Microwave technology Books

Book SynopsisThis handbook addresses the development of energy-efficient, environmentally friendly solid-state light sources, in particular semiconductor light emitting diodes (LEDs) and other solid-state lighting devices. It reflects the vast growth of this field and impacts in diverse industries, from lighting to communications, biotechnology, imaging, and medicine. The chapters include coverage of nanoscale processing, fabrication of LEDs, light diodes, photodetectors and nanodevices, characterization techniques, application, and recent advances. Readers will obtain an understanding of the key properties of solid-state lighting and LED devices, an overview of current technologies, and appreciation for the challenges remaining. The handbook will be useful to material growers and evaluators, device design and processing engineers, newcomers, students, and professionals in the field.Table of ContentsOVERVIEW. From the dawn of GaN-based light-emitting devices to the present day. Spectrum-related quality of white-light sources. Nanofabrication of III-nitride emitters for solid-state lighting. III-nitride deep-ultraviolet materials and applications. GAN-BASED LEDS FOR LIGHTING. Efficiency droop of nitride-based light-emitting diodes. Design and fabrication of patterned sapphire substrates (PSS) for GaN-based light-emitting diodes. Surface Plasmon Coupled Light-Emitting Diodes. Deep level traps in GaN epilayer and LED. Photoluminescence Dynamics in InGaN/GaN Multiple Quantum Well Light-Emitting Diodes. DEEP ULTRAVIOLET LEDS AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES. Technological developments of UV-LEDs. Influence of carrier localization on efficiency droop and stimulated emission in AlGaN quantum wells. Solar-blind AlGaN devices. LASER DIODES. Laser diode-driven white light sources. InGaN laser diodes by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy. GaN-based blue and green laser diodes. NANO AND OTHER TYPES OF LEDS. Photonic Crystal Light-Emitting Diodes by Nanosphere Lithography. ZnO-based LEDs. Natural Light-Style Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. NOVEL TECHNOLOGIES AND DEVELOPMENTS. III-Nitride Semiconductor LEDs Grown on Si and Stress Control of GaN Epitaxial. A hole accelerator for III-nitride light-emitting diodes. MOCVD growth of GaN on foundry compatible 200 mm Si. Terahertz spectroscopy study of III-V nitrides. Internal luminescence mechanisms of III-nitride LEDs. Fabrication of thin film nitride-based light-emitting diodes.

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Book SynopsisThe Nano Science and Technology Institute (NSTI) have built a tradition of being the most prestigious forum in the world for leading Nano Scientists. NSTI provides Nano Scientists with up-to-date global perspective on the latest developments in nanotechnology. This volume outlines the latest developments in: Energy Storage, Fuel Cells & Hydrogen, Nanomaterials for Catalysis,, Materials for Oil, Gas & Biofuels, Carbon Capture & Utilization, Solar Power Technologies, Materials for Green Building, Water Technologies, Materials for Sustainability & Efficiency.

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Book SynopsisThe second edition offers an update on the single most comprehensive survey of the two intertwined fields of spintronics and magnetism, covering the diverse array of materials and structures, including silicon, organic semiconductors, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and engineered nanostructures. It focuses on seminal pioneering work, together with the latest in cutting-edge advances, notably extended discussion of two-dimensional materials beyond graphene, topological insulators, skyrmions, and molecular spintronics. The main sections cover physical phenomena, spin-dependent tunneling, control of spin and magnetism in semiconductors, and spin-based applications.

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Book SynopsisBridging condensed matter physics, photochemistry, photophysics, and materials science, Electromagnetic Radiation in Analysis and Design of Organic Materials: Electronic and Biotechnology Applications covers physical properties of materials in the presence of radiation from across the electromagnetic spectrum. It describes the optical, spectral, thermal, and morphological properties of a wide range of materials and their practical implications in electronic and biotechnologies. It discusses recent advances in the use of radiation in analysis of materials and design for advanced applications. The book contains experimental and theoretical issues that reflect the impact of radiation on materials characteristics highlighting their ease of analysis or adaptation for applications as optical filters, drug delivery systems, antimicrobial layers, amphetamine detectors, or liquid crystal displays.Trade Review"The selection of the topics is quite good, as it discusses the interaction of a large array of compounds with the electromagnetic radiation. The general topic is very useful, as these interactions yield very useful information, for both qualitative and quantitative analysis, although they are nondestructive techniques."— Mirela Praisler, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Romania"This book can represent a good text book for senior-undergraduate and post-graduate students or experienced professionals that are looking to specialize in using the electromagnetic radiation in the analysis and processing of the various materials."— George Amarandei, Dublin Institute of Technology, Ireland"Authors provide a well-structured and self-contained book, yet concise, focused on selected topics related to the interactions of the electromagnetic radiations with organic matter, from small molecules to macromolecules and biological polymers. Each chapter addresses a specific subject and can be read it independently and in any order. The multidisciplinary approach supported by different methods of investigations and modern methods of analysis is a main strength of the content of the book. The accessible style used in explaining the complicated phenomena is of great advantage for the readers." — Cristina Stan, University of Bucharest, Romania"This is a well-structured and comprehensive book on a very important and relevant topic of modern physics and medicine. The book focuses on selected topics of interactions of electromagnetic radiation with organic matter, from small molecules to macromolecules and biological polymers. The multidisciplinary approach supported by different methods of investigations and modern methods of analysis is an important strength of the book. The accessible style used in explaining the complicated phenomena is of great advantage for the readers."— Codrina Ionita-Schrittwieser, University of Innsbruck, AustriaTable of ContentsPart I. Interactions of Electromagnetic Radiations with Low Molecular Weight Materials. Spectral Methods in Estimating Molecular Polarizability in Non-Polar Solvents. Solvatochromic Behavior of Ternary Solutions of Some 1, 2, 4-Triazolium Ylids. Spectral Insights on Intermolecular Interactions in Solutions of Some Zwitterionic Compounds. Relevance of the Molecular Descriptors for the Modeling/Discrimination of Amphetamines using Artificial Neural Network. Methods for Evaluation of Light Double Refraction in Transparent Uniax Anisotropic Media using the Channeled Spectra. New Approaches on Birefringence Dispersion of Small-Molecule Liquid Crystals Designed as Interferential Optical Filters. Novel Aspects on Optical Radiations Involvement in Analysis of Biaxial Crystals Optical Properties. Part II. Interactions of Electromagnetic Radiations with Macromolecular Materials. Designing Antimicrobial Properties on Urinary Catheter Surfaces by Interaction with Plasma Radiation and Particles. Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Polymer Materials Used in Biomedical Applications. Role of UV-VIS Radiations in Analysis of Polymer Systems for Drug Delivery Applications. Interaction of Radiations with Stretched Polymer Foils in Controlling the Release of a Drug for Alzheimer Disease. Structuring of Polymer Surfaces via Laser Irradiation as a Tool for Micro- and Nanotechnologies. Liquid Crystal Polymers under Mechanical and Electromagnetic Fields: From Basic Concepts to Modern Technologies.

