Optical physics Books

Book SynopsisArtist, technologist, and philosopher James Bridle's Ways of Being is a brilliant, searching exploration of different kinds of intelligenceplant, animal, human, artificialand how they transform our understanding of humans' place in the cosmos.What does it mean to be intelligent? Is it something unique to humans or shared with other beingsbeings of flesh, wood, stone, and silicon? The last few years have seen rapid advances in artificial intelligence. But rather than a friend or companion, AI increasingly appears to be something stranger than we ever imagined, an alien invention that threatens to decenter and supplant us.At the same time, we're only just becoming aware of the other intelligences that have been with us all along, even if we've failed to recognize or acknowledge them. These othersthe animals, plants, and natural systems that surround usare slowly revealing their complexity, agency, and knowledge, just as the technologies we've built to sus

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Book SynopsisFibre-to-the-Home networks constitute a fundamental telecom segment with the required potential to match the huge capacity of transport networks with the new user communication demands.Table of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. Contributors. Abbrevations. List of Figures. List of Tables. References. 1 Introduction. 1.1 Organization of the Document. 2 Architecture of Future Access Networks. 2.1 Multiplexing level. 2.2 WDM – Passive Optical Network. 2.2.1 Wavelength allocation strategies. 2.2.2 Dynamic network reconfiguration using flexible WDM. 2.2.3 Static WDM PONs. 2.2.4 Wavelength routed PON. 2.2.5 Reconfigurable WDM PONs. 2.2.6 Wavelength broadcast-and-select access network. 2.2.7 Wavelength routing access network. 2.3 Geographical, optical and virtual topologies: star, tree, bus, ring and combined. 2.3.1 Tree topology. 2.3.2 Bus topology. 2.3.3 Ring topology. 2.3.4 Tree with redundant trunk. 2.3.5 Arrayed Waveguide Grating based single hop WDM/TDM PON. 2.4 Compatibility with Radio applications UWB, UMTS, WiFi. 2.5 Radio-over-Fibre. 2.6 Next Generation G/E-PON standards development process. 2.6.1 Development of 10G EPON. 2.6.2 Next generation GPON systems. 2.6.3 Summary. 3 Components for Future Access Networks. 3.1 Tuneable Optical Network Unit. 3.2 Fast-tunable laser at the Optical Line Terminal. 3.3 Arrayed Waveguide Gratings. 3.3.1 Wavelength router functionality.3.3.2 Applications in access networks.3.3.3 Arrayed Waveguide Grating characterization.3.4 Reflective receivers and modulators. 3.4.1 Electroabsorption Modulator. 3.4.2 Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers. 3.4.3 Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifier. 3.4.4 Erbium Doped Waveguide Amplifiers and integration with RSOA and REAM for high performance colourless ONT. 4 Enhanced Transmission Techniques. 4.1 Advanced functionalities in Ethernet PONs. 4.1.1 Wavelength conversion. 4.1.2 Tolerance to wavelength conversion range. 4.2 Bidirectional single fibre transmission with colourless Optical Network Unit. 4.2.1 Remodulation by using Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers. 4.2.2 Fabry Perot InjectionLocking with high bandwidth and low optical power for locking. 4.2.3 Characterization of Rayleigh Backscattering. 4.2.4 Strategies to mitigate Rayleigh Backscattering. 4.2.5 ASK-ASK configuration using time division multiplexing. 4.2.6 FSK-ASK configuration using modulation format multiplexing. 4.2.7 Subcarrier Multiplexing by electrical frequency multiplexing. 4.2.8 Rayleigh Scattering Reduction by means of Optical Frequency Dithering. 4.3 Spectral slicing. 4.4 Alternative modulation formats to NRZ ASK. 4.5 Bidirectional Very high rate DSL transmission over PON. 4.5.1 Heterodyning systems. 4.5.2 Optical frequency multiplying systems. 4.5.3 Coherent systems. 4.6 Active and remotely-pumped optical amplification. 4.6.1 Burst traffic. 4.6.2 Raman amplification in Ethernet PONs. 4.6.3 Remote powering. 4.7 Variable splitter, variable multiplexer. 5 Network Protection. 5.1 Definitions. 5.2 Protection schemes. 5.2.1 Standard schemes. 5.2.2 Novel schemes. 5.3 Reliability performance evaluation. 5.3.1 Reliability requirements and reliability data. 5.3.2 Reliability models. 5.3.3 Results. 5.3.4 Power supply. 5.4 Conclusions. 6 Traffic Studies. 6.1 Dynamic Bandwith Allocation, QoS and priorization in TDMA PONs. 6.1.1 Implementation of a Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation mechanism. 6.1.2 Definition and state of art. 6.1.3 Migration toward a dynamic bandwidth allocated BPON and selection criteria. 6.2 WDMA/TDMA Medium Access Control. 6.2.1 Access Protocol for Arrayed Waveguide Grating based TDMA/WDMA PONs for Metropolitan Area Networks. 6.2.2 Geographical Bandwidth Allocation. 6.3 Access Protocols for WDM Rings with QoS Support. 6.3.1 Analytical Model. 6.3.2 Numerical Results. 6.3.3 Access Protocol Supporting QoS Differentiated Services. 6.3.4 Performance Study. 6.3.5 Summary. 6.4 Efficient Support for Multicast and Peer-to-peer traffic. 6.4.1 Multicast Traffic.6.4.2 Peer-to-Peer Traffic. 7 Metro-Access Convergence.

