Nuclear issues Books
IAEA Approaches for Modelling of Radioecological Data
Book SynopsisThis publication was produced as part of the Working Group 4 of the IAEA Modelling and Data for Radiological Impact Assessments (MODARIA) programme, which focused on the analysis of radioecological data in IAEA Technical Reports Series publications to identify key radionuclides and associated parameter values for human and wildlife exposure assessment. The intent is to reduce uncertainties and to develop new approaches to strengthen the evaluation of the radiological impact to the public, as well as to flora and fauna, arising from radionuclides in the environment. The publication comprises two main sections. The first one considers prioritization approaches to identify the radionuclides and pathways that potentially contribute most to internal and external exposure to organisms in wildlife groups for different sources and exposure situations. The focus of the second section is the improvement of transfer parameter values for animal product data, namely cow and goat milk. Milk was selected as it often has a high priority in radiological environmental impact assessment. Examples of approaches that can be used to identify potentially important data gaps, illustrated using case studies are also presented. This publication is intended to provide Member States with technical information and data that can be used by their national authorities to develop and improve their models and approaches for radiological environmental impact assessment for facilities and activities.
£15.15
IAEA Management of Residues Containing Naturally
Book SynopsisThis Safety Guide provides recommendations on the establishment of an appropriate regulatory framework for the management of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) residues in an integrated manner and using a graded approach. It also elaborates on roles and responsibilities, options for management of NORM residues, long term safety of NORM residues, and exemption and clearance. The publication is targeted at regulatory bodies, operating organizations, technical support organizations and other parties who are interested and involved in management of NORM residues.
£35.10
IAEA Occupational Radiation Protection in the Uranium
Book SynopsisThis Safety Report has been developed as part of the IAEA programme on occupational radiation protection to provide for the application of its safety standards in implementing a graded approach to the protection of workers against exposures associated with uranium mining and processing. The publication describes the methods of production associated with the uranium industry and provides practical information on the radiological risks to workers in the exploration, mining and processing of uranium. It is a compilation of detailed information on uranium mining and processing stages and techniques, general radiation protection considerations in the relevant industry, general methodology applicable for control, monitoring and dose assessment, exposure pathways, and radiation protection programs for the range of commonly used mining and processing techniques.
£54.15
IAEA Challenges for Coolants in Fast Neutron Spectrum
Book SynopsisThis publication evaluates the different coolant options considered for nuclear applications with a fast neutron spectrum (i.e. fusion, fission and accelerators), compiles the latest information in the field and identifies research needs. In this study, systems cooled by light and heavy liquid metals, molten salts, as well as gas and water choices are analysed and discussed. This TECDOC documents the present state of knowledge in the area of fusion, fission and accelerator applications, and the major progress in methods and approaches made in the past years based on observations, experimental findings and operational experience. Moreover, it identifies knowledge gaps and addresses near term research and development efforts required to overcome them.
£15.15
IAEA Considerations for Environmental Impact
Book SynopsisThere is renewed interest in Member States in the development and deployment of small modular reactors (SMRs). Specific technical characteristics of this reactor type introduce new deployment possibilities. This publication provides current information on considerations about environmental impact assessments (EIAs) related to SMRs. Under many regulatory regimes, the EIA report is a prerequisite for licensing and an important tool to confirm that the potential site is suitable for the future construction and operation of a reactor. Therefore, this publication which discusses approaches to address specific issues related to the EIA for SMRs will be of use to technology holders and licensing authorities.
£20.08
IAEA Costing Methods and Funding Schemes for
Book SynopsisReliable methods for estimating the cost of a radioactive waste disposal programme are crucial to ensure that the necessary funding for completing the disposal programme is available. Estimating the cost for disposal is however a challenging and complex task. Disposal programmes themselves are complex and long-term undertakings and conditions can be expected to change significantly over the time-span during which a disposal programme is developed and implemented. This publication provides Member States with guidance on how to develop cost estimates for a disposal programme and on how to establish funding mechanisms. It will help readers in becoming informed clients by familiarizing themselves with the approaches and complexities in cost estimates and funding mechanisms for disposal. The publication is applicable to all waste categories and both near surface and geological disposal. It contains relevant examples and case studies from national programmes. The cost figures are intended to give an indication of the possible cost of certain parts or aspects of the disposal programme rather than to compare different disposal programmes’ costs.
