Neurosciences Books

Book SynopsisThe idea for the present volume grew from discussions that the four of us had among ourselves and with our colleagues at recent scientific meetings. All of us were impressed by the wealth of empirical data that was being generated by investigators interested in brain damage and recovery from both behavioral and biological orientations. Nevertheless, we were concerned about the relative paucity of attempts to evaluate the data provided by new technologies in more than a narrow context or to present new theories or reexamine time-honored ideas in the light of new findings. We recognized that science is guided by new technologies, by hard data, and by theories and ideas. Yet we were forced to conclude that, although investi gators were often anxious to publicize new methods and empirical fmdings, the same could not be said about broad hypotheses, underlying concepts, or in ferences Table of Contents1 Toward a Definition of Recovery of Function.- 1. The Problem Defined.- 2. Definitions of Recovery of Function.- 3. Recovery or Behavioral Sparing?.- 4. Recovery or Compensation?.- 5. Recovery as Absolute and Inferential.- 6. Mechanisms of Recovery.- 7. Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 2 Neural System Imbalances and the Consequence of Large Brain Injuries.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Subtotal Lesions.- 2.1. Normalization and Recovery of Function.- 2.2. Some Limitations.- 3. Complete Lesions.- 3.1. Recovery without Normalization.- 3.2. The Nature of the Behavioral Deficit.- 3.3. Some Supporting Data.- 3.4. The Chronic Consequence of Large Injuries.- 4. Conclusions.- References.- 3 Bases of Inductions of Recoveries and Protections from Amnesias.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Training Effects.- 3. Drug Effects.- 4. Memory and Remembering.- 5. Controversial Issues.- References.- 4 Neural Spare Capacity and the Concept of Diaschisis: Functional and Evolutionary Models.- 1. Introduction.- 1.1. Intimations of Spare Capacity.- 1.2. Do Large Ablations More Readily Reveal Spare Capacity?.- 1.3. Evolutionary and Functional Puzzle of Spare Capacity.- 2. The Elements of Brain Information Processing Are Diffuse Domains.- 2.1. Unrealistic Aspects of Machine Metaphors and the Bugaboo Mosaic.- 2.2. Diffuse Domains Are Adequate for Maintaining Distinctions: A Metaphor of the Brain as an Immense Set of Counters.- 2.3. Von Monakow’s Concept of Diaschisis.- 2.4. Experimental Studies of Diaschisis.- 2.5. Diaschisis in the Model.- 2.6. Implications of the Model for Understanding Early Brain Damage.- 3. Error and Reliability when Large Numbers of Subsystems Interact.- 3.1. Introduction to Neuroeconomics: Costs and Benefits in the Natural Selection of Spare Neural Capacity.- 3.2. Two Types of Safety Factor: Reiteration (Redundancy) and Aiming High.- 3.3. Numerical Demonstration of the Importance of the Reiterative Safety Factor.- 3.4. Implications of the Numerical Demonstration for Ablation Research.- 3.5. Reiterations Are Unlikely to Comprise Large, Complex Units.- 3.6. Relevance of Research on Brain Size for the Safety Factor Hypothesis.- 3.7. Implications when There Is Additional Loss of Tissue.- 4. Five Possible Nonneural Preadaptations for Safety Factor.- 4.1. Developmental Heterochrony.- 4.2. The Head as a Releaser of Imprinting at Birth.- 4.3. The Visual Proportions of Infants as Affectional Releasers.- 4.4. A Large Head on a Large Body Is Fearsome rather than Cute.- 4.5. Surface/Volume Ratio in Thermoregulation.- 5. An Important Implication of Nonneural Natural Selection Factors for Neural Information Processing, Diaschisis, and Recovery.- 6. Summary.- References.- 5 Kurt Goldstein and Recovery of Function.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Methodological Assumptions and Empirical Origins.- 3. Theoretical Approach.- 4. Localization.- 5. Psychological Deficits following Brain Damage.- 6. Psychological Testing of Brain-Damaged Patients.- 7. Recovery and Rehabilitation.- 8. Significance for Neuropsychology.- References.- 6 Assumptions about the Brain and Its Recovery from Damage.- 1. Mechanisms of Brain Function.- 2. MacLean and the Triune Brain.- 3. Multiple Functions of Neural Systems.- 4. The Effects of Damage.- 4.1. Are Any Changes “Absolute”?.- 4.2. Motivational Changes following Brain Damage.- 5. Secondary Effects of Brain Damage.- 6. Residual Visual Abilities.- 7. The Extent of Stroke-Induced Damage.- References.- 7 Mass Action and Equipotentiality Reconsidered.- 1. Introduction and Historical Roots.- 2. Do We Need Mass Action and Equipotentiality?.- 2.1. Principles of Cortical Function.- 2.2. Principles of Behavior.- 3. Evidence of Recovery and Nonrecovery.- 3.1. Distinguishing between Getting Better and Recovery.- 3.2. Examining the Evidence for “Recovery of Function”.- 3.3. Recovery, Mass Action, and Equipotentiality.- 4. Conclusions.- References.- 8 Margaret Kennard and Her “Principle” in Historical Perspective.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Education and Background.- 3. Lesion Development and Motor Function.- 4. Historical Antecedents.- 5. Deficits following Early Lesions.- 6. Theoretical Formulations.- 7. Serial Lesions.- 8. Other Pursuits and Later Contributions.- 9. Conclusions.- References.- 9 Infant Brain Injury: The Benefit of Relocation and the Cost of Crowding.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Relocation of Speech.- 2.1. The Phenomenon.- 2.2. Two Necessary Conditions for Speech Relocation.- 2.3. The Cost of Relocation: Crowding of Functions.- 2.4. Conclusions.- 3. Relocation of Functions and Crowding in Animals.- 3.1. Hemispheric Specialization and Asymmetry.- 3.2. Bilateral Brain Injury and Relocation.- 3.3. Infant Lesions and Compound Cue Discriminations.- 4. Some Final Comments.- References.- 10 Arguments against Redundant Brain Structures.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Too Much Brain.- 3. Neuronal Redundancy during Infancy.- 4. Restatement of Problem.- 5. The Motor System.- 6. The Visual System.- 7. The Auditory System.- 8. The Somatosensory System.- 9. Autonomic Functions.- 10. Comment.- References.- 11 Another Look at Vicariation.- 1. Vicariation: Relationship to Localization of Function.- 2. What Is Recovery?.- 3. Vicariation and Other Theories of Recovery.- 4. Attempts to Locate Recovered Function.- 5. Changing Concepts of Brain Function and Another Look at Vicariation.- 6. Conclusions.- References.- 12 Hughlings Jackson’s Theory of Localization and Compensation.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Some Aspect of Jackson’s Role in the Development of Modern Neurology.- 3. Jackson’s Theory of Localization and Its Derivative: Compensation.- 4. Critique: Historical and Contemporary.- 4.1. Time Frames.- 4.2. The Motor Model.- References.- 13 The Parcellation Theory and Alterations in Brain Circuitry after Injury.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Invasion.- 3. Overlap of Connections Is a Feature of Primitive and Developing Brains.- 4. Ontogenetic Parcellation.- 5. Cytodiversification.- 6. Experimentally Induced Sprouting and Accidental Brain Injury.- 7. Conclusion.- References.- 14 Trophic Hypothesis of Neuronal Cell Death and Survival.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Key Terms and Concepts.- 3. The Neuronotrophic Factor Hypothesis.- 4. Nerve Growth Factor: Its Presence and Competence in the CNS.- 5. Nerve Growth Factor’s Functional Roles in the CNS.- 6. Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 15 Sensory Cortical Reorganization following Peripheral Nerve Injury.- 1. Somatotopic Order in the Primary Somatosensory Cortex.- 2. Control of Somatotopic Order.- 3. Acetylcholine as a Permissive Agent for Neuronal Plasticity.- 4. Neuronal Responses following Deafferentation.- 5. The Effects of Acetylcholine on Neurons in Normal Somatosensory Cortex.- 6. Cellular Mechanisms.- 7. The Hypothesis.- 8. Summary.- References.- 16 Is Dendritic Proliferation of Surviving Neurons a Compensatory Response to Loss of Neighbors in the Aging Brain?.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Aging Brain.- 3. Regressive Influences.- 4. Balance of Influences.- References.- 17 Practical and Theoretical lssues in the Use of Fetal Brain Tissue Transplants to Promote Recovery from Brain Injury.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Specificity of Neural Connections between Host and Transplant Tissue.- 2.1. Some New Experimental Tests of Transplant Specificity.- 2.2. Are Transplants Morphologically “Normal”?.- 2.3. Is Homologous Embryonic Tissue Required to Obtain Recovery?.- 3. Is There a Critical Postoperative Period for Transplant Effectiveness?.- 4. Do Trophic Factors Play a Role in Transplant-Induced Recovery?.- 4.1. Recovery Seems to Persist when Transplants Are Removed.- 4.2. Do Transplants Release or Stimulate the Production of Trophic Substances?.- 4.3. Glial Cells May Play an Important Role in Transplant-Mediated Functional Recovery.- 5. Systemic Injections of Trophic Factors Can also Promote Functional Recovery.- 6. Problems and Risks in Using Embryonic Brain Tissue Grafts for the Treatment of Brain Injury.- 7. Conclusions.- References.- 18 Functional Electrical Stimulation and Its Application for the Rehabilitation of Neurologically Injured Individuals.- 1. Early History of Electrical Stimulation in Medicine.- 2. Recent History of Functional Electrical Stimulation for Patient Therapy in Spinal Cord Injury.- 3. Functional Electrical Stimulation.- 4. An Isokinetic Muscle Exerciser for Strength Training.- 5. An Aerobic Exercise Bicycle for Endurance Training.- 6. Physiological Changes and Physical Conditioning Responses to FES-Induced Active Physical Therapy.- 6.1. Background Information.- 6.2. Functional Electrical Stimulation as a Therapeutic Modality.- 6.3. Cardiovascular Responses.- 6.4. Thermoregulatory Responses.- 6.5. Muscular Response.- 7. Functional Electrical Stimulation and Walking.- 8. Summary.- References.- 19 Recovery of Language Disorders: Homologous Contralateral or Connected Ipsilateral Compensation?.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Right Hemisphere Compensation.- 3. Ipsilateral Structural Compensation.- 4. Factors in Recovery from Aphasia.- 4.1. Initial Severity.- 4.2. Time from Onset.- 4.3. Etiology.- 4.4. Lesion Size.- 5. Variations in Language Laterality and Anatomic Asymmetry.- 6. Conclusions.- References.- 20 Sensory Substitution and Recovery from “Brain Damage”.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Sensory Substitution.- 2.1. Vision Substitution.- 2.2. Tactile Auditory Substitution.- 2.3. Cutaneous Sensory Substitution in Leprosy Patients.- 2.4. Braille and Sign Language.- 2.5. Electromyographic Sensory Feedback.- 3. Physiological Considerations.- 3.1. Peripheral Factors.- 3.2. Central Nervous System Factors.- 4. Perceptual Considerations.- 5. Practical Considerations.- 6. Conclusions.- References.- 21 Emotion and Motivation in Recovery and Adaptation after Brain Damage.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Arousal, Emotion, and Motivation after Brain Damage.- 3. Some Clinical Examples of the Importance of Emotion and Motivation in Recovery after Brain Damage.- 4. The Problem of Motivation in Neurological Rehabilitation and the Limits of the Damaged Neurological System.- 5. The Relative Importance of Frontal Lobe Injury versus Temporal Lobe Injury for Recovery of Emotional and Motivational Deficits.- 6. A Note about Awareness and Its Importance in Psychiatric and Neurologically Oriented Therapies.- 7. Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 22 Recovery of Function: Sources of Controversy.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Assessing the Functional Organization of the Brain.- 3. Variability and the Concept of “Normative” Performance.- 4. Multiple Brain Changes and Causality.- 5. Recovery and the Null Hypothesis.- 6. Conclusions.- References.

