda); Supergravity Unified Models (R Arnowitt & P Nath); Soft Supersymmetry-Breaking Terms from Supergravity and Superstring Models (A Brignole et al.); Mass Density of Neutralino Dark Matter (J D Wells); A Wino-Like LSP World: Theoretical and Phenomenological Motivations (D Feldman & G Kane); Reevaluating the Cosmological Origin of Dark Matter (S Watson); Z' Physics and Supersymmetry (M Cvetic & P Langacker); Searches for Supersymmetry at High-Energy Colliders (J Feng et al.); Low-Energy Supersymmetry at Future Colliders (J F Gunion & H E Haber); Computational Tools for Supersymmetric Calculations (H Baer); Charge and Color Breaking (J A Casas); Regularisation of Supersymmetric Theories (I Jack & D R T Jones); Supersymmetric Loop Effects (P H Chankowski & S Pokorski); Gauge-Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking (G F Giudice & R Rattazzi); Probing Physics at Short Distances with Supersymmetry (H Murayama); Supersymmetry and String Theory (M Dine); Supersymmetry and Inflation (L Randall);

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Book SynopsisThis volume captures the contents of the talks given at the Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators held at Fermilab Oct 19-21, 2009. This workshop brought together experts from a variety of disciplines to explore new and profound ways proton accelerators can be used in the future. The workshop explored uses of such a proton source for producing intense muon, kaon and neutrino beams as well as using the intense protons for new forms of nuclear reactors that go by the name Accelerator Driven Sub-critical systems that promise to increase our available nuclear fuel supply by orders of magnitude while at the same time solving the nuclear waste problem. Intense proton beams can also be used to produce short-lived nuclear isotopes that are important in the medical industry.Table of ContentsRare Muon Decay Experiments (Y Kuno); ADS and Its Potential (J-P Revol); Kaon Yields for 2 to 8 GeV Proton Beams (K K Gudima et al.); Simulation and Verification of DPA in Materials (N V Mokhov et al.); Proton Bunching Options (R B Palmer); Rapid Cycling Synchrotron Option for Project X (W Chou); Prospects for a Very High Power CW SRF Linac (R A Rimmer); ADSR Activity in the UK (R J Barlow); Power Production and ADS (R Raja); Spallation Target Design for Accelerator-Driven Systems (Y Gohar); Search for the Electric Dipole Moment of Radium 225 (R J Holt et al.); and other papers.

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Book SynopsisThis conference is the seventh in a series of topical meetings dealing with the nuclear fission process, mainly at low excitation energy. During these meetings, actual topics are discussed by a group of experts. These proceedings give an overview of the topics treated, and permit a rapid overview of the current activities in the field.Table of ContentsQuantum Aspects of Low-Energy Nuclear Fission (W Furman); Ternary Fission Studies by Correlation Measurements with Ternary Particles (M Mutterer); Neutron Emission From Proton Induced Fission of Actinides (S Gmuca); Anisotropic Neutron Evaporation from Spinning Fission Fragments (L Stuttge); Cosi-Fan-Tute Revisited (P Geltenbort); r-Process Reaction Rates for the Actinides and Beyond (I Panov); Digital Pulse Processing for STEFF (A Pollitt); Progress in the Atomic Number Identification of Fission Products (I Tsekhanovich); and other papers.

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Book SynopsisThe various phenomena caused by refraction and diffraction of polarized elementary particles in matter have opened up a new research area in the particle physics: nuclear optics of polarized particles. Effects similar to the well-known optical phenomena such as birefringence and Faraday effects, exist also in particle physics, though the particle wavelength is much less than the distance between atoms of matter. Current knowledge of the quasi-optical effects, which exist for all particles in any wavelength range (and energies from low to extremely high), will enable us to investigate different properties of interacting particles (nuclei) in a new aspect.This pioneering book will provide detailed accounts of quasi-optical phenomena in the particle polarization, and will interest physicists and professionals in experimental particle physics.Table of ContentsParticles Refraction in Matter; Neutron Spin OpticalA" Rotation in Matter with Polarized Nuclei; Nuclear Pseudo-magnetism; Polarization Plane Rotation of gamma-Quanta in Matter; Magnetic X-ray and gamma-Quanta Scattering; Positronium and Muonium Spin Rotation and Oscillations; Time-Reversal-Violating Optical Gyrotropy; Time-Reversal-Violating Static Magnetic and Electric Field Generation; Spin Rotation of High-Energy Particles in a Nuclear Pseudo-Magnetic Field; Deuteron (Omega Hyperon) Spin Oscillation and Spin Dichroism. The Phenomenon of Deuteron (Omega Hyperon) Birefringence; High Energy Nuclear Optics at Storage Ring; Channeling of High-Energy Particles in Crystals; A Channeled Fast Particle as a Two-Dimensional (One-Dimensional) Relativistic Atom; Particle Spin Rotation and Oscillations in Bent and Straight Crystals; Nuclear Optics of Crystals at High Energy.

