Particle and high-energy physics Books

Book SynopsisDie Autoren beginnen mit einem historischen Rückblick auf die Entstehung der modernen Physik und die ersten Erfolge bei der Beschreibung der vier fundamentalen Kräfte der Natur: der Elektrodynamik, der Schwachen und Starken Kernkräfte und der Schwerkraft. Die Darstellung der großen Fortschritte der 60er und 70er Jahre mit der Entstehung des Standardmodells der Elementarteilchenphysik ist im Aufbau eher systematisch. Der Schwerpunkt liegt aber stets auf der Einführung des Lesers in die Konzepte und Begriffe dieser Wissenschaft, ohne aber den mathematischen Apparat in Anspruch zu nehmen. Wie die zahlreichen Bilder dienen die Formeln eher zur Illustration des Textes und stellen keine strengen Herleitungen dar. Im abschließenden Kapitel wird versucht, den derzeitigen Forschungsstand wiederzugeben und die aktuellen Bemühungen der Physiker um ein besseres Verständnis der Kräfte der Natur vorzustellen.Table of ContentsGrundlagen der Teilchenphysik - Starke Wechselwirkung - Schwache Wechselwirkung I - Schwache Wechselwirkung II - Eichtheorie der Schwachen Wechselwirkung - Tief unelastische Streuung - Quantenchromodynamik, die Theorie der Quarks - Elektron-Positron-Streuung - Fortschritte in der Forschung