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Book SynopsisEach chapter in this book is written by a group of leading experts in one particular type of microprobe technique. They emphasize the ability of that technique to provide information about small structures (i.e. quantum dots, quantum lines), microscopic defects, strain, layer composition, and its usefulness as diagnostic technique for device degradation. Different types of probes are considered (electrons, photons and tips) and different microscopies (optical, electron microscopy and tunneling). It is an ideal reference for post-graduate and experienced researchers, as well as for crystal growers and optoelectronic device makers.Table of Contents1. Photoluminescence Imaging2. MicroRaman Spectroscopy of Semiconductors: Principles and Applications3. Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy of Semiconductor Nanostructures4. Cross-sectional Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies of Heterostructures5. Application of Transmission Electron Microscopy to Study Interfaces in Optoelectronic Materials6. Electron Beam Induced Luminescence Studies of Low-dimensional Semiconductor Structures7. X-ray Topography8. Selective Etching and Complementary Microprobe Techniques (SFM, EBIC)

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Book SynopsisThe first part of a comprehensive overview of fundamental optical properties of III-nitride semiconductors. All optoelectronic applications based on III-nitrides are due to their unique optical properties and characterizations of III-nitrides. Much information, which is critical to the design and improvement of optoelectronic devices based on III-nitrides has been obtained in the last several years. This is the first of a two part Volume in the series Optoelectronic Properties of Semiconductors and Superlattices.Trade Review""This essential book...is the first to present a systematic, comprehensive overview of the optical properties of III-nitride semiconductors...""The style of writing is engagin, which makes the book easily accessible to anyone involved in the development of optoelectronic devices, optical spectroscopy or new materials research."-Mircea Dragoman, National Research Institute in Microtechnology, Bucharest, Romania.."Book ReviewsOptics & Photonics News, June 2004Table of ContentsIntroductionChapter One: Time-resolved Photoluminescence Studies of III-NitridesChapter Two: Time-resolved Raman Studies of Wide bandgap Wurtzite GaNChapter Three: Optical Properties of InGaN Based III-Nitride HeterostructuresChapter Four: Optical Properties of Homeopitaxial GaNChapter Five: Physics and Optical Properties of GaN/InGaN Quantum WellsChapter Six: Characterization of GaN and Related Alloys by Raman ScatteringChapter Seven: Raman Studies of Wurtzite GaN and Related CompoundsChapter Eight: Light Emission from Rare Earth Doped GaN

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Book SynopsisThis second part presents a comprehensive overview of fundamental optical properties of the III Nitride Semiconductor. All optoelectronic applications based on III-nitrides are due to their unique optical properties and characterizations of III-nitrides. Much information, which is critical to the design and improvement of optoelectronic devices based on III-nitrides has been obtained in the last several years. This is the second of a two part Volume in the seriesOptoelectronic Properties of Semiconductors and Superlattices.Table of ContentsChapter One: Optical Spectroscopy of Highly Excited Group III-Nitrides Chapter Two: Optical Constraints of III-Nitrides-Experiments Chapter Three: Optical Functions of III-Nitrides-Calculations Chapter Four: Interband Optical Transitions in Piezo-Strained InGaN Qunatum Wells Chapter Five: Electric Fields in Polarized InGaN/GaN Heterostructures Chapter Six: Inter-link Between Structural and Optical Properties of GaN and GaN/AIGaN Heterostructures Chapter Seven: LO Phonon Assisted Excition Luminescence Processes in Heteroepitaxial GaN Films Chapter Eight: Cubic Phase GaN and AIGaN: Expitaxial Growth and Optical Properties

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Book SynopsisThis volume is focused on the growth techniques for III-Nitrides featuring chapters written by leading experts in the field. This unique volume provides a comprehensive review and introduction to growth issues, substrates and characterization of GaN and related compounds for newcomers to the field and stimulus for further advances for experienced researchers. The technical chapters in this volume are focused on various aspects of growth modes, growth techniques such as molecular beam epitaxy, metalorganic chemical vapor deposition, metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy, epitaxial lateral overgrowth, hydride vapor phase epitaxial growth, as well as substrate issues and characterization results.Table of ContentsChapter One: Reduction of Dislocation Density in GaN Films Formed by Epitaxial Lateral Overgrowth Chapter Two: Lateral and Pendo-Epitaxial Growth and Characterization of Thin Films of GaN and AIGaN Alloys on SIC(0001) and Si(111) Substrates Chapter Three: Spatially Resolved Optical Characterization of GaN Structures Produced by Selective Area Epitaxy and Epitaxial Lateral Overgrowth Chapter Four: Selective Area Growth of Gallium Nitride on ?-AI2O3 and Silicon Substrates Using Oxidized Aluminum Arsenide Chapter Five: Homo and Hetero-Epitaxial MOVPE Growth of GaN Chapter Six: Hydride Vapour Phase Epitaxial Growth of Thick GaN Layers Chapter Seven: Growth Modes and Strain Relaxation Mechanisms of Nitrides in Molecular Beam Epitaxy: From 2D to 3D Growth Mode Chapter Eight: Molecular Beam Epitaxy of Group-III Nitrides Chapter Nine: "Growth and Characterization of MBE-grown Cubic GaN, InxGa1-xN and AIyGa1-yN" Chapter Ten: Growth of III_V Nitrides by Pulsed Laser Deposition Chapter Eleven: Influence of the Growth Mode on the physical Properties of GaN Grown by MetalOrganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy Chapter Twelve: Epitaxial Growth and Characterization of GaN-based Nitrides and Related Devices on Silicon Substrates Chapter 13: Metalorganic Vapor Phase Change Epitaxy Grown Hexagonal GaN and AIGaN for UV-Visible-Blind Photodetector Device Applications Chapter 14: Epitaxial Growth of Wurtzite GaN and Ternary Compounds

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Book SynopsisThe purpose of this book is to explore a range of ideas that have the potential to lead to future paradigm shifts. We know that technology is evolving at a rapid pace, but it is almost impossible to predict the exact direction from which the next paradigm will emerge. The book represents eighteen ideas that could result in paradigm shifts. The only criterion for inclusion in this book is that the idea has to represent a significant departure from the norm in exploring a new technology or application. The next generation of paradigm shifts in communication technology is going to start as ''blue sky'' ideas, evolving dreams into reality.

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Book SynopsisThe discovery of high-temperature superconductivity [1986] by Bendnorz and Müller in the La-BA-Cu-O system resulted in very extensive research work about the discovery and synthesis of other high-temperature superconductors, such as Y-BA-Cu-O and Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O. These new superconducting materials, possessing superconductivity above liquid nitrogen boiling point, are used in many engineering applications, from electronic sensors to rotating electrical generators and from nanometer-scale thin films to kilometer-long wires and coils. Therefore, design and net-shape manufacturing of superconducting components, starting from the initial synthesized powders, is now of utmost industrial importance.This book is primarily focused on the bulk-fabrication techniques of high-temperature ceramic superconducting components, especially on the combination of dynamic powder-consolidation and subsequent deformation processing. The properties of these ceramics, which are difficult-to-form materials by applying conventional techniques, are combined for the net-shape manufacturing of such components for the construction of HTS devices. However, very important topics such as superconducting structures, chemical synthesis, film fabrication and characterization techniques are also reviewed to provide a complete, comprehensive view of superconductors engineering.Table of ContentsForeword, Bernard Raveau, CRISMAT Laboratory, France. Preface. Introduction. Fundamentals of Superconductors. Synthesis of Ceramic Superconductors. Impact Loading of Solid Porous Media. Fabrication of Bulk HTS. Fabrication of HTS Films. Characterization of HTS Powders and Components. Industrial Applications. Future Perspectives of High-Tc Superconductivity.

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Book SynopsisFirst introduced about a decade ago, the first edition of the Handbook of Semiconductor Interconnection Technology became widely popular for its thorough, integrated treatment of interconnect technologies and its forward-looking perspective. The field has grown tremendously in the interim and many of the "likely directions" outlined in the first edition are now standard in modern facilities. Reflecting those advances, this edition delves into the practical aspects of interconnections for manufacturing. It examines the interconnect and fabrication technologies now available, with an examination of future prospects for the field.What's in this Edition:Detailed discussion of electrochemical equipment for plating copper Information on tools used for evaporation, chemical vapor deposition, and plasma processes Emphasis on measurement of mechanical and thermal properties of insulators Methods for characterizing porous dielectric thin films Greater focus on integration issues and properties of titanium, cobalt, and nickel silicides Process schemes based on the increased need for borderless contact gates and source/drain Expanded discussion on choices for low-dielectric insulators Concentration on electroplated copper, especially morphology of plated films and their properties Developments in thin film liners and barriers Expanded material on copper reliability Table of ContentsMethods/Principles of Deposition and Etching; Geraldine Cogin Schwartz. Characterization; Geraldine Cogin Schwartz. Semiconductor Contact Technology; David R. Campbell, revised by Catherine Ivers. Interlevel Dielectrics; Geraldine Cogin Schwartz and K.V. Sriksrishnan. Metallization; Geraldine Cogin CSchwartz and K.V. Srikrishnan. Chip Integration; Geraldine Cogin Schwartz and K.V. Srikrishnan. Reliability; James R. Lloyd and Kenneth P. Rodbell. Index.