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Book SynopsisThis volume presents a set of pedagogical lectures that introduce particle physics beyond the standard model and particle cosmology to advanced graduate students.Table of ContentsEffective Theories, the Standard Model and Precision Electroweak Tests; Supersymmetry; Extra Dimensions; Warped Extra Dimensions; Composite and Pseudo-Goldstone Higgs; Introduction to Collider Physics; Introduction to Particle Detection and The LHC; Unexpected Signals at the LHC; Introduction to Cosmology; Inflation; Dark Matter Models; Dark Energy; The CHB; Dark Matter Experiments.

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Book SynopsisThis book contains the Proceedings of the Fifth Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, held at Indiana University in Bloomington from June 28 to July 2, 2010. The Meeting focused on tests of these fundamental symmetries and on related theoretical issues, including scenarios for possible violations.Topics covered at the meeting include searches for CPT and Lorentz violations involving: birefringence and dispersion from cosmological sources, clock-comparison measurements, CMB polarization, electromagnetic resonant cavities, equivalence principle, gauge and Higgs particles, high-energy astrophysical observations, laboratory and gravimetric tests of gravity, matter interferometry, neutrino oscillations, oscillations and decays of K,D,B mesons, particle-antiparticle comparisons, post-newtonian gravity in the solar system and beyond, second- and third-generation particles, space-based missions, spectroscopy of hydrogen and antihydrogen, and spin polarized matter. Theoretical discussions include physical effects at the level of the Standard Model, General Relativity, and beyond; the possible origins and mechanisms for Lorentz and CPT violations; and related classical and quantum issues in field theory, particle physics, gravity, and string theory.

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Book SynopsisThe conference was aimed at promoting contacts between scientists involved in solar-terrestrial physics, space physics, astroparticle physics and cosmology both from the theoretical and the experimental approach. The conference was devoted to physics and physics requirements, survey of theoretical models and performances of detectors employed (or to be employed) in experiments for fundamental physics, astroparticle physics, astrophysics research and space environment — including Earth magnetosphere and heliosphere and solar-terrestrial physics. Furthermore, cosmic rays have been used to extend the scientific research experience to teachers and students with air shower arrays and other techniques. Presentations included the following subjects: advances in physics from present and next generation ground and space experiments, dark matter, double beta decay, high-energy astrophysics, space environment, trapped particles, propagation of cosmic rays in the Earth atmosphere, Heliosphere, Galaxy and broader impact activities in cosmic rays science.The open and flexible format of the Conference was conducive to fruitful exchanges of points of view among participants and permitted the evaluation of the progresses made and indicated future research directions. The participants were experienced researchers but also graduate students (MSc and PhD) and recent postdoctoral fellows.Table of ContentsObservations and Results Obtained in Cosmic Ray Physics in the Energy Range from Sub-GeV to TeV and Beyond; Space-Based and Terrestrial Astroparticle Experiments; Searches for Dark Matter and Bouble-Beta Decay; Production of Ordinary and/or Exotic Matter; Propagation of Cosmic Rays in the Galaxy and within the Solar System, Processes Inducing Trapped Particles Inside the Earth Magnetosphere and Their Effects, Space Environment, Solar-Terrestrial Physics.

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Book SynopsisIn one way or another, Gerry Brown has been concerned with questions about the universe, about its vast expanse as well as about its most miniscule fundamental constituents of matter throughout his entire life. In his endeavours to understand the universe in many manifestations from nuclei all the way to the stars, he has been influenced by some of the most prominent physicists of the 20th century, and he himself, in turn, has influenced a great many scholars. This volume, a collection of articles dedicated to Gerry on his 85th birthday, contains discussions of many of the issues which have attracted his interest over the years. The contributions are written by his former students, co-authors, colleagues and admirers and they are strongly influenced by Gerry's own scientific tastes. With this compilation we want to express our respect, admiration and gratitude; we want to celebrate Gerry's scientific and scholarly achievements, the inspirational quality of his teaching and the enthusiasm which he himself displayed in his research and which stimulated so many of his students and colleagues over the decades.Table of ContentsConfiguration Interactions from NN Potentials with Many-Body Components Constrained by Energy-Density Functional Methods; Nuclear Effective Interactions: From Brueckner Reaction Matrix to Low-Momentum Vk Interactions with Brown-Rho Scaling; Determining the Equation of State of Dense Matter from Observations of Neutron Stars; Chiral Symmetry and the Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction; Hidden Local Symmetry in Nuclear Physics; Beyond Migdal: The Stony-Brook Juelich Approach; Gamma-Ray Bursts; The Nucleon from Holography; From Brown-Rho Scaling to Nuclear Chiral Dynamics: The Carbon-14 Case.