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Book SynopsisTopology is the study of properties of geometrical objects that remain invariant as the object is bent, twisted, or otherwise continuously deformed. It has been an indispensable tool in particle physics and solid state physics for decades, but in recent years it has become increasingly relevant in classical and quantum optics as well. It makes appearances through such diverse phenomena as Pancharatnam-Berry phases, optical vortices and solitons, and optical simulations of solid-state topological phenomena. This book concisely provides the necessary mathematical background needed to understand these developments and to give a rapid survey of some of the optical applications where topological issues arise.Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgements Author biography 1. Topology and physicsa historical overview 2. Electromagnetism and physics 3. Characterizing spaces 4. Fiber bundles, curvature, and holonomy 5. Topological invariants 6. Vortices and corkscrewssingular optics 7. Optical solitons 8. Geometric and topological phases 9. Topological states of matter and light Appendices

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Book SynopsisTensor network is a fundamental mathematical tool with a huge range of applications in physics, such as condensed matter physics, statistic physics, high energy physics, and quantum information sciences. This open access book aims to explain the tensor network contraction approaches in a systematic way, from the basic definitions to the important applications. This book is also useful to those who apply tensor networks in areas beyond physics, such as machine learning and the big-data analysis. Tensor network originates from the numerical renormalization group approach proposed by K. G. Wilson in 1975. Through a rapid development in the last two decades, tensor network has become a powerful numerical tool that can efficiently simulate a wide range of scientific problems, with particular success in quantum many-body physics. Varieties of tensor network algorithms have been proposed for different problems. However, the connections among different algorithms are not well discussed or reviewed. To fill this gap, this book explains the fundamental concepts and basic ideas that connect and/or unify different strategies of the tensor network contraction algorithms. In addition, some of the recent progresses in dealing with tensor decomposition techniques and quantum simulations are also represented in this book to help the readers to better understand tensor network. This open access book is intended for graduated students, but can also be used as a professional book for researchers in the related fields. To understand most of the contents in the book, only basic knowledge of quantum mechanics and linear algebra is required. In order to fully understand some advanced parts, the reader will need to be familiar with notion of condensed matter physics and quantum information, that however are not necessary to understand the main parts of the book. This book is a good source for non-specialists on quantum physics to understand tensor network algorithms and the related mathematics. Trade Review“This book is particularly suitable for students and researchers who are new in this field. It is a timely book that provides a concise introduction of the important topics in this brand-new field with promising prospects. Furthermore, the book provides an up-to-date brief review, which is well suited as a reference for experience researchers.” (Hong-Hao Tu, zbMATH 1442.81003, 2020)Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Tensor Network: Basic Definitions and Properties.- Two-Dimensional Tensor Networks and Contraction Algorithms.- Tensor Network Approaches for Higher-Dimensional Quantum Lattice Models.- Tensor Network Contraction and Multi-Linear Algebra.- Quantum Entanglement Simulation Inspired by Tensor Network.- Summary.

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Book SynopsisThis book is about morphogenesis as the genesis of forms. It is not restricted to plants growing from seed or animals developing from an embryo (although these do supply the most abundant examples) but also addresses kindred processes, from inorganic to social to biomorphic technology. It is about our morphogenetic universe: unplanned, unfair and frustratingly complicated but benevolent in allowing us to emerge, survive, and inquire into its laws.Table of ContentsMorphogenetic Universe.- Aggregation.- Broken Symmetry.- Life Evolves.- Cells in Motion.- Cells United.- Communication.- Biomorphic Technologies.