Read more less

Book Synopsis1 Relativistische Wellengleichungen.- 1.1 Vorbemerkungen.- 1.2 Betrachtungen zur Schrödingergleichung.- 1.3 Die Klein-Gordon-Gleichung.- 1.4 Die Dirac-Gleichung.- 1.5 Nichtrelativistischer Grenzfall der Dirac-Gleichung.- 1.6 Dirac-Gleichung für ein Elektron im elektromagnetischen Feld.- 1.7 Übungsaufgaben.- 2 Relativistische Kovarianz der Dirac-Gleichung.- 2.1 Vierervektoren, Lorentz-Transformation.- 2.2 Die ?-Matrizen.- 2.3 Ebene Wellen. Dirac-Spinoren.- 2.4 Kovarianz der Dirac-Gleichung.- 2.5 Spin des Elektrons.- 2.6 Skalare und vektorielle Bilinearformen.- 2.7 Übungsaufgaben.- 3 Interpretation der Lösungen negativer Energie.- 3.1 Stückelberg-Feynman-Bild der Antiteilchen.- 3.2 Die Wellenfunktionen des Positrons.- 3.3 Übungsaufgaben.- 4 Feynman-Graphen.- 4.1 Greensche Punktion.- 4.2 Elektron-Propagator.- 4.3 Matrixelement für Elektronenstreuung.- 4.4 Photon-Propagator.- 4.5 Feynman-Regeln.- 4.6 Übungsaufgaben.- 5 Anwendung der Feynman-Graphen.- 5.1 Streuung nichtrelativistischer Elektronen an Kernen.- 5.2 Streuung relativistischer Elektronen an Kernen.- 5.3 Elektron-Fermion-Streuung.- 5.4 Myon-Paarerzeugung.- 5.5 Elektron-Elektron- und Elektron-Positron-Streuung.- 5.6 Teilchen-Antiteilchen-Symmetrie.- 5.7 Compton-Streuung und Elektron-Positron-Vernichtung in ?-Quanten.- 5.8 Übungsaufgaben.- 6 Schwache Wechselwirkungen.- 6.1 Fermi-Theorie, intermediäre Bosonen.- 6.2 Paritätsverletzung, (V-A)-Theorie.- 6.3 Pion-Zerfall.- 6.4 Neutrino-Lepton-Reaktionen.- 6.5 Schwache Wechselwirkungen von Hadronen, Cabibbo-Winkel.- 6.6 Schwache neutrale Ströme.- 6.7 Schwacher Isospin, Charm-Quark.- 6.8 Übungsaufgaben.- 7 Lepton-Quark-Wechselwirkungen, Parton-Modell.- 7.1 Einführung.- 7.2 Elektron-Kern-Streuung, Formfaktor.- 7.3 Nukleon-Formfaktoren.- 7.4 InelastischeElektron-Nukleon-Streuung.- 7.5 Skaleninvarianz und Parton-Modell.- 7.6 Quark-Parton-Modell.- 7.7 Tief inelastische Neutrino-Nukleon-Streuung.- 7.8 Elektron-Positron-Vernichtung in Hadronen.- 7.9 Lepton-Paarerzeugung in Hadron-Stö?en.- 7.10 Übungsaufgaben.- 8 Divergenz-Probleme in der schwachen Wechselwirkung.- Überschreiten der Unitaritätsgrenze bei der Punkt- Wechselwirkung.- Divergenzen im W-Boson-Modell.- Kompensation der Divergenz durch ein neutrales Feldquant.- 9 Eichinvarianz als dynamisches Prinzip.- 9.1 Eichinvarianz und Maxwellsche Gleichungen.- 9.2 Eichinvarianz in der Quantenmechanik.- 9.3 Globale und lokale Phasentransformationen.- 9.4 Das Eichprinzip.- 9.5 Eichinvarianz und Masse der Feldquanten.- 9.6 Polarisationsvektoren für Photonen.- 9.7 Bedeutung der Potentiale in der Quantentheorie.- 9.8 Übungsaufgaben.- 10 Eichinvarianz bei massiven Vektor-Feldern.- 10.1 Die Erzeugung einer Photon-Masse im Supraleiter.- 10.2 Die Higgs-Teilchen als Verallgemeinerung der Cooper-Paare.- 10.3 Der Higgs-Mechanismus im Lagrange-Formalismus.- 10.4 Übungsaufgaben.- 11 Das Standard-Modell der elektroschwachen Wechselwirkung.- 11.1 Phaseninvarianz in der SU(2)-Symmetrie.- 11.2 Schwacher Isospin, schwache Hyperiadung.- 11.3 Lokale SU(2)l× U(l)-Transformationen, Kopplungen der Fermionen.- 11.4 Feynman-Regeln der elektroschwachen Wechselwirkung.- 11.5 Die Massen der W- und Z-Bosonen.- 11.6 Die Massen der geladenen Fermionen.- 11.7 Selbstwechselwirkung der Eichbosonen.- 11.8 Eigenschaften der W- und Z-Bosonen.- 11.9 Experimentelle Verifikation des Standard-Modells.- 11.10 Übungsaufgaben.- 12 Quanten-Chromodynamik.- 12.1 Historische Entwicklung der QCD.- 12.2 SU(3)-Symmetrie und Quarkmodell.- 12.3 Farbladungen.- 12.4 Lokale SU(3)c-Invarianz, Gluon-Felder.- 12.5Stabilität der $$q\bar q$$-und qqq-Systeme.- 12.6 Asymptotische Freiheit und Confinement.- 12.7 Experimentelle Ergebnisse zur QCD.- 12.8 Ausblick.- 12.9 Übungsaufgaben.- A Lagrange-Funktion für ein Teilchen im elektromagnetischen Feld.- B Lagrange-Formalismus in der Quantenfeldtheorie.- C Polarisationsvektoren für Spin-1-Teilchen.- Literatur.Table of Contents1 Relativistische Wellengleichungen.- 1.1 Vorbemerkungen.- 1.2 Betrachtungen zur Schrödingergleichung.- 1.3 Die Klein-Gordon-Gleichung.- 1.4 Die Dirac-Gleichung.- 1.5 Nichtrelativistischer Grenzfall der Dirac-Gleichung.- 1.6 Dirac-Gleichung für ein Elektron im elektromagnetischen Feld.- 1.7 Übungsaufgaben.- 2 Relativistische Kovarianz der Dirac-Gleichung.- 2.1 Vierervektoren, Lorentz-Transformation.- 2.1.1 Vierervektoren.- 2.1.2 Lorentz-Transformation.- 2.1.3 Drehung des Koordinatensystems.- 2.2 Die ?-Matrizen.- 2.3 Ebene Wellen. Dirac-Spinoren.- 2.4 Kovarianz der Dirac-Gleichung.- 2.4.1 Problemstellung.- 2.4.2 Transformation der Lösungen relativistischer Wellengleichungen.- 2.4.3 Rotation um die z-Achse.- 2.4.4 Lorentz-Transformation längs der z-Achse.- 2.4.5 Eigenschaften der Transformations-Matrizen.- 2.4.6 Raumspiegelung und Zeitumkehr.- 2.5 Spin des Elektrons.- 2.6 Skalare und vektorielle Bilinearformen.- 2.6.1 Skalar.- 2.6.2 Viererstromdichte.- 2.6.3 Pseudoskalar und Axialvektor.- 2.7 Übungsaufgaben.- 3 Interpretation der Lösungen negativer Energie.- 3.1 Stückelberg-Feynman-Bild der Antiteilchen.- 3.2 Die Wellenfunktionen des Positrons.- 3.3 Übungsaufgaben.- 4 Feynman-Graphen.- 4.1 Greensche Punktion.- 4.2 Elektron-Propagator.- 4.2.1 Berechnung der Greenschen Funktion.- 4.2.2 Propagator und zeitliche Entwicklung.- 4.3 Matrixelement für Elektronenstreuung.- 4.3.1 Matrixelement 1. Ordnung.- 4.3.2 Matrixelement 2. Ordnung.- 4.3.3 Anwendungsbeispiel: Streuung an einem Atomkern.- 4.4 Photon-Propagator.- 4.5 Feynman-Regeln.- 4.5.1 Konventionen zu Feynman-Diagrammen.- 4.5.2 Strom-Strom-Kopplung.- 4.5.3 Elementarprozesse.- 4.6 Übungsaufgaben.- 5 Anwendung der Feynman-Graphen.- 5.1 Streuung nichtrelativistischer Elektronen an Kernen.- 5.2 Streuung relativistischer Elektronen an Kernen.- 5.2.1 Spin-Summationen.- 5.2.2 Sätze über Spuren.- 5.2.3 Wirkungsquerschnitt für Elektron-Kern-Streuung.- 5.3 Elektron-Fermion-Streuung.- 5.3.1 Differentieller Wirkungsquerschnitt für Zweikörperreaktionen.- 5.3.2 Wirkungsquerschnitt für unpolarisierte Teilchen.- 5.4 Myon-Paarerzeugung.- 5.5 Elektron-Elektron- und Elektron-Positron-Streuung.- 5.5.1 Elektron-Elektron-Streuung.- 5.5.2 Elektron-Positron-Streuung.- 5.6 Teilchen-Antiteilchen-Symmetrie.- 5.7 Compton-Streuung und Elektron-Positron-Vernichtung in ?-Quanten.- 5.7.1 Compton-Streuung.- 5.7.2 Annihilation in zwei ?-Quanten.- 5.8 Übungsaufgaben.- 6 Schwache Wechselwirkungen.- 6.1 Fermi-Theorie, intermediäre Bosonen.- 6.2 Paritätsverletzung, (V-A)-Theorie.- 6.2.1 Eigenparitäten der Leptonen und Quarks.- 6.2.2 Helizität und Chiralität.- 6.3 Pion-Zerfall.- 6.4 Neutrino-Lepton-Reaktionen.- 6.5 Schwache Wechselwirkungen von Hadronen, Cabibbo-Winkel.- 6.6 Schwache neutrale Ströme.- 6.7 Schwacher Isospin, Charm-Quark.- 6.8 Übungsaufgaben.- 7 Lepton-Quark-Wechselwirkungen, Parton-Modell.- 7.1 Einführung.- 7.2 Elektron-Kern-Streuung, Formfaktor.- 7.3 Nukleon-Formfaktoren.- 7.4 Inelastische Elektron-Nukleon-Streuung.- 7.4.1 Inelastische Streuung als Mittel der Struktur-Analyse.- 7.4.2 Kinematik und Wirkungsquerschnitt für inelastische Elektron-Nukleon-Streuung.- 7.5 Skaleninvarianz und Parton-Modell.- 7.6 Quark-Parton-Modell.- 7.7 Tief inelastische Neutrino-Nukleon-Streuung.- 7.7.1 Strukturfunktionen der Neutrino-Streuung.- 7.7.2 Antiquark-Inhalt der Nukleonen.- 7.8 Elektron-Positron-Vernichtung in Hadronen.- 7.9 Lepton-Paarerzeugung in Hadron-Stö?en.- 7.10 Übungsaufgaben.- 8 Divergenz-Probleme in der schwachen Wechselwirkung.- Überschreiten der Unitaritätsgrenze bei der Punkt- Wechselwirkung.- Divergenzen im W-Boson-Modell.- Kompensation der Divergenz durch ein neutrales Feldquant.- 9 Eichinvarianz als dynamisches Prinzip.- 9.1 Eichinvarianz und Maxwellsche Gleichungen.- 9.2 Eichinvarianz in der Quantenmechanik.- 9.3 Globale und lokale Phasentransformationen.- 9.4 Das Eichprinzip.- 9.5 Eichinvarianz und Masse der Feldquanten.- 9.6 Polarisationsvektoren für Photonen.- 9.7 Bedeutung der Potentiale in der Quantentheorie.- 9.8 Übungsaufgaben.- 10 Eichinvarianz bei massiven Vektor-Feldern.- 10.1 Die Erzeugung einer Photon-Masse im Supraleiter.- 10.2 Die Higgs-Teilchen als Verallgemeinerung der Cooper-Paare.- 10.2.1 Das Higgs-Potential.- 10.3 Der Higgs-Mechanismus im Lagrange-Formalismus.- 10.3.1 Wechselwirkung zwischen Higgs-Feld und elektromagnetischem Feld.- 10.4 Übungsaufgaben.- 11 Das Standard-Modell der elektroschwachen Wechselwirkung.- 11.1 Phaseninvarianz in der SU(2)-Symmetrie.- 11.2 Schwacher Isospin, schwache Hyperiadung.- 11.3 Lokale SU(2)l× U(l)-Transformationen, Kopplungen der Fermionen.- 11.4 Feynman-Regeln der elektroschwachen Wechselwirkung.- 11.5 Die Massen der W- und Z-Bosonen.- 11.6 Die Massen der geladenen Fermionen.- 11.7 Selbstwechselwirkung der Eichbosonen.- 11.8 Eigenschaften der W- und Z-Bosonen.- 11.8.1 Berechnung der Zerfallsraten.- 11.8.2 Erzeugung der Z0-Bosonen in der e?e+-Annihilation.- 11.9 Experimentelle Verifikation des Standard-Modells.- 11.9.1 Zahl der Neutrino-Familien.- 11.9.2 Lepton-Universalität, Mischungswinkel.- 11.9.3 Eingrenzung der Top-Quark-Masse.- 11.10 Übungsaufgaben.- 12 Quanten-Chromodynamik.- 12.1 Historische Entwicklung der QCD.- 12.2 SU(3)-Symmetrie und Quarkmodell.- 12.2.1 Antiquarks.- 12.2.2 Quark-Antiquark-Zustände: Mesonen.- 12.2.3 Drei-Quark-Zustände: Baryonen.- 12.3 Farbladungen.- 12.3.1 Die Farbe als innere Quantenzahl der Quarks.- 12.3.2 Experimentelle Evidenz für die drei Farben.- 12.3.3 Farbladungen der Gluonen.- 12.4 Lokale SU(3)c-Invarianz, Gluon-Felder.- 12.4.1 Lokale SU(3)c-Transformationen.- 12.4.2 Kopplungen zwischen Quarks und Gluonen.- 12.4.3 Singulett-Gluon und Reichweite der starken Kräfte.- 12.5 Stabilität der $$ q\bar q $$-und qqq-Systeme.- 12.6 Asymptotische Freiheit und Confinement.- 12.6.1 Einführung effektiver Ladungen.- 12.6.2 Renormierung und Q2-Abhängigkeit der Kopplung.- 12.6.3 Confinement.- 12.7 Experimentelle Ergebnisse zur QCD.- 12.7.1 Entdeckung und Eigenschaften der Gluonen.- 12.7.2 Verletzung der Skaleninvarianz.- 12.7.3 Bestimmung von ?s.- 12.8 Ausblick.- 12.9 Übungsaufgaben.- A Lagrange-Funktion für ein Teilchen im elektromagnetischen Feld.- B Lagrange-Formalismus in der Quantenfeldtheorie.- C Polarisationsvektoren für Spin-1-Teilchen.- Literatur.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis concise and readable book addresses primarily readers with a background in classical statistical physics and introduces quantum mechanical notions as required. Conceived as a primer to bridge the gap between statistical physics and quantum information, it emphasizes concepts and thorough discussions of the fundamental notions and prepares the reader for deeper studies, not least through a selection of well chosen exercises.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: "This book covers a great deal of central topics and actual problems of quantum information theory except quantum computation and cryptography. It is an introduction which emphasizes the mathematical interesting and beauty aspects of quantum and information theory as well as their synthesis on an ambitious level suitable for graduate students. It is offering mathematically rigorous and elegant proofs for central propositions and with this respect it can serve teachers and researchers doing their work." (K.-E. Hellwig, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1145, 2008)Table of ContentsPrerequisites from Quantum Mechanics.- Information and its Measures.- Entanglement.- More About Information Quantities.- Quantum Compression.- Channels and Their Capacity.- Hypothesis Testing.- Coarse-grainings.- State Estimation.- Appendix: Auxiliary Linear and Convex Analysis.