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Book SynopsisThe Proceedings include talks given at the 4th Workshop on Exclusive Reactions at High Momentum Transfer at Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA, the world's leading facility performing research on nuclear, hadronic and quark-gluon structure of matter. Exclusive reactions are becoming one of the major sources of information about the deep structure of the nucleons and other hadrons. The workshop focused on the application of a variety of exclusive reactions at high momentum transfer, utilizing unpolarized and polarized beams and targets, to obtain information about nucleon ground state and excited state structure at short distances. This is a subject which is central to the programs of current accelerators and especially planned future facilities. The topics include: generalized parton distributions, deeply virtual Compton scattering, deeply virtual meson production (DVMP), transverse structure of hadrons (TMD), hadron form factors — elastic and transition, quantum chromodynamics (perturbative, non-perturbative, lattice calculations), and physics to study at an Electron Ion Collider.Table of ContentsThe Proceedings include talks given at the 4th Workshop on Exclusive Reactions at High Momentum Transfer at Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA, the world's leading facility performing research on nuclear, hadronic and quark-gluon structure of matter. Exclusive reactions are becoming one of the major sources of information about the deep structure of the nucleons and other hadrons. The workshop focused on the application of a variety of exclusive reactions at high momentum transfer, utilizing unpolarized and polarized beams and targets, to obtain information about nucleon ground state and excited state structure at short distances. This is a subject which is central to the programs of current accelerators and especially planned future facilities. The topics include: generalized parton distributions, deeply virtual Compton scattering, deeply virtual meson production (DVMP), transverse structure of hadrons (TMD), hadron form factors - elastic and transition, quantum chromodynamics (perturbative, non-perturbative, lattice calculations), and physics to study at an Electron Ion Collider.

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Book SynopsisThese proceedings are devoted to a wide variety of both theoretical and experimental areas in particle physics. The topics include physics at accelerators and studies of Standard Model and Beyond, neutrino and astroparticle physics, cosmology, CP Violation and rare decays, hadron physics, and new developments in quantum field theory. The papers of the volume reveal the present status and new development in the above mentioned items. In particular, the first results on measurement of LHC pp collision events are also reported.Table of ContentsPhysics at Accelerators and Studies of Standard Model and Beyond; Neutrino Physics; Astroparticle Physics and Cosmology; CP Violation and Rare Decays; Hadron Physics; New Developments in Quantum Field Theory; Problems of Intelligentsia.

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Book SynopsisThe Conference on Quantum Mechanics, Elementary Particles, Quantum Cosmology and Complexity was held in honour of Professor Murray Gell-Mann's 80th birthday in Singapore on 24-26 February 2010. The conference paid tribute to Professor Gell-Mann's great achievements in the elementary particle physics.This notable birthday volume contains the presentations made at the conference by many eminent scientists, including Nobel laureates C N Yang, G 't Hooft and K Wilson. Other invited speakers include G Zweig, N Samios, M Karliner, G Karl, M Shifman, J Ellis, S Adler and A Zichichi.About Murray Gell-MannMurray Gell-Mann, born September 15, 1929, won the 1969 Nobel Prize in physics for his work on the theory of elementary particles.His contributions span the entire history of particle physics, from the early days of the particle zoo to the modern day QCD. Along the way, even as he proposed new quantum numbers to bring order into the zoo, he had fun in naming them. And thus was born Strangeness, Flavor, Hadrons, Baryons, Leptons, the Eightfold Way, Color, Quarks, Gluons and, with Harald Fritzsch, the standard field theory of strong interactions, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD).He also proposed with Richard Feynman the V-A theory of beta decay. Gell-Mann discovered the Current Algebra, proposed (with Levy) the sigma model of pions and the see-saw mechanism for the neutrino masses.Table of ContentsMurray Gell-Mann - A Scientific Biography (H Fritzsch); Memories of Murray and the Quark Model (G Zweig); Some Problems in Cold Atom Research (C N Yang); Murray and (N Samios); From Ω- to Ωb (M Karliner); Early History of QCD and Quarks (G Karl); Understanding Confinement in QCD - Elements of a Big Picture (M Shifman); QCD Glue Mesons (P Minkowski); The QCD Coupling and Parton Distributions at High Precision (J Bluemlein); QCD and the Spin of the Proton (A Thomas); Determination of the Light Quark Masses in QCD (C Dominguez); The Elusive Higgs Boson (J Gunion); Prospects for New Physics at the LHC (J Ellis); Murray Gell-Mann and the Last Frontier of LHC Physics: The QGCW Project (A Zichichi); Classical Cellular Automata and Quantum Field Theory (G t' Hooft); Some Lessons from 60 years of Theorizing (M Gell-Mann); Gauge Structures in Multivalued Fields (H Kleinert); Neutrino Masses and Grand Unification of Flavor (R Mohapatra); Neutrino Mixing, Oscillations, Leptonic CP-Violation, the See-Saw Mechanism and Beyond (S Petcov); Some Recent Progress in AdS/CFT (J Schwarz); Aspects of String Phenomenology (I Antoniadis); String Corrections to QCD at LHC (D Luest); Maximal Supersymmetry and Exceptional Groups (L Brink); Gauge/Gravity Duality and Some Applications (S Wadia); Energy and Momentum on a de Sitter Space in Quantum Mechanics and Field Theory (M Bander); A Gauge Symmetry in Phase Space and Consequences for Physics and Space-time (I Bars); Composite Higgs Particle (K Yamawaki); Extremal Black Holes and Attractors (S Ferrara); The Dark Energy Puzzle (P-S Chen); Relaxing the Cosmological Constant on Large Distance Scales (A Zee); Cosmological SUSY Breaking and its Phenomenological Consequences (T Banks); Dark Matter Scattering and the Flyby Anomalies (S Adler); Primordial Black Holes as All Dark Matter (P Frampton); The Origin of Neutrino Mass and LHC (G Senjanovic); Variation of Fundamental Constants from Big Bang to Atomic Clocks: Theory and Observations Classical Cellular Automata and Quantum Field Theory (V Flambaum); and other papers.