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Book SynopsisThe Color Atlas of Xenopus laevis Histology provides the first central source on the microscopic anatomy of cells, tissues, and major organs of the adult South African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis.Table of ContentsPreface. 1. Basic Tissues. Epithelial Tissue. Connective Tissue. Muscular Tissue. Nervous Tissue. 2. Cardiovascular System. Blood Vessels. Heart. 3. Lymphatic Organs. Diffuse Lymphoid Tissue. Lymph Node. Spleen. 4. Digestive Organs. Stomach. Small Intestine. Colon. Liver. Gall Bladder. Pancreas. 5. Respiratory System. Nasal Cavity. Trachea. Lungs. 6. Urinary System. Kidney. Ureter. Urinary Bladder. 7. Endocrine Organs. Pituitary Gland. Pineal Gland. Thyroid Gland. Adrenal (Interrenal) Gland. 8. Reproductive Organs. Ovary. Oviduct. Testes. 9. Integument. Epidermis. Dermis. Glands. Lateral Line Organ. 10. Cranial Structures. Overview of Cranial Structures. Oral Cavity. Epiglottis. Esophagus. Nasal Cavity. Brain. Middle and Inner Ear. Eye and Associated Structures. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis text is the written form of the proceedings of a satellite symposium associated with the 1988-meeting of the Society for Neu roscience. The symposium was held 12 November 1988 in the auditor ium of the Addictions Research Foundation, Toronto, Canada. The ac tual writing took place across the months following the symposium. The symposium was sponsored by the Addictions Research Foundation, Toronto, Canada, the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, U. S. A. , and Rensselaer, Troy, NY, U. S. A. Du Pont Pharmaceuticals provided some financial assistance. Contributors also received specific support for their own projects and these are ac knowledged at the end of each chapter. The accomplishment of science involves the efforts of many persons and their organizations. That is surely manifest in the work presented here. Modern science is very expensive and, consequentlTable of ContentsSection 1 Background.- 1 Obesity, Anorexia Nervosa, and Bulimia: A General Overview.- 2 Alcohol-Abuse and Alcoholism.- 3 The Endogenous Opioidergic Systems.- 4 Opioids’ Modification of Central Reward Processes.- Section 2 Opioids and Ingestion.- 5 Basic Mechanisms of Opioids’ Effects on Eating and Drinking.- 6 Feeding Modified by Central Applications of Opioids.- Section 3 Using Opioid-Antagonists in Treating Bulimia.- 7 Naltrexone and Bulimia: Initial Observations.- 8 Using Drugs to Manage Binge-Eating Among Obese and Normal Weight Patients.- Section 4 Opioids and AA&A, Preclinical Studies.- 9 Opioids Modulate Rats’ Intakes of Alcoholic Beverages.- 10 Opioids Modulate Rats’ Reactivities to Alcohol.- Section 5 Naltrexone and Alcohol-Dependence.- 11 Naltrexone and the Treatment of Alcohol-Dependence: Initial Observations.- Section 6 Individual Differences.- 12 Enkephalinergic Involvement in Voluntary Drinking of Alcohol.- 13 Endorphins in Individuals with High and Low Risk for Development of Alcoholism.- 14 Do Substance-Abuse, Including Alcoholism, and Bulimia Covary?.- Section 7 Prospectives.- 15 Potential Toxicities of High Doses of Naltrexone in Patients with Appetitive Disorders.- 16 Prospects for Developing More Specific Antagonists, I.- 17 Prospects for Developing More Specific Antagonists, II.- 18 Summary.- References.

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Book SynopsisLife, either as we think of it in the abstract in its highest sense, or life, as we think of it in terms of a compact living organism, is obviously the result of complex interaction of all of the components of the organism.Table of Contents1 Inorganic Constituents.- 2 Carbohydrates.- 3 Amino Acids.- 4 Peptides.- 5 Proteins.- 6 Acidic Proteins.- 7 Nucleic Acids.- 8 Lipids.- 9 Myelin.- 10 Sterols.- 11 Glycoproteins.- 12 Mucopolysaccharides.- 13 Iron.- 14 Gray—White Matter Differences.- 15 Cerebral Metabolism in Vivo.- 16 Enzymes.