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Book SynopsisDesigned for microwave and RF engineers, this is a presentation of nonlinear microwave and RF circuits. It offers an understanding of the theory of nonlinear circuit analysis that they need for their work in the field. There is guidance on designing nonlinear circuits and modelling solid-state devices for nonlinear circuit analysis by computer, showing how characteristics of such models affect the analysis of these circuits. This second edition features new material, including critical discussions on nonlinear analysis of oscillators and design issues relating to RF (radio frequency) and wireless technology. More than 120 illustrations support key topics throughout the text.Table of ContentsPreface. Introduction, Fundamental Concepts, and Definitions. Solid-State Device Modeling. Harmonic-Balance analysis. Volterra-Series and Power-Series Analysis. Balanced Circuits. Diode Mixers. Diode Frequency Multipliers. Small-Signal Amplifiers. Power Amplifiers. Active Frequency Multipliers. Active Mixers. Oscillators. Index.

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Book SynopsisGrounding is a widespread and serious problem in microwave and RF engineering and, up until now, there hasn't been a practical, authoritative resource dedicated to the topic. This first-of-its-kind volume offers professionals a comprehensive understanding of the proper grounding techniques to use when working on varied microwave circuit and antenna design projects. Practitioners learn what problems can occur when grounding design is inadequate, and how to avoid them. The book covers a wide range of critical topics, from the fundamentals of low frequency circuit theory and the differences between DC and RF short circuits...to grounding in active microwave component design and grounding issues related to antennas.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Electromagnetic Theory. Transmission Lines, Waveguides and Passive Circuits. Transmission Line Transitions. Active Microwave Devices and Circuits. Antennas. References. Index. Author Biography.

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Book SynopsisMicrowave tubes are vacuum electron devices used for the generation and amplification of radio frequencies in the microwave range. An established technology area, the use of tubes remains essential in the field today for high-power applications. The culmination of the author's 50 years of industry experience, this authoritative resource offers you a thorough understanding of the operations and major classes of microwave tubes. Minimizing the use of advanced mathematics, the book places emphasis on clear qualitative explanations of phenomena. This practical reference serves as an excellent introduction for newcomers to the field and offers established tube engineers a comprehensive refresher. Professionals find coverage of all major tube classifications, including klystrons, traveling wave tubes (TWTs), magnetrons, cross field amplifiers, and gyrotrons.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Static Fields Produced by Electrons. Electron Motion in Static Fields. Influence of Magnetic Field on Electron Motion. Thermionic Cathodes. Electron Guns. Electron Beams. Beam-Gap Interactions. Electron Bunching. Basic Klystrons and Their Operation. Special Purpose Klystrons. Traveling Wave Interaction. Wave Velocities and Dispersion. Helix TWTS. Coupled Cavity TWTS. Collectors. Crossed Field Tubes. Cathodes for Crossed Field Tubes. Magnetrons. Crossed-Field Amplifiers. Windows. Noise. Nonlinearities and Distortion. Breakdown and Protection. Appendices.

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Book SynopsisWritten by prominent experts in the field, this authoritative new resource provides guidelines for performing a wide variety of Vector Network Analyzers (VNA) measurements. The capabilities and limitations of modern VNA in the context of challenging real-world applications are explained, as well as insights for optimizing test setups and instrument settings, making accurate measurements and, equally important, avoiding costly mistakes. Organized by topic, the readers can focus on chapters covering particular measurement challenges. Application topics include linear and non-linear measurements of passive and active devices, frequency converting devices, and special considerations for high-power, high-gain, and pulsed devices. Signal Integrity and time-domain reflectometry are covered, as well as emerging applications at millimeter-wave frequencies driven by 5G and automotive radar. Waveguide is presented, with emphasis on understanding guided-wave propagation and the associated calculations required for creating calibration standards. Each application is supported by illustrations that help explain key concepts and VNA screenshots are used to show both expected and, in some cases, unexpected results. This book equips engineers and lab technicians to better understand these important instruments, and effectively use them to develop the technologies that drive our world.Table of ContentsArchitecture of the Modern VNA; Calibration Techniques; Cable, Adapter and Attenuator Measurements; Filter, Transformer, Coupler, Circulator Measurements; Amplifier Measurements; Measurements on Mixers and Frequency Converters; Pulse Measurements; Antenna Measurements; Waveguide and Millimeter-Wave Measurements; Measurements on a Probe Station.

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Book SynopsisThis book targets new trends in microwave engineering by downscaling components and devices for industrial purposes such as miniaturization and function densification, in association with the new approach of activation by a confined optical remote control. It covers the fundamental groundwork of the structure, property, characterization methods and applications of 1D and 2D nanostructures, along with providing the necessary knowledge on atomic structure, how it relates to the material band-structure and how this in turn leads to the amazing properties of these structures. It thus provides new graduates, PhD students and post-doctorates with a resource equipping them with the knowledge to undertake their research.Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION ix CHAPTER 1. NANOTECHNOLOGY-BASED MATERIALS AND THEIR INTERACTION WITH LIGHT 1 1.1. Review of main trends in 3D to 0D materials 1 1.1.1. Main trends in 3D materials for radio frequency (RF) electronics and photonics 1 1.1.2. Main trends in 2D materials for RF electronics and photonics 2 1.1.3. Review of other two-dimensional structures for RF electronic applications 5 1.1.4. Main trends in 1D materials for RF electronics and photonics 6 1.1.5. Other 1D materials for RF applications 9 1.1.6. Some attempts on 0D materials 13 1.2. Light/matter interactions 13 1.2.1. Fundamental electromagnetic properties of 3D bulk materials 14 1.2.2. Linear optical transitions 22 1.2.3. Bandgap engineering in nanomaterials: effect of confinement/sizing on bandgap structure 23 1.3. Focus on two light/matter interactions at the material level 26 1.3.1. Photoconductivity in semiconductor material 26 1.3.2. Example of light absorption in metals: plasmonics 45 CHAPTER 2. ELECTROMAGNETIC MATERIAL CHARACTERIZATION AT NANOSCALE 51 2.1. State of the art of macroscopic material characterization techniques in the microwave domain with dedicated equipment 51 2.1.1. Static resistivity 51 2.1.2. Carrier and doping density 53 2.1.3. Contact resistance and Schottky barriers 55 2.1.4. Transient methods for the determination of carrier dynamics 56 2.1.5. Frequency methods for complex permittivity determination in frequency 57 2.2. Evolution of techniques for nanomaterial characterization 60 2.2.1. The CNT transistor 60 2.2.2. Optimizing DC measurements 60 2.2.3. Pulsed I-V measurements 61 2.2.4. Capacitance–voltage measurements 61 2.3. Micro- to nanoexperimental techniques for the characterization of 2D, 1D and 0D materials 62 CHAPTER 3. NANOTECHNOLOGY-BASED COMPONENTS AND DEVICES 65 3.1. Photoconductive switches for microwave applications 67 3.1.1. Major stakes 67 3.1.2. Basic principles 67 3.1.3. State of the art of photoconductive switching 71 3.1.4. Photoconductive switching at nanoscale – examples 72 3.2. 2D materials for microwave applications 74 3.2.1. Graphene for RF applications 74 3.2.2. Optoelectronic functions 76 3.2.3. Other potential applications of graphene 77 3.3. 1D materials for RF electronics and photonics 78 3.3.1. Carbon nanotubes in microwave and RF circuits 78 3.3.2. CNT microwave transistors 79 3.3.3. RF absorbing and shielding materials based on CNT composites 82 3.3.4. Interconnects 83 CHAPTER 4. NANOTECHNOLOGY-BASED SUBSYSTEMS 85 4.1. Sampling and analog-to-digital converter 85 4.1.1. Basic principles of sampling and subsampling 87 4.1.2. Optical sampling of microwave signals 89 4.2. Photomixing principle 89 4.3. Nanoantennas for microwave to THz applications 91 4.3.1. Optical control of antennas in the microwave domain 91 4.3.2. THz photoconducting antennas 91 4.3.3. 2D material-based THz antennas 92 4.3.4. 1D material-based antennas 92 4.3.5. Challenges for future applications 96 CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES 99 C.1. Conclusions 99 C.2. Perspectives: beyond graphene structures for advanced microwave functions 100 C.2.1. van der Waals heterostructures 101 C.2.2. Beyond graphene: heterogeneous integration of graphene with other 2D semiconductor materials 103 C.2.3. Graphene allotropes 103 BIBLIOGRAPHY 105 INDEX 119