£33.20
IAEA Establishing the Safety Infrastructure for a
Book SynopsisThis Safety Guide provides recommendations on the establishment of a framework for safety in accordance with the IAEA safety standards for States deciding on and preparing to embark on a nuclear power programme. In this regard, it proposes 197 safety related actions to be taken in the first three phases of the development of the nuclear power programme, to achieve the foundation for a high level of safety throughout the entire lifetime of the nuclear power plant (NPP). This includes safety in the construction, commissioning, and operation of the NPP and the associated management of radioactive waste and spent fuel, and safety in decommissioning. Thus, it contributes to the building of leadership and management for safety and of an effective safety culture and serves as guidance for self-assessment by all organizations involved in the development of a safety infrastructure.
£41.75
IAEA The Metallurgy of Zirconium, Volumes 1-3
Book SynopsisThis publication provides readers in industry and academia with a comprehensive review of the development and understanding of zirconium within the context of it use in nuclear reactors. It presents input from leading experts in the relevant fields and encompasses the full spectrum of zirconium as a metal, its properties and use. It is unique in the breadth of its scope. The publication's coverage includes: alloy development in the nuclear industry and guidelines on commercial alloys and alloys under development; extraction and consolidation of zirconium, from ore to ingot to component; deformation and texture of various alloys with analysis of the effects of irradiation damage on physical and mechanical behaviour as well as deformation and creep during irradiation and damage due to oxidation and corrosion; and ductility and fractures of alloys.
£117.90
IAEA Security of Radioactive Material in Use and
Book SynopsisThis new revision provides guidance to States and their competent authorities on how to establish or improve, implement, maintain and sustain the elements of the nuclear security regime related to radioactive material, associated facilities and activities, with particular emphasis on the development of regulatory requirements. The publication applies to the security of radioactive material in use or in storage as well as associated facilities and associated activities and assists Member States in their regimes against unauthorized removal of the radioactive material or sabotage performed with the intent to cause harmful radiological consequences.
£41.75
IAEA Exposure due to Radionuclides in Food Other than
Book SynopsisRadionuclides of both natural and human made origin exist throughout the environment. These radionuclides can be transferred to plants and animals that are consumed by humans, thereby resulting in exposure to ionizing radiation and an internal radiation dose. This Safety Report provides information on the observed distributions of concentrations of natural radionuclides in various food products, on the use of 'total diet' and other studies to assess ingestion doses, and on radionuclide concentrations in natural mineral waters. Different dose assessment methodologies are presented and the advantages and disadvantages of each is discussed, along with approaches used for managing non-radioactive contaminants in food. This publication is jointly sponsored by the IAEA, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the World Health Organization. It is intended to support Member States in the assessment and management of radionuclides in food, and the alignment of national policies with Requirement 51 of IAEA Safety Standards Series No. GSR.
£55.80
IAEA Application of Probabilistic Methods for the
Book SynopsisProbabilistic methods are increasingly being used to complement deterministic methods in assessing the safety and ensuring the reliability of research reactors. Addressing features specific to research reactors, this publication suggests a practical approach for the development and implementation of a project using probabilistic methods in terms of objective, scope, data and modelling, as well as the application of results to enhance safety and reliability. This publication is intended to be used by operating organizations, regulatory bodies and technical support organizations when performing or reviewing research reactor assessments in which probabilistic methods are applied. It will ideally be read in conjunction with relevant IAEA Safety Standards Series publications and technical guidelines for safety analysis, operation and maintenance, and component reliability data for research reactors.
£43.65
IAEA Specific Considerations in the Assessment of the
Book SynopsisThe assessment approach described in this publication provides a comprehensive means to determine the status of the infrastructure conditions relevant to all issues detailed in IAEA Nuclear Energy Series No. NP-T-5.1, Specific Considerations and Milestones for a Research Reactor Project. This approach can be used by any interested Member State for self-assessment to identify weaknesses and to determine the additional work needed to develop its national nuclear infrastructure for research reactor programme to an appropriate level. Member States planning to embark on both a research reactor programme and a nuclear power programme, may refer to this publication to ensure that the approach and methodology for the implementation of both programmes is harmonized, efficient and effective.
