Mining technology and engineering Books

Book SynopsisFocusing on the 1990s as a decade of change, all of the collieries and most of the coal fired power stations of that era have now gone. During that decade I made a point of photographing the collieries and power stations, and the trains that moved the coal, and so amassed a large collection of photographs. Being Worksop-based through my railway career, I am able to describe a potted history of Worksop Depot which opened in 1991, commencing with a brief look at the area in the late 1980s and into the 1990s. The run-up to the privatisation of the railways is followed by the new freight companies which brought changes in coal operations, before the wholesale decline in coal production. There are images taken in the Nott's, Derbyshire, Yorkshire, Leicestershire, and Staffordshire coalfields. Brief descriptions of each colliery and power station illustrated are given, with maps to show their location, along with power station track diagrams, tables, and coal plans to show where power station coal originated. The book concludes with a few instances of locations that Worksop-based drivers served.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements; Introduction; 1 Worksop in the 1980s and 1990s: The Decades of Change; 2 Declining UK Coal Production; 3 Nottinghamshire Area Collieries; 4 Derbyshire Area Collieries; 5 Yorkshire Area Collieries; 6 Leicestershire and Staffordshire Area Collieries; 7 Power Stations; 8 Three Days at Worksop; Bibliography.

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"The Eyes of the World is a groundbreaking, brilliantly written book about Congo’s place in the global economy. Smith places artisanal miners of coltan at the center of his study. Contrary to most popular views of the Congolese as victims of global corporations and brutal state authorities, miners recognize their value as experienced workers who often can protect their interests. . . . Smith deftly weaves insights drawn from an array of anthropological theory with gripping, moving case studies of individual miners and mining sites. . . . Strikingly, Smith shows how Western efforts to crack down on 'blood diamonds' end up, in actuality, to be a tool to weaken the leverage of artisanal miners and allow wily state authorities to cash in on their ability to selectively enforce their will on Congolese workers. This book should be required reading for anyone who wants to understand the Democratic Republic of Congo today." * Choice *"Chock-full of fascinating details on the people and communities that have lived off mining in the chaos of the wars in Congo." * Foreign Affairs *"Beautiful and evocative. . . . Smith produces one of the richest and most thought-provoking ethnographies I have read in a very long time. The Eyes of the World is likely to become an anthropological classic." * Reviews in Anthropology *“Blood minerals: a global cause ‘intended to do one thing, but under the surface, invisible to many, . . . doing something else.’ Smith offers a whirlwind of research on the varied actors who extract coltan—often in the ruins of colonial concessions—making it available to international markets. The Eyes of the World skillfully cuts through metropolitan stereotypes, drawing readers instead into the astounding vortex of the mines.” * Anna Tsing, coeditor of Feral Atlas: The More-than-Human Anthropocene *“A riveting, wonderful potpourri of story, theory, and history. The Eyes of the World hugs closely to people’s lives, words, and theories, vividly unpacking multiple dimensions of movement in the mining of those digital minerals that end up in global devices. One of the most brilliant, important, and utterly teachable ethnographies to appear on Congo in a long time.” * Nancy Rose Hunt, author of A Nervous State: Violence, Reveries, and Remedies in Colonial Congo *“Smith gives us a rare glimpse into the complex dynamics of otherwise largely invisible local worlds that do nonetheless matter on a global scale. A great observer and talented narrator, he convincingly argues how, in the vortex of these Congolese mining worlds, destructive forms of extra-statecraft undid existing socio-cultural assemblages while generating the basis for new transformative orders.” * Filip De Boeck, author of Suturing the City: Living Together in Congo’s Urban Worlds *"Smith’s