Read more less

Book SynopsisDieses Essential gibt eine kompakte Einführung in unser aktuelles Bild der Elementarteilchenphysik. Es legt dabei den Schwerpunkt auf Phänomene wie das Higgs-Teilchen, welche am Large Hadron Collider (LHC) erforscht werden. Der LHC am Forschungszentrum CERN bei Genf ist der leistungsfähigste Beschleuniger der Welt und läuft seit dem Frühjahr 2015 erneut mit Rekordenergie. Der Autor beschreibt, wie das sogenannte „Standardmodell der Teilchenphysik“ aufgebaut ist und wie die Experimente des LHC es durch genauere Messungen festigen und durch neue Entdeckungen revolutionieren können. Dabei werden die wichtigsten grundlegenden Begriffe erklärt: Was sind beispielsweise virtuelle Teilchen, und welche Rolle spielen sie in der Natur? Was ist eine Quantenfeldtheorie? Sind die Elementarteilchen wirklich elementar? Was ist Symmetriebrechung? Trade Review Table of Contents

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisQuarks, Neutrinos, Supersymmetrie, Higgs-Boson, LHC, Antimaterie, Dunkle Materie — wer hat diese Begriffe nicht schon einmal gehört und würde gerne mehr darüber wissen? Dieses Buch gibt Ihnen einen Überblick über die spannenden Themen der Teilchenphysik. Auf jeweils einer Doppelseite erfahren Sie Wissenswertes in eindrucksvollen Bildern sowie unterhaltsamen und präzise formulierten Texten. Dabei geht es sowohl um Experimente und Entdeckungen als auch um theoretische Konzepte und Methoden. Sie erfahren, wie ein Teilchenbeschleuniger funktioniert, welche Schönheit hinter den Theorien der Teilchenphysik liegt und wie eng die Geschichte und der Aufbau des Universums mit den Eigenschaften der elementaren Teilchen und Kräften verknüpft sind. Wir erläutern Schritt für Schritt, wie man in riesigen Datenmengen relevante Informationen findet. Begleiten Sie uns auf eine Entdeckungsreise von den Fundamenten der modernen Teilchenphysik über spannende Entwicklungen in der Grundlagenforschung bis hin zu Anwendungen, die aus unserem täglichen Leben nicht mehr wegzudenken sind.Table of ContentsVorwort.- Über dieses Buch.- 1 Die Welt der Teilchen.- 2 Allgemeine Grundlagen.- 3 Experimentelle Grundlagen.- 4 Theoretische Grundlagen.- 5 Detektoren und Beschleuniger.- 6 Grundlagen der Auswertung von Teilchenphysikmessungen.- 7 Das Standardmodell der Elementarteilchenphysik.- 8 Die Besonderheiten der starken Wechselwirkung.- 9 Der Triumph des Standardmodells und darüber hinaus.- 10 Die Grenzen des Standardmodells.- 11 Die Suche nach Physik jenseits des Standardmodells.- 12 Die Verbindung des Größten mit dem Kleinsten.- Lohnt sich das alles?.- Literaturempfehlungen.- Glossar.- Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis textbook is a unique and ambitious primer of nuclear physics, which introduces recent theoretical and experimental progresses starting from basics in fundamental quantum mechanics. The highlight is to offer an overview of nuclear structure phenomena relevant to recent key findings such as unstable halo nuclei, superheavy elements, neutron stars, nucleosynthesis, the standard model, lattice quantum chromodynamics (LQCD), and chiral effective theory. An additional attraction is that general properties of nuclei are comprehensively explained from both the theoretical and experimental viewpoints. The book begins with the conceptual and mathematical basics of quantum mechanics, and goes into the main point of nuclear physics – nuclear structure, radioactive ion beam physics, and nuclear reactions. The last chapters devote interdisciplinary topics in association with astrophysics and particle physics. A number of illustrations and exercises with complete solutions are given. Each chapter is comprehensively written starting from fundamentals to gradually reach modern aspects of nuclear physics with the objective to provide an effective description of the cutting edge in the field.Table of ContentsTentative Table of Contents [ asterisk (*) for graduate level] 1. Concepts of quantum mechanics from the nuclear viewpoint 1.1 Genesis of quantum physics 1.2 Spin and Isospin 1.3 Quantum entanglement 1.4 Schrödinger equation 1.5 Quantum Tunneling in one dimension 1.6 Uncertainty relation 1.7 Symmetries and symmetry breaking 1.8 Dirac equation *) 1.9 Lagrangian and Path integral *) 1.10 Second quantization *) 2. Nuclear forces 2.1 Fundamental interactions 2.2 Nuclear force and symmetry constraints 2.3 Meson theory of nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction 2.4 Phase shifts and nuclear potentials 2.5 Three-body forces 2.6 Chiral Effective Field Theory (ChEFT)*) 3. Nuclear Structure theory 3.0 Bird’s eye view of nuclear models 3.1 Nuclear mean field 3.2 Random phase approximation 3.2 Energy density functionals 3.2.1 Pairing interactions and BCS/Bogolyubov approximation 3.3 Beyond the mean field approaches*) 3.3.1 Generator coordinate method (GCM) 3.3.2 Anti-symmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD) 3.4 The Monte Carlo shell models*) 3.5 Ab-initio approaches*) 3.5.1 No core shell model (NCSM) 3.5.2 Variational (VMC) and Green’s function Monte Carlo (GFMC) approaches 3.5.3 Fermionic molecular dynamics (FMD) 4. Nuclear Structure phenomena and observables 4.1 Spectroscopic observables for shell structure 4.2 Collective oscillations 4.3 Short-range correlations 4.4 Superheavy elements 4.5 Hypernuclei 5. Radioactive ion beam physics 5.1 Radioactive ion beam accelerators 5.2 In-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy and inverse kinematics 5.3 Neutron-rich nuclei –halo and skin 5.4 Evolution of nuclear shells with Isospin – island of inversion- 5.5 Di-neutron correlations and nuclear superfluidity *) 5.6 Clusters in nuclei *) 6. Deformation and Rotation 6.1 Deformation of Molecules and Nuclei 6.2 Nuclear deformation and observables 6.3 Microscopic origin for nuclear deformations and prolate dominance 6.4 Measuring shapes 6.4.1 Hyperfine atomic structure from laser spectroscopy 6.4.2 Magnetic and Quadrupole Nuclear Resonance 6.4.3 Coulomb excitation 6.5 Shape and shape coexistence*) 6.6 Superdeformation and Hyperdeformation*) 6.7 Advances in gamma spectroscopy*) 7. Nuclear reactions 7.1 Overview of reaction mechanics 7.2 Elastic scattering 7.3 Direct reactions 7.1.1 Spectroscopic factors 7.1.2 Transfer rections 7.1.3 Quasifree scattering 7.1.4 Heavy-ion induced nucleon removal 7.4 Nuclear fusion 7.4.1 Solar energies , and p-p chain reaction and CNO cycle 7.4.2 Magnetic confinement and the ITER project *) 7.4.3 Inertial confinement *) 7.5 Nuclear fission 7.5.1 Macroscopic models 7.5.2 Microscopic models *) 7.5.3 Principle of a nuclear power plant *) 8. Celestial observables and terrestrial experiments 8.1 Nuclear Equation-of-States constrained by terrestrial observables 8.2 Neutron stars 8.3 Nucleosynthesis 8.4 Supernovae explosion *) 9. Nuclear physics and the standard model of elementary particle 9.1 Standard model 9.2 Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics for Nuclei *) 9.3 CKM matrix and superallowed b decay*) 9.4 Neutrino oscillations and search for a 4 th neutrino*) 9.5 Double beta decay and neutrino mass*) 9.6 Appendix for LQCD*) References Solutions of problems