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Book SynopsisHow the mind works -- everything from memory to emotion, navigation to creativity -- explained in nine extraordinary human storiesTrade ReviewThis wonderfully clear, fluent, eye-opening book explores what happens when the mind misbehaves: distance is distorted, memory plays tricks, people hear in colour and see in music. Helen Thomson is the science teacher you wish you'd had at school . . . The unruliness of the misfiring brain is what makes Unthinkable so fascinating and so frightening . . . Thomson's book repays careful reading. Don't skip the science to get on to the well-I-never case histories. You need both together. And when the doctors Thomson interviews conclude, at the end of their examinations, that they simply cannot explain the weird workings of the brain, it isn't a "dunno" of defeat, but of wonder * THE TIMES *A stirring scientific journey, a celebration of human diversity and a call to rethink the 'unthinkable' * NATURE *The beautifully written story of [those], whose maladies give us an insight into the brain, our most mysterious organ * TIMES, Science Book of the Year *Imagine turning into a tiger. Or getting permanently lost in your own one bedroom home. It sounds like the stuff of nightmares - but this is the engrossing subject of Thomson's exploration of extraordinary brains. With flair and empathy, the author sees her subjects in the context of their everyday lives, allowing us to marvel at their humanity . . . accessible, well researched, thought-provoking. Like The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat, Unthinkable offers us a wondrous array of rare and weird disorders...This lucid and compelling book not only celebrates the incredible machinery we call the brain, it's also full of insights and invaluable tips. Thomson tells us how to forge memories that never disappear; how to grow an alien limb. And don't forget to make an animal noise next time you turn off the gas hob - it'll help you remember you've switched it off later in the day. We are our brains, and they are stranger than we think * TATLER *Refreshingly personal... humane and often humorous * EVENING STANDARD *Exceptional... From seeing auras and turning into a tiger, to waking up 'dead' and being able to remember every single day of your life in vivid detail, award-winning science journalist Thomson investigates wondrously rare and strange brain disorders in this terrific debut. While acknowledging her debt to the late, great Oliver Sacks, Thomson sets out to do things t differently by meeting her nine subjects not in clinical environments but as they live their daily lives with extraordinary brains. Theirs are mystery stories, spellbinding and true." * BOOKSELLER, Science Book of the Month *By including both clear explanations of research and interviews with her subjects about their lived experience, Thomson shows how our own brains might try to make sense of the world in the same ways, with fun experiments to trick ourselves into hallucinating or even believing we've an alien limb * Press Association *Fun facts are what make popular science popular. Helen Thomson's first book has a ready supply of them, and she is good at giving them context . . . there is much of interest here * SUNDAY TELEGRAPH *By including both clear explanations of recent research and interviews with her subjects about their lived experience, Thomson show how our own brains might try to make sense of the world * SCOTSMAN *Thomson brings intellectual rigour to each subject, discussing history, causes, treatment and more, in what amounts to an utterly fascinating romp around the nether regions of the human mind * Big Issue *By the end of her journey Helen Thomson had certainly persuaded me to see the world differently * Observer *

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Book SynopsisRevitalize Your Brain, Reclaim Your Mental Energy Everyone knows the feeling after a long day—it's difficult to concentrate, make challenging decisions, or empathize with others. We live in a chronically exhausted society, and the capacity of our brains is limited. For years, the span of our mental battery has been shrinking. Lack of exercise, poor nutrition, harmful substances in the environment, lack of or harmful social interaction, and constant digital bombardment are a part of life that are not in accordance with our nature, and the result is a declining performance of our brain. In The Exhausted Brain, ​Dr. Michael Nehls uncovers the source of our mental energy. He reveals where our 'brain battery' is located, what function it serves within our brain, and what this means for our thinking. Dr. Nehls describes the disastrous consequences a shrinking mental battery can have for us, our society, and future generations—and how we can counteract it.

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Book SynopsisFrom Neuron to Brain, Sixth Edition, provides a readable, up-to-date book for use in undergraduate, graduate, and medical school courses in neuroscience. As in previous editions, the emphasis is on experiments made by electrical recordings, molecular and cellular biological techniques, and behavioral studies on the nervous system, from simple reflexes to cognitive functions. Lines of research are followed from the inception of an idea to new findings being made in laboratories and clinics today. From Neuron to Brain will be of interest to anyone--with or without a specialized background in biological sciences--who is curious about the workings of the nervous system.Trade ReviewFrom Neuron to Brain provides the best available coverage of topics for my course, in a format and level of detail that is appropriate for advanced undergraduates. * Stephen Meriney, University of Pittsburgh *From Neuron to Brain contextualizes neuroscience through experimental findings. It allows students to explore neuroscience through the rich stories of experimental discovery * which is a much richer and more fulfilling way to be introduced to the field.J. David Spafford, University of Waterloo *<"Many textbooks are a catalog of discovered facts. From Neuron to Brain contextualizes neuroscience through experimental findings. Students explore neuroscience through the rich stories of experimental discovery. It is a much richer and fulfilling way to be introduced to the field.>" — J. David Spafford, University of Waterloo<"I like using From Neuron to Brain for this introductory neurobiology course, because it covers many topics of my course very well, especially the basic principles of electrical and chemical signaling along with the corresponding techniques. It is a reasonable length and is not as large as Principles of Neural Science by Kandel et al.>" — Daniel M. Suter, Purdue UniversityTable of ContentsPart I: Introduction to the Nervous System 1.Principles of Signaling and Organization 2.Signaling in the Visual System 3. Functional Architecture of the Visual Cortex Part II: Electrical Properties of Neurons and Glia 4. Ion Channels and Signaling 5. Structure of Ion Channels 6. Ionic Basis of the Resting Potential 7. Ionic Basis of the Action Potential 8. Electrical Signaling in Neurons 9. Ion Transport across Cell Membranes 10. Properties and Functions of Neuroglial Cells Part III: Intercellular Communication 11. Mechanisms of Direct Synaptic Transmission 12. Indirect Mechanisms of Synaptic Transmission 13.Release of Neurotransmitters at Synapses 14. Neurotransmitters in the Central Nervous System 15. Transmitter Synthesis, Storage, Transport, and Inactivation 16. Synaptic Plasticity 17. The Molecular and Cellular Biology of Synaptic Plasticity 18. Mechanisms of Extrasynaptic Transmission Part IV: Integrative Mechanisms 19. Autonomic Nervous System 20. Walking, Flying, and Swimming: Cellular Mechanisms of Sensory-motor Behavior in Invertebrates Part V: Sensation 21. Sensory Transduction 22. Transduction and Transmission in the Retina 23. Touch, Pain, and Texture Sensation 24. Auditory and Vestibular Sensation 25. Constructing Perception 26. Initiation and Control of Coordinated Muscular Movements Part VI: Development and Regeneration of the Nervous System 27. Development of the Nervous System 28. Critical Periods in Sensory Systems 29. Regeneration and Repair of Synaptic Connections after Injury Part VII: Conclusion 30. Open Questions Appendix A. Current Flow in Electrical Circuits Appendix B. Metabolic Pathways for the Synthesis and Inactivation of Low-Molecular-Weight Transmitters Appendix C. Structures and Pathways of the Brain

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Book SynopsisThe brain is considered the most complex structure in all of creation. But recent discoveries in neuroscience are now revealing the inner secrets of the brain - how it works, why it makes us who we are and what happens when it goes wrong. This cutting-edge and comprehensive guide explains why the human brain became so clever; how it controls everything from breathing, sleeping and seeing to identity, imagination, pleasure and pain; and what will happen when the brain integrates with computers or the latest genetic discoveries. Award-winning science writer Rita Carter also demystifies amnesia, multiple personalities, psychopathy, dreaming, hallucinations, addiction, autism, dyslexia, schizophrenia, dementia, and numerous other conditions of the mind.The Brain in Minutes covers: the origin and anatomy of the brain; control of the body; mood and emotions; perception; consciousness; memory and learning; personality; intelligence and other higher functions; language; strange states of the mind; malfunctions, disease and treatments; and the future of the brain. It also includes 200 high-tech scans, images and diagrams that detail and explain the structure and workings of the amazing human brain.

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Book SynopsisWhy are ignorant people so confident? How do politicians utilize conflation to influence groups? Why do scientists fall for similar mistakes? How is complexity managed? Why does culture effortlessly shape what we can do? This book argues: Because of approximations! Incompleteness pervades our interactions with the world. Its effects on individual and group behaviors can foster creativity or create invisible prisons. We navigate incompleteness with approximations and, too often, end up on the ‘dark side’. This book resembles a tourist’s trip much more than a scientist’s expedition, and is for anyone interested in a broader understanding of an individual’s mental life and how identities, incompletenesses, and social contexts shape it. As we examine approximations and think about their origins and the problems they can create, the reader will encounter glimpses from physics, biology, philosophy of science, management, marketing, politics, systems theory, fuzzy logic, geometry, design and creativity, culture, and neuro-science and more... Fuzzy on the Dark Side is a book about incompleteness, creativity, thinking, identities, and systems. Roughly - it is an approximation of the 'Approximate Thinking' super idea.