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Book SynopsisMicrowave and radio frequency (RF) elements play an important role in communication systems, and, due to the proliferation of radar, satellite and mobile wireless systems, there is a need for the study of electromagnetism. Each of the nine chapters of this book provides a complete analysis and modeling of the microwave structure used for emission or reception technology, providing students with a set of approaches that can be used for current and future RF and microwave circuit designs. The authors emphasize the practical nature of the subject by summarizing the analysis steps and giving numerous examples of problems and exercises complete with solutions, making this book theoretical, but also experimental, with over 16 microwave problems. This approach has produced a coherent and practical treatment of the subject. The book has grown out of the authors’ own teaching and, as such, has a unity of methodology and style. It provides basic knowledge of microwave and RF range and is intended for microwave engineers and for advanced graduate students.Table of ContentsPREFACE xi INTRODUCTION xv PART 1. TRANSMISSION LINES 1 CHAPTER 1. ELECTROMAGNETIC OF TEM TRANSMISSION LINES 3 CHAPTER 2. LOSSES IN TEM TRANSMISSION LINES 23 CHAPTER 3. DETERMINATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF TEM LINES 51 PART 2. GUIDES 77 CHAPTER 4. ELECTROMAGNETIC IN LINEAR, HOMOGENEOUS, ISOTROPIC AND LOSSLESS GUIDES 79 CHAPTER 5. LOSSES IN GUIDES 107 CHAPTER 6. RECTANGULAR TM AND TE GUIDES 123 CHAPTER 7. CIRCULAR TM AND TE GUIDES 151 PART 3. CAVITIES 173 CHAPTER 8. RECTANGULAR TE011 CAVITY 175 CHAPTER 9. CIRCULAR TEmnp AND TMmnp CAVITIES 191 INDEX 201

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Book SynopsisThis book explains techniques and examples for designing stable amplifiers for high-frequency applications, in which the signal is small and the amplifier circuit is linear. An in-depth discussion of linear network theory provides the foundation needed to develop actual designs. Examples throughout the book will show you how to apply the knowledge gained in each chapter leading to the complex design of low noise amplifiers. Exercises at the end of each chapter will help students to practice their skills. The solutions to these design problems are available in an accompanying solutions booklet (Small Signal Microwave Amplifier Design: Solutions).Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Introduction to Networks Chapter 3: Introduction to S-Parameters Chapter 4: S-Parameter Circuit Analysis Chapter 5: Narrowband Circuit Synthesis Chapter 6: Amplifier Design Chapter 7: Introduction to Broadband Matching Chapter 8: Introduction to Noise Chapter 9: Low Noise Amplifier Design Chapter 10: Summary

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Book SynopsisThis updated, second edition textbook provides a thorough and accessible treatment of semiconductor lasers from a design and engineering perspective. It includes both the physics of devices as well as the engineering, designing and testing of practical lasers. The material is presented clearly with many examples provided. Readers of the book will come to understand the finer aspects of the theory, design, fabrication and test of these devices and have an excellent background for further study of optoelectronics.Table of ContentsIntroduction: The Basics of Optical Communications.- The Basics of Lasers.- Semiconductors as Laser Material 1: Fundamentals.- Semiconductors as Laser Materials 2: Density of States, Quantum Wells and Gain.- Semiconductor Laser Operation.- Electrical Characteristics of Semiconductor Lasers.- The Optical Cavity.- Laser Modulation.- Distributed Feedback Lasers.- Assorted Miscellany: Dispersion, Fabrication, and Reliability.- Laser Communication Systems I: Amplitude Modulated Systems.- Coherent Communication Systems.

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Book SynopsisThis one-semester textbook teaches students Electromagnetic Waves, via an early introduction to Maxwell’s Equations in the first chapter. Mathematics fundamentals are used as needed, but rigor is de-emphasized in preference to understanding the basic ideas and principles of EM waves. Each chapter includes extensive, step-by-step, solved examples, as well as abundant exercises. Designed for a one-semester course in electromagnetic waves; Introduces Maxwell’s equations in the first chapter; De-emphasizes mathematical rigor in order to make key ideas and principles easy to understand; Makes material accessible to readers of varying backgrounds, with extensive use of solved examples; Includes abundant exercises for each chapter. Trade Review“The book includes a huge number of figures, a large number of exercises and a reasonable number of solved examples, which, altogether, help the reader to understand quickly the exposition.” (Luis Filipe Pinheiro de Castro, zbMATH 1455.78001, 2021)Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Maxwell’s Equations.- Plane Waves and Wave Equations.- Characteristics and Parameters of EM Waves.- Boundary Conditions and Behavior of EM Waves.- Transmission Line.- Smith Chart.- Antenna.

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Book SynopsisThis open access book provides practicing electrical engineers and students a practical – and mathematically sound – introduction to the topic of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). The author enables readers to understand better how to overcome commonly failed EMC tests for radiated emission, radiated immunity, and electrostatic discharge (ESD), while providing concrete EMC design guidelines. The book also presents an overview of EMC standards and regulations and how to test for a global market access.Table of Contents1-Introduction 2-Regulations And Standards 3-Decibel 4-Frequency And Wavelength 5-Time-Domain And Frequency-Domain 6-RF Parameters 7-Transmission Lines 8-Electromagnetic Fields 9-Antennas 10-Skin Effect 11-Components 12-Noise Coupling 13-Shielding 14-Grounding 15-Filtering 16-EMC Design Guidelines

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Book SynopsisDieses Lehr- und Übungsbuch behandelt anschaulich die Grundlagen und moderne Anwendungen der Übertragungstechnik ohne mathematischen Ballast. Es vermittelt strukturiertes Wissen, das übergreifende Zusammenhänge und deren Verständnis ermöglicht. Schwerpunkte bilden die Nachrichtenquellen, das Rauschen in Kommunikationssystemen und die digitale Modulation. Beispiele und Aufgaben mit Lösungen sind an die Kenntnisse der Studierenden der Informationstechnik und verwandter Studiengänge angepasst und gewährleisten ein erfolgreiches Selbststudium.Table of ContentsNachrichtenquellen - Amplitudenmodulation - Frequenz- und Phasenmodulation - Rauschen in Kommunikationssystemen - Digitale Übertragung im Basisband - Digitale Modulation mit Sinusträger - Digitale Modulation für den Mobilfunk

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Book SynopsisVolkmar Brückner gibt einen Überblick über die Datenübertragung im Festnetz, durch Mobilfunk oder Satelliten sowie über globale mobile und optische Netze. Grenzen und Fehlerquellen für das Festnetz und die Übertragung bei der mobilen Kommunikation sowie Problemfelder in Technik und Ökologie werden angesprochen.Table of ContentsKommunikation heute.- Die digitale Welt.- Das Bit und sein Weg durchs Netz.- Globale Netze.- Glasfasern und Halbleiterlaser als Basiselemente optischer Netze.- Mobile Kommunikation.- Gesundheit und ökologischer Rucksack beim Mobilfunk.