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Book SynopsisThe Conference on Quantum Mechanics, Elementary Particles, Quantum Cosmology and Complexity was held in honour of Professor Murray Gell-Mann's 80th birthday in Singapore on 24-26 February 2010. The conference paid tribute to Professor Gell-Mann's great achievements in the elementary particle physics.This notable birthday volume contains the presentations made at the conference by many eminent scientists, including Nobel laureates C N Yang, G 't Hooft and K Wilson. Other invited speakers include G Zweig, N Samios, M Karliner, G Karl, M Shifman, J Ellis, S Adler and A Zichichi.About Murray Gell-MannMurray Gell-Mann, born September 15, 1929, won the 1969 Nobel Prize in physics for his work on the theory of elementary particles.His contributions span the entire history of particle physics, from the early days of the particle zoo to the modern day QCD. Along the way, even as he proposed new quantum numbers to bring order into the zoo, he had fun in naming them. And thus was born Strangeness, Flavor, Hadrons, Baryons, Leptons, the Eightfold Way, Color, Quarks, Gluons and, with Harald Fritzsch, the standard field theory of strong interactions, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD).He also proposed with Richard Feynman the V-A theory of beta decay. Gell-Mann discovered the Current Algebra, proposed (with Levy) the sigma model of pions and the see-saw mechanism for the neutrino masses.Table of ContentsMurray Gell-Mann - A Scientific Biography (H Fritzsch); Memories of Murray and the Quark Model (G Zweig); Some Problems in Cold Atom Research (C N Yang); Murray and (N Samios); From Ω- to Ωb (M Karliner); Early History of QCD and Quarks (G Karl); Understanding Confinement in QCD - Elements of a Big Picture (M Shifman); QCD Glue Mesons (P Minkowski); The QCD Coupling and Parton Distributions at High Precision (J Bluemlein); QCD and the Spin of the Proton (A Thomas); Determination of the Light Quark Masses in QCD (C Dominguez); The Elusive Higgs Boson (J Gunion); Prospects for New Physics at the LHC (J Ellis); Murray Gell-Mann and the Last Frontier of LHC Physics: The QGCW Project (A Zichichi); Classical Cellular Automata and Quantum Field Theory (G t' Hooft); Some Lessons from 60 years of Theorizing (M Gell-Mann); Gauge Structures in Multivalued Fields (H Kleinert); Neutrino Masses and Grand Unification of Flavor (R Mohapatra); Neutrino Mixing, Oscillations, Leptonic CP-Violation, the See-Saw Mechanism and Beyond (S Petcov); Some Recent Progress in AdS/CFT (J Schwarz); Aspects of String Phenomenology (I Antoniadis); String Corrections to QCD at LHC (D Luest); Maximal Supersymmetry and Exceptional Groups (L Brink); Gauge/Gravity Duality and Some Applications (S Wadia); Energy and Momentum on a de Sitter Space in Quantum Mechanics and Field Theory (M Bander); A Gauge Symmetry in Phase Space and Consequences for Physics and Space-time (I Bars); Composite Higgs Particle (K Yamawaki); Extremal Black Holes and Attractors (S Ferrara); The Dark Energy Puzzle (P-S Chen); Relaxing the Cosmological Constant on Large Distance Scales (A Zee); Cosmological SUSY Breaking and its Phenomenological Consequences (T Banks); Dark Matter Scattering and the Flyby Anomalies (S Adler); Primordial Black Holes as All Dark Matter (P Frampton); The Origin of Neutrino Mass and LHC (G Senjanovic); Variation of Fundamental Constants from Big Bang to Atomic Clocks: Theory and Observations Classical Cellular Automata and Quantum Field Theory (V Flambaum); and other papers.