book is bound to become a classic in the anthropology of mining and the conflict minerals literature. . . . This book is an absolute joy to read and sets the bar very high for future researchers working on the issue of conflict minerals. This is mining anthropology at its very best." * The Journal of Development Studies *Table of ContentsPart One: Orientations Prologue: An Introduction to the Personal, Methodological, and Spatiotemporal Scales of the Project 1. The Eyes of the World: Themes of Movement, Visualization, and (Dis)embodiment in Congolese Digital Minerals Extraction (an Introduction) Part Two: Mining Worlds 2. War Stories: Seeing the World through War 3. The Magic Chain: Interdimensional Movement in the Supply Chain for the “Black Minerals” 4. Mining Futures in the Ruins Part Three: The Eyes of the World on Bisie and the Game of Tags 5. Bisie during the Time of Movement 6. Insects of the Forest 7. The Battle of Bisie 8. Closure 9. Game of Tags: Supply Chain Auditing as Purification Project Conclusion: Chains, Holes, and Wormholes Acknowledgments Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisCoal is the commodity that powered the technologies that made the modern world. It also brought about unique communities marked by a high degree of social solidarity and self-help. Mining was central to working class life, drawing rural populations into industrial labour, but it often took place in picturesque landscapes, so that its black spoil heaps became a central symbol of the degradation of pastoral life by the demands of an extractive industry. Throughout Europe and the USA photographers have pictured the characteristic landscapes of the industry, and continue to do so as strip mining devastates huge areas of land. Not only landscape photography but also documentary, portraiture, photojournalism and art photography have been used in order to portray mines and miners. This book presents three interlinked strands of investigation. The first is the way in which the production of coal created paradigmatic communities grounded in particular landscapes. The second concerns the role ofTrade Review"Coal Cultures is ambitious in its scope, interesting in its detail and very enjoyable to read. Derrick Price brings his formidable scholarship to explore the sophisticated dynamics of the cultures in and around that seemingly most basic of all commodities, coal. To do so within a complex global context is impressive." --National Museum Wales - Paul Cabuts, Honorary Research Fellow at Amguedffa Cymru"In Coal Cultures, Derrick Price tracks the long history of visual culture around coal production, livelihoods and impacts, starting with 16th century woodprints of mining technology. ... This is a comprehensive survey of visual approaches to finding meaning in coal landscapes and lifestyles: from othering to humanising its people, and from seeing ruin to order in its landscapes. ... Price digs nicely into gender issues here, including photos of women miners and the exploring the persistence of sexualisation and sexism they faced."--Visual Studies"Coal Cultures offers a valuable overview of the intersections between mining and visual culture, illustrating how our understanding of the industry and its impact has been shaped by its depiction. In going beyond the work ofmining itself to explore the communities and landscapes shaped by that labour, Price demonstrates that photography and visual culture can be useful means to establish how labour, society and the environment are interlinked. The book assembles a considerable range of material that will appeal to those with interests in both mining and visual culture, as well as their relationship to heritage and the environment."--History of Photography"Price has most definitely succeeded in providing a fascinating and highly stimulating cultural-history analysis of the various representations (both photographic/visual and metaphorical) of the coal industry, its environmental legacy, coalfield communities, and its industrial heritage. It deserves to be widely read."--History Workshop JournalTable of ContentsTable of ContentsList of IllustrationsIntroduction 1. Degradation and regeneration2. Images of miners3. Mining communities4. Fog, smog and pollution5. Strikes and conflict6. The new landscape of coal7. Heritage, memory and nostalgia ConclusionIndex