£30.35
IAEA Assessing National Economic Effects of Nuclear
Book SynopsisThis publication presents the outcomes of an IAEA coordinated research project on assessing the national economic effects of nuclear programmes in participating Member States. It provides a short description of the extended input–output model for sustainable power generation (EMPOWER), developed by the IAEA, and presents concise summaries of its applications. It further includes the results produced by the contributing research teams and summarizes general insights drawn from the national studies. The publication illustrates the state of the art of assessing macroeconomic impacts of nuclear energy programmes. It is expected to support further applications of advanced models to improve the understanding of macroeconomic and sectoral impacts of building and operating nuclear power plants
£15.15
IAEA Licensing Process for the Construction,
Book SynopsisThis Safety Report provides guidance, targeted towards States newly embarking upon a nuclear power plant programme, on the licensing process and associated procedures needed during for the construction, commissioning and operation stages of a nuclear power plant, so that the applicant complies with national regulations in line with the internationally recognized safety principles and requirements throughout these stages. The publication elaborates on the generic guidance provided in IAEA Safety Standards Series No. SSG-12, Licensing Process for Nuclear Installations, and gives supplementary practical guidance for nuclear power plants.
£33.20
IAEA Trends in Radiopharmaceuticals (ISTR-2019):
Book SynopsisThe use of radiopharmaceuticals is an important tool not only for management of diseases and dysfunctions, but also for better understanding human diseases and developing effective treatment options, such as in the case of neurology. In this context, there is concern of continuous, impressive progress in nuclear medicine which is linked to the development of new radiopharmaceuticals and efficient production of relevant radioisotopes. These proceedings highlight the main findings and developments discussed during the International Symposium on Trends in Radiopharmaceuticals. They cover the key issues and advances in the field of radiopharmaceuticals from development, production, and use of diagnostic, therapeutic, and theranostic radioisotopes and radiopharmaceuticals, as well as regulatory and licensing issues related to their production. Additional topics addressed were education, certification and training methodologies. A supplementary file contains the detailed programme of the symposium and the abstracts of all oral and poster presentations.
£26.55
IAEA Use of Periodic Safety Review for Long Term
Book SynopsisA periodic safety review is considered an effective way to obtain an overview of nuclear power plant safety. It is also used to determine reasonable and practicable modifications to maintain a high level of safety during continued operation, and to justify operation of a nuclear power plant beyond the original time frame. The review considers life limiting processes and features of structures, systems and components important to safety, and whether there are any foreseeable circumstances that could endanger the safe operation of the nuclear power plant. This publication addresses the scope of assessment, methods and applicable criteria within the periodic safety review and long term operation programmes framework, to support decision making for long term operation of nuclear power plants.
£38.90
IAEA Environmental Transfer of Radionuclides in Japan
Book SynopsisThe publication focuses on radioecologjcal experience and data acquired and lessons learned in Japan following the nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in March 2011. The publication brings together outcomes of the extensive studies, done by Japanese scientists and their colleagues from other countries, on characterization of radioecological transfer parameters in the terrestrial and aquatic environments of Japan affected by radionuclides released in the accident. The Japan specific data are systematically presented and compared to the global experience gained from the earlier nuclear accidents, military or industrial activities. Climate, landscape, agriculture and food processing practices, lifestyle and national dietary customs are shown as factors influencing transfer of radionuclides through the environment and human food chains. The publication summarizes country specific experience and puts it into existing global radioecological contexts.