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Book SynopsisDementia and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s are becoming an increasingly important cause of medical and social concern due to the growth in the ageing population. Mechanisms and Metal Involvement in Neurodegenerative Diseases delivers in one volume a streamlined source of information on each of the main neurodegenerative diseases including mild cognitive impairment, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, Freiderich's ataxia, prion disease, multiple sclerosis and alcoholic brain damage. Each chapter is structured to give the definition of disease, proteins involved with structure of normal protein and abnormal proteins, pathology associated with the abnormal proteins, oxidative stress and inflammation, iron homeostatic mechanisms, primary neurotransmitter involved, other metal involvement and therapeutic strategies. Structures of the adherent protein involved in the disease process are also presented with emphasis on the chemical structures used in the treatment of each neurodegenerative disease together with their biochemical mode of action. Written by acknowledged experts in their respective areas this new book provides readers with readily accessible information on each of the neurodegenerative diseases.Table of ContentsIntroduction; Mild cognitive impairment; Parkinson's Disease; Alzheimer's Disease; Freiderich's Ataxia; Prion Disese; Multiple Sclerosis; Alcoholic brain damage;

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Book Synopsis'Did you hear Amy has heartbreak?! What bad luck to catch it right at the end of winter.' When Ziella Bryars was in the midst of heartbreak, a conversation with her neuroscientist best friend changed everything. Frustrated by unhelpful advice from magazines and rom-coms, Ziella began diving deep into the latest scientific research to help her understand the pain of heartbreak and find a route to recovery. This warm and witty self-help book outlines the impact a relationship break-up has on our brains and bodies, and explores how a science-based approach can help us heal. Ziella passes on what she learned about how a broken heart can affect everything from our sleep to our digestion; how rejection is represented in the brain in the same way as physical pain; how the brain processes loss; and how a break-up can trigger addiction-like withdrawal symptoms - plus tips for counteracting heartbreak and moving on to acceptance.

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Book SynopsisThe study of the brain-mind complex has been hampered by the dichotomy between objective biological neuroscience and subjective psychological science. This book presents a new theoretical model for how to "translate" between the two, using a third language: nonlinear physics and mathematics. It illustrates how the simultaneous use of these two approaches enriches the understanding of the neural and mental realms.Table of ContentsContents Forewords: Danatella Marazziti................................................................................................ ix Alwyn Scott........................................................................................................... xi Nick Mansfield..................................................................................................... xiii David R. Hawkins............................................................................................... xvii Introduction............................................................................................................. xxi The Puzzle............................................................................................................... xxv Part I: Learning the Languages.................................................................................... 1 1. Humanity’s Search for Mind and the Subject: A Brief Review of the Evolution of Neuropsychobiology.................................................................. 3 2. An “Ideographic,” Suprapersonal Language of Rules and Universal Symbols: Alwyn Scott and Nonlinear Dynamics................................................... 15 3. A “Demotic,” First-Person Language of the Individual and the Social System: Apuleius and the Myth of Psyche................................................... 27 4. The Language of the Objective Observer: Gerald Edelman and Neurodarwinism: Antonio Damasio and the Feeling of Knowing................................................................... 33 Gerald Edelman and Neurodarwinism................................................................................................ 35 Antonio Damasio and the Feeling of Knowing................................................................................. 39 Part II: Seeking the Understanding............................................................................ 45 5. Consciousness......................................................................................................... 47 6. The Unconscious..................................................................................................... 59 7. The Database........................................................................................................... 71 8. Affectivity............................................................................................................... 79 9. The Neural/Mental Gap: Intuition, Self and Ego, a Trilingual Map........................ 91 Part III: Applying the Knowledge............................................................................. 101 10. The Three Languages and Science: A New Scientific Paradigm?........................ 103 11. The Three Languages and Treatment.................................................................... 115 12. The Psychotherapeutic Dialogue: Intersubjectivity............................................... 127 13. The Role of a New Science for Psyche Upon Society and Culture...................... 135 References........................................................................................................... 147 Name Index......................................................................................................... 151 Subject Index 153

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Book SynopsisThis textbook provides students with knowledge of neurogenetics, neurogenesis, neuronal specification and function, neuronal networks, learning and memory formation, brain evolution, and neurodegenerative diseases.Students are introduced to topics of classical developmental genetics as well as modern molecular and neurogenetic methods. Using a wealth of examples from current research, the textbook takes a strong applied approach. Using animal models such as Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans as well as mammalian systems, the interrelationships between genes, neurons, nervous systems, and behaviour under normal and pathological conditions are illustrated. The textbook aims encourage students to address biological questions in neurogenetics and to think about the design of their own experiments. It targets primarily master and graduate students in neurobiology, but is also a valuable teaching tool for instructors in these fields.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction to neurogenetics.- Chapter 2. Neurogenetic analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans.- Chapter 3. Regionalisation of the early nervous system.- Chapter 4. Early neurogenesis and gliogenesis in Drosophila.- Chapter 5. Neural stem cells and brain tumour models in Drosophila.- Chapter 6. Eye development in Drosophila: from photoreceptor specification to terminal differentiation.- Chapter 7. Neurogenetics of memory, learning and forgetting.- Chapter 8. Evolution and origins of nervous systems.- Chapter 9. Neural stem and progenitor cells in the mammalian brain.- Chapter 10. Models of neurodegenerative diseases.

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Book SynopsisThe third section highlights strategies and technologies in translational CNS drug discovery and looks at safety and drug metabolism assessment, imaging techniques and functional testing to investigate drug treatment outcomes.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisIn this book the recent advancements in understanding the gut-brain interaction as well as gut microbiome and how this interaction plays a vital role in human health and disease are discussed. Each chapter gives an analysis of questions, research directions, and methods within the field of gut-brain axis. The readers will benefit from the latest knowledge about our understanding about how gut-brain axis and modulation of gut microbiome determines predisposition to neurological disorders. The multidisciplinary book is essential reading for anyone interested in the field of gut-brain axis and gut microbiome: from undergraduates to graduate students as well as scientists and physicians having an interest in the new exciting field of gut microbiome and its relationship with brain function.

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"This is a great introductory handbook detailing acute stroke care for those not as familiar with neurology or stroke, or for those who are not up to date with the most recent evidence. The numerous tables and figures summarize the information efficiently and make it a handy reference, yet its size and portability make it convenient to store in a white coat pocket. Given that stroke care is evolving rapidly, the references to tenecteplase, extended time windows, and CT perfusion help in keeping these practitioners aware of the latest guidelines. The book is especially valuable to those in the emergency room, internal medicine trainees, and medical students starting their neurology rotations. It is a worthwhile purchase for these non-neurologists and, given its accessibility and conciseness, it can be easily read quickly." --DoodyTable of Contents1. History Taking 2. Stroke Mimics 3. NIH Stroke Scale and Neurological Examination 4. Stroke Syndromes 5. Stroke Imaging: Noncontrast Head CT 6. Stroke Imaging: CT Angiography 7. Stroke Imaging: CT Perfusion 8. Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment: Alteplase 9. Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment: Endovascular Therapy 10. Basilar Artery Occlusion 11. Acute Stroke Treatment: Acute Blood Pressure Management and Anticoagulation Reversal 12. Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment: Acute Antiplatelet Therapy

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewNeurogastronomy is a personal yet magisterial account of the new brain-based approach to flavor perception. Gordon M. Shepherd's panoramic view of science, culture, and behavior is that of a true pioneer of the chemical senses. -- Avery Gilbert, Author of What the Nose Knows: The Science of Scent in Everyday Life Cooking? It is first love, then art, then technique. Chefs and food lovers alike can benefit from a better appreciation of the phenomena at play throughout the culinary process, from the field to the fork and beyond. This is why flavor is so important, and why Gordon M. Shepherd's well-named Neurogastronomy is such a welcome addition to the literature. -- Herve This, author of Molecular Gastronomy: Exploring the Science of Flavor Those who make the effort will be rewarded: they'll never look at eating the same way again. Library Journal Shepherd makes an excellent case for neurogastronomy as an important cross-disciplinary field that is likely to motivate a variety of imperatives for our health and well-being. -- Chris Loss Nature Although written for lay readers, this excellent summary of everything people currently know about flavor perception must be considered the latest and most valuable review of research on the chemical senses. Choice Stimulating and informing. -- Israel Rosenfeld and Edward B. Ziff New York Review of Books A work that has the potential for breaking new ground and developing a whole new direction of study. Yum.fi