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Book SynopsisVladimir Naumovich Gribov was one of the most outstanding theoretical physicists, a key figure in the development of modern elementary particle physics. His insights into the physics of quantum anomalies and the origin of classical solutions (instantons), the notion of parton systems and their evolution in soft and hard hadron interactions, the first theory of neutrino oscillations and conceptual problems of quantization of non-Abelian fields uncovered by him, have left a lasting impact on the theoretical physics of the 21st century.Gribov-80 — the fourth in a series of memorial workshops for V N Gribov — was organized on the occasion of his 80th birthday in May 2010, at the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics. The workshop paid tribute to Gribov's great achievements and brought close colleagues, younger researchers and leading experts together to display the new angles of the Gribov heritage at the new energy frontier opened up by the Large Hadron Collider.The book is a collection of the presentations made at the workshop.

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Book SynopsisThe book is based on lectures given at the TASI summer school of 2010. It aims to provide advanced graduate students, postdoctorates and senior researchers with a survey of important topics in particle physics and string theory, with special emphasis on applications of methods from string theory and quantum gravity in condensed matter physics and QCD (especially heavy ion physics).Table of ContentsHolography, Supersymmetry and Effective Gravitational Field Theory; What LHC might tell us about String Theory; Introduction to Gauge-Gravity Duality; Theoretical Particle Physics at Hadron Colliders: An Introduction; Applications of the Gauge-string Duality to High-temperature and Low-temperature systems; From Black Holes to Strange Metals; Non-linear Fluid Dynamics from Gravity; Quantum Phase Transitions: From Antiferromagnets and Superconductors to Black Holes; Holography for Strongly Coupled Media; and other papers.

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Book SynopsisThis book, like the first and second editions, addresses the fundamental principles of interaction between radiation and matter and the principles of particle detection and detectors in a wide scope of fields, from low to high energy, including space physics and medical environment. It provides abundant information about the processes of electromagnetic and hadronic energy deposition in matter, detecting systems, performance of detectors and their optimization.The third edition includes additional material covering, for instance: mechanisms of energy loss like the inverse Compton scattering, corrections due to the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect, an extended relativistic treatment of nucleus-nucleus screened Coulomb scattering, and transport of charged particles inside the heliosphere. Furthermore, the displacement damage (NIEL) in semiconductors has been revisited to account for recent experimental data and more comprehensive comparisons with results previously obtained.This book will be of great use to graduate students and final-year undergraduates as a reference and supplement for courses in particle, astroparticle, space physics and instrumentation. A part of the book is directed toward courses in medical physics. The book can also be used by researchers in experimental particle physics at low, medium, and high energy who are dealing with instrumentation.Table of ContentsElectromagnetic Interaction of Radiation in Matter; Nuclear Interactions in Matter; Radiation Environments and Damage in Silicon Semiconductors; Scintillating Media and Scintillator Detectors; Solid State Detectors; Displacement Damage and Particle Interactions in Silicon Devices; Gas Filled Chambers; Principles of Particle Energy Determination; Superheated Droplet (Bubble) Detectors and CDM Search; Medical Physics Applications.