£15.15
IAEA Case Study on Assessment of Radiological
Book SynopsisAs an integral part of the International Project on Innovative Nuclear Reactors and Fuel Cycles (INPRO), several collaborative projects were established by its members. The IAEA/INPRO Collaborative Project on Environmental Impact Benchmarking Applicable for Nuclear Energy Systems under Normal Operation (ENV) was one of them. This publication is the outcome of the ENV summarising results developed under this project by the groups of national experts. It presents a set of examples of different approaches for estimating environmental impact from nuclear power plants (NPPs) under normal operation conditions in different countries based on participants' experience and considering the IAEA Safety Standard on a generic framework for consideration of radiological environmental impact. It also contributes to the development of a common understanding in assessing releases from new NPPs and associated activities in terms of the radiation dose to members of the public. This publication will contribute to further improvement of the INPRO methodology and can help Member States applying it to perform a nuclear energy system assessment in the area of environmental impact of stressors.
£15.15
IAEA Detection at State Borders of Nuclear and Other
Book SynopsisDetection of nuclear security events involving nuclear and other radioactive material out of regulatory control is an important challenge facing States. Timely detection of this material can reduce the risk of it being used in criminal or intentional unauthorized acts. This publication provides guidance for States on planning, implementing and evaluating nuclear security detection systems and measures at State borders. Special consideration is given to designated points of entry and exit and border areas. National competent authorities such as the border guard, customs authorities, national or local law enforcement agencies and regulatory bodies will find this guidance useful for developing, designing, implementing, and sustaining detection systems and measures at State borders.
£46.50
IAEA Geochemical and Mineralogical Characterization of
Book SynopsisNew geochemical and mineralogical data from research conducted under the IAEA coordinated research project entitled Geochemical and Mineralogical Characterization of Uranium and Thorium Deposits has resulted in a better understanding of the genesis of uranium and thorium mineralization. This publication presents a summary of the research and selected papers from the project’s partners. The results are expected to enhance exploration programmes, resource evaluation and sustainable supply of uranium and thorium for peaceful purposes.
£14.36
IAEA Research Reactor Exercises for Higher Education
Book SynopsisProviding a comprehensive overview of the utilization of research reactors for education purposes in an academic environment, this compendium is intended to provide practical guidelines for the development of research reactor exercises to be integrated into education programmes in nuclear science and technology. It will prove useful to all Member States developing nuclear capacity building for existing and new national research reactor programmes. Member States planning to embark on both a research reactor programme and a nuclear power programme, may refer to this publication to ensure that the approach and methodology for the implementation of both programmes is harmonized, efficient and effective from the perspective of capacity building development.
£18.95
IAEA Safe Use of Smart Devices in Systems Important to
Book SynopsisWith rapidly advancing digital technologies, smart devices are increasingly used in nuclear power plants. These smart devices can be implemented as separate or standalone field components or embedded as components in other equipment or systems and can be used to increase plant reliability, enhance safe operation and improve testing and monitoring functions. However, the use of smart devices may potentially introduce new hazards, vulnerabilities and failure modes. The safety aspects and design criteria associated with the safe use of industrial commercial smart devices in systems important to safety considered in this publication include: functional suitability and the evidence required to demonstrate this suitability, quality, qualification, the consideration of certification by non-nuclear organizations using non-nuclear standards, and aspects affecting integration of the smart device into existing systems in order to ensure that the smart device will retain its suitability for the required lifetime.
£37.00
IAEA Member States' Experiences and Insights from
Book SynopsisThe ability of the nuclear industry to continue to operate safely, securely and reliably during special circumstances such as a pandemic is essential and depends upon the effectiveness of its preparation, response and recovery plans as well as the ability of relevant organizations to adapt and respond to unforeseen situations. The purpose of this publication is to share experience with regard to managing and regulating facilities and activities during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to assist Member States in considering further actions to improve preparedness and response in relation to the ongoing pandemic and any future ones. The effective sharing of operating and regulatory experience is intended to have a positive influence on the response to, and recovery from, such global events. This publication is therefore written for operating organizations, regulatory bodies, competent authorities, research and technical support organizations, contractors and vendors.
£41.75
IAEA Development of Steady State Compact Fusion
Book SynopsisFusion neutron sources have many important practical uses, such as irradiation testing of materials and components, facilitating the production of various isotopes such as tritium, driving subcritical cores, characterizing spent nuclear fuel, and manufacturing medical isotopes. All these applications can be potentially improved by achieving higher neutron yields and fluxes in compact fusion neutron sources (CFNSs). This publication is a compilation arising from an IAEA coordinated research project on this topic and presents the project's main results and findings with the aim of supporting stakeholders in the development of CFNSs in the transition from conceptual to engineering design.