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Book SynopsisDieses essential befasst sich mit den Prozessketten zur Herstellung optischer Komponenten für LED-Beleuchtungsanwendungen. Mit Blick auf eine wirtschaftliche Fertigung der Komponenten gehen die Autoren besonders auf die Möglichkeiten zur kostengünstigen Replikation durch Kunststoffspritzguss oder Rolle-zu-Rolle-Prozesse ein. Sie thematisieren die notwendigen Fertigungsschritte für die Werkzeugherstellung genauso wie die messtechnische Charakterisierung der Kunststoffkomponenten. Dabei zeigen sie die notwendige Maschinen- und Werkzeugtechnik, mögliche Verfahrensvarianten, die verwendeten Materialien und entsprechende Beispielgeometrien auf.Table of ContentsWas Sie in diesem Essential finden können.- Einleitung.- LED-Vorsatzoptiken: Formen, Toleranzen und Anforderungen.- Herstellung von Werkzeugformeinsätzen durch Diamantzerspanung.- Replikation von Kunststoffoptiken im Spritzgießverfahren.- Herstellung von Flächenlichtleitern.- Messtechnische Charakterisierung optischer Komponenten.- Was Sie aus diesem Essential mitnehmen können.

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Book SynopsisReiner Thiele leitet die Lösungen partieller Riccati-Differenzialgleichungen her und zeigt den Zusammenhang zwischen allgemeinem Integral und singulärer Lösung auf. Dazu appliziert er eine neue Zerlegungsmethode dieser nichtlinearen Differenzialgleichungen (DGL) in jeweils zwei lineare Gleichungen. Nach der Bestimmung der Eigenwerte liegen die Lösungen vor, die bei Faraday-Effekt-Stromsensoren auftreten und durch eine lineare Beziehung zwischen Messgröße und Messwert gekennzeichnet sind. Praxisrelevante Beispiele für Messgrößen und Messwerte beweisen die große Applikationsbreite der patentierten Faraday-Effekt-Stromsensoren des Autors.Der AutorProf. Dr.-Ing. Reiner Thiele lehrte an der Hochschule Zittau/Görlitz und lehrt an der Staatlichen Studienakademie Bautzen.Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisReiner Thiele entwickelt eine neue Theorie für optische Nachrichtensysteme, die ohne die Maxwell-Gleichungen der Elektrotechnik auskommt. Dazu definiert er charakteristische Momente und Funktionen für die Systemelemente einer Punkt-Punkt-Verbindung. Außerdem schlägt der Autor Dreieck-Impulse als Modulationssignal vor. Dadurch entstehen inverse Gabor-Wavelets im Lichtwellenleiter, mit denen die Signalübertragung erfolgt. Dies führt zu effizienten schaltungstechnischen Lösungen an den Endstellen der Übertragungsstrecke. Damit ergibt sich schließlich ein einfaches Verfahren zur Signal-Rekonstruktion im Empfänger.Der Autor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reiner Thiele lehrte an der Hochschule Zittau/Görlitz und unterrichtet derzeit an der Staatlichen Studienakademie Bautzen.Table of ContentsCharakteristische Momente und Funktionen der Laserdiode.- Feldverteilung als charakteristische Ortsfunktion und Impulsantwort als charakteristische Zeitfunktion des Lichtwellenleiters (LWL).- Übertragungs-Gleichung mit inversen Gabor-Wavelets.- Charakteristische Momente und Funktionen der Fotodiode und Signal-Rekonstruktion.

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Book SynopsisIn der hochbitratigen optischen Nachrichtentechnik ist es wichtig, parasitäre induktive und kapazitive Einflüsse auf die Funktion von Laser- und Fotodioden zu kompensieren. Wegen des nichtlinearen Charakters der u-i-Relationen der Induktivitäten, Kapazitäten und Widerstände ist es möglich, Kompensationsverfahren gegen parasitäre Effekte zu entwickeln oder die Nichtlinearitäten gezielt zur Signalübertragung einzusetzen. Reiner Thiele beweist, dass bei Applikation der vorgestellten Kompensationsverfahren kapazitive und induktive Influenzen auf die Grundfunktion der optoelektronischen Bauelemente vermeidbar sind, das Klemmenverhalten durch die u-i-Kennlinien von Laser- oder Fotodioden komplett erfasst wird und ungünstige Einflüsse der Systemumgebung auf die optoelektronischen Schaltungen vermieden werden. Außerdem stellt er Definitionen für optoelektronische Grundstromkreise sowie ihre Berechnung für die Applikation gleichartiger Laser- oder Fotodioden als Sende- bzw. Empfangsbauelemente der optischen Nachrichtentechnik vor.Der Autor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reiner Thiele lehrte an der Hochschule Zittau/Görlitz und unterrichtet derzeit an der Staatlichen Studienakademie Bautzen.Table of ContentsParameter von Dioden.- Kompensation elektromagnetischer Beeinflussungen.- Optoelektronische Grundstromkreise.

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Book SynopsisDieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.

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Book SynopsisDieses Buch vermittelt geballtes Wissen zur Halbleiter-SchaltungstechnikSeit nunmehr 50 Jahren ist dieses Buch über die Schaltungstechnik auf dem Markt, doch in die Jahre gekommen ist es noch lange nicht. Auch die 16. Auflage wurde von den Verfassern intensiv überarbeitet und erweitert und stellt dem Leser viele wichtige Themen der Halbleiter-Schaltungstechnik vor, darunter eine Einführung in die Digitaltechnik, Anwendungsmöglichkeiten in Bauelementen und Schaltungen der Nachrichtentechnik.Inhalte richten sich Praktiker und Studierende Von den Inhalten dieses Buchs über die Schaltungstechnik profitieren sowohl Studenten als auch Ingenieure. Sämtliche Kapitel wurden entsprechend der neuesten technischen Entwicklungen überarbeitet. Es vermittelt Grundlagenwissen aber auch tiefergehende Informationen.Table of ContentsTeil I: Grundlagen: Diode.- Bipolartransistor.- Feldeffekttransistor.- Verstärker.- Operationsverstärker.- Digitaltechnik Grundlagen.- Schaltnetze.- Schaltwerke.- Halbleiterspeicher.- Teil II: Anwendungen: Analogrechenschaltungen.- Gesteuerte Quellen und Impedanzkonverter.- Aktive Filter.- Regler.- Signalgeneratoren.- Leistungsverstärker.- Stromversorgung.- DA- und AD-Umsetzer.- Messschaltungen.- Sensorik.- Optoelektronische Bauelemente.- Teil III: Schaltungen der Nachrichtentechnik: Grundlagen.- Sender und Empfänger.- Passive Komponenten.- Hochfrequenz-Verstärker.- Mischer.- Oszillatoren.-Phasenregelschleife.- Anhang.- Literaturverzeichnis.- Sachverzeichnis.

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Book Synopsis1 Verstärkerschaltungen.- 2 Siebschaltungen.- 3 Oszillatoren.- 4 Gleichrichter.- 5 Digital/Analog- und Analog/Digital-Wandler.- 6 Modulatoren und Demodulatoren.- 7 Digitale Schaltnetze.- 8 Digitale Schaltwerke und Zeitglieder.- 9 Mikroprozessoren.- 10 Optoelektronische Schaltungen.- Sachwortverzeichnis.Table of Contents1 Verstärkerschaltungen.- 2 Siebschaltungen.- 3 Oszillatoren.- 4 Gleichrichter.- 5 Digital/Analog- und Analog/Digital-Wandler.- 6 Modulatoren und Demodulatoren.- 7 Digitale Schaltnetze.- 8 Digitale Schaltwerke und Zeitglieder.- 9 Mikroprozessoren.- 10 Optoelektronische Schaltungen.- Sachwortverzeichnis.

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Book SynopsisDie Informations- und Kommunikationstechnik hat in den letzten Jahrzehnten enorm an Bedeutung gewonnen. Um so wichtiger wird die Vermittlung von Grundlagenwissen in der digitalen Informationsübertragung. Aktuelle Forschungsgebiete wie Mehrantennensysteme (MIMO-Systeme) und Mehrnutzerkommunikation basieren auf informationstheoretischen Ansätzen, aber auch auf Kenntnissen der Codierungstheorie, der Übertragungstechnik und der Schätzverfahren. Im Vordergrund dieses Lehrbuchs stehen leistungsfähige drahtlose Übertragungstechniken unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Mobilfunks. Die meisten Prinzipien und Verfahren sind aber auch in anderen Bereichen der digitalen Übertragungstechnik und zum Teil auch in der Speichertechnik anwendbar.Table of ContentsGrundlagen der angewandten Informationstheorie.- Grundlagen der Kanalcodierung.- Digitale Modulations- und Übertragungsverfahren.- Konzepte der Mobilfunkkommunikation.