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book aims to explain radiation from a somewhat different aspect than its traditional image as something that is scary, dangerous, hazardous, and so on, to produce the correct understanding that radiation is carrying energy, and to convince readers that radiation is not "scary" but controllable and useful. As for radiation itself, many introductions or textbooks have been published, as in radiochemistry, radiobiology, and radiology. In most of them, the biological effects of radiation exposure are the main subjects, which often enhance the feeling that radiation is dangerous, and the effects produced by lower-dose exposure that are difficult to see are hardly discussed. The present volume mainly focuses on how radiation carries energy, how energy is absorbed in substances as absorbed doses (Gy) or dose equivalents (Sv), how damages or risks appear with the absorbed dose and why the effects of the exposure appear quite differently, depending on properties of the substances that were exposed.Table of ContentsTable of Contents Preface to English edition Preface Chapter 1 Radiation carries energy 1-1 Is radiation scary? 1-2 What is written in this book 1-2-1 Radiation is carries energy 1-2-2 All physical and chemical phenomena accompany energy transfer 1-2-3 “EQ (radiation) exposure” means energy deposition (absorption) or energy transfer from EQ to an object 1-2-4 Deposited or absorbed energy in unit mass or volume are quite different depending the kind of EQ. 1-2-5 Units related to radiation, exposure and radiation measurements 1-2-5-1 Energy and power carried/deposited by EQ (radiation) (J or eV and W) 1-2-5-2 Absorbed dose and dose rate 1-2-5-3 Intensity of EQ or radioactivity 1-2-6 Intensity and energy of EQ (radiation) 1-3 Energy release from a material (Black body radiation and EQ emission) 1-4 EQ sources in nature 1-5 Energy transfer in physical and chemical phenomena 1-6 Radioactive materials and artificial EQ (radiation) sources 1-7 Summary Chapter 2 Radiation (EQ: Energy Quantum) 2-1 Introduction 2-2 Radiation is consisting of EQ 2-3 Sources of EQ and their intensity 2-3-1 Sources 2-3-2 Characteristics of radioisotopes as EQ sources 2-3-3 Geometry of EQ sources (point, planner, volumetric and spatial sources) 2-3-3-1 Point and volumetric sources 2-3-3-2 Planner source 2-3-3-3 Spatial source 2-3-4 Air dose rate 2-4 Energy deposition (absorption) given by EQ exposure 2-5 Energy absorption in living beings exposed to EQ 2-5-1 External exposure 2-5-2 Internal exposure 2-5-3 Absorbed dose, dose rate and dose equivalent 2-5-4 Conversion of units related to EQ exposure (Bq, Gy, Sv and effective dose) 2-6 Shielding and decontamination 2-7 Effects of EQ exposure on a human body Chapter 3 Sources of Energetic Quanta (EQ) (Radiation Sources) 3-1 Radioisotopes 3-1-1 Stable isotopes and radioisotopes 3-1-2 Emission of EQ from radioactive isotopes (Disintegration of radioisotopes) 3-1-3 Radioactive isotopes in nature 3-1-4 EQ exposure of human body in nature 3-1-5 EQ emitted from 131-iodine and 137-cesium and their exposure effects 3-2 Radiation from the sun 3-3 Nuclear reactors 3-4 Release of FPs from the Fukushima power plant after the accident 3-5 Artificial EQ sources 3-5-1 Accelerators 3-5-2 X-ray Generator 3-5-3 Lasers Chapter 4. Irradiation effects of EQ on materials (inorganic- and organic-materials, and living beings) 4-1 Evaluation of the effects of EQ exposure 4-1-1 There is no critical dose to distinguish secure and insecure 4-1-2 Definite and stochastic (probabilistic) effects of exposure 4-1-3 Evaluation of the effects of low-dose exposure and reduction of exposure 4-2 Irradiation effects of EQ on materials 4-2-1 Effects of EQ exposure on inorganic materials 4-2-1-1 Irradiation effects of metals 4-2-1-1-1 Damages caused by nuclear collisions 4-2-1-1-2 Damage caused by electron excitation 4-2-1-2 Irradiation effects of covalent and ionic bonding materials 4-2-2 Irradiation effects of organic materials 4-2-3 Irradiation effects of living beings - from molecular levels in cells, tissues to individuals – 4-3 Resilience to EQ exposure and recovery 4-4 Absorbed does (deposited energy) and volume exposed to EQ Chapter 5 Reduction of exposure, Contamination and Decontamination 5-1 Introduction 5-2 Distribution of EQ sources and their removal 5-3 External and internal exposures 5-4 Reduction of exposure to a human body 5-5 Resilience 5-5-1 Where and how large area are damaged or influence by EQ exposure. 5-5-2 Recovery of damages and resilience 5-5 Short-term and long-term exposure Chapter 6 Detection and measurement of EQ 6-1 Introduction 6-2 Determination of type, intensity and energy of EQ 6-2-1 Measurements of intensities 6-2-2 Accuracy of intensity measurements 6-2-3 Measurements of EQ energy 6-2-4 Calorimetry 6-2-5 Intensity (radio activity) of EQ source 6-3 Absorbed dose measurement 6-4 Visualization of EQ source distribution 6-5 Absorbed dose equivalent -accuracy and assessment of effects of EQ exposure- 6-5-1 Consideration of exposed dose equivalent (Sv) to use for the assessment of the effects of EQ exposure 6-5-2 Accuracy and number of significant figures in EQ measurements Chapter 7 Utilization of EQ 7-1 Introduction 7-2 Sterilization or disinfection 7-3 Medical purposes 7-4 Utilization of EQ energy 7-5 Radiometric dating (14C dating) 7-5 Use of radioisotopes as tracers Chapter 8 Energy and the History of the Earth 8-1 Introduction 8-2 Changes in the global environment 8-3 Development and Evolution of Life Chapter 9 Energy use and radiation 9-1 Introduction 9-2 Sources of energy 9-3 There's no energy to use for free 9-3 Fossil fuels are originally solar energy 9-4 Risks associated with energy use Bibliography (a) Introductory (b) Radiation and Radioactivity (c) Radiation Biology (d) Radiation Physics, Radiochemistry (e) Radiation Measurements (f) Radiation Hormesis (g) Radiation Use Appendix: Q and A relating radiation (EQ) Radiation is explained in a simple form of Q & A, which also serves as summary. Q1: What is radioactivity? Q2: What is radiation? Q3: What is a radiation source? Q4: Is light and radiation the same ?　 Q5: What are particles that carry energy? Q6: What kind of particles and light (photons) are included in radiation (EQ)? Q7: How do EQ move? Q8: What does radiation exposure mean? Q9: What do following units related to EQ exposure mean and how they are different with each other? Count rates (cps, cpm, cph), Becquerel (Bq), Gray (Gy) and Siebert (Sv) Q10: Is the exposure of 20 mSv dangerous? Q11: Does the EQ exposure make objects (substances and/or living beings) radioactive? Q12: Does a substance exposed to EQ glow? Q13: What is internal and external exposures? What is the difference? Q14: What happens on radioactive materials ingested into a body?