£15.15
IAEA Assessment of Radioactive Contamination and
Book SynopsisRadiological environmental impact assessment models are important tools for public and environmental protection, for example, in planning measures to be taken in the event of accidental releases. This publication was developed to report on results from international model validation exercises conducted within the IAEA's MODARIA I programme to test and improve the modelling for predictions used for environmental transfer and dose assessment in urban areas. Model exercises were focused on: contamination densities and activity concentrations in air following short range atmospheric dispersion and deposition events; prediction of atmospheric dispersion and application of decision support systems under complex meteorological and topographic conditions; and expected reductions in ambient dose rates and activity concentrations due to protective actions following a nuclear accident. The report builds on past IAEA publications and provides relevant examples for use in strengthening the global nuclear safety framework as part of emergency preparedness and response planning following a nuclear or radiological emergency.
£15.15
IAEA Accessible Technologies for the Verification of
Book SynopsisAs well as the application to food irradiation, nuclear techniques can be used in the detection of contaminants and the verification of the origins and authenticity of food. This publication presents the findings of a joint FAO/IAEA coordinated research project (CRP) on utilizing isotope and trace element analysis, and other complementary analytical techniques, to characterize the origin of authentic milk and dairy products sampled by the participating institutes. The purpose of the CRP was to develop a methodology to implement a sustainable system for the independent verification of the claimed origin of food. Questions concerning origin are among the first to be asked when a food safety incident arises. The results of the project described in this publication will assist Member States to better communicate the qualities and origin related attributes, or terroir, of different food commodities. In addition, verifying the origin of food can help to prevent fraud and thereby reduce barriers to trade and protect and promote added-value products with a strong regional or national identity.
£15.15
IAEA Managing Human Resources in the Field of Nuclear
Book SynopsisThis publication provides guidance on the management of human resources in the field of nuclear energy. It considers this issue at both the individual and organizational level, and the development of an appropriate human resource management (HRM) strategy. It elaborates on ten key HR processes concerning the management of individual employees, as well as the four broader organizational issues – organizational and safety culture, stakeholder engagement, diversity and inclusion, and change management – to which they relate. It describes the importance of having a correct HRM strategy is in place, together with the right level of competent resources, effective processes, and procedures, to support the needs of nuclear organizations.
£32.25
IAEA The Environmental Behaviour of Uranium
Book SynopsisThis publication is one of the series of IAEA publications on the environmental behaviour of naturally occurring radionuclides. It outlines uranium behaviour in different environments, as well as its transfer to, and metabolism in, humans. The publication also provides concepts, models and data required for the assessment of the impacts of uranium on non-human biota. Assessing the environmental and health effects of uranium poses specific challenges because of the combination of different types of hazard and potential exposures. Therefore, both the radiotoxicity and chemical toxicity of uranium are considered in this publication.
£63.65
IAEA Applicability of IAEA Safety Standards to
Book SynopsisIn response to an increase in global activities related to non-water-cooled reactors and small modular reactors, this new Safety Report documenting areas of novelty of these technologies when compared to the current fleet of reactors has been developed. The impact of these areas of novelty on the applicability and completeness of the IAEA safety standards is assessed in the publication. Gaps and areas for additional consideration are identified. The review undertaken to develop this report encompassed the safety standards related to the lifetime of these reactor technologies. The publication also considers the interface between safety, security, and safeguards in the design of these technologies.
£62.10
IAEA Management of Depleted Uranium Used as Shielding
Book SynopsisIn the context of the safe management of disused sealed radioactive sources, an important and emerging issue of immediate concern is the management of depleted uranium (DU) contained in radiation shielding materials, as potential radioactive waste. This publication presents relevant information on technical issues and factors, as well as specific Member State experiences leading to the identification of potential options for the management of DU shields. Various options for safe, secure and cost-effective solutions have been explored, ranging from returning to manufacturer, including reuse, recycling, storage and disposal in licensed facilities.