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Book SynopsisAn all-in-one reference combining hydrodynamic theory with drilling applications for the design, planning, and optimization of drilling operations Hydromechanical processes underlie the majority of technology operations in drilling and present a crucial concern as the pace and depth of drilling increasesin today''s energy-hungry world. Applied Hydro-aeromechanics in Oil and Gas Drilling offers a unique resource for properly modeling and understanding the hydro-dynamic forces affecting a drilling site. Combining hydrodynamic theory with specific drilling applications, this coverage provides readers with a comprehensive reference for designing, planning, and optimizing drilling operations. Featuring the latest technologies and developments affecting the field, Applied Hydro-aeromechanics in Oil and Gas Drilling covers topics including: The physics of hydro-aeromechanical phenomena in drilling processes Calculation methodsTable of ContentsPreface. Notation. 1 Main results and development lines in hydro-aeromechanics of drilling processes. 2 Basic problems of hydro-aeromechanics in drilling processes. 3 Multiphase media in drilling processes. 4 Hydro- aeromechanic equations in drilling processes. 4.1 Mass conservation equation. 4.2 Momentum (motion) equation. 4.3 Thermodynamic equations of state. 4.4 Rheological equations of state. 4.5 Equation of concentrations. 4.6 Formulation of hydro-aerodynamic problems for drilling processes. 5 Hydrostatics of single-phase fluids and two-phase mixtures in gravity field. 5.1 Hydrostatics of single-phase fluids. 5.2 Hydrostatics of incompressible fluid at τw = 0. 5.3 Hydrostatics of single-phase compressible fluid (gas) at τw = 0. 5.4 Hydrostatics of slightly compressible fluid τw = 0. 5.5 Hydrostatics of a fluid with dynamic shear stress (τw‡0). 5.6 Hydrostatics of two-phase fluids. 6 Stationary flow of fluids in elements of well circulation system. 6.1 Equations for stationary flows of homogeneous incompressible fluids. 6.2 Calculation of pressure in laminar flows of viscous incompressible fluids in circular slots, pipes and annular channels. 6.3 Calculation of pressure in laminar flow of viscous-plastic fluids in circular slots, pipes and annular channels. 6.4 Calculation of pressure in laminar flow of power incompressible fluids in circular slots, pipes and annular channels. 6.5 Calculation of pressure in turbulent flow in circular pipes and annular channels. 6.6 Transition of laminar flow of viscous, viscous-plastic and power fluids into turbulent one. 6.7 Calculation of pressure in eccentric annulus. Formation of stagnation zones. 6.8 Effect of internal pipe rotation on pressure in annulus. 6.9 Pressure drop in local resistances of circulation system. 7 Equilibrium and motion of rigid particles in fluid, gas and gas-liquid mixture. 7.1 Washing of the well bottom. 7.2 Levitation of rigid particles in fluid, gas and gas-liquid flows. 7.3 Flow rate of fluid, gas and gas-liquid mixture needed for removal of cutting from well bore. 7.4 Calculation of ball drop time in descending flow of washing fluid in a column of pipes. 7.5 Hydraulic calculation of a circulation system in drilling with incompressible washing fluid. 8 Stationary flow of gas and gas-cutting mixture in elements of well circulation system. 8.1 Pressure distribution in ascending flow of gas and gas-cutting mixture in annular channel of a well. 8.2 Pressure distribution in descending flow of gas in pipes. 8.3 Pressure losses in bit heads and pipe joints. 8.4 Calculation procedure of pump capacity and compressor pressure in drilling with blasting. 9 Stationary flows of gas-liquid mixtures in a well. 9.1 Equations of gas-liquid mixture flow. 9.2 Laminar ascending flow of gas-liquid mixtures in pipes and annular channels. 9.3 Calculation of pressure in pipes and annular space in ascending vertical turbulent flows of gas-liquid mixtures. 9.4 Pressure drop in bit heads in flow of gas-liquid mixture. 9.5 Pressure drop in turbo-drills. 9.6 Calculation of pressure in pipes in descending vertical turbulent flow of gas-liquid mixture. 9.7 Method of calculation of delivery and pressure of pumps and compressors in drilling with aerated fluid washing. 9.8 Effect of gas solubility in fluid on pressure of a mixture in a well. 10 Non-stationary flows of single-phase fluids in a well. 10.1 Equations for non-stationary single-phase flows. 10.2 Non-stationary flows of incompressible fluid in round trip operations. 10.3 Hydrodynamic pressure in round trip operation in a well filled by viscous fluid. 10.4 Hydrodynamic pressure generated by drill-stem descent in a well filled by viscous-plastic fluid. 10.5 Examples of pressure calculations in round trip operations. 10.6 Non-stationary fluid flow in a well as wave process. 10.7. Pressure calculation in deterioration of the safety bypass. 10.8 Calculation of pressure in recovery of circulation in a well. 10.9 Calculation of pressure in a well in settling of ball cage on a seat (thrust ring) in drill-stem. 10.10 Calculation of pressure in round trip of a drill-stem as wave process. 11 Flows of formation fluids and rock solids. 11.1 Basic equations of fluid and rock solid flows. 11.2 Stationary laminar flows of incompressible and compressible fluids and gases. 11.3 Nonstationary laminar flows of incompressible and compressible fluids and gases. 11.4 Flows of formation fluids and rock solids at regimes different from laminar. 12 Nonstationary flow of gas-liquid mixtures in well-formation system. 12.1 Estimation of bottom-hole decompression in removal of gas bench from a well. 12.2 Recognition of gas outburst and selection of regimes of its liquidation. 12.3 Calculation of amount, density and delivery of fluid needed to kill the open gas blowout. 12.4 Calculation of pressure at the well mouth in blowout killing by direct pumping of killing fluid into the well. 13 Nonstationary flows of fluid mixtures in well-formation system Calculation of fluid-gas blowout killing. 14 Distribution of concentration and pressure in displacement of Newtonian and viscous-plastic fluids from circular pipes and annular channels. Hydraulic calculation of cementation regime. 14.1 Main reasons of incompletely displacement of fluids. 14.2 Distribution of concentrations in displacement of one fluid by another fluid. 14.3 Taking into account needed displacement completeness in calculations of cementing. 14.4 Method of hydraulic calculation of cementing regimes with regard to given concentration in channel cross-section. 14.5 Calculation of single-stage well cementation. Method and calculation of cementation with foam-cement slurry. 15 Sedimentation of rigid phase in drilling fluid after deadlock of mixing. 15.1 One-dimensional equation for hydraulic pressure in sedimentation of rigid phase of suspension. 15.2 Lowering of hydraulic pressure in a well after deadlock of solution circulation. 16 Experimental determination of rheological characteristics. 16.1 Determination of rheological characteristics with rotary viscometer. 16.2 Determination of rheological characteristics with capillary viscometer. 16.3 Determination of rheological characteristics of rock solids. 16.4 Examples of application of rheological characteristics. References. Author index. Subject index. About the Authors.