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book presents peer-reviewed articles from the National Workshop on Recent Advances in Condensed Matter and High Energy Physics-2021 (CMHEP-2021). This workshop was held in the Department of Physics, Ewing Christian College (ECC), Prayagraj, in collaboration with National Academic of Sciences (NASI), Prayagraj, India, in 2021. The book highlights recent theoretical and experimental developments in condensed matter and high energy physics which include novel phases of matter, namely crystalline and non-crystalline phases, unconventional superconducting phases, magnetic phases and Quark–Gluon plasma phases along with searches of neutrino and dark matter. This book provides a good resource for beginners as well as advanced researchers in the field of condensed matter and high energy physics.Table of ContentsGround state properties of spin−1/2 Falicov-Kimball model on a triangular lattice with uniform external magnetic field.- Tuning the morphology of lanthanum cobaltite using the surfactant-assisted hydrothermal approach for enhancing oxygen evolution catalysis.- Synthesis of Novel Complex Metallic Alloys.- A TiO2 based Gas Sensor for Liquefied Petroleum Gas.- A study of the Solar Cycle 21 to 24 and the starting phase of solar cycle 25.- Theoretical approach to modify the Born-Mayer Parameters in layered superconductor.- Effect of varying the grating length in an Optical Read-out Scheme Based on Grated Waveguide Cantilever Cavity Resonance.- Synthesis and Characterization of MoO3 Nanomaterials for Energy Storage Application.- Enhancement in optical absorbance of ZnO nanoparticles by introducing MoS2 nanosheets.- Effect of different ablation time of ns-pulsed laser on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles in liquid.- Investigation of Thermodynamical and Electro-optical properties of Nematic Liquid Crystals dispersed with Low wt% BaTiO3 Nanoparticles.- Elastic and mechanical investigation of high temperature IrxRe1-x alloys.- Comparative study of photocatalytic activity of ZnS and CuS Nanoparticles for Dye degradation under visible light irradiation.- Microstructural properties of palladium doped tin oxide thick film.- PVDF based nanocomposite polymer electrolyte for enhancement in stability of dye sensitized solar cells.- Morse Potential in Y-123 High temperature layered Superconductors.- Effect of dispersion of thiol capped AuNPs in room temperature discotic material.- Neutrinos properties and its detection.- Identified Charged Particle Production in Pb+Pb Collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV using Tsallis Distribution Function.- Multiplicity features of the grey particles emerged in 84Kr36+Em interaction at 1 GeV per nucleon.- Quantifying the performance of Multilayer insulation technique for cryogenic application.- Identification of bulk and surface event in point contact germanium detector at sub-keV energy region.- Fragmentation characteristics of the projectile fragments emitted in 84Kr36 + Em interaction at 1 A GeV.- Study of the multiplicity characteristics for target fragments produced in 84Kr36+Em interaction at relativ-istic energy.- Characteristics of the high purity germanium detectors in dark matter and neutrino sector.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis open access book is a pedagogical text on nuclear reactor experiments, covering almost all the experiments that can be carried out at the University Training Reactor, Kindai University (UTR-KINKI) with respect to reactor physics and radiation detection, and additionally including academic materials of test and research reactors, nuclear instrumentation, nuclear laws and regulations, in this main body. The book is an excellent primer for students who are interested in reactor physics, radiation detection, nuclear laws and regulations at universities, and the best textbook for students who have started to study the nuclear energy related fields to understand the basic theories and principles of the experiments in the fields of reactor physics and radiation detection. UTR-KINKI has been used for educational reactor experiments and basic research in a wide range of fields related to the use of radiation (neutrons, gamma-ray, beta-ray, alpha-ray, and X-ray), including reactor physics, radiation detection, radiation health physics, activation analysis, radiation biology, medical applications and archaeology. Also, UTR-KINKI has been actively engaged in nuclear education with its long history of operation, and has gained extensive experience in educational activities for undergraduate and graduate students, elementary, junior high and high school teachers, junior high and high school students, and general audiences.Table of Contents

Read more less

Book SynopsisQuantum field theory is arguably the most far-reaching and beautiful physical theory ever constructed, with aspects more stringently tested and verified to greater precision than any other theory in physics. Unfortunately, the subject has gained a notorious reputation for difficulty, with forbidding looking mathematics and a peculiar diagrammatic language described in an array of unforgiving, weighty textbooks aimed firmly at aspiring professionals. However, quantum field theory is too important, too beautiful, and too engaging to be restricted to the professionals. This book on quantum field theory is designed to be different. It is written by experimental physicists and aims to provide the interested amateur with a bridge from undergraduate physics to quantum field theory. The imagined reader is a gifted amateur, possessing a curious and adaptable mind, looking to be told an entertaining and intellectually stimulating story, but who will not feel patronised if a few mathematical niceties are spelled out in detail. Using numerous worked examples, diagrams, and careful physically motivated explanations, this book will smooth the path towards understanding the radically different and revolutionary view of the physical world that quantum field theory provides, and which all physicists should have the opportunity to experience.Trade ReviewA refreshing hands-on approach ... [and] a tremendous resource to have to hand or perhaps to use as a textbook for a first course on QFT to a mixed audience. * Clifford V. Johnson, Physics Today *A treasury of contemporary material presented concisely and lucidly in a format that I can recommend for independent study ... I believe that this volume offers an attractive, new "rock and roll" approach, filling a large void in the spectrum of QFT books. * Johann Rafelski, CERN Courier *The authors succeed remarkably in opening up the concepts of Quantum Field Theory to a broad, physically and mathematically trained readership. [...] The book is a valuable addition to the wide range of QFT books already available, and is suitable as self-study for the novice, as accompaniment for courses, and also as a valuable reference for those already familiar with the subject. * Physik Journal *This is a wonderful, and much needed book ... Why have the authors been so successful? It is the way the book has been structured. Each of the 50 chapters is short. Every chapter starts with a readable plan of what is to be explained and why; and finishes with a compact summary of the key ideas that have been covered. Moreover, the language is kept as simple as possible. The aim is always to be clear and difficult ideas are approached gently. The text is interspersed with a large number of detailed worked examples which are central to the story and which are arranged so as not to intimidate the reader ... They have produced an accessible book that gives us a wonderful opportunity to understand QFT and its numerous applications * Alan D. Martin, Contemporary Physics *There is a need for a book on Quantum Field Theory that is not directed at specialists but, rather, sets out the concepts underlying this subject for a broader scientific audience and conveys joy in their beauty. Lancaster and Blundell have written with this goal in mind, and they have succeeded admirably. * Michael Peskin, SLAC Naitonal Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University *This wonderful and exciting book is optimal for physics graduate students. The authors are brilliant educators who use worked examples, diagrams and mathematical hints placed in the margins to perfect their pedagogy and explain quantum field theory. * Barry R. Masters, Optics & Photonics News *Table of ContentsI: THE UNIVERSE AS A SET OF HARMONIC OSCILLATORS; II: WRITING DOWN LAGRANGIANS; III: THE NEED FOR QUANTUM FIELDS; IV: PROPAGATORS AND PERTURBATIONS; V: INTERLUDE: WISDOM FROM STATISTICAL PHYSICS; VI: PATH INTEGRALS; VII: TOPOLOGICAL IDEAS; VIII: RENORMALIZATION: TAMING THE INFINITE; IX: PUTTING A SPIN ON QFT; X: SOME APPLICATIONS FROM THE WORLD OF CONDENSED MATTER; XI: SOME APPLICATIONS FROM THE WORLD OF PARTICLE PHYSICS