£39.85
IAEA Status and Trends in Spent Fuel and Radioactive
Book SynopsisThis publication provides a global overview of the status of spent fuel and radioactive waste management programmes, inventories, current practices, technologies and trends. It presents information on national arrangements for the management of spent fuel and radioactive waste, and on current waste and spent fuel inventories and their future estimates. Achievements, challenges and trends in the management of spent fuel and radioactive waste are also addressed. This second edition has been developed with a basis of national profiles submitted by Member States, complemented with openly available Joint Convention National Reports. The data reported are fully dependent on the input from the States and by the assumptions made to transform these data into the waste classes defined in IAEA Safety Standards Series No. GSG?1, Classification of Radioactive Waste.
£28.45
IAEA National Nuclear Security Threat Assessment,
Book SynopsisThe identification and assessment of threats provides an essential basis for the selection, design, and implementation of nuclear security measures. For nuclear material and other radioactive material that is under regulatory control, and associated facilities and activities, the results of this identification and assessment are expressed as a design basis threat or representative threat statement describing the intentions and capabilities of potential adversaries against which the materials and associated facilities and activities are to be protected. An Implementing Guide was issued in 2009 under the title of Development, Use and Maintenance of the Design Basis Threat which was updated and revised. The result of this revision is the current publication. It provides a step?bystep methodology for conducting a national nuclear security threat assessment including both physical and computer security aspects, and for the development, use and maintenance of design basis threats and representative threat statements.
£26.55
IAEA Application of the Concept of Clearance
Book SynopsisProviding recommendations on the application of the concept of clearance for materials, objects and buildings that are to be released from regulatory control, this publication supports the application of the relevant requirements of IAEA Safety Standards Series No. GSR Part 3. It includes detail on the regulatory framework for clearance; the clearance process; the derivation of clearance levels; the application of clearance to solid materials, liquids and gases; generic clearance and specific clearance using activity concentration and surface contamination clearance levels. It also provides recommendations on the involvement of interested parties. Written for governmental officials, and those working for regulatory bodies and operating organizations, this publication will also be of interest to technical service providers in radiation protection. The recommendations provided are applicable to facilities that use, manufacture, process or store radioactive material, such as nuclear power plants, research reactors, other nuclear fuel cycle facilities, facilities for the management of radioactive waste, industrial plants, medical facilities, research facilities, educational facilities and accelerators. The recommendations in this publication also apply to industries processing materials containing radionuclides of natural origin and to the management of material originating from remediation activities or from post- emergency situations.
£53.20
IAEA Application of the Concept of Exemption
Book SynopsisIntended for use by government officials, and those working for regulatory bodies and operating organizations, this publication will assist in the application of IAEA Safety Standards Series No. GSR Part 3 in relation to the concept of exemption of practices or sources within practices from regulatory control. It addresses the application of a graded approach to the concept of exemption through the use of generic exemption and specific exemption. It explains the concept of exclusion and its relationship to exemption and clearance. The recommendations provided in this publication are applicable to all facilities and activities that use, manufacture, process, trade or store radioactive sources or material containing either natural or artificial radionuclides. The Safety Guide primarily addresses exemption from regulatory control in planned exposure situations. Although, the concept of exemption is only applicable to planned exposure situations, guidance on the application of a screening approach for decision making in managing certain existing exposure situations is also provided.
£41.75
IAEA A Decade of Progress After the Fukushima Daiichi
Book SynopsisFollowing the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, the lAEA and wider international community, sought to assist the Japanese authorities manage the response. Within the context of continuous improvement and work to ensure the safety of nuclear facilities globally, the nuclear community gathered for this conference to review and assess lessons learned and actions taken, as well as to identify ways to further strengthen nuclear safety. This publication contains the President's Report and a summary of the technical sessions and policy discussions that took place during the conference. Conclusions of the conference are also summarised.