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Co-Winner of the Stansky Prize, North American Conference on British Studies""Honorable Mention for the Ecocriticism Book Award, Association for the Study of Literature and Environment""A Choice Outstanding Academic Title of the Year""This is a major book that will invite scholars of the period to think in new ways about “extractivism,” while also showing how vital historical interpretation is to the environmental and energy humanities, fields that have predominantly focused on contemporary culture."---Benjamin Morgan, Critical Inquiry"[A] well-research work. . . . Miller’s groundbreaking study of 'extractive fictions' sets the stage for more research on how literature reflects the perils and short-sightedness of an age." * Choice Reviews *"A rich and moving contribution. . . . [Miller’s] book will become essential reading for scholars of the very long nineteenth century and an invaluable resource for those seeking new ways to teach that literature to students whose lives are taking shape in the inescapable context of accelerating climate change."---Iain Crawford, Dickens Quarterly"“Brilliantly thought out, wonderfully well written, and extremely well executed. . . . Extraction Ecologies is a much-needed panoramic tour of the long nineteenth century’s large-scale industrial extraction that digs into the historical roots of our current ecological calamities. It should be a major reference for students and scholars in Victorian studies, energy humanities, and ecocriticism in years to come.” —Sebastian Egholm Lund, Victorian Review """Important and illuminating. . . . Extraction Ecologies contributes a compelling new framework for understanding how the environmental crises we grapple with today cannot adequately be understood without attending to their Victorian origins.” –Jayne Hildebrand, Nineteenth-Century Literature ""“Miller argues that the extractive industries of metal, mineral and coal mining altered literary genre and form and vice versa, showing ‘how culture, language, and discourse mediate environmental history’ . . . She works through literary and scientific texts to build an image of a shift in understanding of the British Empire, one which increasingly relied on and feared the limits of extractive industry.”—Indigo Gray, Green Letters ""“Miller shows how the idea of extraction came to structure certain genres of the nineteenth century, and how those forms have made it easier for us to accept the world’s continued inertia regarding the extractive and environmental crises of today.”—Kent Linthicum, ISLE: Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment ""“The Victorians may have set us firmly on the path toward fossil fuel dependence, but they also bequeathed us alternative futures, paths not taken or scarcely followed. Their realist and speculative fictions were discursive realms where they explored these tensions. Miller has provided the definitive account of this literary landscape in a rich work that illuminates both nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century fiction and our current ecological condition.” —Chris Otter, Victorian Studies "