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

Book SynopsisEnergy is typically regarded as understandable, despite its multiple forms of storage and transfer. Entropy, however, is an enigma, in part because of the common view that it represents disorder. That view is flawed and hides entropy's connection with energy. In fact, macroscopic matter stores internal energy, and that matter's entropy is determined by how the energy is stored. Energy and entropy are intimately linked.Energy and Entropy: A Dynamic Duo illuminates connections between energy and entropy for students, teachers, and researchers. Conceptual understanding is emphasised where possible through examples, analogies, figures, and key points.Features: Qualitative demonstration that entropy is linked to spatial and temporal energy spreading, with equilibrium corresponding to the most equitable distribution of energy, which corresponds to maximum entropy Analysis of energy and entropy of Trade Review"In this book Leff (emer., California State Polytechnic Univ.) intertwines all aspects of energy and entropy through a plethora of subjects, from classical topics such as the Clausius inequality to the relatively new "nonequilibrium equality for free energy differences" as discussed by C. Jarzynski…The author is to be commended for engaging readers in considering the concept of energy and entropy using accessible mathematics. The strength of this book lies in the author's endeavor to create "Key Point" snippets throughout the book. These points are the cream of the crop, accentuating and demystifying important concepts, and empowering the reader to leave each chapter with essential takeaways. Though the book lacks problems and exercises at the end of each chapter, this does not diminish the value of a text that is sure to appear on the bookshelf of confirmed thermodynamicists, and will furnish a possible technical elective for upper-division students in engineering and physics. The volume can also serve as an excellent reference resource for graduate students in engineering and physics with research interests in materials science, biophysical systems, and magnetic nanoparticles in biotechnology, to name a few areas of applicability.Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates. Graduate students, faculty, and professionals."—R. N. Laoulache, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth in CHOICE November 2021 (Vol. 59 No. 3) "Not often does one have the chance to read a book that is the result of a lifetime of productive thought about an important subject, but such is the case with Harvey Leff’s Energy and Entropy. One is astounded by the depth and breadth of this book. And, what is more, Professor Leff has a deft way of appealing to various kinds of readers: professionals who want to see the mathematics and those who desire a more conceptual understanding. If you have room on your bookshelf for only one volume on thermodynamics, (and I don’t say this lightly) your choice should be Energy and Entropy." — Don S. Lemons, Professor of Physic Emeritus, Bethel College, North Newton, Kansas "Harvey Leff has used his lifelong interest and expertise in thermodynamics and statistical mechanics to write a delightful monograph on the relation between energy and entropy. The author explains the relation with thoughtful explanations including detailed examples, many of which are glossed over in most thermodynamics texts. Although most of the text is intended to expand on traditional material, more advanced topics such as the Jarznski equality are also discussed. The text should be of particular interest to students who are puzzled by the many subtleties of thermodynamics and by instructors who wish to offer a deeper understanding of the subject." — Harvey Goud, Clark University "In this volume Harvey Leff has made a unique contribution by illustrating many connections between entropy and energy in a wide range of contexts, both theoretical and practical. The book begins with what is essentially a review of the laws of thermodynamics, with energy featured in connection with the first law and entropy in connection with the second. Although Leff includes the historical underpinnings of thermodynamics going back to the 19th century, he also addresses more contemporary topics such as black hole entropy, Landauer’s principle, the entropy of information and computation, and recent efforts to find violations of the second law. The book contains numerous simple but effective illustrations and graphs. A pedagogical feature that many readers will find effective is the use of “key points” that give a brief synopsis of the preceding section of text. I found that the key points often provide a bridge from one section to the next. This book is highly recommended as a learning tool for professionals and graduate students who seek a more comprehensive and wide-ranging treatment of entropy in its many forms and applications." — Andrew Rex, University of Puget Sound "Energy and Entropy: A Dynamic Duo offers many insights to many different audiences. But Leff rightly identifies "teachers of physics, chemistry, and engineering" first on his list of prospective readers. Perhaps no other group of scientists has a greater need for a conscience than those of us who teach thermodynamics… Unlike many other books on the subject, Energy and Entropy does not give its reader the impression that thermodynamics is a fully resolved product of the 19th century. Leff demonstrates that significant discoveries have been made since the contributions of Boltzmann and Gibbs. He provides an accessible introduction to the Jarzynski equality. He also traces the many discoveries that were motivated by Maxwell's demon, illustrating how statistical mechanics led to later developments in information theory… Leff is careful throughout his book to emphasize that energy and entropy are equal partners. He also refrains from treating these quantities as abstract concepts. The presentation rarely strays from a plausible experiment. Even the discussion of information theory is rooted in measurable physical quantities. My overall impression of this book can be characterized by the title of an article that Leff contributed to The Physics Teacher. The title of the article is Thermodynamics Is Easy-I've Learned It Many Times. When reading a good book on the subject, I agree. Thermodynamics can seem easy, particularly when the book is written by a scientist whose previous work has helped to clarify fundamental issues. But as I continue to grapple with the subject, I know that I will continue to find more subtle points in need of explanation. And when those future moments inevitably arrive, Energy and Entropy will be among the books to which I'll turn in order to find my conscience." — Eric Johnson, Chair of the Department of Chemistry at Mount St. Joseph University, in American Journal of Physics Vol 89, No 7 (2021). "In this book Leff (emer., California State Polytechnic Univ.) intertwines all aspects of energy and entropy through a plethora of subjects, from classical topics such as the Clausius inequality to the relatively new "nonequilibrium equality for free energy differences" as discussed by C. Jarzynski…The author is to be commended for engaging readers in considering the concept of energy and entropy using accessible mathematics. The strength of this book lies in the author's endeavor to create "Key Point" snippets throughout the book. These points are the cream of the crop, accentuating and demystifying important concepts, and empowering the reader to leave each chapter with essential takeaways. Though the book lacks problems and exercises at the end of each chapter, this does not diminish the value of a text that is sure to appear on the bookshelf of confirmed thermodynamicists, and will furnish a possible technical elective for upper-division students in engineering and physics. The volume can also serve as an excellent reference resource for graduate students in engineering and physics with research interests in materials science, biophysical systems, and magnetic nanoparticles in biotechnology, to name a few areas of applicability.Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates. Graduate students, faculty, and professionals."—R. N. Laoulache, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth in CHOICE November 2021 (Vol. 59 No. 3) "Not often does one have the chance to read a book that is the result of a lifetime of productive thought about an important subject, but such is the case with Harvey Leff’s Energy and Entropy. One is astounded by the depth and breadth of this book. And, what is more, Professor Leff has a deft way of appealing to various kinds of readers: professionals who want to see the mathematics and those who desire a more conceptual understanding. If you have room on your bookshelf for only one volume on thermodynamics, (and I don’t say this lightly) your choice should be Energy and Entropy." — Don S. Lemons, Professor of Physic Emeritus, Bethel College, North Newton, Kansas "Harvey Leff has used his lifelong interest and expertise in thermodynamics and statistical mechanics to write a delightful monograph on the relation between energy and entropy. The author explains the relation with thoughtful explanations including detailed examples, many of which are glossed over in most thermodynamics texts. Although most of the text is intended to expand on traditional material, more advanced topics such as the Jarznski equality are also discussed. The text should be of particular interest to students who are puzzled by the many subtleties of thermodynamics and by instructors who wish to offer a deeper understanding of the subject." — Harvey Goud, Clark University "In this volume Harvey Leff has made a unique contribution by illustrating many connections between entropy and energy in a wide range of contexts, both theoretical and practical. The book begins with what is essentially a review of the laws of thermodynamics, with energy featured in connection with the first law and entropy in connection with the second. Although Leff includes the historical underpinnings of thermodynamics going back to the 19th century, he also addresses more contemporary topics such as black hole entropy, Landauer’s principle, the entropy of information and computation, and recent efforts to find violations of the second law. The book contains numerous simple but effective illustrations and graphs. A pedagogical feature that many readers will find effective is the use of “key points” that give a brief synopsis of the preceding section of text. I found that the key points often provide a bridge from one section to the next. This book is highly recommended as a learning tool for professionals and graduate students who seek a more comprehensive and wide-ranging treatment of entropy in its many forms and applications." — Andrew Rex, University of Puget Sound "Energy and Entropy: A Dynamic Duo offers many insights to many different audiences. But Leff rightly identifies "teachers of physics, chemistry, and engineering" first on his list of prospective readers. Perhaps no other group of scientists has a greater need for a conscience than those of us who teach thermodynamics… Unlike many other books on the subject, Energy and Entropy does not give its reader the impression that thermodynamics is a fully resolved product of the 19th century. Leff demonstrates that significant discoveries have been made since the contributions of Boltzmann and Gibbs. He provides an accessible introduction to the Jarzynski equality. He also traces the many discoveries that were motivated by Maxwell's demon, illustrating how statistical mechanics led to later developments in information theory… Leff is careful throughout his book to emphasize that energy and entropy are equal partners. He also refrains from treating these quantities as abstract concepts. The presentation rarely strays from a plausible experiment. Even the discussion of information theory is rooted in measurable physical quantities. My overall impression of this book can be characterized by the title of an article that Leff contributed to The Physics Teacher. The title of the article is Thermodynamics Is Easy-I've Learned It Many Times. When reading a good book on the subject, I agree. Thermodynamics can seem easy, particularly when the book is written by a scientist whose previous work has helped to clarify fundamental issues. But as I continue to grapple with the subject, I know that I will continue to find more subtle points in need of explanation. And when those future moments inevitably arrive, Energy and Entropy will be among the books to which I'll turn in order to find my conscience." — Eric Johnson, Chair of the Department of Chemistry at Mount St. Joseph University, in American Journal of Physics Vol 89, No 7 (2021). Table of Contents1 Energy is Universal. 2 Energy is Not Enough. 3 Entropy: Energy’s Needed Partner. 4 Gases, Solids, Polymers. 5 Radiatin and Photons. 6 Numerical Entropy. 7 Language and Philosophy of Thermodynamics. 8 Working, Heating, Cooling. 9 Sanctity of the 2nd law of Thermodynamics. 10 Reflections and Extensions. 11 Appendices: Mathematical Identities