£33.20
IAEA Enhancing National Safeguards Infrastructure to
Book SynopsisThe decision to establish a nuclear power programme is a significant undertaking by any country. Such a decision should be based on a commitment by the government to use nuclear power safely, securely and peacefully. This commitment requires establishing a sustainable national infrastructure including robust safeguards infrastructure supporting the functions of the State system of accounting for and control of nuclear material (SSAC). The IAEA has developed the Milestones Approach to help Member States embarking on nuclear power to plan and develop the necessary infrastructure in a phased way. Safeguards is one of the 19 infrastructure issues described in the Milestones Approach. The primary objective of this publication is to provide guidance and references for safeguards related activities that need to be carried out during each of the three phases of nuclear power infrastructure development in line with the nuclear power programme implementation. This publication includes several case studies from different countries on how they developed their national safeguards infrastructure to meet the requirements of their nuclear power programmes.
£35.10
IAEA Attribution of Radiation Health Effects and
Book SynopsisThis Safety Report explains how the concepts of attribution of health effects and inference of risks can be taken into account in the application of IAEA safety standards, so as to implement them more effectively. In particular, this publication demonstrates explicitly what the relevant provisions of the safety standards are for high and moderate levels of exposure where health effects might be able to be attributed to the exposure, and for low and very low levels of exposure where risks can only be inferred. This Safety Report also aims to support more effective communication by clarifying the proper use of certain concepts detailed in the safety standards and plain language explanations of the concepts of attribution of effects and inference of risk are provided.
£43.65
IAEA The Radiological Incident in Hueypoxtla
Book SynopsisIn the early morning of 2 December 2013, a vehicle transporting a radiotherapy machine head containing a category 1, cobalt-60 radioactive source was stolen, resulting in radiation exposure to members of the public. This publication provides information about the circumstances of the incident and the response actions taken by the Mexican authorities, including dose assessments performed to identify the individuals exposed. The publication also describes the actions taken by the IAEA. Observations and lessons identified are presented.
£19.90
IAEA Vendor and User Requirements and Responsibilities
Book SynopsisNuclear cogeneration to produce electricity and process heat for nonelectric applications such as desalination, district heating or cooling or hydrogen production can play an important role in reducing dependence on fossil fuels. The implementation of nuclear cogeneration projects is inherently complex and such projects require a clear understanding of actions and responsibilities during the design, operation and management phases. This publication focuses on analysing the requirements and responsibilities of users and vendors and correspondence between them through the life cycle to of a nuclear cogeneration project, highlighting experience and lessons learned from retrofit and new build projects.
£38.90
IAEA Nuclear Power Reactors in the World
Book SynopsisThis is the 43rd edition of Reference Data Series No. 2, which presents the most recent reactor data available to the IAEA. It contains summarized information as of the end of 2022 on power reactors operating, under construction and shut down as well as performance data on reactors operating in the IAEA Member States. The information is collected through designated national correspondents in the Member States and the data are used to maintain the IAEA's Power Reactor Information System (PRIS).
£18.95
IAEA Energy, Electricity and Nuclear Power Estimates
Book SynopsisThe 43rd edition of Reference Data Series No. 1 contains estimates of energy, electricity, and nuclear power trends up to the year 2050. The publication considers the prospects of new capacity additions, retirements and long term operation of existing units. The 2022 capacity and production data is taken from Nuclear Power Reactors in the World, Reference Data Series No. 2, IAEA, Vienna (2023). RDS-1 is organized into world and regional subsections, with global and regional nuclear power projections presented as low and high cases, encompassing the uncertainties inherent in projecting trends. The low case assumes a continuation of current market and technology trends leading to a modest increase in in global nuclear capacity to 458 GWe by 2050. The high case assumes a more favourable context and leads to a more than doubling of global nuclear power capacity to 890 GWe by 2050. Despite the increasing recognition of nuclear power's role in climate change mitigation and energy security improvement, the current pace of nuclear power development shows that urgent actions would be needed to maintain the existing role of nuclear power in the energy mix, involving a broad range of actors including policy makers, the nuclear industry, the financing community, and international organizations, along with active engagement with the public.
£19.90
IAEA Recruitment, Qualification and Training of
Book SynopsisThis Safety Guide identifies the main objectives and responsibilities of the operating organization for the recruitment, qualification and training of personnel for new and existing nuclear power plants to establish and maintain a high level of competence of personnel and to ensure safe operation of the nuclear power plant. This publication can also be used as a guide for the recruitment, training and qualification of personnel for nuclear installations other than nuclear power plants.