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Book SynopsisThe history of the iron ore trade on the Great Lakes, from 1900 to 1980, is perhaps best related in visual form. Historians and enthusiasts alike can now learn about this important part of our country''s industrial heritage in nearly 300 views of the mines, railroads, loading docks, and ships of the Great Lakes. Through the medium of the picture postcard, discover the underground and huge open-pit mines on the iron ranges in Wisconsin, Michigan, and Minnesota, and ride the rails as the iron is moved from the mines to the giant loading docks at the Upper Lake ports. In calm seas and stormy weather, travel from these ports to the international locks at Sault Ste. Marie, in Michigan and Ontario. The accurate descriptions and comprehensive deltiological information will appeal to postcard collectors, rail and nautical enthusiasts, industrial archeologists, and lovers of Great Lakes history.

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Book SynopsisThis fully updated and revised fifth edition of this classic reference work is current to the latest ASME BPV Code release. It is available in a convenient two-volume format that focuses on all twelve sections of the ASME Code, as well as relevant piping codes. Several chapters have new authors and are entirely new, while others have been extensively re-written for this edition.

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Book SynopsisFrank Crampton's autobiography of mining runs the gamut of experience, from bindle-stiff, to hard-rock miner, to mining engineer, as he works his way from Cripple Creek through almost every mining camp of importance in the West of the USA from 1900 to 1920.

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Book SynopsisThe modern public mining royalty and streaming industry began in 1986 and has since grown to approximately $66 billion in market capitalization. This entertaining book shows readers what the founders were thinking about the industry at the time of their corporate formation and the innovative methods that kept the market active.Table of Contents Overview of the Industry Franco-Nevada Corporation Royal Gold Wheaton Precious Metals Altius Minerals Corporation International Royalty Corporation Sandstorm Gold Osisko Gold Royalties Metalla Royalty & Streaming Gold Royalty Corporation Maverix Metals Triple Flag Precious Metals Junior and Mid-Tier Companies

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Book SynopsisThis work offers a detailed history of mining and its economic impact in Calaveras County in the central Sierra from the first discoveries in the 1840s. It examines the roles of race, gender, and class in this frontier society, and the generation and distribution of capital.

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Book SynopsisComprehensive guide to what remains of the North East's Mining Heritage

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Book SynopsisUnderground Ventilation contains the proceedings of the 19th North American Mine Ventilation Symposium held at the South Dakota School of Mines & Technology (South Dakota Mines) in Rapid City, South Dakota, June 17-22, 2023. South Dakota Mines organized this symposium in collaboration with the Underground Ventilation Committee (UVC) of the Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration (SME). The Mine Ventilation Symposium series has always been a premier forum for ventilation experts, practitioners, educators, students, regulators, and suppliers from around the world to exchange knowledge, ideas, and opinions. Underground Ventilation features sixty-seven selected technical papers in a wide range of ventilation topics including: auxiliary and primary systems, mine fans, case studies, computational fluid dynamics applications, diesel particulate control, electric machinery, mine cooling and refrigeration, mine dust monitoring and contTable of ContentsAuxiliary VentilationCase Studies of Mine VentilationComputational Fluid Dynamics Applications in Mine VentilationDiesel Particulate ControlElectric Machinery in Mine VentilationMine Cooling and RefrigerationMine Dust Monitoring and ControlMine FansMine Fires and Explosion PreventionMine GasesMine HeatMine Ventilation and AutomationOccupational Health and Safety in Mine VentilationRenewable/Alternative Energy in Mine VentilationVentilation Monitoring and MeasurementVentilation Network Analysis and OptimizationVentilation Planning and DesignIndex