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Book SynopsisResearch and development of high energy accelerators began in 1911. Since then, milestones achieved are:The impacts of the accelerator development are evidenced by the many ground-breaking discoveries in particle and nuclear physics, atomic and molecular physics, condensed matter physics, biology, biomedical physics, nuclear medicine, medical therapy, and industrial processing. This book is intended to be used as a graduate or senior undergraduate textbook in accelerator physics and science. It can be used as preparatory course material in graduate accelerator physics thesis research. The text covers historical accelerator development, transverse betatron motion, synchrotron motion, an introduction to linear accelerators, and synchrotron radiation phenomena in low emittance electron storage rings, introduction to special topics such as the free electron laser and the beam-beam interaction. Attention is paid to derivation of the action-angle variables of the phase space, because the transformation is important for understanding advanced topics such as the collective instability and nonlinear beam dynamics. Each section is followed by exercises, which are designed to reinforce concepts and to solve realistic accelerator design problems.Table of ContentsIntroduction: Historical Developments; Layout and Components of Accelerators; Accelerator Applications; Transverse Motion: Hamiltonian for Particle Motion in Accelerators; Linear Betatron Motion; Effect of Linear Magnet Imperfections; Off-Momentum Orbit; Chromatic Aberration; Linear Coupling; Nonlinear Resonances; Collective Instabilities and Landau Damping; Synchro-Betatron Hamiltonian; Synchrotron Motion: Longitudinal Equation of Motion; Adiabatic Synchrotron Motion; RF Phase and Voltage Modulations; Nonadiabatic and Nonlinear Synchrotron Motion; Beam Manipulation in Synchrotron Phase Space; Fundamentals of RF Systems; Longitudinal Collective Instabilities; Introduction to Linear Accelerators; Physics of Electron Storage Rings: Fields of a Moving Charged Particle; Radiation Damping and Excitation; Emittance in Electron Storage Rings; Beam Physics of High Brightness Storage Rings; Special Topics in Beam Physics: Free Electron Laser (FEL); Beam-Beam Interaction; Classical Mechanics and Analysis: Hamiltonian Dynamics; Stochastic Beam Dynamics; Model Independent Analysis; Numerical Methods and Physical Constants: Fourier Transform; Cauchy Theorem and the Dispersion Relation; Useful Handy Formulas; Maxwell's Equations; Physical Properties and Constants.

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Book SynopsisThis book addresses the fundamental principles of interaction between radiation and matter, the principles of working and the operation of particle detectors based on silicon solid state devices. It covers a broad scope in the fields of application of radiation detectors based on silicon solid state devices from low to high energy physics experiments, including in outer space and in the medical environment. This book also covers state-of-the-art detection techniques in the use of radiation detectors based on silicon solid state devices and their readout electronics, including the latest developments on pixelated silicon radiation detector and their application.The content and coverage of the book benefit from the extensive experience of the two authors who have made significant contributions as researchers as well as in teaching physics students in various universities.

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Book SynopsisThis volume is a compilation of the lectures at TASI 2011, held in Boulder, Colorado, June 2011. They cover topics in theoretical particle physics including the Standard Model and beyond, collider physics, dark matter, and cosmology, at a level intended to be accessible to students at the initial stages of their research careers.Table of ContentsThe Five Instructions (TASI 2011) (P Ramond); Higgs Boson Physics (L Reina); Perturbative QCD and NLO Monte Carlo Simulations (TASI 2011) (J Campbell); TASI 2011: CalcHEP and PYTHIA Tutorials (K Kong); TASI 2011 Lectures Notes: Two-Component Fermion Notation and Supersymmetry (S P Martin); Models of Supersymmetry Breaking (L L Everett); Four Lectures on TeV Scale Extra Dimensions (E Ponton); Introductory Lectures on Collider Physics (T M P Tait and L-T Wang); Mass and Spin Measurement Techniques (for the Large Hadron Collider): Lectures Given at TASI 2011, Boulder, Colorado (C G Lester); Early Universe Cosmology (D J H Chung); An Introduction to Dark Matter Direct Detection Searches & Techniques (T Saab); micrOMEGAs: A Package for Calculation of Dark Matter Properties in Generic Model of Particle Interaction (G Belanger, F Boudjema and A Pukhov).

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Book SynopsisAn understanding of the effects of electronic correlations in quantum systems is one of the most challenging problems in physics, partly due to the relevance in modern high technology. Yet there exist hardly any books on the subject which try to give a comprehensive overview on the field covering insulators, semiconductors, as well as metals. The present book tries to fill that gap.It intends to provide graduate students and researchers a comprehensive survey of electron correlations, weak and strong, in insulators, semiconductors and metals. This topic is a central one in condensed matter and beyond that in theoretical physics. The reader will have a better understanding of the great progress which has been made in the field over the past few decades.Table of ContentsRole of the Correlation Hole; Homogenous Electron Gas and Wigner Crystal; Density Functional Theory; Wavefunction based Methods; Correlated Ground-State Wavefunctions; Quasiparticle and Incoherent Excitations; Coherent Potential Approximations; Strongly Correlated Electrons; Transition Metals; Transition Metal Oxides; Heavy Quasiparticles; Fractionally Charged Excitations; Superconductivity.