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Book SynopsisThis book addresses the issue of trauma and psychic wounds to stage a confrontation between psychoanalysis and contemporary neurobiology. In so doing, it reevaluates the brain as an organ that is not separated from psychic life but rather appears as its very locus. A philosophical approach of the “new wounded” (brain lesion patients) forms the matter of the confrontation.Trade Review"The first of the 'old wounded,' hysterics suffering from reminiscences, were Freud's co-conspirators in the invention of psychoanalysis. Not only were they its earliest patients and critics; their malady formed the very stuff of psychoanalysis. Malabou identifies a more recent class of 'new wounded'-Alzheimer's patient, autistic children, concentration camp survivors, victims of rape, bombing, natural disasters and brain tumors-who, radically severed from their own past, are devoid not only of reminiscences but of meaning itself. Their maladies, she claims, evacuate the core concepts of psychoanalysis, its original stuff. Friends and foes of Freud's science will be riveted by Malabou's intelligent argument whose destructive thrust produces not merely rubble and dust, more a foam of fascinating new concepts-including cerebrality and destructive plasticity-and strong readings of Freudian texts." -- -Joan Copjec University at Buffalo, SUNY "Malabou draws upon the most current neurological research and contemporary psychoanalytic works, and applies them to a careful, penetrating and convincing reading of Freud's primary texts, in order to fashion her original interpretation." -- -Clayton Crockett University of Central Arkansas What has happened when subjectivity is utterly changed by brain damage? What are the links of war, trauma, and loss of affect? In The New Wounded Catherine Malabou brilliantly shows how 'destructive plasticity' is the key concept for understanding our 'new economy of pain.' Highly recommended for everyone in the fields she so deftly examines: philosophy, psychoanalysis, and neurology." -- -John Protevi Louisiana State UniversityTable of ContentsPreamble Introduction Part One: The Neurological Subordination of Sexuality Introduction: The "New Maps" of Causality 1. Cerebral Auto-Affection 2. Brain Wounds: From the Neurological Novel to the Theater of Absence 3. Identity Without Precedent 4. Psychoanalytic Objection: Can There Be Destruction Without a Drive of Destruction? Part Two: The Neutralization of Cerebrality Introduction: Freud and Preexisting Fault Lines 5. What Is a Psychic Event? 6. The "Libido Theory" and the Otherness of the Sexual to Itself: Traumatic Neurosis and War Neurosis in Question 7. Separation, Death, the Thing, Freud, Lacan, and the Missed Encounter 8. Neurological Objection: Rehabilitating the Event Part Three: On the Beyond of the Pleasure Principle--That it Exists Introduction: Remission at the Risk of Forgetting the Worst 9. The Equivocity of Reparation: From Elasticity to Resilience 10. Toward a Plasticity of the Compulsion to Repeat 11. The Subject of the Accident Conclusion Notes Bibliography

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Book SynopsisReflecting recent changes in the way cognition and the brain are studied, this thoroughly updated fifth edition of this bestselling textbook provides a comprehensive and student-friendly guide to cognitive neuroscience. Jamie Ward provides an easy-to-follow introduction to neural structure and function, as well as all the key methods and procedures of cognitive neuroscience, with a view to helping students understand how they can be used to shed light on the neural basis of cognition.The book presents a comprehensive overview of the latest theories and findings in all the key topics in cognitive neuroscience, including vision, hearing, attention, memory, speech and language, executive function, social and emotional behavior and developmental neuroscience. Throughout, case studies, newspaper reports, everyday examples and student-friendly pedagogy are used to help students understand the more challenging ideas that underpin the subject. This edition features expanded coverage

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Book SynopsisArguing that our brains are wirelessly connected though non-verbal communication, Digby Tantam presents research to show how our brains are linked in unexpected ways and the implications this has for our understanding of criminal behaviour, autism spectrum disorders, relationships and more.Table of Contents1. The Interbrain. 2. The Interbrain in Action. 3. Being Dominated by the Theory of Mind Connection. 4. Connecting to Finnegan's Wake. 5. Connecting through Common Knowledge. 6. Leaders. 7. Connections and Morality.

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Book SynopsisLiya Yu develops a novel political framework that builds on neuroscientific discoveries to rethink the social contract. She advances a new neuropolitical language of persuasion that refrains from moralizing or shaming and instead appeals to shared neurobiological vulnerabilities.Trade ReviewEstablished systems are rarely challenged by big ideas in the way Yu does in this book. She takes on central concepts that ground our legal and political systems, holds them up to the light of neuroscience and psychology data, and discusses the implications for moving society forward. It is a wonderful example of interdisciplinary scholarship on the brain and society, and prudent reading given humanity’s current crises. -- Lasana Harris, University College LondonThis brilliant book will transform the way we think about identity, "race," and the innumerable and persistent conflicts that have been fed by false perceptions of difference between human beings. It is essential reading for everyone interested in resolving one of the central issues of our time. -- David C. Johnston, Columbia UniversityLiya Yu’s important book comes at a critical time when our increasingly divided world needs to better understand what brain and behavioral science powerfully tells us about being human. By revealing how our brains navigate our social world and process the experiences of fear, exclusion, and dehumanization, Liya offers us a path informed by science and evidence to create a better world where empathy, understanding, and belonging can be manifested and made real. -- Tim Phillips, founder and CEO of Beyond ConflictLiya Yu shows how neuroscience can provide a lingua franca to bridge the mental gap dividing racial, partisan, and ideological groups that are primed to dehumanize the other. Where banalities about tolerance no longer ring true, our 'disillusioned curiosity' can still lead us to understand the workings of our 'exclusionary brains.' -- Jack Snyder, Robert and Renée Belfer Professor of International Relations, Columbia UniversityTable of ContentsIntroduction: Vulnerable Minds in Charlottesville1. A Battle Over Reality: Pitching the Social Contract Anew2. Unlocking the Black Box: Social Neuroscience’s Political Power3. Shared Vulnerabilities: We All Have Dehumanizing Brains4. Humanization Duties at Home: Neuropolitical Strategies for Liberal Democracies5. Humanization Duties Abroad: The Other in a Postcolonial WorldConclusion: Toward a Neuromaterialist Idea of Our Political SelvesAcknowledgmentsNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisA top neuroscientist’s science-driven plan on how to take better care of your brain, and, in doing so, how to enhance your memory, lose excess weight, and increase your energy and vitality. Build your best health and life possible by taking care of your brain.Your brain is the most essential organ in your body.  The brain and spinal cord are intimately connected to every bodily system and organ, so when it is balanced everything in your body and mind will function more efficiently.  It’s vitally important to take proactive steps now, or you risk losing everything, including your ability to think clearly, be creative, remember details, solve problems, and retain your memory.In Biohack Your Brain, leading neuroscientist Dr. Kristen Willeumier reveals how you can change your brain by making simple and easy modifications to your lifestyle. Combining clinical experience with revolutionary science, she details how biohacking your brain can boost your cognitive performance and so much more.Dr. Willeumier’s essential guidebook shows you the most effective techniques to prevent memory loss and neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease—and even how to overcome negative thoughts and stress. Through research and case studies, you’ll learn how to upgrade your nutritional choices along with the effective use of supplements, brain games, and physical activity to overcome cognitive damage, whether it’s from previous injuries, such as a concussion or a bad fall, or from the effects of living in modern day times. Dr. Willeumier shares her own story alongside those from the NFL players and other clients she has worked with to help you leverage the latest research to find personal solutions. Biohack Your Brain is a groundbreaking plan for revitalizing, nourishing, and rejuvenating your most essential asset.   Trade Review“After my years playing professional football in the NFL, I took a deep dive into studying the most important organ in my body: the brain. Thankfully, I came across Dr. Willeumier, the foremost expert on research, knowledge, and practical ways to regenerate and revitalize the most valuable asset we each possess. Her passion for and dedication to helping and healing athletes’ brain function is unparalleled, and I am thrilled that you each get to receive some of the wisdom that she has blessed me with over the years.” — EMMANUEL ACHO, former NFL linebacker, Fox Sports analyst, and author of Uncomfortable Conversations with a Black Man “Neurobiologist Willeumier debuts with a collection of proactive, accessible strategies for preserving and promoting cognitive health…This smart take will help those seeking ideas on how to sharpen their mental performance.” — Publishers Weekly “Biohack Your Brain is filled with wisdom, hope, and many great strategies to give you a better brain and a better life. Having worked closely with Dr. Willeumier for more than a decade, I know she is deeply passionate and a great communicator, which is found on every page of this book. I highly recommend it!” — DANIEL AMEN, M.D., CEO and founder of the Amen Clinics and ten-time New York Times bestselling author “I’ve often wished I had a handbook I could give patients that outlined the interventions we actually know can improve brain health. I now have one.” — from the foreword by KEITH L. BLACK, M.D., chair and professor, Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center “Biohack Your Brain is a superb brain-health guide that will nurture your mind, heart, and spirit.” — BOB ROTH, global meditation leader, CEO of the David Lynch Foundation, and author of the New York Times bestseller Strength in Stillness "It is so easy to get lost in the over-saturated market of mental health and wellness today. I’ve learned as an elite athlete to beware of the quick fix products and tactics promising stronger better brain health with no tangible action steps. Dr. Kristen Willeumier’s Biohack Your Brain is a step-by-step guide to unlock the power of your brain through simplified literal practices anyone can employ to optimize cognitive function. Such a thoughtful, relevant, and necessary approach to improve brain health.” — CHAMIQUE HOLDSCLAW, Team USA Olympic Gold medalist, Hall of Fame athlete, six-time WNBA All-Star, mental health advocate, host of Tremendous Upside podcast “Biohack Your Brain is an essential guide for those who are seeking to upgrade their mental game or to reverse the effects of damage from repetitive impacts. Read the newly revealed secrets Dr. Willeumier has discovered and utilizes—it might just save your brain function.” — LEIGH STEINBERG, J.D., American sports agent, CEO of Steinberg Sports and Entertainment, and author of the New York Times bestseller The Agent "A beneficial overview of the brain, what we know about it, and what we’re still discovering." — Library Journal Advance Reviews "With the rise of health-focused wearables, we're predicting biohacking will be bigger than ever in 2021. This book further fuels that theory, as leading neuroscientist Kristen Willeumier, Ph.D., shares ways to supercharge your brain (think boosting cognitive performance and prevent memory loss) via simple lifestyle changes." — mindbodygreen "In Biohack Your Brain, Kristen Willeumier, PhD, provides simple and easy tips to master cognitive training in your everyday life." — The Women's Alzheimer's Movement Weekly Newsletter “…a manageable guide to live a brain-healthy lifestyle.” — Harper’s Bazaar Arabia