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

Book SynopsisChoice Recommended Title, July 2020Bringing together material scattered across many disciplines, Semiconductor Radiation Detectors provides readers with a consolidated source of information on the properties of a wide range of semiconductors; their growth, characterization and the fabrication of radiation sensors with emphasis on the X- and gamma-ray regimes. It explores the promise and limitations of both the traditional and new generation of semiconductors and discusses where the future in semiconductor development and radiation detection may lie. The purpose of this book is two-fold; firstly to serve as a text book for those new to the field of semiconductors and radiation detection and measurement, and secondly as a reference book for established researchers working in related disciplines within physics and engineering. Features: The only comprehensive book covering this topic FTrade Review"In this work, Owens (Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Czech Republic) offers an up-to-date, encyclopedic assessment of modern radiation detection. Following a succinct historical retelling of the discovery of radiation and radiation detectors in chapter 1, chapters 2 and 3 present an exhaustive review of solid state physics at the upper-division undergraduate level, similar to material encountered in a one-semester course using C. Kittel’s Introduction to Solid State Physics (8th ed., 2005). However, Owens prefers to use the relevant quantum mechanical results (e.g., Bloch functions) rather than their derivations. The core of this volume discusses in detail the materials, fabrication, and characterization of semiconductor devices, including growth techniques and contact characteristics (electrode deposition), going far beyond the typical silicon and gallium arsenide examples. The final chapter explores the future of detector materials including nanoscintillators and biological detectors, as well as radiation detection using spintronics. The addition of extensive references after each chapter and a useful set of appendixes (including calibration sources and a handy table of radionuclides) assures that this volume is well suited for senior engineering and physics students and researchers alike. Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through faculty and professionals. —J. F. Burkhart, emeritus, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs" Table of Contents1. Introduction to Radiation and Its Detection: An Historical Perspective 2. Semiconductors 3. Crystal Structure 4. Growth Techniques 5. Contacting Systems 6. Detector Fabrication 7. Detector Characterization 8. Radiation Detection and Measurement 9. Materials Used for General Radiation Detection 10. Current Materials Used for Neutron Detection 11. Performance Limiting Factors 12. Improving Performance 13. Future Directions in Radiation Detection Appendix A: Supplementary Reference Material and Further Reading List Appendix B: Table of Physical Constants Appendix C: Units and Conversions Appendix D: Periodic Table of the Elements Appendix E: Properties of the Elements Appendix F: General Properties of Semiconducting Materials Appendix G: Radiation Environments Appendix H: Table of Radioactive Calibration Sources