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Book SynopsisAn understanding of the effects of electronic correlations in quantum systems is one of the most challenging problems in physics, partly due to the relevance in modern high technology. Yet there exist hardly any books on the subject which try to give a comprehensive overview on the field covering insulators, semiconductors, as well as metals. The present book tries to fill that gap.It intends to provide graduate students and researchers a comprehensive survey of electron correlations, weak and strong, in insulators, semiconductors and metals. This topic is a central one in condensed matter and beyond that in theoretical physics. The reader will have a better understanding of the great progress which has been made in the field over the past few decades.Table of ContentsRole of the Correlation Hole; Homogenous Electron Gas and Wigner Crystal; Density Functional Theory; Wavefunction based Methods; Correlated Ground-State Wavefunctions; Quasiparticle and Incoherent Excitations; Coherent Potential Approximations; Strongly Correlated Electrons; Transition Metals; Transition Metal Oxides; Heavy Quasiparticles; Fractionally Charged Excitations; Superconductivity.

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Book SynopsisThis volume is a collection of the contributions to the 6th Annual Workshop on Polarized Positron held in China. It provides updated information on polarized positron source R&D efforts for future high energy linear colliders and other research activities related to the polarized positron studies.The topics covered include: positron beams for linear colliders, but not limited to it, with the main items listed below:

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Book SynopsisA personal recount in areas of particle physics and related fields as a research physicist for over 50 years, Adrian Melissinos' insights into the ways that general research was carried out, as well as the evolution of particle physics from 1958 to 2008 will prove valuable to science history enthusiasts, as well as particle physicists.Be it conventional accelerator experiments, the use of microwave techniques in search of cosmic axions, or taking advantage of high power lasers to observe light-by-light scattering, the excitement of searching for something new in the face of failures and then successes is enriching, and the collaboration with gifted and outstanding colleagues and students proves insightful.A hybrid of personal reminiscences and a professional journey, readers get to relive the joy and excitement of researching and teaching in small groups during those early years while gaining a partial historical perspective of particle physics since 1958 — all in Reminiscences: A Journey through Particle Physics. /removeTable of ContentsLevel Crossing; Strange Particles; Deep Inelastic Scattering; The Rising pp Total Cross Section; Dimuons and Trimuons; The Cornell B-Factory; Fourteen Orders of Magnitude; Axions; Lasers; Matter From Light; Photoinjectors; The Earth Tides.

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Book SynopsisIn 1980, the Cold War was in full bloom. The Soviet father of the hydrogen bomb and Nobel Peace Laureate turned dissident physicist, Andrei Sakharov, had been exiled to Gorki by the Soviet authorities. Called “senile” and under heavy Soviet censorship, Sakharov had a hard time communicating his latest scientific results to readers outside of Gorki. Some smuggled results reached the author, Harry Lipkin, who then realized that he and Sakharov were both pioneers in a new revolution on our understanding the structure of matter. The particle physics community had resisted their revelation that the accepted building blocks of matter, neutrons and protons, were composed of tinier building blocks called “quarks”. What followed was a remarkable adventure in which both scientists fought the Soviet censors, smuggling postcards and manuscripts into and out of the Soviet Union while trying to further scientific progress.Against a backdrop of politics, suppression, and genius, Andrei Sakharov, Quarks and the Structure of Matter details the search for the basic building blocks of matter, the path to understanding the forces that bind them together, and how scientific knowledge is learned, communicated and passed from one group of investigators to another.

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Book SynopsisThe Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe (KMI) was founded at Nagoya University in 2010 under the directorship of T Maskawa, in celebration of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics for M Kobayashi and T Maskawa, both who are alumni of Nagoya University. In commemoration of the new KMI building in 2011, the KMI Inauguration Conference (KMIIN) was organized to discuss perspectives of various fields — both theoretical and experimental studies of particle physics and astrophysics — as the main objectives of the KMI activity.This proceedings contains a welcome address by T Maskawa conveying his hopes for KMI to create new revolutionary directions in the spirit of Shoichi Sakata, a great mentor of both Maskawa and Kobayashi. Invited speakers, world-leading scientists in the fields, and the young scientists at KMI contributed to this volume containing theoretical studies of strongly coupled gauge theories in view of LHC phenomenology, string theory approach and lattice studies as well as hot/dense QCD system, and also super-symmetric GUT models, etc., together with experimental studies of LHC physics, B physics, neutrino physics and the related astrophysics and cosmology. The volume yields a unique synergy of particle physics and astrophysics, closely related to the main activity of KMI encompassing particle theory (including lattice computer simulations), particle physics experiments, cosmology, and astrophysics observations.Table of ContentsRelativistic Signatures of Accreting Black Holes (A C Fabian); X-Ray Observations of Dark Particle Accelerators (H Matsumoto); Standard Model CP and Baryon Number Violation in Cold Electroweak Cosmology (E Shuryak); The QCD Phase Diagram in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions (C Nonaka); Problems with the MSSM: Mu and Proton Decay (S Raby); Origin of Kobayashi - Maskawa Theory in E6 GUT with Family Symmetry (N Maekawa); Results and Prospects of the T2K Neutrino Experiment (T Nakaya); Equation of State for Dark Energy in Modified Gravity Theories (K Bamba); Cosmology with the Large-Scale Structure of the Universe (T Matsubara); Quarks and the Cosmos (M S Turner); Top Quark and Higgs Boson Physics at LHC-ATLAS (M Tomoto); LHCf, Connecting Collider with Astroparticle Physics (T Sako for the LHCf Collaboration); Quantum Hall Effect: What can be Learned from Curved Space (C Hoyos and D T Son); QCD and Gauge/String Duality (T Sakai); Belle II and SuperKEKB (P KriA an); The KMI Lattice Project - Exploring for Technicolor from QCD (Y Aoki, T Aoyama, M Kurachi, T Maskawa, K-i Nagai, H Ohki, A Shibata, K Yamawaki and T Yamazaki); Direct WIMP Dark Matter Searches and XMASS Experiment (Y Suzuki); LHC Now and its Future Prospect (K Tokushuku); Particle Physics and Astrophysics by Cosmic Gamma-Ray Observations (H Tajima); Technicolor in the LHC Era (R S Chivukula, P Ittisamai, J Ren and E H Simmons); Topcolor in the LHC Era (E H Simmons, R S Chivukula, B Coleppa, H E Logan and A Martin); and other papers.