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewIf you can get two sworn and unrestrained philosophical enemies such as Daniel Dennett and John Searle to join forces against you, you must at the very least be described as the controversialists of our time. -- Akeel Bilgrami, Johnsonian Professor of Philosophy and director, Heyman Centre for the Humanities, Columbia University Neurophysiology has made astonishing progress in recent decades and has learnt many hitherto unknown facts about the brain and its functioning. But what do these discoveries tell us about the mind? Peter Hacker and Maswell Bennett adopt an avowedly Aristotelian stance. Many cognitive scientists, they maintain, covertly endorse the dualism of Plato and Descartes, merely substituting brain-body dualism for mind-body dualism. If Daniel Dennett and John Searle are right, philosophical psychology is about to be superannuated by a scientific breakthrough in the study of the mind. If Bennett and Hacker are right, then much of cognitive neuroscience is not sound science but muddled philosophy. The resulting four-cornered discussion must rank as one of the great philosophical debates of our generation. The points at issue between these four sophisticated and articulate thinkers concern not only neurophysiology and philosophy of mind but the whole nature of philosophy itself and its relationship to science. The debates here give the reader an unparalleled chance to reach a personal decision on issues of fundamental intellectual importance. -- Anthony Kenny, Fellow Emeritus, St. John's College, Oxford University A useful introduction. -- Barry Dainton Science Readable and accessible. -- James Sage Metapsychology A good introduction to this dynamic subfield. Library Journal [A] rare opportunity to appreciate an encapsulated philosophical debate... Recommended. CHOICETable of ContentsIntroduction, by Daniel Robinson The Argument Selections from Philosophical Foundations of Neuroscience Neuroscience and Philosophy, by Maxwell R. Bennett The Rebuttals Philosophy as Naive Anthropology: Comment on Bennett and Hacker, by Daniel Dennett Putting Consciousness Back in the Brain: Reply to Bennett and Hacker, Philosophical Foundations of Neuroscience, by John Searle Reply to the Rebuttals The Conceptual Presuppositions of Cognitive Neuroscience: A Reply to Critics, by Maxwell R. Bennett and Peter M. S. Hacker Epilogue, by Maxwell R. Bennett Still Looking: Science and Philosophy in Pursuit of Prince Reason, by Daniel Robinson Notes

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Book SynopsisAntonio Damasio is a University Professor, David Dornsife Professor of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Neurology, and director of the Brain and Creativity Institute at the University of Southern California. Damasio's other books include Self Comes to Mind, Looking for Spinoza and The Feeling of What Happens. He has received the Honda Prize, the Prince of Asturias Award for Technical and Scientific Research, and, shared with his wife Hanna, the Pessoa, Signoret, and Cozzarelli prizes. Damasio is a fellow of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Bavarian Academy of Sciences, and the European Academy of Sciences and Arts. He lives in Los Angeles.Trade ReviewA thought-provoking account * New Scientist *Rich in provocative concepts about intelligence, memory, creativity and passion * Los Angeles Times *idiosyncratic and engaging * The Times *Damasio is a profound thinker and an elegant writer...Descartes' Error is a fascinating exploration of the biology of reason and its inseparable dependence on emotion -- Oliver SacksCrucial reading * New York Times Book Review *

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Book SynopsisGroping around a familiar room in the dark, relearning to read after a brain injury, navigating a virtual landscape through an avatar: all are expressions of vicariance—when the brain substitutes one process or function for another. Alain Berthoz shows that this capacity allows humans to think creatively in an increasingly complex world.Trade ReviewIn The Vicarious Brain, Creator of Worlds, Alain Berthoz defines vicariance as the substitution of one process for another, when attempting to achieve a specific goal. The forms of vicariance, which are so well described by Berthoz, are a product of our brain’s capacity for learning and creative divergent thinking. This book allows us to better understand how the human brain provides us with the remarkable ability to improve our quality of life. -- Kenneth M. Heilman, University of Florida College of MedicineSeeing things from multiple points of view is a skill that not all possess. Critical periods occur during the development of the brain for biocular vision, maternal bonding, and many other brain functions. Is it possible, as Berthoz supposes, that there is a critical period for being able to simultaneously hold different perspectives? If so, the implications are profound. -- Terrence Sejnowski, Salk Institute for Biological Studies

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Book SynopsisPublisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality,  authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product.Bridge the gap between basic and clinical science with this authoritative guide to neuroscienceCreated by an expert team of neuroscience educators, this comprehensive guide delivers the knowledge and insight you need to build your understanding of neuroscienceâquickly and easily. Divided into two parts, the guide offers a thorough treatment of the basic science of the anatomy and function of the nervous system, as well an extended treatment of nervous system disorders and therapeutics.Packed with 500 color illustrations, Essentials of Modern Neuroscience provides both clinical content and numerous cases in an engaging, simple-to-understand style. It includes the strong pedagogy that makes LANGE basic science titles so popular and pTable of ContentsTABLE OF CONTENTSPart I: Cellular Neuroscience1. Neurohistology2. Origin of the membrane potential3. Action potential4. Single ion channels and gating mechanisms5. Ion channel structure-function6. Ion channel diversity and regulation7. Ion channel diseases8. Fundamentals of synaptic transmission9. Synaptic plasticity10. Neurotransmitter release11. Neurotransmitter reuptakePart II: Molecular & Developmental Neuroscience1. Axon guidance2. Synapse formation3. Dendrite formation4. Gliogenesis5. Corticogenesis6. Neuronal migration7. Neurogenesis and neuronal stem cellsPart III: Sensory & Systems Neuroscience1. Genes, circuits and behavior2. Human neurogenetics3. Visual systems4. Auditory systems5. Olfactory systems6. Motor systems7. Pain and somatosensory8. Learning9. Cognitive neuroscience10. Affective disorders