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Book SynopsisFocusing on trends in energy supply and demand, this text provides students with a comprehensive account of the subject and an understanding of how to use data analysis and modeling to make future projections and study climate impacts. Developments in technology and policy are discussed in depth, including the role of coal, the fracking revolutions for oil and gas, the electricity grid, wind and solar power, battery storage, and biofuels. Trends in demand are also detailed, with analysis of industrial demands such as LEDs, air conditioning, heat pumps, and information technology, and the transportation demands of railroads, ships, and cars (including electric vehicles). The environmental impacts of the energy industry are considered throughout, and a full chapter is dedicated to climate change. Real-life case studies and examples add context, and over 400 full-color figures illustrate key concepts. Accompanied by a package of online resources including solutions, video examples, sampleTrade Review'Filled with relevant facts, this book gives a unique insight into the many feedback mechanisms in the global energy balance. The connection to historical events and specific technological milestones, such as the invention of oral contraceptives, is eye-opening. Clear and no-nonsense data analysis teaches the reader a critical and quantitative approach to understanding energy supply and demand, and brings the topic to a personal level.' Zoya Popovic, University of Colorado, Boulder'Rutledge's book provides a thorough coverage of developments in technology, trends in demand, and the environmental impacts of the energy industry. Unlike traditional texts, topics are explained with real-life case studies and remarkable details of history. Amazingly illustrated with photos and pictures, this is the most comprehensive textbook that I know.' Birce Dikici, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Florida'The historical background that is given in Energy: Supply and Demand is interesting and provides insight into how our energy industry has developed. This adds important context to the excellent quantitative and analytic approach to energy found throughout the book. I highly recommend Energy: Supply and Demand.' Michael Elmore, State University of New York at Binghamton'Profusely illustrated with charts, photographs, and maps, David B. Rutledge's book is a delightful exposition of the technical, social, political, and environmental aspects of energy supply and demand. Interspersing historical data, biographical vignettes, and the elements of statistical analysis and engineering concepts, it takes the reader on a journey that details how we have utilized energy and exploited our natural resources over the last two centuries.' Joe Shepherd, California Institute of Technology'Energy: Supply and Demand is a fascinating journey across time, space, and energy resources. Chapter by chapter, Professor Rutledge grasps the students' and the general readers' attention with historical perspectives and then takes them through fundamental physics, engineering, and economics arguments. A modern guide to navigating a changing energy world where supply and demand will no longer be what they used to.' Pierluigi Mancarella, University of Manchester and University of MelbourneTable of Contents1. Preliminaries; 2. Horses, whales, and wood; 3. Models; 4. Coal; 5. Hydrocarbons; 6. Farming and fishing; 7. Electricity and the alternatives; 8. Stationary demand; 9. Transportation demand; 10. Climate change.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a fundamental description of multiphase flow through porous rock, with an emphasis on the understanding of displacement processes at the pore, or micron, scale. The treatment is pedagogical, making it an excellent reference for hydrology and environmental engineering students, as well as for industry professionals.Trade Review'This brilliant and original textbook integrates the most up-to-date understanding of the physics of fluid transport through porous media with recent advances in digital rock physics. The result provides fresh insight into multiphase fluid flow and transport to benefit students and researchers alike.' Anthony Kovscek, Stanford University, California'This beautifully written and elegantly illustrated book uses the latest theoretical and experimental insights to provide the most comprehensive review of the fundamental physical and chemical processes that occur at the pore-scale during multi-phase flow in permeable media … a much needed contribution that will impact geoscientists and engineers from both academia and industry, for years to come.' Sebastian Geiger, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh'This book quickly has become one of my all-time favorite textbooks .… the mix of original papers, classic works, review papers, and textbooks, together with an expansive and up-to-date collection of current literature, is one of the strongest points of the book. The reference list alone is worth the cost of this volume … This is one of those rare books that hits the fine balance between superficial and too much detail … I highly recommend Multiphase Flow in Permeable Media (Blunt 2017) to anyone interested in the flow of immiscible fluids in the subsurface.' Benjamin J. Rostron, Groundwater'This first-edition book is available in electronic and hardcover formats and is well illustrated with figures. It is a well-organized volume.' Amit Padhi, The Leading EdgeTable of ContentsList of symbols; Preface; 1. Interfacial curvature and contact angle; 2. Porous media and fluid displacement; 3. Primary drainage; 4. Imbibition and trapping; 5. Wettability and displacement paths; 6. Navier–Stokes equations, Darcy's law and multiphase flow; 7. Relative permeability; 8. Three-phase flow; 9. Solutions to equations for multiphase flow; Appendix A. Exercises; References; Index.