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Book SynopsisThe observational component of astronomy is an exciting and vital part of any astrophysics degree. With the advent of low-cost astronomical cameras and remote and robotic operation, more students than ever have the opportunity to observe and perform observatory research. This updated and fully corrected textbook provides a comprehensive overview of practical observing techniques for undergraduate astrophysics courses. The chapters introduce students to the basics of the field before delving into telescope types, the nature and operation of the astronomical camera, imaging techniques and reduction, photometry and spectrography, and solar and radio observations.The second edition covers the latest research on calibrating the telescope-camera-observatory system. It contains revised information on all available astronomy equipment, including filters, webcams, sensors, and telescope designs. Also included is an entirely new chapter on exoplanet transit measurements. The textbook’s practical approach will guide readers from basic first-year techniques to those required for a final-year project.Trade Review“It is excellent, and its breadth of coverage is laudable. I would recommend it to undergraduate students and amateur astronomers … .” (John Southworth, The Observatory, Vol. 141 (1282), June, 2021)Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisPhotonics is the discipline of electrons and photons working in tandem to create new physics, new devices and new applications. This textbook employs a pedagogical approach that facilitates access to the fundamentals of quantum photonics. Beginning with a review of the quantum properties of photons and electrons, the book then introduces the concept of their non-locality at the quantum level. It presents a determination of electronic band structure using the pseudopotential method, enabling the student to directly compute the band structures of most group IV, group III-V, and group II-VI semiconductors. The book devotes further in-depth discussion of second quantization of the electromagnetic field that describes spontaneous and stimulated emission of photons, quantum entanglement and introduces the topic of quantum cascade lasers, showing how electrons and photons interact in a quantum environment to create a practical photonic device.This extended second edition includes a detailed description of the link between quantum photon states and the macroscopic electric field. It describes the particle qualities of quantum electrons via their unique operator algebra and distinguishable behavior from photons, and employs these fundamentals to describe the quantum point contact, which is the quantum analogue of a transistor and the basic building block of all nanoscopic circuits, such as electron interferometers.Pearsall’s Quantum Photonics is supported by numerous numerical calculations that can be repeated by the reader, and every chapter features a reference list of state-of-the art research and a set of exercises. This textbook is an essential part of any graduate-level course dealing with the theory of nanophotonic devices or computational physics of solid-state quantum devices based on nanoscopic structures.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Electrons.- Photons.- Free Electron Behaviour in Semiconductor Heterostructures.- Electronic Energy Levels in Crystalline Semiconductors.- The Harmonic Oscillator and Quantization of Electromagnetic Fields.- Entanglement and Non-locality of Quantum Photonics.- Lasers.- Quantum Cascade Lasers - a Concerto for Quantum Photonics.- Nonlinear Optics: Second-Harmonic Generation and Parametric Oscillation.- Coherent States – From Single Photons to Beams of Light.- Quantum Fermions.- Single Electron Building Blocks for Quantum Electron Circuits.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1: Introduction.- Chapter 2: Dynamically Tunable Long Wave Infared Detection.- Chapter 3: Frequency Modulation Based Infrared Detection.- Chapter 4: Dense Pixel Array Integration.- Chapter 5: Conclusion and Future.

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Book SynopsisPart 1: Introduction.- Chapter 1: Introduction To Nanoscale-Confined Propagating Polaritons.- Chapter 2: Experimental and Modelling Techniques.- Part 2 - Enabling Predictive Capabilities For HyperbolicPolaritons In Van Der Waals Materials.- Chapter 3: Dispersion of Polaritons In Biaxial Slabs.- Chapter 4: Infrared Permittivity Of ??-Moo3 From Near- And Far-Field Correlative Studies.- Part 3 - Anomalous Optical Phenomena At The Nanoscale In Strongly Anisotropic Media.- Chapter 5: Negative Reflection of Nanoscale-Confined Hyperbolic Polaritons.- Chapter 6: Anomalous Refraction And Lensing of Nanoscale- Confined Hyperbolic Polaritons.- Part 4 - Controlling, Directing And Guiding Hyperbolic Polaritons At The Nanoscale.- Chapter 7: Enabling Propagation of Hyperbolic Polaritons Along Forbidden Directions.- Chapter 8: Twist-Optics: Controlling The Propagation of Phonon Polaritons With Twisted Van Der Waals Stacks.- Chapter 9: Active Tuning of Hyperbolic Polaritons In Van Der Waals Materials By Integrating A Gated Graphene Layer.- Chapter 10: Twistable Polaritonics With In-Operando Rotatable Van Der Waals Bilayers.- Chapter 11: Conclusions and Outlook.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1: What is Light?.- Chapter 2: Geometrical Optics.- Chapter 3: Physical Optics.- Chapter 4: Fourier Optics.- Chapter 5: Light Polarization.- Chapter 6: Optical Beams and Resonators.- Chapter 7: Optical Waveguides.- Chapter 8: Optical Fibers.- Chapter 9: Introduction to Quantum Mechanics.- Chapter 10: Semiconductor Energy Bands.- Chapter 11: Optoelectronic Semiconductors.- Chapter 12: Semiconductor Light Sources.- Chapter 13: Optical Detectors.- Chapter 14: Optical Modulators.- Chapter 15: Optical Fiber Communication Systems.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1: Bimodal Systems.- Chapter 2: Optical Modes.- Chapter 3: Random Optical Modes.- Chapter 4: Quantum Bits.- Chapter 5: Quantum Information Processing.- Chapter 6: Photons.- Chapter 7: Single-Photon Optics.- Chapter 8: Biphoton Optics.- Chapter 9: Quantum Photonic Sensing.

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Book SynopsisTheoretical Background.- Probing Majorana Bound States via Quantum Dots in the Presence of Electron-Phonon Interaction.- Nonequilibrium Kondo Physics of a Quantum Dot Connected to Graphene Leads in the Presence of Magnetic Fields.- Optical Properties of Spherical Quantum Dots: Application of the Inversely Quadratic Hellmann Potential.

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Book SynopsisMagneto-optics describes in general any interaction between electromagnetic radiation and a material which is magnetized. The book gives a concise but comprehensive introduction to theory, calculus, and typical experimental set-up used in magneto-optics. It includes a variety of practice problems with detailed solutions. The focus lies on the spectral range between near-infrared and near ultraviolet light because it is easily accessible in experiment using standard quartz optics.

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