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewNeurogastronomy is a personal yet magisterial account of the new brain-based approach to flavor perception. Gordon M. Shepherd's panoramic view of science, culture, and behavior is that of a true pioneer of the chemical senses. -- Avery Gilbert, Author of What the Nose Knows: The Science of Scent in Everyday Life Cooking? It is first love, then art, then technique. Chefs and food lovers alike can benefit from a better appreciation of the phenomena at play throughout the culinary process, from the field to the fork and beyond. This is why flavor is so important, and why Gordon M. Shepherd's well-named Neurogastronomy is such a welcome addition to the literature. -- Herve This, author of Molecular Gastronomy: Exploring the Science of Flavor Those who make the effort will be rewarded: they'll never look at eating the same way again. Library Journal Shepherd makes an excellent case for neurogastronomy as an important cross-disciplinary field that is likely to motivate a variety of imperatives for our health and well-being. -- Chris Loss Nature Although written for lay readers, this excellent summary of everything people currently know about flavor perception must be considered the latest and most valuable review of research on the chemical senses. Choice Stimulating and informing. -- Israel Rosenfeld and Edward B. Ziff New York Review of Books A work that has the potential for breaking new ground and developing a whole new direction of study. Yum.fi

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Book SynopsisBesides being cruel and inhumane, torture does not work the way torturers assume it does. As Shane O’Mara’s account of the neuroscience of suffering reveals, extreme stress creates profound problems for memory, mood, and thinking, and sufferers predictably produce information that is deeply unreliable, or even counterproductive and dangerous.Trade ReviewOffers a passionate and informative riposte to those who feel a ‘war on terror’ justifies barbarism. -- Hayden Murphy * The Guardian *Shane O’Mara’s book is a rebuttal to the torture memos that came out a few years ago that justified ‘enhanced interrogation’ methods used in Guantanamo Bay and Northern Ireland. He takes an empirical approach to torture. From a scientific point of view, even before getting into the morality, it is just ineffective. The FBI said the best technique is to get clever interrogators who are good at forming bonds. The analogy he uses is that if you had a computer that had information you wanted you wouldn’t hit it with a hammer because that would affect its recall. Humans work the same way. -- Neil Delamere * Irish Examiner *A powerful, convincing and thought-provoking volume. O’Mara presents us with the overwhelming scientific evidence that torture simply does not work. What is more, it damages memory and is highly likely to produce flawed intelligence. Claims of the utility of torture are no more than ‘cargo cult science.’…The significance of this book is difficult to overstate. Its conveyance of moral outrage as regards the practice of torture is unqualified and it delivers the evidence to repudiate all utilitarian justifications of the practice. It offers science-based pointers to manners of conducting interrogation that are both more effective and compliant with human rights standards. Furthermore, giventhe questions surrounding the utility of all statement-related evidence, it supports the long-standing calls for more focus on such other evidentiary sources as forensics and surveillance. It has a great deal to say to contemporary policy-makers and for police and intelligence services, not least at a moment of enhanced attention to counter-terrorism. The book demonstrates the importance of science in the pursuit of human rights…O’Mara deserves some sort of prize for this work. -- Michael O’Flaherty * Irish Times *Instead of simply providing utilitarian arguments, [O’Mara] argues that there is no evidence from psychology or neuroscience for many of the specious justifications of torture as an information-gathering tool. Providing an abundance of gruesome detail, O’Mara marshals vast, useful information about the effects of such practices on the brain and the body. -- Lasana T. Harris * Nature *Does torture actually work? To be sure, it can compel people to confess to crimes and to repudiate their religious and political beliefs. But there is a world of difference between compelling someone to speak and compelling them to tell the truth… Yet the assumption underlying the ticking time bomb defense is that abusive questioning reliably causes people to reveal truthful information that they would otherwise refuse to disclose. Few scholars have scrutinized this assumption—and none with the rigor, depth, and clarity of Shane O’Mara in his excellent book, Why Torture Doesn’t Work: The Neuroscience of Interrogation… Invoking the relevant science, he shows that torture undermines the very neurocognitive mechanisms requisite for recalling veridical information from memory. -- Richard McNally * Science *If the aim of the torturers is to extract information, they should read O’Mara’s book and adopt gentler methods. CIA and the rest of you, read and note. Neuroscience says your methods don’t work. -- Steven Rose * Times Higher Education *Why Torture Doesn’t Work is a valuable book. O’Mara builds his case like a prosecutor, citing scientific studies and relentlessly poking holes in absurdities and inconsistencies in documents such as the ‘Torture Memos.’ Whether science matters to those who defend torture is another matter, as O’Mara knows: their motivation is often punitive, not practical. But once torture is imposed, the consequences, he says, are that it will be ‘ineffective, pointless, morally appalling, and unpredictable in its outcomes.’ -- Carl Elliott * New Scientist *Takes a scientific look at how the brain operates—or doesn’t—under stress, and points to more humane ways of getting information. -- Claire O’Connell * Irish Times *O’Mara recognizes that there are no clear, consistently successfully approaches to getting reliable information from captives. He makes a compelling case, however, that our current naïve intuitions and macho methods, including conducting interrogations in English to show who is in charge, as well as torture, are counterproductive. And that the training and experience of interrogators currently employed by the CIA is woefully inadequate. -- Glenn C. Altschuler * Psychology Today *A catalog of the scientific evidence of how torture is at best ineffective, usually counterproductive, and always inhumane. In his exhaustive examination of the psychological literature on human (and animal) stress responses, O’Mara combs through numerous studies demonstrating how those stress responses are related to memory retrieval and communication, which are the stated goals of the U.S. military’s ‘enhanced interrogation techniques.’ The author’s main argument—that we could argue forever about the ethics of torture, but the point is moot if the techniques don't even work to solicit the information sought—is confirmed over and over as he works through experiments on the effects of sleep deprivation, pain, drowning, heating, cooling, sensory deprivation, and more. The experiments range from the well‐known obedience experiments of Stanley Milgram to lesser‐known studies that measured the cognitive effects of changes in core body temperature. O’Mara leaves no stone unturned as he meticulously details the procedures and outcomes of each experiment… Everything you never wanted to know—but probably should—about interrogation techniques and outcomes. * Kirkus Reviews *An authoritative analysis. -- Antoinette Brinkman * Library Journal *O’Mara has written a sober, convincing argument that torture is practically worthless and morally disgraceful. * Publishers Weekly *With accurate and compelling neuroscience, this book will be valuable to individuals outside the neuroscience world—in politics, in the military—who should know the scientific basis of torture as they make and execute policy in this area. -- Howard Eichenbaum, Boston UniversityOne of the most powerful arguments one can make against a practice is that it is self-defeating, given its own goals. This is a highly unusual book on torture—terrifically interesting. -- Henry Shue, Merton College, University of OxfordIn a meticulously researched book that reinforces the legal and ethical arguments against torture, Shane O’Mara focuses on its effects on human physiology…As O’Mara shows, torture techniques are mentally debilitating, affecting memory as well as mood, and thereby compromise the capacity of victims to form and deliver a reliable account of any information that they may be withholding. Not only is torture morally deplorable, therefore, but its outcome is also entirely unpredictable…O’Mara capably translates the experimental evidence into accessible language for the general reader. -- Giovanni Frazzetto * Financial Times *Fascinating…Why Torture Doesn’t Work is the empirical case against torture, a reading of scientific research which concludes that torture is a poor method of extracting information, and that the people who argued for it and used it had no idea what they were doing…The message of science, according to O’Mara, is unambiguous: torture makes it harder to obtain useful information, not easier…O’Mara deserves a lot of praise for writing a convincing and moral book. -- Greg Waldmann * Open Letters Monthly *The book takes readers on an extended tour of the brain and the way it functions under the ‘chronic, severe, and extreme stressor states’ produced by forms of torture such as starvation, thirst, sleep deprivation, and waterboarding. O’Mara looks at the scientific literature examining the effects of these grim methods and determines that information obtained using them is inherently suspect…The last refuge in the defense of torture has always been an appeal to elevate pragmatism and security over ethics and the law in the face of a ‘ticking time bomb.’ O’Mara’s book reveals the hollowness of that argument. -- G. John Ikenberry * Foreign Affairs *O’Mara marshals a large amount of scientific literature to make his point. -- Rupert Stone * Newsweek *O’Mara shows that the processes of enhanced interrogation do indeed create such stressful states—interestingly, both in the interrogated person and in the interrogator—that it is enormously destructive not only to the person but to the information; and not only immediately but in the longer term… [The book’s] greatest strength, to me, is the rigor of its evident deductivism and the way this is demonstrated, which seems to act almost as a catechism against those who, with Vice President Dick Cheney, would embrace ‘the dark side’ rather blithely… [It] provide[s] key documents testifying to the assumptions of our time about what constitutes a human being. -- Rebecca Lemov * Times Literary Supplement *