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Book SynopsisWave propagation is central to all areas of petroleum engineering, e.g.Table of ContentsPreface xxi Acknowledgements xxiii 1 Overview and Fundamental Ideas 1 1.1 The Classical Wave Equation 2 1.2 Fundamental Representation 7 1.3 Separation of Variables and Eigenfunction Expansions 8 1.4 Standing Versus Propagating Waves 16 1.5 Laplace Transforms 20 1.6 Fourier Transforms 26 1.7 External Forces Versus Boundary Conditions 30 1.8 Point Force and Dipole Wave Excitation 42 1.9 First-Order Partial Differential Equations 46 1.10 References 49 2 Kinematic Wave Theory 50 2.1 Whitham's Theory in Nondissipative Media 51 2.2 Simple Attenuation Modeling 57 2.3 KWT in Homogeneous Dissipative Media 60 2.4 High-Order Kinematic Wave Th eory 64 2.5 Effect of Low-Order Nonuniformities 70 2.6 Three-Dimensional Kinematic Wave Theory 76 2.7 References 80 3 Examples from Classical Mechanics 82 3.1 Example 3-1. Lateral Vibration of Simple Beams 82 3.2 Example 3-2. Acoustic Waves in Waveguides 85 3.3 Example 3-3. Gravity-Capillary Waves in Deep Water 96 3.4 Example 3-4. Fluid-Solid Interaction – Waves on Elastic Membranes 100 3.5 Example 3-5. Problems in Hydrodynamic Stability 104 3.6 References 106 4 Drillstring Vibrations: Classic Ideas and Modern Approaches 109 4.1 Typical Downhole Vibration Environment 110 4.2 Axial Vibrations 123 4.3 Lateral Bending Vibrations 184 4.4 Torsional and Whirling Vibrations 216 4.5 Coupled Axial, Torsional and Lateral Vibrations 227 4.6 References 248 5 Mud Acoustics in Modern Drilling 257 5.1 Governing Lagrangian Equations 258 5.2 Governing Eulerian Equations 267 5.3 Transient Finite Diff erencing Modeling 272 5.4 Swab-Surge Modeling 275 5.5 MWD Mud Pulse Telemetry 278 5.6 Recent MWD Developments 294 5.7 References 303 6 Geophysical Ray Tracing 306 6.1 Classical Wave Modeling – Eikonal Methods and Ray Tracing 307 6.2 Fermat’s Principal of Least Time (via Calculus of Variations) 310 6.3 Fermat’s Principle Revisited Via Kinematic Wave Th eory 312 6.4 Modeling Wave Dissipation 313 6.5 Ray Tracing Over Large Space-Time Scales 317 6.6 Subtle High-Order Eff ects 320 6.7 Travel-Time Modeling 324 6.8 References 329 7 Wave and Current Interaction in the Ocean 331 7.1 Wave Kinematics and Energy Summary 331 7.2 Sources of Hydrodynamic Loading 334 7.3 Instabilities Due to Heterogeneity 334 7.4 References 337 8 Borehole Electromagnetics - Diffusive and Propagation Transients 338 8.1 Induction and Propagation Resistivity 339 8.2 Conductive Mud Eff ects in Wireline and MWD Logging 344 8.3 Longitudinal Magnetic Fields 346 8.4 Apparent Anisotropic Resistivities for Electromagnetic Logging Tools in Horizontal Wells 349 8.5 Borehole Eff ects – Invasion and Eccentricity 356 8.6 References 357 9 Reservoir Engineering – Steady, Diff usive and Propagation Models 358 9.1 Buckley-Leverett Multiphase Flow 358 9.2 References 366 10 Borehole Acoustics - New Approaches to Old Problems 367 10.1 Stoneley Waves in Permeable Wells - Background 368 10.2 Stoneley Wave Kinematics and Dynamics 372 10.3 Eff ects of Borehole Eccentricity 384 10.4 References 391 Cumulative References 394 Index 410 About the Author 419