£26.55
IAEA Intercomparison of k0-NAA Software Packages
Book SynopsisThis publication presents the results of an IAEA organized intercomparison exercise on codes used in the application of the. Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) k0 method. NAA is the most common technique implemented in research reactors worldwide. It allows the determination of the elemental composition of samples weighing from micrograms to kilograms. The k0 method for NAA has greatly facilitated the implementation of NAA at new facilities. It allows for the determination of elemental mass fractions, together with their uncertainties, without the need for sample-matched reference materials. As a consequence, various software packages for the application of this method have been developed. In 2021, the IAEA initiated, an intercomparison exercise of k0 software packages, in which the software contributions to the uncertainty budget was determined. The developers of all known k0 software packages were invited to participate, and all but one of the invited packages were represented in the exercise, including the two widely available codes and three codes developed in particular institutes for their own purposes.
£18.95
IAEA Conduct of Operations at Nuclear Power Plants
Book SynopsisAimed primarily at operating organizations of nuclear power plants (NPPs) and regulatory bodies, this Safety Guide provides specific recommendations to ensure that operations in NPPs are conducted in a safe, effective, thorough and professional manner. It identifies the main responsibilities and operating practices in relation to such safe operation. The structure of the operations department, which is the part of the operating organization responsible for the conduct of operations of an NPP is addressed. Also addressed are the setting of high standards of performance and making safety related decisions in an effective manner, conducting control room activities in a thorough and professional manner and maintaining a nuclear power plant within the established operational limits and conditions.
£30.35
IAEA Status of Molten Salt Reactor Technology
Book SynopsisWritten to assist individuals in academia and industry and in relevant regulatory and policy roles, this publication provides a summary of the current knowledge on the status of research, technological developments, reactor designs and experiments in the area of advanced reactors that are fuelled or cooled by a molten salt. Identification of challenges and areas where research and development are still required in preparation for commercial deployment gives context to current and planned work. The aim of this publication is to share information on programmes and projects on molten salt reactors in Member States which will shape future collaborative efforts.
£68.40
IAEA Compliance Assurance for the Safe Transport of
Book SynopsisThe transport of radioactive material is an essential activity worldwide. To ensure the protection and safety of people, property and the environment, appropriate regulations for the safe transport of radioactive material, both at the national level and at the international level, are necessary. Competent authorities regulate the transport of radioactive material through the application of national regulations, which should be consistent with relevant international regulations. This Safety Guide provides recommendations on actions that competent authorities should take to ensure compliance with the applicable regulations for the safe transport of radioactive material.
£41.75
IAEA Managing the Decommissioning and Remediation of
Book SynopsisAs part of the Action Plan on Nuclear Safety, the IAEA led the International Project on Managing the Decommissioning and Remediation of Damaged Nuclear Facilities (DAROD Project). The DAROD Project focuses on providing practical guidance for the decommissioning and remediation of accident damaged nuclear facilities based on case studies of actual damaged facilities and lessons learned. This publication summarizes the outcomes of the DAROD Project. It is intended for regulatory bodies, operating organizations, technical support organizations and governmental officials who are involved in the decommissioning and remediation of nuclear facilities damaged after an accident or owing to a legacy deterioration.
£15.15
IAEA Use of a Graded Approach in the Application of
Book SynopsisThis Safety Guide considers the application of a graded approach throughout the lifetime of a research reactor (site evaluation, design, construction, commissioning, operation and preparation for decommissioning), including utilization and experiments that are specific features of research reactor operation. A major aspect of this Safety Guide involves the use of a graded approach in the application of the safety requirements for the design and operation of research reactors, so that the fundamental safety objective to protect people and the environment from harmful effects of ionizing radiation is achieved. It is intended for use by operating organizations, regulatory bodies and other organizations involved in the design, construction and operation of research reactors. This Safety Guide is a revision of IAEA Safety Standards Series No. SSG-22, which it supersedes.
£41.75