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Book SynopsisThe book gives a detailed description of optical wireless communication (OWC), including optical laser communication, visible light communication, ultraviolet communication, underwater optical communication and future communication technologies. To achieve an integration between theory and practice, the book avoids tedious mathematical deductions and includes theoretical materials as exercises. Most of the exercises are originated from published journal articles. These exercises will aid the readers in understanding the basic concept and methods and evaluating their knowledge acquisition in the field of OWC. The book is structured into Ten chapters that covers main aspects of OWC: - Optical wireless communication system - Coherent optical communication - Modulation, demodulation, and coding - Atmospheric channel, channel estimation, and channel equalization - White LED communication - Underwater laser communication - Ultraviolet communication - Acquisition, aiming, and tracking technology - Partially coherent optical transmission - Optical communication in the future The book is a suitable reference for undergraduate or postgraduate students majored in communication engineering, electronic information engineering or computer science, as well as the engineers and technicians in related fields.Table of ContentsOptical Wireless Communication System.- Coherent Optical Communication.- Modulation, Demodulation, and Coding.- Atmospheric Channel, Channel Estimation, and Channel Equalization.- White LED Communication.- Underwater Laser Communication.- Ultraviolet Communication.- Acquisition, Aiming, and Tracking Technology.- Partially Coherent Optical Transmission.- Optical Communication in the Future.

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Book SynopsisNanoscale materials are showing great promise in various electronic, optoelectronic, and energy applications. Silicon (Si) has especially captured great attention as the leading material for microelectronic and nanoscale device applications. Recently, various silicides have garnered special attention for their pivotal role in Si device engineering and for the vast potential they possess in fields such as thermoelectricity and magnetism. The fundamental understanding of Si and silicide material processes at nanoscale plays a key role in achieving device structures and performance that meet real-world requirements and, therefore, demands investigation and exploration of nanoscale device applications. This book comprises the theoretical and experimental analysis of various properties of silicon nanocrystals, research methods and techniques to prepare them, and some of their promising applications.Table of ContentsIn situ Observations of Vapor–Liquid–Solid Growth of Silicon Nanowires. Growth of Germanium, Silicon, and Ge–Si Heterostructured Nanowires. Transition Metal Silicide Nanowires: Synthetic Methods and Applications. Metal Silicide Nanowires: Growth and Properties. Formation of Epitaxial Silicide in Silicon Nanowires. Interaction between Inverse Kirkendall Effect and Kirkendall Effect in Nanoshells and Nanowires. Electrical Transport Properties of Doped Silicon Nanowires. Silicon Nanowires and Related Nanostructures as Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes. Porous Silicon Nanowires. Nanoscale Contact Engineering for Si Nanowire Devices. Index.

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Book SynopsisA comprehensive overview, this book focuses on two directions of study: discovery of new effects that take place in magnetic wires and optimization of the magnetic, electrical, and mechanical properties of the wires, taking into account the technological application. The book presents the idea of moving to nanoscale, maintaining the achieved optimal parameters of microwires. While the focus remains on glass-covered wires of micrometer scale, it covers the first steps of the movement to "nano" range as an example of the versatility of the basic effects initially discovered for microscale.Table of ContentsKerr Effect as Method of Investigation of Magnetization Reversal in Magnetic Wires. Cold-Drawn Fe-Rich Amorphous Wire. Conventional Co-Rich Amorphous Wire. Interaction Between Glass-Covered Microwires. Circular Magnetic Bistability in Co-Rich Amorphous Microwires. Effect of High-Frequency Driving Current on Magnetization Reversal in Co-Rich Amorphous Microwires. Relation Between Surface Magnetization Reversal and Magnetoimpedance. Helical Magnetic Structure. Magnetization Reversal in Crossed Magnetic Field. Visualization of Barkhausen Jump. Magnetization Reversal in Glass-Covered Nanowires of Cylindrical Shape. Magnetic Domain-Wall Dynamics in Co-Rich Glass-Covered Microwires. Nucleation and Transformation of Circular Magnetic Domain Structure: Control of Domain Nucleation. Magnetization Reversal in Co-Rich Microwires with Different Values of Magnetostriction. Application of Magneto-Optical Indicator Film Method to Study Domain Magnetic Structure in Microwires.

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Book SynopsisEnergy transport and conversion in nanoscale structures is a rapidly expanding area of science. It looks set to make a significant impact on human life and, with numerous commercial developments emerging, will become a major academic topic over the coming years. Owing to the difficulty in experimental measurement, computational simulation has become a powerful tool in the study of nanoscale energy transport and harvesting.This book provides an introduction to the current computational technology and discusses the applications of nanostructures in renewable energy and the associated research topics. It will be useful for theorists, experimentalists, and graduate-level students who want to explore this new field of research. The book addresses the currently used computational technologies and their applications in study of nanoscale energy transport and conversion. With content relevant to both academic and commercial viewpoints, it will interest researchers and postgraduates as well as consultants in the renewable energy industry.Trade Review"This book provides a timely and extensive introduction on the current status of energy transport and harvesting using nanomaterials and various computational technologies to study such materials. Current advancement in computational sciences has made it a vital tool in the development of nanosciences and nanotechnologies. This book should be a very useful reference for scientists who are working in this field and an excellent textbook for advanced-level students who would like to learn these techniques and applications."—Prof. Su-Huai Wei, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USATable of ContentsMolecular Dynamics Simulations for Computing Thermal Conductivity of Nano Materials. Nonequilibrium Phonon Green’s Function Simulation and Its Application to Carbon Nanotubes. Thermal Conduction of Graphene. Ballistic Thermal Transport by Phonons at Low Temperatures in Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures. Surface functionalization induced thermal conductivity attenuation in silicon nanowires: A molecular dynamics study.

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Book SynopsisIn the big data era, data storage is one of the cores in the whole information chain, which includes production, transfer, sharing, and finally processing. Over the years, the growth of data volume has been explosive. Today, various storage services need memories with higher density and capacity. Moreover, information storage in the big data applications should be green, safe, and long life. The storage density of memories was largely enhanced in recent years because of the rapid development of nanotechnology. The minimum feature size of optical, magnetic, and electrical memories is already at the nanometer scale. Furthermore, the interdisciplinary cooperation of nanotechnology can facilitate the development of data storage technology to achieve higher operation speed, lower power consumption, and increased retention time. This book compiles the cutting-edge research progress of nanometer-scale data storage. The main topics covered include optical memory, random access memory, magnetic memory, and hybrid memory. The text emphasizes more practical methods for data storage development and applications. Table of ContentsOverview of Information Data Storage: An Introduction; Super-Resolution Optical Data Storage Using Binary Optics. Focal Spot Engineering for Bit-by-bit Recording. Plasmonic Nanofocusing and Data Storage. Nano-optical Data Storage With Nonlinear Super-Resolution Thin Films. Mastering Technology for High-Density Optical Disk. Laser-Induced Phase Transition and Its Application in Nano-optical Storage. SPIN-Based Optical Data Storage. Magnetic Random Access Memory (MRAM). Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM). Phase Change Random Access Memory (PCRAM). Nano-DRAM Technology for Data Storage Application. Ferroelectric Memory. Nano-magnetic and Hybrid Recording.