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Book Synopsis'Wonderful' Philosophy Now__________________________When a computer goes wrong, we are told to turn it off and on again. In Am I Dreaming?, science journalist James Kingsland reveals how the human brain is remarkably similar. By rebooting our hard-wired patterns of thinking - through so-called 'altered states of consciousness' - we can gain new perspectives on ourselves and the world around us.From shamans in Peru to tech workers in Silicon Valley, Kingsland takes us on a dazzling tour of lucid dreams, mindfulness, hypnotic trances, virtual reality and drug-induced hallucinations. A startling exploration of perception and consciousness, this is also a provocative argument for using altered states to boost our mental health.'Read this book and take part in one of the greatest intellectual adventures of all time.'Professor J. Allan HobsonTrade ReviewKingsland does a wonderful job of succinctly conveying complex theories. * Philosophy Now *James Kingsland leads us through the wonderful world of modern consciousness science. This book is many splendored - read it so you can take part in one of the greatest intellectual adventures of all time. * Professor J. Allan Hobson, MD, Professor of Psychiatry, Emeritus, Harvard Medical School *A fascinating, eye-opening insight into how an alteration of consciousness can reboot our brains and improve our mental health and wellbeing. I highly recommend it. * Amanda Feilding, director of the Beckley Foundation *Compelling and authoritative... Read this book. * Dr Ben Sessa, Senior Research Fellow at Imperial College and Consultant Psychiatrist *Rigorously researched, elegantly crafted, and personally inspired, this is a wonderful contribution to the burgeoning field of neurophenomenology, where science meets spirit. Every page delivers an insight. * Andrew Holecek, Author of The Power and the Pain *Kingsland's book is a cursory but fascinating exploration of the neuroscience behind meditation, and he offers a wonderful starting point for further research and practice. * Publishers Weekly on Siddhartha's Brain *A pleasure to read... This is a smart, accessible balance of philosophical teachings and brain science and how meditation can relate to everything from addiction to Alzheimer's disease. * Washington Times on Siddharta's Brain *Fascinating... Whether you're a sceptic or a true believer, exploring Siddhartha's brain offers compelling insights and invites further questions about the potential of the human mind. * Chicago Tribune on Siddharta's Brain *Brain science and Buddhist lore combine in this compelling treatise on the benefits of meditation and mindfulness * Kirkus Reviews on Siddharta's Brain *Reveals not only how mindfulness meditation can rewire the human brain and help us achieve a sense of spiritual fulfilment but also how we can easily integrate the practice into our daily lives. * Scientific American on Siddharta's Brain *Table of Contents1: Magical Thinking 2: Dream On 3: Holidays from Reality 4: Puppets on a String 5: Wonder Child 6: Mother Ayahuasca 7: Death of the Ego 8: The Wonderful Lightness of Being 9: The Void Between Dreams

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Book SynopsisFrom the UK's foremost literary psychoanalyst, a dazzling new book on the universal urge to change our lives.We live in a world in which we are invited to changeto become our best selves through politics, or fitness, or diet, or therapy. We change all the timegrowing older and olderand how we think about change changes over time too.We want to think of our lives as progress mythsas narratives of positive personal growthat the same time as we inevitably age and suffer setbacks.Adam Phillips's sparkling book On Wanting to Change explores the stories we tell about change, and the changes we actually makeand the fact that they don't always go, or come, together.

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Book SynopsisIntractability is a growing concern across the cognitive sciences: while many models of cognition can describe and predict human behavior in the lab, it remains unclear how these models can scale to situations of real-world complexity. Cognition and Intractability is the first book to provide an accessible introduction to computational complexity analysis and its application to questions of intractability in cognitive science. Covering both classical and parameterized complexity analysis, it introduces the mathematical concepts and proof techniques that can be used to test one''s intuition of (in)tractability. It also describes how these tools can be applied to cognitive modeling to deal with intractability, and its ramifications, in a systematic way. Aimed at students and researchers in philosophy, cognitive neuroscience, psychology, artificial intelligence, and linguistics who want to build a firm understanding of intractability and its implications in their modeling work, it is an ideal resource for teaching or self-study.Trade Review'Computational complexity has long been the elephant in the room in cognitive science. Researchers, including myself, blithely propose models that, if taken literally, would imply the brain can solve computational problems that are known to be intractable. This excellent introduction to both the technical results and their cognitive relevance should alert students and researchers to these pressing questions.' Nick Chater, University of Warwick'Cognitive science and algorithms and complexity research are converging: mathematically speaking, there is a revolution in the cognitive models and tools available, while multivariate (parameterized) algorithmics are essential to understanding them. As our growing awareness of how natural systems algorithmically process information leads to intellectual flows in both directions, the insights in this book are highly useful to students and researchers in both fields.' Michael Fellows, University of Bergen, Norway'Current theories in cognitive science think of mental processes as computational, but they rarely provide rigorous analysis of the relevant computations. Cognition and Intractability applies computational complexity theory to the kinds of inference that are important for human thinking. The results are mathematically elegant, pedagogically helpful, and very useful for understanding the kinds of computational processes that minds use.' Paul Thagard, University of Waterloo, CanadaTable of ContentsPart I. Introduction: 1. Introduction; Part II. Concepts and Techniques: 2. Polynomial versus exponential time; 3. Polynomial-time reductions; 4. Classical complexity classes; 5. Fixed-parameter tractable time; 6. Parameterized reductions; 7. Parameterized complexity classes; Part III. Reflections and Elaborations: 8. Dealing with intractability; 9. Replies to common objections; Part IV. Applications: 10. Coherence as constraint satisfaction; 11. Analogy as structure mapping; 12. Communication as Bayesian inference.

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"For those who want to understand what’s happening to them and why grief is so confounding, this is a fascinating and comforting read.” — Oprah Daily “[A]n insightful book…fascinating look at what goes on inside our minds when we lose someone special.” — Wake-Up Call, Katie Couric Media “This book has helped so many who are grasping to make sense of loss, and I recommend it now, hoping that it will offer insights, solace, or even answers.” — Amanda Stern, How to Live (blog) “The Grieving Brain is a probing exploration into the science of grief and grieving. We are given an opportunity to view loss in a new way. If you have felt the pain of a loss and wondered if it will ever get better, O'Connor shows how the brain can help heal.” — Sharon Salzberg, author of Real Change “A pioneer of the neuroscience of grief, O'Connor lays out in simple prose how we try to make sense of the impossible conundrum of loss. Anyone who's been through a loss or just wants to know how bereavement works, this is the book for you.” — George Bonanno, author of The End of Trauma "We will all be touched by loss. To understand grief is to understand a fundamental human experience. This book is a powerful and comprehensive exploration of grief, the best I have read.” — Roshi Joan Halifax, PhD, pioneer in the end-of-life care field and author of Standing at the Edge and Being with Dying “Absorbing and wise, The Grieving Brain offers insights and coping mechanisms for those of us who have peered up from the depths of grief and wondered, why does this hurt so much? How can I make a meaningful life for myself now?” — Maryanne O’Hara, author of Little Matches "The Grieving Brain answered fascinating questions that I would not have thought to ask. State-of-science studies, fun facts and fascinating insights kept me turning pages and losing track of time." — Ira Byock, MD, active emeritus professor, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, author of Dying Well and The Best Care Possible “[C]lear, confirming, compassionate, beautifully readable …” — Mad In America

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