Read more less

Book SynopsisHelping readers understand the complicated laws of nature, Advanced Particle Physics Volume II: The Standard Model and Beyond explains the calculations, experimental procedures, and measuring methods of particle physics, particularly quantum chromodynamics (QCD). It also discusses extensions to the Standard Model and the physics of massive neutrinos. Divided into three parts, this volume begins with QCD. It explains the quantization scheme using functional integrals and investigates renormalization problems. The book also calculates cross sections of basic hard processes and covers nonperturbative methods, such as the lattice approach and QCD vacuum. The next part focuses on electroweak interactions, in which the author describes the GlashowâWeinbergâSalam theory and presents composite models and a left-right symmetric model as extensions to the Standard Model. The book concludes with chapters on massive neutrino physics that cover neutrino properties, neutrino oscillation in vacuum and matter, and solar and atmospheric neutrinos.Table of ContentsQUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS: Canonical Quantization. Formalism of Functional Integration. Renormalization and Unitarity. Asymptotical Freedom. Chiral Symmetries. Anomalies. Hard Processes in QCD. Lattice QCD. Quark-Gluon Plasma. QCD Vacuum. QCD Experimental Status. ELECTROWEAK INTERACTIONS: Glashow–Weinberg–Salam Theory. Physics beyond the Standard Model. NEUTRINO PHYSICS: Neutrino Properties. Neutrino Oscillation in Vacuum. Neutrino Oscillation in Matter. Solar Neutrinos. Atmospheric Neutrinos. Results and Perspectives.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAn Introduction to the Standard Model of Particle Physics familiarizes readers with what is considered tested and accepted and in so doing, gives them a grounding in particle physics in general. Whenever possible, Dr. Mann takes an historical approach showing how the model is linked to the physics that most of us have learned in less challenging areas. Dr. Mann reviews special relativity and classical mechanics, symmetries, conservation laws, and particle classification; then working from the tested paradigm of the model itself, he: Describes the Standard Model in terms of its electromagnetic, strong, and weak components Explores the experimental tools and methods of particle physics Introduces Feynman diagrams, wave equations, and gauge invariance, building up to the theory of Quantum Electrodynamics Describes the theories of the Strong and Electroweak interactions Uncovers frontier areas and explores what might lie bTrade Review… thoroughly recommended for a final-year specialist or first-year postgraduate study level especially for those engaged in experimental high energy physics research. The author has performed an excellent service in making accessible the language and results of field theory applied to elementary particle physics.—John J. Quenby, Contemporary Physics, 52, 2011 The first chapter shows how clearly the author can write and even though the subject matter gets more complex through the book, the clarity continues. … giv[es] readers greater insights into how the maths and the reality match (or don’t match!) and hopefully exciting them into further consideration of what may be ‘hidden behind the curtain’. … while most of the book is limited to final year and postgraduate students, the first and last chapters of the book should be accessible to any interested reader wanting to understand the present knowledge and future directions of particle physics. The author has intended the book to be used as a course of study … he has used the material himself in this way with success for two decades. … Every chapter ends with … well thought out, relevant questions …—Jack McArdle, Reviews, Volume 11, Issue 1, 2010 Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. Further Reading. Introduction and Overview. A Review of Special Relativity. Symmetries. Conservation Laws. Particle Classfication. Discrete Symmetries. Accelerators. Detectors.Scattering. A Toy Theory. Wave Equations for Elementary Particles. Gauge Invariance. Quantum Electrodynamics. Testing QED. From Nuclei to Quarks. The Quark Model. Testing the Quark Model. Heavy Quarks and QCD. From Beta Decay to Weak Interactions. Charged Leptonic Weak Interactions. Charged Weak Interactions of Quarks and Leptons. Electroweak Unfication. Electroweak Symmetry Breaking. Testing Electroweak Theory. Beyond the Standard Model. Notation and Conventions. Kronecker Delta and Levi-Civita Symbols. Dirac Delta-Functions. Pauli and Dirac Matrices. Cross-Sections and Decay Rates. Clebsch-Gordon Coefficients. Fundamental Constants. Properties of Elementary Particles. Feynman Rules for the Standard Model. The Large Hadron Rap.

Read more less

Book SynopsisFor graduate students unfamiliar with particle physics, An Introductory Course of Particle Physics teaches the basic techniques and fundamental theories related to the subject. It gives students the competence to work out various properties of fundamental particles, such as scattering cross-section and lifetime. The book also gives a lucid summary of the main ideas involved. In giving students a taste of fundamental interactions among elementary particles, the author does not assume any prior knowledge of quantum field theory. He presents a brief introduction that supplies students with the necessary tools without seriously getting into the nitty-gritty of quantum field theory, and then explores advanced topics in detail. The book then discusses group theory, and in this case the author assumes that students are familiar with the basic definitions and properties of a group, and even SU(2) and its representations. With this foundation established, he goes on to discuss Trade Review"… a pedagogical, thorough, and enjoyable introduction to this fascinating subject. … a carefully written textbook on the Standard Model in the post-LHC era, at the level of a graduate-level course. … Theorists and phenomenologists with an interest in particle physics would also do well to acquire a copy. … The biggest strength of this book is its pedagogical clarity. … Apart from the pedagogical value for novices, the later chapters of the book are interesting for active high-energy physicists as well … as a textbook, Palash Pal’s tome on particle physics is accessibly written for serious beginning students, and is a great addition to the bookshelves of seasoned scientists interested in the phenomenological foundations of the Standard Model."—Current Science, April 2015Table of ContentsThe Scope of Particle Physics. Relativistic Kinematics. Symmetrics and Groups. A Brisk Tour of Quantum Field Theory. Quantum Electrodynamics. Parity and Charge Conjugation. Time Reversal and CPT Symmetries. Isospin. Discovering Particles. SU (3) Quark Model. Nonabelian Gauge Theories. Quantum Chromodynamics. Structure of Hadrons. Fermi Theory of Weak Interactions. Spontaneious Symmetry Breaking. Standard Electroweak Model with Leptons. Electroweak Interaction of Hadrons. Global Symmetries of the Standard Model. Bosons of the Standard Model. Hadrons Involving Heavy Quark Flavors. CP Violation. Neutrino Mass and Lepton Mixing. Beyond the Standard Model. Appendices.

Read more less

Book SynopsisIntroduces modern developments on the bound state problem in Schrödinger potential theory and its applications in particle physics. It covers two-body problems, relativistic generalisations, the inverse problem, 3-body and N-body problems. Emphasis is given to showing how theory can be tested by experiment. Many references are provided.Trade Review'The book is clearly written, general results are illustrated by concrete applications to atomic and particle physics and the authors do not assume a knowledge of advanced mathematics. All that make this book very useful and valuable for theoretical and experimental particle and atomic physicists, especially for newcomers to the field.' Robert Alicki, Zentralblatt für MathematikTable of ContentsPart I. Introduction; Part II. Two-body Problems: 1. General properties; 2. Order of energy levels; 3. Spacing of energy levels; 4. Miscellaneous results on the wave function at the origin; 5. Relativistic generalizations of results on level ordering; 6. The inverse problem for confining potentials; 7. Counting the number of bound states; Part III. Miscellaneous Results On The 3-body and N-body Problem: Appendices; References; Index.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book marked the centenary of the discovery of the electron by J. J. Thomson in 1897, an event which occurred at a great turning point in the history of scientific ideas, and the impact of which on the development of science in the twentieth century has been profound.Trade ReviewReview of the hardback: 'This is an excellent book for its declared purpose of providing collateral reading at the Physics World level to those who already have a background in modern physics. There is more than enough here to allow the electron to consider its birthday suitably celebrated.' P. W. Anderson, The Times Higher Education SupplementReview of the hardback: '… this is a fine birthday tribute to the electron, and a good starting point for physicists wishing to delve a little deeper into a field of study adjacent to their own.' Jonathan Butterworth, New ScientistReview of the hardback: 'Each chapter is a fascinating story in its own right.' E. E. Davis, The ObservatoryReview of the hardback: 'This is an impressive and attractive book and has been very well produced by Cambridge University Press.' Contemporary PhysicsTable of Contents1. J. J. Thomson and the discovery of the electron A. B. P. Pippard; 2. The isolated electron W. N. Cottingham; 3. The relativistic electron D. I. Olive; 4. The electron glue B. L. Gyorffy; 5. The electron fluid P. Coleman; 6. The magnetic electron G. G. Lonzarich; 7. The paired electron A. J. Leggett; 8. The heavy electron M. Springford; 9. The coherent electron Y. Imry and M. Peskin; 10. The composite electron R. Nicholas; 11. The electron in the cosmos M. S. Longair.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

Cryogenic TwoPhase Flow by N. N. Filina | 9780521168403

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less

a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

Read more less