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Book SynopsisMicroelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-based sensors and actuators have become remarkably popular in the past few decades. Rapid advances have taken place in terms of both technologies and techniques of fabrication of MEMS structures. Wet chemical–based silicon bulk micromachining continues to be a widely used technique for the fabrication of microstructures used in MEMS devices. Researchers all over the world have contributed significantly to the advancement of wet chemical–based micromachining, from understanding the etching mechanism to exploring its application to the fabrication of simple to complex MEMS structures. In addition to its various benefits, one of the unique features of wet chemical–based bulk micromachining is the ability to fabricate slanted sidewalls, such as 45° walls as micromirrors, as well as freestanding structures, such as cantilevers and diaphragms. This makes wet bulk micromachining necessary for the fabrication of structures for myriad applications.This book provides a comprehensive understating of wet bulk micromachining for the fabrication of simple to advanced microstructures for various applications in MEMS. It includes introductory to advanced concepts and covers research on basic and advanced topics on wet chemical–based silicon bulk micromachining. The book thus serves as an introductory textbook for undergraduate- and graduate-level students of physics, chemistry, electrical and electronic engineering, materials science, and engineering, as well as a comprehensive reference for researchers working or aspiring to work in the area of MEMS and for engineers working in microfabrication technology.Table of ContentsA Brief Introduction of the Crystal Structure. Brief Overview of Silicon Wafer Manufacturing and Microfabrication Techniques. Isotropic Etching of Silicon and Related Materials. KOH-Based Anisotropic Etching TMAH-Based Anisotropic Etching. Convex and Concave Corners in Silicon Wet Bulk Micromachining. Alignment of Mask Patterns to Crystallographic Directions. Simple to Complex Structures Using Wet Bulk Micromachining.

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Book SynopsisThe rapid advancement of integrated optoelectronics has been driven considerably by miniaturization. Following the path taken in electronics of reducing devices to their ultimately fundamental forms, for instance single-electron transistors, now optical devices have also been scaled down, creating the increasingly active research fields of integrated and coupled photonic systems. The interactions between the coupled integrated micro- and nanostructures can provide us with the fundamental understanding and engineering of complex systems for a variety of applications.This book aims to bring to the readers the latest developments in the rapidly emerging field of integrated nanophotonic resonators and devices. It compiles cutting-edge research from leading experts who form an interdisciplinary team around the world. The book also introduces the fundamental knowledge of coupled integrated photonic/electronic/mechanical micro- and nanoresonators and their interactions, as well as advanced research in the field.Trade Review"This unique book introduces readers to the rapid advancement in a variety of active areas in coupled and integrated nanophotonics. All the chapters represent the latest cutting-edge research in this emerging field. Readers from both academia and industry who are interested in integrated nanophotonic resonators and devices will definitely benefit from this timely book."— Dr. Terry L. Smith, 3M Co., USA"This is a leading book in the field of nanophotonic resonators and devices and presents the latest developments. Integrated nanophotonics will play a pivotal role in future semiconductor chips, and this text provides scientists, engineers, and professionals with invaluable resources in this cutting-edge field."— Dr. Xiaoman Duan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA"In this book, some typical topics in the field of integrated nanophotonic resonators are reviewed from the point of view of fundamentals, devices, and applications. The emerging new advances in integrated microresonators, optoplasmonics, silicon-based photonic devices, optomechanical systems, optical trapping, and photonic-structured scintillators and the theoretical simulation methods described in this book will open the door to realizing an unprecedented development. Undoubtedly, this book is beneficial to this community."— Prof. Hong Chen, Tongji University, China"This unique book introduces readers to the rapid advancement in a variety of active areas in coupled and integrated nanophotonics. All the chapters represent the latest cutting-edge research in this emerging field. Readers from both academia and industry who are interested in integrated nanophotonic resonators and devices will definitely benefit from this timely book."— Dr. Terry L. Smith, 3M Co., USA"This is a leading book in the field of nanophotonic resonators and devices and presents the latest developments. Integrated nanophotonics will play a pivotal role in future semiconductor chips, and this text provides scientists, engineers, and professionals with invaluable resources in this cutting-edge field."— Dr. Xiaoman Duan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA"In this book, some typical topics in the field of integrated nanophotonic resonators are reviewed from the point of view of fundamentals, devices, and applications. The emerging new advances in integrated microresonators, optoplasmonics, silicon-based photonic devices, optomechanical systems, optical trapping, and photonic-structured scintillators and the theoretical simulation methods described in this book will open the door to realizing an unprecedented development. Undoubtedly, this book is beneficial to this community."— Prof. Hong Chen, Tongji University, ChinaTable of ContentsHybrid and coupled photonic system between nanoparticle and integrated micro resonator. Coupled mode theory and its applications in computational nanophotonics. Template-guided self-assembly of discrete optoplasmonic molecules and extended optoplasmonic arrays. Nanophotonic resonators for enhancement of absorption and transmission cross sections of subwavelength plasmonic devices. Photoluminescent centers interacting with silicon-based photonic devices. Nonclassical light sources and frequency converters with integrated optomechanical systems. Scintillators boosted by nanophotonics. Optical trapping of nanoparticles. Rainbow trapping effect in horizontal and vertical directions.

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Book SynopsisFollowing two decades of intense research globally, the organic light-emitting diode (OLED) has steadily emerged as the ultimate display technology of choice for the coming decades. Portable active matrix OLED displays have already become prevalent, and even large-sized ultra-high definition 4K TVs are being mass-produced. More exotic applications such as wearable displays have been commercialized recently. With the burgeoning success in displays, researchers are actively bringing the technology forward into the exciting solid-state lighting market.This book presents the knowledge needed for students and researchers from diverse disciplines to understand the underlying principles in OLED technology. It begins with a brief history and fundamental working principles of OLEDs. After introducing the fundamentals, it discusses more efficient OLED designs, as well as advanced strategies to enhance the performance. The text covers in detail important areas such as top-emission, p- and n-type doping, device stability, light extraction, and stacked white OLEDs. It also throws light on the current industry practice and major areas of focus in the near future.Trade Review"OLEDs are a rapidly developing new technology having applications in both display and lighting. Although broad commercial application has been reached for small OLED displays, there are many more challenges in chemistry, physics, and engineering to be addressed to exploit the full potential of this technology. Yi-Lu Chang’s book fills a gap by providing a concise review of the state of the art of this fast-progressing field. The author has worked in one of the world’s leading groups on high-efficiency OLEDs and can thus provide deep insight into the key issues of improving this technology."— Prof. Karl Leo, Technische Universität Dresden, GermanyTable of ContentsIntroduction. OLED Working Principles. Charge Carrier Injection and Transport. Efficient Device Architectures. Advanced Device Architectures: Exciton Harvesting. P-type intrinsic n-type (p-i-n) OLEDs. Top-Emission OLEDs. Efficient White OLEDs. Optical Light Out-Coupling. Stability and Degradation. Applications in Displays and Lighting. Conclusions and Outlook.

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Book SynopsisNanoelectronics is changing the way the world communicates, and is transforming our daily lives. Continuing Moore’s law and miniaturization of low-power semiconductor chips with ever-increasing functionality have been relentlessly driving R&D of new devices, materials, and process capabilities to meet performance, power, and cost requirements. This book covers up-to-date advances in research and industry practices in nanometrology, critical for continuing technology scaling and product innovation. It holistically approaches the subject matter and addresses emerging and important topics in semiconductor R&D and manufacturing. It is a complete guide for metrology and diagnostic techniques essential for process technology, electronics packaging, and product development and debugging—a unique approach compared to other books. The authors are from academia, government labs, and industry and have vast experience and expertise in the topics presented. The book is intended for all those involved in IC manufacturing and nanoelectronics and for those studying nanoelectronics process and assembly technologies or working in device testing, characterization, and diagnostic techniques. Table of ContentsModel-Based Scanning Electron Microscopy Critical Dimension Metrology for 3D Nanostructures. X-Ray Metrology for Semiconductor Fabrication. Advancements in Ellipsometric and Scatterometric Analysis. 3D-AFM Measurements for Semiconductor Structures and Devices. Microstructure Characterization of Nanoscale Materials and Interconnects. Characterization of the Chemistry and Mechanical Properties of Interconnect Materials and Interfaces: Impact on Interconnect Reliability. Characterization of Plasma Damage for Low-κ Dielectric Films. Defect Characterization and Metrology. 3D Electron Tomography for Nanostructures. Methodology and Challenges in Characterization of 3D Package Interconnection Materials and Processes. 3D Interconnect Characterization using Raman Spectroscopy. Optical and Electrical Nanoprobing for Circuit Diagnostics. Automated Tools and Methods for Debugging and Diagnosis.