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Book SynopsisEdited by internationally recognized authorities in the field, this expanded and updated new edition of the bestselling Handbook, containing more than 100 new articles, is aimed at the design and operation of modern particle accelerators. It is intended as a vade mecum for professional engineers and physicists engaged in these subjects. With a collection of more than 2000 equations, 300 illustrations and 500 graphs and tables, here one will find, in addition to the common formulae of previous compilations, hard-to-find, specialized formulae, recipes and material data pooled from the lifetime experience of many of the world's most able practitioners of the art and science of accelerators.The eight chapters include both theoretical and practical matters as well as an extensive glossary of accelerator types. Chapters on beam dynamics and electromagnetic and nuclear interactions deal with linear and nonlinear single particle and collective effects including spin motion, beam-environment, beam-beam, beam-electron, beam-ion and intrabeam interactions. The impedance concept and related calculations are dealt with at length as are the instabilities associated with the various interactions mentioned. A chapter on operational considerations includes discussions on the assessment and correction of orbit and optics errors, real-time feedbacks, generation of short photon pulses, bunch compression, tuning of normal and superconducting linacs, energy recovery linacs, free electron lasers, cooling, space-charge compensation, brightness of light sources, collider luminosity optimization and collision schemes. Chapters on mechanical and electrical considerations present material data and important aspects of component design including heat transfer and refrigeration. Hardware systems for particle sources, feedback systems, confinement and acceleration (both normal conducting and superconducting) receive detailed treatment in a subsystems chapter, beam measurement techniques and apparatus being treated therein as well. The closing chapter gives data and methods for radiation protection computations as well as much data on radiation damage to various materials and devices.A detailed name and subject index is provided together with reliable references to the literature where the most detailed information available on all subjects treated can be found.

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Book SynopsisThe first edition of Engines of Discovery celebrated in words, images and anecdotes the accelerators and their constructors that culminated in the discovery of the Higgs boson. But even before the Higgs was discovered, before the champagne corks popped and while the television producers brushed up their quantum mechanics, a new wave of enthusiasm for accelerators to be applied for more practical purposes was gaining momentum. Almost all fields of human endeavour will be enhanced by this trend: energy conservation, medical diagnostics and treatment, national security, as well as industrial processing. Accelerators have been used most spectacularly to reveal the structure of the complex molecules that determine our metabolism and life. For every accelerator chasing the Higgs, there are now ten thousand serving other purposes. It is high time to move from abstract mathematics and philosophy to the practical needs of humankind.It is the aim of this revised and expanded edition to describe this revolution in a manner which will attract the young, not only to apply their curiosity to the building blocks of matter but to help them contribute to the improvement of the quality of life itself on this planet. As always, the authors have tried to avoid lengthy mathematical description. In describing a field which reaches out to almost all of today's cutting edge technology, some detailed explanation cannot be avoided but this has been confined to sidebars. References guide experts to move on to the journal Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology and other publications for more information. But first we would urge every young physicist, teacher, journalist and politician to read this book.Table of ContentsPart A. The Accelerators: Electrostatic Accelerators; Cyclotrons; Linacs; Betatrons; Synchrotrons; Colliders; Muon Accelerators; Detectors; Part B. The Applications: High-Energy and Nuclear Physics; Synchrotron Radiation Sources; Isotope Production and Cancer Therapy Accelerators; Spallation Neutron Sources; Accelerators in Industry; National Security; Energy and Environment; Part C. The Future: A Final Word - Mainly to the Young.

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