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Book SynopsisWeak rocks encountered in open pit mines cover a wide variety of materials, with properties ranging between soil and rock. As such, they can provide a significant challenge for the slope designer. For these materials, the mass strength can be the primary control in the design of the pit slopes, although structures can also play an important role. Because of the typically weak nature of the materials, groundwater and surface water can also have a controlling influence on stability.Guidelines for Open Pit Slope Design in Weak Rocks is a companion to Guidelines for Open Pit Slope Design, which was published in 2009 and dealt primarily with strong rocks. Both books were commissioned under the Large Open Pit (LOP) project, which is sponsored by major mining companies. These books provide summaries of the current state of practice for the design, implementation and assessment of slopes in open pits, with a view to meeting the requirements of safety, as well as the recTable of ContentsPreface Introduction Field Data Collections Weak Rocks Strength Models The Role of Water in Slope Design for Weak Rocks Slope Design Considerations Cemented Sediments Weak Sedimentary Mudrocks Weak Sedimentary Coal, Chalk and Limestone Saprolite – Residual Soil and Weathered Rock Soft iron ores and other leached rocks Hydrothermally Altered Rock Design Implementation and Operational Considerations ReferencesIndex

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Book SynopsisA fascinating selection of previously unpublished images documenting the final years of steam on Britain's coalfields, featuring photographs from England, Scotland and Wales.

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Book SynopsisEnthusiastic and thorough, everything you need to know about discovering buried treasure from choosing your first metal detector to finding locations loaded with possibilities, and everything in between.There is an incredible amount of treasure buried right under our feet, but most people don’t even know this huge amount of untold wealth exists. Imagine how it must feel to uncover large caches of silver and gold coins or long-lost jewelry packed with shimmering, precious stones. These are not some made-up fairy tales—there are people who, at this very moment, are finding these treasures.Veteran metal detector and treasure hunter Mark Smith takes you under his wing and demystifies treasure hunting in Metal Detecting by revealing his most closely guarded secrets and sharing personal stories of success. These valuable lessons and truly amazing treasure hunting stories will make you wonder why you aren’t out there with a metal detector right now!Metal Detecting cuts right through the technical jargon and spells everything out with full-color illustrations and easy-to-understand terms, making this book simple to follow, regardless of your prior treasure-hunting experience. Novices and seasoned veterans will both find plenty of helpful information buried in the pages of this book—Mark shows you how to get out there and claim your own share of treasure, be it gold, silver, meteorites, old coins, jewelry, or relics.What are you waiting for? Grab a copy today and start uncovering history, adventure, and treasure!Trade Review"Outstanding! Mark Smith's Metal Detecting has it all covered." "A good read filled with great tips and information (and humor along the way)." "Absolutely excellent starting place for the beginning detectorist."

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Book SynopsisAlthough it is a rock rather than a mineral (the building blocks of rocks), coal is often considered to be a mineral resource. Coal has been mined since ancient Roman times, but it has become a major energy source only since the Industrial Revolution. It currently provides 22 percent of the world''s energy, and is used to generate approximately 40 percent of electricity world-wide. Coal generates more than half of all electricity in the United States. Coal is also an important ingredient in the creation of methanol which turns up in such items as plywood (binding resin) and plastic bottles (acetic acid). Reserves are widely distributed throughout the globe, although the United States, Russia, China, and India account for more than half of the world''s recoverable coal reserves. This book presents new research in the field.

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