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Book SynopsisThe rapid development of technology based on metamaterials coupled with the recent introduction of the transformation optics technique provides an unprecedented ability for device designers to manipulate and control the behavior of electromagnetic wave phenomena. Many of the early metamaterial designs, such as negative index materials and electromagnetic bandgap surfaces, were limited to operation only over a very narrow bandwidth. However, recent groundbreaking work reported by several international research groups on the development of broadband metamaterials has opened up the doors to an exciting frontier in the creation of new devices for applications ranging from radio frequencies to visible wavelengths. This book contains a collection of eight chapters that cover recent cutting-edge contributions to the theoretical, numerical, and experimental aspects of broadband metamaterials.Table of ContentsBroadband Anisotropic Metamaterials for Antenna Applications. Broadband Low-loss Metamaterial-enabled Horn Antennas. Realization of Slow Wave Phenomena Using Coupled Transmission Lines and their Application to Antennas and Vacuum Electronics. Design Synthesis of Multi- and Broad-band Gap Electromagnetic Metasurfaces. Temporal and Spatial Dispersion Engineering using Metamaterial Concepts and Structures. Broadband Performance of Lenses Designed with Quasiconformal Transformation Optics. Broadband Chirality in Twisted Metamaterials. Broadband Optical Metasurfaces and Metamaterials.

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Book SynopsisOne dimensional electronic materials are expected to be key components owing to their potential applications in nanoscale electronics, optics, energy storage, and biology. Besides, compound semiconductors have been greatly developed as epitaxial growth crystal materials. Molecular beam and metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy approaches are representative techniques achieving 0D–2D quantum well, wire, and dot semiconductor III-V heterostructures with precise structural accuracy with atomic resolution. Based on the background of those epitaxial techniques, high-quality, single-crystalline III-V heterostructures have been achieved. III-V Nanowires have been proposed for the next generation of nanoscale optical and electrical devices such as nanowire light emitting diodes, lasers, photovoltaics, and transistors. Key issues for the realization of those devices involve the superior mobility and optical properties of III-V materials (i.e., nitride-, phosphide-, and arsenide-related heterostructure systems). Further, the developed epitaxial growth technique enables electronic carrier control through the formation of quantum structures and precise doping, which can be introduced into the nanowire system. The growth can extend the functions of the material systems through the introduction of elements with large miscibility gap, or, alternatively, by the formation of hybrid heterostructures between semiconductors and another material systems. This book reviews recent progresses of such novel III-V semiconductor nanowires, covering a wide range of aspects from the epitaxial growth to the device applications. Prospects of such advanced 1D structures for nanoscience and nanotechnology are also discussed.Table of ContentsEpitaxial Heterostructure Nanowires. Molecular beam epitaxial growth of GaN nanocolumns and related nanocolumn emitters. Novel GaNP nanowires for advanced optoelectronics and photonics. GaNAs-based nanowires for near-infrared optoelectronics. Dilute Bismide Nanowires. Ferromagnetic MnAs/III-V Hybrid Nanowires for Spintronics. GaAs-Fe3Si Semiconductor-Ferromagnet Core-Shell Nanowires for Spintronics. GaAs/AlGaOx Heterostructured Nanowires Synthesized by Post Growth Wet Oxidation. GaAs/SrTiO3 Core-Shell Nanowires. Ga(In)N nanowires grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy: from quantum light emitters to nano-transistors. InP-related nanowires for light-emitting applications. InP/InAs quantum heterostructure nanowires. III-Nitride Nanowires and Their Laser, LED photovoltaic Applications. III-V nanowires: transistor and photovoltaic applications.

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Book SynopsisGraphene, the wonder material of the 21st century, is expected to play an important role in future nanoelectronic applications, but the only way to achieve this goal is to grow graphene directly on a semiconductor, integrating it in the chain for the production of electronic circuits and devices. This book summarizes the latest achievements in this field, with particular attention to the graphitization of SiC. Through high-temperature annealing in a controlled environment, it is possible to decompose the topmost SiC layers, obtaining quasi-ideal graphene by Si sublimation with record electronic mobilities, while selective growth on patterned structures makes possible the opening of a gap by quantum confinement.The book starts with a review chapter on the significance and challenges of graphene growth on semiconductors, followed by three chapters dedicated to an up-to-date analysis of the synthesis of graphene in ultrahigh vacuum, and concludes with two chapters discussing possible ways of tailoring the electronic band structure of epitaxial graphene by atomic intercalation and of creating a gap by the growth of templated graphene nanostructures.Table of ContentsForeword. The significance and challenges of direct growth of graphene on semiconductor surfaces. Graphene synthesized on cubic-SiC(001) in ultra-high vacuum: Atomic and electronic structure, transport properties. Epitaxial Graphene from UHV decomposition of 3C-SiC/Si. Diffusion and kinetics in epitaxial graphene growth on SiC. Atomic intercalation at the SiC/graphene interface. Epitaxial graphene on SiC: 2D sheets, selective growth and nanoribbons.

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Book SynopsisSince its invention, the integrated circuit has necessitated new process modules and numerous architectural changes to improve application performances, power consumption, and cost reduction. Silicon CMOS is now well established to offer the integration of several tens of billions of devices on a chip or in a system. At present, there are important challenges in the introduction of heterogeneous co-integration of materials and devices with the silicon CMOS 2D- and 3D-based platforms. New fabrication techniques allowing strong energy and variability efficiency come in as possible players to improve the various figures of merit of fabrication technology. Integrated Nanodevice and Nanosystem Fabrication: Breakthroughs and Alternatives is the second volume in the Pan Stanford Series on Intelligent Nanosystems. The book contains 8 chapters and is divided into two parts, the first of which reports breakthrough materials and techniques such as single ion implantation in silicon and diamond, graphene and 2D materials, nanofabrication using scanning probe microscopes, while the second tackles the scaling and architectural aspects of silicon devices through HiK scaling for nanoCMOS, nanoscale epitaxial growth of group IV semiconductors, design for variability co-optimization in SOI FinFETs, and nanowires for CMOS and diversifications.Trade Review"A timely book that showcases some of the most important advances in nanodevices and nanofabrication, written by world-renowned experts."Prof. H.-S. Philip Wong, Stanford University, USA"This seven-chapter book reviews important new trends in nanotechnology and nanodevices, ranging from single-ion implantation and two-dimensional materials, such as graphene, to nanofabrication with a scanning probe microscope. The second part of the book deals with unconventional approaches to scaling nanoscale CMOS devices and to reducing device variability. Taken together, the book provides a wealth of information for graduate students and nanotechnology researchers, as well as a good insight into the future developments for engineers involved with nanosystem design and fabrication."Prof. George Celler, Rutgers University, USA"In this book, the authors address various advanced nanofabrication techniques and device issues for nano-CMOS extension. The topics are timely and their description is well balanced between innovation and practicality, as the authors evaluate each technique on the basis of the current CMOS technology. I strongly recommend the book to graduate students, researchers, and engineers in the industry and academia."Prof. Byung Gook Park, Seoul National University, KoreaTable of ContentsIntroduction: Will new materials, fabrication and architecture schemes emerge for CMOS survival?. Deterministic single-ion implantation method for quantum processing in silicon and diamond. Graphene and two-dimensional materials : extending silicon technology for the future? Nanofabrication using scanning probe microscopes. High-k dielectric scaling for nano CMOS technology. Nanometer scale epitaxial growth of group IV semiconductors. TCAD-based design technology co-optimization for variability in nanoscale SOI FinFETs. Nanowires for CMOS and diversifications.

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Book Synopsis Readers can install Quantum ESPRESSO on Windows 10, macOS, and Linux operating systems. Readers can download all input files of the book and learn each subject without making input files by themselves. Readers can learn the Wannier90 package for obtaining tight-binding parameters for theoretical modeling. Minimum information of density-functional theory and solid-state physics is included. All software except for the operating system is open software that readers can download without any cost. Table of Contents1. Introduction 2. Software Installation 3. Hands-On Tutorials of Quantum ESPRESSO 4. Density-Functional Theory 5. Solid-State Physics for Quantum ESPRESSO 6. Productivity Tools

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Book Synopsis

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